C2Do~)~ R

ELIZhEETH KOS~ETATCU

Reassessing IG IT 1498-150 1A Kuthairesis or Eksetasmosl

Tbe in~epretntiQn of me fragrncn(ory I parriaiy publsl1ed 10 n2 1493-150 l A nlj$ bcn no ClSy task fc schcbrs oll of whom have plausibly associated it wid) Ly kO llIshygos reforms in lh~ 330$ Be but still debate on (~e p1rticu lfl rs including ~[S moming Tbs arrick will tke 1 fresh look u he cvictenc by r~viewing the origin S tc i el~ conshytets lnd som or i ~ rCMOUOl$ ard by piacing it l r the COl1text of similar surviving

oocumcn($ frOrl lhe CIOJicJ ~nd I-iellcrsic pcriOc$ Th fou fr gmcnts were pTooebly firs( assocl3[cd wit1 rhe 53-me st~le by A Ivf

Woodward yhose no~ Diane na~5 used fer her 1992 ronserv3tive republicacon of the ir 3cripdon He nbo joircd a flfm piece Ole UIlpublishcd pound 1 1619 to tte known pieces~ HlITi$ 3150 IDised Some doubts abOll( Kir~hner$ restoraiol~ eSpecially of 10 n2 1~9S some of which =ira itldeed bold end Gould be acceptc~1 at leSt 1S exempli grashytia3 Ncvc~1J1elcssgt o( ~er rcslOrltions severnl or which rtams chc~~ noC [0 acc2~t lire frurlr crca in g lven rh~t st1l1dumiddotd fOnTiJIlls Ilre used hloug~QUC (he inventOry

The cor~tcn~ 0 i t~ta1izi ngly fnlgmem~ry dOCJmenl make It JtltlS( one thing lear lld thls is tllm it conisted of two Parts flrst came a lis oj ~middottelai all probabl Gong 10 tho l aS( dcJ of he 5 th ccntLlry Be (IG rr2 149amp- ll 1-22) Th~y were lluef by the LWO boards or Irelsu~~r) or Ahenl nd of ne Other Gods lno )Jere in a) 1ikc-ood nrcnor- t or c~ourt The list of ln~criJticrs i fol1owed by a zrolJP of dedictloM and nejioomA ([tciile XP~Ma-JQ -c~l xe[prlAla1) inc luding pre~ umsbJv bronze stnrues (10 n 1493 l 23-41 B II 42-81 Ie rr2 1499 IG rr2 1500A B IG n2 150lA) ko refeleac ~o the IOclGon of these item illlvives but

1 Thlnk li re cue ~o Anconic Ch3 e y Remo md y(lfy ClnT)middotse ior di scu5Zing witl me problcm~ el~ted to tlI~ oper

In diseuinZ IG n2 1498-15011 ) om mQinly following KircJocr3 eXt oJI~ough i hnvc rcscvoions auout some of his lS(ortltions AI [he same time I fmd Hari re~ubiicmiddot lion ci he ~ext leo cOllscrvlltt e ~CiUse it reject ~1storlt10n~ thJt Jte cer(1i Po sct thlll wa3 trnt noted oy Chriouli Cf D E~i BrljnU SzarUlt1S Ott rhi Arhtrtinr t~rtgtpcliJ The E iderta of a Lycrlrgc111 Inventory -lA 96 (l992) 637-652 SEG 4~ (1992) Nr 1S A Choniot gt Epigrapftfc 2ull~tln jor Gr~a R1ligiol1 1992 Ken08 9 (J996) 374 Nr 90 wherO ~ddi tiou J -e~torlltion~ are roposed~ D HP-tTis-Cline Brok~ SIll1US Snall~red Iushyslos Mimtffi3 ~n(1 fJroflu Body Przrrs on the AxmoILs it C C M([[usci A 9rnuer S~ Knuds en (Hng) From lhe Parr 0 hI Whnl~ VOlulne I 1cta 0 fl6 l3th Infemiddot naionol jan~~ CampIIIGress Cambridge IHasJQchuscuJ A1av 28-Junt 1 1996 Pott~mou~i~ Rr 2000135-141 here none of Ch~liotis commS1ts 1lItl cnncems ~ aciciressed Tracv lin ollvincingly ll8ud hal tile tele in quesrion wru proout=d by his middotCum~r of G n2 334 who IlS IlctV( [ro m J 345 to en ~20 Be Cf S V Tracy 4tAeirl1 Democracy fit 1lanston Arric ul1~rmiddotCJter 7om 340 to 90 Be Berkeley i99~ ~5

2 C~ Harris Brcnt Sttlt~ (s 1 i) 639 Nr 79 3 C- 0 -r2 1498 arris BroliU SJawes (L n ) 646

34 iz O$ti t fIOU

~~2middot middotS 01 rU~ con incin~ (~~= umiddot clci r hL q once ocon Sc t _~~ )~ (he ~imp(l vmiddoth~re J ( ieSt Orc ~~ - of _-tC s1ck Wltl S (Es((lyerdU Howcfer 1( fUIt t s lJE[e(i(di

to CtrQU OO W1 c~ erlC~ clting or sore of t~e sculp -s alt~ocintLg he gtlt~es (Ir

ltnidren -Yith tile sbnne of AoJIis 9~1Irt)nl) Cln rtO l stand to sCl j ~Il chlldn1s tLUe~ [ha t He mentioned in the D v~nlOry I re those of bt)ys ana JS Chi rioris his r5~Y ObSt1ed one would ~xpect gidsS Ie is ilio ObVIOUS from the text that Sc~rAI tc rn Wlrc camjged t) vIl ryin 1 d~grees which led Ya-rs to propoe ih at h~ invCntory LlfldC- d i$CJ$~(l n lti~5 j(cr - ~tSlimiddotled for (he Jl1lltiI1g ptgtr (AC(9cdp e(n)o Taking nO ti

of the state ~[ -eserll1don ur [he tXl ltis loe1J ~s tbe fact ih Rt pws of it appear (0 be inconsisterr WJ- t1 ~totr s of deaccessCln ~middothril) Scb Qhscrved tbat the pUrj)ClSc o~ the seck is1o longe~ tvident and proposed th~t 1G u2 1J95- i501A is an ordin~-j irshyvntory or -IS ane dai rhac e~ i ltttd in the Sannolrj of A theJ~ in ltr 4(~ cenrury BC7 Decltces earlier D Buu -Thompson made a case for in[e re~i npound t~e inveniory in ltlestion as a list of objects arr~cng whkh statUes th Jt had Fuffe--Gd as lt re-$Jlt rr robmiddot ber attjmiddotilyo

A close r ook at th tex suggeSts th~r both nOIT~son and Matru scb i imeprecJ

llOI1~ bYc prcbaby weri[ and we nUl therefore ~easses ~he impi icu~on s of this imshyp~rt~rL puzli i1g docJment w1ic 1 may reflect t~e siruanon on the AJi()~oEs ~n th l~~ century Be The Es 22 tines or lG Il2 1498A H~ [ le~s~ 26 srdaii of V3-y inS siz~s and they arc middote9foducec beJow with l~C lestonHOI 1 lCCpt 3noog middotvhch a few of my ()Wn

IG II 149B A in~~ 1- 21 stoic hidOr 4C

( = 13 JljO e [ ~ 18 [ == ~ 7 J (11[1 ]lt ~ ( 15 J ( =14- t2J]v trtu tWV fDv bull 14 j [ ~l ~61 v tCt~l1iiiv ~ampv ii)[iQJv 10 J

5 ( 1 Ojv Il[)V [~JampY n[ eo~ plusmn9 I

4 There is )0 Information on llle rchlcologJ~al COn tet of he ohc~ imgmenlb 5 Hani~ Erol)u Storuu (s n l) 643 645 Chaniom Epigraphfc Buuin 1992 (s n

1) 374 Nr 90 On girls lcrrmiddotobullcninlj a burJ at Bra~ron Se~ T C W Scinton lp nzslaquondia and Ie S~af oj 3rauron CQ4 09i6) ll-13 M ~ Btlnhord Les jifkttts i BrCJllrm Meincier ~4 (i 979) 283-294 C Momcpuollc l 1rielo 4 arauroll S~R 3 (1979) 343shy364 L KOi ilLe UlhCllair~ d~ Brl1lJT~n ct la religion grEcquc CRI 33 (l9S8) 799-813 K Wlldcer Klllvdume on Frauen fr i tiell cias Beispiel JeT AtmLJ Brauroniu in Ttl Spath B WltlS1cr-hosci ~Htsg) jrauenwliull in dpr M ilke tJucniuhcrordJ1ung wild weibUdlC leb~nJpr(Us mil 161 Quci(~nreccr ud BilLiqulillen S(urti~n 000 53-8 l

o Harris Erone SUuu es (s n 1) 6 37-6~2 D HarrisCinc 8oic~n SlaTtts (s1 i )135-i4

7 C C MSmJIiCh Clofslca l BrQm~s TiIcent Arr anti Cn~fr rj vret end ROItD71 S ttttlury llbn 1996 LQ l - I02

IS Ham llas ne e oruidored Thompsocs theory C u 3 ThornpiOD Tilc Go lden Nikai Tlconlmiddoticie~d HCliperl1 ~ ( ~ 944) U-205

y 4~ jeost 6 Htla i ~ enUOl~a in ~c eXL ~Ilthe ll-tun t~ l v1amlscn iuggeS t~ c~ Mit1usch Ciusical ilom133 (s n ) 101

R ~ e~~ nS 0 Il ~ jltl~ ~ - lr) l() f1 Tci~ ur iJ Cf~~mCgtJ 3

b poundIT AV ~itVDmiddot~middot ()ttl ~n ~i~( middotria xu~al middot1t C~ CI- r

L0000~En JrO] c()1 cip-apwv dp5H1 12 1 l v~+tT tol1l0JV 8v afJClv eri 6 [ c ritol~ ao(C) middot ]

[0 xalux ~Aa~i (loij l CLjl IWV iiIl [ii)41 ft-] J [ - - 110 (cn lTt rcu ClOXOv~OC xa~lcn Tt ICl ~middot a t)Ail tCt ~)V TIjshy

(s geo)ij 2(1 1CxAEOUlt) OuAi81Ct tpoundljJlWV toov ampiJmv r-1 -- - - S[ I - [ bull 1

(p tov llt(Ov 1f e~1o~ hEhO~tov b(x~ltWV Tfl~ Seou it- [tl-L]-t1QV Cc lampv ii~ 9LOU i1KtOv tcrtlJampv tile Seou poundp60middot J

15 lJlOV] -raVUDV Ti) e[O~ omiddotrl6]oov t C~l[~ Cy tfis 9t0c eVGQ-J

(v ~~~ JlampV n~ 9pound01 8el(c-cv -tClIl[ tOlV tfl e~o~ poundvamppoundKumiddotl [-coJ ]o~llO)V 11~ BE-cu otooexomiddot-rLo 1cq10V tite 8=0) tp-) [hovJ )(Cl 8tlCmiddottmiddotwv ~Ctlnc)v ri1~ L5ECij -citctptov Kat ce- [rov] m~ampv i geou Ihampi_lt9ov =Jd ]

( (5vJ tCl tklWV -ri 8poundo~ btL = 1 O-+~l tcIJ -1

[at (ltOJ) ta~OJY TI1~ ~ QU 6XO~U~Y 0(1 u)o plusmnc -cshy

0 - J 8 r- J bull [ -i) 1t l 01 7rJ lt ~o) x en 1WY aAICJV bullJ [OYoltmiddot 0])[ ltJojlamp ~WY amp[Umv =g llaquo 07 J

6-7 Kimiddotchoc r $ reS[OrfJOr which I ~(l1I1 re-e is plHl gtibie SiVC l he rl ilcure o[ lhc docum~n~ il3 ue d b~ the t1~SUI=rgt Har~middots ~Illilj n~ secFit ~ bOJ i i~ middotJI ~hoU iting j)ny [(ltlsons

7 middota p j --6poov There ~ upcrfuolJ o Kir(~nc~middot ritQred Gn1kippo~ ~ the lt r= horl O~ ~e yerr rlie four ~dmin r Sll~ors ~ubbcd th~ ~ tee in que~ t i(n ( ~CJ() 3C 10 he stoIJtio n j oossibi though unc~bin given he iJct tn3[ (ilt cee pr~SI1~c~ rereren ce co ric~middot onti-s to lhe j~t )CI7 of ampc 51 centu ry ac I nd (llffe is romiddotJpound~ pact for the la me of ]j) crc~lon Foilowicg HIrn$ 1 h lS~ dt=me-d ( pruccm rct 1 )(

9-10 Xirc1fl cr resrQruinn or the nomi cf I lrchon G~llJkprgtos (410- Be) h~re is pr obaby middotorJecr bll Hard dou br3 it I I

il- l2 WoodWilid cClvinciogy ciisu(cd Ilt i ~middotchnes lmiddoteStOrec tT7) OlQ ~ A e(flO vro ri~ ] whiie HLltris HII l IeLicSlj haSfa or IC-chnr=ri Ilres urred (e~ tOrr=d I~fa n Itil ilS a lambda (IA)1 2 The JlttC I=l 1l1~ no preOted we bue the tfrJC~S []11l( Hnrris srw ard IJoich lrO Ionilrmed by my ow- re ad inc of Cue squcec suSgest 0 me the ~()Il o wing 1st0JJiion

aT7j7lou Cl(~nogt -(j)v aAAWY xc middot blv -aurnv fit 9[e)ou The outet 19recs JS wcll a group of rourtu n 9moH stalal follows moSt of whicb Clre clltdy stSo=d 0 have oeon commissioned by the Tre~ucC3 of Athr=no lhile o~ers were Il SUI Q by [he Teflsurc~ of rhe O~her Gods

13-1 9 Hll1rJ~ doubts K irchner fC5tOtatiOrls even thaue hmiddotthe Yl~ 1 good l ceIOlin t~e context j trucrun of t] e Ult as weU ~5 ~he rumb(r of misiflg teller lllow ~lS ~o reitOrt J t~unl~ wi [l certainty

[0 0n the clause tc7c E oapMiltoVcY o~ etapf~ 0010 3ee Ie 3 25 1 (42 2421 Be)

~ i Harris Bront StllllUJ (s n i ) 646 12 Woodward Jpud ~oma Bronze Sfa tlJtJ (gt n 1) 639 n it 5 ~ 1deeti hu-d to imnshy

~ne raw ilnd why a (eJe JJQud be inleyed witil ivory

36 EI~h~ i 05l1C(O

~ ost of tho presumiuly ttger tcCjl3 wec pl3ced ocey XaJC t TjO i~(X r dccriptLcn l-J Harris rC ilCCS ir Eil~lls lS lying on tne grolJnJ but v ch is mJfr accurale~y t~nsl(ed 35 on ~e gY~))lld ~idewa) or sbncing on the groundmiddotmiddot Tbs clusc can pwoably be ~ ltlsd to (lle cl nu~c 2V 7Ctweei6l 6p8[c an w may jroagire these insciphans p8rhaps emoicd ml thei r orig inal ba5e and lined up 1gains[ ~ w~ll sidc)JYs or indeed pbced slanting agains t the w ~lUch in the $amc rnnnJ1er mal s)rj in3 large irveoro tics =t(e tocea i Iodem mUseums 14 Conv~sely (he presumtiy sffltler founccn iiiOta oVc-c flQ pjced in tbe sam~ )Jay jldtin from me ber L~ar (hey ue 11en~ ~~~ withQut ~Ily fr reference as to the ITllL1Iler

in Ivhieh (hey were posi~ioned The ID2TeIid n[ In~ l these stelai were mlcie has also been the ) b~ect of scme

dlSCu5icn Harris l

inc-reting the ~ntire inyer~oy as an cr ample of klJnrcsiS

SUS3epoundted tbat chey rJJy have bcn ITIltiOC ofbrcnze5 Regrettably the surviving t-i

docs noL supply JOl iniormJtion On the mflreria of hich the m3joriry of ~he DiJ e~~ listed wcre rn3 c~ As Chtlnicris has oDserved 3uJVlvlng portions o r (he ~ ct pr~ermiddote

ic fr~nccs lo 6 e fae ~~t ~J ill obje~s Wcrc indlt~ rrlce of bro nze T h is wou id lead

(-en iO hc iogical concusian (hal me inycmor lists 1Nivcs thill wei~ mode o fil ViIshy

ncry c f m~tena~ which the offiCials found imoo m-t to diiiueHiftte In this COntCC he in$cipl ions lited at ~he begiunin g of the preserved portion of 10 n2 1498 w~re Ur1ClS( cerralnty milde of i rene raber than bronze) 1S rlJIris suggests 16

Bronze slelai are ~pigraphka11y auested and refe-ences to chern have survived jn me IDce~ lir~r~lre Dut th ey app~l1r [0 hOlVt hee ~leTled for ~pccin oCcasion s The bronze copy of1 rp)~lt cecree diting to 2661265 Be md honor ing P tokmy n Eo his Jjlistancc to Ath-ns curing th e Cbr~onidtln W~r W~ rCDortccly set lD 1)0 the 4Kropoli ncr iQ the T~ple of Atren3 Polias 17 Three DeEn inlenonc) also rcshycocd rh u Z1 bronze dccrc= grlnling proxenia ro king N ikolltieon of Cypr in tre ac~ ounh c~nmry Be WlS lmong t~c holdings of the ~nnc U iry$ Ch[k~~ckc it 11)

haVe been sponsoreo JnC declic(cn ~ the mncrua1 by the nerlore bimstf1S Evicic-c

13 I olm 18SUml ng chat the eTll 0171 denoted l normnj-size rbullicritjol1 while 0-)10001 refcentrred to srnILlJ- sid $teli Or the vricus UCtgt of ciimlrtltivo In inventory liSts sec C Pr~tre Imiracior P mil1iaJlra Etud~ Ce quliqueJ $Uff~S dmu l~ vDcabJlairl dilren d~ la arlJr SCH 12J (1991) 6i3-680

I Por a 1odorn example sec R HLimilton Treasure Map A Ctl fd d fa he Dltan InwllshyfOnel ArI AIbo 1999 182 iHuslt~tJns In 34 ~~k B SeverI Inramplt )elilln inv ercois re S~orcd in the Store -rooms o( the MJlieum of DelfG pJQeed idcwoys on shctve 0 slanting against the Val1

15 Harris Branu Surues (s 1 1) 639 15 CbaniOlis gpLsrapiJi 8uiltrill 1992 (p a 1) 374 Nr 90 Cf IG IX 1498 A tcL

n 6 3-10~ 149813 col 11 i 56 150 1 coL tI I 1] 17 (G rr2 636 ~ l 42~ ~ H B ~ub~n Arstnoc II lC a pofi(qulJ czIGncwmiddotf de

JC-gypte jn 2 van Dac~ VIUl iJltel W JJ] Ouch Clir3g EgYPllUt-d ~h~ HdtcnlJflC World Prnce~dJ (lp ojmiddotth e Jl1feTllallonai COltOqUHI(II UHYtll 24-26 )fay 1982 (SrudiJ HcHenistica 27) LeUVetl 198 3 99-127 C Habichl ~rhcns Cord (16 ~~oiemiIJ CRssiCll Anti~uity li ~1992) 6g90

IG Xl (2) 96 ] 7-a (300-275 3C) IG XI (2) [99 B 1 17 (3 Be G Xl 2) ~9 a 87 (ca 265 B~ C~ Ita (2) 161 3 H ~4 ~ (279 Be Cf ~SQ ID AO~ 3

kc~ middot g C r1 I~- ~ S0 l ~ g~ h L r ~ ~ (~ ( EJ~ ICJtO~ 00 f-vil th- anck1~ literature abo ~orQboracs tb~ pietlr~ that he epgr~p~cJ l ~cord ilshylustrlt Thotkyc~des ~re~lOrS eral (he Athcian ~Le_td n impcna) hunJrcd-yeCT treaty wiUl Argos Mamineo ClIld Elis In 0+20 Be Three ioeHicJ $[lTIe stelai bearing t~~ lrxt of rhc c~~ree Were set up on tn e -kropois of Athfs in the Tcrrple of Apcllc aL Agos ~ nld in ti_e temple of Zcus ~u Mnntineia res ~~ tiltlj A fourth copy of the sltrrt decree in bror zc WlS jointly set up by all contl ~ig r1 ie ( Olyrnpta i 9 Acshyc1tding to AnstorJe mnlaL phebic Jjs rs Wcent(e simi l~y se J ~ is tirc oursic th BOlllemcdon nc~t to the Eponymoi onumem20

Even though certa n ~y is imp0isible) it would tppear thtlt at lClSI rte large- nelai mcntioneci in IG n2 1498- ISOIA belong [0 [he ame class of inscriptions lS the nshyytntory Lsts that have ben publisheci in IG rJ the cVlrwhelling major icy of )lticr was fomd on the NcropOlis) presurlably not (Olr froe ei middotriginal COnlea Additioshynally it moy be p05ls1b to identify several of these llHer xts with gtOl11 of (he lilshysc-ii tons bat arc nentiollM in IG rf2 1498-1501A altho g~l ~enainly j impoSSible bcenllj~ of the decrees frOlgfTelt1ry state and ~eec(ivc rolLt( i It i~ l~rcfCie hard 0 lrd_gin l why lbe two b03Jds of (reasurers of Athena an ~ O ther God waule go to

the sgniIlcnnt cxprns of biishmg both stone Joe bronze ivcnto1ies every yea ltlTJd Sct up toth ~-pies on tt= Akropolis l Borh tot SUrviVI) cplg~Jphic 1 zecord JJld wua( 15 known aboer heir functions suggest~ chm borh boards crngticycd wri ting r the admidstrotion of their lt1ut1C~ espcciall y of the ~J ~ or A~hcr1l1 311d the OchG Gods as well a~ the Stlce of the gods hciJngs in vo tive offcrlIl~s12 The slanting storeS thn were JJaccd on [he gounc~ were probol)ly (hc01~rge itone inventory lists of OS[ yeus llcher than pice Or d~tiyely -11j bronze which rnig tlt bJVI bee) piled up one on t(l9 of tnt c~her on ~he grOuJci and tbe ifocO1[ion proviucd by IG n 198A On hcir date prooJoly rerlec3 their prc~mbles th2t included [he Athttt im 1

~hcn s Parne =rom (Jm to lime he rreaSLlters mlY also h~4Ye i~~ucci ded~ca[ory plaqueS recording extraordinary ex~crses or dcdicalious A iurvlvi ng early suCh bronze ~aolet

ori8in~ly Abou t 175 U in height W8S comm~SiOfled by the TreI$i)[erfl of ptheca it

col it 11 113-1 1d Tmncicn iilB nother bronze decree granulg I(~en ia iO kiflg ~yt~gc ru of Slliamis

19 Thoukyd~~ ~ 4i A (-)gn1Crlt of the Achenio c~py has )eCl discovered cr IG r3 83

10 Aristale AthPoL 53 FOI funh~r re rt =ences to bron2e 5telai see DcmOStberes ~il 3 115 Oej IlQrcno~ Ari~c U3 Plltarch Vitae Dec Oru 834I3 I hampve lot included j

dcsSlon f he gtvidGnQ of hc ROnlan period 21 poundven hough KlrchnerI relCorarion~ e n= conjeexrli it s not mpossibtc ~ha1 be lar

ser Jdai vere inde~d invcntory 1i3ts of eonsecudv8 gtellrs representing the Ltit t~n or fifmiddot teen ear$ of the th cetlIUry Be At any rate h e convincngly ntcrpret=s the ~teie in IG lIz 1498 l1 amp-7 lUI ~ paradosi3 dcxumen(

22 Tbe dut icl of (he treaurers of ~ch~na were more Atcn ivc Por 0verviews of tne fUllctiona of these ~Wo OC3rds ~Ie D HQrrJs The rr~Qures -oj du p(l r~hcfln71 and lht ErccnIMOIi Oxiord 19 95 1-1 9 T Lndcrs Th~ TruI3uren ~r fh~ ()tiur Cods in AlCIIS and j~ jr ruction YielSenhlJi m lTTl GI m 197566-71 Harn il e-n TruHlJft Map (s n 1) U7-276 J Sickingcr o(oiic Rccorcis Qlld ArcJuer j) CioJsicaL l In ens Chspi HJ1 J Lanoo n 1999 39~ l 66-67

amp jlpoundi yt~1 ilt o~~c

8eoo ltC F

recordJ c ptitirg tOg~(hCi of bmrlze )oje-s $0TUC(m I ca jV -shy

nally ~lC fo~ltr -1)yen ~OU mcntO ~ c~ iG U2 1498 m ay llSo have bc~n SITI1 ]ic mv lrics (iut ~ =- prcQa -Jade of the same i11att~ill ( s~one) liS (he inrg~ - Orles

pre~~ di ng (Jcrl 1 - ~~e list

The position of ~1~ Slelai grmt il the C1l T~~ alsO be 5igni11cant 1 our all=rnpt (0 daw CQnc~ ll= Jns $ to - nute -~ ~ of SOcc cf the se If this stele ~v crt i~decd ~ ktrwres3 )f bromc tJ~Ct5 rc- ng de~ lbCfC lou ie be link togic in ~cpJramiddot t~ b the iuscicicns f1~1 the r~$t of ~hc items [hlt were destined for I~H l1ehing poe lind eVen piacing the ~ouFs under se l~middot (e j-ellcrgs This is irclmsi)t~nr wi t what fie know [clm survug inventorit U3t h3e been ~0nvi nc7tg1y lssocd wl the pClCcSS of kaharcris4 hidecd tht 6gtU th ~ t fO Howi e sre(I is micd rtnd includC$ St~ cs 3t ~c~sc J t~ asin f- In o inochoc J C Il2 150GB Ql 1 11 3i-32 Ie 112 150 A col If ( l l) Tll ~cco cHi group tarts under ~ht he~ldiag [middotmiddot-]ct Kat lC~ r~ Cl -crov t(l)J ~ [JV ~~ geoJ] Kirchner rctoreci (- ci o ~vae rHmiddotl tl lCi in the fU~~ acul1lJ yhich ~ lQopound w(h [lis ocher oo-jecttes wcu ld bri ng 1 2middot tmiddot ull unlikely

leng-cb of J2 Icttef3

[00 itvceuroii ~~) [~ja KElt+J c v w- v Uis [Seomiddot 1(1] lt ] r J [[ ~ Lnva ~(pound tt t tlj _optatfpa~ ou u ~i1p(Jlt 0 (j --)

Tndng no te of diis problon Harris proposed ihc fcl lolt1ling versjou middotr~ 3d on her

owe s~udy of the inscpuon

ttc5 umiddotci i~~amiddott1 o KO~ (~ l l1i1Jta ~V Ta~lamp)v rlt [6 ea-] [Il 1 4 J I iis I [ plusmn11 J POS OJ ~3 ]

SCI r~~(Ored lao middot cly0PCttjc W3S b~~d on ~e aSSj ~tioL thm the -)a~ojhJ of the objects thnt fo llow wllre larger-~i l~c St3ruc~25 1( my Qpinic n [~~ 5tOltc of prc~er middot vsil of rhe leone unde- di ~c middotlssion ~~$3ing DOamp irs onds m1kes the reStorlt ol1 Of the ext in many rcS pec f~ an I)trrse in speulatiol Por this eason tbe reM of K~c1-nerls conjeccures in this me tht fallew1ng lines at pos3ibla but by no metllS crtlli n Depending ren on when we v is to ercl 23 severl1rstormiOlls Ire pos~ibk ilnd even though j Cloner pretend to hoid h~ soiuticn to chis probln l the c14luse (6Seuro XpftjlcttJa XCII ELu)Alaj (posscs9 ions and heulooms) seemS plefcrob1c to me seeing that X )orOr thltlt W~e under the are o f the (Wo boaros 1)[ rrcasur~rs tire somcshyeir1es refcr=~u 10 in inscriptions s xp~~aCl of the ~ods26

~ to r3 5l0 C A Raubitschek L H Jofferey D~aicCIloHS rom A thenianlit(

Akropali$ i CJ(alag~ of rh fllICriptUJrlJ oj lill Sixlh and FijI C~n~I1 i fJ Be (SIA 7) Chie~o 1999 j2 Sickinger Public Recorru (s n 22) 40 Hanij TrcaJUrcs (s rl 22) 14 both tj f whom Jiot earlic bibliog raOny

For -a revie of ltu ~llstiCg ~vldence see below ~~ The c laus cx(6AI(lra lt1)1 - e~~~a 3pp~S in Phi l) vt 5 8 26 middotXp ~I-l-Qr a is a)30 m cd tc descbc votiVe 10 a pJradoi$ ot I h~ -relllurers of Auc~a

heed ~o th e ~d I)r the ~ll Celrury Be C- IG 112 149281 98-99 Th~ cJl uoe ~F+ lJCa C1l t4)If~a s l(sa ~ouno in hHo ~gat 132 1ll91ch Porno 323 tlno K-Jmkes Vita Sanct yp 526 bull

RciiSea T ~ iG 1 F e-5C n KQtiu jr~(J ~t Li U UUImiddotI(1 3t

Tile interpretation of tc est of the text is equally prnnleri~tic I and onCe mol KircrJne-s resiorcnLo n i~ hlghy conje tura It 90int~ It lisb an tL1alown ns ytt fjU(lshybe of objects chat are described lo Some detail there are ltli1 odd h1stal bas il and cincshyc~oG but also rnce tho t1 -rry fJTeSumed Sl(UC$ of beNded ud beldles$ n~e)li youths ~d ch ildrcr several of which W~re holdin g obj GcS or lnroures th~t ltIe oftfn riSSlilg28 Detail of thei r nppeJrltlI1Ce seem 0 be el icd mestly hough not ~ClUS 1 middot vely- [0 their S[iI~ of tornpkteness or dirreptllr U-~c Horis 1 rio nOt get th~ imshypression that [he inventory under cliscsion jists bcJcy p2Tr and ltu~s th1t ire so ~rdn that they Were lying on the growlc like pivs of corpses A c umber or cbern stood (In il bse Nor i ~ abSo[llr~ly certnin tha lt1 were Iecc~ sarilr ltlrge bronze figushynS That were mUlllfacCr~ con~iden~~middot carUer than the dclf of the dccre~ aoe Were f$lJshyliilg apm29 What 13 ceTJi t is Ulilt if these dedic1tOili we-e set up in rte 5amplCt1rj

of Atbcnt they were prob~bly oocuced ar~e 480 Be pcsf(late tht Pers i(1l middotjetTIic ri71 cf Athens and could therefort be 150 yaars old at most We knClw of older SlatueS thu SLccc$Siull) braved tim~ and the e1eems aod wct Jever rerlovcd from the Lr original pmiticn in snncruari~s30 The Janglage of he tex t does ec middot~middotays 1How lgt to drlw cOl-luslons as to ihe rypes iconoyapnYI and reaning of L-e G fil~ntions in llMtion but l e~oscr ltlJlaiysis c()mpllrison wHh si l1 il~r surviving documentS as well lS Ih~ t ishyS(OIica~ setting may lead us to reconstruct the lvider picture in general ten1S

The first quest ion rhat h ll~ to be ~ddre$o then 15 whar soct of fig1Jte5 are listed Stnivi rg de~criptions c~n b~ a guide to SOme exrelt we may be fajd y ce rrun bowele r that thf term 6v5~l(l lt describes a scotue of siigltly unic- to Qvr-liie si=c nats SeeS ~h e term ~ an Olddiional i conogJ~phic l1lrktr staling (hal ii Can fO~ efcr to ce iticfmiddot and cJ1l there~o r c only be lscd 1[ec~ a1gcltlbly with the tefl1 amp(J AlCt wlen ch~ subject 5 ~umJr3 gt ~ maner of h cc Ovo ptCro i~ ltI we11-ltlHeted tcrm referrj g

to ~ny WltuC numO n or divi nc~2 Similarly its d~ziv nt ve avOlov-O-r01olt Sign ifkd

17 The CU-JJCl o e lc i~t i ons in Gck ore obYlou~ ly clBf)le~ y i J ind (( o~df 6)~Y e olt re5pcccivcly r~thcT thnn ampVOP lCrlt poundvpound~o lOC C i3 P l~~ aY ~I E~ Q in i1u-ri~shyCin 9roefi StllflllfJ (~ n q 36

2g $ee for nlmplemiddot ~G 11- 1493B 1 73 a~rtls ~~th1lc~ 01 le1st 75 middott1mes bL( fhe~c re ssndalcd With IG n2 140S lone ComoinGd rcference~ from the cnie stele Jcfcr tu nJrW mOte thnn that Cf HIrri-C linc Broktn SlarU~J (3 n 1) 136

29 HtTlsCline Brok~ SIMiles (5 n 1) 135-137 30 hc~e inclUde flrou workl of llr[ hnf were pzH~Ved in (heir origin l setting fo

centUCles to ch~ end of Jnciquity 31 Hllrcis-Cline Broken SWIIJll-S (s n 1) 136 C~ ~tso Prelre lmifotiol ~1 mJl lafur~ (

n 13d 6i4 3 EXnmplelt nre 100 nuO)eroo ~ to i tgt hot r wiil cnly cite ci onaJt oi deitj~~ inol are

known from JUthOl aT the ArchAic and Clouic11 period Pindlr P yrh 540 (I ovden 3tatue of Apollo) Herodoc03 ~a3 (go ld (3n sta tuo of ZeU ) 0118 (s ildei im(qc o f Apollo ) Atj~ro~hrneg Pox lIS (9rnrue of Pandian) PlaIa ~uthyd 199c (sUltue ot Apollo H

Delphi) nnd Ari~atle- (statue of Apollo ~nd HeJida~) An Q Spvx~ of Apollo Alcx~kos is 4180 ~OltrtlphicnJly Iltb8ttd olt the umcmary or ApflJlo Lairtanos Ct T aiui C S irlshyaic H Yildiz DlJdjrh~ c laquo(ttaypatpa ltLcl SlJrllllIri o rlgio 01 Apolio la irb~fto$ EA 32 (2000) t-ii L The term alo ouivmiddotnov or 6vo PUXVtOLOV ~ ill) found n Jilyentory list1 from DeloO In connecaon with i gurlnes representlng cemes ct v 396 3 31 one of lIe mnny ~Iferenees to II ded iCJ110D by Kleino ouShtlI of Admetos )[ two tiwinea tepre ennng poJlo Dd nTCl~ ID 1 4~ bull on col iI l ~ (fig one () ielmiddot~ldSJ fD i4~ 3

40 -~ ()~ rr IOLJ

(11 = C(IilCOr of ~ny YL1tl of C Lc ru c The middot8C~t --j tneon o ni 5uggttg ~i~[ the xork) lised ir his CZlSe ()~~c -atier -emiddott r 0 t~c type liid $i~ of flC1- w~tl n O tllnht ind io

cations as ~o the scbjt (lllr was represcJcd Dderidning th size o f lh6 r~t of the figlJe~ js unforuMt~ly nl) t 9amp scrligrfo=-middot

wu-d To Ieg in wid the invenory unde clscJssicr IicsIt least four pJlladia which according to our SOICes could only have oe t~ l ipturts of smaJJ [0 rrest size Of CO tl~c the ~crm itsii j$ a dil1i nlj ( iv~ bur we ltl~ 0 know [om at least ill the SUI ceomiddot tHj Be a Pihdion ws deitnitely considered t) OC a mlU scultlJre j his ~amous deFct ctl of the RJpe cr Kds3andrl Polygnoto~ ~din[ed his heroine selted on cb groutld holding the Palladion of Troy Elsewhere Apol1odoms ~ets the P illJadons heighl at three cubilS (-O t-71(U) -r~i~e [he Silida dcscri~es it as a wooden lurioe (~cb81OV ~lPOIJ UAiVOIJ)3

Th C jmpress~on 1l( [ht a~senb a3e in IG n2 1498- 1501A compdses figllres of uU t-izeoq is further 1Icrnnllltcd by chz-r size markers There is a bronze SCilpa re (to 112 )498B 1 66 bull t oedice doscribtd as ~qie-n~ (large) pern because il - Wl= plo ~ e d ot~ -2Sur- aty IaIer SculJres nome figure ptrhpoundp5 J Po lldicn (IG nz 149~3 ll ~C-6 is desetibeci as b~mrg a 1r~l LlelJner ( xpCVO ~ov ~ En)l Studi~ of lle igl~~p of inventoies SIl3Zc that COOlenclacure JSU 3liy associated wlh 8i2e is () ft~ l1cigllous while the te~ fer an cbiect ry interchan geable wirh itS aimirllttl ve forrrrJ4 7llt r~~es lre rLlmcrous but sufflce it [0 ~31 L~aL as ltl rule oj Illume reccrdcd weigs ltlIe Qfte1 c )es ( fLictC[S rcr sie di)~min~tion of objcc t35 O~ CQli)e the se c (il~inutve Com sJ be -elevaot to si2e lt1$ wdl and would hccfne sug6~St r ~culp tuces [h~c are rfcre~ to in the in5cipt iC1 Jnder conldenshy

tion as tci~ we7C prt ~abl ~ brae ~t- the cnes haclr~ idcldt1ea ~ s ~aOlOKGS wh i c~ may hiJVC tee) (iguriresJ6

TIle dC$ ~iprion of the condition of the ecorded culpture~ proviJe an nddi[t~na~ SIZe ~ark=f There is Utt- doubt ~hD1 il large numocr of lltiC wee daotged L one way or rnoc rer whitt others were in 5ood cOlditior the t~nn used in this GiSt ocing

1 44 (a (JgtU 71e of -grhc T~c~e) HesYlh loJ (sI) 3~l tcS Ih~u UYO~l it~ wrlj usee L t~ thilngrubiy with CiycAulaquo Cf illsO E Kom~e(JtOJ Zoiciia in tilt Dclian in ll mlor Lss MneTlosyne ~i (~Q04) rfonhcorrJ~gj

33 C PBusalliQj Q38j 1026J SuidA SV ApoHodoros 312 3 Tztr2 s ScolcJd Lyc J5 1lt0000 apud Phouu~ 18634 (FGcl-bt 16 F 1) 00 Pilll~da and xoalla see - A Donohue Xaana and Ihe Or tgtns oj Gre~k Sculp ture A Ullnu 19B5 15 119 1 13 Can~ nelly NCrtanw l)a mQ[r in Ane Var~ pOiNing AJ~ find 1auandra al (he i r ojan PoJIa alOf1 in F J Holliday (Eng) lIarralfv~ ellci poundysn in AncenJ Arr Cnnbridge M~s 1993 S8- t29 middotM Morec lA pMrres gra)tls ltJntiqlJt reprbenJ(lnr Ie rapr du PaJJadion Mainz am ~hejt1 1997

4 P~4r imtrorian el minimure (s n (3) 67d 35 Seq for eX4Cple l votive sjver gilt eilgl trom Delos hich weignelt1 40 dr (ca 173

gr) 1)0 ~ould ilIerefcre have only bten 3 figllrioe

36 ~ hr diocUSSion of the inlerpret3tion o ~ t1gurel dCIcibed 3 tatS and --cu 010Ko~ farris contradicts nerself In ~be ler s he S~I es ~hllt Of che 25 ststlleamp li sted ~hree u-e chJ1dren ()tctf~ ) Jnd (WO ale maIJ ehilcinn (il cnoil1kolt) She rhen refers to ~OOCDO(C 7 ~v~cw gtbe S[l les hat The diffeiente be~vecn a pa i m d do lllaisKo1 may have been tle sIZe athe H1CJC ~~hcr [han the reJlhYG agc ofhe flglIe Cf namscl(nt Broken Starues (so i) 136

Reiimiddot tC n~ ig~-iSDJ KmnaicciJ r Eb(lMmos7 4

U1ns whkb is frequently eOC()Ull t~ret i1 in entoncs in rre negHed f-n O1JX (ry1i) ~ rdererce ~o dIDtlgec1 vorlves371 closer srudy of rbe damapound~ Jarts is rcvealJng mere are f~= lhut once hold oejects possibly also ttribo tos and offrings middoteperding cr their size these could have ~t=n pIeces th[ were soldered and jcillled to hcir respec tive ~era(ltlte l yc 4l rt stnrue that could Vilry in size Of nave forll e part of 0

sing iemiddotcast f1gurinc38 Protruding gtieces su ch CL~ feet arms objectS [hey ctIlti end heads were equally vulnerabie in both ClLogt ~ it Wa ltoy for [herr to be simply brokcn Qff even III me case of f1 glrines39 Evcn more likely ~ ~ the loss of locse ofmiddot fe ri ngs th1t scupoundures may have once hed we h~ar oi coi n ~ that We bull utuched wid

WJX on the bands of figurlnesO Missing imbs arc ilio good disdJTTjnators uf s ize seeral of me ftg ure5 lilted in

the decree must have been or the smat ~ Hie as it is htrd to Imagire boYl largt $t~t1J CS th~t prc~umably stood on pedes(als o utBid~ cOJJd loose emire li(ob especiely thcir legs or any llrge piece -0- thJt Olltlrtel Ar ~y rlU~ dcscriptions cf their ondition may also assist in solving the riddle of the figurcJ pcril5 in the sancruary of Aihcn J TJ~ king note of inforrration in the nvenlcIes of the Akropolil 3nc the lite1lfY ~ou rces Thompson made a conVlncing case for theft iii the second gU(lI[et of the four~h cen shy~ury while descriptions of the damaged HIltUCS in IG rr2 1498 W~ ~onsi$tcnt 9ccoJshyding to th~ ~me se hollllr w ith the YJnd of objects tb it interested rabbeTS ~ccng hat temple robbery was perilous the criLne serious lnd plLTlishment swif~ end strict robshybers srnply renoved small ite ms and cut off Uly ecelt~ iti es l~y could including rnge-s jew~llery or the ~dse5 of ~be winge of NLG1 statues and cr 3ilrTlcnt) Ilvcnto shyies thar me1tlon the GoJdcn Nikai of the Akropoiis r~pcrt a subsnmrinl los of weight ard jnciiclte repairs that res[ored Ihese specjfic Orell 1 Figurine co i j aso loose limbs as is ob vious from Delian bveHories a dlrlZampcd gold figurine rois oSing an (um Jod l leg wns ke~t tt the Atcmisiogtl at le ast frorr 279 tl) 241 BC42 The eyes ot bronze stlUles were ll~o vulnerabie b~ing etber deiicle 0 eOGY pregt for tteir precious

~atcrialsl3 Determining the originnl location of h~ St figu res presents us with l ch1l1~ns~ middot

Hnrris md Mattuscn believe that these V~re dedications that were set u~ on Ihe Alaomiddot

37 For one OUf of numerous examples set IG il2 110 1 ~J Th~ tirm uyllt is uled in his cue l1I 1iynonym to )CateQt~i (cf lG Ul i 41~ L 20) l(ot l~eaI=I~ivos (ct IG 112 ID 1442 S I 64) 1tJlov1lm~ (c( 10 442 B 1 2 1 ) an d aclCVOS (cf to 161 C I 4S)

3a For ~ d~criptjon of teeh rti~ ll e5 ~el Mmusch CaJ1cat Bron-JJ1 ~ 1 11 S) S-t8 39 For ullmvles seo rr~hlic bronze s ~acuettes in Mntwen Cla1sicai DrorttIJ (~ 7)

U-2J fig 15 6 ~ See Qt exlm()le 1 sUv~ figlrue ~om the DcEOln Artcmisiol1 on WhC3C hlllld two tmiddot

~ic dracl1ms ere DttDcncd C ID 104 1 95 It weIghed 3 ltit or CJ ~oa gr lt- 1 For robber ~ctivity on he k-opolis ee ArWophllfiCS VC39 v 144-j449 Llcian

Timon 53 ~cmo~thm~ 4121 19 (on tbcit5 of reli c rom he P~ iUD w-) Thornmiddot ~o n Thd Gold~n vikai (s I 3) ~03-205 R Pork~ Mtruma oiiulion and tlficarton in EArly Grctk RcligtoN Oxford 1983 17t E KosneuIQU Taboo ObjfCr in At~c Irvenlo iJU Glatt 80 (2004) [forthcoming) 4 CLIG Xl m 161 S 11 60-61 (2791l C)

43 Seling that teeth were somctimeJ mac of ~ilv er ~hy 00 silould e considereo e~middot clily vuJnernoe Q ~bbery Cf Mauu9ch CIurlcaJ BIO~BS (3 0 ) 4-5 (cspICJnJly n 26) nd ~6 Which ist mportSnt lcvanr bibliograpby

42 [~Jbcln IltOl1 l r~Iu

polis In rry opinior w e may slfey conclHk this ior the rc orce d tltlat esc~iaJI h~ larger ones thu Wc~e prcslmbly itHlde of stone and weich Were s t Il ir the op~ air Th~ ~ )catlon of he e~H of the VO(jvc~ is not eOsy to determine however Of COJ~~ 3 setng In the sanctHl1ry for l group of objects slIch as (be one mentioned in IG 112 498-L501A WilS not impossible itncl rhere alt 5rJJes for h Four Inyemori~s ofrlje Dclim GynuHl~ll)nd4 ltlll dared in the rric~150s BeUsc bronze sta tJes of varying s-izes including figlrin~s (A1tOAAQ)I Lcn~o ~ roOla~ov cXloptavLolOV rot o~omiddotvv ampVOPlQV-OlOmiddot tV1CtGitiGCiJwl)~5 Some of the vocivcs rhZt WCt set IOp in [he PC-isIQion iU~ dcscribed as i fect condition ( tiA2IQY ~Vuv) whjje Qh~-s wert damaged (vOPlCL ooOc onc EXo-ao lCd ov -CpoXTlOV 3~oae~p(OJ-LEVOv46) The ony difticulIY in nLceptmg thb r-osi bi ry unresenedly however liei in tile (ocabula] used in illIoducing th is Delin group of objects rb~ir locarion is mertioncd ac US

b~cn venfled b~ ccwaoon while the Arheni3n rni(elmiddot~lJ under cliJcll)sioD is deHribtd in associaGon wLb tlcr ketpers

The varicas s C~ J[Urto that lre menticned in IG U 149S-150A are also C(JIlshysisteJt Vith itcJs ~()mplc[e or cJT1aged47 bull taac were hou3ed in temple trel1uries Evidence from inY~Qloriti iUgge~s chac figlrillCS were certainly cncounterd LI1 tcmlt$ but hUgec stJtues incacing OVOp lcentVCC wce by no lt1C5n~ stTaIlgers to

these depo(~ Ap3c from AU-~TUl s cult statu we know of Q gilt korc thQr was set up an btlse ~ the Pnhenon simililI to ~tJrues 1rzluoncc in tbe dec-cc unde- srudy (1G n2 1498B 1 55 1499 11 )4B n()[iler IeDre tbot was eibor mgtde of gold or rreely gilded w~s also iCI (J O a base in (he HekatoIncdoD while we helttr ruso of n chrysltlenantiTte Piincion49 Finlllly ll statue thi[ i ltl~cribtd in much the )ome wJy (IS (be cuiptures f IG rr2 1198-150 A was hou~cj In the Erechtheion W hent hnt it held an object in its right hand nbout whk ve krow nothing txcause of the fragshyItCtary stare o f the toc t and ~ brofllc box on its left50

At the cunclt sti1tc of ~hc evide1ce we m1Iy tberefore n o t exclude ch~ possibUiry mac the voties under discussion may have ilmply been hOLsed in tempJes undtr (be cue of he TreasJrers of Athera lS $ the Cll-Se io other L1VcntOrles fheir dedicanrs nIe socrimC~ acknowleJged ielJmltLbly o n tbe blSl~ or tags tha t were attnched to the objects -ither hun decicaUJry inscriptions that lJJould oe usually inscribed on their bllSe-S i LJs bUt not ]eust tbe vocablllarj of tbe decree is of pampampnicuiar intetest obmiddot

lD 1411 C II 13- 14 10 1417 A 1 i 3-14 1D 142 lla IT ll 1-8 ill 14~ O J 11 ~3-5 1 See Jlso I-C Moreni L~3 nv~1u~ jres w symnau d~ Dtlos 3CH 2 l (l99i ) 125-152

45 Po r11e-aoon long Sl lrue~ t e hnd J beign of -~ Ild n 6 iD 41 i A 140 47 Ct demllsed items il the Delilln Samothrnkion 1D 1-17 1 col 111 -0 ( l5lL54

Be) 18 The ~or~ gtCCll in severnl nc~i9tOIlS ilduding IG 13 ~51 1 l L Cf ntris

ir~asllres (s n 2) 99 LVo 19 PheidilS hryselephantine 5ltllc is menuontd in (012 14071 -6 Se~ Jlso lG 13

~r l 5 fot he goid or gjjt (o rd Ilnd [G nz ~88 II 67-09 (or h PnlllldioR) C Karshyns rreaJ1Jr~s IS 11 2) iO- 131 34 V39i V90 V97

50 IG il i I-56 ~A n 3d-35 c~ Cinrris Trta~un (5 n 22) 210 1 122 5 [ M ~ od fwfl-WbCJ n Orlek imcriprions 3SA 9 (1 954) -~

43 ~~I~ ~he ~ tZ ~ l9 ~middot ltn) KltIl hOirs Qf E~~(I(J~lIos1

jcetS are d~cb ed as Xr~I-1itC ltl term thOle is usually associued wiLh precious e ve1 cberishec neirloorrs uflually sr1a11e in size nd kept in n sccudcd 5OL It is freshy

qu~ntty erOlneItd ill ancicrt w~on insc~ipti003 and p1pyri from the ag~ of Homer to the end or antitJity52

In sceking to =zterprel the dec~ lInder discutJioo Me1tIJ8ch ~ocecty ob~c-cd that there is no reason to suppose t ar pfdestals WOIJc be present ltlnd rcorded in JAioc1 11shytioc with staues thn were being reveied for the furnace53 Nor would ampert be any reason for recording dlDUges ic such yeJt detwl if this were u rarJuriresis decree J lS the snme scholar has 1l 0 ccnvincngly )JSlcd Docuroents bdongjng to tbis class have su- middoted from zntiquiry lJld C2n be dividec ioro two [(Olps First there ArC inscripGonl [1 repor~ decisions m melt down small preciou object) tha t JTe i o cxcel1enl

condition jn orde to make new vot ive s This is he Caie in IO liZ 239 middotaod 840 with

which s number of srnall LeDefs ore sllcrificed for the prOdUC1Or or ilvc ve~sels n honor of Heros 13tros5~ rnre~s tin~ly rhe objcts ~re ilSd Inder a heJding th~~ slecWcliy rcftned to the procss of k athaireris ~a ~~CpoundeO lPeuroe fv-c eL to avuB-ruo (I taot JIeurotCtxa-oeOKEuuO9T)55 The second group comprj~e9 decrees tb3[ reeotd the ktuiuliresis of dlmagec objeers for th~ production of n~w vorhc m03C nC[abty pans of ID 442 B (11 113-1 25) nd ill 1442 B (Il 6-72)50 Wrilc informion 0 0

dediclots lnd often Jso weights is gi Vfn no detJils of th4 CTuru C8JTI1lgc u-c ever foni-ed os they were probubly u~erlluous

On the other hand temple tretjures ~e known L~rollSh th e inventories to htlmiddotc ~oused dllrl~gcd yotiv es fc-r a long tiroe Xuthtnmiddotreseis can b~ om~times deduced whel cWl3sed vOc1ves disappenr from inveDto ri~s n coming y~lI$ md it IS possibk tl~ilC poundlj

serbl ges of ~x yotos rhut were to end tp in tbe furnace som time m te furure Were

ctat~d LOm tlm~ to time My own study of the Ddinn nVCicory Lists stl~ejt chac the sancrunl~fl Cholkotheke housed mainly JlODZt tcmi for destruction in the near fushytUre while the - remision becmlt the depot o f damaged silver vessels that Were ergsshyita in Veighing ors 5i On the oLher band objects (h ill were poblb~y 1aeutii-d n~ reliQ Icentmnined at the sanctuary howeve damaged they were lS i s obvious in he ClSC

Sl Euunples are co numetOu3 to IiH Cf HODleT 11 Q47 9 JO~ 132 Hcrodotcs 3w 1 Pli lo lllrlL Si l SLnlOO l23 31 15321 PJu~rch Pomp 12 g Apopillh 9 8C JOlepbus AJ 144 10 EI 1153 Achenaio~ ll6 P ChQ1QeulI [ rIJCriplwlIt J Ar~os BCH 09 (1 985) 357-375 SIlC 3 767 (IOie 41h c Be Oy 16 1832 gt Th ferm rctilned ics meaning in the Enry Christiamp1tl period ill we C PPrag 21 7 8 ChretW lck 3S(

~gt Mat1u~ch Classical BrontJ (s n 7) 101-102 5AThe rgmelttlIj IG Il2 841 roolbly ruso ~eton~ed ~o that cwgory C S Ale3hire

Thl Alhtnian l1klepi~ion The eop14 heir DcdLcalions Qjld rnr nl(mori~ Amtc-darn i989 104- iO ~

j 10 il2 339 1 S4-l5 O 112 8401 38 ~6 For -efeenc~ to older whatreuis that nee ofhcrWl$c DO lHeated see IG XI ~) 16 )

364 10 XI () 03 E I 9 7 Solt or exnrnple 10 Xl (2) 161 iI II 120- 29 C 1 - 08 (Che ultothe~e) rod iD

99 3 1 144- 154 (from Mfemion)

~

- t~iZlblh KomrlI(l1J

pol is In my opinion we Illay safely concJ~ S or the c~corced ~U ial ~scciaH the iargrr ones chat Nce preSI2-~ l ~ ) made of gttonc ltl1d wilich were set u mhe open air The locacion of the r~lt of the va[ivc~ is not easy W dB~ermine however Of COlrs~1 seUng in the sanctlat-y for i~ group of objects such as [he ones mentioned in LG 1l~ 1498- l501A W ilS nO[ imi=c i~le nnd thCTe are par2lle9 for it Four inventories of [he Delim GyrrulJicnJt all da~ in the rnid~150s BC list bonze SHltles of varying

sizes including g1rins CAiOAACOVLOKOV k tOOCltOY ovoplaviolOV WC O~OUV t optQ I tiOLOv CSytCtOltie(t~wv ) 4S SOllC of he yotivcs chat were set tp at the pc-is[Qivn are described Us in perfect coodition (-t i MIOV tv-ufiv) while orhen wer~ da[iJ[gtd (uopia cut OUK 8)ouaa ltC oV-cpampX1)~OV o~a~lpp UJ)Jevov46) The on) cf~Jculty t lt1ce~ irg thi~ possibility Urueserecly however lies in the Yocabuia) used in introd ing this Deliau group oi abjets chili locltion is mentioned and has been verified by CAcWiltion wbi e the Athenian mMtelll under d isell5Sioo is de~cribed in 2s s0ciilJon Iv-ill their xetpers

The VZtlcas sClllprures that lr~ rneotioed in IG U2 149~-1501A lIe ~o eOI1 shy

si~te1t V~h ltCrIS complete or dlr1Uge(i47) toot were housect in temple treamrits EvidrlcC rm inmiddottntaries luggests thac figurilles w~re certainly cncounl er~d i templcent but li1ger starues including ovopt6v~c Wcre by no leans strangers to these depOl~ Aplrt from llthena i cult stamt we know of l gil~ Korc that wC) set Jp on ~ b~se ~ lhe Parthenon similar to ~rJrjes mC-lrioncc in thc decree unde srudy (lG TIl 1498B J 55 1499 1 11)48 igtnorhcr kore tha W3S _l her IM of gold or me1y gilded WOlS also lei 00 a bllsc in the HckntompedaD while we hear ruso of n chry~elephiline P3illdion4~ Finnlly a Stalue ~at dCIcribtd in nlJc~ the iame wy as tbe ~Ct1ltLLrcs at 10 nl 149S-ISOlA was lloucd in the EnIhrneion We neIl that it held In abjec~ in its dgbt ~~d nbout wbich we know noming because of the fragshymC1tary stZlte of the t~ttt and 1 bronze box on its left50

At (hI current s~~J[c of the evide1ce IJlte may therefore not cxcJuue the possibility mat the votivepound under discussion may have imly been ho~cd In (~mjes under tbe cate of ~hC Treasurers of Ath~ra lS is the cruc in oher iJlvcn(ories Their dMicllDG nrc somcrlmes 3ckowledgcd gtIcsum~bly on the baSIS af lags that we-e attlcbed co the obieC l ~ -Itflcr rhlln d~Gica[oIJ inscriptiafii that would oe usually i nsc-i~ed on lhecf bl~~~1 LJst bUt not e~L [be vocab~llary of ~he d~cee is cf purtieulltU imere~t obshy

44 ID 1411 (1 II 13-14 ID f do17 A It 11 ~-154 1D L42 Ea U U 1-8i ID 1426 a 1 n 43-51 See also J~C Moretti Le~ in v~lHairu du SymflQU ad DeIOJ 3CJ 12 (1 99) 125-15

45 lt five-span tong staructle hadl beigh ofa j 4 n roe iiJ 1411 A 140 41 cr demllseO i~ems In ~be Delilln Smothrakion~ D 117 A col 1 11 5-6 (t5l4

BC) -8 The k()r~ QCcurs in sevcroJ insc~iptions inciudlng IG J3 351 t ll C Harris

Trt(ltllrS9 (s n 2) 39 tVo 49 Pheidl~ hryseJegthantlno St4tUC IS mUluontd n CO I 407 ll 5-6 See liso 10 13

317l 5 (for the 30id Clr gili Kare) ~nd IO n2 1388 II 6709 (for the PnltnC1ion) C Marshyris rrea1IJres is r 2) lO-il 134 V89 V90 V 97

~O IG J ~ 1456 oA ll 4-35 C~ Homs TrtorurfJ IS r 22) 10 V~2 51 )-1-1 oci LiUemiddotAbeIJ n Gr~ek inJcnptfcfts 3SA ~9 119i4) gt

t pound7oclth K()ltte-1cc)

o f t1 e figUlJr~ of ~tn c~gk th1~ hi dc~cribcd JS 2ncicrr in the inventories of the Dtliln S8Arcemision

Deopite the (oo ve oonideralions the purpce of IG U2 1498- 150 1 A emains elu SiVe Its assocuicn witb tbe jJcli~iries of Lykourgos on the Akropolis ZlJ1d his ~C)Tgamiddot llzation of the sanctuaries of Alt1c~ is a sate concluslon but furhcr Links with plans to md t down the objeots listed cannOt be estllolished with ce1ninty I would also hesimiddot lit le before placing th is de c r e~ in th~ con~eXl of is contel~Ortr p(e~urncd ideas on mim~Jis whic~ i a very cornp iCacfI qtlescion that bas occupied ancient philosophers end hi storians ns well Ui node-n scholarship =or a loog ii71c and to which nQ short trticie can dCljustice5 9 Neverlr~elesssetjng Greek art tlS one enilYis d il ngcous ~nd our bts~ approach to it shculd be through he sruciy of [be dcveloprmm of dcas em ltlIt in amiqoity One would also hope bat we bave now abamplDdo~cci earlicentr Omantlc 19th

Cellury notions which yirwed the Greeks as ideal crea~res more jnkrested in beouty and pbilosDpnictll Jiscou~se and less conct~ed about P(lc tical mettt=s such as puning food on tht table and bUlliCirg the tgtudel TcupJes and sc ulprurcs could sometimes be left ~nfuUshed al wor~ rODbed wtJle heir piety notwithstanding the Greeks ilid not hesitare to ben-oVl from tbcir gods and eY~r tIick [hem intO dining with dlt morshytals sacrifice lei-Qvers I t IS in my opi ruol1 Ilniike [hat ch~ ancients Were eJSily monillcd jl[ 6c sighc of rhe sligJtest damage on b~jr statues including removed or o~hewise dOm8ged inlaid centyes that couk be easily repnired wiLhou t Itnving much of ~ [raCe It is ruso doubtful thM ~hilttcred iliusiClQs imm~dilttly prnn g 0 mind lt the sight of oOR tignifrCallt des truc tion a (here is undeniable evidenc~ rha( even mOre s eriou~ repairs cook piace60

In conchsion h~n lhe following inmne(atiol if offered for IG IIi 149amp-1501 the decee llsts cbjec~s or VltltJElg she which Were presumabiy 1ade ot tiiffcreH mcte~ rials A numb~ c[ lrtge and smallt d~5 in $tora andor in bronze ~ere follow~ by lt3tueS figucincs md l~erDaps ochei objects mat Illi1Y hOlV O bee mnce of brooze and wbiGn were under (he Care of ih ~ Treasurers of Athenil Some of these were in good condition but rhcir ~jodt) middotNOIS probably nor A possib ie explanation for the Or1shymissioning of the decree mny have been an ikJerasm oJ thac IjJ tl3 JSsocined with Lyshykourgos cODaol s over lhe snctuary of AthennJrd ts holdings no which was arriea

S8 10 101 1 lB ( remained til the sanctulJ from lit ieast 367 to arrer 145 Be ilnd is oftcn desGlUeo II uto~ Op-rupO)C cwv oOXctCOy 8~~1culliwlt The posslbility thnr tbis ie 9 elic is ~lSed on it proximity 10 OlMr pnIuued ~clics For morc on teliC$ in tnvenrory Uts sec 2 iolimeUtOu middotPerUllf Objects tTl C1QJJicai md Earl HeiiJJnislic nvIJnfory Lim Juscum Holverlcu 61 (2004) 17-148

5 ~ Cf Hams-Cline Brok c SklriLLi (~ 1 t) l8-i41 F-lr a (eCOnl overvi~w on prcient disco1rse on mlmtJU in lrt lOd a summary of I-Je bioliogruphy see E Kosme(ltou V sion and Visibiliry An Hllforical ThiQIj Paims a Porrrrm of New Jwderslnp in Posidipplu AnshydmiddotrtJl mopo iiJJl in S costa-Hu ~bc1 c Ko~me[Dtu M Baumbach (Hr9S ) LADorid [n JpYTlJS L~ClJis PU$pecriver OJ( all EpIgram CtJlleclion n(lrioUlea 0 Posjdiopus Clmshybridge 1113s 2004 87-211 1 obVlousiy do rot )gim (hat my oWn mic1e hru ~ici de very cOInlHcated iumiddotuc of mimesu n ancient G~=k art and hilLoriCll discou$e

10 vf~ rtusch Cassicoi Brontes (s 1 7) 93 iO~ i 07 117-118 205-209

45 R ~lH(middot rr IG (2 ~~middot l jO l I K(J(haiftrI~ ei Ekej mv~

alii in aCcordance to (J-c neW law ~cll Tii~ ESi--6C5poundGlS lh ilt WflS patscd a[ L~e tOleOI

Srart decrees may ~ve een moved [0 different locatiols ocnce their re~ortcd CM po~ s middot~ig while bone objccti5 may have been aampl~lbled ~n orde- to de(ennine ro what extent t1cy hld b llcl yictirohe pas1l8e of time and obbcr ocrivtry Wether gtorn~ wcc cvcntuaUy rernovec from the sanctu ary and melted down in order to prodccc new votiveoS is unki1own It cmnm be excl ucJed ll~l it Clnnot be proved eilhel 0[ ~ly rate a comp3risor of be vocabulwy of this inscnptlon with kcrhrurlrSis tc~~ sngge~Hs rbdl rbis ioscripnon mostly ~esembjes in yencorie$ of eksecsmomiddot

Deprtcment Kllllsieke S-Jet Ej i~bch XOSll(acolJ Aftl~ ~ s Oudc Gcenti~ie kli

KilVloiickc Univcrsit6lleuvc] ErlSushJi~

Blijde [nJoiT53r-l( 21 B-3000 l=uvcn

61 Cf D M Lewis The lASI lnVln10ritJ of rf Trensurtr$ of Athena in D K1Deprl~ (Hrsg)) Compres ~r ff1vemaiuJ dans a cite recqu~ Ncuchllte1 i98S 197 1Jxy AtheNian DurUJcracy n r1I1nfloM (s n t) 10 I 16 where ~ e eview previou bibliography For the law EC ii~ ~ccicreQJlt Ihol middotN1I3 paued a6 faTt of LykoUfQJd ~eio(ros -ee AIelti1in~ Thl AJhenlan AsklpIlfion ~S n 34) W5-06