Revision of the Siobla annulicornis, acutiscutella and sheni groups (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)

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ZOOTAXAISSN 1175-5326 (print edition)

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Zootaxa 2643: 45–65 (2010) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article

Revision of the Siobla annulicornis, acutiscutella and sheni groups (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)

GENGYUN NIU & MEICAI WEI 1

College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, P. R .China. E-mail:[email protected] author. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

The taxonomic history of the genus Siobla Cameron, 1877 is outlined, and the genus is redescribed. Nine species groups are recognized. Keys for separation of the species groups and the species of the annulicornis group and acutiscutellagroup are provided. Siobla annulicornis sp. nov., S. leucocincta sp. nov., S. weni sp. nov. and S. acutiserrula sp. nov., all from China, are described. The previously described species, Siobla acutiscutella Wei & Nie, 1999, S. zhangi Wei, 2005 and S. sheni Wei, 2002 are illustrated. Siobla nanlingia Wei, 2005 is a new synonym of S. zhangi Wei, 2005.

Key words: Hymenoptera, Tenthredininae, Siobla, species groups, new species, China

Introduction

Siobla Cameron, 1877, is an Old World genus of sawflies known only from the Palaearctic and Oriental Regions. Taeger & Blank (2008) listed 73 valid species. Wei et al. (2006) recorded 44 species of Siobla from China. Saini (2007) studied the genus in India and recorded 15 species. Takeuchi listed 7 species from Japan including an undescribed species. Lee (2000) listed 6 species from Korea. Liston (1995) listed 2 species from Europe.

Siobla has most commonly been placed in the subfamily Tenthredininae (Malaise, 1945; Takeuchi, 1952; Zombori, 1982; Wei & Nie, 1998b; Abe & Smith, 1991, Goulet, 1996, Saini, 2007). Some researchers proposed a tribe, Sioblini, only for Siobla or with some other genera (Takeuchi, 1952; Benson, 1959; Zombori, 1982; Wei & Nie, 1998a). Lacourt (1996) proposed a subfamily Sioblinae only for the genus. The relationships between Siobla and other genera of Sioblini and of Tenthredininae are not resolved at present. Further phylogenetic analyses of the Tenthredininae are necessary to clarify the systematic position of Siobla.

Cameron (1877) described the genus Siobla, together with a new species; S. mooreana, from Yunan (Yunnan), China. He also included Tenthredo incerta Cameron, 1876 (now placed in Nepala Muche, 1986) and Tenthredo sturmii Klug, 1817 in Siobla. Thirteen years later, Konow (1890) erected Encarsioneura for T. sturmii. Dalla Torre (1894) treated Encarsioneura as a junior synonym of Siobla. Ashmead (1898) designated S. mooreana as the type species of Siobla. Konow (1905) treated Siobla as a junior synonym of TaxonusHartig, 1837 and persisted in maintaining Encarsioneura as a good genus. Schrottky (1913) described three species of Siobla from South America, but they belong in the Selandriinae (Abrahamovich et al. 2010).Dovnar-Zapolskij (1930) described a new species and proposed a new genus, Megasiobla. Malaise (1934) synonymized Megasiobla with Siobla. Since then, there has been no further controversy about the generic status and content of Siobla.

Here, we separate the known species of Siobla into nine groups, and provide keys to groups for identifying the adults. The genus is redescribed and three small groups are revised: the annulicornis, acutiscutella and sheni groups.

Accepted by A. Taeger: 15 Sep. 2010; published: 13 Oct. 2010 45


Material and methods

Specimen images were taken using a digital camera with a series of images montaged using Helicon Focus (©HeliconSoft). The distribution map was prepared using the software DIVA-GIS (downloaded free from the website: http://www.diva-gis.org).

Terminology of sawfly genitalia follows Ross (1945). Wing venation and cell terminology is shown in Fig. 1.

All specimens including the types of the new species are deposited in the Insect Collection of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China

Results

Siobla Cameron

Siobla Cameron, 1877: 88–89. Type species: Siobla mooreana Cameron, 1877, by subsequent designation of Ashmead, 1898.

Encarsioneura Konow, 1890: 240. Type species: Tenthredo sturmii Klug, 1817, by monotypy.Megasiobla Dovnar-Zapolskij, 1930: 86. Type species: Megasiobla zenaida Dovnar-Zapolskij, 1930, by original

designation.

Diagnosis: Head and thorax densely punctured; anterior margin of clypeus subtruncate; mandibles asymmetrical, left mandible bidentate, right mandible simple, without inner tooth or basal lobe; metabasitarsomere compressed laterally; pedicel of antenna longer than wide; inner tooth of claw much longer than outer tooth; anal cell of fore wing with an oblique crossvein slightly beyond middle; lancet slender, distinctly sclerotized, usually without distinct annular suture.

Description: Body robust, head and thorax usually densely punctured; clypeus small, anterior margin subtruncate, sometimes feebly and roundly protruding, or with a small incision; labrum round at apex; mandibles short and stout, asymmetrical, left one with a distinct inner tooth at about middle, right one simple, without inner tooth or basal lobe; malar space about 0.5–1.5x diameter of ocellus in female, or narrower in male; eyes large or medium-sized, inner margins straight, strongly converging downwards; supra-antennal tubercles usually not elevated; middle fovea large, lateral fovea distinct, open anteriorly; frons weakly defined; ocellar triangle small; head behind eyes in dorsal view not elongated, lateral sides converging posteriorly; occipital carina sharp and complete; antenna about as long as or longer than abdomen but clearly shorter than thorax and abdomen together, pedicel longer than wide, third antennomere much longer than fourth antennomere; anterior collar of pronotum narrow with broadest part about two times diameter of ocellus; ventral margins of propleura narrowly and roundly meeting; anterior margin of mesoscutellum truncate, furrow before mesoscutellum very deep, transverse; metanotum with a deep and broad basin before metascutellum, distance between cenchri about two times width of a cenchrus; metapostnotum strongly constricted, linear on meson; epicnemium absent, mesepisternum without ventral thorn but with a sharp anterior marginal carina, mesepimeron broad, with a transverse ridge at middle, metepimeron narrow with a small dorsal lobe, posterior corner not extending posteriorly; first abdominal tergite with distinct middle suture and a small blotch; inner tibial spur of fore leg bifurcate; hind coxa normal, not strongly elongated; apex of hind femur extends beyond apex of abdomen; hind tibia longer than hind femur and second trochanter together, inner tibial spur about as long as or shorter than half length of metabasitarsomere; metabasitarsomere strongly compressed laterally, distinctly shorter than following four tarsomeres together; claw without basal lobe, inner tooth much longer than outer tooth; fore wing with cu-a meeting cell 1M at about basal 1/7, apex of vein R distinctly turned down, vein R+M much shorter than cu-a, first abscissa of vein M parallel with 1m-cu, anal cell with an oblique cross vein slightly beyond middle; hind wing with cell Rs and M closed, anal cell shortly petiolate, marginal vein in male absent; lancet slender, distinctly sclerotized, usually without distinct annular sutures; penis valve simple, very narrow or elliptical.

NIU & WEI46 · Zootaxa 2643 © 2010 Magnolia Press


Whilst some species are apparently narrowly oligophagous (e.g. S. sturmii on Impatiens species), others may be polyphagous, as seems to be indicated by records of S. ruficornis on plants of various families in the foodplant list by Verzhutskii (1981). Liston (1995, 1997), Taeger (1998) Lacourt (1999) and Schmitz (2007) mentioned hostplants of Siobla species. Nakamura (1962), Takeuchi (1949) and Lee et al. (2000) recorded some hostplants of S. ferox.

The limited existing data suggest that most Siobla are univoltine. Overwintering is in a leathery cocoon: emergence may sometimes take place after two winters (Malaise 1931). Larvae of Siobla are unusual in appearance, because they possess large, thorn-shaped, fleshy processes (described by some authors as “spines”) on the dorsum of thorax and abdomen (Lorenz & Kraus 1957; Ahola 2001). After the last larval moult, these processes are lost.

PLATE 1. Siobla zuoae Wei, 2005. (a). Veins of fore wing; (b). Veins of hind wing; (c). Cells of fore wing; (d). Cells of hind wing.

Key to the groups of Siobla Cameron

1 Body distinctly metallic blue, head sometimes with reddish or greenish tinge.................................... metallica group- Body colour various, but without distinct metallic tinge.............................................................................................. 22 Anterior slope of mesoscutellum almost impunctate, strongly shiny; posterior slope densely punctured, interspaces

distinct .................................................................................................................................................... grahami group- Anterior slope of mesoscutellum densely punctured, shiny interspaces distinct or absent, seldom wider than diame-

ter of a puncture; posterior slope extremely densely punctured, without shiny interspaces, matt ............................... 33 Mesoscutellum strongly elevated, much higher than level of scutum, with acute peak, posterior slope perpendicular

(Fig.6i); apical 2/5 of fore wing distinctly infuscate; antenna black on apical 2/3, brownish on basal 1/3; lancet broadened before apex, serrulae strongly protruding (Fig.6k); valviceps of penis valve broad, apical 1/3 distinctly narrowed, dorsal margin with a few large teeth, laterally distinctly convex (Fig.6l) .................... acutiscutella group

- Mesoscutellum flat or elevated, not higher than level of scutum, apex not acute, posterior slope oblique (Fig.9c); wings hyaline; if mesoscutellum higher than level of scutum or fore wing infuscate at apex, then lancet not broad-ened before apex and serrulae not strongly protruding; valviceps of penis valve broad, or narrow with many small marginal teeth on dorsum............................................................................................................................................. 4

4 Mesoscutellum black; valviceps of penis valve broad at least on basal 2/3 (Figs.2b, c, d) ........................................ 5- Mesoscutellum yellowish brown; valviceps of penis valve narrow (Fig.2a) .............................................................. 85 Antenna black, middle or apical antennomeres white or pale brown ......................................................................... 6- Antenna black or reddish, without white ..................................................................................................................... 7

Zootaxa 2643 © 2010 Magnolia Press · 47REVISION OF SIOBLA


6 1st to 5th antennomeres black, 4 apical antennomeres white; lancet narrowing towards apex, serrulae weakly pro-truding, not sharp ................................................................................................................................... venusta group

- Some middle antennomeres partly white or pale brown, base and apex of flagellum black; lancet distinctly broad-ened before apex, serrulae strongly protruding, sharp (Fig.3i) ...................................................... annulicornis group

7 Hind trochanter pale, apical margin of hind coxa and basal margin of hind femur sometimes pale.......................................................................................................................................................................................... formosana group

- Hind trochanter entirely or mostly black ................................................................................................. sturmii group8 Antenna black with 4–5 apical antennomeres white; lancet strongly sclerotized, apical 3 annular sutures distinct and

complete (Fig.9g ) ...................................................................................................................................... sheni group- Antenna yellow brown, apical antennomeres sometimes black; lancet weakly sclerotized, apical annular sutures ves-

tigial ..............................................................................................................................................................ferox group

PLATE 2. Penis valves. (a). S. fulvomarginata Wei & Nie, 1999; (b). S. liui Wei, 1998; (c). S. zhongi Wei, 2002; (d). S. rufopropodea Wei, 1998.



List of known species of each species group

acutiscutella group S. acutiscutella Wei & Nie, 1999S. acutiserrula sp. nov.S. nanlingia Wei, 2005S. weni sp. nov.S. zhangi Wei, 2005

annulicornis groupS. annulicornis sp. nov.S. leucocincta sp. nov.

ferox groupS. cavaleriei Malaise, 1945S. ferox (F. Smith, 1874)S. fulva Takeuchi, 1927S. fulvolobata Malaise, 1945S. fulvolobata transferra Wei, 2002S. fulvomarginata Wei & Nie, 1999S. hirasana Takeuchi, 1929S. insularis Malaise, 1934S. iridipennis Malaise, 1934S. maxima Turner, 1920S. pseudoforex Wei & Nie, 2003S. schedli Haris, 2007S. scutellata Muche, 1986S. spinola Wei, 2006S. straminea immaculata Wei, 2002S. straminea Malaise, 1945S. taiwanica Malaise, 1945

formosana groupS. formosana Takeuchi, 1927S. rufipes Malaise, 1945S. rufipes infuscata Malaise, 1945S. semipicta Malaise, 1945S. semipicta fasciata Malaise, 1945S. rufopropodea Wei, 1998S. zuoae Wei, 2005

grahami groupS. bengalensis Saini et al., 1985S. darjilingia Saini et al., 1985S. davidi Saini & Vasu, 2000S. fulvitarsus Saini & Vasu, 2000S. grahami Malaise, 1945S. harpeata Saini & Bharti, 1999S. indica Saini & Bharti, 1996S. mooreana Cameron, 1877


missliu

高亮

missliu

附注

pseudoferox


S. punctata (Cameron, 1899)S. scapeata Saini & Bharti, 1999S. turneri Malaise, 1934S. varia Saini, Blank & D. R. Smith, 2006

metallica groupS. chalybeata Saini & Vasu, 2000S. metallica Takeuchi,1929S. nigricruris Lee & Ryu, 1996S. reticulatia Wei, 1998S. szechuanica Malaise, 1934S. zenaida (Dovnar-Zapolskij, 1930)

sheni groupS. sheni Wei, 2002

sturmii groupS. atra Malaise, 1945S. breviantennata Saini & Vasu, 2000S. compressicornis Malaise, 1945S. femorata Malaise, 1945S. frigida (Mocsáry, 1909)S. fumipennis Malaise, 1945S. grossa Malaise, 1931S. jucunda (Mocsáry, 1909)S. liui Wei, 1998S. longepilosa Malaise, 1934S. malaisei Mallach, 1933S. pacifica (F. Smith, 1874)S. ruficornis (Gimmerthal, 1834)S. rufoscapa Wei, 2002S. similis (Mocsáry, 1909)S. sturmii (Klug, 1817)S. sturmii plesia Malaise, 1945S. tuberculatana Wei, 2002S. villosa Malaise, 1931S. xizangensis Xiao, Huang & Zhou, 1988S. yunanensis Haris & Roller, 1999

venusta group S. venusta apicalis Takeuchi, 1929S. venusta rohweri Malaise, 1945S. venusta venusta (Konow, 1903)S. vernalis Malaise, 1945S. zhongi Wei, 2002

annulicornis group

Diagnosis: Body including clypeus and mesoscutellum black, abdomen and legs partly pale; base and apex of antenna black, some middle antennomeres partly white or pale brown; head above antennal sockets,



mesoscutellum, and elevated part of mesepisternum densely punctured, without shiny interspaces; mesoscutellum feebly elevated, without peak; wings hyaline, apex slightly infuscate; ovipositor much longer than metabasitarsomere; lancet distinctly broadened before apex, serrulae strongly protruding, sharp; annular sutures vestigial; valviceps of penis valve broad, elliptical, apical part not strongly narrowed.

This group includes two species, both from central China.

Key to species of the annulicornis group

1 4th to 7th antennomeres yellow brown; pronotum black; hind trochanter, fore and middle femur largely, basal 2/5 (female) or 2/3 (male) of hind femur, all tibiae and tarsi in female, fore and middle tibiae and tarsi, hind tarsi, basal 2/3 of hind tibia in male, 2nd to 4th abdominal tergites, yellow brown; abdominal tergites without blue luster; fore-wings weakly but distinctly infuscate at apex, stigma yellow brown; interspaces of punctures on temple hardly shiny (Figs.3e, f); malar space as long as radius of ocellus; lateral furrows of postocellar area strongly divergent posteri-orly; middle fovea large and shallow (Figs.3e, f); ventral margin of sheath angularly bent near apex (Fig.3h).............................................................................................................................................................. S. annulicornis sp. nov.

- 5th and 6th antennomeres partly white; broad posterior margin of pronotum reddish brown; most of fore femur, mid-dle and hind legs entirely black; most of 2nd abdominal tergite, 2nd to 5th abdominal sternites, yellow brown; 3rd to 8th abdominal tergites with feebly blue metallic luster; wings hyaline, stigma dark brown; interspaces of punctures on temple distinctly shiny (Fig.4e); malar space as long as diameter of ocellus; lateral furrows of postocellar area parallel posteriorly; middle fovea narrow and deep (Fig.4e); ventral margin of sheath roundly and evenly curved toward apex (Fig.4c) ................................................................................................................. .S. leucocincta sp. nov.

Siobla annulicornis sp. nov.(Plate. 3)

Description. Holotype: &.Body length 13 mm. Body black, 4th to7th antennomeres, 2nd and 3rd abdominal tergites entirely, 4th

abdominal tergite except narrow posterior margin, 2nd to 4th abdominal sternites, cerci, yellow brown; apex of sheath brown. Legs pale yellowish brown, all coxae, fore and middle trochanters largely, apical 4/7 of hind femur black, central part of middle femur dorsally with faint black macula. Body hairs pale brown. Wings yellowish hyaline, weakly but distinctly infuscate at apex, stigma yellowish brown, most of vein C and other veins dark brown (Figs. 3a, b).

Clypeus evenly punctured, interspaces narrow, distinctly shiny; head above antennal sockets, posterior orbit densely and coarsely punctured, without shiny interspaces, matt, punctures small; malar space microsculptured; dorsum of pronotum, lateral sides and posterior corner of prescutum, inner margin of scutum, mesoscutellum entirely, elevated part of mesepisternum densely and coarsely punctured, without shiny interspaces, punctures small; anterior collar of pronotum sparsely punctured, shiny; middle of prescutum, most of scutum densely punctured, with linear shiny interspaces; appendage of mesoscutellum, anterior carina of metascutellum basin, anterior margin of mesepimeron, and most of metepimeron shiny, almost impunctate; metapostnotum microsculptured, anterior and ventral part of mesepisternum sparsely punctured, shiny; basal four abdominal tergites without punctures or microsculpture, other tergites with shallow and sparse punctures and fine microsculpture.

Anterior margin of clypeus almost truncate, slightly incised at middle; malar space as long as radius of ocellus; inner margins of eyes distinctly convergent, shortest distance between eyes as long as eye height; middle fovea large and shallow, lateral fovea small and deep; supra-antennal tubercles low and obtuse, slightly elevated; frontal walls very low, indistinct; interocellar furrow distinct, bifurcate near middle ocellus, slightly deeper than postocellar furrow; postocellar area slightly elevated, wider than long as 15: 11, posterior part as high as top of ocelli, with fine middle longitudinal carina; lateral furrows curved, deep, strongly divergent posteriorly; head behind eyes shorter than eyes in dorsal view (23: 32), lateral sides curved, distinctly convergent posteriorly; occipital carina sharp, complete (Fig. 3e). Antenna with pedicel longer than



broad as 3: 2, relative length of third to fifth antennomeres as 26: 15: 13, fifth to eighth antennomeres slightly dilated, compressed, inner and outer sides with shallow middle furrows. Mesepisternum angularly elevated, with indistinct corner; mesoscutellum elevated roundly, as high as top of scutum, without carina (Fig. 3g); appendage flat, anterior margin distinctly elevated at middle. Inner tibial spur of hind leg slightly shorter than half length of metabasitarsomere. Hairs on temple and mesoscutellum as long as diameter of ocellus. Ovipositor 1.5 times as long as metabasitarsomere, sheath in lateral view distinctly longer than basal plate (10: 7), ventral margin straight, apex obliquely truncate, lower corner distinctly angulated (Fig. 3h). Lancet distinctly broadened just before apex, with 14 serrulae, middle serrulae each with 1 inner and 7–8 outer subbasal teeth; middle scleroras each about 5 times as long as broad, dorsal margin of sclerora flat, almost straight (Figs. 3i, j, k).

PLATE 3. Siobla annulicornis sp. nov. (a). Female adult in dorsal view; (b). Female adult in lateral view; (c). Male adult in dorsal view; (d). Male adult in lateral view; (e). Head of female in dorsal view; (f). Head of male in dorsal view; (g). Mesonotum in lateral view; (h). Sheath in lateral view; (i). Lancet; (j). Middle serrulae; (k). Apical serrulae; (l). Harpe and parapenis; (m). Penis valve.

Male: Body length 10.5 mm (Figs. 3c, d). Colour similar to female except apex of 3rd antennomere ventrally yellow brown, outer sides of fore and middle femora basally, apical ring of hind tibia black, lateral



sides of 3rd and 4th abdominal tergites black, 5th abdominal sternite yellow white; 3rd to 10th abdominal tergites with distinct, sparse punctures; malar space linear, shortest distance between eyes shorter than eye height as 4:5, head behind eyes distinctly shorter than eyes in dorsal view as 5: 9 (Fig. 3f); hairs on temple slightly longer than diameter of ocellus, apices curved; anterior margin of subgenital plate round; genitalia as in Figs. 1l and 1m.

Variability: No variability is found in the five type specimens. Etymology: The specific epithet refers to the yellow brown middle antennomeres.Specimen examined: Holotype: &, Mt. Zhongnan, Shaanxi (33°59.506´N, 108°58.356´E), alt. 1555 m,

27 May, 2006, YANG Qin leg.; Paratypes: 4%%, same data as for holotype.Distribution: China (Shaanxi).Remarks: See the above key for the differences between S. annulicornis and S. leucocincta.

Siobla leucocincta sp. nov. (Plate 4)

Description. Holotype: &.Body length 12 mm. Body and legs black, 3rd to 8th abdominal tergites with feeble metallic luster; most

of 5th antennomere and basal half of 6th antennomeres, most of 2nd abdominal tergite, small anterior spot on lateral side of 3rd abdominal tergite, and 2nd to 4th abdominal sternites, white; mandible except basal part, basal half of 1st antennomere, anterior corner and broad posterior margin of pronotum, orange brown; fore leg with outer side of coxa, femur, tibia and anterior side of basitarsus, dark yellow brown. Body hairs pale brown on dorsum of head and thorax, silver on venter of thorax and abdomen, hairs on mesoscutellum brown and on sheath pale brown. Wings hyaline, stigma and veins dark brown (Figs. 4a, b).

Clypeus densely and faintly punctured, interspaces shiny; front coarsely punctured with microsculptures; malar space densely microsculptured; temple with dense and larger punctures, interspaces narrow, shiny. Pronotum coarsely punctured with dense microsculpture, mesonotum densely punctured, with linear shiny interspaces; middle of mesoscutum with an oblique impunctate stripe; mesoscutellum densely punctured without interspaces, matt, scutellar appendage shiny; metascutellum densely punctured, interspaces feebly microsculptured; upper half of mesepisternum densely punctured, anepimeron, most of katepimeron, and middle of metapleuron microsculptured, posterior margin of katepimeron, posterior corner of metepimeron, and venter of metepisternum smooth, strongly shiny; venter of mesepisternum sparsely punctured, slightly shiny. First and 2nd tergites of abdomen smooth without punctures or microsculpture, other tergites feebly microsculptured, apical 4 to 5 tergites with shallow punctures.

Anterior margin of clypeus shallowly incised at middle; malar space as long as diameter of middle ocellus; inner margins of eyes distinctly convergent, shortest distance between eyes 1.2 times as long as eye height; middle fovea narrow and deep, lateral fovea small and deep; supra-antennal tubercles elevated, confluent with frontal ridges; frontal walls very narrow and fine; interocellar furrow distinct, postocellar furrow rather shallow; postocellar area slightly elevated, much lower than top of ocelli, wider than long as 10: 7; lateral furrows curved in middle, deep, parallel posteriorly; head behind eyes shorter than eyes in dorsal view (23: 28), lateral sides curved, posterior part distinctly convergent posteriorly; occipital carina sharp, complete (Fig. 4e). Antenna as long as abdomen, flagellum compressed, relative lengths of 3rd to 5th antennomeres as 19: 12: 11. Mesepisternum angularly elevated, with distinct corner; mesoscutellum roundly elevated, slightly higher than top of scutum, without carina; appendage flat. Relative lengths of inner tibial spur of hind leg and length of metabasitarsomere as 47: 100, Relative lengths of 1st tarsal pulvillus and 2nd tarsus of hind leg as 9: 37 (Fig. 4d). Hairs on temple as long as diameter of ocellus. Ovipositor longer than metabasitarsomere as 10: 7, sheath in lateral view distinctly longer than basal plate as 22: 15 (Fig. 4c). Lancet distinctly broadened just before apex, with 10 serrulae, middle serrulae each with 1 inner and 10–12 outer subbasal teeth (Figs. 4f, g).

Male: Unknown.



Variability: The antenna in the paratype is as long as the abdomen with the 5th and 6th antennomeres partly white on the outside; 1r-m is absent and the anal cross vein in the right forewing is absent.

Etymology: The specific epithet refers to the white middle antennomeres.Specimens examined: Holotype: &, Erlonghe, Mt. Liupan, Ningxia (35°23.380´N, 106°20.701´E), alt.

1945 m, 5 July, 2008, LIU Fei leg.; paratype: 1&, same data as for holotype.Distribution: China (Ningxia).Remarks: See the above key for the differences between S. annulicornis. and S. leucocincta.

PLATE 4. Siobla leucocincta sp. nov. (a). Female adult in dorsal view; (b). Female adult in lateral view; (c). Sheath in lateral view; (d). Hind tarsus; (e). Head of female in dorsal view; (f). Lancet; (g). Middle serrulae.



acutiscutella group

Diagnosis: Body including clypeus and mesoscutellum yellow, without metallic tinge, apex of antenna black; wings hyaline, apex distinctly infuscate; head above antennal sockets, mesoscutellum, and elevated part of mesepisternum densely punctured, usually without shiny interspaces; abdominal tergites shiny with few punctures; eyes large, shortest distance between eyes usually longer than eye height in female, slightly shorter in male; lateral sides of head behind eyes distinctly curved in dorsal view, occipital carina complete and sharp; mesoscutellum distinctly elevated, usually with a peak; ovipositor nearly as long as metabasitarsomere; lancet distinctly broadened before apex, subapical serrulae strongly protruding, sharp; annular sutures vestigial; valviceps of penis valve broad and elliptical in basal 2/3, apical part narrowed, dorsal margin with distinct teeth.

This group includes four species, all distributed in central China.

Key to species of acutiscutella group

1 Dorsum of head and thorax with visible shiny interspaces between punctures; mesoscutellum with roundish peak, posterior slope oblique (Fig. 9c); apical 4 antennomeres black; mesonotum with 3–5 separate black maculae; hind tibia without black macula; abdomen yellowish, 5th to 7th tergites sometimes with black maculae, middle serrulae each with 5–6 outer subbasal teeth in female (Fig.9f); hind coxa yellowish brown except basal margin black in male. China: Zhejiang, Hunan, Guizhou ........................................................................................................... S. zhangi Wei

- Dorsum of head and thorax coarsely and densely punctured, nearly without shiny interspaces; peak of mesoscutel-lum acute with posterior slope perpendicular to posttergite; at least apical 5 antennomeres black; mesonotum without black macula, apical half of hind tibia black, abdomen yellowish, apical 3–4 tergites black in female; coxae black except apical margin yellowish brown in male ........................................................................................................... 2

2 Apex of fore wing with a small smoky macula, basal limit beyond vein 2r (Fig.5a); postocellar area broader than long, lateral furrows curved outwards, slightly divergent posteriorly (Fig.5c); large part of metabasitarsomere black, venter of apical 3 or 4 tergites and sternites of abdomen yellowish in female. China: Henan................................................................................................................................................................................... S. acutiscutella Wei & Nie

- Apex of fore wing with a large smoky macula, inner margin of macula convex, basad 1r-m, postocellar area as long as broad, lateral furrows straight, parallel posteriorly; metabasitarsomere entirely yellowish; apical 3 or 4 tergites and sternites entirely black ........................................................................................................................................... 3

3 Body robust (Fig.7a); clypeus roundly protruding and slightly incised medially (Fig.7i); peak of mesoscutellum not very acute (Fig.7h); lancet with 15–16 serrulae, middle serrulae each with 1 inner subbasal tooth and 8–9 outer sub-basal teeth; most of head yellowish brown, face, lower part of inner orbit, frons, ocellar area, lower part of hind orbit black, mesoscutellum yellowish brown including anterior part (Fig.7f); lower parts of volsella and gonolacinia large (Fig.7n). China: Hunan .........................................................................................................................S. weni sp. nov.

- Body slender (Fig.6a); clypeus subtruncate at apex, without middle incision; peak of mesoscutellum acute (Fig.6i); lancet slender and with 12–13 serrulae, middle serrulae each with 1 inner subbasal tooth and 5–6 outer subbasal teeth; in male, head except mouthparts black, anterior margin of mesoscutellum and scutum entirely black (Fig.6h); lower parts of volsella and gonolacinia small (Fig.6m). China: Sichuan ................................ S. acutiserrula sp. nov.

Siobla acutiscutella Wei & Nie, 1999 (Plate 5)

Siobla acutiscutella Wei & Nie, 1999b, 102–103.

Variability: Body length varies from 11.5 to 12.5 mm.Specimens examined: &, holotype, Baotianman, Neixiang, Henan, alt. 1600m, 15 July, 1998, WEI Mei-

Cai leg.; 1&, paratype, Baotianman, Neixiang, Henan, alt. 1300–1700m, 22 July, 2004, LIU Wei-Xing leg.Distribution: China (Henan).



Siobla acutiserrula sp. nov. (Plate 6)

Description. Holotype: &.Body length 12 mm (Figs. 6a, b). Body yellow brown with following black: apex of 3rd antennomere

ventrally, venter of 4th antennomere largely, 5 apical antennomeres entirely, a large macula on 5th abdominal tergite, 6th to 10th abdominal tergites and sternites entirely, sheath, a small round spot on posterior side of hind femur apically, apical half of hind tibia; and body hairs yellow brown. Wings yellowish hyaline, with a large smoky macula at apex, inner margin of macula convex and reaching1r-m, vein C and stigma yellow brown, other veins blackish brown.

PLATE 5. Siobla acutiscutella Wei & Nie, 1999. (a). Female adult in dorsal view; (b). Female adult in lateral view; (c). Head of female in dorsal view; (d). Head of female in frontal view; (e). Mesonotum in lateral view; (f). Sheath in lateral view; (g). Lancet; (h).Middle serrulae.

Clypeus with large and sparse punctures, malar space microsculptured, other parts of head densely punctured, without shiny interspaces, matt; propleuron, most of metapleuron, and appendage of mesoscutellum strongly shiny, without distinct punctures and microsculpture pronotum rugose, mesoscutum densely punctured, feebly shiny; mesoscutellum, metascutellum, and elevated part of mesepisternum densely and coarsely punctured, without distinct interspaces, matt; anterior, posterior and venter of mesepisternum sparsely punctured, shiny; mesepimeron densely and finely microsculptured; upper margin of metepisternum feebly punctured, shiny, other parts of metapleura strongly shiny; first abdominal tergite without microsculpture, shiny; other tergites indistinctly microsculptured, apical 5 tergites with shallow and sparse punctures.

Anterior margin of clypeus truncate, without middle incision, lateral corner almost rectangular; inner margins of eyes distinctly convergent, shortest distance between eyes 1.14 times eye height; malar space as long as diameter of ocellus (Fig.6e); middle fovea large and deep, merging with frontal basin; lateral fovea small; supra-antennal tubercles slightly elevated, narrow, connected to fine and sharp frontal ridge; interocellar furrow shallow, postocellar furrow indistinct; lateral furrows deep, straight, parallel to each other



posteriorly; postocellar area slightly elevated, lower than top of ocelli, without middle carina, wider than long as 7: 6; head behind eyes distinctly shorter than eye in dorsal view, lateral sides curved, distinctly convergent posteriorly; occipital carina sharp, complete. Antenna slightly longer than abdomen, relative lengths of third to fifth antennomeres as 44: 27: 25, fifth to eighth antennomeres slightly dilated, compressed, inner and outer sides of each with a distinct furrow. Mesepisternum angularly elevated, with distinct corner; mesoscutellum strongly elevated, much higher than top of scutum, apex acute, anterior slope convex, posterior slope perpendicular (Fig. 6i); appendage elevated, without middle carina. Metabasitarsomere as long as following 4 tarsomeres together. Hairs on temple and mesoscutellum sparse, shorter than diameter of ocellus. Ovipositor longer than metabasitarsomere as 9: 8, sheath slender in lateral view (Fig. 6g). Lancet long and slender, with 12–14 serrulae, middle serrulae each with 1 inner and 5–6 outer subbasal teeth, apical 3 to 4 serrulae continuous (Figs. 6j, k).

PLATE 6. Siobla acutiserrula sp. nov. (a). Female adult in dorsal view; (b). Female adult in lateral view; (c). Male adult in dorsal view; (d). Male adult in lateral view; (e); Head of female in frontal view; (f). Head of male in frontal view; (g). Sheath in lateral view; (h). Head of male in dorsal view; (i). Mesonotum in lateral view; (j). Lancet; (k). Middle serrulae; (l). Penis valve; (m). Harpe and parapenis.

Male: Body length 10–11 mm (Figs. 6c, d). Body black, scape, pedicel, dorsum of 3rd and 4th antennomeres, basal 3rd of 3rd antennomere ventrally dark reddish brown; mouthparts yellow brown, apex of



mandible and most of labium black; apical half of clypeus, broad posterior margin of pronotum, tegula, mesoscutellum and appendage, metascutellum and lateral carinas, posterior 2/3 of first abdominal tergite, 2nd and 3rd tergites entirely, anterior half of 4th tergite, and 2nd to 5th abdominal sternites yellow brown; legs yellow brown, most of coxae, base and apex of middle femur dorsally, broad stripe on dorsum of hind femur, extreme base and apical half of hind tibia black, trochanters and tarsus pale yellow brown. Wings indistinctly grayish, hyaline, apical 1/3 distinctly infuscate, vein C and stigma yellow brown, other veins black. Body hairs pale brown. Punctation and structure similar to female except as follows: malar space hardly as long as radius of ocellus, shortest distance between eyes slightly narrower than eye height; head in dorsal view slightly convex behind eyes and then distinctly narrowed, slightly longer than half length of eye (Fig. 6f); subgenital plate as long as wide, apex round; genitalia as in Figs.6l, m.

Variability: The ventral part of the mesepisternum in 5 female specimens is black; the postocellar area in one male has a brown spot.

Etymology: The specific epithet refers to the acute serrulae of the female lancet.Specimens examined: Holotype: &, Leidongping, Mt. Emei, Sichuan (29°32.476Ń, 103°19.890É), alt.

2400m, 26 July 2006, WEI Mei-Cai leg.; paratypes: 3 &&, same data as for holotype., 4 %%, Leidongping, Mt. Emei, Sichuan (29°52.42Ń, 103°34.03É), alt. 2045m, 12 June 2007, ZHANG Shao-Bing, LIU Fei leg.; 4 &&, Leidongping, Mt. Emei, Sichuan (29°54.6Ń, 103°32.7É), alt. 2350m, 7–8 July 2009, WEI Mei-Cai, LI Ze-Jian leg.

Distribution: China (Sichuan).Remarks: The new species is similar to S. weni., but differs from it by the slender body; clypeus

subtruncate at apex, without middle incision; the peak of the mesoscutellum acute; the shortest distance between eyes longer than eye height in female; lancet slender and with 12–13 serrulae, the middle serrulae each with 1 inner subbasal tooth and 5–6 outer subbasal teeth; in male, the head except mouthparts black, the anterior margin of mesoscutellum and scutum entirely black; the lower parts of volsella and gonolacinia small.

Siobla weni sp. nov. (Plate 7)

Description. Holotype: &.Body length 13 mm. Body yellow brown with following black: 3rd and 4th antennomeres ventrally, 5

apical antennomeres entirely, middle of 5th abdominal tergite, 6th to 10th abdominal tergites entirely, a small round spot on posterior side of hind femur apically, apical 2/5 of hind tibia; middle of metabasitarsomere infuscate; clypeus, mouthparts, posterior part of mesoscutellum, appendage of mesoscutellum, each trochanter, basal 2/3 of hind tibia, and hind tarsomeres pale yellow. Body hairs yellow brown. Wings yellowish hyaline, apex of fore wing with a large smoky macula, inner margin of macula convex and reaching 1r-m, vein C and stigma yellow brown, other veins blackish brown (Figs. 7a, b).

Clypeus with sparse punctures, other parts of head densely punctured, without shiny interspaces, matt; pronotum rugose, tegula, propleuron and metapleuron except a middle stripe strongly shiny, without distinct punctures and microsculpture; mesoscutum densely punctured, feebly shiny; mesoscutellum with large punctures, interspaces narrow, matt; posterior slope of mesoscutellum densely punctured not shiny; appendage of mesoscutellum microsculptured; metascutellum densely punctured; elevated part of mesepisternum densely and coarsely punctured, anterior and posterior part sparsely punctured, shiny; venter of mesepisternum with sparse and shallow punctures, shiny; first abdominal tergite without microsculpture, shiny, other tergites indistinctly microsculptured, apical 5 tergites with shallow and sparse punctures.

Anterior margin of clypeus rounded, with small middle incision; malar space as long as diameter of ocellus; inner margin of eyes distinctly convergent downwards, shortest distance between eyes as long as eye height; middle fovea large and deep, merging with frontal basin; lateral fovea small; supra-antennal tubercles slightly elevated, narrow, connected to fine frontal ridge; interocellar furrow, postocellar furrow indistinct;



lateral furrows deep, straight, parallel to each other posteriorly; postocellar area slightly elevated, slightly lower than top of ocelli, without middle carina, as long as broad; head behind eyes distinctly shorter than eye in dorsal view (14:19), lateral sides curved, distinctly convergent posteriorly; occipital carina sharp, complete (Fig.7e). Antenna slightly longer than abdomen, relative length of third to fifth antennomeres as 42:24:23, fifth to eighth antennomeres slightly dilated, compressed, inner and outer sides of each with a distinct furrow. Mesepisternum angularly elevated, with indistinct corner; mesoscutellum strongly elevated, much higher than top of scutum, apex feebly acute, anterior slope convex (Fig. 7h). Metabasitarsomere as long as following 4 tarsomeres together. Hairs on temple dense, slightly shorter than diameter of ocellus. Hairs on mesoscutellum sparse, much shorter than diameter of ocellus. Ovipositor longer than metabasitarsomere as 8: 7; sheath slender in lateral view (Fig.7g). Lancet long and slender (Fig.7k), with 14–15 serrulae, middle serrulae each with 1 inner and 8–9 outer subbasal teeth (Fig.7l), apical 3 to 4 serrulae continuous.

PLATE 7. Siobla weni sp. nov. (a). Female adult in dorsal view; (b). Female adult in lateral view; (c). Male adult in dorsal view; (d). Male adult in lateral view; (e). Head of female in dorsal view; (f). Head of male in dorsal view; (g). Sheath in lateral view; (h). Mesonotum in lateral view; (i). Head of female in frontal view; (j). Head of male in frontal view; (k). Lancet; (l). Middle serrulae; (m). Penis valve; (n). Harpe and parapenis.

Male: Body length 11 mm (Figs.7c, d). Body yellow brown with face, lower part of inner orbit, frons, ocellar area, and lower part of hind orbit black; antenna black, scape, pedicel, and base and apex of 3rd antennomere reddish brown; anterior margin of pronotum, dorsum of scutum except a triangular middle spot (Fig.7f), mesopleuron, metapleuron, posterior part of metapostnotum, basal part of first abdominal tergite, lateral macula of 4th tergite, 5th to 8th tergites and 7th to 8th abdominal sternites black; legs yellow brown,



most of coxae, base of fore femur dorsally, broad stripe on dorsum of middle and of hind femur, extreme base and apical 1/3 of hind tibia black, hind tarsus pale yellow. Wings indistinctly grayish hyaline, apical 1/3 distinctly infuscate, vein C and stigma yellow brown, other veins black. Body hairs pale brown. Punctation and structure similar to female except malar space hardly as long as radius of ocellus, shortest distance between eyes slightly narrower than eye height; head behind eyes as long as half of eye in dorsal view (Fig.7j); subgenital plate as long as wide, apex round; genitalia as in Figs. 5k, j.

Etymology: This species is named for the collector of the holotype.Specimens examined: Holotype: &, Mt. Badagong, Sangzhi, Hunan, alt. 1250m, 13 Aug, 2001, WEN

Jun, HUANG Ning-Ting leg.; paratypes: 1%, Mt. Huping, Shimen, Hunan, alt. 1500m, 19 July, 2002, WEI Mei-Cai leg.

Distribution: China (Hunan).Remarks: The new species is similar to S. acutiserrula., but differs from the latter by the following: body

robust; clypeus roundly protruding and slightly incised medially; the peak of the mesoscutellum not very acute; the shortest distance between eyes as long as eye height in female; lancet with 15–16 serrulae, the middle serrulae each with 1 inner subbasal tooth and 8–9 outer subbasal teeth; most of head yellowish brown with face, lower part of inner orbit, frons, ocellar area, and lower part of hind orbit black, mesoscutellum yellowish brown include anterior part; lower parts of volsella and gonolacinia large.

PLATE 8. Siobla zhangi Wei, 2005. (a). Female adult in dorsal view; (b). Female adult in lateral view; (c). Male adult in dorsal view; (d). Male adult in lateral view; (e). Head of female in dorsal view; (f). Head of male in dorsal view; (g). Mesonotum in lateral view; (h). Sheath in lateral view; (i). Lancet; (j). Apical serrulae; (k). Penis valve; (l). Harpe and parapenis.



Siobla zhangi Wei, 2005 (Plate 8)

Siobla zhangi Wei, in Wei & Xiao 2005, 477–478, &Siobla nanlingia Wei, in Wei & Xiao 2005, 479–480, %. New synonym.

Variability: The size of the black macula in abdominal tergite in female varies from large to small or may even be absent in some specimens; the posterior margin of the 3rd and the 4th abdominal tergites black in some specimens.

Specimens examined: &, Holotype, Mt. Long, Lianyuan, Hunan, 11 May, 1999, XIAO Wei leg.; 5 &&, Paratype, Mt. Long, Lianyuan, Hunan, 11 May, 1999, ZHANG Kai-Jian leg.; 1&, Paratype, Pinghe-Linjiang, Xishui, Guizhou, alt. 800–1500m, 2 June, 2000, XIAO Wei leg.; 1&, Mt. Fanjing, Guizhou, 14 May, 1988, WU Hong leg.; 1 &, Mt. Tianmu, Zhejiang, 6 July, 1963, JIN Gen-Tao leg.; 2&&, Mt. Shunhuang, Yongzhou, Hunan, alt. 800–1000m, 27 Apr., 2004, ZHANG Shao-Bing, LIN Yang leg.; 1&, Mt. Shunhuang, Yongzhou, Hunan, alt. 800–1200m, 27 Apr., 2004, ZHOU Hu leg. 8 %%, Mt. Long, Lianyuan, Hunan, 11 May, 1999, XIAO Wei & ZHANG Kai-Jian leg. (paratype of S. nanlingia); 1%, Pinghe-Linjiang, Xishui, Guizhou, alt. 800–1500m, 2 June, 2000, XIAO Wei leg. (paratype of S. nanlingia) ; 3%%, Taoyuandong, Yanling, Hunan, 24 April, 1999, WEI Mei-Cai leg. (paratype of S. nanlingia); 1&, Gouli, Mt. Mufu, Hunan (28°57.939Ń, 113°49.711É), alt. 860m, 21 May, 2008, LIU Fei leg..

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Hunan, Zhejiang).Note: The male of S. nanlingia Wei, 2005 is undoubtedly the undescribed male of S. zhangi Wei, 2005

based on new material, but the only paratype female of S. nanlingia is an undescribed species of the formosana group.

sheni group

Diagnosis: Body black, without metallic tinge, apical antennomeres and mesoscutellum pale yellow brown or white, abdomen and legs partly pale; apex of fore wing distinctly infuscate; head dorsally densely and coarsely punctured, temple with linear shiny interspaces; anterior slope of mesoscutellum evenly punctured, interspaces about 1/3 diameter of punctures, shiny; posterior slope coarsely punctured, matt; body hairs straight, shorter than diameter of lateral ocellus; ovipositor much longer than metabasitarsomere; sheath short and broad in lateral view, round at apex; lancet strongly sclerotized, subapical part not broadened, several apical annular sutures entire, serrulae low, slightly protruding.

This is a small group including one known species only at present.

Siobla sheni Wei, 2002 (Plate 9)

Siobla sheni Wei, in Wei & Nie 2002: 121.

Variability: &, holotype, Mt. Baiyun, Songxian, Henan, alt. 1300 m, 4 June, 2001, Zhong Yihai leg.; 1&, Yaolangou, Shennongjia, Hubei (31°29.104Ń, 110°22.878É), alt. 1430m, 19 July, 2009, ZHAO Fu leg.

Specimen examined: The body length of the holotype is 15.5mm, and most of the 3rd abdominal tergite is yellow brown. A specimen collected from Shennongjia, Hubei Provence is slightly shorter than the holotype (13.5mm), and the 3rd abdominal tergite is black.

Distribution: China (Henan, Hubei).



PLATE 9. Siobla sheni Wei, 2002. (a). Female adult in dorsal view; (b). Female adult in lateral view; (c). Mesonotum in lateral view; (d). Sheath in lateral view; (e). Head and Thorax of female in dorsal view; (f). Lancet; (g). Apical serrulae.

Distribution records (fig. 10).

FIGURE 10. Distribution records for seven species studied.



Acknowledgements

Our cordial thanks are due to Prof. Shaobing ZHANG and Mr. Zejian LI (Hunan Province, China) for taking photographs, and to Prof. Xun ZHU (Hunan Province, China) for collecting specimens of a new species. This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30571504, 30771741) and the Special President Foundation of Central South University of Forestry and Technology.

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Revision of the Siobla annulicornis, acutiscutella and sheni groups (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)

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