Les Pradelles (Marillac-le-Franc, France): A mousterian reindeer hunting camp
Red Deer and Reindeer: Variations in Magdalenian Hunter-Gatherer Social Organization and Visual...
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Red Deer and Reindeer: Dr. Rebecca H. Schwendler SWCA Environmental Consultants Denver, Colorado, USA Variations in Magdalenian Hunter-Gatherer Social Organization and Visual Signaling ca. 17,000–11,000 BP
Transcript of Red Deer and Reindeer: Variations in Magdalenian Hunter-Gatherer Social Organization and Visual...
Red Deer and Reindeer:
Dr. Rebecca H. SchwendlerSWCA Environmental Consultants
Denver, Colorado, USA
Variations in Magdalenian Hunter-Gatherer Social Organization and Visual Signaling ca. 17,000–11,000 BP
Visual Displays
Circulated materials and decorative objects embedded with information
about social qualities and/or social relations
(El Periódico de la Prehistoria by MacDonald 1999)
Identification Via Comparison
Even Women of Siberia (Spirit of Siberia by Oakes and Riewe 1998)
Individual Identity and Skill
Hunter’s Shirt (Mali, late 19th-early 20th century)
Aharmiut woman of Alaska wearing 30 Lb. beaded parka
(Copper and Caribou Inuit Skin Clothing Production by Oakes 1991)
Costly Signaling
The Central Magdalenian World
Atlantic Ocean
Mediterranean Sea
Spain
France Switzerland
GermanyBelgium
Netherlands
N
200 km
North Sea (dry)
(El Periódico de la Prehistoria by MacDonald 1999)
Magdalenian Phases
• Upper Magdalenian:13,000-11,000 BP
• Middle Magdalenian:14,500-13,000 BP
• Lower Magdalenian:17,000-14,500 BP
Distribution of Lower Magdalenian Sites
N
200 km
LMBadg.
N
200 km
Distribution of Middle Magdalenian Sites
N
200 km
Distribution of Upper Magdalenian Sites
Hydrology and Topography of the Selected Magdalenian Area
Atlantic Ocean
Mediterranean Sea
RiversElevations
Coastline ca. 13,000 BP1
(1Housley et al. 1997)
Raw Materials
Personal Adornments
Portable Decorated Objects
Cantabrian Spain
(L’Art Préhistorique des Pyrénées by Thiault and Roy 1996)
The Pyrenees
Middle Rhine Valley, Germany
Intensity of Visual Display
Measure of the ratio of visual displays to potential audience size
# of items of personal ornamentation at site# of sites within a 50 km radius of site
Intensity of Visual Display (Lower Magdalenian)
Urtiaga
Hohle Fels Schelklingen
N
200 km
Ratio Range: 0 to 28
N
200 km
Isturitz
Intensity of Visual Display (Middle Magdalenian)
Ratio Range: 0.1 to 65
N
200 km
Petersfels
Ratio Range: 0 to 74.3
Intensity of Visual Display (Upper Magdalenian)
N
200 km
Lithic Raw Material Connections (Middle Magdalenian)
1
4
200 km
N
Other Material Connections (Middle Magdalenian)
Lithic Raw Material Connections (Upper Magdalenian)
N
200 km
4
N
200 km
Other Material Connections (Upper Magdalenian)
Red Deer Engraved on Scapulae (Lower Magdalenian)
El Castillo
Range: 1 to 33
N
200 km
200 km
Isturitz
Enlène
Mas d’Azil sites with disks
sites with scapulae
Bone Disks (Middle Magdalenian)
Range: 1 to 53
N
200 km
N
200 km
Isturitz Mas d’AzilEnlène
Horse Head Contours Découpés (Middle Magdalenian)
Range: 1 to 22
Labastide Cache (Middle Magdalenian)
200 km
N
Range: 1 to 9
Stylized Frontal-View Ibex (Upper Magdalenian)
Gönnersdorf
200 km
N
Range: 1 to 400
Stylized Female Engravings (Upper Magdalenian)
Social Organization
• Cantabrian Spain:– Achieved hierarchy to heterarchy
• Pyrenees:– Widespread achieved hierarchy to heterarchy
• Southwestern Germany:– Individual achieved hierarchy
Funding Acknowledgements
• SWCA Environmental Consultants• University of New Mexico:
– Latin American and Iberian Institute– Office of Graduate Studies– Graduate and Professional Student Association– Department of Anthropology
