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-THE BEST PRACTICAL BOOK APPEARING IN YEARS-

"Radio Telephony for Amateurs" By STUART BALLANTINE

Not especially about radio telephony, but mostly about C.W. transmission and modern reception. New and reliable dope on aerials, the design of C.W. circuits, modulation methods, master -oscillators, super-heterodynes, radio frequency amplification, chokes and filters, etc. A book which every amateur should have and which we unhesitatingly recommend-see the Book Review this month. A cloth-bound book of 296 pages with more new dope than has appeared for years, for the small price of $1.50 postpaid. Send for yours today, O.M. QST BOOK DEPARTMENT, 1045 Main St., Hartford, Conn.

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'flte Official 01:ian of the :a:: @ F::.:u:::t:t=::X~l:::%~~~,.., VOLUME VI FEBRUARY, 1923 No. 7

The Transatlantic Triumph Two Hundred Flat c.W. lteception with the Super-Regenerator The Hearings of the White Bill De<'ember in Review

1'he .Editor Wm. S. C'l'eightnn

Leon W. lli,;/wp Hirarn Pe;•ey Maxim

PaC'ific Completely Bridged by Amateur Signals Hours of Service of "13" Batte1·ies W. B. Shn/te Synchronou;; Rectifiers for Plate Supply-A Sympowium f mportant Litigation R.F. Amplifier with Regenerative Detector Phillip N. Eurmfrh A Tone Wheel for I.C.\V. W. A .. Tolson Signal Corps Loop Set Editorials ( lperating Department International Amateur Radio What to Hear Tonight IZE Who's; Who in ltmateur Wireless-W. W. Lind.5ey, Jr., J. :L Gje/ha,1.1y .Amateur Radio Stations-PZN, .l]!.iH, f!{)R-,9ZT With the Affiliated Clubs The ,Junior Operator uf~trays'' Bouk Review Calls Heard Hadio Communications by the Amateurs filassitied Advertisements Index of A<lvertisers

7 :lO ;!1

Q S T is published monthly by The American Radio Relay League, Inc., at Hartford, C,mn. K-c'nneth B. Warner (Secretary, A.R.R.L.), Editor and Business Manager.

S, Kruse, Technical Editor; Boyd Phelps, Assistant Editor. Edwin C. Adams, Advertising Manager

Subscription price in United States, Possessions. and Canada, $2.00 per year .. Foreign $2.50. Single Copies, 20 ce-nts.

Entered as second-class matter May 29, 1919. at the post office at Hartford, Connecticut, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Acceptance for mailing at

special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized September Sf 1922..

Copyright, 1923, by The American Radio Relay League, Inc. Title registered at United States Patent Office.

THE AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE, Inc. HARTFORD, CONN.

6

THE AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE The American Radio Relay League, Inc., is a national non­

commercial association of radio amateurs, bonded for the more effective relaying of friendly messages between their stations, for legislative protection, for orderly operating, and for the practical improvement of short-wave two-way radiotelegraphic communir ation.

It is an incorporated association without capital stock, char­tered under the laws of Connecticut. Its affairs are governed by a board of seventeen Directors, elected every two years by the general membership. The officers., in turn, are elected by the Directors from their number. ~rhe League is non-commercial and no one commercially engaged in the manufacture, sale or rental of radio apparatus is eligible to membership on its Board.

"Of, by and for the amateur," it numbers within its ranks practically every worth-while amateur in America and has a history of glorious achievement as the standard bearer in ama­teur affairs.

Inquiries regarding membership are solicited. Ownership of a transmitting station, while very desirable, is not a pre­requisite to membership; a bona-fide interest in amateur radio ii, t.he only essential. Correspondence should be addressed to the Secretary.

President HIRAM PERCY MAXIM

Hartford, Oonn.

Yfoe President CHAS. H. STEW ART

St. David's, Pa.

H. M:. ANTHONY Muncie, Ind.

H. A" BEALE, Jr. Parkesbur,i, Pa.

A. H. BABOOOK Berkeley, Calif.

V. J!'. CAMP Brightwaters. L. 1.

F. M. CORLETT Dallas, Tex.

OFFICERS Traffic Manager

]1

• H. SCHNELL 1045 Main St.

Hartford, Conn.

DIRECTORS C.E.DARR

Detroit. Mich

W. C. O. DUNCAN •roronto, Ontario

A. A. HEBERT Nutley, N. J.

DR. A. E. KENNELLY Cambridge, Mass.

S. KRUSE Lawrence. Kan.

T1·e11AJurer A.A.HEBERT

Nutley., N. J. Secretary

K. B. WARNER Hartford, Conn.

H.P. MAXIM Hartford, Conn.

F. R. SCHNELL Hartford, Oonn.

C. A. SERVICE Hartford, Conn.

C. H. STEW ART St. David's, Pa.

IL B. WARNER Hartford, Conn.

M. B, WEST Waukegan, ma.

ADVISORY TECHNICAL COMMITTEE C. S. BALLANTINE

WM. C. BALLARD, Jr !.,EROY M. E. CLAUSING

FRANK CONRAD t.EO C. YOUNG

MINTON CRONKHITE J. H. DELLINGER

C. L. F'ARRAND PAUL F. GODLEY

I!'. O. BLAKE :MELVILLE EASTHAM

L. A. HAZELTINE Cl. D. TUSKA

R.H. G. MATHEWS J. O. SMITH

S. KRUSE

Address General Correspondence to Executive Headquarters, Hartford, Conn.

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

A1't\agazitte Devoted Exclusive,!y- lo the Radio Amateur

The Transatlantic Triumph By The Editor

THIS poor magazine has recorded so many dazzling accomplishments in recent issues that its supply of ex­

, c:lamation points and bold-faced type is in danger of exhaustion.

Time after time in the weeks just passed we amateurs have achieved big victories in qndertakings---11ccomplishments which have ,iiade us throw our cat at the stenographer, crown the office boy with a wastebasket,

and screamers. But somehow we have a different feeling in writing the story of the •rransatlantic 'l'ests. We are possessed of a very full measure of exuberance, to be sure, but our predominating emotion is a quiet exultation, a deep-seated Joy, a pride which to some extent arises from the ealm consciousness of a hard job well done. In other words, we are happy, and our heart sings within us as we write this account

One of the prettiest amateur aerial• in America, SAQO-SBSS, Cazenovia, N. Y.

and dance a' merry jig. Now we are faced with the duty of taking our mill in hand to chronicle in our official organ an accom­plishment so staggering that we know not how to proceed. In times gone by we would start off with a spectacular sentence em­bracing some choice and carefully-selected adjectives and embodying numerous stars

of the inspiring bit of work done by the radio amateurs of Europe and America in the Third Transatlantic 'l'ests of the Ameri­can Radio Relay League.

The success of these tests is not attributable to accident or to a kindly Fate but is the result of months of conscientious work on the part of the individual station-

QST February, Hi2::

owners a11d on the part of the leading ama­teur organizations in the various countries lnvolveri. ln <;reat Britain tht> work of or­g:anizing and conducting the tests was handled hv " rnromittee of the Radio Sodety of Great Britain iformerly the WirPl<:>ss ~\ociety of Lnndou) headed by Mr. Philip R. Conrsey, while in .!!'ranee the several sudeties formed 1:1 ioint Trans­nttant:ic Test Committee un<lei· the leader­ship nf Dr. Pierre Corret. These com­mittees paralleled in their respective coun­tries the preliminary work done in America hy the .<\.R.R.L. Operating Department in the qualifying of stations, assignment of t·nde words, preparation and dissemination uf schedules and lmlletins, ,,tc. How

the i;chedule rotating Pach night. In the remaining thrPe and a half hours of ea-,:h of these nights, the !324 American station;;

;~~~~ ,!'::! ~~~~Ii~~J~d~l r 2:ntifri~i;t'l,~rl~ letters transmitted for 1.5-minute periods in groups of from :22 to 25 each. During the last ten days of t:he u;sts, Euro­pean amateurs transmitted while America listened, the British and French amateurs dividing the fi-hour period into two equai s0etions and alternating eal'h night in their order of transmission.

The reports to datP, very briefly ,;um­marized, show that a total of 815 different United States and Canadian amateurs wPre heard aei:osf; the Atlantic! The British

A familiar &c.ene in rnany American &tations--copying the returns from MlJtJ ,rn.d t.JFT to !5t:-'t!' \li .. ho was heard in Britain and France. {J...cft to right, K. B. Warner, editor nf QST and A.R.R.L. secretary; F. H. Schnell, League traffic n,;tn_aget·; and Hiram Percy Maxim, our president.)

;;plendidly they did their work is atte:sted hy the results.

The p;eneral i,foa of the tests was <·x:­plained <,n page,; :~, 8 and 10 of (}ST for necember. It will be wen to review it briefly hr>re, to kPep the plan in mind in ;;tudying the results. 'rhe tests covered a :!0-day period from !Jee. 12th to Dec. Hlst, inclusive, in G·reenwich dates, which was divided into two equal sections, the trans­mission PIH:h night occuring f.rom midnight to OfiOO G.M.T. During the- first ten nights American and Canadfan amateurs trans­mitted while European amateurs listened. T~e tirst ~W? a!,]d a half" hours of. the oper­atmg per10a of <·ach iiI these mghts was g-iven over to ":f:ree-for-all" transmission by 1:aeh inspection District in the United States and Canada, in 15-minute :0 ections,

heard a total of Hil different ~tations. thr, F"'rench and Swiss a total of 2:rn. while xr, .American ;:-alls wi:;re heard bot.h in thr­British Isles and on the (\mtinent. tn the "west-bound" tests a total of about :co different American Hmateurs heard Euro-11ean amateur ,,ignals, principally from French SAB and from British fi'\V~ and British 2FZ. .

The "East-Bound" Tests Now let us get into the matter in greater

detail. Here for many months An1erican amateurs had heen grooming their trans­mitters and the Europeans had been getting their receptors irt a line state of prepa1·ed­ness. :European success in our preliminary tests. had prepared us for good news when the first official test-night rolled around.

February, 192"J' QST 11

Dec. 13, 1922 Codes verified: 2ZK, 2A WF, 8AQO,

BATU. 1''ree period: 8AQO. DX: 1BDJ.

D'ec~ 14, 1922 Codes verified: lZE, 2ZK, 8AQO. Free period: 2NZ, 2ZK, 3ZY, 3HG, 3FA,

SUE, SBU. Working DX: lBET, 1BDT, 2LI, 2EL,

llLA, 90M. Dec. 15, 1922

No codes verified. 1''ree period: lBCG, 1 YK, 1BDT, lGV,

%AHO, 2BLF, 8XM, azw, 8ATU, 8AQO.

Free period: 1BDF, 1BDK, lBDT, lYK, 1.ZE, lARY, 1BCG, 2GK, 2NZ, 2RP, 2ZK, 3HZ, 3HG, 3ZW, 3ZY, SAX, 8AZ, 8AQO, 8AWP, SAW, 8BSY.

Working DX: 1XZ, lGH, 1MV, L'<U, 1.SOK (obviously n.g.), 2AF, 2EI, 2EL, 2AAA, 3XM, 6KA, SAQO.

Dec, 19, 1922 Codes verified: lAKG, lAGK, lASF,

1XM, lGV, 2GK, 2AWF, 2EL, 8AQO, 8AIO, 8BXH.

Free period: 1.BDT, 1AKG, lAGK, lDNI, lXU, 2CJW, 2ZK, 2CBX, 2CQZ, 2EL, 2CPD, 2ER, 2RP, 2XAP, 2XC, 2ZS, 3EX, :JHG, 3SG, 3FX, 3ZY, t3KB, SAQO,

"Radio Heaven," or a glimpse of the main operating room at C. B. Meredith's 8AQ0-8BSS-8XH-WMAC. 8AQO is the set in the center backa-round, 8BSS is the small panel set on the table in the left-hand corner, and 8XH is seen on the right below the window. Across the two tables In the foreground is a 9-tube super .. heterodyne.

Dec. 16, 1922 No codes verified. Free period: lBED, lBGF, lOR, 2AWL,

ZBLM, 2HJ, 2XAP, 2NZ, 2ZK, 3ZY, SATU, IXE.

Working DX: 2AW (probably British). Dec. 17, 1922

Codes verified: 1 Y K, 2ZK. Free period: 1BDA, lBDI, lBRQ, lCDX,

lCMK, lBCG, 2A YV, 2BGL, 2BLK, 2LI, 3BGT, 3HG, 3ZY, 6AV, 8AWF, SAZO, 8BSL, 8BSS, SLA, SAQO.

Working DX: !BAT, lNI, lBCG, 3XM, BAQO.

Dec. 18, 1922 Codes verified: lASF, lXM, lBET,

2AWL, 2GK, 2LO, 2ZK, 3BLF, 9DWK.

8AWP, 8BU, 8MZ, 90M, 9DWC. Working DX: 1ADL, lAW, lBS, lOR,

lAGK, lZE, 2ZK, 3XM, 3BG, 8BTV, 8AQO, SUE, 8BSS.

Dec. 20, 1922 Codes verified: lBCF, lBFP (error; no

such station qualified); lCMK, lCNF, lGV, 2CQZ, 2EL, 2LO, 2XAP, 3ZW, 8AQO, SAWP, 8BK, 8BXH, 8IB, 8ML, RUE.

Free period: lAJP, lBEP, lAKG, lBES, lASF, lBET, lAWO, lBRQ, lAZL, lBWJ, lBCC, lCN, lBCF, lCNF, lBCG, lCKP, lBDT, lCMK, !DWP, lEJA, lGV, 111, lPG, lRD, lUN, lXM, lZE, 2AWF, 2CBW, 2AWL, 2CJD, 2AYYJ 2CJN, 2BDJ, 2CKR, 2BGL, 2CQZ, 2BLK, 2EL, 2BLP, 2FP, 2BML, 2GC, 2BQD, 2GI, 2BQH, 2GK,

10 QST February, 19~3

Free-for-all: 1ZE, lBKQ, 1XM, 1AJP, lOR, lBDT, 111, lBEP, 1CMK, lBES, lBRQ, lBET, 2GJ., 2XAP, 2CTN, 2AWF, 2Ct.JZ, 2BML, 2EL, 2BLP, :ZFP, 2BQU, 2KG, 2CKR, 2HW, 2:NZ, 2UD, 2XAO, 3BYC, 3AFP, ace, 3AQR, 3HQ, 3AUU,

Even the Y.L.'s 11ot In on the tests this year. Here is Miu M, Adaire Garmhauaen, 3BCK, in her working clothes to get up her aerial. Photo by 3HG.

3.J.J, 3BGT, 3XR, 3BLF, 3ZW, 4BX, JEA, •!EB, 5NK.

Also "many" unnamed stations working DX.

Dec. 21, 1922 Codes verified: 1BEP, lCWF (erroneous;

no such eall); 1BGF, 1GV, lXM, 2AWL, 2GK, 2LO, 2BLP, 2EL, 2NZ, 2ZK, 3AUU, 3BGT, azw, 4BY, 4KM, 8AQO, 8BK, 8IBF { error somewhere; no i;uch station quali­fied); 8SP, 8UE, SATU, 8BXH.

Free-for-all: lXB, 1RY, 1A,TP, lBDT, lBEP, IBES, lBKA, lBMK, lBRQ, lCDO, lCKP, lCKG, 111, lCMK, lXK, lOR, 1XM, 2CBW, 2XAO, llAM, 2ZK, 2AXO., 2BRB, 2BYS, 2CKR, 2CQZ, iJAQR, 3BLF, 3HG, ;>,Yo, 3BFU, ;JBGT, 3BNU, 3ZW, azz, 4EA, 5XK, 3ADG, 3SP.

British Summary Compare this in your mind's eye, if you

;;an, with the reports from the Second Tests iast year, when a total n:f around 35

station were heard. It can't be done-­there is no comparison.

.If now an analysis be made of the above calls, and tallies made of the number of times various c.alls are reported, we arrive at the following summary: District First Second Third Fourth Pifth Sixth Seventh Eight Ninth Canada

Stations Heard 41 46 27

l~ f3 1 l

25 4 l

Total 161

Best Station 1XM-1BET

2EL-2ZK 3ZW 4BY 5XK

8AQO

.A total of 161 different sbitions from every district in the U.S., with 3ZW the star in point of number of times reported.

Now be it known that there are ama­teurs in Switzerland too. We didn't know it before the tests, but Dr. Correct report.ed separately for the Swiss amateurs until the la.st few nights, when they got too thick for him. Most of this work was done, we believe, by a Mr. Luthi, and our hat is off to him. He reads the code 11nd his lists are real ones:

HEARD IN SWITZERLAND Dec. 13, 1922

Free period: 8BSS. Dec. 14, 192%

Code verified: 8ACIO. Free-for-all: 2BGL. 2RP.

Dec. 18, 19%2 Code verified: lAZW, 1XM, 2AWL, 2GK,

3AFB, .rny, 5ZA, SAIO. F'ree period: lAZW, lBDT, 2CKR, 2CPD.

2RP, 3HG, 8AXC, 8CJH, 8ML. Working DX: 1ST, lXY, 2EL, 4EA,

8AQO, 8BRC, SUE, 8V~ 9CM, BDFR Dec. 19, 1922

Free period: lBDT, HI, 2AYVJ. 2CBX, 2CJN, 2CPD, 2XAO, 2XAQ, 3BFIJ, 8HG., WT, 3XM, 3ZW, 3ZZ, SAQO.

Working DX: :JZH.

HEARD IN FRANCE Now for the li'rench reports sent by Dr.

Corret for the French inter-society com­ntlttee. As noted above, the following re­ports include under the dates of Dec. 20th and 21st the reception in Switzerland a11 well as Jn France.

Dec. 12, 1922 Codes verified: lYK, 1BGF, tBCG,

2XAP, 2BML, 8AQO. Pree period: lNX, 2ZK, 2EL, 2ZS, 3HG,

''FX 3HM ,, \V~rking.DX: 1BRQ, 1MBG. SMZ.

February, 192~3 QST 11

Dec. 13, 1922 Codes n°rificd: 2ZK, 2A W F, SAQO,

BATU. Free pt•riod: iL\QO. DX: um.1.

D'ec. 14, 1922 CodPs vPrified: lZE, 2ZK, SAQO. Free period: 2NZ, 2ZK, :lZY, :HIG, 3FA,

8UE, 8BU. Working DX: lBET, lRDT, 2LI, 2EL,

8LA, !IOM. Dec. 15, 1922

No codes wrifa•d. Fr<'e period: lBCG, IYK, lBDT, IGV,

%AHO, 2BLF, 3X:.\T, nw, 8ATl', 8AQO.

Free period: lBDF, lBDK, lBDT, lYK, lZP., lARY, lBCG, 2GK, 2NZ, 2RP, 2ZK, 3HZ, 3HG, nw, 3ZY, 8AX, 8AZ, 8AQO, 8A\VP, RAW, iiBSY.

Working JJX: lXZ, IGH, lMV, lXU, lSOK (nhviously n.g.), 2AF, :rnr, 2EL, 2AAA, :3X:.\!, iiKA, 8AQO.

Dec. 19, 1922 CodPs wrifi,•d: lAKC, lACK, lASF,

lXM, l GV, 2GK, 2A \\'F, 2EL, 8AQO, 8AIO, 8BXll.

Free Pl'riod: l BDT, L\KG, lAGK, lDNI, 1XU, 2CJ\V, 2ZK, 2CBX, 2CQZ, 2EL, 2CPD, 2ER, 2RP, 2XAP, 2XC, 2ZS, 3EX, :m(;, :1SG, 3FX, 3ZY, GKB, 8AQO,

0 Radio Heaven," or a rlimp•e of the main operating room at C. B. Me-redith•• tlAQO-SBSS-tlXH-WMAC. SAQO is the set in the contor back~round, tlBSS i• the small panel set on the t.a.ble in the left~hand cornrr. and 8XH i• acen on the ritrht below the window. A-cro5r. the two tables in the fore1round i• a 9~tube ~upf"'r~hcterodynf'.

Dec. 16, 1922 No l'Odt>:- v<'rifi,,<L Free period: lBED, lllGF, IOR, 2AWL,

%BLM, 2H.J, 2XAP, 2NZ, 2ZK, :lZY, BATU, 8XE.

Working DX: 2AW (prnbnbly British). Dec. 17, 1922

Cod,•~ n•riii(•d: l Y K, :.:ZK. Fn•,• JH'riod: lBD.\, lBI>I, lHRQ, lCDX,

ICMK, lBC(;, 2A YV, 2R(~L. 2BLK, 2LI, 3BGT, :mG, ::lZY, 6AV, 8A \VF, 8AZO, 8BSL, 8BS8, 8LA, 8,\QO.

Working I>X: lRAT, l NL rnn;, 3XM, SAQO

Dec. 18, 1922 (:odPs wrilied: JASF, JXM, lBET,

!AWL.. 2(;K, 2LO, :2ZK. :mLF, !lDWK.

1.'AWP, 8Bl·, ~:\IZ, :,0:\1, UDWC. WorkinJZ DX: lADL, IA\\', lBS, lOR,

lAGK, lZE, :.:ZK, :3X:.\I, :rnG, 8BT\·, 8AQO, SUE, 8BSS.

Dec. 20, 1922 Codes Yeri1i,.•d: lBCF, lBFP lt>rr,,r; ri.>

/;Uch station qua!ilh•d); lCMK, 1CNF, lGV, 2CQZ, 2EL, 2LO, 2XAP, 3ZW, sAQO, SA WP, 8BK, 8BXH, 8TB, 8ML, 1' l: !•:.

Fn·e p!'riud: !A.JP, lBEP, lAKG, !BES, JASF, lBF:T, !A WO, 1BRQ, lAZL, lB\V,J. rncc, JC.\', !BCF, 1c;s.F, lBCG, JCKP. lBDT, l(':',JK. lD\YP, JE.JA, !(;\', Ill. JP(;, llW, 1t·.\', lX:'>I, lZE, 2AWF. ~('!l\\·. 2AWL, ::C.Tll, 2.-\ y\·, :2C.J~. :2rm.1, :21:KR. '.:BGL, 2n2z. 2BLK. 2EL, 2BLr. ::FP. '.:B:.\iL, :2(;<", ::HQP. :.:Gl, :.:BQll, :;i;K,

12 QST February, 192:3

2BQU, 2GY, 2ZL, 2LO, 2LY, 2NZ, 2RP, :>UD ·>x. ,1_._n •ix .\.P ,,x_ \Q !'ZE {erro,·) 2ZK.' :J.~H,-:'n1LG, 3AQR, :k+N (Ca~uk:?); llAUU, iiHG, :lBCN, 3YU, ;!BG, 3ZW, 3BGA, 3ZY, 3BGT, 3ZZ, 3BL, 3BLF, 3BLZ, 3BNU, 4.BY, 4EA, 4GT, 5XK. SADD, SBC, 8ADG, SBSS, SAGZ, 8BTV, BAIO, 8BXH, 8AQO, ;:.:;CJH, 8A.TF, SCVA, 8ATU, SIB, SAW, S.JB, SAWP, SMR, SAZQ, SUE, SBR, SYD, SZW, DAUL, tlDFB.

Off-,whedule: 1BCF, lBDT, lBES, 1BET, 1CDO, lCDR, lCDN, lCK, lCKP, 1DWO, 111, :UT, HW, lXM, 1YK, JZE, 2BQH, 2CQZ, 2EL, 2RB, 2RLC { 'i), 2XAP, 2XAQ,

The transmitter at 1 ZE, one of the best stations in the tests. This set put fourteen complete messages over to England one night without re­pe-at.tss The antenna current on 225 meters is 18 amperes.

aAQR, ::iAZQ, ;mES, :rnL, :rnLF, :mM, 3CC, 3HG, 3IN, 3J RB ( '/), 3TJ, 8XN, 3WR, ,:tAU, .JEB, 6ADG, 6GZ, flMLZ ('?), 8ADG, 8AM, BAK, 8AC:JO, xAQZ, 8ATB, 8ATU, 8A WF, 8AX, 8AXC, 8BSS, 8BSL, 8BSY, 8BU, 8BXF, SCKR, 8CYH, SIB., 8ML, SXE, 8WR, 9DWQ.

. ··- Dec. 21, 1922 Codes verified: lXM, 1 YK, 2LO, 2XAP,

2XAP on phone, 2ZK, 3ZW, 8AQO~ Free period: l AGK, lASF, lBDI, 1BDJ,

lBDT, lBES, lBRQ, lBKQ. lCKP, 1CMK,

ICNF. lEMK r ';'), lGK. 1HRX I'?\ 10R, lXM, . JXO, lXRAY ( '/.:_hi! Who . spelled out his call letters'?), l YK, 2AFB, 2AFP, 2A WF, '.JA WL, 2BML. 2BQT, 2CBX, 2CKN, ::CPD, 2CQZ, 2EL, 2FP, 2C:K, 2GLF, 2GR, 2LO, 2UD, 2XAP, 2ZK, 3AFB, :lBFU, :rno, :::BSY, 3FA, 3HG, 3KXM ('!), 3XM, azw, 3ZY, 1J,BY, ;:,XK, GZA, 8AIO, 8ATU, 8AQO, SAVO, 8BSS, 8BU, RNF, 8UE, 8XE, 90X.

Off-schedule: 1A,IP, lAWP, lBCG, lCDO, ll<'B, lIL 10R, lRDE ('/), lZE, 2CQF, 2FP, 2FW, 2KA., 2ZK, WUBA, :rnLF, RADG, SAQO, 8ATU, 8BRK, 8SP, t!CH\ l:IOX. .

Franco-Swiss Summary From the above reports we obtain the

following summary in the same manner as for the British reception.

District F'irst Second Third Fourth Pifth Sixth Seventh gighth Ninth

Stations Heard 61 68 .u

fi 2 7 0

fi1 H

Total 239

Best Station 1BDT ~!ZK 8HG 4BY

8AQO

A total of 289 different stations, several from Calif?rnia, re~i:~sentin~_ every ~istrict but the Seventh, with 8A(.l0 easily the star.

Grand Summary A ciueful analysis of these reports,

eliminating duplication of calls heard in both countries, gives us the following grand total of individual stations erossing the Atlantic Ocean in the tests:

First District 78 Second

,. 81

Third r,3 Fourth " I1 Fifth ., ,.,

' Sixth " X Seventh 1 Eighth .. tia Ninth " 12 Canada l

Total 315

Three hundred and sixteen different sta­tions got over this year)! Just think of it! It is surprising to find but one Canadian station reported as such but we .feel sure that many of the 3's and perhaps some- of the 2's and 9's listed as U.S. calls should be credited to the Dominion. Any information Canadian amateurs can give us on this will be appreciated. -

The Top-Notchers It is evident we believe that a list of

those stations reported bnth from Britain

February, 1923 (~ST 1 •) .. and from the Continent will :,how those that have the t'Pal stuff in them, and, bE-­<,ause it involves reception at at least two puints, is double certification that they ";Jot owr.'' In this list we find:

P/nc;t !Ji.~t-1·ict: 1YK, lBGF, 1BCG, lBRQ, lZE. 1 Bl~T, lBDT, 1GV, lOR, lBDI, lCDX, lCMK, lASF, lXM, 1AKG, lBCF, 1CNF, 1AJP, lII, 1HEP, !RES, :ICKP, 1CDO, lAZW. 'fotal 24.

Su'Und Oistrict: 2AWL, 2GK, 2CKR, 2EL, 2_\ YV, 2XAO, 2XAP, 2BML, 2ZK, 2ZS, 2AWF, 2NZ, 2AHO, :!LO, 2C.JW, 2CQZ, 2CBW, 2BLP, 2FP, 2GK, ~rnQU, :ZZL, 2LY, 2UD, 2AFP, 2BQT, 2CKN, 2GR. •rota!, 28.

Third District: 3AFB, 3HG, 8BFU, 3XM, IJZW, :::ZY, llBGT, :rnLF, ::zz, :rnG, :lAQR, :3AUU, 3BL, 3BNU, 3CC. 'fotal 15.

fi'uuri,h Di.5trict: fBY, 4:EA, JEE, Total, :l.

P-ifth Di.strict: 5XK. Only 1. S hi•th mid Se-venth Dist,rict {:

None. Eighth PiRtrict: 8AQO, SA WP,

8ATU, 8XE, 8BK, SUE, 8SP, 8AXC, 8ATF, 8BXH, SML, 8YD, 8ADG. Total 13.

Ninth District: 9AUL. Only 1. . 'rotal number of stations listed in the reports of both Mr. Coursey and Dr. Corret, 85.

Some Liats! It is impossible for us to !;'X-

press ourselves adequately on these results. '.rhe success of the European rP-ception was many times our fondest anticipations. We expected big lists of ealls, but nothing like this. Why, do you men realize that it took big long expensive radiograms to make these !'!!ports daily via the eom­mercial transatlantic stations. and that. for an example, one of the French messages to the Traffic Manager had a ehcck of rrnfi ! Z<lwif' [ It eertainlv was a thril­ling thing to Hsten· in on a Jong­wav,~ ,:et and eopy the returns each morning, the Hrltish with t.heir "able, boy, east," and the F'renchmen with their "Andre, Berthe. Camille." At first there was ,-ill awful kick in it but later on we, gt·ew rather hlase ahout it and found ourselves wondering one morning what was the matter with these Britishers: they had reported only H7 stations for the previous night! ,And that was more calls that the entire tests a year before had yielded! And it seemed that it was in answer fa this feeling in us that the re­ports from both Britain and France soared to "new highs" in the concluding days of the period, reaching totals that would make any ·ham gasp at the sheer wonder of it.

There are naturally some calls in the

foregoing lists which "look fishy," and some that are positively incorrect. In the main, howi:vcr, the pl"rcentage of accuracy is surprisingly hig-h. The British amateurs proved superior in reading, we feel, the ai:-i:uracy of their reports being consider­ably the higher. 'rhe French amateurs hav;; reported almost 50o/,-. more ealls than the British, hut against this it must be remembered that they had the excellent assistance of two Swiss amateurs and the tlgure must also be discounted to some tsxtent to allow for ''phony" ealls, misread combinations, three-letter ealls with the last one missing, etc., ·with a result which probably puts the reports of the two coun-

I: I

t

"i

The big fan at lZE, Marion, Mass.

tries a;,; c;uch on a parity. All of this :,how:;; the value of the preliminary tests an<l the assigning of secret f'ode combina­tions, the eopying of which on the other :,ide has provided positive identification for the majority of the more reliable stations.

At this writing we have no information as to the numbe1· of successful British listeners nor as Lo their equipment. 'fbe latter, we imagine, consists largely of radio­frequency amplifiers with separately-tuned inter-stage cfrcuits .for coupling, used in c·<rnnection with :;;eparate heterodynes. Dr. Corret has advised us that at the con-

14 QST February, 1923

<e.lusion of the tests there were about forty ,mccessful · French amateurs, and two in Switzerland, the equipment known to hlm ,at that time including Reinartz tuners, American-built three-circuit regenerators, ;,rnd a super-heterodyne. Many of the sig­"11als copied in France were received on a rr,;ingle dete .. tor tube without amplification ,of any kind!

H is interesting to speculate what the ~ifect of the weather may have been. Ex­cept around Dec. 15th and 16th the reports increased daily in size from both countries,

the latter received no secret eodes. The 15th was not a good night :for 1''rance, and it- is possible that the phenomenon, what­ever it was, was a traveling effect.

The "West-Bound" Teats We wish we could be a;:i enthusiastic

over the results of the last ten days as we are over the first period. They were ;mc­cessful, after a fashion, but the part played by America in her reception effort was so inconspicuous in eomparison with b--:urope's success the first ten days that,

A close-up of 8AQO, the star of the tests. The helices forming the coupled drcuits are clearly shown, From the panel behind the table "Juice" of all descriptions inay be bad.

1iarticularly on the last two nights, which may have been attributable to an increasing body of interested listeners and i;,>Teater success as they became more proficient in hunting for American signals, or the at­mospheric conditions may have improved, or it may have been a combination of both. On Dec. 16th the British dropped almost to nothing, which is surprising in view of the fair luck in France that night, altho

even allowing for the lessened chances, we cannot say that we are particularly pleased. Information in our possession at this writ­ing is too meagre to warrant speculation as to whether this may be charged to poor transmitters, poor receivers, poor weather, or poor co-operation on t.he part of the American amateur.

Mr. Coursey reported code combinations assigned to 17 British stations: 2AW, 2FP,

February, 1923 QST 15

2FQ, 2;fF, :~.JZ, 2KF, 2KV, 2MF, 2OD, 20M, 2ON, 2SH, 2UV, 5MS, 5WS, 5MT, and 9AN. ln addition to this a half-hour free-for-all period was provided each night during which numerous other British sta­tions of quite low power transmitted. Dr. Corret listed codes for 22 qualified French transmitters: 8A.B, SAC, SAD, SAG, 8AH, 8AO, SAP, SARA, 8BB, 8BG, 8DP, SDVP, 8DY, 8FZ, 8GU, 8LBC, 8RRX, SST, FFC-21, 8AU, :3PA, and SBL; no information available on free-for-alls.

The following is a summary of the American reception reported up to :January 4th:

Dec. 22, 1922 No sig-nals reported.

Dec. 23, 1922 About 0400 G.M.T., French 8AB, 2-10

meters, no code eopied, reported by 8FQ, Pittsburgh, on detector and 1-step A.F.

British 2PO, unlisted, 180 meters, no code, t;ime not stated, reported by 8FQ.

0845. 2FZ calling test, wave i:;tated m; 250 meters, heard by 8AMD, Lewisburg, W. Va., equipment not known.

0218, 21''Z, wave etitimated 200 meters, heard on super-regenerator and 2-step on loud-speaker by 9DRR, Marquette, Mich.

0:3:3::l, 2FZ, calling "Test," heard on . de­tector and 1 step bi3HS, Washingt!)n, D.C.

2FZ and other unreadable foreign sta­tions heard, time not stated, by ~2BML, Riverhead, L.I., on Beverage wire, other apparatus unknown.

Dec. 24, 1922 0156 G.M.T., "5SW" heard transmitting

"AFGCX," the code-word assigned to 5WS, b,• lRU, Hartford, Conn., on Tus!ta 3-circuit tuner and detector 1-step. This was the first time a foreign code-word was copied, and it is believed the British operator be­came confused at the start of his sending, there being no question of the signature 5SW versus 5WS.

0220, 5WS, code verified, wav.e estimated 215 meters, heard by 2BBB, Ridgewood, N.J., on Reinartz tuner and detector only. Attaboy!

About 0200, 5WS, code verified, by 3BEC, Radnor, Pa. .

0220, 5WS, code and message to Ameri­can amateurs OK, by lANA, Chatham, Mass., on Beverage Wire and Reinartz tuner, valves unknown.

0230, 5WS, code verified, by lXP, Athol, Mass., · on H stages R.F .A., detector and 1 audio.

5WS, time not stated, code verified, by lBFG, Belfast, Maine.

Ditto, lBQD, Newport, R.I. Ditto, lOR, Plymouth, Mass. 0230, 5WS without code, by L. D. War­

ner, SehEmectady, N.Y., apparatus tm­known.

Dec, 25, 1922 0150 French 8AB, without eode word,

wave stated 240 meters, 25-cycle note, re­ported by 8FQ, Pittsburgh, detector and 1 audio.

0435, British 2FZ, 200 meters, by 2BSK, Schenectady, N.Y.

0435, 21<~z, by 2GK, Schenectady, on Reinartz tuner and 1 step.

0440, 2FZ, heard by 8FQ, Pittsburgh. 0440, British 2.JZ, by 8FQ. Question if

not also 2FZ. 0445, 5WS, code verified, by lANA,

Chatham, Mass. Dec. 26, 1922

0025 G.M.T., 2FZ, wave stated as 245, sending ''k v v v v v," repeated, heard by 2CQO,. Elizabeth, N .J ., on Grebe CR-9 and detector-l-step.

0154, 5WS, signing "Radio Society of Great Britain," heard by lMO-lBHW,

The bill' Esco motor-generator at SAQO. The motor operates on 110-volt D.C. obtained from storage batteries, which are charged daily hy a gas­engine-driven generator.

Hartford, Conn., detector and 1-step iaudio. Dec, 27, 1922

2FZ heard swinging in for few seconds, time not stated, by lANA.

Dec. 28, 1922 04H2 G.M.T., unknown station, faint code

unreadable, by 1ANA. Dec. 29, 1922

No signals reported. Dec. 30, 1922

From 0310 to 0410 G.M.T., French SAB steadily audible, sometimes unreadable, o1ometimes QRK, code word "ALUDO" veri­fied, 190 meters, 25-cycle A.C.C.W., copied by C. A. Service, Jr., cx-3ZA, at So. Man­chester, Conn., on 3-circuit tuner, detector, and two stages audio.

Dec. 31, 1922 0453 G.M.T., 5WS, without code, by

3ADP, Chester, Pa., deteetor only.

16 (~ST February. l 92:I

Summary fl \VS. the London station of the Radio

Soeiety of Great Britain, heard by lBFG, lBQD, lOR, 1XP, lANA, :rnEC, 2BBB, 1MO, JADP, and L. D. Warner of Schenec­tady. Total, 10.

2FZ, Wireless Society of Manchester, heard by lANA, 2CQO, 2GK, 2BSK, 2BML, 3HS, 8FQ, 8AMD, 9DRR. Total, !J.

8AB, Leon Deloy, Nice, France, heard by 8FQ and by C. A. Service, So. Man­chester, Conn. Total, 2.

5SW, undoubtedly in error for 5WS, heard by lRU.

:ff'O and 2,JZ, somewhat questioral,le, heard by 8FQ.

Total British str.1,tions to have been hea.rd, 2. Tota,[ ,lrnericans henrin,g 20.

po.~itfoely known Tota,l F'rench, 1.

European Rignals,

And that's all. While the figures are di&appointingly low, they nevertheless testi­fy to an achievement that ;;hould make us all sit up and figure. Ear<)fiear! a1rut/,eurs are /,ransmittini1, and we rnn hear then: in A nu:i''ICH ! In middle 1Jecember that had never happened and we weren't quite sure that it would. In fad it was with some trepidity that the writer made a wager with W. \Vitt Burnham, British 2FQ, of a morning cvat with which the farEous hat-trophy of last year's tests ·:ould he worn, that European amateur i,,ignals would be heard during the Finals by at least ten bona-fide .American amateurs using plain antennas. \Ve have won the bet, but not as decisively as we would like. 'rh'.lt, tJ our mind, is expressive of the whole result -a startling thing has been accomplished in the reception of European ;;igs in this country, but we. didn't do the job nearly as well as we :should. Lt>.t us look into the reasons.

The i<trongest point in our belief that we did less than we should is made by the comparatiVI' figures. If the combined J<Juropean reception of Americans had totalled a stations, heard by :20 operators, we would fee! that we in turn had done

well. It is true, we believe, that American amateurs tsxcel in transmitting; we eome dose t,o being "past masters" in trJat gentle art; ancf we have several thousand aetive stations. From all of which it is perhaps no particular wonder that the H16 best stations got over. European ama­teurs have coricentrated on reception for many years, and, not being permitted to transmit except under oppressive restric­tions, they have developed their receivers to ultra-sensitivity, particularly in the matter of tuned radio-frequency amplifi­l'ation. 'I'here are fewer of them and it is easier to get a high degree of co­operation from a limited number than it is from a body of 15,000. These factol's com­bined to make the European success. The number of low-powered American stations heard i::1 testimony of their superior per­

formance in reception. On the other hand we believe it

is quite a new problem for the European amateur to rig up a moderately high power ,imateur transmitrer. We do not know how many of the 8!:l individual stations assigned code groups were of a calibre that might reasonably be <>xpected to ''get over," nor how many of them actually transmitted, hut we must assume that they had t,hi, power and did transmit. Gmnting that this is a small field for the American amateur to work with, the results still are poor, and this we must attribute to l'Ul' inferior reeeiving apparatus and to jamming on the part of our own men.

The qRM a1; times was merciless. The first night was hopeless because of hun­dreds of transmissions calling "Test" in the mistaken belief that it was a transmitting night, the nrnfusion being due to the use of G.M.T. The next couple of nights were more or less eonsumed in quieting things down. It is an awful job in a c·,:,untry having 16,000 licensed transmitters, about i:\0% of which are thought to be in com­mission at any one time and representing amateurs of many diverse interests. F.:ventually eomparative quiet prevailed and there were .many nights, in the east at least, when it was possible to listen for many minutes on 200 meters and meet only the silence of the grave-surely the only time this has been the case since macaroni was invented. Not that the gang were entirely quiet-they were not. We believe that any listener could have logged 100 to 150 different American stations in any night's listening, and say but weren't some of them having a beautiful time! Able to work half-way across the country with their little sets and hugely enioying the dear uninterrupted signals, telling ea•:h other what FB it was. Except for the ab­sence of practically every really high-

FPbruary, 1923 QST 17

grade ,_,tauon, the air at times soundPd as ;;,ll>V i.ts any normal relay night. Rut it was che puriks ,1nd lids who wen:• at it, the haiting hsts that n.1uld hardly be. rPad, the uoor sets which had never been heard out ;,f thefr hack-yards hefore. and blessed if they weren't · ~tetting out all OV<'l' the eonntry during this 4uiet ;;pell, and enjoy­ing-it 11u~ely. t,,,me of ·.,m e,ven cum plained hltteriv ,ii (~HM!

i.t wa,-; Ill iu.r of thi,: S(ll't that we listem·d. !n conditions of this sume ,,,.11-L or Hut PYeJJ as favorable, the l.f.S. west eoast hears the t:a~t 1:UH:---t and viee Vf'1'8a. \Vhich being ~.,ver !.and represeuts a harder· feat tha11 t,, hear similar-power stations in E:urope. tt was to lie t:xpected, th;c,n, that we would hear some :"ignals, and we did-to just about the same ,:,1;de1 ;,f ,uag:uitude as we would t'X­

ned to perform transcontinental reception. ;!'hat we did not do netter must be eharged • to our 1·eeeivers and not to ,,ur QRM, for there wl"re many periocts when the air was 4uiet (•110ugh. We ,Americans have d•~­vdoped in c-onditions differing greatly _from those of the J:<:uropsoan amateur. .\li uur radio lives we have been ;;urrounded by thousands uf transmitterf\, and not only has the incentive heen la<"king to develop a ::mper-sem;itivP receiver to hear something but ;;uch 1·1ec1dvers always have been "knocked culd" by n<'arby stations when put into nperation. The re,;ult is that most of the signals we heard in the tests were re,:efred r:,n regular relay receivers, with audibilitieH about the ~ame as American transcontinental reception. Of the ;::o successfui American listeners, two used Bf>vPrage Wires arid the rest to our belief had normal aerial,;. We know of several well-made super-heterodynes which were in operation thruout the tests, but no signals definitely rraceable to F:urope were ce­,'.elve<l on such pets and it is important to note t.hat most of the reception was a,·,·0111-nlishE·d on regular amateur apparatns­i·<c,)l:enerative tuner, detP<:tor, and one or two stal!.'es of audio amplification. We have no record so far of any reception on radio amplifiers ;;mbodying transformers 1.,f the type offered. us by American manufacturers. lXP used a S-step R.F'./1.. but tuned the ,~tages with variometers to give 1·eactance-1·a1fr,dty eoupling after British practice.

It was n foregone 1,•,mclusion that kAB was the best B'rench bet. \Ve understand Mr. Delov was able to make use of his maximum licensed power of 1 k.w., which was put into a new antenna supported by three 75-ft. masts. During the tests sE-veral report,; of 8AB were received from the NPw Yi:,rk district, describing the sig­nals as around 240 meters wave-length, D.C. supply, compensated. 8AB's wave length was 195 meters and his supply 25-,•ycle A.C .. self-rectif;y:ing, and . not com­pensated. i1omebody with a lopsided sense of humor and no respect for law was having a huge time of it sending out bum

Frem:h on a receiving set! 2FZ ,;eems to Lave been more 01· Jess of a dark horse, operating without eode word, where_as nothing was heard of 5MS, operated lly the ;;ame dub, which it. was . generally thought woul<l he WE-ll heard. Ship oper­ators have r;c,purted hMS very (lSA lOUO miles west of Li:,.ard. 5 WS was the star European :o;tation. This was Prect<;d ,,;,.peeiallv for the [.;c,sts by the Had10 ::;udety of (,reat Britain, and WP eongra~u­iate its d.-,;igners and operators. (}ood sig­nals. cude 1·epeatedly verified, :wd its kind messages of greeting to America_n ~mateurs c-.. pied QRK. ·we have m:i techmcal par­iieulars at this writing.

Acknowledgment

'I'he A.H.R.L. wishes to !"Xpre,;s t.o the Radio Society ;,f Great Britain and to the ('ondte f<7 ro:ricai-s dn; Essci-i.~ I' ,•a,ni{atlan­l;htues its ClH'dial apprecia~ion ofa,nd th_anks for their co-operat.10n rn makmg these t<'sts successfu{, fully realizing the (rnor­mous effort that has heen expended by them; and it hopes that they will agree that the results havP been well worth ·while. We are indebted to the Radio Corporation nf America, particularly its traffic manager Mr. W. A. Winterbottom, 1md to the management of stations MUU and UFT, for their g<reat kindnesses in arranging for the spedal transmission of <• u-r daily re­veption reports, which E-nabled amateurs on both sides to keep potsted daily on the pro-12:ress of the tests. To the members of our ;;wn Operating Departw1ent we extend thanks for their E·fforts and the ,;arne to t.he good United States and Canadian am­ateurs who co-operated thruout. the '.!O-day period. And, finally, QST offers its hearty inngratulations t.o the ,mcces,;ful stations 1,n both s.ides of the Atlantic, who by their participation have added this crowning ac­•'omnlishment to the annals of Amateur Radio.

Side-Lights 011 the Tests

We are sorry t.bat it. fa impossible to puhlish the adresses of the American st.a­tionR :rn<"<"essfully spanning the Atlantic, in order that our non-amateur readers may app1·eciate the full siimificancP nf the tests .. Space ,:!oes not permit this, however, and we ,•an only ~ay that. they cover most of the United ·states. We were particularly glad to see the reception of California ;;tations, in marked improvement ov1,r last year's tests. The reception of HKA and l.JDWK is credited to Messrs. Perroux and Louis, at Orleans France, concerning whose receiving circuit mention was made on page :!-1 of December QST. F'ine W'nrk.

Counting the number of times the better "tations were reported, we arrange them as follows in the order of their consistency: SAQO, 2ZK, 2EL, HZW, 2A WL, 3HG,

18 QST L F'e bruary, 1923

2XAP, lXM, lBET, 8ATU, axM, 2AWF, 2LO. This rating is not wholly reliable, as it is based on the regularity with which the ::;tations transmitted as well as their 1·eeeption. For example, lZE got off the air after he had been teported from both England and France, r,nd so does not appear in our count. t-:xcept for this there is no doubt that ''VN" would have been lH'aet.ically on top ,,f th<? Hst.

t:AQO, a;; the star 1.>1 the tests, deserves n furthPr d,cscription. Photographs of it nre inwrspersed ;:hrouout this articie. ft L, owned by Clive B. Meredith, of ''Fern­\Youd/' (.'.'.azelHJViaf N. YH near :Svraeuse. and was built 'lvith i:ht' a:;sistanc~ of .J: B";dward Page, who i,, its chief ,,perator.

as a center to a circle of short poles sur­rounding the station at a distance of about a hundred feet, glazed purcelain insula­tion being used thruout. The station also has an elaborate ground system of radially­lnu·ied metal 8trips which eome together in a wf'll in the center of the cellar floor, but this has been abandoned in favor nf the counterpoise. Cc111stants of the system are not known to us, but the naturar period fa over 200 meters and the operating ·,,vave of 208 meters is secured hv the LlSe of. n. .".<'·i'ie;, ,;,)ndenser, :so it is 'nrobable that rhe r,;diation l'esistanee and· the ·rll.diared energy are both relatively high.

'f'he ,,tal:ion building .itself is a peach. Giass •·abinets house thP i,,:,si iahoratory I:pparatus obtainable, and no amateur could

wish for better fortune than to be locked into this ,c;tation and li?ft for a week-he'd forget about eat-ing. Long wave receivers, sh<Jrt wave .regenerators, a super-heter­odyne, two Beverage Wires, Juice un the powe!' board in all varieties of frequencies and voltages, wave meters and standards, haif a dozen transmitters. Some ;1tation,

Commercial electricity ii; not available, so it is "made" on the spot. A 2~£, k.w. Deleo outfit run­ning on kerosene charges a bank of the heaviest lead-plate storage batteries giving 110 volts. All i1f the 1:~euerators and alternators at this · station are thus run from

The otation building- at SAQO. On the main tloor are the batteries, a work-shop, and a hot-air furnace. The dog• office .ttnd nperatin.w room, while downstairs are the stot"age house" contains the two Delco outfits w hlch charge the batteries. Note the radial counterpoise in particular.

ll0v .. D.C., and even the power­tube filaments are heated from a 10@0 A.H. ,;torage battery. 'l'he poor charger averages about 7 hours a day in operating season!

The close-up of 8AQO tells most

A. young Rureau of Standards, it is sur­passed in sheer magnitude by <IZO alone, as far al'\ we know. At this -station Mr. Meredith has 8AQO, which will be described in detail; SXH, a fi00-cyde I.C.W. set using a single 1 k.w. Radiotron; 8BSS, a 15-watt n.c. set which also got over nicely, and W MAC, a low-powered broadcasting set.

In an ideal location on quite high ground, beautifully in the open, 8AQO appeals to us as the hest amateur transmitter we have ever seen, if size and power and general magnitude are to count. The radiating :system is a thing of beauty, reminiscent of lBCG c:,f last year except that it has a fi-wire flat-top T aerial. The short flat­top is hung hE-tween two 100-ft. masts, which are placed several hundred feet apart i:o keep the guys as much as possible out of the field. A 6-wire vertical portion drops .:from the center of t.he fiat-top, the wires joining into a rat-tail just above the sta­\t.ion, which is a •specially-built bungalow midway between the masts. A radial cotmterpoise radiates from the station roof

of the story. The set is l.!.rranged on a table 5l't in front of a ~.witchboard from which "juice" of any desired sort is available. Three 250-watt U.V.204's in parallel, vnth D.C. on the plates, are •~(Jn­nected in a tuned Hartley oscillator drcuit, which in turn is inductively coupled to the antenna circuit. This will be dearer after a study of the schematic diagram.

Quite a few transocean messages were handled with Europe about the time of the tests. 5WS was copied by several ama­teurs sending greetings to America, :!ZK's message of b'Teetings to the city of Rochelle, France, from his town of New Rochelle was copied in France, and 8AQO was copied in France with "Merry Christmas and Happy New Year." But the prize goes to Irving Vermilya, the w.k. New England Division Manager, ·whose sta­tion lZE put over 14 messages totalling ;rn5 words to Manchester, England, one night. There ,,vas no schedule: it just hanpened. It seems that "YN" was giving a 'rnlk on radio before a g·athering of

·February, 1923 QST 19

business men in New Bedford and told them of the wonderful accomplishments of amateur radio. They didn't believe him, and Su Le ,.,11c0red 1.>n the spot to Iak2 ;, message for England from each of them, and deliver it. 'There were 150 present, but only l.4 messages were finally secured. Vennilya's iog tells the rest of the story:

"Dec. 12, i 1 :!35 P.M. Moved dips on tuning inductance, started up hig generator for tirst time with full load. Increased voltage on same and when t-he field re­sistance was ail out, she kicked out 2,-100 volts. Opened lightning switch, held key down. Radiated 12 amperes. •ro(,k wave length--·showed 2lHJ meters. Shut down and rhang;ed dips. Started up again and pressed key. This time it showed 18 am­peres, and 2:::!5 meters. Started to call '-Engiish :!KW," ,;dgning "Yankee lZE" &nd "Messages-here 14 messages.'' Called for four minutes and then shot the mes­sages one at a time, words once, sending s!o,vly and carefully. After :37 minutes finished t.l"ansmission and shut down, «sking for a cable QtlL."

'fhe :next <lay the cable acknowiedgment i;.rrived, saying ''Manchester, Eng­land-'\,' ermilya Marion Mass USA --All your messages .received-·a great .;tunt-· •:signed) Burne."

Perfectly simple, isn't it'! Con­gratulations a11yhow, Vermilya and Burne-•-Y•JU made history that night.

Who said spark"? way-

"Day by day, in every

lBGF got tired of ealiing "Test" and built himself an automatic transmitter, shown in our illustration. Altho hurriedly a;;sembled from a ''Meccano" or similar toy set, it is an ingenious contrivance and served the purpose very well. An electric motor drives a paper strip thru electric eontacts placed in the key chcuit. In this paper strip have been cut blanks to form the continental for "Test de lBGF 1BGF," and by the simple proce:,;;; of 1duing the ends of t.he tape together the transmission of this call wa;s made eontinuous at any desired speed. lBGF made both countries on this ''\Vheatstone.''

We were very glad to :<ee Porto Rican ,JOI get over. Rexach had luck-both bad and good. In his prep:xrations for the tests he burned out five of his six [iO­watters. He started up with the remain­ing single tube on t: : lirst night of the tests but it lasted only five minutes and

'£he :;.et at lZE consists of three 250-watt Radiotrons havmg a com­bined normal output of 750 watts, the power supplied by a 2000-volt 1500-watt D.C. generator. We are not sure of the hook-up hut be­lieve it is inductively coupled to the antenna in somewhat the man­ner of 8AQO. The key is p1aced in the high-voltage line-ct big Clapp-Eastham key with 10 mfds. of Nmdenser atross it to IH'event ardng. l'he antenna is .1.00 ft. high at the top, of 54 ft. spread, containing 22 wires 110 ft. long, and supported 65 ft. high at the station end. An insulated counter­poise under the aerial contains 50 wires 100 1't. long. Total resist­:rnce at 375 meters measured as 4

The station bungalow at 8AQO-Cazenovia has a cozy little combination of office, lounge and bunkroorn for the convenience of the ops.

ohms; re~istance at 225 meters not known. Vermilya is one of those who were

bothered hy miserable QRM and CQ-ing tiuring the listening period. He says he wishes he had l,272 freight cars full of Wouff-Hongs, Rettysnitches, ohm-saws, and dynamite, and could get a chance to get these QRM birds out in the Sahara Desert where there would be lots of room to chase '.:•m around and throw things at 'em. Hi!

As far as we are aware, not a single spark station got over to Europe. 315 to 0,

then it too was gone. Yet in those five minutes he had been logged twice in Eng­land, and so is happy.

We are advised that Mr. Eschausier, the Holland amateur who heard 1BCG last vear, has been successful in l"Opying eight Americans this year, but we haven't the call letters.

In the early days of the tests Dr. Corret repeatedly reported ONX &ml OMX (zero neomi xavier, not octave neomi xavier) as heard in France. This puzzled us mightily.

20 QST February, 1923

Who among us had so rotten a fist as that 't The reports eontinued to arrive. Then the doetor cancelled them, advising these were Holland stations. But i.f Holland stations, v.rere they amateurs? Evidently they were on :;oo meters, and evidently their corre­spondence was of amateur nature. The oniy idea we have is that perhaps the Dutch amateurs wanted in on the tests, and know­ing that the U.S. districts are numbered from I to 9, chose O as their numeral. Hi! Too bad, too, when we were figuring on try­ing to get O for Cuba when she opens up. But now we're even more puzzled to get a letter from the seeretary of the Dutch eociety, the N.V.V.R.T., complaining bitter­ly against the interference caused them in listening for America by British ONX ·w·orking to British 2A W, Wakefield, Eng. Now we don't know at all.

The big commercial stations normally operate at a good dip, and sent our daily reports slowly especially for us amateurs. WSO had quite a tussle on the third night with UFT, who was demanding that he step on the gas and QRQ. In repeating back Corret's message WSO broke twice to say, by hand, ''UFT de WSO vse take this 'rC at this :.,peed, then faster." Hi!

How do we know that lots of ,~tations 1-,"0t over'! A chap in Pennsylvania wires us asking we telegraph him collect a Ust of the transatlantic stations. 'rhe 'rraffic Manager figured out that if he meant a list o[ those -getting over, the charges would be about $56; and that if he wanted a list of those transmitting, he might g<>et it for sbout $20,000. He decided to wait for this issue of QST.

Messrs .. Burne and Cash, of Manchester, England, were among the star listeners. Writing several days before the end of their listening period, they reported having heard about 170 different American ama­teurs, from every district, over 100 of whom had been heard during the Finals. Of the latter, about 50 had been copied with code words. Fine work, OMs. They report 2EL readable on voice, too. That makes three amateur phones that got over: 2EL, 2ZK, and 2XAP.

Additional Reports ~ince the compiling of the foregoing re­

ports some additional lists have come in . Crom American i:;hip operators who listened in on the gang. BBYP, operating aboard KDQD, mails us the :following from Ham­burg-, <:opied i',n a Reinartz tuner.

Dec. 12th, off Land's End, England. Following, ,:ode letters verified: l AKG, :!.BCG, 1QP, 2ZK, 2CQZ, 2ZL, 2EL, 2BMJ;,, 2UD, 2AYV. :uuu, 3BNU, gzz, 8CG, i;XM, :3BIJ, ~AQO, 8BPL, BZN, Canadian

llA°\V Duncan. Working DX or testing: lAJP, 1BAS, 1CMK, 1OR, 1CIV, lZE with messages for E:ngland, 2KL, 2.BLF, 2LO, 2GI, 2ZK, 2ZS, ;JBG, :JAQR, tlXM, SUE, 8SP, 8FQ, 8BK, SCJH, 8AL'r.

Dec. 13th, off Southampton, End. Fol­lowing with codes verified: 1ZE, 2GR, 2AWL, ilBLF, 3ZW, 8AXC, Can. t• AL Russell. Working DX or test: lXU, lBRQ, 1ZE with Engiish messages, 1CMK, 2FP, 2ZS, 2.AWF, 2EL, 3ZW, 3BG, 3XM, 8AWP, SAKG, SAL'r, 9BED.

Dec. 14th, in North Sea, off Belgian coa,;t. Codes verified: lZE, 2AWL, 2XAP. DX or testing: l.XU, lGV, IZE, lCMK, 1BDT, lOR, 2FP, 2GR, 2BKT, 2CJN, 2AWL, 3AFB, 3XM, ,fYA, 6YC reception doubtful, 8A'rU, 8AIW, 8VQ, 8AQO.

These lists contain verification of the codes of several uew stations. Among them is 1QP. Suppose it took a Reinartz tuner to hear him. Hi!

And as if that isn't enough, along comes Dave Cawman, remembered by the Ancients as "NV," and sends us a string of calls a yard long, incidentally sending copies of three of JZE's messages ··which he ,~opied QRK while on the S.S. "Liberty" off Lizard in the English Channel, about 3000 miles l'ast of Hoboken. Space permits us to reeord only the reception that is all the way across:

Dec. 13th and 14th. Codes verified: 1 ZE, l.BDI, 2.AWL. 2XAP, 3ZW, 8:XE, SATU. DX or testing: lZE on me::isages to Eng­land, 1XU, lCMK, 2ZK, ?FP, 2AWF, 3XM, 8AFB. lZE best station, 1BDI second best.

And now, if we're going to have anything else in this issue of QST, we must bring this story to an end. More next month.

Two Hundred Flat The Radio Inspector came to town the other

day, And wavelengths took a tumble in the

most amazing way. I visited the station of a radio "op" I

know, Who begged that I should wait a bit, and

hear his tale of woe. Said he, "No doubt yon wonder why 1.

'iook so pale and weak. It's due to strangulation of the wave­

length, so to speak . With just two amperes in the eage the way

she worked was fine, But that was ·when my wavelength was

about two twenty-nine. She still kicks out the amperes, but there's

nothing much to that. I ean't work anybody now, I'm on two

hundred fiat.

.February, 1923 '

QST 21

l us .. d to work a bunch of nines, and daiite stuff with eights.

That little old C.W. set's been heard in forty states.

I have a good location, my antenna is a peach,

It isn't that it doesn't work, I know it's got the reach,

But l'm smothered in harmonics, the broadcasts furnish that.

My sigs 'ain't what they used to be,' I'm on two hundred flat.

I used to handle traffic with a kick that knocked 'em dead.

I'd clear the hook each evening before I went to bed.

They all would tell me 'QSA,' when I was working them,

Rut now, I only hear that same old "Sorri, QRM.'

It's had enough to make the Old Man spit upon his cat.

I cannot handle traffic now, I'm on two hundred flat.

I haven't seen a card in weeks, I haven't worked a soul,

I'm feeling like a nervous wreck, my traffic's in a hole.

There's only one solution which can ever save the day, ·

'fhey ought to pass the Wavelength Bill, and do it right away.

F'or I'll bet K. B. ·warner a frock coat against his hat,

That he couldn't handle traffic on two hundred meters flat.

-Wm. S. Creighton.

C. 1W. Reception with the Super-Regenerator By Leon W. Bishop, 1 XP

-Third Prize Winner in QST's Contest-

WE read Mr. ·warner's article on ''Radio Frequency A.mplification" :in the September (}ST and feel sure that he hit the nail on the head, as we have experienced

with R.F. for several years. It is not a case of what R.F. can be made to do, but how reasonably can we construct a set that will stand back of our transmitter on these clear winter nights .

. We have tried out many Super circuits, including several fine ones from QST, and finally decided upon the one we present here. This circuit is not well adapted to ::WO-meter hroadcast reception but will pro­duce real amplification on C.W. or spark on :300 meters.

'rhose who have used the Eaton Oscilla­tor circuit will admit that it is a continuous and energetic o:,;cillator at low frequencies, so why not use this as a base for our super drcuit by inserting our short-wave coils, using the Eaton drcuit for the variation frequency? It works great; Just try it.

This circuit is a case wherein the positive a11d negative resistances are varied simul­taneously and where the variation-fre­quency energy remains at about the same value over H large range of filament brilliancy. It is possible to pprform the heterodyning, rectifying and amplifying all in the one tube, but the control of ns­eillation at the incoming radio frequency is v,:.ry eritical and we have found that a separate heterodyne aids a ;;reat deal in a.mrlification and H0lec>tivity. Likewise, ,vhen the set oscillates at a radio frequency

as well as at a variation frequency, it be­comes a low-powered transmitter and radi­ates the radio frequency on which are superimposed all the howls and squeals and harmonics which are the accompaniment of super operation. For these reasons we shall describe later in this paper a practical heterodyne not only for this circuit but also for general use in 200-meter work.

•rhe limit of amplification obtainable with the super-regenerator seems to be governed by the tube characteristics, as we have obtained increasing amplification with higher plate voltages up to 350 volts. We tried using one stage of R.F. amplification hut accomplished nothing except a re­duction of QRN.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the super­regenerator. We made the resistance R of carbon grid leaks connected in series and tapped to the contacts of a switch so that the variation frequency could be ehanged on short notice. Fine adjustments of the resistance were made by rubbing a soft lead pencil on the grid leaks. 'fhe con­densers C, and e., should have a capacity of about .001 mfd. and if possible should be of mica, 'tho very good results were ob­tained with paper condensers. 'rhe grid condenser should be of mica and have a canacity of about .00025 mfd. The grid leak :shunting Jt may consist of a pencil line with a resistance of about 7 niegohms. It is best to start with too much resistance and lower it until the tube stops howling. H, is a 6-volt storage battery. The battery IJ, may have a voltage from 30 to 800 but

22 QST February, 1923

with ordinary tubes a maximum signal strength will be obtained wi-th from 4ll to 60 vofos. 'fhe condenser C may Yary from .001 to .005 mfd. Increasing its eapacity cuts down both the reC'eived signal and the strength of the variation frequency, as heard in the phones. The <.choke, I, keeps the radio and variation frequencies out of the phones to some extent. It is a spark­coii secondary used without a core. 'rhe variometer L; :,,hould be capable uf tuning the plate circuit to waves below 200 meters.

1:==1

~

::::J/' n.

/?

+ -wNJWI 1,1,1, Bl

Many makes of variometers are not suit­able iweause thPy are built for !!!30-meter work. L, is the lo-op, which should be vari­able by turns. For marked directional• effects a tapped coil should be connected across the condenser C.,, which is a .0005 variable, and a loop containing 12 or 15 turns on a B-ft.-square frame used as a collector. The variometer L, may then be replaced by a fi0-turn honeycomb coil coupled to the tapped coil as a tickler.

We have found a great variation in am­plifier tubes and. a variety may have to be tested before good results are obtained. If a soft detector tube is used, excessive plate voltage must be avoided.

Several permanent adiustments must be made before the set is ready for use. '.rhese are: the proper value for the resistance R;

the B battery voltage; the value of the grid­leak G; and the number of turns in the loop L,. ]!'or spark and phone receptioB. the value of R should be low and the fila­ment brilliancy high. For autodyne C.W. reception the value of R should be high and t.he filament brilliancy somewhat lower. As the filament brilliancy ls lowered or the plate and grid circuits thrown slightly out of resonance, the tube tends to break into oscillation at radio frequency, since the ,.-ariation-frequeucy energy is no longer suflicient to prevent this.

As previously mentioned, however, auto­dyne reception of C.W. signals is not to be recommended on th.; super-regenerator and it is decidedly preferable to use a c;eparate heterodyne as shown in B'ig. 2. Here's a chance t;o Lise that soft detect-Or tube and about ;JO volts of old B battery. The grid leak G· should have a resistance of about % megohm and the grid condenser c:, a capacity of ahout .00025 mfd. The condenser C., is a .0005 variable. L, is a 40-turn honeycomb toil and L, a Bd-turR honeycomb; the e(.mpling between these coils o-hould be fixed. The adjustment of the condenser C, determines the wave­length at ,vhid1 the heterodyne oscillates, ·while the filament brilliancy and plate voltage ccmtrol the energy of the oscilla­tions. '.rhe heterodyne should be operat.ed on a separate A-battery in order to avoid putting .. too much heterodyne energy into the super drcuit. No direct coupling i3 required; thP heterodyne need only be set on the table near the super.

'.!'he heterodyne can be ,:alibrated by bringing a wave meter equipped with a detector and head-set near the coil L, and adjusting th!' wave-meter condenser until a ,.:·lick is heard i.n the phones. This eiick indicates that the wave-meter has come into resonance with the heterodyne and has stopped the oscillations of the latter by E•nergy absorption. If two clicks are heard, the coupling between the heterodyne and wave-meter should he loosened.

A line for the music fan who must have the best part of the evening. In li"igure 1, increase the number of turns in the loop, use a standard variometer, and reduce the value of the fixed condenser C,, and presto! you hear those uice talks on house furnish­ing and ancient history.

"\Ve have got our best results on a 32-inch-square loop, spirally wound with 24 turns spaced ½ inch. Only the first 8 or 9 turns, on the outside of the loop, are used in the tuned circuit. The unused turns of the loop beyond the point A are allowed to act as an antenna; and better results were obtained when the point H wu grounded.

In a preliminary test the following sta­tions were heard at 1XP: !~TS, 2AJ~ 2B.JI,, 2BXP, 3AFB, 3AQR, 3ALN, 3BIJ, :rnoB. ,rnx., 1BQ, 5EK, 5AAM, 5EG, 5BY.

--February, t923 QST 23

GKG, i\ZG, 8BUX, SAHR, 8BJV, 8CTN, 8BO, l5AWZ, 8AXN. 8XE, 8BFT, 8QK, 8SB, 8BCY, 8IB, 8CNW, 8BTR, 8ZZ, 8BRR, 8AIM, 8AGK, 8BLT, 8VY, 8BCY, 8CMI, 8GDL, HBCB, \JAPS, 9BED, t)UU, 9PN, 9AW, IHI, 9AL, 9ANY, 9XL, 9DCG, 9KM. Most of these stations came in as loud as 1BKQ, lABY and lGV, who are received v.ith terrific intensity on our regular de­teetor and two-stage. QRN was noticeably eut down and QRM was about the ;;ame. \Ve feel that the super has it all ,,ver our regular s,et and are making room for its

permanent installation. The circuit does not come up to our expectations on spark­it is sensitive to spark signals but not selective. On C.W. it is very selective yet easy to tune. Another thing of interest to us is the fine daylight results we have obtained. Such stations as 1.ADN, 1CMK, lCHJ, 1BK!::.l, lCPN, lBNT, 1AZL, and lCSO are not increased at all, Lut 2AWF and 2ANM are much louder than on our regular set, and we hear many 2's, 3's and S's that ,·annot be gut at all with l•Ur standard set.

The Hearings 011 the White Bill By Hiram Percy Maxim

/>'resident .. ·1merican Radio Relay League

F-,(JR the b;,neiit of thostJ uf us amateurs who cannot keep in ciose touch with legislative matters, it might be well to run over the high spots in the present .radio bill now pending in

Congress. It is known as- "The White Bill," because

it was introduced by Congressman White ef Maine. This bill ·was drawn up as a· r.c,sult of the "Radio Conference" that was held in Washington last spring. The writer, representing the amateurs, was invited by Secretary of Commerce Hoover to be a member of this conference. The big obJects of the contemplated legis­lation, when 'everything is boiled down to the last analysis, are to give mo're wave lengths for broadcasting, so that broadcast­ing can grow and expand and perform the service that it should, and also to give to ihe Secretary of Commerce sufficient authority to properly regulate radio in the 'United States. The bill was drawn up by a }egal committee appointed from the mem­bers of the conference.

When the bill was finally completed, our A.R.R.L. Board of Direction sat down and took up the question of what their attitude shouid be regarding the proposed law. It was a long session, that first one, because the Board felt that this new legislation might be a very serious thing. It was finally decided to employ expert legal counsel and to ask our Mr. Chas. H. Stewart to go to work with this counsel, ztudy the hill from the amateur standpoint, and bring in a report.

This was done and there was another all-night session of the Board. The recom­mendations of Mr. Stewart and his counsel were taken up and viewed from every angle. A lot of new points were developed and the ·whole matter was referred hack to Mr. Stewart and his counsel for further study and report. After another six weeks .:,f work, the revised report was brought in by Mr. Stewart, and the R,)ard of Direction

went into another long session. A few additional improvements were made and we finally had the A.R.R.L. attitude toward the ''White Bill." As I look back over the months of study, and the number of people who gave their best thought and hours of their time to this perplexing subject, I <!annot. help marvelling at the enthusiasm and splendid spirit which this effort in­dicates.

The conclusions of the Board were my orders, and I worked them up with the help of Mr. Stewart, and when the Hearing came, on J'an. 2d I presented the amend­ments which are set forth elsewhere in this issue of QST. (See page 2,i.-Ed.)

It is instructive to consider the effect upon outsiders of the way we do things. It gives us a very good line upon our standing in the eyes of the general public, which is a matter of the very great­est importance. My test was a very good one, fo1· I had to present our amateur case to Congressmen, Naval officers, Army officers: our staunch old friends the Bureau of Navigation, Department of Commerce; and some twenty others who represented a wide variety of public interests. Before this varied audience our case appeared to win distinct favor. One could not escape the conclusion that we organized amateurs have commanded the respect of the general public. It seems to be the idea that we have business like methods, good American virility, a clear and also a broad vision, and that we know what we want and how to ask for it.

Since the Hearing, I have thought quite a bit. about this public opinion matter and I must say that we are eertainly very fortunate in that our Board of Direction and our individual personnel have so con­ducted A.R.R.L. affairs as to have ac­quired this enviable position in the public mind. Now, if we can "carry on" and keep the same broad-minded and unselfish viewpoint, we shall t:~1mtinue to grow and enjoy even greater measures of public re-

i.,ped and e?nfidence. Our loyalty to our c,mntry ann our loyalty to our .\.R.R.L. have built us a foundation of ,;olid rock. ~ thou~ht S(1veral times as I stood there ~1:1 the Halls of. i'.,ongress, answering ques­tions and pleactmg the cause oi' the 1\meri­ei~n .~mateur, that any man eould well be prouct to serve ai, a representative of such an organization as the American Radio Hel:iy League. 'l'here is only ,:,n.:, wav to 1;,xpres~ this t::pirit here in 'the page~ of good old (J8'T, arni that is-- PB VY OM!

7~, (18 lAW.

STATEMENT OF HIRAM PERCY MAXIM AT THE HEARING ON H.R.11964,

JAN. 2, 1923.

My nam., i,- Hiram !'er<'y Maxim. My residence is Hartford, I \nm. My o,·,·upa­tion is president of the Maxim ::iilencer Co. of Hartford,. Conn. I represent the American Radio Relay League, a national, non-u,mn1Prc·ial organization or amateur radio t,:,legraphers. ·

Before sug:i,sting t<"rtain amendments tc, this bi!!, l desire to :siate the position which the American rndio mnateur occupies in our eountry. ·

A.s to the Value of the Radio Amateur in l'ime of War or Public Peril

The American amateur believes he repre­sents a valuable national a;;set, which should he protected and encouraged. 'l'he value to t.he country or hundreds of loyal young Americans ·who vmre skilled in radio cvmmunication and who ·were masters of the International Morse Code was fully demonstrated in the recent World War. In future wars, or public perils, he believes he ean be of (•ven g-reater value to his eountry in view of the fact that manv hun­dreds of him are now war veterans who have had the advantage of militarv radio !:ra~nirw i~ th~ Nav~, A!my, Marine C~,rps, ,-.na Air hm·vice. .I! urtnermore, he wIShes to point out thai; in (H'de1· to increase his vnlue he i;; at work at the present time in his nationai organization, upon the devl?lop­ment of a system by means of which it 1s hoped that the military• ~ervices oi' the Government may be able t.o kPep in inti­mate touch with mnateur radio traffic, to influence the character of this traffic, ·and becc,me possessed f,f the actual name:,; and addresses of expert onrators, and of those youths who give pro1nise of becoming ex­pert operators and who will reach the age of twenty-one as the JPars pass.

In view of all this, the American ama­teur believes that the amendments to this bill. which h~ has to offer should be given serious consideration. As to th" Influence of the Radio Amateur

in the Development of the Radio Art 'fhe American amateur, under the law

of 1912, was given limitations as to power,

wav~. lf'ngth and decremt>nt, ,vbkh wne cuns!dered by t.he framers oi the .law as placmg the amatPur under such a handicap that he \Yould never he able to reai:h ,,ni; far enough to make :my trouble with ,.,,,.n­mercial and military ,.:ommuniration. T·he hanrlicaps VNre ('omddered suffic·iPnt to nre­vent h1s . ,;ignals from r<caehing betond a matter ,:if a mile ,.,r i:wn.

By ten yPn rs of intemdve :,turly, patient research and ,,pu(h-making invPntinn, he }ia8 today produc1:•d ~hort ,vave radio T,r·ans­mitting and receiving ,i.pparatus which en­ables him to reaeh out into the l:.ho1rnands of mi]p;s and eover a ecrntin,mt whn·,. it ?:a~ thou~h!, ~·,e .. ·\\'(,.1..t'id oniy tovt?r R <:h.y square. Befoi-e the World War the Ameri­ean am'.1teur had adually developed a radio relay ,.ystem whfrh .,,:tended ;.ieross tht> American continent :from ('r,ast: "" eoa:;t. At the time the war -:allt>d him from his work he had organized his J:eUows and rnvered the 1:ntire country with a net­work of iirnateur lines. Messa;,·",; wP,e handled at the rate of S!!V!'ral h1i;,:dreds ra night, ann they rear:hed into i,verv Stat~ of the Union. •·

Since the World War. this dev,,lopment has increased tenfold and citizen radio traf­fic is now b0ing dispatched at the rate of nver fi0,000 messages a month, and the Dominion of Canada, the Island of Porto Rico, and the Hawaiian Islands haw, b<>Pn taken in. They are no farther awav · to t.he nmateur in Portland, Maine, ur in Little Hock, .\ rkansas, than is Baltimore from Washington. Within the past few weeks I my;;elf, scatt>rl in my library in Hartford. Conn .. have communicated for half an hour at a time with a friend on the Island of Maui, - Hawaiian islands, with une :rdav at Sleepy Eye, Minn. On one oecasion ·1 told my friend Dow in Wailuku that it was f:i :18 A,M. Wednesdav morning in Hartford and that the ea~i.<:>rn ,,kv '· was getting gray. He told me it was 11 ::15 P.M: 'ruesday ntgbt with him. r wa;; talking with a man by dot and dash who was in sesterday. To bring the record up to the minute, ten-day two-way transatlantic am­ateur communication demonstration;; hav,,. Just been complated within the past two days, in which it has been ,-,hown that American, British, French, Dutch and 8wiss amatenrs only rlieed i)Ur /1.merican organization to t•stablish regular two-way international private eommunication. In other words, the close of the year W~::! has seen the .A.meric1rn amateur so deVf•lop the art of short wave communication that thP limitations set in the year H/12 to h,,ld him to a mile or two have not been able to hold him in the Western Hemisphere.

These wonderful achievements have been accomplished under the protection of the law of 1912, which although it limited our power and our wave length, gave us pro­tectien and insured our existence. r.t would indeed he a pity were we to pai;s a new

February. Hl23 <,JS T 25

law which wouid remove this proteetion fend this insurance.

rhe contributions to the art made by radio amateurs has not been fully told with­out a reference to their far-reaching dfed in .,_,ther countries. .1£uropean amateurs have !lot Pnjoyed liberai laws in the past. 'rhe exhibition made by American amateurs in r.he \Var. :wd the achievements made ,1i11ce tht! War, hav"' awakened other e"untries to the· Yalue ,:,f the radio ama­teur. The re:mlt has hPen that the laws of Canada, England and France hav"' been moditied aHd regular iuternational ama­

·teur cnmmunication is a thing nf the im-mediate futurP.

Therefore we say, that if the American c,mateur ,nay euntmue to have prote,:tion and ctwouragement, he ,:an he i:•.>Unted upon (!V(•l1tually ti, 1:,ring- the private eitizens of 1111 dvilized nations ,,f the earth into free and unrestricted eummuni­cation with each other. The political value to humanity (!f such an aehievement ;,an­not be ,,ver-estimated.

As to the Financial Advantages which the Am,iteur offers

'.rhere are at the µresent time yery dose to 16,000 l.icensed amateur transmitting ,;tations in the United States. If it is a fact that each 1,f these 16,000 licensed am­ateur transmitting ,stations spends :~50 in a year nn his station, it is piain that these amateurs hav" purchased $X00,00IJ worth of supplies. There are rea:,;ons to believe that ~;50 is too low an average, because WP. know of many amateurs whose expenditures run into the thousands of dollars. If, how­ever, we make the average $100 per station, we c;pe that the ,\ merican radio amateurs spend :i:l,tlOU,000 pel' annum. It would seem as though he were worth having around for this reason alone.

As to the Attitude of the Amateur Towards this Bill

The :\_merican amateur has had reason in thr, past to view radio bills with con­cern. Whether intentionally or not, bills have been introduced into ( :ongress which wouid have made it possible for an un­friendly officiai to abolish amateur radio by a :;troke of the pen. In order to protect himself, and in spite of his demonstrated value to his tountry, he has been com­pelled to organize nationally. 'rhis ama­teur r:adio ori.anization, of which the sp<'akcr has the honor t.o he President, is as ,,tfident as amateur radio apparatus. l t is known as the American Radio Relay League, Inc. This League has had this proposed bill earefully analyzed from the amateur standpoint. 'fhis analysis has d,weloped six places where, if the amateur iti to have his existence assured, the bill :,;hould be amended.

1n submitting these six amendments, and two corrections of what are probably in-

ad,ertensies in the µreparation of the bill, the amateur asks that it be distinctly understood that he realizes that he is I.mt one of many interests which should have adequate prote .. tion and c·ncourage.ment. He ieels that the existing Jaw of Hllll is (mdrely satisfactory to him, as an amateur, as the aceumplishments of the last ten yf'ars so eloquentiy demonstrate; and that in spite of this fad he recognizes that im­proved legislation is desirable for the ;;ood L•t us all, and that i'or this rpason he is glad to lend his aid in developing some­thing modern.

in presenting his eight amendments, the amateur feels that he ,,,hould ,,mphasize this fact of his willingness and his desire to be broad-minded and unsel.tish. because 11P has sutfered s8ve1·ely and unJustly of late from crit.ic-ism born of ignorance. The amateur has been hlamed by the new hroad­i'.ast listener, who is looking :.!most solely fur transient entertainment, for every form of interference from ~,tatic to faulty street lamps, and from :J50-meter ,·ummercial shipping to navy arc ;;ets. He has been patient under this ignonmt criticism in the 1,.,Jief that it was a duty he owed the com­mon ..-ause, aud that il would eventually correct itself. The amateur furthermore believf's he is justified upon this (H.,casion in pointing out to this eummittee and those present Lhat he has gone so far in his pfforts to be unselfish, and fair and square, as to temporarily relinquish the best hours out of the :! 1 bo that the broadcast listener may have quiet air :,;o far as the amateur could control the air; and this, tiotwith­standing the fact that his Government license gives the amateur every right to use his transmitter. The American Radio Relay League has for several month past urged ::dl amateurs thruout the United States who own transmitters to refrain from using them between the hours of 7 !'.M. and 10 :30 P.M., local time, every night in the ,.veek thruout thP year. 'rhis rule is very generally followed. [t is mentioned 11Pre as a eoncrete example, typical of ama­tn1r methods. .All the amateur asks in l'eturn for this is equally fair and reason­ahlP treatment.

The Pronosed Amendments and the Reasons for Them

Section I, pag:e 1, line 10. The word "commercial" to he inserted after the word "of," :,o that the line will read, "telegraphy or telephony as a means of commercial in­tercourse.'·'

Our reasons are as follows: this entire bill, as well as the Act of August 13, 1912, is built upon the power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce. The word "cummercial" is a part of the Act which this bill seeks to amend. 'fhe power of Con­gress is derived from Section 8 of Article l of the Constitution of the United States~

QST February, 1923

which :refers to regulating commerce with foreign nations, among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes. There exists no other power in the Congress to regulate radio communication, except, of <-ourse, the war puwer 1,1f Congress. Therefore our reasons for inserting the word ''c,ommer­dal." So :far as amateur interests are eoncerned, whether this word is included or omitted i;; not vital. 'l'he noint is offered because i.t has been brought out by our study and we eonsider it our duty to indicate h.

Section 1B, paj?;e :!, line ll. /tfter the words "reauired therein" there be inserted the following dause: "including amateur (•r n:rivate 8.iations.'' ·

(iur rea$(,n for this :;mendment is as follows: as the section stands, it is not

applicant therefor a station license pro­vided for in Sections 1 and 2, hereof, and, r,;,:cepting amateur or private stations, that he may grant such license only to a station which is in the interest of the general public service."

Our reason for this ls as follows: it would be a simple matter to interpret "gen­eral public service" as excluding the ama­·teur, for the reason that it might be argued that his operation serves no direct and immediate pubiic service. Such an in­t.,:,rpretation makes .it pos:oible to withhold a ~.t;ation license from a ,vorthy amateur applirant f,r to eancel ali amateur station ikPnses. This is m,t fair or just to the amateurs of the country, and we hope nothing uiterior is intended in this peculiar wording. We beiieve we are justified in

''''

December in Review West Coast amateur signals heard in Chinese and Japanese waters.

British and French amateur signals heard in the United States for the first time in history.

'fhree hundred and sixteen different United States and Canadian amateurs heard in Europe, the signals being reported from Britain, France, Holland, and Belgium. ·

H6,885 free citizen messag·es handled by our Operating Department, a new record.

An American amateur station puts 14 messages across the Atlantic to England without a repeat.

California amateur signals heard on the Atlantic Coast in daylight.

What More---!

incumbent upon the Seaetary of Com­merce to make any provision for an ama­t.eur dass. An unfriendly Secretary Gf Commerce could take advantage of this to c•liminate amateur radio whenever the spirit so moved him. It is believed that this broad power is unnecessary and un­American, and that no hardships would be worked to anybody by giving the amateur this protection.

Section 2C, page fi, line 15. That the words "amateur or private stations" be inserted on line 15, and the word ''except" ehanged to "excepting," so that this sec­tion ,;hall read: ;;C. That the Secretary nf Cnmmerce. ;;ubiect to the limitations of thi,; A<~t. in his discretion, may grant to any

asking for the protection which our amend­ment gives.

Section 4B, page 11, line 17. The words ''or amateur" be inserted after the word "private" and before the word "stations," and also the words "and sixteenth" inserted after the ·word "fifteenth." 'I'he word "regulation" should then he changed to "regulations." "

Our reasons for this amendment are as follows: this amendment is obviously neces­sary if reference is had to the original Act of 1912. Leaving out the sixteenth regul­Jation wa;; probably an oversight in the drafting of this new bill.

Section 5, page 12, line 13. 'rhis section provides for an advisory committee. We

February, 1923 QST 27'

suggest that after the words "government service" there should be added the sentence "or affiliated directly or indirectly in the manufact\il:re, sale, transmission or opera­tion of radio telegraphy or telephony for financial profit."

Our .':easun for this amendment is as follows: if the membership of this ad­vifmry <'Ommittee is made up of lawyers and tonsulting engineers of eompanies finandally interested in radio, it is un­avoidable that the retommendations of these members should be eulored in the interest of their dients. fn our own ama­teur organization we have laid it down as a basic principle that our policies shall not be decided nor influenced by any commer­cial affiliations of any kind, and we have found that this principle has been a very wise one indeed. We believe that it wi.11 be equally wise in this case. That has nothing to do with amateurs but is a sug­gestion that our study developed.

Section 'i, page 13, line 18. That the word "not" he stricken out. Our reason for this amendment is as follows: when this section is read in conjunction with the fifteenth regulation in the Act of 1912, it will be apparent that, a double negative would exist unless the word "not" is eliminated. We believe no explanation be­yond this is necessary, as it was of euurse an oversight to make use of a double negative. ··

Section 7, µage 13, line 20. 'rhere should be added after the words "two hundred seventy-five meters" the dause "provided, that SecrPtary of Commerce shall classify the transmitting apparatus used by ama­teur. private or non-commercial stations, and shall assign within the limits provided in this seetion such bands of wave lengths

to these several types of transmitting ap­paratus as he may deem proper."

Our reasons for this amendment are as. follows: we believe the Secretary of Com­merce should have the power to classify• the types of apparatus to be used by ama­teurs in the bands between 150 and 275. meters. We believe it to be to the general interest of all 1concerned to keep spark transmitters to low wave lengths, indeed if not to discourage their use altogether, The above amendment would give to the Secretary nf Commerce desirable authority. Without this amendment it is doubtful ii' he has the power,

:,.,r,Uon 16 of this bill we ('Onsider a most, dangerous SE'ction. \Ve strongly urge its. dimination as a whole.

Our reasons are as follows: the seetion aR it :'\tands gives any eommercial station,, such as a telephone broadcast station, which might in any way send out a govern­!ii('nt n°port authorized by some depart­ment of the government, the standing of a ~~over:iment station. ·we believe that it is, unavoidable that this use of words_ would? k•ad to great injustice. If it iR not the intent that this wording shall confer speeial privilege then there would seem to be no, ohlection to making the language explicit. The words "government iitation" should be. defined speeifically in this case as meaning­a radio station owned by a department of­the Government and used exclusively fo1, ,,fficial government business. That is all any government department nePds, and it. precludes the possibility of making unfair­use r,f v,•iled or doubtful language.

In Conclusion, we believe the above :c;ugg-ested amend, ments are desirable, rea::;onable and .iust~ and we e:unestly urge that they he made­h this bill.

Pacific Completely Bridged 'by Amateur Sigs.

E LSEWHERE in. this issue we tell the story of the Transatlantic 'r;;sts wherein over three hundred Ameri-

~ can amateurs were heard in Europe. A ltho some of these stations were in

t.he t'.entral and western portions of the continent, it is perhaps only natural that the great bulk of them were in the eastern districts. Hut while all this was going on the 6':, and 7's were having an informal party all their own, over their own particu­lar ocean, and we have the pleasure of recm:ding yet another ama.teur achieve­ment, this time across the vastly broader bosom of the old Pacific. In our last issue we published logs reporting 5's, 6's and !:l's within a hundred miles of Australia, and the reception of a single unknown 3d district station off Yokohama, Japan Now

we can chronicle the definite reception of­our ham signals in another continent, A.~·ia! HARB, i3CC, and 7SC have been logged_ .iust off ~lapan, and 6CC, 6KA, fiNX and f:Zz are reported off the coast of China, 5830 miles . west of San Francisco and around HOO miles further than Yokohama f Vy FB, OMs--we offer our hearty con­gratulations.

A well-known San Francisco amateur­operating on shipboard, whose name we, have been requested to withhold, has. reported the Asian records, in a log, he has been kind enough to send us from China reporting signals copied on a voyage, which commenced at S.F. on Oct. 24th, Reception in Hawaii is now such a <.iom~ monplace that for want of space we pas& up his reports east of Honolulu and wiU ~fart at

28

Nov. cld, 2295 rniles west of San 1'':rancisco. Using home-made single-drtuit regenerative receiver, 190 to i!5,000 meters, from description in Radio, and one step audio. <lRN strong. Heard 4~H, 5ACF, fiZA, 5NN, f)NV, 5ANB, 5QY, 5UB, GAJH, i3AWT, GAQW, GBQZ, 7SY, !JXAC, UASJ!', tlAMI, flBJI, 5SM, ilBCR, !3TI, t\AJF, fiBQC, . fiKA, 7BJ, 8QK,. SAXC, 8CUR, 9ARZ, !JBSZ, 9DFB.

Nov. 4th, 2520 miles west. 5T.J, 5QY, 5DO, 6CC, OKA louder than home at S.F.; 7BJ, 7ZO, 8ZY, 9BIK, !lAEQ, 9BLY, 9A WM, 9AON, !!AOU, iJCBA, 9DKY, 9BDS, 9APS, 9YAJ, 9AVZ, 9DFB, 9ZAF QSA and steady (copied his nr's 3 to H to 7ZO OK), 9GK? not positive.

Nov. fith, 2770 west. QRN vy bad. 6AMN, HBVG, 7NY, 8ZY, 9ZAF, i)AOG, 9XAC, 9AWM, 9CNS "using 10 watts 1.1 amps."

February, 1923

Nov. llth, H64 west. ,3BUM, 6XAD, tlBCR, 6TI, 70T.

Nov. 13th, 4625 west. ND last nite, Jap QRM. GKA, 6BCR.

Nov. 14th, -'.S6!i miles. QRN and ,Tap QRM. GBCR only ,;tation copied.

Nov. 15, fi100 miles, or 120 miles further west than '{okohama. QRN o(•casional crashes. iJKA QSA working 8XE: ~ed "(:;JRK OK hut QRM at times ur .... pse."

Nov. 18th, 5830 west of San Francisco, running parallel with China Coast. 6NX at 11 :50 p.m., said "QT A msg." 6ZZ at 11 :55 p.m. 6CC, calling 6ZAC and saying "QRK nw k" at 12:20. 6KA, calling STJ 11 :55 p.m. 6ZZ working 61V 12:20 a.m. 19th said "Tts same tng with me too"; short while after, called 911. 6CC again 12:45 a.m. 19th. 6NX, calling 9ZN 12:46 a.m. 19th, said "QSA hr." 6KA, C&lling SASV 12:55 a.m. 6KA seems best QRK

6KA, Los Angeles, a 1-tube set which has been heard from France to China and most places in between. Antenna current 12 to 13 amperes.

Nov. 6th, 2ll65 west. 6KU, 6XAD, 6KA sounds like 10 k.w., 7JW, 7BJ, !iBDS, 9BIK, 9ANQ (~SA.

Nov. 7th, ;3200 west. 5EK, HCC, HFT, 6BNW, GZX, 6KU, 6KA, 7Al<-,W, 7MF, 7BJ, nA WM, !:IBDS, 9DKY.

Nov. 8th, 3425 wr>;it. fiXAD, 5SM, 5AAT, Can. 4BV wkg 7NY, 5EK, 6BRG, i:iBCR, 9BJI, tiKU, 6BJW, 6ZX, G.EX spark, tlAQW, 7SC CW and ICW, 7BK, 7TO, 7NY, 7RN, GAVR, !1APS, tlBJI, !JAYS, i:iAWT, GAGW, IJTI, 6AGP, GJD, GAKT spark, 8BKE, \JBJI, 9A WM, 9CNS.

Nov. 0th, 3G75 we;;t. ,fEH, fiEK, 5ACF, 5SM, GKU, 7MF, 7BJ?

Nov. 10th, an 7 west. QRN constant ruar. flBVG, flTI.

of all; fades very slowly and be:ieve he could be held in all the time with about 3 atepa R.F.A. I thot at 3000 he waii good for 3000 more, but now think he could be heard another thousand on a good night.

Want some morr>'? All right: An-other ex-amateur ship operator, the f,ame one who heard an unknown "?." in Yokohama recently, sends us the follow­Ing log of his r;c;turn voyage starting tit that port.

Dec. 7th, 316G west Honolulu, off eoast of Sapan. GARB, llCC, GZAC, 7SC. ( Whereby Cookson nails his reception in ,lap waters.)

Dec. 8th, i!79G west Honolulu. 7SC QSA ealling 70E.

February, 192:3 qsT

Der.. :tOth, 2076 west. OKA, iJAVD, HA WT, GAJR Reno, 7SC, 9BM calling 9BP, sigs (;iSA (We believe these nines are Canadian specials.-Ed.)

Dec. 11th, 1742 miles. 5AC, GAJR, 6ZH, 9GK Fargo, N .D. UGK heard constantly across Pacific.

Both Dec. l2th's, crossing 180th meridian, nil.

Dec. 13th, fifiR miles. GEA, GEN, 5ZA.

Mr. T. E. Nikirk, 6KA, pre-war 3VU.

On Dec. 18th, while 1167 miles west of San !<'rancisco, logged every district and Canada: lMY, 2Al!'P, Canadian 3CO, :rnH*, 3XN, ,J,KT, -1EB*, ,rnv*, 5NS, 5KC*, r,XD*, 5XK, GZH, 7MF, 8AXC, 8BK*, 8IB*, 8BXH*, 8AZD, 8CMI*, 8ZAF, 8UE*, 8QK*, HYAO, HAYU, tJCBA, 9ANQ, t~AAU*, HBJI, BDLY, BOX. (* indicates trans­atlantic code letters verified.---Ed.)

Bully work, fellows. Now we've been heard at least in the waters,off everv con­tinent. Of l'QUrse twtually to\hear iiignals inland intthese contiI,mts is, ani'.>ther matter., as this over-water r~eption\is much easier;

With all due eredit to the- entire list of" successful stations, we think 6ZZ and GKA are the stars, for they are in the China list and they also got over to Europe, in­duding '111 the long :!500-mile rlrag over the Rockies and across the United States. That is real performance and represents so much more of an accomplishment than the Atlantic crossing by eastern stations that we are tempted to hang on these Rtations the champion all around DX laurels of the U.S.A. And we're gfad to b"' able to say that to a 6, too!

We're sorry we haven't any data on 6ZZ at Douglas, Ariz., but we are fortunate in

having .,ome late photographs and infor­mation on 6KA, the ether-buster of T. E. Nikirk at Los Angeles. 1rhe aerial is a T, the flat-top having 5 wires on 14-ft. spreaders, 57 ft. long and suspended 73 ft. high, with a cage lead-in 8-in. diameter. A counterpoise is used consisting of !) wires, embracing an area 45 ft. wide by 70 ft. long. A single tube is used, a special experimental model rated, we believe, at 250 watts output. 'rhe plate supply con­sists of A.C. obtained from a power trans­former and rectified by a synchronous rotary rectifier, as described in detail else­where in this issue'. The inductances con­sist of two double pancakes of ribbon, making four pancakes in all. The first one is the grid inductance, 5 turns of 3/4" ribbon; the next the antenna winding, 6 turns of 1/2" ribbon; and the next two the plate coils, each 15 turns of 1/4," material. Coupling between plate and antenna-grid units is variable. 1:i'ilament transformer and rectifier motor are run off the lighting circuit, while a special supply feeds the plate transformer, so that the filament voltage remains constant. '£elegraphing is accomplished by breaking the 110-volt cir­c:uit to the plate transformer.

Normal antenna current at 6KA is 12 to 13 amperes, as shown on a thermo-couple ammeter. In special tests to see how great a current could be obtained, the plate volt­age was run up to 8000 volts rectified and l.8.8 amps obtained, but legal input was con~iderably exceed.ad to do this. Nikirk believes in getting the most out of his tubes, and has got 8.9 amps from a single 50-watter by putting over 3000 volts c,n it and 11 volts on the filament, but there are several holes in the plate of this particular (,0 now and" the practice is not at all to be recommended to those who cherish the well­heing of their thermionic-triode-generators.

-K.B.W.

Curve I

Curve II

Curve III

CURVES ACCOMPANYING ARTICLE ON OPPOSITE PAGE

February, 1923 QST 31

Hours of Service of "B" Batteries By W. B. Shulte*

B "B" batteries are one of the few parts of a receiving set which be-

i. come exhausted and need replace­ment from time to time. it is be­lieved that data showing· the hours

of service of these batteries at various loads wm be of interest to the amateur operator. Such information may also be of value to engineers interested in the design and char­acteristics of electron tubes.

At present about ninety percent (If all "B" batteries in use are one of three sizes, the general dimensions of which are shown in Table l I. The;;e hatt.eriP.s an• lfi-<:'ell

'.rwo or more batteries were discharged through equal resistances and the closed eircuit voltage values were recorded at periodic intervals during the course of the test. In recording the data all of the read­ings for the same resistance were averaged. The temperatures were maintatned fairly eonstant and were held between 132 • F and 70° F. The batteries were regular product and selected at random from mar­ket stcck.

For eonvenience the data are presented in graphic form and Curves l, II, and III ;;how the hours of discharge of the batter-

Curve IV

,mits cast in one block and having a termi­nal voltage of 22.5 volts. The tests of the capacity of the batteries discussed in this paper are limited to these three sizes.

The batteries were discharged continu­ously through calibrated resistances of the following values:

ies through various resistances to variou• end voltages. It should be noted that the curves are plotted on a double logarithmic scale. ·

Referring to the curves, it is seen that the most useful service can be obtained if the batteries can be discharged to at least

Table l Battery

No.

2156 5156 -1156

Hours to 17 volts 40,000 ohms

6600 2600 1400

35 ohms 100 ohms 350 ohms

1000 ohms 8500 ohms

10000 ohms 40000 ohms

* EnJ.rinee:c-Sec1"ctary ~ Burgess Batt Pry Company

Weight List Hours Hours Lbs. Price Per Lb. Per $ 5 $3.00 1320 2200 l.6 2.25 1625 1156 1 1.75 1400 800

1.8 volts. Fortunately the usual electron tubes can be used to a plate voltage under this value. 17 volts is the end value called for by government specifications.

Curve IV shows the data for the three sizes of batteries to an end point of 17 volts and from this curve interesting com­parisons can be made between the variou1

QST Febr:.rnry, Hl2:>.

batteries on the basis of the hours of serv­ir.. per pound of weight and hours of :::t~rVH"f.:l rr~~r dollar of prir-e. St:-1:' alr.;u '!'ahi<' L

From this it i, deariy i',een that on a basilcl of price the !argest battery is the ni(,~t t"c:onondcal.

b:ittery on various resistances. The iarger ,<zerl batteries have the same general shape r;;-c shown hy this curve, and it should be roted that the horizontal scale is logarith­mic.

Cnrve VI shows the 40.000 ohm dis­ehan,:e of the b!.nall 1.iatte·ry piotted on

DISCHARGE CHARACTER15l'I5 N'4l56 'ff BA TTfRY THROUGH WllDUS RESl5T.ANCf 5 lineal scaie. It is seen that a.i'ter the first part <.•f the disdiarl!:e, the di;;f'harge, the <'urve r,radjcal­iy hP<'umes a s.traigbt iine, which, if ,~xtended, would cut the verti­i:·ai axis at about ~L5 vo!t;;. This characteristic, of practkrdly uni­forrn dropping f,ff r,:f voitage~ l"&n be made m,e of in estimating the eapacity <:11 a battery at a 1.,011-

stam; current. drain: for example, to find the probable hon.rs uf ser­vice of a .No .. 11.56 "B" batterv at 0.008 amperes to an end volt­age of 17 .G, the H vt-rage v-c,ltage ,,.,, ''i' ,.;urve 1

A ,:rmmarison can bE' made to show the P/fi:.ct of heavier current drain on the hours of ,ervice. For example, with battery No. :.~156, if the electron tube resbtance is about 20,000 ohms, which is probably the minimum resistance, the battery vrill fur­nish about LOOO hours of service. If two tubes are us.eel in parallel and the resist­ance is 10,000 ohms, the hours of service is cut to about 1800 hours. This decrease in hours of service is important when a

can be assumed a:0 being

21.5 + 17.G -·----•--o= 19.5 volts

The resistance equivalent to 0.003 am­peres is

19 5 ----~H500 ohms 0.003

single battery of high voltage ~such as a .\fi.yolt battery is cnn­nf'cted tn a detector-amplifier >'f't. In using thest> higher voltage bat­teriP8, the negative eud frequent­ly is eonneeted lo ,,upply eur­rent to hnth the r\etector tube and ;;mplifier tubes aml this end of the battery becomes nxhausted u-ir!ier than the positive 1c,11d, which only furnishes i;he ampli­fier niate i:-urrent. If .it is f'X­

hausted, it is seen that lts .service is ru,t e1:onnn1ieaL rro overco1ne

,,.,iZ L DISCHARGf CHARACTfRl3TiC r j ~ •-· L NQ41S6 'B' BATTERY THROUGH

~10 ·-l·-····•'"'-·~-.~-.,-. __ ._::r·· 40 000 OHMS

~ 18 1--··--t---+-- .. ·---L ··~---- >- . _

s I ! ········L I Glti . I -·· ·_i_-J ···•· ... ! ;:j I ••

. '°"'' ... ! ... J._ .... _- w ~-✓ w =w.·.w. -·-~L.

this the bat.ten, is discarded when only part of ni'ost economical c,;nnections of "R" Batteries i;; to u;:e them ;;plit into units of about 22.5 volts so that they C'an he inte1•­changed from time to time from the de­tector-amplifier sections so that the current drain ean be equally distributed between them.

Curve> V is pr.,sented to show the general :shape of the discharge curve of the smallest

~ a ~ ~ m = ~ ~ ~ TIME IN HOURS

Curve VI

From Curve HI then, the Ien.gth of serv­ice is found t.o be about UO hours.

The effect of the self-depreciation, ,n.· so-ei;lled "shelf" of t.he batteries. is in­dicated by the upward bend of the curves in Curve"" I, II, III and IV after th:; MJOO hour or nbout 167 day discharge point. 'Ihis :iaetor b not a ,:onstant one. and the study of it and its characteristics is

Dimensions

Table II Weight Cell

Diam Size

Length No.

G156 4156 2156

Width Length Depth

,'.P;iiN 2½r (l½"

fj lb 1½ lb.

l lb.

Cells

15 15 15

Volts

22 5 22.5 22 5

February, 192;3 QST 33

not within the scope of this paper, but it must bP recognized as being a variable which affects the hours of service of a "B" Battery, ,,specially at the low discharge rates.

On intermittent service with high resist­ances or low discharge rates the total hours of service will be increased and it is estimated not more than twenty-

five percent, provided, however, that the self-deterioration does not become a weighty° factor. This means that for low discharge rates with large batteries, where the withdrawal of continuous current does not affect the battery before 4000 hours, the shelf characteristic of the battery is more important and has more effect on the battery life than does the hour capacity.

Synchronous Rectifiers for Plate Supply A Symposium edited by S. Kruse, Technical Editor rrHE svnchronous rectifier or commu. -

tator; as applied to the plate supply of tubes is a California idea. At

• this writing it is almost exclusively ll west Coast device. It is there-

FJdited by S. Kruse, Technical Editor fore fitting that the first sectfon of this paper be from two Westerners, Howard F. Mason, of 7BK, and George Sturley, of 7BJ. To them and to R. C. Bohannan, 8ZAF, we owe most of the material here presented.

THEORY OF OPERATION From the Letters of H. F. Mason, 7BK,

and George Sturley, 7BJ. The svnchronous rectifier is nothing but

a ('Ummutator which, instead of being mountPii on the generator shaft, is run by a sepa1·ate (synchronous) motor which usu­ally has . fo~r poles. If i~ is a liO-cycle motor this gives a speed of 1800 r.p.m.

[n its usual form the commutator is a hakelite disc 6 to fl inches in diameter on the face of which is mounted a segmented brass ring running in contact with two A.C. input brushes and two D.C. uutput brushes. These four brushes are carried bv a rocker-arm so that, while the rig is running, thev !'an all be shifted around the disc together until t.he best position is found.

l,n the simplest disc half inch g:aps are ,•ut in the brass ring at two points opposite ,~ach (,ther. To allow the brushes to get ovPr them smoothly these gaps are gener­ally filled with a segment of insulating material, preferably hard rubber ,vhich stands up much hl'tter than bakelite.

The ,;ynchronous motor may bi; pur­chased* or an induction motor may be con-

--*Synchronous mot.oTs may be purchased from the following rlrms: The ~·ranee M"nufacturing Co.. Cleveland. Ohio.

i Ball-Bearing) 'I'he Valley Electric Co .. St. Louis, Mo. '1'he Amerie.an Radio & Re-~earch Corpor,o.tion,

M<>dford Hillside, Mass. The Henwood Co., Inc., 1114 Olive St., St. Louis,

Mt1. Crocker-WhePler. Ampere (Newark), N. J. The !leneral Electric Co., thru their ,arious branches. Chicago Rudio Laboratory, !132 S. Michigan Ave.,

Chicago.

verted as described by F. J:<•. Hamilton on page 12 of QST for April, 1921. The con­verted motor is much less powerful than before. Hamilton was right when he in­sisted on starting with an induction motor of at least one-quarter horsepower rating.

The design of the rectifier <lisc offers some difficulties which can be explained by diagrams. If very narrow brushes are used and the gaps between the segments are very narrow the rectified voltage will have the form shown in Curve B, Figure 2. ~the

Figure t. The Rec;tifier at 6BRG

brush is supposed to bl'eak und muke while there is zero voltage. This thing cannot he built; it is a theoretical wheel. Practically, there must be a gap hetween the segments. But as soon as there i::; a gap, the break and make no longer happen at the zero point, nut in the way shown in Curve C, l<'igure 2. Then the disc sparks. ·we can now shift the brushes so that the break comes at zero voltage as shown in Curve E, Figure :!, but at the same time the make goes still further off the neutral point.

Now let us connect a smoothing conden­ser across the output (D.C.) brushes. To do any real smoothing this condenser must be so large that .its voltage never drops below that required to keep the tubes os­cillating. We now have two pulsating voltages; first, the rectifled .A. .• C. from the

34

A

8

C

D

E

QST February, 1923

_ _,,_C\ __ 't-__ ,_f\ __ .....,;.A=i.TERM4TING \J VOLTAGE

AZ X . .,,

ErF'l!!CTOF CCIVDE/VSEli!

Figure 2. 'fhe Rectification Curves A---Segment B-Spacer X-Break Z······MRkf'

disc and, second, the condenser voltage shown in the dotted curve of D, Figure 2. Now if we shift the brushes so that the make and break happen just where the curves cross there will be no sparking. Putting it differently, we can open or close the circuit without any fuss if we do it when the transformer voltage is Just equal to the condenser voltage. This t.oo is theory as the adjustment changes with the load. In practice we let the thing spark, build the. wheel to stand it as well as pos­sible, and design so that burned spacers and brushes can be renewed easily.

'fhe dise now in use at 7BK was de­signed with these ideas in mind. It is vf bakelite with brass segments. 'fhe insulat­ing spa<;ers have parallel sides so that they ean be made easily and they a1·e held in place by two machine screws each, making it possible to replace a set in five minutes.

The adjustment of the brushes is .made by hunting for the point where there is least sparking and the most antenna cur­i·ent. When the rocker-arm is off' n.-utral .in one direction one of the D.C. brushes and one of the A.O. brushes will spark, ·while if the rocker-arm is off in the reverse direction the other two brushes will spark. To eliminate sparking more completely it seems as if there ought to be auxiliary brushes on either side of the main brushes and connected to them thru resistances. [Such brushes are described under the he.ading "Spark-Preventing Brushes."-­Ed.J

There is no way of telling "which side up" a synchronous motor will start and if the line voltage is unsteady it may even "slip a pole" after things are supposed to be :running properly. ·There must be a reversing switch in the primary leads of the plate transformer and it must be within easy reach from the operating position.

Carbon brushes, altho quiet and slow­wearing, have been useless as they coat the spacers with graphite which leaks and finally arcs over, blll'ning out the insula­tion. Copper gauze or leaf brushes must be used.

'!'he synchronous rectifier has been worth while at 7BK. Formerly the tubes were oper­ated with A.C. supply. The antenna current \Vas 2.8 amperes. With the rectifier the same tubes now produce an antenna current of !:l.5 amperes, nearly twice as much an­tenna energy.

CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION By R. C. Bohannan, 8ZAF

Having recehred a great many requests for information regarding the rectifier now in use at 8ZAF, I feel glad to be able to give. my fellow amateurs a description of it.

The first step in the construction is k> convert an induction motor into a synchron­ous motor or else to buy one of the latter,

February, 1923 QST 35

preferably of about a quarter horsepower and designed to run at 1800 r.p.m.

1rhe rectifier disc shown in :figure a is made of % inch formica. It is 9 inches in diameter and carries four brass segments % .inch wide by %, inch thick. '£he formica spacers are of the same width and thickness.

In constructing the disc, the first step is to turn up a hrass hub bored to fit on the motor shaft and provided with a flange. Fasten to this flange by means of four 10-::l,1 machine :,crews, the formica disc, which has been sawed to as nearly circular form as h:1 possible with a band or com­pass saw. Next fasten on t;he brass seg­ments and the formica spacers, using 10-24 machine screws with the heads at the back of the disc. The whole assembly should

Figure 3. The Rectifier at SZAF

then be put on a mandrel, swung between centers in a lathe, and the faces and edges of both the brass segments and the disc itself turned off true. Then with the disc still suspended loosely between the lathe eenters, or better, with the mandrel lying on two horizontal steel ,;traight-edges, bring the disc to a perfect balance by drill­ing small holes in the heavy side until it will stay in any position. This is very im­portant :in securing quiet operation of the outfit.

The rocker arm, shown in Figure a, is made of formica strips and carries four %-inch round carbon brushes in spring brush holders. This assembly is capable of rotation by means of the handle so that the point of synchronism may be found. Con­siderable tension must be carried on the brushes to insure good contact and least sparking. Connections to the brushes should be made as in B, Figure 4, with the additic,n of a reversing switch in the primary circuit of the rylate transformer. Since the wheel described here is not ex­actly like that of Figure 4-B, but has four segments, these must be connected in pairs by wire jumpers on the back of the disc.

'rhis of course could have been avoided and the construction simplified by making only two cuts directly opposite each other as in Figure 4-B, but this puts the work of breaking the current on two brushes at a time (instead of all 4 at each break) and causes more severe sparking.

When first testing, connect the 110 A.C. mains to the input brushes and a 110 volt lamp to the output brushes; then, with the machine running, adjust the brushes .for the steadiest and brightest light from the lamp. Now connect the rectifier to the set and make the final adjustments for the smoothest tone in your own receiving set.

The synchronous rectifier takes less room, and needs less attention and in the end costs less than the electrolytic, the outfit will work on any voltage up to 8500. 'rhe output from the tubes is about 75 % greater than when using A.O. and the neighbors are grateful for the relief from the broad .:LC. racket. [Provided the rectifier spark­ing is not worse than the A.C.-Ed.]

The transmitter at 8ZAF consists of a tyrye "P" General Electric pliotron, supplied with 2000 volt D.C. by the rectifier. The antenna current is H.8 amperes on 200 meters. The introduction of a filter will improve the tone hut necessitate a read­justment of the rocker-arm. When the load is ::!50 miliamperes at 2000 volts each brush will show a small blue flame but even after several months of operation this does not burn the spacers badly.

A 3600 R.P.M. RECTIFIER By T .. E. Nikirk of 6KA

The rect1iier at OKA was designed by 6JD and myself and built by me.

'rhe rectifier disc [see the picture of GKA in the article "Pacific Completely Bridged by Amateur Signals"] is of bake­lite and 8 inches in diameter. It carries a central contact (well insulated from the shaft), a small contact ring, and a large split contact ring. Both of the rings are ti inch wide. The outer one is cut at two opposite points, the cuts being left as open air-gaps. One half of the ring is connected to the central contact and the other half to the small contact ring as in the case of the disc shown in A, -Figure ,!.

The high voltage A.C. from the plate transformer is fed t-0 two brushes that touch the central contact and the small ring respectively. The high voltage D.C. is taken oft' the split outer ring by another pair of brushes set opposite each other on a rocker arm so that they may be shifted for least sparking. The D.C. brushes are made of copper gauze bent over a trifle at the end so they do not catch in the air-gap.

The driving motor is a 2-pole 60-cycle synchronous, hence runs at H600 r.p.m. The disc is not suited to 1800 r.p.m. opera­tion unless the brushes are all four moved to the outer ring as in B, Figure 4.

QST

The 3600 R.P.M. Rectifier at 6BRG H. 1:<'. Mason suggests a wheel with air

insulation between the segments. 'rhe

..

current from the toe to the heel (,f the brush just before the break, a;; in A, Figure 5, and a moment later there vrill be

a heavy arc, as at H. If the brush is made a trifle narrower than the spacer r,r air-gap, there will he ai'l'S both Lo and from the brush, as at C, and in 12ither case there will be ,noise, heating-, ~nd rapid wear. rhe only ,·.ure is t,, use r;e1~ondary brushes connected to the main ones thru resistances, as Mr. Mason i;uggests. We turn to •rnr ever-helpful . advisor and . quote from page 186 of Stuart Ballan­

I I @

lp\_JIIIF .. ,.-____ ...,,.

tine·'s "Radio Telephony for Ama­t.eurs" as follows: "'l'he function of the !'l'Sistance R i F'igure cl-A) is to control the change cif current nnd prevent sparking ..... Since the current 1:,xists but a short time ..... ordinary grid leaks, of th.e type used wi~h 2f.i0 watt tubes, 1800 R.P.N.

Figure 4, Rectifier Circuits A-3600 r.p.m. type with

protective rlevit:r.~ .. B-1800 r.p.m. type.

same idea has been worked out bv H. M. Fink of iJBRG, whose rectifier is shown in Figure L Note that the disc is grooved between the segments for better insulation. This is another- :moo r.p.m. disc of the 6KA type.

The Rectifier at 6ZZ The redifier at. fiZZ, Douglas, Ariz.,

i:!t:msists of a fl-inch bakelite disc 1A; inch thick carrying four (,opper segments and driven at 1800 r.p.m. by a :;;ynchronous motor. The four brushes are medium hard carbon motor brushes, i~ inch thick by 1;i; inch wide, carried by a brush rig capable of rotation to adjust to s.ynchronism. Mr. Gooding says it runs without a hitch, but the primary requirement is that it be a first-class machine job and run perfectly true. (See page 18, June 1922 ()ST.)

The· Rectifier at 6CU The rectirier at fiCU has a fil;z-inch bake­

lite disc around the edge of which is a brass ring with two 1,fi inch gaps exactly opposite each other. 'I'he disc is driven by a 4-pole 1>0-cyeie ;,,ynchronous motor at 1800 r.p.m. There are four brushes of stranded copper :,wt £10 degrees apart and lubricated with oil.

The insulation between the segments is provided by an air gap and the arcing is reduced by using radio chokes in the fi.C. output !Pads. -

An Arc-Preventing Brush The _discs that hav.- been described take

care of the matter of insulation very well hut the commutation conditions are not at all good. It would be nice to get rid of this thing of having a narrow· brush jump across a wide air-gap or spacer.

If we tFY to eover the air-gap by using a very wide brush, there will be a heavy

will he eonvement. 'I'hese are u~ually of 10,000 ohms resistance w1t.h a center-tap." The idea is to add a small brush to either side

of the main brush and connect to these s m a 11 brushes the ,ends of the grid­leak, while the cen­ter-tap goes to the main brush.

Laminated copper brushes work well on roughtened sur-1'aces, despite i,evere •sparking. 'rhe long­est lamination ( Fig­•ure 5-Dl makes the eontact w h i i e the others ;;upport i t and prevent chatter­ing ..

Brush Gear It must be ,,afe

and ea;:;y to shift the brushes while the rig is running. The spur-gear de vie e built into the syn­chronous spark gaps forme.rly supplied by Chicago Radio La­boratory should b.­very good, as its construction permits ready extension of the ;;ontrol to any reasonable distance. Other devices (If this ;;ort were used on the synchronous gaps of the ;ray-Ray Mfg. Co., and of the Benwood Co., but it is believed that none of them are n o w

C

D

Fig. 5. Brush Action

February, 192:1 QST 37

lei vailable. '.!:heir ('onstruction may be ob­served in advertisements in past issues of UST •.•In· the case of :3/iOO r.p.m. discs only the n.c. brushes need to be adjustable, but for the 1800 r.p.m. types all four must movr. together.

Design of Rectifier Discs For the :,ake of keeping down noise,

wear, and motor load, it would seem de­sirable to make the disc quite small. But this should not be done. Again we quote from Ballantine, page 186: "The com­mutator [,; preferably of large diameter so thHt the brushes may be sufficiently large for mechanfoal rigidity [i.e., not too ilimsy to make decent eontact.-Ed.] with­out covering too great an electrical angle. The full sec•_ondary plate voltage will exist between the <·onsecutive segments and this i::hould he kept in mind in designing the insulation. Considering the design of a disc for use with a synchronous 60-cycle single-phase motor with a synchronous speP<l of 1800 r.p.m., allowing a maximum voltage at interruption of 15 percent of the peak value, a disc diameter of 8 inches will be indicated with an insulation segment not greater than % inches in width."

Fuaes Because short-circuits are destructive,

there should be fuses in the A..C. ieads to the rectifier. Buy a spool of the smallest fuse wire that will carry the current and use it between binding posts in lengths of 3 inches for 1000 voits and 5 inches for 8000 volts.

Radio Chokes The high frequency voltages generated

by the tubes must be kept from the disc to prevent :fireworks. J:<'or low power, use a f.,()0 turn Giblin-Remler coil, and for higher powers use a pair of coils made by winding No. 28 A.W.G. silk or cotton covered wire for ,1 inches on a 3 inch tube. Do nc;,t dope the wire with anything but Yf>ry thin (,ollodion or varnish and keep the coils well dear of the helix.

Synchronizing the Rectifier Before a high voltage load is put on the

disc try the lamp test given by Mr. Bohannan. If ad iustment of the brushes and the rocker-arm will not give a steady light listen carefully to see if the motor is rnnning in and out of synchronism. If it is doing thi.s the line voltage is unsteadv or the motor defective and the set can not be loaded. By all means use a voltmeter nn the output of the redifier. There is no r,ther way. to make sure that the rectifier has started "right side up." Reverse volt­age will damage the tubes because it will huild up until a flashover 0Ct:urs.

Filters The synchronous rectifier does not take

kindly t-0 the type of filter we are ac-

customed to use It cannot be made t.o opPrate sparkles,dy unless the current and the voltage are in phase; that is, they must both be zero at the same time. 'I'his is what happens when we have only the tube~ a~ a load. The eomponnd brush ar­rangement ·will allow some leeway but not a g;reat deal. Now if we attempt to smooth the output by putting a choke ,:,,il in the output leads, the current will lag and violent arcing will follow. If on the other hand we attempt to use a large condenser across the output the. current will lead and again there will be fireworks. One im­mediately t.hinks of using both the choke and the condenser in an attempt to make their effects eancel. However if we use

10 HENR.tES

IN OUT

)I,

A

SOHENRIES

IN '""' FD.

OUT

B Figure 6. Filter circuits

our ordinary filter circuit of A, Figure 6, and do actually adjust things so that the inductive and eondenser reactances cancel, the eircuit is in resonance and does not filter at all but ,•1,inforces the A.G. 'rhe thing we must do is to build the filter cir­cuit ·with a condenser and a choke so large that the rP.souance frequency falls well be,. low 120 cycles, which is what we are trying to filter out. Ballantine states that the lllter will make things worse unless "the pro<luct of L in henries and C in micro­farads is greater than :1.5!' (About 90% of the filters we have seen ignore this rule and do make things worse.) 'rhe rule calls for something like a 2-microfarad condenser and a 1.75 henry choke but that is the ·very lert# that will amount to anything. A· 10-henry choke and a 15-microfarad condenser are nearer the requirements.

Now that sort of a filter costs a lot of money when it is built for a 2000- or :3000-volt circuit and above that the cost rises very fast indeed. For that reason and also because it is less inclined to make com­mutation trouble there is suggested the use of the filters we have seen ignore this rule

::38 QST February, 1923

'The correct values are .01 microfarads 'and 50 henries. A .01 condenser to stand anything up to 10,00Q volts is not hard to make and the big choke is not an impos-

sibility. Fifty-henry chokes for different services are described in Table 3, page 179, of Ballantine's "Radio 'felephony for Ama­teurs."

Important Litigation

THE Radio Corporation of America has brought suit in equity in the U. S. District Court :for the Southern District of New York against A. H. Grebe & Co. and J.

H. Bunnell & Co. asking for an injunction to prevent them from manufacturing and selling certain apparatus and asking dam­ages for such apparatus previously made and S'illd. Apparently Grebe has been selected as a typical licensed manufacturer and Bunnell as a typical Grebe dealer, with the policy in mind that if judgment can be secured it will establish a precedent that 'Will have weight in the settlement of similar tases out of court.

The basis on which judgment is being sought against Grebe is that the Radio Corporation has secured from the Ameri­can Telephone & Telegraph Co. all its rights arising from damages done it by Grebe in violation of alleged rights be­longing to the A.T.&T. by virtue of the ncquisition by the last-named company of the famous deForest third-element patent. It is interesting to note in this connection that the deForest company has issued a statement to the effect that while l'ights under their patent were granted the We:;tern Electric Co., (and by the latter issued to G.E., Westinghouse and R.C.A.}, the title to the patents still resides in the de Forest interests; in effect the statement that any rights under the patents are now owned by A.T.&T. is denied. But at any rate the R.C.A. is proceeding on the basis that the A.T.&T. has rights and has suf­fered injuries and that they have secured the privilege of collecting the damages. The main idea on which damages are sought is that the Grebe company has violated the deForest patents in making apparatus capable of being used in con­llection with a vacuum tube! It is claimed that the plaintiff has been injured and deprived of profits because Grebe made "receiving sets adapted, designed and in­tended for use in combination with, and useful only in combination with, and .... to be used in combination with vacuum detector and amplifier tubes" which em­body the deForest invention. In another complaint of very similar tenor another suit is brought against both Grebe and Bunnell, as joint defendants, in which the charge is that they violated certain other patents relating to grid biases, a matter which principally concerns audio amplifiers.

The first-mentioned suit is by far the most important. If the R.C.A. can secure judgment, it will mean that nobody except the association of bigger companies will be permitted to make any apparatus that is designed for use in 3-element tube circuits -no sockets, no rheostats of the familiar pattern, no variometers, no grid leaks, no amplifying transformers, no regenerative tuners, nothing that we can think of but loose-couplers and telephones for crystal reception. The fact that manufacturers may have Armstrong licenses and the fact that they are not making infringing tubes themselves do not count with the R.C.A.-­they claim the right to collect all the bene­lits that may exist thru the bare exiP.tence of the del!'orest patent.

Radio litigation unfortunate:y is no novelty in this country, but we do not re­call any as ambitious as this. It does not seem to us to be at all ;just or equitable, and certainly for the good of the game we trust that no such thing will come to pass. lt seeks to crowd out every independent producer, leaving in the field only the asso­ciation of big companies now familiarly known as "the Big Five," except probably those who would agree to 1,ay a royalty so big that their competition would he en­tirely negligible. We have been told that the R.C.A. has offered independent licensed manufacturers a blanket license under all of their patents on a 20% royalty scheme, including the turning in of the present Armstrong licenses on which only 5% royalty is paid; but no such propositions have been accepted as far as we know, manufacturers feeling that it is useless to attempt competition under an initial 20 % handicap. It is commonly felt among the independents that the purpose of the legal action is to make the 20 % proposi­tion a little more interesting.

Rumor has it that some of the leadin~ licensed manufacturers sometime ago affili­ated themselves in an informal body for common protection, pledging mutual aid; and if this be true it is probable that Grebe will have lots of help in combatting the suit. The independent manufacturers do not seem particularly worried. As one of them put it to us, this suit is much the same as if the holders of patents on electric lights were attempting to prevent every­one besides themselves from making lamp sockets, ,vire, switches, conduit, fuses, etc., which of course is not done: and indeed it

February, 1923 QST 39

seems an apt compa,rison. There is also to be said on behalf of the independents that for many years the plaintiffs have per­mitted the condition of which they com­plain to continue, during which time the defendants built up their businesses with­out protest; a situation which provides them with a legal defense by ari action which is akin to "outlawing" the complaint.

At any rate it probably will take a couple

of years to settle the thing and by that time the principal patents concerned will be expiring. We only regret that such discord should enter the radio industry at a time when co-operation is so sorely needed. The radio amateur will have no difficulty in placing his sympathies in the matter.

K.B.W.

R. F. Amplifier with Regenerative Detector By Phillip N. Emmich

IT has been repeatedly stated that a re­generative detector canno. t satisfactorily he used with a radio amplifier. I do not agree with this and have owned a three stage RF amplifier with two steps of AF

amplification behind the detector that per­forms very nicely. I now have an even simpler set which employs only two tubes and secure with them verv good results.

The circuit is shown in the figure.

While a single circuit tuner is shown, the circuit is not confined to the use of such. The usual increase in selectivity will be secured by using a loosely coupled tuner. Most radio amplifier circuits either sacrifice a great deal of amplification by using a broadly tuned coupling transformer or else they complicate tuning greatly by introducing still more tuned circuits be­tween the radio amplifier tubes and the detector tubes. By using reactance-capa­city coupling, this circuit eliminates these difficulties. The novelty lies in the con­nections between the radio amplifier tube and the detector which permits regenera­tion while sticking to the simple reactance­capacity method of coupling. The .feed­back device ( L, and L,) is an ordinary vario-coupler, or one may be specially co1i­structed for the purpose, using the follow­ing dimensions:--·Stationary tubes 4" in diameter wound with 80 turns of No. 20 double cotton covered tapped every three turns. Rotor a1h" in diameter 110 turns

of No. 28 wire. The choke coil is, in my case, a Coto-coil radio frequency high re­sistance auto-transformer. !3atisfactory re­sults should be secured with almost any small single layer coil wound with very flne double cotton covered wire. '£he wire should not be over No. 30, should not be doped with anything except collodion and should have enough turns so that it is en­tirely certain that the natural frequency of the coil is not within the wave length range over which the set is to work. 'I'he rest of the diagram is self-explanatory.

Using this · arrangement I have on November 9th heard the voice from ama­teur radio phone lDKA at (Henbrook, Conn., across the room. My station is located at Indian Creek, Pa. With the same arrangement radiophone broadcasts have been received on loudspeaker .from statians that were 1000 miles away. With the headset they have been heard at 1600 miles.

A Tone Wheel for I. C. W. By W. A. Tolson, SXB

SOME time ago we tried out in the laboratories here an idea :for obtain­ing 500-cycle grid modulation on a

C.W. transmitter. The results secured were so very satisfactory that I am enclosing a rough sketch of the arrange­ment in the hope that it may help to solve the I.C.W. problem of some other stations. There is nothing new in the con­struction of the 500-cycle inductor alter­nator, and its very simplicity should appeal to any one making his own apparatus. The idea may possibly have been published before, but if so I have :failed to note it.

The inductor, which is mounted directly on the motor shaft, is m~de by simply filing away every other t0oth from a gear having rather coarse teeth, so as to leave a rela~ tively large space between teeth.

40 QST February, 1923

The core on which the coils are wound is built up from laminations from an old transformer core. The general shape of this core is shown in the sketch. It is im­portant that the two poles, "A" and "B,"

lb&mf Circuit

be spaced so that the teeth of the inductor clear them with the least possible air-gap, and also that they be so spaced that when a tooth of the inductor is passing one of them, a corresponding tooth is passing the other.

The field coil is wound on the bottom of the core. The number of turns and size of wire in this winding will be governed by the voltage to be used in exciting it. Of course, the larger the number of ampere­turns in this winding the greater the flux produced, and the larger the induced volt­age in the armature winding.

The armature winding consists of a coil of a large number of turns of small wire wound on each vertical leg of the core. These two coils are connected in series, care being taken to see that they are f\O con­nected that their voltages will add.

lt is seen that when the inductor revolves between the poles of the core the reluctance

Signal Corps Loop Set Judging by the inquiries we receive the

members of this outfit are intensely inter­ested in short wave loop transmission. The picture shows a low-power short wave loop set that is proving practical in signal corp use. lt employs three '';J" or VT-1 tubes for both sending and receiving. The range is about four miles.

There is no switching to be done. 'fhe phones are placed in the plate circuit of the tubes and the method of communication is similar to that which is employed when two ordinary receiving sets are used with the tubes oscillating and a key in the ground lead. The two loop sets are first set up with the loops pointmg toward each other. As soon as the A and B battery circuits are completed the tubes begin to oscillate. One or both operators theri vary the adjustment of the tuning condenser

(Concluded on page ,4.2)

of the magnetic path thru the core and in­ductor wiU be a minimum when a tooth is opposite each pole-piece of the core, and a maximum when there is a farge air-gap between the inductor and the core. The

flux threading the armature coils will there­fore be varied from a maximum to a mini­mum every time a tooth passes the pole faces of the core. If the inductor has twenty teeth and is mounted on the shaft of a small induction motor running at 1750 r.p.m., the frequency of the induced voltage in the armature windings will be approxi­mately 580 cycles.

The gear used for the inductor in our ex­periments was five inches in diameter, by one inch thick.

In operation the armature coils are con­nected in series with the grid leak of the oscilla,tor tube, as shown in the sketch. When the key is closed the grid is made alternately positive and negative 580 times per second.

The note received at the receiving station is absolutely pure and even, and has a clear bell-like quality due to the absolute even­ness of the impulses.

@World Wide Photos

1'"'ebruary, 192;3 (.~ST 41

EDITORIALS cle AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE e

Does This Shoe Fit You?

MANY hundreds of indignant letters have been received at A.R.R.L. Head­quarters since the beginning of the

last half of the Transatlantic Tests, pro­testing the gawdawful QRM that the other American amateurs made while we were trying to hear Europe. Every mother's son of us knows that it was absolutely fierce, a dirty, rotten shame, and that to just a great big extent it was pure un­adulterated luck that we heard anything from across the pond at all. The best of receiving sets are helpless in the endeavor to pick up faint signals 3000 miles away on the ,mme wave length while half a thousand transmitters in this country blaze away for all thev're worth. We've received a carload of' wrathy logs from good amateurs who loudly proclaim to the cockeyed world that i.t was a burn­ing crime the way the gang acted and that we ought to publish a blacklist in this issue.

Now as an individual amateur the writer of these lines feels almost exactly that way about it but there are several other things to be said. In the first place an issue of QST isn't big e,nough to contain a list of all the stations that caused QRM during the tests. And again we must remember ··that United States amateur radio is a big in­stitution and contains in its ;number ama­teurs of every concivable radio interest, some of whom are not yet members of our A.R.R.L., and that we have no legal right to demand that they stand by for ten nights while we of the A.R.R.L. listen. Of course it's perfectly true that the bulk of the rack­et was made by our own gang and for such of these as profess to be loyal enthusi­astic members we have a grave sympathy. We have a sweet little list of them up at headquarters.

Looking back at the Tests now from this date well advanced into ,January, it seems that it was only thru the grace of a merciful Providence that anything at all was heard from our European cousins. We are ashamed that many of our members were such rotten sports as to transmit when they knew that the honor of American Radio was at stake; we are filled with

compassion for those whose justification it is that they heard plenty of others trans­mitting and didn't see why they shoudn't too; and we are sorry that there was an element in amateur radio which professed to care nothing about the tests. To our hard­working and eminently successful British and French confreres our hat is off in deep respect. You did a great job, and we ad­mire you and thank you :for the splendid part you played in the Tests. We are only sorry that we ourselves were prevented from making a better showing by the heed­less in our midst. Perhaps next time we ('an do better.

"QST's Family"

MOST of us are accustomed to thi.nk of the American Radio Relay League as having one publication, QST Well,

it started out that way but at the present time just take a look around. No matter where you go there is a district amateur publication. The list of them is perfectly surprising: The Delta News, The Ham­ville Star, The Hot Wire, Kickbacks, Michigan Radioist, The Modula,tor, The Os<dllatm·, (/TC, The R<Ldio Jlmplifier, South Da,kota, Oscillator-,why, the list is so large that we have a notion we forgot some of them. But that is not the real beauty of the thing. The real joy comes in noticing the attitude that all these papers have towards the A.R.R.L. and towards QST. You can't pick up an issue of any of them in which they don't tell us what a fine thing the A.R.R.L. spirit is and in which they don't advise their readers to read QST. Can you anywhere else in the journalistic world find a group of papers that devote part of their space advising their readers to read another paper? If you can, it is news to us.

All this is just another demonstration of the old A.R.R.L. spirit of comradeship. And thus it is spreading. It is getting so now that you c m't really tell whether some of the broadcast 1istener publications are not more than half in favor of this American Radio Relay League. They refer to QS'l' on the slightest provocation, and here of late we haze begun to wonder if the

42 QST February, 1923

Literary Digest is not beginning to like us quite a little bit.

But what we started out to say was the boosting of QST ts the thing that the '-/ST Factory and its editor appreciates. We have been trying for a long time to figure out how to say this and may be have not done it well now, but we know that among a gang of brass-pounders the idea will get over ,iust the same. QST thanks you and to show its appreciation, is going to print a list as nearly complete as possible of all the district and club papers and their publishers and schedule. We are go­ing to do our level best to make it com­plete but if you are at all uncertain about our knowing everything there is to know about your particular district publication, came right ahead and give us what we need to make this 1ist~HJ0% complete

The Conversion of a B.C.L.

0 UT in Hutchinson, Kansas, there was recently held a radio convention. One of the salesmen at the conven­

tion was demonstrating a very fine receiv­ing set which was being marketed largely to broadcast listeners, that is, to the radio novices who are interested in the reception of radiophone concerts- and speeches only. Along toward the latter part of the second evening of this oonvention he was persuadr­<~d. which by the way was not very hard, to take this set over to a radio store and put it on an antenna .for the benefit of an in­terested group who wanted to see what it could do. After the erowd had thinned down somewhat and a group of amateurs remained, some one asked permission to tune to the ship wave lengths and copy some commercial stuff in continental code. The salesman said "Sure, go right ahead," and the gang began to cop_y ship stuff. Kan­sas is a wonderful receiving location and commercial shore and ship stations were heard from both coasts and from 'way down the Gulf of Mexico during the next half hour. The ealls and messages were ex­plained to the salesman. He was much entranced, he had never suspected before what interest there was in the code end of this game. And when we switched down to 200 meters and began to copy the fellows all over the country, he was even more in­terested. At last there came a terrific I.C.W. signal that fairly lifted the JJhones off the table. He asked at once "Who in the world is that?" We had the great satisfaction of saying, "That is the sta­tion of your own firm." You should have seen him. He was Just as tickled as the traditional boy with the new red wagon. And when we sent a message to the station of his firm telling of the reception of their signals at· 600 miles on their own receiving set, he was even more pleased. The last

we saw of him, he ·was trying to find out the quickest way of learning the code. An­other B.C.L. had been converted.

That is not the only example we could give; we could give hundreds of them. 'fhe whole thing just confirms what wa have said again and yet again, namely, that the interest in this old radio i<ame lies in the code stuff. What possible thrill can there be in sitting in a California room and listening to a radiophone station in Den­ver or (if it happens to be a good night) in Kansas City, compared to the thrill that the same man will get out of sitting in the same room after he has installed an ama­teur station of his own and is not listening to a broadcast station sending to no one in particular but is hearing the little old dots and dashes come in and tell him that he himself is being pers,mally add·ressed by another amateur up in the Sec,md District at New York City'? Oh there may be a thrill in copying WHB or KYW, but there is about seventeen times as much of a thrill when you are camped somewhere in the 6th or 7th district and are eopying 2RI and 2RI is talki11g to YOU. =========

SIGNAL CORPS LOOP SET

(Concluded from page W) until the beat note is at a convenient pitch. 'rhis note now continues steadily in both head sets until either operator de­presses his key when the beat note in both sets changes. The key shunts a small mica condenser around the tuning condenser and thereby changes the frequency generated by the set. The operator can not only hear what he is sending but at the same time is always able to tell whether he iB being copied OK. If the other operator has QRM he simply holds his key down. This results in still another change in the heat note which both operators hear. The send­ing operator then pauses until the receiving ope1·ator can tell him what the trouble is. What this amounts to is a very simple and positive break-in system. The method of keying is better than interrupting the grid or plate circuit or the loop circuit because it does not change the load on the tube, and hence permits very stable operatioB. In addition to that it allows the break-in system to proceed perfectly which would not be the case if t.he set stopped oscillat­ing every time the key was up.

'.Because loop radiation is much better at extremely short waves, the waves em­ployed by this set lie between 70 and 200 meters. About the only defect that using such a short wave results in is that any one coming within lO feet of the loop changes the beat note. 'fhe loop itself ia made of ¾," brass tubing and has so low a resistance that the very small power used puts a current between ½ an ampere and 1 ampere thru the loop.

" /I fiJa"I J. uu

February, 1923 QST 43

F. H. SCHNELL, Traffic Manager 1045 Ma.in St., Hartford, Conn. --

Now Mr. Printer, we want the best type and the fanciest letters you have for 3XM, and the prettiest box. 3XM has made a dream come true! Often did we long to Bee what a message report in four figures would look like, and we want to look at it many times perhaps, hence we want pretty figures. That box is going to stand out all by itself because it is as near the top as we can put it. We would like to do it in colors if we could. By George, 3XM, you are the king of them all right now. You were the first to go over the 1000 mark and you went over big. The first time in the history of amateur radio that any station hit that high mark.

························•·tt•• £ PRINCETON U RADIO CLUB j t (3XM) : * * t· PRINCETON. N. J. * i 1226 MESSAGES! i ATLANTIC DIVISION ! :****************************:

That isn't the end of our story. Our Total 66,885 for the month, again smashed -------------------------------Message Traffic Report By Divisions

DECEMBER c.w.

Divinion Stns. Msgs. M.P.S.

Atlantic 166 14026 84 Central 120 10210 85 Dakota 28 2988 107 Delta 14 1332 96 East Gulf 8 441 55 Hawaiian 2 171 86 Midwest 67 6390 95 New England 138 6142 90 Northwestern :37 1861 50 Ontario 29 804 27 Pacific 56 2769 49 Roanoke ,12 2830 67 Rocky Mountain 17 2135 126 Vancouver 7 253 36 West Gulf .43 3948 92

•rota!, 704 56300 8'' '"' Total C.W. Messages, 56,300-84% Total Spark Messages, 10,585-16%

Total, 66,885

We !mow that some of these fellows who :handled four, five, six, seven and eight hun­dred messages will be somewhat disappoint­~d in not taking highest honors, and we mow too, that they will be the first to con­gratulate you on your excellent work. Headauarters congratulates you!

SPARK TOTAL Strus. Mags. M.P.S. Stns. Msgs. M.P.S.

41 2439 59 207 16465 80 45 3349 74 165 13559 \"'t.") o~ 10 434 43 :JS 8422 88 3 151 50 17 1483 87 5 210 .12 13 651 50

2 171 86 16 867 54 83 7257 87 18 1250 69 86 7392 86

9 135 15 46 1996 43 ,1 67 17 33 871 27

18 767 ,13 74 3536 46 4 270 67 -i6 3100 67 2 40 20 19 2175 114 2 16 8 9 269 30

12 590 .19 55 4538 83

189 10585 59 893 66885 77

all previous known -records by over 10,000 messages. Whew! What next? Things are happening in this old radio game of ours. Our Operating Department is living up to its predictions made last April when \Ve started to scrub off the barnacles and get down to business. Our reorganization

44 QST

is a fine thing-4i9mething we all are proud of. We have increased the number of men in every branch and eYery man is keep- -ing the wheels turning in high. 'rhat is the spirit, men, and that is what will es--­tablish amateur radio more permanently. Our messag-es are being deiivered promptly and a greater percentage of them is getting thru. That, for a long time, was our hard­iist job, but we believe we have mastered it quite successfully during the last few months.· We might strive for a little more accuracy in addresses and signatures, tho. Too, we think that if there were less "CQ'­ing'' there would be more traffic handled.

\Ve have n pretty long Ust of "brass pounders" for this month. ;:,ome of whom w~re announced last month.

300 Hitters or Better in the Brass Pounders' League.

Call Maga. Call Msgs.

::!XM 1226 1.CDO 420 azo 884 5lX H6 3YO 854 IBKQ g(i9

*9VZ 807 8BIT 346 9AWM 714 ,sAWU H34 3BLF 665 :!APR :l:l2 8.FT 639 ilZZ 331 8ALC 6:11 9UU 327 tiKC 519 9DTA :.l2H 8IJ 515 2AJF 325 90X 504 70T B2!3 5TC ·186 8CGX 319 9AMB ,t82 3SU 318 GCC 462 2DI 316 lXM 459 9BGH 316 9XAQ 4~{7 8AIM 1112

*20M 436 !lZH 307 flDQU 4 .. ~3 3SM 307

*1CNI •i22 1QP 300

1 *) in<licates spark stations.

Look 'em over and see if that isn't the nicest piece of work you ever heard of in this modern day.

We regretfttlly announce that our old Pacific hopper, GZAC is discontinuing oper­ation and leaving the island. Perhaps he will return some clay, and in tlie mean time we ,.vill pin all our hopes on 6ZY, the new station being- f'reeted by Gunner Marshall. Welcome, OM!

TRAFFIC REPORTS FROM A.R.R.L. OFFICIAL RELAY STATIONS

ATLANTIC DIVISION-C.W.: 8BSF, IO; 8KU, l!!: 8PJ, H: SQB, 8; 8:MZ, :'.2: 8UE, ,ii: SA.VD, 146; 8AXN, 108; 8CTN, 58: 8BMM, ,!5; 8ASL. 17; 8ADG, 30; 8BIP, 14: 8ATU. ,4r,; 8AMQ, 11; 8CSE, 18: 8llUU, '77; 8AIW, 60; 8AMR, ,JO; 8NB, 226; 3BLU, 110: tAWH, 27; acc. 112; SADQ, r,1; SBNU, 2-18; ::!YO, 85<1; SBUV, 12; 3JG, 8; 3ATG, 126, 8ALU, 111; 8BIQ, 14; l!ZO, 884; 8MB, 118; sLP. 2: :1AQR, oil; accu, 1s2: :rnrT. 346; sex. 8; 3CCX, 4; 3AAY, 107; 3KD, 25: 3HX, 20; 8VW, 82; 8FM, 15: 8GK, 89; 3TA. 11; 3UD, 7; i3ANJ;' l.60; SBJY, GO; 30E, 71; 8AGN, 4; 3SM, ?,ii'/;

It'ebruarYr · 1928:

F€bruary. 192:3 QST 45

HAWAIJAN nIVISION-C.W.: f,TQ. 1:3; 6ZAC, l.28,

MIDWEST DIVISION-C.W.: !ICCV. ~IJII; 9DTA, 326: 9DEF', 27; 9AEY, 130: 9CYV, h; 9BHN, 118; 9ANQ, 113; !IBZZ, 18: 9CAC. ;12; 9UNY, 1; t~ABV, 164; 9DSD, 95; !iCCS, 127; 9DXH, 14; 9DPD, 18; ~BGH, !llll: i!OKY, 264; 9~'K, 211; \'.IARZ, 182; ~HSZ. :ion: \lECZ, r;; 9RIK, !91; 9AOU, 170: ~AHH, 152: 9AMI, 84: 9CXP, 70; 90LQ, 4fi; !JBFG 28: 9BZE, 21: \!CHN, 18; llDJM, 15: 9BCF, 15; !lDOF. 16: flRDR. 14; 9UL. 7: UBLT, 4: \"!APE. "i: ~YT.T, 1135; l>DSL, 115: 9DAH, n: 9BXJ, ::;::; !tDRA, 110; 9YA, 82; 9BDS, 1::12: 9FM, 203; iiYM, 3H; 1:iAQH, ~Oi'i; 9AYL, 12; 9DJB, 12; 9H,Ji1, 4; 9BKO. :!5; !1RR, 6; OEX, 141: 9ANO .•. :'il; 9HT, l •!2: PDXN, 72.; flDWK, 14: 9AON, 0~: flONC, \!f>O; HRLG. ,t~: 9PW, 20: \JBHI, 10: 9BXT, !'.10; !HITE, r,9: !lDZY, 2i: 9DMJ,. :;o: fiRED. 110. gpark: 11 BME, 15: 9AFW, 70: ~ARZ, 26: 9BMN, H7; 9AOJ, 71; 9YM, '7; 9HO, 112; !iRR, l02; 9AHZ, ,16; 9AYL, 87: !•DAE. H5: PDWK, l.2; 9)1C-W, 18; 9AWT, •i: 9CTTF, 10; 9DZY, :JG.

NEW ENGLAND DIVISION-UL, 82: lA WW, S~; 1BSJ, 7; 1BWY, 19; !CMK, 240; !.KLN. ~6; 1,\0,J. 4tl; HlVR, 15: ICJD, 119; lCJR, :n: lARY, :17: 1BHO, G; WJH. 65: lXM, 4~~: 1PM, ~89: !GPN, l!il; 1YK. ,i3; lIL. r,:;; 1AXB, 10; tBDU, 20; lSD, 112; l.CBJ, 121; lHYN, 285; lAWE, 66; l BQD, 63; LAMD, ~4; l GV. 129; lABC. ,j: 1CSW, 1~: ur. 2S7: JCBP, 2: lBVB, 132; lBKQ, 3G9; lBVIT, 4~: iCQJ, !) : lLL, 150: lAAC, 13: lKC, 14; lCRU, 12: lBET, 110; lCNF, trn; 1ZE, l!Hl: !CKP, 2ci: lBRQ, 169; lKX, 49; lBAS, 115: lBES, l 05: lBNP, 32; 1GDO, 420: 1BNT. u6; lCIT, 19: 1ASF, 158; 1IX, 10; 10M, ,i; IAGH, 46: lBM, 4; HV, ,!l; lAYO, 94: lJT, 21; lCR. ti8: 1AYU. 137; 1BIY, 71; lBGF, H: lAW, 78; lMY. 107: l QP, 300; Spark: 1ARY, 15; lAHT, 1: IGM, 22: JBQL, 194; 1BRQ, 79; lFM, 154; ICIB, 63; lBJS, 41: lACO, 4: lLZ, 17: lCNI, 422; lBZN, 184; .lBNT, 16; l.CM, :!l; lCKI, 15; H,lO, 2,

NORTHWESTERN DIVISION-C.W.: 70T, ~23; 7BK, 219; 7BJ, 197; 7LR, 167; 7MF, 127; 7WM, 107; 7TQ1 c:1:!: 7AFM. 60; 7HM. 59; 7LY~ 42; 7ACA, 10; 700, 371 7AGF, 35: 7ABB, 33; 7ADP, 32: 70E,. !:52: 7MH. 20: 7tJD. 28; 7AFH~ 27: 7GP, 27: 7ACV~ 2·11 \ZU, 22: 7AHI. 15; 7AIIi 15: 7QE, 14; 7DC, 18; 7TT, 11: 7JG, 10: 7NA, 10; 7NG, 8; 7AEL, 7: ,AIC, 7; 7DU, 6; 7FD, Ii; 7HD., 5: 7TY, ::; ,AIF, 2, Spark: 'iOJ. ho: 7AFO, 30: JNWC. ~~; _ 1~~-IO;, 14: 7BC, 11; 7FH,. Ci; 7AGI, 2; , G, ~. 7WD, ~.

ONTARIO DIVISION-0.W.: 9BS, 19; HBV. 38; :lXN, 93; WrB, 2; :JPA, U: :iTA, 6; 3VW, 2; ~KP, 73; :n,s. 2~: :rnQ, 7: 8.AD, 29: HHE, ~8; !HL~ 19: 9AV, _2; 8NJi'\ 2; 8FC. 22; aco, 20: a;n~ 31.: 3,IT, 30; 3IJE, 52; 3SX, 18; liAL, 92; 9BV, 9; ~RJ. 7; xA.J. a7: 9CD, 02; aGK, 27; 3.JH. 42; \f:f~o ~. Spark: 3GN, 6; :lMN, 2; :JOH, 10;

,., -I;ACIFHJ DIVISION-C.W.: 6HP, ~: HZH, 307; 6AVR, fifi; 6AHQ, 76; 6BJY, 20; 6AUB, 19; 6AVX, Ul: HZB, 16; 6TW, 4; SEC, 10: 61V, 46; HZN, 60: <!EB. :; 9 , ~RQC, 26; 6BRG. 10: 6BUN, 22; GRQR 2n: GME, f\; ,;BJC. 17; 6BQY, 6; tlRVG, 14; GBRF: t: 6BQG. :!8; 13BQZ, !8; f\BEQ, 8; GOM, 8: •lPI, JO!!; flKA. 48; 6ALA, 64; 6RR, 7; 6BDW, 10· 6BRD l''• 6(\17 17• 6ZR •>· 6BKO 8· 6FT 4: ;;.rn.-tiza~·o.: rr0'N.. 12s: 6ATd. is: Gtv.' ao; izE: ll3; 6AUR, 54; ilARX, 150: 6GF, 12; 6AK. ,i6; 6GR, 14; <IFH, ilO; 6flX, r,: 6ARF, 20: 6ZX, 79; 6AVM, :z: 6CC, .rnz: tiTC. '10: 6BBH. lO; 6BNW. 2; ,IZZ 331; Spark: SAOA. 122: 6ANM.. 60; tlZH, 24; 6AVR. 57; 6DJU, &7: 6AGK, 8; 60D, 132: 6ALD, 28; 6BAE, 2G: ,,uL. 32; 6APY, 41: 6PL. 28 · GKE ·~o: t!}~!RD. r.;; nBQD, :l; 61ru, 122; ·onR, 10; 6GS. ~~-

ROANOKE IlIVISION-c.w., 8BPU, i,5; 8AUE "7: MSP. 1:5: 8GAY, :J2; 8BKE. 48; 8RDB, 34: ~AIP, :19: &CZR, 68: 8CWV, 1: :H!LF, 661\; 3APR: 382; IIHZ •. 101: ;<ROI<', 89; 2RHL, 70; aGA, 61; ;;Hr.r. r,2: :nw. 49: :rnvc. 44: 3TJ, 42; ::sMo. 41; UHVL, :H; 3BNE, 27: 3ASP, 21: :rnF, 17; :!AEV, 16; :,A,TG, .I:!; :JCET,, Jl1: 3ATB, 10; 3ZZ, ~· 3AFW. 8; :JHL, I]; :~AHE. 5: 3HMN, :!; rnx. 125; -4FT, 207; 4N'l', 111; 4NV, 14; IDQ, 20: ,iLJ, 68: •WU. 112: 4EN. 27: 401, 84. Spark: 8BDA, ;;60; l!TH, 1: ~APR, G; :lAOV, :,.

ROORV 'MOUNTAIN IHVISION-o.w.: 6BOE, 60·; \iAMR, ·l~ :i: 9XAQ, 437: ilHJI, 214: H>TM,

l92, r,BxA •. po: 9BU,N, ss;99BXQ, 63; ocF'Y, ~9J

,.DHI, 16; 9CC'.J, 14; 9BVO, u7; 7AFW, 113; 7ZV, l6;.7LU; 139; 7ZO,86; 6ATQ, 56. Spark: 6APL. :Jo; 6BKE, 15.

VANCOTNER DlVISION-C.W.: l\CW, 95; 60T, 78; 4DQ, 19; 5GO, 23; f,EJ, 22; 4AB, 3; 5BQ, 13. Spark: 5A l{, 12; OAX. ,!,

WEST fHJLF DTVISION--C.W.: 5ZA, 223; IHS, H; 5!X, 416; 5VA, H2; liTC, 486; F,SF. 259; liDI, 206; 5PX, 125; 5XA,T, 75; 6QT. 2: 5NS, 76; l'iQS, l.28: 5XAJ. 150 (fone); 6ZH, 30: 6ZAD, 1: 60E, ;1; uZAE, 20; 5VO, 10; 5SS. 6; 6MT, 2: oZAI, 9; f.;{J,J,37: GTM, 38; 6KP-5ZU, ;Illa; f,YK, ll; 5XB, fiO: 6XAD, 14; 5XV, 204; 5AE, :!2: fi NK, 185; ,,NN, 105: 5ZX. 2; oTJ, 139: 5VM, 17; GZM. 60; &XT. 109; 5ZAV, 7»; 5f,B, 19; bTA, :l2; 5EL, 26; HTN, fl: fiAAR, 17: GUO, i:!•i. Spark: 5ACQ, 76; 5TU, 84: 5TP, 2:w: 5UG, 10; r;q•·r, 10: 6ZH. 62; GZAE, 27; f,HU, 2: 5YK, 8; f,HU. 44: !\AQ, 35; 6TTO. ::.

ATLANTIC DIVISION C. H. Stewart, Mgr.

Delaware: 3AFB and 3AIS al'e the onlv stations taking active part in relay work at this writing. However, prospects look good for some new .stations in the imme­diate future.

:MARYLAND: Practically all relay work ,:enters around Baltimore with the leading traffic stations 3AJD, 3APT, 3AC, :rWF, and :?.HG. New DX stations are 3PH and 3FX while 30U will be back with C. W. 3BUC and 3WF are increasing power on C.W. 3SQ is commencing to reach out in better shape. 3SF and 3UC are the only remaining spark stations.

DISTRICT OF COI,U:MBIA: 'fraffic has taken a big Jump. :mu, the sleepless won­der, .is the outstanding star. F'or ;;ome unexplainable reason south bound traffic is experiencing some delay. ;1LR is lin­ing up with more power. :JZW and :}KM will give a good account of themselves. "LC" of NOF is back again in the amatem fold, and we welcome him.

FJASTERN PENNSYLVANIA: Dist. No; l-•-/JQN blossoms forth with a new ~ink ir,ap and oil condenser. (Better peddle it, ·while you have a chane.e and hook up a eouple of small tubes.--F. H. S.) ::\CC an<l :3BLU continue to hump out in all direc­t.ions. aADQ and :JADP are doing g;oorl relay work. Dist. No. ~···-··HBNU has open­t~d up this eoal eountry and traffic .fa moving thru without delay. Di~t. No. 3-8ZQ is QRV for all traffic. 8BYK. 8BYH, 8BKA. 8ILX, and 8ATA are coming right along in good fashion. Scranton threater.z to put some g:ood stations on the air. Dist. No. 4-:1ZO could not be dethroned in message traffie. Perhaps the Traffic Man­ager c-an tell Mr. Beale why 8ZO was not in the fin HJ T ;A Tests. ( Oh s:ure ! That is easy. Hy r<>ferring to O,·tober <:tST :~zo w:HI see that one of the requirements, and the most imnortant, was that a Btation make formal application fo1· :final entrv. Such entry was not made by 3ZO-F'. H. S.) 8MB maintains daylight schnri11le,, w~h 3BIT. 3FS, :JXM, and !lZO. Pist. No 5-8AQR has increase<l power to l 00 watts.

46 QST February, 1923

3BIT has four transmitters, the 100 watt outfit being used for DX work. 3BIT has been appointed City Mana~r of Lancaster. 3CCU and 3ACY are still holding their own. 3AA Y has a daylight schedule w:ith 4BY. Philadelphia is better represented than ever before with such stations as 3KD, 3SM, 3RB, SFS. 3QV, 3RD, 3AGN, and :-!AW A on the job. 8lffi and 3TA are now C. W. stations--fo-r which we are thankfnl.

WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA: A de­cided improvement is noticed in activities which is further born out by the traffic summary of the stations. 80C and 8ABW art> new stations handling traffic. 8BMW and 80B will be heard from very soon. SAHE. SCNB, and 8RC are promising sta­tions. 8AGR with his 5 watter is doing wonderful DX work. 8EV is fortunate in not being QRM'd from KDKA commercial work after the programs. The 10th Penn. dist. suffers badly on this account and the only work done is during the early hours o-f the morning. 8XE ls the star station for the month "in Dist. No. 7. 8QC, 8VH, 8BRC, and 8CH are all operating full time and moving much traffic. In Dist. No. 11, 8BLT is the only station doing anything at nil. Dist. No. 9-8AGO is the traffic leader with 238 messages. SAGO has been reported by west coast stations and has worked 6ZZ. 8CFP. ex 8XM, is regarded as the least QRM'er in the state yet mes­sages are handled for the A.R.R.L. without lwthering other interest;:. The old spark at 8EW has heen heard fairly eonsistent­ly when Bud Cramp was home from school to operate. SAIO is eonsistently reported on the Pacific Coast and handles a good !"hare of the traffic. 8BRL, on spark and C.W .. is about even in each case. The 900 ,•yde I.C.W. ,i;,t you hear is 8ZE who is doing some rnighty good work. Poor 8C.FB-the same o.ld story-burned out all of his tubes. (Wouldn't it be wonderful if ,·acuum tubes were made of reinforced eon­rrete and couldn't burn ont'!-T.M.) 8BJV is one of the most eonsistent stations in th.-, s'ate and Scott has done much to get ail other stations lined up proper·ly. Con­nelsville is well represented on the air by 8WR, 8RRW, 8ALT, 8BSJ, 8BGG, and SABS. 8BJV has regular schedules with 9BFG, HBLG, 8AIW, 3BNU, 4EB. and 8SP. Rut hey! what's th"' matter with reports from im;JX, SSE, 8CKM, 8AKW, 8BTR, 8ALF, 8ACF, SDV, 8DR, and 8BPL'! 6AZQ with 100 watts is reaching the Pacific Coaf't. and handling traffic nightly, It has been ir, operation but a short time, how­t~ver. 8AAF will give a good aceount of himself in relay work with his 100 watter. 80W only reported a few messages and the way he reaches out he ought to handle at least 1000 a month. 8C:EJ tried C.W. for a short time and because he blew a couple of tubes had to go back to spark

until the old pocketboo½ spills over aga!n, 8ZD, operated by J. Le1gbner, P. E. Wig­gin, and F. B. Westervelt operate from 10:00 P.M. to 4:00 P.M. on Tuesday, Thurs­day and Saturday; and 10 :00 P.M. to 1 :00 A.M. on Monday, Wednesday, Ifriday, and Sunday. 8CKM will be on in a new loca­tion with 100 watts.

NORTHERN NEW ,TERSEY: 'ro 2AWL is due much credit for his persistent work in lining up stations who have lead the dis­trict for the third time in handling traffic. By contrast, 3CG asks for better co-opera­tion in his section, and he should have it. 2CKL has schedules west and south. 2BBB has a schedule of 4 A.M. to 7 A.M. Monday, Wednesday, and Thursday. 2AJF dears on schedule with 3A WA at 6 :30 A.M. Pat­erson turned in 300 messages. That used to be a good report for a whole year. Don't quite understand why 2CJA stuck in a spark set. "Sink Spark" Ostman, 20M, is making an effort to dump the spark for two 50 watters. "SW" is away at the hospital. so the gang will not be hearing him on the air for a couple of weeks.

EASTERN NEW YORK: 2HW is hav­ing a heck of a time getting the gang lined up, and wants mol'e and better re­ports. (Hey, 1:r,ang! Is Brooklyn deadr Where are those t.raffic renorts'?-T.M. J let's g-et a little more action around this neck ·of the woods. Why man alive, these stations are doing scads of business. Tell us about it!

WESTERN NEW YORK: Traffic has taken a big jump and reports came in splendidly. - 8A VD has been appointed 1mperintendent of Dist. No. 11. 8AXN was the leading traffic station and but for antenna trouble he and 8ASL would have done much better. Rome tr&nsmitters are being over.hauled and activity is increasing.

CENTRAL DIVISION R.H. G. Mathews, Mgr.

A. drive is being made for messages in this division. Note the increase in the totals each month for the past four months. Our November report totalled 10,000. A.11 stations are t1rged to g-et their message :reports in through the proper channels be­fore the 2fith of the month. and heip put their division in the lead permanently. We have always lead the League in traffic handled and there is no reason why we should not continue to do so.

Special attention is called to the won­derful totals of SFT, with 6:39; 9VZ with 807; and 8ALC with 631.

KENTUCKY: HOX i~ being heard by many sixes and sevens. 9VZ, operated by Kleman and Brown of old 9UH, hands in a splendid total. They are using a sparfc set. (Well! well!! well!!!--T.M.)

OHIO: Considerable progress is shown in message handling. All over the ,;tate

February, 1923 QST 47

reports show that a number of stations are working with the Pacific coast with fair regularity. Most of the cities have adopt­ed· quiet hours from 7 :00 P.M. until 10 :30 P.M. in favor of the broadcast listeners, and as &, conseqaence, have very little trouble with interference complaints.

Dist. 2 and 6: These two districts are Jogging along without superintendents which accounts for the small reports. 8CMI operates only during week-ends due to ~t­tending (:ollege. 8IJ hands out a mce little bunch of messages this month. Dist. 4: This is the star district. Springfield is showing signs of life, while Dayton and Cincinnati continue to do first-class work. Dist. :J : Has more than trebled the num­ber of messages. Akron has come to the front with a nice report of messages handled. Dist. 5: Has nearly doubled the number of messages reported last month. M. I:<'. McDowell succeeded in lining up a new station 8AER, who is with us this month. Dist. G: 8CXW has his station finished, and was in operation only a few davs before the end of the month. 'rhis station makes another link in an east and west route.

WISCONSIN: .At a recent meeting in Milwaukee at which there were present the Assistant Division Manager, two Dis­trict Superintendents, several · prominent Wisconsin relay men, and the members of the Milwaukee Amateur Radio Club, the following trunk lines were adopted for the state of W'isconsin: Trunk No. 1-Runs along the Lake Shore. Trunk No. 2--­Milwaukee,Oshkosh, Neenah and Superior.

WISCONSJN ROUTES No. I Lake Shore . " i Milwaukee,Oshkosh,Neenah,Super,or " 3 Whitewater, Oshkosh. . • + Milw,:1Ukee,WaukeshaorWhifewater,Mad1son,l.aCrosse fl 5 1:>shkosh, Lacrosse " 6 !.8Cros~~ Superior

Trunk No. 3-Whitewater to Oshkosh. Trunk No. 4-Milwaukee, Waukesha or Whitewater, Madison and Lacrosse or Trempleau. 'frunk No. 5-0shkosh to La­Crosse or Trempeleau. Trunk No. 6-La Crosse to Superior. These routes are all in operation and handling traffic.

New officials for Wisconsin since last report are: M. ,J. Bishop, Supt. of Dist. 3; Rob. White, City Mgr. of S~perior; Irving Strassman, City Mgr. of Milwaukee; and Mark Doll, Citv Mgr. of West Allis.

Dist. 2: Several n·ew stations are spring­ing up in this district. The old ones . are not heard from anv more. Two stations doing some work are 9CCF and 9XL. Sta~ !ions in this district who are known to he handling traffic are: 9XL, 9CHE, 9CPT, 9EAR and 9AIP, but they have failed to report.

Dist. 3: 9ACM, 9DVY, and 9DLN, on the Lake Shore Route No. 1, have been heard recently, and judging from the noise they make they have been on regularly. 9DLX, owing to illness. has not been on the job :regularly. trnCH is doing ,,x­cellent work on 10 watts.

Dist. 4: Only four !,tations in this dis­trict have been handling traffic. Three of these are located at La Crosse, i. ,~.; 9ZY, 9AZN and 9AKY, all C.W. The fourth is 9CM of Trempeleau.

Dist. 5: 9YAC will be on the air with C.W. The old operators have been invited to again handle the set and to rebuilq it Jf necessarv. Three stations in Super10r, 9PN. 9DYG, and 9QS are doing good work.

ILLINOIS: Dist. 1 : This district is im­proving with renewed activity. _ Dist. 2; Headed by 9CA, hands in the astounding total of 1465 messages from twelve sta­tions. For one district to do nearly as much as the whole state did the preceding month is a testimonial to Dist. Supt. Berg­man's ability in picking his official relay stations. (F.B. OM, keep it up. How does the suit fit ?--T.M.)

Dist. 3: Under 9MC, is beginning to show what concentrated effort on the part of a conscientious worker wHl do. Dist. 4: This district has the star station. BDQU leads with 423 messages on a 50 watt bot­tlP. Dist. 5: Seems fo be the land of the unburied dead. This is the territory closest to the windjammers at St. Louis, which may explain the reason for no report. Dist. 6; is to have a district convention to evolve relay routes across the north part of the state, also for a social get-together. Chi­('ago, under City Manager N. C. Bos, re­ports a tremendous amount of . message work is being handled with 9UU, 9AA W, 9AOT and 9ZN.

SOUTHERN INDIANA: 9ARR is a sure QSR w·est. 9BRK has handled the most traffic 9AMO is on every morning from 3:80 to 5 :00. 9ARK has just returned from his

hon'=',vrnu«)n and pron1i~t's to hp (>l"l_ ·~•:ith 100 watts. 9LQ is irnndlin1s the hulk o.t' the traffic through Indianapolis. but t)BV P rind DBVZ ;-;re doing- good wP,-k. HY,J, a new ,,tation, will be a big heip. \lPD is doing ttood '\Vork on ~;;park. tl-ACE iH •:,n •:er-1;,t ~:r.,adiiv and is ,fr,ing n lot of ;(hort jump 1·,~Iay \'?Ork. f!DW A is doing i:,:ood work.

DAKOTA DIVISION N. H. Jensen, Mgr.

MINNESOTA: Di,;t. 1: .Northern Minne­,,ota i;; opening up in fine shape with mm::c telav stationfli Places that were impossi­ble '·to reach a ~·ear ago now have fine traffic service. All of the Duluth traffic was handled bv HGW. tK:O is temporarily out of commission. 9BAV and 9BAF ln­crea~ed traffic this month. 9BAF has a i.schedule with 9CMJ each noon. and !JCMJ has an outlet for westbound traffic through Fargo, North Dakota .. !JEAU fa nowJun­ning ;o, test ,;chedule with Duluth stac1ons, and this marks the opening of new terri­torv in the Iron Range eountry. !IA.OR is moving traffic with his usual efficiency. l!ABB is doing work and . heads the li><t for traffic handled in the district.

Dist. ~: Traffic is increasing rapirlly. 9A WM continues to do good work. He has:. heen in l'ommunication with Pacific ('Oac;t ,,tations m,arly every night during the past month ,,nd was QSO with t3ZAC for ten nights running. City Manager, Don Wal­!anef>. of Minneapoiis, formerly !:iDR. i:<1 now operating under the call OZT. ilAPW has put up a· ilf-i foot mast in place of the old 50 footer.

FOUTH DAKOTA: Traffic has moved much better. Davlight ,.,,01:k ls being tar­ried on with success. HBRI heads the list for traffic handled. Traffic westbound is being handled 9BRI tc, HA VZ and direct to pacific coast stations. !IASF is on the air regularly and is having wonderful suc­cess with 15 watts. Sioux Falls stations were slow in getting ,,tarted, but 9DKQ and 9A.IG are both on regularly.

NORTH DAKOTA: Very few stations are reporting traffic. !)GK ls doing {('OOd work. The Division Manager respectfully requests that all i'elay station operators get in touch with >mpt. T. W. ;rackson, 9FX. at Jamestown, and to send monthly reports to him, of traffic handled.

DELTA DIVISION J. M. Clayton, Mgr.

.Despite the neeessary slackness of mes­;:;age handling, due to the 1:ransatlantics, the message report for the division is hold­ing its own. 5KC with 519 me;isage~ on G.W. outclassi>s the rest of the gang. (F.B. KC. OM.)

ARKANSAS: [,SD after an absence of st>veral months ;,. hat'k on the air with the

ru,:•k w,w:on. .JD was one ,,f thP prize trailic handlers· for the Ftate 'in pre-broadeasting days, and l,; openir~g up as _thoug~' h,; in­tPnds Lu rnake up for lo;,t time. ,il.'.R, ,.,:,; t,;rF, is on fairly regularly and handling t.rafffr. ZR i- lo be c,implimented on the y:av he handle,- the traffic: oC B, GD(~ and fiCR are hearti nn th.e air nccfl.sionally. r,EN a ne,v C. V\T. l;,; on 1ww and tht'n nnJ inakes an '\nvrful" raeket here .in LR. 5 WE and 5WK are on the air with C.W. and are reaching out in fine style now. G:7.L';; :?O watter is pending dope for a C. W. ree­dfit>r.

LOUISIA..N:A: New Orleans continllej iO be well renre,,ented on th;; air by 51JK, GHB. GAA,' 5ZAP, 5LA and others. 5UK, however is handling the bulk of the traffic andcovering n•markable distances i>KC is being heard regularly on both _.:·oa~ts and handles gobs of messages. . Official rel av ;;tfltions ·· in Louisiana are re4uested t.o send in their monthly reports regularly, and not later than the 20th, to Hubert E. DeBen, 1044 Citv Park A•ie., New Or leans, La. DPBen is "now Af\sistant Divi!liol Manager for Louisiana in addition to bein12: ,,xecutive assistant. Our old friend Willie A ntonv, 5ZS, of Shreveport, is back with lJS ll!!ain on 100 watts C. w., I.C.W., and fone: He has gotten 4000 miies out of the C.W. and ls handling more tratnc on C.W. than he ever did on spark. ,Ji'.R OB. l :iABA is off the air waiting to llnish his fiO watt CW. ·

TENNESSEE: In Memphis GPF fa do­ing good work on. the l:ottlPs,. b1~t Np for a 1•.;port from him. f,hK mamtamf\ l11s ancient· lead over the g-ang. 5IK Ivorks t.he west coasters on one lone 50 watt tube hut no traffic. :'.iDO has been ehanged lo f>ZB. !iRZ has the sink going now and ha,; reached out very g-ood on % K.W. 5AAG is out on account nf burned-om tubes. 5HL is out due to same trouble, 5MB has been reported from Pacific coast and f>HL has been reported on the 10 watter from Porto Rico. 5QM ( ,:>x 5EG) is 011 and handling traffic OK.

HAWAIIAN DIVISION C. J. Dow, Mgr.

6TQ is our only ;,taticm in. Honolulu and .by :working on. sch_edule reliaJ>le com­mun1cat10n was mamtamed Jay atter dav. 6ZAC has been reaching nut quite steadily and working any number of stations on the mainland and it is regretted that 6ZAC will be no more when this appears in print .

EAST GULF DIVISION B. W. Benning, Mgr.

FLORIDA: Elist. No. l: 4HZ ls doing very good DX work with 1 0 watts. He works.S's, H's, and Canadians regularly and has worked 4GE ln daylight. 4HZ has

February, 1928 QST 49

schedules with 4FB. 4MT, and 4EB. Mes­c;a1:1:es over this route are handled speedily. 4MT works un the coast consistently. 4FS is back with (:.W. Dist. No. 2: 4NU has :mffered ~t the hands of some sort of radio fans who maliciously destroyed his com­plete outfit. It -1:s reported that a box 1>f tacks were dumped into the storage battery, his Reinartz tuner and transmitter \Vere smashed to bits, and his antenna <'.hopped down. Until the C.W. ,,et can be installed again 4NlJ will use spark. 4XK ii,; making some improvements. Dist. No. :i: M. Il. Ohlhaver, ,!BC, has been apµointed D.S. 4DL now has 100 watts and with 4BC keeps South l!'lorida open for traffic.

SOUTH CAROLINA: -UK and !EG have heen the only aetive stations this month. 1FQ and 4LA were busy with the season rush buying- Xmas presents.

GEORGIA: Dist. No. 2: ,1HS has added U.W. and uses it along with his spark for traffic work. 4BG 1:s the :<ante old 1·eliable. 4EH has been having some trouble., hence a small number of messages. ,:l,EB is the leading station for the month. 4FB has ;;chedules with 4HZ and 4FD. Dist. No, ;; : 4G-N, as usual has been pounding out 1-!:oc,d DX altho the number of mes­:,ages is small. 4FD lost considerable time because of the T / A Tests but managed to ring up a pretty good number of messages. Dist. No. 11: 4EL handled a nice hunch of messages. .JSK seems to be the connecting link b~tween Florida and Georgia a$ his location is an ideal one.

MIDWEST DIVISION G. S. Turner, Mgr.

Considering the holidays and the tests which have fo some extent detracted the attention of the fellows from their radio work, the reports received this month are good. The results they have aceomplish­ed in these few i<hort months ,how the7 have been on the Job. During the new vear we will aeeomplish great· things in the "Heart of the League" division.

MISSOURI: Conditions are progressing quite satisfactorily. 'rhe St. Louis Radio Association is busy increasing its member­ship and satisfying the listener. The A~­sistam Division Manager is now working '.Vith the broadcast situation in St. Louis and has succeeded in arranging a plan that :"atisfies the amateur, broadcaster, and listener. Jt also arranges a satisfactory ,:iehedule for the C.W. and spark. As a whole it is a very fine piece of work and is quite an accomplishment. (F.B. Doc.----­T.M.)

f!DXN has been appointed an official r<"lay station. 0. E. McDaniel, the official r(,111te man, has left the Midwest Division. 'rhe new appointee will be announced next month. f• BED blew his 50 watter and is 1ww using two f.i watters. 9AON is still

on the job but due to holidays hi~ mes­sage total is very small. HBIE, ti,\ LX, ()CUM, !JCGK, !lPW, 9CJC ar" ,;winging in line for good vrork. UBDS anrl \JDWh. are always on the Job.

'l'he month has been marked by an up­heaval of radio affairs in Kansas City. At the regular meeting of the radio club, De­cember 7th, by a vote of the membership, resolutions were adopted condemning broadcasting in Kansas (;ity which has b,•en started from 11 :45 l-'.M. to about .l :00 A,M. The resolution also :;tated our intentions to observe silent hours from 7 :80 to 10 :30 P.M. provided local broad­ca~ting eeased at 10 :30 P.M. Broadcast­ing stations are 'l)aying little attention to the wishes of the local club and the uno:..-ganized listeners' pleas. The plan :for a division of time has failed to produce results. WHB has secured call 9XV a.nd if it fa used properly, it may he of con­siderable' value fo Kansas City as an aid to some of the over-worked amateurs.

Kansas City's customary increase in mes­:sage traffic is again shown. The follow­ing- stations have recently installed C.W.: 9DJB, 9A YL and 9RR. fJDAE and 9BMN, on route "0," will make the jump direct with 9A YL in Kansas City. 9DAE also has a 6 :45 A.M. schedule with 9AQR of Kansas City, so the line is <>pen on two different schedules. 9EX has Jost a 50 watter. 9ANO has Junked his llpark ,wt and completely overhauled his station for C.W. 9CTG Iias also junked his spark. 9DSL is now on C,W.

The District Superintendent of Western Missouri reports that an attempt was made with 9CHJ and other southern stations to get a south ~aylight route working, but so far, they have had no luck. Don't give up men! New Sedalia stations now on the air are: !lCOU, 9BWR. !JCDH, and llEFB. Sedalia is a good outlet for Kan­~as City traffic. Columbia has been well represented during the last month by 9YM, 9CWB, ftAO,J and })HO.

!"IA(JR takes traffic ho1101's with 205 mes­sages.

50 QST February, 1923

KANSAS: The Kansas gang have been playing in hard luck, burning out tubes. The Assistant Division Manager burned out one 50 and two of the small ones. (Tubes are not particular who burns them out, eh! --T.M.) What is the matter with the traffic report this time fellows? When :your station handles any messages be sure that you, and this state, get credit for 'em. No reports were received from the Wichita nr Kansas City Managers. Snap out of i.t• fellows, or we will he looking for new C.Ms.

Stations doing good work this month are: 9DTA, 9CCV, 9AEY, 9ABV, and 9AOG. A new 5 watter has opened up at 9AOD. 9DUN is now !JEFA. 9BS has resigned as Route Manager of Kansas on account of school work. In his place Clifford PE-ters, 9DTA, of Ton~anoxie, Kan~as. has been appointed. .

f• AOG again wins traffic honors for the divh,ion with ;J72 messages.

IOWA: Considerable transcontinental traffic is passing through the state. Sta­tions making this large message total pos­,;ible, are: 9BGH, 9DKY, 9FK, fiBSZ, 9BIK. OARZ, HAOU and 9AHH. Each of the'.,(' fellows handled over 150 messages. Com~ on. Iowa, let us show them that even if this is "where the corn grows high and the west begins" that we can push the traffic through.

!)CLQ has had some tough luck, burn­ing out tubes, but keeps going. 9DOF is putting in f.>0 watts. 9BLT has just opened up on C.W. J.t is rumored that old 9FP will he back with 50 watts signing 9EDB. {Ur welcome OM). !HJL is back with the gang again. Besides the stations listed above the following are doing their hit: 9GXP. 9AFW, 9AMI, 9BFG. 9DJM. 9APE, !JCHN. 9BDR, 9BCF. 9BZE, and llDSL.

l.lBGH with !HO messag-es wins Iowa honors.

NEBRASKA: No reports were received outside of Omaha and unless some imme­diate action is taken there will be some 11ew appointments.

Traffic to Omaha goes thru like the north wind thru a silk shirt. Trame to the south­west goes to Wichita, Oklahoma City, Hous­ton; 'northwest to Fargo, Falls City, and Yankton; northeas to Chicago, Minneapolis, and St. Paui; southeast to Kansas City, Louisville. and Hammond. But few mes­sages hang on the hook longer than 24 hours. We have commenced to realize the immense imp.ortance of delivering mes­sages by mail. usually all neatly written on· a regular message blank and numerous QSL's have ('.ome back. 9ATD, 9CIM, imSM. UYU. 9DNC, 9BXT, and 9HT are ~etting out wonderfully and handling traffic. 9ASO is out temporarily. \)F,W and 9DXY have ~old nut. 9HT i;,, heing recon11tructecl at fJSC. The "Quiet Hours"

are working like a charm and no com­plaints are being registered by the B.C.L.'s.

NEW ENGLAND DIVISION I. Vermilya, Mgr.

-·--··-The .following have been appointed

Official Relay Stations: lCQZ, 1CM, lBVR, 1IL, lIX, lLL, 1BAN, 1AIR, lA WW. lA WE. lBQD, lAMD, and lKP. In con~ nection with the announcements of these appointments let it be said that anv 0.R.S. which fails to send in reports every month without a good reason will have

0

the cer­tificate cancelled. O.R.S. certificates are given only to stations that ean hold such appointment, and to hold it a station must report every month.

Taking into consideration the time lost in the T/A Tests, 7392 messages is not what could be called a slack month.

MAINE: Considerable traffic is being handled during daylight in the Pine State: 1BDI and lBAS have been heard bv 40!. lBRQ handled traffic with 401 direct: C.W. statiom1 doing good work are lKX, and lIT. The spark stations leading in traffic are: . lBRQ, lFM. 1BQL, lCIB, 1BJS. IACO, and 1CDO.

NEW HAMPSHIRE: The old state is making good under 1CM with the assistance of su<:>h good stations as 1CQ.T and 1TX. Stations are few, but traffic moves regu­larly.

VERMONT: 1ARY, 1.BHC, and lC,TH keep things lively and messages do not linger long on the hooks. -

RHODE ISLAND: 1.BVB is now C.W. being on the job regularlv between a and 8 A .M. lGV is :reaching out fine in all directions. Other traffic ·handling stations are lBES, lA WE, 1 BQD, 1AMD, lABC, lCSW, 1II. 1CBP on C.W. and lAHT on spark.

CONNECTICUT: lQP, the A.D.M. pro­poses that every Sunday be "ham dav" and that every available station turn out and handle traffic in daylight. 'fhen on Mon­day each station will report to 1QP and in that way new st~tions may be appointed as a result of their showing on Sundav. Here is R bunch that mav be heard with the erowd: lAGH, 1BM, i'IV, 1A YQ, lJT, lCR, lAYU. lBIY, 1BGF, lAW. lMY, 1QP, 1CKP, lCKI, and lQO. .

MASSACHUSETTS: Springfield has re­turned to the lime-light once again with an outburst of r1mewed enthusiasm. Twelve r,uiio clubs are being instructed in code and theory by the old timers. l CMK and lBWY pushed a goodly number of mes­sages thru. Leading stations are lCNI, lASF, 1BZN. DCM. 1CPN, lBYN, lBKQ, and 1 BET. 1 ZE is arranging a Transat­lantic "''-"hedule with British 2KW for two nig:hts a WPPk

February, 1923 QST 51

NORTHWESTERN DIVISION H. F. Mason, Mgr.

IDAHO: 7OT reports everything hunky­dory in his state. Dist. 1-7JF is breaking in two new operators, those of 7 A.GU and 7FT. 7FT, it will be remembered, is an old timer and was Idaho's A. I • ;vL some years ago. (Welcome back to the brass OM.) Little QSS is experienced in work­ing out of Moscow. Sehedules are main­tained with 9A WM. 5KC, and 6XAD. 'fwo 5 watters died this month. Dist. 2-7WG is not able to pound brass much, but is doing Ms share of DX when on. He also works 7LY in daylight. (F.B.) He is in­stalling a new antenna and a C.\V trans­mitter. Dist. a-Traffic in the Boise dis­trfot is slipping right through. 7 A.EM on 10 watts, has been heard 825 miles west of San Francisco. 7HJ is doing very well on 50 watts and is imnroving his set. 7YA is in operation on :~75 meters again with his 150 watt C.W. a.nd the old spark. 7OT if! doing very good work on 100 watts and will he on pure C.W. shortly. He has worked GZAC and land stations up to 2,000 miles distant, besides being the star station for the division. An early morn­ing .c;chedule is being maintained at 7OT and 7AEM. 7LU is the most consistent station east of Boise and handles the bulk of the traffis east. 7PJ is open for traffic in Boise. Spark now, but C.W. soon.

MONTANA: No detailed report on activ­ities received The matter is being taken up with the fellows over there and some changs will be necessary in the personnel to perk up Montana's organization.

OREGON: On December 28th, 2Hth a"d }!0th, the Division Manager was in Port­land and found that although there are lots o.f stations on the air, and traffic is going through, there is a complete lack of ci1-operation in the matter of getting reports in. The question was squarely put before the local radio dub and it is i:;in­cerely hoped that the gang can get to­gether down there. All Portland stations are requested to get their reports to 7DP, as the official League representative and District Superintendent in .Portland, by the .15th of each month. He 1vill then see that the renorts are properly made up and put in QST, but it's up to each and every one nf you to get behind Dippy and show :1ome real co-operation.

Dist. 2-7HD reports conditions as very good in his district during the past month. 7HD is handling traffic in all directions. Dist. r,--7MF. 7LR and 7NA are handlin~ the bulk of the traffic going ;,outh. 7NA has opened up on his 10 watt ;,et and worked into Wisconsin the first night. 7TQ is doing very consistent work. Dist. il-• No report rPceived from District Superin­tendent, 7MU, but Mr. Bowser of Silver-

ton sent in the news from his part of the country. (F.B. OM.) He states that most of the old gang have quit radio, but that several new stations are on the air. 7AGE is a newcomer in Salem. He started out by copying S's and 9's on a fence. (???'?-D.M.) At Silverton 7IN and 7CW are NM, and we regret to hear of the pass­ing of these two premier stations. 7AGP is a new station.

WASHINGTON: 'fraffic has been moving better than 1!ver before. New stations are into the relay game, and the old timers who dropped out when broadcasting was all the rage are coming to the front. Dist. 1-7O,J reports that traffic is moving with regularity. 7N,J will be on soon with C.W. Come on 7UQ, get on the job, OM. Dist. 2-No report has been received from the Grays Harbor district. It may be nec­essary to make a change in this district. as there .is considerable traffic being handled that should be reported. Dist. 4-7GP reports that amateur activities are on the incrf>ase. The BCLs are anxious· to learn to read the "buzz buzz'' 7GP on C.W. is handling traffic and is working ninth dis­trict stations. Traffic from the Sound go­ing in any direction is QSR'd easily. Dist. 5-7BJ reports traffic almost doubled. 7ZK. 7 AIC and 7BJ have been hard at it. 7ZK savs there is lots of QRM-BQH says it's QR Rum and BJ says its static. Anyhow its awful. and interferes with DX work. 'rhe weather has been quite favorable for DX and traffic in every direction is moved with ease. No more stale messages on the hook. It sure is fine to hear all the elassy C.W. on the air and getting through. Dist. (!-Traffic has been moving with the usual regularit~, but the stations are not coming across with reports. 7 A II is prov­ing a good relay station and works east and south with fair regularity. 7WM has been holding his own with a 50 watter (and an awful ·hum). 7AGV and 7QE are still doing fair work on C.W. 'fhe Radio Club of Tacoma has a live publicity committee and is putting the amateur side of the game before the Radio Public. KFEJ is a new broadcasting station that Is giving some valuable aid to the A.D.M. and the dub along the publicity 1irie.

Dist. 7-Waskey reports that conditions are improving steadily in his district. 7 AFH in Monroe is working 7MF in daylight and is reaching out well in all directions. 7ABB is reaching into the 5th and 9th districts with his 100 watts. 7EQ and 7PF are also doing well. 'fhe bulk of traffic goes through 7BK, 700, 7 ADP, and 7MH. 7FR finally threw away the synk spark and is breaking through on 15 watts of the "old reliable." (You don't mean it!-F.H.S.) 7FD has handled traffic direct with 8CMI. 7UU is still out with a broken mast. Dist. 8--'rhi• district has come to the front with

·52 QST February, 192:1

a ban,g-. Mr. Leonard •rate. 7JS. has been appointed District Superintendent. He will be on soon with C.W. 7AIO is work­ing north OK and traffic in this direction should be routed through him. 7UD is on the job with 5 watts. ·· He is working in all directions when possible to g-et s·ome one to take up his traffic. 7WD is having trouble getting out on spark. (Maybe bet­ter luck with C.W. OM.) Dist. t)-7NE has made himself known. but has not vet turned in his traffic report. Dist. 10, h. and 12. No reports, due to the fact that Mr. Maybe is changing his qRA, and build­ing a C.W. set. Dist. 13-Wbile this dis­trict is the infant of the state, the results under Mathes have been more than grati­fyfa.1g. A.II amateurs in the district are keen for traffic work. Heretofore, Seattle has been the ,'.learing house for traffic originating in district l!J, but ln the past month the Gravs Harbor and Portland dis­tricts have be~n worked direct Bremer­ton amateurs have obtained quarters for a central statfon in the High School and ,vill maintain a eontinunns watch. 'J.1he Amateur Radio Operator's Club of Bre­merton i>< giving 1.:ode instruction and other instruction nf'CPssary to obtain an amateur operator's iicense. By Judicious propa­,:mnda in the local nevrnpaper. the amateurs havP won the e;;tPem of the nuhlic and this has been reflected in the volume of traffic handled. 7ACZ is QSO Bremerton. 7AAO. 7ABV, 7ABW will all he on the job in thf' near future. 7ACA and 70E are doing the bulk of the relay work with the able ns;eistance ,,f 7DC, 7NG and 7AIF. 70E has ~aid something about a eouple of 50 watters. ( 1\fore power to !'OU OM.) The Central statk>n has been assigned the call 7HE. There wiil be some YL's sined on as ops. there too. we understand.

ONTARIO DIVISION A. H. K. RuHell, Mgr.

1 })22 was a hanner year :for us! '\Ve had practically no .inter-communication at the iwg-inning--but just look at us now. 1!)~:3 will see us even further along- in the gam~ ,ince the Radiotelegraph ·Depart­ment ov its darification of t.he amateur radio 1,i'ws, has pointed out that they ,:on­;:;ide,· the ,,mate.ur. e,;pedally the C.W. smat;o11r. 1.vorth while. The Department intends to Pncourag-e the cunateurs. 'l'he Transcanadian Relay, without dnnbt, will eorne to pass very shortly a11ri evPr/ ('pna­dian ''ham" li-:, r:::f1.e:er for the chance b'.l t~_ it. •• . 0 n 0'1 ' ,~ _."j

\VPsteTn ;)nt.ano With ,,.DH. JBV., ,.lt,N, f!BS, 3.XN. 3FA. ~.nd ;;TA. is le!'lding: GE>n­fral Ontai·io il. ;1ierry race. Traffic· moves thrn these ,ctation~ like water nrns .:,ff a duck's hack. L,,ndon and Toronto Oare in daviight eommunic.ation on schedule ,rnd traffic :<imply flies thru. Central Ontario

sends out a bold deft to Western On-tario and a,;ks to he :"hown up ai:,;ain--if it can be done. :rn:o has been Hppointed City Manager of Chatham. 3AD has been ap­pn inted City Manager of Sarnia. ;JKP con­Unues to han<lle the hulk of the business :arnund the Niagara section anii new sta­tions are coming along. 8EI moved from Toronto to get away from qRM, and on spark moved some messages. 3;n and 8.JK hav;o hooked up together and have one real i,:11111:l. station. HA;f, formerly interested in broadca,t.ing. ; ·1ves our be-;t stations a run for the highest traffic honors. 9CD, ex 3GE, is doing twi<"e the work ou C.W. that was done 011 spark. :ico ha::; lieP;l appointed City Manager of Tornnto, and he bumns along ev.-n tho he has onlv one tube left. Eastern i:>ntario has rncce'ected · in nicking­up 2l3G. 2EI, and 2AN. This opens the way for traffic and is e,pecially of value 'in the Transcanadian Relay for working: farther east.

PACIFIC DIVISION J. V. Wise, Mgr,

CALIFORNIA: Dist. No. l: 6B,JY, uAHF, and i:iBJU have ehanged ovn to C.W. fl7,B and 6ZH continue to· handle their share of the traffic. Dist. No, 2: The new Pacitlc Plan has met with g:reat favor and is working out nicely and much traffic i.s handled even before 10:00 P.M. GEB has increased power to i'iO watts. Dh,t. Nu. .j: fiTU is back with his sink spark after t·epairing his antenna which came down in a storm and which put l.lATC out. 6ATC has not recove1,erl a;s y1et.. HL V i, as re­liable. as ever in moving traffic. .Dist. No. 7: The slump in traffic is not due to in­activity but to the business of remodeling and which is producing some splendid sta­tions among which ,iie find dGF, H(;R, ilABX, GGX; 6FH, i3AK, and 6ZX. f.A VM has the C.W. now in place of the spark. Dist. No. 8: tiTC and 6CC without ques­t.ion rlid some mighty good work with 6ZAC and since (iZAC is leaving the island we believe these two i,tatlons will eontinue to work effic.ientlv with 6ZY as soon as that 'lstation gets 011 the air. Reports from the other districts are missing.

ROCKY MOUNTAIN DIVISION N. R. Hood, Mgr,

Everv month the Division Manager is go­ing- to \,heck the li~t ,:,f official r-elay ita­t.ions al!ainst the stations t·eporting- and he who·, fails to report will h,we his ap­nointment cancelled·: If ;1011 are in doubt ·;,..,, to whom you report, look in th•2 front of this i;;,me and fond your division anrl then look for y,1nr state ,rnd the A.D.:M. ih,ted. He ,,-m he i>Jad to tell you to ·whom you report. Our operatirn,: 0 nonth~ run from the 1 Bth to the 18th of eiieh

February, 1923 QST 53

inonth. 'fhis i:,; the last warning from the D.M. about reporting, and is final. Let's have no certificates carice!led.

Did you see what we did for November'? Tn:creased our traffic :!:10 % over ()rtober. Did you see our special box seat for traffic ~onors?. Did you see what state sat on '.··?P of the gang? Who will be there next nme? .Gosh ,men, you g-otta work now or the first, thmg you know, cow 1iunchers or 5alt mmers will boost the Colorado 1?-ther pounders off the coveted perch. The p.M. favors no state; he is just a judge m the race, and hopes to see each state rest on that high perch at some time or oth!!r. We want this division jun like a. ''Hinie" picnic, something doing nli the tlme ... ~Ielcl_dquar!ers ha~ kept us pretty l~usy this tall with special tests and the hke, a_nd. bet:veen fighting for our place in the wrnd and moving- traffic this will he a l.mrmer year for us hams.

Because of many bad storms out here there has been nriginated :m Hmateur dis­trrss eall "ASA." Now this is not another "CQ," men, but a call that in case of dire necessity ~s to be used and this office wili do all m its power to protect an amateur vrho u:-;es that call for humanity sake in casi; of storm or disaster, if there be lodged t~gamst him serious complaints by BCL's. Un th; other hand if this call he used for \-my :nher P\<rpose than that for which it 11.as b?f'n or1gmaterl, there will he a hot :;ime ,ln so!!1e town that night. The let­rers . A SA- were chosen in that it is a i::ood keyi~g eombination and will at once ~e recogmzed. Re_member, you men in ,,,olorad_o and \Vyommg, especially, that this call exists, and in ease of another tie up like we ~ave had each ~'ear, use th~ ,:mll .. and tlurmg those times all men who poss1bly,can, stand ~y \heir sets until they t-mow _wire <:<:,~mm~1cation has again been established. i ou will remember the Pueblo flood, and other like disasters, so never do v,e hams. want to be caught ,vithout ,;ome me~ns of help these broadcasting days.

Bang, Bang, look what happened! Colo­ra~o ~:,lew nµ, went rky high and is now e,e.ttlect <lown, :~g-ain with a whole new line n_f League otpcials. The following is the new ~m<;-UP in _5,olorarlo. A.D.M., ,J. L. Turre 'I 0~-.1 Xth ~t., . Denver. Colo.; Dist Snpt.: J:'.h)hP L~_sKow,1rz. ,.-n1 Marion St., Denver, t-010 ; , .. 1ty Mgr. for Denver, .T. Lewis ~a_th11w:'Y• 157(; Pennsylvania St. Denver, ' r,Jo. ( n,lorarto is just hummin!?" now. A 11 ••011 men 1n C<•lorado who have any matter what-~o-ev,:,r, take it up with '-"~•Ur new 0 tt\r+:1!s rs.rid ,?nu •,vi1! receive pi•ompt at­tention.. '!'he ,mnual p]ection was held in J lenver ]"nd:3:y, December 15th. 'You Colo­r~d_o. void rnmers r-;et he hind the men you :,,elected and bno;;t your state to ;" fare­thee-well.

Do :·ou rc•mcmber the daylight trans-

cons? Do you remember the midnight oil t.hat many of us burned trying to get a 1''.n'!t~ over the mountains J.hjrough this d1v1s10_n ~o the Pacific coast? Well gang, Y?~ ~Id 1t! A transcon went through this d1v1s1on over the Rocky Mountains and lan.ded on the west coast. 9AMB. OBOE, and 6BKO get the credit in this · division as far as. can be as~ertained. 6BOE got /;he w:-st transcons from 9AMB. He gave 1t to. 6R~O, but was unable _to get '.1 QSL for 1t. . bBOE broadcasted It and 1t was receive4 i~ Bellev;ew, ~ashington. Again !!1MB 1s m the hme light, and our "six" friends d.eserve a lot of praise for their gnod_ work in getting that message across. To HAMP and 6BOE goes the credit of having done the job.

COLORADO: See who sits in the box seat this time. All done on C.W. and in the early hours of the evening.

~$****************** ;t C.W.-482 Msgs. :t :i, J. L. Hathaway, ;t * 9AMB ¢ t Denver, Colo. ;f ***********$~******i

9BJI is the first station of Denver to handle traffic direct with 6ZAC and it was done on one fifty watt tube:' 9CFY is a new station. A regular schedule between 9CFY and Denver will be in effect as soon as possible that all southbound traffic for Colorado can be shot right to that part of the state. Nearly all the traffic handled by 9AMB was put through between the hours of 5 :30 and 7 :30 P.M. Get on the air along about this time and see the scads of stations looking for traffic. 9DTM has changed from his old reliable 20 watts of D.C. C.W. to 100 watts of A.C. C.W., and from the way be sounds around Den­ver, it seems his 20 watts wo1·ked about twice as good as his.100 watts. We know that ~he A.C. C.W. causes a lot more QRM than the generator. 9ZAF blew a quarter K.W. tube and was out of commission on traffic work for the past month. 9CNS was. in ~enver visiting a bunch of his many rad10 friends. 9XAQ is open again with a C.W. set.

WYOMING: 7LU takes traffic honors for Wyoming this month. Connections west frofl'!, this part of the division is hard, and traffic, a good many times, is delayed on aceount of trouble connecting w~st.

0

7AFW nms 7L U a dose iiecond. 7 AFW 11ses lO watts of G.W. 7ZV has his 100 watter going with two operators. His second trick man is Slauson of 7ZG. 7ZO continues in the ~ame old way. 'fraffic is moving over the Sage Brush state better than it evl'r has, Why? C.W., 'eh? . - .

UTAH: 0BOE takes traffic honors for Utah and for noteworthy achievements

54 QST February, 1923

during the month. 6BOE QST'd the trans­corui to the coast after it had been "heaved over the mountains" to him. 6ZM has been out of commission for a while wait­ing for suitable protectors for his motor­generator Ret. l!ZM is also KZN, another of our traffic handling broadcast stations. UBKE got in a bad mood and knocked his works to pieces and in the rebuilding much improvement and efficiency has been gained. Let her buck, 6BKE, t~A•rH has the bottles oscillating. (IATQ has estab­lished a schedule with 9BXA and 7'rQ, and traffic moves very nicely over the route. l'.lAPL is on again and his traffic report this time was done in one week.

ROANOKE DIVISION W. T. Gravely, Mgr.

Honors this month go to a Virginia sta­tion and to one which has been perform­ing admirably. Behold the "box."

.;,,..1,.:t:,.:t:,.:t,,t.,t.,t.,t.,t.-t,,:t:.:t:,.:t:,******

* * +.!- C.W.----6ti5 Msgs. -r+ :J: C. Russ Hoffman, t +J- 8BLF i f Richm~nd,_~irginia

* Spark-260 Msgs. * * Morris & Stealey, of+ * 8BDA of+ :i'. Parkersburg, W. Va. # ~*******************

Interest has ,ientered the past rnond1 around the transatlantic tests, and due to this fact, traffic has not been quite as active a.<1 it might have been . The man­ager wishes to congratulate those stations which made the "big jump," and his hat is off to each one of you. Also, the manager wishes to thank every station in the entire division for its sportsmanship during the European reception periods, and to con­gratulate each one for that fine spirit of co-operation, as the Roa nuke Division had, probably, the most quiet one throughout the reception periods.

Lt is with regret that we have to re­port traffic suspended for the time being be-tween Porto Rico and the States, 4OI is temporarily, out of the game. Traffic will be resumed at the earliest possible mo­ment.

WEST VIRGINIA: The BL's are falling over ,themselves in an effort to 1:ret re­eeiving sets installed and the hirniness never was so great. Dist. 1-D.S. ,Jones has been trying for •r / As. He has also been doing the "Boiled Owl" along \,7ith the Christmas rush in his store, and says it has about gotten him down. No report from Clarksburg. Dist. 2-D. S. Liller has been so busy he has scarcely had time to write, but his interest is keen. Dist 5-8BDE is going to put in 100 watts and

8BKE 150 watts. 8BKE reports having been heard on the west coast by 32 sta­tions. There is a new station in Charle• ton, 8AIP, on 10 watts of C.W. Dist. 5-8BDA only ran for one week when it wu visited by the Radio Inspector and license suspended. (Rotten luck.) They are ar­ranging to install 100 watts C.W.

VIRGINIA: Let's get that Form No. l and Form No. 2 straight for once. Form No. 1 should be sent to all of your relay stations who make the usual report thereon in the prescribed form. This is forwarded to your District Superintendent not later than the 15th of each month, along with any comments which you may think will prove of interest. ('rhis last is very desir­able--D.M.) This data is written into the usual letter report of your District Super­intendent to the Assistant Division Mana­ger and the message report is entered on F'orm No. 2, which is sent to the Assistant Division Manager each month, along with the report. It is not necessary to send F'orm No. l to the Assistant Division Man­ager if all the dope has been taken :from same. AU those not having the :relay sta­tion certificates should make application to their respective District Superintendent.a for same. These requests then go to the Assistant Division Manager for approval, thence to the manager.

Dist. 1-There seems to be a dropping oft' of traffic in this district. (What's the trouble'!--D.M.) 3ACK on l() watts was logg-ed by 7PN. on two different oc<:'asiona w·hile testing the set out at 3ZZ, but when installed at its permanent location it would not work. (Howcum?) 3BVC reported 1300 miles on 10 watts and is handling lots of traffic. ~rnNE is getting out in fine shape since changing his antenna and is hand­ling traffic. 3ZZ got in very little traffic due to sickness. His signals have been re­ported at great distances. He was un­fortunate enough to get a bad burn from the set and lost his one typewriting finger, and is now using the "hunt and peck sya­tem." (Sa Bo! We have our troubles, don't we?-D,M.) 3AAG is heard on the air, but failed to make any report. Here is more dope on the antenna. llBVC and 3BNE changed from fl.at tops to cages and in­creased the ranges. Now. that starts more argument. (Will Kruse come to the res­cu~? l Dist. 2 is another district with little traffic on account of the transatlantic tests. Petersburg has a bunch of stations and the number is increasing right along. Latest addition is 3AOT. 3CEL is going strong, and turns in a good report. {Atta hoy.)

Dist. 3-3BVE increased power and got over. :3BIJ. on 100 watts. seems to have better luck with the fives than with the others and is afraid the 5 will run out. He has been reported by 6AMT and 6BUD. 8MO still uses the elothes-line for an an-•

February, 1923 QST 55

tenrui., and gets out, working Canadian sta­tions best;. Considerable work is done from .Richmond in daylight, and several regular schedules are maintained. The BLs have it from 7 :00 until 10 :30 P.M. in this city. Dist. ,f-:rnLF (another one of them to get across) ,when reported by 6ZAC, took all the doctors to bring him "to." 'fhis sta­tion is the star station for this month, snd is in operation on several daylight 11chedules. As many as 100 messages have been handled on one nighJt, and 250 sta­tions worked during the month. Dist. 5-3BOF with 50 watts and new cage antenna ill doing fine. 3AFW, while not handling much traffic, is a real bug. 3SK, 3CI, 3CER. and 3CDY report no traffic, but they are new ones just getting under way. 31W is not handling his usual bunch of traffic. A new mast 60' high, and a new antenna Just installed may help the situa­tion. Dlst. 6-Some traffic is being han­dled, but on account of the small number ef stations, they cannot do much. How­ever, a fine spirit is shown. 3BHL has pep. Dist. 7-3YK, V.M.I. station, prom­ises to get in now since the "pig-skin" :!!leason is over. aCCB is a new station at Washington & Lee, operating spark. (How about it OM?) 3ZAA finally got the set to work and will be getting out in good shape now. Dist. 8-There is only one stationso far in this district, 3APR, who does excellent work, having· several day­light schedules, and ready ot take on all new comers. We understand our old friend 3zy is now located at Lynchburg and is hot after a broadcasting station. ( Go after him 3APR-D.M.) Dist. 9-3RF is back in the game and clearing traffic. 3 BIY is having his troubles. (Keep trying OM.) 3XN assigned to V.P.I.Blacksburg, has been heard on the air lately. 3BHS and 3BKX are having trouble with C. W. transmitters. 3BNM may come back soon. 3CU and 3AIR are now getting out on C.W. (Traffic report next time, please.) 3HL is getting in the game again and handling traffic. Dist. 10-3AOV, the only station in the district, operates spark, but seems to have been converted over to the bottles, and likely will have a real "he" set shortly. (Atta boy, you are about to talk "turkey.") 3BWY is coming up. (We need you OM., won't you let us hear from you often?) Mr. Van Nestrand, the Radio Inspector, paid a visit to several of the Virginia cities recently: Richmond, Danville and Roanoke. He made a little talk to the amateurs and . BLs regarding the QRM that is claimed to be so great on 360-400 meters, and it is hoped that the matter was fully under-1tood as it was ably explained by the In­spector.

(Say, !lCA, don't let them t:ell about that "Irish trick" they pulled on 3BX,

Xmas. Ye Gods! wooden cans! 'Nuf ced. -D.M.)

NORTH CAROLINA: No detailed report from Assistant Division Manager Simpson this time. He explained this by saying that he received no detailed reports from any of the fellows. (Scouts, this won't do. It isn't like you, so come on up with details that you may receive due recognition for your splendid aetivities--D.M.)

PORTO RICO: Traffic for this month has not been as it should be. The reason for this is due to a breakdown at 40I, and a short vacation taken by 4KT at Carolina, P.O. 4JE is still using his old 20 watt C.W. set and is quite nervous at the new record set by 401 in tube "busting"-•-Five 50 watters .in one week and six condensers "shot." 4JE's 200 watt set is still hidden away in the old trunk, but we expect to hear it knocking our tin _cans off in a short time. (Come on 4,TE, with the 200 watter YOU ARE NEEDED-D.M.)

From now on amateur traffic in P.O. will not begin until 10 :00 P.M. A new broadcasting station recently inaugurated in San ,Tuan will make it impossible to do any work before that hour. We could not keep away from it boys, so what's the use in worrying? Cheer up! Our fellow brothers in the States have had this trouble for nearly two years. (We are still sitting on the "cat's bristles," though. Brother Rexach, sit tight. we are all OK. -D.M.)

VANCOUVER DIVISION J. T. North, Mgr.

.A marked improvement is shown through­out the division and particularly in the Vancouver vicinity.

VANCOUVER: Things are picking up rapidly, although the immediate vicinity is still quiet. 5CN has handled most of the traffic. 5EJ, a new 5 watt station, has handled quite a little traffic and works 4DQ and 6A WT. 5AC and 5GO, two new 10 watt stations are going good work, and 5AC is making antenna improvements which will doubtless increase his working range. Both of these stations work sixes and distant sevens with ease. 9AX has been using his 500 cycle spark some and is putting in 20 . watts of C.W. 5BQ is still on the job and 5AK is putting in 5 watts of C.W. to help along his spark.

VANCOUVER ISLAND: A very big in­crease in traffic at 5CT is shown, no doubt chiefly due to increased power and the addition of a counter-poise. Traffic east has been handled with 4DQ and 7 AGF. Several stations in and around Frisco have been worked but no traffic handled direct. The most reliable route is via Portland.

ncn U!. sut~1uns anu uie

(~ST February, 192:;

Victoria has "dug in" for another quiet spell, and both 5DX and 9BG are off the air tl1ese days. 5AL is working hard on a C.W. transmitter.

ALBERTA: 4DQ is still going strong both on the air and on the mill. You Al­berta fellows can help by writing him be­fere he has to write you. He has another 50 watter in Calgary lined up now, and has located 4AB in Vulcan.

PRINCE RUPERT: !IBP is not yet on the air, but is doing everything possible to get there. He was unfortunate enough to have the top-mast blown off of his 90' mast, but he is still hitting the ether trail with both feet.

WEST GULF DIVISION F. M. Corlett, Mgr.

Well, now who was it that said the ama­teurs was doomed!!!? If a few busybodys will just allow the amateur to attend to hls own business of relaying friendly mes­sages over this ever growing smaller world, the amateur will save himself.

Fort Worth (Cow town) with five sta­tions handled 1.,076 and had time to ask a few questions about the weather, "how's my spark," and "how you get me now," too. Some one living in F'ort Worth ad­vised the Radio Inspector that all he had I·ver noticed the amateurs doing was ask­ing the qestions named above, and re­marked that he didn't see where there was any advantage to the art of radio commu­nication in that. '!'here is a file of 1,076 messages on file in five Fort Worth sta­Uons, if that party would care to look them over. 5TC fa the star station of the division with 486 messages.

OKLAHOMA: To 5T,T and 5TA goes the honors of being the first Oklahoma stations to "get across," both. having been heard in Manchester, England, on the same night. 5 W:X: has moved •and is busy_ getting his new !'ltation in order. 5SR has been ap­pointed official relay station. Ballinger is back on the job and with the assistance of Cummingham, is oqerating 5AQ. 5BM is going strong agafo with. 50 watts. 5LB is obtaining- the best of results wit.h the C.W. 5ZAV, fiZAT, 5XT. and 5TA have thing-s pretty ·well in hand. 5ZM and 5HU are_ the onlv active stations in the north­western part of the state, 5TJ and 5VM are doing some splendid relay work. The state honors for the month go to 5T,J.

NORTHERN TEXAS: TraffiC! increases, still l:i great many are not reporting. The following messages were handled hy five Forth Worth statfons: 5TC. Ml6; 5SF, 259; 5DI, 206; and 5PX, 125. 5DI ls going strong on 25 watts with which every dis­trict has been worked and traffic handled with 6ZAC. 5SF is on regularly from :3 :00

to 'i :00 A.M. City Manager reportes radio in Fort Worth has been agreeable, except that broadcast stations a1;e breaking the schedule agreed to last June.

Dist. 8: 5UO is working out some relay routes. iJZH has had hard luck with his bottles, "leaking air" and "no oscillate," and was compelled to QSR with his old spark demon. Old 5TU and 5TP pounded in and moved traffic fine as well as did 5QS. 5ADP is installing a 5 watter. 5TP has been doing some "excellent work with % K.W. spark, having worked 6ZZ, 4FD, 4GN a11d 4MV. Hi!

SOUTHERN TEXAS: Every district su­perintendent reports crippled traffic, due both to lack of co-operation in making re­ports and bad QRN. Although the winter is half gone already very few nites have been even cool this season, and few ideal nites, if anv have been available. •rraffic is moving b

0y a very few stations in each district, hut it is noticeable that some of the best stations are not working. 5AAU begs of you fellows in Eastern Texas to give him some work to do, as he cannot possibly discharge the dutie~ of his office if you won't make your station reports to him, and furnish him wit.h information re­garding your activities. Certainly ail of the other three Dist. Supts. in this section will second this plea. 5NK has suffered the loss of his high voltage transformer and is temporarily shut down. 5XV has a splendid record this month and is close­Iv followed hy 5XAD. 5XB states that t;.affic has suffered from incomplete trans­mitter.

Dist. 2: Greater activity has bt'en no­ticed and the traffic would be a delightful thing to publish if the fellows would only turn in all reports. 5KP and iJRA are both splendid examples of relay stations, but data from 5RA is not. obtainable. 5YK has abandoned the spark and will be heard only on C. W. Some difficulties have been tmcountered in handling traffic in San An­tonio and vicinity, because of lack of co­operation betwem1 listeners and amateurs. 5MT has his big 100 watter going and which has been found to bridge the gap to the valley in fine style. The big news of the San Antonio district t.his month is the return to the air of 5ZAK at Camp Travis. 5ACU has abandoned his spark. 5ZAE has reported more work on ;;µark this month than C.W., but he is fast be­coming a lover of C.W. From El Paso comes the all too brief report with a very short traffic list. Dist. Supt. E. R. Mc Cracken of 5ADB tells of a wonderfully fine prospect at Marathon who is equipped with HOO cycle spark and LC.W. and an­swers to the call 5BO.

February, 1 \'12:1 (JS T

Holland Letter

Referring to my previous letter, in ad­dition I take µleasure in telling you here­with something about the radio exhibition on November 17-19th, which was ol'ganized by our Rotterdam section.

The Exhibition was divided in two main pans; the amateur and the industrial parts, with 37 exhibitors in the former and .12 .in the latter. In the amateur part there was a very interesting historical sec­tion where everything from the beginning of wireless up until today was shown. During the exhibition radio concerts were received from PCUU, Glowlampworks Heussen & Co., 'fhe Hague & Arnhem; the Aerodrome, Waalhaven, Rotterdam; Middel­raad, Ymuiden; PCGG, Nederlandsche Radio lndustrie, den Haag; FL, Paris, Eiffel 'fnwer; and LP, Koenigs-Wuster­hausen near Berlin. A guide containing articles about radio history, audion ehar­aderistics, notes and all manner of for­mulae for calculation was sold in gr:eat quantities. To the 1000th, 2000th, 2500th, HOOOth, 3500th, and 3750th paying visitors, presents were given such as audions, etc. ln all the exhibition was visited by about fi,000 persons, which in three days is a gi'eat ,;uccess. Several official persons from the Dutch government, Electric ·w oi:ks, ei;c., showed interest in our work, and even the Polish Ambassador.

.Another thing that has taken up our in­terest has been the Transatlantic 'rests. No doubt they will be a good example to help convince onr Minister and other authorities that wireless for amateurs is possible without jamming public ,service. If we ask for a sending license, the reply is always the same-jamming of public service. The g>overnment here always :-;ticks to an opinion and that is the rea,mn ail telegraphical and telephonical work is handled by the government ,vith the ex­ception of rmme · geeat towns where the t.;lephone hi ,,perated hy the town itself. '!'here are even no cable companies having <lirect eables Lo .America and other parts of th11 world, hut only branch companies, and not many nf these connect tn London where t.he messages can be retransmitted on the ,·arious tables. Let us hope that in

the near future the government will break with the autocracy.

Within a few weeks the 11ew trans­atlantic station near Kootwyk will start its trial. signals. It is built by Telefunken and Is about the same type a::; Nauen and built to work with our East Indies, especial­ly the Malabar station where our famous Dr. deGroot is operating. The new re­ceiving station is near Sambeek, in the eastern part of our country, and has al­ready operated about a year. The trans­mitting aerial is of the hexagon type, sup­ported by six triangular masts, the highest being about 210 meters. The distance be­tween the towers is 450 meters and the aerial is made in four segments, eaeh of which can be taken down independently.

I will finish for this month with best wishes and success for the coming year,

K. F. M. Kunen. Rotterdam, Dec. 15, 1922.

Letter From France

Dear QST Readers-The Transatlantic Tests a.re in full swing

and are proving to be a great success! Al­though I was probably more optimistic con­cerning their result than anyone else in France (and l was repeatedly accused of being too optimistic) the results have sur­passed my greatest anticipations! I knew you would do great work; you have done even better! Most hearty congratulations, O.M.'s.

I will not give you detailed information concerning the results so far obtained; Dr. Pierre Corret, President of our Comite Francais Des Ii.!ssais Transatlantiques, will surely do that much better than I could. I will just tell you a few words about my own ,•xperiences in these 'rests to give you an idea of how they are viewed from this side.

Two days prior to the •rests, on Dec. 10th, r was listening in for American amateur ,,tations when I picked up 1ARY un C.W. His signals were very QSA, I should say readable fiftePn feet from phones at times although I did not try it. This reception v.:ave me very g·reat pleasure indeed, as it was the first time I could identify one of your stations. That was at 4 :!54 A.M. and

58 QST February, 1923

I knew then 1 had been hearing him many times before vrithout being able to copy his complete call.

On the nexi: day, Dec. 11th, at 5 :03 A.M. 1 heard :!KL calling t'IDNS on A.C.C.W. and at 5 :22 A.M. lBDI ealling lBHR, also on A.C.C.W. I followed him until 6 A.M. and he was still there although QRZ when it began LO be daylight. This gave me great hopes for the actual Tests. .As a matter of fact I received (Jll the first day five of rour stations: lBGF at 2 :56 A.M.; SAQO at 3 :55 A.M. with code word; lBCG at 1 :35; 8MZ at 5: 17 A.M. (not partici­pating in the Tests), and lYK at 5 :50 A.M. with code word.

On the 13th I copied only 8AQO at l :32. But since then (four more days) although I 1-ieard a few more signals I could not copy lhe calls on account of QRN. Atmospherics han~ been very heavy of late which is us­ually the ease in this southerly part of France; i:,very night they can be heard ;sixty feet from phones on two valves. A.11 the above receptions were made 011 a Tuska receiver and one step of audio frequency amplification.

Ancf'' now for the transmission Tests, and let us hope we shall soon need the adoption of some plan to distinguish between the calls letters of our different countries! I was very glad to see that my suggestions concerning this question bad aroused inter­est in America and I think the modifications proposed by the .Editor of this magazine would be a great improvement if agreed to by the different governments.

Wishing you as good luck in receiving ,u; you had in sending, I am

Your old friend, Leon Deloy,

Nice, Dec. 17th. French 8AB.

With deep regret we learn of the death on Nov. 12th of M. Charles Constant Cor­ret, Professor Emeritus of the Fac-ulte libre cle Droit, of Paris, formerly counsel to Court of Appeals, the father of Dr. Pierre Corret who in so able a manner has acted as head of the joint French com­mittee of radio societies in handling the arrangements in that country for the Transatlantic Tests. M. Corret was in his 89th year. Our sincere sympathies are ex­tended Dr. Corret and his relatives in theJr bereavement.

In the October number of the French La T.S.P. Moderne, just received, we have noted the following points of particular interest:

A dub of telegraphing amateurs has hf•en formed known as Le C'lub des ''8," th_e main requirement seeming to be the possession of a transmitting call. rt should be remembered that the French ealls start with the numeral 8.

In the same issue the publication of ln­dicati.fs Entendus is commenced-"Calls Heard," by heck! And in one Paris list ·we spot a 1XM which we'll bet is our M.I.T.

And in the advertising section an illustra­tion of a neat little tuner after the Ameri­ean idea. Something about it looked dis­tinctly familiar. Get the label: "Poste Reinartz. Reception de 140 a 600 m. Tous nos Appareils ont obtenu 1esplus hautes recompenses." Rah for 1 QP-you started something, son.

What l'o Hear Tonight By lZE

W GUY-Beantown, Mass. (860.5 Meters) 8 P.M.--Boston Homicidal Statistics. fi P • .M.-"Who Struck Billy Patterson?"

-by the claim agt. New York, Near Heaven & Heartless R.R.

10 P.M.-Taps-played by the Black Gents Minstrels from New York's darkest Streets, weapons Eurnished by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

KAY WHY TRUBBLE YOU-Windburg­on-the- Lake ( :mo Meters)

6 P.M.-Dramatic Reading of Sears, Roe­buck catalogue by ,John Smith.

7 P.M.--How to Roll Your Own-recital by Prince Albert.

8 P.M.-Electrical Cat Chorus by the Loose Connections in the Set.

WOP--PHILADELPHIA (360-567 Meters) 8 P.M.-Boiler Uecital by the Baldwin

Locome,tive Wks. Quartet. 1st Sledge, 2nd Hammer, bass-Bellows, baritone­Riveting Machine. Very selective.

9 P.M.-The Dangers of Smoking-by Bluenose Mary of the U.S. Weather Bureau.

10 -Popular Entertainment by Uncle Tom's Cabin Outfit.

CAL-"LOS ANCHELES" (::161 Meters) 10 P.M.-Impassioned Oration entitled

"Why California Climate is BEST" - .. -by any native of the State that is handy at the moment.

l1 P.M.--Samples of Indoor Lightning by Steinmetz.

12 P.M.-Hawaiian Song "Put Cocoanut Shells on Your Peet and Clatter Home."

KOW-DALLAS (412 Meters) 10 P.M.----Chinese Ballad-"No Tickie,

No Shirtie." 1.1 P-.M.--Bedtime story for Father. Short

Talk on Methods of avoiding Influ­imza by Luke McGlook.

12 P.M.-"Bull I have Thrown" by a Prominent Cattie Man.

OWL-ATLANTA (400 Meters) a.52 A.M.--Chimes · announcing breakfast

and the regular sunrise program.

February, 1'923 QST 59

W. W. LINDSAY, Jr.

Mr. W. W. Lindsay, Jr., better known as 6ZF, was really born down east. 'ro be exact, this first great incident in his life happened in Overbrook, Pa., November 16th, 1899, 10 P.M. Not long after, he went abroad to travel and study and later went to school in New York, where he spent con­siderable time. During the earliest years of the war he was again in Europe, this time connected with the U.S. Diplomatic and Consular Service in Hanover, Germany, where he had been studying electrical en­gineering.

His radio interest dates hack to his younger days of 1908. The first real trans­mitter started in New York with two five­watt tubes. Later a Navy "P" tube was hooked up with a 1500 volt generator and the sigs reached 4GL and \!Al<'K. This was when he signed 2ARD. Lindsay went down to 2RK's one night and got an earful of real DX and decided that New York was

(Concluded on page 66)

J. ,A. GJELHAUG

Mr. John A. Gjelhaug, 9ZC, located ii'.\ Baudette, a small town on the northerli boundary of Minnesota wilderness, perhapa; never did anything to startle the radio. world. He never tries to send messages at break-neck spee!;i. He is. in short, une of the boys. During his long service as Dis, trict Superintendent he was a good worker 1 his reports were always on time, and be­cause of his reliability in all things he has won a name that is truly t:•nviable-"Old Reliable."

Although a photographer by trade, get~ ting ZC to come thru ,vith a photograph of himself was no easy job. His wife final, ly did the ''taking" and as it has her O.K., it must be at least a good likeness. But to get started-he was born ,July 2!), 1880, in Bigwoods, Minnesota, a town noted only for turning out a real amateur. He first f~t going in wireless in 1914, but "got the bug right'' in 1916 and installed a one

(C,;,,1.,,lt!ded O!i page 6/i)

60 QST F::bruary. 192:3

Amatem Refli_o Station~ 9ZN, Chicago, Ill.

Although featured in this departm_ent in the old spark days (January, 1920), 9ZN. the station of our Central Division Manager. R. H. G. Mathews, 5525 Sheridan Road, Chicago, Ill., has a new tube set that has been tearing up the air quite gen­erally in the western hemisphere. Although

o~ed _nnd operat~,l hy _Mr .. I~athew1t, ',,:ho signs •· WO", he 1s :1;;s1,te<1 n1 r,perat.mg­the station by :r. E;, Hrennan-''MA"; L. E. Dutton-•-"DN". c; . . .\. Fitzdmons--"G,J", F .. :r. Marco-"F'.J", K. E:. Hassel-"SF", 'Hayne Stack-•F\VS'', and J. Calianan­"l A .. ''

'T'he !'came 2ntenna and ;.;round :c:.ystem is used as in the past, ,.,x:ce1n, that the corrosion of the ·,,,,-fr., due io ·· ~moke an<l the 1'-lements caused hi.gh skin resistance so

a gold plated antenna has recently be<:'n put up. The towers are 90 feet high, 150 fpf't apart, located 50 feet from the edge of the lake, and support the broad ten­wire vertical fan antenna. The old e!ectrose insulators have been replaced by.: glazed porcelain insulators.

The photo of the operating rvom shows on the table the old Chicago Radio Labo­ratorv Para1ron with the new modPl Zenith l-R io the iPft. The two step 11mplifier. W<' nndf'rgtand. is ehieily n~eu by ''P.\J", who likes loud signals. The antenna ~witr-h a.nr:l keys for the three tran~mitters are on the extreme right of the table.

,BY referrin"l' to the ?.Jos;...np of the t~·ans­Jn1tt:er nH..,re u1forrnat1on ,c;an he _:..:::nnPrL ~Vi:".N has two spark ;<(•t", but the w,,IJ ),rown

Februaiy. 1923 QST 61

60-cyclc synchronous set is the most brutal. The open-core transformer .,een on the floor will throw a fearful four inch spark and the spark in the four-toothed gap

leads two inches to each tooth and with a racket at least equal to NAA. We have nf'ver witnessed a sworn statem•mt as to the power lnput of this set. The con­denser is of ;% " plate gla,;s and these plates puncture too often. On full power

the whole antenna lights up blue and six inch sparks can be drawn from the lead-in. To the right and rear may be seen the 'relefunken 500-cycle quenched spark set,

which is a v<'ry neat .little ,;C't with a whale of a kick. The spark :wts a re used on ~00 meters only. The (iO-cycle :,et puts 7 amperes into the anten­na and the 500-cycle shoves in 12 amperes. Most ,,f this has bf't:>n in i·eview. The whistle of t• ZN's fi00-cycle spark and the heavy bass of the ";,;ynk" set have long been familiar in every state.

But 9ZN has an LC.W. tube set that will make good Mathews' promise-"When a tube set goes in at !JZN it. will be a HE set." 'rhe tubes are a couple of U.V.204 Radiotrons, the filaments of which are operated on (iO-cycle A.C. He­cause there has been found no direct current g!i'nerator with high enough voltage the plate energy is obtained from a Telefunken 500-eycle generator driven hy repulsion motors and excited by a separate exciter. The generator voltage is stepped up hy a transformer to "several thousand" volts which is supplied directly to the plates of the tubes. The marble panel con­tains the A.C. voltmeter and radio frequency ammeter. Below is the field rheostat and directly behind ts the "radiation amplifier" which ean best be described by the owner. The tube panel holds the tr bes,

filament rheostats, plate milliammeter, and [ilament voltmeter. Except when the ex­dter "goes democratic," this set puts into the antenna 7 amperes on 100 meters, 11 amperes on 200 meters, and a measly 28 amperes on 375 meters.

4EH, Atlanta, Georgia ,iEH, the ~tation uf H. A. Cole, ls located

at ::::~5 Hill St., Atlanta, Ga. It is an ex­ample of a very g:ood working and neat little ~et of fifteen watts power:

The :rntenna i,:i a five-wire cage 70 feet long and 55 feet high at the open end and 8(1 feet high ut the lead-in. 'I'he c1Junter­poise ls coi11posed of seven wires eight feet off the ground and arranged in the shane of H fan. ·· ,.

The trm1smitter, shown at the left, uses three U.V.202 tubes in the "1 DH-sure ffre" ,-trcuit. Plate current is supplied by a rjf)() watt Aeme trans:former, and, tapped off at 750 volts, the antenna i:urrent is four amperes. To l-he ri~ht of the trati~mitter may be s~en the chop-per which is rnnnected in the 1.~l'id circuit and is used for loeal

work and calling. Most of the work is earried on with straight C.W. with the key eonnected in series• with the grid leak. Loop modulation for phone is accomplished by connecting a microphone to the rmds of a loop (If wire ,vound around the main in­ductance. The flat pancake inductance on top of the cabinet is not the main induct­ance, howevPr, as this cnii is in the connter­r,cdse lead to bring the antenna and counter­poise wave len~h up lo t.he :rnten11a and ground wave, v:hich must be done hefore the same dip C'an he used for ground and tounterpoise. (The usual procedure, how­ever, is to nse ;;eparate clips and inclu,fo more turns between the antenna and enunter poise dips than between the an­tenna und ground elips, thus eliminating

62 QST February, 1923

the extra coil.) The variable condenser Amrad variometers and a Tuska coupler. across the grid coil, the grid coupling, the Hooked to this is a detector and two-step filament rheostats, and wave length ad- audio amplifier wit:1 W .K phones. The justments are all varied from the front of owner excuses himself on owning the Moon the panel. loud-talker, saying it is to produce music

'fhe rl:'ctifier is under the table and is for the family. Above the amplifier cabinet. composed of 22 1-pt. fruit jars with 2-inch hangs the 'fungar. for charging the r,auery _

lead and aluminum strips immersed in a solution of borax. The eurrent is filtered by two large choke coils and two l mfd. condensers in parallel on each side of the chokes. flv-pass condensers are used across the halves of the filament winding.

On the right is the receiver which is a homecmade three-circuit regenerative, with

The signals of 4EH are quite well known over most of this country, having been heard in every district, 37 states, and con­firmed reports from 401 and HZAC, HawaiL The record on phone is clOO miles. Mr­Cole shares eredit in the work of his set with C. W. Duzzit.

9DR-9ZT, Minneapolis, Minn. The station 9DR, anrt more recently 9ZT,

is owned and operated by Donald C. Wal­lacec, 1830 Stevt,ns Ave., Minneapolis,

Minn. !JDR has been heard in all corners of the country, even with a !o'.?ation un­

( C,mtinued on pu,<Je /ti)

February, 1923 QST 63

With

The South Dakota Oscillator published by the Y. M. C. A. Radio Club slips into our office every month. Each month it is brimming over with snappy bits of news on amateur radio. It is not a paper devoted to technical articles yet it fills a much felt need in that it maintains dose contact with amateurs in the Dakota Division.

We are in receipt of a splendid paper '•Wny does the radio amateur need an association 1" by J. Creaser, 1 BSJ. Be­cause of limited space and the length of the paper we quote interesting parts which will be of immense help to all dubs. Mr. Creaser says, "one of the essential purposes of a :radio organization is to Herve the amateur by supplying him with those things which he needs in the way of ad­vice that he may derive the greatest pleasure and benefits along with his own efforts. A radio organization must be based upon co-operation and must show re­.suits of its purpose, not in an enormous membership but by progressive member­ship. There are eight essential principles for proper organization. 1, unity of pur­po:se; 2, common aim; a, co-operation; 4, Ilpecialization; 5, instruction; 6, learning; 7, leadership; and 8, action." Mr. Creaser ,i:,,oes on to define each of these eight essen-tials and a careful study of them will ·bring forth the interpretation desired. We ,suggest that interested organizations write to · Mr. Creaser and obtain an exact copy ,,of his paper, which will be an asset to any ,club desiring to make progress.

Michigan State A.R.R.L. Convention ATTENTION!!!! On February \lth and

10th the Hotel Durant will be the scene of · the Michigan State A.R.R.L. Convention at Flint. The program is loaded with inter­esting meetings among which will be tech­nical, general, and traffic sessions. The arrangements committee i:.,'1larantees the "gang" it will be so full of "pep" that no radio amateur can afford to miss it, and we

· believe it because Flint knows how to do eonventions up brown. There will be plenty of entertainment durinf(' the "free periods" and fl h()bo hand will meet all

· trains. All Michigan A.R.R.L. district · superintendents and eity managers will he • on· hand along with 'Tlivhdon Manag;er Mathews. ''WO" of 9ZN: Assfatant Division

· Manager' C, Darr, SZZ, and Traffic Manager

Sehnell, lMO. (And if possible the •r.M. will try to bring Secretary Warner along with his new hat which he won in the T / A Tests last rear-.F.H.S.)

Prizes will be awarded for various con­tests, souvenirs will be passed out, and Oh Boy! the banquet with plenty of eats on the last night. Let's see a big turnout, fellows, and don't forget the time and place-Flint, Michigan, February 9th and 10th. ·

Corwin Udell Eckel was secretary of the Lane Radio Association, (Chicago) up to the time he made the supreme sacrifice when he tried to rescue his brother Everett from the undertow in Lake Michigan. Cor­win was born March 18, 1905. "Eck," as he was known to his many friends, was a real radio hug and as a literary student held highest honors in his classes of '19, '20, '21, and '22. He graduated from Lane Technical High School in .Tune, 1922.

South Dakota Radio Convention 102 delegates attending the second an­

nual convention held in Sioux Falls, Decem­ber 28 and 2!), boosted amateur radio sky­high in that part of the country. At no time before has there been such an enthusi­astic eonvention of amateurs who came from all parts of South Dakota, Minnesota, and Iowa. The program included two ti,eh­nical sessiorn; with the reading of papers

64 QST February, 1923

by wdl known amateurs. H. n. Skifter, lJYAJ, held the attention of the gang f ,t' two hnurs with an interesting paper LHJ the ";;,rnstruction and operation (1f C."\V. transmitters." Entertainment at the Orpheum Theatre and a sight seeing trip around the dty were enjoyed. The eon­Yention dosed. with a banquet at the Cataract Hotel and as t1suai this was the dimax of the meeting and nothing was left uniione. N. H . .fensen, manager of the Dakota Division, was nresented with a Grebe CR-9 hy the g;an£ Dealers exhibit­ing at the convention ga-ve six prizes which were awarded in the code contest and to the delegate coming from the greatest dist­ance. !IA WM told of the record breaking relay 1A W to GZAC and return. 'J'he old A.R.R.L. :;pirit was the order of the day. Joe Dean of 9ZU, Homer Fitch of HYAK, and Orville Wheelon vf 9A VZ did much to make the convention a grand success.

S.JP, AKltoN ~10, iaUtlS es:n»lifi:.N M.t:5SM'ES

Bloom&eld Radio Club The annual election of officers was held

December 20th and the following men will hold office for the 1msuing year; F. ,J. McKinney, president; A . .T. Ball, ,fr., vice president; H. R. Blunt, secretary; A. ,J. Wykes, treasurer. 2EY was re-elected ,·hief operator and traffic manager.

Third District Convention Baltimore, Md.!!!! April 18th-14th, 1923 ! ! ! ! Hotel Emerson!!!! Watch this eolumn for the latest dope. Its going to be a rea.l one, boys.

Seventh District Executive Council The Svvcnth District Executive Radio

C-ouncil tuok definite form at the annual meeting held in Portland December 28 and 2B. .At this writing no details are avail­able, but ,m understanding of what the council eonsists and how it will function, hrienv, is _as follows. For sevtn·al vears it had be<.'n the eustom i.n the Northwestern Division vf the A.R.R.L. to hold annual banquets, each ;tear at a different city. These banquets always were well attended and the ,\ .R.R.L. spirit reigned supreme. Early iast summer during the radio show and 1:onvf'ntion plans were announced for

the iormaiicn uf the ,:ouneii. The ,,n,mcil ls made ~m of the offirers ,ti' the radio at>,mdations and dubs in the Seventh Dis­trict. .From this membership the chairman for the coming year ls elected :mnuaily. flach vear there i~. a new t·hairman with a 11.ew•· place for the next annual meeting. 'l'he chairman has his various assistants ;c•ither by 1,eleetion ,.,r dection who Sfl'VP ·with him for the term. The chairman and his assh;tants are eharged with the duty of administering radio affairs a::; :oet down hy the eouncil. He fo responsible for the arrangements of an annuai meeting. The purpose of thP council is the widest possible ('o-r,peration with every interest. f. A de­tailed aeeount of what is br,ing done ,,; ill apear next month.-F.H.S.)

Milwaukee Amateurs' Radio Club The Milwaukee Amateurs' Radio Club.

which was founded in 1917 and became affiliated with the American Radio Relay League, Inc., in 1919, is enjoying an active and successful season. The society meets weekly at 7 :,15 P.M. on 'rhursdays in the 'frustees' Room of the Milwaukee Public Museum; Meetings have been well attended, and the membership is increasing.

The Board of Direction has recently appointed two additional officers: L. S. Baird, Business Manager, and L. cf. Topo­linski, General Counsel.

!<J. D. Nunn, a Milwaukee radio engineer, demonstrated a receptor of his own de­sign and gave a short address on radio :frequency amplification. At a special in­formal meeting, a "ham-fest" was held with F. H. Schnell, Traffic Manager of the A.R.R.L. as guest and principal speaker. "'!'he Construction of a High Voltage "B" Storage Battery" was the subject of-a talk by Marian Szukalski, ,Jr., 9AAP. Ben A. Ott, fJZY, and. K. C. Maas, 9AZA, state officers of the League, recently visited the society and gave talks on state organization.

The Teehnical Committee, headed by g_ T. Howell, Sc.M., and R. E. (radio en­gineer, Lathrop, 9ATZ, Vice-President of the Waukesha Radio Amateur Cluh, has submitted several reports on topics of time­ly interest. The "S" tube has been dis­,:ussed; super-regeneration explained; and analogy given for oscillating tubes; and' the Hartley and reverse feed-back C,W. circuits contrasted.

A spirited Bpark-C.W. debate was put over with r:reat success. The argument waxed hot, and the sound of the g-avel was. frequent. · A contest in defining tedmical rarlio terms ,-aused many lines to be ;,nelled down, but resulted in adding a large store of ·words to the member's vocabular­ies. St,veral meetings have heen i!evot.-,(J­.in part to discussions of the proper design and construction of aerials in way of enl­lecting data for this society's contribution to the antenna symposium numbn of (/SL

department fm·rnerly knoum ns "With Our ft<tdio Phone Listener8 ... I

Broadcast Comments Needed Nothing- discourages an artist appearing

before a ,heatre audience as much as a cold :;ad unresponsive l'eception. We must all admit that there is nothing colder than a radio audience. It is no easy task to pro­vide a daily ptogram, hours in length, seven days in the week, eaeh of which will he pleasing and satisfactory. 'rhe gratui­tous service given by those who· appear in the programs i" prompted by a sense of duty to the world but the time is here when more than this is needed as a ,;timulant.

Hut the .listeners for the most part re­main passive and take whatever is dished out without comment--at least it does not g-et back to the transmitting station if there is eomment. Many of the leading broadcasting stations have asked their audiences to respond with some encourage­ment to the t~rtists, or t.o isubmit their sug­~estions and eritieisms. "rhousands have done this, but the number is only a small fraction of the va,;t unknown and unseen audience. Reveral eompanies have pledged themselves to follow the will of the major­ity, so it is plainly up to the listeners to make known their want!;. Therefore t.he hest way to get good concerts is to let your broadcasting stations know what is lack­ing. Po,;sibly the reason more comments have not been received is hecause the ho?­ginner listens to the local conet>rts and be­eause of the newness of the thing, is not in a o:-apable position to suggest improve­ments, and after that he is trying to see how far he ean receive or the greatest number of :c;tations he ean hear ·· in one ew>ning and does not sit on one wavelength long enough or regularly enough to eim­:-ider himself a edtic of the productions of any particular ,;tation. But if you haw• something to say, say it to the right u:1es RO it will do some good.

Can We Help? Broadcast receiving stations are now in­

::;talled by the hundreds of thousands and the number of transmitting stations has in­creased. at a rapid rate until there are at the present time somewhere around HOO in operation. The growth has been far too fast for the slow-moving wheels of legis­lation and the situation has gotten beyond the point where broadcasting can be 1imited lo a few stations. With most of

these :,;tations on 8GO meters, it means terrific interference. Everyone is lnoking for a good plan to correct this chaotic eon­rlition.

In the first place, some broadcasting con­cerns seem to want to crowd down on ama­teur wave lengths so they will forc6 their concerts to he heard. Now the amateur does not want to interfere with concerts, and wishes the concerts were up on a million meters, but when such stunts are pulled and he gets the blame, he is naturally peeved. Then, too, there are many cheap receiving Sl,ts sold to new listeners-,;ets of the single drcuit type, or with tightly fixed coupling- that are anything but selective, and ev.:>n with a good three-circuit regenerative receiver, the average beg·inner never learns to listen with the loosest c(,upling, thereby i::;aining enormously in selectivity, but instead listens with the coupling tightest all the time. The ama­t.;ur operator, 'tho perhaps not interested in broadcast l't>Ception ls forced to he in­terested in the conditions it has brought ahout, espe.cially when it threatens his very <c'Xistance. Can we not, therefore, because of our experience in this art, furnish a satisfactory solution to the problems in­volved in broadcasting'?

Such eompanies as the Westinghouse f.lectric and Manufacturing Co. have sold ·,,untless receivers of all prices to the public for reception of their broadcasting sta­tions. 'rhey are under obligations to fur­nish entertainment, not on high wave lengths beyond adjustment of past-sold apparatus, but on waves in the neighbor­hood of JOO meters. It is estimated that on the waves now available for broadcast­ing, not more than 30 or 40 stations throughout the country could operate with­out interference, and this number only with a very careful staggering of waves in each part of the country and no repeti­tion of wave assignments except wh.ere two stations are considerably more than out of 1·ange of Pach other. One night per week free from local broadcasting has been tried in some localities and although the eon­eensus of opinion seems to be in favor with it, yet the predetermination of nights favorable t.o distant reception is not yet possible, and the uncontrollable interfer­ence going on in the rest of the world is a~most hopeless. There ha··e been all kinds

66 QST February, 1923

of suggestions. One suggestion is to put all the broadcast stations on various waves above 1600 meters and limit the number to comparatively few, and in each locality a small station is to rebroadcast the concerts on BHO mete.Ts. The technical difficulties in carrying this out with good resultant modu­lation and not too much static are no small problems, however. Eve.ntually most of the listeners would probably buy equipment for the long wave reception and the transition would be more gradual and less liable to produce a bad holler. No matter whether you are a broadcast listene!' or a dyed-in-the-wool ham, we ask that you put some thought on this vital radio question of the day, for it i'0ncerns all of us in one way or another.

The WD-11 Tube The WD-11 receiving tube has attracted

considerable attention of late, ehiefly t:,,.._ cause it operates from a single dry cell fur a filament source of potential.

This tube is a high vacuum tube and is used as a detector or amplifier, either audio or radio frequency. It is particular­ly adapted for the "Radiola" receivers which have :,pecial sockets that do not allow the [ni;ertion of any other type of tube. A spedal socket ls therefore neces­sary or an adapter fitting between the tube base and the ordinary socket. As a detector, a voltage of 2::n1i is normally used on the plate, and as an amplifier, 45 to 60 volts is recommended. The filament con­sumption is about 0.25 amperes at 1.1 volts and will operate on one dry cell or two Edison-Leland primary (•ells (as in the Radiola (Jrand). A straight line rf'lation (0 :x:ists between filament voltage and cur­rent and at no point does it seem to be especially critical. F.lmission varies direct­ly with filament eurrent In the neighbor­hood of the normal operating current. 'rhe plate impedance is 20,000 ohms with a plate voltage of 40 or over, hut at lower voltages the impedance increases rapidly. The grid requires no bias. Tubes of. this type tested by the writer and several others brought hack the verdict that nlmost nothing is critical in its adjustment-grid, filament, and plate voltage variations pro­duce much Jess variation in signal i;trength than anything C'Ver tried before; and al­though the amplification seems not to be quite up to some other tubes, they are as a whole very quiet in operation, which, to­gether with their economical operation, make, them very desirable.

-•-B.J>.

It is generally agreed in am.ateur rad!o that there is only one flux satisfactory m soldering-rot1in. The use of any type of acid or salt fluxes, thru corroding, causes the ma lority of inefficient receivers.

W. W. LINDSAY, Jr. ( Concluded from. paµe 5Y)

the bunk. Upon his arrival in Los .Angeles he started again, this time with a 50-watter and A.C. C.W. Later moving up tc. bis present location at Reedley, California, some better sticks were put up and things began to happen. Operating with the call HALE and later 6ZF, he became well known as one of the first Padfic coast amateurs to be regularly heard in the eastern states and in turn he copied 2FP often about a year ago when such DX was very unusual, and numerous mentions of this station have graced the pages of (28-T. He says he has always used a wattmeter on his input and it has never read over 200 watts on any real DX test. His aim has always been to get the most out of the set for the least put in.

- - -· --.. ·-·~ .. ~- -- ·-········= -----~----- - - --·------··· .. -

J. A. GJELHAUG ((:oncluded from plt{le 5/!)

K.W. Thor with a home made rotary gap and O.T. After pumping A. Hoyt Taylor, then of 9XN, with lots of ,:orrespondence, he managed to finally hook up "'rith him over the 135 miles in the fall nf Hil6, having at that time the call HQK. Oid timers up his way ,vill remember him as being a pusher in the North Dakota Radio Assn., one of the pioneer o!'ganizations that tried to work relay routes between ad­jacent towns. He was also an associate member of the I.R.E. and considered '.1im­self duly initiated into the game when the war came along and put the straps on things for a while~ After the war he v,ai:. one i,f the first on the air, using '•,JAG" while waiting for the call 9ZC. With many improvements in the spark set, it has bf'.en getting out . well, being reported on both ,~oasts, the Gulf, a ship in the Pacific near Colon, and on all kinds of receiving aerials, loops, and freak sets in the U.S. When C.W. got fashionable, ZC•·built a 10 watt C. W. and phone set and has been reported QSA on phone with good modulation in Kansas, and on C.W. in Pennsylvania. Convinced that C.W. has the punch, a 100 watt set ls bein~ tried out :for traffic hand­ling. Two years ago he fixed up a set in his auto which affords him plenty of .fun 011 his vacation :md from which he has worked five miles whu1 traveling thirty miles per hour and with an input to the spark coil of only a dozen watts.

Because Mr. G.ielhaug has been workir1g away quietly and persistently for our A,.R. :R.L. in northern Mmnesota and fostermg the Winnipeg Division from infancy to the point where it is this month turned over t.o its own organized men, all without seek­ing personal publicity, we think "O~d Faith­ful" deserves a few words of prarne.

-B.P.

February, 1923 QST 67

~ .. . L. • .,_ ---...;. ~-.r = r. ......... , ... ~ -- --------., ........ .,, .....

·-2A UU suggests that for an automatic

battery charger that the battery be -con­nected to a plug and a double contact jack arranged so tlnit the battery is connected to the terminals to which the plug con­nects. Pulling the plug out connects the battery to the charger.

Will someone kindly step forward and tell us why some cells in an aluminum­lead rectifier rectify and some do not when the aluminum and lead plates are all cut from the• same sheet, and the solution all made in one jar? Also, in a series of cells, some have a hligh and some have a low voltage drop across the individual cells and we would like to know what this means.

"Of all inventions, the alphabet and printing press alone excepted, those inven­tions which abridge distance have done the most for civilization"-Macaulay. If "Mac" had lived today and had a couple of 250 watters hooked up, what would hie have said? When the t.ransatlantics re­turns are all in we propose digging him up to see if he has turned over.

-··-·-·-··• \IAOQ uses this diagram in charging his

::1torage battery. A variable resistance com­posed of lamps, iron wire, chokes, or any­thing handy is used to cut down the charg­ing current. There is no transformer :re­quired in this arrangement, the filament being first lighted from the battery by

VAR/ABLE ,~r ;:,~;;,

,,,PLATE TI/IVGAR IJIJlB

l'/1.A,~CIV T

/' SPOT :SWl1"CH

_ _s-;-i/ + ~

BAT.i

throwing the switch down and then throwing it up. This connects both terminals of the filament together and makes the filament burn evenly while the charging current keeps the filament in­candescent. Should the supply current be cut otf the charging will not resume on its coming on again, however.

Just a word about audio amplifiers. In lots of sets the grid circuit is completed around to the negative of the storage bat­tery and the filament rheostat is between this terminal of the battery and the fila­ment. The result is that when the "A" battery goes down in voltage, even tho the 1·heostat is turned up to bring the filament back to the same brilliancy, the signal strength is not what it formerly was. This is because the grid bias has changed. Com­pleting the grid circuit to the negative ter­minal of the filament will get away from this variation, or if a potentiometer is used, it should be connected directly across the filament. Confidentially, gang, we believe the W.E. amplifier works so well because the designers knew how to juggle the bias on the grids. This is a subject for experi­mentation, especially if a hundred volts or so are used on the plates and it is desired to rattle the windows with strong signals. .Just a few dry cells in series with the negative lead to the grid will do the trick in most cases.

Will someone explain why stations on low wave lengths are sometimes heard along with high wave stations only while continuous waves are being emitted b:v the high power station? - •

",J" of BXM heard the following, evident­]·r one of the pitiable results of broad­easting: "Hellow 2ZZZ, hellow 2ZZZ, 2CTR calling, 2CTR calling, 2CTR calling 2ZZ. 2CTR signing off. Come in." Mind you, this was on SP ARK, every word spelled out. Probably some ham will spell out the musical notes next.

'rhe telephone is still useful for calling up a friend to say you are sending him a message hy :radio.-Boston Traveler.

Doc Blum in Kansas City took a msg from 8QK for a local grain company ask­ing for a quotation. The msg was delivered with precision, which does not surprise us half so much as the Doc was surprised when one of the officials called him on the phone and said he sold a car of kaffir as a direct result and was sending a box of cigars. Moral: Deliver your rnessageBI

68 QST Febl'uary.; 1923-

ln th-is, our t rnnsatlantic number, WP should use our September eovPr with the "QRN" on t.he devil ehanged to "qRM,'' it has heen suggested.

See11P.: Inside office of a mushroom radio ;,tore. Manager seated at desk dictating 1H·ders for supplies .from <catalogues he is :,,,anning· with perplexity. He pushes a botton. Enter a newly knighted "radio enginN·r-,.:lerk." Manw1er: "Mr. ,Jone,:, just what is the differenC'e hetw(•pn radio and wireless 'i'' Cfrrk: I hesitatingly): "Um-m, ah-h,---­WC'll-----n,dio Is ,\'here they talk into the 1virPiess· and wirelei'S is using- the <'.ode."

It is hard to convince so me peopie that xtal detectors aetual­i? use t'l'!t whis­kers S<J it hs neeessarv to p r o d u c e · the proof that ,me Ill an ufacturer (f}\1t1n e:oes ;:::u far a;; r.' ;, Lumber the eats. The illustration "hows that this particular c at whisker c a m e from "Cat No. ;::O."

,fo,, Flemming, -4KL, refused to move ·with his family to Tennessee bemuse he can't make .a five.

Who makes 1:1 good porcelain antenna in­- ,mlator'!

It is ,mggested that the conventional radiogram "l:rrePtings via radio" be shortened to QGVR.

----8ML wonders what codes are used in

radio. First it was Morse, then Con­tinental, and now he understands it's Underwriters'.

Friend of Ours WDAF, of Kansas City, runs a midnight

dub of BCL's on the aLr, initiations <'On­ducted with the aici of a cow-bell, and all that sort of thing, calling the members Nighthawks. In - their newspaper they publish news from the fledgling Night­hawks, from which we quote this choice morsel:

uLogan~ 0.-Hav~ ~,~c-1.1 yet filled the job of official ~;unman of the Nighthawks 1 lf not, I will greatly &l'tPreeiate t.he ur,pointn1ent. I i:·a.u guarnntee to take t'.~l'rf> 1Yi inlerft:>1"ing nmateurs in t.he proper 1nanner. TieJJ brothers to st:.-nd addresses of such brass pounders to me.-·w. B. Showa.lt...e.r/,

Pleased to meetcher, Mr. Showalter. Ever hear of a Wouft'-Hong'!

-----•~----~-A. L. Munzig, OZJ, 1017 Trihune Bldg.,

Redlands, Cal., lt! laid up in the hospital nnd would like to heal' frc,m :come of the gang.

A thousand ,Signal Corps tubes, VT-11, of G.E, make, have been declared surplus and are offered for sale to the public at ~;fi,50 each, not more than three to a pt>rson, for amateu!' and experimental usP. Certi­fied checks or post-al money orrlers should be payable to Finance Officer, U.S .. Army at Signal Section, 1819 YI\/ est Pershing R,.,ad, Chicago, 111. Capt. Howman assures us the tubes have never been used and make g-ood detectors and amplifiers.

\Vanted: bome dope on ,,ynchronous motor driven re,.:-tifiers. Need not be liter­ary masterpiec:e or include finished draw­ings but should tell the story of :,omeone's woe.s in making one of thes•i things.

Standard transmitting gl'id leaks ar<' sometimes used by the gani for resistanees in rndio frequency amplifiers, multipliers in voltmeters, and field rheostats in motor­g,merators. The halves are paraileled for f.(1me nf these uses.

Daylight Work During rhe 'I'ransat!antics 1BCG of

Greenwich, Conn., was heard at 3 :54 P.M. Hawaiian Time on Dec. 13th by T. A. Marshall, 6ZY, in Honolulu, trani;mitting its code word ZHCeN. The distance fo about -l700 miles, the first 2500 miles of which was covered in darkness while the balance was in daylight, the reeeption being made in broad sunlir,-ht in midafternoon.

6ZY has also reported hearing 6KA at :! o'clock in the afternoon so loud that he could not keep on the phones. He says fiKA hi three times as loud at Honolulu as Pither NPL ur NPG.

In full daylight on Thanksgiving after­noon last, 3LR in Washington, D.C., three times heard the signals of 6XAD, Avalon, Calif., the first transcontinental daylight :reception of which W<' have ever heard. FB!

If you want all terminals in your ;wt shunted by grid ieaks, start by laying out )1our panel with a pencil instead of a scratch-aw! or other sharp-pointed tool.

:)CGD says ''The Old Man may he funny, hut 1DH is Whittier.''

Doc ( at 9ZAF asking Carp about a soldering iron) : ''Hey, Carp, is it Heising yet't'

Carp: "No, Hartley. It's almost Col­pitts."

A bout [!9 y. of the reports on 7 AD really belong to AD7 at Fort Omaha, Nebra,;ka. 7 AD 'has a small tube set and v:et,; (lllt hut at the same time wants no honors that do not belong to him.

J,""'ebruar;v:. 1928 QST H9

BC)OK REV IE \V Conducted by S. Kruse

"Radio Telephony for Amateurs," Stuart .A. Ballantine, David McKay Philadelphia, rn22. 2\!6 pp. 811 x5 ½, illustrations. :p .. 50.

by Co., 153

Already uHct- r,,de\vt•.i in mu <":vlumn$. tVf' mention this book ap;;dn uot only bf•eftuse of its gent:::s.·al e,:,,: .. n;-Uence i.1 ut. µi.'in1arily bet..:aLt~e our previolls rt.imarks '.lnforr,nnateiy 1.vcr.e $tr(>Wn thru rnany 4,~S'J' 1iag:~:s tu u. nurnn€r whieh no doubt caus~d many to foreg'O rN1rling it.

J:,'r,r the tlrst time in rnany years v;e have read a rririio t('xt book complete from <•over to cover. re-r­haps ihe n1ain rp}l.son why we have r~a,d .Mr. Hallan­tint!·~ ilt:"W book i~ that it i::, not at. ull about radio i.depflony~ ,,rnd 1-"H; have no Mf>» \yhv that tith~ \Vas r\hosen ior it unfoss it w:-,,t:t done by ihe pnblishPr be~ call~«=- ,--,f t 1he p1)pular interest in telephuny~

'!'his is ii. prarl.,\('}.(i book for the practical amateur and it t-akc~s H~ back to the days nf .M.organ and .Ji.':delms:rn, h is hy long odds the most )nt~re~ting i.,oQk frorn the J-.tandpoint of the Hnl~teur that ha~ .:t1,ppcar~<l. in !,,'t!al'S. After a noble preface in which the author .:·onsiderabiy twi$ts ihe tail •.~f the .~ngliRh languagt~ in spite of his apology in that l:'.unneciion he rPvll:'w;:; the principles of rariio t.elephonv and of th~ audion in his first two chat>ters. 1:rhese chaPters art;> thP. 'moEt v,.1mnact n•vfow ur fundamentals \-vhich ,..,.~ l't.'('.a!I sPeing, and knowing Mr. Ballantine RS we do we arJ;,-! N~i.·tain that it must hav,;- h~t~n a terribly hard job for him to be so brief and to the point l Likewise ~here is hardly any math in the hnnk, which a!(am must have be,;n a trial to Mr. Ballan: tine, ~o uur ,vonder is thP. greater at his book.

As the author himself sayst in the third an<l ,mc­ceeding chapters all mistaken att.f:'-mpts at a J)Opular treatment have be(•n frankly abandoned. ·which wa1;.; necessat-y in order to get something said. Antennas transmitteri:1. sources of power~ Rnd receiving ap~ paratus. a.re the genPtal classifications-into the ~mh­divisions uf which we <.'ftnnot go. 'rhe a11thor likes eages, knocks the Alexandersoti multiple ·tu.ned an­tenna, advifl.e~ amateur C.W. transmisAion on the twrial fundamental 1,-1.rave length, rapg aerial insula­tors having high capacity to ground, boosts the n1aNter osdllator and gives Hon1e good dope on it ~bo uphol~ t!le Meis1:n1e~ eircnit RR the be:-,t f•Jr 'C~W. i.,ra.!1.Bnuss10n raps A.(J. on the plate~ tells how to build f~0-he!1ry ,•hokes, boosts the .Rf'inartz tuner skyhigh !or C, W ., ri;_>c•ornends soft tubes for atnplifters for mttxi.mum results. and prays for the l't.:turn of the 1tay \•;h;c,n Wf!" ;;.hall have det~ent detector tubes on the amateur market. Complete wiring diagrams with eonsta.nts xre g:iven for any ra,mber of C.W. trans­lnitting ar-ra,ng:t:!t.ueub;, <lesi~ned in ~very chl'it" for two fi .. wl:!;tt tub~s. ·hvn fi11-watters, or twn 2!}0-wat.t.Prs. The ~11thc-r ,_,.:mdudes with his Appendix B in which he a.dvisP~ his t'P~ulers to hl'come affiliated ,vith their ioral radio dub wher(' thev will come in ('ntttac:t v. ith kindred spirits, and to rnftke it their busine$$ to be .. (!'Orne.~ m,:"rnhPr o! the American Radio Relay L~ague. to wh1t>h h~ xrar:1nnijly rlevot~s Revera} pages.

A ft:w n1-inor t~rrors and a ft~w st..atli!ments nf. opinion on ;vhi,rh \Ve would beg leav(l< to differ with th~~ w,ilhor dn not d.Ptract from the value of this book. H:hich w, .. unhesit~+ingJy r~c·ommend to every amateur. (J~'l"s Book D~partment handles it, bv the way. · "Radio Rieccption," by Harrv .J, Marx, •rechnical Editor, ''1.'he Rcul-io Digest," and Adriaf! Van Muff!i~g-. Consulting E!ngineer, New York. 'l'he Knickerbocker Press, 1922, 8 vo, 92 illustrations, 38 diagrams and one .full-page plate of symbols.

A. book for the man who wishes to hec:ome familiar but not intimat<'ly a4uainted with the principles of radio dl"<mits aud then to proceed t-0 the 11ss~mbling

of purchased parts into rece1 vu1g Dets. It is not for the r<:,a11 who \vishes to n1ake e·li·e1·ything himself, nor is it for the «lmost-selentist.

'J.~he f•:·,planatory diagrams a.re f?. iven Jn ~Pveral fnrms f0r each eirc•uit amt so earefully labeled that t.h~y NUl bt: followed with t:H$t> by the assembler. ·~inor etrorf:I, i'lttch a~ the ref.urn of the 11,rid circuit r(, tht=> ls: rung bide of the filament rheostat, Ul'.cur in ~vn1t:" of them. The only f'SfH!da!ly had thing in the t:inok is the ch:-qner on u.Antenna and Ground" iNhich leavPs the l'P.&d.er ,,;ith the mistaken impression that the ideal rrceiving A.ntenna is an uru.brt~Ha ~nd next &..t'.ter that a rnnlti~wir~ rp or L ·i;vith the downlead 1 . .virf'R r)atehed t.og-ether vdth a damp connect.or. "Radio for All," by H. Gernsback. Editor "Radio New8," New York; ,J. B. · Lippin­::ott Company, 1923, 8vo.; 392 pages; 145 illustrations.

Although prim&rily o-f intf're~t to the formPr. this l1ook ,vill he use[ol to both the novice br1.,adcast lii-,tf'ncr and the receiving Hmateur. Despite an hnaginative frontispiece and preface, this book i,2, plemm . .utly ire~ from the radio ·bunkum that mars rnost reee11t radio hooks. The beg-inner i)3 led by ~aMY and understandable st.ages up to the ,~onstruc­tion of receiving- ec..1uipment embodying a t-ube de­teetor with two etages of amplification. On the lt'oatl the author meet:;, t'XPO~PR and denounces a num­ber of pPrsistent radio fallacies.

'fhe wxt is i,xplained by the liberal use of mecham­<•al aud hydraulical analogies. In the main these are happily (!hose-n. The corustruction of antennas is taken up with referm:ice tf1 the ,·onditions one actu­ally vdll ~ucountet· in an unfavorable rather than ani ideal location. The underwriters• requirements in this direction 11,re ~l~o made dear. The illustrations are of the perspet~tive-diag-ram type until the latter 1:,art of the book, in which the , . .,,,ding of llat dia­grams is e-xplained.

/\ !though little mention is made of c.c,de trans­mission and reeeption" the appendix contains a vari­ety o.f. n1at.Prial of interest to the code man. The-re nre provided 11lso wire and winding tables~ a H~t >ind map of the broadcasting stations of the United States.

On the whole it is a well halanced book. It must b,~ given u good rating. t:':,q.,cidally after it hli:i under­gvne revision .1a1d in the proce::n:J has lofit eertain ~<:•11t.ences r,f ('umbersome 1.:·onstruction, a i\.~w dll'@ct ter.hnkai errul'8, and a ~utplus of reference::. to in­:-1tr11mcnl:,, now nhRolete-. "Ideas for the Radio Experimenter," by Milton Sleeper. New York. The Norman W. Henley Publishing Co., 1922. Duodec.; 134 pages; 2 plates of radio symbols and 60 illustrations.

Bearing- the .:-tamp nf Mr. Slf:"PPf.}r's personality in its chara<'t~rh1tic clear-cnt drawinJ4g, detailed instruc­tionf;: and precis~ slutements. this l.v,oklet iH l,t!i:it deS('rihcd by quoting from its own cover the i_;t_.ate­ment that it is "an accurate, reliable and authorita­tive guide .for the laboratory ,yorker. 0

rrhe ehapters concerning the (·on:,truction and use of laboratory <:•E-dHators. 1,vave meters and varfo .. meters, described thoroly practical instruments. The chaptf•n{ concerning K~wh 1:;i.1bJects ~s radio compass operation. the measurement of tube ehara.cteristics,. high frequency resistance tBnd the like~ are clearly and roncisely put.

Soeeial attention is paid to the 1.ialculation of in­ductanct=-s Rnd the f1;,(•illation frequency ol rircuits. frher~ i:,i, a ·wealth of information regarding coils with a single lxyer, various numbers of banks. Bpaee-d [i1yers. aiAo ,.'.oils c,f toroidal form and pancake ••oils of Yttrious shape in.duding th~ ''::;piderweb:•

The hook t.erminetes \\'ith 8 lihi\ra1 AUJ>ply of ta.hles

70 QST February, 1928

and a chapter on the requirements of the National Fire Protection A,sociation with regard to radio in­stallations. "Modern Radio Operation," by J. 0. Smith of 2ZL, New York, Wireless Press, Inc., 1922, Svo, 34 halftone illustrations and :32 diagrams.

'The value of Mr, Smith's book is greater than one's first impres!iion indicates. Thru an unfortun­ate arrangement oi the chapters vacuum tube funda­mentnls are not touched upon until 1>age 48 and Chapter Vl ar,. r"aehed, tho there have gone before th,...., <•haotera on radio u.lephonY. 'rhe A.R.R.L. man will do wdl t<> begin reading at page 5:1.

Tho heavily shaded by the vend! of the Radio Corr,or.ation the ren1ainder oi t.he hook ~ of use in the amateur tube station and will at times provide information &.~ t.o the myF.ttet'ious ailment that is troubling the transmitter. The price of the book is ~et too high_. "Letters of a Radio Engineer to His Son," by ;John Mills, Engineering Dept., Western Electric Co., Inc. Harcourt, Brace & Co., New York, 1922, 8vo, 265 pages, 12 full­page plates and 136 illustrations.

The position of Mr. Will:; in the radio world is SU.<~h that eomment on the t:1:irrectness of the state­ments in his hook is not required. While written as " boy's book of radio the •'Lettero" are intended for

<"hapters ttre apparently written by or copied ffr• batim from authoritles on the subject under OOll• sideration. '!'he book il! acc,0rding!y U!!eful u a readable refer"nee on specific phases of radio. Never­theless the hook is an array of detached chaptca which the author has lacked the courage l,0 impNIIII with his peraonality and consolidate into a unit. A. a t"xt the hnok would not be useful.

:Be<!>utse oi the manner of its construction the book also suffers from reiteration. Chapter 1, a.Liatenins In," .is ahnost an eKact duplicate of Chapter 11, "What Can I Hear On The Radio." Wherever the t.,;,ct; comes from the pen of the author himself the materia I l• neither clearly presented nor entir,eq <!orrect in detail.

At a gues• the author dropped ont of radio about 1914 and has since been in ve1·y loo~e i,ontact with it. An unnecessary amount of •pace is given to «park sets and to obsolete or obaolese.,nt rtt.eiviq apparatus, while tube transmitters 11re treated aa a mystery 4:•:apable of sointion by none but sdentiata.

We wi,re happy to se,, a good chapter on "What the Amateur Has Done in Radio," with considerable information on the A.R.R.L. and its aims and IIC• complishments.

V iew,,d all around, in spite of the fact that we do not like it ,.,, a book, ,~., must admit that theN la much in it which will help the Novice who tireoa of idle knob-twirUng and seeks to find out a little about the very interesting a<'tivity of the Amateur.

~:ttfi~1fie \r1~~d::!~':IBthi:1~d:\h:n t~~ d;~ :~~= 9DR~9ZT, l\1INNEAPOLIS, MINN. 1,utting on of phones and twiddling of knobs. Mr. (." t' d ·• · Mills ge1cs ov.er this ground and leads up to the in- L,On 1nue. ,trom pa.ye 62) t"Ui,r,~nt eonstrnction of operative sets without call- favorable to transmission. ing on an~ mathematics beyond the simplest arith- • metic, wit,hout dodging questions. ,rnd without the 'l'yp1cal of the truly amateur station, the use of erude ,rnd ina<'eurate explanations. apparatus is strewn all over the table where ,uv;~e "!;~kif::: ".;'~t~t;•Pa:~u!i!~fo~oniof tru,~~:t~':~ all kinds of experiments and changes can with radio stations. Because that material is not be made without a great amount of trouble. found in most of our ref<>r<'nces and because of the 9DR has just this reputation; hut each thoro way in which the fundamentals are illuminated, change is generally for the better, we are many of us may well sit at Mr. Mill's knee and with h dd ,. d him revi<'w the principles oi the apparatus we u•e appy to a • Some ay ·he will put every. daily. thing in a box or behind a panel and "'The Radio Amateur'• Haudbook," by A.. then a picture will ~how nothing but some Frederick Collins, New York. Thomas Y. knobs, meters, and a switch, and perhap_a Crowell. Hevised edition 1922, 8vo, 403 the signals wil! not get out half so well. pages, Hi full page illustrations and 100 The present transmitter has two 50-diagrams. watt tubes in parallel as oscillators. The

The tPx, of "The !tadlo Amateur·• Handbook" is other two tubes are kenotro.n rectifiera wl"itten down to the small hoy, tile absolute begin- which rectify the stepped-up A.C. to a high ner in things electrical. Mnch of it is well presented. voltage D.C. which is supplied to the plates the internal arrangement and the l'tOnnections of radio apparatu• are .-xplained by well-conceived dia- of the oscillators with a current flow of i;:rams and figures. That their_ impress!on i•. un- 200 milliamperes. A.C. is used to heat favorable '", due to weak dr':'ugn11/m':'nship entm,Jy. the filaments of the four tubes. The set

ThP ,;rd<'rtng of the materrnl withm the ehapters - • d . . . and vf the chapters themselves 1~ .lncoherent-7\nd IS e,ngned as a relay transmitter and the illogical. Neither will th<>---;'.felegraphi.ng Amateur changP-oVer from transmitting to receiving that rP,.ds the,,'c P'\li!"" ,.,..,,:,gmze the radio world pre- is remarkably quick and accomplished with 11ented by Mr. L!f>llms. In these l)fl!.(es are prps.,.rved • I 't h Th • t antenna,i nf e<,Mtruction W<!U-n!gh forgotten and a ~mg e SW! C • . e maximum an enna spark ,i,nding set• of . types that have wholly dis- current was 6 ½ amperes hut with in­sappeare<!-,,v,,n ba~k to the. """" that include an creased height of the antenna the current <!ledrotyt,., interrupter. Agam the tube sets shown J ed - 'I'h do not empioy the t'ircuits with which we are moat oropp to 5 amperes. e present an-succe_saful and some of them have no means of sig- tenna is a two-wire flat top between two nailing """" :i grid-leak choppe.r. The adjustment apartme11 t houses and i.s 20 feet from the of tube set,a •• PMSed over entirely, and regenera- f d b O f f h d tlve tuners are tre1<ted most casually. It seems un- roo an a ont 7 .eet rom t e groun . fortunate that in the revision th .. re was not taken A nfine-wire fan counterpoise CO'Vel'l'l a into _council an amateur ,·or1ver,,ant with rttrrent i;..-reat portion of the area between the two prar.t1ce. "··

The amateur license system is explained in the apartments. "PP<>ndix but the doings of the amateur world are The bulk of the receiving is done with !;ft:-0 R\h.fioi"!t,1;;~'::!~i<~· H~~r~t~V!:' title this is not a single circuit reC;eiver C(!mbin~d with a "The Book of Radio," by Chas. Wm. Taus- G.E. detector-amphfie! umt, m~mg W.E. sig; D. Appleton & Co., New York, 1922, phones. If at any tune. the signals be-8vo., 445 pages, 186 illustrations. come unreadable, the r~dto frequency set

The unusually elear printing and good binding <>f to the left of the photo IS used, although it this book are a pleasure tn the r<,ader. The various (r!oncl11ded on page 79)

February, 1923 QST 71

Calls Hem_ ffll --

HEARD DURING DECEMBER Unless Otherwi11e Specified

B. Overstreet, U. S. S. Canopus, Colon, Panama. C.W.: lDQ, 1FB, lXM, l.ADL, lADP, lA,JA,

lAJP, lALZ, lA WF. 1 BDT, lBES, lBET, lBKA, 1BKQ, lCCZ, :lEL, 2FP, 2FQ, 2FU, 2GI, 2GK, 2KL, 2LO, 20M, 2NZ. 2ZK, 2ZL, 2ZS, ZAHO, ~A WF, 2AWL. 2AYV, ::!AZC, 2BRB, 2BRC, 2CBW, '.WBX, 2CCD, 2CGJ, 2ClM, '.!CKR, 2CQL. :JCQZ, :,lXAO, 2XAP, 3BG, 300, 3DH, 3HG, 3JH, 3JJ, 3.TJ. 3XM, &ZR, 3ZW, az:~. :!ABY, 3AF'B, 3AQR, ;JAUU. &BFU, 3BGT, 3HMN, 8HOB, 3fl'rK, 8BVL, 4AQ, nix, 4DL, ,rnB. um. 4FT, 4HK, HZ, ~KM. 4NK, 40P, 5DA, 5EK, r,FTJ, 5MT, &PX, liSK. r,SM. 5TT, liXB oXK, liZA, liZA V, 6DA, 6ZI, 6ANY, 7BH, 7QV, SAB, 8BP, 8CV, 8CY, Sb'Q, 8FU, 8HJ, BIG, 8KG 8ML !lMZ, i<PD, 8QK. RUE, 8VQ, 8XE, 8YD, SZY, 8ZZ, 8AA~'. SADG. SAGZ, 8AYC, ~AZQ, 8BDA, SBDE, 8BDU, 8BEO, SBNY, 8BOZ, 8BRC, 8BRK, 8BSY, SBVR, 8BXW, 8CFB, 8CKO, 8CQL, SCVA, BCZC, 9AL. 9EI. !lls.r. !iEP, 9II, 9KM, 9UC, 9UU, IXL, !1ZN, 9AGG, !IAIX, 9AMI, :lAOU, 9APS, DASE, 9BBF, ~Jl.WJli...,9CYW, 90,TB, 9DKY, SIDSM, flDWK, !lXAC, !!YAJ, \lZAC. Canadians: IBV, :lDH. 3,fH, 30T, 1AQ, 9AL .. I.C.W.: ZFP, !,JZN. Spark: 4BY. Fone: 2EL, GZA.

H. T. Mapeg, Guanaiuato, Gto., Mexico. I All over 800 miles}

C.W.: 111.ZW, i.CKP, 2UD, 2F'P, 3YO, 3VO, HDH, ,EH, U'G, 4KM, oAE, 5AEC, 5ADE, 5ANO. 5ACF, Ii.AAS, 5BJ.J. 6CK, 5CI. oDI, GEN, fiEK, r,p•r. liFV, l>GJ, liGAM, f.GR, [;(;EN. r.rx, r,rn, fif.A, 5JB, 5JAI, f.JL, 6JT, ,,KC, 5KP, 5LA. ;;MT, 5ME, l'lllY, (iMX. GNN, r,NK. r.Ns. r,ox. 5PO. 5PV, fiPX, &QI, r:,QY, 5QA, 6RA, f.RH, Ii.RN, 5RE, 6SF, ISSS, 5SM, l'iTK. 5TJ, 6TC, 5UJ, 6UMT, oUK,-il!O,., 6VA, &VO, 6:XVH, r,XA, !iXAJ. fiXD, 6XX, ,;xy-, 6XAD, &XV. 5ZAV, 5ZAA. 5ZAK, 5ZA'f, 5ZB, liZU, 6ZA, 6ZO. 6ZAG, 6ZAS, oZAE, 6AK, 6ANH, 6AGP, 6ABX, 6AVD, 6AMZ, 6A,JF, 6ARB, GAPW, llAEQ, 6A W. 6BOE, <,BKO, 11BUN, 6HRF, 1;BJQ, IIBVW, 6BRS, 6BUM, 6HVQ. GBOD, 6BPZ, 6BIQ, GBQC, 6CU, 6CC, Wfll, 6EK, 6EN, 6FH, 6l<'F, IIFT, 6GX. MF, 6KA, 6L V, 6NN, 60H, GRM, 6RR, 6SF, 6SU, 6TI, 6TW, 6WH, t\XAD, iiXK. llXA, llZH, 6ZZ, 6ZX, '7AD, 7AW, 7BJ, 7LR, 7SC, '7TQ, 8AJllA, 8AZF, 8AB, 8A8C, 8AZQ SAZD, 8AQ, SAQO, 8ARD. 8BK, 8BSY, i!BLC, 8B'XH. RCID, ii!CUR, SPD. 8SP, SUE. 8XE, SYD, ~ZN, 8ZY. 8ZW, SZZ, 9AAV, 9AOD, 9AOU, !lAHU, 9AUL, llAYU, il!APW, 9AON, !• ARV, i:IAPS. 9AVZ, 9AIX. 9AJH, ilAJG, 9AFK, 9ANQ, !!ANF, 9ASF, 9AMI, 9A WM. IIAAP, !IAUA, 9AEY, IJAOG, 9AEX, 9BM, 9BDS,

,,Q.I!J<,R, .• IIBBF, 9BJl, 9BJ, 9BZI, 9BXQ, !HK, 9HKP, llBK, 9BXT, !iBSG. f!BP, 9BZZ, llf!LY, 9BRK. 9BGS, 9CINA, !tCNY, 9CPU, 9(,'R, 9CDE, 9CMK,

"<ll.'1~~ 9CNS, lJCU0, 9CFY, 9CCV, 9CBA. 9DQU, lffiltQ, 9DGE, 9DWK, 9DSM, 9DQM, 9DKY, 9DFB, IIDGV, !lI>BL, ~DZ, 9EBT, 9FM, !.\GK, 9GN, 9HK, 91Y, 9IR, \JLN. 9PN,...:.1~ 9RK, HJU, 9XAQ, 9XAC. 9YAJ, 9YM, 9Z'l';-ti'it":fi[

Spark: 6ACQ, 5RB, f>RA, fiTG, 5TP, nUD, 5YG. 5ZAI, 9AQE.

Heard at Sea by "FK" Dec. 13; (140 miles North of Jupiter, Fla.). (All

Dut.) C.W.: 1AGH, lALZ, lAKB, 1ARY, lAXE, 1BCF,

1BDI, 1BDT, 1BES, 1BET, 1BKA, 1BKQ, lCJA, lCMK, lCRR, lCY, lSN, 2AHO, 2AJF, 2A'fS, 28G, 2BSC, :!()CD, :lCEI, 2CGT, 2EE, 2GI, 2UO, 3.AFB, IAIP, 8AIQ, SAUU, SBEC, 3BFG, 3BFQ, &BG, SGT IBHM:, :rnHO, :rnIY. 3BNU. 8BSM; 3CC. SDH, lllD,SHH, 3IW, 4BY, 4CO, 5EB, 4EH, 4EL, 4FT,4GL

4GX, 4KK, 4YA, &AAS, 5ABH. 5ACP, 5DA, r,DI, f,EK. 5GD, oIK, 5JB, 5KP. I\MY, r,NV, 5PB, 5PX. 5SF, 5TC, oTU, 6U.J, GUN, 6VY, 5WE, 5WH, r,xv. oZA, 6ANH. oKA, 7XXV, SAA, 8AAF, SAB. SAB:M, SAD, 8AIW. SALT, 8AQD, SAXB, 8AZF. 8AZQ, 81:!CY, 8BDB. 8BDU, 8BDV, 8BEF, 8BGJ, 8BK, 8BNY, BHP, 8HRM. 8BSF. 8BU, 8BUM, SBVR, 8BVT, f!DA'l', SCEP, 8CGY, 8CGX, 8CKO, 8CMI, 8KS, SML, 8MZ, 8f'D, 8RL, 8SP, SUE, 8XE, 8ZD, 8ZR, 9.AAP, OABV; IIAHH, 9AMH, 9APS, 9.AQR, 9ASJ, 9.A WF, 9BAK,~~D, 9BEY, 9CBA,

.J).CJ:Q,,. 9CKM, 9CP 9CPY, • 9DFB, 9DJB. 9D'NH, 9DPL, 9DQM, 9DQU, UDSD, llDVN, \lOXU. 9DYN, ilEl, 9FM. nu, 9KB. 9LQ, 9PS. 9US. 9UU. ilWC, 9XAC, Canadian 2BG.

Dec, 14; ( 110 miles South of Jupiiter. Fla.) C.W. lAZW, 1BAS. lBEP, !BET, lBKA. 1BKQ, !OJA, 10:MK, 1CY, lXU, 1XZ, ZAFA, 2AHO, 'lAJW, 2ASJ, 2A'rs. 2AVU. 2AWL. 2RKT. :'.!BRY. 2CBG, 2CBX, 2CBW, 2CC, 2CD. :!CKR, 2EL. ~FW, 2GI, 2GR, 2HW, 2KL, 2LO, 2NZ, 2UD. ~XAO, :lAF'B, 8.AIP. 3AIS, :'.ANS, 8AQR. 3AUU, 3BFU. 3BG, aBGT, ;',BRM. !HII.T, \tBOB, 3BVL, :rnz. 3CAN. ;WM, 3HG. :mJ, 3JJ. 3MO, :!NH. :nrnw, 3XM, 4BQ, 4BX. 4BY, 4CG. 4EB, 41':H, ,\"!%, c!F<l, .tFT, 40A, -!YA, 5ACF, 6ADE. f>CI, liDA, liEK 5IR f:iMY, 5NK, &RH. oSF, 5SN, f,UF, r,UK, fiXAD. fiXB. 5XV. r,XY, f>ZA. oZAS. r,zo, 5ZS. ~zo, 8AAF, 8AB, BAIM, 8AIO, 8ATP, 8At;'/O. ~AXC, 8AZD, 8AZF', 8AZQ, SBDB, 8BDG, 8BEF, 8BFT, 8BKE, 8BSS, 8BVR. RCF, l'ICJH, 8CVR, SCZR, 8FQ, 8FT, 8ML, SSP, SSUE, 8UE. 8VY. 8XE, SZY, HABU, i!ALR. 9AP, 9APS, .• .fl.KE;JJ.,, !tRTK, ..Jl{3JU., 9BYN, 9BZI. 9BZZ, 9CBA.u<'lJ. 9CMK;-,fcp, liDFB, 90GB, 9DGQ, 9DQU, 9DUB, \JEBI, 9EBT, 9EI, 9FM, 9(,K, \!OX. 9PX.

Dec, 15th; (175 miles West of Key West, Fla: 'l'hrouR"h heavy QRN) C.W.: 1ALS, lBEP, 1BES, 2AVU, 2AWL, 2CBX, 2C.JN, 2EL, 2F'P, ~GI, 2GS, ::?LO, aAH, 3AQR, :3AUU. :rnFU, :rnz. 4BY. -!EA, 4EL, 41''G, 4HS, 4IZ, 4YA, 5AA'r, r.BK, f>ES, 5IK. f.JB, 5.JL, oMY. GNK. 6SM. 5SS. 5UK, r.xv. oZA, oZAS. r,ZAV, (,ZZ, 8AZQ, 8BDU, 8BKE. SBQM, 8BRC, llCHU, 8CMI, 8FQ, \\ADS. 9AQS. 9BDS,

..Jjjj.,J.C., 9DQU, 9EJ, !lKM. 9PS. 9XL. -i::rec. 16th; (430 miles West of Key West-All Dists.) C.W.: lAJP, lASF'. iQP, HJN, 1XM, 2AJW, 2AWL. 2UD 2XAO. 3BEI, 3BGI, 3CO, 3DH, 3FS, 3FO, 3HD, 4CY, 4EA, ,4EJB, 4EH. 4EU, 4GH, HZ, 4YA, 5AA'f, 5ABY, 601. 5!EK, 51'1S, 5.l<'V, 5HB, f,lR, 5IX, 6JB. 6JL, 5MC. r,MT, f>RH. 5SF. r.ss. 5TC, 5VM .. r,xv. 5ZA, 6ZAS, 5ZAV, 5ZB, 6BRS, ,;KA, 6ZZ, 7AFW, 8AB, 8AGO. 8AXC, KAXM,, KBEF, SBFM, 8BKE. 8BRC, 8BSS, SBUE, SBVT, HJJA, SLT, SZD, 8ZY, 9AL, 9AEV, 9AIY, 9ALR, 9APS, 9AQA, 9ASF', 9ARZ, 9f!AA, 9BET, 9R1E, 9BJP, 9BXT, 9BYX, 9BZ, IIBZZ, 9CBA. !!CCM, 9CCS,~if-8" 9CKM, 9CNY, 9DCR, 9DGE. \JDKB. 9DQU, • W, 9DSD, 9DYR, 9DYU .. &ECZ, 9FM, 9GK, 9KM, \!PS, !!UH, 9US, 9YA,l, IIZAF'.

Dec. 18th: /At Tampico, Mex.) /All Dists.) C.W.: lAJP, 1BET, lCJA, lFB, 1UN. 1XM, ~AHU, 2BMR, 2BRB, 2CBX, 2CCD, 2m•1, 2CJN, 2CPD. 2EL, 2FP, 2Gl, 2GK, 2LO, 2XAO, 2XAQ, 3ANS, '.'.AUU, 3BMM, 3BNU, 8HG, :mT, 3XN, 3YO. 8ZW, 4.BY, 4CG, ,JEB, 4EH, 4J<'G, 4GL. 4KM. 4YA, 5AAM, 5AAT, 5ABY, 5AEC, 5BE, 5CC, 5EK, GEN, J\GH, liIA, 5,lR, !HS, 5-IX, oJB, 5JL, 5KB, &KC, 5NK, r,NV, 5NS, &PF, 5PO, 6QI, &QS, 5QY, &RH. 6SF, 5SK, oSM, l'iSS, 5TK, 5UK, !iVA, r.vl\f, oVY, r,xAJ, 1iXD, I\XK, r:.xv. 5ZA, 5ZAP. 5ZAS. SZB, GZS, tlABX, 6BQJ<], 6CU, 6fF, 6KA, 6ZZ, 7BJ, 7ZU, SAQO, 8AWP. 8AXC, 8BDE, 8BDU, SBFQ, SBKE, 8BRY, SBSS, 8BXH, SCAA, SC.AC, 8CUR, 8CV, 8JU, 8SP, SYD, 8ZY, !IAEV, 9AEY, !IAJG, 9AJH, 9ANF, 9AOG, .. 1!AO_I'i. 9APS, !JAQR, 9ASF, 9AUL, 9AVZ, 9AYO, lln"O', !!BAK, 9BDT, 9BDS,

QST F'e bru ary, 1923

Canadian 5CT, W. F, Reeves, Duncan, B. C. ,. ··- -. ., .t fVan~ouyt';.r .!·) . ... - . .,park-!!.S,: un.WH, ,,B!,'i, ,Afls. ( ,AIO!, 7Br.,

,CD. , 7HD), nx. ;·K,J. 7LY, ·;·Nw, ( ;·o:ri. 7RO, ~VF. Canadian: (~AK), (!AX.

C.W.-U.S.: lFB. UT, 2EL, 2FP, SOT, ,!BY, 5BF., l',FC/, H;F, 5MY. f,NK, GPX. f>RH, 5SF, f,SM, 5TC, f;UK, r.tTN, f>VA, f.XV, 1iZA, ilABX, 6AHR, GAJF, i:iA;rR, <iAK, ;;ALX, (iAOR, HASX, llATC. HATH, ,;AUY, UlA WT), <\BC.I, tlBJQ, 6BMD; 1H!NT, •JBOW, ilRUM, ~cc. GFH, dKA. (,LV. 6NX. iHJH. ?!,tM, iilUW,(, 6,VM, 6Z_!f,.6ZT, n:x. HZZ, (ZAB!p, , ,ACG). i ,A!,X). , ,AD), 1 ,ADF), 1 ,AD(d, 7ADM, ,ADO, ·;ADP, 'i,\EM, ('IAli'H). (7AFSI, 7AFW, i7AGF), 7Anv. ·,AHA. 7AHI, (7AIC), {:z~1I>, zA1.M.,.,-~

1~'AJ· 92 . ('j'B.!>.: 7B!(. ,..7o(""'c •. c,<7pPL

,. ,EQ), ,FD, ,UE, t ,HJ/, ·1HM, ,H', ,Jt,. ,JW, (7KE). '1KG, 7LR, (7MFJ. '/NA, 7NF, ,NJ, (7NM).

'7NY. (7PF)~ 7(lF. 7QT. 7RI. 7S~ 7SJ. 7TH. (7TOL (7TQ). l"7TT). l'JUDL (7WK), f7WML 7ZK, :<\AH. ~AEA, ~AJX, BAPY, 8.AXB, ><AZD. BAZF, 8BFM. i,'BK, 8CYT;- ~IR, ~UK, 8YD, 8ZK, .sz:w. 8ZY, BZZ. f>A.~P,,.?AAL!;f ,>A.E:Q. !iAEY, 9AF'K, •f!AHH, !).".SF, HAT.~..:U. :>BBF, ~RIK. !iB,JI, :H!.fV, :!BLY, />BM, :tBP, :•BTH. !)BSG, \lllXQ. 1:lCCV, ~CMK, 9CN8, 9CZZ. 9D(G. flDPL. 91.H-JM, '9DSD, 9DSM, ~~D'l'M, l•EB'I\ 9GK. tiIG, :H<P. ~lPVI. llTJC. !JXAf',._ HYAJ, ,:,YM. f,ZN, AL>i, Cana<lian: aco, O.B. ,rnR, iU)\,!), 4HH, r,AC. /:iBQ). ,;CN. (5EJ). (5GQ). \Vill QSL any inquirie~.

l BOQ, Lakeville, Ct. Spark: ilCNI). ;~f'P), /S!JDI, ( iFDi, JGN,

um, fiQS. 5TU, 5XA. (8BDA). i9CPi. !!HO, '.•,TX, ·~LF, 9MO. (901<'), 9F'V, 90R. ii':f'L, 19VZl, 9WX, WY,T. 9ZN, 9AAW. i9AIR), /HAZA), (~ABM), '9AGN. (9A()W), (lA!T), 9AGH, DAMK, 9AMQ, 9AOJ, l!APK. (iiAVP), 9AHP. 9AZE, /9AZF), (9BOO), ~ !IBR~, 9,CAN. 9(;BS, ~JJt 9CEN_ .. 9D~G. 9DAY, ~DHU, ,IDHZ, Hl,Jt,, ,ii.KG, 1vDLX!. ·9DNC, /9DTN\, f•DTY, t•DWA, rDWP, ~DWX, (9DXE), 19DXKi. ~DXT.

G.W.: 4BX, H]A. H'T, UK, 4L.T, 4XB ifonP), f>F~T. tiICt t.IRt GPX~ i',XA, :7,ZA. iJZAS, CXAD, 7ZU, (9AAPl, ~AEY, \IAIP. f>AIY, uAMH, 9AMI, 9A?:fF, 9A¥U~,Jll, /A.\lT. !iAPH, ,9AP~, 9ARZ, 9ASN, 9A1.,T, !r/n>'t, ,JBCF, c•RDB, ~BDS, 9BDY,

dill;!,E...!1,. f>BVP, OCAN, 9CCM. ricnA. ~- 9CHN, ~(9CTE), (ICZL, llDDY, \!DKY, flDPJ 9DQU,

(9DTA), 9DWK. 9DWQ, BDZU, ~EBL 9BP, 9DJ, ·9cp, {ilEil, 9EP, ~GX. f•LH, HLQ, 90X:. 9PU, ~WC, t1 WX~ 9ZN.

lAAC Framingham, Mass. C.W.: 1AS, (lbM), (IDQ1, UGV), UL. HI,

1JT, llKCl, !LL. 1LJ, l MA. 1MY, lOR, 10N, 1.QP, HSD), OABY), OADN), !AGH, (1AIH). (1A1Ll, lAJTJ. lAJR, I lANY), lANQ, lAOT, lAVK, JAWW. ,1.AXIl. (lAYDL i.lAZLi, HAZW) !BAS, I lBBP), I.BDT. lBES, lBGF, lBGW. IBKQ, (lBKR), i!R.JN), (iBLA), {JBNF). !.BNT, OBQDJ. , lBQK), lBRQ, JHSZ, '(lBW,J), l BXXH, ! lBYNi, !CAJ, (lCAK), {lCCT), H'DO 1C!c0, !CGR, OGJDI. lCJH, 1CMK, (lCNF), (lCPD), !lCPI), (lCPNi, HJRW, lCVE, ,:JCSW). lCXX, lCZR. 2~:1,, 2K\!, 2NZ. ?.RY, 2TB.

DYH, ::zK. ;;..\AR, '.:ABD. '.U1 AF, :'.AVA. :1.A\'G, c:AYV, 2BFS, ZRGI. :'BJP. ~BQD, 2BQU, ~HRH, ,, BHC ,, ... ,BG ''CBW ,,,.,,CLI ,,cr;s •>i)i'T ''('MM

j~'i~::;~~:1l\'~f;i~ir;:,}~};:' ft,f):)~:·}:2~'. }~;~: wr.J, '.IXM, 3YO, !lZZ ;;A fl,), :,ACR, iADT, :\AFB, ::ALT, :JAQR, :lAPT .. :lA WH, ?BFQ. :>f:!FU, ,iBTF, :lBIJ' :'IRIT. ::.HOR, ?\HO}\ :rnJY, rnx. ,U;L, ,{EP, H'T, HfW, 4,JK, ,,KA, 4KK, 4KL, H,P, 4NK, -!NT, {YA. BY4., r,RK. ,;Kc. f>NZ, tT.T, r;nK_......(ilJJ1._5XD, f•XK. r1ZA, 5ZB. ~i.ABY. t,Z.J •. G. OZA.;:;, ~ZAV, !l(~(j~ (:zz, 1rnNT. ·;,;c, ALl7, i<DV. SHH. HH,J, ~LV. HNN, 80E, q()N hPD, 8QK,8RJ, mrn. ~TR. ~l.JF, KUR, oVG/, bVY, SWX, 8XE, SXR J,hone, B'\'M phone, k'.lQ, EtZY, :~7.Z, 8AAF', 8AAK, 8ABE, BAEB, SAFE, SAJR, HALT, 8ANB, HAP!. SAQI,, ~ATE, g A. VR, 8.A VT, :,A VU, 8A WP phone, ~ A WT, 8A WV, 8A WZ RAXC. SAXD, ;;BDE. &BGE, !;BGL, SflEK, BBGH, 8BKN, 88NY, 8BNT, HCCR. 8CEH, 8lJEI, BCG,T, 8CIA, xCGU, SC.JR, 8CKN. ,<CKO, -~CLK, 1<!10J. 8COO, XCPD. 8CHV. ~VE, BBP, ~CM, 8FP, \lGX, OKP. 9LQ, POX, !lPF, 9RC, ilVZ, !lWA, !!WC, HAAP, 9AIX, fJAIY, 9AJH, •;iAMI, iiAMM, ~AMT, \)ANM, (>APW. ~ASE, 9AZA, 9BAK, ~BDB, .;~.li!,gq"" /!BES. i•BFM, \IBQW, ~JRSG. iiBSZ, fJ!ilTT, :r'!'fl'ff{, \lCCM, '.lCFL f1GHI, \1CHK, OG,JM. !iCUT, '.1<1YW, \!DCB, \JDDY, !JDFR, PDKQ, IJDKY, !•DSG. \JDXM, \JECE, DYAD, !JYAJ, DZAA.

SpRrk: (lAA), (lACH), \lAILl, (lf!FLl. (lBFQ), llBJN,) (!BRI), (lBWL), i !CSX). SNS, 1.:CMM, 3CS, ;Jf.;r, :ClGX, HARM. ,JHC, ;;AUG. 8BfJA, 8CEH, 8CUV, 0LF, DV'i:, 9ZN, l!AHQ, !)AVA.

1BEC. R. F. Shea, 19 Laurel St., Arlington, Mass. Spark: ZAAJ<', 2AIJ, '..:BJF, DBM. >lCT, iDN,

,:FP, tGX, 2NS, 20M, ;JOX, JQR, !iAHK, 8AQI., ?,ARM. :;cs. nm, 8BRL. 8BY, 81l0A, 8KU, 8MZ.

C.W.: lACL. lAGC, lAJP, 1AJU, IANS, iAOL, lA'!'.J, lAWR, tAWW, lAZW, lBES, JBFE. lBGI, lBGW, !.f!KA. JBMS, '!flOE, !BOP, lBQD, J.BZD, !CAB, lCA. lCAK, lCDO. lCN, lCPO, lCQF, 1 !H.J, 1EE. ll;V, .UI, !-IT, lOK, 10N. !SQ, JUJ, lZE, '.:~AAB. :2AB. 2ACR. :;!ACT~ 2ACZ. l?.AUR, '!.APA, 2AFC, 2 A FP, ::AGC 2AHI, 2AHO, 2AIF, 2AJ F', 2A.rw. ,,,\LY, ~AMP, 2ANM. 2APD, ZATS, ZAVG, ~AVU, ?AWH, 2AWL, 2AWS. l1AYV, '.!AZ, 2AZC, 2BBB, 2RCF. DRCK, 2BDI. ~BDU, 2BKA, ::!BEM, 0:'BFZ. 2BG, ~BGI, 2lR. 2BJO, ,: RJP, 2 BKJ, ZBKQ, ~BLM, 2BLP. 2HMK, 2BML, 2BMR, 2RMS, JBNC, Z8NZ, ,\BOA, 2BPF, 2HQ.D. 2BQlf, :!BRB, 2BRC, :rn,RX, ~BSC, 38SH, ZBSP. 2:BTW, 2BUF:, 2IlUM, ::BUR, 2BVH. 2HWA, :?.BWH, :lBWR, '.!BWU, ,:BWW, ?BYS, 2BZQ, lCBG. 2CCD, 2CDH, 2:CDK, 2CEI. :!CJ.:V, 2CF, ~.!CFT. :.!CFS, 2CGT, :~CHG. ~"!CHH. 2C1Mt 2crN. 2CJE, '..!C.JN, ~~(:JP, 2CKK~ 2CKL. 2CKR, 2CLX, 2CMR. :lCNK, ~COA. 2C0H, 2CPO, :>.CQ[, ':!CQZ, 20HO, ;>.sL. U;TC, Wtrs. 2CWS, ~ox. ~EL, ;:J.,•P. 2GI. !WK, 2HJ, '!JW, 2KF, '.\KL, :;ML, ZMX, !.!NZ, ,:OM, ;;oR. :!!RC, 3TB, HJD, 2VH, 2WR 2ZL, :lAAY :,ABW, 3AC4, :;ACH, :!ACY, :JADE, :lADT, :lA~'H, :JAGA, :lAHV, :1AIH, !lAIQ. ,1AIS, aAJB, :\AJJ. 3ALU. :L.\MW, ;•:ANJ, ::!APB, :JAPR, aAqH, :,AQR, :,ART, !!ARM. 1AS. :lASI. 3ASP, :!ATG. 3AHB, :,AUIJ. :JAVA, !1AVf', HAVY, :IBA, !JBAN, :nrn. 3BDM, :rnEG. :rn~~T. :rnF'Q, ;1BF1J, BBG, :rnGT, :rnmr, :rnHL, !H:!HM, :rnHO. 3BTF, :rnIJ, 3BIT, liBIY. 38J, :rn.TY, :\BLF, :SBLP 3HNJ, !ll!NL, :rnNu. 3BOB, :HlQF, ,rnsJ. SHSS, 3BUL, 8HHR, 3BVA, 3BVC, 3RX, ;)HZ, :rn;,;q, 3CAN, 3CAQ, :lCBM, 3CC, 3CCU, ;',CDG, ~CG, 3CGM., :wM. 5GO, ilCU, :we, :iF'fl, /JFC, ;ws. :!GE, 3GK, 3GP, aHD. a.HG, :\HJ, ;!HK, !\IW, ;;,r.T. 3;rr,, 3KD, 8KL, 3KQ, 3LK, 3MB. 3MK, ::OMO, 3NH, 3OE, 3O'r, 3PZ, HQR, :iQV, tJRF', :mY, HSM, ,iSU, /JSZ, ilTA, :JTB, wrJ, 3UE., llVW, :lXM, :~xo. :JYO, 3ZH, 3ZN, 820, 3ZW, :rnz. 4AT, ,nu. JBQ, 4BX, 4BY, -tDC, ,!EA, -1-ER, ,ffJL, H'T, 4HK, -HZ, 4.TK, UY, 4KL, 4KM, 4L,J, 4LP, 4NT • .JYA, 5DA, 5EK, 5EL, 5FV, f>YK, 6IR, 5JC, (\KC. SMA, 5MT, r,ND, 5PX, GSA, fiTC, otTJ, nXA, f,XB, 5XK, ,,ZA, f>ZAG, uZAK, !JAAP, 9AAS, ,M.AU. f!AAV, 9ADF, 9AEN, 9AIX, 9AIY, !}AJH, OA'E'P':" 9AMH, !lAMI, OAMT, 9 ..... 0T, 9AOU, 9APM, 9APS, 9AQV, ~ARR, l•ARZ, 9ASE, liAUL, 9AWF', 9AWM, 9AYH, IIAZA, i:iBAK, 9BCH, 9BDB, ~ !>BH~. l)BIK, 9BNV, 9BP, PBSG, 9BSZ, :1BTT, !lBVP, :JBZI, 9CBA, 9CD, 9CF, 9CHK. iiCJA, vc.rx, 0C!,N, 9CMK 9CNV, 9CR., !lCTE, 9CUI, !ICV. t•CXT. 9CYM, liCYQ, 9DBV, !!DCB, DDDW, 9DDY, \<OGE, f•L!GV, ?DW. (iDKY, 9DQU, :,DSG, 9DVL. :lDWK, 9DXE,

February, 1928 QST 73

9DY, 9DYN, 9EBI, 9ECE, 9ECR, 9EDB, 9El. 9EP, 9liP, 9HK, 910, 9KM, 9KP, 9KW; 9LQ, 90F, 901, 90:X. UPI, 9PS, 9QB, 9QK, 9RC, 9UC, 9UU, 9UB, 9VK, avz. 9WA, 9XAC, 9XAQ, 9YAJ, 9YM, 9ZAA, 9ZN, 9ZT, AD7. Canadian: 2AM 2BG, 2EI, 2HG, 3BV, :rnx 300, 3DE, SDH, IWC, 3GK, SJH, 3JL, :i:NB, :!PG, 3SX, 3UK, 3XN, 3ZL, 9AJ, l!AL, 9AW, 9BJ, ~BS, 9CD, J']ight's too numerous,

UV Bridgeport, Conn. c.w.: :rn:i, sciJ. 3IW, 3MO, 3RF, llTJ, {SX.M),

azz, 3AEV, 3APR, (SBFU), 3BHL, 3BLF, 3B01''. IIBVC, {8BVL), 4BX, 4BY, 4CO, 4DC, 4DL, 4EA, 4EB, .;EL, 4F'T, 4GL, 4HK, 4HW, 4HZ, 4JK, <&JZ, 4KK, 4KL, 4LJ, ,,LP, 4NT, 4SW, oEG, 6EK, 6ES, liFV, SKC, 5SU, 6XA, GXK, oZB, oZS, 6ZAS, 6XAD, 6ZZ, 7ZV, !l'CP 9EI, 9EJ, llEP, 9F'Q, 9I<'W, 9II, 910, 9KP, 9LQ, 9LZ, 9MC, 90X, 9PI, ~ 9.RC, 9UC, 9UU, 9VK, !!WC, 9XL, 9ZN,

9AAP, 9AAS, 9AAV, 9AIV, 9AIE, 9AIX 9AIY, l!AJB, llAMH, 9AMI, 9AMT, 9ANQ, (9APS), 9APW, 9.ASE, 9AWF, 9AWM, 9AYH, 9AZH, 9AZA, Jl.!l!iln. 9BRK, 9BVP, 9BZI, llCED, 9CHF, (9CTE), 9CUI, 9CZS, 9DCB, 9DFB, 9DGE, 9DKY, 9DNH, 9DQU, 9DSG, !IDWK, !lDYN, 9XAC, IIYAJ, Canadian: lo.AN, (2BG), llBV, 3CO, 3DE, llGK 9~}D. (Oneis two's and eight~s too numerous.) ' SIL, 3JH, asx. 9AL, 9AW, 9BA, !IBJ, (9BS),

Spark: (2ALE), (2AZD), llAAW, IIAHQ.

2KV, Bronxville, N. Y. (All C.W.) OADL), :I.AGO, lAGH, lAJL, 1AJP, l.ALZ,

lA.MS. lANR, lAOJ, lAOK, lAOL, 1ASJ, lAW, lAWB, lAWK, lAWL, lAXB, lAXI, lAYZ, lAZW, (lBAS), lBES, (lBGF), lBGW, lBKP, OBKQ), lBMS, lBOE, (lBQD), {lBRQ), !BSA. rnsz. lBWJ, lBYG, lBZP, lCAC, lCDO, (lCDR), lCFI, (lBQD), (1BRQ), 1BSA, lBSZ, lBWJ, lBYG, lBZP, lCAC, 1000, (lCDR), lCFI, lCIV !CPO, lCIV, lCPO, lDQ, lEE."lGL, 7GV, 111, 1jT, !KC, (ILL, lMA, lQR, 1PM, (lRD), lRN, (!XU), (lXZ) 2:XQ, (2ANM), 3A,AY, SABW, 3A.I<'B, SAGA, SAIR, IIAJJ, 3.ALU, :JANS, :iAPR, HAPT, 3AQR, 3ARM, SAS, ~ATB, 3AVY, 3RDM, 3BEC, 3BFU, :lBIJ, 3BIT, 3l!JY, HBKC, :SBLF, 3RNU, 3BOB, 3801'' 3BSS. :rnz. 8CO, IICF, l!CG, 31-'S, 3HO, 31-;lS 3HL' lllW, 3JH, aJJ, (3LK), :IMK 30T ' 3TZ

0

3QZ, :rnF, 3SM, 3SU, .3TJ, • 3VW ' 3WF0

3XM, :szo, ;:;zz. (4BX). ,!CG ' (4EA)' 4EL, 4FT, ,!GH, iGL, UK, iKL, (4NT) 4YA' GABY, f.DA, GEK, 5FV, 5HK, 6IR, 5KC' 5NK

0

5SM, GSU, !iXA, 6XD, 6XT, 6ZAS, oZA V 6ZB' GEN, GXAD, SZZ, 7LU, 7ZK, 7ZO, 7ZU,' 8~ 8AAF, BAB, BABE, SACH, 8ADG, SADR, SADS BADU, 8AEA, 8AEB, SAGO, SAHR, 8AIG, BAIO: 8AIW, 8AJB, 8AJX, (8AJT), SALF, SALU, SALT, SAMR, .. SAMF, 8ANB, 8APN, (SAPU), :>;AQF, 8AQO, t!ATC, 8AVT, ljAWP, 8AWU, 8AXC, 8AZD, :8BDB, SBDC, 8BEI, 8BFB, (SBFV), 8BGL, 8BJS, :SBJU, (8BKZ), 8BKH, 8BLC, 8BNJ, 8BNY, 8BRC, 8BRM, SBSJ?, ?BUN, 8BUT, 8BWK, 8BZY, 8(,'CS, 8CN1'', 8CE:l, ~CFP, l$CGB, 8CGQ, 8CGX, i'iCGZ, SCJZ, (8CKM), 8CKO, 8CMI, 8COK, (8COO), 8CQL (8CTN)_, scrr. 8CUR, 8CVE, 8CXP, 8CYT. SDAA, 8FM, SGS, l'IHH, (8HN), 8HV, :'llB, XI!, 8I.T, 8KH, SML, 801, 3PJ, 8QK, 8SB, 8SP, SSZ, 8'J'T, SUE, SUF, SUK, 8VQ, 8VY, 8WR, 8XE, 8ZK 8ZW, 8ZY, 8ZZ, 9AAP, 9AAV, 9AAX, 9AFK: 9AIX, 9A,JN. 9AMI, 9AMQ, 9AMT, 9AMU, i 9ANL) 9ANQ, 9APS, 9APW, (9ARN), 9.ASF, 9AZA, 9BAK' (9BBKl, {llBDB), 9BDS, 9BRK, 9BRY, 9BSC: 9BZJ, 9CBA, 9CHE, 9CJM, 9CNV, (9CCM). 9CP. 9CPC, 9J)PY, . !iCUI, !iCR, !lDCB, \IDCR, 9DFB, 9DGE, ;,roro, :•DLR, llDPL, 9DRR, i)J<][, 9EP, 9fI, 9IY, 9KM, l!LC, 9QR,, 9RC, 9UC, 9US, 9UU. 9VZ, !:IYI, 9ZN. Canadian: 2AF, 3DH 3GK. 8JH. SJK, iJL, 9BH. ___ .

2Cl3W & 2CQZ, Eliza.beth, N. J. !AR, lAW, lDQ, lEO, lGV, 1HX, HI, lIL. llV,

1JI, 1JT. lKC, lKX, 1MY, lON, lOR, 10W, 1PM, lQP, lSD, lSN, IUJ, 1VC, lXM, lXU, 1ABY. 1ADL, l ,"-GH, lAJP, lAJU, lAKB, lANR, l.AOJ. lAOK, 1 AJX, 1ARK. lAWB, lAXE, lAXI, lAYQ: lAYZ, lAZL, 1DAS, 1DES, lBET, lBGF. lBGW. lBIE. lBKA, lBKQ, lBQD, lBQE, lBSA, lBVB. lBVR. l BWJ, 1BYN, lBZP, lCBJ, 1CDO, lCDR, lCHJ, ·,en{, lCfT, lOIV. lCJA. IC.TH, l.CMK, 1CPL lPN. lCVE. lCXX, 3A.S, 3RA, &BG. :rnz. .SOC, 3CG. f:CI. :=ifi'C, :fF'f;, 3GE, aHD. 3HG, ~1HW,

3HX. 3IL, 3IW, 3,IG, aJH, aJJ, 8MB, SOE, SOT, HPZ, 3SG, 3SM, 3SU, 3SZ, llTJ, 3VW, SWF, 3XM, 3YO, 3ZH, 8ZO, SZV, 3AAG, 3AAO, 3ABW, 3AOO, 3ADT, 3AFW, 3AJH, 3AJJ, SALE, 3ANJ, 3APR, 3APT, 3AMW, 3AQR, 3ARV, SATB, SAVA, BAWA, 3AWH, 3BFC, 3BFU, llBFQ, 3BHM, SBIF, 8BIU, SBJY, SBLF', 3BNU, 3BOB, 3BOF, 3BRE, SBSB, 3BVC, 3GAL, 3CAN, 3CCU, 3CDG, 3CEL, 4BK. 4BQ, 4BX. 4CG, 400, ,WY, 4EA, ,iEB, 4EL, 4FT, 4GL, ,!HS, 4HW, 4HX, iHZ, 4JK, 4KL, 4KM, 4KO, 4LJ, 4LP, 4MB, 4NT, 40!, 4YA, 5DA, 5D1. l>k:K, oFV, 6JB, GJS, GKB, 6KC, f>NS, 5NV, 6PX, f,QM, 5QS. 5QY, 5SF, 5SM, 5TC, 6TK, 6UK, &UV, fiVO, 5XA, r,XB, 5XK, 5ZA, r,ZB, 6AAG, 5AE<l, f>XAD, !\ZAK, 6ZAS ,5ZAV, 6SC, 6BOE, 6XAD, 6ZAO, 7ZU, 'lZV, 'l'ABB, SAA, SBA, 801. SOP, BEP, SEW, SBO, SHH, SILT, 8HN, 8IJ, 81[8, SLS, 8MZ, SNB, 800, SOE, 801, SON, SOW, SP.J, SQB, 8QF, 8QK, BRR. SRV, 8SB, 88P, BUF, sue. 8UT, SUY, SVQ, SWR, SXE, SXR, SYM, 8ABX. SAOH, SA.EB, BAER. SAGO, SAIC, SAIM, SAIO, SAIW, 8AJE, 8AJT, SA.JX, SALC, SALT SALB. SAME, SAMM, SAMX. SANB, 8AOX, 8AQF, SAQO, SASI, 8ASV, SATO, BATU, SAVA. SAVD, SAVJ, SAVT, SA.WP, SAWR, SAWZ, BAXB, 8AXC, 8AXD, SAXR, 8AXN, SAXU, SAZD, 8AZF, SAZQ, SB.AH. 8BOK, SBDM, SBEF, 8BHO, SHIN, SBJV, SBKE, SBKZ, i!BMM, SBNH. SBNR, 8BNY, SBOA, SBOW, 8BOZ 8BRM, SBTL. IIBVR, IIBVT, 8BW A. BBWB, 8BWK, SBWY, SBWZ, 8BXA, SBXT, SBXX, SBYN, !ICBC, 8CQ!l, 1:!QCR.. ac»i, 8.CEl,. 8J.1G!L-£~!• scao, so.ttu, s01.x; s<lfv, smur. lm'KN. . • scnr. SCMI. SCNA. SCPX. 80QX, sCUE. SOUR. 8CVT, SOWP, SCXF, SCYB, 8CYT, 8CYV, SCZB. SDAA, 8D.AE, SXAE, SBP, \JBS, 9BV, 9CR, \!El, 9EP, 9ET, 9Il, 91G, 9IP, !!KM, llLH, \lLQ, 9LZ, llOF, 90X, 9PF, 9PW, 9QF, llQR, 9QU, 9RC, 9UU, llVK, !lWC, 9XY, 9ZL, 9ZM, 9AAP, 9AAS, 9AFN, 9AHH, 9AIP, 9AIY, 9AJH, 9AKU, 9AM.B, 9AMH. 9AMI, 9AMU, 9ANQ, llAOG, 9AOU, 9AOT, 9APS, 9APW, llAQR,.aAQZ, ~ 9ARZ, \'IASE, ll.ASW, 9AUA, 9AUS, 9AVu;·11AWY;DAWM, 9AWS, 9AYH, 9.AYS, 9AZA, IIBBE, 9BCH, 9BCT, 9BDB, 9BDX.

-~BEP 9BEP, \lBFG, 9BHD, 9BY& llBIK, 9BJR. "g'jfjy-• 9BKJ, IIBKW, 9BOG, ll1'llb,, 9BSG, 9BTA. 1mv1:. 9BVP, 9BVZ, 9BYN, 9BZI, 90BS, 9CBA, 9CBT, llOCN, 9CGK, 9CLN, \lCMJ, 90GN, 9CNS 9CTB, 9CTE, 9CVS, 90XP, 9CZF, gczs: 9CZ¥, 9DBU, , 9DDY, 9DFB, 9DGN, 9DGE, 9DGO, 9DGQ, 9DKQ, 9DKY, 9DLR. jj.ru,t,I,,. 9DPL, 9DQU, 9DTA. 9DWK, 9DWM, 9DYN, 11'.ECE, 9XAC, 9XAQ, 9ZAA. .

Canadian: 2DA, 2EI, 2HG, SAD, 8CO, SDH, SFA, 3GE, 3GK, 8JH, 3JI, SJT, 3NB, 9AL, 9AW, 9BS, 9BV, 9CD, 9LT.

A. L. Groves, Brooke, Va. (Dec. 10th from 8:48 A.M. to 2:50 P.M. on "Souper.")

lCNF, 8CWP, 9CCV, 8HN, 8BWY, 8AZD, 8BVR, lCNF IIBVZ, 8B1"B, 9BUH, 9DX, 9DBV, SBMM, !IAPS: 8AZD, SZZ, SCRB, !lCWU, 8TG, 9DBV, !!CWF, 8CJH, 8CXW, 9APS, 801, 8CRB, 8CMI, 3DE, SRV, SER, 1PM, SCDZ, secs. 8BPO, SBS, 8AUH, 8HJ, 8AlM, 8MZ, SNB, 8BGJ.

3BVA York, Pa. C.W.: 1AP, lAW, lEE, HI, lIL, llT, lGK,

lGL, lGV, !LL, 1MY, (lOL), lOR, tQ.P, lSN, lXM, 1XU, lXZ, 1 YK, lADL, lADP, lAGH. lAHZ, lAJX, lAKG, !ANY, (1AOJ), lAOL, lARY, lASF, lA'rJ, lAWE, lAYQ, (1BAB), lBEP, lBES, lBDl, lBDT, 1BJ,J, 1BKA, 1BKQ, 1Bt.N, lBNT, lBOM, 1BOP, 1BRQ, lBSD, 1Bl\Z, lBWJ, lCBJ, lCDO, lOHJ, lCIK, !CIV, 1CR.P, lCMK, lCNF, 4AR, 4BB, 4HK, 4BW, 4BX, 4BY, 40Y, 4EA, 4EB, ,rn:H, 4EL, 4FT, 4GH, 4GL, 4HK, 4HW. UD, (4JK), 4;rL, 4KO, ,tKL, 4LJ, 4I.P, 4ME, •!NT, 401, ,IXK, (4YA). r,DI, r,EG, &EK, i,ER, r,ES, 5F'V, fiGP. 5IK, 51S, 5JB, 5KC, (5MB), 5MO, 6PV, 5PX, nSM,5JJK, r,AAG:. ,;AAM, 6ABK. 15ABY, oADE, (5XA). r,XK, i,XT. r,XV, 5ZA, 5ZB, 5ZAK, 5ZAS, 5ZAT, (5ZAV), 6CC, GKA, 6ZZ, 6PI, 6ABX, 6XAD, 7ZU, SAA, 8AB, 8AX. 8BK. 8B0, 8Cl, 8CP, SEO, SEX, 8FT, SFU, ·8HJ, SHN, 8KG, SKH, 3NN, 8PD, BQK, SRV, 8SL, (SSBl, SSP, 8TK, 8TT, SUE, 8UK, 8UP, (8UR). 8VQ, 8VY, 8YN, BZD, 8ZW, ~zz. 8ZY, 8ABE, SABX, KADG, ISAEG), i<AGF, (RAGO). SAIO, ilA;fH, 8AJT, 8.ALA, 8ANB, ~APV, 8APW. 8AQF. SAQO, 8ASC, 8ASV, BATU, SA WP, 8A WR, SAXE. 8AXC, SAXN, 8AZF. 8AZG,

74 QST February, 1923

8BBE, SBDB, 8BDE, 8BCH, 8BKE, SBLC, 8BNJ, 8BNY, (8BOG), SBOZ, 8BPL, i8BPNJ, SBRC, SBWK, 8BWZ, 8BXF, 8BXH, 8BYO, 8BZD, 8CAB, 8CAZ. 80B0, 8CEF, :1CEL 8CGJ, 8CIA. scm. 8CJA. (SCJJI, 8C.IZ, 8CKO, !!CKV, 8CLK, 8CMI, ilCMY, 8COJ, SCOO, (BCUU), 8CUZ, (SCVE), 8CXW. i:<CYB. 8CYT, SDAK, SDAT, 8XAE, i9AP), 9BA, (9BP), 9CD, 9CM, \!CR, (9Eli, 9EP, llGK, 9II, !HO, IHY, 9KP, 9LZ, 9MC, 90F, (90X), 9PF, 9PS. 9PQ, 9RC, liUC, (9UUl, !iVK, !!WA, 9XL, ~YM, 9ZL, 9ZN. OZY, i!AAS, 9AAV, ilAEQ, 9AF'K, 9AFN, 9AlP, 9AlX, 9AIY, \IA.TH, (IIAMH), 9AMI, i9ANQ!. 9AOG, 9AON, 9AOU, llAPS, 9APW, t~AQA:,, 9ARR, (liARZl. 9ASE, OASW, 9AWM, 9AWS, SAXU, 9AYH, 9AYU. 9AZA, 9BAK. 9BBF, 9BCF, 9BCT, (llBDS), ~. OBHI, llBHQ, 9BIE, (9BIK),~ ilRMM, 9BPJ. 9BRL, 9BSZ, "lttl'!ffl', 9BTA, 9BVA, 9BXL, 9BZI, 9BZZ, 9CBA, 9CCM, \JCDA, 9CDL, (9CEDi, 9CIN, (llCJA),.Ji~ 90,JM, 9CJX, 9CNS, 9CPY, 9CCIM. 9CTB, 9l,"f'C, i.lCTR, llCTW, :!CUI,~~ 9CXP. 9CYM, 9DBL. 9DCB, PDFB, 9DGE, ODGQ, 9DJO, IIDKH, (9DKY), 1lDLR, 9DPL, 9DSG, 9DXM,-4lD:1tr, 9DWK, 9DWM. 9DYN, 9DZG, 9XAQ, 9ZAA, A 'I, Carutdian: 2HG, 3BV, 3CO. 13DE), 3DH, 3D8. :!EI, :SGE, 3GK, 3JL, a.TH, 3XN, IIAL, 9!'1.J, 9BZ. 90D.

r.c.w., nrn. 1AOK, lCKP, 2FP. 2NZ, 2XQ, 80T, (SA<JRl, 4HW, 8VQ, 8AE!t, 8AWP, 8BLG, (I/BP), (!XM, !!ZN, ilAAP, '9CXP. ·

R1>1!J"k, 1AA, lRV, lRX, 1CNI, 2AD, 2NX, 20M, 2AAF. ZCJX. 8EI, 3GM, (3ACY), 3AHK, 8API, i8BRLi, 4DF, ,,FD, 4GN, f,XA, 8J;'U, 8JL, 8KY, 8RD, ,AFG; H!\IY, l.(AWQ, XijDA, 8BRI,, ~BYO, 8CKV, 8COA, 9CP. 9LF. 9TV. SZN. 9AAW, 9AHQ, ~AMK. ~AOY, t,AVF. 9AVP_. l!BCP, 9BMN, 9CUF, \iCOX, PCZL, 9DA Y, !!'t>HZ, IIDQQ, l!DXE.

3AWH, Langhorne, Pa. S;,ark: l AA. 1.FM, l.ON, I.RV, l .\.DC, 1.AKC,

LAMD, lARY, lCGlf, lBOQ. JONI. 4RI, 4E<1. 4FD, ,,GN. HIS, f,XA, 9CP. !lLF, 9ME, 90L, 9fJR, 9VZ. 9YJ. ilAA W, iJACN, 9AFG. 9AVP, 9AUC. 9AZE, 9AZF, !!BOO, 9DAY, 9DTN, 9DWP. 9DXT, f~n. :nlP. !1:FiT. ~GN.

C.W.: lBM. 1CM. ll<JE, ilEOL lGV. lHK. UL, !IV. UY. lJT. !OK, .tON. i lORl. 1QP. (lRD), 18N. !TIN, lXU. lZE, !AOC, 1AGH, 1AHT, 1AJP, 1AKf'. lANU, L!;OK, lAOL, lASJ. IAT,J, L\UW, (l A WB i. uxr. i !BAS), IBDL 1BES. !BET, (lBFTi, i1HHK1, lBHQ, lHHR, 1BKA, !BKQ, l RMR, 1 RNG. 1 RNL, HlUA, l BOH, lHOE, l HOK, l BQD. l.HRQ .. !BSD, tBUR. lBVB. tBVH, lBW,T, lCA~!", t lCDRL !.('.FL ( lCGQJ., lCLZ. lCMK. lCMP, \CNF,, icrY:,_;ys;~·:, u:vr,. jA~. -;yr. ~Hr,. IHK. ,HQ, -d<X, ,,L(,, ,!.-Y, ,!Ill,. -,ll1_,, ,,E,A. ,,EB. 1EL, JGL. tHS. JHW. 4HX, 4HZ. 4-lY, 4,JM, --tKL. 4LJ, •ILP. 4NA. ,,fNT). f,RF,, f,DL ,.no, ,,KK, f,HA, r,nP. ',HK. f,IK. , .. rB. r..TT,. &KC, fiMA, GND. C.NS. GN1\ :"iNZ. ;,P:X, r.l,n. r:;TJ.~ 5XA. f:iXK. 5XT~ f.XY. r,AAD, !-iZil. r.zn, 57'11, fiZAG. nZAK. :";ZA..S, f;½A.V :-.~~.:\.Z. ,~en. GKA. i:Zz. 7ZO. 7Z1J. 7ZV, 9BAr ilCM. !)CR. 9F~M. l)FP. £fF.:P. ~HI. 910. !;IY. !)A,JB. l)A~!H. ~i.\KH.( ~-'AKTJ), •)..\ML i9AMQl, 9AM'r, ?AMTT. ;:~AfHT, !L\\PM. '.,HV~A. 9ARC. 9ASP, 9ASW. •iA'J.1X •i/i.llA •:iA.VP 1tlAWF) qr\_XM_ nAzA ~~\zH: 9]3;H, ·9B~;\K. H-BA·V. 9BAi. /9R .. CH\, ilBoB: ;iRPs,w.:).Jl~}l,, ~B~Sl uBFM. 9~HL. ~!-H.J. ~RIK, ~R-JT. ,>B'K<J, 9HL1':. 9RRK. ~Bfil~. <9RSG>. ~BSZ. 9BV7.. :,BWF, , HR7.IL !J0A .\, ~:.iC 1tC. 9CAO. 9CBA, H~C"/\1, ~ir"!t~~. HC0V, 1.HXiF, ,~CGKi., (9CHK). ?CfTJ, ?CKW, 90MV, \H~NY. \ICPU. t•CTE. 9CTV, 9CYI"vf. '.)DAH. ~)DAY. !)DCB. !H">CE, '.~)DFB. 9DGN, 'JDGQ. \tUGV. \IDIO, \IDKH. '.lllKY, !lDQE. 9DQ'R. flDQU, 9DRA. 9DSG, BDUG, 9DVL. 9D'llW. 9DXE, ~DXK, f>DXM, 9DZB, (9DYNI, \H~RP, \)EBI, 9EBT, 9EDO, 9XAP, !l''{AJ, Call, 2cq, ~RQ, ,WO, !lGK, aJH, 3JI. rnXN), 3ZL, 9AL, 9AW, 9BA. 9BV. t Ah011t haif the~e :-tationa hf"ttrd while Americs.n z.1.m~tPurc; ~.vQ1·e B.ttpposed to kee-p :qti11).

4KI, 401 L!royd St., Gre,,nville, S. C. 0.W.: !AW. !.DQ, lPR, HI. lAOL, lCJA, 2KL,

~!KP. 2WR, 2XQ, 2APD, 2CKR, ?.XAO, 3BY, 3CA, sen. 3CW, 3TW. 3;rn, 3LK, :1NB, :rnM, ~SU, !JP,J, 3AVY. rnHO. 5AS1. 3RLF. UAR), JBG, 4BK, 4BY, 4F1A, H:B. (4EL), (IF'E), ,ff(~, 4:l<'T, -WX, (4HRl, -lHW, (.UK). JJY, -lKC, 4KK, -lKL, 4KM, 4LJ 4LP, .f'I{ A. r,nA~ f.DI. 5DQ' fiEG, f;GP, OHL,,- f:iJS, 6KC, 50W. 5TJ. 5XK !lZA, uAFO, (5ABY), 6ZAT, 6ZAV, ,,KA. 77U, BAA, ~AG, 3DR, 8F'P, µFQ, 8IV, SJU,

BLT, 8ML, BOC, SOW, BSB, 8UK, 8UZ, BWV,.SXE, SZD, 8ZH, 8ZZ, 8AAf', 8AIH, 8AJX, eANB, (8BCH), rnDE, 8BDU, 8BEO_, 8flGL, SBGR, 8RHO, &BNJ', ~BOG, oBOQ. ~ROZ, xBRL, l\BXH, aflX.i::, -~BYT, 8CDZ, 8CEP, 8CHU, WIA, SCGO, 8CKO, 8CQT, WTN, 8CZX, ~EI. OFP, (!IP, 9KP, 8 . ,,, 9LQ,

~XPM;0~Pt~LliAii>:-' 91't~·. ~t~i. ; 9s1ii: [JBS!, imsQ. BBSZ. [JBVH, !IBVZ, :)BXL, 'IRVT,

~1WY;sw. 9f8zvC: 1.9rfAFHIJ, },'c.FJ· Pu.'Jfif.. ?c'~;rrJ!, ·!o9¥i-~ ., t tlJca .. ), ,. . , , . .J.~-·• ~ 1-;-,, ,! .. ;:s, ~ .a,.J.'(_.

:,DWT, :•OYY, \>YAJ. ~~= Spark: 4tllG ... 5ZA.

.or.A, Atlanta, o.,,. CW.: lDF, lNR, lYK, 2X.A !fone), ZXQ, 3BA,

f.lBM, ~GJ, 3DM, :UW, 8MO, SOT, 11ZZ, ,!AFB, 3AQS, 3B1M, SBLO, UBLU, SllU1''. '.lDMH, lAD, 4.AS, 4BA, 4BK, rnQ. 4BY, 4CA, l'\CK, .;ex, 4CL. ,rnA, 4:i;;B, ,lGL. HV, GLJ, 4YZ, 6AA, GAZ, 5CS, 6DU, 5EK, SES. 5GI, oGN, &HS, 6JZ. 6LJ, 5NN, oNZ, 6PR, 5Q1, oXA, f,XU, /jYA, l>YE, faYS, GZA, f>ZB, 5ZG, 5ZL, oZZ, SAB, 8C,J, 8hlX, 88D, 8X.A, 8YO, ~ZD, 8ZF., ;;ZI, l'\ZP, ~AAY. 8ALT, ANB 8BHO, 8BHU, 81:!XF, 8CIA, 8X.'\K, 9AC, &AR, 9BZ, 9.DX, 9EF, !)EI, 9ER. 9GX, f•KM, UKU, ~1LQ:, 9LZ. 9NR, liPI, 9S!, 9WA, \iXI, !}XJ, ~XY, ~xz. 9YA, 9YB. SYC, 9YJ. ftYK. DYM. 9YQ .. 9YZ, 9ZJ, ~,zw,

...JiACB, :•APS, :iAGR, 9AWP, 9AYW, 9AZA, 9BDB, 11Bil:i'; l•BSG, 9BUH, 9RXG. !!CAL, H!TRA, ~CNX, tlllCX aULB, \IDQI.;>, !lllt!U, \•llUB, UDWK, 9DXM.

SDI, 2209 Atle Ave~ Ft. Worth, Texas, O.W.: lGV. 111, lMV, lXU. ilXZ), lBES, lBRQ.

1BWJ, lCMK. 2BG, 2EL, 2GK, 2K.F.2UD,2ZK,2ANll (2BBB). 2BOF'. 2BSC, 2BZQ, 2BZV. ~CBG. 2CCD, 2CQZ, 3CC, (~CM), ::nw, ;,MR, /8(:Yr), ;HW. 3SW, SYO, ;JXM, ;!ART, 8BHM. (;H:!LF'). '.lBRF, 4AT, iCG, 4CO, ,lDR, 4~'G, 4:f'S, 4HH, H!S, 4.KM, .!NE. •IOI, (1YA), 5EK, (5EL), 5FV, 5HZ. r.GY, 1_6NKi, (5NN). (6NV), l,H.H, (li'l'A). (nAAH), (aABYI, 5ZAS. {5ZAZ), ttBF* t3BH. GEA~ iJCC. GIF, t;LV~ 6PI1 1tX:D, 6XK~ 6ZR, 6ZN~ tiZO, 6ZX, 6ZZ, 6A,.l~ (llANH), BARF, ,;/\VN, (6AWT), (nRRH), M:!EP, (nlUB), (6BKX), (6HMA1. oBOE, GBRG, 6:BUN, ,:cRD, ,::xAD, ,:xAA. (6ZAC), (7BJ'j, 7GD, ":JW, ;·oT, (;SC), ;zu, 7BKJ, 8AB. RCK, HCP, 8FT, (!HQ), HJV, (8QK), eSB, fXE, ~ZN, !~AMR), i8AlH), 8AGO, 8Al0, UlALC), !!ALY, (~AME), ,,ANB. RASZ, kAWl!,, (BAWZI, (~REO), !<HJV, (~RKJ<~).. (sHSAI, ~HTL, ~BUT, OBVR, (8BWA). 8HWL. 8flWY. ''BYO. fBYT, BRXX, (BCAAi, ( 8CCB). :~c F.'O. 8CG,J. 1 bCGX}. ~ .. csz. 2CKV. 2;c·Mrt SCPD, :>CPX, SCUR. 8DAK, (\!FM), ~NQ, ~ox. ~:'f{¾v.~~1,~M~~9Zf~!N1/~AitfNd;.A~ri_41'ik~~~A;.•~,!?Jfr~:

.:L'\.!.l7ii,k ;'Ai'\N, t\lTS, yiAW~O. (9~DO), ;,J;!JU::0¥ :i'J:fll'I',, JflhS, ,,HHS. ,-BIJ, ,•BIK, eBJK, ~BKP, i9BLYl. BBR!. li'RTJ. (liBXTi, (YBYX) 9BZI, ~,CBA. ~•CCS. •,-.1CCV. (YCBHJ. :H'JGD. kCTIG. ~CIY, '.1CIJP • .;u.:,¼Q, :,c'I'~,. rncTG). 9DBB, H>JR, i9DKG). t&H_-~.r:_r,1·,J~k 'i.;:.tl~lJJ/yr-/~I~v~)-i· ,<))ll!;)SM)f c~-f\TA~ .. w .... ~. ,_A,), . AA". ,,LBTl, ,.,ECZ), CnnmH:u1:-1-: :·';Hy, ~Hi'.t\, :i{fK, ~LJH, ;·.;.JT._ :·\oJ{, 14:HV)~

5SF, 1616 Worth St., Ft. Worth, Texas C,W.: !A.JP, lA:ZW, lCMK, lGV, 111, 10N, :lAYV,

2BQD 2BZV, 2CQZ. 2EL. 2UD. 2XAO. 2XQ, '.1AJJ, 8BLF, aBVL .. !fMB, ~~OT. ::tsn. RYO. -'-1RG~ -H10~ 4CY, Hm. u:H. -\E:L, -H[H, 4HW, (4HX), ,iHZ, 41Z~ ·fKC\ <iKL. { -1LJ), tYA, Fives toe, ntnnerotwi, fABX. ,:.AD. (,AK. (!ANH, 6A WT. !lBIC, ,rnoE, nROW, ,rnQG. liBRF', 611YC. i.CHT, 6CC, GFT, 6GJI', 6tF~ fiKA~ ( 6ZAC) ~ Wl~H, ~,zr, ,~zz, (:~~'{AD, 7L\$ry, 7SC, (7ZOL 'iZl:J, 7ZY, .trs and u•e too numero11.1 .. C"nadians: 3f¾K, :\XN, 4RV, 6CN, 9AL. All statio1111 over 1000 miles.

Lo'IB of f.'(fURlly i;~r;ori lif;tc~ r~f1eiv,ed from the 6tlt district.~Ed.

SNN, 2318 Ja.-.kson St., Houston, T.,x:as um. lXM, lXU, lXZ. l.AJP, 2Gl, 2NZ, 2Y.AO,

2ZK. 3ZS, :1BLF, aBZ. !lZH, 3ZO, 4BQ, (400), 4EB, (4EH), (H!L), H'T, H!L, (4ID), 4HW, {4HZ), 4JK, -!JY, ,!KC, 4KK, -U1.E, 4NE, li's too numeroua, (6ABX), tJAWP, (6AWT), (6BH), 6BOE, 6BR11', (6BSQ), 6EN, 6JD, 6KA, (6ZB), i6ZZ), tlXAD,

6RM, 7AFW, (7SC), 7ZO. 7ZU, 8AAI<', i8AER), (8AJX), (8ALC), (SAME). 8ANB, 8A'rU, (8AXC),

February, 1923 QST 75

l!BEF', (~BEN). rnBKE), (8BRY), ~BUM, i~BVR), (SBWZ), (8BYO), {8CP), {8CAB). (8CGJ), (8CGX), (!!CVA), \8CYT), (8IJ), (8LT) SQK (BUR), 8VY, i8YN), (8ZFl. 8ZW, O's too ·'numer: nus. Cun.: (3BV).

5QF, Mobile, Ala. (1 Tube) C:W. :. 1APH, lBCG, lBKA. lHRQ, lCMK, lDDU,

lHTT, sQP, 2AJ, 2AYV, 2CBX, 2CUT, 2DEF, 2EL, 2lt"'P, 2LO, ·JUE. 2~~P. 2XAQ, 2ZL. 3AQR, 3AYV, 3BA, 3BAV, :rnrK, 3BIL, !!BL. 81:1LF, 38OB, aBOY, IBV, :rnvc, 3BVL, 3BO1'', 38N, 3BC, HBK, 3BHN llBOV, 3CM, :wG. 3IV, 31W, aJH, 8JJ, :iNB :i<Yr, IPZ, 3~F. rnR, 3TJ, 3TW, HZH, azz, 4BH, 4!.IK, 4BQ, 4HX, WO, -WY, 4E:H. ,JEB, 4E}A, H,L, ,!GL, 4HW, ,,HZ, HD, 4JK, ,!KM, .\KL, 4LJ, .J.LP, .J.ME, 4NT, HJ!, 4SW, ,lXD. 4XJ, 4YA, fiAA'l', r,ABY. 6ACF, 5AE,, 5AGD, 5AL, fiAG,T, &CQ, 5DW oEIR iEK, 5FV, 6GI, fiGEN, GGR, r.HZ, r.I.R. 5JB &,TD IIJL, 5KC, i,LAV, tiMD, 5MK, f,MM, liMY oMN'

IIML, uNC, 5NK, &NL, &NV, 6NN, 5NS, 50T 6PV' llPX, 5Q[, 5QR, 5QS, 6QY, 5SA, 5SK, 5sz: 6TC

0

liTG, 5TJ, GUJ, r.WE, 5XA, f,XAD, 6XAE, 5XAT, IXB, 5XV. SXK, 5YQ, 5ZA, 5ZAS, 5ZS, 5ZAV, 5ZB llZU, 6ZAG, ,iZAK, 6AWT. 6FX, 6IF, 6KA oXAD' '1BH, 7GH, 7VK, 7VM, 7ZO, 7ZV, 8Anu,' 8ANB. llAXC, 8,\WR, 8AWY 8AZF, 8ASV, 8AIM, 8ALC, 8.AWZ, 8AAF', 8ASH, SALF, 8AXB, 8AIO, SAQF', MCI~. 8AWS, 8APV, 8ATC, 8AK, SABE, SALT, 8AAN, ~HWZ, 8IWG, 8BYT, 8BDO, 8BVQ, 8BOZ, llBTL, 8BBO, 8HGJ, 8BFV, 81:IDE. 8BRM, 8BFH, 3BK, ~BXX, 8BTV, 880, 8BOZ, 8BXH, 8BNY, l!CKV, i;UQR, 8CIA, 8CBC, 8CKO, 8CGX, SCJH, !!CHU,. SCJY, 8CSE, 8DRK, 8DIY, 8DKY. 81Q, l:!IB, SJU, 8LT, !5.ML, 8OK, 8OE, 8QR, 8QK,. 8SB, 8TT, llVY, 8VQ, 8VC, 8WV, tiXJ, 8XAE, 8XE, hYN, !!YU. SYD, BZW, 8ZAE, 8ZZ, 8ZAF, 9AWS, 9AIY, llAF'D, 9AVN, 9AWM, 9AMI, 9AUA, 9ASE, 9APS, 9AL, \!ANQ, HAIX, \~AXU, 9ARZ, $.AO~ 9AAP, ilAIP, 9i\MT, 9AJH, 9ABV, 9BZN, 9BVZ, 9BCH, llBWY,-~.f!F,,!l, \!BZL, 0BZI, 9BIK, 9BST, 9BZ, 9Bl, llBSO, 9HAV, :rnm. \!BHD, llBSZ, 9BXY, 9BEY, llBRK, 9CHK, 9CP, 9CUC, l!QQ}S: 9COX, 9CJ, !'!.mW tCNY, ~CM, :>CFY, 9CTE, 9CO';\iCF'l, 9CUI, 9CXN; 9CXP, ~CDT, t•CY, 9CJA, ./ii.QJJ}, 9CBA, .9DXN., IIDTS, 9OWU, 9DKY, 9DYW,7IDK, 9DGQ ·-~V llDPL, 9DWK, 9DNH, 9DLR, .l!ll.!\.U, 9EI, 9EJ, 9FB'. !!GK. 8t;~. 9HK. 9llY, ~JG, i,K'M';"' ~Kq, 0KP, .:!l..Q. IILZ, \>LU, ULH,. (!OX, 9OF', 9PF, 9PI. 9PS, 9Qlt, IIRC, ijlTC, '.'!JU, ~VK, 9WA, ~•WY, ~we, 9XM 9XA ¥XAC. ~ZAC. tt?.Y. AD7. ' '

!:lZ'Y, Honolulu, Hawaii C.W.: 1ADL, 1BCG. 1BKQ, lBDI, 2GR, :!PW,

J!ZS, 2PO. 2XAP. 38V, 3BLF, 3CM, 3NG, 3BLF, JAAO, ;;YO, 3ZW, 4CK, JEA, ,JlD ,JKK 4UV ILi\K, f.AC.r, ,,SM, r.QI, r,XK. r.xv', r,:irn'. r;uJ: 5G1, ;)~:I!• ~XD. 5TO. 5EK, f.1CN, 5MY, f,PX. f1LF. 6ZA, ,lXAU, 6BRU, 6B,JR, BBPZ, <lGBT, 6BOO. IIBCR, Gl!C, GBRF, 6BVW, 6IF, 5BIQ, llXK, 6EN, 5KU, 6KA, ,JBJQ, 6BQF, 6BPI, 6ZZ. GBQC, 6BJY, SKU, 6ZH, 6RM, 6ARB, !\ANH, 6A;,rR, iLI\WT, 6ZAF,7BJ, 7s\DP, 7AN, 7HD, 7NM, '7S0, 7SF, 7ZU. 7NA, ~AB, 8BK, SIB, 8KB, 8PD, gcy, 8ML, ~OW, 8FQ, 8SB, iiEY, 8SP, 8VY, SFU, llAQ, 8NA, 8FT. %lK, 8UE. STJZ. XXE. 8ZY. SNA, ~YD, SAIW. SAXC, SAQG. :SAEA, 8BPL, SBFM. SBXA, 8BDE, 8BEO. RAlM, 8BRM, 8ASV, !IA'flJ, 8AX.C, 3A WP, 8BKE, 8BDW, SCAA, 8CGX, 8CGP, 8CUR, 8AZD. SDAE, 8XAE, 8CWX. f.1ZAE, ilAT, 9AL, \JAM. 9A W. 9CR, VPS, 9KP, 9GK, 0LZ, IIZN, 9YW. 9OX. \lVK, ~, 9AUL, 91\.RZ, ilAMI. 9AOU, 9ABU, 9APH, 9AVC. 9AFK, 9ANQ. !lBEY, 98,TU, 9BRI, _9BEU. 9B!W, ,,J!RL.Q.. 9BXQ, llBGH, 9BBF. 9BKH.-·mlqw, 9BBS, -ii.BKP, 9.BHl, IIBCH, 9CMK, !!CCV, 9CDE, 9DSD, 9DQM, 9DSM.

=UI1LN, flDQM, YDWK, 9DYG, 9DJB, 9DQU. 9BJI. \llYKJ, 9BXQ.

13ACM, 2130 Emerson St., Palo Alto, Calif. All C.W.: lOLF, 1SD. 2PP, 2XAO, 8AEG, !3AUTJ

lCKR, clSM, 4CG, 4FG, 5AAR. &AEC, 5AMS, oBE: llCN, 5FV, f>GO, 5GV, f>IK, r;rs. 6JT,, r,MB, [,MO, l::NK, 5O,J, !iQI, f.SM, 5TA, 5'I'M, 5UK, &VA 5XD 5ZB. fSix.'s and Sevens too nurnerou~ to' men: 'ti.on) 8AB, BAAF, SAFD, 8AIH, 8AQO, SASV, $ATC, !'A'l'U, 8AZD, SAZF, SAZQ, SBCH, 8BEF, 3BE.K, ''!BK, 8BNJ, SBOH, SBRC, 8BRF, 8BVJ SBXH, 8BZY, 8CDZ, 80F, 80MI, 8CPV, SOUR: !DO, SDR, SER, SHXF, SIB, SIC, 8KG. 8PD. SQK, 3SP, BUE. RUQ. 8UZ, 8VY, 8W A, 8XY, 8YN,

8ZAl!', 8ZO, 8ZW, 9AAP, 9ABU. 9AEQ, 9AEY. 9AFN, 9A.1''W, 9AIF, 9AJH, 9ALP, 9ALR, 9AMU, 9ANF, 9AOU, 9AQL, 9ASF, 9ASN, 9ASV, 9APW, 9ATN, 9AXU, 9AUL, llAYU, 9BCF, SBCU, 91:IIE, 9BIZ, 9BJI, 9BJV, 9BKA, 9BLY, 9BM, 9BP, !ltiRK, 9BSG, 9BSZ, 9BVP, 9BXA, 9BXQ, 9BZI. 9BZZ, 9CCS, 9CCV, 9CDN, 9CMK, 9CFT, 9CFY, 90.TTJ, 9CK.M, 9CP, 9CR, 9CW, 9CTN, 9CUI, 9CPU, 9DCA, 9DCR, 9DGE, 9DGV, 9DHI, 9DIO, !ID.JV, 9DOM. 9DP, 9DQM, 9DQQ, 9DSM, 9OTM, \JDVI, 9DYN. 91''M, 9FV, 9GK, !HG, 9II, 910, 9KP, 9LG, 9LZ, \lNQ, 9NU, 9PS, 9RC, 9UH, 9UU, 9VE, 9Y AK, 9XAC, 9XKP, 9ZD, 9ZN. Canuck--3BV. !lBY, 3CO, ,1AB, 4BV,4CO, 5CN, r.CT.

6ZAC, Wailuku, T. H. (Nov. 17th-Dec. 6th.J C.W.: 1BET, lCMK, lXU. 2AWL, 3BLF, .J.BV,

r,ABY, i6DI), fiF'X, 5CN, 5IK, r,IR, 5KP, 5NN, fiPX, 5QY, (5SFl, I\SM, i5TC), 5T.T, 6WSY, ,,XV, 5XAD, f.7.A, (SAK), (6AJR). (6ARB), \6AJF). (6ASJJ, (6AVD), (6AVR), (SAWT), (6BSA. phone also), 6BBH, (6BJP), (6BGH), 6BQG, (6BQL), 6BVQ, (6BCR), (6CC), (GEA), 6EB, 6GF, (6GRl, 6GX, 6CU, (6KAJ. 6JD. 6PI, (6TC), (6'1'1), (6'TQ), 6XB phone, 6XA.F', t6ZEJ, i6ZI), (6ZN). 6ZAJ!', 6ZG, GZZ, 7ABB, 7ADP, 7BB, 7BJ, 7BK, (7MFl, 7RI, ViSCJ, 7SY. SAA, 8AB, 8ACX, 8AlP, 8ASV, 8AXN, 8AXC, 8BK, 8RDV, 8CP, SCUR, 8CGX, SIB, 8,fU, BVQ, 8ZAC, 8ZAG, 8CMI 9AAP, 9AAV, !IAPS, 9APW, 9AOU, 9AOG, (9AWMl. 9AUL, 9BBF, (9BJI), .a:irmn .. 9BJV. 9BP, 9BGH, 9BVY. 9COM, 9CXP, 8CUc;-Jl,G,GK- 9DTJ. 9OU, 9QU, 9UU. 9XP, 9YAJ. 9YW, gzm,l'. ----

6AMZ, San Mateo, Calif. (One Tube). C.W.: lGV, lXM, 2EL, 2FP, we. 4BQ, OlB.

4RG, JYA, 5RY. 5EK, riGO, 5HZ, i\lK, r,PX, GUJ. (iVO, oAGF, 1,XD, GZA, 5ZB, r;ZAS. l'iZAV, 6AK, 6BF, 6BH, (6CC), 6CU, 1n:A, 6EB, 6EF', (6EK), (.llB'H). I.WT, 6(lD. (6GX), 6IF, 6IV, ,;,TD, 6KA, 6KU, 6!.,U, 60H, 6OM, 6NY, (6PI), 6RR, 6TC, (6SU), 6UJ; (6ABX). llACB, 6AGP, !6AHP), llAJll., f.ALU, !lAOI, (6ARC), (6ARF), SARK IJATQ, (6AVN), 6AVR, 6BBH, 1JBBU, 6BCD, GHC,T, 6BDH? 61:IEQ, 6BET, 6HFR, (6BGC), 6BIC, (6BIQ), 6BJ,J, 6BJQ, 6BJT. 6BKD, 6BKO, 6BMD, 6BMN, 6BOB, SBOD, 6BOE, 6BOW, 6BPZ, 6BQB, •lBQC, (6BQE), 6BQO, 6HQY. 6BNR. 6BRF, 6BSG, llBSJ. 6BUM, (:BVG, l}XK, 6ZN, 6ZO, 6ZR, 6ZX, GZZ. (7BJ), 7BK, 7CD, 7DC. 7fJP, (7EQ), 7EY, i'iHJ), !7JW), 7H.M, 7LY, (7MF). 7NC, 7NF, 7NW, 17NN), 7NY, (7PB). 7PF. 70'1', 7Q'l', 7QN, 7RI, {7,SC), (7SF), 7,SJ, 7'rH, (7TO). 7TQ, (7lJD), 7VX, 7WM, 7WX, 'iABB, 'iACA, 7ACG, ·;'ADO, 7ADP, 7ADM, 7AEM, (7AFS), 7AFW, 7 AIC. 7XL. 7ZU, 7ZV, 7ZY, 8AB, 8CF, 8IB, 8ML, 8PD, 8SB, 8SG, 8TJE. 8VY, 8ABS, 8AEA, 8AIB, ,,AME, 8AMM, BA!:ZO, 8AZD, 8BCY, SBEF, 8BLC, 8RXH, SBXX. SBYT, SOUR. SCZR, 8XE, SXAK, ~YN, SYD, 8YU, SZY. 8ZZ, 9BM. 9BP. 9CP, 9EI. 9GK. 9PW, 9RC, \)UC, 9£.ffi, 9UU, 9VK. (U\.A!I. t!AAV, 9AEQ, lJAIY, 9AIX. !!A.JP, 9AJW, 'i!Al\ftf, \IANQ, 9ARR, 9ARZ, 9.A.VZ, 9A WM, 9AUL, 9AXU, \tBDS, 9B,TI, 9BSG, !lRSZ, 9BZI, 9BX(;!, 9CAN, !!CCV, :WDE, PGFO, 9CNS. 9CTTC, 9DFB, 9DKQ, '.>DKY, 9DTD, 9DT.M, l!DYN, 9XAC, 9XAQ. 9YW, rY,AJ?,9ZN:_9ZAF, (BT3), AD7, Can: 3BV, 4BV, ,,LN, r,c,T, ~,GO.

Spark: ,rns, UlKC), (6KE). (6OD). (6OL), GQK, 6QR. 1;QY, GWM, /6AHWJ, (6ACR), i6AHU) /6AIN), (6AGK), (6ALD), rnAMW), (6O.AW), i:ARK, ~ATF, 6AVR. i6AWX). 6RAE, ABAJ, 1\HFH, llB,TU, 6BVD, 7BG, (7GE), 7FQ, (7KJ), 7LY, (7NE), (7OH), 7OJ, 7PJ, 7RU, 7RY, 7VE, 7VF, (7WG), 7AEA), 7ZK, 7ZL. (7ZU), ilBDA, (i\ Watt Strait C.W. hr. uw.)

7HM, Great Falls, Mont C.W.: 2XAT, 2XI, 3YO, ,IDQ, ,LYYA. 5KT, IIDI,

5ZAV. 5CT, 5'l'J, 5ZM, 5ZH, oXAJ, 5XD, (6AWT), f6AK), i 61G), 6ZX. 6ZT, 6BSA, 6XAD, 6LV, 6V.M, ( 6ARF), ( 6TCl, 6OK, 6lJUV, 7's too numerous to give all. (7UD), (7BK), (70F.), (7BJ), (7AIC), 7.ASF, (7NY), 7.AF, (7TO), 7SC, 7LU, (7MF), /7GE), 7NE, 7XC, (7AGF), (7EQ), (7ABB), 7ZU, (7OT), 7LY, (7oo·,. (7TQ), (7QT), 7ADO, 7.ABN, (7HJ), 7KE, 17AFN), (7OM), 7NA, (7ZV), 1:7DP), (7PF), (7TH), (70T), (7AEM), (7DU), 8AZD, 8BDE, 8ZW, 9AXU, (9DTE), (9XAQ), (9ZAF), llQF, 9CTN, (9BXT), (9BJI), (9CFY),

76 QST F'ebruary, 1923

11AM. IIBZI, 9BTT, 90NS. IIPN, II.A.FD, IIGK, (9YAH), !iZAC, 9BFG, 9C'.EN, 9DKY. _9Bl!ID. IIAUD 9BEY, 9ASF, 9YAK, 9AQE. 9DS!l!"""§'ZN, 9BBF, !HJXP, {9ABB), (llBVL), 9{.,"TR, 9CXV, 9B:X:C, llAUL, llBIK, 9DPL, 9CJJ, (9ARZ), i9AWM), (9AYU), IIDRV, 9UN, 9ZK, 9DVN, 9LZ, IIYU, 9YW, 9ANQ, 9AHH, 9EBT, 9ZT, 9DFI, IIDQM, 9CAA, (9ABU), 9AUL, {9CFY).

Spark: (6BIP), (6TU), /7KJ), 7LY, 7AFO 9.JM, !<AMX, 9BOF, 9DKQ, llAOG, Canadians: (4DQ), (4BV), i4CN), (4AB), (6GO).

7PN, Seattle, Wash. (1 tube) All C.W.: lBKA, lBKQ, 1ZE, 2GK, 2NZ, 2AFP,

IFS. 300, 8SM, 3ZZ, rnQ 4BY, 4GL, 4KC, liDO, 5ET, IHT, &IR,. oKC, 6NK. 5XK, oZAW, Sixes and S<!vens too numerons, 8AB, 8VY, 8ZY, 8ZZ, 9BH, IIDR, !!GK, 9II, 9PI, 9PN, 9UU, 9XM, 9YW, 9ZN, liAMB, 9AMI, 9APS, 9ASP, 9AUL, 9AVY, 9AVZ, 9AWM, !IAYA llBBF, 9BBU, 9BIK, !JBJI, 9BUN, 9BZI, IIDFB, 9DQM, 9DRV, 9DSM, 9DUG. 9DZQ, 9YAJ, llZAF, Canadians: 300, 4BV, 4.DQ, 6CN, GCT, 9AC.

'llY, Vaahon, Wash. C.W.: 1BRQ, 2A1''P, 2AWL, 2CKR, 2CPD, 2F'P,

l!ZE, SBZ, 3JJ, llSG, 4APR, 4BQ, 4EN, -tKK, 4YA, I.ACF, 6AEC. 6AA_M, 1:iDI, GFY, 5EK, 6MO, 6NX, liNV, llNK, 5PO, I\KC, offi, 618, 5PX. oRH, 6SM, IISF, 5TC, 5TJ, 6TY, 6UO, 6UN, 6XAD, 6YG, GZH, f>n.'\, r,zs. .8.AXC, 8ANB, 8AZQ, BAB, SALT, BASV, SAGO, llAQO, 8APW, 8AQR, 8ACF, BAX, BABB, 8A WM, 8AA'1!', !!AIF', 8AXB, 8ABR, SA'!'U. SALN BAI'!', :rnno. 8BJU, 8BFM. 8BRM, 8BXH, SBFX. 8BEF, 8BRK, SBRC, 8BJV, SBVR, SBSV, SBXX, 8CMI, SCGV, BCUR, SCUD, 8CKO, SOY, SDAK, 8KG, 8JU, 80W, 8QQ, i.!IB, 8QK, !!SB, 8SP, SUE, 8WR, 8XE. 8YU, !!ZE, 8ZAG, llAOG, 0AMA, 9AHH, 9AMI, !IAUZ, IIAAP, 0ANQ, !IAWM, IIAYU, 9ANF, l!AVZ, 9AMB, llAJP, 9ASF, 9ANI, 9ASF, 9ARZ, 9AOU, llAQA, 1/APW, llABV, 9.AMM, 9AIN, 9APS, 9ARR, !IAVP, 9AIB, 9AFK, 9AAW, 9AEQ, !!AON, 9AUA, 9BQW, 9BLT 9BIK, 9BXC, l!BDV, ilBCF, 9BDR, 9BGH, 9BTT 9BJV JlBl\Ul., !!BM, 9BKW, 9BSZ, 9BJI, 9BRI,' 9BDB,' ·-ifi{KA, 9BKP, 9BJ, IIBDS, IIBVY, 9BBF, 9BRK, 9BEY, 9BCR, !!BDS, 9BXJ, 9BAK, !JCXA, 9CCV, 9CMK, IIOKM, 9CJ:A, 9CDE, !!CR, 9CPB, Jt11V...O .•. 9CTN, 9CGA, llCFY, 9CCS !IONS, 9CCM, !fCHw, 9CXP, !!CTR, 9DVL. 9DWM, iiDQM, !lDGE, 9DYG 9DJB i!DBL, !!DSM, 9DCR, 9DFB, 9DQG ilirnv' 9DHi' 9DWK. 9DXW, ilDKY, 9DDY, IIDAH, IIDCT: omrn: 9DQU, 9DGW, lll!)BT, 9EBI, IIEI, 9FM, 9EP, 9GK, 9HT,_ 9II, !iHM, 9.MF, 9LZ, 9PN, J!.f,,'W:., 9UH, IIIDJ, 9X~Q. IHJS, 9XAC, 9YNI. 9YM, 9ZN; 9ZT.

!;park: !iYG, !lTJ, 8CY, SEW, SBDA, 9ATV, 9AMX, 9AAW, 9AVP, liAIN, 9AF'W, 9ASN, 9AMK, 1rnoz, !lBTX, 9CGA, 90P, IJCXC, 9DMJ.. 9nzy liDAG, !IDGW, 9DXV, 9HT. ;;;.;;;,;;;;,,;"" ~~-

1'wo day!!-Dayllte--3:80 P.M. to -t:30 P. M, P,S.T. C.W.: \lAWM, l!ASF, 9AUL, 9ARR, 9ASU, llBRI, 9BZI, 9BXQ, 9BSZ, 9BRK l!BFL 9AJP 9CFI, 9DHI, 9DGE, 9DKY, 9:0FB' 9DGX' llDJB' 9EI, SAGO, BASF, 8AI'!', SAA~',' 8BRC.' BOLK: 8BDU, f.,FV, fiZAH, 6NK, 6UK S'park · ',AU 9AVP, 9LF. ____ • • " '

_ _ 7MF, Eugene, Oregon. C.W.: 1BGF, lBWZ, 1CQM, lAZK lCIK 1BKQ

1CMK, lACU, IANQ, lHX, 2I<'H, 2ZO, 2Z4 2AF'P: llAAW, 2f'P, SOM, llAVY, :IBNU, 8ALN llZO 4EB 4EH, mo. 4GL. 4KF, 4MN, HIX, a!MW '5EK 5~ l>TJ, liTM, 6TY, fiPO, 5PX, 6NK, 5ZA.' 5QR,' !i,fM, f>XAD, 5ACF, 5ZAP, 6VM, liXB, 5ZAT, r,QI, oDI, 1mo. 6ZAC, (6AK), (6BF), (6FH), i6GR), (6GX), GU(, 6IK, f6KU!, {6LO), (6NX), GOH, (6RD), GZA. (6ZF), 6ZO, 6ZS, !!IZX), 6ZZ, 16AATl, IIABQ, 6AAK-fone, GAQW, (6.ARB), (BA.s,Jl; 6AWT, {6BCJ), GBQF, (6BQL), (6BUM), llZH ex-6AJH, !JAOR, tlBJR, 6BKX, 6BQP, 6PI, 6BUN, 6BNW, 6BIN, i,6BQC), GBMU, 6BQR, 6BEQ, {6ABX), 6ALU, 6BJJ, (6APW), 6BSH, 611.HP, 6BJQ, (6BQZ), 6BSO, l6B:MYl. 6ALX, 6ALV, 6AUE, 7AD, 7BH, ;7BJ), (7BKi; 7BS, 70E, 7CC, (7DP), 7DU, (7EQ), 7EX, 7GH. 7GJ. 'TGK, (7HMl, 7HR. 7HS, 7HW, 7JD, 7KX, 7LO, 7LN, (7LU), 7LY, i!_1:!}'fi, 70E, (70f)J, 170Ti_, 7QE, (7QW), (7QT), uw,, \7SC), 7PN. 17'I'H), 17'1'M), 1.7TQl, (7UD), 7UF, (7UU), (7WM), 7YJ-fone, 7ZS, 7ZK, (7AEMl, (7ADF), 7ABY, 7AEL, 7AGV, 7AER,

(7AHZ), 7AFW, 1ACA, 3BK, SBX, 880, SJI, 80W, 8KG, SQK, 8XE, 8ZY, 8ZZ, SYD, SAHR. 8AQO, !'!BRO, 8ASV, SALT, SACN, SA WX, 8AXB, SBFM, HBXX. SBHO, SIB, 8BDU, 8BDB, SBDO, SBHT, 8BNO, 8BQC, SBQF, SBRC, 8BWC, SBXF, 8BXI, 8BZY, 8CAY, SCEF, 8CKM, 8CKO, 8CYT, 80UR, 8CVE, 8XA, 8XY, 8AMM, SAMQ, 8ANB, 8ANX, SAPT, 8BGG, SCCX, 8CYV, SZAG, SZAE, SCI, SZR, 8ZX, SBXA, 8DAK, SDWK, 8RT, 9PI, 9AXA, 9II, 9AWM, 9AIY, 9BDS, 9BJI, 9DGE, 9AIX, iDAMl), 9YW, !IA.PS, 9YAS, llANQ, IIGK, j!Jl.r&. 9BXT, 9BEY, llAMB, _9BZI, llBUN, 9DCA, lR'.l]r,'l!CNS, 9DYW, .Jl.l!.ED., 9AVZ. llDKY, llBIC, 9BUW, 9DSM, 9BXQ,--m>N;- 9YB, 9FM, llZY, 9ASO, 9DFB, llASF, ilCBA, 9CBB, 9CCS, 9CCV, 9CDJ, 90FI, 11.CGIL 9DCG, 9DUD, 9D-VW, 9DR, llZAC, 9CJJ, 9DEK, 9AAP, 9AJA, 9AYY, 9YAZ-fone. \C.W.) Canadian, ico, SKO, 40B, ,tBV, •lDQ, !6CT). 9BD, 9AW, (l!AC).

Spark: lARY, 5YG, 5IW, 5ZAV, 5EL, t,EW, 5PO, r,RA, i.xF, 5XD, r.xu. ,,YM, f,7,R, 6ZAK. 6GR, (60D), 6ACR, 6AQA, i6QRl, (6ARK), (6EX), GALA, 6ARS, 6TU, 6VX, 6ZQ, 6XH, (SOL!, \6KC), 6AHF, 6DD, GAAK, 7CK '7DH, ('/IM!, (7VE), (7QH), (7A!O), 7ZK, (7ABS), 7KE, (7HD), {7BK), (7AW), (7AFFl, 70W, (70Hl. (7AHZ), (7AJQ), 8AVJ, 8UC, 9ASO, liDAG, 9M, (Mt'7), am using 5 watts. All eallti above on 1-step).

sCMY. Elyria, Ohio C.W'...!._lAR, lCK, lCJ, lEO, lFX, iGG, 1GV, llI,

lIV, 10.R;-,lPM, IPR, .HIP, !SN, 1UN, lXP, lXU, lYD_,_ 1YK, )ADL, 1ADP, lANR, lAJP, lAJU, IARY, l.AUN,",lAYZ, lBDO, lBDT, lHES, lBFE, lBHQ, lBNT, 1BOM, lBRQ, 1BWJ, lCJA, lCJH, lCKP, lCMK, lCMP, 1XAG, 2CD, 2CE, 2EL, 2FP, 2GI. 2KE* 2KP, ~LO, ~NZ, f!TB~ 2TS~ 2\V~ 2ZL, 2AGB, 2AGC, 2AJW, ZAHJ, 2AOS, 2AWF, 2AWS, 3BZ, 2CA, 3CM, :IJ1G, llDC, SER, 3FS, 3HG, 3HX, SOE, 30T, 3PZ, 3PQ, 3<rv. 38K, 3/:lM. 3TB, 3VW, 3'.X:W, SY(), 3ZO, 3ZZ, 3ABJ, 3ADE, 3ADT, ~AJ'J, llAJO, SANJ, 3HBB, 3BHL, :JBHM, 3BHO, llBIJ, 3BLF, 3BLU, 3BLZ, :IBNU, 3BOF, 3BUC, 3BVA, 3BVC, :rnvL, .rnB, ,rnv, rnx. ,ICG, 4CH, ,WM, •IEA, -JF;B, 4EH, •iEL, 4FE, •IFG, ,IGL, 4HW, 4HZ, 4,JK, -lKC, ,lKF, Hn, -~KL, 4KM, 4NT, 4NV. 4XD, 4YA, 6AB, r.DA, 601, 6D0. oEK. GER, 6FV, 6HL, r,.rw. 6KC, 6LB. 5MB, 6NN, 5PX, 6QA, 6SM, 5TJ, oUK, 6Xlc. 6XB, 5XI, r.XK, r;xL, GZA, 6ZB, tZI, vZS. 5AAG, 5AAM, f>ADE, 6.AEC, 5AER. l'iAAZ, 5ANO, 5ZAG, 6ZAS, 6KA, ilABX, 6ZF, 6ZU, ;;zz. 7CD, 7ZU, too mHnY W~. 9EI. ~EP~ t~'.F1K~ 010 9 9IY~ 9,TL, \1MC. 90F, 90X. 9PF, 9PI, ~PO, 9TS, 9UH, 8UU, \!YZ, HXJ, llYM, \lZ,J. liZN, (1AAU, (JAAV, liAPK, !IAF'N, llAJH, !:>AKD, 9ALR, !JAMI, 9AMM, HANQ, UAON, 9ARK, OARR, 9ARZ, llASE, OAUA, 9AUL, !!AXA, 9AYU, (lBCF, 9BED, OBEY, 8BFM, 9BHD, OBIE. 9BIK, 9BIL, SBJC, 9BJN, iiBKF, iiBLC, !!BOO, 9BRK, !iBTA, 1lBUH, 9BYT, !ICCS, !:•CGR, 8CGY. 9CHF, 9CJA, l'CKM, 9CLN, 9CMJ, !!CNV, 9CNY, 9CPY, :,CTR, t1CYW, 9CZF, \/OAG, 9DCR, 9DGE, 9DKY, !!DNH, 9DNL, 9DPL, 9DSD, 9DSM, 9DVL. 9DVW, llDXN, 9DWN, 9DWQ, 9DYN, 9DYU, ~DDZWH ',,(~NXA9:KO?ZA,J,~N GinAaLdia!;B" :

8 .. , 3AD, 8BP, SHV,

0.:1 , ... ::r t o.!- t ~,-11.. ;, •. t .1 •

8AUU, Canton. Ohio Spark: WNA, !CNI. 1GP, 2ABB, 2AHK, 2AJE,

2AQZ. ZBMO, 2HM. 2GJX, 2FP, 2WB, 3AHK, 3BEA, 3LR, 3QS, 4FB, JGN, r;xA, 8AAW, 8ACF, ~Ar'G, 8AF'V, BAIT, BAJ'T, 8AQO, 8.AWP, 8RAD, BBEP, BBPG, 8BXC, !JBD, 8CDV, 8CEH. BCIA. 8CMI, 8CYT, 8CP, 8DY, 8EB, SEW, 8EX, 8MZ. 8UC, 8VD, RZX, !lAAW, 9ACC, 9Al:"R, 9ANQ, 9AMK. 9AMQ, (1AQH, !lAWM, 9AWP, ilBCJ, 9BWA, 9CZL, 9DCJ, 1!DHG, im,JQ. 9DWM, 9DZY, 9EP, 9EV, 9JX, 9PD, 9UH, 9ZA. 9ZN.

C.W.: lADL, 1AKG, L"I.OK, !AOL, lAZW, 1AJP, 1AWN, lAF'S, iAMS. lADN, LUU, lAWB, lAXD, lAGI, 1ASR, 1AM, JAN, lBGF, 1BBP, lBKQ, lBCF, lBFE. iBES, 1BSY. lBSD, lBRQ, IBG,T, rnsz, 1BYG, 1BHL, lBZ, lGMK, l0DO, lCJH, l.CWH, 1CDR, ICNI, WAK, lCMP, 1CAS, lCGO, lCQW, lEE. 1FB, lGL, 1GP, lGV, lLL, HL, 1.1'1', 1JX, lKC, lLL, 1MY, 10N. iOR, 1QP, 1RD, 1RH, lUH, 1UN, lXJ, lX.P, 1XU, 1YK, 2ADT, 2AZY, 2AWF, 2AFP, 2AER, 2API, :!AMF, 2AQH, :lAGD, 2ANM, 2ARN. 2AYV, 2APR. 2AWL, 2AQT. 2AOH. 2AWH, liA,TF, ?AFP, ;;ACR, ~BNC, :!BX. ?..BYS, \~BVL, :::BOT. :!RBB, :/.HEM. 2BMR. :mTT'F: :rnDM, \1BFU. :rn::m. 'WBS, 2BMK, ZRT_TA, ~HV'F:. ~BBL. !:CBC,

February, 1923 QST 77

2CBG, ::!CGV, 2CZQ, 2CCD. 2CKN, iCGN, 2CCU, 2CNK, 21.JMV, 2CJN, 2FP, 2GK, 2HG, 2JW, 2KD, 2KO. 2LT, :!NZ, 20M, 2RM, :mu, 2SM. 2SQ, 2UD, 2VA, 2VH, 2XQ. 2ZL, liZK, 3AF'D, SAQR, :JADT, llAJJ, ilANK, SALU, 3ACG, 3ALT, 3ATG, 3ABL, 8AWW, 3AWY, 3ASV, 3APT, 3ANJ, 3APB, eJATC, 3AWH, 3API, 3APR, BAAY, 3AS, 3BMN, 3BIJ, SBEH, 3llHL, 3BZV, :rnJC, :lBHM, :lBAK, 3BUC, 3BF'P, 3HQV, :mon. llflLF', 3BVL, 8BNC. 3B(H', llllBS, WKC, 8BOU, l!BNU, llBWU, 3BJV, :!BAJ, 3BN, 3BJ. 3!.lG, :mx, aCAN, 3CBM, :ice, 3CM, SCF, SCG, l!DE, :!DH, 3~'H, :nts, 8F"l', llGK, 3HB, 3HR, 3HW, :lHS, 8IL, 3IW, 8,TJ, l!LP, 8MO, iiNB, 8ND, SOD, aPZ, 3QV, 8RV, i!TA, ll'l'J, l!VW, HVX, SXN. axw. 3YO, 3ZO, 3ZV, 3ZZ, 4BB, 4BF, rnQ, 4BX, 4BZ, 4CY, 4DS, ,iEA, 4EB, 4EL, 4FB, 4~'G, 4FT, 4GH, 4GK, 4GL, ,HD, 4IY, 41Z, JJ, UK, 4KC, 4Kl", ,tKL. 4KT, -IL,J, 4NT, 40I. 4UE, 4YA, (ZF, 4KV, 5AGJ, 5ABY, 6AS, 5DA, 5Dl, 5HK, 6EK, liGA, 5GQ 5HD, 6HK, r,HW, 61K, r,IX, GIZ, 5JT, o.TW, 5KI, bKC, 6KN, 5KL, oLA, oMA, oME, 5MO, 6NK, f>NS, 6NT, f>NZ, t,QI, f>SF. 5JM, r,sz. f,UK, 6UJ, tXA. r,xK, 6XT, 5ZAG, 5ZAK, f.ZAR, 5ZAS, 6ZA V, GZAZ, 6ZA 6ZB, 6ZL, f>ZT. 6ND, llXAD, 6ZZ, 7EX, 7PL, 7FM, 7GA. 7HB, 7NO, 7PN. 7ZU, 7ZV. Canadians: 8BJ, :!XN, 9AL.

8CZI at Ithaca, N. Y. Spark: 5AQ, 5QS, 9BOF, 9CTW, 9HT, C.W.: 4GD, 4JZ, 401, 5AAT, GABY, oAEC, 6AE,

,r,cr, 5DI, .mQ, 6IR, 5JB, r,,rL, 6KC, oLO, oMT, 6NK, oNN, oNS, 6NV, r,PO, 5PX, 6QS, 5RR, r.SJo', liSM, 6TC, oTP, 5UJ, 5VO, liWE, 5XAD, 6:X.D, 6XV, oZAE, 6ZAK, oZA v. 5ZAZ, 6A VD, 6A VR, 6AJH, 6ABX:.,,,6B0!-1, 6B,!J~ sec. 6GF, 6RM: 6XAD. 6ZZ, 7S0, ; .. O. ,ZU. ,Zv, 9ABV, 9AFD, 9AMB, 9ANP, 9ANQ, 9AOG, 9AOR, 9AQR, !lASF, 9A'l'N, 9AVM, 9AVN, 9AYL, IJAYS, 9AWM, 9BBF, 9BEY (fonel, fiBF(l, !lBKK, ilBVY, 9BXI, 9CCV, 9CEH, 9CIY, 9CKM, 9CNS. 9COI, 9CPB, 9CXN, !IDKQ, 9DQE, 9DTA, 9DTM, 9DUG, 9DVP, 9EAK, 9FM, 9GK, 9PI, 9PS, 9XAQ, 9YW, 9ZAF, 9ZU, AD-7. Can. . rnv.

SCWC, Oxford, Ohio C.W.: lADL, lAGH, 1AJX, lARY, lBAS, lBES,

1RET, lBHR, lBKG, 1BSD, lBWJ, 1BYN, lCJH, tCMK, 1CMP, lCPF, 1CZ, lGP, 1GV, 111, 1IL, lKC, lLL, 10N, lOR, 1PM, lPN. lRD, 1RU, lXU, 1:XX, 1ZE, 2ADE, ::?APA, 2AGE, 2AKO, :!ALY, 2AM, 2AN.M, 2A(>S, 2AQE, 2AVU, 2AWF, 2AYV, 2BAY, 2BBB, 2BIR, 2BKT, 2BMS, 2BQU, 2BRB, 2BRX, 11HSC, 2BP, 2BXP, 2CEI, 2CFE, 2CKN, 2UMV !!:CNZ, 2CQZ, 2FD, 2FS, 2GI, 2GX, 2LO, 20M, 2RY, 2SU, 2TS. :HJW. 2WR, 2XAP, 2XN, SABW, 3AD, MFB, 3AKR, :JAMU, 3ANJ, 3AQR. 3ARO, JAVA, l!AS, 8HA, :lBEF. 3BFG, 3BIJ, 3BJY, 3BKL, 3BLF, llBLZ, f:flMN, 3BNU, aBOB, :rnoF. :mss. 3BVC, !ICA. :1ccu. ~CDY. IIF'B. SGK. 3HG, 3HX. 3IH, UC, :JJT, 3,JJ, 3MB, 3MO. llNB, 30!. 3PU, 3RF, asu. 3'rA. 8TI. nm, SXM, 3YO, 3ZH, :lZO, 3ZZ, RAZ, rnQ, rnx, 4CG, 4CO. 4CY, 4EA, 4EB. 4EH, 4F,J, 4EL. mz, 4HS, 4HW. ,tHZ, 4.TK, 4KC, -fKK, 4KL, 4KM. 4LP, 4YA, r.AAM, 5AAF, 5ABY, 4AGI, 6DI, GEK. &ES. GFV, tIR, 5IX, !iJB, !i,JL, (6KN), 6MB, 5ME, 5ND, 5NV, 6PV, 5QM. 5QY, 6SL, 5WE liXA, f,XAD, 5XK, r.xv, 5ZA, 6ZAK, i6ZAV), 5ZB, 6BH, ;;cc i1HZ(?). !,KA, 6XAD, czz. 'iAW(?). 7Zt1. ieight,s and nines too numerous). Can~ (8JI).

9AHC, Ellendale, N. Dak. (One Tube, All Over 1000 Miles)

C.W.: lADL, lADP, 1AJP, iARY, lAZW, 1BAS, lBCG, lBEP, !BER, !BET, lBKA, lBKQ. lCJH, 10:MK, 1CNF. lDQ, 1GV, lII, 1QP, !XM, lXU. lXZ, IZE. 2AFP, 2AHO, 2AWF, 2AWL. 2AYV, 2HEA, ~BGM, 2BJO, 2BKT. 2BMR, 2BMS, 2BNZ, 2BQD, 2BQH, 2HRB. 2BRX, 2CBW, 1CBX, 2CCD, 2CFB. 2CIN, 2CJN, 2CKL, 2CKR. 2CPD, 2CQZ, 2EL, :WP, 2FW, 2GI, ~GK. 2GR, 2HW, 2JW, 2KF, 2LO, 2NZ, 20M, 2lffi, 2XAJ, 2XAQ, 2ZK, 2ZS, SAAY, 3ABW. BADT, MFB, 9A,TD, SA.JJ. 3AJP, $ANJ, :!APR. :!AQ.R, 3ASP, 3ATG, HAUU, 8HEC, l!BFF, 8BFU, :rnn, :rnGT. :rnHM, 3BIJ, ,rnIT, IIBLF, UBLU, 3BLZ, 2BNl:.T, 3BOB. 3BSS, 3BUR, ~BTTV, 3HZ, SCA, 3CRM, 3CC, :!CG, 3CK, 3CU, !IFS, 3RD, 3HG, 8HL. 3HX, 3,l,T, ar,K, ~LR, 3MB, 8NH, 30T, 3PZ, :!RF, 3SU, 3VW. 3XM, 3YO, 87.H, l!ZO, HZW. :!ZZ, 4AS, -4BF, 4BX, 4BY, 4CG, ,WO, 4"EA, nm, ,llm, fEL. 4FG, 4FT, 41''W, 4JG. 4JK, 4KL. -1KM. 4T .. T, 4LP. -!ME, 4XD. 4XK, ,!YA, 5AAT, liACF, P,DE, GAE. 5CL aCY, t,F,S. W.J. 5GP, MiR,

f>flll, 61A, GlR, 6J.M, SKC, 6KN, 6KP, 6NK, 5NN, ONV, 5PO, 6QS, 6QY. oRH, !iSS, !iSZ, 5T.M, oTP, 5SZ, oVO, 5VY, 5XA, 5XAD, 6XV (6-watts), 6ZAG, 5ZAI, 5ZAS, 6ZS, 6AAT, 6ABX, 6AHQ, 6AK, 6ALU, 6APW, 6ARB, 6ATC, 6AVR, 6AVV, 6AWT, 6BBH, 6mJT, IJBFP, 6BIQ, tiBJQ, 6BJY, 6B00, 6BOW, 6BQC, ,rnQD !6-watts), 6HQ1'', GBQZ (5-wntts), 6BRG, 6BRS, 6BSA, 6BUM, 6HUN, 6HVG, 6BVW, 6CBI, 6CC, 6CU, 6DD, 6EB, 6EN, 6GD (5-watts i, liGF, 6GX (6-watts), 6IF, 6KA, 6LI, HO.M, oPI, ilQA, oXA V. !lXK, 6ZH, 6ZI, 6ZO, 6ZR, 6ZX, 6ZZ, 7AEM, 7BJ, 7BK. 7IY, 7JW, 7LR, 7PF, 7QD, 7RI, 7SC, 8AAF, 8ABX, 8AEL, 8AJ,JU, SAGO, 8AGP, SAHR, MIR, RAIW, RAJX:. ~ALC, &ALF, 8ANJ, ~AOL. :;AQO. f'A VD. xAWP, 8BDB, 8BEO, SBJX, ~BKE, XHKI, gl{PL. HB4t;i, ~HRC. 8BRM, l:!BSS, SBTR, 8HUT, WEI, 8CFU, 8CI. 8CJJ, 8CJX, 8CK, 8CKM. 8CKO. 8CPX. ~cus. 8CVZ, 8CZR, 8JQ, 8LW, !<NB, 801.J, 8PT, oPX, 8QB, XSB, 8SP, 8UE, 8VQ, 8WR, 8XE, BZAE, 8ZO, BZW, NOF. Canadians: 2AF, 5CN, &CT, 5CZ. All 5-watt stns hrd pse QSL ad. Dalite: 8AMM, 8AXN, 8CPD, 8FQ.

9HO, 404 Price St., Columbia, Mo. C.W.: 1ADL, lAGH, lALZ, lAZW, lBAS, lBCG,

1BES, lBKA, .!BOE, lHRQ. lBWJ, 1CTT, lCJA, .lCKP, (1CMK), lCOF, 1CVE, lGV, lII, llL, lKC, 1NV, 10N, 1PM. 1QP, 1XM, 1XU, lXZ, 2AFA, 2AFP, 2AVC, 2AYVi 2BBB, 2BBL, 2BDA, 2BFX,. 2BG, 2BMR, WMS, 2BQU, 2BSQ, 2CCD, :!CHG, ~CKL, 2C.MF, 2CM, 2CQD, 2CNZ, 2CQZ, 2FP, 20M, :!WR. 2XQ. 2ZS. 3AFK, 3ALU, 3AQR, 3AT. 3AUW, 3BIF, :mKC, aBLF, 8BOB, 3BOF', :mou, 3BSB, 3BSS, SCAN, 3CU, ans. 3EI, 3FC, 3FS, 3J,H, 8Jl, BOH, (30T), 8PZ, 3QV, 3S0, asu. 3TA', SXM. 4BW, 4BX, •ICY, 4DG, ,!Elli, ,!F'S, 4GZ, 4HW, 4JK, 4KC, (4LJ), 4LP. 4ND, 4YA, 6A.RB,-.6AVR'-6AWT, GBZH, SCCO, 6LU, GXAD, i;zlJ'.\ 6ZO, \1ZR, 6ZZ, 7AFW, 7BA, iNA, 7NY, 7PF, 7S0, 7ZO, 7ZV. !'ill other districts too numerous.

Spark: 2CRE, 2FP, 20M, 3AFK, 4CC, 4FD. 4MY • Canadian C.W.: SAT, :mV, 8DH, llDS, 3EI, 3PC,

:mE, 3HX, 3JH, 4BV, 4HH, SAL, 9BA, 9BV, 9BZ, 9CV.

9BXT, Giltner, Nebr. c.w.: HJN. lFB. lGV. 111, lKC. lUN, 1xu. 1YK,

1ARY, !BAS, lBES, lBKA, 1:HKQ, lBWJ, lCKP, WMK, 1CMP, lCVE, 2BG, 2FC, 2FP. 2GI, :lGK, 2KF, 2NZ, 20T, 2SU, 2UD, 2WR, 2XQ, 2AYV, 2BBB, 2BEA, 2BML, i:BMR, 2BQD, 2BQU, 2BRB, 2BYS. 2CJN, 2CKR, 2CPD, 2:X:.",.0, 2XAP, 2XAQ, 3BZ, 3FS. 3HG, 3HX, 3IW, 3LK, 3MB, aO:ID, SOT, 3RF, 3SU. 3T,T, 3XM, HYO, 8ZO, 3ZW, azz, 3AQR, ilARO, llATG, 3ATTTJ, :JHEC, '.JHER, 3BFM, llBFU, :ll:!HM, 3RKC, 3HLF, 8BLZ. 3BNU, 3BOB. 3BOF, :rnss. :muv, <IBQ. ,rnY, "1co, ,!EA, .mm. ,rnH, ,fHI, 4HW, -fKC, ,iKF, 4KL, •!KM, 4LJ, .!LP, JOI, 4YA, If.RE), fiBW, 5CN, 15DI), 6DW, i5F:L), r,NK, ,,ES, oFV, 5FT, 5GA. 15GJ), 16GR), 6IK, 6TR, i5IX), 5,fB, r,i;;:c, 5KN, f.iLB, f.ML, 5MO, 6MY. 5MZ, 5NK. (5NN1), oNS, &N.V, 5PF, (5PV\, (5PXl. (5QI), 5QS, 5RH, 6RR. 6SF, (5SS), (5TA), (liTC), fiTJ, oTM. [,TP, 6TX, 6UJ, oUN, 1;uo,

r;uu, 5VO, 5WE, GXA. r;xK, 6XT, 6XW. 5ZB. 5ZS, f,AAH, 5AAR, fiAAT, 6.ABY, (5AEC), 5AER. 5A.QI, 5X'AJ, (5ZAGl, 5ZAK, 5ZAS, (5ZAV), 6CC, 6EA, !HF. 6LU, 6LV, llKA, t1JD, 6RM, 6VM. l>ZH, 6ZT, t:ZZ, 6ABX, l1ANH, GARB, 6AVD, 6AVN, 6AWT, GBBH, 6BOE, 6BUN, 6BVY, 6XAD, 7BH, 7LU, 7LY, 7HM, 7SC. iZC. 7ZO, 7ZU. (7ZV). 7ABB, (7AFW), AD-7, 8AA, HAB. 880, 8CY, 8FQ, 8F'T, 8F'U, SHH, 8HN. SIB., 81,J, s.ru. 8KG, 8ML, SOI, 8PD, SQK, NRJ, 8RV, 8SB. 8SL, 8SP, 8SH, 8TT, SUE, 8UP, ~VQ. ~VY, 8XE. 8YN, RZF. ~zw. ~zz. SABE, 8ADG, SADU, BADZ, BAEA, 8AEB, .8AEG, 8AEH, RAGO, HAGZ, SAIH, SAIM, KA.TX, 8ALC, 8ALP. 8AIR. SAME. ilANB. MPT, (8APV), 8APW, 8AQO, !!ARD. 8ASC, 8ASV. BATX, 8AVD. 8AWR, 8AWZ, .SAXB, MXC. 8AZD. 8AZQ, 8BCY, ~BDC, 8BDE, ~BEF, (8BEK). SBFB, RBFH, RBFM, SBPR, 8BGL, RBHO, 8BIC, ~R.TH. f!BLfJ, kRT,Q, 8BNH. RBOQ, 8BOW, 8BOZ, rnPE, 8RP,T. BRRC, XBRY, RRTL, l<BUR. i8BUT). 8BVR, (8BWAl. 88WY, !<BWZ, ~ZXA, RRXE, HHXX., 8BYO, 8BZD, 8HZY, 8CAA, ~CAU. ~CAZ. xCBO, 8CBX, 8CDZ, 8CEP, 8CGJ, ~Cf;M, <RCGX). 8CIA. HCTH, ~CIM, 80.TH, 8CJY, .sf:,TZ, ~CMY, RCO,T, ~CPD, WRB, SCWC, ~CWP, il('XF'. AC!XK. ~CYR. ~CY'I'. µczK, 8('ZR, 8X!AE, ~7,,J\ ·..:. OvPr ~fiO nine:-- heard.

78 QST February, 1923

&.dio Communicatio QY ... ~ .~!~!P.=S

11111 for statements made herein by correspondents

The Passing of 6ZAC · Wailuku. Maui.

:near Friend F'.H.S.: ,lust a few lines in farewell. Am leaving

for the mainland in a week or so. I am ,mclosing a few of the best cards that came to me in this morning's mail-they are a representative group, typifying my mail days. If I put all my DX 011 a map, like 6XAD, you'd never in the world find the map.

Have sold the old world-beater, and haven't a thing he1·e except my rep. Thank goodness, it's something worth blowing about.

! 'm undecided as to what I'll do next, but think I'll try for a ship that'll take me around to the east coast. If possible, I'll drop in and ;,.ee you all. Nothing would give me greater pleasure.

I'm glad the gang is making such splen­did progress in the 'f / A's, OM. Congratu­late 'em for me. I sure hate to leave the game. but finances. ,:,te .. have knocked me under, for a ·while i:,t least.

BPst 73':s to you all, and my recommenda­tion for my :mccessor in A.R.R.L. niatters here is Gunner T. A .. Marshall. • He's SOME radio man, and will have my records snowed under i.n no time.

Sincerely, Cliff. Dow.

[Editor's Note, We know this letter will (!e re.ad ~ith _sincere so~-row _and symp~thy :,:or 1.,ZA1_,, ln a prevwus !.etter, ·written when he was starting to ;;ell his apparatus, Dow said, ''ft is 11 heart breaker .... I love my rRdio station more drnn I love my life, hut there are things of greater importance, and I am ealled upon to make the supreme :,acrifice." Dow hopes to be back in· ama­teur radio again some day. If he never touches a key again he will be long re­membered for his govd spirit, and for the wonderful trarn,-Padfic and Hawaiian relay work.] •

Rotten QRT

Editor, QST: Ridgefield Park, N. ,T.

Well OM, I gotta big kick to make. What are you going to do to these big hams that pounded hrass during the Transatlantic reception period? Gosh, OM, how can r keep my transmitter dosed down while a mob of ninth, dghth, fourth, and fifth distric-t guys are pounding away'? Why

! copied more nines, fours and five during the period reserved for rN•eiving than I will in a year's time. And believe me, rhey aren't unknown men at all. The fel­'ows I logged are well-known DX men and •.hould know better. What are you going to do about it, OM'! Boil 'em in oil, say I.

Cul 23, 34, '15, or any other ('Omhination, Two cast ram oboe signing off.

[Editor's note: 'fhis is just u sample .,f many letters carrying the same sentiments. See oµr ,:,ditorial on this subject this month.]

An Old-Timer Comes Back

Dear Eddy: St. Louis, Mv.

F'riend Wife has been absent for the past week, and I have been having the time of my life. I had a broadcasting station license, called WOAL, and fooled around with this darned radiofone for about a month and put lots of time and eft'ort into getting the last word in modulation. t finally got 'er so that knocking the ashes out of my pipe would nearly bust the filter system. I got cards from New Orieans to Minneapolis and thought I had a pretty swell layout. Many's the time tho, Ed<l:v OM, that I wished i'or the old spark set of !~LC.

Well, the other night I bad been sitting at the old Paragon { Paul Godley pse note free ad) .md listening to that train an­nouncer they've got ;iown at WSB, all messed up with my pet power line leak. After I got disgusted and turned off the tubes I was struck by the thought "Why not knock out a lil DX stuff"?". I've heard that l)l1e eou1d do :fair1y well with thi;s C. w. they are all raving about. All I ·,.now about- the stuff c·ould be p-,it in a ,.:nat's eye, hut I found my old bug under the cellar steps and r hooked her aero;.s the coride.nser of this broadcasting layout of 11:!ine. I gave the handle a couple of ditty­d1ts to see what would happen but the ammeter said four and one half just as it ought to and the fi:fty watters didn't ex­plode-or anything. Then I broke the first 1,ommandment of the old A.R.R.L. days and made a long CQ call. I turned on the receiver and, Eddy, hy the Great Horned Spoon, there were at least six guys ealling !:!LC! Well, you wdda knocked me over with a eat whisker. I picked out a g-uy with the "Lake Erie swing" that old timers

F'ebruary, 1.923 QST 79

use and, Eddy, who <lo you suppose it was? 5EK of the old spark days! ''Are you Bill Woods'?" he ;;es, ,/\Tith a flock of hi's, giving me the razz, l guess, for using C.W. We had a regular old hamfest, and I no more than signed off than I grabbed 9BKW up in Minneapolis, and a fellow in Davenport then gave me three msgs. I commenced to get interested about this time, went and got my pipe and set the old can of tobacco alongside the key, rolled up my sleeves and went to it right. 'fhe generator smelled like a blown-out condenser and the tubes radiated iike a boiler, but I kept right on. Thrills'/ Say, Ed, you old slob, I'm just as nutty as [ was several years ago about this radio stuff. When I went to bed the dock pointed to 3 :45 A.M. just as casual as eud be.

Next morning I bought a U.S. map and a bunch 01' these colored pins and I've pinned up r, bunch of them. Now I'm so high grade that when I eall I won't even answer a fellow unless he's on one coast or ;:.he other. l suppose you're up on this C.W. junk, old boy, but put me down as a ·'regular" again, for I'm putting in a real set now and as soon as I catch up on the hack numbers ,:,f QST I'm planning on working• Siberia un one tube, with a• Remy magneto fo:e power supply.

This makes the third time I've come hack to radio but I'm back for g:uod now, and long after Fred Schnell's ·· got long white v:hisker;s I'll be boosting C',. W. Hurry up that next issue of Q::JT. ··

Yours till the Grid Leaks. Hill Woods, H,C.

D«~ T.O.M.'s Squirrel .E:ditor, (}S'l':

When i.he plans for the Transatlantks were printed in (l:-:;T I read all about them and esµed!dly n\1 about the QRT for the tests and how beautifully we were i::oing to ob0y it The !<Juropean '1'ransmissiun P"riods c,ame along and I thot, "\Vell, this is v,here v•P shine". I hooked up a dr­euit ,,.,c,_]d to he the only ,me And hitched on four ;,rnges and thrPw all my friends out of the ·rnom of mysteries so that quiet­ness would reign. 'rhen I "pat on my paws imd twisted thfc' diah'\,

Well I guess A.R.R.I,. must ,stand for .American Rum Runner's League be('ause if the r•egular fellows were obeying the <=lRT there were sure a lnt of bootleg signals. It got my goat to hear nothing but :l's, 3's, 4's and S's all evening. How the hex were we supposEd to hear I•]uropean stuff with that damor going on the same wave'? I can se,· the Old Man getting purple in the face and kitty making a wild break for fre~h air. I · could give you a list of these QRMers but it would look like a rndio directory of the east coast--so I am going to put them in my "Dark Brown Book" and hate Hmm till l die.

Can you understand a guy that will CQ for fj minutes'? I can't unless he is so dumb he thinks Celluloid is Harold Lloyd's brother. One fellow with a :fone said he was using an absorption loop. Huh! I was wishing .I had a chance to take the wire off and use it on him as a choke coil. When 2CQZ told him to QRT it was like talking to empty space-in the fone guy's head. Another fellow had a lot of trouble with his voltage dropping all the time but I never got an answer to my prayer which was that it would drop on him. Then there was the sad story of the fellow who could only get .8 amps with a "!sure fire" cirquit and 1 was hoping that it did start to fire when he was in front of the muzzle. And all this time 2CQZ was patiently calling one after another of these idiots and like a brother telling them to "Please QRT O.M." l suspeet he is an angel so I Will never get a chance to meet him and wring his hand but if he is human I am going to make a will leaving him all my vacuum tubes. . •

And then I began to consider what this sort of thing is leading us to. It is triie that this gang is only a small part of A.R. ft.L., but it. only takes a few weeds to spoil a'· garden. And these ether-hogs were i,µoiling the work of thousands who were trying to show that Old Glory is going ahead. .:'\ nd ;i ust as the home i11 the place where citizens are made so is the radio club the place where such problems are ;,olyed and where respect for order is taught. Union is strength but hedtation in the use of that strength makes it worthless, tor hesitation is weakness itself. Remember r.hat. and as "F'or~,,,,i,•:ht is the Father of \Vi:;rlom'; let us start now in our radio clubs to Inake ;sure that 1,uch a t.hing will not happen on the next .A.R.RL. test.

I am a squirrel and make a specialty of nuts so that you may be sure t.hat Pven if the lammage abovP i>t "trong, the rhnug-ht. !:,Phind it is pure gold.

i$iq;1p,l) 'rhe Old Man';, SquirrPl.

-----. -_-=c:cc·_-_:_c=======~-=oc-9DR-9ZT, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.

(CondudPd i'r,nn ,,age '.'0)

is so unusually sharp that it is a disad­vantage for ordinary use.

9DR is n one-man station and is located in the parlor, more or less to the detriment of the aesthetic properties ttf said parlor, as one might judge from t.he photo. '.rhe station is operating five nights per week. Don Wallace is an old timer in amateur and commercial radio and expedites "scads" of traffic with considerable snap. With the reeently acquired "Z" and the prospects of a better location, we expect a good proportion of the northwest traffic will go thru this station.

80

'The 'Telmacophone

~ality ~l{adio exdusi'Vely JOBBERS! DEALERS! The de• mand lor the T •lmacophone is great. ·write for new l'.'!atalug n.nd disrounts on our complete !inf'!, Weare also disa tributors lor the better standard lines,

in CYery Home The Telmacophone in your home prov.ides en­tertainment and instruc­tion for every member of the family. No one has to take turns or miss any part of the program. No need to change head­phones from one person to the other. You are always assured a loud,

clear tone. Eve.rybody can hear everything, dearly and distinctly.

The tone is produced by original Baldwin 7),ipe C. {]nit and reflected into the outer horn. There

is no metallic effect. Finished in black and gold to harmonize 1,1,ith any surroundings.

Correctly designed-fairly priced-unreservedly guaranteed. The ORIGINAL $20.00 loud speaker and still the BEST. With original $20 Baldwin Type C. Unit, Price complete • If vour dealer hasn't the Tclmacophone in stock, send us hi; name and order direct from this ad enclosing $20.00. Prompt shipment. 1¥ritejor new free catalog.

RADIO orv,sION TELEPHONE MAINTENANCE CO.

208. Wells St. Dept. D Chicago, Illinois

Distributor for the leading manufacturers of Radio Apparatus

New England Distributor for ADAMS-MORGAN CO. PARAGON RADIO PRODUCTS

Radio lALO

JAMES H. JONES

~RROIO~ ~ APPARATUS~.

Phone BB 26'10

94 MASSACHUSETTS A VE., BOSTON 17, MASS.

ALWAYS MENTION Q S 'f WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

---Burgess, the Radio Battery

Specified by radio engineers - designed and built by wireless specialists-and recommended by leading manufacturers of radio equipment.

Burgess Radio Batteries, the result of years of careful experiments are built under exacting manufacturing stan:iards which must meet the requirements of strict laboratory formulae and tests-·- a super­vision that insures their perfect operation.

For professional or amateur ra :iio use, where noiselessness, long life, high capacity and uninterrupted, dependable service are essen­tial, Burgess has no superior.

Burgess Batteries are built for both "A" and "B" circuits. The Burgess No. 6 is used and found most satisfactory on the "A" or fila­ment circuits equippe:i with tlte new type one and one half volt vacuum tubes. The Burgess "B" Battery is everywhere recognized as the Standard of Quality in the wireless field.

BURGESS BATTERY COMPANY Engineers - Dry Batteries - Manufacturers

FLASHLIGHT- RADIO - IGNITION - TELEPHONE

General Sales Office: Harris Trust Bldg., Chicago Laboratories and Works: Madison, Wisconsin

Branche•: New York Boston Washington St. Paul Kan•as City New Orlean•

In Canada: BURGESS BATTERIES, Ltd. Winnepeg, Toronto, Montreal

1URGESS ,R,~DIO BATTER I ES

':ASK ANY RADIO ENGINEER''

-ALWAYS :"ENTION Q S T WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 81'

I ·' !J

/"'''" .... ~}

·---·' \.

a '"Croslt>v :\fannfactn ·ing Company, Cincinnati. Ohio. Ge,ntlemP.u·:

After a thorough trial, and nhst>rvation of other radio re<·eiv­ing instruments, J wish to state that the Crosley .\lode! X is giving hdter rf>;rnlts than anything else I have e,·er tried, not only i.n Sebring, but in Tampa and Jacksonville as well. \Ye are receiving from all the stanllard stations, North, East and \Vest, with the PXCeption of the .Nt-w England states, :-;,::-w York city lwing the farthest ,ve have received in tbat direr:tion. But we have received from a station announcing i.tself as Winnipeg, Canada, letters not plain, another from ):;eattle, \Yashington, anil one night we reeeived three selections and two announcements from KDYX, at Honolulu, Hawaii.

Yery truly yours. SEBRING G-.\R~.U.';E,

Sebring, Florida."

'rhe Crosley .:'lfodel X Radio Receiver, pictured below, ls a four tube outfit, consisting of tuner, one stage of Crosley tuned radio frequency amplification. (the feature that has mat.le this set so popular), detector and two stages of audio frequency ampliticarion. This is a beautiful mahogan~· eahinet. It will bring in distant Rtations loud anri clear. An Ohio woman recently lleani Hawaii and a Pittshurg o\Yner has hearu Mexico City.

Price, Without Tubes, Batteries or Phones-$55.00 'This Crosle~· l\fodel X, a four tube !'cet for $fi5.00, illustrates

the value r,f Crosif'y :reC"eivi.ng outfits, ·which range from !j;:::.::; to $150.

Crosley Manufacturing Company

CINCINNATI, OHIO

Send for catalog

I;~ .

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

CROSLEY PORTABLE SETS At the left is Crosley Receiving Set, Model VI portable. It consists of de­tector and one stage of tuned radio frequency amplification. This set is the same as Crosley Model VI which has given such universal satisfaction, put in a neat case with strong leather ,handle ready for travelling. Price $40.00 without batteries, tubes or phones.

MODEL VI, PORTABLE

Carry Your Own Radio With You It is no longer necessary to depend upon an elaborately installed receiv­ing system in your home. The rapid development of Radio has given you the opportunity of tuning in wherever you may be. Packed in a good-looking, substantial case completely equipped with batterie3, tubes, phones and an aerial. Crosley has given you in these 2 ~nodels the last word iu a portable Radio Set. These sets have ber~ test­ed thoroughly and have been found to give complete satisfaction.

At the right is pictured Crosley Re• ceiving Set, Model VIII portable. This consists of one stage of tuned radio frequency amplification, detector, and one stage of audio freqaency amplifi­cation. 'l'he same general crinstruc­tion as Model VI portable and guar­anteed to give slightly better results and a wider range. Price $60.00 without batteries, tubes, or phones. Both of these portable sets are to be used with dry cell tubes.

MODEL VIII, PORT ABLE

CRC)SLEY MANUFACTURING CO .. 218 ALFRED STREET, CINCINNATI, OHIO

ALWAYS MEl'i'TION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 83

84

CROSLEY

MODEL VI-S

MODEL Vlll-S

MODEL xn

11/ 12 VOLT TUBE SETS Better - Coat Len

Increased demand for radio receiving sets which permit use of 1 ½ volt tubes has resulted in the Crosley :Mfg. Co's. production of the 3 models on this page. These are most efficient sets bringing in distant stations not as loud of cours-e as with storage battery tubes but very satisfactorily. The special feature of the 1 % volt tubes will appeal to those who do not wish to purchase expensive storage "A" batteries, as well as those ,vho cannot have their own charged.

Model 8-B and 6-S are designed for those who desire to use 1 ½ volt tubes. They are the same as the popular and well h"llown Crosley Models 8 and 6., but have a larger cabinet. They have remarkable power and bring in stations loud enough to fill an entire house.

Price of the Model 8-S .......... $50.00 Price of the Model 6-S .......... $:10.00

'rhese prices do not include batteries, tubes or phones.

Each set is carefully tested before it leaves the factory, thereby eliminating the chance of getting a faulty receiver. Thousands of dealers handle Crosley in­struments, but as the ones pictured here are new it may be well to stock up before the demand gets too great.

Model XII is a beautiful cabinet set with a special sound resonating chamber and space for batteries. It combines one stage of Crosley tuned radio frequency amplification, detector, and one stage of audio frequency amplification. For volume we recon1mend that 6 volt tubes be used.

Price, without tubes, batteries, or phones .................... $65.00

CROSLEY MANUFACTlJRING CO~ 218 ALFRED STREET, CINCINNATI, OHIO

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

i

Crosley Model XXV This beautiful mahogany cabinet model not only ,·nables one to hear any broadcasting station in the U.S., but is so designed as to match p~:rfectly the finest piece of furniture in the home. It is equipped with a 4 tube set, consisting of detector, one stage of tuned radio frequency amplification, and two stages of audio frequency amplification. The cabinet is arranged to take the Model R-3 Magnavox, but this is not prescribed at price below. 'rhis model has met the test of competition and triumphed where others failed. Price, without batteries, tubes, Magna-

vox or phones ................. $150.00

Three Beautiful Cabinet Models

Crosley Model XV Consisting of a single circuit tuner, one stage of radio frequency amplification, a detector and two stages of audio frequency amplifica­tion, together with the special sound resonat­ing ehamber, this set is practically like the Model X. The addition of the sound chamber pe.rmits all persons in the room to hear clearly and distinctly all that is being received. This mahogany finished receiving cabinet would be an addition to any home. Price, \vithout tubes, phones, or hat-

k,ries .......................... $70.00

--&R:~S4=E¥-Beue,~~~cost Len

RADIO

Crosley Model XX This is the same as Model XV, only in an upright cabinet of beautiful design and staunch structure. 'rhe doors both upper and lower are hinged and directly under the receiv­ing apparatus is a board whleh slips in and out and which the listener may use as a desk or rest. Music received on this set will be heard throughout a large room providing the broadcasting station is powerful enough. Price, without batteries, tubes

or phones ............ . $100.00

CR,QSLEY MANUFACTURING CO. 218 ALFRED STREET, CINCINNATI, OHIO

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 85

86

Crosley Harko Senior Now Regenerative

Manufactured for us under license under Armstrong U. S. Patent Number 1,113-149 Oct. 6, 1914, for use to amateurs, in amateur radio stations, to radio experi­menters, and in school and college ex-perimental stations.

The regenerative Harko Senior is one of the most efficient &1ngle tube sets on the market. The regenerative feature in this one tube set increases the range and volume. We believe that the Harko Senior Models are the best one tube instrument on the market today.

'.rhe Harko Senior Model V is now made in three types: Model V-A, with overhanging lid, panel marked, regenerative $16.00

non-regenerative 14.00

Model V-B, with regular new style Adam brown mahogany cab­inet, regenerative 17.00

non-regenerative 15.00

Model V-C, with regular new style Adam brown mahogany cab-inet, regenerative, panel engraved 20.00

non-regenerative 16.00

These prices without tubes, batteries, or phones.

The new regenerative feature embodied in this Harko Senior Model V now makes the Crosley line as complete as any in the country and no feature is being used in connection with radio reception that Crosley has not incorporated in one or more of their sets.

CROSLEY MANUFACTURING CO .. 218 ALFRED STREET, CINCINNATI, OHIO

ALWAYS MENTION Q S T WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

CROSLEY RADIO CABINETS

For Model Panel Sizes

A.-1 6x 7 A.-2 HxlO½ A-3 6 X 14 A-4 6 X 21 B-5 9 X 14 B-6 l.2 X 14 B"' - f 12:x: 21

V-T SOCKET The Crosley V-T Socket is made in one piece of porcelain. the f~ame material used in base of n,cuum tube to insulate lhe four prongs. 't'he euntacts are of. :,trong, pbospor bronze. The V-T Soc,ket can also be mounted 1,n a base nr aide for vanel 1nounting. A number of rnanu .. facturers are now :~pedfyinll Crosley V ~~r socket on Hll their Drnducta. :!?rice 40tc

All Crosley Cabinets are made of hardwood, mahogany finish, and are staunchly constructed, with hinged lids. They are neat in design, attrac­tive in appearance and are of the best workmanship. Used by those who build their own sets.

The following table includes prices on formica panels:

High Wide

6½ in. 6½ in. 5½ in. 10 in. 5½ in. 13½ in. 5½ in. 20½ in. 8½ in. 131/2 in.

11½ in. 13½ in. 11½ in. 20½ in.

RHEOSTAT !.'1•(1<,le.v Rheostat tiermits ex~

eP.ptionally aet~Urate variations of: the ,011rrent thereby giving the 1,~~t possible r<>sults. Notice c;mooth running ball bearing t!OntacL ·unique eonstruetion e-nables you to mount the Rheostat on panel of any thick­ness up to 7~ inch. Model A CroR)ey Rheostat has a r(>'sist­ance of ~ nhms. and will carry one ampere v:rithout heating.

Cabinet .Panel Deep Prices Prices

7 in. $2.50 $1.05 7 in. 2.75 1.58 7 in. 3.30 2.10 7 in. :U:!O 8.15

10 in. :3.70 :{.15 10 in. 4.40 ,1.20 10 in. 5.25 G.30

VARIOMETER C.roi:lley Variometer part:H con­sist of wood rotor two stator 1>arts with ,•ompleie hardware. Price-Poplar $1.25; .Maholl'­any $1.!IO.

(:ro~tey Variocoupler parts c.on­,i,t of wood rotor tube hard­warP. Price $1.25. Crosley Variocoupler a.tao fur­nished ,,yound and assembled, Price $3.00.

CR.OSLEY MANUFACTURING CO~ 218 ALFRED STREET, CINCINNATI, OHIO

1-~- .... ~---······ ··-- ... ALWAYS MENTION Q S T WHEN WRITING 'fO ADVERTISERS 8 7

Electrical Instruments for Radio Weston

/Wodel 280 rolt-.,1 m mrter

One of numerous Wcstdn Instruments de J' i g n e d especiaily for Radio 1ue

TH~R'I:Y-F,IVE years of. k.·nowing how to origi~at~ and !nanufacture c!ec:trical in­d1catmg mstruments ot every character-~,tanas back of all \Veston tnstruments. That is why the name ··Weston" on any instrument for radio use is your positive

guarantee of dependability, utmost perfection and continuous satisfactory service. Voltmeters, Ammeters, Milliammeters, Thermo-Ammeters and Thermo-Galvanometers -for amateur, advanced experimenter or commercial station. ,Also a specially de­signed Volt-Ammeter for testing tube characteristics, general current conditions, measur­ing resistance. filament voltage, plate voltage, etc.

F11llv described and i!lu.rtrated in Booklet ]. and other Radio literature. w ritt> I or it to-day.

WESTON ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENT CO .. 158 WESTON AVENUE, NEWARK, N. J.

88

Electrical Indicating Authoritie11 since 1888

An /ndica'ting Instrument for Every lnd!Vidual Need and Industrial Purpose

DAY-BY-DAY-IN EVERY WAY

EBY PRODUCTS are getting

BETIER AND

BETTER AND

BETTER COMMANDER gNsIGN CORPORAL 8ERGEANT --ss"

JR..,peat the abov• !I times, then. buy Eby posta and be cured of your Binding Poat ills THE H. H. EBY MANUFACTURING COMPANY, PHILADELPHIA, PENNA.

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

New Paragon Audio-Frequency Amplifier Transformer

$5.00

Specially designed for reception of radio telephone signals. Reduces tone dis­tortion. Chokes out vagrant currents that cause scratching, hissing and hollow tones. Gives the soft, full, well-rounded tones essential for good radio telephone reception. May be mounted on either panel or base. Has four terminals con­veniently arranged and marked for connection. Completely housed in polished condensite shell. No. 81.

Paragon V. T. Control No. 70 Attractive - compact -­

efficient $6,00

Paragon V, T. Sockets Perfect contacts-heatproof- mirror finish - non-breakable

Standard Universal Mounting No. 30, $1,00 No. 32, $1,25

Paranon Rheostat No. 25 Panel or Table

Rugged - dependable -sinooth action

$1.50

Paragon Stage Control Switch No,90

Positive--noiseless-rapid-ideai

Paragon Potentiometer No. 35 ~-100 ohms-·- economical~

rugged

.f\.n illustrated Catalog of Paragon Radio Products itj yours for the asking.

ADAMS-MORGAN CO.,

$3.00 $1.75

DEALERS-The Adams-Morgan Company hAs an interest­ing proposition to make to reputable radio dealf"rs who be­lieve in quality merchandise. Details on request.

4 Alvin Ave., Upper Montclair, N. J.

PARAGON Reg. U. $_ Pat. Off.

RADIO PRODUCTS

ALWAYS MENTION Q S T WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 89

I

I

Every product that vrn manufacture l!'\ the r0suit ,>f the inventive 1tenius ,,f 'I'homas P. Giblin. When you buy Giblin products :;-,,n know that they will perform satisfactorily.

Radio-Frequency

Amplifying Transformer

Gives maximum amplification; maxi­mum disi;ributed capacity. Simple iron: maximum coupling between prl­marv and secondary winding; mini­mum.· distributed (;apacity. Simple in operation. Price iji7.00.

Audio-Frequency

Amplifying Transformer

Liesigned for use with standard am­nlifying tubes. Gives maximum am­J,lli:ficatfon without noise or distortion. Mav be nla .... d in any position with-1mt'nre:.rnagnetic coupling and squeal­ing.. Price mounted, $4.50; un­mounted, ls:J.f,0.

Buy Giblin Rad.io Products from your dealer Or addreas Department R

I ;:,,TA¾fDA.i';'D RADIOF,,ELECTRIC CC).

t>'cf.~n t'ri,ET,RHODH ISIAND

~

*'."t ,n.,•,harge ,ifu.1t~~ '~ .

at Honie Char1u both A ud B Radio B@tteri••

Don't be without the use of your Radio Receiving Set. whiie. your bat­tery is being charged. Get a Valley Charger and charge your battery right at home.

A.ttach the C:muger to your home lamp socket-attach the cli~ to the battery terminals and you will get a quick,· tapering charge which just ex­actly charges yo_ur battery, . b~t can­not overcharge 1.t or harm 1t m any way.

Will charge the A G volt battery at a 5 ampere rate, and the B 22 1/2 volt battery at the required 1Ai ampere rate. 45 volt B batteries may b., connected in parallel :w that they e-an also be charged.

SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. If your local distributor cannot

supply you, 1mte direct to

VALLEY ELECTRIC COMPANY Department Q, ST. LOillB . . . . Mail the Coupon • • • • \!alley Electric Co., Dept. Q, St. L<>ui•, Mo.

Gentlemen: l am enelo~iug money ord..r /or eheckJ for $18.00, for wh4eh •end me ,, Val!ey Battery Charger with five_...i !1:ta•• display ""'"" and Indicator. U not sat­isfa<"tory I will return it and get my mone7

... Addr•n

$18.00 !i'.O.B. St. Louis

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

/ ,.,,~

Filament potential o Volta F'ilament current .25 amp. PIRte potential 20 t-0 100 volts Plate impedance 16,000 ohms A mplifteation constant 6.6

the

Amplifier Tube Type C-301-A List Price $9.00 'l'he most efficient vacuum tube ever placed on the market for amateur and expel'imental use. The engineers of the GenEn"al Electric resiea,rch laboratodes have at last succeeded in perfecting a tube that every owner of a radio set has been waiting for.

Greater Power Amplification Only ¼ Amp. Filament Current

THIS new and improved Cunningham C-301-A Amplifier is a high vacuum tube designed for use as an amplifier and detector, con­

taining a new Tungsten Filament, the character­istics of which are long life, low power consump­tion, low operating temperature and greater power amplification than any previous amplifier tube. 'rhe tube has a standard four prong base, and the g-lass bulb has the same dimensions as t.he C-300 and the C-801.

'rhe greatly reduced filament current permits the use of four of these tubes without ex­hausting the A battery any faster than when using one of the previous type of amplifier tubes. Complete instruction for the care and efficient operation of this new Amplifier 'fube are packed with every tube. Insert a C-301-A in your amplifier set today. Note the improved quality and increased audibility.

248 F'lrst Street

The Cunningham Technical Bureau is at your Service Address your problems to Dept. Q.

&n 'Francisco, California 154 W. Lake Street

Chicago, Illinois

ALWAYS MEN'flON QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 91

Like Postage Stamps

Used Every• where

What is fROST·RADIO fROSl'•ftADIO is a dependable high quality output made under manufac­turing and engineering conditions that insure high grade quantity production at a price within the reach of every radio fan. There is no time limit to the guarantee on Frost Radio.

fROST·fONES .reproduce -,oice and music in clear natural tones~ 1rhe ~torld's sweet.est~toned radio receiver. Frost :F'ones. built by telephone enginee:fs, arc noted for permanence of mag­netism. Sold at a low price beei:t.use of tremendous out­put and efficient factory methods.

No. 162, 2000 ohm .Frost­llones, $5.00

No. 163, 3000 ohm Frost-Fones, $6.00 f \

No. 139 Frost Plug 60c

fROS'f•JACKS AllFrostJacks are care­fully Inspected to make oore the springs are i,encctly adjusted to make positive contact with tip and sleeve of

f'ROST•PLUGS At~~urately made by precision methods ac­CQ·rding-to correct radio engineering standards. 'The tip grips the jack springs and insures a ='.·':;;i

No.131 Double Circuit Jack,90c

plug, -,or..,..~- Frost Multi-Phone

Plug Useonetofoursetsofphonea with this jack. Receivers connect in aerie~ givingbest results. No. 138 Multi•

!~~~~;,_:··;~~lQ range coupler. A sf":;1·· _.., ..... ..-:;::,--highly selective ...... - .. ;:~ ...... -· ...

"N:r:~"o~$;:So :::'-':''.:r::::::.::=>-·-Aak .4ny Good Dealer for Frost Radio

HERBERT R FROST. Inc • . 154 WEST LAKE STREE'.C CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,

&Pk-4., R 6 6 WAAiGAA

The Heart of Radio Frequency

Is The Transformer

And Your SucceH in Getting Distance and Distinctnen Depends on the Efficiency

of Your Transformer

Do not condemn Radio Frequency because you have used poor Transformers. The RT-5 (150 to :mo meters} and the RT-6 (300 to 600 meters) have been tested severely by experts in various parts of the country and are proven without equal in tone quality and distance. 'rhey are an absolute necessity to the enthusi­ast who desires to get the best results from his radio set. With the RT-6 and RT-6A transformers, a loop receiver will operate a loud speaker on distant stations and you can easily receive wonderful programs from Chi­cago, Kansas City, Dallas, Atlanta, 'Winnipeg and other distant stations within a two thou­sand mile radius. Order by type number, accept no substitute and remember that all Radio Service Labora­tories 'fransformers are individually triple tested }md unconditionally guaranteed. For sale at all reliable electrical or Radio Stores or order direct from us.

Send ten cent• for new booklet on Radio Fre• quency with achematic diagrams - a moat valu­able and helpful publication for the radio amateur and expert.

RASLA SALES CORPORATION National Dist-ributor

Dept. B, 10 East 43rd St., New York City

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

Replace your Rheostats with Bradleystats Just c,,mpare the oecillograph curves above, made in the Standards Laboratory of the University of Wisconsin. The mperiority of the Bradleystat is strikingly evident. Thou• sands are now installing Bradleystats in place of their wire rheostats, and get quicker tuning, greater range and louder detection. Try one, tonight, and note the amazing improvement. A new Allen-Bradley product is the Bradleyometer, the Per· feet Potentiollleter. If you use a potentiometer in your eet, send for a Bradleyometer bulletin.

~-~Co. Eloclrk Controllin" Appararut

2'n G~nfield Ave. Milwaukee, Wis. Member of the National Radio Chaml,., of Commute

• REGISTERED

cAn Important 'fe5t The Oscillograph is a delicate an~uumenr which record• on a moving photographic film any ilucruations in electnc currenr !lowing through • rheooa1 connected 10 the oocillograph.

Test No. 1--Soe the violent lluctuation1, the jerky, noisy control of a regular wire rheostat. Imagine the hissing and wbis• thng. such rheostats create in your detec:~ tor rube. Test No. 2-Now look a1 1he omooth, otepl,.. oontrol ol the Bradleystat, No hissing, no frying nor I~ of exact con­trol. Such noi!$eless. ftadual ccntrol ex· tends your range iplmensely.

PER.FECT FILAMENT CONTROL ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 93

The C-H Hadfo "A!' Ba.ttery

Pot.entiometwr

Another Opportunity to

Demand C ~ H Protection

The -C-H trade mark has made its place in t.he history of radio. More than a quarter million rheostats engraved with this mark of the master builder of rheostatic control appar­atus are today giving satisfaction to an army of enthusiasts.

The new "A" Battery Potentiometer gives the ::;ame assurance of satisfaction in any equally vital part of your receiving circuit-­the same assurance that hais for more than thirty years made engineers the world over demand the C-H trade mark for protection.

'rhis new potentiometer matches exactly the C-H Radio Rheostats in both appearance and performance. It is of the revolving drum type with a total resistance of aoo ohms. It is de­signed for panel mounting and finished in satin nickel and ebony black. A comfortable knob of genuine Thermoplax and a highly nickeled pointer provide easy and positive control.

'l'o he <·crtain of results demand the C-H trade mark-it ls your g:uarantee of satis-iaetion;- -

THE CUTLER-HAMMER MFG. CO. il,fetttb~r li:odio 8--:.cf.-ion~ ~-1~Hociated di\,lanufacture-r-s of

Blectrical Supr>U.es

MllWAUKEE • WISCONSIN ~ O,-~ a ~u Million C-H R4Jio Rh~ottdts Now in Us~

~ RADIO "A" BATTERY

POTENTIOMETER

"B" Battery with Panel Control

Storage Batteries designed for

RADIO

KICO Storage "B" batteries are used by thousands of amateurs who under­stan1 radio and consequently hmr nothing but thle most efficient equip­ment.

A FEW REASONS t. Alkaline type. Unlimited Life. 2. They eliminate noise• caused from "Ba"

tltat are rapid):, deteriorating. 3. The nritcl, control allows single el!II va.-1•

11tfon• from 12 volt• up. ( A critical plate adjustment is essential on your detector bulb for C.W. and Radiophone reception.)

4. Reehar,reable from your 110 Volt A. C. line in connection with tl,e rectifier supplied with e,tch battery.

I. Will last from three to six months on a single charge while in the detector plate circuit,

fl. NOT an experiment. All batteries sold with the privilege of receiving your money back If unsatisfied within a 90 day trial.

7. Neat, Efficient and Compact.

:fl cell 24 cell M =11 50 cell 73 .,.,[I

108 cell

(Plain} 22 V<>lt• $6.50 32 volt• 11.00 4.S volt• 10.00 68 volt• 12.00

JOO volt• 16.00 145 volt• :.n.oo

F.O.B. Buffalo, N. 1'.

(With Panels}

$12.00 J4.!l0 17.00 21.00 26.00

Literature gladly .furniahed

We distribute KING Chal"lfera

KIMLEY ELECTRIC CO. 1355 F !"more live., Buffalo, N. Y.

H4 ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISER/!.

,,,.

12 ,/ ~

--'-· ~

(!) I \ !

I

8 --· -'u• / ir-

,{;, '-~/ <

\ ·-._,,

r,.,.... ·f

V I .l :±±:.L.;";im:•'

~i.10 ,!00 4,00 500 CHART 1

,.

{ \ I I \

-i---,,.,.~-

I /

-· I I i.- <

/ '-1'

I '""·"·'

6(l()

OHART Il

I,,,.-~ ,--•U--\

\

'" ----

14

1:r.

10

B

6

4-

:2.

importance of uniformity How to avoid amplification losse= when

u•ing radio frequency

BEFORE you purchase a radio frequency · - transformer he sure to find this out. Does .it show marked depressions and [)eaks in the amplification range between 200 and 600 meters'! No amplification is possible in such depressions. Getting dis­tant stations becomes a gamble as to whether or not there is any amplification at a given point.

How i:o get uniformity

tary type of set, either vacuum tube or crystal receiver type, will have its range tremendously increased.

The best method 'l'o SECURE maximum results use three stages of Acme Radio Frequency Amplifi­cation ( R-2, R-8 and R-4), a erystal de-

tector and three stages of

THERE is a radio frequency amplifying transformer which has been so per­fected that the peaks and depressions are elimin­ated. This is the Acme R-2. This unique trans­former, after long months of E•xperimentation, has b, •pn perfected ·with a sp1cdal type of iron core and windings which elim-

ACME R-2 Radio Frequency

Acme Audio Frequency Amplification. This in­sures maximum sensitiv­ity and intensity, quiet­ness in operation and free­dom from distortion. A ;;mall indoor antenna or loop may be used and sufficient intensity o h -tained to operate the Acme Kleerspeaker, pro­viding perfect entertain­ment for a roomful of rJPople.

Amplifyin11 Tran•former. Price $11. 00 (Ea1t of Rocky Mt1. i

inate tl-ie peaks and depressions and pro­vide Ii steadily .increasing volume of am­ptificatmn up to the point of maximum im­portance-:360 meters.

Gets greater distance EQUALLY important is the far greater dist­ances you get broadcasting. The Acme R-2 m;ed in a radio frequency amplifier builds up wave energy before passing . it on to the detector. You hear signals ordinarily inaudible. The simplest and most elemen-

You ean get these and other Acme Pro­ducts at radio, electrical and many hard­ware stores.

Write for booklet H-2 showing proper hook ups and other information.

THE ACME APPARATUS COMPANY Pioneer tran•lormer and radio en11ineer• and manufacturer•

CAMBRIDGE, MASS., U.S.A.

New York, 1270 Broadway Chicago, 184 W. Washington St.

,...,for amplification

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

96

THE trade name "Mag­navox'' h a s become

standard among radio students because of the electrodynamic principle it represents - a n original invention of lasting im­portance.

R-2 Magnavox Radio with 18-inch horn: this in­strument is intended for those who wish the utmost in amplify­ing power; for large audiences, dance halls, etc. . $85.00

R-3 Magnavox Radio with 14-inch horn: the ideal .instrument for use in homes, offices, amateur stations, etc. . $45.00

Model C Magnavox Power Amplifier insures get­ting the largest pos­sible power input for your Magnavox Radio.

2 Stage 2 Stage

$80.00 110.00

Llfagn1iv11x pro1Liwt8 cun he hu:d n_t' uood de(l,/ers e1.!e1·11-u,ne,·e..

THE MAGNAVOX CO. Oakland, Cali fornla

/ N. Y. Office: 370 Seventh Ave,

~IA<;)NAVOX 1v1· ,fv.ulio l7/ie.Jleprodut'er Supreme

MU-RAD R-F Amplifier Transformers

200-600 Meters Air Core

The great distances attained by Mu­Rad Receivers-over 1000 miles with only a small loop aerial-are in a very large measure, due to this extraordinary transformer. So accurate that they vary less than a half of one per cent.

No iron losses. No undesirable capa­city effects. No eddy current loss. Other transformers may eost less hut none at :my price can ac,complish what the Mu­Rad Transformer can. Increase the range, the efficiency and the darity of your set with a Mu-Rad R-F Amplify­ing Transformer,

Sold at Most Good Radio Store• .,,. Sent Direct

A e e "pt no suh5titute, There are no transfor­mers aa., good ae Mu­Rad." Stores where other quality radio merchandise i~ sbld g~:<nerally cftrry Mu-Rad Apparatus,

Let u.s :-;~nd you the Mu-Had booklet.

Three Types

Type T-11 for the first stage $5.00

Type T-11A for the •""ond atage

$6.50 Type T-118 fa.­the third atage

$7.00

A Real Propoaition for the Dealer

MU-RAD LABORATORIES, Inc.

804 Fifth Avenue ASBURY PARK, N. J.

AL WAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

DID YOU READ LAST M<)NTH'S ANNOUNCEMENT?

Last month we announced a list of five new instruments. These instruments were so new that only twe of the cuts had been obtained at the time the QST forms closed. This month we have these cut.a available.

There is ao much to be t()lld about these .instruments that even a brief outline is not possible here. Send for FREE RADIO BULLETIN 913-Q and learn about them. Ask your local dealer to let you examine them.

TYPE 300-A AMPLIFIER UNIT A compact unit consisting of our 'rype

231-A Amplifying Trans:£ormer, Type 255 F'ilament Rheostat and Type 282 WD-11 Tube Socket mounted on a nickel finished ,brass mounting. These parts are all wired ready for the external con­nections. The mounting is so designed that the unit may be used on a table or mounted behind a panel with only the rheostat knob projecting.

PRICE, COMPLETE . ............ $7.50

TYPE 255 RHEOSTAT A rheostat of moulded bakelite, not

a substitute, for panel or table mount­ing. Smooth in operation and attrac­tive in appearance. Resistance 6 ohms; current carrying capacity 1.25 amperes. May also he supplied in a 3.5 ohm, 2.5 ampere size for one power tube. PRICE ...................... . $1.00

TYPE 282 WD-11 TUBE SOCKET A socket of moulded bakelite ar­

ranged with positive side contact springs to take •the WD-11 tubes. Socket will fit only in correct position, thus avoiding danger of burning out tube. Terminals plainly marked.

PRICE .................... . 80 Cents

GENERAL RADIO COMPANY MASSACHUSETIS AVENUE AND WINDSOR STREET

CAMBRIDGE 39 MASSACHUSETTS Do not coniuse the produx:ts of the GENERAL RADIO CO. with those of other c.on-,erns using th& words ''Ge-neral Radio." The General Radio Co. has been manufacturing radio and scientific iMtru• tnents for many years. It has no affiliation with any other, company.

Standardize on General Radio Equipment Throughout

ALWAYS MENTION Q S T WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 97

98

BUY THE BEST

THORDARSON AMPLIFIERS

A New Thordarson

6 to 1 :ratio audio frequency amplifying transf orme1:. . De­signed for those des1nng a higher transformer ratio than mir standard. Unusually high a n d eonstant amplification ·without distortion o v e r a broad band of audio frequen­cies. Core is twice the cross section of that of the ordinary amplifying transf01n1er and is made of special 8G g a u g e silicon steel. rrhe coils have low distributed eapacity. The hid1 '"Thordarson" standard has been maintained through­out.

6 to i ratio transformer . . .. $5.00 '"'ith Red Label

31;:,;i to 1 ratio transformer. . 4.50 ..,.,ith Black Label

Thordarson Electric Mfg.Co ..

500 W. Huron St. CHICAGO

The Radio Spec­Y- P~I\.SCO zes in small

orders: in , 50% of our orders &re le.!ts thRn <HP.; doUar. 2-4~ hour ioier-vfoe guaranteed.

This Company apecializeu in small t•Rrta for rndio, selling ,.,nly the highest elas• of materials. This Company ·is aware of the .fttct that v .. ry high pri~es prevail in :radio nov;•. By buying material from us vm1 not only save anywhere .from .60 to l59f, on the erf8t of the instru­ment.s, but you have the fun and instruction of making them yourself.

Our quick, 2~1.ahour BPrviee mea:na aathfied <,ustomers. We have no Complaint Department. Hundreds of lettnrs such 1:ts the followin,i, unao-­

·- He ited, are in our flles :

i fl.·· 1~. r· 4. l Rod,:iey St., W. St. John, N.B. D.P.ar Sirs:

·, · . l!lnclosed you will find one (1) "" t:...., · •-. dollar for which plea~e send me

1 dozen binding posts No. 201 at $1.00 1ier d o z e n and <)b!ige. ,-=~0 -~--1

Goo. B. Ingraham / ----...~ P.S. - .R,isco Serv- 1 ice is Hure an it is era.eked , rp to / 1

be. I have neeived I I/ three diife1·ient <.11·- ,• II dP"8 from Ra.!""c-O /J t-tnd I r.-tm h t i 11 Wt iting for an or­der from another/ Company · w h i c h/ 1,vas ~ent in hf"fore the first Ra BC~ or<i~r. ···-.._

Yours truly, 6-1 p,,ge catalog G. B. L

011r pricei, arE- low. ~t.nd all 2-oodi! u.r-e shipped prepaid. You deal with the oid-est and only Company ._,xclu.sive­ty mnu11£at•turing the i5mall parts in their own two big fndorieR~ Our big !~4---pHi;!'.e ,~Htefog~ No. 7, li!Hnta,ining ovfl:- ~mo Hl.ustrRtions ·wtil 1-:itt-V(: ;rou :cnoney. This <:ata1og &.~o tit:,nt.aiw,

\~~ ~ 75 Di~;,rams of I Vacuum Tube Hook-Ups I

-n(,t tn be f.ound :m ;:-1,:uy cat.-a.log, 1_only found in e:it:pensive te-s:t books. 1J:his ..:atalo.e: 8reut o;..n i y upon re c e .i pt. nf lfif

•. Onr.t=:- v,:; u have t. r i e d the . RASco" service ;\'"OU

eustomer f Hfe. 35~~ t· our cu.sto­l'tn:n- al wa.ys eorue back.

<:~-- . Detector ···,,. ~.,:-,-.... ~ 50c

~· -,"~tw:ki().h,-~ 98-100 PARK PC.AGE, NEW YORK CITY '

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

CORRECT SHIELDING

THE ideal rnethod of shielding is to be found in the use of a metal

panel.

Metal panels have other advan­tages. Units are more easily mounted on them and they greatly simplify the assembling of your receiving set.

All units mounted on metal pan­els must, of necessity, be completely self-insulated.

Eisemann Variometers, Vario­couplers and Condensers ernbody this feature trntether with electrical

,_,.~

and m2chanical characteristics cf a high order.

FVdte for descriptive .literature.

EISEMANN MAGNETO CORPORATION \Villiam N. Shaw, President

BROOKLYN, N. Y. DETROIT

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 99

EVERY AMATEUR

MA:i'ERIAL USED: Outside Antenna­Variocoupler--Variometer to tune Plate of Detector-One #29 Federal R. F. Transformer - Detector. NO AUDIO.

CALLS HEARD lAKL, lAYC, lAW, lAWW, lAXW, lBCQ,

lBDI. lBES, UIET, l.BKQ, JBRQ, lBV, lCLF, lCMK, lCPN, lGV, lRD, lXM, lXU, lXZ, lZP.

2ABZ, 2AFR, 2AWL, ZAYV, 2BJO, 2BLP, 2BNZ, 1.CBT, 2CCD, 2CJN, 2CKR, 2CMS, 2EL, 2KF, 2LO, 2SU, 2UK~ 2WB, 2XL, 2ZIL

1lAAO, 8AC, 8AF'B. SAIC, 3AJH, 3AUU, l!A VC, SA YY, SBFU, 8llIJ, SBIW, 3BLF, SBR, SBU, 8BVA, 3BX, 3BZ, 3CC, 3CF, 3GK, llLP, 8NB, 3OE, 30'!', 3SU, 3TJ, 8VW, 3XM, 3YO, 3ZO.

District in United States Detroit, Michigan During by Keith Bernand, 8AZD, Clark, SAO.

Copied at November and E. H.

4AY, ,!BK, l!BV. ,IBY, 4CG, JGG, Tl<1B, HlH, ,tEL, 4EQ, 4F'T, ,iGL, ,iKK, -iKM, ~LJ, lNT.

SAAB. &ADE, 6AEW, 5DI, 5EK, &FY, 6HB, ,,MY, 5NB, 5NK, 6PO, 5QM, 5QY, &SM, 6TC, 5TJ. 5\VW, GXA, oXAJ, liX:K, fiX:T, fiXV, 5ZAD, f,Z-.\S, 1;zA V, r;zB.

;;cu. 6EN, 6KA, 6XAD, 6ZD. "'10 nzu

100

8AA, 8Al0, SAQO, 8AWR, ~AX, 3AXZ, 8AZE, 8BCY, 8IlDV.' 8BEF, 8BEO, 8BFX, 8BHO, 8BK, 8BLC, 8BUV, 8BUX, 8BXX, BC.AK, 8CCP, 8CF, scr. 8CIJ. 8CMY, 8CUR, 8CXF, BDAT, REF, SEN, SIQ, 8JQ, 8NB, 8OW, 8PJ, 8QK, 88B, 8SP, 8UF, 8UP, 8VQ, 8XE, SXXE, 8YY, 8ZE, 8ZO, 8ZY.

9AAP, 9AAY, !\ABB, llACS, 9AEQ, 9AFD, 9AFN, 9AHH, 0AIY, 9AJP, 9AL, 9ALP. 9AMI, 9ANF, DANK. !iANM, llANQ, 8AOG, uAON, 9AOV, 9APS, 9APW, 9AQA, \!AQM, 9AQR, 9ARZ, liASE, 9ASF, llASU, l!ATN, l!ATX, 9AUL, HAVZ, 9AWM, 9AWW, PBCH, 9BCY, 9BDS, 9BEH, 9BEY. 9BHD, 9BIE, 9BIK, &BJ!. 9BJV, BBKU, 9BLT, 9BP, 9RQW, 9BRE, 9BRK, i•BRX, 9BSP, 9BUD, iiBVL, 9BVP, !!BXT, 9BZI, 9CA, ~CBS, 9CCM, 9CCV, 9C,TA, 9CKM, 9CMK, 9CUC, 9CVC, 9CXP, 9CXZ, 9DAG, !!DEF, 9DFB, 9DGE, 9DGN, 9DGQ, 9DGW. ODJM, 9DKY, 9DNH, (!DPE, liDTA, 9DXN, 9DWN, !lEI, OEP, 9EW, 9F'M, 9GK. 9GW .. 91IO, !JIG, 9II, 910, ~LE, 9LQ, 9LZ, 9NE, 9OX, 9PM, t.PT, llPW, 9QR, !!UC, 9US, 9UU, !IYAJ, 0YB, 9YW, !lZL, ~ZN, 9ZY. Canadian Stations: 3KO, 3XN, ,IBV.

For Complete Description Write for Bulletin No. U9-W

1JTriltrul wrlri1qnue auh wrlrgrapq O!n. BUFFALO, N. Y.

MANUFACTURERS OF STANDARD RADIO EQUIPMENT

KQV-Pittaburah, Pa.-RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS-Wuhinston, D.C.-WMU

STANDARD RADIO ESSENTIALS All orden with remittance promptly delivered, Poat er Exprese paid.

Large and varied stock of modern and reliable RADIO EQUIPMENT and PARTS

ALWAYS ln STOCK

IMMEDIATE DELIVERY on ALL ITEMS LISTED A.,dola Senior Westinghottlle Receiver., ••.• , ••• • $61S.OO De~'orest Radiohome Set DT '100, les• Batten .. ,

Bulbs and Headset ••••••••••••• , , • , , ••••• , 38.00 DeForest 2-stage Amplifier DT 800, leu Bullio and

Batteri"s •.. , , , ••.••• , . , . • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • . • SIS.N Slmpilex Variometers • , ••••••• , • , , , .•• , , , , , , , • GM King Amplltone Horns •.•• , •.••. , , ..•• , , , , • , , 12.80 Holtze1·-Oabot Headset , , .•••. , .•..• , • , ...•.... , 9.00 UV 200 Radiotron Detector Bulbs, •.•••• , •. , . . • l!l.00 UV 201 Rad.lotron Deteetor Bulba ........ , .. ,eaeh 8.SO Standard Roms 7" Bell •••.•••.. , •. , •••• , • oaeil 7.rlO :Standard Homa 6" Bell •..•••••.•.••••.• , ,each ilS.00

Stromi>...-s-Carl•- HK Horns .•••••••.•. , .••••.•••••...•..•• Heh 5.00 No. Z-A Headset, $7.111 Enclose Certified Che<:k or P.O. Mon•v Order with ordera.

DOUBLEDAY-HILL ELECTRIC CO .. WASHINGTON, D. C.-DEALERS WRITE FOR DlSCOUNT-PITISBURGH, PA.

GENUINE CUTI..ER-HAM­MER THERMOPLAX RHEOSTATS, wlll c.arry 1 % amps. All metal parts nickeled. Full guarantee 601 3" diaJ,s, tapered knobs, 30¢ Tapered awitch knobs, 1¼ radius, 30,t. ' AMERICAN RADIO MFG.

3 Saratoga A,•e~ Brooklyn, New York

RADIO CLUB PINS An iemblem ma.de t.u order for your Club wdlJ work ~•fonders­Write today for .free 52 page eat­alog ,,bowing radio emlems, clau rings and pin~. Samples loaned to officers~

MET AL ARTS CO., INC. 7753 South Ave., Rochester, N. Y,

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTlSERS

Radio is full of interest-fascinating. But you want only the clearest, fullest tones you can get. These are possible only with batteries that are absolutely RIGHT.

Get a Westinghouse Radio Power Set

and enjoy radio at its best. Set con­sists of a Westinghouse "A" Battery, two or more Westinghouse Radio "B" Batteries, a glass tray and a battery charger.

With this set you can always be sure of ample current and clear, strong re­production. You can also cut in with additional storage batteries and enjoy concerts from more distant broadcast­ing stations.

WESTINGHOUSE STORAGE BATTERIES are made in voltages and amperages suitable for all the popular size radio outfits. Radio dealers and more than 2200 Westinghouse Battery Service Stations have them for you.

Write us for illuatrated folder on "Weatinghouae Radio Storage Batteries"

WESTINGHOUSE UNION BATTERY CO., Swissvale, Pa.

TING RADIO "A:' "B" and "C"

BATTERIES ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 101

If your Dealer can't show the Cotoco Double Bayonet Slot Action, Make him write us today for

Dealer's Sample

Mc Tiglie Alkaline Storage "B" Battery FOR RADIO OUTFITS

The McTigh.e Storage "B'' Battery i• now furnuhed in two sizes, the original 22 volt and a new 28 volt battery, hav­ing 30% more plate capacity. McTighe Batteries are absolutely noiselesa, can be charged from any light 11ocket, and are proof against damage by short cir­cuit, overcharging or standing unused. They are furnuhed in oblong glass cue. which neat neatly, each with its own size. The McTighe Chemical Rectifier will charire one, two or three ''B" Batteries at one time. Our Combination Magnetic Rflctifier will charge II volt "A" Batteries or "B" Batteries up to 120 volta. 22 Volt Battery .. , ••••... , , ••. $5.00 28 Voit Battery •.... , ... , , • • • 6.00 Chemical Rectifier .•.... , • • • . • • 1.50 Magnetic Rectifier .. , ..•....••• 20.00

F, 0. B. Irwin, Pa.

ECONOMIC APPLIANCE CO. IRWIN, PENNA.

0. K. Y.ou will·

surely approve this

Better Tube Socket because our En-gineers have built into of excellence. Read

it five points them. 1·ou

Need them ALL.

l. Positive rlouble side grip contacts. The Bayonet siot enables this.

2. Hard rubber insulation assure!! a minimum o_f los.sef!~

3. Rugged construction. Practically unbreakable.

4. Compact rlesign permits doge "'"""mbly.

5, Heavily nickeled for neat appearance.

COTO-COIL CO .. 87 Willard Ave., Providence, R. I.

B A T T E R y

SILENT NILES

Pat. P<end,

G H A R G E ll

THE BATTERY CHARGER SUPREME Keeru~ :vn11r battery in llrimf!' eondition and your rei~eiving B':'.'T s1wttY8 in service by ebars­ing at home from d<wtric light soeket. AN ASSET •ro F:VERY l=tADIO BATTERY OWNER--PA YS FOR ITSELF.

Price, $17.50-$19.50 West of Rockies $24.50 Canada

Trade "NO AERIAL" RAD-O-PLUG

TAKES THE PLACE OF AN AE.RLU. .lperate• from any ,,ledrie light socket. Com• ,lete with fi ft. cord.

APPROVED BY NATIONAL BOARD OJ' Fl RF UNDERWRITERS

PRICE $2 00 Write for Cir,cu!an • Agencies Open

RADIO PRODUCTS CORPN. Manufacturers 8926 Clarendon Ave.,

Distributors Detroit, Mich.

102 ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISE.RS

Nationa1'1y advertised depend­able radio. Our stock includes such ,vell known makes as Amrad, Acme, General Radio. Fad-a. Grebe, Pace1it,--also Burgess ''B". batter­ies and Philadelphia storage bat­teries.

Fada vernier rheostats for su­per-delicate control of detector fil­ament current. Single contact lever. Moulded :insulation. $1.25.

Fada vernier rheostat attach-

ments, fitting any :rheostat with 8/16" 1'1haft, 50c.

F'ad.a Potentiometers, 200 ohms or 400 ohms, $1.00.

General Radio W.D.-11 amplify­ing units, $7.50; General Radio W.D.-11 sockets, 80c; W.D.-11 tu bes, $6.50.

Complete citocks. Everything new and up to date. You'll find everything ,vorth-while in radio here at "Radio Center."

Special attention to mail nrders. Pasonal service /.o Chicago customers.

1. TN'N . J) .. Ri\DICJ (~ 0 .IVI P J-\N:{ STANDARD NATIONALLY ADVERTISED

Phone Harrison 7293 H/\D IO F Q~UlP:t\/lE NT L L. Lynn, Pres.

Sixth C))oor Co r1.s u,rners l3 u.tlclz.n;rr '111 0 C . h c: - ' r, f . ' ri l '"~, ,JUUt .• ,Jto.te bt " __ , C l.tca

1~,o.

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 103

Patents Pendilllf

FREE : Illustrated Booklet on Radio fre­quency Amplification with circuit diagrams and operational char­acteristics.

BY LESTER L. JONES. Formerly Er,,pert Radw Aid, U.S.N.

TELOS VARIO-TRANSFORMERS for

Tuned Radio Frequency Amplification are

Grid circuit tuning variometers of the "'Felos" interleaved double D coil type coupled to a fixed plate eoil in such manner as to increase trans­former coupling on the longer waves.

TELOS V ARIO-'rRANSFORMERS tune and amplify between 160 and 480 meters with more amplification per stage than the best audio and with no distortion of tone.

TE LOS VARIO-TRANSFORMERS ha v e elosed magnetic circuits and ean be symmetri­cally mounted next to each other with no local oscillations due t,, magnetic coupling. The automatic change in coupling minimizes local oscillations due to tube capacity. Grounding the metal spider frame eliminates hand capa-city disturbances. 1

A tuned radio :frequency amplifier using TE LOS VARIO-TRANSFORMERS will great­ly increase the range and selectivity of any receiver.

SPECIFICATIONS: All TELOS

types require space 5""5" hack Depth back Wave lengi:h

TYPE TM Vario-transformer '.rA6 Vario-transformer

of panel Ran,r;e 3%" l60-480m. 4" 200-750m.

M Variometer A6 Varlometer

3\'4," l30-460m.. 3%" 180-730m.

SffiPPED DIRECT ON RECEIPT Oli' OROI;;R

Kindly give your dea.lera '"""''. DANZIGER-JONES, Inc.

143A PRINCE STREET (Sole Licensees) NEW YORK, N. Y.

Stops Iuterference/ •f'..et that elusive DX station thru heavy QRM. With -the "WA VE TRAP" you can do it and greatly in-

It is installed in a minute by changing only one i..'!Onnection and is indispensable on any Teeeiving ae~ with any type of antenna. It is mounted on a For­mica pan,.J in a handsome mahogany finished cabinet 6x5x6, and is a high-grade instrument throughout.

Get the Be•t !

Radio Amateur's

Handbook BY A. FREDERICK COLLINS

Inventor of the Wirele11s Tefophone

403 pages, 140 illustrations

"Scientifically reliable, clear as crys­tal."

·--,TOURNAL OF EDUCATION.

Second Printing R«viaed and Enlarged Net $1.50, By Mail $1.60

THOMAS Y. CROWELL CO. NEW YORK

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

II w

Rl'uiii, f·.-.-quency Trr<nsformel' '-5!:!9.

' Tube Soc,k<'>t. 501!

'ih.:.."'1:;;hl., Ah· C'(m<l<:'ns-,r ll 1<) 4aPhxt~$3,f,;Frn$4:~~

Better Radio Results at Lower Costs

TH_E results o. btained _from a11y, r11d.io ont­tit~11,,me made ut· J:actory hmlt-depend iargdy •)n the units employed. ('heaply

,:-onstructed (•!eetrfral r,pparatus can,wt ;rivP b,•st results.

After twelve successful years building: eiectri­,.-at units the Briggs ,'Ji, Stratton Company have w,4uired an invaiuable knowledge 1.f dectricai design which now expresses itself in the ,-,,n­btruction iin<! ,gorkm-anship ,-,f ev"'ry unit in the Ba"''-'') line nf radio equipment.

··t:iotte1· Rad10 R,,;.u[ts at Lower C,:,;;t" ti?lis hrierly what these many years o:f experience mean to you. lnsure rourself against failurP --insure top-notch re:-ults by building your ou~~t ••i\, H foundation r~f real t\s:mlt-gettini;,: ramo umi;s---the Haseo Lme.

InBiBL i)n Fhtst•.) r,arts-•~ask vnur dealer for thPm. if he <::att'f supply you: writP us direct :F11:I ,Yf' ,Yill :-'ee that your ,,rder is promptly filled.

t•;i:':-4i()p:,,. articles tthown t-tnri liRtPrl here, ,·:t.•

:,1 .. r, rnrli<f' -v,itches. t:~.onutct polnTs, ...;l.ur_,

~"--:-•~•~. bh1riin~ f'""'-t;,;, ,1nrl be~t:h•.

Jobbers and deaier11! Write for free catalog and details of' our attractive selling proposition.

BASCO Radio Frequencv 1'ransfo;"'m?.r. f.lffil"ient over \V}'V"" ••~nri for (}O to -1}(10 rneters \\'1th «!l ~t.anrtard tuhes. Emplo;,.· non~t·Hp»,.:!ty \\ inctin~--·-<louble :~ilk covereil .,dre~ ,,,., (~narnPl. Maximum tr;.i,nsft?l" of r-nPrP:"'-'. ·,•tind,rgs encai:tetl ln tlbre. Mountings Hnrl hindi~si- po~t~ l-- _ 1 v!:'r plate<i, Li::;t .Price .. , •.... $5.00 BASCO Radio Ileee_iver~. ;-t,11per.::..r•11:-dtivP-naturai \'uice Ditch-nn -.-,·,'Bt<'l--,•ine-. Light 7:•_>h!ht .;;;.!uminum i:•tt:--~o.Iid ho1•~,, ,., hot': fYPP ,rni~·net-n,_, tHminationR. niauhrR.~tn ,.:..,;,.t. i'n thm.1sxndths-<,f-an-ineh a .... ,euracy from ma~nt:"t. r,c !et-. (".Jear, eut. ,_•ug-~Prl rh=:i,;:,i~n. C,Jm­r01·tahlP on PH.t"~, '.:Ono Rnri xouo oh1ns. H~t $6.00 and $7.50 ,-.~;:.:pP('t-ivPly,

J3ASCO Vernier and Plain Rheostats. Vr,rniPr H.rijusta to ... 1/150 of an ohm. None bt:"ttPr for d~te,:-tor. Smooth. poi:-itivi:; ,~{mtact ~,lwayg, One hn1~ ,,nly for 1:.,,-,_nei lt1stalJ:1t1nn. Coil~ rhd<llv inset, in .heat-r@~istin~ fihre-·­no· tihiftln.,z -pnsMihlt:~- 'MPtai part-g h~aviJy ~,iek~lerl. !_,l~t- price-Ve!·nier RhPoi'-TfH.-$1.ZS. Plain Rht;>n..,.f.at 85(' f!A~CO Crystal Detector Set. Con-1plete for instant hook-up rn n,::,r-fa i. g-routHi «ntl nhon"'t,<., No bH u.~rie:s. ;-;t{nple .1.:rud -,t.urrly. OnP ..-j]Rj to tt.,Uust. ,'St.~nsitil;e te-.;t,p,rj (:rv-.stal ':'11dn~~d in giR!'.:,.-1, ;•\irnpie (:at .. whi~ker f--'•i.iusrmf;'>·in:.. MRximum cry!';ta!-sl:"t r;:._np:t=-. MPtfli -part.~ :..,)Hd bra8:-:;~ i3akelitp ,, ... nmflosiduu _m:1.nt"L !Vhtbovan)--f!ni~hPrl ('a.hint!L .-,".-.~,P~".:.:Gt', lih:it ·price., •... $12.00 BASCO t 1 to 43 Plate Ah· Condensers. ;:')r,urct:r­,.<nmnact. H~avy· plates, R<'(•urateiv :,,,O&.('.t:>d-no t!hance ,·,i ioul:'hini;r. Tv.rv 61..'revv hole~ --i\lr· e;-p:.y mountimz. \Yithout d{al, list. pr-i.rrs: · 4,3 plate ..... , , ... $4.25 ·,t 7 t>late .. _ .. , , , . $:'.t60 ~=!a, plate .... , , ..... 3/;"5 I 1 plate .... , • . . . . ::~.45 BASCO Tube Socket. Mlai:-k oxidized ,uhP holder. Rake­litP ha-+e, Sn·on~-P:ood lookinll'. ~~ur~-1!,Jl!t::t~t .:.prinu;~. ~\licke!erl binding- po;;:t.::., .-\n P--<Cf'Ptiona\ hny ,;1,t 50¢ BASCO Moulded Comno~tlion Dial. i ~rHdoated ). 1"<i"1"'

::tnd 100 <liY1~iont{, :{ ·111ches diametel'. 1 1<1 inch knob. Hivh lwd r-e hh:1.f:"k---··\vhitf' inlairl ti,zures. .\ . .-.:eurar.Plv tr1_ltc-d bras:-; l,ushing- f0r 1·t ~inch sil'aft. l,ii,.t, price -5()~

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 105

-

~ ~­

(~l(~ ... \ ---Look At This Little Transformer!

-A GIANT FOR WORK-_ ... _)

Strengthens Weak Signals.! Brings in Distant Station,,! An Audio or Radio Frequency Amplifying Transformer-regular Tom Thumbs in size but Giants for work. That's the Sterling. For pure amplification, reducing distortion and increasing your range, make sure you ask your dealer for the STERLING. Size 1½" by 2" by 2%H. ,

Radio Frequency Amp!ilfylnir Transformers

OPERATE ON ANY

WAVE LENGTH

Ltat Price $5,00 Tracie Discount• on

application

0 11"'.-..t. ~Jlfef llflllUIZ(

AMPLIFYING TitANSFORMERS mean success to your ~

radio reeeivlnir Other STERLING Radio Product.a

Portable Recti.iiera - Ji'ilament R}u1oat11ta - Filament Meters -- Pocket Voltmet'"1" - F'if.a,ment Meters -- Pocket "l''oltmetera

~and increaRing fast.

THE STERLING MANUFACTURING CO. 2845 Prospect Ave., Cleveland, O.

Audio Frequency Amplifying Tranafonnera MAGNETIC CIR­CUIT OF CLOSED CORE PERMEA­BILITY SHELL

TYPE STRAY FIELDS

REDUCED Uat Price $4.00

Trade Dlacounta <111 application

Awkward Binding Posts Used and Recommend'ed by the Largest Radio Concerns

are immediately changed to convenient jack equipment by the Pacent Duojack. It also provides for connection of two sets of phon<'B or a head set and loud speaker.

PRICE, $1.50 Other PACENT Plug and J Bek devices, which will !n­ereue the pleasure of oper­r,4ting your equipment, are the PACENT Universal Plug, PACENT Multijack, P ACENT Twinadapter and PACENT Jacks.

Don't Improvise "PACENTIZE"

Write for Descriptive Rulletina, QI

PACENT ELECTRIC COMPANY INCORPORATED

Executive Offices: 22 Park Place, New York, N. Y.

BRANCH OFFICES

Philadelphia • Washington, D.C_ St. Louis Minneapolis Chicago San Francisco

Ca,uuli<in & British Licemeea, Colonial Radio, Ltd. R'!!mlltnn, C,rn.

BUY IT IN CARTONS

106 ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

HEJ~E'S A PAIR OF WINNERS

THE WIMCO CONDENSER

Made to meet a demand for quality - highest efficiency, 3 plate, 23 plate and 43 plate sizes.

Very low resistance and very low zero capacity. The phase angle does not depart from 90° suffi­ciently far to 1be detectable. High­ly recommended for the fine tun­ing necessary in amateur appar­atus.

THE CARCO COUPLER.

Just the thing for the popular re­ceiving set. Bakelite tube and rotor, silk covered wire, perfect contacts. Designed and developed by an amateur for the amateur.

Guaranteed to produce superior results. Range 150 to 700 meters. Not just "a coupler" but the real coupler-peer of all, the Carco.

We invite Dealer and Jobber inquiries.

Send for literature and prices on the

WIMCO SOCKET FOR WD-11 TUBES

THIE WIRELESS MANUFACTURING CO. CANTON, OHIO

Manufacturers-Distributors

ALWAYS M~NTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 107

THE AMATEUR TRANSATLANTIC TESTS SHOW (At the Time This Adv. ,vas Written)

That More Operators Succeeded in Getting Across With "ESCO" MOTOR-GENERA TORS

THAN WITH ALL OTHER MAKES COMBINED 8BSS Cazenovia first to be heard in Switzerland-Same Station SAQO heard in England-France-­Switzerland first 8 Nights. lBGF, Hartford, firat to be reported back.--Very many othera m,ade, r~markable !iEie~ords with our apparatus.

This is a Special Four Unit Set for the largest broadcasting 51:ation in eKistence. A 10 H.P. 2Z0 V. 1HO cyd,e, 3 phase motor-·--•Two 1000 V. 2000 \V. Generators de~igned- to operate in ~~.i:"hfi-, thus prp .. ducin" '.2000 V. 4000 W. and on" 12 V. ;:WOO \V. Filament Current Generator.

s·"'~-idr,-: m.;,kinf{ ~;1anda:rrl outfits in over 200 combinations, v,;r,; are 1::onstantly d'i"vi::-Jopin~ :!pecial apparatus for· special purposes.

H"TTERY CHARGING MOTOR-GENERATORS IN MANY SIZES MOTORS---DYN AMOTORS--GENERATORS-MOTOR-GENERA TORS

ELECTRIC SPECIAL TY CO~ 1

215 SOUTH STREET, STAMFORD, CONN.; U.S.A. I cr-'J,"li ~v PRI~CIPAI., DEALERS EVERYWHERE

......... ~- _ _;;;;_,.;._;_.....;;;;;;==;;;;;;..;;.;;;;;;;:;;=====;;;;;;;,J,

108

P .. t\NEL SERVICE \li/ e off er to the amateur and

, dealer REAL PANEL SERVICE

Our panels are eut to ;vour order. ()nlv ::tenuine Conden­site and .B'm:rnica used.

, 1/8" mper square inch $0.02 16'' per square inch .02i 2

1 / 4" per square inch .03· \XTe a· ··t"o ··a· r·1·v ,. 1·•(n11plP,..P linP .'Y . ;:, C . , d . .. . -L~ ..... -

-I of radio essentials. Dealers 1 will find it profitable to have

our latest price list and dis­count sheet.

PITTSBURGH RADIO AND

APPLIANCE CO.. Inc. "Pittsburgh's Radio Shop"

Desk B 112 Diamond St., Pittsburgh, Pa.

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

L. ' 1s1ten. Dictograph Announcing A Sensational Reduction

Big news for all radio enthusia~ts. The price (!f 'the Dictograph---the ,:upreme radio headset---has dropped $4, a clean third oft.he re_e:ular• !'nee. The world's be:st headset is now within t'ZH-r-:,•h0dy's reach. Intensive production rn meet the enorn1ou:; demand has effected J.

;:reat manufacturinv ecunornv. \Ve :1.re :illowinl! vou the :ca ,·inv. Take atfrantave ,if d1is wund~rful opportunity to ~a,:e ;-(;4 on the hest headset in the world.

'rhis [,, t.hf, same ;,upreme Llietograph Headset that has always ~uld for :H2---:,;ame in quality, :"Rme in guarantee, ,;ame in everything hut the pl'ic,~*8 ,·omplete. Made by the makers "f the world ~.Landarct Dictog:raph product;;-the mar­\;,lous "Acou:-;ticon" r.,r the Deaf, the famous L1etectiv" Dictograph, the Liictograph ;~,vstcm ,,f Luud Speaking TPIPphones and the Dicto­vrnph lfadio Loud Speaker for the Home. Type R-1, ;;,000 ohm,;, for o//·t.ypes of receiving "ets. C.1mplete with :i-ft. ,:1,rd. If your dealer i,; sold out, order dired .from us. [mmediate deliw•ty.

The Standard of the lVorld

Dealers: Order through your jobber 01· write direct for name~ uf author­ized distributors.

Dic1·0GRAPH PRODUCTS COR.PORATION 220 WEST 42nd STREET, Suite 1304 NE\.V YORK CITY

Branchea in all Principal Cities.

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 109

PAT. APPLIED FOR

PRICE COMPLETE WITH DIAL

$5.50 SEND FOR BULLETIN NO. 2

MFG. BY

AT LAST! A VARIO METER WITH A REAL VER­NIER. THE GEARED CONTROL - 7 TO 1 RATIO-MAKES CLOSE TUNING EASY. SIMPLE TO INSTALL-NO EXTRA H O LE S rro DRILL - NO EXTRA K N O B S ON YOUR PANEL.

CLARION RADIO SHOP POUGHKEEPSIE, N. Y.

BIG PROFITS IN R. T. S. EQUIPMENT

R~ T. S. l!lt1uipment converts the one-time buyer Into a prolltable, permanent customer. By hand­ling R. •r. S. Standard and Special Equipment you ,,an fill .. very demand promptly, with satisfaction to your customer and profit to yourself.

'rhe R. T. S. Condenser, ahown here, is proving unusually popular. They make the tubes per­form properly, cut out 0 howling/' and t:!.lear up phone speech. Furnished <'Omp!ete with mount­ings, ready for connection.

RADIO TI.STING STA. Grid Condenser RT S Cap~city

Bin11hnmton, H. Y. .0005 MF

Made in three capacities, price• to retail trade

~~1~01

i.:,"d~nser .0005 MF, , ..... , ... , , , 30, each Grid Condenser & Leak, Combined,, . , .. , 45¢ each Phone Condenser .0013 MF. , ......... , 30¢ each

R. T. S. CORD TIP JACK ...---. Thi• R. T. S. Cord Tip ;rack

~ • .. :::y~"'' • ..• ,

1

. I eads t_he .w~y i~ quality, aerv}ce ~k l!M nnd price. Constructed of apnng

[ l, phosphor bronze, highly nickeled.

A, wiping spring contact ineurei:; u dean~ po8itive contact at all times. Where others sell from Sl.00 to $2.50, this R. T. S.

A Cord Tip J°aek ~ Retails at, .. , .... per pair, 50¢

Jobbers and Dealers, Send Today for NEW Whole­•ale catalog, with scale of price• ""d discounts to recognized trade.

RADIO TESTING STATION Dept. Q-1, 25 Sturgis Street

Binghamton, New York

Na-ald W.D,-11

It'• the contact that counts The special phO•Phor bronze eiips r,f the Na-aid W. D. .! l Socket maintain perfect contact regardless of any variation in tuhe prongs and basese

Moulded from genuine Couden­,,ite, these sockets are made for use with the famous W. D, 11 iubes, operated hy a single cell battery.

The Na-aid De Luxe V. T. Socket ls of highest quality throughout, Its laminated pho•­nhor ·bronze strips ure•g. firmly \\~ith a Bide witu~ action on the (•ontact pins~ kr.-eping aurface elean and insuring perfect con­tact.

These sockets retail

at 75c each Se-nd ~tamp for .. Ual, ~mall

gpace aocket, l!ondenser and R. F. Transformer circularl!i.

•

ALDEN-NAPIER CO. Dept. M 52 Willow Street

Sprinlffield, MaH. .

Na-aid :e Luxe ~ 110 ALWAYS MENTION Q S T WHEN WRIT(NG TO ADVERTISERS

To meet the demand of radio manu­fa:cturers for a dependable coil to operate with standard types of raflio receiving equipment, The Acme Wire Co. has designed the

Coil for Audio Acine F'requency T ransfor01ers

These c,oils are made in the plant of The Acme Wire Co. of Acme Wire, and eVE?ry operation conforms to the Acme Standards of excellence.

Specification• Turn Ratio 3.5:1

Resistance Direct current resiatanee of Primary 1090 ohms at 68 °F. Direct current resistance of Secondary 5670 ohms a.t 68 • F.

on each side for mechanical protection. One thick­ness of .00076" Glassine Paper between layers.

Finished 0. D. l ---1~" ± .. ,', ".

Core Tube U·" I.D. x l u long x il~" thick eonBisting of 4 .. hickneKses of .005" Moleskin Pa.per.

Primary Winding :isoo turns <>i No. 40 (.0031) J<Jnamelite Wire. Length of ¼ inding ;4" allowing ~S" paper pro .. jectlon on each side !or mechanical protection. One thickness of ,00076" Glassine Paper between layers.

Secondary Winding Secondary Winding is separated from Primary

Winding by :\ thicknesses of .006" Moleskin Paper. 18,800 turns of No. 40 (.0081) Enamelite Wire. Length of winding ¾" allowing ¼" paper projection

Leads Both Primary and Secondary leads are 16 strands of No. 38 bare eopper wire otranded together and eovered with one wrapping of Green silk. Leads project :-1" from eoil. Leads brought out in such a position that coil ,ean be assembled In laminated steel V<"ry easily. Leads brought out on oppo•ite sides of coll.

Impregnation Coil impregnated under va.euum process in a eom-­pound eon1;isting of beeswax and rosin.

Finish Coil covered with Black pebbled bookbinder's cloth.

Teats All coils tested for resistance and breakdown be­tween layers.

CoJ-nplete information as to p·rices, terms, a,,nd •µr,uluction on reque:,t.

THE ACME WIRE CO., New Haven, Conn. NEW YORK CLEVELAND CHICAGO

AcmeWire '' ,, It goes in tlze space

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 111

• I

lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllilillil/llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll!lllllllllli

. Trrt.if.P .'tfrrrk u.,,oisterrrl

GREBE distrihutors iii Eastern Pennsylvania,

SoutheTn New .Jersey, Delaware and Maryland. The Famous Grebe Reeeiver·s are renowned for their sensitivity and expert workman:-hip .

Hnre !loit-r dealer ord<'r /,·Mn 1!H (or immediate .Shipment.

PHILADELPHIA WIRELESS SALES CORPORATION

1533 PINE STREET, WHOLESALE DEPT.

1326 ARCH ST., PHILADELPHIA RETAIL DEPT

illillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll!llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll!llllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllf/!!llllllllllllllllllllllllllliiiillllilllllllllllll

·1

:I

:I

I

I

---------·-·-- -----·-· -·

Kellogg Radio Equipment 1 For Better Results I

The Kellogg Variouieter The stator and rotor are of Kelloi.tl! Hakeiite. wirh properly proportioned windings of wdl insulated copper wire.

Twr.-terminals an, provided for the r..tor and three for the stator, per• mittin!! the v,1riumeter to be used in ,ill known variometer circuits.

Kellogit rnriometers have no slid­i n,t <-ontact~: nothinR to ,vear or "sloort." A, ,pring take..~ up all plav and allows the roror to turn with ~ -;n1ooth t'Ven n1ndon. - ~

No. 501 ... ,, ......... Each $KOO

l!:tELLOGG SWITCHBOARD 8 SUPPl,Y COMPANY ,

MAL

TRANSFORMERS AUDIO FREQUENCY

RADIO FREQUENCY

MODULATION

25 "\V att Filament Heating

MFD. BY

Marie Engineering Co. ORANGE .. N. J.

112 ALWAY~ MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERT!SERS

Talk No. 1.

V"'O~T don't have to fuss and. cu-~s eve1y l time you tune up the evenmg s Radio

recreation-ur have e\'erv (,ther number ,>11 yuur program snund like ,i ,,election from Inter Facnct?.

\luch uf this "interference" i» due to ap­paratus incorrectly. ignorantly, ur carelessly manufactured. Do vour best un assembling ;;uch parts. or mani.pulating ,rnch :;ets-you never can ~•et ,,.atisfaction.

Hut with SIGNAL eyuiprnent-·•ah. that's different! (lur [olks have been making wireless apparatus for uver thirty years. :den here have vrown ~~ray in our service. They take nld-time pride· in seeing that nothing but the best in 1i1aterials. wnrkmc1n­_.;hip. :'.nd tinish leaves the SIGNAL plant.

ft i;; made right. 1 t looks right. It works right. lf vnu insist on SIG:'\TAL when vou'r,· buvirnz . l{aJio equipment-v<•u will° l,uv H:;dio ~,-ttisfacrion. · · · ·

Factory and General Offices:

SIGNAL Tube Base for WD-11 Tubes

Adapte<i t\,r huildinJr re~ (:eivin~ ~ets 1tRinR" a ~.ing-le flry cell for filament. Pxcitation. HnP~ aw~ y with the trouble­r,-ome H vuit :-.to1·age battery hut retains the efnriency of the- f.l volt tube. Le~s in­~ulated for table mounting; ~et't"W provided for pane! mounting.

SIGNAL Ve1·nier Rheo15tat ThP ttr~r r:.1wc-<t"~!,1,fttl verniet

q,.:.iof}' fl :-.ing·le knob f0r •••.•ntrnl. Fine :cidJu~tment i~ ~t'!,'-iiy nh­taim--'d. ~;hmpiP in dP~iy:n &Hd ...lturcty in pon~trnctiou. t'\n•­nh.ihf'd \\·ith nl' \•,·ithout knorl ,-nid v,:.,iuter •. -o dia.i to matr-h 111.hP.rs ot' ,.:e;-11 n1~y hr, ,p,u-->ri,

I.Hlfi:i) 1915 Broadway, Menominee, Mich. Atlanta Cleveland New York St. Louis I. ·-- --- -- -·- --- - -- - -

· Information Coupon . Boston Minneapolis Pittsburgh Toronto Chicago Montreal San Francisco I Signal Electric Mfg. Co.

I ,915 Broadway, Menominee, Mich. hra»~h olhce~ '" 1he Telephone Plea~e 3fl1d catalo.0 ' anr! bullctirn.,- 0•1'vin"' .. Directory t

1 ,-., ~ "" ---------------™™= •"ornpiete iuformation ahnut SIGNAL

Radio <"quipment to name ancl address written in marg·in.

,,LWAYS MENTION (1ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVER'I"ISER~--- _____________ _

RADIO "A" & "B" STORAGE BATTERIES ~~~g~~ FOR A FEW CENTS, FROM ANY 100 to 130 F-F RAD(Q RECTJFJER Volt 60 Cycle LAMP SOCKET, WITH AN It Charges All 6 Volt RADIO "A" & AUTO Batteries; & RADIO "B" Storage Batteriea Up tol20 Volts,InSeries,Inductively. DisconnectingUnnecessary. NothingToSlopOver, Burn Out,orCause'frouble. ItChargesAutomatically.OperatingUnattended.IT WILL CHARGE A DEAD BATTERY. Leave Battery Wherever itis, Without Even Disconnectingit;ScrewPlugin Lamp Socket, Snap Clips on Battery Terminals; Turn Switch & Battery will be charged in the morning. Is it not gratifying to feel that Your Radio Batteries will never fail & You are always Ready to Receive RADIOPHONE Broadcast Music, Sermons & News; never hav­ing to be careful of or to tell Friends Your Batteries are dead? 1'..,-F BATTERY BOOSTERS TheyAlso _,,.-===--, are Complete Compact Self Contained Portably Handy Full Charge Wave Automatic Magnetic Rectifying Charging Units, for

8~~les 100 to130 Volt 60 Cycle A.C. Also For Other Cycles. No overnight Skill is Required. INFUSIBLE Carbon Rectifying Brushe• RluhtJ;R Maintain Uninterrupted Service. Thev Save More Than your They Cost & Last Lifetime. POPULAR PRICES S 20 Type6for6Volt"A"Battery,Chargingat6Amperea $11

TypeBChargeaRadio"B''BatterieaUpto 120Volta $11 Type ''A-B" Combination Radio Rectifier for Charging 6 Volt "A" & Auto Storage Batteries & Up to 120 Volta of "B" Storage Battery in Series $20 Type12for12VoltBattery,Chargingat 5 Amper!!I $11 Typel66for6VoltBattery ,Chargingatl 2Amperea $20 Type 1612 Charges 12 volt Battery at 7 amperes $20

Combination. Typel626iaaComhinationOfBothTypel66&1612 $28 EventuallyYouWilJBuyAn]i'.F RECTIFIER. WhyNotNow? The Sooner You Buy it; 'fHE MORE YOU SAVE.

1 All Types But"B" <iharire Auto Batteries. The Larger TYPES are fo.r heavy Batteries, or lVhere Time ia limited. Shipping Weights Complete with AMMETER & BATTERY CLIPS 11 to 15 lbs. Purchase from Dealer. or Mail Cheek for Prompt Shipment. If via Parcel Post add Postage & lnsuranei, Charge•. Or have us ahip C.O.D Other F'-F Battery Boosters eharge Batteries from Parm Lighting Plants & D.O. Circuits & FOT GROUP CHARGING use our 12 Battery 8 Ampere l<'ull Wave .:\.utomatieROTARY R.,.,tiftP.r described in FREE Bulletin No. l!IA. ORDER Now or WRITE Immediately for FREE BOOSTER BULLETIN No. lit.

THE FRANCE MANUFACTURING COMPANY CLE$iii:1W 'o~&ur,.s.A. CanadiRn fli•trihutor: 'T'Hlll ,TACK V. 'F1LLIOT ('0Ml>ANY. HAMILTON. ONTARIO.'CANADA.

Here\, •.i.n audio amplifying transformer with­uut anv frills or fancy ftnisheM-Just solid honest value •• The PffR-A-F'ORMER la compact ,md ~3trongi,_v huilt--ampiifie.s without howl 1)1'" diEt: tortion. Take9 minimum spal:'e in your set ana will produce results equal to many seJling at

flouble the price. Winding ratio 4½ to 1. B"Y thllm at ull good rlPo.i.ers.

HARRY ALTER & CO. We Sell Wholesale Only

126 NO. MAY STREET, CHICAGO, ILL.

DEALERS ONLY-Write for Harry Alter'• RADIO "POCKET­

BOOK." A net price c.atalow; of radio supplies published each month. Our wholesale prices hit bottom. The RADIO "POCKETBOOK" sent free to deal.era only, Use your letterhead.

HARRY ALTER & CO. 126 No. May Street, Chicago

We Sc•ll Wholesale Qnly

AUDIO FREQUENCY AMPLIFIER

'MOUNTED TYPE M Silicon Steel Cotti,: Shell .Dei:tign-Bakelite Ter­minal BoRrd; Ratio-"(! to !. : Insulation teats 1500 Volts. Mounted 'fype M-$5.00

Semi Mounted Type SM-$4.50 Unmounted Type UM--$4.00

Di~r.nunt i O o/o for caK h with order

Desiµ-,wd by J~~1Z:d;,. Eingiueer'i<­

A quality Name hi Radir. THE STANDARD TRANSFORMER CO.

Warren, Ohio

114 ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING 1·0 ADVERTISERS

Patent Pending

ClJRl<OIDS What They Are

C.urkoids are inductances wound in the form of curi:ate epitro­choids.

This form of winding does result in minimum distributed capacity and maximum concentration of the valu­able inductance. Curkoid Couplers are triple mounts so designed that the coupling move­ment is parallel with the common center of the coils, this movement be­ing in low ratio to the manual opera­tion of the dial, giving micrometer adjustment of the mutual inductive :fields.

This slow parallel movement in the coupling, in combination with ,en-: tirely '"loose" coupling, results in the utmost selectivity in tuning. With "loose" coupling by Curkoid Parallel Inductance, maximum vol­ume and distortionless tone in broadcast reception are obtained, while with "tight" coupling, spark reception of maximum intensity is accom-· plished. Long distance stations are selected with signal strength at maximum. Coils 50K, 75K and 100K received on 150 to 1000 meter wave lengths and have ranged from 2500 to 3000 miles.

REMEMBER Parallel Inductance - Distributed Capacity + Super-Inductance= Utmost Selectivity

.. Special Offer to Q. S. T. Readers TO introduce to Amateur Radio Fans 11elective ftminl( with parallel inductance, we

offer to QST readers Curkoid Coupler and Curkoids No. SOK, 75K and 100K at •

Special Introductory Price of $6.00 PRICE LIST

COUPLER . . . . . ............... , , ..... $6.00

No. 20K ..... , .. :~U.!O Nn. 25K'. . . . . . . . 1.25 No. 35K ........ !.:35 No. 50K ..... , .. 1.50 No. 75K ........ l.i:iO No. 100K ....... I.70 Nn.150.K ....... 1.80 No. :JOOK ....... l.90

Curkoids No. 250K ....... $2.10 No. ;JOOK ....... ;J.20 S!o. 400K. . . . . . . :U:O No. 500K ....... 2.50, No. iWOK ....... 2.70 No.750K ....... ::LOO No. lOOOK. . . . . . :l.!30 1'.l!o. 1250K .... ,, :1.75 No. 1500K. . . . . . ol.25

Order your Curkoid System todayi the sys­tem that permits the clear reception of dis­tant stations and the ability to hold them, audible and strong, without interference.

Curkoid Crn.q_,ler P:nenrs Pending.

RIEGER RESEARCH CORPORATION 112 West 44th Street, ALWAYS MENTION Q S T WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

New York, N. Y. 115

• I

- -QUALITY AND EFFICIENCY

VERNIER CONDENSER WITH SINGLE KNOB CONTROL Especially Adapted to the NPw Armstrong Super .. Rege-nerative Circuits in which Variable Con­densers play an important pa.rt and in which fine adjustments are Absolutely Esseutial.

VERNIER B-1 .001015 MFD. $7.50 B-2 .000545 MFD. $7 .00 B-3 .000295 MFD. $6.50

Constructed With the Same High Standard of Quality in Materials. \Vorkmanship ,md DP-sign as Our Regular Varia­bfo.

·--MANUFACTURED BY---

THE C,. D. POTTER CO.,

-

!';FFICIENCY

'\Vrite {or MAXEFF Cir• culars illus-tratinst our Cnmulete line of .RAD IO EQUIPMENT 1,

MAXEFF VACUUM TUBE SOCKET

..\ ru.itgedly (' 1 )/lhtructed -v.T, So1:ket Hdaptable tn all t-:-tandard VH•.'.tni.l'n Tube-., H1t~f-' nnd fp(•i. 1-l.Y't::> eut ( not molded) from i:..olid in~uiation .:;.htter. in~11rit1~ thPm p,,g-ain~t breakav.e f;_-nm hf-Rt p:,,,; ... l-)linsinn or lrnnrllinit. Hf'RYY polii--h~<i ,qh_1minnm t1'.1bing ts :-'+·1:u rt:-'iy p.res.Sf:"•l into h~!-\f> .~ n<l d,1nhl~ k.-.,ye~L Maxeff. 0odn;:t;;:. JZive µerii:"et conL.ai:t :.;.mJ practi ... eally t:diminate (''.•ntR'-'t'· noi"f>~.

Price $1. THE HIGGY-AVERY CO.

Manufacturers 1199-1205 Franklin ftw.,,. Columbus, Ohio

NEW MODEL. Improved C(1nstruction a.nd [)p,u,n~ Gives Maximum Riaiditv. 'I'hus fnsuring PermftnenCe of Alignment and High Effi­t~ient~Y in Operation.

REGULAR A-1 .001 MFD. $4.50 A-2 .ooc,s MFD. $4.00 A-3 .00025 MFD. $3.50 A-4 .000045 MFD. $3.00

Ask your Dealer m· \Vrite for Cir<,ular.

Jobber,, and Dealers \Vrite for Proposition..

lncrP-ase 'l'our S.~Jes~

Stamford, Connecticut

-A good article is always imitated!

Be sure you receive the

FRESHMAN Variable Grid Leak and Micon

Condenser Combined

Price only $1.00 3 Points to Remember

1.. lt iR hermetic-ally Fenierl in a rn,rnid to pren;nt moisture from afferting the grid re~d:stanct.:. ·

2. lt has an unbroken range from zero to f.i megohms, allowing proper adjustment fur maximum effieiency of detector.

:;. It eontairrn a t.ested Miron Condenser of .00025 M. F.

At :,;0ur dea!~r!:l---o:itherwi~.-_. •::~~nd nurcha~P prkt and You \.ViH be :--.ui,plied without further char~e­

Man11fa(•t11rt)rt hy

CHAS. FRESHMAN CO., Inc. 97 B"ekman Strer,t, NEW YORK CITY

116 ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

Why Formica II

IS Preferred Insulation S.:\LES of Formica for radio insulation exceed those llf anv uther material be­

caust, Formica has yualities. that radio engineers as. well as· amateurs 1·alue very highly.

Formica paneis are incomparable in appearance. 'The splendid g:loss finish is per­fed. It can be converted into a satin finish equally fine. Formica has the highest and mo~t uniform dielectric strength-and that •nrength i, permanent. It does not acquire water cuntent either bv internal chemical action ,,1 ;1bsorption. After a year·· or two_ ,,f use is when th·e Formica panel is mu~t appreciated. Formica is remarkably uniform in its qualitie~. Y,n1 can count on its performance with ci:rtainty. Formica i:; approved by the Navy and the Sivnat Corps and has been ,·ertitied hy the \Jnited States Bure,111 uf Srandards. l:-:ut it holds its dominating 1-•u~irion by ,.-irtue of the preference uf :ictive radio men <'\ crywhere-Lu ,rh amateur and protessional. fnrmica is now available t::\'e1·vwher, f'"r quick deliverv. There i~ no r;•1Jsi:,n to use materiais in which you haYe it•ss c,,nlidcnce. ·

i)c>r,!ns: Ir hen ::'Ji! str,c/4.• Formiu; yuu pro/ii. by the impr,i'l(.lhi. ah•zir.r1-isin?, (_·1.ncl saJ~.r: (iJ-t:J/>t>rariou t i'1a1 ':c.r ha·o1: urran,f!./:'tt' t(Jr dt"r..der.f,

THE FORl\lIC_\ Lt\JSLL\TION COMPANY . .j.lJZU Spring i3rn1·e ,\ Ye ..

Cincinnati. Uhio

8.-H,BS /!r'FICBS :,o Churc.:h ~')L.. New Yt.•1·k, N.Y. 1:.~10 A.rch St.. Philadelphia, f-'sct. -i:.:~ .Fir::H, A Vt'.. f'jtt:,bu.r~h. Pa. •PS Ohio 13Jdg., Toledo, llhio. '. 1 :·½ • .:.ilinto11 ;St,,, Chic::i.v,o. Ill. l.04:! <;ranitP Kldg.~ Roehe1;;tcr, N.Y~

Shf'lrfnn f-Hrlr--~ ;-inn I•'ranciBcu. C;-d. VVhitney c~1,tral Bldg.~ NPw OrlP~fo-1 t "14 F1n~ 11r1> Hldg .• Clev~!and, Ohio

;: I H Title Hing., Haltimvre, Md. •Vi hinlo! St.. Toronto* Ont. A."'l~ Lyndale _j __ yP,, :~1,11t.h,

Mi.nne~r,olis. Minn.

lex Made from Anhydrous Redmanol Uesins SHEETS TUBES RODS

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 117

For Complete Satisfaction you will use

THE LORAIN -V ARIOCOUPLER NOW EQUIPPED WITH UNIT TAPS

7 TAPS OF 7 TURNS AND 7 TAPS OF 1 TURN

$5.00 with

30 turn plain

wound rotor

The Perfect Mounting Pat. pend.

$5.25 with

70 turn bank

wound rotor

The Lorain will give you complete satisfaction because it combines all of these distinctive features: The Perfect Mounting, ¾" smooth and true running shaft, Unit taps, Our special formed taps, strong and easily deaned, Pigtail connections to Rotor, f'ormica tubing, #22 Green D.S.C. Copper wire, Excellent workmanship and high efficiency.

Send for descriptive bulletin. If vour dealer cannot supply you, order direct.

· Dealers write for discounts.

LORAIN RADIO SUPPLY CO. LORAIN, OHIO

llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll SIMPLEX-that's your safeguard

I _Price $7. Wt. 1 lb. ;

~:.;;:

- V>ffi ~~~:~~1~~::""' ~-:~;:::-_·-~--~.·:_, -::_: ···- ·toithvui distortion.. 'rwo Atages ( 2 AMERIJ'RANS) :;;_: give 14HU times audibility.

··- !t is doubtful if t.he substitution !.•f any one thing in a radio set enuld make such M notable im­provement as the installation oi: AMERTRAMl.

3\,-..:.k ~:onr Electrical Dealer, or sent ta:rriage (:harg"es ,.·olleet,

__ Amer~:::.~r,::s~,:::e:f ~a::pany I_! ii"amffornu·r-.'i for over .i"{i years.

176 Emmet St., Newark, N. J ~ lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllll!

DETECTOR PANEL AMPLIFUlR PANEL Also Unmounted Yariometers 6 "Variocouplera

Simplex Panel Uniis make it poa•ible to try out many different hook-ups without disaBBembllng panela. These highly perfected units eliminate much of the uncertainty of euccess in receiving radio broadcasts because they have bef!n deshrned by men having years of trxperience in radio aetivities. Girl them from your dealer.

SIMPLEX RADIO CO. 1013-15 RIDGE AVE,, PHILA., !PA.

118 ALWAYS MENTION Q S T WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

This enables .!IOU to keep batteries fit, ri'Qht at home. With simple attachment,it will also charge 0 B11

storage batteries.

r ·t

1 his is the way "B" Storage Bat­terle$ are charged with Tungar and attachm,mt.

Your Battery Should be Kept Fit

The Tungar Battery Charger makes it a simple matter to keep your storage battery tuned-up and fit. With it you can recharge your battery at home-and at little cost.

Tungar is a small, compact rectifier, which can be connected with any a-c. lighting circuit. It is easy and safe to operate-·in fact, requires no attention after starting. And when properly connected, the current can go only the one way, eliminating any danger of ruining the battery.

There is no excuse for allowing your battery to run down and spoil the evening's fun. A Tungar doesn't cost much-and it charges the starting and lighting battery in your automobile also.

Send for our new booklet on Tungars for radio, if your dealer cannot supply you.

Address Merchandise Dept., General Electric Com­pany, Bridgeport, Conn.

·ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 119

lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillliliilillllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll!llllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl/1

Cha1"ge your Radio Battery at Hon1e for a Nickel TifE

HDMCHARGER is the o.-iginal and most popular charge.- for this purpose. After an evening's entertainment con­nect to any ,:onYenieut · lamp 11ocket, snap the clips on yonr hattery and "turn in." While you sleep the HOMCHARGER is "ilently charging your battery--the charging rate b,.ing governed automatically. in the morning it ia

fully <eharged-ready for another ewming's work, and the cost has been leu than a nickel for current consumed.., Beautifully finished in mah_ogany and gold-may be used anywhere in the home. No muu, trouble, cHrt-no moving of battery or loss of time. The simplest, most efficient u1d most reliable battery charger <.1ver made. Only one wearing part--self-polarizing-five to eight ampere charging rate----approved by underwriters-un­qualifiedly guaranteed. Over 60,000 HOMCHARGERS now in use. Sold complete with ammeter, etc., by all good .-adio and electrical dealers for $18.50-no extras to buy. See the RADIO HOMCHARGER DE LUXE at your dealer's or write direct for our free circu­lar showing why the HOMCHARGER is the be,t rectifier built at any price. MOTORISTS The HOMCHARGER will also charge your AUTO Battery.

THE AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL DEVICES COMPANY 127 WEST THIRD STREET, CINCINNATI, OHIO

LARGEST MANUFACTURERS OF VIBRATING RECTIFIERS IN THE WORLD llllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll!llllllllllllllllll!llllll!l!lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllll!IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

'[<>NGAN) RADIO TRANSFORMERS

An unusual Radio Frequency Transformer with an adjust­able Silicon core-an exclu­sive patented feature, ,mab­ling reception at 200 meters as well as on the higher wave lengths. Daily tstablishing DX records. Price only $4.50

DONGAN ELECTRIC MFG. CO.

DETROIT MICHIGAN

.\n amplifying trans­

f o r m e r scientifically

ennstructed w bring

out full, dear tones.

'fop or side panei

mounting. Price $4,00,

~g:::keJl $1 Adapter

Hear all broad-caatingthroogb pbono•

W..'lti>bo~':.1:i':.~i;;i: ~.t~li :~~~ graph. All ean hear. t~;ntire family, nehrhbor1. ~ue.ta ,can hear operas, lectures, latest nPwa. with this Rriapter, StretehPll over rer.e,iverof Baldwin or Rrandes type hf'ad-set art<l attaches to t.one~arw of

:~; ~~~~~~~- Qti1ei1; :~a~~~a and removed. Thousands in use. Ab­solutely no voi ee distortion. Afor single receiver ............... - .. , ................. . fl~or pai:r of r~ceivers (more than twfoe the vnlume) t 1

Amplitone Loud Speaker An inexpensive, loud speaking horn e>-t!IJe.e1aJly sdapted for horn;, mit>,

Ample volume. Quality t,,nes; ThroM r.f horn Mnsists of sacc.:,-ssiv..- i;oun1i e'l'.panAion chambers, i<i:~u~h c•hnmber :ilmpliries vre­vm. ui:1 on.e, r·urnis~w ... ri eith. er ~tth. sin- ~s !:{le o:r double B-R Phontvj1tpter. 1-'rJce "11 · only, ................................... -................ ..

Bell Horn ·\ 8:1:'ll Horn w1th ball swivet. Tum• up,

_ · wn. to P.;uJe-any fingi€' desired. Auto .. mRUe a<ijustm~nt. V,;:,;oy simple. N,o s,;rews~ thumb nutff, t:,j·{', Bhick finish. Co~plet.P., \~1ith ,;1hone, tt! 15 rPMY TO 1tn11rh ro two .pt ~tage t•wpht'ler ......•..•.•

The Beckley-Ralston Co. H127So. Michigan Ave.

Chicag<>, lll. Go to ynur tleaier. tf he r..annot r1uppJy you s~nri money orner, eh€;:~k or <!OrrPn~y ~tour rl~k. Prompt. rie• livt"f'y •~ ~;ostpaid. A.tao ""'"'!'H'i us nam~ «.•f favorite 1.h,aier.

120 ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

I •i This Panel Will Improve Your Set

CELORON The best panel made is none too l!ood for your set. .Dependable insula­

tion is \'ital hecause it has a direct bearing upon the clearness and sensitivity "f both transmission and reception. ·

Every t~inkinl!" radio enthusiast certainly ;'/ants. th~ highest rype par!ei he can ohta111 and r.he HHe&t way tu ~et it ·;s tn ms1st upon C,mdens1te C'doron.

This ·,trong, handsnmf\ jtt-hl:ick marerial is not merely an insulating mate11al-•••it is a radio inrnlation made tn meet high ,nltal!"es at radio i"re­quencies. That is why it will [:in· you f!reater resistivity and a higher di­decrric ",trength than y,_,u will t"'.,er need.

~:fake ?nlir 1wxt p,mel .,f C\,11densitt> Celoron. It llii!('hines nc:adilv, t·P!?raVb ,vith clean cut character~ ;ind takco a lJeautifoi polish "r a rich dtill mat ,;urface.

An Opportunity for. Radio Dealers Cnndcnsite C,.'.lornn Radio P;,nels and Pans ,Aler u , lean cur ••pporrnniry

t,.i the dealer wlio i~ keen uu h11ildinq busint·,, "n a o_1ualitv basis. \Vrire us ,nday. L.:f \!~ H·nd yn11 rhe {acts. Y, 11.1 '11 be iuterP~trd. ·

Diamond State Fibre Company Bridgeport ( near Philadelphia). Penna.

Branch Factory and Warehouse, Chicago Office~ in Principal Cities

1n Canada: Diamond State Fibre Co., of Canada, Tor-onto, 245 Carlaw .Ave.

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 1:!1

"All-American'' Amplifying

Transformers Give power -·· range - tone-quality. Scientifically correct; fine examples of workmanship and finish.

RIO, RADIO Frequency (150-550 meter wave lengths) ......... $4.S0

R12, AUDIO Frequency (Ratio 3 to 1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.50

R13, AUDIO Frequency (Ratio 10 to 1) ... ................... 4.75

R21, AUDIO Frequency (Ratio 5 to 1) ...................... .4.75

Say ",-tLL-.tlMERIC:iN or nothing'' to your dealer.

Send for Bulletin 22--Tells the truth about amplification and how to get it 100 U/o.

RAlf li~ND MFG.Co. 35 So. Dearborn St., (hkaqo, Ill.

He Hears the Bedtime Stories with his Big Brother's

Stromberg-Carlson Radio Headset This Standard Headset has unexcelled tonal qualities.

Reproduces aceurately faint long distance signals; fits eomfortably and is quickly adjustable to any size head. The forked cord permits separation of the receivers .for use by two ()bservers simultaneously.

Uther Stromberg-Carlson Specialties include the "Universal Radio Plug" and various styles of "Radio :racks"-made to fit all standard equipment.

Ordei' 8tro-mberg-(:arlson A·µptiratux ,ftom your electrical ·merchandfae dea.ler 01· send for Bulletin #1029-(l.

Stromberg-Carlson Telephone Mfg. Co., Rochester, N. Y.

NOTICE SPECIAL

FOR THIS MONTH VERNIER

CONDENSERS 11 PLATE .... $2.25 23 PLATE . . . . 3.00 43 PLATE . . . . 3.50

PRICE INCLUDES KNOB & DIAL

ALUMINUM PLATES FORMICA END PLATES

GUARANTEED M. C. E. Co.

Manufacturers lndianapotis, lnd~

UNIVOX 90° COUPLER FOR SINGLE--THREE

CIRCUIT OR ARMSTRONG SUPER HOOKUP

A high grade unit priced ria'ht & unconditionally guaranteed. F'ormica tubes-Green silk wire. Nieke.1 plated bra.so fit­tings. Good design-Perfect workmanship. Bulletin C de­suibe• in detail.

UNIVOX FILAMENT RHEOSTAT

Honestly mad<!'-Honestly priced Bulletin R give5 complete data Splendid discount to the trade. Horning Elect. Mfg. Co.

Succeaaora to '' Walter R. Horning, Inc.

Mfrs. "UNIVOX" R"dlo Units Cleveland, 0., U. S. A.

ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

SECOND DISTRICT THIRD ANNUAL

C O N V E N T I O IN HOTEL PENNSYLVANIA

NEW YORK CITY

MARCH 1ST, 2ND & 3RD 1923

.... l

Don't miss it this year. Better than ever. Twenty-five REAL MANUFACTURERS will be there with the Latest and Best of Apparatus. All of the Second District Clubs will have Booths in the Butterfly room.

Everybody who is Anybody in Radio will be there.

One Day Admission-25 cents Three Day Admission-SO cents

On the last night, Saturday March 8rd, the Great Banquet will be held in the Hotel Pennsylvania, Banquet Hall. rrhe 1923 Banquet is guaranteed to make 1922's look like a "Squeak Box" alongside a 250 Watt Bottle.

DON'T LET THIS GET BY YOU! BE THERE!!!

rrickets are $4.00 per-and you'll surely get your money's worth. Don't wait. Order Now--•from

The Secretary

Executive Radio Council, 2nd District

120 Liberty St., New York City

ALWAYS MENTION Q S T WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 123

PRICE $3.50

THE NEW IMPROVED WIRELESS 8 BATTERY

REFILLABLE VARIABLE NOISELESS IN OPERATION

The Switch Makes It 100 p .. c. Perfect

KING Rheo-Socket

lfflMi

Pt'iee $3.00 i. o~ b. New 'York City

e: •• •!Y•fiR<:'t, in,•rPrt-:1.:.,i ;,fficienc•y, ..;hort.er t:•(•nnei:-1 ;,111,-., .1':"...,.... ¾', i.rin~- -t:lring--g .i11 ;:-t,:1tions ;. •-•U nt-ver lw;i rd. before. Make this H i,art ~)f ;,our np~ U>-<i~TP ,,,~,t. .\ hh:th L:1•f!d~ ..-inid~ in H.\)d Rake!ite v,ith f'ho~:q,hor·•kl·onz~: ,C,.ntacts Hnd Allov I(p;.:.ist-:---:n('f>. \Vfrt'-. , f-.'1yr !:ht~e (•!' .Panl:'l Mountin~.

KING AM-PLI-TONE 82 Church Street, New York

LAMB RADIO BARGAINS

M@J"

'-NF ha.,·1;• ,..,,,,,rhd ;,np·~ to ur"frr \'OU on t-:-t~l:-;~ t'<:tdio \H-H'i~ <1.11d s11pµllt--'s~

SEND FOR OUR LISTS AND SAVE MONEY

F. JOS. LAMB CO. 1938 Franklin St., Detroit, Mich.

Must be seen to be appre­ciated. It has all the featureB that made last year's B Battery the phe­nomenal success. Ask for catalogue describing our full line of B Batteries and other Radio Supplies

Fm sale a! all radio supt,ly dealers~

HIPWELL MFG. CO N. S. PITTSBURGH, PA.

WWWM

WIS WIN

No. 7,H SERIES PARALLEL

Concealed type, rncnmted uH formica base, ;{1.50. !\lo. 7S4 visible type, switch alone. 65<-'. · -Our sheet uf dia!!rams ,,howin!2' the many use~ of this r,opular switch' sent free upon requeBt.

Willis Switch & [nstrument Co. 8 King11bury St., Jamestown, N. Y.

Bridgeport, Conn., U.S.A. Manufacturer oi

Radio and Telephone Equipment

124 ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

STOP INTERFERING WITH YOUR NEIGHBOR'S RIGHTS

By Making a Miniature Transmitting Station of your own Receiving Set.

Install a Universal Radio Receiver and Coil Unit which has incorporated in eaeh all the tine points uf Radio Engineering.

This set, by use of a coupled circuit in tuning, does not disturb nearby receiving ,set~ by ;c;etting up c,1seiilations of its own on any wave lengths from 180 tn 2to0 meters. This feature is highly desirable in view of the fad that Huch interference will eventu­ally he eliminated voluntarily or by legislation.

The wave length range possible with Coil Unit is 180 to l'i200 meters. The Reeeiver is equipped with detector and two-stage audio frequency amplifier

mounted in one eabinPt, while t.he Coil Unit is in a st!parate cabinet. The l.Tniversal Radio Reeeiver makes use of a devke to PREVENT DISTORTION

which, in effect, operates a;; a permammt "C"battery. ·'l'he fset will always operate at its maximum t'mciency and SIGNALS WILL . .:\.LW A YS BE CLEAR AND INTELLIGIBLE.

The vvave length of the secondary circuit is tuned to that of the primary circuit hy means of a variable enndenser, thus giving approximately l times the wavelength n;riation possible with variometer tuning.

BANK \VOlJND COILS, which ii-; the best known form of winding, are used throughout.

THE SELECTIVITY IN TUNING 1,f this Rleceiver is obtained by the use of the ,·oupled drcuit which allows ;;harper and ,stronger sig·nals to be received than by means r,f other !Circuits.

We guarantee• the workmanl"hip and quality of this set to be of the highest type. A demonstration of this set wilL prove <:·,mc1usively that .it is the hlg:g:est ad­

nrnce ret mad!.' toward a perfeet H.adio 1:i.eceiver. If your dealer eannot supply you, kindly ,,vrite us.

Price F.O.B. Factory

Universal Radio Receiver . . Universal Coil Unit . ....... .

.$90.00

.$20.00

HA YES & NEWTON 115 N. Market Urbana, Illinois

_·-;;;,-;:.-;;;.·_··· -~-·--_-,;-;;--=====.....;·;;~-=-_;;-;;;--;;;-;;;•-;;----~;;.;-;;.·-===========;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;=========;_;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;!,!

DO YOUR OWN BATTERY CHARGING Use a Leich Non Tune Radio Rectifier

For Long Life and Satisfactory Operation Useci bv th<> Kiv, Trunk Line H.ail­

roads fn,: Hlnc-k · :Si,gnal and lnter­i,:,ddng plants,

\Vill ,)pet·ate ove~· '<vide range nf , olta!l:e and frequen<'y variation be .. \ on U)'l.~ it is not tuned t.n one par­ti~ula.r frequen~y.

t'h.ar,g-e radio ba ttf>ries at. n [g ht-~ Cn;:..t ~c-quival':'nt to burning- H. 40 watt lamp. Relay lv-ek pu~itively

prPVf>Ot.8 <lis<'harp:e of hattci'Y due t 0 powe1~ f'ailurp:,;;.

Thl?i-t:' ?..re lio ex:pen.8ive .PRrt~ on H N·on Tune to wear. out. ·w·e limit the o.:urrent output to a point ,vhere n,aximum eilic1ency and lo11,r life h~ ,:.titained,

Manufactured for both 60 and 25 ('yt•J,?- r-i.lternatinJ;r •.'.urrent.

A:-lk yo1-1r de::tler or write for Bulletin noo-B.

LEICH ELECTRIC CO. GENOA, ILL. ----------------------------------------..: ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 125

BY" KEEP TO THE RIGHT ~ Quality Apparatus

We stock all makes and types of complete Radio sets and parts Acme Apparatus Co. Adams Morgan Co. Andrea, F. A. D. A. & P. Radio Supplies Co. Baldwin, Nathaniel . Brach, L. S. Mfg. Co. Brandea, C. inc. Bunnell, J. H. Clapp-Eastham Co. Corwin, A. H. & Co. Cutler-Hammer Mfg. Co. DeForest Radio T. & T. Co. Dictograph Products Corporation Dubilier Condenser Co. Eby Mfg. Co. Federal T. & T. Co.

Firth, John & Co. Freed-Eiaemann Co. Frost, Herbert H. General Radio Co. Kennedy, Colin B. Murdock, Wm. J. Co. Radio Distributing Co. Radio Corp. of America Remler Mfg. Co. Riley-Klotz Mfg. Co. Sleeper Radio Co. Ward Leonard Elec. Co. Western Elec. Co. Westinghouse Elec. Mfg. Weston Elec. Inst. Co. Wirele•a Presa Inc.

Co.

Delivery same day order received Pioneers in the Radio Field

Seud 10c for latest catalog

ROSE RADIO AND ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES 129 Camp St.

I - -IT REPLACES

I · rheostats meters

Automatic Filament 00 Current Adjuster

RELIEVES YOU OF ALL TUBE TROUBLES

Manufacturers

RA.DIA.LL COMPANY 99 WARREN STREET

$1.10 with mounting NEW YORK

We <:an supply you promptly with your Radio n~eds for leas money than you would pay elsewhere.

Complete s.etg, parts and supplies. Write us your wants~ Price Hat freb

C & ECO. SQUTH LYME, CONN.

New Orleans, La.

DENVER 9ZAF I REYNROLDS \ KL z

RADIO CO. 1534 Glenarm St.

LARGE R...t\.D1O DISTRIBUTORS

126 ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

FOURTH ANNUAL CONVENTION of the

THIRD RADIO DISTRICT To he held in

BALTIMORE HOTEL EMERSON

APRIL 13 and 14-1923 The "big days" will soon be here

,,. our days, your district, your convention Listen in for the broadcasts giving additional information from week to

week. Elaborate plans for your entertainment are now being arranged.

Five dollar ticket entitles holder to everything, admission, exhibits, boat trip to Annapolis, Md., to visit NSS, and Banquet.

Come on fellows, meet your friends whom you all know by radio, meet them in Baltimore and know them better.

Make this a grand home coming of the Third District. A most hearty invitation is extended to our friends of the other districts, to attend. You are welcome, we want you to feel that you are one of us.

Make your ticket reservations

EARLY to

CHARLESF.HENDERSON 2008 Bolton Street

BAL TIM ORE, MARYLAND

This is Your Convention and We will Look for Y O U

MULTIPOINT , PatPnt f'Pnrlinp;J A Synthetic CRYSTAL DETECTOR,

sensitive over Its entire surface ~liminates all deteetor troubles. Bxtraordinary dearness aud volume. Endorsed by Radio experttt and press. Sold in Sealed Packages only. ,Join the evl?r increasing Rusonite fani:1~

[;~~it1;:~s;~ai~u:~1:i~!:~ 50c RUSONITE CATWHISKER

14 Karat Gold Multiple 25 SOUTHERN RADIO CORPORATION Cnntact, Super-sensitive C

)ladlo Engineers and Jobbers OrdeY ,from ynur rfon./P.r nr dfrp,rf. ,frnm 1111.

\'lO!l RPalty Building, Charlotte, N. C. R1JSONITE PRODUCTS CORP. ----------------- 15 Park Row, N. Y. Dept. "Q" ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 127

CHELSEA CONDENSERS

No. 3

PRICES No. l Table .001 mf. $5.00 No. 2 Table .0005 mf. 4.50 No. 3 Panel .001 mf. with dial 4.75 No. 3a Panel .001 mf. without dial 4.35 No. 4 Panel .0005 mf. with dial 4.25 No. 4a Panel .0005 mf. without dial 3.85 No. 5 Panel .00025 mf. with dial 3.75 No. Sa Panel .00025 mf. w·ithout dial 3.36 No. 6 Panel vernier with dial 2.90 No. 6a Panel vernier without dial 2.50 No. 7 Table .001 mf. with vernier 6.75 No. S Panel .001 mf. with vernier 6.50

Genuine Bakelite Construction The best and most complete line of condensers in existence. Write for our catalog No. 7.

CHELSEA RADIO CO .. 156 FIFTH STREET CHELSEA, MASS.

O-B Radio Co. ,ViRlr-ibato·r·s .f\.:n~

Colin B. K,;.nnedy Co. Horne Receiving Seta Hemler Accenoriea Horne Accessorie11 Cunningham Tube•

If your de1tler can't supply yon, write to us direet, fot' auy standard Radio material.

0-B Radio Company Flatiron Hotei Bldg., 1730 St. Mary's Av~.

Omaha, Nehr.

A-B BATTERY TESTER

The Jewell A-B Battery tester fills a need for a low priced but accurate portable inatrulllent for checking battery volta,:ea. Double readings 0-12-120 volts ia tbe range usually supplied, which takes care of the "A" battery under all conditions and the "B" battery up to the highest commonly used for rec.e.ivjng.

PRICE $10.00 We were the iirat to supply " colllplete line of miniature radio inatru1J1enta of uniforlll sjze. Ask your dealer or write to us for complete ,·adio circular,

Jewell Electrical Instrument Co. 1650 Walnut Street, Chicago

FRANKLIN SOCKET

For W-D-11-DRY CELL TUBE Holds tube firmly.

Malres Perfect Contact

PRICE $0.50 We also make an Adapter that fits Standa.."<i

Sockets, Price $1.00~Dea.len Write for m,.. t:ounta ..

FRANKLIN RADIO MFG. CO. 711 P"nn Avenue, Wilklnabur1r, Pa.

128 ALWAYS MENTiON Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

·------------------------------------------:. REORGANIZATION RADIO SALE

Tllie Egyptian Radio Company, has bought the Hi-Gee Radio Mfg. Co., and are going to list some real bargains to introduce our company to mail order buyers. We guarantee everything we list to be AuNo. 1, and will fill all orders same day received. We have an enormous stock of most everything you want in the radio line, just tell us your wants and we'll do the rest.

LOOK OVER THESE BARGAINS ti ,n. Condensite Dials .......... . $0.31 Grid Condensers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Moulded VT Sockets . . • . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Victrola Phone Clamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85 ,\fickle plated Binding Posts. . . . . . . . . .05 A.ntenna Insulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .09 Phone Plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 Baldwin Receivers ............... 10.95 ,Jacks, -1 prong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 .Frost Receivers .................. 5.05 Switch points; per doz. . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Murdock /3000 ohm rec ........... 4.95 Crosley rheostats, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 King Amplitone, regular $12, one left Crosley Sockets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 at ..................... , ..... 6.00 Crosley 9 to 1 Amplifying 'rrans- Valley A and B battery chargers .. • 16.50

formers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.15 nv. 100a. Storage batteries, :::pecial at 12.75 Rhamstine, amp. tram,. . . . . . . . . . . . 3.05 Switch and knob . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 'fest Crystals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .09 Switch Stops .................... . 03 l,f 7 strand Antenna wire per hundred ft. .65 Parkin Dial Rheostats ......... 1.15 Mahogany variometers . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00 11 plate variable eondenser,; . . . . . . • 2.65 Variocuuplers, with dial . . . . . . . . . . . 1.85 :rn plate variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.85 Burges::: 22 \~ v. B. Batts. . . . . . . . . 1.50 .i;; plate variable ... , . , . . . . . . . . . . . a.oo

We have the most simple set of plans for building an All Wavz Regenerative, Set that will receive; broadcasting• all over the U.S.A., Caniada and. Cuba. Plan 50¢ You'll be surprised how cheap you can build this set. Just ask us for prices on Material for this set.

THE EGYPTIAN RADIO CO, MARION, ILLINOIS

Nine of the men most closely connected with the tremendous development of the Radio have combined to give you the re­sult of their experience in the simplest possible manner. Among them are J. V. Hogan, Vice-President of the Radio Instit.ute; A. N. Goldsmith, of the Radio Corpora­tion of AmenC",.a, M. 1. Pupm. Profess01· at Columbia; Dr. Haus­

r..a1..ann. of Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, and L. ii. Hazeltine, of t,,tevens Institute. ln siinpie non-technical language they tell you how to receiv" ane$sages of any wave length. how to select and operate './our 1:tpparat.us-in fact, all that you need to know. ·

, " l1Vrite ai' once for .vr . .Jlt.r copy, n,erFly mail thP- cou-"-'.'. ~;·:. pon letter 01: po5t card. Postrnan will collf!!Ct

0

,~i-t;/:t1i:1Iil~. @ VAN NosTRAND Co~ "\{?li:\~B War:renSt .. ,NewYork..~

~:;": .... ·~ atn••••••••• .... •••••••• .. •••••••••••••••••••••••••u~u .:,;-:•;•:,. .. ·.·.· ~ D. VAN NOSTRAND CO. • This § 8 ·warren Street, N. Y.

Book Explains : Senri me your book ""Radio Phone Receiving," On delivery 1 \viH pay Hov.- F.,,"ctrk Current carries fipt'.'1'.'ch. ·r11ning. _. the po~tman $1.50. It isunderstoo::i that [ atn to return the book if I Hnw r,-, i:ic(.:-,mpiish Prnt"t1cai Ml"'thoris, \V hy : arn not satisfied aud you wiii refund the 1noney. ~ t dPtlf:"rtnr 1:- ,,r.cc;;sar"V to transiar~ 1,v:;n.1e-:,, The : N . . \ a"."uu~- ·t. uhe •• \rnplifying: Mn11:i1.! nr ;',;p..-P-ch. m • ame t11stortton. k1:1?"c(tt!f.tttv(' l'\nri H~tl;'rnctyn.e Re- : Street. , · phon. Noh,t:t>, \\' hat Hroaacastinr. is. F,:; .. ..-!1- _, ----~

u.ils. -'~ijparatulj, and hundreds ot other iactfl, : {\itY•············~·-------·· State ... ___ _

Q. S. T.

-~;•m-,;~~----~ ALWAYS MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. 12B

LIGHTNING ARRESTER APPROVED by Underwriters: Lab-

oratories, latest Code. Carbon block type (not vacuum type) using a brown glazed porcelain case which can be installed inside or outdoors. Carbon block arresters have been standard in Railway signal and tele­phone protection for over 20 years. Ask your dealer or write us for special circular.

PRICE $1.10

Jewell Electrical Instrument Co. 1650 W ainut St., Chicago

You Need This "MAC - RADIO" TEMPO METER An accurate, e a II i l y operated d e vi c e by which you can instant­ly compare the Stand­

ard Time used in all points of the World. An absolute necessity for all radio opera­tors who are receiving either telegraph or phone station i1chedules throughout the World. IT TELLS YOU WHEN TO LISTEN FOR THAT CONCERT OR MESSAGE. FOR A LIMITED TIME ONLY with each tempometer we will in­clude FREE OF CHARGE our folder gi_ving: Standard Time Meridians of the World, also U.S. time zones and time •end­ing stations, Bro:-dcasting station• of U.S. and Canada with time used by each. Radio Tempometer Price $1.00, Delivery retum mail. Dealers write for discounts.

MeCALLUM APPLIANCE CO. SilTer City, N- Mexico

REMLER Apparatua Radiates Quality

Look the Radio field over-you will find that Remler Apparatus i• often eopied in design, but never equalled in quality. It is designed right, built right, ·priced . dght, and works right. It is the Quality Apparatus-sold under a. genuine guarantee~ Results are it.• be8t aales argument-­we foavt> it to 1tnt1r better judgment. s~e your nearest Radio dealer today­:stand.ardize on R.~mler Apparatug--ft RRdiateB Quality.

NEW REMLER CATALOG Send JOc for new 40-page Remler Catalog .iwit off the press, containing drcuit diagrams for Remler Apparatus rrn<l other useful information, including a table of inductance, capacity and wave length. The Hemler 'f~ehnical Bureau i8 at your service. Address your problem to D~pt Q.

REMLER RADIO MFG. COMPANY Home Office:

248 First Street, San .Francisco, Calif,

Eaatern Representative: 154 W. Lake Street,

!Chicago, Illinois

Getting Astounding Results Amateurs in every state and many abroad u

well have worked or heard 2ZL. His station la known from coast to coast, Man(. wonder how he doe• it. He has told the ta e partly over the air, and partly to those who have been for­tunate enou1rh to visit him at Valley Strellln, Lon1r Island. Now for the first time the whole story has been put into print for anybody to read. J. O. Smith (2ZL) has written the book of the Y<'ar:

MODERN RADIO OPERATION Jly ,l. O. Smith

No theory, no mathematics, no formulas, Just a straight account of how it la done by C.W., not only at 2ZL, hut also at other famous sta­tions such as lZE.,_ l!ZG and 9ZG which wore installed by Mr. ::;mlth. Also, the story of broadcastin,r from WOY, WGY and WJZ.

Receivin,r too--hy all types of sets, including the Armstron1r super-re,reneratlve circuit.

DO YOU KNOW?-The proper proportion of grid and plate current in transmitters? The relative merits of D.C. on transmitter tube plates; of A.C. with half-wave rectification I of A.C. with full wave rectification; of Kenotron­n,ctifled A.C.? How much you can gain by addin,r more tubes to your transmitter 1 How and why C.W. beats spark in purity, dlllDPinll' and economy? .A II these and many other vital questions answered. "Modern Rac1io Operation" .... , $1.75

By J. 0. Smith "The Wireless Age" for one year, . 2.50

SPECIAL OFFER $4.25 BOTH for $3.75 (foreign postage, 50¢

extra)

WIRELESS PRESS, INC 328 Broadway New York City

130 ALWAYS MENTION Q S·T WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

DUCK p~:::~~R ANNOUNCES STARTLING RE: D U .CT I O NS

Leadin11 Line Since 1909 • At Prices to You Leu Than Dealer• Costs

fAEE lllustrated pamphlet comprising sixty-two Duck radio instt-uments and sets with reductions avera!l'ing 30%

maHed on request. Send postal today. Any old-time radio amateur will tell you who we are and our reputation. Only a few years ago almost one-third of the radio Instruments sold at retail, exclusive of sales in only a half dozen large cities, wern sold by Duck.

A FEW OF THE MAIY DUCK PRODUCTS AT SENSATIONAL PRICES

Rheostat, 70¢; Bakelite moulded positive contact, 70¢; Bake-lite moulded dial, 55¢; super-selective moulded variometer, DUCK'S NEW ~i4.65, worth $8.00; radio frequency potentiometer, $1.15;

VARIABLE CONDENSER solid mahogany form variometer, $3.60; 43-plate panel-type PANEL TYPE

variable condenser, pigtail connection. $3 .. 15; detector panel, $5.25; rec.,iv~ng set, mahogany ea.binet, detector and. ~- acciaTmed by all that have seen it to be stages, of ~udto frequency, $59.50; radio frequency rece1v1ng the peer of any on the market. Pii,rtall , .. t w,thi o.11e-gtep radio and detector, $29.75. conn.,.,tions, I. e., no sliding contacts.

SEND 25c in coin or money order for our big 256-• page combined radio catalog and text

lmokbook. For radio information and hook-ups It ia worth many times the retainer asked.

Base and top moulded bakelite. Alumi­num separators, L e., even spacing and simple means of adjusting plates. Mount­ing screws furnished. Concealed by dial. Brass bearings: ¼" 11haft.

The WIILLIAM B. DUCK CO., 243-245 Superior St., Toledo, Ohio

ATTENTION RADIOTICS IF YOU USE AMPLIFYING TUBES you can make your Victor talking ma­chine a RADIO LOUD SPEAKER, with a "BEEKO" Radio-Phone attachment.

S1ample by mail, 40¢. Liberal discount in quantities J. H. BUNNELL & CO.

32 Park Place,_ Department Q New York

FOR SALE CW-986 Sub Chaser Telephone Transmittluir and

Receiving Set including :-Remote Control Syatem, Power Amplifier, Loud Speakers, Tubes, Spare Microphonl', etc. Can be tuned down to 200 meters.

KLEIN'S RADIO AND ELECTRIC SUPPLY CO. !! PF~otLAfTERE~~ NEW YORK

MANUFACTURER TO CONSUMER VARIABLE CONDENSERS APPROVED BY THE

'"EVENING RADIO MAIL INSTITUTE" 3 Plate. ,. , ..... $0.90 23 Plate, ..... , .. $1.45

13 Plate ... , ....• 1.10 31 Plate,, .. ,.,,. 1.5& 17 Plate .... , .... 1.35 43 Plate.,.,, •.. , 1.86 Send P. O. M. 0. or l'Jxpress Order-0~ V{e Will

Sbip C.O.D.-·•We Pa,y Postage.

"EURACO" PRODUCTS: 'F.uraco' Mica Condensers, cartridge type (.000025•

.0001-.00025-.0005 Mfd •... , ........••..•. $0,60 'Euraco' Bakelite Base Single Mounting. . . • . . • • .40 'Euraco' Bakelite Base Double Mounting . . . . • . . . .80 'Euraco' Bakelite Base Triple Mounting ...•.. , . .80 •Euraco' Crystal ·Detector (irlaaa enclosed) ..... , 1.50 'Euraco' Crystal Detector (open type) ........ , .60 'Euraco' Moulded Valve Socket ......... , •.... , .55 'Euraco' Semi-metal Socket . , ...... , . . . . . . . . . .70 'Euraco' Potentiometer (2·10 ohms) ..... ,, , . , . , 1.30 'Euraco' Rheostat (Bakelite Base) . . , ........ , , .85 'Euraco' Rheostat (Moulded Base),.,., , . , , , . , , .70 'Euraco' Rheostat (Reversible Porcelain) .... , . , .85 'Euraco' Switch Lever (Complete I , .. , ...... , , .40 'Euraco' Series Parallel Switch .. ,.,,., ... , . . . . .45

SEND FOR DESCRIPTIVE CIRCULARS INTERESTING PROPOSITION FOR DEALERS

EUROPEAN RADIO COMPANY (Importers-Manufacturers) THE STAR RADIO SPECIALTY CO.

4354 Main Ave111ue, Norwood, Ohio 1342 East 22nd Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 131 ALWAYS MEN"flON Q S T WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS Six cents per word per insertion, in advance.. Name attd addre~!!- must be .counted. Each initial counts 1!8 one word. Copy must be received by the 10th of month for sut.."Ceeding month's ·issue.

YOU CAN'T AFFORD TO BUILD YOUR OWN you can buy a Radex-Radio for less !han. the a.lone would cost you. Reque~t Bulletin No. 4 Radio Exchange, Hamilton, Ind.

when parts

The

NEW DESIGN POTENTIOMETER. Absolutely best I<> be had. $2.50. Combined Grid Condenser and Vari­able Leak. small. m,at and radically new, 75c. Attrac­tive dealers riroposition. Special work :solic?ted. Amhall Equipment Co., 6545 Darlington Road, P,tts­lmrgh. Pa.

MAPS I'll put your station on I.he map---Small one imc others 50c and One dollar, No stamps. Give details. Fred W. Adams. Flanigan. Nevada.

FO.R SALE=~New C.'"-19 transmitter, panel mounted,

one hundred watt, i:omplete with motor--generator, tuJes, etc .• ready to openite, Bal'gain for q_.uick buver~ pcice $185. Address P. O. Box 135, Red Bank, N. J.

FOR SALE Or Trade .1::;, K.W. Acme transformerf "'.,·;;i K,\V~ Amrad quenched gap.. Signai saw tooth rotary :s.pa.rk ~ap, Thordarson osdllation tr~r!.ti~ormert La1·ge ~:tnf, Clapp-Eastham loose r.oupler. l.S fresco tuner. Hotleycomb <.'oH~ ;1uri mounting, . Crysta.I -st:t. t'oJ?,troi ~Janet Wa.ut C. W~ tHHJaratus. G1e:ttn ,;\nderson, Oak-land, · Nebraska. · ·

20 \,~(_\'fT F()NE ;;..-uHl C,\V, Trar\:Hn.itter. Pkuei .n1ountetl. Three rn~ters ltn:luded. "'-h~!;,i:inghouse 5-00 volt MG ~:.:!;:{:. Four .voo<l .5 ·\'n1tt tnbe15,, Prl<'...e. complete :1:Jso.oo. W~lter B~e?, :1so Graham St .• Pittsburgh~ Pa~

:i[f Jir:-ltl[:ifI;$;~~~,1~:~•ii~i~I1;,~:~~iY - t:'!Uri1t'-t('c,uf;''·JB.;OtC-'··'·)f{;:JH1e' i 50 writ! fiiamen~·. tra.nsfc!rm­

;.;S.00. HC rm••htlation hi.rtsfor.mer~ $5.0(1. Penn ,,f henry .::-hnke. $~1.00. }:'::\~die:ral 300 VV ; .. :hoke, $5.00 . .. tur?, ·~n~!-lcJanc~ ,:;1.1mp·i~te wi~h ym·t~:,>Je,.~:;onden~er

.i.itd v.rici cmi tor rw,r.::.•w,.H:· r,,.d-hac-k r:;rcun:, ~~- .no. 18y-tt~;;;~~~m~1::s;~~::·\{·~~- ~-·h;;per 5~~S1~t-f1h1~ '.~ ~~./i:!d$ ii.~5t. Two r;.~·-u.,.tai H:~-1.d.io e1rndu!ation trausiormen, $a..oo e.ach. 0-1 Hot .. wire tneter. $3~00. ~!.~ turn ed,ge -;,·.,ound inductance, $,.~!..50. Pt'lagnavox hand rnkro­nhone. ~$10~00. These l'irtrts have beit-n used but , are in perfel't o:·undition. A. S .. Bachtel, 1~5 East MilJ Stree-L .. 6...kron, Ohio.

FOR S;\LE--three (:-.,ii set~ $90.UO. T,~ro 1t.tep a~dio frequency llr1wired amplifier, $2f:tOO. One unwired._ C.W. ( l O ·watt~ ~.ett $90.00. Grt'.h~ C.R3.A, $25.00. Bat'rie Barke,·. (;J~dwyne, ,Perula.

FO.R S,\LE: Acme ;.:cw '\.Vatt Trans.~ Grid Cond, 2mRC Sockets, 2 F~da. Rheo~tats~ 2 5-w.:1tters u~rd 20 hours, ke;n $30.00 a.JL. installing a50 waHer0 hr? A Beau­.chemill~ Bristt:,I~ Conn.

-----------Fi)R E.-ALE: ~ no V.Jatt ':i:~, .5,~t ,:o.~piete $100.00. \Vh-rked coa.st to (Oast~ l·.,...td1ahon 5 ~ •.:: ,nnps. 9KM.

WIRE YOUR SET WITH COPPER BRAID in~te;,d nf :"ulid wire~ Ha!-1. t'"~s:tremely low n:'sistance Oii.t radio frequendr.,i, fv1akes 6',cushh.,n,, contacts that nevet "tlork loose. Ne·vi:r lo-eak~~ t~a.sy· to work witht does not requite ~older1ng. /t.ir dieiectri~ has n~ distributed capa.city; ~o~ 16 contains 96 _No-~ 36 bare coµl?er ''Nire~. Six feel' for -25,.:. H.adio Panel Shop, Junction City KJnsas.

FOR SALE: 100 Watt C.W. ,.et with, tuoes :~150.00. 10 Watt C,W. set vdth tubes, $75,00. :wo Watt tube -~~75.00~ 10 Watt C, W. it.nd Phone S('.t ~"'1th 1notor generator, and tubes, ;:1;1.00.00. Grebe CR9 Re<:e.i.ver, $I 10.00, Baldwin Phones $10.00. Three Circuit Tuner ""d Detector, $50.00 Address 3MK.

FOR SALE: A lot of sockets ,ij):$0.49, jacks 35c, plugs ::t5c audio and radio frequem::y transformers $2.98 each, Horne , 1ariocouplera .1~nd variomete-rs (q:·•$_35ll8 ea_ch, orhrinai price $6.50, .::tlso phones (superior) •\l$4~98

lB2 ALWAYS

per pair. Franklin Edward Campbell, Jr., 414 High St .• W. Medford, Mass. ________________ _

.RUB-BEi··· STAMP - with large "·"II letter& SOc; Radio­,rram and Relav Radiogram blanks 25c per hundred Post Cards 60c 'hundred. S"nd us your orders. C.Aro­lina Printing & Stamp Co., Wilmington, North Caro­lina.

BARGAIN: Only a few Brandes Transatlantic type headsets left. ldst, Twelve Dollars. While the)(. l_.ut, Six-fifty. Mail money order and addreu. C1t1zen Wireles~ Service, Hornell, New York.

FOR SALE: Grebe CR-6 nceiver, $75. Tbordarson I KW transformer $20. Thordarson oil c,~ndenaer,. $10. Bt!nwood Super gap, $9. 4x5 c~rnera w1th plate holders and filrn pacl~ a.dapter1 $4~ Sene.;:a. post c~rd camera with plate holders, $4~ Microscope, 110 dia­meters, with case, $8. Clarence Clark1 Care We-1:ttern Union, ..Jacksonville, .Fla

FOR SALE CHEAP: !Hall Relay and Tape, Ree:,,:der cost $160.00 nev~r u.~ed.. 1~. in pe!'fect c.onci1bon, $I 00.00. 2 Robbins-Myers Motor-Generators 110 v·olts. A.C. single phase to 500 volts D.C. 100 watts, $50.00 each. 1 Robbins-Myers Motor . g~ne~ator 110 vo1ts~ A~C. single phase to 500 voits D.C ... ~00 watt,;. $55.00. 1 Es •::oD 1000 volt D.C. roo. ,,\!'att motor ~en­erator 110 1220 volts )\.C. single phase i,;upply, 1~o~t $220,00 sdl $175.00. All of the nhove_ w,aehme: ~!' perfet.'!t c~mdition. . C~mmonw~alth Electric Co .• 182 E. 6th :St., St. Paul. fVhnn.

SPECIAL PRICES on. radio sup~lies., \Ve!;tinli{house WD-11 tubes $5.49, !fodiotron UV200 $4.25,_ UV201 $r:_$ 55 ,;:,odr{et.c; fiOc Fada. rheostats t)Oc, Bt'a:dle~ts.ta_tffe $

0

1:70: Cutie~-Hammer ·~:dth vrsruiP.r $L~~ 1:rost ~~)00 1:1hm · phones ~::4.25, ;:tooo ohm ~i4-~75, P,..i.urnock 31)00

~:~fy1-~:D60ti~::·t;~;~~;!:ec:~!~~~i-.ic:f~-~~~~:~;j•5, .. $4:Ps: Thordars-on $1~~.85. C.lapp .. E~:stham H*R. Rv.•+t!i:.'!11;:'"rai:ive

M!;':.;;o/'1'\3:i:2s~· f,·ro;,';~} '' ~'iJ;',",~~~;iifi;~,J~'~\;0.; 1.n.u:u·atet?-rl. I h~ Cheerful ;,.tore, •·1.6i Harvard " ..... ~,.,~~ Allston, Mas~. ~---- ------

ir4A1'J ~~t/~-~:t'h as~:; 11111:~ t~:~~~~nr~:.;~}\!Iair),-~;;;~hqst .;:rl!rds if hedrtl~

------------~ - ~ -.---

t:~~r ~-.:!~~E ~wo-:~;;t ;f,~•nt,~~~~-~~t;jf.~f"n~:~t~t~~~~-[,i~h ~t_i1~Q 1-niieh with fair ~uitenna,. $."'Z .. $t .Aut.:ifophone i•Jud .. ~pt:'-"';.;-fl\

i~tt0~ei!:st ~:1: 0 W:~:~n:.::~~:1~di~L~e~~;:~n$§!e'i~: i,/~5(~:\ ,!~

pH-tont>! horn, $7: \1/e.;;t-.:.m 'OC voltmete-~~, o to 1 o, $:6; fiene:rrtl Ele('tric RF transior-m~t·.i'-, $~1,75 \\~.~,ch; Baid­,;::in C and victr-o1a atta(..hment. $rL.50; Brach ~-•·.ft'•.,:,.t..,.;·i..~

outdoor $,L50, -indoor ;~1; Lightning· ~w-i-t.it:h,, 751,_;? S,end-receive. ;;rw·itch !~0.60. J\.pparatu5, gr._1ar.anteed pei~fect (·ondition. Postpaid on rf'c-elpt oi' p-dc~, r.$ack Dunham. 4fl Overlook ('frde, N~w Ro~:h.etle~ N. T,

FOR SALE WIRELESS SPECIALTY l:P.500 tun~n; Range 250-3100 meters. Ma.de h,r. the ~Ut'f'hU .:.r Steoi-in Engineering-~ United St.ates Na.vy--Na~,y ~ype S.E.143.~ RadiCJ Corporation list prlcir :$.59S.oo~ F-er­f~ct ~;tmdition. Pdce $.20().00. Audion Contrni Box.es. for these $65.00. GENERAL ELECTRIC . iiOO •:olt 90 w<-itt Q.·rneratorF>. FHamen! winding H volt~ ~:'. ain­!~er-e:5-. P¥1ade- hH· -the United States i'llt"my 1~.,.iy Sf·"i-'",.-~,c.c. Equipped with . Du':)ilier !vtic;.a filter 1::cmtlens~r.~. C,-:Hl be ll!'.ed al'. ;~ dynamotor. ~~ 8 ~to~t battery ~r~ve, ,.:~.?~ volt,:;; output. 12 volt-!.:t,.50. .,\U new, f net" ,!).~i.5, Nav~r t adio telephone transmitting ~"tnd !'Pr.eivin~ ·1h?<h. Typ; ~:'..N.936. Complete br-oi??-ca~li.ng-, ~t.ttti'?_n .... Han,_; l0-200 miies.. and over. NEW. Pnc:e S""i-90.uo.N _ £<

Radio Corpora~inn UV.203 tubes SO ,~~.~tts. Ne~-: L1~t price $:JO. Price ~.?0,00 .. f .. ,,,ich-:. ~ ... \¥~:~tt--r·n !dec~ru~ 1·adio head. receivers I vpe 1"¾5AV'Y' ~.3.50 pe!" ?.-!-t:'~, E~r= :;.aJ Trading Company~ .. j 515 F..astern Parkway. Brook .. lyn. New York.

GET MORE DISTANCE-Buiid your own i:,,e,t •1t' ~~·­

huild ex.i,sting se-t {usually witl:tout, ad~itionai eq~1p­tnent) using our hook-up and bring 1n dt5tant !i-tahons both code and broadcast. \Ve get broadcasts over :dx hundred miles.f c.ode further. using only one tuhef no aedaL Simple to opet·ale. Pr-act:.ically no f&pacity t.:~ffec:t. \Viri1:1g d.\agratn and in&tructions mailed i~­inediately on receipt oi fifty r.:ents~ stamps or coin, Stop experimenting. \Vrite today. E. & M. Products Co., 50 State St., Boston, Mass~

FEW GENUINE GERMAN TELEFUNKEN H. \•i. AM­METERS with scale reading 0-4 amps, Fitted with

MENTION Q ST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

shunt for half scale reading and adjustment for tem­perature val"'iations. Very accurate: and sensitive. Brand new with original seals unbroken. Diameter 2 and % inches. Wliile they last, $3.50 each. Robert E. Goll, 1342 East 22nd St., Brooklyn, N. Y. ----· ·-·-·····-···--·-·----------- -----QRA SSM Clarence Gielow, Sandusky, Ohio.

UURNT OUT Tub,,s repaired. Cunningham, Radiotron, A, P., Moorhead and Marconi Detectors $3.00. Am• plifiers $3.50. Cash with order. Satisfaction guaran­teed. D. E. Gillmore, 46 Thomas St., Newark, N. J.

EDISON ELEMENTS for storage B batteries, six to ten c~nts per pair postpaid, depending entirely upon quantity ordered. /\, J. Hanks, 608 Montgomery St. Jersey City, N. J, '

SAVE 20% We are closing "ut a complete 5tock of Radio Sets. parts and supplies, including Grebe West• inghouse, Clapp-Eastham and Paragon. We ar~ offer­ing th~ new R.Z. ffad;"k Set for se\'enty dollars. All stock ,s new. We w,11 make C. 0. D. Shipments on orders accompanied by certified check or money ,>rder lor one fourth nf price. All stock 20% off Retail Price. "'Send iive c~nts for catalog. Hight Acces~ry Place, Rome. Georgia. i,-

.~EW 'iPi¼~~-rus--·-FoR SALE: Radio Corp. "❖ -;~ow~;. ~ r-a~sformer ~:~·~,13QR_'\.--• eighteen dollars. Acme In~ ~ucta!'ce and Grid W.l. seven dollars. Ii_ye __ ;;_m_p, ... We!\-­_,on 1 hermo-ammeter .. Model. 425, twelve ilollars. Ten F,,~l,eral 1000 Vo'lt .filter~Condenseis, $1.50 each. .Also !!,rl<l leaks, key, ttt.,es, etc. R. R. Hill, 918 Academy !:)treet, Watertown, N, Y ,

FOR SALE: Two ',·., K\V Thors. $7.50 each; Five Murdock Condenserst $1.75 each~ · Benwood 12 Strid Super Gap. $15.00. Eldridge H.W. Arumeter 0-5, $5.00. Ellwood Hoepfner, Paimyra, N. J.

FO.R ~,~LE lVe:;tin~ho~se Aedola .Sr. -c-e-,.~e-i_v_e-,,-.;-~m­pieie, .Y• !th .. Ph';'t1 ~:,, .:~nd tube. i\l~o 2 step Fe<lera1 ;.nnphfier. (n· 'dllJ t~ade for C.\V. Write lVm. Hulse. 1152 Hull St., Baltimore, Md.

····~---- ~---·····---·- ~ --· :2!:::.s9.-QRA~.:iohn P. ~~ugman, 422 \Vest 24th· sL:·-New '\· ork~ N. l ~ Ali catds answered.

FOR S.AL.E: Ne~- l)ubilier -w-~;- ]:;;.ns1uitting Con­denser. type Dl1J2, .007 mid., 21.0QO volts. Make offer. .R-.uiio Supplies~ 469 Washington Ave., West [,-h,ven, C,:,nn.

--~ ..... •----····-----------'fELEFU.:liKEN. 500 q,de spd.t'k ·'"'' and motor­generators. KH~nzie, 501 Eftist 84 street, New York.

----~--SAVE ,:,'ON£_¥ HERE: Clapp-Ea~tha;;, H.R: Re~eiv~~ $•35. ttCiapp .. E.a!:,tham two-step a1npiifier $a5. Clear­tone detm.;tor ar1d two step three drcuit rev.ene:a·ative re,:eive·r- $100. Baldwin -~c" !.,hones $15. L°ar~e- Bur­!?:!·~::,, .. ~•tr• Ratt~~ies,_ 22 1/,-: v. $2,75. Allan Kioehnke, :ti' J .3 l .. ongres~ ,.,/t., Uttawa, Ill.

:,,60(!, ME_TER l~fCEIVER $15.00. includes loos; ;,oup­ler~ ifil.4.~10. Branues, detector, condenser. E. Lan:gford 1820 Ohver St., Baltimore, Md. · •

FOR $ALE_ !KW Spark Transmitter rnmplete. Panel "!?unt_~d. __ i.'.h':ap to quick buyer·~ C. Leinbach, 706 N •. l.cth ::;t. Reading, Pa.

-----FOR_ SALE: 300 volt 15 w«tt Generator Set in "ood ,:nndit10n, . wHI handle 5 watt tube, $30. i\pply ~ for harther mformEltion. Davis Lewis 8''5 Columbia .i\.ve~, Millville, N. J. ' -

NTS: H. F. L"wenstein, 8th tloo;·•McLachl;n g,. '-'Ya:;hi~gton, D~ C. Registered Patent

f!Y, Mecha,n1ca! ~nd ~lectricai expert, Physicist. hav('! a11 1n-ve~lhon e1ther wholly new or an hn­

nent on so1nething already patented. send full ,. t1on and dr8:wing of sa1ne to me tor· personal

ad'(lc~ ~is to h?w to proceed in your particular case an~ esbmat~. «::f c.ostsa Because 1nany inventors have lost nut on taise encouragement, ·1 will advise of the possibilities of commercial failure jf l see them.

·-·-····---···-~= ----:FlR1;1T MONEY order for $90 -l:~kes 3-circuit broadcast receiver. ·with batteries, phones.. tube, antenna& Hear broadcasts ret·ularly l 500 miles with it. Lt•ck, Salt f'oint, N. Y. Thank ,-.,u. -

your needs. S. W. Mayer, Beechmont, New Rochelle, N. Y.

SPECIAL INTRODUCTORY OFFER! French Audlon tubes uobservation particuliers.1' Fits WDt 1 socket or ordinary adapter for VT socket. The all-round tube with which the French are breaking long dis• tance records. $2.79 postpaid subject to prior sale. The Merit Sales Company, 042 North Fulton Ave., Baltimore, Maryland.

FOR SALE: HOMCHARGER, nearly new, extra vi• brator, prepaid $12.00. Harvey Moore, Alstead, N. H.

2NF's Sine $park, hea1·d in Cuba, volt one Kilowatt transformer packard. Write for particulars. Second Ave., Long Branch, N.J.

also forty thousand and half kil~att H. McCollum, 130

lDQ'S C.W. TRANSMITTER. 10 watts complete with transformer, rectifier, and new tubes. $110. All letters answered. l OQ, Box 388, Stamford, Conn.

FOR SALE: 500 volt C.'W. Motor Generator. Never used or will trade for Grebe CRS or loud speaker. Make offer. George Neff, Jr., 49 N~ Gore Ave-,., Webster Groves, Mo. --·-··--·---· --------------------FOR SALE or trade 24 watt 350-v Motor Generator. What have you to offer? Stanley F. Northcott, 1204 N. Birney St .• Bay City, Mich.

TWELVE PER CENT DISCOUNT on all appat·atus. l.ists free. North Star Radio Co., Caledonia. Minn.

THlNK! For ~ale: No. 41 .Jefferson amplifying trans• formers $3.25 each. No. 45 Jefferson amplifying translormel'S $.5.00 each. UV 200's $4.00, UV 201 's $5.00. and 5 vratters $5.75. .<\II above in absolutely Al c,mdition. ;:,;;nt C. 0. I.l. 'Lowell Orth. 1412 N_ Adams~ Mason City, iowa.

:~ELL OR TRADE: 250 W.P. tube $70; Navy !!'. tubes :fVi'; Navy Mom·heads $6; l 000 v, 300 w ~ Escv .genera­tor $'70; RA-10, $50; Murdock regeneratm·. $15; P501 Navy t·uner with detector, listed $595, aaso; P3rts i00 "'N, trans1nitter-ev-1<;rything in 500 cycle appar-a-tH!'4-W~llt Navv and 'NE ~1pparatus. Edw. Page~ Cazenovia, N. \;"_ 8.A.QO & SXH. ·

MOTOR GENERATORS: Esco five hundred voit '""' hundred watt $6S. Benwood $89. Clapp-Eastham H"'-ceivers $31. T4:"rms C.O.D~ Patterson. Radio ~hop Hugo. Okla.

T.RAD.E,: Acme 50 watt transformer fnr 200 , 1,-att r\cme transformer. State rnuney difference. F~ Phill­ipson, 2274 Loring Place~ New York ('.Hy.

SELL: 1KW Thordarson Transformer $20. or exchange for .good Re~enerative tuner such as Clapp-Eastham. Aho Packard 1",KW, boxed in paraffin $12. Dr. H. M. Quisenbei'TY, Lexington, Vu.

WHILE THEY LAST-$.45.00 Receiving Sets inciud­iu*· Radiotron Detector $32.00. Two &ti!µ ampiifiers,­$22.00; $12.00 'lrans-Atlantic Phones, $8.00; Loud• speakt!"rs, $12.00; Homchargers,. $15.75,; 43 plate 'f./ adable Condensers ·\,;ith three plate v.:•l"nier and dial $5.50: Radiotron Detectors~ $4.25; )unpiifiers $5.75. OTHER BARGAINS. QST Radio Service. Williams• port~ Pa. _________ ·

YOU CAN'T BEAT THIS FOR $125.00. V,wfometer tuner, detector, two stag-e a1nplifier, !~ertuine Formica panel, all in beautiful ,:abinet. MAGNAVOX, bulbs. batteries and aerial equipment. ·No EXTRAS TO BUY. Concerts over :woo miles distant beard throughout large h)-<.,m. H:eque~t Bulletin No. 1,. desf'.'.ribinl! and illustrating Radex-Radio models, each selling for less than it would cost you to buy the parts and assernble them yourself. The Radio Exchange, Hamilton, Ind.

RADIO REPAIRING-anything but tubes. Send us you..- apparat~s that won't work. \\/e'U make it Hper­colate" or charge you nothing. Prlc~s Quoted for your approval before we hegin V1'ork. Rates reason­able., and satisfaction guaranteed. Only shop in the U: .:S~ doi!:{g ~uaranteed genera_! radio repairing and w1r1ng.~ Repair Dept., Radio Panel Shop, .Junction City, Kansas~ -·····--·----'~·-·-···-··---·--~- -·- ---·~----•···-·-·-·-·

PERSONAL ATTENTION given to your requirell'l~;;: BARGAINS: 2 Amrad Basketball variometers $4.So Best standard parts to build your own Radio Sets at each. l Simplex variocoupler $4.50. 1 pair Murdock a saving oi 1.0%. . Also Receiving Sets of reliable ~000 ohm phones $4.00. t Magnavox $36.50. Terms manufacture 01t a similar reduction. Let me know C.0.0. Elmer Scharbach, Hobart, Ind •

. !\LWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS 1 .... , .• Vi)

SACRIFICE Brandes Superiors $4.50, Arlinart"n coup­ler $4.50 Tresco 5000-25000 meter arc tuner $6.00, DL-750 :..ounted honey comb $1.40, n- biar Hipco 22½ volt B. Battery $1.50 Chelsea .001 panel mc,unt­inar condensers with dial $2.75, Murdock enclosed 23

. plate ta:hle type $2.50, aliarhtly used Cunnlnsbam ";m• plifier $4.00. Whole works for $25. Everyth1n1r work fine. John Richards, Carrollton, Ohio.

FELLOWS: The Clarion Headset at $5.00 Is the best headset buy on the market. It Is iruaranteed to pro­duce as arood or better results than any other headset rearardless of price. Money refunded If not entirely satisfactory. Send money order and receive a set by return mail. The test will tell. Citizens Wireless Service, Hornell, N. Y.

MUST SELL- DeForest OT3, 3 UV202, Federal Hand­microphone worth $130.00 for $40. Rhodes, Worcester Academy, Worcester, Mass.

PLEASE NOTICE: Call SGT bas been asstcned to James Maury Riargan, Pearsall, Texas.

TRADE FOR OMNIGRAPH. Rectifier, arun or both. Kenneth Roloson, 609 Castillo, Santa Barbara, Calif.

FOR SALE: Sliarhtly used Esco motor generator In perfect condition and as good as new. Generator 200 watt 1000 volt D.C. Motor 110 V 60 cycles A.C. 3500 R.P.M.· connected shaft. Base slate. Bronze bushing bearings, oil cups and distributing rings. Terms cash $100.00. Securely boxed. F.O.B. Fur­ther particulars, apply to William A. Roy, La Grange­ville, N. Y.

WE NEVER WON a beauty prize but 4GL Radio Frequency Transformers sure do the work. $3.15 each, postpaid, from factory to you. Ranare 200-600 meters. Circuit witb each transformer. Savannah Radio Shop, 1223 East Duffy Street, Savannah, Georaria.

WESTINGHOUSE RC $100.00; Clapp-Eastham HR receiver or HZ amplifier $26.00 both $50.00; Grebe CR-5 $65.00; All new 1oods; Paraaron RA6 $25.00; Any of the above sent C.O.D. upon receipt of $5.00; Ten Murdock Telephone receivers SS's and 56's $4.00 ,each cash. R. A. Saearer, Ankona, Fla.

FOR SALE: Four tube receivinar outfit. One radio two steps audio. F Schoenwolf, 4917 Warner Ave., <:hicqo.

SIX HUNDRED CYCLE two hundred fifty watt alter• flator Sine Rotary attached, quarter kilowatt trans­former dubilier Condenser Inductance Alternator fine for ICW. All $25.00. Four new VT2's $25.00. 0. M. Shaw, Marathon, Texas.

BARGAINS R3 Magnavox $36.00; Maarnavox 2 staire Power Amplifier $65.00; Marshall Gerken Moulded Variometers $5.50; Variocouplers $4.50; Rheostats $1.00; Sockets $0.90; 4" dials $0.80; Remler 3" bakelite dials $0.60. Supply limited. Order at once. Also sliarhtly used Omnlar,aph with 15 dials and buzzer .$9.00. Cash with order. L. C. Shell, New Washinar­ton, Ohio.

MUST SELL 20 watt C.W. fone complete with 200 watt motor-generator, tubes, key, microphone, buzzer. Rad. 3.5 amp. Cost $275. Sell $185. H. Siebens, 5772 DeGiverville, St. Louis, Mo.

FOR $275 CASH 8L.F. Telephone-Telegraph trans­mitter including motor generator tubes, filament trans­former, four meters, antenna change over switch, key, ·buzzer, microphone and Westinghouse RC Receiver

~:!:~~:~o Tv:i;etei;;s f~w;.C0~i::ra?J.!

0 ;.dt Fl~rr::.

Highest class workmanship tubes new and will iUaran­tee. W. K. Thomas, 17 Emerson Avenue, Crafton, Pa., A.D.M. Atlantic Division.

RADEX-RADIO. Sensitive, selective, simple to oper­ate, at a price you can. afford. Request Bulletin No. 4, illustrating and describing various models. The Radio Exchange, Hamilton, Ind.

BARGAIN I $75 takes Amrad tuner, detector and two step and two stage radio frequency set. Been used -0nly few months. Will sell in separate units If wish. -George Traber, Jr., Perry, N. Y.

.HUNDRED WA TT Radio Corporation Radiophone Transmitter complete for sale, Includes all necessary .apparatus Including Kenotrons and one extra fifty watt oscillatlnar tube. Will sell at an extremely

reasonable price. L. D. Stewart, Ironwood, Michiaran.

WANTED: Several Seibt variable condensers. Advise capacity, condition, best caah price. K. B. Warner, c/o QST •

REGENERATIVE RECEIVER consistinar of two shielded variometers, coupler and detector. Almost new. Cost $37.00.· Take $25.00 Holtzer-Cabot and Brandes phones, practically new. $5.00 each. K. Winslow, Winter Park, Florida.

INVENTORS: Protect your Invention through A. M. Wilson, Inc., Wasbinarton, D. C. Over 25 years of efficient, expert, confidential service. Skilled in Radio­Electrical, Chemical, and Mechanical fields. Our latest illustrated Patent Book, ariving much necessary and very useful Information which every Inventor should know, will be sent free upon request. Prompt and careful attention. Highest references. Moderate fees. Send sketch or model for our careful opinion and pre­liminary advice. Write today to A. M. Wilson, Inc., (Radio 3ARH) 310-16 Victor Bailding, Washington, D. C.

BARGAINS--No. 2 Jr. Omnigraph with 15 dials $15. 1 vario-coupler, 2 variometer, wired, regenerative set, mounted on bakelite panel 21" • 62, in mahoarany fin­ished cabinet. Money back if unsatisfactory. Henry C. Winte, Chesaning, Mich.

CLEARANCE SALE. Unusual bargains in new and and used apparatus to make room for new stock. Bulletin S-3 for two cent stamp. The Radio Exchange. Hamilton, Ind.

WANTED 3600 R.P.M. Synchronous motor for gap. State price. Radio 8TC.

TERMNAPANELS--Drawer shelf terminal panels of correct deaign1 for modern receiving apparatus. Five types efficiently aerving all purposes. Furnished com­plete with printed connections, template, special tinn­ed luars and nickel plated mounting· screws. Write for prices. A. L. Woody (TERMNAPANELS). Home­wood, Illinois.

Discard your Storaare Battery and use Dry Cells on your Tubes

"THE STEINMETZ ADAPTER"

Will enable you to do this by simply lnsertlnar It In your standard socket and uslnar the Weatlnarhouse Dry Cell Tube. STEINMETZ 3000 ohm phones $6.60; 2000 ohm $6.00; 1000 ohm phone $1.76. Equal to any $1.0 or $12 phones made . "Complete Catalog" 6c at your dealers or

STEINMETZ WIRELESS MFG. CO., INC. 5706 Penn Avenue, Pittsburirh, Pa.

HYGRADE SPECIALS 7-Stranded Copper Aerial Wire, 200 ft ... $1.00 !;763 Eveready Variable B. Battery. . . . . 1.25 li766 Eveready Variable B. Battery. . . . . 2.25 #767 Eveready Variable B. Battery ..... 4.25 45 Volt Cyclone Variable B. Battery ... 2.50 Thordarson Am.plifyinar Transformers .•..• 3.49 Acme Amplifyinar Transformers (Mounted) 4.00 Federal Amplifying Transformers ...•... 5.75 Skindervikin T11ansmiitter Buttons. . . . . . .75 2ooo--Ohm Murdock #56 Head Set. . . . . 4.49 3~hm Murdock #56 Head Set. . . . . 4.98 Federal 2200-0hm Head Set .........•. . 6.50 Western Electric Head Set ............. 9.75 6 V. 20 A. I Marko Stora1e Batteries I 8.95 6 V. 50 A. are 11.95 6 V. 80 A. 15.45 6 v. 110 A. Guaranteed 2 Years 18.95

Above prices are F.O.B. New York Hygrade Electrical Novelty Co. 41 West 125th St., New York, N. Y.

134 ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

FOR YOUR CONVENIENCE

QSTS INDEX OF ADVERTISERS IN THIS ISSUE

Acme Apparatus Co., The ..........•................ 95 Acme Wire Co ........•......................•...... 111 Adams-Morgan Co., The .....................••.•..•• 89 Alden-Napier Co ........................•..........• 110 Allen-Bradley Co., The ...........................••. 98 Alter & Co., Harry •.....•.........................• 114 American Radio Mfg .. .............................. 100 American Radio & Research Corp .............. 4th Cover American Transformer Co., The ......••.•..........• 118 Atwater-Kent Mfg. Co ..•••••.••...••..••••••••••••••• 1 Automatic Electrical Devices Co ............•.......• 120

Beckley-Ralston Co., The ....•.•.•...•.............. 120 Briggs & Stratton Co .....•..•••...•............... 105 Bunnell & Co., J. H .........•...................... 181 Burgess Battery Co .................................. 81

C. & E Company .....•.•...•............•••••••••• 126 Chelsea Radio Co ......•.......................•.... 128 Chicago Radio Apparatus Co ....................••.• 108 Clarion Radio Shop ......•..•...................•..• 110 Classified Advertisements .................... 132-183-184 Connecticut Telephone & Electric Co .......... 3rd Cover Continental Radio & Elec. Corp •...................... 186 Copper Clad Steel Co ••.....•........•........•..•.• 106 Coto-Coil Company ................•..........••••.• 102 Crosley Mfg. Co ....................... 82-83-84-85-86-87 Crowell Co., Thomas Y ..................•......•..• 104 Cunningham, E. T .....•..................••....•..•• 91 Cutler-Hammer Mfg. Co., The .......••..••••.•...... 94

Danziger-Jones, Inc ................................. 104 Diamond State Fibre Co .........................••• 121 Dictograph Products Corp •..•..•...........••.•...•• 109 Dongan Elec. Mfg. Co ..............................• 120 Doubleday-Hill Electric Co ......•...•.••.•.....••••• 100 Duck Co., _The Wm. B ...•.•...................... . 181

Eby Mfg. Co., The H. H •....•...........•.••..•.••• • 88 Economic Appliance Co .........•..............•.... 102 Egyptian Radio Co., The ..........••...........•..• 129 Eisemann Magneto Corp •.•.........••.•.....•..•..•• 99 Electric Specialty Co.i Inc ..................•....... 108 Elwood Electric Co., nc ......•.•..•..•.....•..•••. • 124 European Radio Co .............•..................• 131

Federal Tel. & Tel. Co .........•..............•..•.. 100 Fer bend Electric Co ..•....................•........• 104 Formica Insulation Co., The ........................ 117 France Mfg. Co., The .............................• 114 Franklin Radio Mfg. Co .........................••• 128 Freshman Co., Inc., Charles ..........•............• 116 Frost, Herbert H .................................... 92

General Electric Co .........................•...•..• 119 General Radio Co ......•.......•...............•••••• 97 Grebe & Co., A. H ............................•....•• 4

Hartford Instrument Co ...................... 2nd Cover Hayes & Newton ................................... 125 Higgy-Avery Co., The .......................••.•.•• 116 Hipwell Mfg. Co ..........................•.•••.••• 124 Horning, Inc., Walter R ............................ 122 Hygrade Elec. Novelty Co ........................... 134

Jewell Electrical Inst. Co ...................•.... 128-130 Jones, James H ...........•......................... 80

Kellogg Switchboard & Supply Co ................... 112 Kimley Electric Co ........•.•....................•.. 94 King "Am-Pli-Tone" ........•....................... 124 Klein's Radio & Electric Supply Co .................. 131

Lamb Co., F. Jos .................................. 124 Leich Electric Co ..................................• 125 Lorain Radio Supply Co ...........................• 118-Lynn Radio Co ..................................... 103-

M. C. E. Co .............................••.....••.• 122 Magnavox Co., Inc., The ............................. 96 Marie Engineering Co ..•••.•...•....•.......•....•• 112 McCallum Appliance Co ............................. 130· Metal Arts Co ...................................... 100· Mu-Rad Laboratories, Inc ............................ 96

Newman-Stern Co., The ............................ 131

O-B Radio Co .............••....................... 128-

Pacent Electric Co., Inc ...........................• 106 Philadelphia Wireless Sales Corp .............•...... 112· Pittsburgh Radio & Appliance Co., Inc .............. 108 Potter Co., The C. D ................................ 116

QST-Radio Clubbing Otter ....•.......•.............. . 2

Radiall Co .....•................••..............•.. . 126 Radio Products Corp .. : . .......................•.... 102· Radio Specialty Co ..•....•.•.•....................... 98 "Radio Telephony for Amateurs" ....................• 2: Radio Testing Station ....•......•............•..... 110 Rasla Sales Corporation .....•••...................... 92· Rauland Mfg. Co .................................... 122: Remler Radio Mfg. Co •.•....................•.....• 180 Reynolds Radio Co., Inc •..•....•..............•••..• 126-Rleger Research Corp •..•.••................•....•.• 115-Rose Radio & Elec. Supplies ..............•.....•.•• 126, Rusonite Products Corp ............................. 127

Second District Convention ......................... 123 Signal Electric l\lfg. Co .•••...................•..... 118-Simplex Radio Co ......•..•...•..................... 118-Southern Radio Corporation ........................ 127 Standard Assembling Co ....••...................... 104 Standard Radio & Electric Co ....................... 90 Standard Transformer Co., The ..................... 114 Star Radio Specialty Co ............................ 181 Steinmetz Wireless Mfg. Co ........................• 134 Sterling Mfg. Co., The .......•...•.................. 106-Stromberg-Carlson Telephone Mfg. Co ............... 122

Telephone Maintenance Co ........................... 80 Third Radio Dist. Convention ....................... 127 Thordarson Elec. Mfg. Co ........................•... 98

Valley Electric Co ................................... 90· Van Nostrand Co., D ............................... 129

Westinghouse Union Battery Co .................... 101 Weston Electrical Instrument Co ..................... 88 Willie Switch & Instrument Co .....................• 124 Wireless Mfg. Co ................................... 107 Wireless Press, Inc ........•.•.......•........•..••. 180· World Battery Co .......................•......••.•• 126-

ALWAYS MENTION QST WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

L n~wlvrks Ceaoing Raoio 1/ouse••

CLAPP-EASTHAM TYPE HR RECEIVER-TYPE HZ-2 ST AGE AMPLIFIER

This Clapp-Eastham Set

Consists of a Type HR Regenerative Receiver and a Type HZ Two Stage Amplifier, uniform in size and fine finish. Strong, clear tone, simple tuning, utmost reliability. Complete with Federal Head Telephones, Magnavox Horn, Antenna Equipment, all Tubes and Batteries: $177.50.

Glad to write or show you all about it!

"Modern Radio"-a new two hundred and eight page catalog of our Wireless supplies, equipment and apparatus sent for twenty-five cents.

CONTINENT AL RADIO and ELECTRIC CORPN. 6 AND 15. WARREN STREET NEW YORK, U.S.A.

136 ALWAYS MENTION Q S T WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS

G()JS"NEGTICU ~ RADIO

A Transformer That Is Made Righi

C ONNEC'l'lCU'r Trau­former J-121, $5.00

Perfectly shielded windings leave its field unaffected by neighboring fields.

Well separated terminal blocks of CETEC eliminate possibility of leak­age between terminals.

High grade silicon alloy steel is used in the core. The windings are vacuum impregnated.

Designed to reduce distortion by per­fectly balancing input and output cir­cuits of tubes.

Por appearance and for performance this transformer will satisfy the most exacting operator.

Write for b1illetin of CONNECTICUT n;dio apparatwi

•

,.

7k /&cog"nized Sym.iol <f Superior .'AYfarnultlce

AMRAD

"S" TUBE

RECTIFIER No. 3000 llatini,;-•20 watts

Volt"~" 300 - 760 v. Ca1,11.eit.y 5\J :M.A.

Priee--$8.00

A MRAD "S" TUBE 3000 is finding increas-ing favor with relay men as a reliable

and efficient rectifier of high voltage alter­nating current. It requires no filament heat­ing current and ia therefore exceptionally long lived-3000 hours and upwards can he expecte,d.

"S"' TUBE 3000 passes sufficient current to operate two five-watt power tubes and for this ,,purpose the Tube is e.xpre&11ly designed.

A high voltage supply con.aisting of two AMRAD ''S". TUBES 3000 and AMRAD MERSHON ELECTROLYTIC CONDENSERS is ideal for 10 watt C.W. or telephone tran•• mitten. "S" Tubes, being free from "hack leak," and Mershon Condensers, providing a capacity of 30 mfcl. each, insure freedom from annoying hum or lif"owi.

Mer11hon Condenser& are now shipped filled with Electrolyte permitting easy .11nd quick installation.

Bu.I/et.in E' 1w11/: /tee on request: describeN both the A MRAD "S" TUBB RE'CTTFIER ct11d :HE'R­SHON ELECTROLYTIC CON­DENSE'.R and rtit>es wiring dfri­grlHn1<. Complete Amrnd C:n!:aiov 10 centB in 8tamp.~. AMRAD

M.E. CONDENSER No. 27.r:7

Price $8.00

i~lM..~.Rl(:~~~:A DIO p~~.RE§:E.'..~ ~.~~H . ltPORATIC•N

205 College Ave., Medford Hillside, Mass.

New York Diatrict Office " . 13 Park Row

Chicago District Office 218 South State Street