STATE DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN-2019

STATE DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN-2019ARUNACHAL PRADESH, ITANAGAR

DEPARTMENT OF DISASTER MANAGEMENTGOVERNMENT OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH

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State Disaster Management Plan 2019

C O N T E N T S

Table of Contents..................................................................................................... 3List of Tables............................................................................................................ 8List of Figures.......................................................................................................... 8Glossary of Terms.................................................................................................... 9

Forward................................................................................................................... 13Preface..................................................................................................................... 15Prologue................................................................................................................... 17Acknowledgement..................................................................................................... 19

I Introduction........................................................................................................... 24

1.1. Vision1.2. Theme1.3. Objectives1.4. Trigger Mechanism1.5. Level of Disasters1.6. Plan Activation1.7. Stakeholders of the State Disaster Management Plan1.8. Roles and Responsibilities1.8.1. The State Government1.9. Roles and Responsibilities of State level1.9.1. Arunachal Pradesh State Disaster Management Authority (APSDMA)1.9.2. State Executive Committee1.10.Roles and Responsibilities of District Level1.10.1 District Disaster Management Authority1.11. Roles and Responsibilities of local level1.11.1 Local Authorities1.11.2 Public & Private Sector1.11.3. Community Groups and Voluntary agencies1.12. Financial Arrangements1.12.1 State Budget1.12.2. State Disaster Response Fund1.12.3. Grant-in-aid1.12.4. Partnership1.12.5.Loan1.13 Finance and Budgeting

II Hazard, Risk, Vulnerability Profile of Arunachal Pradesh................................. 33

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2.1. State Profile2.2. History of vulnerability of the state to the disasters of different types2.3. Hazard Risk assessment and vulnerability mapping2.3.1. Vulnerability to Earthquake2.3.2. Vulnerability to Land Slides2.3.3. Vulnerability to floods/ Flash Flood2.3.4. Flood Hazard Zone2.3.5. Vulnerability to cyclones/wind2.4. Fire hazards/ accidents2.4.1 Fire hazard response and mitigation plan2.5. Climate Change2.6. Deforestation2.7 Biological Disaster2.7.1. Management of Biological Disaster: At State Level2.7.2. At District level2.7.3. At local level2.8. Chemical Disaster2.8.1. Sources of Chemical Disasters2.8.2. Management of Chemical Disaster2.9. Nuclear and Radiological Disaster2.9.1. Response Mechanism2.10.Management of Livestock Disaster2.10.1. Risk and Vulnerability Assessment2.10.2. Livestock Management during Disasters2.10.3. Disposal of Dead Animals during Disasters2.10.4. Steps for Prevention, Mitigation and Preparedness

III Prevention and Mitigation Measures............................................................... 603.1. Strategy3.2. Prevention and Mitigation measures3.3. Manmade Disasters3.4. Natural Disasters3.4.1. Earthquake3.4.2. Flood / flash Flood3.4.3. Landslide3.4.4. Urban Flooding3.5. Training Needs Analysis3.6. Incident Response System3.6.1. IRS Organization

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3.7. Psychosocial Support and Mental Health Services (PSSMHS)3.7.1. Preparedness Plan

IV Mainstreaming DM Concerns into Developmental Plans/Projects..................... 82

V Preparedness Measures.................................................................................... 865.1. Resource Availability5.2. State Disaster Response Force (SDRF)5.3. India Disaster Resource Network (IDRN)5.4. Resource Mobilization5.5. Community based Disaster Management5.6. Training, capacity building and other proactive measures

VI Disaster Response............................................................................................ 966.1. Approach6.2. Resource Support6.3. Co-ordination6.4. Procedures6.5. Implementation of Incident Response System for Effective Disaster Response6.6. Response activities6.7. Emergency Operation Centre (EOC)6.8. Tasks for all EOC’6.9. Alert Mechanism - Early Warning6.10. Co-ordinational Roles of Disaster Management Key Officials

(a) Action by SEC when a Disaster is Imminents/Strikes(b) Action by DDMA/Deputy Commissioner when a Disaster is Imminents/Strikes(c) Action by the Sub-Divisional Magistrate/Block Development Officer

6.11. Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) in managing response to disaster6.12. Standard Operation Procedure6.13. Information Management6.14. Media Liason6.15. Post-operational Debriefing6.16. Green Corridor for NDRF Convoy

VII Sendai Framework and Strengthening Disaster Risk Governance.................. 1477.1. Introduction to Sendai Framework7.2. Responsibility Matrix for Strengthening Disaster Risk Governance

VIII Partnership with Stakeholders...................................................................... 1518.1. National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)8.2. National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM)


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8.3. National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)8.4. Armed Forces8.5. Indian Railways8.6. Indian Meteorological Department (IMD)8.7. State Disaster Response Force (SDRF)8.8. State Fire and Emergency Services8.9.State Disaster Management Authority8.10. District Disaster Management Authority8.11. Media8.12. NGOs and other Stakeholders

IX Rehabilitation & Reconstruction...................................................................... 1609.1. Detail Damage Assessment9.2. Assistance to restore houses and dwelling units9.3. Relocation (Need Based)9.4. Finalizing reconstruction & Rehabilitation Plan9.5. Funds Generation9.6. Funds disbursement & audit9.7. Project Management9.8. Information Education & Communication9.9. Dispute resolution mechanism9.10 Implementing initiative for recovery of reconstruction costs

X Plan Maintenance............................................................................................... 16410.1. Introduction10.2. Plan Testing10.3. Debrief and Evaluation-Mock Drills10.4. Review / Updation of Plan

XI Action Plan for Earthquake............................................................................... 16711.1. Introduction11.2. Declaration of earthquake disaster11.3. Institutional mechamism of the state government to respond to earthquake disaster11.4. Response mechanism of the concerned line departments along with the roles & responsibilities of each one of them11.5. Immediate relief to be provided to the effected population

XII Action Plan for Flood/Flashflood..................................................................... 18012.1. Introduction12.3. Declaration of Flood Disaster12.4. Flood Forecasting & warning12.5. Community Based flood forecasting & warning systems


12.6. Involvement of communities in data collection & local flood warning systems.12.7. Procedure for disseminating warnings to remove areas.12.8. Trigger Mechanism : Plan Activation12.9. Trigger Mechanism for deployment of IRT12.10. Relief

XIII Follow-Up Actions.................................................................................... 188

Annexure A Emergency Operation Centre (EOC)

Annexure B Assessment Report Format

Annexure C Guidelines for Preparing Disaster Management Plans by Departmentsof Arunachal Pradesh Government

Annexure D Checklist for DM/ Deputy Commissioner for Disaster Preparednessin the District

Annexure E Mock Drill-Concept and process

Annexure F List of Helipads/Landing Grounds in Arunachal Pradesh

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List of Tables

1. Demography Profile ....................................................................................... 342. Major Earthquakes in Arunachal Pradesh..................................................... 353. Loss of lives due to landslide/Flashflood/Flood.............................................. 354. Hazards & their seasonality............................................................................. 355. Vulnerability of Districts to various natural disasters..................................... 366. Earthquake Hazard Classification................................................................... 397 Landslide Hazard Classification...................................................................... 438. Flood Hazard Classification............................................................................ 469. All Hazard, Structural & Non-Structural Measures......................................... 6210. Earthquake Structural & Non-Structural Measures........................................ 6511. Flood/Flash Flood structural & Non-Structural Measures............................. 6612. Landslide Structural & Non-Structural Measures............................................ 6813. Urban Flooding............................................................................................... 7014. Training Needs Analysis................................................................................... 7315. Expenditure Finance Committee & Responsible Deptt................................... 8316. Detail Project Report & Responsible Deptt..................................................... 8417. Resource availability........................................................................................ 8718. Community Based Disaster Management........................................................ 8819. Training............................................................................................................ 8920. Awareness........................................................................................................ 9021 Computer Based Programming....................................................................... 9022. Techno-Legal Regime....................................................................................... 9123. Medical Preparedness...................................................................................... 9324. Knowledge Management................................................................................. 9425. Communication............................................................................................... 9526. Emergency Support Function (ESF) A & B..................................................... 11527. Roles & responsibility of Government Department/Stakeholders................... 11828. Task & Responsibility Matrix for Emergency Response Phase ...................... 17229. Rules & Responsibility...................................................................................... 18430. Distribution Of activities among various State agencies during Relief........... 185

List of Figures

1. Overall Structures............................................................................................ 272. Seismic epicenters map of Arunachal Pradesh and surrounding region.......... 373. Vulnerability Profiles of villages towards Earthquake.................................... 384. Earthquake vulnerability Map of India........................................................... 385. Vulnerability of villages towards Landslide..................................................... 416. Landslide Map of India.................................................................................... 427. Vulnerability of villages towards floods........................................................... 448. Flood Map of India ......................................................................................... 459. Wind & Cyclone map of Arunachal Pradesh................................................... 47


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Glossary of TermsDisaster A catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence in any area, arising from

natural or manmade causes, or by accident or negligence which results in

substantial loss of human suffering or damage to, and destruction of, property, or

damage to, and degradation of environment, and is of such a nature or magnitude as

to be beyond the coping capacity of the community of the affected area.

Disaster Management A continuous and integrated process of planning, organizing, coordinating and

implementing measures which are necessary or expedient for prevention of danger

or threat of any disaster; mitigation or reduction of risk of any disaster or its

severity or consequences; capacity building; preparedness to deal with any disaster;

prompt response to any threatening disaster situation or disaster; assessing the

severity or magnitude of effects of any disaster; evacuation, rescue and relief; and

rehabilitation and reconstruction.

Earthquake An earthquake is a series of vibrations on the earth’s surface caused by the

generation of elastic (seismic) waves due to sudden rupture within the earth during

release of accumulated strain energy.

Elements at Risk The population, properties, economic activities, including public services etc. at risk

in a given area.

Flood A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land which is usually dry. Flooding

may occur as an overflow of water from water bodies, such as a river, lake, or

ocean, in which the water overtops or breaks levees, resulting in some of that water

escaping its usual boundaries

Flashflood Sudden cloud burst resulting in the overflow beyond the normal capacity of streams

thrust the side wall of channel or intense rainfall occurring over a short period of

time- as is seen during cloud bursts can cause flash floods resulting in down ward

flow of copious amount of water within a short duration.

Hazard A threatening event or the probability of occurrence of a potentially damaging

phenomenon (e.g., an earthquake, cyclonic storm or a large flood) within a given

time period and area.

High Risk Areas Geographical areas which fall under seismic zones III, IV and V, which are

vulnerable to potential impact of earthquakes, landslides, rock falls or mudflows.

Local Authority It includes panchayati raj institutions, municipalities, a district board, cantonment

board, town planning authority or Zilla Parishad or any other body or authority, by

whatever name called, for the time being invested by laws, for rendering essential

services or, with the control & management of civic services, within a specified

local area.

Mitigation Measures aimed at reducing the risk, impact or effects of a disaster or threatening

disaster situation.


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Non-Structural Measures Non-engineered measures to reduce or avoid possible impacts of hazards such as

education, training, capacity development, public awareness, communication etc.

Preparedness The state of readiness to deal with a threatening disaster situation or disaster and

the effects thereof.

Prevention Measure taken to avert a disaster from occurring, if possible (to impede a hazard so

that it does not have any harmful effects).

Resilience The capacity of a system to tolerate perturbation or disturbances without collapsing

into a qualitatively different state, to withstand shock and rebuild when necessary.

Risk The expected number of lives lost, persons injured, damage to property and

disruption of economic activity due to a particular natural phenomenon.

Risk Assessment The determination of the nature and extent of risk by analyzing potential hazards

and evaluating existing conditions of vulnerability that could pose a potential threat

or harm to people, property, livelihoods, and the environment.

Risk Management The systematic process of using administrative decisions, organization, operational

skills, and capacities to implement policies, strategies, and coping capacity of the

society and communities to lessen the impact of hazards.

Relief Immediate measures that are required in search and rescue of survivors, as well to

meet the basic needs for shelter, water, food and health care. (short term) (definition

by ADPC)

or

Refers to the process of responding to a catastrophic situation, providing

humanitarian aid to persons and communities who have suffered from some form of

disaster. (from New world encyclopedia)

Rescue An attempt or to save someone from a dangerous or unpleasant situation/ disaster

Rehabilitation Actions taken in the aftermath of a disaster to; assist victims to repair their

dwellings; re-establish essential services; revive key economic and social activities

Restoration Long term measure to repair or replace damaged dwellings and infrastructure and

to set the economy back on course.

Rapid Visual Screening

(RVS)

Rapid Visual Screening is a procedure requiring visual evaluation to assess the

vulnerability of buildings, by permitting vulnerability assessment based on walk

around of the building by a trained evaluator. The evaluation procedure and system

is compatible with GIS-based city database and also permits use of the collected

building information for a variety of other planning and mitigation purposes.

Seismic Hazard Seismic hazard in context of engineering design is defined as the predicted level of

ground acceleration which would be exceeded with 10% probability at the site

under construction due to occurrence of earthquake anywhere in the region, in the

next 50 years.

Specific Risk The expected degree of loss due to particular natural phenomenon.

Seismic Retrofitting The structural modifications to upgrade the strength, ductility and energy

dissipating ability of seismically deficient or earthquake damaged structures.


Seismic Strengthening The process of enhancing the strength of existing structures to make them resistant

to seismic activity, ground motion or soil failure due to earthquakes.

Siltation Increase in concentration and or of deposition of water-borne silt in a body of water like

river/ lake etc which is generally not desirable.

State Authority (SDMA) The State Disaster Management Authority established under sub-section (I) of the

section 14 of DM Act, 2005 and includes the Disaster Management Authority for the

Union Territory constituted under that section.

State Government The Department of the Government of the state having administrative control of the

Disaster Management and includes Administrator of the Union Territory appointed

by the President under article 239 of the Constitution.

Structural Measures Any physical construction to reduce or avoid possible impacts of hazards, which

include engineering measures and construction of hazard-resistant and protective

structures and infrastructure.

Vulnerability The degree of loss to a given element at risk or set of such elements resulting from

the occurrence of a natural phenomenon (or manmade) of a given magnitude and

expressed on a scale from 0(no damage) to 1(total loss).

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ARUNACHAL PRADESHPhone : (O)0360-2212341

2212173Fax:0360-2291365

Date : 12th August,2019

Pema KhanduChief Minister FOREWORD

The State Disaster Management Plan has been prepared in the context of vulnerabilities and isbased on the factors like ever growing population, rapid urbanization, development within high riskzones, environment degradation, climate change, state and national security, economy and sustainabledevelopment.

Arunachal Pradesh, due to its geographical location is vulnerable to various natural calamitieslike earthquake, flood/flash flood, landslide, hailstones/high speed wind, drought like situation, soil/embankment erosion, cloud burst etc. There are multiple High Risk Multi Hazard Zones across theState. Apart from these natural hazards, the cultural and traditional lifestyle of the people of the Statealso makes them susceptible to various man-made hazards such as fire accidents due to fire-proneindigenous thatched house and Forest fires due to traditional way of Jhum Cultivation.

The State Disaster Management Plan of Arunachal Pradesh takes into account the mutli-hazard vulnerability of the State and the global trend of disaster management. The plan pursues tofacilitate execution of activities for prevention and preparedness, cooperation and coordination amongall the stakeholders of the community. In order to prepare the Plan, the existing system has beenstudied; the prevailing documents and various stakeholders were consulted.

For this plan to be successful & far-reaching, it requires sincere cooperation between thevarious stakeholders which includes various Department/Agencies of State Govt. and Community.This will be a step towards constructing a society where Disaster Management is a culture, a habit andan essence of our daily lives so that we are able to present our next generation a Disaster Friendly anda Disaster Resilient Society.

The framework of the plan is based on the paradigm shift in Disaster Management from arelief centric approach to a regime that anticipates the importance of preparedness, prevention andmitigation. The team has followed the National Disaster Management Authority guidelines forpreparing State Disaster Management Plan.

(Pema Khandu)

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Naresh KumarChief Secretary

GOVERNMENT OFARUNACHAL PRADESH

ITANAGAR-791 111

PREFACE

Arunachal Pradesh is prone to and has witnessed a recurring phenomenon of a diverse nature ofhazards/disasters such as landslides, flash floods, floods, cloud bursts, lightning & thunderstorms etc. TheState has also recorded major earthquakes in the year 1941, 1947 and 1950. Since the State is classifiedas Seismic Zone V region, the threat of yet another major earthquake looms. Further, unremitting andheavy rainfall in the state of Arunachal Pradesh has often proven to be calamitous to villages, towns andcities regardless of their location. Forest fire yet another disaster that threatens the scenic natural beautyof the State and causes extensive damage to flora and fauna.

Considering all the disaster events & their ill-effects, the state cannot afford to remain mutespectator during disasters and act only on after-disaster measures such as relief and rehabilitation. Weare all aware of the fact that occurrence of natural calamities cannot often be avoided and most of thetime cannot be predicted as well. However, the deleterious effect these have on the state can be largelyreduced. For this, the State needs to be more vigilant and take major corrective and suitable pre-disastermeasures such as awareness generation programmes for the public, children, and offices; conductregular mock exercises/drills and by applying a well organized standard operating procedure (SOP) forany kind of eventuality. A comprehensive and sustainable plan needs to be drawn up not just to reduce theimpact of disaster without compromising with the socio-economic development of the State.

The State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) has accordingly unfolded the State DisasterManagement Plan (SDMP-2019) with the above aim. A core group consisting of representatives fromCentral Government, other State Government and Scientific Institutions ahs been formed under theDepartment of Disaster Management, Arunachal Pradesh. Several consultative meetings/trainings/workshops have been held in order to achieve a more holistic attempt to develop such a plan. Throughsuch meetings/trainings/workshops, the SDMP is reviewed by exchanging experiences and ideas gained,identifying chasm and at the same time strictly following the guidelines set by the National DisasterManagement Authority for preparing State Disaster Management Plans.

This has led to the fruition of this new framework that encompasses a constant reality check onthe ground and all possible eventualities that mitigates the damage through regular sustainable solutions.The Plan finalized thus, was approved by the Government of Arunachal Pradesh.

As is evident, this plan is an outcome of the collective effort of the experts Scientists andTechnocrats etc. SDMP has been put in place to ensure participation of all Stakeholders, Officers andOfficials of Govt. and representatives of Civil societies in unison as members of "Team Arunachal". Withthe main objective of strengthening the resolve of the State to be fully prepared, for any onslaught ofDisaster. Pre-Disaster preparedness and mitigation-centric approach is the need of the hour. Once insti-tutionalized they stay etched in the minds of the civil administration and society, thus habituating them toapply their presence of mind and follow the laid down drill whenever required.

Naresh Kumar IASChief Secretary

0360 : 2212595/2212540(Off)0360 : 2212446(Fax)


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Prologue

The State of Arunachal Pradesh has such a composite geographic condition that it is vulnerableto various natural calamities; moreover the state climatic condition provides spaces for variousmulti-hazards events. Disaster risks are further compounded by increasing vulnerabilities due to evergrowing population, rapid urbanization & development activities, environmental degradation, climaticchanges etc.

Natural calamities are a natural phenomenon and cannot be prevented from occurring but withproper planning and knowledge one can minimize its effect. In this context, the Arunachal PradeshState Disaster Management Plan-2019 has been prepared with a participatory approach involving allstakeholders to strengthen the vision of the State Government for more pro-active pre-disasterpreparedness and mitigation-centric approach.

While the plan provides much clarity and a sound framework, only when all stakeholders worktogether as a team will it be possible to realize our goals towards a disaster resilient Arunachal Pradeshby significantly reducing disaster risk and improving our preparedness.

Hence, it would be appreciated if the efforts made in the State Disaster Management Plan-2019 can be replicated or implemented by various stakeholders for a Disaster resilient ArunachalPradesh.

(Bidol Tayeng)Secretary (DM)

Bidol TayengSecretary (DM)

Govt. of Arunachal PradeshDepartment of Disaster Management

Itanagar - 791 111


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DirectorDisaster Management

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This is to express my sincere gratitude to all concerned for their cooperation and supportin the extensive effort that went in to the updation of the State Disaster Management Plan(SDMP)-2019 by the Department of Disaster Management.

Sincere gratitude to the Chief Secretary-cum-Chairman, State Executive Committee andSecretary, Disaster Management, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh, Itanagar for their continuousguidance and support while preparing State Disaster Management Plan-2019.

The Department would like to extend heartfelt gratitude for the support andcontribution to all Deputy Commissioners, Addl. Deputy Commissioners, Head of Departments,other Stakeholders of the State and Central Government Departments and Institutes.

The Department believes that the efforts made by the Department in framing the SDMP-2019 would help other Departments and Stakeholders to effectively deal with the disasters in aholistic approach- at all levels.

Last but not the least, this is to extend heartfelt appreciation to all the officers and staffof the Department of Disaster Management for their contribution in preparing the StateDisaster Management Plan-2019.

(Kanto Danggen)

Kanto Danggen


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Core Group for preparation of State Disaster Management Plan-2019

1. Chief Secretary, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh2. Secretary, Disaster Management, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh3. Director, Disaster Management, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh4. Deputy Director, Disaster Management, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh5. Project Officer, Disaster Management6. Staff, DM Cell, Directorate of Disaster Management


Abbreviation

ASHA Accredited Social Health ActivistAPSDMA Arunachal Pradesh State Disaster Management AuthorityATIs Administrative Training InstitutesBDO Block Development OfficerBDMC Block Disaster Management CommitteeBMTPC Building Materials & Technology Promotion CouncilCBDM Community Based Disaster ManagementCBOs Community Based OrganisationsCHC Community Health CentreCMO Chief Medical OfficerCO Circle OfficerCSCs Community Service CentresCWC Central Water CommissionDCG District Crisis GroupDEA Department of Economic AffairsDEOC District Emergency Operation CentreDM Disaster ManagementDM ACT, 2005 Disaster Management Act, 2005DMO District Medical OfficerEOC Emergency Operations CentreFMD Foot and Mouth DiseaseGIS Geographic Information SystemGoAP Government of Arunachal PradeshGoI Government of IndiaHPC High Powered CommitteeHRD Human Resource DevelopmentHR Human ResourcesIEC Information Education CommunicationIMD India Meteorological DepartmentIT Information TechnologyMFRs Medical First RespondersMHA Ministry of Home AffairsMIS Management Information SystemMoA Ministry of AgricultureMoC & F Ministry of Chemicals and FertilizersMoC & I Ministry of Commerce and Industries

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MoEF Ministry of Environment & ForestMoF Ministry of FinanceMoH & FW Ministry of Health & Family WelfareMo LE Ministry of Labour and EmploymentMo P & NG Ministry of Petroleum and Natural GasMo SRT & H Ministry of Shipping, Road Transport and HighwaysNCC National Cadet CorpsNCCF National Calamity Contingency FundNCDM National Committee on Disaster ManagementNDMA National Disaster Management AuthorityNDMRCs National Disaster Mitigation Resource CentresNDRF National Disaster Response ForceNDRF National Disaster Response FundNEFA North-East Frontier AgencyNERIST North-Eastern Regional Institute of Science & TechnologyNSS National Service SchemeNYK Nehru Yuva KendraNGOs Non-Governmental OrganisationsNBC Nuclear, Biological and ChemicalPCR Police Control RoomPHC Primary Health CentrePHE & WS Public Health Engineering & Water SupplyPRIs Panchayati Raj InstitutionsPPP Private Party in PartnershipRO Responsible OfficerRVS Rapid Visual ScreeningSCG State Crisis GroupSDMA State Disaster Management AuthoritySDRF State Disaster Response ForceSEC State Executive CommitteeSEOC State Emergency Operation CentreSIRD State Institute of Rural DevelopmentSOPs Standard Operating ProceduresSRSAC State Remote Sensing Application CentreULBs Urban Local Bodies


Introduction

Chapter 1

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Introduction

This plan will be known as "Arunachal Pradesh State Disaster Management Plan"- 2019 whichwill be applicable to the whole of the State of Arunachal Pradesh.

1.1 Vision

To organize, to strengthen and enhance the capabilities of all the stakeholders in the Stateenabling them immediately respond to disaster using their own available resources in minimizing theeffects/ impacts of disasters with optimum use of external aid or resources. There by achieving the aimof disaster resilient state.

1.2 THEMETo study the state's vulnerability to different kinds of disasters.The measures to be adopted for prevention and mitigation before, during & after disasters.The manner in which mitigation measures shall be integrated with development plans.The capacity building and preparedness measures to be taken.The roles and responsibilities of each Department of the Government of the State in relation tothe measures specified above.The roles and responsibilities of different Departments of the Government of the State inresponding to any threatening or disaster situation or disaster.Methodologies for the annual review and updating of the State Plan.Appropriate provisions for finance for the measures to tackle disaster/ capacity building to becarried out by the State Government.Availability to the Departments of the Government of the State and provision and methodologyof such Departments to draw up their own plans in accordance with the state plan.

1.3 OBJECTIVES

The objectives of the State Disaster Management Plan are to ensureInvolvement of all the stakeholders in the community in making disaster resilient State.To prepare the comprehensive plan on Prevention, Response and Recovery mechanism.To promote culture of Planning, Preparedness and Prevention rather than Rescue, Relief andRestoration.Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction in the developmental planning process.To create awareness among general masses on Disasters and analyze SWOT and strengthentheir capacity.To capacitate the community in mitigation activities using their own available resources.


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To ensure efficient response and relief mechanism with special care to vulnerable sections ofthe society.To promote a culture of construction of safe building structures and habitat which are disasterresistantTo ensure transparent and full proof recovery/ rescue/ relief mechanism.

1.4 Trigger Mechanism

The plan would be put into action considering the situation prevailing at a given point of time asper the provision made vide section 2 (d) of the National Disaster Management Act, 2005..

1.5 Level of Disasters

L Concept has been developed to define different levels of disasters in order to facilitatethe responses and assistance to State and districts.

L0 level denotes normal time which will be utilized for close monitoring, documentation,prevention and preparatory activities. Training on search and rescue, rehearsals,evaluation and inventory up-dation for response activities will be carried out during thistime.

L1 level Specifies disaster that can be managed at the district level, however, the State andCenter will remain in readiness to provide assistance if needed.

L2 level Disaster situations are those, which require assistance and active participation of theState, mobilization of its resources for management of disasters.

L3 level Disaster situation is in case of large scale disaster where the State and DistrictAuthorities have been overwhelmed and require assistance from the Central forreinstating the State and district machinery as well as for rescue, relief, other responseand recovery measures. In most cases the scale and intensity of the disaster asdetermine by the concerned technical agencies like IMD are sufficient for thedeclaration the L3 disaster.

The partnership across authorities is to work collaboratively and ensure coordination andplanning at all times, information sharing and resource mobilization that are necessary for DM. In anyresponse situation, initial efforts would always be taken by the District Administration. However, whenDistrict is overwhelmed in any situation, the support necessarily has to come from the State andNational Level. Responsible Officer (RO) within the jurisdiction control will trigger the activation forvarious level of disaster.


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Figure 1. Over all Structure

Disaster Management (DM) Structure has to be established across the state of ArunachalPradesh (Local/District/State) along with creation of support structures such as Disaster ResponseInformation Centre, Emergency Operation Centres (EOCs), State Disaster Response Force (SDRF)among others, so as to conduct smooth operations at each Level of DM arrangements.

1.6 Plan Activation

The Disaster response teams will be activated on the receipt of disaster warning/ on theoccurrence of disaster. The occurrence of disaster may be reported by the concerned DDMA/ DEOC/monitoring agencies/ stakeholders to the SDMA/SEC/ SEOC/ Dept. of Disaster Management/ Nodal/Alternate Nodal officers by the fastest means. SDMA/ SEC/ SEOC will activate all departments foremergency response.

1.7 Stakeholders of the State Disaster Management Plan

The State Disaster Management Authority and the Department of Disaster Management arethe Nodal institutions in the State which deal with disaster management. All the major Line Depart-ments of the State Government, District Administration, technical institutions, community at large, localself governments (ULBs/PRIs etc), NGOs/CBOs etc. are the stakeholders of the State Disaster Man-agement Plan.

The role of the stakeholders have been prepared with the above objective to let the concernedorganizations understand their duties and responsibilities in respect to disaster management at all levelsensuring accomplishment of their respective tasks ( pre-during- after Disaster) as defined in the Plan

1.8 Roles and Responsibilities1.8.1 The State Government

Development of Capacity Building of the Institutions involved; Training of department officers/officials, members from the community and other stakeholders through a participatoryapproach in disaster management.Planning, Monitoring, Evaluation, capacity building, awareness generation etc.


Knowledge Networking and transfer, spread and adoption of improved and appropriatetechnology for disaster prevention, response and recovery.Review, modification and adoption of appropriate laws, rules, codes and other measures toimprove disaster management at all levels.Arranging resources from Central Government and sharing resources with neighboring andother states.Mainstreaming disaster risk reduction in all developmental activities/ planning process.Financial matters relating to disaster risk management.Building of Inventories.Initiating Community Awareness Programme; generating awareness through media and otherIEC strategies and workshops for all stakeholders.Effective early warning systems and its disseminations involving GIS, Remote sensing, ControlRoom, CWC, IMD etc.Documentation.Suspend operation of any executive order if such executive order prevents, hinders or delaysany necessary action in dealing with disaster.

1.9 Roles and Responsibilities at State Level

1.9.1 Arunachal Pradesh State Disaster Management Authority (APSDMA)

At the State level, the APSDMA, headed by the Chief Minister, is responsible for laying downpolicies and plans for DM in the state. It, inter alia approves the State Disaster Management Plan inaccordance with the guidelines, instructions, advice issued by Govt. of India, NDMA, supervise theimplementation of the State Disaster Management Plan, recommend disaster risk reduction measuresby the Line Departments and review the developmental plans of the Departments to build disasterresilient society, viz. laying of techno-legal regime and its compliance, integration of disaster resistanttechniques in the construction works, reviewing measures taken for disaster risk reduction andcapacity building by the Departments, taking up special projects/ plans at the community level toreduce its vulnerability.

1.9.2 State Executive Committee

The State Executive Committee (SEC) is constituted under the Chairmanship of the ChiefSecretary to the Government of Arunachal Pradesh to assist the Arunachal Pradesh State DisasterManagement Authority (APSDMA) in the performance of its function and coordinate action inaccordance with the guidelines and ensure the compliance of directions.

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1.10 Roles and Responsibilities at District Level

1.10.1 District Disaster Management Authority

The District Disaster Management Authority constituted for every district in the State is underthe Chairmanship of the Deputy Commissioner. The District Authority shall act as per the DisasterManagement Act 2005 in planning, coordinating and as the implementing body for DM and take allmeasures for the purposes of DM in the district as per the guidelines laid down by the National andState Authority.

The District Authority will prepare the District Disaster Management Plans, review capabilitiesand preparedness measures, give directions to the concerned Departments in the district, organize andcoordinate specialized training programmes for different level of officers, employees, voluntary rescueworkers including all stakeholders and take all such measures as may be appropriate for a holistic andpro-active approach to DM.

1.11 Roles and Responsibilities at Local Level

1.11.1 Local Authorities

Local authorities should include Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and Panchayati Raj Institutions(PRIs). These bodies will ensure capacity building of their personnel for managing disasters, carryingout relief, and rehabilitation and reconstruction activities in the affected areas immediately in plannedway and preparing DM Plans in consonance with guidelines of the NDMA, SDMA and DDMAs.

1.11.2 Public & Private Sector

The State Government would partner with public and private sectors to ensure their activeparticipation in the pre-disaster activities in alignment with the overall plan developed by the StateGovernment. They would need to be taken as joint partners in ensuring that all activities to build adisaster resistance/ resilient society in the state incorporating disaster resilient features and otherstatutory requirements under the DM Act 2005.

1.11.3 Community Groups and Voluntary Agencies

Local community groups and voluntary agencies including NGOs/CBOs to be taken as jointpartners in prevention and mitigation activities under the overall direction and supervision of the SDMA/DDMA. The trainings be professionalized and schedule be prepared with concerned Agencies.

1.12 Financial Arrangements:

An immediate response and recovery operation is carried out from State Disaster ResponseFund and from the State's own resources. As the State has very meager resource and so, the State hasto seek additional assistance from National Disaster Response Fund to address to the disaster.

- 29 -


The assistance, however, is very less when compared to the loss suffered. To make the effortsustainable, the following measures are proposed :

Allocate 5-10% of the normal developmental budget of the Departments for disastermanagement and mitigation activities for mainstreaming DRR in all developmental activities ofrespective Department. The Funds will be utilized by the concerned Department.Incorporate risk reduction measures in normal developmental plans.Undertake a budgetary exercise at the State Level to raise additional resources necessary forimprovement and modernizations of existing arrangements, training and important disastermanagement related activities which cannot be covered under normal budget.Draw up project proposals and mobilize additional resources from national and internationalagencies including the Central Government.To ensure the long-term sustenance and permanency of the organization, fund has to begenerated and deployed on an ongoing basis. There are different ways to raise the fund in theState as described below;

1.12.1 State Budget

The Authority has to propose/submit to the State Government for approval of a budget in theprescribed form for the next financial year, showing the estimated receipts and expenditure, and thesums which would be required from the State Government for Disaster Management during thatfinancial year.

As per the provisions of DM Act 2005, the Authority may accept grants, subventions,donations and gifts from the Central or State Government or a local authority or any individual or body,whether incorporated or not

1.12.2 State Disaster Response Fund

The SDRF fund to carry out emergency response & relief activities after any disaster as perthe recommendation of 13th FC is made available to the Department of Disaster Management,Government of Arunachal Pradesh on the basis of 90% Central Share and 10% State Share. The totalfund available for the State of Arunachal Pradesh for the year 2015-2020 is ̀ 2430.00 Crore out ofwhich the Central share was ̀ 1822.50 Crore and State share ̀ 607.50 Crore

1.12.3 Grant in aid

Further State may receive a grant in aid from Central Govt., World Bank and/or otherdepartments/agencies to carry out specific projects/schemes related to disaster management/mitigation/ capacity building

- 30 -


- 31 -

1.12.4 Partnerships

There are projects/schemes in which funding can be done by a public sector authority and aprivate party in partnership (also called on PPP mode funding). In this State Govt. along with Privateorganizations and with Central Govt. share their part.

1.12.5 Loan

Authority if needed may borrow money from the open market with prior approval of the StateGovernment to carry out disaster management activities as described in DM Act, 2005

1.13 Finance and Budgeting

Budget planning is a comprehensive exercise for annual financial planning. For DM, there canbe two categories of budget heads: (a) Line Department's own fund through various schemes andprogrammes (b) additional budget required particularly for DM activities. Following are the sourcesavailable (or to be tapped) for different components of disaster management.

Name Purpose Finance Arrangements

Activities that can be take

under scheme Nodal Agency

NDRF Relief Assistance

100% Central Govt

Cash and kind relief

SDMA/SEC/Department of DM/DDMA/ / Dist.Admn /Executing Agencies

SDRF Relief Assistance

90% Centre, 10% State

Cash and kind relief

SDMA/SEC/Department of DM/DDMA/ / Dist.Admn /Executing Agencies

Planning Commission (13 Finance commission) Year 2010-15

Capacity Building

100% Centre Training Awareness Generation IEC material Mock drills

SDMA/SEC/Department of DM/DDMA/ Dist.Admn /Executing Agencies

Line department funds

Preparedness and mitigation

Line department budgetary allocation

Activities falling in purview of departments for DRR, preparedness and mitigation

Line Departments/Dist.Admn

District Planning Fund

Any public works

MP and MLA aid and grants

Preparedness, Mitigation capacity building, recovery

District Authority, Local Bodies, Line departments


- 32 -

External Institutional Funding

Projects on DRR, Recovery, Mitigation and Preparedness

Total external or bilateral or multilateral arrangements

Infrastructure upgradation Technological interventions and technical studies DRR projects

SDMA/SEC/Department of DM/DDMA/ Dist.Admn/Executing Agencies

Donor Any DM activities

Total donation in cash and kind

Any DM activities

SDMA/SEC/DDMA/ Dist.Admn

CSR Corporate 3% of profit Any DM activities

SDMA/SEC/DDMA/Dist.Admn/GADA

Appeal Immediate relief

Fully or partially external funds

Immediate relief, reconstruction

SDMA/SEC/DDMA/Dist.Admn


Hazard, Risk, Vulnerability Profile ofArunachal Pradesh

Chapter 2


- 33 -

- 34 -

Hazard, Risk, Vulnerability Profile ofArunachal Pradesh

2.1 State Profile

Arunachal Pradesh attained its statehood on 20th February 1987. It is situated in the North-Eastern part of India with 83743 sq. kms area and has a long international border with Bhutan to thewest (160 km), China to the north and north-east (1,080 km) and Myanmar to the east (440 km). Itstretches from snow-capped mountains in the north to the plains of Brahmaputra valley in the south.

Arunachal is the largest state area-wise in the north-east region, even larger than Assam whichis the most populous. Till 1972, it was known as the North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA). It gainedthe Union Territory status on January 20, 1972 and was renamed as Arunachal Pradesh. It is situatedbetween latitude 26° 30' N and 29° 30 ' N and longitude 91° 30' E and 97° 30' E.

At present there are 25 Districts and 1 Capital Complex, 40 ADC HQ (Ind), 11 SDO HQ, 25EAC HQ 124 circles. Each district is under the administrative control of a Deputy Commissioner.Each Civil sub-division is under the control of an Additional Deputy Commissioner / Sub-DivisionalOfficer. There are 5589 nos. of villages (2011 census).

Table 1: Demography Profile

Source: Directorate of Economics & Statistics, GoAP

2.2 History of vulnerability of the state to the disasters of different types

The State is prone to disasters like earthquake, floods, storms, etc. The State witnessed majorearthquakes in 1941, 1947, 1950 and a number of subsequent earthquakes thereafter. Floods,Flashflood, Fire, Landslides, Mudslide, Erosions, Hailstones, Heavy Snow fall and High Speed wind/thunderstorm damages are recurrent phenomena. The State has witnessed major floods and flashfloods in year 1961, 1994, 2001, 2004, 2008, 2014 and flood/ flash floods are now becoming aregular annual phenomenon.


Population 13,83,727

Male 7,13,912

Female 6,69,815

Sex Ratio 938 females to 1000 males

Population density 17 persons per sq. km.

Decadal growth rate 26.03% (2001-2011)

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) 37

Effective literacy rate 66.95%

The State of Arunachal Pradesh is in the high rainfall zones of the world where it receives2500- 3000mm average annually. The Floods and landslides in the state are largely due to the prevail-ing hydro-metrological, geomorphologic and topographical features added by diminishing forest coverand it results in erosion of fertile agriculture/ horticulture fields.

Apart from this, entire state is categorized under highly active seismic zone V. The stateexperience tremors of minor magnitude every now and then, which results in loosening of soil andoccurrence of gaps in the hilly slopes and triggers landslide during rains.

- 35 -

Source: BMPTC, Vulnerability Atlas

Source: Office Records.

Table 3 : Loss of lives due to landslide / Flashflood / Flood.

Table 2 : Major Earthquakes in Arunachal Pradesh

Table 4 : Hazards and their Seasonality

Year Magnitude in Richter Scale

1906 7.0 1908 7.5 1941 6.8 1947 7.7 1950 8.7

Sl. No

Date Place Loss

1 1st May 2009 Naharlagun 4 lives lost

2 2010 State 44 lives lost









Sl. No. Nature of Hazard Season/ Period 1 Flood/ Flash flood March to October 2 Landslides March to October 3 Cyclone/ High Speed wind December to May 4 Earthquake Any time of the year 5 Drought subsequent to monsoon failure (to be notified as and

when required by the Department of Agriculture)

6 Epidemics Any time of the year and especial during monsoon period.

7 Fire Any time of the year but maximum during winter and dry spell.


- 36 -

Table 5 : Vulnerability of Districts to various natural disasters.


Sl. No.

Districts Vulnerability to

Earthquake

Vulnerability to Flood /

Flash Flood

Vulnerability to landslide

Vulnerability to Fire/

Forest Fire 1. Tawang Very High Very High Very High High

2. West Kameng Very High Very High Very High High

3. East Kameng Very High Very High Very High High

4. Papumpare

Urban

Rural

Very High Very High

Very High Very High

Very High Very High

High

High

5. Lower Subansiri Very High Very High Very High High

6. Kurung Kumey Very High Very High Very High High

7. Upper Subansiri Very High Very High Very High High

8. West Siang Very High Very High Very High High

9. Upper Siang Very High Very High Very High High

10. East Siang Very High Very High Very High High

11. Siang Very High Very High Very High High

12. Lower Dibang

valley

Very High Very High Very High High

13. Dibang Valley Very High Very High Very High High

14. Lohit Very High Very High Very High High

15. Namsai Very High Very High Very High High

16. Anjaw Very High Very High Very High High

17. Tirap Very High Very High Very High High

18. Changlang Very High Very High Very High High

19. Longding Very High Very High Very High High

20 Kra-Daadi Very High Very High Very High High

21 Namsai Very High Very High Very High High

22 Lower Siang Very High Very High Very High High

23 Shi Yomi Very High Very High Very High High

24 Pakke-Kessang Very High Very High Very High High

25 Leparada Very High Very High Very High High

- 37 -

Figure 2: Seismic epicentres map of Arunachal Pradesh and surrounding region (data period 1906 to 2003)

2.3 Hazard Risk assessment and vulnerability mapping

2.3.1 Vulnerability to Earth Quakes:

The country has been divided into four zones and as per the seismic zoning map of India andthe entire state of Arunachal Pradesh falls in Seismic Zone V. This because of the fact that the Indianplate is still sub-ducting under Eurasian plate and due to this a fold was created. The Arunachal Pradeshis situated within this fold under Main boundary thrust. The vulnerability to the earthquake is highbecause of :

(1) Poor housing/building constructions.(2) Poor socio-economic condition.(3) Poor literacy and education.(4) Poor communication.(5) Difficult topography.


- 38 -

Source: SRSAC, Itanagar

Source: IS 1893 (Part 1) : 2002 (BIS)

Figure 4 : Earthquake Vulnerability Map of India

Figure 3 : Vulnerability Profile of villages towards Earthquake

Vulnerability Profile (Earthquake) of Arunachal Pradesh

0

5 0

10 0

15 0

20 0

25 0

30 0

35 0

Tawang

W. K

ameng

E. Kameng

P.Pa re

Kurungkumey

L. Subansir

iU . S

uban

si ri

W. S

iangU . S

ia ngE . S

ia ng

L . Dib

ang V

a lley

D iban

g Va lle

y

L ohit

Anj awCh ang

lang

T irap

Dis tricts

Num

ber

of v

ulne

rabl

e vi

llage

ss Highly vuln erable Mod era tely vulnerable

Zone Magnitude

Zone V

Very High Risk Quakes of Magnitude 8 and greater

Zone IV

High Risk Quakes upto Magnitude 7.9

Zone III

Moderate Risk Quakes upto Magnitude 6.9

Zone II

Seismic Disturbances upto Magnitude 4.9


- 39 -

2.3.1.1 Vulnerability Analysis

The earthquake zonation maps have been prepared based on the methodology and the pa-rameters like available seismic information, structures including thrusts, faults and lineaments along withgeomorphology, the region has been classified into six (6) zones viz., Severe, Very High, High, Mod-erate, Low and Very Low zones.

Table 6: Earthquake Hazard Classification

The very high or severe zone is confined to the western portion of Upper Dibang Valley,southern part of East Siang district, northeastern part of Lohit, bordering area between Tirap andChanglang districts in the west and isolated patch in the central part of Changlang district. All theseregions are in the close proximity of the major thrusts and fault zones indicating high quantum of energydissipation along the active tectonic regions especially the trans-Himalayan and Arakan Yoma belts.The areas are also more vulnerable because of the highly fragile sedimentary lithostratigraphy, whichfurther enhances the disastrous effect of the tectonic event.

Sl. No.

Earthquake Hazard zone Remarks

1 Severe The area is totally unstable, energy dissipation is rapid, slope failures are very common and massive disasters result instantaneously. An unsafe zone. The high intensity earthquakes can result in land slumps, which block the main drain courses. This blockage during monsoon can result in accumulation of huge quantity of water on the upstream side that can be broached any time leading to flash floods as was experienced during 1950 and 2001, in Siang & Subansiri rivers.

2 Very High High risk zone since the area is relatively unstable. Energy dissipation is slightly less due to the increasing distance from the epicenter, slope failures are common, sudden and the results are large scale disasters.

3 High Slightly lesser than Very High due to increasing distance from the Epicenter

4 Moderate A moderate risk zone since the seismic waves have to travel greater distance, due to the dissipation of the energy along the passage and the reduction of the effect considerably resulting in the area becoming moderately stable

5 Low Area is reasonably stable. With the increased distance of travel, seismic waves lose energy and capacity to cause destruction. In this zone, tremors are felt but the vulnerability is far less. Gravity action is dominant, disaster is not common and the risk factor is far less.

6 Very Low The risk is almost nil as the effects of earthquake tremors are barely perceptible due to the total energy dissipation. Very less hazardous effect can be expected or perceived in this zone.


- 40 -

The High hazard zone is strongest covering the entire district of Lower Dibang Valley. Thevulnerability of the district becomes more pronounced because of its close proximity to or the succes-sor of the severe hazard zone. Since the energy dissipation takes place more pronouncedly in this zone,the after effects are felt or experienced to the highest here. The waves propagated discharge their loadmostly in this zone, it is more susceptible for post event destruction. Isolated patches of smaller dimen-sion of this zone are also noticed in the southwestern part of Anjaw district, northeastern part of Lohitdistrict, northern portion of Tirap district, Southwestern part of Changlang and northern part of EastSiang districts.

The moderate hazard zone is the region which generally does not experience the catastrophiceffect of the natural hazard as it occupies further outward areas of the energy dissipation and wavepropagation (lesser energy levels). The moderate effects of the tremors felt in the region may disturbthe weaker constructions or structures, generally will not be a witness to the huge destructions. In theeastern half of state, western half of the Lohit, a long and linear strip of moderate width running north-west- southeast in Upper Dibang Valley and Anjaw districts, a east-west running strip covering parts ofChanglang and Tirap districts, eastern portion of Changlang and isolated smaller patches in UpperSiang district are located I in this zone.

The low hazard zone is the area where in the propagated waves have lost much of theirdestructive energy due to longer traverse from the source of emergence. The energy dissipation is verylow and as a result, the destruction due to the earthquake is very minimal. Since it is a no risk zone, nostrong effect of the tectonic event can been seen or felt. This area is more pronounced away from thedominant tectono-geodynamic region. Areas classified under this category are observed as a longnarrow strip running northwest-southeast in the eastern half of Upper Dibang Valley and adjoiningAnjaw districts, isolated patches in southern Lohit, southeastern part of Changlang and an arcuate beltwith predominant east-west trend in Tirap district.

The Very Low hazard zone covers the area where no effect of the tectonic event is felt except-ing some minor tremors some times. Otherwise it is the safest region. The secure regions are located allalong the eastern border along China in eastern part covering Upper Dibang Valley and Anjaw dis-tricts. Isolated patches of smaller dimensions are also seen in southeastern Changlang district alongMyanmar border. This essentially also indicates the buffering effect the Arakan Yoma belt has as far asthe energy dissipation is concerned and the restriction of prolonged outward propagation.

2.3.2 Vulnerability to Land Slides:

Landslides are caused by a number of reasons like geology, climate and human activity likebuilding construction, Road cutting Dam construction etc. further; Vulnerability is increased due toJhumming Practices in the state. The landslides in the state are common during Monsoon season. Dueto heavy down pour almost all the districts remains cut off during rainy season


Figure : 5 Vulnerability of Villages towards Landslide


- 41 -

V uln e ra b ility P ro f ile (L a n ds lide ) o f A run a c ha l P ra de s h

0

5 0

1 0 0

1 5 0

2 0 0

2 5 0

3 0 0

3 5 0

Ta w

ang

W. K

a me n g

E. K

a me n g

P . Pa r e

Ku r u

n g k u me y

L . Su b a n s ir

iU

. Su b an

siri

W. S

ian g

U. S

i an g

E. S

ian g

L. D

iba n g V

a ll ey

Dib

ang V

a lley

L o h it

An j a

wC

h a n g l an g

T i rap

D is tr i c ts

Nu

mb

er o

f v

uln

era

ble

vil

lag

es

H i g h ly v u l n e ra b le M o d e ra t e ly v u l n e ra b le


Considering all the parameters like Slope percentage, Slope facets, Rainfall, Lithology,Vegetative cover, hydro geomorphology, Landuse/ land cover, Structures, available Seismic informa-tion and Anthropogenic activity like settlement and development of roads etc., the region has beenclassified into five (5) zones viz., Very High, High, Moderate, Low and very Low zones.


Source: http://www.csre.iitb.ac.in/rn/resume/landslide/disastrous.htm

Figure : 6 Landslide Map of India

- 42 -


Table 7 : Landslide Hazard Classification

- 43 -

2.3.3 Vulnerability to floods/ Flash Flood:

Damages due to floods/ flash floods are caused mainly by the heavy downpour of rain. FlashFlood occurs in different parts of the State due to heavy rainfall and the impact is being accelerated dueto hilly topography. The various factors which contribute to the high degree of vulnerability anddamages in the State during floods are:

Sl. No

Landslide Hazard Zone

Remarks

1 Very High The cumulative weightages are more than 9.0 and are a very high risk zone

as the slope is more than 500 and is totally unstable. Since the gravitational

pull is along the slope direction or the hypotenuse, slope failure is very

common, instantaneous and results in huge disasters.

The hazardous effects due to slumping are a devastating and hence, it is a

very high risky or totally unsafe zone.

2 High The cumulative weightages ranging between 7.1 to 9.0 and are a high risk

zone as the slope range is 25-50% and is unstable. Since the gravitational

pull is away from the center of the base, slope failure becomes very common

and results in disasters. It is risky or non-saferzone.

3 Moderate The cumulative weightages ranging between 5.1 and 7.0 and are a moderate

risk zone as the slope range is 15-25 % and is moderately stable. The

hazardous effects due to slumping are a possibility and hence it is a

relatively safer zone to certain extent.

4 Low The cumulative weightages range from 3.1 to 5.0 and is again a low risk

zone as the slope range is 5- 15% and is reasonably stable. Since the gravity

action is more dominant, slope failure is not common and cannot result in

disasters. Hence, the hazardous effects due to slumping are remote and hence

are a safe zone.

5 Very Low cumulative weightages ranges up to 3.0 and it is the no risk zone as the

effect of sliding is barely perceptible due to the slope stability or this zone

has very gentle to gentle slope and does not yield to slope failure. No

hazardous effect can be expected in this zone.


- 44 -

Figure : 7 Vulnerability of Villages towards Flood



The historical information (past) on floods drawn from the topomaps and the ones of recentpast delineated from the satellite data along with the all the causative parameters have been taken intoaccount while preparing the flood hazard zone maps. However, due to non-availability of 1m contourmaps, the flood prone zones delineated are classified as under, by interpolating the contours.

Severe - 0 - 5mVery High - 5 - 10mHigh - 10 - 20mModerate - 20 - 40mLow - 40 - 80m

a) Poor socio-economic condition of the majority of population living in the plain belts and thelocal economy being primarily dependent on the monsoon paddy.

b) Poor infra-structure and weak mud houses.c) Very little or no forest covers in the flood prone areas.d) Sudden cloud burst results in the overflow beyond the normal capacity of streams thrust the

side wall of channel.

Vulnerability Profile (Flood) of Arunachal Pradesh

01020

3040506070

8090

100110

Tawang

W. Kam

engE. K

ameng

P.PareKuru

ngkumey

L. Suban

siriU. S

ubansir

iW. S

iang

U. Sian

gE. S

iang

L. Dibang

Valley

Dibang Valle

y

Lohit

Anjaw

Changlan

g

Tirap

Districts

Num

ber

of

vuln

erab

le v

illag

es

Highly vulnerable Moderately vulnerable


Figure : 8 : Flood Map of India

- 45 -


2.3.4 Flood Hazard Zone

However, intense rainfall occurring over a short period of time- as is seen during cloud burstscan cause flash floods resulting in down ward flow of copious amount of water within a short duration.Huge mass movement during a landslide can choke the drainage lines and block the drain course.During monsoon this choking of drain lines results in with holding enormous quantity of water, whichwhen out grows with holding capacity result in breaching of such barriers and cause intense flash floodsdownstream. Snow melts during summer sometimes can be blocked by the debris deposited by themoraines in some valleys. Such blockage when breached has the potential of resulting in flash floods.But proven instances are very rare.

Table 8 : Flood Hazard Classification

2.3.5 Vulnerability to cyclones/ wind:

Cyclones affect various parts of the State particularly during April-May every year. A windhazard map is at given below. The various factors contributing to high degree of vulnerability includepoor socio economic conditions, weak housing, etc.

- 46 -


Sl.

No

Flood Hazard

Zone

Remarks

1 1 Severe (0-5m) This zone normally found in the plain areas in the lower reaches. The areas

under these zones will be affected quite frequently. Since this land is more

suitable for agricultural activity, crop loss will be there when flood happens.

2 Very High (5-

10m)

This zone is also unsafe as far as flood is concerned when sudden intense

rainfall or cloud burst occurs; the rainfall reaches the lower reaches in the plain

regions, inter-montane valleys and valleys in the hilly regions within no time.

3 High (10-20m) This zone is normally found in the hilly areas, however this zone was also

delineated in plain areas to show the area of lateral spread along the rivers

when a flood of higher magnitude occurs.

4 Moderate (20-

40m)

These are the areas which are likely to be affected when there is rise of 20-40m

in the river. The areas which are above 40m in the plains regions are

considered to be safe.

5 Low (40-80m) These are confined to hilly regions only. 80m in river bed level is considered to

include possible flash floods due to sudden cloud burst or other reasons. The

areas which are above 80m in the plain regions are considered to be safe.


- 47 -

Figure : 9 Wind and Cyclone Map of Arunachal Pradesh

Arunachal Pradesh Wind & Cyclone Zones

Source: BMPTC

2.4 Fire hazards/ accidents:

Fire service setup in any area is mainly based on population, response time and risk hazardanalysis. In the absence of risk hazard analysis, it would be improper to decide on the specific andspecial equipment required at a particular fire station. It should be based on a correct assessment of thepossible and potential extent of damage if the fire services do not have the concerned special equip-ment. There are however, a certain set of equipment, which each fire station should mandatorily have.The plan also needs to be constantly reviewed on the basis of growing hazards and thus needs to bedynamic

Fire accidents are quite common, especially in rural areas because of the following factors

a) Individual housing with roof of thatch/grass/leaves and storage of straw/ hay in close proximityof the house

b) Lack of availability of adequate water and nil or poor equipments for firefighting especially inrural areas and small towns.

c) Lack of awareness of basic does and don'ts when people live in houses that uses inflammablematerials

d) Human error or carelessness


- 48 -

2.4.1 Fire hazard response and mitigation plan

1. Background of the city/ region

City overview - population, density, land use, type of buildings, roads and accessibility;Infrastructure, health care system, business and industrial locations, schools, educationalinstitutions, and other land use, etc. Classify the vulnerable assets, people, housing and criticalinfrastructure; andResource and institutions - public and private that can help and support the fire hazardresponse system

2. Planning process, response and mitigation strategy

* Goals, objectives and potential actions should be clearly spelt out in the plan;* Identify hazards by collecting historical hazard information (both natural and manmade);* Risk and vulnerability assessment - identification of city specific hazards and assessment of

risks involved (vulnerability analysis); and* Assess own assets and capabilities - (administrative, financial, technical, regulatory, legal) and

determine how the ULBs / fire services need to address the requirements.

3. Identification of resource

* Identify role of the government departments, existing institutions, expert agencies, NGOs, etc.along with their capacity assessment;

* Identify key stakeholders in the community and surrounding areas;* Organize resources - identify hazard mitigation teams, agencies, community members;* Decide stages / steps for implementation of plan - key stages, actors, public participation-

training and capacity building, Public outreach & sensitization plan, involvement andparticipation of the community and role of ward committee and area Sabhas/ Panchayats etc.;

* Review and incorporation of future developmental plans of the city and other information;* Preventive actions - property and natural resource protection techniques and strategies,

appropriate equipment and facilities of their own at large colonies and high rise buildings, likewater, fire extinguishers, escape routes, etc., public information and awareness plans andactions required;

* Potential impact and damages - social, economical and environmental; and* Use of GIS for planning.


- 49 -

4. Evaluation and monitoring

For making the plan dynamic, integration of the community, continuous evaluation andmonitoring is necessary. In towns interaction with the municipal council and in villages with thePRIs will prove very helpful. The plans should be discussed with them and suggestionsobtained should be incorporated from time to time. Surprise mock exercises for fireemergencies will greatly help in evaluating and monitoring of the plan.

2.5 Climate Change

Main characteristics of climate change include rising temperatures, changes in rainfall pattern,melting of glaciers and sea ice, sea level rise and an increased intensity and/or frequency of extremeevents. These changes in physical processes have impacts on biological and socio-economic factorssuch as: shifts in crop growing seasons; changes in disease vectors; increased rates of extinction ofmany species; severe water shortages; and heavy deluges and flooding. The north-eastern region ofIndia is expected to be highly prone to the consequences to climate change. The annual mean maxi-mum temperatures in the region are rising at the rate of +0.11°C per decade. The annual mean tem-peratures are also increasing at a rate of 0.04°C per decade in the region.

Extreme precipitation events (heavy rain storm, cloud burst) may have their own impacts onthe fragile geomorphology of the Himalayan part of the Brahmaputra basin causing more widespreadlandslides and soil erosion. The response of hydrologic systems, erosion processes, and sedimentationin the Himalayan river basins could alter significantly due to climate change. Glacial recession is alsolinked to increased sediment load in rivers. A number of major flash floods have occurred in thisdecade due to heavy rainstorms or cloud bursts in the state or in the upper catchments of the rivers.

One of the recent studies evaluates the possible impacts of climate change on water resourcesof the river basins in India (Climate change impact assessment of water resources of India, A. K.Gosain, Sandhya Rao and Anamika Arora, Current Science, Vol. 101, No. 3, 10 August 2011). Thereport mentions majority of the river systems show increase in precipitation at the basin level. OnlyBrahmaputra, Cauvery and Pennar show marginal decrease in precipitation under Mid Century (MC)scenario.

More rigorous studies are required at regional scale to ascertain intraregional trends in tem-perature and rainfall in this part of India.

As a result of global warming, glaciers in the Himalayas are retreating at an average rate of15m/year, consistent with the rapid warming recorded at Himalayan climate stations since the 1970s.The mainstream of the Brahmaputra River (known as the Yarlung Jhangbo in Tibet, China) and some ofits tributaries like the Subansiri is partly fed by snow-melt run-off in the trans- Himalayan and Hima-layan parts of their basins


- 50 -

Recession of glaciers caused by climate change have created more glacial lakes in the Nepal,Bhutan and Tibet Himalayas and increasing glacial lake outburst floods (GLOF) have caused moreflash flooding in the Greater Himalayan Region in recent times.

2.6 DeforestationOver half of the world's forest has been destroyed in the last 10000 or so year, the majority of

this loss has occurred in the last 50 years, occurring simultaneously with a massive increase in thehuman population. The incredible scale of this loss has led to significant changes throughout many partsof the world, and in recent years these changes have been accelerating. These changes include: largescale extinction events, desertification, climatic changes, top soil loss, flooding, famine, disease out-breaks and insect 'plagues', among others.

2.7 Biological Disaster

The concept of 'contagion' developed and the earliest societies devised methods and systemsthat could contain the spread of such diseases to ensure a reasonable level of health for the populace.The spread of agriculture and domestication of animals led to economic development and the realiza-tion that diseases affecting crops and livestock could also affect the well-being of human societies asthey became more complex, and populations increased. The increase of population also resulted in thecongregation of a large number of susceptible people in limited spaces. The larger communitiesbecame vulnerable to food supply and trans-species migration of infectious agents. As a Result thelarge scale epidemics leading to economic disasters. Similarly, large scale loss of livestock or cropsalso resulted in destruction of the social fabric.

Apart from the biological disaster of natural origin, the extension of human activity and itscontact with a hitherto localized microbial environment introduces novel pathogens (Nipah, Hendra,Ebola, Marburg and Lassa fever viruses). In the case of HIV, a sporadically occurring phenomenon-that of transmission of virus from chimpanzee to man-became a pandemic and has since the largestepidemic in history. Human conflict resulting in large scale population movement, breakdown of socialstructures and contact with alien groups has always generated a large number of infections. Further, theintroduction of a communicable disease in the enemy camp has been exercised by military command-ers from earliest times.

Whether naturally acquired or artificially introduced, highly virulent agents have the potential ofinfecting large numbers of susceptible individuals and in some cases establishing infectious chains. Thepotential of some infectious agents is nearly as great as that of nuclear weapons and, are therefore,included in the triad of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD): Nuclear, Biological and Chemical(NBC).

2.7.1 Management of Biological Disaster:At State LevelThe State Disaster Management Authority is vested with the powers for Planning, Preparedness,

Mitigation and Response to disaster events, including biological disasters, in the State


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The State Authority will issue necessary instructions to the Health Department. The State HealthDepartment is the nodal agency responsible for planning and to be in a state of preparedness includingcapacity development in terms of surveillance, early detection, rapid response and containment of anyoutbreak

In case of a Bioterrorist attack, epidemiological clues have to be delineated to establish thenature of the attack. The State Health Department will prepare Standard Operation Procedures (SOPs)in instituting the public health response. In crisis situations, the State Health Department has to deputeRRTs, conduct clinical and epidemiological investigations, and institute public health measures tocontain the outbreak.

At District Level

District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) is the Authority to Plan and execute theDisaster Management programme at the District level. Under DMO/ CMO there are programmeOfficers for immunization, TB and Malaria. Under the IDSP, a surveillance/ IDSP Officer at the Districtlevel in envisaged. The peripheral units that provide preventive and promotive health care are thePHCs and sub-centres. The preparedness measures, of which surveillance is the major functionalcomponent, is being supported under IDSP.

All the major outbreaks, man-made or natural, if not detected early and contained, spread andsoon go beyond the coping ability of the District Administration, requiring support from the State/Centre. The primary health care system has to play a crucial role in detecting the early warning signs.The village health functionaries/ workers [ASHA/ Anganwadi Worker/ ANM/ Multi-Purpose Worker(MPW)] interface with the community and are advantageously placed to report public health events tothe Sub-centres and PHCs

The District Health setup includes District Hospitals, Sub-district hospitals, CHCs and PHCs.The Public health support is provided by the District Health Officer and other Officers related to publichealth work such as the immunization Officer and District TB Officers for TB and malaria. The PHCsand CHCs will conduct house to house surveillance, provision of safe drinking water through chlorina-tion, vector control measures, mass chemoprophylaxis, sanitation measures, home care or referral ofcritical patients. The DMO/ CMO will mobilizes medical Officers from PHCs supported by healthworkers from CHCs for field work. The teams are constituted usually on population norms, coveringthe entire affected area. Reinforcement, if required, are arranged by the State Government from otherDistricts, Medical Colleges and from Central Government.

At Local Level

The local Disaster Management Committee (Village DM Committee) is expected to be trainedand empowered as first responders. Anganwadi workers/ ASHA/ Auxillary Nurse Midwife (ANM) ofthe village/ sub-centre will keep a watch on disease outbreaks and accordingly notify the Healthcentres.


Urban Municipal corporations and councils look after public health, hospital services, drinkingwater, sanitation, disposal of dead bodies, and other civic functions related to health.

2.8 Chemical Disaster:

There has been a paradigm shift in the Government's focus from its rescue, relief and restora-tion-centric approach to a planning, prevention/ mitigation and preparedness approach. It has beenrealized that effective Chemical Disaster Management (CDM) is possible by the adoption of preven-tive and mitigation strategies as most chemical disasters are preventable in comparison to natural disas-ters that are difficult to predict and prevent. There are large quantities of chemicals are stored/ pro-cessed in industries that are located in densely populated areas. Inappropriate and haphazard con-struction and the lack of awareness and preparedness on the part of the community further enhancetheir vulnerability

2.8.1 Sources of Chemical Disasters:

2.8.1.1 Chemical accidents may originate in:

a. Manufacturing and formulation installations including during commissioning and processoperations; maintenance and disposal.

b. Material handling and storage in manufacturing facilities, and isolated storages; warehousesand godowns including tank farms in ports and docks and fuel depots.

c. Transportation (road, rail, air, water and pipelines).

2.8.1.2 Causative factors leading to Chemical Disasters are:

i. Fire.ii. Explosion.iii. Toxic release.iv. Poisoning.v. Combinations of the above.

2.8.2 Management of Chemical Disasters:

Enforcement and monitoring of chemical safety and emergency Management involves variouscentral/state ministries/departments viz. MHA, MoEF, MoLE, MoA, MoP & NG, MoC & F, MoSRT& H, MoC & I, DEA, and MoF etc. The MoLE, MoEF and MoSRT & H are responsible forenacting regulations.

2.8.2.1 At the State Level

At the State level, the State Crisis Group (SCG) under the Chairmanship of Chief Secretarywill be the apex body to deal with major chemical accidents and to provide expert guidance forhandling them along with the line departments viz; Forest & Environment, Industries & Mines, Home,Police, Health & Family Welfare, PHE & WS etc.

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2.8.2.2 At the District Level

At the District level, the District Crisis Group (DCG) under the Chairmanship of Deputy Com-missioner will be the apex body to deal with major chemical accidents and to provide expert guidancefor handling them. All the line Departments will assist the DCG.

2.9 Nuclear & Radiological Disasters

Nuclear Disaster is a situation, where chances of receiving any early warning are very low. Insuch a situation where no early warning signals are available, the primary objective of the triggermechanism shall be to mount immediate isolation.

2.9.1 Response Mechanism

Response measures are those which are taken instantly prior to, and following, a Nuclear &Radiological emergency aimed at limiting injuries, loss of life and damage to property and the environ-ment and rescuing those who are affected or likely to be affected by it.

National Executive Committee (NEC) will ensure that the functions and responsibilities of thenuclear facility operators and response organisations are clearly defined and understood by all stake-holders. The MHA and the NEC will also determine the actions that need to be performed by eachorganisation during an emergency and whether it has the necessary resources and capabilities neededfor the purpose. The advice of NCMC will also be sought in this matter.

2.10 Management of Livestock Disasters

The Livestock revolution provides a significant opportunity for livestock farmers in the poorerregions to partake in economic activity and may provide a way for many of them to escape poverty.However, for this to occur there is need for an increase in the quantity and quality of animal productsfor trade at the local level and for a significant improvement in the livestock sector complying with therules of international trade in animals and its products. In our country not only do livestock providemilk, meat, draught power, transport, manure, hides, wool, etc, but animals also provide a relativelysafe investment option and give the owner social security.

2.10.1 Risk and Vulnerability Assessment

Disasters that could lead to an emergency situation in the animal husbandry sector may ariseprimarily due to the following four categories of risks:

(a) Natural disasters: Flood, drought, cyclone, tsunami, earthquake, etc


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(b) Infectious diseases: Zoonotic and non zoonotic.(c) Fodder poisoning.(d) Miscellaneous: War (conventional war, BW or BT).

(a) Natural Disasters

India is vulnerable to most types of natural disasters and its vulnerability varies from region toregion and a large part of the country is exposed to these natural hazards which often turn into disas-ters, causing a significant disruption of the social and economic life of communities arising from the lossof life and property, including livestock. The risk factors required to be included in the risk assessmentanalysis with respect to a group of natural disasters are listed below:

i) Cyclic Drought and Faminea. Breeding capacity.b. Fertility.c. Pregnancy and lactation.d. Population drift due to

- Heavy economic losses- Scarcity of feed and fodder

ii) Tsunami, heavy snowfall and rain, flood

a. High mortality rate among livestock due to drowning (generally they are not set free to move tohighland areas, making them vulnerable to the situation).

b. Unavailability of clean drinking water.c. Outbreak of diseases due to improper disposal of carcasses.d. d. Public health problems.

iii) Earthquakea. Injured livestock lead to problems of their maintenance.b. Death or desperation of the owners leads to neglect of the livestock thereby increasing the

indirect losses.

The above factors will be used to define the steps of risk and vulnerability assessment. Themajor recommendations for district/state authorities include:

i) Development of 'multi-hazard' risk and vulnerability mapping of the districts.ii) Development of demographic maps of areas with dense/scarce population of livestock.iii) Other factors that compound/reduce the contained risk, including variable climatic conditions

and availability of medical logistics.

(b) Infectious Diseases

Emergency animal diseases are not always the same as exotic or foreign animal diseases.Outbreaks of infectious diseases are of many types:


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i) Any unusual outbreak of an endemic disease in exponential frequency causing significant changein the epidemiological pattern of that particular disease.

ii) The appearance of a previously unknown disease in a particular region.iii) Animal health emergencies caused due to non-disease events, for example, a major chemical

residue problem in livestock or a food safety problem such as hemorrhagic uraemic syndromein humans caused by the contamination of animal products by verotoxic strains of E. coli

iv) Deliberate introduction of exotic micro organisms in a targeted region.

(c) Fodder Poisoning

In order to keep a check on such cases, awareness among the local community must becreated so that they take proper care of their animals and prevent them from eating poisonous toxicmaterials. Based on the above approach, the following activities will be undertaken:

i) Listing of the various poisonous materials, including braken fern, Lantana camara, parthenium,rati (Abrus prectorus), dhatura (thorn apple), kaner (oleandar); cyanogenic plants like immaturemaize, sorghum banchari, cereal affected with egrot, India pea; nitrate and nitrite containingplants, etc.; and the measures to prevent the availability of such materials to livestock

ii) Exotic/cross breeds are more susceptible to damage under drought conditions than indigenousbreeds. Livestock owners will be made aware of how to take proper care of these exotic/cross breeds

iii) Certain areas will be demarcated for fodder production, especially of Crassulacean AcidMetabolism (CAM) varieties of plants, particularly in desert areas. Pastures should also bedeveloped for migratory sheep and goat and clean grain made available for pigs and poultry

(d) Miscellaneous: War (conventional war, BW or BT ….. Trans-boundary Animal Diseases)

TADs are a major cause of economic losses to the livestock industry and are those infectiousdiseases which could spread fast and have the potential to cause considerable mortality or losses inproductivity. TADs have the capability to seriously affect earnings from export of livestock or its products.

A TAD epidemic such as avian influenza (bird flu) or FMD has the same characteristics asother natural disasters-it is often a sudden and unexpected event, has the potential to cause majorsocio-economic consequences of national dimensions and even threaten food security, may endangerhuman life, and requires a rapid national level response. The following diseases are of immenseimportance from both animal husbandry and public health perspectives:

i. Non-zoonotic diseasesa. FMD*b. Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR)*c. Rinderpestd. Vesicular stomatitis


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e. African Swine Fever (ASF)f. Classical Swine Fever (CSF)*g. Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP)

ii. Diseases with known zoonotic potentiala. Anthrax*b. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)c. Brucellosis (B. melitensis)*d. Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fevere. Ebola virusf. Food-borne diseasesg. Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI)*h. Japanese encephalitis*i. Marburg hemorrhagic feverj. New World screwwormk. Nipah virusl. Old World screwwormm. Q fevern. Rabies*o. Sheep pox*/goat pox*p. Tularemiaq. Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitisr. West Nile virus(* indicates presence of the disease in India)

2.10.2 Livestock Management during Disasters

The following preparations are essential for management of animals during disasters:

i. Development of flood, cyclone and other natural calamity warning systems. In principle, anEarly Warning System would make it possible to avoid many adverse economic and humancosts that arise due to the destruction of livestock resources every year. Reliable forecastingwould also allow state governments to undertake more efficient relief interventions. Othertools that may provide early warning signals include field monitoring and remote sensingsystems. Ideally, field monitoring should provide monthly flows of information on theavailability of water and the general state of crop and livestock production. Useful productionparameters include marketing trends, particularly the balance of trade between livestock andgrain foods, and anthropomorphic measures such as the mean arm circumference of childrenunder five. Remote sensing, which relies on imagery satellites, is a valuable tool when used inconjunction with field monitoring. These tools will be integrated to develop an effective EWS.


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ii. Establishment of fodder banks at the village level for storage of fodder in the form of bales andblocks for feeding animals during drought and other natural calamities is an integral part ofdisaster mitigation. The fodder bank must be established at a secure highland that may not beeasily affected by a natural calamity. A few fodder banks will be developed as closed facilitiesto prevent them from getting contaminated.

iii. Supply of feed ingredients at nominal cost from the Food Corporation of India: Most grainrations for cattle and sheep provide enough protein to maintain a satisfactory 10-12% level.But when we feed livestock in emergency situations-mostly low-protein materials such asground ear corn, grain straws or grass straws-a protein supplement is needed. Adequatereserves as per the availability of resources will be developed.

iv. Conservation of monsoon grasses in the form of hay and silage during the flush season greatlyhelp in supplementing shortage of fodder during emergencies such as drought or flood. Theobjective is to preserve forage resources for the dry season (hot regions) or for winter(temperate regions) in order to ensure continuous, regular feed for livestock. It is an importantdisaster mitigation strategy.

v. Development of existing degraded grazing lands by perennial grasses and legumes. As amajority of the population in drought prone areas depends on land-based activities like cropfarming and animal husbandry, the core task for development will be to promote rational utilisationof land for supplementing fodder requirements during emergencies.

vi. Provision of free movement of animals for grazing from affected states to the unaffectedreduces pressure on pastures and also facilitates early rehabilitation of the affected livestock.In emergency situations, the presence of livestock can exacerbate conflict when refugees withanimals compete for reduced forage and water resources. To prevent this, what is technicallyknown as emergency destocking programme, will be instituted. This programme provides forthe intentional removal of animals from a region before they die.

vii. Treatment and vaccination of animals against contagious diseases in flood affected areas.Routine prophylactic vaccination of livestock in flood-prone area significantly reduces theseverity of the post-disaster outbreak of any endemic diseases. Since animals affected byfloods are prone to pick up infectious diseases, vaccination and veterinary camps will be set upto treat and immunize livestock against various diseases. The creation of a community basedanimal health care delivery system may significantly reduce livestock deaths in a region. Vacci-nation programmes and primary animal health care will prevent some of the drastic lossesassociated with the onset of rains.

viii. Provision of compensation on account of distressed sale of animals and economic losses tofarmers due to death or injury of livestock. Compensation for animals and other propertyaffected by an emergency due to an animal disease outbreak is an integral part of the strategyfor eradicating or controlling disease. A legislation that provides the power to destroy livestockand property, and ultimately determines the process, by which compensation is to be paid, willbe enacted and implemented by the respective legislative bodies.


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A legislation that provides the power to destroy livestock and property, and ultimately deter-mines the process by which compensation is to be paid, will be enacted and implemented bythe respective legislative bodies.

2.10.3 Disposal of Dead Animals during Disasters

Carcasses can be a hazard to the environment and other animals and require special handling.To minimize soil or water contamination and the risk of spreading diseases, guidelines for propercarcass disposal must be followed. Disposal options include calling a licensed collector to removedead stock or burial in an approved animal disposal pit. Alternatives include incineration and burial.Burial avoids air contamination associated with burning carcasses and is economical. Since the heat inthe pile eliminates most pathogens, burial can also improve the biosecurity of farming operations.

A plan for the disposal of dead livestock should address selection of the most appropriate sitein each village or cluster of villages for burial or burning, disinfection process, provision of costs forburial or burning, material and equipment required for burial and burning, etc. A guideline for disposalof livestock is provided for reference (Annexure).

2.10.4 Steps for Prevention, Mitigation and Preparedness

DM plans at all levels will include the following important measures:

i. Public awareness about natural disasters that different regions and the country are most likelyto experience and their consequences on the livestock sector.

ii. Provisions to establish adequate facilities to predict and warn about the disasters periodically,including forecasting disease outbreaks. This could only be achieved by a well networkedsurveillance mechanism that proactively monitors emerging infections and epidemics.

iii. Development and implementation of relevant policies, procedures and legislation formanagement of disasters in the animal husbandry sector. The livestock health infrastructure inIndia, modeled to provide routine veterinary cover, needs reorganization in view of emergingepidemics/ challenges. The existing animal husbandry policies will be revisited and if required,modified to cater to changing realities.

iv. Mobilize the necessary resources, e.g., access to feed, water, health care, sanitation andshelter, which are all short-term measures. In the long term, resettlement programmes, psycho-social, economic and legal needs (e.g., counseling, documentation, insurance) are required tobe undertaken.

v. Another long-term strategy is required to readjust the livestock production system in thecountry from a biosecurity point of view so that in the event of the entry of any new, dangerouspathogen, the losses could be minimized by segregation.


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vi. Initiation of PPP in livestock emergency management, especially in the field of vaccineproduction, will go a long way in combating animal health emergencies of infectious origin.Similar partnership in feed manufacturing as well as livestock production will minimize thelosses due to other livestock emergencies.

vii. Commissioning of risk assessments on high-priority disease threats and subsequent identificationof those diseases whose occurrence would constitute a national emergency.

viii. Appointment of drafting teams for the preparation, monitoring and approval of contingencyplans. Implementation of simulation exercises to test and modify animal health emergency plansand preparedness are also necessary.

ix. Assessment of resource needs and planning for their provision during animal health emergencies.

x. Central/state governments will develop/ establish an adequate number of R&D and biosafetylaboratories in a phased manner for dealing with animal pathogens.

xi. A dedicated establishment, preferably under DADF, may be entrusted with the overallmonitoring of the national state of preparedness for animal health emergencies

xii. Development of active disease surveillance and epidemiological analysis capabilities andemergency reporting systems.

xiii. A computer-based national grid of surveillance and disease reporting should be developed fortimely detection and containment of any emergent epidemic.

xiv. A Psychosocial need of the population at Risk (Children/ women/ adolescent/ Disable/ aged)will be taken care by the concern Department/ Agencies.


Prevention and Mitigation Measures

Chapter 3

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Prevention and Mitigation Measures

3.1 Strategy

Policy framework on disaster management reflecting the holistic approach involvingprevention, mitigation and preparedness in pre-disaster phase.Creation of State Mitigation Fund on the lines of National Mitigation Fund.Creation of awareness and mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction at all levelCreating awareness for improving preparedness amongst the communities, using variousmedia / medium, schools, other stakeholders etc.Appropriate amendments in the legislative and regulatory instruments along with strengtheningof the enforcement mechanisms at different levels.Capacity building at local and regional levels for undertaking rapid-assessment surveys andinvestigations of the nature and extent of damage in post disaster situationsConducting macro/ micro-zonation surveys.To ensure use of disaster resistant construction techniquesThe use of disaster resistant codes and guidelines related to disaster resistant construction in allsectors of the society Bye Law and through various incentives and disincentivesTo incorporate the study of disaster engineering subjects in architecture and engineeringcurriculaPsychosocial support into DRR activities, printing / development of IES materials on psycho-social support to create awareness, disaster management capacity building and trainings.To create a research oriented database on disasters and its impacts.To promote and encourage Research & Development activities.

3.2 Prevention and Mitigation measures

In the face of increasing menace of hazards, mitigation would remain the key and the mosteffective strategy to reduce the risks of these hazards. State has to decide its own mitigationstrategy according to its own risks, resources and capabilities. Broadly such strategieswould be twofold: structural and non-structural

i. Structural mitigation measures generally refer to capital investment on physical constructionsor other development works, which include engineering measures and construction of hazardresistant and protective structures and other protective infrastructure

ii. Non-structural measures refer to awareness and education, policies techno-legal systems andpractices, training, capacity development etc.

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3.3 Manmade Disaster

Manmade disasters are unpredictable and can spread across geographical boundaries. Somedisasters in this class are entirely manmade while other may occur because of natural disasters, equip-ment failures, or workers are under trained, ill equipped, less qualified or over worked resulting intotechnical errors/ accidents.

Technological disasters include a broad range of incidents. Routes of exposure through waterand food, airborne releases, fires and explosions, and hazardous materials or waste (e.g., chemical,biological, or radioactive) released into the environment from a fixed facility or during transport. Fires,explosions, building or bridge collapses, transportation crashes, dam or levee failures, nuclear reactoraccidents, and breaks in water, gas, or sewer lines are other examples of technological disasters

3.4 Natural Disasters

The State approach for disaster prevention and mitigation will be multi-hazard as it isvulnerable to all-major natural hazards such as Earthquake, Landslide/rockfall/mudslide/Flood/flashflood, Cyclone/high speed wind/thunderstorm/hailstorm/heavy snow/ fire /forest fire etc

There are several prevention/mitigation activities which will be common for natural hazards.The same are describe below. Hazard specific measures are mentioned thereafter in the chapter.

Table 9 : All Hazard structural & non structural measuresS.

No. Task Activities Responsibility

Structural Measure

1

Land use

planning

1. Land use planning of the State in view of

hazard, risk and vulnerability of the State

Dept. of Land

Management

Dept. of Town Planning

SRSAC

Line Dept.

District Admn.

1. To ensure development schemes of the State

are undertaken in view of hazard, risk,

vulnerability and micro-zonation

Dept. of State Planning.

Dept. of Land

management


Line Dept.

District Admn.


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2

Mainstreaming

Disaster

Management in

development

programmes

1. Ensure that each development programme

/scheme in the State should be

sanctioned/undertaken only if it meets the

requirement of disaster management

Dept. of State Planning

Dept. of Finance

All Dept.

SDMA and District

Administration.

2. Ensure the programme/ scheme/ project is

facilitated with the provision for adequate

funds of disaster management

3

Adoption of

new technology

1. Application of Science and technology and

engineering inputs to improve

infrastructures including dams and

reservoirs, building design, construction ,

etc.

Dept. of Science and

Technology.

SRSAC

SDMA

CWC

IMD

IT & E-governance

GSI

All Line Dept./Agencies.

District Admn.

4

Techno-legal

Regime

1. Review and revision of building by laws Dept. of Town Planning.

Dept. of UD & Housing

RD & Panchayat.

ULBs& PRIs.

SDMA

Line Deptt.

District Admn.

1. Review and revision of GDCR/CRZ etc.

2. Review and revision of town planning Act

& Rules

3. Ensure strict implementation of Code and

Rules

4. Monitoring of quality construction

5

Safety Audit

1. Carrying out structural safety audit of all

critical lifeline structures

SDMA

Dept. of Town Planning.


All Line Dept.

District Admn.

6

Capacity

Building

1. Construction/Strengthening of SEOC/

DEOC.

SDMA

Dept. of DM

DDMA

District Admn

ATI/ SIRD/

Dept./Agencies


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3.4.1 Earthquake

In most earthquakes, the collapse of structures like houses, schools, hospitals and public buildingsresults in the widespread loss of lives and damage. Past earthquakes show that over 95 per cent of thelives lost were due to the collapse of buildings which were not earthquake-resistant. In such situation,the losses can be reduced if all structures in earthquake-prone areas are built in accordance withearthquake-resistant construction techniques and by following the Building Bye Laws. The earthquakespecific mitigation activities are described below;

Non-Structural Measures 1. Planning 1 Prepare Multi hazard disaster management

plan

Prepare hazard wise contingency

planning

Ensure hazard wise Departmental

Disaster Management Plan and SOP.

Conduct mock drills at regular intervals

Update the plan as per the requirement

Monitor similar activities at district &

block level

SDMA/ SEC

Dept. of Home

Dept. of DM

All Dept.

ULBs/PRIs

DDMA / District Admn.

2 Capacity

Building

1. Develop multi-hazard IEC material for

Publication & Distribution

2. Media campaign for awareness generation in

general public

3. Organize training programmes, seminars and

workshops

4. Include disaster related topics in curriculum

5. Encourage disaster insurance

6. Encourage favorable taxation/ incentive

SDMA/SEC

Dept. of DM

All Dept.

DDMA/ District Admn.

3 Community

based Disaster

Management

1. Strengthening capacity of local self

government entities to understand local

vulnerability and risk, disaster prevention

needs, preparedness and response

capabilities through participatory approach

SDMA

Dept. of DM

DDMA/District Admn.

PRIs/ ULBs


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Table 10 : : Structural & Non-Structural MeasuresS.

No. Task Activities Responsibility

Structural Measures 1 Micro- zonation 1. To undertake micro zonation study according

to priority area 2. To provide or make available seismic micro-

zonation map 3. Provide vulnerability and risk assessment

map

SDMA SRSAC Dept of S & T. Dept. of Land Management Dept. of Town Planning Dept. of UD & Housing Dept. of Environment and Forests NERIST/RGU District Admn.

2

Earthquake Resistance Design for different earthquake zones

1. To develop earthquake resistant design features for the construction of public utility structures

1 To develop earthquake resistant design features for the construction of residential structures

2 To provide earthquake resistant design for incorporating in different types of structures to the line departments

SDMA /SEC Dept. of Town Planning Dept. of UD & Housing All Line Depts. NERIST DDMA/District Admn.

3 Retrofitting of existing structure

1. Create a database of existing structure in the State

A. Public B. Private 2. Identify the available resources 3. Identify structures that require retrofitting 4. Prepare a scheme/programme for retrofitting 5. Identification and removal of unsafe

buildings/structure

SDMA /SEC Dept. of Town Planning Dept. of UD & Housing All Engg Depts. NERIST DDMA/District Admn

4 Monitoring of seismic activities

1. Establish seismological network and round the clock monitoring

2. Dissemination of information and reporting 3. Conduct seismological research

SEOC/DEOC Dept. of IPR Dept of S & T Police Control Room All Deptt GSI GB Pant Institute of Himalayan Studies


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3.4.2 Flood / Flash Flood

Flood/ Flash flood being the most common natural disaster, people have, out of experience,devised many ways of coping with them. However, encroachments into the flood plains over the yearshave aggravated the flood problem and a need to take effective and sustained mitigation measures.Various measures, structural and non-structural, have been described below;

Table 11 : Structural & Non-Structural Measures

Non Structural Measures 1 Capacity

Building 1. Departmental earthquake contingency plan 2. Ensure earthquake related departmental action

plan and SOP 3. Include earthquake engineering topics in

curriculum 4. Provide professional training about earthquake

resistance construction to engineers and architects

5. Provide training to masons. 6. Encourage soil and material testing in

laboratories

SDMA/ SEC Dept. of DM Education & Technical Dept ATI/ SIRD DDMA/District Admn. SDRF/ Police All Deptt

2 Awareness 1 To disseminate earthquake risk to general public residing in earthquake prone zones

2 Campaign for Earthquake safety tips

SDMA/ DDMA Dept of DM Dept of IPR District Administration ATI/ SIRD

S. No. Task Activities Responsibility

Structural Measures 1 Construction 1. Improvement of design for irrigation and

flood protective structures

2. Construction of dams, flood protection wall,

flood diverting channels etc.

3. Strengthening/repair of existing roads and

bridges and other critical infrastructure in

flood plains.

4. Strengthening of dams and canals.

WRD

District Administration

Hydro-power

UD & Housing

Forest

All other Works Dept.


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2 Development of

catchment area

1. Development of catchment area of the flood

plain

Forestation

Land sloping

Small reservoirs/Check dams/ponds etc.

All Engineering Deptt

WRD

Dept. of Forest &

Environment/ SFRI

Agriculture/ Horticulture

PRIs/ ULBs

Distt Administration

3 Flood Proofing 1. Specific building by laws for flood plains WRD


All Line Dept.

4 Techno-legal

regime

1. Enactment and enforcement of laws

regulating developmental activities in flood

plain

SDMA/DDMA.

WRD


Dept. of Environment and

Forests

Dept. of Rural Development

All Line Depts.

District Admn

5 Forecasting and

Warning

1. Strengthening and Upgradation of existing

Flood forecasting system

2. Establish infrastructure for flood warning

and dissemination.

SDMA/DDMA

WRD

CWC

IMD

District Admn.

Non-Structural Measures

1 Capacity

building

1. Departmental flood contingency plan

2. Flood related departmental action plan and

SOP

3. Imparting training to the stakeholders

involved in flood mitigation and

management.

WRD

All Line Deptt

Dept. of DM

District. Admn.


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3.4.3 Landslide

Landslide also known as mud flows, debris flows, earth failures, slope failures etc can betriggered by rains, floods, earthquakes and other natural causes as well as human made causes leads tomassive destruction in state, need to take effective and sustained mitigation measures. Various mea-sures, structural and non-structural, have been described below;

Table 12 : Structural & Non-Structural Measures

S. No.

Task Activities Responsibility

Structural Measures 1

Hazard zonation

1. To undertake micro zonation study according

to priority area

2. To provide or make available landslide

micro-zonation map

3. Provide vulnerability and risk assessment

map

SDMA

SRSAC

Dept of Sc & T.

GSI

Dept.of UD & Housing

Dept.of Town Planning

PRIs/ ULBs

District Admn.

2 Awareness 1. Disseminate flood risk to general public

residing in flood prone zones

2. Campaign for Flood safety tips

SDMA/DDMA

WRD

IPR

CWC/IMD/ PHED

District Admn.

3 Review of rules Review of operational rules for reservoirs SDMA/DDMA

Hydro-Power

WRD

Dept.of Environment and

Forests

Dept. of Planning.

All Line Dept.

District Admn.


- 69 -

3.4.4 Urban Flooding

Urban flooding is significantly different from rural flooding as urbanization leads to developedcatchments, which increases the flood peaks from 1.8 to 8 times and flood volumes by upto 6 times.Consequently, flooding occurs very quickly due to faster flow times (in a matter of minutes). Urbanareas are densely populated and people living in vulnerable areas suffer due to flooding, sometimesresulting in loss of life. It is not only the event of flooding but the secondary effect of exposure toinfection also has its toll in terms of human suffering, loss of livelihood and, in extreme cases, loss of life.

Urban areas are also centres of economic activities with vital infrastructure which needs to beprotected 24x7. Therefore, management of urban flooding has to be accorded top priority.

2

Geological &

Geotechnical

Investigation

1. To carry out detailed geological & geo-

technical investigation on major landslide

SDMA/SEC

GSI

Line Depts./ agencies

DDMA/District Admn.

4 Landslide risk

treatment,

monitoring &

forecasting

1. Landslide remedial & improvement

techniques

2. Strengthening of buildings & safety of

critical facilities

3. Monitoring & early warning system

GSI

Dept of Sc & T

SRSAC

All Line Deptt/ Agencies

SEOC/ DEOC/Police

Control Room

District Admn.

Non Structural Measures

1 Capacity

Building

1. Departmental Landslide contingency plan

2. Ensure landslide related departmental action

plan and SOP

3. Provide training.

SDMA/SEC

GSI

All Line Dept/ agencies

ATI/ SIRD

District Admn.

2 Awareness 1. Awareness on landslide risk reduction

2. Community awareness and preparedness on

landslide

SDMA/ DDMA

GSI

Resource Institutes

All Line deptt/ agencies

ATI/ SIRD

District Admn.


S. No. Task Activities Responsibility

Structural Measures 1

Urban Design

1. All future roads and rail bridges in cities

crossing drains to be designed such that

they do not block the flows resulting in

backwater effect

2. All road re-leveling works or strengthening/

overlay works to be carried out by milling

the existing layers of the road so that the

road levels will not be allowed to increase

3. Ensure protecting of Water Bodies and its

restoration/ revival

4. Remove encroachments and take strict

action against the encroachers as per the

bye-laws/ regulations

SDMA



PRIs/ ULBs

District Admn.

2

Establishment of

Emergency

Operation Centre

1. Ensure round the clock operations of EOCs

during the flood season with adequate

manpower/ resources to respond urban

flood

SDMA/SEC


PRIs/ ULBs

DDMA/District Admn.

3 Hazard resistant

construction,

strengthening,

and retro-fitting

of all lifeline

structures and

critical

infrastructure

1. Collaboration with technical agencies and

implementation

Dept.of UD & Housing

PRIs/ ULBs

All Line Deptt/ Agencies

Room

District Admn.


- 70 -

Increasing trend of urban flooding is a universal phenomenon and poses a great challenge tourban planners. Problems associated with urban floods range from relatively localized incidents tomajor incidents, resulting in cities being inundated from hours to several days. Therefore, the impactcan also be widespread, including temporary relocation of people, damage to civic amenities,deterioration of water quality and risk of epidemics.

The Department of Urban Development & Housing and Town Planning should plan & prepareand mitigate urban flooding alongwith District Administration and othe line Deptt. like PWD, PHEDetc

Table 13: Urban Flooding


- 71 -

Non Structural Measures

1 Preparation of

comprehensive

Urban Storm

Drainage Desing

Mannual

(USDDM)

1. Take initiatives and collaborate with

central agencies

SDMA/SEC


PRIs/ ULBs


2 Preparation of

Storm Water

Drainage

System

Inventory

1. Coordinate with MoUD in preparing the

inventory through ULBs

SDMA/ DDMA


PRIs/ ULBs


District Admn.

3 Operation and

Maintenance of

Drainage

Systems

1. Adequate budget to be provided to take

care of the men, material, equipment and

machinery for operation and

maintenance of drainage systems on a

periodic basis

Deptt. of Finance/ Planning


PRIs/ ULBs


4 Environment

Impact

Assessment

1. To ensure strict compliance with the

guidelines


PRIs/ ULBs


5 Compliance of

Techno-Legal

Regime

1. To ensure strict compliance of Techno-

Legal Regime through ULBs


PRIs/ ULBs


6 Constitution of

Urban Flooding

Cell for

Integrated

UFDM

1. Nodal Department to constitute Urban

Flooding Cell at State level and a DM

Cell to be constituted at ULB level for

managing urban flooding at local level


PRIs/ ULBs


7 Public Private

Partnerships

1. Promote Public Private Partnership in

disaster management facilities


PRIs/ ULBs



- 72 -

3.5 Training Needs Analysis

Training Analysis is most often used as part of the system development process. Due to theclose tie between the design of the system and the training required, in most cases it runsalongside the development to capture the training requirements.

The training need analysis is done considering variable factors of intensity, affected populationand severity of damage need to be quickly assessed based on which government and non-government agencies can allocate and deploy relief. The training requirements would be basedon emergency response functions. Each Emergency Response Function [ERF] consists of subfunctions. The ERFs are:

o Coordination and Commando Source and Impact Controlo Population Careo Medical Careo Maintaining law and order

Capacity development of stakeholders shall be built across all mission streams and across allstakeholders. It involves development of a cadre of individuals across SDMA and StateDepartments, DDMA and agencies working/supporting the District Administration and theLocal Authority (including the PRIs, Urban Local Bodies).

Standardization of training is important and for this there is a need to develop target orientedcurriculum, conduct Training of Trainers (ToT), evaluation and certification (for select groupssay, Certification of masons in disaster resistant construction practices, Certification ofVolunteers in Search & Rescue/First-Aid). Reporting of training across the State should bemade available through the form of annual reportt.

Following key areas have been identified (for design and development of modules, implementtraining):

Earthquake resistant design for engineers and architectsSeismic strengthening and Retrofitting of buildings and infrastructureConstruction technology training for construction workers (masons, bar benders amongothers)Assessment of seismic safety of buildings and infrastructureDamage and Needs AssessmentSearch and Rescue & First AidFlood RescueMass Casualty ManagementTrauma ManagementHospital preparedness and Mass Casualty ManagementCollapsed Structure Search and Rescue and Medical First Response


- 73 -

Public Health in Emergencies (Safe drinking water and sanitation, Alternate waterresources identification during emergency conditions, Supply management)Procurement procedures for goods and services in emergency situationsShelter and Camp ManagementClimate Change and cross cutting themesGender issues in Disaster ManagementRole of PRIs and ULBs in DM (mainstreaming efforts in development planning)Preparation of DM Plan (Sector, Department, Administration, Unit Level - School,Hospital, Business establishment etc)Community Based Disaster PreparednessRole of Volunteers in Disaster Management

All the government line departments who have a stake in different phases of the disaster man-agement will have to identify their roles and carry out training need analysis of their personnel. The listof the Government Depts. is as under;

Table 14 : Training Needs Analysis

3.6 Incident Response System(IRS)

The Incident Response System (IRS) is an effective mechanism for reducing the scope for ad-hoc measures in response. It incorporates all the tasks that may be performed during DM irrespectiveof their level of complexity. It envisages a composite team with various Sections to attend to all thepossible response requirements. The IRS identifies and designates officers to perform various dutiesand get them trained in their respective roles. If IRS is put in place and stakeholders trained and madeaware of their roles, it will greatly help in reducing chaos and confusion during the response phase.Everyone will know what needs to be done, who will do it and who is in command, etc.

Task Activity Responsibility

Training Need

Analysis

Identification of roles and responsibilities of the

department in disaster management

SDMA/SEC

DDMA

Dept. of DM

All line Dept.

General Administration

NGOs & other organizations.

Public & Private sector.

ATI/SIRD/ PTC/ BHQ, Chimpu

District Admn.

Identification of stakeholders to carry out

department’s roles and responsibilities

To carry out training need analysis

Development of training design as per the

training need analysis

Arrangement for resources

Imparting training


- 74 -

IRS is a flexible system and all the Sections, Branches and Units need not be activated at the sametime. Various Sections, Branches and Units need to be activated only as and when they are required.

3.6.1 IRS Organisation

The IRS organisation functions through Incident Response Teams (IRTs) in the field. In linewith our administrative structure and DM Act 2005, Responsible Officers (ROs) have been desig-nated at the State and District level as overall in charge of the incident response management. The ROmay however delegate responsibilities to the Incident Commander (IC), who in turn will manage theincident through IRTs. The IRTs will be pre-designated at all levels; State, District, Sub-Division andTehsil/Block. On receipt of Early Warning, the RO will activate them. In case a disaster occurs withoutany warning, the local IRT will respond and contact RO for further support, if required. A NodalOfficer (NO) has to be designated for proper coordination between the District, State and Nationallevel in activating air support for response.

Apart from the RO and Nodal Officer (NO), the IRS has two main components; a) CommandStaff and b) General Staff. The structure is shown in Figure below :

3.6.2 Command Staff

The Command Staff consists of Incident Commander (IC), Information & Media Officer(IMO), Safety Officer (SO) and Liaison Officer (LO). They report directly to the IC and may haveassistants. The Command Staff may or may not have supporting organizations under them. The mainfunction of the Command Staff is to assist the IC in the discharge of his functions.


RESPONDING OFFICER

Nodal Officer(Air Operations) INCIDENT COMMANDER

Information & Media OfficerLiason Officer

Deputy

Safety Officer

Operation Section Planning Section Logistics SectionGENERAL

STAFF

COMMANDSTAFF

- 75 -

3.6.3 General Staff

The General Staff has three components which are as follows;

3.6.3.1 Operations Section (OS)

The OS is responsible for directing the required tactical actions to meet incident objectives.Management of disaster may not immediately require activation of Branch, Division and Group.Expansion of the OS depends on the enormity of the situation and number of different types and kindsof functional Groups required in the response management.

3.6.3.2 Planning Section (PS)

The PS is responsible for collection, evaluation and display of incident information, maintainingand tracking resources, preparing the Incident Action Plan (IAP) and other necessary incident relateddocumentation. They will assess the requirement of additional resources, propose from where it can bemobilized and keep IC informed. This Section also prepares the demobilization plan.

3.6.3.3 Logistics Section (LS)

The LS is responsible for providing facilities, services, materials, equipment and otherresources in support of the incident response. The Section Chief participates in development andimplementation of the IAP, activates and supervises Branches and Units of his section. In order toensure prompt and smooth procurement and supply of resources as per financial rules, the FinanceBranch has been included in the LS.

The Government of Arunachal Pradesh has notified Incident Response Teams at State leveland District Level dated 5th Sept, 2014


- 76 -

3.6.

3.3.

i. In

cide

nt R

espo

nse T

eam

Sta

te

RE

SPO

NSI

BL

E O

FFIC

ER

Chi

ef S

ecre

tary

DEP

UT

Y IN

CID

EN

T C

OM

MA

ND

ER

Secr

etar

y, D

isast

er M

anag

emen

t/Sec

reta

ry (

Hom

e)N

OD

AL

OFF

ICE

R (A

ir O

pera

tion)

Secr

etar

y, C

ivil

Avia

tion

INC

IDE

NT

CO

MM

AN

DE

RPr

l. Se

cret

ary,

Hom

e

Lia

ison

Off

icer

Dire

ctor

, DM

Info

rmat

ion

Off

icer

Dire

ctor

, IPR

Safe

ty O

ffic

erIG

P

Ope

ratio

n Se

ctio

n C

hief

IGP

of th

e co

ncer

ned

rang

ePl

anni

ng S

ectio

n C

hief

Secy

. DM

Log

istic

Sec

tion

Chi

efD

evel

opm

ent

Com

mis

sion

er S

ecre

tary

Pla

nnin

g

Stag

ing

Are

a M

anag

erC

omm

issio

ner

Secy

. PW

D

Res

cue

& R

espo

nse

Bra

nch

: IG

Pi.

Nat

iona

l Haz

ard

: Dire

ctor

, Fire

& E

mer

genc

y

Ser

vice

/Com

man

der S

DRF

ii.Ep

idem

ic &

Hea

lth H

azar

ds :

Dir.

Hea

lth

Ser

vice

siii

. Man

mad

e D

isas

ters

: D

IGP

Dir

ecto

r (G

eogr

aphi

cal)

Sing

le r

esou

rce

Task

For

ce/S

trik

e Te

am

Tran

spor

t Bra

nch

Com

m./S

ecy.

Tpt

Roa

d L

imit

Rai

l Uni

t

Wat

er U

nit

Air

Uni

t

Situ

atio

n U

nit

IGP/

Dy.

Dir

(DM

)

Res

ourc

e U

nit

Secy

. GA

/DA/

H&

FW

Doc

umen

tatio

n U

nit

Secy

. IPR

/PO

(DM

)

Dem

obili

zatio

n U

nit

Secy

. TPT

GM

Sta

teTr

ansp

ort/D

y.D

r.(A

DM

/DM

)

Serv

ice

Bra

nch

Hea

lth S

ervi

ce

Com

mun

icatio

nUni

tD

r. IP

R/SP

, Tele

com

& D

.D.D

M

Med

ical

Uni

tDi

rector

, Heal

th Se

rvices

Food

Uni

tD

ir. F&

C Su

pplie

s

Supp

ort B

ranc

hSe

cy.F

& C

Sup

plies

Res

ourc

ePr

ovis

ioni

ng u

nit

CE,

PW

D(E

Z/C

Z/W

Z) A

D (

DM

)

Faci

litie

s un

itCE

, Ele

ct. H

PD,

CE R

WD

Gro

und

Supp

ort U

nit

CE, P

HED

(EZ

CZ/

WZ)

& C

E, W

RD(E

Z W

Z)

Fina

nce

Bra

nch

Secy

. (Fi

nanc

e)

Tim

e U

nit

Jt. S

ecy.

Fin

/D

MO

(HQ

)C

ompe

nsat

ion u

nit

Jt. S

ecy.

Fin

/D

MO

(HQ

)

Proc

urem

ent

unit

Dy.

Sec

y. F

in/

DM

O(H

q)

Cos

t un

itD

y. S

ecy.

Fin

/PO

(Hq)

INC

IDEN

T R

ESPO

NSE

TEA

M-S

TATE

LEV

EL : A

RU

NA

CH

AL

PRA

DES

H


- 77 -

State level NotificationGOVERNMENT OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH

DEPTT. OF DISASTER MANAGEMENTITANAGAR

NOTIFICATIONNO. SEOC/DRR&DM-18/2009-10 Dated 5th Sept.2014

The Governor of Arunachal Pradesh is pleased to notify incident Response System Team for the State ofArunachal Pradesh at the State Level to respond to any major disaster in the State. The implementation/response underincident Response System will be taken at the State Level by the incident Response Team notified as follows :-

1. Responsible Officer : Chief Secretary, Govt. of A.P.2. Incident Commander : Prl. Secretary, Home3. Deputy Incident Commander : Secretary Disaster Management/Secretary(Home)4. Nodal Officer (Air Operation) : Secretary, Civil Aviation5. Safety Officer : IGP6. Liaison Officer : Director, DM7. Information & Media Officer : Director, IPR8. Operation Section Chief : IGP of the concerned range

a) Staging Area Manager : Commissioner / Secretary, PWDb) Rescue & Response Branch : Inspector General of Police

i. National Disaster : Director Fire & Emergency Services/Commandant SDRFii. Epidemic & Health Hazard : Director, Health Servicesiii. Manmade Disasters : DIGP

c) Transport Branch (Road) : Rail, Water & Air Unit) : Commissioner/Secretary, Transport

9. Planning Section Chief : Secretary, Disaster Managementa) Situation Unit : IGP /DD (DM)b) Resource Unit : Secretary, GA/DA/Health & Family Welfarec) Documentation Unit : Secretary, IPR/Project Officer(DM)d) Demobilization Unit : Secretary, TPT/GM State Transport/DD

(Adm), Disaster Management10. Logistic Section Chief : Development Commissioner/Secretary Planning

a) Service Branch : Secretary, Health Services & Family Welfarei. Communication Unit : Director, IPR/SP, Telecom & DD, DMii. Medical Unit : Director, Health Servicesiii. Food Unit : Director, Food & Civil Supplies

b) Support Branch : Secretary, Food & Civil Suppliesi. Resource Provisioning Unit : CE, PWD(EZ/CZ/WZ)/AD(DM)ii. Facilities Unit : CE, Elect/HPD/CE RWDiii. Ground Support Unit : CE, PHED(EZ/CZ/WZ) & CE, WRD

c) Finance Branch : Secretary, Financei. Time Unit : Joint Secretary, Finance/Disaster Management Officer(Hq)ii. Compensation Unit : Joint Secretary, Finance/Disaster Management Officer(Hq)iii. Procurement Unit : Dy. Secretary, Finance/Disaster Management Officer(Hq)iv. Cost Unit : Dy. Secretary, Finance/Project Office (DM)

The State Level Incident Response Team (IRT) will be activated by the Responsible Officer in the event ofany major disaster.

This will come into force with effect from the date of publication of this notification.

Chief SecretaryGovernment of Arunachal Pradesh

Itanagar


- 78 -

3.6.

3.3.

ii. I

ncid

ent R

espo

nse T

eam

Dist

rict

Lev

el

RE

SPO

NSI

BL

E O

FFIC

ER

Dep

uty

Com

misi

oner

DEP

UT

Y IN

CID

EN

T C

OM

MA

ND

ER

PD. D

RD

AIN

CID

EN

T C

OM

MA

ND

ER

Add

l.Dep

uty

Com

mis

sione

r

Lia

ison

Off

icer

DFO

& D

DM

OIn

form

atio

n O

ffic

erD

IPR

Safe

ty O

ffic

erSP

Ope

ratio

n Se

ctio

n C

hief

SPPl

anni

ng S

ectio

n C

hief

Secy

. DM

Log

istic

Sec

tion

Chi

efD

evel

opm

ent

Com

mis

sion

er S

ecre

tary

Pla

nnin

g

Stag

ing

Are

a M

anag

erEE

, PW

D/D

DSE

Res

cue

& R

espo

nse

Bra

nch

: IG

Pi.

Nat

iona

l Haz

ard

: Fire

Offi

cer

ii.Ep

idem

ic &

Hea

lth H

azar

ds :

DM

O

iii. M

anm

ade

Disa

sters

: D

y. SP

Div

isio

n (G

eogr

aphi

cal)

Sing

le r

esou

rce

Task

For

ce/S

trik

e Te

am

Tran

spor

t Bra

nch

DTO

/EA

C(M

V)

Roa

d L

imit

Rai

l Uni

t

Wat

er U

nit

Air

Uni

t

Situ

atio

n U

nit

EAC

/DD

MO

/OC

Polic

e St

atio

n

Res

ourc

e U

nit

DPO

/DH

O &

DA

O/M

O

Doc

umen

tatio

n U

nit

DIP

RO

/DD

MO

/D

IO(N

IC)

Dem

obili

zatio

n U

nit

SDO

(sad

ar)/

EAC

(Mv)

/Dy.

SP/

DD

MO

/DT

O-

Fore

man

Serv

ice

Bra

nch

EAC

, naz

aret

h

Com

mun

icatio

nUni

tD

IPR

O/D

DM

O/

DIO

NIC

Med

ical

Uni

tD

MO

Food

Uni

tD

F&C

SO

Supp

ort B

ranc

hSD

O, S

adar

/EA

C

Res

ourc

ePr

ovisi

onin

g un

itE

E,

PWD

Faci

litie

s un

itEE

, RW

D/E

lect

/H

PD

Gro

und

Supp

ort U

nit

EE, P

HED

/WRD

Fina

nce

Bra

nch

AD

C

Tim

e U

nit

EAC

,Jud

icia

l/DM

O

Com

pens

ation

uni

tD

DM

O/

EAC

,Jud

icia

l

Proc

urem

ent

unit

FAO

/DD

MO

Cos

t un

itT

reas

ury

Off

icer

/D

DM

O

INC

IDEN

T R

ESPO

NSE

TEA

M-D

ISTR

ICT

LEV

EL


- 79 -

District level Notification


3.7 Psychosocial Support and Mental Health Services (PSSMHS)

Disasters causes devastating effect on the human life, usually leaving a trail of human agonyincluding short and long term psychosocial trauma on the survivors. Generally in any response thephysical effects of survivors get immediate attention and psychosocial needs often given lessimportance if not intervened may lead to dysfunction and disability. Timely psycho-social support willprevent development of long term psychosocial problems and hasten the recovery of survivors. Over-all goal of psychosocial support intervention would be to enhance the coping and resiliency of thecommunity towards improving overall well being. Psychosocial Support and Mental Health Services(PSSMHS) is one of the important cross cutting areas of DM intervention. The plan for PSSMHSshall be a component of overall planning for disaster management with an aim of providing Psychoso-cial Support and Mental Health Services integrated with preparedness, response, mitigation, relief andrehabilitation. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoH&FW) is the Nodal Ministry. Theoverall plan for the PSSMHS will be developed by the Nodal Ministry; other Line Ministries mayprepare their plans based on the nodal ministries plans.

3.7.1 Preparedness Plan for Psychosocial Support and Mental Health Services (PSSMHS)

A) Short term Plan:PreparednessCapacity development

i) Sensitising and training (Basic and advance) on PSSMHS across identified departments,sectors and levels.

ii) Strengthening of the national, regional and nodal capacity building institutions and resourcecentres at district and state level.

iii) Developing PSSMHS needs assessment indicators and templates.iv) Strengthening of District Counselling Centres under Dept of Social welfare/ Women and Child

Development (WCD).v) Map vulnerable groups and accord priority in preparedness activities.vi) Strengthening the resource base and data management/documentation in PSSMHS.

Education & Training

i) Inclusion of Disaster PSSMHS in Post-Graduate Curriculum of Psychiatry, Psychology,Social Work, Disaster Management, Emergency Medicine and Health Education.

ii) Inclusion of PSSMHS in Under Graduate medical studies.iii) Integrating with all training programmes in the area of Psychology, Social Work, Mental Health,

Emergency Medical Response, Hospital Administration, Nursing and Paramedics.iv) Involve and train local community volunteers in basic psychosocial support.v) Mobilize trained psychosocial response teams national and state level.vi) Map vulnerable groups and accord priority in preparedness activities

- 80 -


Community Based Disaster Management

i) Inclusion in the CBDM Plan and training of Panchat Raj (PRI) team members.ii) Developing awareness materials for the community.iii) Evolve a mechanism for community outreach education programmes on PSSMHS

Networking, Awareness other Measures

i) Enhance the network of institutions working in the field of mental health, give focus for creatingPPP to augment the community resources.

ii) Take measures to increase public awareness about psychosocial care in disasters.iii) Integrating with all training programmes in the area of Psychology, Social Work, Mental Health,

Emergency Medical Response, Hospital Administration, Nursing and Paramedics.iv) Involve and train local community volunteers in basic psychosocial support.v) Mobilize trained psychosocial response teams national and state level.vi) Map vulnerable groups and accord priority in preparedness activities

B) Midterm Plan:i) Creation of core group of master trainers at district levelii) Strengthening public-private partnership in research & developmentiii) Formation of National PSSMHS resource Inventory under national Health Resource

Inventory Initiation of distance learning courses for sensitization across various categories ofdisaster management stakeholders.

iv) Development and standardization of uniform training packages for different designated targetgroups.

v) Initiation of distance learning courses for sensitization across different categories of disastermanagement stakeholders.

vi) Incorporation of PSSMHS trainings in DMHP, district health and hospital plans

C) Long term Plan:

i) Intensive Post Graduate / Post Graduate Diploma courses in PSSMHS.ii) Streamlining of institutions and their activities

- 81 -


Mainstreaming DM Concerns intoDevelopment Plans/Projects

Chapter 4

- 82 -


- 83 -

Mainstreaming DM Concerns intoDevelopment Plans/Projects

Mainstreaming disaster risk reduction into development planning has been a priority concernfor the State Government.Mainstreaming risk reduction should result in appropriate measures being taken to reducedisaster risk and ensure that development plans and programmes do not create new forms ofvulnerability.List of existing Government funded projects/ programmes/ schemes qualifying for themainstreaming should be given on line with DRR measures.In continuation with the efforts to integrate disaster management into development planningespecially for new projects that are under preparation stage, the Central Government hasrevised the formats for pre-approval from EFC (Expenditure Finance Committee) and forpreparing the DPR (Detailed Project Report) to address disaster management concerns.The Department of Finance and Planning will ensure that all Disaster Management measureshave been incorporated in all projects/ programme/ schemes of various Departments of theState.

To ensure the implementation of key areas, a check list for EFC format and the responsibledepartments are as shown below:

Table 15 : Expenditure Finance Committee (EFC) & Responsible DepttsTask Activity Responsibility

Mainstreaming

disaster

management into

development

planning

1. To ascertain whether project involve any creation/

modification of structural/ engineering assets

2. To ascertain the possible risks, likelihood and

impact from disasters due to the location of project

sites

3. To ascertain whether probable risks have been

prioritized and the mitigation measures being

contemplated, both structural and non-structural

measures

Planning/ Finance Deptt

All Departments.

-WRD

-Power

-PHED

-Health

-PWD

-Education

-UD


To ensure the implementation of key areas, a check list for DPR format and the responsibledepartments are as shown below:

Table 16: Detail Project Report (DPR) & Responsible Deptts

- 84 -

Task Activity Responsibility Mainstreaming

disaster

management into

development

planning

Impact Assessment of project (damage that can be

caused to the project by natural disasters, design of

the project that could accentuate the vulnerability of

the area to disasters and / or lead to rise in damage /

loss of lives, property, livelihood and surrounding

environment), checklist for natural disaster impact

assessment if given in Annexure 4

Risk assessment of project

Vulnerability assessment of project (Evaluation of

site with regards to parameters such as probable

maximum seismicity, probable maximum storm

surge, probable maximum wind speed, probable

maximum precipitation, probable maximum flood

discharge and level, soil liquefaction proneness under

probable earthquake intensities)

Planning & Finance

Deptt

All Deptts.

District Admn

To ensure proper

implementation of BIS

codes

-UD

-All Other Depts.

Dept. approving the

project:

-Administratively

-Financially

-Technically

To ensure proper

implementation of BIS

codes

SDMA

DDMA/District Admn.

Local bodies

4. To ascertain whether the design and engineering of

the structure has taken into consideration the

National Building Code 2005, the appropriate BIS

Codes, other applicable sources as per the type of

the project and the NDMA guidelines (List of

codes/guidelines for safety of building/structures

from natural hazards is given in annexure 2 & 3)

5. To ascertain whether the cost of disaster treatment/

mitigation measures been included in the overall

project cost

6. To ascertain whether the process of risk

assessment has been done based on available

information and secondary evidence

Task Activity Responsibility


- 85 -

Complacence of

land use management

Building Code

Building use regulation

Directives and Legislation

Maintenance requirement

Details about the location of the project, proneness of

the project area to various hazards and analysis of

impact on safety of the project.

Impact of the project on the environment and the surrounding population with respect to the type of the project and adoption of mitigation measures to reduce the impact of the same

Incorporate Psychosocial support into all Plans/ Projects/ Programmes with special reference to all health related program

Social welfare Deptt Health Deptt All line Deptt District Admn.

Task Activity Responsibility Mainstreaming Impact Assessment of project (damage that can be Planning & Finance


Preparedness Measures

Chapter 5

- 86 -


- 87 -

Preparedness Measures

5.1 Resource Availability

During past disaster, it has been observed that a comprehensive database of disaster manage-ment related inventory is essential for an organized response. More often than not, lack of proper andadequate information has hampered swift and measured response resulting in delay which could becritical in such eventualities. Therefore, a need was felt to prepare a database of such resources, fromVillage level to State level.

Table 17 : Resource AvailabilityTask Activity Responsibility

Resource Mapping 1. Identify available resources viz. Human, financial

and equipment for disaster management with

- State Level

- Dist. Level

- Block/ Sub-div level

- Village level

- Public sector

- Private sector

- Community level

2. Identification of gaps of resources as per the need

3. Process for procurement of lacking resources

All Deptt

District

Administration

DM Deptt.

DDMA/DEOC

To provide data to

SDMA/ SEOC

State disaster resource network

1. Collect and compile state resource information S&T Deptt.

All Deptts.

DM Deptt.

NIC/ DIOs

District Adm

2. Create GIS based state resource network and allot

unique username and password

3. Maintain GIS based state resource network

4. Regular updation of resource data

5.2 State Disaster Response Force (SDRF)

The State Government has notified two teams comprising of 47 personnel's each in a teamfrom IRBN & AAPBN under State Disaster Response Force. The Commandant 1AAPBn is theNodal officer for SDRF and is stationed at 1AAP Bn BHQ, Chimpu. Due to limited resources, SDRFis presently available at Capital Complex only.


- 88 -

5.3 India Disaster Resource Network (IDRN)

IDRN, a web based information system, is a platform for managing the inventory ofequipments, skilled human resources and critical supplies for emergency response. The primary focusis to enable the decision makers to find answers on availability of equipments and human resourcesrequired to combat any emergency situation. This database will also enable them to assess the level ofpreparedness for specific vulnerabilities.

Each user of all districts of the state has been given unique username and password throughwhich they can perform data entry, data up-dation on IDRN for resources available in their district.

The IDRN network has functionality of generating multiple query options based on the specificequipment, skilled human resources and critical supplies with their location and contact details

5.4 Resource Mobilization

The resources are managed and mobilized as per the Incident Response System guidelines.The available resources of Departments and District have been compiled separately in ResourceInventory Book-2014 which will be updated shortly.

5.5 Community based Disaster Management

Community is not only the victim but invariably the first responder in any disasterAny disaster revolves around the coping capacity of the communityTherefore, community should be closely associated with prevention, mitigation, preparedness,training, capacity building, response, relief, recovery i.e. short term and long term,rehabilitation and reconstruction.

Table 18: Community Based Disaster Management

Task

CommunityPreparedness

Activity

1. Selecting vulnerable community and mostvulnerable groups at risk (keep genderissues in mind)

2. Disseminate information about vulnerabilityand risk to the community

3. Promote local level disaster risk manage-ment planning through participatoryapproach

4. Advice and issue direction wherevernecessary for community disaster preven-tion, mitigation and preparedness throughlocal resources and participatory approach

Responsibility

All DepttAll Stakeholders


- 89 -

5.6 Training, capacity building and other proactive measures

Table 19: Training

Task

Training

Activity

1. Training to civil defense personal invarious aspect of disaster management

2. Training to home Guards personal invarious aspect of disaster managementincluding search and rescue

3. Training to NCC and NSS personal invarious aspect of disaster management

4. Training to educational and training institu-tions personal in various aspect of disastermanagement

5. Training to civil society, CBOs andcorporate entities in various aspect ofdisaster management

6. Training to fire and emergency servicepersonal in various aspect of disastermanagement

Responsibility

All Deptts/ Agencies

Institutions dealingwith the concerned sub-ject matters will pro-vide the training viz;NIDM, NDRF (Gwt),ATI, SIRD, PTC,Deptt of DM, all EnggDeptt and others.

Task Activity

5. Provide necessary resources and supportfor disaster risk reduction at communitylevel

6. Promote community managed implemen-tations

7. Review the preparedness at communitylevel

8. Take appropriate actions to enhancecommunity preparedness

9. Promote community education, awarenessand training

10. Ensure fail safe mechanism for timelydissemination of forecasting and warningof impending disaster to the community

11. Disseminate information to community todeal with any disaster situation

Responsibility


Task Activity

7. Training to police and traffic personal invarious aspect of disaster management

8. Training to State Disaster Response Force(SDRF) Teams in various aspect ofdisaster management

9. Training to media in various aspect ofdisaster management

10. Training to govt. officials in various aspectof disaster management

11. Training to engineers, architects, structuralengineers, builders and masons in variousaspect of disaster management

Responsibility

Table 20 : Awareness

Table 21 : Computer based programming

Task

Information educationAnd communication

Activity

1. Advertisement, hording, booklets, leaflets,banners, shake-table, demonstration, folkdancing and music, jokes, street play, exhi-bition, TV Spot, radio spot, audio-visual anddocumentary, school campaign,

- Planning and Design- Execution and Dissemination

Responsibility

SDMAAll DepttsDDMA/District Admn.IPR

Task

Develop database fordisaster management

Activity

1. Develop GIS based information system fordifferent sectors viz. Medical and health,civil supply, fire and emergency services,etc.* Collection of information* Generation of maps* Regular updation of data

2. Develop Flood Disaster ManagementInformation System* Development of software* Collection and Feeding of basic data* User's training* Regular updation of real-time data

Responsibility

All Deptts to providetheir data to SDMA/SEC/ DM Deptt.WRDGSISc & T DepttNIC/DIOsDDMA/District Admn

- 90 -


- 91 -

Task Activity

3. Create and disseminate database ofcontact details, resources, response agen-cies, NGOs, trained personnel, most vul-nerable groups, evacuation routes, availableshelters, relief centres, critical infrastruc-tures, storage godowns, etc.

* Regular review and updation of suchdatabases

Responsibility

Table 22 : Techno-legal Regime

Task

Institutional Arrange-ment

Activity

1. Creation of State Level Disaster Manage-ment Authority

2. Formation of DM policy, guidelines and Act.

3. Formulation of professional Civil EngineersAct.

4. Creation of regulatory body

5. Revision of General Development ControlRegulations (GDCR)

6. Emergency Medical Service Act- Creation of an Emergency Medical

Services Authority (EMSA)- Establish paramedic cadre through

training programmes and accredit / licensethem

- Impart training to manpower for emergencyservices

- Recognize and accredit trauma centres- Standardize and license ambulance services- Establish statewide medical emergency

access number- Creation of City / District EMS councils- Creation of guidelines for Emergency Care

of special section of people like children,elders, BPL beneficiaries, citizens of re-mote and disaster prone areas

Responsibility

SDMA

SDMA/SEC/Dept ofDM

Concerned Deptt

Concerned Deptt.

Health


- 92 -

Task Activity

7. Revision of BIS codes* Undertake studies, reviews and revision

8. Preparation and distribution of commentariesand handbooks

9. Development of relief norms andpackages

10. Development and promotion of incentives,insurance, disaster bonds, tax rebate, etc.against the disaster

11. Development of disaster managementPlans

* Hazard-wise State Disaster ManagementPlans

* State Action Plans* State Contingency Plans* Departmental Disaster Management Plans* Dist., City & Village Disaster Manage-

ment Plans

12. Regular rehearsal, review and updation ofplans

13. Publication & dissemination of plans

14. Strengthening of Early Warning System* Conduct study* Analyse* Implement

15. Arrangement with service providercompanies for multiple warning messages

16. Hazard Risk & Vulnerability Assessmentfor different natural and man-madedisasters prone to state

* Conduct study* Analyse* Mapping* Micro zonation

17. Safety Measures* Identification of places* Alarm system* Personnel protective equipments* Promotion of life saving methods and

techniques

Responsibility

Town Planning

Planning & FinanceDepttMHA, GOI

Planning & FinanceDeptt

SDMAAll DepttsDDMA

SDMACWC/IMDWRDDDMA/District Admn

Sc & TGSIDept. of Town PlanningDDMA/District Admn

DDMA/District AdmnPoliceAll Deptt.


- 93 -

Task Activity

18. Strengthening of relief distribution andaccounting system at state and district level

* Identification of centralized system forreceipt, storage and distribution of relief

* Rate contract, procurement and stockpileof relief material

19. Strengthening of EOC at state, region anddistrict level

* Retrofitting of existing buildings* Strengthening of resources

- Task forces- Equipments- SOPs- Financial

* Arrangement for optional EOC* Arrangement of mock drills* Arrangement of logistics* Strengthening of communication means

Responsibility

SDMADDMA/District AdmnAll concerned Deptt.

SDMA/ SECAll Line Depts.Police Dept.DDMA/District Admn

Table 23 : Medical Preparedness

Task

Medical Preparedness

Activity

1. Preparation of Authentic medical databasefor public and private facilities available inthe state* Collection of Data* Mapping and gap analysis* Strengthening

2. Resource management* Manpower, logistics, medical

equipments, medicines, antidotes,personal protective equipments,disinfectant, vaccine

3. Identification of medical incident commandsystem

- Incident Commander* State Level* Dist. Level* Disaster site

- Identification of each section head at eachlevel

Responsibility

Health Family WelfareDirector Health Servicesto provide data to SDMADistrict Medical Officerto provide data toDDMA/District Admn


- 94 -

Task Activity

* Operation* Planning* Logistic* Administration & Finance* Media and Public information

- Identification of key members of differenttask force

- Control room arrangement* Departmental control room* State and district control room

- Appointment of liaison officer in shifts- Planning

* Preparation of medical managementplan

- State level- Dist. Level- Hospital preparedness plan- Training and capacity building

* Hospital preparedness,* Pre hospital care,* Mass casualty management, etc.

Responsibility

Table 24 : Knowledge ManagementTask

KnowledgeManagement

Activity

- Documentation of disasters and to make itavailable in easy accessible format

- Undertake research studies and applicationof outcomes in disaster managementpractices

- Documenting field data, experience andindigenous technological knowledge fromlocal community

- Development of plan by using availableresources like SDRN, IDRN, etc.

- Sharing of data/information/reports/proceeding through consultation meeting/seminars etc.

- Use of Information and communicationtechnology at disaster management centres,state, district, taluka, village EOCs.

Responsibility

SDMA" DDMA


- 95 -

Table 25 : Communication

Task

Fail safe communica-tion and last mileconnectivity

Plan testing

Activity

- Undertake study to establish fail safe twoway communication - information systemfrom state level to disaster site connectingstate, district, taluka and city level.

- Undertake study to establish alert/siren withmulti-lingual recorded massages in coastalareas

- To procure the system and run a pilotproject

- Establishment of multiple/alternativesystem

- Training/IEC campaign for general publicof the vulnerable areas.

- Plan for re-establishment of disruptedsystem

- Provide copy of the plan to eachstakeholder

- Organize mock drills and rehearsal for plantesting

- Lesson learnt through mock drill; identifi-cation of gaps through feedbacks andmodification of plan

- Organize annual mock drill and updation ofplan

Responsibility

SDMADept. of HomeBSNLAIRDKDDMA/District AdmnIPR

SDMADDMA/District AdmnAll Dept(Subject toavailability of fund)


Disaster Response

Chapter 6

- 96 -


- 97 -

Disaster Response

6.1 Approach.

The approach of Government of Arunachal Pradesh is to ensure Deptts/Agencies which areresponsible for providing a particular emergency response service will adopt a systematic, planned andcoordinated approach to make them most effective in disaster response by utilizing the resourcesoptimally..

6.2 Resource Support

A three-tier framework (circle/ block, district and State) exists for implementing response toemergencies. The responsibility for response in the first instance rest with the Village & Circle/ Block.At the Circle/ Block level, resources owned or under the control of the circle/ block will be used. Asthe effects of the emergency escalate or the resource requirements are in excess of what is availablelocally, District, State and external resources will be explored.

6.3 Co-ordination

The district level will ensure co-ordination of resources to support operations which cannot beresourced locally, or which extend over more than one block. The highest level of operational coordi-nation and support takes place at the State level. It is at this level that resource support from otherStates, Central Government and/or other agencies is assessed and requested..

6.4 Procedures

Where an agency/department requires resources beyond its own capacity to satisfactorilycomplete a task, it will request for assistance as appropriate :

If at the village level, from the CO / BDO.If the request cannot be satisfied at the local level, then via the CO/BDO to the DC.If the request cannot be satisfied at District level, then request will be made to the State Govt.(SEC).If a request cannot be satisfied from resources within the State, the SEC will seek Centralassistance or external assistance

6.5 Implementation of Incident Response System for Effective Disaster Response

The Government of Arunachal Pradesh has notified Incident Response Teams at State leveland District Level dated 5th Sept, 2014.


- 98 -

GOVERNMENT OF ARUNACHAL PRADESHDEPTT. OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT

ITANAGAR

NOTIFICATIONNO. SEOC/DRR&DM-18/2009-10 Dated 5th Sept.2014

The Governor of Arunachal Pradesh is pleased to notify incident Response System Team for the State ofArunachal Pradesh at the State Level to respond to any major disaster in the State. The implementation/response underincident Response System will be taken at the State Level by the incident Response Team notified as follows :-

1. Responsible Officer : Chief Secretary, Govt. of A.P.2. Incident Commander : Prl. Secretary, Home3. Deputy Incident Commander : Secretary Disaster Management/Secretary(Home)4. Nodal Officer (Air Operation) : Secretary, Civil Aviation5. Safety Officer : IGP6. Liaison Officer : Director, DM7. Information & Media Officer : Director, IPR8. Operation Section Chief : IGP of the concerned range

a) Staging Area Manager : Commissioner / Secretary, PWDb) Rescue & Response Branch : Inspector General of Police

i. National Disaster : Director Fire & Emergency Services/Commandant SDRFii. Epidemic & Health Hazard : Director, Health Servicesiii. Manmade Disasters : DIGP

c) Transport Branch (Road) : Rail, Water & Air Unit) : Commissioner/Secretary, Transport

9. Planning Section Chief : Secretary, Disaster Managementa) Situation Unit : IGP /DD (DM)b) Resource Unit : Secretary, GA/DA/Health & Family Welfarec) Documentation Unit : Secretary, IPR/Project Officer(DM)d) Demobilization Unit : Secretary, TPT/GM State Transport/DD

(Adm), Disaster Management10. Logistic Section Chief : Development Commissioner/Secretary Planning

a) Service Branch : Secretary, Health Services & Family Welfarei. Communication Unit : Director, IPR/SP, Telecom & DD, DMii. Medical Unit : Director, Health Servicesiii. Food Unit : Director, Food & Civil Supplies

b) Support Branch : Secretary, Food & Civil Suppliesi. Resource Provisioning Unit : CE, PWD(EZ/CZ/WZ)/AD(DM)ii. Facilities Unit : CE, Elect/HPD/CE RWDiii. Ground Support Unit : CE, PHED(EZ/CZ/WZ) & CE, WRD

c) Finance Branch : Secretary, Financei. Time Unit : Joint Secretary, Finance/Disaster Management Officer(Hq)ii. Compensation Unit : Joint Secretary, Finance/Disaster Management Officer(Hq)iii. Procurement Unit : Dy. Secretary, Finance/Disaster Management Officer(Hq)iv. Cost Unit : Dy. Secretary, Finance/Project Office (DM)

The State Level Incident Response Team (IRT) will be activated by the Responsible Officer in the event ofany major disaster.

This will come into force with effect from the date of publication of this notification.

Chief SecretaryGovernment of Arunachal Pradesh

Itanagar

6.5.1 State Level Incident Response Team under Incident Response System [IRS]


- 99 -

Figu

re: 1

3 In

cide

nt R

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at S

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ned

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mer

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. Man

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ters

: D

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r (G

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le r

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Task

For

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trik

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Tran

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Com

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Roa

d L

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Uni

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Situ

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n U

nit

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)

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. GA

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umen

tatio

n U

nit

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. IPR

/PO

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)

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. TPT

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Sta

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/DM

)

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ce

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mun

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, Tele

com

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M

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Supp

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nit

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nit

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)

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ecy.

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(Hq)

INC

IDEN

T R

ESPO

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TEA

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NA

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AL

PRA

DES

H

- 100 -

GOVERNMENT OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH DEPTT: OF DISATER MANAGEMENT

ITANAGAR

NOTIFICATION N0.SEOC/DRR&DM-18/2009-10. Dated 5th Sept, 2014

The Governor of Arunachal Pradesh is p leased to notify Incident Response System Team at the District level for all the districts in the state to respond to any major disaster in the District. The implementation/ response under Incident Response System will be taken at the District level by the Incident Response Team notified as follows:-

1. Responsible Officers: Deputy Commissioner 2. Incident Commander: Addl. Deputy Commissioner 3. Deputy Incident Commander: PD, DRDA 4. Safety Officers: Supdt. Of Police 5. Liaison Officer: DFO & District Disaster Management Officer 6. Information & Media officer: DIPRO 7. Operation Section Chief: Supdt. Of Police

a) Staging Area Manager: EE, PWD/DDSE b) Rescue & Response Branch:

i. Natural Disaster: Fire Officer ii. Epidemic & Health Hazard: District Medical Officer iii. Manmade Disasters: Dy. Supdt. Of Police

c) Transport Branch (Road): Rail. Water & Air Unit): District Transport Officer/ EAC (Mv)

8. Planning section Chief: Addl. Deputy Commissioner a) Situation Unit: EAC/ District Disaster Management Officer/OC Police station. b) Resource Unit: District Planning Officer/DHO & DAO/MO c) Documentation Unit: DIPRO/ DDMO/DIO(NIC) d) Demobilization Unit: SDO (sadar)/ EAC(MV)/ Dy.Supdt. Of Police/DDMO/DTO-

Foreman 9. Logistic Section Chief: Addl. Deputy Commissioner (Nazareth)

a) Service Branch: EAC, Nazareth i. Communication Unit: DIPRO/DDMO/DIO NIC ii. Medical Unit: DMO iii. Food unit: DF&CSO

b) Support Branch: SDO, Sadar/EAC i. Resource Provisioning Unit: EE, PWD ii. Facilities Unit: EE, RWD/Elect/HPD iii. Ground Support Unit: EE, PHED/WRD

c) Finance Branch: ADC i. Time Unit: EAC, Judicial/DDMO ii. Compensation Unit: DDMO/ EAC Judicial iii. Procurement Unit: Finance & Accounts Officer/DDMO iv. Cost Unit: Treasury Officer/DDMO

The District Level Incident Response Team (IRT) will be activated by the Responsible Officer in the event of any major disaster. This will come into force with effect from the date of publication of this notification.

Chief Secretary Government of Arunachal Pradesh

Itanagar

6.5.2 District Level Incident Response Team under Incident Response System [IRS]


- 101 -

Figu

re: 1

4 In

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: D

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nit

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Polic

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nit

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O/M

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/D

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Dem

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6.6 Response Activities

6.6.1 Warning

a) Most of the disasters except earthquake and fires can be predicted and the community likelyto be affected forewarned about any impending disaster through a proper warning mechanism.Floods, droughts, cyclones, pest attacks, epidemics, industrial and chemical disasters are someof the disasters for which adequate warning can be given.

b) Disasters for which warning is not possible include earthquakes, landslide, dam bursts, thunderand lightning, fire, chemical and industrial disasters, and all accident related disasters.

c) At the State level the following departments/ agencies are made responsible to issue warning inrespect of disasters which usually affect the State

Type of Emergency Agency

Earthquakes SEOC/DEOC/Distt. Adm/ PWD/ DM / WRD/ PHED/ RWD/All Deptt./ Police control room (PCR)

Floods WRD/DEOC/Distt. Adm/IMD/ CWC/ SEOC / PHED /PCR

Cyclones/Storms DEOC /Distt. Adm/ IMD/ SEOC/PCR

Landslides DEOC/ District Admn./UD/ GSI/ SEOC/ PWD/RWD/PHED/ All Deptt./PCR

Epidemics Distt. Adm/DEOC/ Health Department/ PHED/SEOC

Biological Disaster DEOC/District Admn/Health Department/ Home/SEOC/PCR

Drought/ Dry spells DEOC/ District Admn/Agriculture Deptt/ HorticultureDeptt./SEOC

Pest Attacks DEOC/District Admn./Agricultural Deptt/ HorticultureDeptt/SEOC.

Human induced Disaster DEOC/District Admn/Home Deptt/ PCR/SEOC

d) Advanced technology like, remote sensing, GIS, etc, have made predictions about imminentdisasters, especially for weather and climate related ones more precise and reliable. It will beensured that the state of the art technology will be used for predictions. The State Govt. andDCs of the districts affected by floods will maintain regular contact with districts or neighboringstates/ areas upstream for advance warning.

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e) The warning should be given in clear and unambiguous terms at the earliest in vulnerablepockets in local languages/ dialects with clear advice of what the people should do before theimpending emergency- whether they should stay indoors get ready to evacuate or evacuate.

f) Emphasis to be given on regular use of communication system during normal time to ensurethat they are always functional and to publicize and update all the emergency telephonenumbers. Warning to people through the Govt. field functionaries will be disseminated

This system of alert may range from alarms (fires), sirens (industrial disaster), to publicannouncement systems like radio, television, cable T.V., loud speakers and traditional systems i.e.,beating of drums etc. (Cyclones, floods). On receipt of warning, the District/block level machinery andthe concerned departments at the State level will be systematically activated for response measures atthe earliest:

g) De-WarningIn case the disaster does not occur as predicted, the responsible agency as per Table above

will issue a de-warning. The de-warning will initiate the following:

Dissemination of De-warnings by respective districts and blocks

EOC will revert to normal functioning.

The specialized teams (defense/search and rescue/medical), QRTs shall also stand-down.

Material resources may be returned/stored back

6.6.2 Evacuation

a) Definition

Evacuation is the planned relocation of persons from dangerous or potentially dangerous areasto safer areas and eventual return.

b) Legal and Operational Considerations

The decision to order evacuation rests with the DDMA/ Deputy Commissioners on the basisof advice from CO/ BDO, police and other experts, unless time constraints prevent this consultation.Once the decision is made, the CO/ BDO and the local Police will be responsible for carrying out theevacuation process.

c) Evacuation ProcessEvacuated people are taken or directed to a place of relative safety, usually to an identified

shelter or an emergency relief centre as per the Village/Block disaster management plans.

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CO/ BDOs/ OCs, Police Station will be responsible to ensure the registration of the evacuatedpeople. Emergency relief will be provided to evacuees as needed. They will remain at the centre or inother emergency shelters until the danger is over and it is safe for them to return home. The evacuationprocess includes the returning of evacuees to their homes. In situations when evacuated persons haveto remain away from home for an extended period, temporary accommodations may be necessary.This will be managed under the DDMA/District Administration.

(d) Operating Procedures for evacuation

Shelter sites will be identified by District Administration in consultation with the localadministration ensuring safety of all concerns.

Alternate routes to be identified /planned well in advance.

For appropriate security and law and order, evacuation will be carried out with assistancefrom police, fire brigade, local community leaders and NGOs/CBOs working in the community.

Care will be taken to ensure the following:

To evacuate the entire family together as a unit as far as possible.

In view of inadequate transport or limited time, encourage community emergency evacuationin the following order:

1. Seriously injured and sick

2. Children, women and physically challenged

3. Old

4. Others

(e) Evacuation of marooned persons

Even with all the measures taken for early warning and evacuation, there may not be adequatetime or opportunity for evacuating all persons. Some may be marooned and in such cases

Evacuation must be carried out within the shortest possible time.

The marooned persons have to be transferred to the transit camps.

Emergency transport for the seriously injured persons by appropriate means to be ensured.

A senior medical officer to accompany the rescue team as far as practicable.

Marooned persons to be provided with water, medicines, first-aid and cooked food/ dryfood.

Pregnant women/lactating mother/infants/old and sick to be given top priority


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(f) Dos & Don'ts' for Public

Families will be encouraged to take adequate supplies of water, food, clothing and other emer-gency items. People will be advised to

Shut off electrical switches, gas appliances,Secure their homes. Close and lock their doors and windowsLeave early enough to avoid being trappedFollow recommended evacuation routesStay away from broken / fallen power linesSet the livestock free.

The families will be encouraged to assemble the following items in their disaster supplies kit,which they will carry when evacuating:

Adequate supply of safe water in closed unbreakable containers

Adequate supply of non-perishable, dry ration

Extra clothes and rain gear

Blankets, plates and glasses

Toiletries

A battery powered radio, torch, lantern, and matches

Cash, jewellery, medicines, important documents

Food and prescribed medicine, if any, for infant and people needing special care

6.6.3 Emergency Relief

a) This section covers the provision of emergency relief to persons affected in disaster.

b) The State Govt. will specify minimum standards of relief from time to time and legal provisionswill be made to ensure that all Depts. /Agencies adhere to the specified standards. These willalso be incorporation in guidelines for special care and provisions for children, pregnant women,lactating mothers, physically challenged, elders and sick persons.

c) The District IRTs/ DDMA will be responsible for coordinating emergency relief at the locallevel. The relief function roles of the chosen/ designated agencies for food relief, emergencyrelief centres and material needs at the local level will be designated in the District DisasterManagement Plan. Should the event exceed the capacity of the specified committee toperform this function, the CO/ BDO through the DC will arrange for the State or DistrictAuthorities to assume coordination


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d) If the magnitude of disaster is very great and assistance from outside the State is required thenco-ordination of relief operations assumes significance.The State level IRTs will be activated.The flow of materials and manpower from outside will be co-ordinated by the State IRTS/SEC, who will organize the Arrival point for flow of such assistance.

i) The SEC will activate the nearest Airport, Rail Head and Bus Terminal and Information &Arrival Centres which will be manned by State Level IRTs. These will be the key points forarrival and dispatch of relief materials and rescue workers. The incoming assets from outsidethe State will be clearly allotted and assigned to various disaster sites by these Centers. Atthese enters there will be provision for:-

a) Storage: Storage facility at the arrival point where material is categorized and if needed,packed for dispatch will be established.

b) Briefing cell: This cell will give specific briefing for different types of field workers.

c) Donation Management Cell: At the arrival point, the donations (in kind) from other statesand international agencies are packed and readied for further distribution.

i) The services of Resident Commissioner will be utilized in indicating to outside agenciesabout the type of relief material/personnel required and the place of collection of the reliefmaterial/personnel.

ii) Precaution: Arrangement shall be made to ensure that no donor whether National orInternational, NGOs/INGOs should operate independently, without the prior intimation to andthe approval of the State/District Administration regarding their type of support and areaof operation. This will help to avoid duplication and other administrative related issues/complications.

6.6.4 Emergency Operations Centres

Emergency Operation Centres (EOC) is a physical location and normally includes the space,facilities and protection necessary for communication, collaboration, coordination and emergencyinformation management.

The EOCs will be the hub of activity in a disaster situation. This is however, not to underesti-mate its normal time activities. The EOCs, the key organizational structure, is flexible to expand whendemand increases, and contracts when the situation comes to normal.

6.6.5 Activation of EOC

The EOC is a Nodal Point for the overall coordination and control of relief work. In case of anL1 Disaster the DEOC will be activated, in case of an L2 disaster SEOC will be activated along withthe DEOC.


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The primary function of an EOC

Receive, monitor, and assess disaster information.Keep track of available resources.Monitor, assess, and track response units and resource requests.Manage resource deployment for optimal usage.Make policy decisions and proclaim local emergencies as needed.Provide direction and management for EOC operations through Standard Operations Guide(SOG), set priorities and establish strategies.Coordinate operations of all responding units, including law enforcement, fire, medical,logistics etc.Augment comprehensive emergency communication from EOC to any field operation whenneeded or appropriate.Maintain EOC security and access control.Provide recovery assistance in response to the situations and available resourcesKeep senior, subordinate and tenant officials informed.Keep local jurisdictions (Village/town/City, district and State) informed.Operate a message centre log and post all key disaster information.Develop and disseminate public information warnings and instructions.Provide information to the news media.Manage donation / aids.

6.6.6 Command & Control of EOCs

The EOC, its system, and procedures are designed in such a way that information can bepromptly assessed and relayed to concerned parties. Immediate dissemination of information contrib-utes to quick response and effective decision-making during emergency. Being the main coordinationand control point for all disaster specific efforts, the EOC is the place of decision-making under aunified command.

The EOC in normal circumstances will work under the supervision of SEC at the State leveland under the Deputy Commissioner at the district level. It is the nerve centre to support, co-ordinateand monitor the disaster management activities at the district level. In a disaster situation, the EOCwill come under the direct control of Chief Secretary or any other person designated by the ChiefSecretary as Chief of Operations

6.7 Emergency Operation Centre [EOC]

6.7.1 EOC at the State Level


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The SEC headed by Chief Secretary at the State level & DC at the district level or his/herdesignee will initiate the activation of emergency services of the EOC.

The EOC will be manned by a skeleton staff throughout the year. In the event of emergency itwill be fully activated with participants from key departments like Health, Agriculture, Veteri-nary, Police, Civil Defence etc, apart from the personnel belonging to the Disaster Manage-ment Department (members of IRTs).

The Chief Secretary / DC will announce the alternative location in case the State/District EOCis affected by any eventuality/ emergency.

Nodal officers of various Deptts. posted at the EOCs will be responsible for maintainingcommunications through radio /telephone/mobiles/any other means of communication with theirrespective departments at the District and Block levels.

The SEC/DDMA will requisition necessary staff as required for effective functioning of theEOCs during the time of emergencies

6.7.2 Organizational set up of EOC

1. EOC in charge: While the SEC will be overall in charge of the EOC, the day -to -dayoperations of the EOC will vest with an official in charge from the Deptt. of Disaster Manage-ment and will be responsible for assisting the SEC and the Nodal Officers of other Depts. andmembers of IRTs for overall coordination and effective functioning of the EOC. Similararrangement will be made by DC in the district EOCs.

2. The State Government will take steps for establishing EOCs as per MHA, GoI, guidelines inState and District H.Q., where all the Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) will be locatedduring emergencies.

6.7.3 Communication Section:

The hotlines, V-SAT and wireless communication will be established at the EOCs at the Statelevel with the following:

Chief MinisterChief SecretaryDG PoliceDeputy CommissionerLocal Army and Air force CommandRelated Departments (Primary Agencies)Information and arrival point at the StateInformation and arrival point at the affected Districts


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6.8 Tasks for all EOCs

Determine policies during disaster and post disaster periodAdjudicate conflicting, claims and /or request for emergency personnel, equipment, and otherresourcesDesignate responsibilities and duties, as necessary to maintain the optimal use of resourcesProvide operating units with requested resources for sustained operations Maintaindocumentation of resource allocation and availability

6.9 Alert Mechanism - Early Warning

On the receipt of warning or alert from any such agency which is competent to issue such awarning, or on the basis of reports from District Collector of the occurrence of a disaster, the re-sponse structure of the State Government will be put into operation. The Chief Secretary will assumethe role of the Responsible Officer and activate the State level IRTs during the emergency situation.

6.10 CO-ORDINATIONAL ROLES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT KEY OFFICIALS

(A) ACTION BY SEC WHEN A DISASTER IS IMMINENT/STRIKES.1. When the Incident Response System (IRS)/ Incident Response Teams (IRTs) are adopted in

the administrative system ;

Figure: Area Command-Process & Function Figure: Steps and Action for Response


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ORProcedure to be adopted till the Incident Response System (IRS)/ Incident Response Teams(IRTs) are implemented in the administrative setup;

Once the alert stage has been activated or disaster has struck, within the first two hours of the event ameeting of SEC will be held in any location/ office as decided by the Competent Authority to ;

1) Review the situation.2) Official Declaration of disaster/emergency;3) Prepare a factual Status report to Government with recommendations;4) Meeting of the State Committees;5) Appraisal of situation to the SDMA/State cabinet6) Ensure activation of Emergency Operations Centres (EOCs), at State & Districtsconcerned (The role of functions of EOC is as per Annex-A)

2) The following activities will be initiated parallel to the SEC meeting:

Briefing of officers of the concerned Departments/Nodal Officers for each ESF arranging forall required inventories from the concerned Departments.It will be ensured that all officers remain in headquarters/respective locations until the situationgets back to normal. No one will leave their location without obtaining prior permission fromthe Competent Authority.Departure of first assessment team.Arrange Damage assessment {Report as per lines suggested in Annex -B}Departure of first search and rescue team with NDRF/SDRF/specialized teams/armypersonnel, if required.Arrange for reconnaissance flights and army assistance, if required.

3) The Secretaries of concerned Depts. involved in ESF will meet as often as necessary under theChairmanship of SEC / Designated officers and be responsible for the following:Ensure that the officers of concerned Departments immediately inspect the affected area andtake appropriate protective and restorative action within the ambit of their budgetary provisions.Assessment of relief materials required will be made. Stock piling of relief materials/ Medicine,ORS packets/Essentials items etc at strategic points will be ensured. Take decisions on moreresources and relief material that may be required. Identify the nodal transport points for theaffected Districts.Send specialized teams to priority areasReview the actions taken for clearance of roads for movement of traffic, rescue of and relief tothe marooned people, disposal of dead bodies and carcasses, restoration of communication,power and drinking water.Establishment of communication with the district and block and ensuring regular flow ofinformation. Regular contact with all control rooms to be maintained. Set up information desksat critical locationsLat-long book will be kept handy for identifying the probable air dropping zones and preparationof an advanced list of villages where air droppings may be needed will be made available


Figure: Area Command-Process & Function Figure: Steps and Action for Response

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Spare copies of block maps will be kept readyDocument the resources (manpower and material) support that has already been dispatchedto the affected areaCivil society organizations will be alerted and a plan of action for working in coordination withGovt. functionaries will be drawn up.Emergency meeting of important NGOs/CBOs will be convened and clear indications will begiven about their expected role.Submission of preliminary and final damage reports of the circumstance as well as losssustainedBriefing of Press at regular intervals.

(B) ACTION BY DDMA/DEPUTY COMMISSIONER WHEN A DISASTER IS IMMINENT/STRIKES.

1. When the Incident Response System (IRS)/ Incident Response Teams (IRTs) are adopted inthe administrative system;

ORProcedure to be adopted till the Incident Response System (IRS)/ Incident Response Teams(IRTs) are implemented in the administrative setup;

The Deputy Commissioner will be the Response Coordinator at the district level. He will be respon-sible for the effective coordination of resources or services within the District and also report to SEC/Concerned Authority.


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The response roles, responsibilities and duties of the District Response Coordinator are:1) Operationalise the E.O.C. (As per Annexure A)2) Undertake assessment of situation.3) Co-ordinate with ESF Depts. / Agencies for provision of emergency relief and supply.4) Ensure that consideration has been given to:

Alerting the public to existing and potential dangers arising from serious emergencyThe need for evacuationOther public information

5) Review and dispatch situation reports to the SEC/ Concerned Authority6) In an emergency, arrange to provide requested resources to the CO/ BDOs from:

Within the DistrictOutside the District through the SEC/Concerned Authority

7) In the event of uncertainty, determine which agency is to perform its statutory response rolewithin the District or within a specified area of the District, where more than one agency /department is empowered to perform similar role.

8) In the event of imminent disaster or the event occurring He/ She will take following action:Set up information desks at critical locationsConcerned officers in Disaster Management, Public Health, Agriculture, Veterinary, Police,Power, Telecom, PWD, RD, RWD, PHED, Food & Civil Supply, Transport and other Depts.to be called to fulfill their respective ESF function.Concerned departments will be directed to get ready with emergency tool kits and necessarypersonnelIt will be ensured that all officers remain in headquarters until the situation gets back to normal.No one will leave their location without obtaining prior permission from the CompetentAuthorityArrangements for generators, radios, batteries, extra vehicles, Satellite telephones etc;Assessment of relief materials required will be made;Adequate fuel for generators and vehicles;Availability of food /kerosene etc at block/ circle headquarters/affected locations, storageagents and other inaccessible pockets;Stock piling of relief materials/ ORS packets at strategic points;Private stockiest/ wholesalers and godowns will be directed to remain open till the situationgets back to normalAdequate number of small, medium and heavy vehicles will be immediately requisitioned andkept in readinessIf necessary, boats / elephants etc will be requisitionedAvailability of vaccines and fodder stock with the veterinary department.A rapid assessment of the medicines, bleaching powders and halogen tables will be made andif necessary, more will be requisitioned immediately


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Start movement of medicines to hospitals, other points lacking adequate stockIf needed, all the educational institutions will be closedLat-long book will be kept handy for identifying the probable air dropping zones andpreparation of a list of villages where air droppings may be needed.Spare copies of block maps will be kept readyCivil society organizations will be alerted and a plan of action for working in coordination withGovt. functionaries will be drawn up.After quick review of the preparations taken, emergency meeting of important officials andnon-Govt. agencies will be convened and clear instructions will be given about their expectedrole.

1. Arrangements for evacuation2. Registration of persons evacuated or otherwise affected.3. Provision of relief needs of evacuees where ever necessary.

All search and rescue agencies and volunteers to be pressed into service.1. Provision of medical treatment / first aid.2. Fact gathering for inquests or judicial inquiries.3. Maintenance of law & order4. Briefing the press at regular intervals.5. Maintenance of proper records.6. Demobilization

(C) Action by the Sub-Divisional Magistrate/ Block Development Officer

The ADC/SDM/SDO/ BDO/ Circle Officer will be the Emergency Response Coordinator atthe sub-division/ block level/ Circle level. The responsibilities and duties of the Sub-Division/ Block/Circle Coordinator will be to :

Ensure that immediate relief provisions are available and their movement activated in the eventof an emergencyRegularly apprise the District Disaster Management Authority / Deputy Commissioner, if theemergency cannot be controlled within the available resources.

On occurrence of an emergency he/she will take following action:1) Arrangements for generators, radios, batteries, extra vehicles, Satellite telephones etc

to meet emergency situation will be made2) Adequate fuel for generators and vehicles will be arranged3) Godowns for storage of relief materials and parking places for trucks carrying relief

materials will be identified and inspected.4) Availability of food and kerosene at respective headquarters, storage agents and

other inaccessible pockets will be checked5) Private stockiest/ wholesalers and godowns will be directed to remain open till the

situation gets back to normal6) Stock piling of relief materials/ ORS packets/ essential items at strategic points will be

ensured.


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7) A rapid assessment of the medicines, bleaching powders and halogen tables will bemade and if necessary, more will be requisitioned immediately

8) Start movement of medicines to hospitals, other points lacking adequate stock9) Location of sites for operation of camps will be identified10) Adequate number of small, medium and heavy vehicles will be immediately

requisitioned and kept in readiness.11) Position of boats/ elephants already deployed will be assessed and if necessary

additional boats /elephants will be requisitioned.12) Assessment of vaccines and fodder stock available with the veterinary department

will be made.13) Lat-long book will be kept handy for identifying the probable air dropping zones and

preparation of an advanced list of villages where air droppings may be needed will bemade available.

14) Necessary arrangements for evacuation will be made15) All search and rescue agencies and volunteers will be alerted/ pressed into service16) Provision of medical treatment / first aid.17) Registration of persons evacuated or otherwise affected.18) Provision of relief needs of evacuees, where necessary.19) Maintenance of law & order20) Fact gathering for inquests or judicial inquiries.21) Maintenance of proper records.

6.11 Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) in managing response to disaster.

The ESFs, comprising of various supporting Agencies/Depts. will manage and coordinate spe-cific kinds of assistance, which are common to all types of disasters. For each ESF there will be a leadDepartment or Agency responsible for the delivery of goods and services to the disaster area.These lead agencies could be supported by a number of other department/agencies.

The proposed agencies performing the ESFs will identify requirements, mobilize and deployresources to the affected areas and assist the districts/ affected areas in their response action underESFs.

The ESFs will come into operation on either receipt of warning of an expected calamity or inthe event of a sudden emergency.

The responsibilities, initial activities on receipt of warning and minimum standards for eachESF are given in Table-A. The details of the primary and support agencies for each type of ESF aregiven below in


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Table 26: The checklist for each ESF desk is given at Annexure -C.Table - A

Setting up Control Room/ Emergency Operation Centre round theclockArrangement of vehicle and sound system for informationdisseminationProper record keeping and transmission of information to all thelevelEnsure functioning of warning system &communication systemsCreate awareness with the target groups

To warn people about the impending danger & to leave for saferplaces. Mobilize people to go to identified/safer shelterOrganize trained task force members.To co-ordinate with civil defence-NGOs/CBOs/Rajya Sainik Board/Police/SDRF/NDRF/Army etc. for support.Arrangement of boats/vehicles/elephants etc. for evacuation.Deployment of Boats/Elephants/Vehicles for evacuationEvacuate people of marooned areas and administer emergentrelief.Deployment of police for maintaining law & order & peacekeeping during evacuation

Deployment of Police/Fire Brigade and Emergency Services/SDRF/NDRF/Army etc. for search and rescue.Co-ordination with the NCC/ NSS/Civil Defence/ Rajya SainikBoard etc. for rescue operation.Ensure availability of the rescue materials.Prepare inventory of shelter places and map indicating the sheltercentres.Provide & arrange Rescue kit at risk areas

Deployment of Medical staffStock piling of Life saving drugs/ORS packets/Halogen tablets.Protocol on medical aidTreatment of the injured persons and Transportation of the injuredto hospitals.Awareness message to stop the outbreak of epidemicsDisease surveillance and transmission of reports to the higherauthorities on a daily basisVaccinationConstitute mobile teams and visit the worst affected areas.Disinfections of Drinking water sourceIdentification of site operation camps.

1-Early warning

2-Evacuation

3-Search andRescue

4-Medical aid


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To obtain/transmit information on natural calamities to DistrictEmergency Operation CentresAdvance inoculation programme in the flood/Cyclone prone areas.Arrangement of corpse disposalArrangement of fodder/medicines for the animal’s vaccination, siteoperation camps, Carcasses disposalIdentification of Shelter/Temporary shelter at appropriate placesand arrangement of tents etc.Arrangement of Food/Drinking water/Medicine in the shelter places.Arrangement of transportationArrangement for safe shelter for animalsProviding the lighting facilities for shelter placesDeployment of Police PersonnelTemporary supply of safe drinking waterDeployment of vehicleProcurement and transportation of Relief materials to affectedpockets/areasProvision of kitchen in the shelter camps & affected areas.Assigning of free kitchen in the shelter camps & affected areas.Assigning responsibilities to officials for distribution of emergentrelief/running of free kitchen.Coordinating with the NGOs/Other voluntary organization & PSUs/ UNDP/ REDCROSS etc for continuing Relief OperationMonitoringEnsuring supply of safe drinking water arrangement for supply ofsafe drinking water.Disinfectant for purification of waterArrangement of mobile team and assigning specific operationalarea for supply of waterInvolvement of volunteers/village level workers inaccessiblepockets health awareness campaignFormation of task force with specific equipmentsAssigning responsibilities for specific areas.Emergency cleaning of debris to enable reconnaissance.Coordinate road-cleaning activities to assist relief workBegin clearing roads, assemble casual labour provide a work teamcarrying emergency tool kits.Towing vehicles, Earth moving equipments, cranes, constructtemporary roadsKeep National & other Highways clear from disaster effects.Damage assessment & Monitoring

5-ShelterManagement

6-EmergentRelief/FreeKitchenOperation

7- WaterSupply andSanitation

8-InfrastructureRestoration


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Table (B)

ServiceFunction

Activity Nodal AgenciesESFNo.

1

2

3

4

5

6

PoliceDistt. Adm

Departments of Healthand Family WelfareDistt. Adm

Department of TransportDistt. Adm

Department of PowerDist. Admn.

PoliceDistt. Adm

Public works Department

Dist. Admn.

SDMASECDDMA

SDMASECDDMA

SDMASECDDMA

SDMASECDDMA

SDMASECDDMA

SDMASECDDMA

Communication

Public Health

Transport

Power

Search andRescue, Evacua-tion

Restoration ofInfrastructure

Support Agencies

S.P. SignalsDoordarshanAll India RadioBSNLIMDPrivate Mobile OperatorsSDRF/NDRF/Army etc.

SDRF/NDRF/ArmyNGOs/CBOs(Health)Deptt. of TransportPHEDCivil Aviation etc.

Home Department SDRF/NDRF/Army etc.Civil Aviation Pvt. Asso-ciation of Busses/AutoTaxis etc.SDRF/NDRF/ArmyPublic/Private PowerSectors

Fire & Emergency.Services concerned DepttSDRF/NDRF/Army etc.NGOs/CBOs/Volunteersetc.All works/Engg. DepttsPublic/PrivateConstruction Agenciesetc.


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ServiceFunction

Activity Nodal AgenciesESFNo.

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Dept. of Food & CivilSuppliesDist Admn.

PHEDDistt. Adm

Dept. of Animal Husbandry& Vety. Dist. Admn

PWD/ DistrictAdministration

IPRDistt. Adm

Home DepartmentDist. Admn

Dist. AdmnDept of DM

SDMASECDDMA

SDMASECDDMA

SDMASECDDMA

SDMASECDDMA

SDMA, SECDDMA

SDMA/ SEC/DDMA

SDMA/SEC/DDMA

Relief Suppliesand Food

Water Supplyand Sanitation

Animal Health

Shelter

Media

Law & Order

Damage Assess-ment

Support Agencies

Dept. of TransportCivil AviationDept. of Social WelfareAll Concerned Depts.SDRF/NDRF/Army etc.NGOs/CBOs etfc.

Health, WRD, SDRF/NDRF/Army etc.NGOs/CBOs etc.

Dept. of TransportNGOs/CBOs etc.

Urban Dev. & HousingTown Planning(Municipality) Panchayat(PRIs) RD NGOs/CBOsetc.DM Dept

General Admn & DASDRF/NDRF/Army etc.

All concerned Depts.

Table 27: Role and Responsibility of Government Departments/ Stakeholders

Roles and Responsibilities

Establishing coordination in implementing and providing technologicalknow-how on drought management to the farming community throughagricultural extension servicesCreate assured irrigation facilities and availability of water to theagricultural fields

Department / Agency

Agriculture


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Continue educating farmers on soil and water conservationtechnologies through implementation of watershed projects and know-how of drought resistant cropsDrought tracking and communication outreachImplementing calamity (like flood, drought etc.) relief programmes.Conduct damage to crops and allied infrastructure in case of disasterIncrease in agricultureal production of the State by introduction ofhigh yielding variety crops with the help of agriculture extensionservices, thereby contributing to food security of the State.

Disease controlUndertake fodder assessment and develop contingency plan in caseof drought or drought like conditionsConduct assessment of damage and economic loss due to disasters

Incorporate disaster management into education curriculum of schoolsMaintain and ensure school facilities across the state can stand safefrom known hazard risks, and they continue to function in post-disas-ter environmentIdentify/Designate school buildings and infrastructure for providingshelter during emergency situations. Ensure necessary facilities arebuilt in to cater support to the evacuated.Direct and monitor preparation of School DM Plan across the stateUndertake training and capacity building initiatives and develop aresource pool of teachers and students trained and in DMEnsure regular mock drills

Undertake effective forest management practicesCheck erosion and management of environment infrastructure of thestateProtection and sustainable use of natural resourcesSafeguard the forest and wildlife of the StateEnvironment EducationSupport income generation activities under JFM schemeForest fire prevention and assessment of damages

Fire Fighting in case of fire accidentsTo save life & property of all citizens in case of fire hazard and inother natural calamitiesAwareness on fire prevention & protection of all buildings, industries,commercial & public places etc.

Department / Agency

Animal Husbandry andVeterinary

Education

Environment andForests

Fire & EmergencyServices


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Inspection of all high-rise buildings & other establishment & assesstheir fire preventive & preparedness & effectiveness of fire fightingequipments installed by the owners from time to time.Law & order duty with local police at mela or any large-scalemeetings & functions.To raise public awareness and conduct periodical training programmesfrom time to time and to organize demonstrations showing rescueoperation during the fire & other natural calamities etc. to educatethe general public.

Support towards making provisions for establishing State Disaster/Hazard Mitigation FundArrange necessary funds in case of disasterDirect development planning activities/schemes to incorporate orbuild-in safety nets/mitigation measures

To increase fish and fish seeds production in the state and contributeto the overall food security in the StateUndertake activities to address risk mitigation within the fisherysector, including the processing industries for Pre-During-Post Disaster

Maintain adequate stock of food supplies and provide food securityin the StateIdentify supply of food needs to be dispatched in case of declarationof disasterBuild reserve stock of supplies in most vulnerable and difficult toaccess regions of the stateCoordinate / Manage transportation of essential supplies tocommunities at risk, or in post-disaster situationsEnforcement of law and Rules relating to trading of essentialcommodities especially in post-disaster situations or drought likescenario

Handle all protocol matters of VVIPs/VIPs to disaster affected areasAssess the SDMA/SEC/Dept of DM DDMA/Dist. Admn./concernedDept. as and when requiredAssess all key Government buildings (residential/non-residential) inthe state are hazard resilient.

Provide health and medical care in normal and disaster situationsDevelop adequate health infrastructure in the state and implementprogrammes towards improvement of health across all sections ofthe society

Department / Agency

Finance

Fisheries

Food & Civil Supplies

General Administration

Health and Family


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Deployment of medical response team in case of health emergencyor disasterCoordinate and transport necessary medical supplies to disaster proneareasUndertake activities towards preparation of Hospital ContingencyPlan for all major hospitals across the stateConduct vulnerability assessment of all health facilities across thestate and undertake preparedness and mitigation measuresPrepare mass casualty plan for the state (earthquake hazard, floodsand epidemics etc.)Maintain ambulance network and networking among medicalpractioners/medical institutions to facilitate quick mobility of doctorsin rural areas (normal/emergency situation)Undertake efforts and develop networking of hospitals for specialcare/mass casualty care networking arrangementConduct first-aid training programmes with support of line depart-ments/agencies of the state

Providing security to the state during normal and in disaster situationAssisting the Civil Administration in times of disasterEstablishment and training of Home Guards and Civil DefenceHelp Police Administration in maintaining general law & order aswell as control of crimeFire Safety and Security to individuals and public propertiesTraining of Fire Services OfficersEmergency assistance in disastersPrimary agency to handle Nuclear Biological Chemical(NBC)events/disastersManagement of the deadEmergency communication

Responsible for safe industrial development in the stateUndertake steps towards management of risks posed by industries(Chemical hazard release/technological accidents, human causedfailure/transportation of raw or finished products)Guide the industries towards establishment of On-Site/Off- Site Plans,Hazard specific contingency plans (earthquakes and floods in par-ticular), Business Continuity Plan

Department / Agency

Home

Industries & Commerce


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Establish mechanism for capacity building and training of industrypersonnel in disaster management

Organize various exercises to generate and mould public awarenessBroadcasting of official announcement needing immediate publicattentionDissemination of official news for Pre-During-Post disaster to printand electronic mediaDisseminate early warning to communities at risk (in association withwarning protocol institutions)Bring out publications concerning public welfareDisaster education and awarenessCollect reliable statistics of damage and needs during post-disasteroperations

Development of disaster resilient ICT in the StateSupport development of ICT intervention in DMUndertake activities towards IT disaster recovery for disasters,protection of important data at all levels

Responsible for development activities in the rural areasIdentify the area liable to threat/damage from local hazardsForm key committees of the youth/villagers in the village or clusterof villages to address DM (mainstreaming disaster risk reduction indevelopment and emergency response)Equip the volunteers in terms with basic tools and knowledge toaddress and monitor hazard risksEncourage regular mock drill /practices etc.Facilitate the mechanism of passing resolutions by Gram Panchayatfor disaster preparednessEnsure/Monitor steps are taken to include the most unprivileged setof people, especially women, adolescent children, pregnant women,old and infirm, physically/mentally challenge etc.

Responsible for formulation and implementation of the state planschemes, incorporation of DRR concerns in all schemesThe Department maintains vertical relation with the Centre andhorizontal relation with the line departments of the State (in respectof formation, implementation and review as well as maintenance/reporting of records on physical progress and financial achievement)

Department / Agency

Information & PublicRelations

Information Technology

Panchayat & RuralDevelopment

Planning/Finance


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Department prepares draft Annual Plans and Five Year Plans as perthe guidelines of the Centre and as per needs and aspirations of thepeople/State. Department to lay emphasis on mitigation andpreparedness in all developmental schemesFacilitate provision towards mainstreaming DRR in all State PlanSchemesEnsure utilization of resources take into consideration of DMconcerns, enabling to create durable/long lasting assets

Nodal department of the State Government entrusted with theresponsibilities of providing safe drinking water to the people ofArunachal PradeshResponsible for ensuring safe hygiene through Total SanitationCampaign (TSC)Providing safe drinking water to all the schools and other institutionslocated in urban/ rural areasProvide emergency supply of safe drinking water in disaster situationsAssess the impacts of extreme events (natural and man-induced) onfacilities of the department and propose/undertake mitigation measuresUndertake risk assessment and management of ground waterresources in emergency situations

Develop infrastructure of transport & communication across the stateConstruction and repair of road, bridges, culverts in the state includingconstruction and repair /restoration of public buildings of the stateKeep infrastructure in operational condition, facilitate the movementof goods and services, emergency suppliesUndertake prevention / protection / structural rehabilitation / retrofittingmeasures of critical infrastructures or connectivity linksUndertake emergency repairs/restorationProvide regular capacity building/ training for staff to undertakevulnerability assessment of critical lifelines, develop mitigation optionsEnsure design and construction of buildings are in compliance toIndian Construction Codes of Practice (BIS)

Coordinate development of the power sector in the stateProvide adequate and quality power to the people and consumersduring normal times and as well as during the period of disasterUndertake risk assessment of the lifeline infrastructure (generation/transmission /distribution systems etc) to hazard risks and addressthrough mitigation measures

Department / Agency

Public HealthEngineering

Public WorkDepartment

Power


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Carry out disaster management activities pertaining to the sectorthrough Dept. of PowerPrepare disaster/hazard specific contingency plan

Draw upon subordinate organizations technical and scientificknowledge support to address DM concerns in the State

Ensure proper care of the uncared (Women/Child/ Vulnerable Groups/Old Aged/ Weaker sections/ physically challenged etc.)Protection of the most vulnerable sections of the society andcreation of an environment which is conducive to the all rounddevelopment of children, women and physically challenged personsIntegrate DM concerns in the ongoing welfare developmentschemes in the StateDevelop social safety nets taking into consideration of the hazardrisks in the region where the welfare schemes are under implementation

Training of NCC/NSS Volunteers/youth etc. in disaster managementConduct of awareness programme in the StateIntegrate DM into the activity forum

Undertake protection and response planning measures at alltourist destinations of the StateEstablish mechanism to address distress call of foreign andIndian nationalsLiaison with departments responsible for protection of culturalheritage properties from hazard risks / disastersTo keep record of all tourists (Domestic/International) visiting thestate.

Ensure functioning of Mainland and Inland Water Transport (ferry/cargo/commercial/ passenger services etc) across the StateRoad safety (Accident prevention)Education and awarenessArrange vehicles for transport of people and relief supplies,navigation aid

Department / Agency

Science and Technology

Social Welfare

Sports and YouthWelfare

Tourism

Department ofTransport


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6.12 Standard Operation Procedures

6.12.1 General Preparedness:

Each Department and Govt. agency involved in Disaster Management and mitigation will:Designate a Nodal officer for emergency response who will act as the contact person for thatdepartment / agency.Ensure establishment of failsafe two-way communication with the State, District and otheremergency control rooms and within the organization.Emphasis on communication systems used regularly in normal times with more focus on the useof VHFs with automatic repeaters, mobile phones with publicized numbers, HF radio sets etc.It should be remembered that SAT phones fail during prolonged emergencies and electricfailure if the phones cannot be re-charged.

All agencies will work under the overall supervision of the SEC / the district Collectors duringemergencies

6.12.2 Department of Home

Advance Preparedness: -Establishment of State Disaster Response Force and regular conduct of training activitiesConduct scenario exercises / table-top exercises / full scale exercises to determine the state ofpreparedness of key response institutions and provide feedback for improvement.Ensure operational readiness of the key units functional within the Home Department.


Implementation of development schemes (services)Up-gradation of services in cities and townsConstruction of disaster resilient buildingsImplementation of techno-legal regime in all developmentschemesMonitoring/Enforcement mechanism to ensure earthquakeresistant design and construction of buildings, including third partyaudit for high-rise buildingsTraining and capacity building of engineer/masons etc.

Flood and erosion managementConstruction/strengthening/maintenance of embankment

Department / Agency

Urban Development &Housing

Water Resource Dept.


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Strengthen fire fighting capability of State and initiate backing up the Fire and EmergencyServices with Paramedics UnitDevelop fail safe emergency communication plan and initiate measures to reach out to distantcommunities situated in high altitude or inaccessible areasEnsure that all Response Forces / First Responders are housed in structurally safe buildingsand are backed with adequate tools to stage full scale responseUndertake vulnerability assessment of all facilities and initiate mitigation actionsMaintain line of communication as per the protocol

During/Post- DisasterMobilize response teams to hazard prone locations based on the warning informationCoordinate with the State Disaster Information Centre (State EOC)Facilitate evacuation orders, enforce / monitor process through PoliceDispatch response teams to the affected areasProvide resource support to conduct Search & Rescue OperationsMaintain law and order at all timesInitiate further actions based on SITREP prepared by State Disaster Information CentreRelay information through emergency communication linesProvide support to Fire & Emergency Services to undertake swift actionsRelay information to agencies at State Level in case of external supportProvide security cover / arrangements for VIP visitsAssist administration in supply and distribution, maintaining law and order in the StateEnsure smooth functioning of recovery and rehabilitation effortsAssist in management of the dead

3.12.3 Police Department

Task: Maintain Law & order

Undertake search & rescue works as well as orderly evacuation to safer placesUndertake fire fighting, if occursProtection of supply & convoys and assist in orderly distribution of relief assistance.

Advance Preparedness: -

Formation of teams & delegation or areasSkill up gradation trainings for the officers and supporting staffs & wardens/ post wardensMock drills according to plansEquipment/ machines upgraded & are in working condition


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Emergency Control Rooms operationalAdequate warning mechanism for evacuationIdentification of alternative routesImportant telephone/ contact details availableUnsocial elements/ groups identifiedIdentification of sensitive areas and patrollingPatrolling on important buildings/ highwaysSupport to administration on training to volunteersKeeping close contact with administration

During/Post- Disaster

Establish linkages with State/ District Control RoomsClose contact with Armed Forces for specialized assistance/ equipments for search andrescue establish Radio Communication to assist evacuation, information dissemination andchecking rumors.Evacuation of People & immediate reporting to higher authorityAssist seriously injured persons to go to treatment centersMaintain law and orderAssist fire brigade personnel in their effortsAssist and encourage the community in road-clearing operationTraffic management and patrolling as requiredSalvage operationProvide security in transit and relief camps, affected areas, lifeline infrastructures & services,ensure identified are cordoned offProvide security arrangement for visiting VVIPS and VIPsAssist administration to take necessary actions against hoarders, black marketers and thosemanipulating relief materialsIdentify and register the names of the dead and disposed personsSupport administration, Medical ,Community members in disposing dead bodiesAssist administration in supply and distribution of relief materialsDeploy police personnel near relief godownsEscort relief carrier vehicle and personnelRegular reporting to higher authorities about the situation including expenditure statement etc.In post operation phase, sit with the teams, discuss problems, suggest remedies, collectfeedback etc., to upgrade mitigation as well as action plans


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6.12.4 State Disaster Response Force [SDRF]

The SDRF 1st BN Chimpu will provide emergency support to the State Govt. in the event of naturaland man-made disaster in regards to the following :-

TaskUndertake search & rescue to save life of victim and evacuate them to safer places.To give medical aid to victims.Specialized response during disaster.Proactive deployment during impending disaster situation.Liaison reconnaissance, rehearsals and mock drill.To organized capacity building training to police personal and civilian.

Advance preparedness:Formation of teams and delegation of areas.To organized capacity building programme.To organized awareness campaign.Mock drill.Emergency control room operations.Adequate warning mechanism & evacuation.Identification of alternate routes.Identification of sensitive areas and disaster prone areas.Patrolling of important buildings/ highways etc.Keep close contact with administration.Advance planning and operations preparation for different disaster accordingly.

During Disaster:

Undertake search and rescue works as well as evacuation of victim and affected to saferplaces.To give medical first-aid to victims.Specialized response.Proactive deployment.

Post-Disaster:Established linkage with State/ District control rooms.Evacuation of victims and immediate reporting to higher authority.Distribution of relief packages provided by Govt. and NGO's.Assist and encourage the community in road cleaning operation.


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Assist the affected people in hygiene, cloths and shelter.Assist the affected peoples to stabilized the situation and in restoration process.

Department of AgricultureTask: Assist in assessment of damage to agriculture & farming community and help them to restarttheir agriculture/farming operations.

Advance Preparedness: -Identify hazard prone zonesSkill up gradation trainings for the officers/supporting staffs & volunteersFormation of teams & delegation of areasPlan for emergency accommodation for agriculture staff & other officers from outside area.Equipment/machines etc., upgraded & are in working conditionList of alternative safe routesImportant telephone/contact details availableKeeping close contact with administrationEncourage & ensure crop insurance by farmersDetermine the quantity, type of seeds/plants/medicines/tools and equipments etc which will berequired per district/block/village, in case of an emergencyEnsure people/farmers take the advantage of new schemes, technology and facilities providedby the government.List of possible storage godownsPre-contract with suppliers (seeds/plants/medicines/manure/tools/equipments)Estimate & maintain register of type of agriculture practices, land use pattern, type of cropsaccording to seasons, quantity of production, amount of cultivated area, insured crops etc &keep it updating.Monitor pest & disease controlDrought Management (PRE-DURING-POST)Generate awareness on community level preparedness

During/Post - DisasterEstablish linkages with State/District Control RoomsEnsure availability of staff and teams (extension officers and others) visiting/stationed atrespective disasters sites with necessary equipments, medicines, logistic support and authorityas planned and establish communication links.Assess the extent of damage to soil, crop, plantation, micro-irrigation systems, storagefacilities and the required intervention (estimate the requirement of seeds, fertilizers, pesticides,labour, tools and equipments etc).


Ensure stock of seeds/plants/medicines/manure/tools/ equipment, which are needed and tosupply immediately.Requisition of seeds/plants/medicines/manure/tools/equipments etc as per the pre-contract withthe suppliersClearance of debris, if any, due to land slide and flash flood and assist community in developingagricultural land.Organize transport, storage and distribution of the relief aid with adequate record keepingprocedure.Establish contact with water testing laboratories/officeRestore the agricultural operations (including soil conditions)Crop protectionRestore agriculture produce market.Arrangement of alternative power/ energy sources, as planned, to operate agriculture Depth. /field offices.Establish public information center to let the people know about the type of job done and thenecessary relief aid/new schemes etcMonitor pest and disease controlAssist community/farmers getting insurance benefit.All valuable equipments/ instruments/seeds/manure/ fertilizers and medicines etc should bepacked in protective coverings and stored in a safer place.Regular reporting to higher authorities about the situation including expenditure statement etc.In post operation phase, sit with the teams, review situation, discuss problems, suggestremedies, collect feedback etc., to upgrade mitigation as well as action plans

6.12.5 Department of Health Services & Family Welfare

TasksTo provide immediate medical, health and public hygiene servicesTo check outbreak of epidemics and provide onsite OT and Trauma ServicesAwareness generation on public health

Advance Preparedness: -Identify likely diseases associated with disastersSetting of quick response teams with team leaders and supporting staff (Identify by name &allocation)Skill up gradation trainings for the officers/supporting staffs & volunteersPlan for emergency accommodation for staff & other officers from outside area.Equipment/machines etc., upgraded & are in working condition

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Emergency fuel stored, vehicles including its batteries inspected & are in working conditionList of alternative safe routesImportant telephone/contact details availableKeeping close contact with administrationDetermine the quantity, type of medicines, medical support, equipments etc that will berequired per day/district/block/village, including relief camps etc in case of an emergencyMaintain inventory including portable equipments at different locations.

During/ Post - DisasterEstablish linkages with State/ District Control RoomClose contact with administrationLarge stock of surgical packs be sterilized to last for one week, at least & kept in a safer place.Arrange for emergency supplies of anesthetic drugsRequisition of medicines/equipments etc as per the pre-contract with the suppliersEnsure stock of equipment and drugs, which are needed and/or request HQ, on priority basis,to supply to the hospital immediatelyArrangement of alternative power/ energy sources, as planned, to operate hospital centers.Deployment of teams with necessary equipments, medicines etc and logistic support andauthority as planned and establish communication linksEnsure storage of safe drinking water and encourage water savings in the hospital.Ensure emergency admission procedures with adequate record keeping & establish publicinformation center to let the people know about the type of job done and the necessary reliefaid/new schemes, etcEnsure availability of staff and teams of doctors and assistants visiting disasters sitesAssist volunteers/village headman/police personnel in rescue & evacuation and/or disposal ofdead bodies claimed/ unclaimed after observing all codal formalities.Assist administration for setting up transit and relief camps, feeding centers and ensureadequate sanitary conditions.All valuable equipments/ instruments and medicines should be packed in protective coveringsand stored in a safer place.Regular reporting to higher authorities about the situation including expenditure statement etc.In post operation phase, sit with the teams, review situation, discuss problems, suggestremedies, collect feedback etc., to upgrade mitigation as well as action plans.

6.12.6 Department of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary

Tasks: Disposal of dead cattle and others animals to prevent outbreak of health and sanitation problemsManagement of livestock in emergency

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Assist Police and Civil Defense & police in disposal of dead bodies, claimed/ unclaimed, afterobserving all formalities

Advance Preparedness: -

Skill up gradation trainings for the officers/ supporting staffs & volunteersFormation of teams & delegation of areasPlan for emergency accommodation for veterinary staff & other officers from outside area.Equipment/machines etc., are in working conditionEmergency fuel stored, vehicles including its batteries inspected & are in working conditionList of alternative safe routesImportant telephone/contact details availableKeeping close contact with administrationDetermine the quantity, type of fodder/ medicines etc which will be required per day/ district/block/village , including relief camps etc in case of an emergencyList of possible storage godownsList of possible shelters (camps) for animalsPre-contract with suppliers (fodders/ medicines/ equipments)Maintain livestock updateIdentify hazard prone zonesMonitor disease controlEncourage farmers for insurance of their livestock

During/Post Disaster

Establish linkages with State/ District Control RoomsClose contact with administrationRequisition of fodders/ medicines/ equipments etc as per the pre-contact with the suppliersDeployment of teams with necessary equipments, medicines etc and logistic support andauthority as planned and establish communication linksEnsure storage of drinking of safe drinking water and encourage water savings in the hospital.Treatment of injured cattle/ livestockProtection and care of abandoned/ lost livestockAssist volunteers/ village headman/ police personnel in rescue & evacuation and/ or disposalof carcass as well as get insurance benefit.Assist administration for setting up transit and relief camps, feeding centers and ensureadequate sanitary conditions.Organize transfer of seriously injured livestock from villages to veterinary aid centers whereverpossible.

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Establish cattle camps and additional veterinary aid centers at disaster sites and designate anOfficer-in-Charge for the Camp.Estimate the requirement of water, fodder, medicines and animal feed and organize the sameRegular reporting to higher authorities about the situation including expenditure statement etc.In post operation phase, sit with the teams, review situation, discuss problems, suggestremedies, collect feedback etc., to upgrade mitigation as well as action plans.

6.12.7 Public Health & Engineering Department

Task: To provide immediate supply of clean drinking water in the disaster affected areas and in therelief camps and hospitals etc.

Advance Preparedness: -Identify hazard prone zones. Maintain a list of weak points/ disaster prone areaSkill up gradation trainings for the officers/ supporting staffsFormation of teams & delegation of areasPlan for emergency accommodation for staff & other officers from outside area.Equipment/ machines etc., upgraded & are in working conditionEmergency fuel stored, vehicles including its batteries inspected & are in working conditionList of alternative safe routesImportant telephone/ contact details availableMitigations undertaken as per the planKeeping close contact with administrationPre-contract with suppliers (tools/ equipments)Generate awareness on community level preparedness

During/Post - DisasterEstablish linkages with State/ District Control RoomsClose contact with administrationDeployment of teams with necessary equipments/ tools, logistic support & authority, as plannedand establish communication linksUndertake inspection to ensure the safety of intake structures, pumping stations, water sources(catchment areas/reservoirs/tanks/wells etc), treatment plants, storage tanks (hospital etc),sewerage lines and of other equipments and review extent of damage. Issue necessary safetymeasures and guidelines.Undertake chlorination, bacteriological analysis, determination of chlorine residue &restoration of water works. Daily determination of the chlorine residual in public water toavoid the presence of Escherichia coli & other contamination in public water supply.

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Recruit casual labours on an emergency basis for clearing damaged pipes, blocked sewerageand salvage of important equipment and accessoriesCheck the condition & contamination level of private water sources including water fromstreams, wells, tube wells etc, if any, and use scientific methods of de-contamination to makeit edible/ use worthy.Restore and ensure uninterrupted water supply to all vital installation, facilities and sites(life-line buildings, relief camps, feeding centers, godowns hospitals, etc).Assist health authorities to identify appropriate sources of potable waterEncourage public for economic use of waterMake provisions to acquire tankers and establish other temporary means of distributing wateron an emergency basis.Requisition of equipments etc as per the pre-contract with the suppliersA minimum level of stock should be maintained for emergencies and should include extralength of pipes, connections, joints, hydrants and disinfectant/ bleaching powder.Adequate tools should be on hand to carry out emergency repairs.Arrangement of alternative power/ energy sources, as planned, to operate PHE centersCover and guard the pumps/ motors with adequate protection so that it is not damaged orstolenRegular reporting to higher authorities about the situation including expenditure statement etc.

6.12.8 Department of Food & Civil Supplies

Tasks:To meet the shortage of supply of food, baby food, P.O.L, S.K.O., LPG, Candles & Batteries.Action against black marketers, hoarders, etc.

Advance Preparedness: -Identify hazard prone zones. Formation of teams & delegation of areasDetermine the quantity & type of supplies required in a disaster (e.g. dry food, ready to eatfood, essential commodities, SKO, LPG. P.O.L, toiletries, blankets etc) & tie up with suppliers.Identify storage facilities, location & capacity wiseMaintain a list of suppliers of different commodities in the State & outside the State( in NEregion)Plan for emergency accommodation for officers & staff from outside area.Emergency fuel stored, vehicles including its batteries inspected & are in working conditionList of alternative safe routesImportant telephone/ contact details availablePre-contract with suppliers

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During/Post DisasterArrange and dispatch supplies to affected areas as per the requisitionArrange distribution of commodities to the affected peopleTake action against black marketers, hoarders etc and maintain price lineRegular reporting to higher authorities about the situation including expenditure statement etc.In post operation phase, have review meeting, gather proper feedbacks and proper reporting.

6.12.9 Public Works Department

Task:To clear roads, replace collapsed bridges by temporary bridging equipment or makingtemporary arrangementsAssist concerned authorities to repair damaged air-stripes, helipadsProviding engineering support to Search & Rescue Teams (SRT)Providing support of heavy equipments i.e., Earth Movers, Bulldozers, etcAssist Revenue Department to provide temporary shelters/ tents

Advance Preparedness: -Formation of teams & delegation of areasSkill up gradation trainings for the officers and supporting staffsMock drills according to plansIdentify weak structures/ weak points vulnerable to Earthquake/ LandslideInspect all roads, bridges, including under water inspection of foundation and piers. A fullcheck should be made on all concrete and steel workEquipment/ machines etc., upgraded & are in working condition; procurement of tentageequipmentsEmergency fuel stored, vehicles including its batteries inspected & are in working conditionPreparation of possible helipads; inform its longitude/ latitude to State/ District Control roomsNon-destructive test & retrofitting of lifeline buildings & important structure to ensure seismicproof (along with the Urban Affairs Department).Heavy equipments, such as front-end loaders, should be moved to areas likely to be damagedand secured in a safe place.Retrofitting of roadsList of safe alternative routesImportant telephone/contact details availableTraining of masons on retrofitting and building bye-laws (along with the Urban Affairs Department)Keeping close contact with administration


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Pre-contract arrangement with suppliers for requisite equipment/ storesGenerate awareness on community level preparedness

During/Post - DisasterEstablish linkages with State/ District Control RoomsClose contact with administrationRequisition of vehicle, debris cleaning equipments etc as per the pre-contract with the suppliersDeployment of teams with necessary equipments, such as towing vehicles, earth movingequipment, cranes etc., as planned and establish communication linksAdequate road signs should be installed to guide and assist the driversRecruiting casual labors to work with experienced staff and divide into work gangsAssist fire brigade/ police personnel in rescue & evacuation by clearing debrisUndertake cleaning of ditches, grass cutting, the burning or removal of debris and the cutting ofdangerous trees along the road side in the affected areaRestoration of roads to their normal conditions by establishing a priority listing of which roadswill be opened first. Among the most important are the roads to hospitals and main trunkroutes, routes to relief godowns, camps etc. undertake cleaning of all paved and unpaved roadsurfaces including edge metaling, pothole patching and any failure of surface foundation theaffected areas and keep monitoring their conditionsMobilize community/ headmen/ volunteers in road-cleaning operationRepair/reconstruction of public utilities and buildingsIf people are evacuating an area, the evacuation routes should be checked and people assistedAssist administration for setting up transit and relief camps, feeding centers, hospitalsWork under construction should be secured with ropes, sandbags and covered withintarpaulins, if necessary.Regular reporting to higher authorities about the situation including expenditure statement etc.In post operation phase, sit with the teams, review situation, discuss problems, suggestremedies, collect feedback etc., to upgrade mitigation as well as action plans

6.12.10 Department of Power & Hydro Power

Tasks:Restoration of power supplyProvision of power/ electricity to hospitals, lifeline buildings, feeding centers

Advance Preparedness: -Clear definition of individual domain - who will do what?Skill up gradation trainings for the officers/ supporting staffs


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Identify hazard prone zones. Formation of teams & delegation of areasPlan for emergency accommodation for officers & staff from outside area.Equipment/ machines etc., are in working conditionEmergency fuel stored, vehicles including its batteries inspected & are in working conditionList of alternative safe routesImportant telephone/ contact details availableTie-up in advance with suppliers (equipments)Arrange disaster management tool kit, at each sub-station, comprising cable cutters, pulleyblocks, jungle knives, axes, crowbars, ropes, back saws spanners and tents for crews.Generate awareness on community level preparedness

During/Post - DisasterEstablish linkages with State/ District Control RoomsDeployment of teams with necessary equipments, logistic support and authority as plannedand establish communication linksSwitch off the power supply immediately to avoid further damage to life and property duringthe time of disasterImmediately undertake inspection of Power grids, barrage, high tension lines, towers,substations, transformers, insulators, poles, and other equipments and review extent of dam-age. Undertake restoration worksRestore power supply and ensure uninterrupted power to all vital installation, facilities and sites(relief camps, feeding centers, and godowns).Recruit casual labors on an emergency basis for clearing damaged poles and salvage ofimportant equipment and accessories.Requisition of equipments etc as per the pre-contract with the suppliersArrangement of alternative power/ energy sources, as planned, to operate hospital centers andlifeline buildings (DC Office/ State Control Room/ Police Stations/ Tele-communication Build-ings/ IMD etc)Regular reporting to higher authorities about the situation including expenditure statement etc.In post operation phase, sit with the teams, review situation, discuss problems, suggestremedies, collect feedback etc., to upgrade mitigation as well as action plans

6.12.11 Department of Environment & Forests

Advance Preparedness:-Promotion of shelter belt plantationPublishing for public knowledge details of forest cover, use of land under the forestdepartment, the rate of depletion and its causes


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Keep saws (both power and manual) in working conditionsProvision of seedling to the community and encouraging plantation activities, promotingnurseries for providing seedlings in case of destruction of trees during natural disastersIEC activities for greater awareness regarding the role of trees and forests for protectionduring emergencies and also to minimize environmental impact which result as a result of de-forestation like climate change, soil erosion, etc.Increasing involvement of the community, NGOs and CBOs in plantation, protection and otherforest protection, rejuvenation and restoration activities.Plan for reducing the incidence, and minimize the impact of forest fireDuring and Post Disaster ManagementAssist in road clearanceProvide tree cutting equipmentsUnits for tree cutting and disposal to be put under the control of SRC, DC during emergencyProvide building materials such as bamboos etc for construction of sheltersTake up plantation to make good the damage caused to tree cover

6.12.12 Department of State Transport Service

Task:Arrangement of transport for reaching supplies to affected areasTransport for evacuation of peopleTransport of medical teams

Advance Preparedness: -Identify hazard prone zones. Formation of teams & delegation of areasPlan for emergency accommodation for officers & staff from outside area.Emergency fuel stored, vehicles including its batteries inspected & are in working conditionList of alternative safe routesImportant telephone/ contact details availablePre-contract with suppliersProvide list of important telephone/ contact numbersAssessment of the likely requirement in the event of a disasterInformation about various classes/ types of vehicles available, location-wiseKeep vehicle requisition forms ready in sufficient numbers

During/Post -DisasterGet in touch with State/ District Control RoomsAscertain the actual requirement from Control Room, Supplies Depth., Housing Depth,


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Medical DepartmentArrange vehicle for evacuation , maintenance of supplies and medical aid etc.,\Regular reporting to higher authorities about the situation including expenditure statement etc.In post operation phase, sit with the teams, review situation, discuss problems, suggestremedies, collect feedback etc., to upgrade mitigation as well as action plans

6.12.13 Department of Rural Development/ Panchayat

Advance PreparednessDevelop prevention/ mitigation strategies for risk reduction at community levelTraining of public representatives on various aspects of disaster managementPublic awareness on various aspects of disaster managementOrganize mock drillsPromote and support community-based disaster management plansSupport strengthening response mechanisms at the village level (e.g., better communication,local storage, search & rescue equipments, etc.)Ensure alternative routes/ means of communication for movement of relief materials andpersonnel to marooned areas or areas likely to be marooned.Assist all the government departments to plan and prioritize prevention and preparednessactivities while ensuring active community participation

During/ Post DisasterTrain up the BDC/ BSC Members and support for timely and appropriate delivery of warningto the communityConstruct alternative temporary roads to restore communication to the villagesOperationalise emergency relief centers and emergency shelterSanitation, drinking water and medical aid arrangementsParticipate in post impact assessment of emergency situationSupport in search, rescue and first aidProvision of personal support services e.g. CounselingRepair/ restoration of infrastructure e.g. roads, bridges, public amenitiesSupporting the villages in development of storage and in playing a key role and in thecoordination of management and distribution of relief and rehabilitation materialsProvide training so that the elected representatives can act as effectives supportiveAgencies for reconstruction and recovery activities.


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6.12.14 Department of Urban Development & Housing

TaskImplementation of development schemes (services)Up-gradation of services in cities and townsImplementation of techno-legal regime in all development schemes.Monitoring/ enforcement mechanism to ensure earthquake resistant design and construction ofbuilding.

Advance PreparednessTraining and capacity building of engineers and masons on safe construction.Identify mechanism for outreach of information to people residing in urban areas.Support activities to undertake risk assessment of the urban areas/ townsFacilitate developing a robust plan in urban areas.

During/ Post DisasterUndertake rapid assessment of damage areasHousing back people to homes that are determined safe.Work with other line departments/ agency for removal of debris.Mobilize efforts for undertaking heavy urban search & rescue, medical care/ mass casuality careProvision of shelter to the needy and minimize failure of basic servicesRestoration of basic servicesProvision of temporary housing for relief & rehabilitation in urban areas

6.12.15 Water Resources Department

TaskFlood and erosion managementConstruction/ strengthening/ maintenance of embankment

Advance PreparednessUpdate embankment maintenance manualActivate flood monitoring in all flood prone areasEstablish coordination linkages with village teams for embankment strengthening and safetyObserve and collect local data to determine flash floodsCoordinate with IMD & CWCUndertake mapping of vulnerable areas and risk spotsConduct pre-monsoon preparedness meeting to take stock of current status, discuss aboutcritical areas, preparedness checks etc.


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Under take mitigation actions as per the guidelines.

During/ Post DisasterTranslate department action based on rainfall forecast and flood information.Activate response planEnsure safety of embankments, take immediate protection measures to prevent breach.Undertake possible interventions to minimize further damageUndertake emergency and long-term flood protection works, embankments etc.

6.12.16 Fire and Emergency Services

TaskFire Fighting in case of fire accidents

Advance PreparednessInspection of all high rise buildings, other establishments and assess their fire preventive andpreparedness and effectiveness of fire fighting equipments.Conduct of awareness programme for fire safety and organize drill at public places orprominent areas.Conduct periodical trainings on rescue operation from fire and other natural calamities

During/ Post DisasterFire Fighting in case of fire accidentsTo save life and property in case of fire hazards and other natural calamities

6.12.17 Department of Information and Public Relations

General TasksCreation of public awareness regarding various types of disasters through media propagationDissemination of information to public and others concerned regarding do's and don'ts ofvarious disastersRegular liaison with the media Response ActivitiesSetting up of a control room to provide authentic information to public regarding impendingemergenciesDaily press briefings at fixed times at state & district levels to provide official versionKeep the public informed about the latest of the emergency situation (area affected, lives lost,etc)Keep the public informed about various post disaster assistances and recovery programmesDocumentation


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6.12.18 Department of Education

Advance PreparednessDevelop a department wide plan in DMEnsure all schools/institutions within the department jurisdiction (Govt and Private) haveBuilding Level Emergency Response/Preparedness PlanUndertake training of teachers in preparation of School Disaster Management PlanUndertake training of children and school staff in basic first-aid, select search and rescuemethods.Organize rally and education programmes to raise awarenessEncourage to volunteer and participate in DM activities, conduct preparedness drillsUndertake vulnerability assessment of education infrastructure and publish analysis/findingsIdentify structural and non-structural risk reduction/mitigation measuresDevelop state level mitigation planWork towards developing safety policy and safety rules that can be applicable to Govt andPrivate run institutions Ensure hazard resistant design is an integral part of design and construc-tion of new buildings/new rooms or any expansion activityConvey appropriate information to the administration staff in the department, further relay ofinformation based on established protocol

During/ Post DisasterUndertake rapid damage assessment of health facilities. Declare facilities fit for continuingoperationsNotify continuation of activities or temporary closure till situation is normalizedBased on the notification / disaster declaration, provide necessary support for schools tofunction as temporary shelters / relief distribution centresDetailed damage assessment of education infrastructureEnsure DRR concerns are considered in design of new facilities/strengthening of existing facilities

6.12.19 Department of Planning/ Finance

Advance PreparednessGarner Support towards making provisions for establishing State Disaster/Hazard MitigationFundEstablish State Disaster/Hazard Mitigation FundDirect development planning activities/schemes to incorporate or build-in safety nets/mitigation measures


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During/ Post DisasterDetermine preliminary allocation of funds to undertake relief effortsMobilization of resources

6.12.20 Department of Social Welfare

Advance PreparednessIntegrate DM concerns in the ongoing welfare development schemes in the StateIdentify vulnerable population and social groups which require special attention during disastertimesUndertake training of communities and build awareness of local environment and associatedhazard risks, community measures which can reduce vulnerability within their location, pro-mote Community based disaster risk managementIdentifying/communicate resource management at local level/community level to assistthemselves to meet immediate needs of water, food, clothing and shelter (promote self-help)Develop social safety nets taking into consideration of the hazard risks in the region where thewelfare schemes are under implementation

During/ Post DisasterIdentify evacuation points/ centres for communitiesFacilitate provision of services to meet people's needs in risk prone areasProvide welfare services to disaster affected people Ensure proper care of the uncaredProvide protection of the most vulnerable sections of the societyFacilitate the process of financial assistanceParticipate and involve in recovery efforts and community rehabilitationAdminister relief/financial assistance is made eligible to disaster affected individuals/communitiesCreate an environment which is conducive to the all round development of children, womenand physically challenged persons

6.12.21 Department of Fisheries

Preparedness, Planning and Mapping:

Awareness Campaign.Training/Capacity Building.Co- ordination.Identification of resources / locations.Action on spot.Enforcement of laws/regulation


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During Disaster / outbreak :Warning deliberation through media / face book, SMS, person etc.Action/ Combat.Co-ordination.Report and information dissemination.Maintaining Records.Revision and reaction

Post -disaster :Preparation of report and submissionPlanning of alternative fish seeds/fingerlings.Identification of location / resource.Mobilization of resources.Action through Extension service.Restoration, Revision and Reaction

6.12.22 Department Of Disaster Management

PreparednessCoordinate with SDMA/SEC on all preparedness activities in the State.Establish infrastructure and human resource support at Department level to undertake DMactivities.Periodic check of 'state of readiness' for all hazard risks/conduct preparedness activities anddirect actions.Establish South West Monsoon readiness in the state along with the support of Administration(State & District) /line departments/ Agencies.Report to SEC on preparedness level of departments and administration units minimum oncea year.

Prevention & MitigationEstablish State Disaster Mitigation on the line of National Disaster Mitigation Fund.Review of mitigation and prevention measures taken by the department and line agenciesReview of hazard risk and vulnerability assessment of the state and direct actions as and whenrequired.Vulnerability reduction in rural areas.

Alert & Warning StageEstablish early warning systems in the state for hazard risks.Establish working relationship with warning agencies in the state and the national level.


Establish protocols for dissemination of warning information (if needed, simplified throughcolor coded information) through DEOC/District Administration/ Agencies/Line Departments/SEOC.Continuously monitor the field situation and determine activation/deactivation of disasterresponse through SEOC/DEOC/District Administration/ Agencies/Line Departments.Prepare situation reports and update SEC members and all line departments, administrationunits.Dispatch/preposition teams (quick response team, medical response team, search and rescueteam, paramedics) in high risk prone areas which are under the influence of certain intensityhazard. This will only be done when it is requisition by the affected DDMA/Dist.Admn and itis approved by SDMA/SEC/DDMA/Dist.Admn

ResponseCoordinate and manage response actions (incident/disaster).Address the injured and minimize casualties, take immediate actions to reduce exposure tohazard condition.Deploy rapid damage assessment to gather field information.Take support from agencies equipped with disaster information systems to share satellite dataand related analysis indicating the level of hazard or vulnerability or potential threat/risk.Conduct assessment of damage and estimate relief needs.Distribution of relief material and direct restoration of basic services to the affectedcommunity/region as per Govt. of India norms.Direct agencies to set up temporary elements to the affected population, ensure departmentscater to minimum operating standards for distribution of relief.Coordinate with all possible stakeholders including the donors, NGOs, INGOs, Media,Private & Voluntary Sector.

6.13 Information ManagementThe objective of information management is to provide the right information to the right person

at the right time in the right format. During emergency response activities, all participating agencies,persons affected and the wider communities need information. Dissemination of critical informationrequired during emergencies through use of display boards, etc. can minimize confusion. Training ofpersons responsible for briefing the media is required. A lot of confusion can be avoided throughregular press briefings.

6.14 Media Liaison

Media management during a disaster is an important aspect. The SDMA/SEC/DDMA/DCwill ensure that upto- date and accurate information is made available.

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A media centre should be established with the involvement of Dept. of IPR at the state leveland DIPRO in the district(s) affected.

The office of the SEC will also establish a Media Centre attached to the State EmergencyOperation Center to be operated by the DIPR

6.15 Post-operational Debriefing

The SEC/DDMA/DC is responsible for convening a debriefing conference as soon as practi-cable after cessation of response activities. All agencies that participated in those activities will berepresented with a view to assessing the adequacy of the response and to recommend any changes tothe relevant plan(s).

6.16 Green Corridor for NDRF Colony

The Department of PWD, UD & Housing, RWD and Home will ensure the provision of GreenCorridor for NDRF convoy deployed during Disaster situation.

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Sendai Framework and StrengtheningDisaster Risk Governance

Chapter 7

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Sendai Framework and StrengtheningDisaster Risk Governance

7.1. The Sendai Framework states that disaster risk governance at different levels is of greatimportance for an effective and efficient management of disaster risk. It also requires clear vision,plans, competence, guidance and coordination within and across sectors, as well as participation ofrelevant stakeholders. Strengthening disaster risk governance is necessary to foster collaboration andpartnerships for the implementation of disaster risk reduction and sustainable development. The SendaiFramework lays emphasis on the following to strengthen disaster risk governance:

1. Mainstream and integrate disaster risk reduction within and across all sectors and promote thecoherence and development of relevant laws, regulations and public policies. It must guideboth the public and private sectors through the legal framework that clearly spells out the rolesand responsibilities. It must address disaster risk in publically owned, managed or regulatedservices and infrastructures. It must encourage actions by persons, households, communitiesand businesses. It has to enhance relevant mechanisms and initiatives for disaster risktransparency. It must put in place coordination and organizational structures.

2. Adopt and implement disaster risk reduction strategies and plans, across different levels(Local to State) and timescale, aimed at preventing the creation of risk, the reduction ofexisting risk and the strengthening resilience-economic, social, health and environmental.

3. Carry out assessment of the technical, financial and administrative disaster risk managementcapacity to deal with the identified risks at different levels.

4. Promote necessary mechanism and incentives to ensure high levels of compliance with thesafety-enhancing provisions of sectoral laws and regulations, including those addressing landuse, urban planning, building codes, environment, resource management, health and safetystandards, and update them, where needed, for better disaster risk management.

5. Develop and strengthen mechanism to periodically review and assess the progress on variousDM plans as well as encourage institutional debates, including by Parliamentarians andrelevant officials, on DRR plans.

6. Assign clear roles and tasks to community representatives within disaster risk managementinstitutions and processes and decision-making through legal frameworks, and undertakecomprehensive public and community consultations during the development of such laws andregulations to support their implementation.

7. Establish and strengthen Government coordination forums composed of relevant stakeholdersat the State and Local levels, such as State and local platforms for disaster risk reduction.


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8. Empower local authorities, as appropriate, through regulatory and financial mechanism to workand coordinate with civil society, communities and indigenous people and migrants in disasterrisk management at the local level.

9. Work with Parliamentarians for disaster risk reduction by developing or amending relevantlegislation and setting budget allocations.

10. Promote the development of quality standards, such as certification and awards for disasterrisk management, with the participation of the private sector, civil society, professionalassociations, scientific organizations and United Nations.

11. Formulate relevant public policies and laws aimed at addressing issues of prevention orrelocation, where possible, of human settlements in disaster risk prone zones.

7.2 Responsibility Matrix for Strengthening Disaster Risk GovernanceThe generalized responsibility matrix given in this section summarizes the theme for strengthen-

ing Disaster Risk Governance and specifies agencies at the State and District with their respectiveroles. The matrix has six thematic areas in which Government have to take actions to strengthen disas-ter risk governance :

1. Mainstream and integrate Disaster Risk Reduction and Institutional Strengthening.2. Capacity Development3. Promote Participatory Approaches4. Work with Elected Representatives5. Grievance Redress Maechanism6. Promote Quality Standards, Certifications and Awards for Disaster Risk Management

Major Theme

State/ District Agencies and their responsibilities

State Responsibility

1 Mainstream and integrate disaster risk reduction within and across all sectors

SDMA, DDMA, PRIs, ULBs, all Departments involved in disaster management

Promote the coherence and development of relevant laws, regulations and public policies Adopt and implement disaster risk reduction strategies and plans, across different levels and timescale Carryout assessment of the technical, financial and administrative capacity for disaster risk management at the State, Districts and Local levels Make institutions efficient and responsive Improve work culture Develop mechanisms and processes to ensure transparency and accountability Enhance relevant mechanisms and initiatives for transparency Strengthen/ establish coordination and convergence mechanisms at State, Districts and local levels Promote necessary mechanisms and incentives to ensure high levels of compliance with the safety-enhancing provisions

Strengthening Disaster Risk Governance


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2 Capacity Development (Hazard-wise)


Implementation in State Ministries, Departments/ Agencies Involving communities, Panchayats, Municipalities, ULBs, elected representatives, Civil Society Organization, private sectors and educational institutions. Develop capabilities at State, Districts, Blocks and local levels to understand disaster risk, develop DM plans, implement relevant policies, laws and ensure compliance with risk reduction safety standards

3 Promote Participatory Approaches

SDMA, DDMA, DRD, UD, PRIs, ULBs, all Departments involved in disaster management

Empower local authorities Implement participatory approaches in disaster management based on a multi-hazard approach, with emphasis on hazards more frequent in the region/ location Establish and strengthen Government coordination forums composed of relevant stakeholders Promote for participation of individuals, households, communities and businesses in all aspects of disaster management

4 Work with elected representative

SDMA, DDMA, DRD, UD, PRIs, ULBs, all Departments involved in disaster management

Sensitize the political leadership Involve the political leadership at State, District, Block and local levels in discussions on disaster management

5 Grievance redress mechanism


Ensuring the functioning of a sound grievance redress mechanism in all the Ministries/ Agencies involved in disaster response

6 Promote quality standards, such as certification and awards for disaster risk management (Hazard-wise)


Ensure implementation of standards Develop suitable bye-laws specially for urban and rural areas Monitor compliance


Partnership with Stakeholders

Chapter 8

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Partnership with Stakeholders

Disaster Management is an inclusive field and requires contribution from all stakeholders inorder to effectively manage the emergency situation. Coordination amongst various stakeholders hencebecomes extremely important to achieve the desired results.

There are various agencies / organizations / departments and authorities that constitute a corenetwork for implementing various disaster management related functions / activities. It also includesacademic, scientific and technical organizations which have an important role to play in various facetsof disaster management. A brief note on the role and activities of such functionaries and the existingsystem of coordination established by the State Government with them is mentioned below.

8.1 NDMA

The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), as the apex body in the GoI, has theresponsibility of laying down policies, plans and guidelines for DM and coordinating theirenforcement and implementation for ensuring timely and effective response to disasters

The guidelines assist the central ministries, departments and states to formulate their respectiveplans. It also approves the National Disaster Management plan prepared by the NationalExecutive Committee (NEC) and plans of the central ministries and departments.

It takes such other measures as it may consider necessary, for the prevention of disasters, ormitigation, or preparedness and capacity building, for dealing with a threatening disaster situa-tion or disaster.

It also oversees the provision and application of funds for mitigation and preparednessmeasures. It has the power to authorize the departments or authorities concerned, to makeemergency procurement of provisions or materials for rescue and relief in a threatening disas-ter situation or disaster. It also provides such support to other countries in times of disasters asmay be determined by the central government. .

The State keeps in touch with the NDMA for implementing various projects / schemes whichare being funded through the Central Government. The State also appraises the NDMA aboutthe action taken by the State Government regarding preparation of DM plans and implemen-tation of guidelines issued by NDMA for various hazards from time to time

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8.2 National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM)

The NIDM, in partnership with other research institutions has capacity development as one ofits major responsibilities, along with training, research, documentation and development of aNational level information base. It networks with other knowledge-based institutions and functionwithin the broad policies and guidelines laid down by the NDMA.

It organizes training of trainers, DM officials and other stakeholders as per the trainingcalendar finalized in consultation with the respective State Governments

8.3 National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)

For the purpose of specialized response to a threatening disaster situation or disasters/emergencies both natural and man-made, the National Disaster Management Act hasmandated the constitution of a National Disaster Response Force (NDRF).

The general superintendence, direction and control of this force is vested in and exercised bythe NDMA and the command and supervision of the Force is vested in an officer appointed bythe Central Government as the Director General of Civil Defense and National DisasterResponse Force. Presently, the NDRF comprises eight battalions and further expansion maybe considered in due course. These battalions are positioned at different locations across theState.

NDRF units maintains close liaison with the designated State Governments and are availableto them in the event of any serious threatening disaster situation. While the handling of naturaldisasters rests with all the NDRF battalions, four battalions are equipped and trained torespond to situations arising out of CBRN emergencies

Training centres are also set up by respective paramilitary forces to train personnel from NDRFbattalions of respective forces and also meets the training requirements of State/UT DisasterResponse Forces. The NDRF units also impart basic training to all the stakeholders identifiedby the State Governments in their respective locations. In addition, the State Government alsoutilizes the services of the NDRF whenever required during emergency search, rescue andresponse.

Location to stationing the NDRF teams has been identified by State Govt.

8.4 Armed Forces

Conceptually, the Armed Forces are called upon to assist the civil administration only when thesituation is beyond the coping capability of the State Government. In practice, however, theArmed Forces form an important part of the Government's response capacity and are imme-diate responders in all serious disaster situations

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On account of their vast potential to meet any adverse challenge, speed of operationalresponse and the resources and capabilities at their disposal, the Armed Forces have histori-cally played a major role in emergency support functions. These include communication, searchand rescue operations, health and medical facilities, and transportation, especially in theimmediate aftermath of a disaster. Airlift, heli-lift and movement of assistance to neighboringcountries primarily fall within the expertise and domain of the Armed Forces

The Armed Forces also participates in imparting training to trainers and DM managers,especially in CBRN aspects, high-altitude rescue, waterman ship and training of paramedics.At the State and District levels, the local representatives of the Armed Forces have beenincluded in their executive committees to ensure closer coordination and cohesion in allaspects related to Disaster Management

8.5 Indian Railways

Indian Railways is spread over a vast geographical area over 63,327 route kilometers. Unlikein other countries where the role of Railways, in the event of a disaster, is restricted to clearingand restoring the traffic, in our country Indian Railways handles the rescue and relief opera-tions. Railways are preferred mode of transport both for the movement of people and reliefmaterial in bulk, if accessible.

Railways should have a provision for transportation of mass community and proper handlingand distribution of relief material (through special trains, if required) in their disaster manage-ment plan

8.6 Indian Meteorological Department (IMD)

The meteorological department undertakes observations, communications, forecasting andweather services. IMD was also the first organization in India to have a message switchingcomputer for supporting its global data exchange

In collaboration with the Indian Space Research Organization, the IMD also uses the IndianNational Satellite System (INSAT) for weather monitoring of the Indian subcontinent, beingthe first weather bureau of a developing country to develop and maintain its own geostationarysatellite system

Earthquakes occurring in the State which are of magnitude 3.0 and above on Richter Scale arealso reported by the IMD to the State Government immediately

8.7 State Disaster Response Force (SDRF)

As per the provisions of the National Disaster Management Act, the States are beingencouraged to create response capabilities from within their existing resources on similarpattern of NDRF

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APSDMA, through the Home Department, has nominated 2(two) teams from State policepersonnel as State Disaster Response Force (SDRF) teams, each having strength of 47personnel each with a total strength of 94 personnel.

8.8 State Fire & Emergency Services

The State Fire & emergency Services are crucial immediate responders during any disaster.They are the first responders (during the Golden Hour after a disaster) and hence play a vitalrole in saving lives and property immediately after a disaster

The State Government has therefore paid apt attention in equipping and strengthening thecapacities of the Fire Services in responding to various disasters.

Continuous training is also being provided to the fire staff in using and maintaining theequipment. Several officers of the rank of Fire Officers are also sent to training organized byNIDM and other institutes of the Central /State Government from time to time

8.9 State Disaster Management Authority:

(1) State Authority shall have the responsibility for laying down policies and plans for disastermanagement in the State.

(2) Without prejudice to the generality of provisions contained in sub-section (1) of the DisasterManagement Act 2005, the State Authority may-

(a) Lay down the State disaster management policy;

(b) Approve the State Plan in accordance with the guidelines laid down by the National Authority;

(c) Approve the disaster management plans prepared by the departments of the Government ofthe State;

(d) Lay down guidelines to be followed by the departments of the Government of the State for thepurposes of integration of measures for prevention of disasters and mitigation in their develop-ment plans and projects and provide necessary technical assistance therefore;

(e) Coordinate the implementation of the State Plan;

(f) Recommend provision of funds for mitigation and preparedness measures;

(g) Review the development plans of the different departments of the State and ensure thatprevention and mitigation measures are integrated therein;

(h) Review the measures being taken for mitigation, capacity building and preparedness by thedepartments of the Government of the State and issue such guidelines as may be necessary.

(3) The Chairperson of the State Authority shall, in the case of emergency, have power to exerciseall or any of the powers of the State Authority but the exercise of such powers shall be subjectto ex post facto ratification of the State Authority.

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The State Government shall constitute a State Executive Committee (SEC) to assist the SDMAin the performance of its functions. The SEC will be headed by the Chief Secretary to the StateGovernment and coordinate and monitor the implementation of the National Policy, the National Planand the State Plan. The SEC will also provide information to the NDMA relating to different aspects ofDM.

District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) 3.2.8 The DDMA will be headed by theDistrict Collector, Deputy Commissioner or District Magistrate as the case may be, with the electedrepresentative of the local authority as the Co-Chairperson. DDMA will act as the planning, coordinat-ing and implementing body for DM at District Page 12 of 53 level and take all necessary measures forthe purposes of DM in accordance with the guidelines laid down by the NDMA and SDMA. It will,inter alia prepare the District DM plan for the district and monitor the implementation of the NationalPolicy, the State Policy, the National Plan, the State Plan and the District Plan. DDMA will also ensurethat the guidelines for prevention, mitigation, preparedness and response measures laid down by theNDMA and the SDMA are followed by all Departments of the State Government at the District leveland the local authorities in the district.

8.10 District Disaster Management Authority:

(1) The District Authority shall act as the district planning; coordinating and implementing body fordisaster management and take all measures for the purposes of disaster management in thedistrict in accordance with the guidelines laid down by the National Authority and the StateAuthority.

(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the provisions of sub-section (1)of the DisasterManagement Act 2005, the District Authority may-

(i) Prepare a disaster management plan including district response plan for the district;

(ii) Coordinate and monitor the implementation of the National Policy, State Policy, National Plan,State Plan and District Plan;

(iii) Ensure that the areas in the district vulnerable to disasters are identified and measures for theprevention of disasters and the mitigation of its effects are undertaken by the departments ofthe Government at the district level as well as by the local authorities;

(iv) Ensure that the guidelines for prevention of disasters, mitigation of its effects, preparednessand response measures as laid down by the National Authority and the State Authority arefollowed by all departments of the Government at the district level and the local authorities inthe district;

(v) Give directions to different authorities at the district level and local authorities to take suchother measures for the prevention or mitigation of disasters as may be necessary;

(vi) Lay down guidelines for prevention of disaster management plans by the department of theGovernment at the districts level and local authorities in the district;

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(vii) Monitor the implementation of disaster management plans prepared by the Departments of theGovernment at the district level;

(viii) Lay down guidelines to be followed by the Departments of the Government at the district levelfor purposes of integration of measures for prevention of disasters and mitigation in their devel-opment plans and projects and provide necessary technical assistance therefore;

(ix) Monitor the implementation of measures referred to in clause (viii);(x) Review the state of capabilities for responding to any disaster or threatening disaster situation

in the district and give directions to the relevant departments or authorities at the district levelfor their up gradation as may be necessary;

(xi) Review the preparedness measures and give directions to the concerned departments at thedistrict level or other concerned authorities where necessary for bringing the preparednessmeasures to the levels required for responding effectively to any disaster or threatening disas-ter situation;

(xii) Organize and coordinate specialized training programmes for different levels of officers,employees and voluntary rescue workers in the district;

(xiii) Facilitate community training and awareness programmes for prevention of disaster ormitigation with the support of local authorities, governmental and non-governmentalorganizations;

(xiv) Set up, maintain, review and upgrade the mechanism for early warnings and dissemination ofproper information to public;

(xv) Prepare, review and update district level response plan and guidelines;

(xvi) Coordinate response to any threatening disaster situation or disaster;

(xvii) Ensure that the Departments of the Government at the district level and the local authoritiesprepare their response plans in accordance with the district response plan;

(xviii) Lay down guidelines for, or give direction to, the concerned Department of the Government atthe district level or any other authorities within the local limits of the district to take measures torespond effectively to any threatening disaster situation or disaster;

(xix) Advise, assist and coordinate the activities of the Departments of the Government at thedistrict level, statutory bodies and other governmental and non-governmental organizations inthe district engaged in the disaster management;

(xx) Coordinate with, and give guidelines to, local authorities in the district to ensure that measuresfor the prevention or mitigation of threatening disaster situation or disaster in the district arecarried out promptly and effectively;

(xxi) Provide necessary technical assistance or give advice to the local authorities in the district forcarrying out their functions;

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(xxii) Review development plans prepared by the Departments of the Government at the districtlevel, statutory authorities or local authorities with a view to make necessary provisions thereinfor prevention of disaster or mitigation;

(xxiii) Examine the construction in any area in the district and, if it is of the opinion that the standardsfor the prevention of disaster or mitigation laid down for such construction is not being or hasnot been followed, may direct the concerned authority to take such action as may be neces-sary to secure compliance of such standards;

(xxiv) Identify buildings and places which could, in the event of any threatening disaster situation ordisaster, be used as relief centers or camps and make arrangements for water supply andsanitation in such buildings or places;

(xxv) Establish stockpiles of relief and rescue materials or ensure preparedness to make suchmaterials available at a short notice;

(xxvi) Provide information to the State Authority relating to different aspects of disaster management;(xxvii)Encourage the involvement of non-governmental organizations and voluntary social welfare

institutions working at the grassroots level in the district for disaster management;

(xxviii)Ensure communication systems are in order, and disaster management drills are carried outperiodically;

(xxix) Perform such other functions as the State Government or State Authority may assign to it or asit deems necessary for disaster management in the District.

8.11 Media

Reducing the losses of life and property caused by natural hazards is a compelling objectivenow receiving worldwide attention. It is now being increasingly believed that the knowledgeand technology base potentially applicable to the mitigation of natural hazards has grown sodramatically that it would be possible, through a concerted cooperative effort, to save manylives and reduce human suffering, dislocation, and economic losses simply by better informa-tion, communication and awareness. .

Timely mass media communication about impending disasters can lead to appropriate individualand community action, which is the key to implementing effective prevention strategies includingevacuation and survival of people. Such communications can educate, warn, inform, andempower people to take practical steps to protect themselves from natural hazards.

The role of media, both print and electronic, in informing the people and the authorities duringemergencies thus, becomes critical, especially the ways in which media can play a vital role inpublic awareness and preparedness through educating the public about disasters; warning ofhazards; gathering and transmitting information about affected areas; alerting government offi-cials, helping relief organizations and the public towards specific needs; and even in facilitatingdiscussions about disaster preparedness and response. During any emergency, people seekup-to-date, reliable and detailed information.

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The State Government has established an effective system of partnering with the media duringemergency situations. At the State Emergency Operation Centre (SEOC), a special media cellhas been created which is made fully operational during emergency situations. Both print andelectronic media is regularly briefed at predetermined time intervals about the events as theyoccur and the prevailing situation on ground. The State Government has also ensured that theinteraction with media is a two way process through which not only the State Governmentprovides the information / updates to the media but the media too, through their own sources/ resources draws the attention of the Government officials to the need and requirement of theaffected people. This helps the State Government to control the flow of information and pre-vent rumours which could create a panic situation during the disasters. The State Governmentalso partners with the media during Information Education and Communication (IEC) cam-paigns carried out for creating awareness amongst general public towards the precautions tobe taken for prevention and mitigation of various hazards / events. A similar set up is also activeat the District Emergency Operation Centre (DEOC).

Apart from coordination with the media during disasters, the State Government regularlypartners the print and electronic media to publish / broadcast safety messages.

8.12 Non-Governmental Organization(s) and Other Stakeholders

Community based organizations like NGOs, Self Help Groups (SHGs), Youth Organizations,volunteer of NYK, NSS, NCC, Civil Defence & Home Guard etc and workers of differentprojects funded by Government of India such as National Rural Health Mission, IntegratedChild Development Services (ICDS),MGNREGA etc can be the volunteer their services inthe aftermath of disaster.

A large number of community based disaster management teams were also formed duringGOI-UNDP DRM Programme and their services can be rendered during disaster situation atvarious grass root level viz; District/ Sub-div/ Block/ Circle/ Village.

The above volunteer will also be placed under Operation Section Chief where the skills andthe services may be utilized systematically in the form of Single Resource, Strike Team andTask Force under IRS Structure.

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Rehabilitation & Reconstruction

Chapter 9

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Rehabilitation & Reconstruction

Reconstruction and rehabilitation activities come under the post-disaster phase. The activitiesin this phase will be primarily carried out by the District Administration, local bodies (Gram Panchayat,Municipals etc.) and various Government Departments and Boards. However, their activities in thisphase shall be in accordance with the reconstruction and rehabilitation plans framed by APSDMA, inconjunction with implementing authorities.

The reconstruction and rehabilitation plan is design specifically for worst case scenario. It isactivated in case of L3 type of disaster in which the capacity of State and District authorities have beenoverwhelmed and require assistance from the Central Government for re-establishing normalcy in theState.

The key activities in this phase are as below :

9.1 Detailed damage assessment

While a preliminary damage assessment is carried out during disaster phase, a detailed assess-ment must be conducted before commencing reconstruction and rehabilitation activities. The relevantGovernment Departments and Local Authorities shall initiate detailed assessment at their respectivelevel for damages sustained in housing, industry/services, infrastructure, agriculture and health /education assets in the affected regions.

9.2 Assistance to restore houses and dwelling units

Government of Arunachal Pradesh, may, if needed, formulate a policy of assistance to help theaffected to restore damaged houses/dwellings which would require to follow certain guidelines. Thisshould neither be treated as compensation for damage nor as an automatic entitlement.

9.3 Relocation (Need based)

The Government of Arunachal Pradesh believes that need-based considerations and not ex-traneous factors drive relocation of people. The Local Authorities, in consultation with the peopleaffected as per the notification no.LM-20/2005 dated17th August 2011 by the Department of LandManagement along with District Authority shall determine relocation needs taking into account criteriarelevant to the nature of the calamity and the extent of damage. Relocation efforts will include activitieslike :

Gaining consent of the affected population

Land acquisition

Urban/ rural land use planning

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Customizing relocation packagesObtaining due legal clearances for relocationGetting the necessary authorization for rehabilitationLivelihood rehabilitation measures for relocated communities, wherever necessary

9.4 Finalizing reconstruction & rehabilitation plan

The effectiveness of any reconstruction and rehabilitation is based on detailed planning andcareful monitoring of the relevant projects. SDMA will oversee reconstruction and rehabilitation workundertaken by DDMAs and ensure that it takes into account the overall development plans for thestate. SDMA/SEC will approve reconstruction and rehabilitation projects based on :

Identification of suitable projects by relevant Departments;Project detailing and approval by the relevant technical authority.

9.5 Funds generationReconstruction & rehabilitation projects are fairly resource intensive. Govt.of Arunachal Pradesh

shall finalize the fund generation mechanism, including the covenants and measures that govern fundinflow and disbursement and usage. This includes :

Estimation of funds required based on detailed damage assessment reports and consolidationof the same under sectoral and regional heads;Contracting with funding agencies and evolving detailed operating procedures for fund flowand corresponding covenants.

9.6 Funds disbursement and audit

The funds raised from funding agencies are usually accompanied by stringent disbursementand usage restrictions. It is, therefore, important to monitor the disbursement of such funds to ensurethat none of the covenants are breached. SDMA, in conjunction with relevant Departments/Agencies,shall monitor disbursal of funds by::

Prioritizing resource allocation across approved projects;Establishing mechanisms (like a chain of banks, collection centers, nature of accounts, spreadetc) for collection of funds;Ongoing monitoring and control of fund usage throughout actual project implementation.

9.7 Project Management

Since rehabilitation and reconstruction effort typically involves the co-ordinated efforts ofseveral entities, the Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh shall encourage the respective entities to strengthenprogram management capabilities to ensure that synergies across and within entities are managed

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efficiently. In addition, it is also necessary to constantly monitor the activity to ensure that the project isexecuted on time, in accordance with the technical specifications. SDMA, in conjunction with relevantGovernment Departments, will monitor the reconstruction activity that is carried out by various imple-mentation Departments/Agencies. Typical implementation activities would include:

Disaster proofing and retrofitting of houses;Creation/ Retrofitting of structures - including roads, bridges, dams, canals etc that may havebeen destroyed/ damaged due to the disaster;Restoration of basic infrastructure facilities, for example airports, power stations etc.;Creation of health centers, first aid centers, hospitals, groups of doctors and surgeons etc.;Restoration of the industrial viability of the affected area.;Restoration of livelihood.

9.8 Information, Education and Communication

Communication activities are necessary to convey to the larger community the scope andnature of the proposed reconstruction and rehabilitation effort so as to increase the stakeholder aware-ness and buy-in for the ongoing activities. Hence, SDMA and relevant Government Departments,District Administration and Local Authorities shall undertake:

Ongoing media management/ Public Relations: To ensure accurate communication of thereconstruction and rehabilitation measures being taken to various stakeholders;Community management: This includes communicating to the affected communities with a viewto appraising them of efforts being made for their relocation/ rehabilitation/ reconstruction;Feedback mechanisms: Using the communication network to get feedback on reconstructionand rehabilitation measures.

9.9 Dispute resolution mechanisms

SDMA/DDMAs, in conjunction with relevant agencies, shall institutionalize mechanisms toaddress victims /affected people grievances at various levels, as well as explore innovative ways ofdispute minimization like involving the community in reconstruction initiatives. Appropriate mechanismwith penalties for dealing with false claims will be evolved to prevent misuse of assistance.

9.10 Implementing initiatives for recovery of reconstruction costs

The Government of Arunachal Pradesh shall finalize and implement select recovery measuressuch as:

Imposing tax surcharge levies (central);Imposing local taxes;Facilitation of funding responsibility sharing by beneficiaries etc.

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Plan Maintenance

Chapter 10

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Plan Maintenance

10.1 Introduction

Plan maintenance is a dynamic process of updating the plan on a periodic basis. The back-bone of maintaining the plan is carrying out mock drills and updating the plan based on the lesson learntas an outcome of the mock exercise which consists of identifying the gaps and putting in place a systemto fill the same.

10.2 Plan Testing

The SEC/ Dept of DM shall prepare, review and update State Disaster Management Plan asprovided for in the DM Act (Section 23 (5). The SEC/ Dept of DM shall direct Concerned Authority/Departments/ Agencies to o ensure that disaster management drills and rehearsals are carried outperiodically.

While updating the plan the following aspects need to be considered by the SEC/ Dept of DMevery year:

i) Critical analysis of the outcome of exercises & mock drills as part of Plan testing.

ii) Incorporation of lessons learnt in the updated plan as an outcome of mock exercises throughidentification of gaps and measures to fill them.

The Plan must be thoroughly tested and evaluated on a regular basis once in a year. After Plantesting and incorporation of lesson learnt, the SEC/ Dept of DM should send a copy of the revised andupdated plan to the following officials:

(a) Chief Secretary, Government of Arunachal Pradesh(b) Secretary, DM Dept(c) Head of all Line Depts.(d) State EOC(e) District Administration/DEOCs

The main objectives of plan testing are to:

(i) Determine the feasibility and compatibility of back up facilities and procedures(ii) Identity areas in the plan that need modification.(iii) Identify training needs of key stakeholders.(iv) Assess the ability of the Organization/Department to respond to disasters.

All the Departments, which have specific roles and responsibilities in State Disaster Manage-ment Plan, must have a system to ensure that all Officers of their Departments who have a specific roleto play are fully conversant with their responsibilities/tasks.

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10.3 Debrief and Evaluation-Mock Drills

After the mock exercise, debriefing and evaluation is very important. It is of critical importancethat these insights are collected from participants (who participated in the exercise) and usedto modify the plan.

Debriefing is very effective as it is carried out immediately after the exercise. It also includesdocumentation in terms of recommendations and improvement of the plan.

The lessons learned from the mock exercise are likely to be similar to those from real events.The only major difference is that exercises are controlled events, specifically designed to testprocedures and they can be repeated again and again until sound/workable arrangements arein place.

10.4 Review / Updation of Plan

The State Disaster Management Plan should be reviewed and updated regularly based oninputs as under:

(a) Drills and Rehearsals

(b) Recommendations from all Depts. in their Annual DM Report

(c) Lessons learnt from any disaster event in other states and countries

(d) Directions from Ministry of Home Affairs, National Disaster Management Authority,Government of India, etc.

SDMA and all other Concerned Depts. should encourage formal and informal interaction withvarious stakeholders at different levels to learn and document their experiences, so that such experi-ences can contribute constructively towards updation of State Disaster Management Plan for furtherimproving the capability to deal with future disasters.

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Action Plan for Earthquake

Chapter 11

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Action Plan for Earthquake

11.1 Introduction

The Earthquake Vulnerability Atlas of India reveals that entire state of Arunachal Pradesh fallsunder Very High Risk for earthquake, i.e. seismic zone V. This Chapter will mainly focus on the ActionPlan of the State Government to manage earthquake disaster in case of its occurrence.

The Action Plan will consist of the following five activities:

i) Declaration of earthquake disaster

ii) Institutional mechanism of the State Government to respond to earthquake disaster

iii) Trigger mechanism on receiving the report of occurrence of an earthquake

iv) Response mechanism of the concerned line departments along with the roles and responsibilitiesof each one of them and

v) Immediate relief to be provided to the affected population

11.2 Declaration of earthquake disaster

The National Disaster Management Act, 2005 part-II 2(d) provides situation for the StateGovernment to declare any area where earthquake has occurred as disaster affected area on therecommendations of the SDMA/DDMA. The purpose of declaration of disaster is to organize effec-tive response and mitigating the earthquake effects. Such a declaration provides wide powers andresponsibilities to the District Administration in order to handle the incident effectively..

11.3 Institutional mechanism of the State Government to respond to earthquake disaster

11.3.1 Trigger mechanism on receiving the report of occurrence of an earthquake

An earthquake of magnitude 5 or more is likely to cause deaths and injuries to human beingsand damage to all kinds of property, both private and public. Unfortunately there is very little warningavailable before the earthquake. Therefore planning should cater for a quick response at all levels toreduce the effects of the earthquake to the minimum.

The Disaster Management department of the State will be the nodal department for formulat-ing, controlling, monitoring and directing measures for earthquake preparedness, organizing rescue,relief and rehabilitation. All other concerned departments should extend full cooperation in all matterspertaining to the management of the earthquake disaster whenever it occurs.

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The occurrence of an earthquake may be reported by the Indian Meteorological Department(IMD) / National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI) / Institute of Seismological Research (ISR)to the Secretary DM/SEOC/SEC/SDMA by the fastest means. The State Crisis Management Com-mittee (SCMC) under the chairmanship of the Chief Secretary should be activated immediately on theoccurrence of any major earthquake.

Besides these, the SEOC also receives reports on the earthquake from district and levels. Onreceipt of the information, the SEOC verifies the authenticity of the reports and will inform the realsituation to concerned authorities. The State government may, by notification published in the officialgazette and in any one or more news papers having widest circulation in the area.

11.3.2 Triggering Mechanism for Deployment of IRT

On receipt of information regarding the impending disaster, the EOC will inform the RO, whoin turn will activate the required IRT and mobilise resources. The scale of their deployment will dependon the magnitude of the incident.

At times the information about an incident may be received only on its occurrence without anywarning. In such cases the local IRT (District, Sub-Division, Circle/ Block) as the case may be, willrespond and inform the higher authority and if required seek reinforcement and guidance.

The measures decided to be taken for response will be jotted down by the Command Staffand later handed over to PS. It will thus form the initial IAP.

11.4 Response mechanism of the concerned line departments along with the roles and responsibilities of each one of them

11.4.1 Information and reporting:

The agencies who provide information to the SEOC about the occurrence of an earthquake inthe State are as shown below:

* IMD, New Delhi* Institute of Seismological Research, Ahmadabad* MHA control room* NDMA control room* National Earthquake Response center (NERC) control room* North Eastern Space Applications Centre (NESAC), Meghalaya* National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI)* North East Institute for Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat* District Emergency Operation Center (DEOC)

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The SEOC should be activated for emergency response on the occurrence of any majorearthquake. The SEOC should initiate following activities:

i) State EOC should report the occurrence of a major earthquake to the following:

* Principal Secretary (Disaster Management)* SDMA* Chief Secretary of the State/ Principal Secretary Home/DGP* Members of Crisis Management Committee* Chief Minister* Disaster Management Minister* National Disaster Management Authority Control Room* MHA, GOI Control Room* NERC,GOI, Control Room* Vice Chairman, National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)* Secretary ,DM, MHA

ii) State EOC to alert state search and rescue machinery for emergency response as also firebrigade personnel.

iii) State EOC to verify the authenticity of the information from authorized scientific agencies aswell as district control rooms.

iv) State EOC to contact its regular and emergency staff to report immediately.v) All Secretaries of the State Departments to be contacted to be available in the EOC

immediately.vi) State EOC to remain in constant touch with control rooms at national district level.vii) Overall management of state EOC shall be taken over by the SDMA

On receipt of information, SDMA to:

* Contact all member of Crisis Management Group to inform them about the venue and time offirst meeting (chaired by Chief Secretary) to assess the situation and decide the course ofaction to be adopted by the State government

* Contact all member of Crisis Management Group to inform them about the venue and time offirst meeting (chaired by Chief Secretary) to assess the situation and decide the course ofaction to be adopted by the State government.

* Issue instructions to all Departments to ensure that all State Government employees to reportfor duty immediately in order to execute their responsibilities as mentioned in their departmentalEarthquake Management Plan.

* Instruct all Line Departments to ensure their duty officers to remain available round the clockin State EOC with full updated information of the activities of their departments.

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* Prepare and submit daily situation report to Government of India, SEC, Chief Secretary,Principal Secretary (DM), State Disaster Management Authority etc.

* If necessary depute senior state level officers to worst affected area for effective implementationand supervision of Relief Operation.

* Mobilize additional manpower from the departments to the affected district for supporting theRelief Operation. They should be provided task force action Plans of the concerned districtprepared earlier.Management of Media (Press/TV Channels/Government Press Notes etc) to be carried outby the Secretary (IPR) with special emphasis on rumor control. He shall maintain constantliaison with Commissioner of Relief.

11.4.2 Restoration of lines of communications and essential services to facilitate emergencyresponse:

Establishment of Emergency CommunicationRestoration of Communication Links (Road & Air)Restoration of power and electricitySupply of safe drinking waterRestoration of essential lifeline infrastructure

11.4.3 Search, Rescue and Medical assistance

Identification of areas where SAR Teams to be deployedCoordination of SAR teams for their quick deployment in allotted areasProvision of quick transport of SAR teams to affected areas.The Department of Roads and Buildings to evolve a mechanism for clearing access routes anddebris in order to facilitate search and rescue operations.Mobilization of specialized equipments and machinery to affected areas.Cordoning of affected areas with control of entry and exit.Traffic Management by establishment of traffic points and check-posts.The Home Department to evolve a mechanism for providing security of properties ofgovernment and public in the affected areas.Setting up of field hospitals in the affected areas and deployment of mobile hospitals.Arrangements to be made for quick transportation of injured victims to the hospitals.Secretary (Health) to evolve a mechanism for speedy treatment of casualties.

11.4.4 Emergency relief (shelter, food, clothing, etc.)

(a) Establishment of Temporary shelters for evacuees(b) Ensuring provision of essential services as under:

* Arrangement for food, clothing, blanket/bedding, drinking water, sanitation and hygiene,lighting arrangements and essential medicines.


* Deployment of mobile hospitals in affected areas for treatment of victims.

* Providing counseling services to the earthquake victims and their relatives.

(c) Arrangement for providing transport facility to send dead bodies of non-locals to their natives.The administration should also ensure Law and Order during shifting of the dead bodies.

(d) Ensure establishment of communication link between the affected people and their relativesoutside.

A Task and Responsibility Matrix for Emergency Response Phase (first 72 Hours of theincident) is given below;

Table 28 : Task & Responsibility Matrix for Emergency Response Phase (First 72 Hours ofthe Incident)

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ResponsibilitySr.No.

1

2

3

4

5

6

IMDSRSACS&TNRSCNEIST

SDMA/DDMA/State Police

BSNL

SEC/SEOC

SEC

SEC

Task

Report the occurrence of earthquake to SDMA/SEC/ DEOC, Heads of all line departments, ChiefSecretary and Chief Minister's Office and NationalDisaster Management EOC at MHA, GoI

Establish communication link by activating alter-nate communication equipment i.e. satellite phone,HF / VHF set, HAM Radio, VSAT etc. in State /District EOCs control rooms

Instruct deployment of Mobile Emergency com-munication Units to affected areas for establishingcommunication link

Verify the authenticity of the incident from agen-cies like IMD, S& T,NRSC,NEIST and also fromDistrict control rooms, Police and Fire Brigadecontrol rooms

In case of L-2 level event, overall management ofSEOC shall be taken over by SDMA

Instruct duty officers of line departments to reportin SEOC

Time Frame

0 + 15 Minutes

0 + 30 Minutes



SEC

SEC

SEC/SEOC

SDMA/SEC

SEC

SDMA/SEC

SDMA/DDMA

SDMA/SEC/DDMA

SDMA/SEC/DDMA

SDMA/DDMA

SEC

SEC/SEOC

SDMA/SEC

SDMA/SEC

Task

Hold first meeting with duty officers

Contact the Heads of all line departments includ-ing the Information Department to reach SEOC

Alert DEOC/DDMA for quick mobilization to af-fected areas

Request for the services of NDRF and Armedforces, if required through designated representative

Instruct both regular and emergency staff of EOCto report for duty

Dispatch of Search & Rescue teams to the af-fected areasInstruct Quick Assessment Task Force to submitpreliminary need and loss assessment report of theaffected areas

Alert Quick Medical Response Teams to the af-fected areas

Make arrangements for aerial survey of the af-fected areas

Instruct local administration to evacuate victims tosafer sites

Contact Chief Secretary for deciding on time andvenue for holding Crisis Management Group(CMG) meeting at the earliest

Inform all CMG members to attend CMG meetingin designated venue to assess situation and reviewemergency measures

Instruct concerned authorities or Agencies to shutdown critical operations

Contact BISAG, NSRA, ISRO and Ministry ofDefence for aerial / satellite imageries of the af-fected areas

Time Frame

0 + 1 Hour

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

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21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

SDMA/DDMA

SDMA

SDMA/SEC

SDMA/SEC

SDMA/SEC

SEC

SDMA

SDMA

SDMA/SEC/DDMA

SDMA/SEC

SDMA

SDMA/SEC/DDMA

TaskTime Frame

0 + 2 Minutes

Inform GAD to ensure all State Government em-ployees report for emergency duties within half anhour

CMG to assess situation, delegate responsibilities fororganizing rescue and relief operations

Senior State level officers to be deputed to theaffected areas

Activate Operations Section of ICS for EmergencyResponse Operation

Assess the consitions of road, rail and air communi-cation link for quick mobilization of EmergencyTeams and resources to affected areas and takefollow up actions

Director, Information and Secretary - (I & B) toestablish media management / information cell forpublic information, guidance and runor control

Request may be made for assistance from CentralGovernment (MHA and MOD) if required

Request the nearest headquarters of the ArmedForces to render assistance in emergency search,rescue and relief operations

Contact private / public sector agencies in the Stateto assist in emergency rescue and relief operations

Inform Secretaries of the departments to providenecessary logistics support to emergency operationtask forces

If necessary, assistance may be asked from neigh-boring states and outside agencies

Set up separate desks for each operation task forceand NGO coordination desk in the SEOC for coor-dinating emergency operations

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SDMA/HomeDept/DDMA

SEC/Secy. Health

SEC/Home/Police Dept.

SEC/Secy.IPR

SDMA/SEC/DDMA

SEC/DDMA

SEC/Secy. IPR

SEC/Secy. IPR

SEC/Secy. Health

SDMA/SEC/DDMA

SDMA/DDMA/Home Dept.

SDMA/Home Dept.

Home Dept. / Secy.transport.

SDMA/SEC

Task

Provide security in affected areas and maintain lawand order situation

Mobilize Medical First Response Teams to affectedareas

Mobilize SAR Teams and search & rescue equip-ment and machinery to affected areas

Instruct district information officers to establishinformation centre near affected areas to provideguidance to volunteers and aid agencies

Make suitable transportation arrangement for mo-bilization of quick response teams to the affectedareas

Maintain constant touch with the National / Dis-trict EOCs

Establish Press / Media Centre for media man-agement and information dissemination

Arrange for press / media release for rumour con-trol and public information and guidance

Alert all major hospitals to make necessary arrange-ment for treatment of injured

Establish relief coordination centre at the airport,railway station, etc. for arrival of Search @ Res-cue and Medical Teams coming for humanitarian aid

Establish central relief coordination centre nearerto State Head Quarter

Instruct to cordon affected areas and setting up ofcheck posts to control entry and exit

Open access routes and manage traffic for mobili-zation of equipment, machinery and volunteers tothe affected areas

Conduct aerial survey and also mobilize quick as-sessment teams to affected areas

Time Frame

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

0 + 3 Hours

0 + 6 Hours

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ResponsibilitySr.No. Task

Establish information centres at the arrival anddeparture points especially at the airports, railwaystations and interstate bus terminus

Mobilize relief materials i.e. tents, food materials,water, essential medicines, blankets, etc. to the af-fected districts and areas.

Arrange to shift evacuated persons to temporaryshelters and ensure provision of food, water facili-ties, blankets and storage of relief materials

Arrange road, rail and air transport at State / Dis-trict headquarters for dispatch of relief materialsto the affected areas

Set up field hospitals near the affected areas

Arrange to shift injured persons to field hospitals

Instruct district Admin/Deputy Commissioner toestablish relief coordination centre and godownsnear affected area and provide full security coveras wellPrepare quick need assessment report for plan-ning of relief operation and mobilization of resourcesto the affected areas

Instruct to set up Coordination Centres at the Resi-dent Commissioner's Office in New Delhi and otherMetro Cities as well

Hold review meetings with Duty Officers in every12 hoursPrepare and circulate the situation reportPrepare press notes twice a dayDepute additional officers and supporting staff toaffected areas from non-affected areasRestore essential services i.e. power, water supply,telecommunication facilities of SEOC, headquarter,AIR, Doordarshan, Governor, Chief Minister, seniorofficials of the State burequcracy on priority basis

Time Frame

47

48

49

50

5152

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

0 + 12 Hours

Secy.IPR

SDMA/SEC/DDMA/line dept.

S D M A/ D D M A/Line dept.

Secy. Transport

Secy. HealthSecy. Health

H o m e / D D M A /Secy. civil supplies.

S D M A / S E C /DDMA/Line Dept.

SDMA/SEC

SEC

SEC/SEOCSEC/SEOC

SEC/DA

SEC/DDMA/LineDept.

0 + 24 Hours

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ResponsibilitySr.No. Task

Coordinate with Emergency Operation Task Forcesmobilized to the affected areas

Ensure safety and security of personnel deputed inaffected areas for emergency response operation

Earmark storage point for medical supplies at af-fected sites

Arrange for identification, photograph, post mortemand maintenance of records for disposal of deadbodiesArrange information centre at shelter site for main-taining records of victims and to provide guidanceto relatives, NGOs, etc.

Arrange for complaints regarding missing personsand initiate search in shelters, hospitals and policerecordsArrange for SDMs enpowerment for waiving offpost mortem of dead bodies

Arrange for additional manpower if necessary fordisposal of dead bodies

Arrange for transportation of dead bodies to theirnative places if so required

Arrange for disposal of unidentified and unclaimeddead bodies

Arrange for transportation of injured from fieldhospitals to base hospitals

Activate short and interim relief measures

Arrange for distribution of cash doles to the vic-tims

Time Frame

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

7273

S D M A / S E C /DDMA

PS(Home)

Secy. Health

Secy. Health

GA

S E O C / D D M A /DEOC

GA

GA / DA

Secy. Health/Trans-port

GA/DA/Health

Secy. Health/Trans-port/DA

SDMA/Line Dept.

GA/DA

0 + 48 Hours

0 + 72 Hours

11.5 Immediate relief to be provided to the affected population

11.5.1 Short-Term Relief Measures

(1) Provide temporary shelters to affected people(2) Evacuation site should be safe, and easily accessible.

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Source: GSDMA


(3) Continue to provide essential services to the affected people i.e. food, water, clothing,sanitation and medical assistance

The SEC /Deptt. Of DM to ensure the following in the relief camps through DDMAs/ Dist.Admn:

Special emphasis on Hygiene and sanitation aspects should be given in relief camp sites.Separate area should be earmarked within the relief camp for storage of relief materials.Adequate manpower and transport facilities for the camp site.Arrangements to be made for trauma management.Mobile medical units to be sent to remote areas with a view to provide medical assistance tothe victims/injured.Information centre should be established by the District Administration.

11.5.2 Interim Relief Measures

Arrangements to be made for identification and maintenance of the records of disposal of deadbodies/ carcass following codal formalities in the affected areas..Arrangements to be made to record the complaints of all persons reported missing. Follow upaction in terms of verification of the report also needs to be made.ADC/ SDO/ EAC/ BDO/ CO to be empowered to exempt the requirement of post-mortemin case of mass casualties. GA/ DA Dept may depute additional SDMs to expedite disposal ofthe dead bodies.Unclaimed/unidentified dead bodies to be disposed off at the earliest after keeping their records.Additional manpower to be deployed in the affected areas for supplementing the efforts of thelocal administrationSeparate Cell to be established at state/district level to coordinate with the NGOs/ CBOs/outside donor/ aid agencies etcRegular meetings of the different stakeholders/ departments should be organized at state levelfor sharing of information, developing strategies for relief operations.IPR Dept to coordinate with the media to play a positive role in disseminating appropriateinformation to public and the government in order to facilitate the speedy recovery.

11.5.3 Assessment of Damage / Loss and Relief needs

The Dept.of DM/SEC/ SDMA to issue instructions to the District Administration andconcerned Depts. to provide 'the need and loss assessment'.Adequate manpower, vehicles, stationery etc should be provided to supplement the efforts forneed/loss assessmentIdentification and demolition of dangerous structures in the affected areas to minimize furtherloss of life and injuries

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Arrangements for debris removal and its appropriate disposal.Arrangements for distribution of gratuitous relief and cash doles.Arrangements to be made for survey of human loss and distribution of ex-gratia relief to thefamilies of deceased persons.Teams to be formed and dispatched to the affected areas for detailed assessment of housesand property assessment.As reconstruction of houses will take a long period, arrangements to be made to provideinterim shelters to the affectedIdentification of the site for interim sheltersAllocation of areas to the affected familiesProviding essential items and services at the interim shelter sites such as water/ power/drainage / sanitation/ food/ medicines etc.Distribution of shelter materials to individual families

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Action Plan for Flood/Flashflood

Chapter 12

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Action Plan for Flood/Flashflood

12.1 IntroductionFloods/ Flashfloods are among the most common and destructive natural hazards causing

extensive damage to infrastructure, public and private services, environment and economy. Recurringfloods/Flashfloods losses have handicapped the economic development of the State. The frequencyand intensity of floods has grown in the State over the years primarily because of the unplanned devel-opment and increased encroachment of flood plains.

These demands for better flood preparedness to make sure that appropriate and effectiveresponse measures are taken during flood emergency to minimize the loss of life and property. Apartfrom an effective disaster response system, it is important to have a good flood prevention and mitiga-tion strategy to achieve the objectives of vulnerability reduction.

The Action Plan will consist of the following activities:

1. Declaration of Flood disaster2. Flood Forecasting and Warning3. Trigger mechanism4. Response mechanism of the concerned line departments along with the roles and responsibilities5. Relief

12.2 Declaration of Flood DisasterThe National Disaster Management Act, 2005 part-II 2(d) provides situation for the State

Government to declare any area where earthquake has occurred as disaster affected area on therecommendations of the SDMA/DDMA of other Agencies. The purpose of declaration of disaster isto organize effective response and mitigating the earthquake effects. Such a declaration provides widepowers and responsibilities to the District Administration in order to handle the incident effectively.

12.3 Flood Forecasting and WarningFlood/flashflood forecasting is a process whereby the authorities are alerted to impending

conditions where floods may be likely. Flood forecasting requires understanding of meteorological andhydrological conditions, and is therefore the responsibility of the appropriate government agencies.National organization is required, but information needs to be made available at a river basin scale.This allows forecasting to integrate with flood warning arrangements

The main components of a national flood forecasting and warning system are as follows:Collection of real-time data and prediction of flood severity and time of onset of particularlevels of floodingPreparation of warning messages, describing what is happening, predictions of what willhappen and expected impact. Messages can also include what action should be taken.

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The communication and dissemination of such messagesInterpretation of the predictions and other flood information to determine flood impacts oncommunitiesResponse to the warnings by the agencies involved and communitiesReview of the warning system and improvement in the system after flood eventIf predictions fail, the reasons of prediction failure should be communicated to communities inorder to establish trust.

For a flood warning system to work effectively, all these components must be present and theymust be integrated with each other rather than operating in isolation.

12.4 Community Based flood forecasting and warning systems

It is important that the people in each community receive information as early as possible aboutthe possibility of flooding in their area. In addition to the valuable information from the official floodwarning system, communities should attempt to develop their own warning systems. At community level,it is important that warnings are received by all individuals. The way in which messages are disseminatedin communities will depend on local conditions, but may include some or all of the following:

Media warnings (print and electronic)General warning indicators, for example sirens/ announcement(mobile and fixed) etcWarnings delivered to areas by community leaders or emergency servicesDedicated automatic telephone warnings to at-risk propertiesInformation about flooding and flood conditions in communities upstream. One approach todisseminating messages is to pass warning messages from village to village as the flood movesdownstreamKeep watch and be regularly informed about the river level and embankment conditions in thelocal area. The monitoring of the river and embankment should be increased as the water levelincreases and crosses the critical danger levelA community-based warning system to pass any information about an approaching flood toevery family.

12.5 Involvement of communities in data collection and local flood warning systems

If communities become involved in data collection for flood forecasting, and the importance oftheir role is understood, a sense of ownership is developed. Individuals can be appointed for thefollowing tasks:

Taking care of installations/ equipmentsTrained as gauge readers for manual instruments (rain gauges, water level recorders)Radio operators to report real-time observations


Trained individuals within the community should be able to gather and update information to:Know the depth of past severe floods /flashflood in the local areaKnow the causes of flooding in the local areaKnow how quickly the waters might riseKnow how long the floodwaters might remain in the localityKnow the direction of movement of the floodwaters

The involvement of members of the community also helps to prevent vandalism and damage to instal-lations going unreported.

12.6 Procedure for disseminating warnings to remote areas

Communities in remote areas may not be able to receive the types of warnings described in theprevious section. Responsibilities need to be defined clearly for lower tiers of administration and theemergency services to have predefined links with communities in remote areas.

This should include;Local radio, which should be supplied with clear and accurate informationUse of appointed community wardens with direct two-way radio or mobile telephone accessto warning agencies and emergency authoritiesLocal means of raising alarms, for example church bells, sirens, loud hailers, loudspeakers etc.The latter could be the responsibility of selected individuals or wardens, who need to beprovided with equipment and transport, for example motor cycles or bicycles;'Sky Shout' from emergency service helicopters.High Priority TelegramDoordarshan and the local cable channels (TV channels & radio Channels including FM radioetc)Bulletins in the PressSatellite Based disaster Warning SystemsFaxTelephone

12.7 Trigger Mechanism: Plan Activation

The flood response system will be activated on the occurrence of a heavy rain. The SEC willactivate all the Departments for emergency response including the State EOC and instructions toinclude the following details:

Specify exact resources requiredThe type of assistance to be providedThe time limit within which assistance is needed

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The state, district or other contact persons/agencies for the provision of the assistanceOther Task Forces with which coordination should take place

The State EOC and other control rooms at the state level as well as District Control Roomsshould be activated with full strength. The state Government may publish a notification in the officialgazette, declaring such area to be disaster-affected area.

12.8 Triggering Mechanism for Deployment of IRTOn receipt of information regarding the impending disaster, the EOC will inform the RO, who

in turn will activate the required IRT and mobilise resources. The scale of their deployment will dependon the magnitude of the incident.

At times the information about an incident may be received only on its occurrence without anywarning. In such cases the local IRT (District, Sub-Division, Circle/ Block) as the case may be, willrespond and inform the higher authority and if required seek reinforcement and guidance.

The measures decided to be taken for response will be jotted down by the Command Staffand later handed over to PS. It will thus form the initial IAP.

Table 29: Roles and ResponsibilitiesResponsible Department

SEC/ SEOC DDMA/DEOC Distt. Adm

SEC/Police Dept./BSNL

SEC/Police Dept./GA/DA

SEC/DDMA

SEC/GA/DA

SEOC/DEOC

SEC/SEOC/Home/DDMA

SDMA/SEC/SEOC

SEC/SEOC/DDMA

SEC/Line Dept.

SEOC/DDMASource: GSDMA

Sl.No.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

Response To be Taken

Reporting the occurrence of flood/ flashflood to SDMA, Headsof line departments, Chief Secretary and Chief Minister's officeand National Disaster Management Authority Control Room, GoI,MHA Control room, GoI, NERC Control room, GoI

Establish communication links by alternate communication equip-ments like phone, radio etc. in state/district EOC control rooms.

Deployment of Mobile Emergency Communication Units to af-fected areas for establishing communication links.

Verifying authenticity of flood from agencies like IMD, SSNLand also from Districts control rooms.

Hold first meeting with Duty Officers

Contact the Heads of all the line departments to reach State EOC

Dispatch of Search & Rescue teams to the affected areas.

Make arrangements for the aerial survey of affected areas.

Instruct local administration to evacuate victims to safer sites

Assess the condition of road and rail network for quick mobiliza-tion of Emergency teams and resources to affected areas andtake follow up steps.

Maintain constant touch with National/District EOCs


Table 30: Distribution of activities among various state agencies during Relief

12.9 Relief

12.9.1 Short-term relief measures

Food & nutritionIn an extreme flood situation, loss of standing crops and stored food grains, in such cases, freedistribution of foods shall be made to avoid hunger and starvation including malnutrition.Wherever possible, dry rations should be distributed for home cooking.

WaterWater supply is invariably affected in natural disasters. Availability of safe drinking water isvery challenging particularly during floods. It must be ensured that affected people haveadequate facilities and supplies to collect, store and use clear and safe water for drinking,cooking and personal hygiene.

HealthDuring post disaster phase many factors increase the risk of diseases and epidemics becauseof overcrowding, inadequate quantity and quality of water, poor environmental and sanitaryconditions, decaying biological matter, water stagnation, inadequate shelter and food supplies.There should be adequate supply of medicines, disinfectants, fumigants etc. to check outbreakof epidemics. It should be ensured that the medicines have not expired.

Clothing & UtensilsThe people affected by the disaster shall be provided with sufficient clothing, blankets etc. toensure their safety and well-being. Each disaster-affected household shall be provided withcooking and eating utensils.

Sl.No.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Response To be Taken

Providing temporary shelters to evacuated persons

Providing food materials to the victims

Providing safe drinking water to the victims

Provision of hygienic sanitation facilities

Provision of health assistance

Clothing and utensils

Relief camps

Providing transport services to shelter sites

Responsible Department

GA DA/Dist. Admn.

GA DA/Dist. Admn.

PHE Dept.

UD/Health/PHED/Power Deptt./NGOs/community Group/Dist. Admn.Health Dept.

DA/Civil Supplies.

Dist. Admn./Transport.

Transport.

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ShelterIn case of flood, a large number of people are rendered homeless. In such situations shelterbecomes a critical factor for survival and safety of the affected population. In view of this,flood affected people who have lost their houses, shall be provided sufficient covered spacefor shelter/ space in relief camps. Disaster-affected households shall be provided with neces-sary tools, equipment and materials for repair, reconstruction and maintenance for safe use oftheir shelter as far as practical and as assessed by district administration on the basis of theavailability of fund.

Relief campRelief camps also provide good temporary arrangements for people affected by flood. Ad-equate numbers of buildings or open space should be identified where relief camps can be setup during emergency. The use of premises of educational institutions for setting up relief campsshould be encouraged. The requirements for operation of relief camps should be worked outin detail in advance. The temporary relief camps should have adequate provision of drinkingwater and bathing, sanitation and essential health-care facilities.

Sanitation and HygieneSanitation services are crucial to prevent an outbreak of epidemics in post disaster phase.Therefore a constant monitoring of any such possibilities needs to be carried out. It should beensured that disaster-affected households have access to sufficient hygiene measures

12.9.2. Interim Relief Measures

Arrangements to be made for quick identification and maintenance of the records of disposalof dead bodies/ carcass in the affected areas. (Home Dept., DDMA, Dist.Admn, DM Dept.,Health Dept., AH&Vety and Local Authorities).Arrangements to be made to record the complaints of all persons reported missing. Follow upaction in terms of verification of the report also needs to be made. (Home Dept./Dist.Admn)District Magistrates and Sub-Divisional magistrates to be empowered to exempt therequirement of identification and post-mortem in case of mass casualties. (GADA/Home Dept./SDMA/SEC)Unclaimed/unidentified dead bodies to be disposed off with the help of pre identified voluntaryAgencies at the earliest after keeping their records observing all codal formalities. (HomeDept.,GADA, Health Dept., DDMA, Dist.Admn, & Local Bodies)Additional manpower to be deployed in the affected areas for supplementing the efforts of thelocal administration. (GADA /Home Dept).Separate Cell to be established at state/district level to coordinate with the NGOs and outsidedonor/aid agencies. (GADA /Home Dept /DDMA/Dist.Admn/DM Dept.)


Regular meetings of the different stakeholders/departments should be organized at state levelfor sharing information, developing strategies for relief operations. (SEC/Secy.DM/DDMA &Deputy Commissioner at District Level). .Information & Public Relation Dept to coordinate with the media to play a positive role indisseminating appropriate information to public and the government in order to facilitate thespeedy recovery. (IPR Dept.)

12.9.3. Assessment of Damage/Loss and Relief needs

The Secretary DM /SEC to issue instructions to the Deputy Commissioner to provide the'Need Assessment Report''.The Secretary DM /SEC to issue instructions to the Deputy Commissioner to provide the'Damage and Loss Assessment Report'. Consolidated the same and to prepare 'State's Dam-age and Loss Assessment Report' which will be useful in planning and implementing the reliefoperations for disaster victims..Adequate manpower, vehicles, stationery etc. should be provided to supplement the effortsfor need/loss assessment. (DM Dept.)The relief need assessment report should be provided by the DC.Identification and demolition of dangerous structures in the affected areas to minimize furtherloss of life and injuries. (Concerned Dept.,DDMA, Dist.Admn and Local Bodies)Arrangements for distribution of gratuitous relief and cash doles. (DDMA, Dist.Admn, HomeDept. , SEC/Dept. of DM )Arrangements to be made for survey of human loss and distribution of ex-gratia relief to thefamilies of deceased persons. (DDMA, Dist.Admn, Home Dept. , SEC/Dept. of DM )Teams to be formed and dispatched to the affected areas for detailed assessment of housesand property damage assessment. ( Dist.Admn,DDMA,SEC, Dept. of DM and Localauthorities)

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Follow-Up Actions

Chapter 13

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Follow-Up Actions

This chapter discusses follow up actions that will be undertaken by various agencies/ depart-ments to operationalise the Plan.

The priority areas which need immediate attention are:

1) Preparation of district, block and village disaster management plans.

2) Preparation of Standard Operation Procedures and ESFs.

3) Preparation of various Handbooks and Checklists for prevention, preparedness, response,mitigation activities

4) Modernization of existing control rooms and strengthening of infrastructure in disaster proneareas keeping in mind the vulnerability to different hazards.

5) Preparation and updating technical and quality control aspects of all civil constructions and noncivil installations based on review of past disasters.

6) Preparation of State/ District/ Sub-division/ Block level GIS maps giving location of all items/information required for response and recovery measures

7) Review existing developmental schemes/ projects and incorporate disaster managementprinciple in all schemes and all plans

8) Ensuring sensitivity and incorporation of environment, gender, ethnicity, vulnerability ofsocioeconomically disadvantaged groups (Children, elders and the physically challenged etc),food and income security, disaster proofing measure in all development initiatives, responseand recovery plans

9) Updating of existing Laws, Rules and Codes for better administration of relief and recoverymeasures as per Government of India norms/ guidelines.

10) Enforcement of Relevant Laws and Rules pertaining to Disaster Management: provisions offew Acts like Arunachal Pradesh Building Bye Laws, Town and Country Planning Regulations,Factories Act, Environment Protection Act and Forest Act are some of the relevant acts whoseenforcement will assist in minimizing risks and ensuring more effective disaster managementpractices in the State

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Annexure-AEmergency Operation Centre (E.O.C.)

a) Establishment and location of EOCsThe EOC is set up in the office of the SRC & district headquarters

b) Concept of Operation of EOC at the State LevelThe SEC headed by Chief Secretary at the State level & DC at the district level or his/herdesignee will initiate the activation of emergency services of the EOC.The EOC will be manned by a skeleton staff throughout the year. In the event of emergency itwill be fully activated with participants from key departments like Health, Agriculture,Veterinary, Police, Civil Defence etc, apart from the personnel belonging to the DisasterManagement DepartmentThe SEC/ DC will announce the alternative location in case the State/District EOC is affectedby any eventuality/ emergency.Nodal officers of various Depts. posted at the EOC will be responsible for maintainingcommunications through radio and telephone with their respective departments at the Districtand Block levelsThe SEC will requisition necessary staff as required for effective functioning of the EOC duringthe time of emergencies

c) Organisational set up of EOC1. EOC in charge: While the SEC will be overall in charge of the EOC, the day-to-day

Operations of the EOC will vest with an official in charge of Disaster Management Deptt. &will be responsible for assisting the SEC and other nodal officers for overall coordination andeffective functioning of the EOC. Similar arrangement will be made by DC in the district EOCs.

2. The State Government will take steps for establishing EOCs as per GoI-MHA guidelines instate and district H.Q., where all the Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) will be locatedduring emergencies

d) Communication Section:The hotlines, V-SAT and wireless communication will be established at the EOC at the State

level with the following:Chief MinisterChief SecretaryDG PoliceDeputy CommissionerLocal Army and Air force CommandRelated Departments (Primary Agencies)

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Information and arrival point at the State

Information and arrival point at the affected Districts

e) Tasks for all EOCs

Determine policies during disaster and post disaster period Adjudicate conflicting, claims and/or request for emergency personnel, equipment, and other resources

Designate responsibilities and duties, as necessary to maintain the optimal use of resources

Provide operating units with requested resources for sustained operations Maintaindocumentation of resource allocation and availability

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Annexure-B

Assessment Report Format

The assessment report may include the following as far as practicable:

Extent of damage in terms of :Geographical area (administrative units and divisions)Expected affected population and effect on population (primary affected persons, dead,injured missing, homeless, displace, orphans, destitute, traumatized population, children underfive, pregnant women, lactating mothersDistricts/Areas worst affectedDamage to infrastructure according to each ESFBuildings (Major and minor damage/destruction) Infrastructure (road damaged/ destroyed,bridge, communication network, electricity network, telecom networkHealth Facilities (Infrastructure damage, condition of equipments, staffs affected, availability ofmedicines/drugs, vaccination/immunizations, major health problemsWater & Sanitation (Availability of safe drinking water and sanitation facilities, environmentalsanitation, stock of disinfectants, condition of water supply system, repair status of watersupply system, potable water systemCrop/ Agriculture (crop damage, livestock loss, health services for livestock, cattle feed/fodder availability, damage to agricultural infrastructures)Food/nutrition (adequate availability of food for family, relief, PDS, Community Kitchen,requirement of baby foodSecondary threats (potential hazardous sites, epidemics etc.)Logistic and Distributions System (Availability of storage facilities, means of transportation,availability of fuel, distribution of criteria)Priority needs (needs of search and rescue, need for team/ boats/special equipments andshelter) Clothing (children clothing, adult clothing, winter clothing)Food items (type of food, baby food, specialized food, cattle feed and fodder)Sanitation (potable water, chlorine powder and disinfectants, manpower for repair of drinkingwater points and disinfections of water bodiesHealth (medical staff, drugs, IV fluids, ORS, equipment, Mobile unit, Immunization vaccine,Cold chain system).Education (infrastructure both temporary and permanent, teacher kits, reading materials)Crop/ agriculture (need of seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, implements)Equipments and manpower required for restoration of infrastructures

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Annexure-C

Guidelines for Reparing Disaster Management Plans byDepartments of Arunachal Pradesh Government

1. Introduction:

As per the section 40(1) of Disaster Management Act, 2005, every department of the StateGovernment should prepare a disaster management plan in conformity with the guidelines laid down bythe State government. The concerned subsections of the DM Act are annexed for ready reference).This guideline has been prepared in order to facilitate the preparation of all the disaster managementplans by all the state departments under the umbrella of the State Disaster Management Authority. Thestate Disaster Management Plan will be prepared in conjunction with the disaster management plans ofthe departments and in consultation with National Disaster Management Authority, Ministry of HomeAffairs and other nodal agencies of the government.

1.1 The preparation of plans will fulfil the statutory requirements as laid down in the DisasterManagement Act and would ensure that efforts have been made by the department to fulfil statutoryduties-failure of which invites stringent liabilities including criminal proceedings by the law of the State.This planning exercise is an effort made to mainstream all issues concerned with emergency prepared-ness, response and mitigation/risk reduction activities. The department should include the followingcomponents in the department plan.

Planning on Emergency Response at all levels,Planning on providing Relief and Recovery support (post disaster)Planning on Prevention and Mitigation issues (Including mainstreaming mitigation into thedevelopment programmes supported by schemes financed by the federal / state government,multilateral/bilateral and donor institutions)Planning for resources such as financial and human resource to fulfil the above three components

The roles and responsibilities (in fulfilling the above four components) of all the actors andagencies within the department should be clearly spelt out in the plan. This will avoid ambiguity andconfusion while executing the plan in the times of crisis. Thus, the roles and responsibilities under theabove listed heads/sections should be prepared and the responsibilities assigned. Department planmust clearly identify and assess the current capacity of the department .In other words, the departmentassess the availability of human resources /manpower, equipment, need for training and further capac-ity building through human resource development plan. In addition, existing resource allocation by thedepartment on disaster management functions and requirements of additional funds for a minimumperiod of next three years must be indicated in the plan.

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Each department disaster management plan shall begin with the introduction section and willessentially cover the following points:

Goal: The goal of the Department Disaster Management Plan should be clearly spelt out.

Objective:

The department should clearly indicate the objective of the departmental plan. For example,the Health Department can state the following objectives:

To save lives of affected population by effective medical responsePrompt and effective treatment of injured in disastersProvide medical emergency function support (ESF) to allied institutions / secondary ESFMembers such as Medical Response Teams at state, district and sub-divisional levels, IndianRed Cross, Civil Defence, Fire Service, NGOs etc.Prevention of health related outbreak and epidemicsTo keep all health infrastructure, equipment and personnel in a state of readiness for responseTo ensure that all health facilities can withstand the actual disaster by adoption of structural andnon structural measures and ensuring that every facility has All Hazard Disaster ManagementPlan.Preparation of Guidelines for State Health Contingency Plan (This may include typical SOPsfor Epidemics such as H1N1 etc), Disease Surveillance System etcTo conduct trainings and capacity building all identified staff including refresher

The above is only illustrative example and is not an exhaustive list for action. The departmentcan determine the scale of operations as per the functions allocated by the state and accordingly alignthe objectives

The process involved in preparing the plan shall include:1. On receipt of the guidelines note the department shall identify experienced official(s) and

sector experts for preparation of the plan.2. A Department Disaster Management Plan should aim to achieve the following objectives:

Prevention and Reduction of disaster impact by undertaking prevention, mitigation, riskreduction measures by structural and non-structural measures (Prevention and Mitigation Plan)Preparation for effective response aimed to save lives, minimize loss and property damage(Emergency Response Plan)Quick recovery from disaster impacts. (Relief and Recovery)Resource Planning (HRD Plan and Department Wise Investment Plan)

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3. Department Plan should clearly define:What actions should be taken in pre-disaster, during and post disaster situations (Define thishazard wise - fast onset and slow onset disaster types)Who should take action;When should action be taken and completed;What are the resources needed for taking action;Whether additional training is needed for taking action. (Indicate this under the HRD Plan)

Organizational Framework:

The next section should highlight details of the Organizational Framework which describes theorganizational matrix/structure for implementation of the plan and coordination with all agencies.

The Organogram must be in the form of a flow chart which can define hierarchy of actions,jurisdiction arrangements, area of operations/responsibility and communication plan.

Departmental wise actions for identified hazards and vulnerabilities:

This section should highlight on indicative (very broad) Hazard Risk and Vulnerabilities in theState and broadly indicate the responsibility of the department to minimize the risks.

For example the Public Health Department of the State could suggest the hazards as follows:

Determine the infrastructure vulnerability of the departments to slow and fast onset hazardsMedical assistance provision required for Quick Onset Hazards such as earthquake,landslide, flash floods, lightening, forest fire, traffic accidents which rapid medical responseand deployment of medical first responders to the field to access and provide medical aid.Epidemics and other health disasters which arise in during monsoon or dry seasons

The vulnerabilities in Health Department could include difficulties in access to health facilities(then planning is needed for mobile teams or medical camps), improper or inadequate networkingwithin the health sector as seen during disasters, poor transportation arrangements for emergencyaction, lack of communication plan/ inadequate communication facilities (then use wireless or policewireless or district EOCs), medical storage and stock pile locations and coverage issues etc.

The department must make a checklist of action to be taken in particular disasters (Thedepartment can study the experience of past disasters to prepare the plan. Some of the departmentsare required to prepare a report on losses and damages and for this methodology should be clearlyspelt out.

This is only an illustrative case and not all details are discussed. The final decision is left tothe department as the final responsibility for action will lie with department.

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Roles of the Department and Roles of their Stakeholders:

This section shall clearly mention the Roles of the Department and their linkages with theStakeholders. Taking the example of Health Department, this section must first begin with the role andresponsibility enjoined (!) upon the health department during disaster and how this responsibility will bedischarged during disasters and how the other stakeholders will collaborate in such an effort.

The Department should identify all stakeholders who have a role to play in disaster manage-ment. Role of each of the stakeholders should be defined. The role of each agency can be specified ina table as follows:

Mapping of Resources:

Mapping of Resources (that are currently available and those that can be brought to use atshort notice) that are available both within the department and outside at all levels is vital part of theplan. Mapping of resources should include mapping of all Human Resources, taking into account of allkey assets within the government system and those outside the government that can be utilized in caseof need. For example the mapping of resources in the health department will include a comprehensiveassessment of resources and should enlist as follows:

* The resources shall be mapped twice in a year

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Sl.No. Men / Material/Equipment/ServicesDescription/Specification eachheading need to beelaborated

Date ofentry*

Qty inNos.

Qty inWt./Vol.

AvailabilityLocation

1. Manpower

2. Services

3. Material

4. Equipment

Role supposed to be played during

Preparedness

MitigationPreventionRelief &recovery

Emergencyresponse(rescue,medicalfirst aid,shelter)

Roleduringdisastersituation

Regularduty

Name oftheagency

Sl.No


Pre-contracts:

During a large scale disaster, the situation may demand large scale mobilization of resources. Inorder to meet this surge it is suggested that line departments enter into pre-contracts with the localvendors/suppliers for immediate supply of materials which could be mobilized in a short period of time.(for example: if the health department is in requirement of additional 10000 saline bottles, the depart-ment can mobilize this with the support of the medicine shops/suppliers. It is hereby suggested that thedepartment enters into an agreement/contract with the suppliers with a payment commitment (say,within a maximum period of three months or earlier). The details can be highlighted in the plan asspecified in the format below:

As mentioned above there should be separate chapters on the following:Prevention and Mitigation Planning,Emergency Response Planning,Relief and Recovery Plan andResource Planning (Financial and Human Resource)

These are briefly discussed below:

Note that the section written earlier can be directly pulled out and inserted under the followingheads. Sections such as mitigation fund etc should figure out in Resource Planning Section.

a. Prevention and Mitigation Planning

This section may include the prevention and mitigation that departments are taking to addressthe disaster risk management issues specially those mentioned in the Disaster Management Act 2005.Forexample ,the UD& Housing may mention the efforts in amendment of building bye laws to make the

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Sl.No. Men / Material/Equipment/ServicesDescription/Specification eachheading need to beelaborated

Qty. in Nos. Qty inWt./Vol.

Pre-contractLocation

Pre-contractvalid up to

1. Manpower

2. Services

3. Material

4. Equipment


construction safe or Education department may mention the training of teachers and students, prepara-tion of school safety plans, incorporation of structural safety features in construction of new schools orPWD may mention the incorporation of safety measures in all its construction projects and training ofengineers and architects etc. (All examples suggested herewith can come in the form of bullet point)These are examples for the convenience of illustration.

Similarly, all the departments should make their own assessment of their roles and responsibili-ties as per the Disaster Management Act and their role in the disaster and crisis situations that they havebeen enjoined upon to play by the government. Another example is that the departments may mentionthe need and effort being made to create the mitigation fund within the department. Another examplewould be to assess the vulnerability of their infrastructure to ensure that during serious crisis situationthe functioning of the department is not stopped and if the disaster is catastrophic, there is minimumdisruption and plan is made to ensure that services are continued.. This section may also mentionthe efforts to repair, strengthen, retrofit the physical infrastructure .And as far as human resourcesis concerned the requirement of capacity building of the staff through training needs to be addressedto.

The deptt. will need to examine the need to create fund within the deptt budget for addressingdisaster mitigation and response activities. Departments may recall that it was suggested earlierby Disaster Management Department to keep aside the 10% of all developmental plan or non-plan budget for disaster management issues. (The above paragraph also mentioned about thefund. It is suggested to fuse them under one bullet point)

b. Emergency Response Planning

(i) Constitution and Deployment of quick response team (QRT) to disaster affected site/ region:

Every department would do an analysis of their domain and then decide on the deployment ofQRTs at the state, district, subdivision, block level and for various magnitude of the event.Experiences has shown that deployment of QRT's is vital for early relief efforts. Once thedecision to constitute the QRT is taken the department should locate the manpower and trainthem to mount a response suo motto. MENTION FROM THE MHA EXAMPLES OF QRTOn the receipt of information about the occurrence of the disaster, these QRT teams is de-ployed quickly. For this the department should prepare a standard operation procedure (SOP)required for deployment of these teams and the SOP should also indicate the course of actionif the QRT is not able to handle the situation on its own. In other words, the department shouldlay down an elaborate sequence that will ensure mobilization and deployment of QRT on thespot, sending of QRT to other line departments for assistance for handling their own crisissituations or for carrying out a joint operation as per the need of the situation, type of furtherresponse required, type of further support required from other departments and from higherlevels than being handled. The Department should clearly identify the person/s who will startthe wheels rolling and continuously moving till the situation is handled. While the situation is

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being handled by the QRTs, other level of the department may need to keep close coordina-tion with other line departments, SEOC, and concerned field level offices.. The response mayalso need the reverse way of action i.e. the department may need the support from other linedepartments, SEOC and field offices to carry out joint operation under the departmental juris-diction. Another way of ensuring that these QRTs become the essential part of the system ofresponse is to publicize the details of these teams, their location, their contact details with allthe departments and with the press and public representatives.

CCare should be taken for disseminating information related to terrorist attack or anythingmatters to security concerned for the State like publicizing may not always be good idea as terrorgroups can use this information for their benefit).

(ii) Mobilization of resources within the department and from outside as per pre-contract with theagencies: (During disaster, the situation may demands large quantity of materials, manpower tobe mobilized immediately. In this regard, the line departments should assess whether they needto enter into pre negotiated contracts with the local vendors/suppliers for immediate supply ofmaterials during the crisis. This prevents the crisis in supplies. (For example: if health Deptt.needs, additional 10000 saline bottles, these can be mobilized from local medicine shops at apre negotiated rate.

(iii) Immediately after the disaster all the departments are required to do rapid loss and damageassessment. The department should devise formats and earmark men and machinery that wouldautomatically set in motion as per the devised methodology. This would prevent in loss of timeand would ensure obtaining supplies. It is possible that the state government may ask theDisaster Management Department machinery to make the damage and loss assessment alsobut the advance action by the concerned action will always save time and the informationcollected by the department can be given to Disaster Management Department which can beeasily consolidated .If needed the damage assessment report can be sent to the EOC at thedistrict and state level .This will help state govt. to consolidate the report and send to Govt, onIndia if immediate financial assistance is needed..

(iv) Relief operations:

The department which participates in the extension of relief either on their own or in partner-ship with other departments will need to include in their plan the SOP of their participation andinvolvement in extension of relief operations. For example the health department needs toinclude in their plan the mechanisms and manner of their participation in relief operations sayafter floods .If the assessment can be done with district administration about the requirementsof possible supplies of medicines etc. then health department can make advance plans. In thisthe experience of assistance provided in last of couple of years will greatly help. Even if thedepartment does not participate in the relief operations directly, planning should be done fordeputing officials, placing the vehicles, use of department storage facility at all levels and otherpossible uses for other available resources of the department.

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(v) Quick restoration of public utility:

The departments like PWD, WRD, PHED, Power, Telecommunication etc have the specificresponsibility for restoration of public utilities as early as possible. For this purpose the con-cerned departments should have their standard SOPs indicating the course for undertakingrestoration works so that life is brought back to near normal as early as possible without anyloss of time and without waiting for further directions from higher authorities .The public utilitydepartments like power, roads, water supply etc. need to have SOPs to ensure continuation ofservices. The department should have the planning done in a way that some contingent fundsare always available and are built into the budgetary heads.

A Table Indicating the Activity to be undertaken (Warning to communities, Evacuation of com-munities etc); Agency responsible; Time schedule; Manpower requirement; Equipment requirement;Estimated Cost can be highlighted in this sub-section.

It is important to mention that Response Planning need to take into account of various types ofdisasters. Some disasters give sufficient lead-time for preparation whereas some disasters strike with-out warning. Therefore the Disaster Management Information System has to take into account of relayof early warning messages for events with sufficient lead time and for the ones without warning theinformation system should be quick enough to plot the hazard intensity of the event. Disasters such asfloods, droughts and tropical cyclones are seasonal in nature. The role and duties of the departmentshould be worked out for seasonal events. If there is a prior warning, the department must take theadvantage to mitigate the possible impacts or undertake prevention. If the disaster has a prior warningstage, various activities to be undertaken before occurrence of the event should be mentioned (forexample cleaning of drains or water channels before the rainy season is an example observed in citieslike Surat, Mumbai or vaccination or immunization or pre-positioning of health officials and medicinesat pre-identified vulnerable locations before rainy or flood season etc by the Health Department). If thedisaster has a warning stage then the department needs to adopt a method of alerting the administrativemachinery, communities, emergency responders, QRTs, volunteers etc and the detail procedure needsto be mentioned in the plan along with an evacuation plan if necessary for the department. The plan alsohighlight to activate the departmental emergency operation centre (control room) with dedicated tele-phone and other communication lines and manpower to coordinate, collect and compile and sharing ofinformation with field level including the community and nodal agencies after receipt of warnings. Theimportant numbers of the control room and focal points need to be shared with public. Planning shouldbe done for adequate no. of vehicles, alternate transportation arrangements, POL, manpower, equip-ment and other resources which would be required to be mobilized quickly. The department must havean activation plan highlighting the measures to be taken with time schedules

The thrust area of the response portion of the plan is post-disaster search, rescue and relief.Therefore, the plan needs to clearly indicate what should be done, who will do it, when and how it willbe done. (If necessary, an activation matrix format can be used). These details in this section will vary

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from departments to departments and should include general details and details of mobilization ofresources including man power and materials that are and may be available within the department andthose that can be requisitioned at short notice from outsider from both from Govt or private agencies asper pre-contractual agreement. The departments should also consider including details of the centralgovt. agencies. The departments should link with the district level database and inventory of resourcesnamely Indian Disaster Resource Network (IDRN) and should get their resources incorporated intothe database. The literature of IDRN is enclosed with the write up. The State Govt has set up Emer-gency Operations Centres (EOCs) at the district and state level and, co-ordination with the EOC atDistrict and State should be established. Departments should consider whether it is required to set upa 24X7 EOC (at least during the monsoon period). For example Health Department in many states hastheir own SOP indicating opening of EOC. If the department decides to have a provision of setting upan EOC then they must have a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) as well as a communication panfor smooth operations and for establishing linkages with the State EOC.

It is understood among the disaster management practitioners that the first 72 hours are mostcritical for mounting the search and rescue efforts, saving lives of trapped victims, providing medicalsupport to the critically/severely injured. The attention span thereafter shifts towards specific relief andrecovery efforts such as providing temporary shelters, food, medicines and other essential supplies. Ofcourse it is not to deny that essential support such as food and medicines also continue to be given inthe first 72 hours. Thus every department should lay down an a Activation Matrix clearly laying downthe time frame for activation and identification and allocation/deployment of resources. - The task-responsibility matrix shall spell out what actions should be taken and who should take action 72 hoursbefore and after the disaster strikes. One such example of activation matrix table is given below;

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Table : Activation Matrix for Slow Onset Hazards (this must be Hazard wise)

TimeT-72 hrsT-48 hrsT-24 hrsT-12 hrsT-4 hrsT+15 minT+30 minT+1 hrsT+4 hrsT+6 hrsT+12 hrsT+24 hrsT+36 hrsT+48 hrsT+72 hrs

Specific Possible Situation Activity Responsibility


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TimeT+15 minT+30 minT+1 hrsT+4 hrs

T+6 hrs

T+12 hrsT+24 hrsT+36 hrsT+48 hrsT+72 hrs

Possible Situation Activity Responsibility

Table : Activation Matrix for Fast Onset Hazards (this must be Hazard wise)

Relief and Recovery Plan

The next chapter of the response plan is towards addressing Relief and Recovery efforts. Thissection should reflects the departmental intervention towards the process of mobilization of relief ma-terials as per need (if required), transportation and storage of relief materials (perishable items likefood, medicines etc, non perishable items like clothes, tents, tarpaulins, tents, utensils, shelter items etc/allocation of funds to the departmental agencies and local administrations etc, process of distribution ofrelief materials to the affected communities by the department and departmental agencies. Many casesrequire air dropping of relief materials particularly to the inaccessible areas which needs to take help ofair force helicopters and airport authorities. For this pre-agreement with the concerned department isrequired to carry out relief operation without loosing precious time.

The department needs to lay down the procedures for acceptance of relief materials fromother State Governments, foreign countries, donors and voluntary organizations. Issues on humanitar-ian assistance like inappropriate distribution of relief materials, gender, religious and unwanted materi-als have to be taken into consideration and long term relief operation should not be encouraged unlesscleared by the state or central Govt as applicable. The relief and recovery plan should include refer-ence to provisions of State Relief Norms or SDRF or any other such documents adopted by thedepartment. The department laid down policy on relief and rehabilitation phases should be incorpo-rated in the plan.

Relief activities of the department should be highlighted in terms of short, medium and longterm as per the practice and policy of the department.

Department Recovery efforts in terms of restoration, rehabilitation and reconstruction shouldbe outlined in this sub-section. The Roles and Responsibilities of the department recovery phase needto be highlighted clearly in bullet points/table. In this section, the department needs to prioritize the


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recovery activities in various phases like immediate (within 72 hrs), short term (3 days to 3 months)and long term (more than 3 months). The recovery activities should specify the areas of intervention,fund and expertise required and time line for completion of the work. Planning of restoration, rehabili-tation and reconstruction activities may differ from department to department.

While addressing disaster management issues there is a unanimous agreement that the commu-nities and the agencies involved towards rebuilding should not recreate the same risks during the phasesof reconstruction and long term rehabilitation. For example there is need to incorporate the disasterresilient elements/features while reconstructing the buildings in the affected area .Another examplewould be to undertake mitigation efforts by all the agencies involved and that there should be coordi-nation amongst all the agencies. This strategy was adopted by the reconstruction agencies while under-taking works after Latur earthquake (1993) and Bhuj earthquake (2001) and by the coastal stateswhich was severely hit by the 26th Dec 2004 Tsunami. Some planning on these issues need to be takenby the departments and these issues and policy would need to be mentioned in the plan so that otherdepartments are involved and informed.

Resource Planning (Financial and Human Resource)

The department needs to indicate in the plan the financial mechanism and options for all theabove 3 sub-sections (prevention & mitigation, emergency response and relief and recovery). Theestimated budget for each activity should be indicated along with the overall budget for all three com-ponents. (it should be indicated whether funds are being sourced from plan/non plan budget of theState Government or from regular schemes of Govt. of India or from some other special fundingprovision). The departments are aware that Disaster Management Department, has advised all depart-ments to allocate 10% of budgetary provision towards disaster preparedness, response and mitigationactivities .This was meant to enable the department to utilize the fund for regular activities like conduct-ing various disaster management training programmes and sending officials for training within and out-side of the state, purchase of equipment etc.

The department should also incorporate details regarding incorporating DM concerns intodevelopmental plans, programmes and projects to ensure that development planning is linked to disas-ter management issues. Hence the details of mitigation and capacity development measures must beclearly spelt out and elaborated in the plan itself and this will also ensure compliance with the statutoryprovisions of the national Disaster Management Act ,2005/. (Reflect the provision of adequate fundsthe requirements of relief materials when disaster strikes, estimated on the basis for past experience.Care should also be taken to make full provision for the requirements of forces deployed on theseoccasions. Availability of funds for the agencies within the department from the plan should be ensured.)

Regarding human resource planning, the department needs to identify disaster managementnodal officer, alternate nodal officer, quick response team (QRT), master trainers, identificationpersonnel for specialized skills and details of the contacts needs to be provided in the plan. The specificroles and responsibilities should be laid down (suggested roles and responsibility of the nodal officerand QRT are annexed).


Roles and responsibilities of the nodal officer are as follows:

Act as the focal point for disaster management activities of the Department .The departmentmay ensure that he/ she have the mandate to work immediately without waiting for directionsfrom above. This will save timeProvide his/ her contact and alternate contact details to Disaster Management Department,State and District Emergency Operation Centres, all line departments and agenciesAccountable to any communication/ actions related to disaster management of the department.Take lead to prepare the department disaster management plan, Emergency Support Function(ESF) plan and Standard Operating Procedure (SOP).Constitute the Quick Response Team (QRT) in the department as per the need and organizetraining for the members.Help the department to procure search & rescue, first aid and department disastermanagement equipment for the QRTs and for the department if requiredProvide regular information on disaster or task assigned to him to SEOC/ DisasterManagement Department during and after disasters in consultation with the department head.Attend disaster management meetings, trainings, workshops or any related programme onbehalf of the departmentIdentify an alternate nodal officer and build his/her capacity.As per the need of the department, set up Control room and assign other official(s) for controlroom duty.Identification and staffs for deployment on site operation centres (on site control room duringa disaster)In consultation with the department, make arrangement of alternative communication systemfor the department.Mobilize resources for disaster response activities as per the resource inventory put in thedepartment DM plan if it is needed by the department or other line departments.Organize regular awareness programmes in the departmentOrganize the periodic mock drills at least twice a year as per the suitability of the departmentand update the plans at all levels and ensure participation of the department in mock drills ofother agencies and other departments.

Roles and responsibilities of QRT:

In QRT, one official should be designated as Team Leader.The members of QRT should act as per the instruction of the team leader of QRT.The QRT will assess whether equipment is required for carrying out of search & rescue andfirst aid activities and accordingly the QRT will be equipped with the required equipment.

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For purchase of equipment, department can utilize departmental fund for the purpose. Thedepartment will finalize the type of equipment is required for the QRT. If assistance is requiredfor identification and finalization of equipment, the department may seek that support fromDisaster Management Department. However, the equipment required for search and rescueand first aid activities for a QRT having 10 members is annexed for reference.Attend training/ refresher courses how to respond after receiving of any information related todisaster/ emergency. For the training of QRT members on First Aid and Search and Rescue,the department will link up with ATI and SIRDQRT should be made familiarize with SOP/ ESF/ DM plan of the department as well as StateDM plan and also about their roles and responsibilitiesQRT should involve in preparation and periodic updation of plan, by incorporating their viewand suggestions for better effectiveness of the plan.Organize mock drills minimum twice a year as per the suitability of the department. Thedepartment will finalize/ fix up the dates of mock drill to be conducted. The date of conductingmock drill will vary from department to department as per the general involvement to thedisasters.After the mock drill, the department will evaluate the performance of QRT and effectiveness ofthe Deptt dm plan and accordingly update the plan.

The department needs to plan to depute officials for the purpose or to plan new recruitment ofofficial if needed.

During disaster, the department may need additional man power to handle the situation effec-tively. In this regard the department to plan to mobilize human resource support in coordination withother line departments or outside agencies/ NGOs/ communities.

Testing, Review and Updating of the Departmental Plan

This section will outline the testing of the plan in terms of Mock drills or Table Top exercises ofthe Plan. Mock drill will see whether the information given in the plan can work effectively during a timeof crisis or not. This will also enhance the efficiency of personnel who will be involving on variousactivities as per the plan. It is suggested to conduct mock drill twice in a year for which the departmentneeds to fix two dates. The mock drill may be conducted within the department and in coordinationwith the State Nodal Agency. Sometimes the mock drill also organized in combination with the otherline department for sectoral responses and based on the finding there has to be a fix timeline for reviewand updating the same.

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Annexure:

The department needs to provide additional/ detailed information with annexure as suggestedbelow. But these are not limited as suggested.

a. Important emergency telephone/ contact number and address.

b. List of resources (man power, materials, equipments etc)

c. Rules, policies (techno legal guidelines) , government orders etc which are related to disastermanagement

d. Formats

e. Maps

f. List of agencies within the department

g. List of field level offices and contact details

h. Checklists


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Annexure-D

Checklist for DM/Deputy Commissioner for DisasterPreparedness in the District

Activities (Y/N) RemarksInstitutional StrengtheningWhether DDMA is functioning on quarterly basisWhether district DM Cell, district nodal officer and Dept. Nodal Officershave been identified and orientedWhether the DM activities are delineated and assigned to the concernedOfficialsAwarenessWhether regular awareness programme organized at all levelsWhether resource materials in CD/ DVDs shared with ADC/SDMs/BDOs/Schools/ Panchayat/ DeptsIEC materials like posters, hoardings handouts, resource materials prepared/collected and shared with ADC/SDMs/ BDOs/ Schools/ Panchayat/ DeptsWhether line Depts like health, education etc incorporated disaster safetycomponents in their awareness programms.Whether flood awareness programme conducted at all levels in the districtWhether print and electronic media been involved for dissemination of warn-ings, awareness to the publicWhether Dy. Commission / ADC/ SDM/ BDO given flood/ flash flood pre-paredness talk in radio/ DDK etcEOC (Control Room)Whether District EOC is functioning round the clockWhether other control rooms like hospitals, police, fire service, water re-source, CWC linked up with the DEOC.Whether OIC-DEOC identified and his/her contact no. shared with all stake-holdersWhether four digit telephone (1077) and IP phones other than the normaltelephone installed in DEOC and publicisedWhether weather report, rainfall info, river flow info etc are being receivedfrom IMD, CWC, Water Resource Deptts on daily basisWhether the DEOC has communication redundancy (telephone, wirelessphone, VHF, UHF, IP phone, internet, mega phone, mobile phone)Whether daily situation report is being sent to SEOCWhether the DEOC receives daily weather report from IMD by email/ fax/phoneWhether the district level hazard and risk maps, maps showing resources,equipments, safe shelters etc available and displayed in EOCEquipmentsWhether the equipments available in the district have been physically tested


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Annexure-E

Mock Drill - Concept and Process

What is Mock drill?It is process- To get acquainted with a plan prepared for the specific purpose.- To evaluate the practicability and suitability of the plan.- To get prepared for any on to do situations.

Where?The concept has been used by the Armed forces/ Para Military Forces.

It is needed because;Perfection/accuracy is need to save loss of life and property.In war there is no second chance, means kill or get killed.War Fitness.To get acquainted with situations, mass destructive weapons and commands.

Why mock drill in Disaster Management?To achieve accuracy for saving lives and property.To make Response more cost effective.To minimize response time.To create trained manpower to deal with disasters.Awareness generation leads to acceptance by the community.To evaluate suitability/ practicability of the DM plan.To get acquainted with the roles and responsibilities.

RequirementsA complete Response/ESF planIncident/ eventManagers/ TeamsVenue/ place of occurrenceAny fixed dateOrganizersObservers/Evaluators/ experts from external agencies.Documentation team.

ProcessMeeting of the DMC members/ command heads.Discuss and draw a plan for mock drill.When, where, on which event, area of coverage, process of documentation, delegation ofresponsibility to organize etc.


Discuss on the response plan of each team.DMTs to be ready with all necessary equipments, stationary and check list for the drill.Finalize duration for pre, during and post disaster activities.Inform the community people in advance and ensure their participation.Make security arrangement for the location where the drill has to be conducted.Verify all the arrangements on the presiding day.Discuss details of mock drill plan with the expert team in advance.Organize the drill as per the plan.

Important pointsGive your 100%.Get involved seriously.Community around should be informed about the drill to avoid panic.Follow the plan.Stick to time.If possible record the drill with the help of Video Camera.Discuss the comments given by the experts and rectify the plan.Share report of the drill with others.Plan for a next drill.Link the drill with the local festivals/ functions.Do not use the term "Drama"Invite nearby Village DMC members to see the entire process.Involve all the institutions in and around the village.

It is fact that practice makes a plan perfect

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Annexure-F

List of Helipads/Landing Grounds inArunachal Pradesh

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Sl/No. Name of helipad /landing group

Co-ordinates Size (length x breadth)

(Metres)

Altitude (Metres)

Remarks

Latitude Longitude (A) TAWANG DISTRICT

1. Mago 270 42’ 00’’ 920 13’ 00” 112 x 40 3680 2. Thingbu 270 39’ 00” 920 07’ 00” 108 x 38 3659 3. Luguthang 270 36’ 00” 920 11’ 00” 80 x 28 3963 4. Mukto 270 30’ 00” 910 55’ 00” 130 x 40 2591 5. Gyamdong 270 18’ 00” 910 52’ 00” 140 x 40 2562 6. Bongleng 270 28’ 00” 910 43’ 00” 150 x 40 1750 7. Khet 270 32’ 00” 920 52’ 00” 90 x 35 2560 8. Bomja 270 31’ 00” 910 47’ 00” 75 x 40 1648 9. Jangda 270 36’ 00” 920 58’ 00” 150 x 50 2870 10. Tawang 270 31’ 25” 890 55’ 30” 135 x 45 2940 11. Lumla 270 31’ 42” 910 42’ 60” 100 x 35 2400

(B) WEST KAMENG DISTRICT

1. Bhalukpong 270 56’ 00” 920 38’ 18” 35 x 35 220 2. Buragaon 270 15’ 00” 920 40’ 00” 25 x 15 1272 3. Thrizino 270 15’ 00” 920 45’ 00” 25 x 15 1140 4. Shergaon 270 07’ 30” 920 16’ 30” 138 x 108 1962 5. Kalaktang 270 06’ 18” 920 07’ 08” 130 x 80 1230 6. Bomdila 270 16’ 00” 920 24’ 00” 30 x 28 2938 7. Dirang 270 21’ 47” 920 14’ 28” 35 x 35 1571 8. Singchung 270 12’ 12” 920 30’ 34” 100 x 35 1600 (C) EAST KAMENG DISTRICT

1. Seppa 270 21’ 00” 930 02’ 44” 50 x 30 362 2. Pakekessang 270 00’ 58” 930 06’ 31” 130 x 35 1100 3. Bameng 270 32’ 25” 920 51’ 30” 75 x 95 1358 4. Chyangtajo 270 40’ 47” 930 08’ 28” 25 x 15 1280 5. Khenewa 270 31’ 07” 930 10’ 18” 13 x 40 1060 6. Pipu 270 33’ 47” 930 07’ 17” 120 x 45 1200 7. Lada 270 33’ 47” 920 47’ 34” 120 x 60 1200


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(A) WEST SIANG DISTRICT

1. Payum 280 35’ 00” 940 40’ 00” 110 x 40 800 ALG handed over to

Ministry of Defence by State Govt.

2. Tato 280 30’ 00” 940 25’ 00” 100 x 65 1400 ALG handed

(A) PAPUMPARE DISTRICT

1. Raj bhawan helipad

270 06 00” 930 37’ 00” 90 x 45 550

2. Naharlagun 270 06’ 42” 930 41’ 45” 95 x 55 290 AFS available 3. R.K. Mission

Hospital helipad

270 06’ 00” 900 37’ 00” 25 x 30 328

4. Doimukh 270 08’ 00” 930 45’ 00” 75 x 30 300 5. Sagalee 270 11’ 00” 930 00’ 00” 75 x 35 900 6. Leporiang 250 14’ 00” 930 17’ 00” 75 x 30 1200 7. Mengio 220 32’ 00” 930 30’ 00” 75 x 30 1500 (B) KURUNG KUMEY DISTRICT

1. Huri 280 07’ 00” 930 18’ 50” 100 x 35 1240 2. Chambang 270 47’ 00” 930 48’ 00” 100 x 35 1260 3. Sarli 270 57’ 00” 900 10’ 00” 100 x 35 1400 4. Palin 270 45’ 00” 930 37’ 00” 75 x 35 1080 5. Damin 280 06’ 00” 930 00’ 00” 50 x 50 960 6. Nyapin

(grassy field) 270 45’ 00” 930 23’ 12” 550 x 30 1040

7. Koloriang 270 54’ 00” 930 21’ 00” 75 x 35 1005 8. Tali 280 15’ 00” 930 45’ 00” 100 x 35 1280 (C) LOWER SUBANSIRI DISTRICT

1. Ziro (ALG) 270 35’ 36” 930 49’ 46” 1218 x 30 1561 ALG handed over to Ministry of Defence by State Govt. & AFS available

2. Raga 280 03’ 00” 930 58’ 00” 100 x 35 1098 (D) UPPER SUBANSIRI DISTRICT

1. Lemeking 280 21’ 00” 930 34’ 00” 35 x 25 1250 2. Taksing 280 22’ 00” 930 06’ 00” 160 x 30 2350 3. Nacho 280 23’ 00” 930 52’ 00” 35 x 37 900 4. Daporijo

(ALG) 270 59’ 00” 940 14’ 00” 1100 x 30 305

5. Giba 280 34’ 00” 950 34’ 00” 25 x 15 400 6. Siyum 280 22’ 00” 940 04’ 00” 30 x 30 1300


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2. Tato 280 30’ 00” 940 25’ 00” 100 x 65 1400 ALG handed over to


3. Monigong 280 45’ 00” 940 15’ 00” 100 x 30 1850 4. Yapik 280 30’ 00” 940 30’ 00” 100 x 60 1200 5. Along (ALG) 280 11’ 00” 940 48’ 00” 911.5 x 27 243 6. Menchuka

(ALG) 280 35’ 00” 950 10’ 00” 1350 x 30 1917

7. Pidi 280 30’ 00” 940 20’ 00” 120 x 25 1800 8. Rumgong 280 25’ 00” 940 40’ 00” 100 x 35 400 9. Zido 280 59’ 00” 940 50’ 00” 75 x 35 600

(A) EAST SIANG DISTRICT

1. Boleng 280 14’ 00” 940 57’ 00” 75 x 35 290 2. Mebo 280 09’ 00” 950 22’ 00” 75 x 35 290 3. Nari 270 48’ 00” 950 03’ 00” 30 x 20 145 4. Koyu 270 59’ 00” 950 57’ 00” 75 x 35 400 5. Pasighat

(ALG) 280 05’ 00” 950 22’ 00” 1005 x 24 152 ALG handed

over to Ministry of Defence by State Govt. AFS available.

6. Pangin 280 12’ 32” 950 00’ 32” 25 x 15 394 7. Sibum 280 19’ 00” 950 09’ 00” 100 x 50 460

(A) UPPER SIANG DISTRICT

1. Jengging- Karko

280 34’ 00” 950 04’ 00” 75 x 35 705

2. Palling 280 50’ 00” 940 49’ 00” 25 x 15 945 3. Nyukkong 280 50’ 00” 950 07’ 00” 25 x 15 1340 4. Gelling 290 05’ 00” 950 00’ 00” 25 x 15 1050 5. Singha 280 48’ 00” 950 15’ 00” 25 x 15 1500 6. Mariang 280 53’ 00” 950 04’ 00” 75 x 35 1000 7. Tuting (ALG) 280 59’ 00” 940 54’ 00” 1350 x 30 600 ALG handed

over to Ministry of Defence by State Govt.

8. Yingkiong 280 38’ 00” 950 01’ 00” 100 x 40 500 9. Gibe 280 35’ 00” 950 04’ 00” 35 x 15 401

10. Ramsing 280 39’ 04” 950 01’ 00” 25 x 15 480 11. Kugging 280 57’ 38” 950 59’ 13” 25 x 15 800


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12. Bishing 290 07’ 55” 950 03’ 54” 25 x 15 1200 13. Mankota 280 53’ 20” 950 05’ 49” 25 x 15 995 14. Tashigaon 280 51’ 27” 950 08’ 59” 25 x 15 1525 15. Panggo 280 53’ 16” 940 46’ 26” 25 x 15 553 16. Janbo 280 47’ 45” 940 51’ 54” 25 x 15 1055 17. Bomdo 280 45’ 28” 940 54’ 08” 25 x 15 640 18. Mosing 280 48’ 38” 940 47’ 40” 25 x 15 1020 19. Mayong 290 05’ 50” 950 01’ 54” 25 x 15 1097 20. Likor 280 49’ 50” 940 54’ 00” 25 x 15 570 21. Geku 280 25’ 15” 950 05’ 45” 65 x 30 360

(A) DIBANG VALLEY DISTRICT

1. Anelieh 280 49’ 00” 950 50’ 00” 100 x 35 1600 2. Dambuine 280 48’ 00” 950 48’ 00” 105 x 35 1815 3. Etalin 280 35’ 00” 950 50’ 00” 100 x 35 1876 4. Kronli 280 20’ 00” 950 50’ 00” 100 x 35 1200 5. Malinye 280 42’ 00” 960 10’ 00” 100 x 35 1920 6. Mipi 280 55’ 00” 950 48’ 00” 100 x 35 1836 7. Anini 280 49’ 00” 950 50’ 00” 105 x 44 1857 8. Alinye (ALG) 280 60’ 00” 950 53’ 00” 1900 x 150 1585

(A) LOWER SUBANSIRI DISTRICT

1. Roing 280 08’ 46” 950 50’ 22” 75 x 35 395.53 2. Dambuk 280 50’ 00” 950 35’ 00” 75 x 35 416 3. Desali 290 17’ 00” 960 06’ 00” 100 x 35 1200 4. Hunli 280 20’ 00” 950 58’ 00” 75 x 35 1383 5. Paglam 270 55’ 00” 950 31’ 00” 30 x 30 135

(B) ANJAW DISTRICT

1. Kibithoo 280 15’ 00” 960 34’ 00” 110 x 40 1400 2. Hawai 270 53’ 00” 960 48’ 00” 110 x 40 1243 3. Chaglagam 280 19’ 00” 960 34’ 00” 155 x 40 1639 4. Goiliang 280 09’ 00” 960 37.5’ 00” 60 x 25 900 5. Hayuliang

(ALG) 280 05’ 00” 960 28’ 00” 530 x 45 612

6. Walong (ALG)

280 05’ 00” 970 00’ 00” 978 x 73 1000 ALG handed over to



N.B. - Accuracy of co-ordinates and latest status & condition of helipads/landing grounds to be ascer-tained before conduct of flying operation by any operator. Details of helipads collected from DeputyCommissioners and Public Works Department, Government of Arunachal Pradesh.

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(A) LOHIT DISTRICT

1. Namsai 270 40’ 00” 950 50’ 00” 118 x 128 141 2. Mahadevpur 270 43’ 20” 950 08’ 32” 50 x 35 146.3 3. Tezu (airfield) 270 35’ 00” 960 10’ 00” 1370 x 30 220 4. Wakro 270 37’ 00” 950 52’ 00” 75 x 35 487 5. Nallong 270 45’ 40” 950 57’ 73” 25 x 25 163

(B) CHANGLANG DISTRICT

1. Changlang 270 08’ 44” 950 44’ 50” 75 x 35 564 2. Khimiang 270 00’ 00” 950 43’ 08” 100 x 35 1740 3. Jairampur 270 01’ 00” 960 10’ 00” 100 x 80 215 4. Miao 270 30’ 00” 960 15’ 00” 75 x 35 260 5. Vijaynagar

(ALG) 270 09’ 00” 970 00’ 00” 1287 x

21.36 1275 ALG handed

over to Ministry of Defence by State Govt.

6. Bordumsa 270 31’ 00” 950 53’ 00” 75 x 35 151 7. Namtok 270 14’ 00” 950 39’ 00” 55 x 45 322 8. Diyun 270 32’ 00” 960 03’ 00” 25 x 15 206 9. Pangsu Pass 270 27’ 00” 960 02’ 00” 50 x 25 885

(C) TIRAP DISTRICT

1. Longding 260 52’ 00” 950 18’ 00” 35 x 35 1006 2. Pumao 260 49’ 00” 950 14’ 00” 25 x 15 1378 3. Pongchau 260 43’ 00” 950 17’ 00” 25 x 15 1320 4. Wakka 260 48’ 00” 950 26’ 00” 25 x 15 1450 5. Kanubari 260 56’ 00” 950 21’ 00” 35 x 25 210 6. Nginu

(Longchan) 260 51’ 00” 950 23’ 00” 25 x 15 810

7. Deomali 270 12’ 00” 950 25’ 00” 75 x 35 154 8. Dadam 260 55’ 00” 950 28’ 00” 25 x 25 1320 9. Borduria 270 02’ 00” 950 29’ 00” 25 x 25 810 10. Lazu 260 51’ 00” 950 35’ 00” 64 x 32 1650 11. Khonsa 270 00’ 00” 950 32’ 00” 75 x 36 1140


STATE DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN-2019

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