THE PROPHETS, THEIRLIVES AND THEIR

STORIES

by Abdul-Sâhib Al-Hasani Al-'âmili

Edited By

Mohammed Mehboob Husain

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Translator's Word

This is my humble translation for the book of Abdul-Sâhib Al-'âmeli. Of course, and because of thehigh flexibility of Arabic and it's numerous words and divisions, my translation won't exactly be in thesame line of the book, but I tried my best to give the overall meaning as much as and as clearer aspossible. This book is considered a valuable item in any Shiite library, and I would like to notice outthat there is another book and considered older than this one which was written by a scholar and aholy faithful man called "Al-Sayed Al-Jazâ'iri" but I really did not get to know this book very well, butin this translation of the book of Abdul-Sâhib you will find some reference for the book of Al-SayedAl-Jazâiri.

I faced many troubles analysing and trying to understand the complex philosophical terms in order toproceed with my translation but I couldn't be lucky all the time, so whenever I couldn't continuetranslating I've put a notice of that between square brackets [..]. Maybe it is important to show someof the characteristics of the creed of Shiite in order to understand some parts of the book, of courseif you are an Arabic learner and could read, then reading this book by its Arabic contents would befar more beneficial to you to understand what is going on. For Shiite people, they believe that everyprophet or a messenger from God, since the time of Adam until the last messenger which isMuhammad, every one of them got a viceroy or a saint that would take care of things after the deathof the prophet or the messenger himself. For example, there is Asaph the son of Berechiah who wasa viceroy for king Solomon, and there is Joshua the viceroy of Moses and lot others, and so do theprophet Muhammad got a viceroy, which is his cousin and the husband of his daughter, 'Ali ben AbiTâlib, and after 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib comes his children and his descendants. For sunnite muslims, theydo not believe in such thing, but believe that the prophet ordered things to be organized in acommittee after his death, and such thing is denied by Shiite believers. It is important to note outthat Shiite and Sunnite are creeds and not bound to some borders and to some countries as someothers think. Lot of people think that a Shiite would mean Iranian person which is something not trueat all, but people got this impression because supposedly that the modern islamic government inIran is a Shiite government, although it has different aspects than other sub-Shiite creeds, and thespeech about this will take long time and maybe it needs a book for its own sake.Here are some ofthe abbreviations and notifications first that I used in my translation: PUH: Peace Upon Him (Her)PUT: Peace Upon Them from (name1) from (name2) ...etc: This is called the chain of the speech orsaying and points out the names of people that carried the tidings or news. [..] = a personal note (..)= further translation or an abbreviated expression (?) = means not clearly understood or couldn't beexplained ben = "The son of", like the Irish "mac" þ,Þ = TH as in Thin XXXXX ð,Ð = TH as in There

Here I mention the names of the Household of Muhammad, whom Shiite believe in , notice that"ben" means "son of", it is like the Irish "mac" in names, and the names between the brackets arethe most famous surnames for each one:1. the prophet Muhammad (PUH) 2. 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib, theprince of believers (PUH) [the husband of Fâtima the daughter of the prophet, and the cousin of theprophet and his viceroy]3. Al-Hasan ben 'Ali (Al-Mojtabâ) 4. Al-Husain ben 'Ali (Al-Shaheed: meaningthe martyr) 5. 'Ali ben Al-Husain (Zayn Al-'Abedeen) 6. Muhammad ben 'Ali (Al-Bâqir) 7. Ja'far benMuhammad (Al-Sâdiq) 8. Musa ben Ja'far (Al-Kâðim) 9. 'Ali ben Musa (Al-Ridha) 10. Muhammad ben'Ali (Al-Jawâd) 11. 'Ali ben Muhammad (Al-Hâdi) 12. Al-Hasan ben 'Ali (Al-'Askiri) 13. Muhammad benAl-Hasan (Al-Mahdi)and the last one is called the "awaited" because Shiite believe he is still alive and

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will appear at the time when wrong and ill comes all over the world and he will be with Jesus toplace justice all over the world.

This is all for this event, I hope I've answered most of the questions and I hope this might help inunderstanding what is mentioned in the translation of the book.

At the end I would like to thank the owners of some sites that helped a lot in my translations andthey are: www.sacred-texts.com : for the Pickthall translation of the Quran

www.biblestudytools.net : for the old and new testaments translation within Greek and Hebrewwhich helped a lot in translating the prophets and saints names into English as much as possible.

The translator: Taher Al-Shemaly (TJ) Kuwait

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Introduction

In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful

And prays on the most righteous of His creation, Muhammad and his Household and his mates thehonourable and guided (It is) About what concerns a bunch of prophets, and viceroys, in some oftheir own matters (Know) that our believe in prophets, and their viceroys and the Angels (PUT), theyare infallible and purified from any impurities and they don't guilt either a big one or a small one,and never refuse the commandments of God and do whatever they are commanded with, andwhoever refuse the idea of their infallibility in any situation then he did miss them. And our believein them is that they are described with completeness of wisdom and honour and patience andbravery and so on and never described with less aspects in any of their matters. Then, the prophetsand viceroys and the purified Imams and the like before them (PUT), it is doubtless that their timesare busy with God and their hearts are full of Him and their minds are connected to the heavensworld and always watching for God, for he said (The prophet PUH): worship God as you see Him, so ifyou don't see Him, He sees you. So, they are always watching, attending toward Him, the Exalted,with their total. Whatever is apparent in their prays (psalms) and their speeches and their books andthe other of their sayings about falling in sin it is just to behave humbly for God and it includes themaximum thankfulness for Him, the Exalted. It is mentioned about our prophet (PUH) that he usedto exhaust himself in worshipping, so one of his wives asked him: didn't God forgive you for whateverwas made and whatever will be from your sins? So he said to her: Yes, but shouldn't I be a thankfulslave? Until The Holy called him by His call "Ta. Ha. We have not revealed unto thee (Muhammad)this Qur'an that thou shouldst be distressed"(Ta Ha:1-2) meaning not to exhaust yourself and spendthe maximum of your power in worshipping. In it also there is a teaching for people and directingthem towards Him, the Exalted, and to take people away from pride and preventing the worshippingand praying, and to be humble for Him, the Exalted. How shall we consider whatever comes fromthem (the prophets PUT) from deeds and sayings what is apparent to be a sin that is indeed a sintowards God, the Exalted? God forbid! And they are more honourable and faithful than that level tobe blamed for a sin. Aren't they the commanders by God over the creatures and His loyals for Hislaws and His religion and the callers to obey Him, and God put them for this purpose, so they are thetongue of God that speaks to His slaves and Its translator to His creation. So, how come they do a sinand how come they become like normal people and not destinctive from them, and they are theones who take care of His commandments to His creation, and is it rightful by logic for them to beloyals for God over His creation and someone would say to them "Enjoin ye righteousness uponmankind while ye yourselves forget"(Al-Baqarah: 44) Are they mentioned with sin?

It is the reason to let people go away from them. Doesn't the sinner get thrown by stones if he triedto forbid people of the sins he did himself, or gets his head in the sand and told to him: disciplineyourself and your people before you try to discipline others? So, how come they can be loyals to Godand they are polluted with sins and people should have gone away from them and deny their deeds?

Don't people understand the claim of sins to the saints of God (apostles of God, faithful people),don't they stop? Was God unable to Make infallible people and destinctive from others to take careof His laws? No, and God forbid! But He did not Send any messenger and Made a viceroy after himexcept he was purified and infallible and without any sins and mistakes or impurity.

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So, how do we consider anything done by them as a guilt and it is a sin and that their humilating forthemselves for God and sanctifying Him is because that they are like all creatures and their Lord didnot Make them special or Care much about them. Look with your heart to some of the slaves in thislife whenever they refuse the commands of their masters and their masters heard about that, won'tthey be blamed by people and deserved for punishment as they think. So what do you think of theLord of lords and the King of kings that nothing can be hidden from Him from his kingdom on earthor in heavens, and for this he pointed out (PUH) [maybe 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib is meant here] : the gooddeeds of the faithful are the sins of the close relative (?). Some said: it might be said that doingsomething undesirable and leaving the desirable deed and do some of the allowed things might looklike in the eyes of the infallible persons like prophets and saints (viceroys) that they are sins so theysanctify God (asking for forgiveness) and if they did it again they become more sad for it and havegreat sadness in their holy souls. Look with the eye of your heart to the psalms (prays) of the Princeof Believers (PUH) and the psalms (prays) of Al-Imam Al-Sajjâd Zain Al-'âbideen[i.e. 'Ali ben Al-Husainben 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib PUH] in Al-Saheefah Al-Sajjâdiyah [it is a name of a book that contains praysand psalms of the Imam] and his psalm that mentioned by Abi Hamzah Al-Þomâly and to hisboredom in his prays and the hard sadness over him and the great sorrow of him for what he didbeside his Lord and others than him from his fathers and children and how great is their humilationand their perishableness in the Self of God for they had the deep view into His might and His powerand pride and they know very well how great He is and how gracious He is. So, for this, most of theirdeeds in their worshipping and prayers were for someone that was sure of the torture andpunishment. As if he commited every crime and done the great sins. From this concept was themistake of our father Adam (PUH) where the fobid of eating from the tree inside paradise was onlyfor honourable purposes and not a strict forbid as for a sin. As it is mentioned and approved in booksmade for this subject (the infallibility of prophets) by 'Alam Al-Huda Al-Sayid Al-Mortadhâ andothers, check out. And God forbid that prophets and the messengers and the saints (viceroys) andthe Arch-Angels may commit any sin and they are the ones that were assigned by God to take care ofHis religion and the callers and the ones that take care of His slaves and His rulers over His creations.

Then if we did accept that they do sins and guilt so then we don't mind them to do the great sins forwhich punishments must be applied without any difference. So who will do the punishment of them?Only the one that takes care of religion would do the punishment, so would he do it over himself? Orsomeone else would do it over him by an order from him? (Answer me may God have mercy uponyou, isn't that one who claims this shy of God for this?). Or maybe the one who claims this havesome sickness in his soul to let other wear this dress [meaning infallibility] and let others take theirplaces instead (places of prophets), Those who do wrong will come to know by what a (great) reversethey will be overturned! And your Lord is not in the least unjust for the slaves. Then do not forgetthat all the prophets and saints (viceroys) had been oppressed and hurt and no one answered theircalls except few from their nations (Few of My bondmen are thankful) (Saba': 13) Then what does itmean God's saying "Lo! We verily do help Our messengers, and those who believe, in the life of theworld and on the day when the witnesses arise"(Al-Mu'min, Ghâfir: 51)? Al-Imâm Al-Sâdiq (PUH)was asked about the meaning of this holy phrase and he answered: this is, and I swear by God, in theday of coming back, didn't you know that lot of the prophets of God did not get a victory in life andthe viceroys after them got killed and never helped in life, but they will gain victory in the day ofcoming back before the doomsday. And the witnesses are the Imâms (PUT).

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The tidings coming from the Holy Household for this subject are a lot and in brief it points out thatthe return of the prophets to the life after death and before the doomsday is something essentialand no way out of it to get revenge from their enemies that wronged them and hurt them and foughtthem and didn't believe in them and set wars against them and took their rights from them: butwhen that is going to happen? It would be at the day when the witnesses arise and they are thepurified Imâms from the Household of Muhammad (PUH) and that is when the "awaited" appears,the ruler of the current time that we are in and he is the Imâm that his name is the same as themessenger of God (PUH) and his surname is the same as well and he is the son of Al-Hasan ben 'Aliben Muhammad ben 'Ali ben Musa ben Ja'far ben Muhammad ben 'Ali ben Al-Husain ben 'Ali benAbi Tâlib (PUT) (the one born in year 256 Hejira) in Sâmarra' in Iraq.

Al-Sayid Al-Jazâ'iri said in his tales: The meaning of the messengers in the holy phrase "Lo! We verilydo help Our messengers" is the prophets. The apparent from this Holy Speech and whatever comesin its meaning is a sign that all the prophets will come back to life in the small doomsday and God willgive them victory by power and Angels over their enemies and the enemies of the Household ofMuhammad (PUH), and God will give life again to their nations that hurt them and the bad ones fromUmayyads [Bani Umayya or the Children of Umayya, who had a kingdom in Syria and thesurroundings, they were usually marked with aggressive nature and even killed the grandson of theprophet, but still some people deny this although it is a well known fact in history!] and whoeveraccepted their deeds from their children and others. Also God will give life to whoever had a purefaith from the nations to let them win the rewards of victory and fights and live in the kingdom ofMuhammad's Household (PUH). [here comes a holy phrase but I couldn't locate it in Quran, maybethe writer didn't memorize it so well!] Then all the prophets since Adam (PUH) until their end andthe master of messengers Muhammad the Chosen (PUH), and they count for one hundred thousandsand twenty four thousands prophets and one hundred and twenty four thousands viceroys, for everyprophet has a viceroy and their masters are five upon which life went around and they are theowners of laws and whoever came with repeated laws they were copied from the previous and theyare Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and Muhammad and they are the "prophets of constancy", maypeace be upon them all. This is what was pointed out by tidings and what was said by our scholarsand as said by Al-Sayed Al-Jazâ'iri and whatever points the opposite of that it would be carried by selftrial for interpretation. About the messengers, as mentioned by the prophet (PUH) and the surepaths that they were (three hundreds and thirteen) messengers..etc and it is probable also that thebooks are one hundred and four books, and twenty one books were revealed on Adam (PUH). It ismentioned also that it was revealed on Seth the gift of God (PUH), by God, fifty books and on Enoch(PUH) thirty books, and on Abraham twenty books, and Revealed (God) Torah, Bible, Psalms andQuran and this speech been repeated many times so no doubt about its contents. And they werecalled the "ones of constancy", and they are the five masters but because they were sent to the eastand west and to people and Djinns and this meaning is mentioned in lot of tidings and mentioned bylot of Muslims scholars, by Ibn 'Abbâs and Qotâdah. And they say that they were called "ones ofconstancy" because they were the first to believe in God in the world of atoms and believed in everyprophet that would come before or after them and decided to have patience inspite of calling themliars and being hurt. And said also that they were called like that because they were ones of laws andregulations so that every prophet that came after Noah (PUH) was on his (Noah's) laws and path anda follower to his books until the time of Abraham (PUH) and then until the time of Moses the son of

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Amram (PUH) then until the time of Jesus the son of Mary (PUH) and then until the time ofMuhammad (PUH).

Then the difference between the messenger and the prophet is that the messenger is the one thatgets inspiration from God the Exalted by a message or a book or allowances and non-allowances andso on, and so he is a messenger from God to the ones who are sent to from His slaves and creation.The messenger could be non-human but it may be an Angel like Gabriel and Azrael and others (PUT).Or it may be a bird like the hoopoe of Solomon the son of David (PUH) and so on either from God orfrom the creature as it appears. And the prophet is the one that God inspires and Guides him andwhatever God wants from him flows in his heart without any doubt or imagination and he listens tothe sound of Angels in his dreams but he can't see them, and the messenger also can dream aboutAngels and listens to them and also see them as we see each other. But the viceroy that is appointedfrom God to take care of matters after the messenger can hear the Angels but can't see them. It ismentioned in Al-Saheeh [seems a book name] from Al-Ahwal said: I heard Zorârah ben A'yon askingAbâ Ja'far Al-Bâqir (PUH) so he said to him: tell me about the messenger and the prophet and thespeaker. So he said in his answer: the messenger is the one that Gabriel (PUH) come to him so he cantalk to him and see, and the prophet is the one that see in his dreams as it was for Abraham (PUH)and as the prophet of God (Muhammad PUH) did see the reasons of prophecy before gettinginspired until Gabriel (PUH) did come to him from God with the message and and when Muhammad(PUH) got the prophecy and the message from God, Gabriel (PUH) used to come to him and talk tohim about it, and the speaker is the one that speaks and listens but do not see in his dreams nor inhis awakeness.

What is understood from the trusted speeches that one person can have the prophecy and themessage and the imamship [imam = viceroy] like our prophet Muhammad (PUH) and Abraham (PUH)and others than them, and Abraham was a prophet and not a viceroy until God said to him "Lo! Ihave appointed thee a leader for mankind. (Abraham) said: And of my offspring (will there beleaders) ? He said: My covenant includeth not wrong-doers" (Al-Baqarah: 124) and it is that who everis wrong and worshipping idols will not get the covenant of God so won't be a leader (imam) takingcare of matters and a viceroy for the messenger for his nation and whoever the messenger was sentto, and so he won't be appointed by God for this purpose to save the religion and the laws after themessenger is lost, so he won't be good for imamship (caliphate) after him (the messenger) and doingthe things after him except these who are purified from a pure descendants. Because imamship isthe general leadership over all the creations from human beings and Djinns and it is not to be exceptfrom God, the Exalted, and by His commandments, and He supported the imam with miracles andvirtues and he must be the most intellegent among people and the most brave and the most faithfulone and the most eloquent the knows the most about everything and about everything that thecreation needs from living purposes and have the knowledge of every tongue and language and canspeak it better than its natives even. There are other stuff concerning the imamship that the humanbrain can't take nor bear but only the special of them, so imamship is better than prophecy and morehonourable and higher with no doubt.

Then our book that is between your hands, is to obtain some of the conditions of prophets andmessengers that were mentioned in Quran by names or by some of their characteristics, and Quranmay point to someone by his character only and the Muhammedan laws (tales) mention him byname and person. We may mention a lot of them that Quran did not mention but the tales come to

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mention them where Quran did not mention of prophets except few of them that do not exceedforty almost. Then the dependance in obtaining their conditions was on the Muhammedan tales thatwere reached by the trusted persons who interpreted it and by the tidings from the Household ofMuhammad (PUT) that were taken from the trusted books and persons, with a notification of whatwas taken from the Torah and the Bible. Lot of people wrote about this subject but it is a greatsorrow that I did not see any of such writings that would satisfy, but it was the opposite. Lot of themmixed things together and lost the truth and deformed the beauty of such thing and so made othersbe away from catching some of its seas. And no one of its subjects' matters would be without acollection of the thin and the fat and edited with weird stuff and picked from it several straws orwritten with ill hand, so it looks with an ill eye and ill heart inclined away from the path of truth.

So there were no subject that keeps up its own matters or collects its own requirements. But this onebetween your hands (and thanks be to God, for Him be the pretty praises) we were lucky to get itorganized and check all of its contents to its certain limits except few which, for necessity, had to beplanted other than its position, and God is the Guider to the path of truth.

In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful

Introduction of The Second Edition I did not expect when I started to write my book (The prophet,their lifes and tales) that it would be so famous and hands will try to get it from the press before itbecomes available in the markets, although I did not come up with a miracle. But all what I was ableto do is to show a complete summary for the lives of some of the prophets and their tales which waswritten with lot of mistakes sometimes and fabricated in other times, so my style was easy andsimplified to be fit for all levels, and that had the good effects over the readers and this is what Ithanked God for, and after a while all the copies were sold out from markets although it was printedin the offset without a previous permission and we had a tale with them, and inspite all of that wegot lot of requests to re-print it with some fixes and corrections, so we answered the call of "Al-Tawjeeh Al-Islami" press, for they publish the islamic book away from the benefits. May God helpthese who run it. Then I ordered our son, the scholar, Mr. Muhammad 'Ali Al-Hasani to notice outsome chapters and check and correct whatever mistakes did occur by coincedence in the first editionto let out this new edition in a satisfactory and proper way compared to the researches of this book,and that it gets the satisfaction from the readers and the Prevention is for God's only.

I won't exaggerate when I say that when I started writing I've feared the situation, because thesearch is in the lives of prophets died thousands of years ago, and in their lives that was full of actionand humanity and dignity and nobility, and to mention the mysteries of these long times of theirmovements and their lives and spreading out the religion that was assigned to them by God, and forwhich God did send them and made them prophets and messengers, but this fear did fade awaywhen I started and began although it did take lot of my time in looking at the numerous resourcesand investigating that needs a time not be considered easy and checking in some stories and talesthat opposes each other sometimes in the life of each prophet, not as the books I made before andafter this book whatever was printed of them and whatever still written, until God helped me withsuccess so it came out with this relatively good picture to the existence, and thanks to God firstly andlastly, asking Him to Accept it from me with a good acceptance and Give me from His grace, andMake the believers that avoid the stumbles benefit from it, and God is the Helper. The AuthorMarkabâ-Jabal 'Âmil-Lebanon 1/1980AD - 2/1400H

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About Some Conditions of the Father of Human Beings "Adam" (PUH) and The Beginning of ThisCreation

Said God in his Holy Book: And when thy Lord said unto the angels: Lo! I am about to place a viceroyin the earth, they said: Wilt thou place therein one who will do harm therein and will shed blood,while we, we hymn Thy praise and sanctify Thee ? He said: Surely I know that which ye know not.Since "Viceroy" by language and tradition points out to what takes the place of what was before intime, then there must have been another Responsible agent before him (Adam), and that is pointedout by the opposition of the Angels, and this opposition is not done except by them for they bear theknowledge of the ex-mischiefers because they said "Wilt thou place therein one who will do harmtherein and will shed blood, while we, we hymn Thy praise and sanctify Thee?" and it was pointedout by news, tidings and traces that the existence of pre-Adam creatures did take place and they arethe Djinns and others and earth was full of them. And also pointed out of the existence of lions,beasts and all of the other animals, and also the existence of rulers and vicegerents for God,command by His commandment and prohibit by His prohibition, so they were ordering for Goodnessand prohibiting the Mischiefts, but the Djinn got wicked and rebelled, and they refused thecommandments of God and changed lot of His orders and laws.

From 'Ali ben Ibrâhim from Albâqir (PUH) from the Prince of Believers, 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib (PUH) thathe said: When God wanted to create a creation by His hand and that was after Djinn and Nesnasspent seven thousands years on earth, He removed the layers of heavens and Said to the Angels:Look to the inhabitants of earth from my creation of Djinn and Nesnas, and when they saw what wasdone by them (Djinn and Nesnas) of mischiefs and evils, that grew hard upon them (Angels), andsaid: our Lord you are the Almighty, and this is Your weak worthless creation, live by Your grace andrefuse to take your orders and You don't take a revenge of them? And when He heard that from theAngels He said "Lo! I am about to place a viceroy in the earth" and he will be a ruler on earth. TheAngels said: Are You going to place someone that will make mischiefs and evils as the Djinn did? Mayyou make the viceroy one of us, and we don't refuse Your commandments and "we hymn Thy praiseand sanctify Thee", so the God said: I know what you know not, I want to make a creation by myHand and make out of his descendants prophets and faithful slaves of mine and guiders. I will makethem rulers on my creations in my earth and purify my earth from the Nesnas and move therebellious Djinns those who refused my commandments away from my creation and make them livein the air and shattered across the lands and make a veil between Djinns and my creation. Angelsthen said: Our Lord You command and prohibit, praise to You, no other god than You, and You havethe knowledge of everything. Then they got farthest (Angels) from the Holy Throne a distant of fivehundreds years of travelling. Until the Imam ('Ali ben Abi Tâlib PUH) said in a long speech: then Godheld the clay of Adam (PUH) and worked on it the four natures of air, mucus, bitterness, and blood.And connected with the air the love of women, length of hope and caution. And connected with themucus the love of food, drinks, goodness, gentleness and easiness. And connected with bitternessthe anger, stupidity, evil, pride, and haste. And connected with the blood the love of women,pleasure, and doing sins. And the summary of some of the tidings is that God created Angels fromlight, and created Djinn from fire, and created Adam from clay, then He ran the light, the fire, the airand water, so with light he saw and understood and by fire he ate and drank, and if it wasn't the firein the stomache (the heat of the stomache) food won't be cooked (digested), and if it wasn't the airin the body of people to flame the fire, fire wouldn't be existed, and if it wasn't the water existenceto cool it down and extinguish it, the stomache would have been burnt and the body would be burnt

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in return. And it has been said that it was meant by the black wind of stomache -or soul- that it mightbe the stomache's movements with breathing that leads to the foundation of cells with the heat ofthe core (?) And the most probable that Adam (PUH) was created from all types of clays and if he wascreated with one type only people wouldn't know each other and all would be with one shape, butinstead he was created from the easiness of the earth and its sadness, bitterness, sweetness, andsaltness, and from all its shapes and colors, from its whiteness, redness, yellowness, blackness and(blondeness)..etc and that's why you see human beings differ in their colors and types.

From the Prince of Muslim (PUH) that God sent Gabriel and ordered him to bring from the skin ofearth (Arabic: Adeem) four clays: white, red, yellowish and black and that would be from its (earth)easiness and sadness. Then He ordered him (Gabriel) to bring four types of waters: sweet, saline,bitter, and stinking. Then He ordered him (Gabriel) to pour all the waters in the clay so He made thesweet in his throat, the saline in his eyes, the bitter in his ears and the stinking in his nose. And in"Tawheed Al-Mofadhal ben Omar" (??) from Al-Sâdiq (PUH): The sweet water was placed in thethroat to make him (Adam or the human) able to eat and taste the food, and the saline water wasplaced in the eyes to protect the flesh of the eyes since the flesh will remain when salt or salinewater is placed on it. And for the bitter water in the ears it is to protect the brain from the attacks ofinsects and organisms since they die when they reach the bitter water in the ear. Maybe they can getpass over the bitter water and reach the brain for their power and the small quantity of bitter waterin the ears and that might be because of the weak body for it might be a sick man, old man, or achild. And they brought many cases, tidings and witnesses for the truthfulness of such analysis andsome of those cases were during the time of Plato and other perfect doctors that found an animal(organism) that grew up in the brain and didn't find any other way than the ears to let it reach there.

(Subjects from different sources with agreement in contents)

Adam was named as Adam because he was created from the skin of the earth (Arabic: Adeem) andfrom Al-Sadooq: that the fourth ground (or earth) was called Adeem and from it Adam was createdand that's why he was called Adam, and the mother of human beings Eve (Arabic: Hawâ') was calledlike this because she was made from the living (Arabic: living = Hay) and that is Adam (PUH). Andfrom Al-Sâdiq (PUH): that God created Adam from clay and created Eve from Adam, and so the workof men is on land (earth, ground) and the work of women is in men. It was told that when Adam wascreated and God placed the soul in his body He made him stand between His hands then Adamsneezed and praised the God by saying: Praise be to the God. then God said: O Adam, you praisedme, and I swear by my Highness, if it was but to make two slaves at the end of time, I wouldn't havecreated you. Then Adam said: O Lord, by their endearment and their values to You, what are theirnames? So God said: O Adam, look to the Throne. So Adam took a look and found two lines made oflight. The first line was: No God but Allah, Muhammad the prophet of mercy and 'Ali is the key ofparadise. The second line was: I decided to bear mercy for these who be victorious to them andfollow their path, and torture these who oppose them.

The trustworthy 'Ali ben Ibrâhim had told from Abi Jafar Al-Bâqir (PUH) in telling the meaning ofGod's saying "And verily We made a covenant of old with Adam, but he forgot, and We found noconstancy in him" (Taha:115) he said: God made a covenant with him in Muhammad and the Imam'safter him (PUT), but he left that out and he never thought they were (Muhammad and the Imam'sPUT) in such high place and value, and the "Them of Constancy" (meaning: Noah, Abraham, Moses,

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Jesus, and Muhammad) are called like that because God made a covenant with them in Muhammadand the viceroys after him and in Al-Qâ'im (PUT) and gathered their constancies in admitting their(Muhammad and his viceroys PUT) rights and virtues. And from Abi 'Abdullah Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that hesaid: the sons of Adam (PUH) gathered in a house and had an argument about who's better, Adam orthe close Angels. Some of them said that our father Adam is better and others said the close Angelsare, and few others said the carriers of the Throne. While they were like that, "Gift of God" Seth(Also: Sheth PUH) entered and they told him the story, so he got back to his father Adam (PUH) andtold him the story of the fighting men and they asked him (asked Seth) but he didn't have an answerfor this, then said Adam: O son, I've stood between the hands of God may praise be to him, then Ilooked into a line on the door of the Throne that was written on it: By the name of Allah, theBeneficent, the Merciful. Muhammad and the descendants of Muhammad are the best of what Allahstarted.

From Al-'Ayyashi from Amr ben Abi Miqdâm from his father that he said: I asked Aba Jafar Al-Bâqir(PUH) from what thing did God made Eve (PUH)? he said (Al-Bâqir PUH): and what thing do they sayabout this creation? I said: they say from one of Adam's (PUH) ribs, then he said (PUH): they lied. IsGod unable to create her except out of Adam's rib? Then I said: O may I be a ransom to you son ofthe prophet of God, of what thing did God create her? He said (PUH): my father told me from hisfathers that the prophet of God (PUH) said: God, may praise be to Him, held a clay and mixed it withhis right hand, and both of His hands are right, so He created out of it Adam and part of it was leftuntouched so He created Eve out of it (Al-Sayed Ne'mato-Allah Al-Jaza'eri said: this Hadith or speechis trustworthy and believed in among our comrades and partners. Meaning what had been told byAl-'Ayyashi..etc) and this speech has what supports it and there is no doubt among us about itscontents and anything oppose it would oppose the rules and laws of what God made what we are innow, and so the claim of creating Eve out of his (Adam) rib is something strange and weird instead ofcreating her out of the remaining of his (Adam) clay as it was told by them (meaning them the Holyfamily of Muhammad PUT) many times. About the story of creating Eve out of the rib, and that is thelittle left rib, is carried by explaining according to the pictorial match for these who believe it andthere are other taken paths and God only knows.And it is probable that God created Adam and Evewithout a mother and father and created Jesus (PUH) without a father to let know that He is able tocreate anything anyhow, and His laws in nature used to be creating any creation out of a father and amother except these mentioned before. And it is told that the Angels (PUT) when they felt abouttheir mistake and got sorrowful for their arguing with God about the creation of Adam (PUH) andsaying "Wilt thou place therein one who will do harm therein and will shed blood" and they knewthat they made a mistake and regretted and got to the Throne praising and asking for pardon forwhat they did, and this was a reason to put up a house in the fourth heaven at the edge of theThrone and was called Ad-Dhirâh, then after that He put up a house in the earth's sky and Called itAl-Bayt Al-Ma'moor (The Great House) at the edge of Ad-Dhirâh, and Put up on earth Al-BaytAl-'Ateeq (The Old House, or Holy House) at the edge of Al-Bayt Al-Ma'moor. Then after He orderedhis slave Adam (PUH) to go around it and so he did, so He had mercy upon him and that spread outamong his sons until the doomsday. And it was told that Adam (PUH) visited the Holy House for athousand times on his feet, for seven hundreds Hijjas (pilgrimages) and three hundreds 'Omras('Omrah = A visit not in the pilgrimage time)

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(Angels prostration for Adam PUH)

Said God let praise be to Him: And when We said unto the angels: Prostrate yourselves before Adam,they fell prostrate, all save Iblis. He demurred through pride, and so became a disbeliever (Al-Baqarah: 34). And in another position He said to Iblis blaming him for not prostrating: He said: Whathindered thee that thou didst not fall prostrate when I bade thee? (Al-A'raf: 12). The damned saidthen: I am better than him. Thou createdst me of fire while him Thou didst create of mud, andcontinued: Now, because Thou hast sent me astray, verily I shall lurk in ambush for them on Thy RightPath, then I shall come upon them from before them and from behind them and from their righthands and from their left hands, and Thou wilt not find most of them beholden (unto Thee). And alsosaid: Reprieve me till the day when they are raised (from the dead). and God answered: Then lo!thou art of those reprieved Till the Day of appointed time. And God said also: and they fell prostrate,all save Iblis. He was of the jinn, so he rebelled against his Lord's command (Al-Kahf: 50)

So the phrases that points out the facts about the creation of Adam (PUH) and the prostration ofAngels before him after the commandments of God and the rebel of Iblis against God's command forhe is created of fire and Adam was created of mud or clay and God's damnations upon him and hisexile out of paradise and keeping him unable to get through the veils while he used to go throughthem with Angles before and the request of Iblis for God to compensate him for his worship to Godfor thousands of years and the God's answer to him and giving him whatever he likes of life's goodsand the most important of those goods is staying alive as long as life do exist and being in control ofAdam's descendants and being close to them as blood in the vessels and Made (God) their chests ahome for him and for his sons (Iblis) except the faithful slaves of God, such phrases are a lot in theHoly Book and they can be founded also in Holy Books that was revealed before Quran.

Meditate in these Holy phrases a meditation of thinking and not as memorizing a tale. Withoutunderstanding the desired meaning of God's speech, and you must check out the truth from thesewho who know Quran very well, or their viceroys, who act and do as they did, and don't take sayingmeant to give explanation to the phrases of the Book of your God who said: None knoweth itsexplanation save Allah. And those who are of sound instruction say: We believe therein; the whole isfrom our Lord; but only men of understanding really heed (Al-Imran: 7), and those who know areonly who upon them the Holy Book was revealed and that is Muhammad (PUH) and his descendantswho had the Prevention (They make no mistakes) and they know better. [Note: this paragraphcontained a high level of philosophical terms which I couldn't translate nor understand, so it wasapproperiate to take the overall meaning and translate it]

And what was told of tidings from them (the Holy Family PUT) that growing proud was the first sin,so Iblis did say: O Lord, release me from prostration before Adam, and I used to worship you as noclose Angel did nor a sent prophet, then the God did say to him: no need for your worshipping, but Iwant to be worshipped as I want not as you want. And so Iblis refused to prostrate, then God said tohim: Get out of it, you are damned. Then said Iblis: O Lord! how? and you are the Just that does nowrong, so my reward for worshipping is false? Then God said to him: No, but ask anything of life'smatter as a reward for your deeds and I shall give it to you. The first thing he asked was to beimmortal until the time of the doomsday, so God said to him: it is yours.Then he asked to be incontrol of Adam's descendants, so God said to him: I made you of control. Then he asked to makehim run through them as blood in vessels, so God said to him: I made you run through them. Then

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Iblis did say: no one would give a birth for one, shall be accompanied by two for me, and I will seethem but they won't and I would be shaped in front of them in whatever shape I like, so the God saidthen: I give all of that. Then the damned (Iblis) said: O Lord, give me more. So then the God said: Imade for you and your descendants homes in their chests. After all that Iblis did say: O Lord, this isenough for me. Then that he did say: O Lord by your Highness I would make them do mischiefsexcept your faithful slaves, then I shall come upon them from before them and from behind themand from their right hands and from their left hands, and Thou wilt not find most of them beholden.

It was told about the explanation of the Holy phrase "then I shall come upon them from beforethem" is that "I will make them not serious in thinking of the doomsday" like telling them that God ismerciful and only punishes for worshipping another, but everything else God can forgive you about.And "from behind them" that is "I will order them to keep on gathering money and be misers to keepit for their heirs", and "from their right hands" that is "I will worsen their believes and let them addand change their creeds", and "from their left hands" that is "I will make their hearts in great love forjoys and amusement and whatever like it."

From Ibn 'Abbâs, that the first one to measure (compare) was Iblis, and he was wrong in this matter,and whoever after him would do the same he would be paired by God in the doomsday with Iblis,and the measurement (comparement) is that when he said: You made me of fire and made him ofmud (or clay), and that meant to be that I'm (Iblis speaking) of more honour than him (Adam) andbetter, because fire is higher and of more honour than mud, and so the prostrate must have beenfrom him (Adam) to me (Iblis) and not the other wise by the measurements of honour and priority,and the damned didn't know the honour of Adam and of what God knows from his virtues (Adam's)and the Holy Lights that he bore in his descendants, and it will come from his descendants theprophets and their viceroys with the saints and the faithful, and the masters of the creation,Muhammad and his Household (family, descendants) that God wish is but to remove uncleanness farfrom them, and cleanse them with a thorough cleansing, who are the main reason for the creation ofthe universe and everything in it. And so he (Iblis) envied him (Adam) and got wicked. And for theGod's saying "Lo! I am about to create a mortal out of mire, And when I have fashioned him andbreathed into him of My Spirit, then fall down before him prostrate" (Sad: 71,72) the Prince ofBelievers ('Ali ben Abi Tâlib PUH) commented about this: They all prostrated, except Iblis who gotpride growing into him for his creation of fire and scorned the mud (or clay) creation, and so Godgave him the delay for he (Iblis) deserved damnations, and for the completeness of his trouble, andthe completeness of his mortality, so God said to him: Then lo! thou art of those reprieved, Till theDay of appointed time (Al-Hijr: 37,38).

Notice how much did the Prince of Believers (PUH) overflow us with the facts about this interestingmatter of unique meanings and wisdom that could be deduced from its deepest secrets and itshidden jokes. We have left out most of his speech (PUH) for the fear of boredom, and it was told thatafter what God gave to Iblis from control and power, Adam (PUH) said: O Lord, you have given Iblisthe control over my descendants and made him run as the blood in the vessel into them and all ofthe other things that you gave to him, so for what for me and my descendants? So God answeredhim: the wrong done would be counted as one, and the good done would be counted as ten. Thendid Adam (PUH) say: O Lord, give me more, so the God answered: Repentance would be accepteduntil the soul would come to the throat [apparently meant at death time], then Adam (PUH) said: OLord, give me more. So the God answered: I will forgive no matter what, then Adam (PUH) said: O

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Lord this is quite enough. One questioner did say to Al-Imam Al-Sâdiq (PUH): O may I be a ransom toyou, for what did Iblis deserve all of what God gave him? he answered (PUH): for something he did toGod and God appreciated that for him, then the question did say: and what did he do may I be aransom to you? he answered (PUH): for two bows (kneeling, in prayer) he did in heavens in a time offour thousands years. And it was told from Al-Nahj [Nahj Al-Balâgha, a book that collected speechesof 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib PUH] that Al-Imam 'Ali (PUH) said that he (Iblis) did pray two bows in heavens insix thousands years. It is not known if it is counted as years of earthly time, or in time of heavens,and it is not quite far that both tales are true and God only knows.

From Tawoos and Mojâhid: that Iblis before doing the sin was one of the Angels and his name was'Azâziel, and he was one of the earth's inhabitants, and the inhabitants of earth from Angels werecalled the Djinn, and among Angels there were on like him in his worshipping and wisdom, so whenhe rebelled against God may praise be to Him, God damned him and made him a demon and calledhim Iblis, and he was noted as being a disbeliever in God's knowledge. The apparent from this talethat Iblis was one of the Angels opposes the apparent phrase from the Holy Book "all save Iblis. Hewas of the jinn, so he rebelled against his Lord's command" (Al-Kahf: 50) and also opposes thefamous opinion among the wise men of Muslims and its tales and stories, and it is the base that allMuslims agreed on naturally and the repeated phrases in the Holy Book about this matter, and themost of the explanations made for them (the phrases), and even it opposes the thought of Iblis whenhe said: You created me of fire and created him of mud..etc and so this tale opposes the mostfamous opinions about the matter so be aware.

From Jameel ben Darâj said: I asked Abâ 'Abdullah Al-Sâdiq (PUH) about whether Iblis was one of theAngels or Djinn, so he said (PUH): Angels saw that he was one of them but only God knew that hewasn't one of them, and when was ordered to prostrate he did what he did. Some wise men that areinto deep insight said that wise men of Islam differ in considering whether Iblis is one of the Angelsor not. Most of the speakers about the matter and lot of our wise men [Shiites wise men are meanthere] like Al-Shaikh Al-Mofeed and others that said that Iblis is one of the Djinn and not Angels, andthen he said (Al-Shaikh Al-Mofeed) that tidings been told frequently from the Imam's of Guidance(PUT) about this fact, and it is true in the creed of Imamism. [Imamism: this term is coined by me anddon't know if there is an equivalent term for it. It points out to the creed of believing in the 12viceroys or Imams after the death of the prophet Muhammad, may peace be upon him and hisHousehold], and other branch believed that he (Iblis) was one of the Angels. The clue of the secondbranch that believed that Iblis is one of the Angels is from some Hadith's (or speeches) and one ofthem is what have been mentioned before from Tawoos and Mojâhid, and also believed that Ibliswas one of the keepers of paradises, and he held the treasures of heavens and earth, and other stuffhad been said, but anyhow as you can see nothing of that is convenient to what was mentionedabout the believe of the first branch which is the most choosen and the most supported with theconfession of Iblis himself as mentioned before. It had been told from Al-Zajjâj that he said: Holyphrases did differ in mentioning of what did the creation of Adam (PUH) start with. In one position inthe Holy Book that God created him out of sand, and in other out of mud, and in another out ofblack mud, and also in another position out of clay. He continued: and all of the previous belong toone origin which is the sand, which is the origin of mud, and so God informed us that he made himout of sand, then made it into mud, then transferred into black mud and finally as clay.

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Useful Caution:--About what was been told in the Holy phrases of the saying of the damned which is"Now, because Thou hast sent me astray, verily I shall lurk in ambush for them on Thy RightPath...etc", it is apparent that the damned thought God made him astray and this is something can'tbe accepted by the right-thinking minds and it is against and opposes the justice and the holinessthat are well-known of God may praise be to Him, and above all these mistaken words about Him Heshall be. And so the damned appointed to God that He made him astray, and this is what ismentioned in the creed of Jabarism [Another coined term by me] of Al-Ashâ'irah (?) [seems a branchof this creed], and it is one of the corrupted believes without any doubt about that, because itscontents is not accepted by me, nor others would accept it for themselves. Is it possible for someoneto accept for himself being mentioned that he obliged a slave of him to do mischiefs and sins andthen punish him for doing this? No and no, and this is the case here of what had been appointed toGod, The most exalted. May God make shame be with them, as He made it with their master anddirector and teacher the damned Iblis may damnations be upon him. All of the matter was becauseof his wrong chosen path, and God exiled him and avoided him from His mercy and banned him fromHis paradise, because he rebelled and refused His command to prostrate to Adam (PUH) with therest of Angels, and them (PUT) didn't stop for one moment but prostrated directly as they arecommanded to do and they did not think about a reason for this and didn't get a pride against it, butinstead they did obey the command of their Lord and don't think about anything else except Hiscommand, and never argue about it. When God examined Iblis by prostrating for Adam (PUH), he gotso high with his pride and honour for what he was created of and got rebelled, and God knew hisintention and his perversity, and all of his long worshipping and praising was only for the sake of lifeand for what he wishes and deems, and so he got wicked by his soul and obeyed it and so it ownedhim and captivated him away from his Creator. And when God wanted to put him under the test andwanted him to refuse what his soul is ordering him to do, he disbelieved in His grace and got readyfor war, and so he is a foe for the Great God, The One of Grace, and then his greatest foe is this towhom he was ordered to prostrate before him and that is Adam (PUH) so he sat his hate for him(Adam) and for his descendants until the time of doomsday.

(The inhabitation of Adam in paradise)The Prince of Believers (PUH) said in Al-Nahj: Then Godmade Adam inhabit a place of much grace and made it a safe place for him, and warned him of Iblisand his hostility, and so his foe envied him (Adam) for his place of inhabitation and his company ofthe faithful, so then he (Adam) paid for what was so sure with his doubt, and for the power with hisweakness, and exchanged hilarity with fear, and pride with regret, then God Relented toward himand Gave him the words of His mercy and Promised him that he would be back to his paradise, andGot him down to the place of troubles and breeding. What is apparent from this speech of the Princeof Believers (PUH) and from lot of tales and Holy phrases about the subject of Adam's paradise thatGod made him inhabt, that it is the paradise that God promised for His faithful after life for theirdeeds, or even as a gift for these of faith in His prophets and Holy Books, and so his saying (PUH)about the place of inhabitation and the company of the faithful, do appoint out to the paradise afterlife and not the gardens of this life, and it is apparent for these who got a cautious hearts and a wellmind, and then meditate in his saying (PUH) about getting back to his (Adam) paradise and gettinghim down to the place of troubles and breeding. And there is no need to explain and interpret morethan that and saying the opposition of what had been said in the speech, and the more oppositionthat might be made against it, then it is an ignorance and perversity that are not needed. It is toldfrom some tales and speeches that the inhbaitation of Adam and Eve (PUT) in paradise lasted for

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seven hours as measured in this life's days, and so their out was in the same day that they got in andif they did obey the commandments of their Lord, they would have been lasted for more time andnever got out of it.

(How was it correct to prostrate before Adam by angels and he's just a creation)

Prostration, is not allowed and not correct except for God may praise be to Him, because it is aworshipping and it won't be except for God, otherwise it would be a disbelieve or paganism and suchthing is impossible to be done by the Angels that are protected against doing any sins. The realmatter is that this prostration is done by a commandment from God and so it is a prostration for Godas it was mentioned by them (PUT) ["them" meaning the prophet and his Household PUT] about thismatter. From Al-Sâdiq (PUH): whoever prostrated by a command from God, then it is a prostrationfor God and obeying his order, and if it wasn't the commandment by His Highness he wouldn'tprostrate. And this is what had been told also by Al-Imam 'Ali ben Muhammad Al-Hâdi (PUH) whenhe said: prostration before Adam by Angels was not for Adam but for obeying God and endearmentfor Adam. After all, prostration before Adam was but as an endearment for him and in real it wasworshipping for God because it was done by His command. Al-Mohaddeth Al-Qommi in "Safeenat Al-Bihâr" in Al-Moqâm[apparently seems it is a book name done by a person called Al-Mohaddeth Al-Qommi] did say: you should know that Muslims all agreed that prostrating was not for the purposeof worshipping, but as an endearment for Adam (PUH) and in deep it was a worshipping for Godsince it was by His command and this is chosen by most of the interpreters, and God's sayings "thenfall down before him prostrate"(Sad: 72) and about Joseph (PUH) "they fell down before himprostrate" (Yusuf: 100) both have the same interpretation, and the prostration was for God only andfor obeying His commandment and was for the endearment of Adam and Joseph (PUT), likeprostrating for God for the occurence of grace or the disappearing of a grace. It is told from Prince ofBelievers (PUH) that he said that the first spot on earth that God was worshipped on is that on Kufa[acity in Iraq that had been made a capital during the rule of 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib PUH] and that was whenGod ordered Angels to prostrate before Adam (PUH) and so they did that on the surface of Kufa.

(Some tales related to our research)

From Musa ben Jafar (PUH), that a jew came and asked the Prince of Believers (PUH) about a miraclefor the prophet (PUH) like the miracles of other prophets, and that God made Angels prostratebefore Adam so would that be also for Muhammad (PUH)? so 'Ali (PUH) answered: that was indeed,but God made the Angels prostrate for Adam not for obeying nor worshipping Adam instead of God,but it was as a confession from them for the virtues of Adam (PUH), and for Muhammad (PUH) hewas given what is better than this and higher, and that is because God assigned blessings upon him inHis Highness and ordered the Angels to say the blessings upon him, and also the believers worshipand pray by saying the blessings upon him <<Don't you say in your prayer and other prayers: Oh Godbless Muhammad and the Household of Muhammad? and this is in a place much higher and greaterthan prostrating before Adam (PUH), and in the speech of God to the damned Iblis: Art thou tooproud or art thou of the high exalted? (Sad: 75), and in a speech for the prophet of God (PUH) thatthese "high exalted" are the prophet himself (PUH), Muhammad ben 'Abdullah (PUH) and 'Ali,Fâtima, Al-Hasan and Al-Husain (PUT), then said the prophet (PUH): we were in the awning of theThrone, sanctifying God and Angels with us, before creating Adam by two thousands years, andwhen God created Adam He commanded the Angels to prostrate before him but Did not command

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us, and so all the Angels prostrated except Iblis, so then God said to him: Art thou too proud or artthou of the high exalted? Meaning of the these five that their names are written on the awning ofthe Throne. From 'Ali ben Al-Husain (PUH): Adam did look to the apex of the Throne and saw thelights of our ghosts, so then God said to him: O Adam, these ghosts are the best of my creation. ThenHe told him their names and Told him: By them I take and by them I give and by them I punish and bythem I reward, O Adam ask me by them, and when you are in trouble make them your intercessorsto me, because I decided not to refuse any requests (prayers) made by them. That's why after thatafter he and Eve got into the trouble of the sin, he prayed and asked God by their names so then Godmade a repentace upon him. From an interpretation from Al-Imam Al-'Askari (PUH) in a long speechand this is part of it: When God put Al-Husain ben 'Ali (PUH) and these who were with him under thetest by the army that wanted to kill him, he (Al-Husain PUH) saw their large numbers and saw hisfolks and knew that they want not but him, and whenever they would kill him they wouldn't ask foranother, and so he released them (his folks) from their swear of fealty and commanded them to quitand depart him and said to them: let me with these. God helps me as He used to be with ourancestors, and his folks did depart him except few of them. His closer relatives and householdrefused to leave and told him: we will not leave you until we die for thee O Abâ 'Abdullah [anothername for Al-Husain PUH] and when he saw their assertiveness and that they would not leave himuntil they die for him, he said to them: if you decided for yourselves what I decided for myself thenknow that God gives the high places for his slaves by their patience for the troubles they face andthat you will have that from God's gifts to you, and know that this life is just a dream and the afterlife is the real awakening. Shall not I tell you our beginnings? They answered: for sure O son of theprophet, then he said: When God created Adam, He told him the names of everything, and when Heshowed them to the Angels they said "We have no knowledge saving that which Thou hast taught us"(Al-Baqarah: 32) and He made the lights of Muhammad, 'Ali, Fâtima, Al-Hasan and Al-Husain andthey are the five ghosts, at the back of Adam, and their lights were shining in the horizons ofheavens, veils, paradises, the Chair (?) and the Throne, and God then commanded the Angels toprostrate before Adam as an endearment for he was but a container for these ghosts that their lightsshined in the horizons, so the Angels did prostrate except Iblis who denied to be humble for ourlights we the Household, after the Angels did humbling and obeyed the command of God and for thistheir level got higher and got the honour, and Iblis was damned and exiled out and shame got uponhim and so he is a foe for Him and His faithful slaves until the doomsday. It was mentioned in sometales of Al-Sâdiqiyah [here, maybe it meant tales that was told by Al-Sâdiq PUH] and also from 'Aliben Ibrâhim about the saying of God: Till the Day of appointed time (Al-Hijr: 38), what is meant hereis the time when he (Iblis) gets slaughtered by the hands of the prophet of God (PUH) on the Rockthat is in Jerusalem. Al-Sayed Al-Jazâ'eri said that he (Iblis) was appointed til the day of theappearance of Al-Mahdee (PUH) and it is the minor doomsday, and there are lot of tidings about thismatter, and we have explained what is related to this subject in the introduction of this book thatyou read now, and the return of the prophets and messengers and in special our prophetMuhammad The Chosen (PUH) and the purified Imams (PUT) after the appearance of the "AwaitedAbsent" may our souls be in ransom to him to take revenge of their foes, is something that must beand it is one of the believes for Shiites, or lets say most of the Muslims in general, and it is called theminor doomsday, but only after the long journey with troubles and when most of the created wouldturn away from the path and life would be full of wrong and injustice, it is then when we shall seethe release is close and it is the time. May God paces up the re-appearance of Muhammad and the

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Household of Muhammad and May He make us one of their supporters and companions, andmartyrs between their hands by the rights of the prophet and his purified Household (PUT)

(The reason for getting Adam down from paradise to earth)

From Mos'adah ben Sadaqah from Al-Sâdiq (PUH) from the prophet (PUH) that Moses the son ofAmram [Arabic: Musa ben Imrân] (PUH) asked his Lord to let him see Adam (PUH) and so Heanswered him and made him see Adam, and then Moses did say: O Father! you are the one that Godcreated with His own hands and made you live in His paradise and prohibited you from one tree soyou couldn't be patient enough til you fell on earth because of it, and couldn't you control yourselfaway from it and so Iblis seduced you and you followed him and so you are the one that got us out ofparadise because of your sin. Then did say Adam (PUH): O son take it easy on your father for thematter of this tree. O son my foe approached by trick and plot, so he swore to me by God that hisopinion is a good advice and he said to me: O Adam I am sad for you, so I said to him: and how isthat? he said: I enjoyed being with you and you will be out of what you are in now to what you hate,I asked him: and what to do? he said to me: here is what to do, do you want me to guide you to thetree of eternity and an endless reign so you can eat from it with your wife and then you shall both bein paradise with me for eternity, and he swore to me by God and he was a liar that he has thetruthful advice, and O Moses I never thought that someone would swear by God and he is a liar, so Itrusted his oath and this is my excuse, so tell me son, do you find out from what had been revealedto you from God that my sin was noted before I get created, then Moses said to him: before a longtime. Then said the prophet (Muhammad PUH): and so did Adam overcame Moses in the argument.

From Al-Sâdiq (PUH) also: when Adam was put out of paradise, Gabriel (PUH) came down to him andsaid: O Adam, didn't God create you with His hands and Breathed into you of His Spirit and made theAngels prostrate before you, and Got you Eve as a wife and Made you inhabit paradise andProhibited you directly from eating from that tree but you made the sin? Then Adam (PUH) said: Iblisdid swear to me by God, and I never thought that someone from God's creation would swear by Himfalsely! And what is understood from the previous conversation between Moses and Adam (PUT)that the sin was something meant to be and predestinated long ago before Adam's creation andfrom the world of atom [It is believed that everything exists in this life including people existedbefore becoming alive or born in a world or a dimension where they were just atoms], at the time ofcreating the spirits before his (Adam) existence by two thousands years, and it is a case which was abattle field for several opinions and many people got doomed for their mis-interpretations and notunderstanding the truth in it, and it is a case of God's judgement and what He Has predestined forHis creation before his existence.

And the solution for this case for us in general is: God founded in this human the power that couldaid him in doing what God appointed to him and Made him able to do, and Left him the selectionand Gave him the mind and brain with which he can differentiate between what's wrong and whatstrue, and what would make God satisfied or dissatisfied. After the knowledge and looking into thepath of these faithful to God and their viceroys and every allowed path that leads to it (?), that Godknows whatever he chooses or does from wether it be a sin or obeying for His commandments, for

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He knows the ends of workings and deeds that are done by His slaves and no incidents wouldhappen without His knowledgement before his (the human) existence, by his well or bad chose, andHe His Highness the one that knows the the guilt of Adam whatever would be acted by him andwhatever he would choose, as it is the case with all His creations and slaves, so from Him may praisebe to Him the powers and destinies in doings and not-doings, and the selection is made for these ofresponsibilities by mind, heart and reality, and He is the one who Knows the ends and what these ofresponsibilities might choose for themselves, if it was good it is good, and if it an evil it is an evil, andthere is no forcing for the slave, but it is something in between, because the force and power is fromHis Highness, and the full choice for these of responsibilities, and God knows what might the slavechoose for himself.

(What is the tree that was prohibited for Adam PUH)

Tales and speeches had differed about of what type is it and what is it. Some said it is wheat andsome said it is vine and grape while others said it is camphor and still others said it is the fig. It is saidalso that it is the tree of good and evil and it was said it is the tree of eternity that the Angels used toeat from, and more had been said. From M'ânee Al-Akhbâr [seems a book name] in its basing to Al-Harawee said: I said to Al-Ridhâ (PUH): O son of prophet of God, tell me about the tree that Adamand Eve ate from, what was it? because many people differ in its nature, some say it is wheat, somesay it is grape and some say it is tree of the envy, then he said (PUH): all of that is right, then I said:then what is the meaning of all these different opinions? then he said (PUH): O Abâ As-Silt [=Al-Harawee], the tree of paradise carries types, so it was wheat carrying grapes and it is not like thetrees of our life, and when God honoured him and Reminded him of the prostrating of Angels beforehim and Letting him into the paradise, he (Adam) said to himself: did God created a human betterthan me? and God knew what was between him and himself and so Called him and told him: OAdam, left up your head and look to the leg of the Throne, so then Adam left up his head and lookedinto the leg of the Throne and found there it was written on it: No other God but Allah, Muhammadis the prophet of Allah, 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib is the Appointed from God and his wife Fâtima is themistress of all women, and Al-Hasan and Al-Husain are the masters of paradise's young people, sosaid Adam: O Lord, who are they? then said His Highness: they are from your descendants, and theyare better than you and than the rest of my creation, and for them only I did create you, and Createdparadise and hell, and heavens with earth, so be aware not to envy them and wish for their placeand so demon would take control over you, so then he got something in hisself about them and thendid the demon control over him until he ate from the tree that he was prohibited from, and tookcontrol over Eve for her thoughts of envy about Fâtima (PUH) until she ate from the tree like Adamdid, and so God put them out from His side down to earth. And in contents of the tale as it is withother tales, the word "wish for their place" points out that the meaning is "glee" and not "envy" in itsreal meaning, because glee like wishing for their place, and envy is wishing for their obsolescence,because envying is a sin and points out to a lame character and the glee is totally against that, and itis impossible for the father of human beings and prophets and messenger, and the one whom Angelsdid prostrate before by God's commandment and whom God Had created with His Hands andInhabited in paradise then had been chosen by God and Made him a prophet, it is impossible forhim to be an envious one, and from this point we believe that the prohibition from eating from thattree was a prohibition for the purity and not for a taboo, and it was mentioned before somethingabout the protection of prophets against doing sins and there is more to do about that to come toyou by God's well, and the meaning of the tree of envy is that eating from it was because of envy,

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and if it was the envy it would not have been eaten. And it is mentioned that if it wasn't Adam's(PUH) guilt, no faithful would have done any guilt ever, and if it wasn't that God relented towardAdam, there would not have been any repentance for any guilty ever, and from Al-Sâdiq (PUH) thathe was asked that how come the inheritance of man is as much as twice of that of females so he said(PUH): that is because the number of fruits that Adam and Eve ate were eighteen, twelve were eatenby Adam and six were eaten by Eve and so the inheritance is made up as mentioned before. It hadbeen told that when Adam was down from paradise a black mole appeared in his face from the topof it til its feet and so long was his sadness and crying for this, then came Gabriel (PUH) and said tohim: why crying Adam? so he (Adam) said: for this mole that occured in me, so then he (Gabriel) toldhim: get up and pray, it is time for the first prayer, so Adam did that and the mole shrinked to hischest, then he (Gabriel) came again at the time of the second prayer and said to him: get up Adamand pray this is the time for the second prayer and so he did and the mole shrinked to his navel, andthen came again at the time of the third prayer and said to him: get up Adam and pray this is thetime for the third prayer and so he did and the mole shrinked to his knee, then he came at the timeof the fourth prayer and said to him: get up Adam and pray this is the time for the fourth prayer andso he did and the mole shrinked to his legs, then he came at the time of the fifth prayer and Adamdid the same and the mole was out of him and he thanked God for this a lot, then Gabriel did say tohim: O Adam, your sons in this prayer are like you in this mole, and who would pray from your sonseach day and night five prayers he would be out of his sins as you got out of this mole. And also in aspeech that when Adam (PUH) got down on earth he got a beard as black as coal, so he held it withhis hand and said: O Lord, what is this? and He answered him: this is the beard, I made it as anornamet for you and your male descendants until the doomsday. And it was mentioned before thatthe inhabitation of Adam and Eve in paradise was for seven hours until they got out of it, and thatGod breathed in Adam with His Spirit after the sunset of Friday and then Created Eve after him, thenCommanded the Angels to prostrate before him and Made him inhabit His paradise since then, andthe Imam (PUH) swore [not mentioned which Imam is it] that they did not stay more than thesehours on that day until they did what was prohibited then God got them out after sunset and didn'tstay in it (Paradise) and they were moved to the yards of paradise until it was the morning and theirloins appeared then their Lord said to them: Did not I prohibited you from that tree, so Adam gotashamed and shy of his Lord and said: O our Lord, we did wrong to ourselves and made a confessionof our sins, O may You forgive us, then did God say: get down from My heavens to earth for nosinners would be in My paradise nor My heavens.

(The place of falling of Adam and Eve when they got down from paradise)

What is famous from the Household (PUT) that Adam (PUH) fell down on Al-Safâ and Eve on Al-Marwah [Al-Safâ and Al-Marwah are two hills in Mecca and people go in between them seven timesin pilgrimage season], and what is famous for the most of Muslims is that Adam (PUH) fell down on amount called Sarandeeb [Notice: Sarandeeb is the old Arabic name for Ceylon, Sri Lanka now] and itis called Nud also, and Eve did fall in Jeddah, and some people suggested that this is the truth andtheir fall on Al-Safâ and Al-Marwah was after they got into Mecca. From Hayât Al-Hayawân for Al-Domayri [hayât al-hayawân means the life of animals and seems it is a book's name] he said: Ka'b Al-Ahbâr did say [Ka'b Al-Ahbâr was a nickname for the chief priest of jews]: God revealed the snake inAsbahân [maybe he means Asfahân in Iran?] and Iblis in Jeddah and Eve in 'Arafah [a mount aroundMecca] and Adam in Sarandeeb and it is in the higher region of China in the sea of India [thisdescription is somehow close to modern day Sri Lanka], and it is a high place where seamen can see

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it from a distance of days and it bears the footprint of Adam (PUH) in stones, and this mount is seeneach night as a lightning without clouds, and it rains in everyday to wash the foot steps of Adam(PUH), and it is told that Rubies are found in this mount and also Diamonds with Aloeswood (Agarwood, Oud, Ood).

In tales, that when Adam (PUH) came to Mecca from India by a commandment from God, every stephe would take there would be a prosperity of land in its place, and everything in between was just adesert, all along the way until he reached Mecca, and when he reached Mecca he went around theHoly place. It had been told also that when God got Adam down, He got down with him one hundredand twenty rods and branches that got every seed for every type of grains, and that he died onFriday, in the sixth of April in the same hour that he was created in, and he was nine hundred andthirty years old, and it had been said also that he died after he got forty thousands of his sons,grandsons and grand grandsons. And from Abi Jafar Al-Bâqir (PUH) that he said: God the Exalted oneInspired to Adam: O Adam, I would collect all goodness for you in four words, one for Me, one foryou, one between Me and you, and one between you and people. The one for Me is that youworship Me and no one else, and the one for you is that I will reward you for your deeds as much asyou need, and the one between Me and you is that you have to pray and praise Me and I will answeryou, and the one between you and people is that you have to love for people what you love foryourself.

Some tidings mentioned that God revealed a book written in Syriac made of tweny one pages, and itis the first book ever to be revealed on human beings, and in it there was one thousand thousand [amillion] tongues, no people with one of these tongues would understand the other withouteducation, and Adam has the knowledge in every tongue and can speak it better than its nativespeakers, and contained also the clues of God and His worshippings, judgements, rules and laws..etcfrom Ibn 'Abbâs that he said: When God created Adam, and Breathed in him from His Spirit, hesneezed and God inspired him to thank Him so he said: Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, so hisLord said to him: mercy of your Lord be upon you. And when God made Angels prostrate before him,he got exclaimed and said: O Lord, You created a creation that is beloved to You more than me? butGod didn't answer him, then he asked again, and God didn't answer, then he asked for the third timebut god didn't answer him, then God did say: Yes, and for them only I did create you, then he said: OLord let me see them, then God ordered the Angels of the veils to left off the veils, and when theydid and Adam looked, he found out five ghosts in front of the Throne, then he said: O Lord who arethey? then God did say: O Adam, this is my prophet Muhammad, and this is 'Ali the Prince ofBelievers, the cousin of my prophet and his viceroy, and this is Fâtima the daughter of my prophet,and these two are Al-Hasan and Al-Husain the sons of 'Ali and sons of my prophet, then He said: andthey are your descendants, so Adam got happy for this. And when he did the sin he said: O Lord I askYou by Muhammad and 'Ali and Al-Hasan and Al-Husain to relent toward me, and so God relentedtoward him by them, and this is what is meant by God's saying "Then Adam received from his Lordwords (of revelation), and He relented toward him" (Al-Baqarah: 37). When Adam got down onearth, he made a ring and carved on it: Muhammad is the prophet of God and 'Ali is the Prince ofBelievers. It is mentioned also that Adam was called "Abi Muhammad" [meaning: father ofMuhammad, it is a common Arabic way also to call men by the names of their elder males childrenas: Aba Nasir, meaning father of Nasir and so on. Aba could be Abu and Abi and this is subject tochange according to the grammar of the Arabic language] The mention of Muhammad, 'Ali, Fâtima,Al-Hasan and Al-Husain (PUT) is repeated, and viewing them by Adam (PUH) is repeated also, once

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upon the leg of the Throne, once on the door of the Throne and once in front of the Throne and soon. They are mentioned once by the Holy name of God, the Exalted, one time and another withoutIt, and all of this would not be a reason for confusion and it would be fine to consider all of that iscorrect to show their virtues and how they are different from the others and so people would nothave to argue about it with God, and so everyone would die and live with its knowledgement andAllah is no oppressor of (His) bondmen.

(Crying of Adam PUH for paradise)

It was told that Adam (PUH) cried for paradise until it was like great rivers on his cheeks because oftears, and he stood at the door of Kaba and his clothes were of the skins of cows and camels andsaid: O Lord help me with my mistake and Make repentace upon me and Let me back into the placethat I were in. Then said God, the Exalted one: I helped you, and Made repentace upon you and I willlet you back in the place that I got you out from. It is doubtless that what we understand andeveryone with the right mind would understand as well that the paradise that Adam is asking hisLord to be back into is the paradise of eternity, and it was the place that he were in and got out from,and the clue to that is the tidings about him viewing the place (level) of Muhammad, 'Ali, Fâtima, Al-Hasan and Al-Husain (PUT) and that he saw their names written on the corners of the Throne and itwas told that the Throne is the roof of paradise as mentioned in Hadith, and it is behind heavens andits roof is the Throne. Add to that, the words of revelation that Adam received from his Lord andRelented toward him were of Muhammad and his Household (PUT) and His Holy saying "fulfilledthem"(Al-Baqarah: 124) meaning until Al-Qâ'im Al-Mahdi from the Household of Muhammad (PUH),they are the twelve Imams adding the nine descendants of Al-Husain (PUT).

Also mentioned that the words that Adam received from his Lord are His Holy saying "Our Lord! Wehave wronged ourselves..etc"(Al-A'raf: 23) and also mentioned they are the prayer of the prophet(PUH): O praise be to You my Lord and Thanks..etc [This is a line from a prayer that seems famous butI didn't get to know], and other things had been mentioned also but the probability that all of that istrue is not impossible, but the most common base is what was mentioned by the purified mastersthat the words that was received were their names (PUT). As supported by Al-Mofadhal ben 'Omarhe said: Abu 'Abdullah Al-Sâdiq (PUH) said: God, the Exalted, may praise be to Him, created the soulsbefore the bodies by two thousands, and Made the higher of them and the most honourable arethese of Muhammad, 'Ali, Fâtima, Al-Hasan and Al-Husain, and the rest of the Imams after them(PUT), and Showed them to the heavens and earth with mounts and their lights covered them all,then God did say to the heavens and earth with the mounts: these are my judges and rulers over mycreations, for them and for these who follow their path I made My paradise, and for these whooppose them I made My hell, and whoever claims their position from Me and their greatness I wouldtorture him like I did not Do to anyone else, and whoever agreed to be loyal to them and neverclaimed their position I shall Let him be with them in paradise, and being loyal to them is a fidelity tobe taken by My creation..etc. It is a long speech where he mentioned their virtues and the goodnessthat would be to these who would be loyal to them and the damnations on whoever take them as afoe and took over their rights and helped others over them and whoever does this, God Prepared forhim the shame and torture. Also in it there is a warning for these who wishes for their places, andthat when Adam and Eve (PUT) got down to earth, Gabriel (PUH) came to them and guided them toask their Lord by the right of the names that they saw on the leg of the Throne to Relent towardthem, so then they said: O Lord we ask You by the right of the closest to You, Muhammd and 'Ali and

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Fâtima and Al-Hasan and Al-Husain and the Imams after them to Relent toward us and Have mercyupon us, so then God relented toward them. All the prophets after that kept this fidelity then andadvised their viceroys and the loyals of their nations so they denied to claim it for themselves andnever forgot about it, and whoever's soul might get sick and get wicked by his demons to put himselfin such place, damnations he will get from God and torture, and for this God, the Exalted, did say"Lo! We offered the trust unto the heavens and the earth and the hills, but they shrank from bearingit and were afraid of it. And man assumed it. Lo! he hath proved a tyrant and a fool"(Al-Ahzab: 72).And it is never thought of Adam (PUH) being one of these who wished for their place and so hewould be one of these who took their rights, but No and Never. But what is meant by the previousHoly phrase in "man assumed it" is assuming this trust (fidelity) without any right for doing this, as itis mentioned by some famous wisemen with little difference between each tale (explanation),"Those who do wrong will come to know by what a (great) reverse they will be overturned!"(Al-Shu'arâ': 227) [This paragraph was shortened by the overall meaning translation] It is told by the holyprophet (PUH) that when Adam (PUH) did the sin, a call came from the Throne towards him saying: OAdam, leave My vicinity, because no one stays in and refuses My commandment, then Adam did cryand the Angels cried with him, then God sent him Gabriel to get him down to earth with blackenedface, then when Angels did see that cried loudly and lamented and said: O Lord, a creation You didCreate and Breathed in it by Your Spirit and Made Your Angels prostrate before him, so You didChange his whiteness to blackness with one sin? Then a call came toward him from heavens: OAdam, fast for your Lord this day, and it was the thirteenth day of the month, and one third of theblackness was removed from Adam (PUH), then he was called again in the fourteenth day to fast forLord and so two thirds of the blackness went out, and then called again in the fifteenth day to fastand so he did and all of the blackness went out, and for this these days were called "Al-Ayam Al-Beedh" (The White Days) in which Adam retained his whiteness, then a called from heavens calledhim: O Adam, these three days I made for you and your descendants and whoever fasted these threedays from each month he would be as if he had fasted all of his life.

From the explanation of Al-Imam Al-'Askiri (PUH) in his explanation of God's saying "but come notnigh this tree..etc"(Al-Baqarah: 35), that it is the tree of wisdom of Muhammad and his Householdthat God made it for them only and it was for them only in special and no one would eat from itexcept them, and they were eating from it after they fed the wretch, the orphan and the prisonerand the revelation of the chapter of Al-Dahr [Also called Al-Insân. Al-Dahr means The Life and Al-Insân means The Man] about them with the agreement of all interpreters, and so they did not feelany hunger, thirst, nor tiredness after they ate from it. It is a tree that was not like any tree inparadise and carried many charactersitics and has lot of different types of wheat, grape, fig and therest of fruits, and this is why many interpreters did interpret the type of this tree in many ways, sosome of them said it is the wheat and others said it is the grape and so on, so God did say: come notnigh this tree, meaning you will be seeking the place and level of Muhammad and his Household andtheir virtues, and this is something that God made so special for them only, and it is the tree thatwhoever eats from by the will of God, he would be inspired with the knowledge and wisdom of thoseof old and those of later time without any need to learn. This speech and its contents is not a weirdbecause of what was mentioned about the rights of the Household (PUT) before. And then if youmeditate fairly and neglected the partisanship and the love of the self, and looked with the eye ofyour heart to what was mentioned for 'Ali and the Household of 'Ali by the special and the normalpeople, and asked these of thoughts and fair of your wisemen about the place and level of 'Ali and

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the Household of 'Ali and their knowledge and what God made them special with from virtues andtrue characteristics, you would win the great luck and the happiness of the two lifes [meaning thislife and the after-life] and you would know that they are the top of all creatures and they are thepath to the God, and their knowledge is not taken by someone else but was given by God, theExalted, and by the prophet (PUH) in a special position that no one else would be able to count andlimit (the knowledge). Look to all what the wisemen of Islam agreed on about the rightness of whatwas mentioned that the holy prophet (PUH) taught 'Ali one thousand doors of knowledge, from eacheach door there is one thousand doors are opened to him. Meditate about this and what does itmean and what is wanted by it, and do not take it easy and lose.

Their knowledge is not compared by their age, but it is all equal to whatever age they are, andwhoever took a look into their lives and history would know that fact clearly. Their hearts never stoppraising God, and they know the most about what people need in their lives, rules and laws, and thedisciplines of all the heavenly religions of rules and laws, worshippings and policies as revealed in itstruthful state. Nothing is hidden from them about what people and artists did make of industries,careers, tiniest inventions and the weirdest sciences to the fullest and they know more than itsinventors in these inventions and nothing of what mankind did make would be out of theirknowledge by the care of God, the Exalted, and His inspiration, because they are the rulers by Godover His creations by whatever means this word would be understood, and whoever would deny thiswould be of incomplete faith, and there are clues and prooves that cut out the road for the opponentand narrow his way, and they have the knowledge of troubles and what happened or what willhappen until the doomsday, add to that the knowledge of the Islamic laws as it was revealed on theirgrandfather the Chosen [meaning the prophet] (PUH), and 'Ali is the one who tells about himself theholiness and he's the most truthful sayer after God, the Exalted and His chosen prophet (PUH) whenhe said: in here (and pointing to his holy chest) a great knowledge, if only I can find someone to bearit. He said also (after he swore by God): I've become to know a secret that if I told you about youwould be diffused as the robes of buckets in the far distant wells. And he's the sayer also: I knowwhat are in heavens and earth and I know what is in paradise and hell, and i know what was andwhat will be..etc. He said also: ask me before you lose me, and a lot more of the same sayings andwhat was been told about his rights by the holy prophets (PUH) is not countable and one of the mostfamous speeches for him (PUH): if I wasn't just afraid that you would say in 'Ali like what thechristians said about Jesus the son of Mary, I would say something that would make you take thesand from beneath his feet. And from him (PUH) speaking to 'Ali: O 'Ali, no one loves you but abeliever, and no one hates you but a hypocrite, and so the love of 'Ali is faith and his hate ishypocrisy. Could anyone count his virtues and miracles?, here is Nahj Al-Balâghah in front of you,meditate through it and it will guide you through, and how many times they did the books anddetailed his virtues and miracles and Ahmad ben Hanbal [an Islamic wiseman or scholar that createda creed in Islam known by his name] did show a lot of these [Nahj Al-Balâghah: a famous book thatcollects lot of 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib's speeches, it is a great source for anyone that would like to see themagic of Arabic tongue, for 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib was and still one of the greatest personnes that borethe great knowledges of the Arabic language]. Al-Shâfi'i [another scholar that created another creed]did make poems about him ('Ali PUH), add to that me also [the author of this book], and also IbnoAbi Al-Hadeed Abdul-Hameed, and Abdul-Bâqi Al-Omari and others. The wiseman Al-Hilli issued abook that he called "Kitab Al-Alfayn" (Book of the two thousands) that contained two thousandsclues by logic and by chained speeches for that 'Ali being an Imam and protected against the wrong

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doings and the same for his eleven descendants one by one until the last of them Al-Mahdi theawaited absent, may our souls be a ransom to him. It is not a speech to show their virtues and theirlevels, however, but it was necessary to show this in this position.

(Having a tent for them in the place of the Holy House)

From Abi Jafar Al-Bâqir (PUH) from his fathers (PUT): God sent to Gabriel (PUH) that I had mercyupon Adam and Eve so get them a tent from the tents of paradise and make it stand in the place ofthe House and its base that was lifted before by the Angels, and so did Gabriel, and made a stand forit in the place of the House then he got them down from Al-Safâ and Al-Marwah and gathered themtogether in the tent. The pillar of the tent was made of ruby and its light enlightened the mounts ofMecca, and the light reached the borders of Al-Haram, and it is the position of Al-Haram nowadays[meaning borders of Mecca maybe?], and so God made it sacred for the tent and the pillar that arefrom paradise. Then the tent was stretched and the end of the tent's ropes were the mosque and it isAl-Masjid Al-Harâm (the Holy "Sacred" Mosque). Then God revelaed seventy thousands angels toguard the tent against demons and cheer Adam and Eve, and so they were going around the tent andguard it. It is probable that God after that sent to Gabriel (PUH) to get down to Adam and Eve andmake them depart the place of the House and build it with stones and raise up its basis and completeit for the rest of the Angels and the creation of Adam's descendants. So he got down to them andmade them out of the tent and moved them away from the House and the tent as well. Then Gabrielraised the basis of the House by a stone from Al-Safâ, and a stone from Al-Marwah, and a stone fromthe mount of Sinai, and a stone from the mount of Al-Salâm [Al-Salâm means The Peace] and it is atthe hind of the House at the back of Kaba, and made these stones the corners of the Holy House,and so he completed it by stones from the mount of Abi-Qubays as he was commanded by God, andmade for it two doors, to the east and to the west. When he was done with its building, Angelsstarted to go around it and when Adam and Eve saw that, they also started going around it seven byseven and it is the law that went on in his (Adam) descendants until the doomsday. And in Ilal Al-Sharâye' (Reasons of Laws) from Bakeer ben A'yon he said: Abu 'Abdullah Al-Sâdiq (PUH) said to me:do you know what it was the black stone in the Holy corner of Kaba? then he said: I said no, he said(PUH) then: it was one of the greatest Angels that God, the Exalted, did Have and when God took thecovenant from the Angels, he was the first to admit it and so God made him the guardian for all ofHis creation and Gave him the covenant to keep and Decided to Make all the creations to renew theircovenants with him each year, then God made him in company with Adam in paradise to remind himof the covenant and renew it each year, so when Adam did the sin and got out of paradise, Godmade him forget the covenant that He took over him and his descendants, for Muhammad and hisviceroy and his descendants the protected against wrong doings, and Made him buffled and lost, butwhen He relented toward Adam He made this Angel in the picture of a white pearl and Sent it downfrom paradise to Adam when he was in the lands of India. When Adam saw this, he got pleasedthough he didn't know what it was except it is some treasure, then God made him speak and said: OAdam, did you know me? then Adam said: no! then he answered: O yes, the demon overcame youand made you forget to praise your Lord, then he changed to his true shape as it was in paradise withAdam (PUH) and said to Adam: where is the covenant? And when Adam remembered that jumped tohim and cried and kissed him and renewed his covenant, then God changed him to a clear whitepearl and Adam (PUH) carried him over his shoulders for his honour, and when he gets tired, Gabriel(PUH) would take it over, until they got to Mecca. It was there in Mecca that Adam kept it and renewhis covenant every day and night and when God wanted to build the Kaba and sent Gabriel for this

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purpose and started in building, made this stone and it is the white pearl in the corner that it is innowadays, and he (Gabriel) sactified God and praised Him, and that's why the law goes for praisingand sanctifying everytime being in front of the corner that carries the Holy stone, and so it is untilthis very day. One of the religious duties to do when visiting the Holy House is to come to the BlackStone and kiss it if it was possible, or raise up the hand towards it and say: O Lord my fidelity I'vedone, and my covenant I've made to Testify me with the deed. [this is a line from a prayer said onpilgrimage time] This is the way of Muslims and all who came before them from the various religionsand laws that admit the honour of the Holy House and the honoured Stone, and it is widely believedby these of the right wisdom and knowledge that an angel can be shaped in any shape even a stone,so it not a weird thing that it is indeed an angel in the shape of a stone [meaning the Black Stone],then how you Muslim raise your hand towards it, and though you speak to your Lord, but you arepointing toward the Holy stone, and it is not like any stone that appear to the public. Someunbelievers make it as a fictitious tale to mock at it and mock at what the Muslims do and the peopleof the past time religions did, so we take refuse to God the Almighty from these who mock at whatGod had ordered to be honoured by His prophets and Ordered His creations to glorify and honourit."He whom Allah sendeth astray, for him there is no guide"(Al-Ra'd: 33)

(Of what was the dog created)

It is mentioned from the prophet (PUH) when he was asked about the dog, of what he was created,he said (PUH): God created it from the saliva of Iblis, and the questioner asked: and how was that Oprophet of God, he then said (PUH): when God got Adam and Eve down to earth, He got them downlike shaking chicks, and when their foe Iblis the damned saw them he ran to the lions ,and they wereon earth before Adam, and then said to them: there are two birds got down from the sky like themno one saw before, come and eat them. Then the lions ran with Iblis, and they were in a far placeaway from them (Adam and Eve) and Iblis went out shouting and seducing them and tell them ofhow close they are, and because of his haste and his many words coming out of his mouth, somesaliva came out and from that saliva did God create two dogs, one male and the other a female, andthey stood before Adam and Eve protecting them from the lions and they didn't allow the lions toapproach and since that day the dog is an enemy for the lion and the lion is an enemy for the dog. Itis mentioned also that when God got Adam (PUH) down to earth, Ordered him to till the land andGave him plants from paradise, so He gave him palms, grape, olive and pomegranate and so on, andso he(Adam) planted them to be for him and for his children and descendants after him and he atefrom the fruits, and the grape were the most aromatic and prettier than musk and sweeter thanhoney, and the palm of Mary the daughter of Amram (PUH) is the Al-'Ajwah [type of palms, it mightbe translated as "pressed dates"], and it is one of paradise's palms and was revealed in Kanun [whatis meant here it might be revealed in the month of Kanun as it is named by people of Iraq and Syriaand the surroundings where the Assyrian names still in use for solar months], and also revealed withAdam (PUH) Al-'Ateeq [another type of palms] and from it did the palm get diverse, and it wasmentioned before that Adam (PUH) got down with him some rods and branches that carried everyseed for every grain, and mentioned also many things more than we had said about what did he facebut all left out to mention only the most important things for who got the heart of caution and anear to listen, and they mentioned also that he was seventy arms in length and Eve was thirty fivearms in length, and he lived for nine hundreds and thirty years and was burried in a cave in themount of Abi-Qubays and his face to the Kaba, and Eve lived after him by one year then got sick for

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fifteen days and died then burried beside him, and when they died there did exist forty thousandsfrom their descendants.

Whoever scans through the life of Adam and Eve (PUT) since they were created by God until the lastday of their lives, he would surely know that they were and still beloved by God and faithful ones andHe only knows their secrets and what are they in real and they are the parents of human beings andthe prophets and messengers, and everyone is out of them and their son, though some might bebetter than them and all on earth and on earth they live and die and on its surface will be grouped,and He, praise be to Him, know all that and whatever might happened by them and what will befrom their descendants even before their creation, since the enterance of Adam and Eve intoparadise and their exit and whatever happened to them before their enterance and after their exit,for a secret that no one knows but Him and a wisdom of His own and it is all in His hands and no onewould share Him in this or in any other matter or any command, and so no power and no strengthbut by Him. Meditate, understand and notice the company of Gabriel (PUH) for them and his contactwith Adam (PUH) without any delay and telling him(Adam) about anything from God and abouteverything he met and happened with him, and the consignment of God for him toward Adam inparadise and after getting out of it and getting him down on earth and amusing him(Adam) andcarrying the Black Stone (the white pearl) with him from India to Mecca and revealing the tent forhim from paradise by commandment of God and revealing the Angels to his side to amuse him bycommandment of God and teaching him the hermitage of pilgrimage, so how we would saysomething that is not proper about him(Adam), and that he did something wrong against God, theExalted, and that he refused the commandment of God by doing such sin, No and Never, and eventhough God called it a sin, then it is like that and it is better to leave it for Him to judge, and weshowed something in the introduction of this book about the infallibility of the prophets. And Adam(PUH) did say to Moses the son of Amram (PUH) when God gathered them together: Take it easy onyour father O son..etc, and mentioned that Moses asked God to gather them together, so then Adam(PUH) did not let his heart forget about God even for a twinkling of an eye, and God, the Exalted,blamed him and he knew that he had done something wrong and regretted about it and been sorryfor what he had done by eating from the tree, and he cried and been sad for so long for the anger ofGod, his beloved, his Creator and his Master and Lord, and Who founded him from nothing and fromsand to existence, completed with thought and sense, and he knew that God did not Want him to eatfrom the tree that is well known with its type and he did ate from it by the seduction of Iblis thedamned and it is against the will of the Master, the High, the Exalted and Almighty, and so the sin ofAdam and his deed with the tree that was prohibited and to Whom prohibited him was great, andnot a taboo, but what he had done was something disliked, and this is the truth that we believe inand no doubt we have about it for what we had explained. [the previous paragraph was a highlyphilosophical in its terms and might contain un-correct translations].

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(The marriage of Adam and Eve)

What was mentioned about the marriage of Adam and Eve from the Household members (PUT) isthat when God created Adam (PUH) from sand and breathed in him from His Spirit and Made theAngels prostrate before him, he got asleep, and while he was sleeping God created Eve as He didcreate Adam (PUH) from a mud of the same type of the mud of Adam or from the remains of hismud, and Made her stuck to his side in a position between his hips, and that to make womanbelonging to man. When God founded the soul into her she moved and Adam got awake for hermovement, and she was called to move away from him, and when Adam looked at her he saw apretty creation that looks like him but she was a female, and talked to her and she spoke with hislanguage, then he said to her: who are you? So she said: a creation made by God as you can see.Then Adam talked to his Lord and said: O Lord, who is this creation who I got amused for being withand looking at? Then said God, the Exalted: this is My slave, Eve, would you like her to be with youfor your amusement and talk with you and be under your command? So Adam said: Yes O Lord, andthanks and praise be to You as long as I live. Then God did say: ask for her engagement from Me, forshe is My slave and she is the one for lust too. And God dropped the lust over him(Adam), and he didsay: O Lord, I ask for her engagement for myself, what would make You satisfy? Then God did say: Mysatisfaction would be to teach her My faith. Then Adam (PUH) did say: that would be for You O Lord,as long as You want it. Then God did say: I wanted so, and she is your wife for what I have asked youto do, so take her to your side. So then Adam (PUH) accepted that and been satisfied, then Adam didsay: come to me, then she said: but you have to come to me, then God ordered Adam to go to herand so he did, and if it wasn't that women would go by themselves to men to make engagements,and this is the story of the marriage of Adam and Eve. It is famous in the public that Eve was createdfrom the left rib of Adam, and this was denied by members of the Household (PUT), it was been toldthat when Al-Imam Al-Sâdiq (PUH) was asked about this matter and the questioner showed that is itfamous in the public that Eve was created from the left rib of Adam, so then Al-Sâdiq (PUH) did say:praise be to God and Exalted He shall be above all what they say, who says that God did not have theability to create a wife for Adam but from his rib and make a way for who talks in ill manner to saythat Adam got married to himself as long she is made from his rib, not for these people did Godjudge between them and us. From Al-Imam Al-Razi [famous medicine and science man and some sayhe was a Shiite and got his teachings and wisdom from the Imams of the Household PUT, and Godonly Knows] in his interpretation for God's saying "O mankind! Be careful of your duty to your LordWho created you from a single soul and from it created its mate"(Al-Nesâ': 1) : what is meant by thismate is Eve, and about the creation of Eve from Adam there are two sayings, the first: and it is themost common, that when God created Adam, made him sleep then Created Eve from one of his leftribs, so when he got awake and saw her, he got inclined to her because she was made from one ofhis parts. This saying was supported by the saying of the prophet (PUH): the woman is made of a rib,so whenever you want to make it straight it would be broken and if you left it bent, you would enjoyit. This is what they said and God only knows, for supporting their believe and claims. The secondsaying: and it is the choice of Abi Muslim Al-Asfahâni: what is meant by God's saying "and from itcreated its mate" meaning from its type and it is like God's saying "He created for you helpmeetsfrom yourselves"(Al-Rum: 21) and like His saying "by sending unto them a messenger of theirown"(Al-Imran: 164) And there are explanations and opinions and discoveries made and born by theideas of philosophists and it was not the first flask to be broken in Islam, for there are so manyinventors and makers, and God did say "follow not that whereof thou hast no knowledge"(Al-

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Esrâ',Bani Isrâ'il: 36) and "Assuredly conjecture can by no means take the place of truth"(Yunus: 36)and "Hath Allah permitted you, or do ye invent a lie concerning Allah?"(Yunus: 59) and "Ask thefollowers of the Remembrance if ye know not!"(Al-Nahl: 43)

The truth is what was said by the members of the Household (PUT), and they know better. And it isnecessary to remember that what is agreed on by logic and as transfered by speech that God, theExalted, Is able to Create anything anyhow He likes, and when He created Adam (PUH) from sand, Hewas able to Create Eve also from sand, and as long it is that way for what purpose He , the Exalted,would create her out from one of his (PUH) ribs but to be against what the Household do say, andwhat was said by the Household is what goes along with the good thinking and would be accepted bythe straight mind, and if the creation of Eve from his ribs, after his existence and the completeness ofhis creation and being breathed in and making the Angels prostrate before him as they claim, thatwould require getting his rib out after falling asleep to create Eve in something appears more like asurgery as done by the physicians these days like cutting and pulling out stones and opening theabdomen, after putting under the chloroform and it is something that would make the bereavedmother laugh, and if they meant by all that that she was created from the remains of his mud and hissand and not his rib after his creation, then it is as said by the Household of Muhammad the Chosen,and so no difference, but why do they say his left rib? maybe they meant from the his sand remainsand God knows better and it is all up to Him and no power except by Him.

(The marriage of the children of Adam (PUH))

The marriage of the children of Adam (PUH) from each other was a matter of a lot of controversy.Some people said that their marriage first was in the manner of a brother with a sister marriage sinceEve used to have a male and a female at every pregnancy and the rule with them was the marriageof the female of the next pregnancy with the male of the previous pregnancy and vice versa and abrother was not allowed to marriage the sister that was born with him at the same time. Then theconsideration of lawfulness and unlawfulness is not independent of thinking itself, but it is an act ofthe legislator and they are created laws, the legislator can put them up or cancel them because he isthe source of legislation, so then what is unlawful is what God made unlawful and what is lawful iswhat He made lawful, so in the beginning of this matter it was lawful for the necessity and beingamong them only, but then after that it was made unlawful by God when they turned to benumerous and there was no count in the later religions for the necessity nor a criticizing for anydifference in the laws. In the beginning Adam let the brother get married to his sister by acommandment of God and it is lawful by the order of God and there should be no abominationbecause the laws were issued by Him and He is the source for them so no objection should be therefrom the created against the Creator, that is if this is the case. But what is mentioned from theHousehold members (PUT) is that it is forbidden and they opposed it furiously. A questioner askedAl-Imam Al-Sâdiq (PUH) and the questioner showed that the whole creation is in origin from brothersand sisters then said he (PUH): praise be to God, the Exalted, the High above all what they say, dothey say that the best of God's creation and the prophets came from a taboo and that God could notMake them out of lawful ways? i swear by God that I've been told that some animals did not know itssister and rided over her, then it got from over its back and knew that it is the sister, it bit over itsown genitals until they died. In a speech from Zorârah ben A'yon from Abi 'Abdullah Al-Sâdiq (PUH)in a long speech, he mentioned what is told about the marriage of sisters and brothers until he said(PUH): Woe to these (who believe in the marriage of sisters and brothers) where are they about what

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was agreed on by the wisemen of Hijâz and wisemen of Iraq that God ordered the pen and it wroteon the Kept Board [this is the board of destinies, you can see a similar concept in other paganreligions, like Sumerian] what is to be until the time of the doomsday and that was before thecreation of Adam (PUH) by two thousands years and the books of God, the Exalted, were written bythe pen and in all of them there is a prohibition for the marriage of brothers and sisters, until he said(PUH): and these are the most famous books in this world, they are the old and new testaments,book of psalms and Al-Forqân (Quran), they had been revealed by God from the Kept Board on Hisprophets, peace on all of them, and there is no such legislation for anything like that, and anyonesaid that only wanted to support the opinions of the magians.

Then he started to explain the beginning of the race from Adam (PUH) and his children, and that hehad Qâbeel (Cain) and when he grew and been mature, God showed a faminine demon from Djinncalled Johânah in the shape of a human so when Qâbeel saw her he loved her, and then God sent toAdam to engage her to Qâbeel. Then he got Hâbeel (Abel) and when he grew and been mature, Godrevealed a nymph [notice nymph here does not mean "mermaid", but maiden from paradise withextra-ordinary beauty] from paradise to Adam and her name was Nazlah, so when Hâbeel saw herloved her and then God sent to Adam to engage her to Hâbeel and he did so. So, Nazlah the nymphwas a wife to Hâbeel ben Adam and Johânah the one from Djinn a wife for Qâbeel ben Adam and therace was out of them. And Adam (PUH) had a daughter and her name was 'Enâq but she was a baddaughter and got a son that she called 'Ewaj and he was a mighty one and a foe for God and Hisfaithful slaves and for every religion and Islam and he was a giant with huge body and could take awhale with his hand from the bottom of the sea then lift it up in the sky and grill it in the heat of thesun and eat it then, and he lived for three thousands and six hundreds years as been told. Then Godsent someone to his mother 'Enâq daughter of Adam to kill her, and so she was killed and died aftershe gave birth to 'Ewaj. It is mentioned also that after Adam got four males, God revealed for themfour nymphs, so each one married one of them and gave birth, then God did lift them up again, thenthese four married also four from Djinn and they gave birth too, and from them all did come the raceand made numerous, so anyone that is clement it would be rooted to Adam (PUH) and anyone withbeauty then it would be rooted to the nymphs, and anyone with ugliness or bad manners that wouldbe rooted to the Djinn. What is mentioned by the Household (PUT) that the children of Adam (PUH),some of them married the nymphs and some of them married demons and they got children, soanyone of them would be with beauty and manners that would be from the nymphs and any one ofthem would be of bad manners and ugliness that would be from the Djinn (or demons), and anywayboth tales leads to the same point. And in a speech for Al-Sâdiq (PUH) he mentions that Adam (PUH)got birth for seventy times, in each time he gets a male and a female, until God gave Adam Sethwithout any other, then when Seth grew and God wanted to reach with the race as you see now, Herevealed at the after-noon of a Thursday a nymph from paradise that was called Nazlah, so Godordered Adam to engage her to Seth and so he did. Then, He revealed another nymph from paradisetoo at the next day's after-noon and her name was Monazzalah, and God ordered Adam to engageher to his son Japheth [Arabic: Yâfeth] and so he did. Then Seth had a boy and Japheth had a girl,then God ordered Adam when they grew and been mature to let them marriage each other and sohe did and she gave birth to the chosen of prophets and messengers. Then said Al-Imam Al-Sâdiq(PUH): And woe to them who said about the matter of the marriage of brothers and sisters, so themarriage of Japheth and Seth with the two nymphs Nazlah and Monazzalah was for a wisdom and asecret that was kept in the knowledge of God and only He know it and no one else, and the brains of

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Adam's descendants is far from understanding the true aspects of such things, and Man was createdas a fool. To surrender to the real thing is a must, especially if it was beyond the abilities of humanbeings and can not be reached with their thinking nor their dreams. It is mentioned by them (PUT)also that God, the Exalted, ordered Adam (PUH) to put the heritage of prophecy and wisdom withinHâbeel and teach him about it and about whatever God ordered with and whatever God prohibited,so then when he did that and Qâbeel knew about what happened from his father Adam toward hisbrother Hâbeel he got angry and opposed his father and said: am I not the older than Hâbeel anddeserve this more than him and you should have put me before Hâbeel? So he said to him: O son,the matter is not in my hands but in the hands of God and God only made it for him and I did not doit for by my wishes, but that was from an order from my Lord, so if you do not believe, give a sacrificeand whoever God would accept his sacrifice then he is the one to be chosen and receive the heritageof prophecy. At the time, the acception of a sacrifice was to be hit by fire from heaven and burn it,and if it is not accepted no fire would come and it won't be burnt. Qâbeel was a man of agricultureso he sacrificed with bad wheat, and Hâbeel was a shepherd and so he sacrificed with a fat sheep,then a fire came from heaven down over the sheep of Hâbeel and burnt it and did not touch thesacrifice of Qâbeel, so then Qâbeel got so mad and Iblis came to him and whispered to him and said:if you had children and your race became numerous, then for sure the children of Hâbeel would beproud over your own children for accepting of the sacrifice of their father and not accepting yours,and that God made it special for Hâbeel to take the heritage of prophecy instead of you, and thatwould make you with your children worried and humiliated, and if you killed him you would cut offhis branch and relax your children from all these troubles and hardness, and your father would notfind anyone to take the heritage but you to win. Then his soul seduced him to kill his brother and sohe did. Then Iblis the damned did say to him: the fire that accept the sacrifice and burn it is calledthe Holy, so make it holy and build a house for it and make some people to worship it so it wouldaccept your sacrifice and the sacrifice of everyone that worship it and be sure to worship it in a goodmanner and take care of it if you want to do so. So, Qâbeel did whatever Iblis ordered him to do andso he was the first to worship the fire and built houses for it and so he became a disbeliever in God.

He killed his brother in Basrah in the Kiblah (prayer niche) direction of the mosque of Al-Jâme', andat the day that Hâbeel (PUH) was killed, his wife Nazlah the nymph was pregnant and she gave birthto a boy that was called by his grandfather Adam (PUH) Hâbeel as his father's name, and we havementioned before that Adam got, after Hâbeel murder within a time, a boy and called him Seth thenAdam said this is te gift of God [notice: Seth or Sheth means The Gift] because he was born aftersome time after the murder of Hâbeel and after Adam stopped contacting Eve (PUT) for his sadnessupon Hâbeel because Hâbeel had a great position towards God, and because it is the first greatmurder to occur on the face of earth between his sons and children, and when the gift of God Seth(PUH) got older and mature, we said that God, the Exalted, sent down for Adam a nymph calledNazlah as mentioned before in the shape of a human and God ordered him to engage her for his sonthe gift of God Seth and so Adam did so and then she gave birth for a boy from the gift of God Sethas mentioned before, then she gave birth for a girl also from him and called her Hooriyah [meaning: anymph] so then God ordered him to engage her for Hâbeel the son of Hâbeel and so he did, andwhen the days of Adam (PUH) were to be over, God ordered him(Adam) to bequeath to his son thegift of God Seth and give him the heritage of prophecy and wisdom and ordered him to be silent andkeep it a secret to avoid his brother Qâbeel to not envy him and kill him as he did with Hâbeel. It ismentioned also that when Qâbeel killed his brother Hâbeel he did not know what to do with him so

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God sent two crows and they fought together until one of them killed the other then the killer dag alittle hole with his claws and buried the killed one, and that was just to show Qâbeel how to bury hisbrother Hâbeel (PUH) then Qâbeel said what it mentioned in the Holy Quran "Woe unto me! Am Inot able to be as this raven and so hide my brother's naked corpse ? And he became repentant"(Al-Mâ'idah: 31) and so he dag a hole for him and buried him. Then after he buried him Qâbeel got backto his father and his brother was not with him, so then his father Adam (PUH) said to him: where didyou leave your brother Hâbeel? Then Qâbeel did say to him: and dd you send me as keeper for him?Then his father said to him and he felt the evil and what he did with him: go with me to the place ofthe sacrifice and when he reached it he knew that he was killed and Adam (PUH) showed sadnessand regret for losing him, and he got sad a lot and cried for him forty days and nights, and his murderwas at the end of the month on Wednesday and for this Wednesdays were always days of ill-luck andin special the last Wednesday of the month. It was been told also that when Qâbeel killed Hâbeel(PUH), the beasts, lions and birds and whatever types of animals got disturbed and departed becauseof their fear and every type followed its own type after they were all mixed together and used to livewith human beings and do not go away from him, but after the son of Adam killed his brother theydeparted. It has been told that the people that would be tortured the most at the doomsday areseven persons, the first of them is the son of Adam who killed his brother, and Nemrud (Nimrud)who argued Abraham about his Lord and threw him in fire and two from Israelites that made theirpeople Jews and Christians and the pharaoh who said I am your exalted god [meaning the pharaoh ofMoses, and it might be Ramesses II], and two from this nation [nation means here either Islamnation or only the Arab nation]. We have mentioned before that Adam (PUH) lived for nine hundredsand thirty years and this is the most famous and he was buried after his death in a cave in the mountof Abi Qubays and his face towards the Holy Kaba, and mentioned that God sent to Noah (PUH) whilehe was in the Ark to go around the House for a week and so he did then God ordered him to carrywith him the corpse of his father Adam [in Arabic you can point to the grand father of someone byfather as well] to Kufa [a city in Iraq was a capital for the Islamic rule during the rule of 'Ali ben AbiTâlib PUH], so he got to the water and got out a tomb carrying the corpse of Adam (PUH) and hisbones and carried it in the heart of the Ark then he went around the House as God desired then hegot back until he reached the gates of Kufa in the middle of its mosque from where did the Ark moveand from there the people departed as well as the animals, then he (Noah) took the corpse of Adamthe father of Human beings and buried it in Kufa in Al-Najaf where lies the Prince of Believers (PUH),and where there is the tomb of Noah himself (PUH), and everything was by order from God and Heknows everything better.

The great historian and the owner of Moruj Al-Ðahab [Fields of Gold], Al-Mas'udi, mentioned in it(the book), from the Prince of Believers (PUH) a story related to the concept of creation and some ofthe conditions of Adam (PUH) I would like to mention it here for this occasion and for what itcontains from recent facts and brightful clues to assert the truth and refute the lies, and mentionedin it cases that its measurement aren't doubtful, and I did not see it in Nahj Al-Balâghah, so he said:he said (Prince of Believers PUH) when God desired to Predestinate the creation and Making thelivings and Invent the Inventions, He made the creation in a picture of dust, and that was before thecreation of earth and lifting of the skies, and He is in His Throne and with His own power, then Hereleased a part of light from His own light so it got sprinkled, and Took out some of His ownbrightness and it got bright then the light gathered in the middle of that hidden pictures and thatmatched the picture of our prophet Muhammad (PUH), then God, the Exalted one, did say: you are

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the Chosen and the one that keeps My light and the treasures of My guidance, so for you I make theearth and Wave the water and Lift up the skies, and Make the rewards and punishments, paradiseand hell, and Make your Household for guidance and Give them from My wisdom that nothing wouldmake troubles for them and nothing hidden would make them tired, and Make them the rulers overMy livings and the warners for My power and My uniqueness, then God took their testaments forHimself being a Lord, and their sincerity for Himself being One, and before God took whatever Hetook over His creation, He selected Muhammad and his Household and Showed them that guidanceis with him (the prophet) and the light is with him and the leadership in his Household, then God hidthe creation in His divination and Hid it in the deeps of His wisdom, then Created the worlds andWaved the water and Excited the foam and Raised the smoke, then His Throne floated upon thewater and then He made the earth upon the water's surface, then He called them to obey and theyanswered, then God created the Angels from lights that He did create and souls He did invent andcombined believing in Him being Holy One with believing in the prophecy of Muhammad (PUH) andso it was made famous in the heavens before he was sent on earth, and when God created Adam, Heshowed his virtues for the Angels and Showed them what special wisdom he has when he was askedabout the names of things, so He made Adam a sanctuary and a door and a qiblah [destination of theprayer's face] to which He made the faithful and spiritual and the lights prostrate towards, then Hewarned Adam for His secret and Showed him the seriousness of what He made it a fidelity for himafter He called him an Imâm (leader) among the Angels, so his luck of goodness was for what did hecarry from our lights, and still God did hide this light by time until it appeared with the prophetMuhammad (PUH) and he invited people in secret and in public, and he (the prophet PUH) recalledback for the keeping of the testament that he gave in the world of atoms before coming into a being,so whoever went along with him and took from the lamp of light that is given would be guided to hispath and would be clear on his matter, and whoever been fooled deserved the anger, then the lighttransferred to our senses and got brightened in our Imâms, so we are the lights of heavens and lightsof earth, so with us the safety and from us the secrets of wisdom and for us the endings of matters,and with our Mahdi the leadership would be over, the last of Imams and the saviour of the nationand the source of issues, so we are the best of the creation and the most honest believers and theleaders by the commandment of God, so let him be in grace who believes in us. Finished what Al-Mas'udi transferred from the master of Believers the prince of Believers (PUH)

Then said Al-Mas'udi in Muruj Al-Ðahab, page twenty three, part one, published by Dâr Al-Rajâ',Baghdad, this is what was mentioned by Abi Abdullah Jafar ben Muhammad from his fatherMuhammad ben 'Ali from his father 'Ali ben Al-Husain from his father Al-Husain ben 'Ali from thePrince of Believers 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib (PUH), over. Then said Al-Mas'udi: what is found in the oldtestament (Torah) is that God started the creation on Monday and finished in Saturday and for thisthey had Saturday for a holiday, and people of the new testament (Injeel) claimed that Messiah(PUH) stood up from his grave on Sunday so they had this day as a holiday. [seems the emphasis onthis paragraph is put here because Al-Mas'udi is a Sunnite scholar and is put here as a clue from asunnite book on the value and level of the Household of the prophet Muhammad, which issomething denied by the creed of Sunnites. But also I might be mistaken with that.] And what isbelieved by the public, from scholars and tracers, is that the starting was on Sunday and the endingwas on Friday and in it the soul was breathed into Adam and it is the sixth od April, then Eve wascreated from Adam, and lived in paradise for three hours of that day, so they stayed for three hoursand it is the quarter of a day by two hundreds and fifty years from this life's years, and Adam was

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down on Sarandeeb (Ceylon), and Eve in Jeddah, and Iblis in Bisan [might be a city in Turkey or Iran],and the snake in Asbahân (Asfahan). So Adam fell down in India on the island of Sarandeeb on themount of Rahoon (?), and on him the leaves that he covered himself with from the trees of paradise,so it got dry and the wind sprinkled it and spreaded it over India, so it is said and God only knows,this is why the good scents and perfumes are brought from the land of India, because of theseleaves.

Then said Al-Mas'udi: when Adam fell down from paradise he got out of it with a packet of wheatand thirty rods from paradise trees, carrying several types of fruits, ten of them from these who havea shell and they are: Walnut, Almonds, Hazel, Pistachio, Poppy, Chestnut, Bitter orange,Pomegranate, Banana, and Oak, and ten of them from these who have a pulp and they are: Peach,Apricot, Plum, Date, Mountain ash, Nabk (lotus jujube), Hawthorn, Jujube, (balsamadendronafricanum) [could not find the translation for this word at all],and wild plum, and from these whohave no shell nor pulp, and they are ten also: Apple, Quince, Grape, Pear, Fig, Raspberry, Citron,Snake cucumber, Cucumber, and carob. Then he said: it is said that when Adam and Eve fell downfrom paradise, they fell apart, so then they met each other in the position called 'Arafah and for thismeeting this position was called like that. He mentioned also that people of the Book [meaningChristians and Jews] claimed that Adam engaged the sister of Hâbeel to Qâbeel and the sister ofQâbeel to Hâbeel and differentiated in marriage between two pregnancies, then he said: andMagians claimed that Adam did not refuse the marriage between two pregnancies and he did notcheck about it and they have for this a poem claiming in it the virtue and goodness in engaging abrother to his sister and the mother to her son..etc. Al-Mas'udi showed also some matters aboutHâbeel and Qâbeel and investigated about it, until he said: it is said that he killed him in a desert, andit had been told that that was in Damascus in Syria, and he killed him by injuring with a stone, untilhe said: when he killed him, he got buffled and did not know what to do with the body, so he carriedhim and walked across the lands then God sent a crow (raven) to another crow so it killed the otherand burried him, so Qâbeel regretted and said what the Quran did say about him "Woe unto me! AmI not able to be as this raven and so hide my brother's naked corpse?" then he burried him, so whenAdam knew about it he got sad, afraid and frightened..etc.

Then he said in Muruj Al-Ðahab: Then God inspired to him (to Adam) I'm going to extract from youMy light that is the guide in the pure worshipping and the honourable stumps of trees, and I willmake it the one with pride among all the lights and Make him the end of prophets and Make hisHousehold the best of leaders and viceroys and I will make the end of time by their end and Full upthe earth with their allegation and Spread it among their followers so stand up, tuck and purifyyourself, sanctify and praise and go to your wife and she is clean because My deposit will betransferred from you to the boy coming from both of you, so Adam did it with Eve so she becamepregnant at the same time and her forehead got shone and the light got brightened from her eyesuntil her pregnancy was over she had give birth to a breeze like the finest of all the males and mostrespectful and prettiest in shape and most complete in his look-likes and fairly created, accompaniedby light and dignity, covered with pride and majesty, and so the light transferred from Eve to him so itwas brightened in his forehead and rose in his face, so then Adam called him Seth the gift of God,and so until he got older, Adam did give him the heritage and told him the responsibilities upon himand told him that he is a leader by God after him and His viceroy on earth and the doer for the rightsfor God, and he is the second transmission for the Holy Nucleus (Atom). Until Al-Mas'udi said: andAdam did appoint Seth over his(Adam) kids and it is said that Adam died after having forty thousands

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of his children and grand children, until he said: Seth did rule the people and legislated by his father'sBooks and by what was revealed upon him from books and laws. Then Seth gave the heritage to hisson Anush and told him about the deposit and told him the honour of this deposit and that it is theirhonour. Then told him also to warn his children one after the other about this honour and leteveryone of them give its heritage to his descendants and make it among them as a will(testament)transferring as long as the race did exist. So the will kept on moving from century to century untilGod gave the light to 'Abdul-Mottalib and his son 'Abdullah the father of the prophet of God (PUH)then he said: At this position the people of creeds did differ, and some of them believed in ascribingand some of them believed in selection. These who believe in ascribing are Abâdhites (it is a bandfrom Al-Khawârij) [Al-Khawârij, people popped up on the surface during the war between 'Ali benAbi Tâlib PUH and the prince of Umayya, Mo'âwiyah in Syria upon the leadership of the Islamicnation. They believed that the rule should be to God without any need to have a viceroy nor a prince,nor 'Ali nor Mo'âwiyah] and they are the followers of 'Abdullah ben Abâdh Al-Tamimi as mentionedin Majma' Al-Bahrain for Al-Torayhi [a book's name], and the people of Imamism from the followersof 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib (PUH) and the purified from his descendants who mentioned that God never leftan era of time without a man that rule by God's commandments either a prophet or a viceroyappointed by God's prophets and viceroys by names and description. And the people of selection aresome scholars and Al-Mo'tazala [people of some creed] and some bands of Al-Khawârij and Al-Morji'ah [a band that do not judge on anyone but leave it to be on Doomsday], and lot of the peopleof Hadith and public, and some bands from Al-Zaydiyah [a band of Shiites that believe in Zayd ben'Ali ben Al-Husain, the grandson of 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib PUH, to be an Imam and a leader or caliphate.Still common in Yemen], so all of these claimed that God and His prophet appointed to the nation toselect their leaders, and some eras might have no viceroy doing the commandments of God, and it isthe protected Imam for the Shiites. He mentioned that Seth (PUH) is the source of the race afterAdam (PUH) among all his children. And at the time of Anush the son of Seth, Qâbeel which is calledby a lot of people as Qâyen [that is Cain] was killed, and Al-Mas'udi always mentions his name asQâyen the son of Adam, and he is the killer of his brother Hâbeel (PUH). Anush did live for ninehundreds and sixty years. Anush did have a kid called Qaynân (Cainan) and died when he was ninehundreds and twenty years old, and they say his death was in July after he got a son called Mahlâ'eel(Mahalaleel) and he did live for eight hundred years and he had a son called Lud and the light isinherited and the testament is taken. And Al-Mas'udi said: it is said that lot of diversions werefounded at the time of Lud, founded by the descendants of Qâyen (Qâbeel) and he is the killer of hisbrother Hâbeel.

There were wars between the descendants of Lud and Qâyen and stories, all were mentioned in thebook of Al-Mas'udi "Akhbâr Al-Zamân" [i.e. Tidings of Time], and also there were wars between thechildren of Seth and their mates from the children of Qâyen, then he said: and most of this race[maybe he means the race of Cain] is in India, and the life of Lud the son of Mahalaleel expanded forseven hundreds and thirty two years and died on March, and after him came his son Akhnukh and heis Edrees [i.e Enoch] the prophet may peace be upon him and his fathers the purified and his childrenthe chosen from prophets and viceroys, and the Sabaeans believe he is Hermes (and it means)Mercury, and he is what God said about in his holy Book "And We raised him to highstation"(Maryam: 57) and he was the first to sew and stitch. And God revealed on him thirty pages,and Adam (PUH) got twenty one pages before, and on Seth it was revealed twenty nine pagescontained the praising and sanctifying, and after Enoch comes his son Matushâleh [i.e. Methuselah]

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so he built up the lands and the light in his forehead and he got children and people did talk a lotabout his children and they say that Russians and Slavs are from his children and his life was for ninehundreds and sixty years and died in September, and after him came his son Lamak [i.e. Lamech] andduring his days there were accidents and lot of differences and died after seven hundreds and ninetyyears..etc what is mentioned by Al-Mas'udi we copied it by sentences for a time and by summary atanother and God is the Good Donor and He is the Knower of all matters.

Summary of The Story of Adam PUH

The summary of the story of Adam (PUH) is that God told His Angels that He will make a human frommud (or clay) and He ordered them to prostrate before him whenever He breathe in him from HisSpirit after his creation and they did obey the commandment of God and so their prostration was forhonour and not for worshipping, but it is a worshipping for the Commander because God does notcommand someone to worship someone else but Him, so God created Adam from mud and Made itthen black mud altered and when that mud turned to be clay He breathed in him from His Spirit andso it was a living human made of meat and blood and bones and nerves and feelings and senses,moving with will and choice and intelligence and sense and feel, so then God made all of His Angelsprostrate before him, but Iblis was commanded also with them because he was considered to be oneof them and he got a command over them and he was among them and so he was meant by thecommand also but he denied and refused and rebelled against his Lord's command for he was proudof his origin and so he said: am better than him. Thou createdst me of fire while him Thou didstcreate of mud, and so God exiled him out and Damned him and Made shame upon him, read withme the book of our Lord from the chapter of Al-Baqarah: And when We said unto the angels:Prostrate yourselves before Adam, they fell prostrate, all save Iblis. He demurred through pride, andso became a disbeliever (34) and in the chapter of Al-A'râf: And We created you, then fashioned you,then told the angels: Fall ye prostrate before Adam! And they fell prostrate, all save Iblis, who wasnot of those who make prostration (11) meaning that We did create the father of human beings andhe is your origin and you are his children, so We did create for him a creation for you, and in thechapter of Al-Hijr: Verily We created man of potter's clay of black mud altered, And the jinn did Wecreate aforetime of essential fire, And (remember) when thy Lord said unto the angels: Lo! I amcreating a mortal out of potter's clay of black mud altered, So, when I have made him and havebreathed into him of My Spirit, do ye fall down, prostrating yourselves unto him. (26-29). And in thechapter of Al-Kahf: And (remember) when We said unto the angels: Fall prostrate before Adam, andthey fell prostrate, all save Iblis. He was of the jinn, so he rebelled against his Lord's command. Willye choose him and his seed for your protecting friends instead of Me, when they are an enemy untoyou ? Calamitous is the exchange for evil-doers.(50), and in the chapter of Sad this is also included,and the Holy phrases had been mentioned to disaprove the deeds of the damned Iblis and to rebukehim for not obeying the commandment of his Lord and his Creator for prostrating before Adam(PUH), and his rebel and refusal to prostrate for his pride in his origin and that he is the one to beprostrated before and not Adam that was created from mud, for he is created from what is betterwhich is the fire and it is better than the mud, and he showed the maximum refusal and rebellingagainst the Exalted and the Almighty one and God promised him with hell for refusing Hiscommandment so he asked for a delay until the doomsday, as a reward for his worshipping andwhatever was before and so the Wise and Just one answered his request and gave him the delayuntil the doomsday, so after the damned got his request of the delay and his days got lengthened asmuch as this life's days, he took a stand against Adam and his descendants and promised to seduce

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them and make most of them unthankful for God except the honest faithful slaves of God, so Godpromised him and all who follows him from the descendants of Adam that they would be all in hell.The clues for this in the Holy Book are found in many holy phrases in many chapters. In the chapterof Al-A'râf God did say: And We created you, then fashioned you, then told the angels: Fall yeprostrate before Adam! And they fell prostrate, all save Iblis, who was not of those who makeprostration.He said: What hindered thee that thou didst not fall prostrate when I bade thee ? (Iblis)said: I am better than him. Thou createdst me of fire while him Thou didst create of mud, He said:Then go down hence! It is not for thee to show pride here, so go forth! Lo! thou art of thosedegraded, He said: Reprieve me till the day when they are raised (from the dead), He said: Lo! thouart of those reprieved, He said: Now, because Thou hast sent me astray, verily I shall lurk in ambushfor them on Thy Right Path, Then I shall come upon them from before them and from behind themand from their right hands and from their left hands, and Thou wilt not find most of them beholden(unto Thee), He said: Go forth from hence, degraded, banished. As for such of them as follow thee,surely I will fill hell with all of you (12-18), and in the chapter of Al-Hijr it is mentioned in twelvephrases, and in the chapter of Al-Isrâ' (Bani Israel) in five phrases and in the chapter of Sad in ninephrases and so on from the Holy Book. Gid did Show grace to Adam and his wife (PUT) by lettingthem live in paradise and made it open to them except a tree from its trees and Warned them to noteat from it for a wisdom He knows better than any on His creation, He is never asked for what He isdoing and they will be asked, but their enemy Iblis didn't leave them alone and started to try to trickthem and seduce them and did his best with that, approaching them from every side and way untilhe got over them and tricked them so they grabbed from it and started to eat by his whispers and hisseduction and he swore to them that he is a sincere adviser unto them, and told them that your Lorddid not forbid you from eating from this tree unless eating from it would make you angels orimmortals and so death never reach you, so he said to Adam: shall I guide you to the tree ofimmortality and an endless sovereignty? and he swore that he is an adviser, until Adam forgot thathe is his enemy that denied to prostrate to him and that God warned him (Adam) about him (Iblis) byHis saying: Therefor we said: O Adam! This is an enemy unto thee and unto thy wife, so let him notdrive you both out of the Garden so that thou come to toil (Ta Ha: 117). So then when they ate fromthe tree so that their shame became apparent unto them, and they began to hide by heaping onthemselves some of the leaves of the Garden, and that caused them to be out of paradise and Godrebuked them for their refusal and eating from the tree, so then Adam regretted and started toapology for his Creator and his Master, but the wisdom of the Most Wise one judged to let then out.So then the Exalted one said: Fall down, one of you a foe unto the other! There shall be for you onearth a habitation and provision for a time, Then Adam received from his Lord words (of revelation),and He relented toward him(Al-Baqarah: 36,37) and so God guided him and Chose him, read with methe Holy phrases for this matter, in the chapter of Al-Baqarah: And We said: O Adam! Dwell thou andthy wife in the Garden, and eat ye freely (of the fruits) thereof where ye will; but come not nigh thistree lest ye become wrong-doers, But Satan caused them to deflect therefrom and expelled themfrom the (happy) state in which they were; and We said: Fall down, one of you a foe unto the other!There shall be for you on earth a habitation and provision for a time, Then Adam received from hisLord words (of revelation), and He relented toward him. Lo! He is the relenting, the Merciful (35-37)and there is the same in the chapter of Al-A'râf in seven phrases and the same in the chapter of TaHa in nine phrases. And when you meditate through the meanings of these phrases by meanings ofthe tradition you will find that Adam (PUH) did not disobey his Lord as to rebel against Him nor hewas someone harsh and unmerciful, but the damned tricked him and made him astray as Iblis the

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wicked one wanted, and as if Adam (PUH) was an ear that believes everyone that comes with goodtidings that does not conflict with his religion (belief) and does not stand against his Lord, O how isthe heart of Adam is filled with passion and how pure is it, and how great is the faith of Adam in hisGod and how great is the mercy of his God and His relenting, and so his Lord relented toward himand Guided him and Chose him to be a prophet and a viceroy on earth, and Revealed upon him thelaws and rules of His religion for what is allowed and what is not from his deeds and manners andeverything about his religion that God assigned for him and for his children, and that they areresponsible after satisfying the conditions of responsibility legally and logically, and then Godrevealed upon him twenty one pages and you passed on about his conditions as mentioned by theHousehold (PUT) before and how God taught him a thousand thousand tongues, and it might be thelanguages of birds and beasts and every animal and the languages of whatever that will be born fromhis children until the end of time like Syriac and Hebrew and Arabic and so on of whatever is foundedin our time and taught him the names of the prophets and saints and viceroys and especially thenames of who are the reason for creating this creation, and they are Muhammad the Chosen and 'Aliand Fâtima and Al-Hasan and Al-Husain (the martyr) and the nine protected from the descendants ofAl-Husain (PUT). And when the Angels knew about Adam being a viceroy on earth and knew thatthere will be corruption from his children and descendants and they checked the corruption evenbefore in the world created before Adam by Djinn and others, as pointed before, the objection fromthem is accepted for it is as a question from the one that does not know about the wisdom behindhis creation and foundation, so the dedicated their speech to the Holy Exalted one, and said: Wiltthou place therein one who will do harm therein and will shed blood, while we, we hymn Thy praiseand sanctify Thee? (Al-Baqarah: 30) so the purpose of their objection is to understand the secret ofthis creation, but not to make the deed of the Wise and Exalted one as a wrong doing, for they knowthat He, may praise be to Him, Does nothing that oppose the wisdom for He knows everythingpossible and every living things before their existence, and He warned them and told them that Heknows the secrets in this creation far more than what they know, and He knows what they show andwhat they keep as a secret, and He appointed to him (Adam) what they (angels) do not know, so Godsaid in the chapter of Al-Baqarah: And when thy Lord said unto the angels: Lo! I am about to place aviceroy in the earth, they said: Wilt thou place therein one who will do harm therein and will shedblood, while we, we hymn Thy praise and sanctify Thee ? He said: Surely I know that which ye knownot (30). And the objection from them for what we had pointed out before, how and they are thehonoured slaves that do not say before Him and work by His commandments.

We've pointed out before that all the names that God taught to Adam and Angels did not know werenames of people or the most important part of such names and they are the names of the prophetsand messengers from his descendants after they had been pictured and showed for him and thename of our prophet Muhammad (PUH) and his twelve viceroys that came after him and end up withAl-Mahdi, and especially the five Chosen of The Cover [the story of the cover is well known for shiitesand the tale is told in some occasions for blessing. The five that came under one cover one day arethe prophet and his cousin 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib then followed by his sons Al-Hasan and Al-Husain, thenat the end, by the daughter of the prophet and the wife of 'Ali ben Abi Tâlib, Fâtima], whom theirlights are founded on the leg of the Throne before the creation of Adam by two thousands years, andthey are: the Chosen (the prophet), Al-Mortadhâ ('Ali ben Abi Tâlib), Al-Zahrâ' (Fâtima), Al-Mojtabâ(Al-Hasan), and the fifth Al-Husain ben 'Ali (PUT), and by them God did relent towards Adam whenhe prayed and asked God by these names so then God relented toward him.

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We don't mind that some of the names that God taught Adam (PUH) are names of all the species inthe paradise that he were in and species on earth and the languages, and everything he mightneed..etc. And we mind that they were names of what Adam needs and feels and touches andwhatever he needs from drinks and foods and clothes and leaves of trees and their branches andfruits and the like. And some people did follow this path and interpret it by his own opinion, and thatis the teacher Mr. Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr when he said: And what I understand is that He taught himabout everything in the paradise of Aden and Inspired him and Gave him the ability to put names foreverything he did see there from plants and their parts and trees and fruits and branches and leavesand pulps and all the tools that were there and everything that were there from animals and theirparts for he needs them. Then he said: it is known that the knowledge of Adam about such things isnatural, instead of the Angels who need nothing of that for they do not need food nor drink and donot do anything of that..etc. What is issued by the mentioned teacher, and by meditation, you willfind it is not in its correct place, and he made a mistake or had an absence of mind towards truth andreality, look in page five from "tales of the prophets" for Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr, third edition, and inpage six he said: some people exaggerate about things and claim that God taught Adam everythingwas and everything will be and Showed him pictures of such things, whatever was there and wouldbe there, and Adam called everything with its name, and this is an exaggeration that I do not inclineto believe in, but I'm inclined to believe that he named the things that came under his senses.

The complete wise and sane noble if he noticed the Director of the words of wonder to the Angelsand the inhabitants of heavens from the world of light and spirit is the Almighty, the Knower, and theFounder for everything and the Lord of livings and He is the one that noting can be hidden beforeHim on earth or in heavens. So do we imagine that the Creator of every great thing Would teach thefather of prophets and messengers, the father of Muhammad and 'Ali and the rest of his Household,He would teach him something that surprises the Angels and the Arch-Angels like Gabriel andMichael and Israfeel [Israfeel might mean Raphael, for the close relation of letters and sounds in bothnames] and the Angel of death (Azrael) (PUT), and teach (Adam) them a wisdom that is unreachableby their senses, and of high level and weird to them, and what is it, it is only names of what he eatsand drinks and names of the leaves of trees and its fruits and its pulps and its shells as it isunderstood by the teacher of universities and colleges of education or the teacher of the Islamichistory in the college of "origins of religion" (Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr) and he is the one that hisopinion is inclined to this interpretation for the phrases of God, the Exalted, and their interpretationis not known except by God and those who are of sound instruction, and God did say "follow not thatwhereof thou hast no knowledge"(Al-Isrâ'/Bani Israel: 36), "Assuredly conjecture can by no meanstake the place of truth"(Yunus: 36), "Ask the followers of the Reminder if ye know not"(Al-Anbiyâ': 7).The Remainder is the Holy Quran, and the followers are these whom it was revealed in their housesand they are the one that was sent to all the people and the end of the prophets Muhammad ben'Abdullah (PUH) and his viceroys after him (PUT), and the people of the Household know better, Ohwhat a sorrow. Read with me the holy phrases that are the clues for this occasion and then meditatethrough what I've mentioned before and what these phrases contained, then give me yourjudgement and your wisdom if you have it. The Exalted one said in the chapter of Al-Baqarah, phrase31, "And He taught Adam all the names, then showed them to the angels, saying: Inform Me of thenames of these, if ye are truthful" and phrase 32, "They said: Be glorified! We have no knowledgesaving that which Thou hast taught us. Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Knower, the Wise", and phrase33, "He said: O Adam! Inform them of their names, and when he had informed them of their names,

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He said: Did I not tell you that I know the secret of the heavens and the earth ? And I know thatwhich ye disclose and which ye hide" ..etc, and the sayer of the previous commnents (Abdul-Wahâb)did realize how great is this creature so he said: it is well known that the leadership of Adam on earthhas a high-level meaning of God's wisdom that the Angels did not know, because if God did make theleadership for the Angels on earth, the secrets of this universe would not have been known neitherwhatever is kept in it from its properities and the deep sciences..etc, and thanks is for God only, andno other God but Him, He is our Judge and the Trustworthy. This is what we wanted to say about theconditions of the father of human beings and their mother, Adam and Eve (PUT), and pray be uponthe one sent with the truth as bringer of glad tidings and a warner, the master of messengers and theend of the prophets Muhammand the Chosen and upon his Household the pious and the mostrighteous of his chosen mates, and thanks to God the Lord of all.

Conditions of Edrees (Enoch) The Prophet PUH

He is Edrees (Enoch) ben Lud ben Mahalaleel ben Cainan ben Enosh ben Seth ben Adam PUH, andthe name of Edrees in Hebraic torah is Khanookh and in Arabic it is Akhnookh, and Edrees was a manof great abdomen and wide chest, his steps are close together when he walks as mentioned in 'ElalAl-Sharaye' [a book's name], it is mentioned also from his characteristics that he was a man of acomplete build and pretty face with a heavy beard and nice face-curvatures with wide shoulders andlarge bones and not so much meat with glancing black eyes, slow talker and silent most of the timeand calm and when he walks he looks to the ground a lot, meditating a lot and had some frawningand whenever he becomes angry he moves his index finger while talking and he lived on earth foreighty two years. He was called Edrees because of his enourmous studies in the Holy Books [Daras inarabic means he studied, Edrees means the one who studies a lot] and whatever was in them fromlaws and wisdom and he was the first to write with a pen and he was a tailor and was the first to sew,and it was said that God taught him the sciences of Astrology and Mathematics and Astronomy, andthat was as a miracle for him, and that God's saying "And We raised him to high station"(Maryam:57) it meant that he was raised in levels with God's messages, and it was said that he was raised toheaven as Jesus the son of Mary (PUT) and he is still alive and did not die, and others said that he israised in between the fourth and the fifth skies as mentioned by Al-Bâqir (PUH), and other thingswere said also. From Al-Hâfith ben Kaþeer in Al-Bidâyah wal-Nihâyah [seems a book's name]: he was(Enoch) the first one from the descendants of Adam to get the prophecy after Adam and Seth (PUT),and it is mentioned in Muruj Al-Ðahab [book's name] as mentioned before that he was the first oneto sew with a needle and make stiches and God revealed upon him thirty books as God revealedupon Adam (PUT) twenty one books before and revealed upon Seth twenty nine books including thepraisings and sanctifications, and he (Enoch) lived whatever he lived and died in September, andfrom Ibn Mas'ud and Ibn 'Abbâs that Elijah is Edrees (Enoch)!

People differ in the place of his birth and growing so some said that he was born in Egypt and calledhim Hermes Al-Haramisah [could't transform this to modern English] and he is in Greek Ermes[notice that Hermes is prnounced in Greek as Ermes, since the H letter functions like E in Greek] andwas Arabicized to Hermes and Ermes means for them Mercury, and they said: and Hermes got out ofEgypt and went around all of the earth and came back to it and from there he was raised toheavens..etc, and some others said that he was born in Babylon in Iraq and there he grew up, and inhis early age he was taught the wisdom of Seth the son of Adam and he is the grandfather of hisfather's grandfather, because Enoch is the son of Lud ben Mahalaleel ben Cainan ben Enosh ben Seth

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apprently and when Enoch had grown up God gave him the prophecy so he ordered the people tofollow the path of Adam and Seth and forbid them to refuse the commandments but only few ofthem did follow him so he got hurt by those who refused him from the bad people, so then hetravelled to Egypt and he settled there with whoever was with him and calling the creations to followhis religion and the religion of his purified fathers and orders for the good of deeds and forbids thebad manners. People in his days talked with seventy two tongues and God taught him their culturesand languages so he can teach every people by their own tongue, and he drew for them the citiesand made in every city scientists and guiders to the obedience of God and order for goodness andforbid the badness, so the cities that was built at his time counted to be one hundred and eightyeight, and he was the first to manipulate the wisdom and astrology as pointed before, and theymentioned lot of his conditions, and in summary what he called the believers to according to hisreligion and in acceptance by his laws as some say was that: calling for the religion of God, theExalted, and it is the calling for goodness and forbidding the badness, and the base for therighteousness of deeds is unifying God, the Exalted, and never to call someone else with Him,because He is the Ever-Lasting One, that never Give birth nor Born and Does not have a mate and noone rewards Him, and the worshipping of God sincerely, and doing good for people and justice andsaying the truth even upon yourself, and purifying the money by helping the poor, and avoiding theintoxicant liquors and praying and fasting with a special way and counted days, and fighting theenemies for the protection of the religion and calling out for this and taking of it, and for the soulsand honour and fortunes with all might and power, and he (Enoch) also made some festivals forthem at certain times and so on of traditions and jobs and works and a-must-do doings and doingsthat aren't compulsory as it is in every heavenly-revealed laws, and promised his people for prophetsto come after him, and told them the characteristics of the prophet and his specialities and one ofthem is that he is innocent from all bad manners and deeds and the bad characteristics, complete inbeloved virtues and do not hesitate in his duties nor in answering any question that he might beasked concerning the matters of after-life or living or other things that relates to religion or whateveris seen or heard either it is earthly or heavenly or whatever behind these worlds from the after-lifeworlds like Barzakh [the life of the dead in his grave where he is judged] or Al-Qiyama (doomsday) orAl-Nâr (hell) and whatever was related to them even in general or whatever it is related to the bodiesand their ills and medicines, and he must be answerable by God for whatever he asks from Him andhe asks only whatever has the benefit for the race and the individual for the goodness of life andafter-life.

He must be infallible and far away from doing wrong-doings and leaving duties, because the prophetand his viceroy that would take care of matters after him that was chosen by God for the mosthonourable jobs and the most high of them must be purified and of right wisdom and has abundancein knowledge and complete with many of the completeness characteristics and his innocence of badhabits and needless of help from any creatures, and needs nothing but God, the Exalted, so he neverissues a guilt nor a mistake either small it is or big one, neither before prophecy or after it, either inchildhood or manhood, and the one who chose him for this job, and He is God, Knows that, and Hehad appointed him for this job since the world of atoms, the world of creating the souls, and that isbefore the creation of Adam (PUH) by two thousands years, and he must be distinguished from othercreatures by that and also his viceroy who stands in his position, and this is the situation of everyprophet and messenger, check back the introduction of the book where the infalliblity of theprophets (PUT) is mentioned, and still the faithful from the nation of Enoch applying that regime and

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regulations and whatever was revealed in that sacred religion, until Enoch was raised from betweenthem and no one knows about it except God, the Exalted, and his relatives and his viceroy after him,his son Methuselah [Arabic: Matushaleh] And this must be in every religion as the people of wisdomand religion know very well, and it is told that their destination in their worshipping and prayers andso on, was to the south on the line of midday, and it is probably that it was for these who were to thenorth of Mecca, because it was the destination for Adam (PUH) and whoever came after him untilthe time of Enoch (PUH). And I don't see any of the prophets and viceroys and who believed in themand their religions that would have changed that until the time of Solomon the son of David (PUT),for their destination were to the Holy Mosque in Jerusalem until it was changed by our prophetsMuhammad ben 'Abdullah (PUH) to the Holy House and it is the Holy Ka'ba in honourable Mecca.This is what is apparent for us, and God knows the best. And from Ja'far ben Muhammad Al-Sâdiq(PUH) that he said: if you entered Kufa then come to the mosque of Sahlah and pray in it and ask Godfor your needs for your faith and your life, because the mosque of Sahlah is the house of Enoch inwhich he used to sew and pray in, and whoever asked God for what he likes and wants he would beanswered and be raised to a high place at doomsday at the level of Enoch (PUT) and shall beprotected from the troubles of life and the tricks of his enemies..etc. From the trusted and whom wetrust in that Enoch (PUH) is the grandfather of the father of Noah (PUH) because as we mentionedbefore that after Enoch came his son Methuselah and then Lamech [Arabic: Lâmik] then Noah (PUH).And Al-Mas'udi mentioned in Muruj Al-Ðahab: The age of Enoch was three hundreds years, and thewisemen of Greece call him Hermes the wise..and so on of what we mentioned before.

Some of what was mentioned in the books of Enoch PUH

From Ibn Tawoos he said: It was mentioned in the books of Enoch these sentences and they are: Likeif death had come to you and your moaning and your sweating have increased, and your lipsshrinked and your tongue became broken and your spittle became dry and whiteness became overyour eyes blackness, and your mouth started to foam and your whole body started to shake, and youbecame to treat the death with its agony, its bitterness, and its shrieking, and you've been called andyou can't hear anything, then your soul came out and you've became a dead body among yourrelatives. There is a lesson in you for others, so think in the meanings of death, whatever becameupon others will become upon you no way out, and every life however it is long is short becausewhatever will come is close by at a certain time. So, meditate in the meanings of death you who die,and know you human being that death is harder than what becomes before it and easier than whatbecomes after it from troubles and disasters of the doomsday,..etc. And it was engraved on his ring:Patience is of faith, by God the victory will come. And it was engraved on the area that he wore: Thefestivals are in keeping the duties, and the laws are of the completeness of religion, and thecompleteness of religion is the completeness of manhood. And over the area that he wore at thetime of praying over the dead: The happy one who looks at himself, intercession to his God, his gooddeeds. They mentioned that he had sermons and morals, and every band took it out with its owntongue, and ran as useful proverbs and symbols, and from that was his saying that was traced back tohim (PUH): No one will be able to thank God for His gifts as giving His creatures. And also: Whoeverwanted to reach the wisdom and the good of deeds, so let him leave the tool of ignorance and thebad deeds. As you see the craftsman that knows all the crafts so when he wants to sew he took itsown tool and leave the tool of carpentry, so the love of the life and the after-life do never come intoone heart together. And also: The goodness of life is sorrow and its badness is a regret. Meaning thatlet go of good deeds in life is a sorrow and doing bad deeds is a regret. And also from him: If you

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called for God the Exalted make your determination clear and pure and also fasting and prayers, sodo and never swear and you are liers and don't attack God with rights [meaning here swearing orpromising with lies], and don't make liers swear for you and so you'll become partners for them intheir sin, and avoid ill gains and follow your kings and your elders and make your mouths full ofthanks to God, and the life of souls is wisdom and don't envy people for their luck for they will enjoyit for a little, and whoever exceeded satisfaction will never be satisfied, and so along of what wasmentioned by Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr in his stories. It is mentioned from the book of "TareekhAl-'Olamâ'" (History of wisemen) that a group of wisemen claimed that all the wisdoms thatappeared before the Flood was traced back to Enoch that the hebrews call "Khanookh" the prophetthe son of Jared ben Mahalaleel ben Cainan ben Enosh ben Seth ben Adam, and he is Edrees (Enoch)the prophet (PUH), and then they traced back to him matters and incidents and works that God didnot suppose to him and most of them are like legends and what crazy people would do or silly onesthat were slaves for life and ego took over them, and they never stop doing the bad deeds, and Godforbid that His prophets commit such deeds, but they are assigned to the highest of matters and thebest and wisest of conditions for mind and wisemen because they are the resources and they are theleaders of the creations and the guardians of the Creator over His religion and creed, thecommanders of goodness and the prohibiters of badness, so they are the tongue and examples oftruth and the looking eyes of reality and the hearing ear that express about God the Exalted and theydon't speak out of their desires, but it is an inspiration that is inspired which One of mighty powerstaught them. It is mentioned from Enoch PUH the wise sayings and advices and calls and one of themhis call that is read in the dawns of the month of fasting (Ramadhân) that contains forty names forGod, as much as the days of Repentance (?), and it begins with: O praise be to You no God exists butYou, O Lord of everything and its hire [seems a part of a famous praising]. And after mentioning theforty names comes the great call that has no other match, and it is imploring to God with His fortynames, and asking for safety away from punishments of life and after-life, and it is without any doubtan infallible tongue and an inspired and closed one chosen by God for His commandments and fortelling people about Him. [then comes a typical ending for the subject which I believe no need tomention here].

Sheikh of messengers, Nooh (Noah) PUH

The speech now is about obtaining some of the conditions of the sheikh of messengers and the thirdin order and the great messenger after Adam and Enoch (PUT), he is Noah ben Lamech benMethuselah ben Enoch ben Lud (or Jared as mentioned in Torah) ben Mahalaleel ben Cainan benEnosh ben Seth ben Adam the father of human beings (PUT), as mentioned in histories and in Torahand God only knows. It is mentioned that his real name is 'Abdul-Ghaffâr (slave of the Forgiver) butnamed Noah because he used to cry over his condition [yanooh = to cry, Arabic], and it is said thathis name is 'Abdul-Malik (slave of the King), and said it is 'Abdul-A'lâ (slave of the One of Height). It issaid that Al-Sadooq said: all the tidings agree that his name contain the sense of slavery like 'Abdul-Ghaffâr, Malik, and Al-A'lâ, and he is the first prophet after Enoch, and they said he was a carpenterand was born in the same year that death betook Adam in and was sent (as a prophet) when he wasfour hundred years old and he used to call his people by day and night to work with the laws of hisgrandfather Enoch and whatever his fathers used to be on from laws and creeds, because the booksthat were revealed on his infallbiel fathers contained whatever people might need and what must bedone and what must be believed in, for it was revealed on Adam twenty one books, and on Sethtwenty nine books, and on Enoch thirty books, and the sum of all is eighty books, so Noah (PUH)

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used to work by them and call people to work by them but his calls didn't do anything but makethem more far away from him. He was highly disrespected by his people and even had been beatenso much. They used to beat him so much until he goes into a coma and whenever he is awake againhe says: O Lord guide my people they do not know. And in some tidings it is said that they get angryat him and start to beat him until his ears get bleeding and he won't be able to realize what is donewith him, then he was carried and thrown into his house or at the door of his house and he's in acoma. Then God inspired to him: No-one of thy folk will believe save him who hath believed already(Hud:36), so then he started calling for the destruction of his people and said: My Lord! Leave notone of the disbelievers in the land (Nooh:26), and in tales it is said that after calling for theirdestruction God made their men and women barren and so they stayed forty years they don't bearany children and their lands were barren also along these forty years and they lost their money andfortune and fell into disasters, then Noah said to them: Seek pardon of your Lord. Lo! He was everForgiving (Nooh:10) but they didn't believe and said: Forsake not your gods. Forsake not Wadd, norSuwa', nor Yaghuth and Ya'uq and Nasr (Nooh:23) and they extremely revolted against God and hisprophet Noah (PUH) until God flooded them with their gods that they used to worship, and no onesurvived but the ones that were with Noah in the Ark, and after they've been in safe and been stableon the face of earth and gave birth for children and been many, they got back to what their fathersused to do with worshipping idols and named their idols after the names of idols the were in thetime of Noah's people, and they are their fathers. So, yemenites (people of Yemen) Yaghuþ and Ya'uqand the people of Dawmat Al-Jandal (a place in Iraq) took an idol named Wadd, and Himyarites hadan idol named Nasr, and Haðeel [seems some where in Saudi Arabia or Yemen] had an idol namedSuwâ', and they kept on worshipping them until the presence of Islam.

Many differences occured in tales and tidings and opinions about his conditions and his age and thatis because the difference of resources and references and many people count on what is mentionedin the Bible and Torah even though what is mentioned in them is still controversial and lot of muslimsas wisemen and interpreters depend on them, and there are tidings and tales from the Householdtraced back to their grandfather the prophet that was sent as a guider from Gabriel from God theExalted (PUT), and we have no problem in believing what was mentioned by them. But the tales arefrom different sources and conflict with each other, some of them people do agree with and some ofthem are taken from Torah and other such resources, but the main purpose of all that is just to take alook on some of the conditions of this holy prophet and it is enough to take whatever was mentionedby the Holy Book (Quran) for his (Noah) great position and the rightness of his messeage andprophecy, so if something about his conditions was passed over to us by other ways, we shall takewhatever is approperiate for his position and goes along with the law of justice and the infallibility ofprophets, and refuse anything else that comes against these principles. One of these tales what istraced back to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that Noah (PUH) lived two thousands and five hundred years, eighthundred and fifty years before he was sent as a prophet and one thousand but fifty years with hispeople calling them to his religion and two hundred years in making the Ark, and five hundred yearsafter the flood and going down from the Ark, and so he made the lands and made his descendantslive in the lands, and then after the angel of death (PUH) came to him while he was sitting in the sunand said to him: peace on you, so Noah (PUH) answered back and said: what do you need O angel ofdeath?, he said: I came to you to take your soul, so he (Noah) said: let me sit in the shadow and heanswered: yes, then Noah (PUH) moved and said: O angel of death, whatever passed me in this lifewas just like my movement from sun to shadow, go ahead and do your job, and so he did (PUH). And

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from Ikmâl Al-Deen [seems a person's name] from Al-Sâdiq (PUH) from the prophet (PUH) that hesaid: Adam the father of all human beings (PUH) lived for nine hundreds and thirty years and Noahlived two thousands and four hundreds and fifty years and Abraham (PUH) lived for one hundred andseventy five years and Ismael ben Abraham lived for one hundred and twenty years and Isaac livedfor one hundred and eighty years, and Jacob lived for one hundred and twenty years, and Josephlived for one hundred and twenty years, and Moses lived for one hundred and twenty six years, andAaron lived for one hundred and thirty three years, and David lived for one hundred years, fortyyears of them as a king, and Solomon ben David lived for seven hundreds and twelve years (PUT).And from Al-Sayid Ibn Tâwoos: Adam (PUH) lived for one thousand and thirty years since the time ofbreathing in his soul until his death and he was buried in a cave in the mount of Abi-Qobays and hisface towards the Holy Kaba, and Eve didn't live after him but only for one year and got sick then afterfor fifteen days and died and buried beside him, and we've come to mention this matter but we'vecome to mention it again to show the great difference and it is there because the long time periodand the great number of tracers and handlers and most of the tracing is back to Torah and itscovenants and books. And it is not something to hide that there is a degree of difference betweenthe Arabic, Samarian (?) and Greek translations for Torah and the Hebrew version, as mentioned inthe book of "Iðhâr Al-Haq" for the Sheikh Rahmatullâh Afandi Al-Hindi. And we've mentioned beforethat the truth is what is truely traced back to the Household. If it was like that then it is as nothingbetter than this, and if not then whatever is for sure and goes along with the Holy Book and doesn'toppose the laws mentioned before it is taken. And it is fine also to take whatever is traced back tothe fellows (of the prophet) and the followers (fellows' fellow) and the followers of followers, butwith respecting rules mentioned before.

From Al-Ikhtisâs [seems a book's name] for the sheikh Al-Mofeed from 'Omar ben Abân from peoplehe assures, he said: There were five Syriac prophets: Adam, Seth, Enoch, Noah and Abraham, and thetongue of Adam was Arabic and it is the language of people in paradise, but when Adam did sin Godexchanged it for him with Syriac. Then he said: and there were five hebrews: Isaac, Jacob, Moses,David and Jesus. And five from Arabs: Hud, Sâleh, Sho'ayb (Jethro), Ismael and Muhammad (PUT).And the life was owned by two believers and two disbelievers, the two believers were Ðol-Qarnayn[many other stories and tales point out that this person might be Alexander the great] and Solomonthe king (PUH), and the two disbelievers were Nimrod ben Koshan (also Cush in Torah) ben Kan'ân(Canaan) and Bokhtanassar (Nebuchadnezzar). from the book of Al-Qisas (The Tales) for Muhammadben Jorair Al-Tabaree: God had a bless on Noah by letting him obey his commandments, and Noahhad a tall of three hundreds and sixty arms [arms here are meant to be cubits], as measured by thearms of his own people at his time, and he used to wear the wool while Enoch before him used towear hair, and Noah used to live on mountains and eat from the plants of earth. In another tidingsthat he was a carpenter, and then Gabriel (PUH) came to him with the message of God and he wasfour hundreds and sixty years old that time, so he asked him: why you are alone? he answered:because my people don't know God and so I've stayed away from them, so Gabriel said to him: fightagainst them, so Noah answered: I have no power to overcome them, and if they knew me theywould kill me, so he said to him: and if you are given the power would you fight against them? sothen he answered: O how eager I am to do so, then Noah said: who are you? Then Gabriel gave ashout, and the angels answered him back and shaked the earth and said to him: Here we are at yourservice O messenger of the Lord of Creations, so Noah stayed afraid, then Gabriel said to him: I amthe partner of your fathers Adam and Enoch, and the Lord says peace to you, and I've come with the

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good news from Him, and this is the cloth of patience and the cloth of truth and the cloth of victoryand the cloth of the message and the cloth of prophecy, and God had ordered you to marry'Amoorah the daughter of Dhimrân ben Akhnookh, for she is the first to believe in you. So then Noahwent to his people in the day 'Ashoorah ['Ashoorah is a name for the tenth day of Muharram, thefirst month in the lunar calendar] and holding a white stick in his hand, and the stick was telling himwhat his people are going to do.

Their bosses were seventy thousands of tyrants at their idols in their festivals, so then Noah called:No God save but the Lord, then the idols went shaking and the fire went down and they got scaredand the tyrants said: who is that? Then Noah said: I am a slave of God and the son of His slave, Hehas sent me to you as a messenger, then 'Amoorah heard the speech of Noah and believed in himand her father Dhimrân ben Akhnookh blamed her for that and said to her: does the speech of Noaheffect you in one day? and I'm afraid that the king knows about you and kill you, then said 'Amoorah:O father where is your brain and your clemency? Noah is but a lonely weak man that shouted anddone to you whatever is done. Then her father threatened her but that yeilded no results, so theyadviced him to imprison her and stop feeding her and so he did for a year and they hear her talking,then her father got her out of the prison after the year and she got a great halo and was in bestcondition, so they were amazed for her living for a year without food or drink, so they asked herabout her situation and what happened to her so then she said that she called for the help of theLord of Noah and Noah used to bring for her whatever she needed from drinks and food, and thenafter that Noah married her and she gave birth to Shem (PUH), and they mentioned that Noah gottwo wives, one of them is a disbeliever and she died and he carried with him his faithful wife in theArk.

The Ark of Noah and its creation

It is mentioned in some tales that are traced back to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that when Gos showed theprophecy of Noah and his followers knew that the relief is coming and he will gain victory over hisenemies of disbelievers after a patience of long time over great troubles. Whenever Noah used tocall them to the religion of truth and to work by it and worshipping the Truth (True God) they used torevolt against him and hurt him badly with his followers and that was in a time period of threehundreds years since the day of his sending, and he used to in that time period to call them by dayand night but they run away from him and then he called them in secret and they didn't answer also,and called them in public but they ignore him for their pride and never cared about him or about hiscalls, then he started to call for their destruction, so then Angels came down to him ordering him tostop calling for their destruction and to take patience and bear them to complete the reason for that,so he answered and obeyed, and started to work again calling them to worship God and left outcalling for their destruction and started trying to guide them as he used to be before for anotherthree hundreds years, until then when this time period was over and had been dispaired for theirunbelieving, started to call for their destruction again, but then angels came down with orders fromGod for him to be patient and so he obeyed, then he got back calling his people to worship God for athree hundred years, but nothing worked with them, and he continued with them until the end ofthis time period for nine hundreds years, then the patience of his followers was over and went tohim complaining for what they did and still facing from the people in public and from the tyrants.Then they asked him for the relief and calling for their relief and so he answered their request thenwent to pray and calling over them so then Gabriel came down sent from God and said to him: God

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had answered your call over your people, but before doing so God wants you to order your followersto plant some seeds, and he had appointed some quantity of it, and they should take care of it sothat when it grows and gave the fruit God will give relief over them, and then he (Gabriel) taughtthem what to do, so then they went happy and knew that the relief is close and that God will givevictory to His religion with no way out even if the disbelievers did not like it. Then they obeyed whatthey had been commanded to do so, they planted the seeds and served them as perfectly as possibleso then when it gave the fruit and they ate them they came back to Noah to see his promise, so hegot back to his Lord and He commanded him with what He commanded in the first time and so theydid what they did before for planting the seeds and serving them. Then they got back again to Noahand he asked God again and God commanded him as the first and second time so they doubtedabout his religion and his calls for there is a contradiction and two thirds of them quitted theirreligion and only one third stayed faithful, but that was faced with the fear of their enemies andbearing the disrespect from the disbelievers, then the believers and them who stayed faithfulinsisted on him to call for the relief and for the destruction of disbelievers so he called God and askedHim to do what was promised and for the relief and He answered his calls and ordered him to makethe Ark.

This dilation was to filter out the hypocrites that worship God and they are on the edge, so thatwhen they get goodness they are fine with it and when they get badness they revolt and then lostthe life and the after-life, this is the obvious losing, and to keep the true faithfuls and distinguishbetween them and the bad mixture, and they said to him (Noah): no one stayed from us except thislittle group and they are afraid for themselves to be doomed if the relief is delayed, then Noahprayed and asked his God to do what is promised for the destruction of the enemies of the religionso God inspired to him that your call had been answered so go ahead and make the Ark, so there wasfifty years between the answer of the call and the flood. And from the great prophet (PUH): WhenGod wanted to destroy the people of Noah, He inspired to him(Noah) to cut boards of teak (teak is agreat tree doesn't grow except in the land of India, its wood is black and thick and hard to decay, asmentioned in the closest language resources) [the previous note is exactly what is written in Arabic inthe book and not my own notes], so when he cut them out he did not know what to do with it, sothen the Angel Gabriel came down to him and showed him the shape of the Ark and there was withhim a box that had one hundred and twenty nine thousands nails in it, so he nailed all the nails andthey were exactly enough for the Ark, and God ordered Gabriel to teach Noah how to do it. Its lengthwas measured on the ground to be of one thousand and two hundreds arms and its width was eighthundreds arms, and its depth was eighty arms, then Noah said: O Lord who will make it and help meto do it, so God inspired to him to call for his people and in the public and whoever can work to workwith him for an exchange of good wages, so Noah called in his people and told them whoeverworked with him with goodness of will as I order him to do he will get a nice reward and a nice wage,so they answered and started to work everyone with his own experience and his job and so theyhelped him to make it. They even used to mock at him and say that he is making a ship on land, andin some tales it is told that the Ark was covered on top with a great cover (dish-like cover) to avoidthe rains and the heat of the sun, and of course it had ways to the outside from doors and windowsto let some air in and for the breathe of the animals and the rest of creatures inside it, all of that wasmade perfectly. It is mentioned also that it had great two pearls, one of them light in the day time bysun, and the other light in the night time by the moon and by them they used to know the timingsfor the prayers, and they stayed in the Ark before landing on earth again for one hundred and fifty

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days and nights, and also said they were six months. In tidings, that after he finished creating the Ark,God ordered him to call in Syriac, and it was their language that day, for all the people and animals sothat no one person nor one animal shall be absent, so when all came, every type of animals gotinside in pairs, and the people that answered his calls and been faithful to him were eighty men, sothen God said: take with you two of each pair. And in some tales that the period of creating the Arkwas one hundred years and then God ordered him to take two of each pair, and the eight pairs thatGod mentioned in His Holy Book are the ones that Noah carried in the Ark, so God said (in the HolyBook): and He hath provided for you of cattle eight kinds(Al-Zumar:6), two of sheeps and two ofgoats and two of camels and two of cows, so it was two pairs of sheeps: one is the known to peopleand used breed, and the other was a wild one used to be on mountains and God allowed eating fromits meat, and also two of goats, pair people used to breed, and another one which was wild and thatis the gazelle, and two of cows, one people used to breed and the other one is the wild one, and twoof camels and they are "Al-Bokhâti" and "Al-'Orâbi" [seems they are Arabic names for well knowntypes of camels, could not find any translation for these two names], and both of them people usedto breed. So these are the eight pairs that Adam got out from paradise with him or might be revealedon him after he was down from it to make a living from them for his children and him from theirmeats and their milks and their breeds and their hairs and wools as drinks and food and clothes andforniture.

The creation of the Ark was in the location of Al-Kufa mosque, so when God wanted to destroy thepeople of Noah and Noah did take for every type of animals a special position in the Ark andprepared necessary things of food and water, and until all animals were in the Ark from various birdsand beasts and no one is awaited to be in from people nor animals, then waters started going outfrom earth by springs and the sky started to hammer with non stopping rains, so God did say in thechapter of Al-Qamar (The Moon): Then opened We the gates of heaven with pouring water, Andcaused the earth to gush forth springs, so that the waters met for a predestined purpose, And Wecarried him upon a thing of planks and nails(11-13). The meaning and God only knows: so We madethe the earth full of springs and then the water of the sky and the water of earth did meet together,so water flood everything and everything sank and thearth shaked and the sun eclipsed, then Noahsaid: Embark therein! In the name of Allah be its course and its mooring. Lo! my Lord is Forgiving,Merciful(Hud:41), then the Ark moved and turned around to where God desired, and Noah looked tohis son and he was confused standing and falling, so he called him: O my son! Come ride with us, andbe not with the disbelievers(Hud:42), so his son answered: I shall betake me to some mountain thatwill save me from the water(Hud:43), then Noah said: This day there is none that saveth from thecommandment of Allah save him on whom He hath had mercy. And the wave came in betweenthem, so he was among the drowned(Hud:43), then Noah asked God to save his son from beingdrowned, so he raised his eyes to his Lord calling for help and taking refuge in God's mercy then hesaid: My Lord! Lo! my son is of my household! Surely Thy promise is the truth and Thou are the MostJust of Judges(Hud:45), so He said: He said: O Noah! Lo! he is not of thy household; lo! he is of evilconduct, so ask not of Me that whereof thou hast no knowledge. I admonish thee lest thou beamong the ignorant(Hud:46), this is the speech of the Exalted who takes revenge from every one ofpride and doesn't believe in the doomsday, to His obeying slave, who works sincerely towards hisLord, and who's thankful for His gifts, who obeys His commandments and stays away from whateverHe forbids, and he is His slave and His creature, and He had gifted him his prophecy and his messageand Sent him to his people and his time, so it was like if Noah was unaware and surprised for what

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his Lord wants, and that the relation of family has no value without believing in God, so when Godawared him for what has to be from him towards his Master, he woke up and apologized saying: MyLord! Lo! in Thee do I seek refuge (from the sin) that I should ask of Thee that whereof I have noknowledge. Unless Thou forgive me and have mercy on me I shall be among the lost(Hud:47). So it istraced back to Abi Ja'far Muhammad ben 'Ali Al-Bâqir (PUH) in a long speech for him: There is norelation between God and anyone else, the most beloved by God whoever is faithful to Him andobeying His commandments, then he (PUH) said: I swear by God that no slave can approach to Godexcept by obeying (worshipping), we don't have any relief from hell and no one has any reasonbefore God, and whoever is obeying God then he's a follower for us, and whoever is against God,he's an enemy for us, and our love is taken except by the faith and the good of deeds. So, the Arkthen sailed in waves like mountains until it reached Mecca and went around the Holy House, andeveryone on earth did sink even the high mountains and nothing survived except the Holy House.

In some tales it is told that it was called the "Protected House" because it was protected from beingdrowned, and it was told also that the flood and the water from skies and earth from springscontinued for forty mornings until the water was above everything and sank everything andeverything that had a soul died, so then Noah raised his hands to the sky and said: O Lord, yourmercy, your mercy, Have mercy on us, so then the rain stopped and the springs stopped and theclouds were gone and the weather came back again as normal as it was and the winds stopped downand everything was calm, and the whole world was all water and the earth as one one passage way,and then God ordered the earth to swallow its waters and the water of the sky remained on the faceof earth and so from it were the seas of this world for God, the Exalted, ordered Gabriel (PUH) todrive the waters to its current form, and God had stopped it by His own power and His will.

The coming down of Noah and his fellows from the Ark

Then God inspired to him: O Noah! Go thou down (from the mountain) with peace from Us andblessings upon thee and some nations (that will spring) from those with thee. (There will be other)nations unto whom We shall give enjoyment a long while and then a painful doom from Us willovertake them (Hud:48), so Noah got down from the Ark with the eighty men that are with him andtheir fellows and the rest of the animals, and the Ark parked on the mount of Al-Judi (and it is a greatmountain in Al-Mosel in the land of Iraq) [the previous note is mentioned in the book] as somepeople of knowledge did say, and it is said that it is a mountain in the island [seems it meant by the"island" the Arabian peninsula in general] on which the Ark did stop, and said also that it is somewhere in the land of Shâm [Shâm is a form of Sam or Shem, Syria is the main land that is called bythis name with areas around it], and it is said that it is in the island between Al-Furât and Dijlah(Euphrates and Tigris), and in some tidings, it is the Euphrates that passes through Kufa [meaning Al-Judi is the Euphrates..etc] and it is the most close to rightness as mentioned in Majma' Al-Bahrain[book's name] for the sheikh Al-Torayhi. It is told that when Noah got abroad over the Ark aftercharging it with animals of different types and habits, from lions and mutants and beasts and peopleand so on, God, the Exalted, dropped the calmness over whatever was there from animals and birdsand beasts so no one hurted the other as if God made them all of one type, so the sheep wouldapproach the wolf and so the cow with the lion, as if God made their habits disappear, and so theystayed like that until they got out of the Ark on land. It is mentioned that no single animal was leftand all were got to the Ark, and the interpretation for God's saying: two of every kind, apair(Hud:40), meaning the male and female pair since this name is called usually for any combination

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of them. [a short paragraph comes here that has nothing to add but a summary then thanks to God,not to be translated because the grammar and sequence of the speech seems not coherent]

A completion with the help of the Holy Quran for the case of Noah

This dear Quran tells us a lot about the sheikh of the messengers and I mention here some things foryou and and I leave for you the notices so you can get whatever we did not or whatever we left foryour own care, and the stories of people of doubt are not dependable but only the interpretationsthat were issued by the Household and people of faith and whatever there is in their traditions andthe most trusted folks, are dependable, for what concerns explanations, and no one knows itsinterpretations except God and who are in deep knowledgement. The chapters that mentioned thestory of Noah in the Holy Quran are twenty eight chapters in forty three positions, and the story wastold in details in six chapters: Al-A'râf, Hud, Al-Mu'minun, Al-Shu'arâ', Al-Qamar and Nooh, so theyhad the enough tidings about the conditions of Noah (PUH), and they are all contain the samecontents in general even though the words can be different for the purpose of telling the story (andmaybe the purpose would be whenever the God's Will is directed) (?) So, some of these Holy phrasesgive us a special picture of interpretation about the conditions of the sheikh of the messengers andwhat he did face from his people. When Noah was sent as a messenger to his people and miraclesappeared by him and also his virtues, and the light of prophecy had rose and the dawn of themessage and its sun began, some of them followed him after the guidance of God to them after theyused to worship the idols, and lot of them denied and mocked him and his followers, and theywondered how come that a man from them is sent to them and he is the poorest and less in servantsand have no honour among them, and they see that he is not destiniguished by any family orrelations nor science or generosity but he is just like them, and even they thought that they have thepriority for this task, for they are the leaders and people of fortunes, and they extremely denied thatsomeone from them make fun of their dreams and mock at their idols and gods and they have thepowers and men, and thought that following him would be a shame that has a heavy weight onthemselves, so how come they deny the worshipping of their and their fathers' gods, and the thingthat keeps them far away from him and refusing him is the fellowship of what they don't give anycare and they are the weak poor men and the most abject of them, and this is for their pride andpower, and they claimed that these followed him without any wisdom or patience.

Then when his virtues occured and his promises came true and they have no proof to deny him forwhat he showed of miracles they asked him to drive them away (the poor people) so they wouldn'tbe together on the same way and gathered with the true religion and be equal in one raw and meeteach other under his flag and be under his laws and judgements, and this is so hard for them to do.So when they asked him to do that he denied and refused that for his fear of God and he showedthem and overtook them by proof that if he drove them out he wouldn't find any one to protect himagainst the punishment of God, and that he is only calling them for guidance into his religion and notby money nor power nor sword, and he didn't claim that he's a king but only a human being likethem chosen by God to call for them and show them the commandments of God and the laws of Hissacred creed, and he doesn't have with his followers except what is apparent and now what thechests behold, because all of that is up to God and not to His prophet: But the messenger hath noother charge than to convey (the message) plainly(Al-Nur:54), and his reward is from God and heasks nothing as a reward in exchange, and to the rest of what is mentioned in the chapter of Hud, soGod did say in it (the chapter): The chieftains of his folk, who disbelieved, said: We see thee but a

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mortal like us, and we see not that any follow thee save the most abject among us, withoutreflection. We behold in you no merit above us - nay, we deem you liars(Hud:27), He said: O mypeople! Bethink you, if I rely on a clear proof from my Lord and there hath come unto me a mercyfrom His presence, and it hath been made obscure to you, can we compel you to accept it when yeare averse thereto ?(Hud:28), And O my people! I ask of you no wealth therefor. My reward is theconcern only of Allah, and I am not going to thrust away those who believe - Lo! they have to meettheir Lord! - but I see you a folk that are ignorant (Hud:29), until the rest of the holy phrases thatcontain what we pointed to you. Check it out and you might win and in the chapter of Nooh there isthe healer interpretation for the hearts of believers from the doubt, and in it there is the fineexplanation for the healing of souls of atheists and the revolted tyrants but only if there is noblindness in the hearts and eyes. He (Noah) tried his best in advising them and guiding them so heapproached them in various ways and methods and never left a way he didn't use, day and night andin secret and in public promising and threatening, promising them with the goods of life of sons andmoney and the good of sky and earth, by the bless of earth from its fruit and grains and plants andthe bless of the sky from its rains and waters and watering their lands, and the goodness of after-lifeof forgiveness and hiding faults and being eternal in paradise with faithful slaves of God, and it is thegreat happiness of the human being if only he understood and knew and believed. He (Noah) gavethem examples and dedicated their thoughts as a notification to the wonders of God's creations andthe beauty of His creativity and His creation for them and everyone is founded at any time and in anyplace, and that God created them in different phases and with different types according to theirshapes, minds, understanding, powers, preparation, ages and fortunes, and according to theirwisdom, money, ownerships and children and lot of other things, so God did say: What aileth youthat ye hope not toward Allah for dignity, When He created you by (divers) stages ?(Nooh:13-14),from drop of seed, then from a clot, then from a little lump then in shape of embryo then tochildhood and then as a kid and then to age of youth and maturity and old age, decrepit and healthand sickness, wealth and poverity, wisdom and ignorance, might and weakness.

God also said: See ye not how Allah hath created seven heavens in harmony, And hath made themoon a light therein, and made the sun a lamp ?, And Allah hath caused you to grow as a growthfrom the earth, And afterward He maketh you return thereto, and He will bring you forth again, a(new) forthbringing.(Nooh:15-18), so who created them and made life for them and made for themthe senses of listening and viewing, so then the apparent and the hidden senses and these feelingsinside and that world of heart are all back to Him, and the mind is the judge among them, and whatcreation is more wonderous more than him (the Man) if you just meditated and believed?, sowhoever created all of this is able to make him (the Man) alive again after his death for judgementwhere He promised for forgiveness for those who obeyed and punishment for those who denied,and God never break any promise for His slave. There is for you from the previous examples thewisdom, and from the creation of heaven and its shiny sun and moon the thought, and with theseefforts from the prophet of God, Noah, he wanted their life and happiness in their life and their after-life, but they were ignorant for him and hurted him, and whenever he works on fixing them andguiding them, they work on revolting and plotting against him and ignoring him. God did say tellingwhat happened with him: He said: My Lord! Lo! I have called unto my people night and day, But allmy calling doth but add to their repugnance; And lo! whenever I call unto them that Thou maystpardon them they thrust their fingers in their ears and cover themselves with their garments andpersist (in their refusal) and magnify themselves in pride(Nooh:5-7), to the rest of the Holy phrases

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that tells what happened with him (PUH), so you have to read them and understand what is theirpurpose and you may be a winner. So Noah take it for so long and been patient quite much that noone can be as patient as that except those who work for God sincerely and never find a life awayfrom obeying Him and no work except to do the deeds for which He would have mercy for, but theydenied and refused and followed the tyrants, from their leaders and idols worshippers. So when hecouldn't help with it and was depressed about guiding them, and they even plotted and agreed tonot leave the worshipping of their idols Wadd, nor Suwa', nor Yaghuth and Ya'uq and Nasr, and saidto him: O Noah! Thou hast disputed with us and multiplied disputation with us; now bring upon usthat wherewith thou threatenest us, if thou art of the truthful(Hud:32), and he answered with whatGod had told in the chapter of Hud in phrase (33): Only Allah will bring it upon you if He will, and yecan by no means escape, My counsel will not profit you if I were minded to advise you, if Allah's willis to keep you astray. He is your Lord and unto Him ye will be brought back(Hud:33-34). And whenNoah got depressed about the faith of his people after a work of nine hundreds and fifty years asmentioned in the Holy Quran, and he used to call them for worshipping God after believing in Himand with the message of Noah and whatever in it, and God told him and He is the One that knowsabout His creation that there is no use of calling them either for long or short time, by saying: No-one of thy folk will believe save him who hath believed already. Be not distressed because of whatthey do(Hud:36). Just then Noah directed his calls of destruction for his people towards God, so hesaid as it is told by God: My Lord! Leave not one of the disbelievers in the land, If Thou shouldst leavethem, they will mislead Thy slaves and will beget none save lewd ingrates(Nooh:26-27). And Godanswered his calls for their destruction, and before that God promised him to destroy them, if theyinsisted on tyranny, by drowning, and he knew all that by inspiration. And when God's will judged fortheir destruction and being under the anger of God for their disbelieve, his God, the Exalted, orderedhim to make the Ark by saying as mentioned in the chapter of Hud: Build the ship under Our eyesand by Our inspiration, and speak not unto Me on behalf of those who do wrong. Lo! they will bedrowned, And he was building the ship, and every time that chieftains of his people passed him, theymade mock of him. He said: Though ye make mock of Us, yet We mock at you even as ye mock, Andye shall know to whom a punishment that will confound him cometh, and upon whom a lastingdoom will fall, (Thus it was) till, when Our commandment came to pass and the oven gushed forthwater, We said: Load therein two of every kind, a pair (the male and female), and thy household,save him against whom the word hath gone forth already, and those who believe. And but a fewwere they who believed with him, And he said: Embark therein! In the name of Allah be its courseand its mooring. Lo! my Lord is Forgiving, Merciful, And it sailed with them amid waves likemountains, and Noah cried unto his son - and he was standing aloof - O my son! Come ride with us,and be not with the disbelievers(Hud:37-42), to the end of the holy phrases from the chapter of Hud.

If you meditate through them (the holy phrases before), and whatever it contained of threateningand warning and frightening, you would surely know that there is no difference between the nationof Noah and the rest of other nations where they do whatever they do of sins and then facewhatever comes of shames, for the Almighty and the Exalted, the One of High Pride does not let go awrong-doing for any wrong-doer and He is in the face of them and every wrong-doer. They did nottake caution in the middle of their joy, and suddenly the Flood erased their traces and destroyedtheir lands and covered their homes and fortunes, so He destroyed them with what they worship andsubdued them and every tyrant until the doomsday, so whatever came over them is a warning forothers and for every nation that would come after them, for their Lord doesn't want anything for His

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slaves and creation but the absolute happiness for their life and their after-life if they obeyed Himand followed His messengers and worked with His books and the laws of His religion, and the Quranmentions such stories about the ancient nations to put them in consideration and follow the path ofGod and His messengers and His books and work by them. Yes, God ordered His slave and Hismessenger Noah to make the Ark for the safety of him and of whoever believed in him from hisrelatives and his followers and God described them by saying: And but a few were they who believedwith him(Hud:40), and his people used to mock at him for making the Ark without water, and lot ofthem knew that he is only making it to save hisself and themselves from the coming punishment,and they denied that because they did not believe such thing could happen since it did not happenfor others before them, and this denial is originated by disbelieving in him and in Whoever sent him,and he (PUH) also used to mock at them for their ego and their ignorance for the truth and for nottaking awareness and caution for themselves by following him, and he turned to threaten them bythat (the punishment) hoping for them to be aware for themselves and stop their wrong-doing, andGod told the story of his saying to them: And ye shall know to whom a punishment that willconfound him cometh, and upon whom a lasting doom will fall(Hud:39). Yes, the completion of theArk was by inspiration from God and by His teachings for His slave Noah, for God's saying: Build theship under Our eyes and by Our inspiration(Hud:37). As it is reported by Ibn-'Abbâs that Noah did notknow how to make the Ark so God inspired to him to make it like the chest of the bird, and so whenit was accomplished by the Will of God for what God decided, and the promised had come and thesigns appeared like the weather change and the winds blow and earth's shaking and breaking andthe waters coming from skies and springs of earth and from the furnace that people make theirbread with at homes, God then ordered him to take his family in the Ark and get into it from everyanimal and bird and beast two pairs and take with him all of who believed in him from his people andcarry with him all what they all might need of food for each type and kind.

So when he finished all of that and they all got inside it and took a place in it, it got harder with thewaters coming from the sky and earth God did say: Thus it was) till, when Our commandment cameto pass and the oven gushed forth water, We said: Load therein two of every kind, a pair (the maleand female), and thy household, save him against whom the word hath gone forth already(Hud:40).So then the Ark turned around like a millstone and then got up the surface of the water and went onto where God destined it to go, and that was mentioned before, until everything on the surface ofearth was drowned, and it is mentioned that the water level at the time of Noah raised aboveeverything for fifteen cubits. From Da'awât Al-Râwandi [seems a book's name] that it said: WhenNoah went abroad he denied to let the scorpion go in with him, so it said to him: Let me go with youand I will make a vow to not sting anyone that says: Peace on Muhammad and the Household ofMuhammad and Noah, in this life. We've come to mention that the flood continued for one hundredand fifty days or six months and the Ark with its people over the water until it was placed over Al-Judi and stayed there and all the water dried out and the earth swallowed it by a commandment ofGod. It is reported that that was on the day of Nayruz [persian name, it is a festival that still takesplace in the persian calendar every year] and it is the beginning of spring season, as reported by Al-Sâdiq (PUH) and we've come to mention before its place (the Ark) and where is Al-Judi.

We've pointed before that one of the sons of Noah (PUH) denied to go abroad in the Ark with hisfather, and he was a disbeliever and disobeyer for his father, and his father called him by: O my son!Come ride with us, and be not with the disbelievers(Hud:42), so then he (his son) answered: I shallbetake me to some mountain that will save me from the water(Hud:43), and and so on until the end

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of what was mentioned by the holy book. Noah then had pitty and the passion of the father for hisson so he raised his head calling God for help and to save his son Canaan from being drowned bysaying: My Lord! Lo! my son is of my household! Surely Thy promise is the truth and Thou are theMost Just of Judges(Hud:45), for Gos promised Noah to save his family and whoever believed fromthe people, as mentioned before, so he thought that his son is one of his family because of he isrelated to him by kinship, and didn't notice his refusal and his sins, and that everyone that did notget abroad in the Ark is an enemy for God and has no dignity and nothing can save him from thepunishment, so God warned him for this and blamed him in such a gentle and passionate way sayingto him: O Noah! Lo! he is not of thy household; lo! he is of evil conduct, so ask not of Me thatwhereof thou hast no knowledge. I admonish thee lest thou be among the ignorant(Hud:46). Noahthen apologized saying what was mentioned in the holy book, and you might be aware to themeaning of all of this and if you did that might be one of the greatest sermons for you if you have acomplete faith, and that you must not be an enemy for any viceroy for God and never be an ally forany an enemy for Him either it is relative (close) to you or far away, and this is the scale for yourtruthful faith and for anyone that claims faith, and if you denied from a believer a bad deed thenleaving him because of it is in fact leaving the corruption and the bad doings and not leaving thebeliever and hisself or his faith, where there is no infallibility except for those who God madeinfallible, and you might even like a character from a disbeliever like justice and generosity, like thoseof Kisrâ the king of persians [notice that Kisrâ is not a name but it means King of kings in persian, butusually now it is used in common for the persian king who's named Anu Sharwân in Arabic whodenied the message of Muhammad and tore the letter of the prophet] and Hâtim Al-Tâ'ee [A manlived before the time of the prophet Muhammad, was famous for his generosity that proverbs forgenerosity was made about him], who were famous for his generosity, and both of them aredisbelievers. There are clues from the Holy Quran and the Muhammedan tales and others from theprevious rules and the mind and the wisemen as it is obvious for the most least of meditation [thelast line of this paragraph is not translated as it should be for the Arabic version has some wordsmixing and lost meaning, this is the best I can do here.] And know that the historians that discussedthe story of Noah did differ in weither the flood covered all of earth or not and only specified for thedestination that he used to live in with his (Noah) people, and they did not have nor we do have anyclue that we can be comfortable with, and the Holy Quran did not mention anything about that, butonly that the flood destroyed his people and he survived with whoever was with him in the Ark, andit is apparent from understanding the general meaning of the speech, that it was special for the placehe used to live in with his tribes like in Iraq for example or in the Arabian peninsula, and it is likelysimilar to whatever happened to the nations that came after him for the punishment was directedagainst the people of those who warn and their lands like the people of Hud, Sâlih, Moses, David andothers that came before and after them, so meditate, and that might be what the interpretersunderstood from the Holy Quran, and it is apparent that there is no special speech reported from theprophet (PUH) and his purified Household concerning this matter except what is apparent from theHoly Quran. It is so far away from mind to think that the people of Noah did cover all the landscompletely and earth in all directions and that the flood covered it all, although there is no definiteclue that can guide the research about the generality of the flood or its specification. Yes, whatappears from the Holy Book that there were no living thing that was left on earth after the floodexcept what was in the Ark, and from this angle (point of view) the difference occur about the matterand about considering it as a general or a specific case and God only knows.

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This is the last thing we would like to mention about the conditions of the sheikh of messengers(PUH), and prayers may be upon the last of prophets, Muhammad and his purified Household, andthanks goes to God the Lord of all.

Hud (PUH)

He is the prophet that was sent to 'Âd ben 'Ewas ben Eram ben Sâm ben Nuh [i.e.ben Shem benNoah] as it was reported, and Hud (PUH) is the son of 'Abdullah ben Rabâh ben Khalood ben 'Âd ben'Ewas ben Eram ben Sâm ben Nuh (PUH), as mentioned in Safeenat Al-Bihâr [book's name] for Al-Muhaddiþ Al-Qommi, and it is the same as that mentioned in Qisas Al-Anbiyâ' [stories of prophets]for 'Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr. It is reported also that Hud is the son of Shâlikh ben Arfakhshd ben Shemben Noah (PUH), so the number of fathers between the messenger and his nation is equal sobetween them and Shem only two and no more, and for the first report about the fathers of Hud(PUH) there is more than four fathers obviously. God the Exalted did say: And unto (the tribe of) A'ad(We sent) their brother, Hud. He said: O my people! Serve Allah. Ye have no other God save Him. Willye not ward off (evil) ?(Al-A`râf:65), and the meaning, and God knows better, that We sent to 'Âdtheir brother Hud, and it is a joining for what was before from the story of Noah (PUH) by God'ssaying: We sent Noah (of old) unto his people, and he said: O my people! Serve Allah. Ye have noother God save Him. Lo! I fear for you the retribution of an Awful Day(Al-A`râf:59), and God did makethem the inhabitants of earth after the people of Noah (PUH), and God did provide them with largebodies, and it was mentioned that one of them could reach the tallness of seventy to one hundredcubits, and as reported from Abi Ja`far Al-Sâdiq (PUH): they were like long palm trees, one of themcan hit the mountain and break a piece of it. And it was said: as a sign of their might, one man ofthem can knock of rocks by his hand. and they used to worship idols that they called gods, and forthis Hud (PUH) said to them: Would ye wrangle with me over names which ye have named, ye andyour fathers, for which no warrant from Allah hath been revealed?(Al-A'râf:71). They are the peoplethat God destroyed by the fatal wind, and they used to say to Hud (PUH) when he used to calls themto worship God and worship no other god with Him: We think that you've been under the spell ofour gods for calling them with bad names.

When Hud (PUH) called them to God and to His religion and even exaggerated in his sermons andguiding them and warned them against the Will of the Almighty and His punishment in this life andthe after-life, all of that, did not bring anything with them, then God saved the rains from them untilaridity became over them so that they can be aware of what happened to them and get back to obeyGod, but that did nothing to them and their ego increased, and in a speech reported to Al-Sajjâd(PUH) when someone told him (PUH) by the purpose of criticism that your grandfather [the prophetMuhammad PUH] said: our brothers wronged us and we fought them for their wrong, so he (PUH)said in his answer: woe to you, don't you read the Quran? And unto (the tribe of) A'ad (We sent)their brother, Hud(Al-A'râf:65), And unto Midian (We sent) their brother, Shu'eyb(Al-A'râf:85), And to(the tribe of) Thamud (We sent) their brother Salih(Al-A'râf:73), so they are like them, and they werebrothers for them in the tribe and not in religion, and in another reported speech he said to them: SoGod destroyed A'ad and saved Hud, and destroyed Thamud and saved Salih..etc. And in Al-Kâfi [abook's name] it is reported from Al-Bâqir (PUH), that Noah brought tidings for Shem in advance forthe coming of Hud and said to him: God will send a prophet called Hud, and he will call his people toGod but they will deny him and He will destroy them with the wind, so whoever reaches his days lethim believe in him and follow him, and there were prophets between both of them. And in Al-Ikmâl

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[a book's name] as reported from Al-Sâdiq (PUH) it is that when Noah was about to die he called hisfollowers and said to them: you have to know that after my death there will be an absence in whichtyrants will appear, and God will save you by a viceroy from my descendants called Hud, he hasrespect and calm look-likes, he looks like me in shape and manner, and from them also (PUT)[meaning the Household members PUT]: when Hud was sent, he was a descendant of Shem (PUH)and the others said who is more stronger than we are so they were destroyed by the wind, and Hudforetold his people about Sâlih (PUH) and advised them to follow him, and as mentioned from Al-Bâqir (PUH) that prophets were sent in special and general prophecy, and Hud was sent in a specialprophecy to A'ad.

The Land of A'ad and Their Crafts

In the interpretation of 'Ali ben Ibrâhim: A'ad's land was in the desert and they had plants and lot ofpalms, and they had long ages and tall bodies and worshipped idols so God send to them Hud to callthem back to the rightful religion but they denied and did not believe in Hud and hurted him so thesky catched its rains from them for seven years until aridity became over them, and Hud was farmerand was watering the land when some people came to his door asking for him so then an old womanwith one eye came out for them and asked: who are you and what do you want? so they answered:we are from a land and our land was affected by aridity so we came to Hud to pray to God to let therain come over with fertility to our lands. So she said to them: If prays of Hud were to be answeredhe would pray for himself first, this is his land became arid and his plants was burnt for the scarcity ofwater, so they asked: and where is he? so she told them where he was and they went to him andmade a complaint for him and said to him: O prophet of God, our land became arid, and we've comehere to ask you to pray to God to let rains come over our lands, so when he heard their complaints,he went to pray and asked God for what they wanted and then said to them: go back to your lands,the rain did fall. Then they told him what they saw and heard from that woman in his house, so hesaid (PUH): this is my wife and I pray to God to give her the long age, so they wondered: and how isthat? So he answered: because God never created a believer without an enemy that hurts him, andshe is my enemy, and to have an enemy that I own is better than having an enemy that owns me.

So Hud (PUH) kept on calling his people to worship God and deny worshipping the idols to makethem happy in this life and the after-life and may their lands be fruitful and their fortunes mayincrease and win the paradise of the after-life, and it is as God said: And, O my people! Askforgiveness of your Lord, then turn unto Him repentant; He will cause the sky to rain abundance onyou and will add unto you strength to your strength. Turn not away, guilty! They said: O Hud! Thouhast brought us no clear proof and we are not going to forsake our gods on thy (mere) saying, and weare not believers in thee.(Hud:52-53). So, when they did not believe God sent upon them the"Sarsar" wind [sarsar is the word mentioned in Quran to describe this wind], and it is the one ofextreme coldness, and it is what God said in the chapter of Al-Qamar: Lo! We let loose on them araging wind on a day of constant calamity(Al-Qamar:19). And in the chapter of Al-Haqqah: And as forA'ad, they were destroyed by a fierce roaring wind, Which He imposed on them for seven long nightsand eight long days so that thou mightest have seen men lying overthrown, as they were hollowtrunks of palm- trees (Al-Haqqah: 6-7), and so they were continuous [notice in this line the author isexplaining a word in Arabic that meant to be continuous but the Pickthall translation used the word"long"], and the first and the last of the eight days was Wednesday and it is a day of continuouscalamity (ill-luck). And from Al-Kâfi [book's name] as reported from Abi Ja'far Al-Bâqir (PUH) that he

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said: God has soldiers of winds to torture with it anyone that He wants of those who denied Hiscommandments and for every wind there is an angel that controls it, so if God wanted to torturesome people with any type of winds He commands him (the angel that controls that wind fortorture) and the angel commands his wind and it becomes agitated like a mad lion. Then he said(PUH): for every wind there is a special name attached to it, don't you hear God's saying about A'ad:Lo! We let loose on them a raging wind [sarsar] on a day of constant calamity(Al-Qamar:54) ? and Hissaying: fatal wind [Al-`Aqeem] (Al-Thâriyat:51), and: a wind wherein is painful torment (Al-Ahqâf:46).And God did say: a fiery whirlwind striketh it and it is (all) consumed by fire(Al-Baqara:266).

Anti-Critiscism or Imagination

Some people may don't like what we are mentioning here even though with such clues, because inhis point of view they were not important matters in a time like ours with lot of corruption in it forthe abundance of parties and bad people and the ignorance of religion, or even for the disbelievingin it and mocking at the people of faith and the total dedication of souls to this life and its beauty andbuilding up even though by the name of religion. For all of that it is hard for them to bear hearingsuch matters and writing it down or even to look at it. Notice. But we say to him that the speech thatis with people of faith is right even though their greed to increase their faith had become lesser forthey knew what did the callers for God bear of troubles, and what the prophets of God and Hisviceroys did and what hurtings did they face along with troubles for calling back to God and for thesaving of humanity and for the happiness of the creation, and awakening the ignorants and stoppingthe tyrants. Then the believer's faith is never complete without admitting the prophecy of everyprophet and messenger sent from God to His creation even though he knows a little about them, andthe best thing to be said in this location that they are mentioned (PUT) in dear Quran, andemphasized on mentioning them many times and explained their stories and their conditions and allof that was just to think about it as it is mentioned in these holy phrases, so the believer think aboutits sermons and warns by its warnings and avoid the things that bring the torments and revenge andgo along to the things that bring dignity to the believers in this life and the after-life, so explainingsuch matters going deep inside them is only for this purpose, and in fact it is just an explanation forthe holy phrases of God and to interpret what the Holy Book symbolized.

With this wind we've become to mention before God bombards mountains and make it as a plainland without any curves in it or high places. It is said that it is called Al-`Aqeem (the wind) [Arabic:`Aqeem = barren] because it was barren with torment and without any mercy, like when men andwomen when they become barren with no children, so it is said: "Rajol `Aqeem" (Barren man) andImra'ah `Aqeem (Barren woman), so barrenness is and adjective that describes males and females.And it is said: when the people of Hud (PUH) became tyrants and they are A'ad and his people anddisbelieved and nothing works with them of sermons or the warnings of the prophet of God, Hud,God sent to them Al-`Aqeem wind (barren wind) so it grinded their castles and forts and cities untilall became like sands, and it came over them for continuous seven nights and eight days, and youwould see the people in them (the cities) as if they were trunks of palm trees, and it used to lift menand women up high and throw them back to fall on their heads, so the wind used to pick up men andwomen from down their feet and lift them up to the sky and destroy them, and it worked onmountains as well as it grinded their homes until they became like soft sand, and it is the one calledAl-Ahqâf (and there is a chapter called for its name and it is the chapter of Al-Ahqâf), and we'vecame to mention that they used to cut of pillars from the mountains as tall as the mountain itself

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then they move it and make a stand of it and build castles upon it, and maybe for this reason it wascalled "Ðât Al-`Imâd" [Arabic: `Imâd = pillars] that nothing was created like it on the lands.

And Here Is An Amazing Story

It is the paradise of Shaddâd ben A'ad that he built and described as the paradise that God createdfor faithful followers. Its story was transferred and been told by many historians one of them is Al-Sadooq in Ikmâl Al-Deen [a book's name] as reported to a man called Abi Wâ'il, so he said: there wasa man called `Abdullah ben Qulâbah went out seeking some camels that he lost, and while he was inthe deserts of Aden in Yemen, and while in these deserts he saw bright twinkling that almost took hissightness away, so he went directly towards it and he forgot about his camels, so when he got closerhe found a great city and a fort around it, and around that fort many castles and long high flags, sohe got closer and thought there is someone to ask about his camels but he saw no one going in orout of it and got scared, so he got down from his camel and tied it then got his sword ready andentered from the gate of the fort and then he saw two great doors that he never saw like thembefore and their wood is of the finest and on them placed the red and yellow rubies and their lightsfilled the space, so when he saw that he liked it and opened on of the doors and entered so he foundhimself in a city that no one saw before, and found castles hanged up in the air by pillars of emeraldsand rubies and upon each castle of these there are rooms and above the rooms there were roomsmade of gold and silver and pearls and rubies and emeralds, and upon each door of these roomsthere were leaves like the leaves on the doors of the city itself and made of the finest wood andornamented with rubies. These castles were paved with pearls, musk and saffron, so when he saw allof that and didn't see any one in it he got scared and afraid, then he took a look into the streets andfound each one of these was full of fruitfull trees and rivers going from under it, so when he saw allof that he said to hisself: This is the paradise that God promised for his faithful slaves so thanks maybe to Him to let me in it, so then he carried some of its pearls and its musk and some of its saffrons,and it was as much as a sand in it, so he carried whatever he could and couldn't take other thingsbecause they were planted in its doors, walls and pillars, so then he got out and mounted his cameland went back from the way he came from until he got back to Yemen and showed what he got andcarried and told people what did he see and met and sold some of what he got of pearls so his newsspread over the lands and that was at the time of Mu`âwiyah ben Abi-Sufyân [The main creator forthe Ummayads empire after the end of the Caliphates age. He was in furious wars with Ali ben Abi-Tâlib and his son Al-Hasan PUT], so when he got the tidings about it he sent a messenger to Yemenasking the man to come to him, so the man went along until he reached Mu`âwiyah, and when theysat alone with each other he asked him what did he see, so the man told him the story of the cityand what did he see in it and showed him some of what he got there of pearls, musk and saffron, soMu`âwiyah said then: Oh God, even king Solomon ben David did not get a city like this!

Then Mu`âwiyah sent a messenger to The Rabbi (and he is the wisest man of Jews that he finally gotinto Islam at the time of the prince of believers Ali ben Abi-Tâlib PUH, and was a good follower andhe's known with this name and used to live in Medina, and God knows better) so when he arrivedMu`âwiyah asked him: O father of Isaac, is there a city that was built by gold and silver and its pillarsmade of Beryl and Rubies and the stones of its castles and rooms is made of pearls and the rivers goin its streets surrounded by fruitful trees? So then The Rabbi said to him: This city is owned byShaddâd ben A'ad, and this city is "With many-columned Iram"(Al-fajir:7), and it is the one describedby God, the Exalted, in His book that was revealed on His prophet (PUH), and it is mentioned that

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nothing like it was created over the lands. Then Mu`âwiyah said to him: tell us about it. So, The Rabbisaid: the first A'ad and not A'ad the people of Hud PUH, he had two sons, one called Shadeed andthe other Shaddâd, so then A'ad died and they stayed after him and ruled over earth with might andpower and people obeyed them from east to west, then Shadeed died and only Shaddâd stayed andruled alone, and he loved reading books so much, and whenever he used to hear about the paradiseand whatever is there of buildings and castles and rubies with beryls, he wished to do the same of itin the real life as a challenge to God. So, he started working on it and assigned one hundred men ofcrafts for doing so, and for each man of them a thousand workers and said to them: go to the bestland on earth that is good for such a thing and build a city of gold, silver, rubies, beryl, and pearls,and make it on pedestals of beryl and upon them rooms and rooms over the rooms and listed otherthings that he wants such as channeling rivers and planting trees and other things that weredescribed for paradise, so they said to him: how can we do it as you said of gold and silver andjewels? So Shaddâd said to them: don't you know that I own the earth? They answered: yes, he said:then go to every ore of jewels, gold and silver and assign to it men of experience until you collectwhat you need of it and also collect all what people has of gold and silver and go to work, and alsowrite to the kings and princes of lands from the east to the west of earth, so they obeyed his ordersand started collecting jewels for ten years and started building, so they built it up in three hundredsyears, so when they told him that they finished he ordered them to protect it with a great wall andthen they made around the wall one thousand castles, at each castle there were one thousand flagson specific position, and he ought to put one of his ministers in each castle, so they all obeyed anddid what he asked. When everything was done and they told him that they finished building, heordered them to povide it with tools of comfort like beds and seats..etc and everything they need ofmirrors and decorations so they spent ten years working on this, and then when everything is done,the king Shaddâd travelled to it with his family and relatives and army and his slaves, so when thecity was far away for one day and night, God sent to him and all the people with him a great shoutfrom the sky and destroyed them all before they reach it, so no one got inside it, and so this is thestory of "many-columned Iram."

That was the speech of The Rabbi to Mu`âwiyah ben Abi-Sufyân that concerns the city of Shaddâdand it is the "many-columned Iram". Then after that The Rabbi said to Mu`âwiyah: and I find in booksthat a man will get into it and see what's inside it and then gets out and tell the people about it butthey will not believe him and the people of faith at the end of time will get into it, and in anotherversion as mentioned in Majma` Al-Bayân [a book's name]: and a man of Muslims at your time willget into it and he's red and blonde and short got a mole over his eye and over his neck that will comeover deserts asking for his camels, and the man was sitting with Mu`âwiyah so The Rabbi turned tohim and said: I swear this is the man. This is what was between Mu`âwiyah and The Rabbi and thisstory is about Shaddâd ben A'ad and it is different from A'ad people that were at the time of Hud(PUH) as we mentioned before and it is even before his time and for this we think that between Hudand Shem ben Noah the longest of the two chains of fathers mentioned before so the number offathers between the two becomes six and they are: Abdullah, the father of Hud, and then comesRabbâh ben Khalud ben A'ad ben `Ewas ben Iram ben Shem ben Noah (PUT), and not only two andthey are: Shâlih ben Arfakhshd ben Shem, and for what we've suggested that means Hud was sent tothe people of his grandfather's grandfather and this is unreasonable, and even according to our rulesand faith it is not possible, for the fathers of every prophet are purified and infallible and faithful andnothing less than that, and from this point of view the controversy takes place and only God knows.

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There is also no doubt that the name "A'ad" was for a man who became a tyrant which is differentfrom the fathers of Hud (PUH), so we do not doubt their infalliblity and it is a purified sacred chainconnected with Shem ben Noah (PUT), and also we don't doubt the existance of Shadeed andShaddâd for historians did emphasize on their existance and they are the sons of A'ad as well. Wedon't deny this story and the building of the city mentioned before that it might be true, but itshould not be believed in completely until a clue is founded that can break all doubts which issomething lost currently. Yes, it was mentioned in many books and even some of them is traced backto the infallible Imams but it wasn't for sure to be trusted in for the weakness of the tracing chain,but it is something that can be true or false, and I've mentioned it here because it was mentioned inmany books and for its connection with this chapter and the purpose is not hidden and God knowseverything and we shall ask Him the mercy and the will. It is mentioned also that A'ad is a famousArabic name, and what is traced back from a speech for Sebaweh [a famous linguist that contributedand explained a lot of the Arabic grammar and vocabulary at his time. In modern life, his namebecome as saying said to everyone that knows so much in the deep Arabic language], that A'ad is aforeign name and the first one to speak Arabic was Ya`rob ben Qahtân which came after a long timeafter the time of A'ad, and only God knows.

And Some Historians Said

It is famous from the speeches of those who deal with the story of A'ad that they are destroyed afterthe existance of Abraham (PUH) and the building of the Holy House in Holy Mecca, and said: it ispoissble the A'ad were the longest living people on earth and also the greatest in bodies. And whosaid that A'ad is the son of `Ewas ben Iram then he got so far with that, because in such a short timeit is not possible for Iram to generate such a huge tribe that works on earth and be proud of itsstrength as A'ad used to be, for they were people of agriculture and enslaved people as it ismentioned by Hud (PUH) in his saying to them as been told by the Holy Book: Do ye build a landmarkon every high place to amuse yourselves? And do ye get for yourselves fine buildings in the hope ofliving therein (forever)? And when ye exert your strong hand, do ye do it like men of absolute power?Now fear Allah, and obey me. Yea, fear Him Who has bestowed on you freely all that ye know. Freelyhas He bestowed on you cattle and sons, And Gardens and Springs. (Al-Sho'arâ':128-134). They alsomentioned that the headquarter of A'ad and their homes were in the land of Ahqâf and it is locatedin the north of Hadramawt, and their place now is just a sandy location with no one living thing afterthat great construction, and Al-Ahqâf means the place of lot of sands as in the language. And asmentioned before they used to worship the idols instead of God, the Exalted, as the people of Noah(PUH) used to do. It is reported from Ibn Abbâs that they had an idol called "Samud" and anotherone called "Al-Hattâr", so then God sent to them Hud (PUH) and he was from a tribe called "Al-Khalood", and he was one of nobles with a nice-looking face, with a shape and body like them, whitewith a long beard, so he called them to worship God and believe in the One and stop worshippingthe idols and doing wrong to people, but they refused to do so and called him a liar and said: Who'sstronger than us? And Hud used to warn them and give examples for them with the first people ofA'ad and people of Noah (PUH) before them and remind them of the gifts of God and explained tothem that he has no greed for their money and fortunes but he is only commanded by God to guidethem and God only rewards him. As there were people of might and ego among the people the ofHud, there were also people of faith and mind and believed in him and followed him, but the peopleof wrong were much more in number so they refused Hud and ignored all the clues that he broughtfor the truth until God destroyed them and their body turned to be like empty palms' trunks. It is

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apparent that the people of Hud were the second A'ad and not the first as some believed that thesecond A'ad after the people of Hud are the people of Sâleh (PUH) and they are Thamud that lived inYemen from Qahtân and Saba' (Sheba), and their conditions will come later on, and only God knows.Some said, and as reported by the people of Hadramut, that Hud (PUH) lived in Hadramut after thedestruction of A'ad until he died there and buried on the eastern parts of it not far away from thetown of Tareem near the valley of Berhut. So we say, and this is the right, that Hud (PUH) was buriedin the valley of Salâm (valley of peace) near the shrine of the prince of believers Ali ben Abi-Tâlib(PUH), and near the graves of Adam and Noah (PUH), and beside him Sâleh (PUH) with a high domeabove them and their shrines underneath it, and they have their own servants and people visit themin that wide part of Iraq.

You should know that Quran mentioned the story of A'ad with Hud (PUH) in ten Suras (chapters): Al-A`râf, Hud, Al-Mu'minun, Al-Sho`arâ', Fussilat, Al-Ahqâf, Al-Ðâriyât, Al-Qamar, Al-Hâqqah, Al-Fajr. Andthe mentioning of Hud (PUH) was included for seven times in them, and might be the mentioning ofA'ad is for the first A'ad like in the chapter of Al-Fajr, because it is also mentioned with it the city ifIram, the many-columned. Because both of A'ad of Hud and the one before it were tyrants, but bothof them are different as mentioned before, and for this purpose He said: Lo! A'ad disbelieved in theirLord. A far removal for A'ad, the folk of Hud!(Hud:60). This speech is from Him, the Exalted, is call fortheir destruction and in it you will find the reasons for their destruction and the repetition of theirstory is to show how awful is their matter, and also for meditating and take the wisdom from theirstory and avoid their deeds, and He said "folks of Hud" to make a destinction betweem them andbetween the owner of Iram, the many columned. In the Hadith: people must be filtered and betested so their good be known among their bad ones. Look by the eye of your heart to the story ofHud (PUH) with his people you will see a respected man with wisdom and high manners with greatfeelings, worshipper and ascetic, and also with pride and dignity with a hard faith and believe in God,the Exalted, for the disbelievers he was the torture and for the believers he was a passionate father,this is Hud (PUH), and look to the great evil that was represented in A'ad and their saying to him:Who is mightier than us in power? Hard in their refusing and in their sayings, rude and proud, withno manners and filthy tongue, disbelieving in paradising, but Hud (PUH) never reacted for this evilwith evil, but in the contrary, passion and kindness and sincerity never leave him in his callings for hispeople. Look to their saying to him: Lo! we surely see thee in foolishness, and lo! we deem thee ofthe liars(Al-A`râf:66), and look to his answer to them: He said: O my people! There is no foolishnessin me, but I am a messenger from the Lord of the Worlds. I convey unto you the messages of my Lordand am for you a true adviser(Al-A`râf:67-68). Meditate in this sincerity from a righteous prophet,mighty in the cause of God with dignity and pity for his people against the torment of the Almightyand His destruction, and he is scared for them against His anger for whoever rebel against His willand did not have mercy for himself by obeying his Lord, so he speaks to them with the language ofpassion and kindness and high manners, and they face him with that savagery, and he reminds themof the gifts of God for them like the fortunes, the sons, the gardens and watersprings, and remindsthem that they are ignorant to His gifts to them, and He made them special by giving them the hugebodies and the might with dignity of the tribe and made them viceroys on earth after the people ofNoah, and reminds them that believing in God will bring to them even more fortunes and happinessin this life and in after-life, and their answer to him was that to humilate him and being surprised andwondering about his message and calls where he called for them to worship one God alone awayfrom their gods and whatever their fathers used to worship before them, and even called him a crazy

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and claimed that some of their gods revealed mental illness on him as a punishment for hisarguments about their rights and for trying to stop worshipping them, look to this lying about hishonorable place, and they claimed that some of their gods and not all of them caused him to be withmental illness, but his answer to them was: I call Allah to witness, and do ye (too) bear witness, that Iam innocent of (all) that ye ascribe as partners (to Allah), Beside Him. So (try to) circumvent me, allof you, give me no respite, Lo! I have put my trust in Allah, my Lord and your Lord. Not an animal butHe doth grasp it by the forelock! Lo! my Lord is on a straight path(Hud:54-56). And let it be knownthat whatever Hud (PUH) did is a matter that is should done by everyone that assigned to themission of ordering by goodness and prohibiting the bad deeds and guiding people and teachingthem the laws and regulations of the religion and it is matter for every religious scholar, and we'vementioned before that mentioning such matters is for guiding and to take the wisdom out of them,and everyone is a slave for God and His own creation and let the guiders and wisemen take Hud(PUH) as an example, for he said to his people: And if ye turn away, still I have conveyed unto youthat wherewith I was sent unto you, and my Lord will set in place of you a folk other than you. Yecannot injure Him at all. Lo! my Lord is Guardian over all things(Hud:57). And thanks to God the Lordof all and prayers be upon His prophet the chosen, and his descendants the purified and upon therest of prophets and messengers until the time of the doomsday.

The Prophet Sâlih (PUH)

He is Sâlih ben Þamud ben `Âbir ben Iram ben Shem ben Noah (PUH), he was sent to Þamud andthey are his tribe and one of the Arabs and were called after their grandfather and he is Þamud ben`Âbir ben Iram ben Shem ben Noah (PUH), and God said in the chapter of Al-A`râf: And to (the tribeof) Thamud (We sent) their brother Salih. He said: O my people! Serve Allah. Ye have no other Allahsave Him. A wonder from your Lord hath come unto you. Lo! this is the camel of Allah, a token untoyou; so let her feed in Allah's earth, and touch her not with hurt lest painful torment seize you(Al-A`râf:73). In tidings from Al-Bâqir (PUH) from his grandfather from Gabriel (PUH) what has the mainmeaning with little change in versions of it that: Sâlih was sent to his people and he was sixteen yearsold, and kept on calling them until he reached one hundred and twenty years old and neveranswered him for good. They had seventy idols that they worshipped instead of God, so when heobserved such attitude from them he said to them: O folks, I've been sent to you and I was sixteenyears old, and now I've reached one hundred and twenty years old, so I'm offering for you twochoices to choose from, either I ask my God whatever you want from Him and He will answer youwhatever you asked for at the moment, or I shall ask your gods and if they answered me back forwhat I asked, I shall go out from the tribe, you've been sick of me and I've been sick of you. So, theysaid: you've been just Sâlih so get ready for a day for all to get out, so when they went out with theiridols they told him: O Sâlih ask whoever you want, so he said to the greatest and called him by itsname: O you, answer me, but it didn't answer, so said Sâlih: why he doesn't answer? They answeredhim: ask another one, so he went to their idols one by one asking them, but none did answer.

Then they did prostrate before them in the dust seeking an answer to his calls from their idols, butnothing happened, so then he did say: O folks, the day is almost over and I don't see any answerfrom your gods, so ask me to pray for my God and He will answer you at the moment, so they chosefrom themselves seventy men that were of high positions amongst them and said to him: if your Godanswered us no one of us will refuse [refuse the religion], so they all went to some mountain near by,by their request, and when they reached it they said: O Sâlih, ask your God to let out of this

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mountain at this moment a she-camel that is reddish and has lot of hair and got a pregnancy periodof ten months, so Sâlih said to them: you've asked for something so great for me but so easy for myGod, and then just after Sâlih finished his callings to his God, the Exalted, the mountain then startedto break and fault which made them almost lose their brains when they heard the sound of itscracking, and then the moutain started to shake as a woman started to give birth, then her headwent out of that crack and started to get out of it until she stood on the ground, so when they sawthis they said to him: O Sâlih, how fast did your God answer, call your God to get out of her herweanling, so he asked God for this and so it happened and then said to them: O folks, anything left?So they said: No, so they went along with him to their people and the she-camel with her weanlingwith them, but before they reach the people, fifty six men of them got back to their religion and onlyfive remained with him, and the public then said that this is magic and not reality. And from tidingsfrom Al-Sâdiq (PUH) in his interpretation to God's saying: (The tribe of) Thamud rejectedwarnings(Al-Qamar:23), so he said (PUH): this is about what they rejected from Sâlih, and God neverdestroyed a nation before sending the messengers to it and have the reasons to destroy them, soGod sent to them Sâlih to call them back to God but they didn't answer him and been aggressivetowards him and said to him: we won't believe in you until you get out for us from this rock a she-camel that has a pregnancy period of ten months, and that rock was something sacred for them andthey worshipped it and also sacrifice for it at the beginning of each year and gather around it, so theysaid: if you are a messenger as you claim ask your God to let out of this rock a she-camel that haspregnancy period of ten months, and God lat it out as they requested.

Then God inspired to him that tell them that God made for this she-camel a whole day of drink, andthen for you a whole day of drink. So, whenever it was the day of her drink, she drinks all the waterand then they milk it and no adult or young is left in their town without drinking from her milk in thatday, and when night is passed and morning comes, they go to their water and drink and the she-camel never drinks and so they stayed like that as much as God wanted. Then they rebelled againstGod's will and they argued between each other and said: kill that she-camel and get rid of it, wedon't accept that she has a whole day of drink and then a whole day of drink for us, then they said:who can kill her and we'll reward him as much as he wants? So, a man with reddish and bluish skin,came out of sin, and has no known father and was called "Qaddâr ben Sâlif", he was of ill mannersand so famous for that, so they made a reward for him. So, when the she-camel went to the waterthat she used to go to, he left it until she drank of that water and when she was in her way back heshowed up to her and stroke her with his sword one time but it didn't do anything to her, and thenhe stroke her again and killed her, so she fill on her side, and her weanling escaped away and climbeda mountain and prattled three times towards the sky, and the people of Sâlih came and shared theman his strike and divided her meat amongst them so no young or adult is left without eating of hermeat. Some tidings also say that four people went after her weanling when it escaped and shot anarrow towards it and it got into its heart so it dropped to earth, then they pulled it from its legs downand put its meat with its mother's meat and divided it amongst them, then Sâlih warned them andsaid to them: why did you do that? did you refuse the commandments of your God? So then Godinspired to Sâlih that your people had rebelled and killed the she-camel that was sent to them byGod as a clue for them, and they weren't harmed by her and they had in and from her the greatestbenefits so say to them: I'm going to send my torment to you after three days, so if they regrettedand made repentance towards their God, He will accept it and Will not torment them, and if theydidn't make repentance His torment will arrive in the third day, so Sâlih brought the message of God

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to them and said to them: O folks, I'm a messenger from your Lord to you, and He says to you that ifyou made repentance I will accept it, so when he finished saying this they got even more rebelliousand said: O Sâlih, let whatever you claim come true if you're truthful. Then Sâlih told them that thesigns of their torture will be that in the first day their faces will become yellow, and then in thesecond day will become red, and then in the third day will become black and the torment will comeupon them. It is one of famous tidings that says that when they saw their faces being yellow in thefirst day they walked to each other and said to each other: what Sâlih said became true, and then inthe second day when their faces became reddish they noticed that and argued about thetruthfulness of Sâlih (PUH) but their tyrants did not accept and never believed and said: we willnever accept what Sâlih said, and then when their faces got black in the third day their tyrants said: ifwe all died and destroyed we will never listen to him and never leave our gods that our fathers usedto worship, so when it was the midnight Gabriel (PUH) came and shout on them and made themalmost deaf and broke down their hearts so then all of them were dead within an eye's glance, andnothing is left of them alive (and morning found them prostrate in their dwelling-place(Al-A`râf:78)),and then God sent over them a fire that burnt them all. He said in the chapter of Hud: and touch hernot with harm lest a near torment seize you, But they hamstrung her, and then he said: Enjoy life inyour dwelling-place three days! This is a threat that will not be belied, So, when Our commandmentcame to pass, We saved Salih, and those who believed with him, by a mercy from Us, from theignominy of that day(Hud:64-66). And God said: And the (awful) Cry overtook those who did wrong,so that morning found them prostrate in their dwellings(Hud:67). And what an example for everyoneof God's creation that has a fine thinking and faith, and God also said speaking to His beloved TheChosen [The prophet Muhammad] (PUH): And all that We relate unto thee of the story of themessengers is in order that thereby We may make firm thy heart. And herein hath come unto theethe Truth and an exhortation and a reminder for believers(Hud:120).

The story of Þamud was mentioned in the Holy Quran in eleven chapters: Al-A`râf, Hud, Al-Hijr, Al-Sho`arâ', Al-Naml, Fossilat, Al-Ðariyât, Al-Najm, Al-Qamar, Al-Hâqqah, and Al-Shams. And the nameof Sâlih (PUH) was mentioned seven times in them in: Al-A`râf, Hud, Al-Hijr, Al-Sho`arâ. The miracle ofSâlih was the she-camel and her weanling because she was founded without a reasnable cause to lether out of the rock, and the birth of her weanling without a male, but only by the Will of God, by theprayers and callings of Sâlih (PUH), so God created her and founded her as the creation of Adam andEve without a father or a mother, and Jesus the son of Mary is without a father as well. God foundedher for Sâlih by his prayers as a clue for his truthfulness and a miracle from the Creator of Universeand the Founder of time and space for His Oneness. It is apparent that the Holy Quran did notmention anything about her getting out from a rock or a mountain or anything else, yes it ismentioned later on by the prophet (PUH) and his purified viceroys and it is traced back to them inspeeches and interpretations for the holy book and by other trusted followers and others whodiscussed the situations of prophets and messengers, but the most trusted are the Household ofMuhammad (PUT), and the people of the house know better what's inside it. Yes, the Holy Quranattributed her to God like all creatures are, and she is His creation and mentioned that as: And themessenger of Allah said: It is the she-camel of Allah, so let her drink!(Al-Shams:13), meaning don'tkill her and don't keep her away from drinking, but they lied and killed her. And also God said: Lo! Weare sending the she-camel as a test for them; so watch them and have patience(Al-Qamar:27). Andalso God said: He said: (Behold) this she-camel. She hath the right to drink (at the well), and ye havethe right to drink, (each) on an appointed day(Al-Sho`orâ':155). And also God said: O my people! This

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is the camel of Allah, a token unto you, so suffer her to feed in Allah's earth, and touch her not withharm lest a near torment seize you(Hud:64). And also in the chapter of Al-A`râf: A wonder from yourLord hath come unto you. Lo! this is the camel of Allah, a token unto you; so let her feed in Allah'searth, and touch her not with hurt lest painful torment seize you(Al-A`râf:73).

Properities of The She-Camel

This she-camel has special properities which make her destinctive from other she-camels, such as thelarge size of her body and its attractive color that is mainly brown with yellow and her dense hair,and her ability to drink the water of all the people so that nothing of it is left at the day of her drink,and also giving milk so much that it was enough for the people at that day, the youngs and adults, todrink, and also whatever was on earth of plants was a pasture for her and no one has the right toprohibit her from that, and she didn't use to hurt or do damage towards anyone either in self or hisplants or his trees, and she did not need a guard, and the rest of the animals used to get afraid of herand get off her way.

What is understood from the Holy Phrases about the she-camel is that no one of Þamud should doharm to her or to her food or her drink that was appointed for her at her appointed day, and she alsodon't approach the water at the day of their drinking, so her meanings and her characterestics arenot obvious except for the One who created her. For this they were warned and the threat wasdirected to them whenever they wanted to harm her, and the punishment will befall on them for theslightest harm they might do or for killing her, and Sâlih (PUH) did his best with his people to advicethem for he had the pity on them with sincerity, and carried so much of their cause and had patientwith them to the fullest, and he was lonely with sorrow for them for they were his people and histribe and his beloved if only they obeyed God, but what a sorrow (You would be heard if you werecalling a living, but there is no such life when the one you're calling). He used to remind them of thegifts of God to them and try to prohibit them to do mischiefs on earth and worship other godsinstead of the true God, and also prohibited them to be tyrants on earth with pride, and for the mainheads and tyrants in his people had the pride upon him and they didn't accept to be governed by thecommandments and prohibitions of Sâlih like the other people and become under his rule after theirpride and their rule, and for them such matter is something not to be discussed and not to be takenas it is for their pride keeps them from being under the rule of a man that had no money nor power,and they never look at what they were worshipping of idols that have no benefits nor harm, nofeelings and don't talk to them or guide them, and they would know that the Creator is some Oneelse only if they did meditate and understand.

Sâlih (PUH) is His messenger to them and his prophecy was proved by the miracles that none of thecreatures would make, and the mischiefers that had the rule among the people of Sâlih went to thebelievers that followed him and asked them as if they were mocking: do you know that Sâlih wassent from his God? And their answer to them was: we are believers in whatever he was sent for.Then the tyrants said: we disbelieve in what you've believed in. We've pointed out before that thedestruction of the people of Sâlih ,for their killing of the she-camel and refusing the commandmentsof God and His prophet, was done by the Cry as was mentioned in the Holy Quran in God's saying:And the (awful) Cry overtook those who did wrong, so that morning found them prostrate in theirdwellings(Hud:67). Yes, and Quran also mentioned several ways of punishing them with the quake,the thunders, tyranny..etc as in the chapters of Al-A`râf, Al-Ðâriyât, Al-Hâqqah and Al-Sho`arâ' , and

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no doubt that all of the other ways of punishing were revealed all together, because the Cry which isthe great noise, is done by the thunder and mostly accompanied with the quake and we shall believethat the conditions for the Cry are all satisfied in the Holy Phrases, and also the tyranny which is theexpansion of the circle of destruction that was revealed upon them and upon what they used toworship and upon where they used to live, so tyranny overcame them and their homes as mentionedin His saying: Then see the nature of the consequence of their plotting, for lo! We destroyed themand their people, every one, See, yonder are their dwellings empty and in ruins because they didwrong. Lo! herein is indeed a portent for a people who have knowledge(Al-Naml:51-52). With nodoubt it is apparent that the people of Sâlih were in doubt about his prophecy and his message andhis truthfulness about everything he claimed about the prophecy and the message of God to thembefore the foundation of the she-camel and her weanling, especially the main tyrants of them, and itis probable that some of them believed just by calling them back to God with showing them the cluesfor that as it is with the rest of the messengers and prophets for such people had wisdom and kindhearts and the good-will, and mostly they are the weak people on earth, and they said to the tyrantsof the people of Sâlih: Lo! In that wherewith he hath been sent we are believers(Al-A`râf:75). Yes,and when he got with the great miracle of his which was the she-camel out of the rock as theyrequested, those who were on faith been even more faithful, and it is probable that all of thembelieved in him at that time if it wasn't for the devil's seducation and the soul that runs aftermischiefs and the stubborness of the harsh disbelievers that grabbed with them those of weak faithand those who have no working mind or wisdom. And in a famous speech (Hadith) [this line probablytaken from a famous Hadith for the prophet Muhammad PUH]: People are following their kingsreligions for their greedness for this life's wreckage and their fear of power. So from here and there,those of stubborness got back from being faithful without a clue or a prove, and been doubting anddisbelieving, and said to him: Let whatever you were promising come over us if you were saying thetruth. And as a witness for this we have God's saying: And as for Thamud, We gave them guidance,but they preferred blindness to the guidance(Fossilat:17). So, the she-camel is the miracle to provethe truthfulness of Sâlih and his message from God to them, and it is a test for them, for God did say:Lo! We are sending the she-camel as a test for them; so watch them and have patience(Al-Qamar:27), so by her, the prove was done and the forbidden happened along with the torture, andall is said and done, and God did say about this: We never punish until we have sent a messenger(Al-Isrâ':15).

The Land of Sâlih's (PUH) People

We've pointed out previously their living places although there is some controversy that had notbeen under discussion, so after tracing back we've found out that it lies between Shâm (modernSyria and surroundings) and Hijâz (in KSA) in a place called Al-Hijr. God said: Though ye hew outdwellings in the mountain, being skilful?(Al-Sho`arâ':149), and from Ibn-`Abbâs as reported ininterpreting the meanings of this holy phrase: they used to build castles in every position and hewhouses in the mountains to be their dwellings places in winter so it is better and warmer, and Þemudwas in Wâdi Al-Qurâ [= Valley of Villages] between Medina and Shâm, and A'ad was in Yemen, and

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the ages of Þemud's people used to range between one thousand years and three hundred years.And in His saying: Ye choose castles in the plains(Al-A`râf:74), meaning that they used to build thecastles in the plains, and it is said that they used to make it there to take a rest in them. Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr [another person that has also a book about prophets] said in his stories: Theirhomes were in Al-Hijr and it is between Hijâz and Shâm in Wâdi Al-Qurâ and they are apparent still tilthis very day, and some of my friends visited it and got into the king's home and it was a house withsome rooms and has a large hall and carved into stone, and the place of their dwellings is knowntoday as Faj Al-Nâqah [= The Hole of The She-Camel].

Al-Mas'udi said: Their remains are still obvious in the way as you come back from Shâm, and Al-Hijrof Þemud is in the southern-east part of the land of Midian and it is near the bay of Aqabah. And inthe speech of Sâlih (PUH) as been told by the Holy Book: And remember how He made you viceroysafter A'ad and gave you station in the earth. Ye choose castles in the plains and hew the mountainsinto dwellings(Al-A`râf:74) and this is a point to denote the origin of Þemud and their time and thatthey are the remains of A'ad, and this is as said by some historians. The people of Hadramawt claimthat the lands of Þemud were part of A'ad colonies, so Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr said: This is closer tothe logic and doesn't conflict with what was said before, and also he reported some speeches andtidings in this section from european orientalists and also copied from the book of Jorji Zedân (Al-`Arab Qabl Al-Islâm) [=Arabs before Islam] and also from so many others discussing Þemud and theorigin of Þemud and their time, and he mentioned his point of view about all of that in a long speechthat we don't need to mention here after stating the holy phrase that discusses their situation andafter what was traced from the Prophet and his Household (PUT), and we've explained as much aspossible for those who has an attentive ears and an awakened heart.

Then in the speech about the prophets and messengers and their situations with their people, Quranordered them one by one by names and moves from one before to the one after, and it is a clue fortheir time and place order, as understood by logic, look into the chapters of Al-A`râf, Hud, Al-Anbiyâ',Al-Mu'minun, Al-Sho`arâ', Al-Qasas, Fossilat, and the others, you will see them mostly moving fromone known story to another one the same as in the story of Noah to the story of Hud, and the storyof Sâlih to the story of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob (PUT). It is for sure that their prophecy is provedaccording to the time order that Quran provided as to mention Jacob after Isaac and he is afterAbraham, and also Solomon after David, and Jesus after Moses, and it is after Abraham and afterNoah and after Adam, and their end is the prophet Muhammad and his Household (PUT). [herecomes some lines that I couldn't translate easily. They bear much philosophical terms I guess plusthey add nothing to the subject].

Some scholars mentioned about this matter that deserves to be mentioned here which is comparing`Ali ben Abi Tâlib, the prince of believers (PUH), with the She-Camel of Sâlih, because there are somespeeches (Hadiths) that had been proved and traced back to the prophet (PUH), and also it ismentioned a comparison between Al-Zahrâ' [meaning Fâtima, the daughter of the prophet] with her(the she-camel) for some reasons. As traced back from the prophet (PUH) that he said to `Ali (PUH):The most unblessed in this life is the one who killed the she-camel of Sâlih and the one who willstrike you on the head O `Ali until the blood of your head dye your beard. For many times it isreported from him (PUH) [meaning `Ali ben Abi Tâlib] that he compared his killer with the killer of

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the she-camel of Sâlih, and it is mentioned that some historians wrote papers and explained inlength the possible reasons for such comparison. Some scholars said: whoever meditates through itwill see the similarities, and that is `Ali (PUH) was a miracle shown by God through the prophetMuhammad (PUH) and he said (`Ali PUH): And what miracle is greater than me?. Al-Fâdhil Al-Mo`tazali Ibn Abi Al-Hadeed [person's name] in his interpretations: The history of this life is knownand checked for the time after the flood until this very day, and never reached us in this period oftime any tidings about any man from Arabs, Persians, Turks, Indians, Romans or any others, that hassuch bravery or even being close to him (`Ali PUH) in any character of completeness.

The owner of the book called "Al-`Adasiyât" [?] mentioned that: Gabriel (PUH) said to the prophet(PUH): God sent `Ali with the prophets in secret, and sent him with you in public. His birth (`Ali PUH)was in the Holy Kaaba, which is the rock of God's shrine, as the she-camel got out from a rock andthis had never happened for any prophet or a viceroy of a prophet, and he (PUH) used to give thewisdom and knowledge for people as the she-camel used to give the people, and the reason for hiskilling is the same as this for killing the she-camel if anyone did meditate in both cases, and it is along story, and after his killing they killed his son, Al-Husain (PUH), as they (people of Sâlih) killed theweanling of the she-camel, and so on with such similarities, and this is all what we could mention inexplaining the situation of Sâlih (PUH) with his people, and may God help us.

Abraham The God's Friend (PUH)

He is the second of the major prophets and one that had general religion and laws. God did say inthe chapter of Al-Nahl: Lo! Abraham was a nation obedient to Allah, by nature upright, and he wasnot of the idolaters; Thankful for His bounties; He chose him and He guided him unto a straight path.(Al-Nahl:120-121). What is brought by some tidings about interpreting this holy phrase that he (PUH)had a religion that no one else had so he was like a nation alone, and obedient means that he wasobeying and faithful. And as reported from Al-Kâthim (PUH): In all the world save but one that wasworshipping God, and if there were someone else with him then God would add him in His saying"Abraham was a nation", and then God made for him a company and gave him Ismael and Isaac, sothey became three, and God talked to His beloved the prophet Muhammad (PUH) and ordered himto follow the religion of Abraham, and in some news from Al-Husain ben `Ali (PUH): None is followingthe path of Abraham except of us and our followers and all the people are astraying away from it.Abraham is the son of Terah (Tarah) [ Hebrew: Terach, Arabic: Târih] ben Nahor ben Serug ben Reu[Arabic: Ar`u] ben Peleg [Arabic: Fâlig] ben Eber [Arabic: `Âbir] ben Salah [Arabic: Shâlikh] benArfakhshað ben Shem ben Noah (PUT), as it is mentioned in Murooj Al-Ðahab for Al-Mas`udi andsome stories for Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr go along with such chain of fathers although there are somedifferences in four names, but such differences never harm. His birth took place in one of Kufa'svillages in Iraq that was called Kuþâr and some said it is called Fadân-Arâm (Paddan-Aram) and hisfather was one of people of this village, and the mother of Abraham and the mother of Lot weresisters and they were daughters of Lâhij and Lâhij was a prophet but not a messenger, and Abrahamgot married to Sarah and she was his maternal cousin and she owned many cattles and a largelandscape, and so then she had put all of that under the control of Abraham (PUH) and he worked ontaking care of it all, and all of that is taken from a speech for Al-Sâdiq (PUH) and it is long. It is alsomentioned that Lot was rather the nephew of Abraham (son of his brother) and there is no conflict inthat since that Terah, the father of Abraham, is the father of Hârân (Haran), the father of Lot, so thenTerah and His son Haran married two sisters and they are the daughters of Lâhij and they gave birth

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to Abraham ben Terah and Lot ben Haran (PUT) and so Lot is the maternal cousin for Abraham andhis brother's son as well, be aware and you will understand, and we've come to mention before thatSarah was the maternal cousin for Abraham and she is the sister of Lot but she was the sister of Lotby the mother and not by the father [meaning: her father is NOT Haran himself, but someone else],because Haran is the brother of Abraham and so Abraham can't get married to his brother'sdaughter, but after the death of Haran, the father of Sarah got married to her mother and she gavebirth to Sarah, so obviously, Sarah is the sister of Lot by his mother and she is the maternal cousin ofAbraham, and Lot is the nephew of Abraham and also his maternal cousin. It is reported from thebook of Barnaba that Abraham was a lad from Paddan-Aram in Iraq, and his people were pagans andhis father was a carpenter that makes idols and sell it to whoever worships them, and that Abrahamwas enlightened by God and guided by Him and knew that idols don't hear nor see, and they don'thear any call and can't answer any pray and don't harm nor give benefits, and this is also what wasmentioned in Torah, and in Holy Quran it is mentioned in the chapter of Al-Anbiyâ': And We verilygave Abraham of old his proper course, and We were Aware of him, When he said unto his fatherand his folk: What are these images unto which ye pay devotion? (Al-Anbiyâ':51-52), and in thechapter of Al-An`âm: (Remember) when Abraham said unto his father Azar: Takest thou idols forgods? Lo! I see thee and thy folk in error manifest(Al-An`âm:74), and in the chapter of Al-Sho`arâ':Recite unto them the story of Abraham, When he said unto his father and his folk: What worship ye?They said: We worship idols, and are ever devoted unto them.(Al-Sho`arâ':69-71), and also: Andforgive my father. Lo! he is of those who err(Al-Sho`arâ':86). Whoever noticed the conversationbetween Abraham and his father Azar in the holy book would see a man with great patience andpassion and no one is like him, and whenever his father steps away from him he goes to him to guidehim for he is afraid for him from the torture in the after-life, while his father Azar exaggerated withhis cruelty, but he was trying to make him happy and loved by God, but Azar was escaping away fromhim and promising him the punishment of the idols and the judgement of Nemrud. Look by the eyeof the heart to this conversation and to the passion of the friend of God and the cruelty of Azar fromthe chapter of Mariam which tells the debate between a pagan that couldn't catch happiness and aprophet and a messenger of God, Abraham (PUH), and God said in it (the chapter of Mariam): Andmake mention (O Muhammad) in the Scripture of Abraham. Lo! he was a saint, a prophet. When hesaid unto his father: O my father! Why worshippest thou that which heareth not nor seeth, nor can inaught avail thee ? O my father! Lo! there hath come unto me of knowledge that which came not untothee. So follow me, and I will lead thee on a right path. O my father! Serve not the devil. Lo! the devilis a rebel unto the Beneficent(Mariam:41-44), and his answer to him was: He said: Rejectest thou mygods, O Abraham ? If thou cease not, I shall surely stone thee. Depart from me a long while! He said:Peace be unto thee! I shall ask forgiveness of my Lord for thee. Lo! He was ever gracious untome(Mariam:46-47).

Then Abraham (PUH) disowned Azar and his deeds and did not like to live in his place and betweenhis people so he left them by an order from God to Palestine and Shaam [Shaam: Syria and thesurroundings], and Abraham was looking for guiding his father and his father promised to follow himand for this he did pray for forgiveness for his father but when he knew that he will keep onworshipping the idols and stay on the religion of his people he (Abraham) disowned him and hispeople and their worshipping, and this is testified by the chapter of Al-Tawbah: The prayer ofAbraham for the forgiveness of his father was only because of a promise he had promised him, butwhen it had become clear unto him that he (his father) was an enemy to Allah he (Abraham)

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disowned him. Lo! Abraham was soft of heart, long-suffering(Al-Tawbah:114). In the stories of Abdul-Wahab Al-Najjâr: Then Abraham did travel to Palestine as a stranger with his wife Sarah and hisnephew Lot and his wife, God did say in the chapter of Al-`Ankaboot: And Lot believed him, and said:Lo! I am a fugitive unto my Lord. Lo! He, only He, is the Mighty, the Wise(Al-`Ankaboot:26) and sothey lived there and it was the land of Canaanites and he (Abraham) lived in Shakim and it is now thecity of Nabulus but he didn't stay for long time but he kept on moving to the south as denoted bysome Toratic phrases about his journey to Egypt and to the land of Abi-Mâlik (Abimelech) [Hebrew:Abiymelek]. There is a talk that has some conflicts, and the one that quoted it is hesitated since theresources for this talk are the Torah and the Bibles mostly, and still they have some opposition andconflicts in the same resource and also between each of them, so we don't quote anything unless wemake sure it coincide with what we are sure that it is been told by the holy prophet (PUH) and theholy quran by the way of his Household the purified, or whatever is close to that by the way of otherswhich is accepted by the righteous mind and thought and logic.

Al-Mas`udi announced in Muruj Al-Ðahab [book's name: Plains of Gold], that Azar is Terah the fatherof Abraham, and what is apparent is that Azar is a character (describtion) for Terah ben Nahoraccording to him (Al-Mas`udi), so he said about it this: and when God took the soul of Nahor, his sonTerah stood after him and he is Azar the father of Abraham and at his time lived the king Nimrod..etc[in the book it is Nimrod ben Canaan, but searching in the old testament the only trace I had isNimrod ben Cush]. It is apparent that most of our brothers of Islamic scholars and historians believethat the father of Abraham was a pagan, and one of them also Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr, for this iswhat is obvious from the holy phrases. After proving that Azar is Terah ben Nahor the father ofAbraham, he (Abdul-Wahâb) mentioned some interpretations for the word "Azar" as being asubstitute for the word "father" that was mentioned in quran, or it might be a word for calling shameupon him (maybe because he stood beside falsehood and paganism) [notice: Âzar in Arabic means"he helped"], or it might mean "to restrain", and Terah is his name but Azar is a character for him oran adjective. And Al-Râzi said in his interpretation for the holy phrase "when Abraham said unto hisfather Azar"(Al-An`âm:74): what this phrase shows is that Azar is the name of Abraham's father. Andsaid Al-Zajjâj: there is no doubt that his name was Terah. And some people that have no faith madethis a point of crack in holy quran, and there are some explanations been mentioned about thismatter, one of them is that the father of Abraham (PUH) was Terah and Azar was his uncle, and theuncle could be called as "father" as it is mentioned by God in telling the story of the sons of Jacobwhen they said: We shall worship thy God, the God of thy fathers, Abraham and Ishmael andIsaac(Al-Baqarah:133), and it is well known that Ishmael was an uncle for Jacob but they called himas "father" and so it is the situation here, and then said Al-Zajjâj: the Shiites said that none of theprophet's (PUH) fathers was a pagan or a disbeliever [meaning the prophet Muhammad] and theymentioned that Azar is his (Abraham's) uncle and they got the clues for it, so then he mentioned thepoint of views and the clues in a long speech and talk and it is well known for them (Sunnites) in theircreed for whoever has the knowledge of it. One of the point of views is God's saying: Who seeth theewhen thou standest up (to pray), And (seeth) thine abasement among those who fall prostrate (inworship) (Al-Shu`arâ':218-219), meaning that his halo was moving from one to another among thosewho fall prostrate until it became to `Abdul-Muttalib [Grandfather of Muhammad PUH] and his son`Abdullah [father of Muhammad PUH] (PUH), so then it became to existance [meaning the halo wasmoving from ancestors until it became apparent by the existance of Muhammad PUH], and moreexplanations will become in the future by God's own will.

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In summary, they don't believe that his (Abraham's) father was a faithful, and accoding to their creed(Sunnites) is it not a shame and accepted for they don't believe in the condition of the infallibility andfaithfulness of the ancestors of prophets and messengers, but our scholars according to their Imams,the Household of Muhammad (PUH) don't say this, and they believe absolutely that the prophetsand messengers and their viceroys don't become to existance accept from holy and faithful andinfallible ancestors, and since this is possible as well as their assumption and God is able to do it,then why not believing in it, and how dare we say about a prophet or a messenger from God to Hiscreation or even about their viceroys that were appointed by God also, how dare we say that he is ason of a pagan or a fallible person or a wicked man, and there is more to come about this matter ifGod allowed that.

The Infallibility of God's Viceroys

It is mentioned that after giving the glad tidings for the God's friend that he will become a viceroyand a messenger and a prophet, he wished that this would be also in his descendants and asked thatfrom God, so The Wise said to him: My covenant includeth not wrong-doers(Al-Baqarah:124). Asreported from Al-Sâdiq (PUH): God took Abraham as a slave before He takes him as a prophet, andtook him as a prophet before He takes him as a messenger, and then took him as a messenger beforeHe takes him as a Friend, and He took him as a friend before He makes him a leader, so He gatheredfor him all of that He said unto him: Lo! I have appointed thee a leader for mankind(Al-Baqarah:124).Then he said (PUH): and because it was so great as seen by Abraham (PUH) he said "And of myoffspring"(Al-Baqarah:124), so then God answered him back by saying: My covenant includeth notwrong-doers(Al-Baqarah:124), and the complete holy phrase from the chapter of Al-Baqarah, Godsaid: And (remember) when his Lord tried Abraham with (His) commands, and he fulfilled them, Hesaid: Lo! I have appointed thee a leader for mankind. (Abraham) said: And of my offspring (will therebe leaders) ? He said: My covenant includeth not wrong-doers(Al-Baqarah:124) and this holy phraseassures that giving the commandments of God is done only for the infallible and the purified faithfulpeople, and although this holy phrase points out that the wrong-doer and the disbeliever do not takesuch a high place (to take the covenant) even though if it was just a period of his life, but it is alsounderstood from it that he and his ancestors must be purified and infallible as well, so whoeverbecomes and enemy for God for some time in his life can not be a prophet or a viceroy of a prophet,and from this we move to the point of saying that his fathers and ancestors are infallible and purifiedand faithful, and we don't say that a prophet or a messenger or someone that takes their place thathe is born from a pagan ancestor or father or being born of a sin, or he would be cursed for this andwould be mocked of that because it is a bad character, and God, the Exalted, does not allow badcharacters for His messengers to His creation, or it would be said that a son of a pagan or a son ofunknown father was sent to us, and they say that disbelieving is a devil, but does a devil give birthexcept for a devil? and what a colocynth would yield except a colocynth? and God is able to give toHis creation only a purified leader from purified ancestors until the end of the chain to Adam thatwas created by His hands as a holy and a purified creature and guided him, so how come He allowsthat a messenger or a viceroy that was appointed by His appointment to be a son of a pagan or thathe himself was pagan and an idol worshipper even if it was for some time, but highness is only forGod and His messenger and for the believers. And if you are in a doubt of the rule of the mind aboutthis matter for some soul sickness then we have, and thanks for God, what makes us confident andwhat makes us even more sure than before, from speeches and talks reported from the prophet

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(PUH) and his Household (PUT) as they report them from their grandfather the chosen prophet andthe owner of the holy quran and it is the ultimate prove.

It is mentioned and reported from them (PUT) that the prophet (PUH) said: I've became to existancefrom purified ancestors and purified wombs..etc, in a long speech that was some of it and with thesame meaning comes a lot from the infallible Household members. And in Ziyârat Wâriþ [a ritual or acalling famous with this name, it resembles a visit to the shrine of some holy viceroy not necessarilygoing to his shrine, might be close to the meaning of seeking a bless from a saint] for Al-Husain ben`Ali (PUT) and also others in the same way that are approved to be issued from infallible Imams, inthose ritual it is announced that their fathers are purified, and the infallible Imam from Al-Husaindescendants calls for the grandfather of Al-Husain (PUT) by saying: I testify that you were a light(halo) in the purified ancestry and the purified wombs, never touched by paganism and itsuncleanliness and never wore its darkest garments...etc, and if you looked into the famous Ziyârat Al-Jami`ah [another ritual or visit] which isensured to be issued by Al-Hâdi (PUH) and if you meditatedin its text then you would surely recognize the meaning and know that their fathers are like them,purified. You got also Al-Sâheefah Al-Sajjâdiyah [a book's name which has many rituals and wasfounded by `Ali ben Al-Husain (PUH)] which will guide you through to the truth, so from theirprayers, callings and their speeches you can get the absolute truth about this matter, and if you stillgot doubt about all of that then you have Nahj Al-Balaghah [book's name] which collects some of thespeeches for the prince of believers (`Ali ben Abi-Tâlib) (PUH) you will get from it the truth as well,and it is that all of the ancestors of all the prophets and messengers are purified and also theirviceroys as well, who are appointed by a commandment and not by voting [the author here pointsout to the main difference between the Shiite creed and the Sunnite creed, where Shiite believe in aviceroy after each prophet appointed by God, but the Sunnite believe that the prophet did notmention anything about a viceroy before his death and so the caliphate or the viceroy after his deathshould be taken by voting and this is what happened, neglecting the right of `Ali ben Abi-Tâlib (PUH)in being a viceroy and a caliphate after the death of the prophet (PUH)] And for God's saying: Theidolaters only are unclean(Al-Tawbah:28), then none of their ancestor can be one of them. For thisShiites agree that the father of Abraham (PUH) was a muslim, and so the tidings that oppose this isnot something to take or work with. But the father of Abraham is Terah and Azar was his uncle, andthe uncle can be called a father as mentioned before and he used to take care of him and he(Abraham) was in his (Azar) house as it is apparent from the holy phrases, and many clues were beengiven for this matter so we have no doubt about that, and may God help us.

The Birth of Abraham (PUH)

It is mentioned that Nimrod had an astrologer, and once he said to him (to Nimrod): I see bycalculating the positions of the stars that a man will be in your land and work on changing thereligion to some other religion than yours, so then Nimrod said to him: in what land shall that be? Sohe answered: in this land, and he is not born yet, so then Nimrod said: we must separate men andwomen, and so he did and the mother of Abraham was pregnant but her pregnancy was not of clearappearance, and when the time had come for her to give birth she said to her husband Terah: I wantto be alone and hide, and every woman at that time used to hide whenever she gets pregnant

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because of the cruel rule. Nimrod appointed a woman for every pregnant wife, so whenever shegives birth to a male he gets killed, and whenever she gives birth to a female then she is safe, somother of Abraham escaped away when it was the time for her to give birth and entered a cave faraway from people's sights and she gave birth, and she used to check him up whenever she gets thechance to, and she used to block the cave's enterance with rocks, and God took care of him andprotected him against their evils. It was mentioned that he used to grow up in one day as wouldsomeone else grow up in a month, so he stayed there in the cave for thirteen years, so when he gotold that much he got out of the cave and couldn't bear it anymore, and when his mother came hecaught her clothes and said to her: I must go out and see people, and so on until he got out with herand she said to him: if the king knew about you and you are born at this time he is going to kill you,but he didn't care and got out and then she brought him to his uncle Azar. It might be that Terahafter the birth of Abraham and while he was there in the cave, died and fate judged for his mother tobe in the house of Azar and a wife for him and she gave birth to children for him and he got alsochildren from others, and only God knows.

Abraham left the cave after the sunset and darkness was all over the place, and he knew that peopleare worshipping idols and Azar and all the people in his house except for his mother are idolators aswell, so he hated that and refused it and denied worshipping the idols. Then he saw an apparent starin the sky and it was Venus, so he said: this is my God, but when it disappeared he said: if it was myGod indeed it won't disappear, and then said: I don't love things that set. Then he looked to the eastand saw the moon so he said: this is my God, this is bigger, but when it moved and disappeared hesaid: Unless my Lord guide me, I surely shall become one of the folk who are astray. Then when itwas the morning time and the sun rose and he saw its glance and light all over earth, he then said:this is my God, it is bigger and greater, but when it moved and disappeared, God then made him tosee the throne and the kingdoms of heavens and earth and inspired him and guided him and filledhis hearth with galo and he knew that this universe has a Creator, so then he said: O my people! Lo! Iam free from all that ye associate (with Him), Lo! I have turned my face toward Him Who created theheavens and the earth, as one by nature upright, and I am not of the idolaters(Al-An`âm:78-79). Andwhen his mother brought him to her home and made a place for him between her children and hisuncle Azar knew about him he said: who is that that still alive while the king kills all the males? So hismother said: this is my son and I gave birth to him at the time of so and so. Then Azar said to her: Ifthe king knew about it he will be so mad and we'll be not in such a high place, and Azar was in fact aman of a high place under the rule of Nimrod and was his minister, and he used to give the idols forhis children to sell it. So then Abraham's mother said: do not worry, if the king did not know about ithe will stay with us and if he knew about it I will not make you to defend him, and Azar used to loveAbraham so much whenever he looks at him and used to give him the idols to sell them as hischildren do.

It is mentioned also that Abraham (PUH) used to tie a rope in the necks of the idols and drags themover the ground and say: who would buy what harms him and give no benefits, and used to dropthem in water and ask them to talk as to mock at them and as an insult for them and for whoeverworships them, so his brothers mentioned that to their father Azar and that was so great for him sohe warned him and threatened him to stop that, but he did not stop so he kept him at home anddidn't let him go out. Then the people of Abraham and his relatives had a debate with him so then hesaid: Dispute ye with me concerning Allah when He hath guided me ?(Al-An`âm:80). They mentioned(PUT) [meaning: the Household PUT] that he was born in the first day in the month of Ðul-Hijjah [the

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12th month in the lunar calendar for Muslims and the month of pilgrimage], and they say that helived for one hundred and fifty seven years and buried in his current site in Al-Khaleel (Hebron) inPalestine.

Breaking The Idols and Throwing Abraham in The Fire

It is reported from the Household (PUT) that Nimrod and all the people of his kingdom went out in afestival and Abraham hated to go out with them, so Nimrod appointed him to guard the idols house.He offered the idols food and give it to one after another and say to him: eat and talk, and when hegets no answer, and he knows that he will not get an answer and how come a non-living thing wouldanswer him, he breaks its arms and legs with an axe until all of them are broken, then he hanged theaxe over the neck of the biggest idol and it was in the middle of the place, and then when the kinggot back with his people and saw what happened to their idols they said: Who hath done this to ourgods ? Surely it must be some evil- doer(Al-Anbiyâ':59) Then they said: here is a boy that remembersthem called Abraham and he is the son of Azar, so then they brought him with his father Azar, thenNimrod said to Azar: you betrayed me and kept this boy away, then Azar said: O my king, this is thedeed of his mother and she said that she will defend for him, so then Nimrod called Abraham'smother and asked her: what made you hide this boy until he did what he did to our gods? So thenshe said: O king, this is because I care about your people, he said then: and how is that? Sheanswered: because you used to kill the kids of your people and this deed will decrease thepopulation so I thought for myself that if it was this boy he is seeking let him kill it and leave thepeople alone and if he is not the enemy of the king then he would stay for us so I see now I am rightand you got him and he is yours so do whatever you want to do with him and stop killing otherpeople's children. Then Nimrod looked at Abraham and asked: Is it thou who hast done this to ourgods, O Abraham ? He said: But this, their chief hath done it. So question them, if they can speak(Al-Anbiyâ':62-63). It is reported from Al-Sâdiq (PUH): he (Abraham) said that their chief had done it andhe did not lie because he said he had done it if only he can speak. So then Nimrod asked his peoplewhat to do with him so they told him: burn him and make a victory for our gods if you want. Al-Sâdiqsaid: the king of Abraham and his folks were not wise for they said for Nimrod burn him, but the kingof Moses and his folks were wise because when he (the king) asked his folks for what to do withMoses they told him to give him a chance with his brother and call every magician in the land, thenNimrod captivated Abraham and collected the woods and so when it was the day to throw him in thefire, Nimrod and his soldiers showed up and he built before that a building to see what will happento Abraham when he is thrown in the fire and to see how the fire would burn him and the Satancame to them and showed them how to make the catapult because no one was able to approach thefire and they were buffled how to throw him into that great flame, and birds were burnt from a farbecause of it, so then they put Abraham onto the catapult and it is said that Azar came and slappedhim and told him to get back to the religion but he did not care about it.

They mentioned that none of God's creation, except for the human beings, wouldn't ask God to saveAbraham, so the earth said: O Lord, none on my back worships You except of him, would he beburnt! And angels said: O Lord, Your friend Abraham is getting burnt. So then, God did say: if hecalled for me, I will save him. And Gabriel said: O Lord, Your friend Abraham is getting burnt and Yousent Your enemy to burn him. So then said God: Be silent, only a slave like you would say thisbecause he is afraid of being late. and he is My slave, I can take him back whenever I want to, and ifhe called Me I would answer him. So then Abraham (PUH) called his Lord by the words that are in the

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chapter of Al-Ikhlâs: O Allah (God), O The One, O The eternally besought of all, O One that begettethnot nor was begotten, O One that there is none comparable unto Him, save me from the fire by Yourmercy. The narrator said: then Gabiel met with Abraham in the air and he was put in the catapult,and said to him: do you need me O Abraham? So then Abraham answered: for you no, but for theLord of universe yes, so he (Gabriel) gave him a ring that has an engraving saying: No other godexcept for Allah, Muhammad is the prophet of Allah, Allah is before my back, Allah supports me,Allah got my life. Then when Abraham wore the ring, God commanded the fire "be coolness", sothen Abraham's teeth started to shake and chatter because of the coolness, until He said unto it "andpeace for Abraham" and then Gabriel got down and sat beside him and talking to him as if they werein a green garden. It is mentioned also that Gabriel (PUH) brought a garment from paradise and he(Abraham) wore it and then they sat together talking. This garment is given by Abraham to Isaac, andIsaac gave it to Jacob, and Jacob gave it to Joseph and he made it in his neck and so it was with him(with Joseph) when he was thrown into the well and when he got into jail , and it is the garment thatJoseph sent to his father from Egypt and made him blind no more, and this is what has been told inthe public and it is transformed and narrated in different ways. Then Nimrod looked at Abraham(PUH) and said: whoever had a god let him take a god as the one of Abraham, so then a great manthat Nimrod had said: I made magic over the fire so it won't burn him, then immediately a column offire grew and burnt him. Then Nimrod looked at Abraham while he was sitting in a green garden inthe fire with an old man talking to him, so then he said to Azar: the God of your son loves your son somuch.

They mentioned also that after God's commandment to the fire to be coolness and peace forAbraham, no fire worked on earth for three days, and it is reported from Al-Râzi that he said:scholars had different interpretations for the coolness of fire at that day in three ways, one of them isthat God removed the heat that was in the fire and only the light in it remained, and the second waysays that God created in the body of Abraham (PUH) a protection against fire, as God do to thekeepers of hell, and the third way says that God created a veil between Abraham and the fire and sothe fire was kept away. Investigators said that the first way is the most truthful since it is apparentfrom God's saying: O fire, be coolness and peace for Abraham(Al-Anbiyâ':69), it is apparent that fireitself had been cool and so there are no protection or a veil and this is the correct opinion, and asreported from the prophet (PUH) that when Abraham (PUH) was thrown into fire, Gabriel (PUH)came down with a garment from paradise and with a carpet, so he made him (Abraham) wear thegarment and lat him sit on the carpet and sat together talking. In interpretations they say that afterthrowing Abraham into the fire by Nimrod, and after he got out of it as if nothing happened to him,Nimrod said to him then: O Abraham, who is your god? He answered: my God is the One that giveslife and take it. Then said Nimrod: I give life and take it, then Abraham said to him: how come yougive life adn take it? Then Nimrod said: I bring two men that are to be executed, so I give mercy forone of them and release him and keep the other and kill him and so I gave life and took it. Then saidAbraham to him: if you were truthful then give life again to the one you killed, then he said: leavethis now, my God brings the sun from east, so bring it from west, and so Nimrod was amazed. Godsaid: Bethink thee of him who had an argument with Abraham about his Lord, because Allah hadgiven him the kingdom; how, when Abraham said: My Lord is He Who giveth life and causeth death,he answered: I give life and cause death. Abraham said: Lo! Allah causeth the sun to rise in the East,so do thou cause it to come up from the West. Thus was the disbeliever abashed. And Allah guidethnot wrongdoing folk(Al-Baqarah:258). The speech in this holy phrase was directed to our prophet

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(PUH) for God's saying "Bethink thee of him who had an argument with Abraham..etc" And theprophet himself doesn't know what is hidden in the future or destiny and only God knows, so He tellshim what happened between Abraham and the damned Nimrod, and the one that had an argumentwith Abraham was Nimrod, and he was the first man to be a tyrant and called himself a god, and ithas been told that this argument took place after throwing Abraham into the fire and being out of itwith no harm and guided by God, and Nimrod had such an argument because of his high place andbecause people followed him and God gave him the time, but he rebelled and refused because of thekingdom he had and given by God, and the kingdom here is considered to be the ornaments of lifeand a human being would rebel when he becomes a rich, and such kingdom can be given to a faithfulor a disbeliever, and Solomon ben David (PUT) was given a kingdom and power that was nothing likethem, and God never gave something similar to anyone else and he said: He said: My Lord! Forgiveme and bestow on me sovereignty such as shall not belong to any after me(Sad:35), and so God gavehim what shall not pass in the mind of anyone else and he is a prophet and a son of a prophet, andalso He had given Nebuchadnezzar and the Pharaoh of Moses a kingdom and others a lot that werebelievers or disbelievers. For the kingdom by means of owing people's order and judgement andgetting the loyalty of people that God guided, such things are not given by God except for one whoGod knows that they call for rightness and guidance and it is not to be except for a prophet or aviceroy or anyone faithful that God had chosen for His religion, and they know by the guidance ofGod what do people need in their life for religion, life matters and for the after-life. They say thatwhen Abraham said to Nimrod that God brings the sun from the east so bring it from the west,Nimrod got surprised and couldn't answer because of his surprise and he knew that Abraham got therightful clue. Nimrod could have said to Abraham let your God bring it from the west but he wasafraid from God's reply to Abraham as He saved Abraham before from the fire. When Nimrod sawthe miracles he knew that if he suggested that (bringing the sun from the west) Abraham would do itwithout a doubt and would make people believe him and in that way Nimrod would be ashamed,and God guideth not the wrongdoing folks. As reported from Ibn-`Abbâs he said that God sent amosquito to Nimrod and stung his lip, and when he tried to catch it it flied to his nose, and tried toget it out but then she got into his brain, so then God tortured him for forty nights then destroyedhim.

Getting Out From Iraq To The Land of Shem

In tidings, when Abraham broke the idols and after throwing him into the fire and getting out of itwith no harm, he (Nimrod) ordered for Abraham to be exiled out of the lands, and avoid him fromtaking his money and cattle, so then Abraham asked for judgement to be made according to theirown laws and regulations. In general he argued with them by saying: if you want to take my money,then you should give me an exchange for my life that I spent in your lands, so then they went to the

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judge of Nimrod to make a judgement about this matter, and the judge decided that Abraham wasright, so they released him and released his cattles and all of his money, so then Abraham and Lot gotout in the direction of the land of Shem (Syria and the surroundings) approaching the position of theholy shrine in Jerusalem before it had been built by many following centuries, and he made a bed forhis wife Sarah and closed it roughly for he was so jealous, and she was the daughter of his unclePethuel the brother of Terah ben Nahor, and she was the first to believe in him, and other thingsrather than this had been said as in Muruj Al-Ðahab for Al-Mas`udi, but it also mentioned as we saidbefore that she is Abraham's maternal cousin and she was the sister of Lot ben Haran.

So he went along far away from his home to some where else like a stranger, he did not know anyoneand no one invited him to his land, so he travelled until he was out of Nimrod's kingdom until he gotinto the kingdom of a coptic man called `Urârah [maybe the author used "coptic" here as a generalname for egyptians, the coming story is similar to the one mentioned in the chapter of Genesis inTorah, but the name of the Pharaoh is not mentioned in Torah], then he passed by a tithe-gathererthat takes tithes from people passing by his lands, so he blocked the way of Abraham to take thetithes of his money and cattles, so the officer that was appointed from `Urârah said: open the tomb(or the palaquin which had his wife Sarah in it) to take the tithes of it, so then Abraham said: saywhatever you think it is there and ask for whatever you want of gold and silver to give you the tithesof it and don't open it. But the tithe-gatherer denied that and insisted on opening the palaquin andhe did, and Abraham became so angry because he was so jealous and afraid for his wife Sarah, andwhen the tithe-gatherer looked at Sarah, and she was pretty, he said: who is she? and what is herrelation to you? So then Abraham said: she is my wife and my cousin. Then the officer said: I won'tlet you go until I tell the king about you and her. Then he sent a messenger to the king and told himeverything happened, and when the tidings reached the king he ordered the palaquin to be broughtto him with what it had, and so they took the palaquin and Abraham went with them and never leftthe palaquin, and when they reached the king, the king said: open the palaquin, then Abrahamanswered: my wife and my cousin is inside and I am ready to give everything I have for not openingit, but the king was not satisfied until they opened it. When they opened it and he looked into Sarahhe couldn't hold himself and extended his hand trying to touch her, and Abraham then turned hisface away for his jealousy and said: O God keep his hand away from my wife and my cousin, and sohis hand didn't reach her and didn't get back to him (it is understood from this line that his hand wasparalysed) Then said the king: your God did that to me? So said Abraham: yes, then he said: pray tohim to get it back to me, and if it was back to me I will leave you alone. So then Abraham prayed toGod and so his hand got back to him, but the king looked at her again and extended his hand toreach her and Abraham turned his face away and said: O God keep his hand away, and so his handwas paralysed and couldn't reach her, so then the king said to Abraham: your God is jealous and youare jealous as well so call your God to let my hand back to me, and if it was so I will not do it again.Then said Abraham: O God if he wastruthful let it back to him, and so it was, and when the king sawthat Abraham grew so great for him and made him his guest and then said to him: go to whereveryou want but I have a request, and that is to allow me to give her (Sarah) a pretty coptic maid that Ihave and she is intelligent and I want her to be as a servant for your wife, and so Abraham allowedthat, and so the king gave her to Sarah, and she was Hagar the mother of Ishmael (PUH).

Then Abraham got out with all what he had and the king went out with him and walked behindAbraham for his greatness but Abraham refused this and didn't accept that the king would walkbehind him and so he made him in the front and Abraham walked behind him and he said: my God

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ordered me to walk behind you and respect you for your highness and so then the coptic king said: Iswear that your God is Clement and Generous, and you make your religion beloved by me, and thenthe king said farewells to him, and then Abraham went along until he reached the upper parts ofShem's lands and left Lot in the lower parts of them, and God did say about this: And We rescuedhim and Lot (and brought them) to the land which We have blessed for (all) peoples(Al-Anbiyâ':71)and it is the lands of Shem and Palestine because God had destined them to be the homelands forprophets and the lands of their tombs after Abraham (PUH), and then when Abraham recognizedthat he did not have any children from Sarah, he said to her: if you like, you can let me have Hagar asa wife, maybe God will give me a son from her and he would be as a son for us as well, so he paid thedowry for Sarah and took Hagar as a wife and she gave birth to Ishmael (PUH), and more to comeabout that later on.

The Books of Abraham (PUH) and Some of What Was Revealed By God to Him

God had revealed for Abraham twenty books as reported from the prophet (PUH), and he (theprophet) was asked about their contents so he said: they were all proverbs and it had: O you egoistking of many troubles, I did not send you to gather earth all together, but I sent you to answer thecalls of the wronged, for I do answer his calls even if he was a disbeliever, and every man of thoughtunless he was sick, he got three hours a day, an hour for his God, and an hour to judge himself, andan hour to think about God's deeds to him, and one more hour for him to take what he likes by waysthat God did allow,for this hour helps him to accomplish the other hours. The man of thought shouldlive for three: to make a living, to get prepared for his after-life, or to get satisfied in ways that Godallowed. Then a man asked the prophet (PUH): and what was there in the books of Moses (PUH)?, he(PUH) answered: they were all examples (lessons) and they contained: I am amazed for the one whois certain of death, how come he becomes happy? And for whoever is certain of hell and fire, howcome he laughs? And whoever sees this life and its fluctuations how come he is certain of safety?And for whoever that believes in destiny how come he runs after wealth and riches? And forwhoever that is certain of the judgement, why he doesn't work for that day?...etc.

Some tidings about the interpretation of God's saying: Thus did We show Abraham the kingdom ofthe heavens and the earth(Al-An`âm:75) as reported from Al-Bâqir (PUH) a speech that has themeaning of that God gave Abraham a strength in his sight to see what is beyond heavens so he sawthe Throne and whats beyond it and saw the earth and what was beneath it, and so God did with hisbeloved the prophet (PUH) and the viceroys after him from his Household (PUH). In some othertidings that Abraham (PUH) saw an angel so he asked: who are you? He answered: I am the angel ofdeath, so then Abraham said to him: can you show me in what shape do you take the soul of afaithful man? Then said the angel of death: turn your face to the other way, and so did Abraham andthen he looked back again at him and he saw a young man with a nice shape and beautfil clothes andwith good scent, then said Abraham: if the faithful man idn't see in his life except your shape then hehad what he desires in this life, then he said to him: can you show me how your shape would be ifyou're going to take the soul of a disbeliever? So he answered: you won't bear it, but Abraham said:yes I d, and so the angel said: then turn your face away from me and so he did and looked back athim and then he saw a blackman with standing hair and an awful smell with black clothes and flameswith smokes going out from his mouth and nose, so when Abraham saw this he went into a coma,and then he woke up and saw the angel back again to his original shape so he said to the angel: Oangel of death if the disbeliever just saw your shape he would stop doing wrongdoings in his life. It is

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reported from Al-Sâdiq (PUH) back from the prince of believers (PUH) that he said: when Godwanted to take the soul of Abraham (PUH) He sent down the angel of death and he said to him:Peace upon you Abraham, he then answered: and peace upon you O angel of death, did you come tome as an inviter or to announce my death? So he answered: but as an announcer for your death OAbraham so answer the call, then he said: O angel of death did you see a friend that makes death tohis friend? So then the angel of death got back until he stood between the hands of God, the Exaltedand said: O God You heard the talk of Your friend Abraham, so then God did say: O angel of death goback to him and ask him: did you ever saw a lover than don't want to see his love? The great scholarAl-Sayid Ne`matullah Al-Jazâ'iri, the one who mentioned this story, said: inviter here is meant to beas for someone asking and giving the choices as if someone is inviting some guests, and a deathannouncer is meant to be as someone getting what he desires by force. So when Abraham (PUH)knew that he has the choice, he asked for life to worship God more.

We say yes, and such thing would be done by a man like Abraham (PUH) naturally, and it is possiblethat he had done such a thing as if he couldn't imagine the situation and got afraid of moving fromone world to another and there is the grave and the loneliness and judgement, did you not thinkabout the saying of our prophet (PUH) and his Household (PUT): Whenever a faithful increase in hisfaith, the more fearful he becomes for God? There are certain tidings and speeches of certain originand all agreed on their contents that denotes that a believer is in between fear and hope from Godas the hands of a balance. Every prophet is scared to the maximum of God and at the same time hehas the maximum hope and faith in His mercy. In tidings it is mentioned that when Al-Bâqir (PUH) atthe time of his death cried, and then his son, Al-Sâdiq (PUH), said to him: O father why are youcrying? So he answered him: for two things, the first is for leaving the beloved and the second is forthe greatness and holiness of this situation. Then the most apparent clue for this matter, look to thepray of Abi-Hamza Al-Þumâli, and it is the pray of `Ali ben Al-Husain (PUH). Whoever investigated thelives of prophets and viceroys and their followers he would be sure of what we've mentioned and Ithink that Abraham refused to move from this life to the after-life because the situation was so holyand great for him, and if he was to live all the age of life itself he would spend it as a worshipper andobeying God without a doubt. Yes, Al-Husain ben `Ali (PUH) at the day of Karbala at the time of hisdeath and when Al-Shemer ben Ði Al-Jawshan sat over his holy chest, he (PUH) was smiling and thehalo filled his face, and he did not care about what they did to him beside raising the truth andshowing the true and the false. Can you imagine how the angel of death faced him? I think he wascrying as well. Shiites after his death kept saying as reported to him (PUH): If the religion ofMuhammad won't be fixed except by killing me Then O swords come and take me Yes some tidingssay that Abraham made a pilgrimage to the Holy House at the end of his life, and after the pilgrimagehe went back to the lands of Shem, and then the angel of death came to him to take his soul butAbraham hated death, so the angel of death got back to his Lord and said: Abraham hated death, soGod then said to him: let go of Abraham, he likes to worship me. Then he (Abraham) saw an old maneating and vomitting whatever he eats, so then Abraham hated life and loved death, then he wentinto his home and saw a man with a good shape that he never saw something like it before, so heasked him: who are you? He answered: I am the angel of death, so then he said: O Holy Lord! Whohates your closeness and visiting you and you are in such a shape? So he answered: O friend of God,if God wanted goodness for His slave, He sends me in this shape, and if He wants evil for His slave, Hesends me in another shape, and so he took his soul in the lands of Shem where his tomb lies now.

Taking Ishmael (PUH) and His Mother Hagar to The Holy House

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<>It is mentioned that Abraham used to live in the deserts of the lands of Shem, then when he wasgiven Ishmael (PUH) from Hagar, theit matter became so heavy on Sarah and she had been sad forthis since she didn't have any children, so Abraham complaint about this to God, so then Godinspired unto him and ordered him to move Ishmael and his mother away from her, so then he said:O God where to? and to what place? So He said: to My place. Then God got down Gabriel with Al-Burâq [Al-Burâq: in Islamic believes, it is a heavenly creature created of light and by which theprophet Muhammad (PUH) was able to travel to Jerusalem and then to heavens in one night. Tidingsabout this event are mentioned in the beginning of the chapter of Al-Isrâ', which means "The NightJourney"], so it carried them with Hagar to the place of God, and Abraham used to say wheneverthey pass by a place with trees palms , used to say t Gabriel: O Gabriel in here? And he answeres himback: go ahead, until they reached Mecca and put them in the place of the House (Kaaba), so whenthey settled down in that place there were some trees there and so Hagar and the others sat in theshadow of one of them, and when Abraham wanted to leave Hagar said to him: O Abraham, aregoing to leave us in a place that has no one around nor water or plants? So then said Abraham: theOne that ordered me to put you here will be enough for you, and then he left them, but beforeleaving that spot he turned his face towards them and said to God as it is mentioned in quran: OurLord! Lo! I have settled some of my posterity in an uncultivable valley near unto Thy holy House, ourLord! that they may establish proper worship; so incline some hearts of men that they may yearntoward them, and provide Thou them with fruits in order that they may be thankful(Ibrahim:37).Then Hagar stayed with her son Ishmael (PUH), and when it was noon time, Ishmael became thirstyand asked for water from his mother, so then Hagar wandered in the valley and called: is thereanyone in the valley? Then Ishmael disappeared, then she went over Al-Safâ [Mountain's name] andshe saw a mirage in the valley and she thought it was water so she came down and approached it, sowhen she reached Al-Marwâ [the name of the passage in the valley] then Ishmael disappeared fromher sight and then she saw a mirage in the position of Al-Safâ, and so on she did that for seven times,and on the seventh time and while she was on Al-Marwâ she looked to Ishmael (PUH) and waterappeared under his feet, so she came back to him and gathered the sand around it because it wasflowing and so she tightened the flow by gathering the sand around it and that is why it is calledZamzam [Arabic: Zam = tightened, strengthened. Literature]. The tribe of Jorhom at that time weresettling in `Arafât [another mountain], so when the water appeared in Mecca and the birds and therest of animals started to dwell around it they knew that there is some water and they followedthem, until then they saw a woman and a boy settlled there under a tree and water appeared forboth of them, so they said to Hagar: who are you and what is wrong with you and with this boy? Soshe said: I am the mother of the son of Abraham the friend of God and this is his son, so they said toher: do you allow us to be near you? So then she took the permission from Abraham because heused to visit them by any chance he had, so then Abraham allowed them and the tribe of Jorhomsettled down near them, thus Hagar and Ishmael didn't stay alone, and on the third time whenAbraham checked them and saw many people around them he turned to be so glad for this. ThenIshmael grew up and every member of Jorhom's tribe gave them some camels and they used tomake a living by them, and then when Ishmael turned to be a man, God ordered Abraham to buildthe House, so he asked: O God in which spot? So He answered back: in the spot that I revealed thedome over Adam, and the dome remained there even at the time of the flood at the time of Noah(PUH) and when the whole earth was sunk down, God uplifted this dome and so she was called theSaved House because it was saved from sinking [Saved House, in Arabic: Al-Bayt Al-`Ateeq].

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Building The Holy House

When God ordered Abraham to build the House, he did not know where to make it, so then God sentGabriel (PUH) and he planned the position of the House, then God revealed the basis from paradise,and the stone that God revealed on Adam was whiter than snow but turned to be black whendisbelievers touched it, so then Abraham built the House and Ishmael moved the stones for buildingfrom Ði-Tiwâ [seems a place name] (and in some other tales from the mount of Abi-Qobays) so hemade it as high as nine cubits, then Gabriel (PUH) guided Abraham to the position of the Stone andso he got it out and placed it in his current position as today, and he made two doors for it, one tothe east and another to the west, and the door to the west is called Al-Mostajâr. When he built it andfinished it all, Abraham and Ishmael made a pilgrimage, and Gabriel (PUH) came down for them atthe day of Al-Tarwiyah [meaning: day of giving water] and ordered them to give water and theycarried it to `Arafât and Minâ [a place name] because there were no waters in those spots, thenAbraham said what was mentioned in quran: And when Abraham prayed: My Lord! Make this aregion of security and bestow upon its people fruits, such of them as believe in Allah and the LastDay, He answered: As for him who disbelieveth, I shall leave him in contentment for a while, then Ishall compel him to the doom of Fire - a hapless journey's end!(Al-Baqarah:126).

In some tidings, the stone that have to be thrown in pilgrimage season are counted as seven for thatwhen Gabriel (PUH) showed Abraham how to do the pilgrimage, the Satan appeared or him and thenGabriel (PUH) commanded Abraham to throw at him, and so he did with seven stones (bebbles), andso he (Satan) went under the ground and so Abraham stopped. Then the Damned appeared againand Abraham threw at him another seven stones and he went back again under the ground. Thenthe Damned appeared for the third time and Abraham threw at him seven stones and the Damnedwent again under the ground. Other tidings say that after the commandments of God for Abrahamand Ishmael about building the Holy House, and after they had finished it, God ordered him(Abraham) to get on one corner and call on people: O come to pilgrimage. If he had said: O peoplecome to pilgrimage, then only human beings that were created at that time would answer his calls,but he said "O come to pilgrimage" and so people in the core of men [meaning: people that are yetnot born] answered the call, and whoever answered ten times he made pilgrimages for ten timesand whoever answered five times then he made pilgrimage for five times and so on. Scholars differabout the exact meaning of the previous tale and about the difference in calling in singular form andplural form, and that the calling in a singular form is more general and includes the already existantwith the ones that will be existant, but plural form would include only the existant beings only. [Somelines come here with a heavy philosophical concepts that I couldn't follow or translate, but itemphasizes that Abraham called not only existant people at that time but also beings that will befounded later on]. In other tidings, when God ordered Abraham (PUH) to call on the people forpilgrimage, he stood upon the place and he became as high as Abi-Qubays [mount#s name] and sothen he called on for pilgrimage and for that people in the cores of men and womns of women heardhim until the doomsday arrival. Another tale says that at the day of `Arafah and after the sunset,Gabriel went out with Abraham and said to him: O Abraham coness your wrongdoings and knowyour rituals, and for this it was called `Arafât, because of Gbariel's saying "confess" and "know"[Arabic: confess: E`tarif (imp.), know: E`raf (imp.)], and there stayed Gabriel until the sunset (again)and then he went to Al-Mozdalifah [another spot's name].

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Some historians said that when Abraham left Ishmael and his mother Hagar in the valley whereMecca lies now, Abraham used to visit them from time to time and at the end God commanded themto build the House, and so they did and built the House and when they were finished Godcommanded Abraham to tell people that he built a House for worshipping God and they have to visitit to do their rituals, and Abraham with Ishmael asked God then to show them how to do the ritualsand so He sent Gabriel (PUH) and he taught them what to do. They say that after building the HolyHouse in Mecca, no buildings were built except before Islam by one hundred and fifty years in thesecond century before Islam and then the action of building took place and that was at the time ofQosay ben Kilâb, the fourth grandfather for the prophet (PUH), and the first thing he built was Dâr Al-Nadwâ for Quraysh [Quraysh is the main tribe that lived in Mecca and for which the prophet (PUH)belongs, the buildings name suggests that it was like a parliament place], and then they startedbuilding houses around the Holy House and before it was an empty space with no plants or buildings,and they said that nothing is planted there except for the desert plants that have no fruit.

Some Sentences About Sarah The Wife of Abraham As Told By Historians

Some historians gave some pictures about Abraham and his wife Sarah and what happened betweenher and Hagar with her son Ishmael (PUT) and about the reasons for Hagar and her son Ishmaeltravelling to Fârân (Paran) as in Torah, and Paran is a name given to some locations of which Mecca'smounts are one of them, and lot of these are not suitable for such a high place of prophecy andunjust, and even can not be commited by a conscious man and some of them are not right at all, butit has lot of exaggeration as mentioned in the book of Genesis in Torah, and most of such pictures aretaken from jews and it has such matters that they report to Sarah the wife of Abraham (PUH) but itopposes the dignity and nobleness, and there is no doubt that for Muslims, Sarah is considered oneof the best of women, and she is attached to the degree of infallibility, and for the prophet and hisHousehold (PUT) she occupies a high leve, and for them she is like Eve the mother of human beingsand like Mary the daughter of Amram (PUT), so she is a lady of her time and faithful souls do notaccept to report about her and other women untrue things. They mentioned that when Sarah sawthe son of Hagar that she gave birth to from Abraham, she said then to Abraham: banish this maidand her son for this maid's son will not inherit with my son Isaac, and they said: then God said toAbraham: Whatever Sarah says do. They say also: So Abraham went in the early morning and tookwith him bread and water and gave them to Hagar then she put them on her shoulder and her sonwith her, then he banished her with her son and she went along in the deserts lost and did not knowwhere to go. They said a lot of such tidings and legends, but what we can say for the press thatprinted such lies and what we can say for its owner, but no strength except by God, the Exalted.

Yes, in Al-Bukhâri [Hadith collection made by Al-Bukhâri after the prophet's death] as reported by Ibn`Abbâs that the prophet (PUH) said in a speech that minds can accept and souls can refuge in, andsome of it is that Abraham braught her (Hagar) with her son Ishmael and he was still an infant and he(Abraham) placed them near by the House over the location of Zamzam, and at that time there wereno one in Mecca nor water, so he just put them there and gave them dates and water, then Abrahamwent back from where he came then the mother of Ishmael followed him and said: O Abrahamwhere are you going and leaving us in this valley with no one alive or anything? She said that manytimes but he did not look at her, then she asked: God ordered you to do this? He said: yes, then shesaid: then we are not lost. Then she got back and Abraham went along until he reached a positionthat they can't see him, he faced the House and prayed with these words and raised his hands up to

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heaven and said: Our Lord! Lo! I have settled some of my posterity in an uncultivable valley nearunto Thy holy House..etc(Ibrâhim:37), then the mother of Ishmael started breast feeding for Ishmaeland drink of that water until it was all finished and she got thirsty and also her son and then shelooked at him and saw him crooked so she hated that view and went along and she found Al-Safâ soshe went to the top and looked at the valley that she might find someone but she did not, so shewent down into the valley with so much tiredness until she passed the valley and came to Al-Marwâand she went on top of it looking for someone, but she did not find anyone, and so she did that forseven times. He (Al-Bukhâari) said: said Ibn `Abbâs: the prophet (PUH) said: that is why people nowwalk between them for seven times [during the pilgrimage] then went she went to Al-Marwâ sheheard a sound and she said: Shh! She then paid attention and she heard it clearly then she said:You've been heard, do you have any aid? Then she found an angel searching in the location ofZamzam by his feet (or by his wing) until the water appeared, so she started gathering the water. He(Al-Bukhâri) said: said Ibn `Abbâs: the prophet (PUH) said: Mercy be upon the mother of Ishmael, ifshe did not take of the water then Zamzam would be a drying-out spring, then the angel said to her:do not be afraid of the place, here is the House of God which will be built by this boy and his father,and God will never make his people astray, and the speech about this matter is long and we've justtaken what is in front of you, and it is close to rightness, and not so different from what Imamismsuppose, notice and only God knows. In the same speech it is mentioned: Until Jorhom tribe cameand lived with them for ages, and it is as an answer from God to Abraham, and so God made lot ofpeople go to them like Jorhom and the Giants (?), and when Ishmael grew up and married from themand been an owner for lot of cattles and riches, then after that he built the House with his holyhands with his father Abraham (PUT), then the mother of Ishmael died (PUH) and he son buried herbeside the Holy House and it is the place called now Hajar Ismâ`eel [meaning: The stone of Ishmael],and after his death he was buried also there beside his mother, and this is the most probable wecould find by ways we've mentioned afore, and this is the most famous for them [I guess he meansby "them" Sunni people] and it is the most suitable for their high level (Abraham and his Household),and only God knows what was hidden.

Chapters and Phrases That Mentioned Abraham (PUH)

Abraham (PUH) was mentioned in twenty five chapters in holy quran: Al-Baqarah, Âl-`Imrân, Al-Nisâ',Al-An`âm, Al-Tawbah, Hud, Yusuf, Ibrâhim, Al-Hijr, Al-Nahal, Mariam, Al-Anbiyâ', Al-Haj, Al-Shu`arâ',Al-`Ankabut, Al-Ahzâb, Al-Sâffât, Sâd, Al-Shurâ, Al-Zokhrof, Al-Ðâriyât, Al-Najm, Al-Hadeed, Al-Momtahanah, Al-A`lâ. In the chapter of Al-Baqarah, the Exalted says: And when Abraham andIshmael were raising the foundations of the House, (Abraham prayed): Our Lord! Accept from us (thisduty). Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Hearer, the Knower. Our Lord! And make us submissive unto Theeand of our seed a nation submissive unto Thee, and show us our ways of worship, and relent toward

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us. Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Relenting, the Merciful(Al-Baqarah:127-128) In the chapter of Âl-`Imrân: Lo! the first Sanctuary appointed for mankind was that at Becca, a blessed place, a guidanceto the peoples(Âl-`Imrân:96). In the chapter of Ibrâhim: And when Abraham said: My Lord! Makesafe this territory, and preserve me and my sons from serving idols(Ibrâhim:35). In the chapter of Al-Haj: And (remember) when We prepared for Abraham the place of the (holy) House, saying: Ascribethou no thing as partner unto Me, and purify My House for those who make the round (thereof) andthose who stand and those who bow and make prostration(Al-Haj:26), so follow (read) and notice(think). We've pointed out that the story of Abraham (PUH) is connected to other stories like thestory of Lot, and the story of his son Ishmael and the story of his son Isaac, and we've mentionedthat Lot was his maternal cousin and also his nephew and they were in the same time sequence,and Lot believed in his uncle Abraham and so he was calling people to his religion. The Exalted said:And Lot believed him, and said: Lo! I am a fugitive unto my Lord(Al-`Ankabut:26). They say thatIshmael was born when Abraham was eighty six years old, and Abraham lived for one hundred andseventy five years, while Isaac was born while Abraham was one hundred years old and his motheris Sarah the maternal cousin of Abraham. They say that Abraham (PUH) got another six children fromother woman other than Sarah and Hagar, but quran did not mention apparently except ishmael andIsaac. Torah mentioned that Abraham married a woman called Keturah [Arabic: Qaturah] and shegave birth for six children for him, and it mentioned their names but there is no need to mentionthem now because it has no effects. In Muruj Al-Ðahab for Al-Mas`udi he said: After Sarah's death,Abraham married Qanturâ' [just another variation of the name] and he had six children from her andthey are Marq, Nafas, Madan, Midian, Sinân and Sereh [Hebrew: Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian,Ishbak, Shuah].

Lot was mentioned in fourteen chapters in holy quran: Al-An`âm, Al-A`râf, Hud, Al-Hijr, AL-Anbiyâ', Al-Haj, Al-Shu`arâ', Al-Naml, Al-`Ankabut, Al-Sâffât, Sâd, Al-Qamar, Al-Tahreem. Isaac was mentioned ineight chapters: Al-Baqarah, Âl-`Imrân, Al-Nisâ', Al-An`âm, Ibrâhim, Mariam, Al-Anbiyâ', Sâd. Theirstories are mentioned in quran either in details or in brief, sometimes mentioning only some of theirmatters, and in some others more than that, and most of the prophets and viceroys are mentioned inthat way. They mentioned that Ishmael lived for one hundred and thirty seven years, and we'vementioned that he died in Mecca and been buried there in the place that is known as Hajar Isma`eel,that is the one located near by the Holy house, with his mother, and this is the most popular. It ismentioned that Ishmael had twelve sons, and some of them are: Hadâr, Tayyim, Mibsâm, Dawmah,Qidmah and Qaydâr, and they are mentioned in Genesis in Torah [The full list of names in Torah is:Nebaioth, Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam, Mishma, Dumah, Massa, Hadad, Temah, Jetur, Naphish,Kedemah], and they mentioned that all of them started tribes of their own, and only God knows.Until now we did not find a specific way of how Abraham died and quran did not mention how, butTorah mentioned that. In summary, Abraham (PUH) lived for one hundred and seventy five years. InMuruj Al-Ðahab for Al-Mas`udi: Abraham died in the lands of Shem, and his age was at that time onehundred and ninty five years, and God revealed upon him ten books. When he died, his sons Isaacand Ishmael in the cave of Al-Makfeelah in the field of `Afroon ben Sarsar Al-Hashi, and there Sarahwas buried before him, and it is the place of the monument of Al-Khaleel in Jirun and now it is calledthe city of Al-Khaleel (Hebron), and its old name was the village of Arbo` as it is mentioned in thetales of Abul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr.

The Trial of Abraham (PUH) to Slay His Son Ishmael (PUH)

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In the chapter of Al-Sâffât there are some phrases that talk about Abraham (PUH) and his prays to hisLord and his requests for guidance and the faithful descendants. Then God answered his calls andprays and gave him what he desired and gave him a faithful servant (son) but He put him under thetest to show people how sincere he is to his Creator, the Exalted said: So We gave him tidings of agentle son. And when (his son) was old enough to walk with him, (Abraham) said: O my dear son, Ihave seen in a dream that I must sacrifice thee. So look, what thinkest thou ? He said: O my father!Do that which thou art commanded. Allah willing, thou shalt find me of the steadfast (Al-Sâffât:101-102). So the gentle son had nothing but to obey with happiness and sincere desire thecommandments of God, and His messenger. We have no doubt that everything a prophet, amessenger, or a viceroy would do or avoid is decided by God, and his deeds are done only by what isallowed and what gives benefits, however people liked it or not. Then, the duties that are assignedby God for people are not transfered except by prophets of human beings, and so for this infallibilityis granted for them. We've pointed out before that a prophet or a messenger and their voiceroysmust be described with the highest of manners and so they should not be asked or opposed for whatthey are doing. For this, Ishmael did not refuse or deny what his father asked him for his mannersand infallibility and he knew what would happen and said to his father: O my father! Do that whichthou art commanded. Allah willing, thou shalt find me of the steadfast.When Abraham was about todo what he was commanded, and Ishmael had no opposition, and God knows their faith and theirbelief, and God then told them that it was His command to do so as to test them and gave them aransom, and the Exalted said: We called unto him: O Abraham! Thou hast already fulfilled the vision.Lo! thus do We reward the good.Lo! that verily was a clear test.Then We ransomed him with atremendous victim(Al-Sâffât:104-107).

Scholars differed in the one that had been ransomed for , some said it is Isaac ben Abraham, and thisopinion is favored by many muslim scholars, while Imamite scholars agreed that the one ransomedfor was Ishmael ben Abraham (PUT). Al-Mas`udi said: people argued about who was to beransomed for , some said he is Isaac and others say he is Ishmael , and if the commandments tookplace in the land of Hijâz, then Ishmael is the one because Isaac did not go to Hijâz before, but if thecommandment took place in the lands of Shem, then Isaac is the one, because Ishmael did not gothe lands of Shem after getting out of it. We say that tidings from the Household (PUT) beenreported that their grandfather the prophet (PUH) said: I am the son of the two ransomed for, andthey interpret this saying by saying that these two are his father `Abdullah ben `Abd Al-Muttalib, andhis grand grandfather Ishmael (PUH), and they mentioned other things about their details. Maybethe source of such debate is that quran did not mention the name of the one that was ransomed for,but it is obvious for anyone that meditated in the holy phrases from the chapter of Al-Sâffât that heis Ishmael (PUH) by clues that are so clear and no way to interpret them, go through their order andyou will get the exact situation. After telling the story of the event and God's rewards to Abraham bysaying: Lo! he is one of Our believing slaves(Al-Sâffât:111), then after that comes the happy tidings toAbraham from God about Isaac and letting him to be a faithful prophet later on, so God said: And wegave him tidings of the birth of Isaac, a prophet of the righteous. And We blessed him and Isaac. Andof their seed are some who do good, and some who plainly wrong themselves(Al-Sâffât:112-113).Then the tidings about Isaac came after telling the story of the dream of Abraham, and this is a greatclue for that the son meniotned is not Isaac, because telling the name of Isaac gives an obvious cluethat Isaac and the one that was ransomed for are different apparently. Saying "And we gave himtidings of the birth of Isaac" and it is connected by "and" to the person in the previous story, then for

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sure it is not Isaac and it is Ishmael without a doubt. Abdul Wahâb in his tales said: The maincharacter in this story for jews in Torah is Isaac, then he said: and I think that the name of Isaac wasput in(by them) between the lines of the story for they are cautious and careful to make theirgrandfather is the one that gave his life for God since his childhood, then he said: and my clue thatthe one who sacrified himself for God is Ishmael is derived from Torah itself when it comes tomention that the child is the only child for Abraham that he has no one else except him and it is aclue for Abraham's ultimate faith in God, so much that he gave his only child to sacrify with, but if weconsidered Isaac we see that he was never alone because he was born and Ishmael was fourteenyears old as it is mentioned in Torah itself also and Ishmael stayed until the death of his father and hewas near him when he died and buried him. We say that this is a strong prove and the truth is whathad been said (by Abdul-Wahâb) and he has many correct opinions.

They say that when he was to be sacrified with, he was thirteen years old and it is the age of anadult, and he had became able to do what his father can do and he had to help him and work forGod and worship Him, and he reached the ultimate level of thought and sense, so this is why heobeyed the commandment of God with his father. When his father laid him on the ground on his sideto slay him and God knew how sincere they are, and both of them decided to and showed the deedin public, and when they reached the level of doing, God showed the secret for what they werecommanded to do so, and that He did not desire the deed itself but it is a test and thus God gave theransom, so God said "Then We ransomed him with a tremendous victim" and they say it was a greatram, and as reported by Ibn `Abbâs, it is the same ram that God accepted from Abel, and for saying"tremendous victim" it is because it (the ram) grazed in paradise for fourty years. From theinterparetations of `Ali ben Ibrâhim in a long speech attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) which included thatwhen Ishmael gave hisself to be sacrified with and when Abraham wanted to slay him, and old mancame and said: O Abraham, what do you want from this boy? He answered: I want to slay him, so hesaid: O God, a boy that never did wrong to God, so said Abraham: God ordered me to do so, so heanswered: God denies this but it is something from Satan, then said Abraham: woe unto you! TheOne who made me reach this high level ordered me to do so, then the old man said: O Abraham youare a great man and people follow you and if you killed your son now they will follow you by killingtheir children, but he did not answer him and he asked his son about slaying him, and when allsurrended to the commandments of God, the boy said: O father, tie me and cover my face, so thensaid Abraham: O son, the tie and the slay? No I sweat that I will not do them to you, then he laid himand put the knife over his neck and lifted his head to the sky and ran the knife over his neck, butGabriel flipped the knife and pulled the great ram and made him in the place of the boy, then he(Abraham) was called from the side of the mosque "Thou hast already fulfilled the vision. Lo! thus doWe reward the good."It is mentioned also that he said to his father: slay me while i am prostrating soyou won't see my face and have mercy on me, it is also mentioned that he said: tie me tightly fatherso I won't become nervous and keep your clothes away from me so that my blood shall not reachthem and then my mother would see it and sharpen your knife and run it fast on my neck to make iteasier for me because death is hard, then Abraham said: What a help you are for God'scommandment. In some tidings it is included that God inspired unto Abraham and He knows what isin the mind afore: what creation is beloved to you more than anything else? He answered: Yourbeloved Muhammad, for You did not create a creation that is more beloved to me than him, so godsaid then: is he beloved more than yourself? So said Abraham: he is beloved more than myself, thenGod said: are his children beloved to you more than your own children? He said: his children are, so

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God said then: is killing his children by their enemies more hurtful to your heart or killing your ownson for My commandments? He answered: It is killing his children bytheir enemies that is morehurtful to my heart, then God said: O Abraham, there will be a group that claim to be followers forMuhammad, they will kill Al-Husain after him for no rights and they will slay him as for slaying a ramand thus they will deserve My anger, then Abraham got shocked and so sad and started crying. Thereare many tales and speeches about this matter but we did not come to mention them for it might beso boring.

There are also some tidings that mention the prophets' stops in Karbala before the massacre andtheir passing through the location of death of Al-Husain ben `Ali and the son of Fâtima the daughterof the prophet (PUT), and their crying for him after telling them about his trouble and the massacreby Gabriel (PUH). Such tidings were told by Gabriel to every messenger and prophet since the time ofAdam (PUH) until the time of Jesus ben Mary (PUH) and all of them used to cry and have pains for it.[some lines come here but add nothing to the matter and complicated somehow to translate].

A Completion With The Ancestry of The Prophet (PUH)

We've pointed out before that it is true what the prophet said about hisself "I am the son of the twowhom ransomed for" and it is interpreted by trustful companions for the prophet (PUH) and by hisHousehold (PUT) that it points out to his fathers `Abdullah ben `Bd Al-Muttalib and Ishmael benAbraham (PUT), and one of the tidings about this matter is what is attributed to Al-Ridhâ (PUH) afterasking him about this saying, he said: meaning he (the prophet) is the son of Ishmael ben Abrahamand `Abdullah ben `Abd Al-Muttalib, and for Ishmael he is the son that was mentioned in quran, andwhen he was about to be slain God sent a ransom for him which iwas a great ram, grey in color,[some describtion here I could not understand] and used to live before that in paradise for fortyyears and it did not get out of a female, and everything that is sacrified with in Minâ until this veryday [in pilgrimage] is for Ishmael until the doomsday. [another describtion follow which I can notunderstand fully]. Then after that he (PUH) mentioned the story of `Abdullah ben `Abd Al-Muttalib(PUH)..etc. So, no doubt that Ishmael ben Abraham is a father for the prophet (PUH) and hisHousehold (PUT), and if Ishmael was slain then all of this holy tree (chain) would have been lost, andthey are the secret of existance and the reason for finding this creation, No doubt that the prophet(PUH) and his Household (PUT) after him are the leaders of this creation and better than prophetsand messengers before them and the rest of angels that are close to God, so peace unto them andGod's blessings as well. The great historian and owner of Muruj Al-Ðahab, Al-Mas`udi, mentioned theancestry for the prophet (PUH) that is connected to Ishmael ben Abraham (PUH) when he startedtalking about his conditions concerning his birth, sending as a prophet, his traveling to Medina andhis death, and he said: He is Muhammad ben `Abdullah ben `Abd Al-Muttalib ben Hâshim ben `AbdManâf ben Qosay ben Kilâb ben Morrah ben Lu'ay ben Ghâlib ben Fahr ben Mâlik ben Al-Nadhor,ben Kanânah ben Khozaymah ben Modrakah ben Aliâs ben Modhar ben Nizâr ben Mo`ad ben `Adnânben Od ben Adad ben Nahor ben Ya`ur ben Ya`rub ben Yashjob ben Nâbit (Nabioth) ben Ishmael benAbraham ben Terah. Then he continued counting his fathers until reaching Shem ben Noah and thenreaching Seth ben Adam (PUT) and we've mentioned that Ishmael had twelve sons as mentioned inTorah and Torah mentioned their names and mentioned that all of them were tribal heads.

What is mentioned about the ancestry of `Adnân is agreeable by all and some tidings about itsrightness been told, but the names coming after `Adnân are controversial, and for this they (the

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Household) mentioned that their grandfather the prophet (PUH) used to name his fathers until`Adnân then he stops and says: lied the ancestry foretellers. There is no doubt that the prophet andhis Household (PUT) know better their ancestors and for this they emphasized on their connectionwith Ishmael ben Abraham, but because of the many differences in the spelling of many names thatfall between the two names of the grandfathers (Ishmael and `Adnân) and because of the hardnessof same names they usually stop the chain, and it is reported to them that they ordered not to saytheir ancestry up to Ishmael (PUH), and this is true as witnessed for there is another chainmentioned in books which has different names and length as well. [then comes lines about thesecond chain, which emphasizes only on the different names]. [A whole paragraph here that justemphasizes that telling the ancestry of the prophet (PUH) should be ended up at `Adnân because ofthe hardness of names and the different length been told for chains. Not translated because of timeconsuming matter for nothing new]

What made me talk about such a matter before its time is the excessive need for it, and we'vementioned that Ishmael (PUH) had twelve sons, and it is known that the prophet (PUH) is connectedto him, and we would like to know by which descendants he is connected to Ishmael , and from theprevious discussions we see that one form says that his gradnfather is Þâbit and three other formsagree that his grandfather was Faydar ben Ishmael ben Abraham (PUT), and both of the forms arenot exactly mentioned in Torah, but the second one which is Faydar is close somehow to the spellingof Qaydâr and maybe this is the truth, but maybe some letters change or added because of the longtime period since that time and because of many people carried such tidings or it might be justbecause of printing mistakes. But Al-Mas`udi in Muruj Al-Ðahab, when he came to mention theconditions of Ishmael ben Abraham (PUH), he mentioned a quite useful sentence for this occasion,so he said: Then Ishamel took care of the House after the death of his father Abraham, and Godmade him a prophet and send him to the giants (?) and to the tribes of Yemen and he tried to banthem from worshipping idols but only few did follow him, and Ishmael had twelve children and theyare: Fâ'iþ, Qaydâr, Erbel, Meem, Masma`, Duma, Dawâm, Meeshâ, Hadâd, Heem, Qaturâ and Mâsh[compare with the list mentioned in the 9th section, this list mentioned here is more closer to theone in Torah]. The commandment of Abraham was transformed to Ishmael after his death [meaning:Ishmael was the viceroy of his father], and Ishmael transfered it to his brother Isaac, and some saidto his son Qaydâr ben Ishmael. Ishmael was one hundred and thirty seven years old when he diedand been buried in the Holy Mosque in the position that was kept for the black stone, and the Houseconditions were took care of by Fâ'iþ ben Ishmael (PUH) and did as his father used to do, and evensome say that he was the viceroy of his father Ishmael (PUH). I say, maybe most of them depend onwhat is mentioned in Torah because it was the first, and if it was right as it is was revealed on theheart of Moses ben Amram (PUH) then why not following it since it is clearly and good clue, and aninvestigation about it and about its people later on if God desired so, and to God be the words ofthanks and prays over His beloved the Chosen and his Household, and over the rest of prophets andmessengers.

Isaac ben Abraham (PUT)

<>His mother is Sarah the daughter of Bethuel ben Nahor which is by turn the brother of Terah andthe uncle of Abraham (PUH), so she is the daughter of the cousin of Abraham and also his maternalcousin, as it was mentioned before, and Isaac was born after his brother Ishmael by five years, andthis is the most famous for us, and in Torah it is mentioned that he was born and Ishmael was

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fourteen years old, and as Al-Mas`udi mentioned, that Ishmael was born and Abraham was eighty sixyears old or eighty seven and Isaac was born while he was one hundred and twenty years old, andthe angels brought the happy tidings to Abraham about his son Isaac, and Sarah heard the tidingsand laughed for it was weird for her to have children from an old man and an old barren woman, sothe angels said to her: Do you wonder from the commandments of God? In other phrases God said:And we gave him tidings of the birth of Isaac, a prophet of the righteous(Al-Sâffât:112). Also Godsaid: And We blessed him and Isaac. And of their seed are some who do good, and some who plainlywrong themselves(Al-Sâffât:113), and: We gave him Isaac and Jacob. Each of them We made aprophet. And we gave them of Our mercy, and assigned to them a high and true renown(Maryam:49-50). God also said: and gave him tidings of (the birth of) a wise son. Then his wife came forward,making moan, and smote her face, and cried: A barren old woman!(Al-Ðariyat:28-29). <>Apparently,in quran there was nothing about Isaac much more than tidigins brought about him, and about himbeing a prophet. Yes, and we've mentioned befoer that in Torah and the Bible, the one that was to beslained was Isaac and not Ishmael, and we've mentioned a lot of details about this in the previoussection when we talked about the conditions of Abraham (PUH) and explained what is true andexplained that the one that was to be slained was Ishmael and not Isaac. It is mentioned that Isaac(PUH) lived for one hundred and eighty years and was buried in Jirun (Hebron), and it is the city of Al-Khaleel, in the cave of Al-Makfeelah (Machpelah). Isaac got married after his father as in some talesby a woman called Youmhâ' the daughter of Bethuel, and she born him Al-`Ays (Esau) and Jacob astwins, but Esau came first then followed by Jacob, and when they were born Isaac was sixty years oldand went blind, this is what was mentioned. He prayed for his son Jacob to have the leadership of hispeople and the prophecy in his descendants, and prayed for his son Esau to get the kingdom andpower and in his descendants as well. He was one hundred and righty five years old when he diedand was buried with his father and the places for their toms is famous and they are placed almostlike eighteen miles away from Jerusalem in a mosque there called the mosque of Abraham [Arabic:Masjid Ibrâhim], and this is all mentioned in Muruj Al-Ðahab for Al-Mas`udi.

<>What is mentioned in Torah about his marriage, in summary, is that when Abraham became oldand were not able to work anymore, he commanded his servant, Elazar, and told him to work on themarriage of his son Isaac and pick for him a wife from his own tribe and lands in Iraq, and told him tobe aware from letting him get married to a daughter of the Canaanites that were in Palestine, andtold him to never let Isaac get back again to the land that went out from which is Iraq, and never lethim go back there even if his wife denied coming with him to his lands in Palestine. Then Elazar gotready for the travel and took with him everything applicable for the wife and her family, and went toIraq, to the lands of the family. When he reached that land he stopped his camels before the townwhich is Padan-Aram and it is the town in which Abraham used to live, and his father there was acarpenter, as it is mentioned in the book of Barnaba, and it is the town in which his tribe lives withhis relatives and there lives the desired man which is Nahor ben Terah, the brother of Abraham, buthe was dead at that time, and none are left there except his children and their leader was Bethuelben Nahor, and when Elazar stopped his camels before the city and wanted to get in, he saw abeautiful girl getting out of the city and carrying a jar, so Elazar said to her: get me some water, andso she did and welcomed him, then he asked about her family and he knew she is the daughter ofBethuel ben Nahor, so then when he knew her and her family he became so happy about it andasked about her father and wether he has a place for hospitality, and she said yes, then he presentedhimself as the servant of Abraham and he wants to take a wife for Isaac, and she is the one desired

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for this and no one else, then he made her wore some jewels and golden bracelets and she walked infront of him telling her family about the happy tidings and the dear guest from her uncle Abraham,and the girl's name was Refqah (Rebekah). When the girl told her family about the messenger fromAbraham their uncle and about his living place, immediately Lâbân ben Bethuel (Laban) went to hisplace and welcomed him and came with him to his own place and they were all happy for the visit ofthe messenger of Abraham, their uncle. Then after he stayed for a while with them he told them whyhe is here and he wants Rebekah for the son of his master and so they answered him with what hedesires, then Elazar, Abraham's messenger, gave her vessels made of gold and silver with someclothes and ornaments, and also gave to her brother Laban ben Bethuel and to her mother anddestributed the rest over her family, and after the rest he asked them to get her prepared, so theyanswered his request and made her prepared for such an occasion, and Rebekah then agreed for hisrequest to leave in a hurry, and so he picked her to the lands of his master, and when they arrivedand Isaac looked at her, he got so happy for her and she had been a joy for him after the death of hismother Sarah.

Then Rebekah gave birth to a twin, and they are `Eesu (Esau) and Ya`qoob (Jacob), and she born firstEsau then Jacob. We say, we can agree on both stories, this and the one before, as one story. Thedifference are in the names of `Eesu and Al-`Ays and that might be because of expressing in Arabicand Hebrew, and also in wether the marriage was during the life of Abraham or after his death, andin the different names of the wife of Isaac, Youmhâ' [could not trace this name back to any source]and Rebekah, and might be that one is a name and the other is a title, but the story in Torah is morebelievable for what it contains and it is more closer to reality, and only God knows. As attributed toAl-Râawandi in his tales, there is one tale that has a connection somehow with out subject, and thatis there was at the time of Abraham (PUH) a man called Mâriyyah ben Aws, and he was six hundredand sixty years old and he used to live in a place like a peninsula surrounded by waters and swamps,and he used to go out for people once every three years and live in the desert, and he had a mosqueand he used to pray to God there and guide people to the religion of God and teach them thegoodness, so one day he went out to the desert as he used to do and he saw a cattle and as if theyhad fat upon them, and he was amazed for that, and saw a young man with it and his face was likethe face of the moon, so he asked him about the cattle and about their owner, so he answered: theyare for Abraham, then he asked him about himself and he answered: I am his son Isaac. ThenMâriyyah said for himself: O Lord let me see your friend Abraham before I die. Isaac then told hisfather Abraham about what happened between him and Mâriyyah ben Aws and about hisconditions, then after three years he went out as he used to be and found a man in that place that henever saw before and the man asked him about his conditions and his place, so Mâriyyah ben Awsanswered him and described his place for him, then the man showed the passion for staying withMâriyyah to look at his way of living and Mâriyyah answered him that he can't pass over to his place,so then the man asked: why? have you not a bridge? He said: No, but I walk over water, so the mainsaid: maybe the One that exploited water for you will exploit the water for me as well, so then theywalked together until they reached the water, then Mâriyyah said: By the name of God, and hepassed over the water surface, then the man said: By the name of God, and passed over the watersurface, then Mâriyyah looked at him while walking and he was amazed, then they reached theresidence of Mâriyyah and the man stayed with him for three days, and Mâriyyah used to live onfruit and dries out some of them for winter season. So when the man wanted to leave him he(Mâriyyah) asked him about his name, so the man said: I am Abraham, the friend of God, and

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Mâriyyah before that used to pray to God to see His friend, so when he heard his name and knewwho he is, he went to him and hugged him adn thanked God for answering his prays, and there areother long matters that no need to mention here and what we've mentioned is enough for now andGod knows His servants and creations, and He knows everything.

The Prophet Lot (PUH)

We've pointed out before that the story of Lot is connected to the story of Abraham (PUH) and alsoconnected to the stories of his sons Ishmael and Isaac for they are mentioned with him in many holyphrases and tales because they all share the same call to God and they all lived in the same time, andthe religion of all is the same religion of Abraham (PUH), and he is their master and the one that wasa subject to many troubles, and God revealed upon him only the books that explain the religion andlaws, and they followed him for whatever he said, and Lot got out with him when he was banishedfrom his own lands and he was the first to believe in him, and Lot is the nephew and the maternalcousin for Abraham and this matter had been investigated when we talked about the conditions ofAbraham. God said: And Lot believed him, and said: Lo! I am a fugitive unto my Lord(Al-`Ankabut:26).Lot was mentioned in quran in fourteen chapters: Al-An`âm, Al-A`râf, Hud, Al-Hijr, Al-Anbiyâ', Al-Haj,Al-Shu`arâ', Al-Naml, Al-`Ankabut, Al-Sâffât, Sâd, Qâf, Al-Qamar, Al-Tahreem. We mentioned beforethat when quran comes to mention about any prophet's conditions, it either mention theirconditions in details or in brief. They mentioned that Lot owned many riches and cattles of camels,horses, sheeps and cows and other animals, along with servants and gold and silver, like his uncleAbraham, and only God knows, and after they had travelled out of Iraq to the lands of Shem andPalestine, Lot (PUH) most probably settled in Jordan, and the village he settled in was called Sadoom(Sodom) and beside it the village of `Âmoorâ' (Gomorrah). This is what Al-Mas`udi said in Muruj Al-Ðahab: And God sent Lot to Sodom and its five villages are: Sabghah, `Amrah, Edmâ', Sabugh andBâli` [maybe the Hebrew names are: Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboiim, Bela and Zoar], and the people ofLot are Al-Mu'tafika, and this name is derived from "Ifk" which means "lying" and this is the opinionof whoever followed derivation method, and God said: And Al-Mu'tafikah He destroyed(Al-Najm:53),and this land is located in the lands of Shem after Jordan and Palestine, and torturing stones therecan be seen by travellers, and Lot lived there for something more than twenty years and used to callthe people for God but they did not believe in him so then they were taken away by God'spunishment according what God mentioned about them (in quran), then God punished the people ofLot at the time of Abraham (PUH) for their deeds and doings. The people of Lot were people of eviland took off the cover of shyness, and they were never shy to do the bad things that even animalsdeny to do as well as the human souls, and they were never shy of each other to do the most awfulthings, so all would gather, the old and the young, the father and the son, the master and the slave,they all gather together to commit sodomy with a strange man even in front of their women anddaughters, and they used to fart in their gatherings and clubs as it is interpreted by God's saying: andcommit ye not abomination in your meetings(Al-`Ankabut:29).

Some Funny Stories

The people of Sodom were people of evil and rudeness, and they had a judge that judges for themalways wether they were right or wrong as it is said, so then Sarah the wife of Abraham sent amessenger to Sodom to see the conditions of Lot and his safety, and when he arrived there one mansaw him and came to him and hit him on his head with a stone so his blood went out, then he

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hanged on him and said: this huge amount of blood if it was in your body any longer it would harmyou so I wanted my fees! When the debate went for so long between them and the messenger ofSarah could not get rid of that man he called him for a judgement, so they went to the ruler ofSodom, and when he heard their story he judged for the the messenger to pay for the sodomite thefees, so when the messenger of Sarah, Elazar, saw such unjustice he took a stone and hit the judgeon his head and made his blood go out and said to him: the fees that you must pay to me for hittingyou, pay them back to the man that hit me and made my blood go out, then he left out back towhere he came from to escape this village and its unjustice.

Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr said in his stories: I was reading the poem of Al-Ma`arri [a poet's name]:

Who is the one that saw a judge

That did not judge as the way of Sodom

<>and I did not understand what did he mean by that and did he mean by Sodom, until I read thisstory and then I understood what is meant by the poem. There are other stories attributed to themthat would make the author and the reader so shy of it but we left it out because they are connectedto funny legends. How awfully great what the people of Sodom did and it was not of benefit for themthe residence of the prophet Lot among them and his guides and advices, and they did not careabout his warnings although he promised them the benefits and goodness, and he carried out lot oftheir troubles, and he stayed with them for long time but no results could be gained from them, thenhe prayed to God to punish them, and God allowed to punish them as soon as possible. Then Godsent His messengers to flip upside down their villages and to tell Abraham about that before it isdone, and when they went to him they brought to him the tidings about his son Isaac, and Jacobafter Isaac. When they went to Abraham, he thought them to be guests, so he made for them somefood and got a fat sheep for this, and when he saw that their hands do not try to get some of thefood he got into doubts about them and got scared from them, so they told him that they aremessenger of God had been sent by Him to take revenge from the people of Sodom and Gomorrah,and they are the ones that are expressed as to be the people of Lot. Some historians said: I think thatthe dead sea which is known now as the sea of Lot and/or the lake of Lot was not there before thisincident, but it appeared because of the earthquake that made the toppest of the land to the lowestand it became lower than the sea level by almost four hundred meters. Some news been told latelyabout fiding some traces that belong to the villages of the people of Lot on the edges of the deadsea. When Abraham knew that the people of Lot will be destroyed and that the angels are sent to doso, and he saw that they had young people, sick people and children that did not do any wrong andalso in the land there is Lot and his household, he was affected for this matter, for he had apassionate heart, so he could not hold hisself and started arguing about that and the angels thenanswered him "we know who is there better" and told him that Lot and his family will get no harmand they will be saved, and the judgement of God will not return back. God said: And when the awedeparted from Abraham, and the glad news reached him, he pleaded with Us on behalf of the folk ofLot. Lo! Abraham was mild, imploring, penitent(Hud:74-75).

God said about the people of Lot in the chapter of Al-A`râf: And Lot! (Remember) when he said untohis folk: Will ye commit abomination such as no creature ever did before you ? Lo! ye come with lustunto men instead of women. Nay, but ye are wanton folk. And the answer of his people was only thatthey said (one to another): Turn them out of your township. They are folk, forsooth, who keep pure.

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And We rescued him and his household, save his wife, who was of those who stayed behind. And Werained a rain upon them. See now the nature of the consequence of evil-doers!(Al-A`râf:80-84) Andwe've mentioned before the ancestry of Lot and that he is the son of Haran ben Terah, the cousin ofAbraham, and also been said that he is his maternal cousin and that Sarah the wife of the Abraham ishis sister, and we've mentioned before that there is nothing wrong about that, and Lot is Abraham'scousin and also his maternal cousin and also a brother of Sarah the wife of Abraham (PUH), checkback and meditate and only God knows. The people Lot used to come with lust to men instead ofwomen and so they cut off the child birth and make people avoid passing into their lands for thisdeed because they used to do it with strangers that pass through their lands, and they used to throwstones on strangers and the one that hit him then this strnager would be for him, so they take hismoney and commit sodomy with him or take three coins from him and leave his money alone, andthey had a judge that allows all of that, and in their gatherings they used to do abominations withoutbeing shy, so God revelaed His anger upon them and His punishment, and it was the black stones orin some other tales the black water and it is a sign for God's anger and a gate to lands' destruction.Every type is mentioned and it might be that every type was done indeed, and so their lands wereflipped upside down and then been rained by the black stones, as it is told in details in the chapter ofHud: And when Our messengers came unto Lot, he was distressed and knew not how to protectthem. He said: This is a distressful day. And his people came unto him, running towards him - andbefore then they used to commit abominations - He said: O my people! Here are my daughters! Theyare purer for you. Beware of Allah, and degrade me not in (the person of) my guests. Is there notamong you any upright man ? They said: Well thou knowest that we have no right to thy daughters,and well thou knowest what we want.He said: Would that I had strength to resist you or had somestrong support (among you)! (The messengers) said: O Lot! Lo! we are messengers of thy Lord; theyshall not reach thee. So travel with thy people in a part of the night, and let not one of you turnround - (all) save thy wife. Lo! that which smiteth them will smite her (also). Lo! their tryst is (for) themorning. Is not the morning nigh ? So when Our commandment came to pass We overthrew (thattownship) and rained upon it stones of clay, one after another, Marked with fire in the providence ofthy Lord (for the destruction of the wicked). And they are never far from the wrong-doers(Hud:77-83), and lot of such tidings been brought by other holy phrases from other chapters with littledifferences, and we'd like to point that out as headlines, in the chapter of Al-Hijr: They said; Have wenot forbidden you from (entertaining) anyone ? He said: Here are my daughters, if ye must be doing(so)(Al-Hijr:70-71), and in the chapter of Al-Shu`arâ': And leave the wives your Lord created for you ?Nay, but ye are froward folk(Al-Shu`arâ':166).

Some Benefits That Should Not be Left

It is mentioned that the prophet (PUH) used to seek protection by God against parsimony, so Abu-Ja`far Al-Sâdiq (PUH) was asked about this so he said: yes, every morning and every evening, and weseek protection by God against parsimony and God says: And whoso is saved from his own greed,such are the successful(Al-Taghabun:16). Then he (PUH) said: and I will tell you about the end ofparsimony, the people of Lot were parsimonious about food, and this made them sick with such anillness that have no cure, so I said to him: and what is that? He answered: the village of the people of

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Lot were located on the way of caravans between the lands of Shem and Egypt, and so caravans usedto stop in their place for hospitality, so when there had been so much traffic in their lands and theywere tired of this hospitality because of their parsimony and their evil spirit, their parsimony madethem defame a man (commit sodomy) without them having the lust to do so, but they did it just tomake the guests escape, and so their tidings arrived to the near by villages, and so parsimony gavethem such an illness that they could not cure without having the lust for doing such thing, and theywent to ask men in the lands to do this with them and even gave rewards for that, so the man askingsaid to the Imam, Al-Bâqir (PUH): all of the village of Lot used to do this? He answered: yes, exceptone house of believers, didn't you hear God's saying: Then we brought forth such believers as werethere.But We found there but one house of those surrendered (to Allah)(Al-Ðâriyât:35-36), and thenLot stayed among them calling them back to God for thirty years, and they used not to cleanthemselves after excrement and never purify themselves after uncleanness (from semen, pollution),and Lot was a generous man that give hospitality to his guests and aware them about his people, sowhen his people saw this they said "Have we not forbidden you from (entertaining) anyone ?", and itis a long speech. Then after that when guests used to come to Lot, he kept his hospitality as a secret,until the guest is out of his house for he was afraid that his people would defame him with his guests,for Lot had no tribe to protect him, and Lot along with Abraham expected God's wrath upon them.Some speeches contained the meaning of that God knew that the people of Lot will never be fixedand that their torture will be in life before the after-life as a revenge for their bad deeds and to be alesson for others, and God used to delay their punishment for the sake of Abraham and Lot for theyhated destroying lands. For this and that, God delayed their punishment until their time had comeand had no way back, so He sent His messengers to sink their lands. In tidings: When it was midnight,Lot took his daughters and went out, and his wife went to her people telling them that Lot want toescape, so then said Gabriel (PUH): and I was called from the Throne at the time of dawn: O Gabriel,God's promise for the torture of Lot's people became so true, so pull out their village down from theseventh earth, then fly with it up into heaven and stop it there until the commandment of Godarrives to you to flip it down, and leave a portion from the house of Lot to be as reminder for passersby, so I went down to the village and I stroke its east with my right wing and its west with my leftwiing and then I pulled it out from the depth of the seventh earth except the house of Lot, then Iwent up with it in a place where even the creations of heaven can hear the cry of their cocks and thebarking of their dogs, so when sun rose up I was called from the Throne: O Gabriel, flip the landsover the people and so I did and made their lowest on the top, and God sent them heavy rains ofbaked clay, and the position of their lands were in the lands of Shem, so I flipped their lands andmade it between the lands of Shem and Egypt and it made some lines out of the sea. We say, flippingthe villages of Lot is something that all religions agree on although there are different ways for how itwas flipped, and we should not think of a special way for their punishment was done by destroyingtheir lands by many ways and that does not harm the desired essential idea and that God tookrevenge from them for their evil-doings and their exaggerated tyranny and rebellion against God andHis prophet which they harmed so much, and your Lord is no oppressor of (His) bondmen.

Presenting His Daughters to The People of His Village and His Wife Conditions

What is apparent in quran that Lot was giving his daughters to his people whenever they want toharm his guests and some holy phrases say: Here are my daughters, if ye must be doing (so)(Al-Hijr:70). This is something that faithful souls deny and no man with a bit of jealousy accept such athing even if it was for something important like protecting his guests against the disbelievers and

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tyrants, so just doing this by giving up his daughters for the wrong-doing is something denied by themind and can not be done by a faithful man of jealousy. So, how come it is done by a prophet, that isan example of dignity and honour and he is the guidance of God to the people, and it is attributed tothe prophet (PUH) and his Household (PUT) what includes the meaning of: whoever started a goodhabit, then he has its reward and the rewards of people who do it after him until the doomsday, andwhoever started an evil habit then he has its punishment and the punishments of people who do itafter him until the doomsday. Some people interpreted that just from its apparent meaning, and stillit has the same result of meaning, so how about if we were talking about a prophet of God for thepeople that by him laws and regulations of the religion would be taken and taught and within hishands the right to ban the evil-doings and allow the good-deeds, so just doing such a thing is greatlydenied for it is something denied by the mind and also banned by the laws of religion in all religionsand it is never found to be allowed since the beginning of creation until this very day, but forprotection against such a thing blood had been shed and it is the law that must be kept, and if it wasnot so then every son of a female even if he has no religion he won't be traced back to anhonourable root. The deeds of the religious authority are subject to be followed and it is taken bypeople either they believed in such authority or not to take such deeds as clues and people keeptelling the stories about such an authority and the tidings would keep up by time, and if it was suchdeed is bad, then people would mock at religions and take it as something ridiculous and such athing is against the purpose that for which God sent His prophet, and such deeds would not beissued by a wiseman, and impossible to be issued by a wiseman. The talk of Lot that was told inquran in the chapter of Hud: O my people! Here are my daughters! They are purer for you. Beware ofAllah, and degrade me not in (the person of) my guests. Is there not among you any upright man ?(Hud:78), and in the chapter of Al-Hijr: They said; Have we not forbidden you from (entertaining)anyone ? He said: Here are my daughters, if ye must be doing (so)(Al_hijr:70-71), such talk is notinterpreted on its apparent basis but it is interpreted on the basis of a righteous judgement ofreligion, and only God knows its exact interpretations and them who are in deep wisdom of this, andthey are the ones that quran was revelaed in their homes and that is the prophet (PUH) and hisviceroys that are his Household (PUT). It is said about this matter, that what is meant by hisdaughters is their wives, because people are connected to the prophet sent to them by father, so Lotdid not offer his own daughter, but he offered the daughters of the village and they are their ownwives as to prevent them from doing the bad deed (sodomy), and some said that what is meant bythis is that he offered them for marriage and not adultery which is something allowed, and it is faraway from what is apparent, and also it is said that he offered them but not seriously for that theymight get back and stop harming him for they know that they would not do such a deed but it wasjust an exaggeration from him (Lot) to show his unsatisfaction for harming his guests and to show hisdenial for such bad-doings, and it is like a way to stop the fight between two persons, like coming toone of them and saying "hit me but not him" and if he knew that this person will hit him indeed hewouldn't come to do it, and this last interpretation might be the most probable, but anyway weknow that what is meant by the holy phrase is not what is apparent, be aware, and only God knows.

The Wife of Lot (PUH)

The wife of Lot (PUH) was from village and she followed the religion of her own people and did notbelieve in Lot or his religion and never followed him by any way, but she followed her people andtheir religion and she liked their deeds and she was an enemy to Lot and to everything connected tohim and to anyone who loves him, so she was a disbeliever and used to guide the people for his

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guests, and they said: she assigned a sign between her and her people to tell them about his guests,and that is whenever guests would come to him at night she would work some fire on the roof of thehouse, and at daytime she would make a smoke instead, and in some speeches it is mentioned thatafter leaving Abraham, the angels went to Lot and found him watering his plants, so Lot said to them:who are you? They answered: we are travellers, make us your guests tonight. Then he said: O people,the people of this village are people of evil and God damned them, they commit sodomy with menand take their money, so they said: we've been late, make us your guests. Then he went to his wifeand said: we have some guests tonight so keep it a secret and I shall forgive you for all your deedsuntil this very day, so she said: I will, and when Gabriel and the angels entered to his home, his wifemade a fire on the roof and so the people of the village knew about it and came to him from everydirection and when they reached the door they said to Lot: Have we not forbidden you fromentertaining anyone? He answered: Here are my daughters! They are purer for you, and he meant bythat their wives because the prophet is considered to be like the father of his nation so he calledthem back to what is allowed, so he said: your wives are purer for you. They said: Well thou knowestthat we have no right to thy daughters, and well thou knowest what we want, then Lot said when hewas despaired: Would that I had strength to resist you or had some strong support.

In speeches: no prophet was sent after Lot unless he was of a high place among his people, andmaybe the saying of Lot "Would that I had strength" was dedicated to the angels and the purpose ofit is to mean if only he have strength to protect them, and Lot did not know they were angels at thattime, then the angels told him about their real identity and for the purpose for their arrival, but theapparent thing in the holy phrases is that the speech was dedicated to his people and not to theangels, because when they (his people) came running towards him, it is more accurate to be withthem at that moment, and only God knows.When the people tried to take the guests of Lot out of hishome by force and attacked his house, God made them unable to see any place to get into thehouse, and so they did not see the way nor the door and did not know where are they, and the earthshaken under their feet and their heads flipped upside down and their eyes and their hearts beenblind. Then angels took out Lot and his daughters and his wife from the village and ordered themthat no one should look back and they should go to wherever they are ordered, so they obeyed thecommandments except his wife and she looked back to the village to see what happened to it andher heart was there more than it is with Lot, and so she had the punishment that was revealed onthem, and she was a disbeliever, so God rained with baked clay, and flipped their lands and made thehighest of it to the lowest, and God said in the chapter of Al-Tahreem: Allah citeth an example forthose who disbelieve: the wife of Noah and the wife of Lot, who were under two of Our righteousslaves yet betrayed them so that they (the husbands) availed them naught against Allah and it wassaid (unto them): Enter the Fire along with those who enter(Al-Tahreem:10). It is said that in Torahmentioned the story in the same way that quran did but it did not mention anything about offeringhis daughters, and it mentioned that while the wife of Lot was walking away from the village shelooked back at her people and then she was turned to a pillar of salt, and Lot with his daughters thentook refuge in a village called Zoar which was kept in safe.

Sermons to be Taken From The Story of Abraham and Others Mentioned With Him

The most apparent of all is from throwing Abraham in the fire and breaking the idols, Nimrod threwhim into the fire to let him back from his religion, but since his faith was strong against all odds andnever shaken, he did not care about anything, nor about any torture that meant to let him disbelieve,

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and for such a deed (breaking the idols) from the friend of God, their corners were shaken and thebeards of their youngs had been white, and by this deed the Throne of the Exalted became filledwith happiness and mountains been amazed and proud and close angels did bend in a sign ofrespect, and the whole universe smiled to him, for he is alone in the face of a tyrant that does notbelieve in the judgement day and all the creatures are afraid of him, so one could do such a thingexcept someone that is in deep faith into God and does not see any goal in this life except to obey hisLord even in the hardest moments, and He is the One that will bring victory to him, and for this Hemade the fire to be coolness and peace thus he was not touched by it, and when he was thrown intothe fire Gabriel (PUH) met him in the air while he was falling and said to him: need anything? So heanswered: to you no, but to my Lord yes, so he was saved from their evil and fire by his own faith inhis Lord. He broke their idols and made them into pieces except the biggest of them for a sermonand we've explained it and so the king was not brave enough to kill him, and Abraham was alonewithout anyone to bring him victory, but only God saved him and ordered him to travel out of theirlands, and if anyone meditated in this he would find this amazing thing is only because he (Abraham)believed in his Lord, and by his faith he despised the fire, meditate in these honorable situationswhich have the sermons for the nations and generations for the coming days and times.

Abraham was guided by intuition to the faith, and born with faith being side by side to him, as beentold by our prophet (PUH): every child is born with intuition but his parents may make him a christianor a jew. So the faith of Abraham had never been corrupted, and he grew up seeking and gettinginspired for the clues of unification by the traces of the One, so he guided himself to the Creator byHis creation, and to the Eternal by what is mortal. Then he looked to this human that was created outof nothing while he worships something he made by his own hands, then he (Abraham) graduallytried to make them conclude the truth and stop worshipping the idols, then he looked at the planetsand they were with him and said: they worth worshipping more than woods and other stuff that aremade by our own hands, and when planets disappeared and he knew that they were created as wellhe said: Lo! I have turned my face toward Him Who created the heavens and the earth, as one bynature upright, and I am not of the idolaters(Al-An`âm:79). So Abraham (PUH) did not deny theirgods from the first glance, but he made them gradually admit that these are not gods since theydon't have feelings or senses, then he tested their gods one after the other by many ways that wouldbe enough for them to stop worshipping them, and he showed how their gods were unable to do athing and how they do not deserve to be gods. Yes, and Abraham (PUH) was patient with a greatpatience, and not in a hurry to call all the creatures to know the Creator, and this is obvious in hisanswer to his father Azar when he said to him: If thou cease not, I shall surely stone thee. Departfrom me a long while!(Mariam:46), so Abraham answered: Peace be unto thee! I shall askforgiveness of my Lord for thee. Lo! He was ever gracious unto me(Mariam:47), and in other holyphrase: And forgive my father. Lo! he is of those who err(Al-Shuàrâ':86) and so on. It is true whatsome historians said about this matter, when they said: it is true that when a truthful belief getsdeep into the soul and the heart then it will occupy the mind of the man and own his heart. Therevolution of Abraham (PUH) against the idols and its worshipping was not only talkative revolutionbut also a practical one, and so he made their idols into pieces except the biggest one and made thisdeed as a way to argue with them until he made them into silence, so they came to treat him hardand threw him into the fire, but she was coolness and peaceful upon him. Then he thanked God forsaving him and never kept a single way that he did not take to call for the righteous path and he wasindeed as been told by God: That is Our argument. We gave it unto Abraham against his folk(Al-

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An`âm:83), and he was arguing with the tyrant, Nimrod, with carelessness toward his power until hemade him shame of hisself and prove him wrong, so God said: Bethink thee of him who had anargument with Abraham about his Lord, because Allah had given him the kingdom; how, whenAbraham said: My Lord is He Who giveth life and causeth death, he answered: I give life and causedeath. Abraham said: Lo! Allah causeth the sun to rise in the East, so do thou cause it to come upfrom the West. Thus was the disbeliever abashed. And Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk(Al-Baqarah:258).

Then presenting his only son Ishmael to be slain as God ordered him in his dream is the ultimate cluefor his faith in God, and he prepared everything to give his only son as a gift until God ransomed himwith a great victim. He (Abraham) was also a man of diginity and purity, and he never asked someoneelse except God and never refused anyone came to him for a purpose, and he was a man ofhospitality and was the first to command for hospitality, and used to prostrate a lot on the ground forGod only, and used to pray a lot for Muhammad and the Household of Muhammad (PUH), and insome speeches that God did not consider Abraham as a friend except for feeding people and prayingat night while people are sleeping, and he was a man of jealousy as well and whenever he goes outhe locks the door behind him and took his keys, and for many good virtues and deeds that Abrahamhad, he was given the title of friend of God. As reported from Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said: Abrahamonce had a hard time so he went to his people but they were in a condition of a drought so he wentback as he came, and when he was close to his home he came down from his ass and filled his bag ofsands just to calm down his wife Sarah, so when he went inside he took off the bag down from hisass then Sarah came and opened it and found it was full of flour and so she made some bread andthen she said to Abraham (PUH): finish your pray and come eat, so he said to her: from where didyou get this? She answered: from the flour in that bag, so then Abraham lifted his head towards thesky and said: I testify that you are the Friend. It is more probable that God had Abraham as a slavebefore He makes him a prophet, and made him a prophet before He make him a messenger, andmade him a messenger before He makes him a friend and had him as a friend before He makes himaleader, so when God gathered all these characterestics for him He told him: Lo! I have appointedthee a leader for mankind, so then said Abraham: And of my offspring? He answered: My covenantincludeth not wrong-doers. This story had been mentioned before and been explained for itspurposes, and for the high place of Abraham in faith, and for his love to know things deeply, he askedGod to show him how He ressurects the dead to make his heart more faithful by looking at whathumans do not believe in except by looking at. Quran had described his request, so God said: Andwhen Abraham said (unto his Lord): My Lord! Show me how Thou givest life to the dead, He said:Dost thou not believe ? Abraham said: Yea, but (I ask) in order that my heart may be at ease. (HisLord) said: Take four of the birds and cause them to incline unto thee, then place a part of them oneach hill, then call them, they will come to thee in haste, and know that Allah is Mighty, Wise(Al-Baqarah:260). What is apparent from the holy phrase is what we mentioned before about the love ofknowing things deeply, and so the answer came to him to distribute the parts of four birds on certainhills and not every hill on earth, and the interpretation of such phrase can be only attributed to theprophet and his Household (PUT).

They (the Household) (PUH) said what is in general meant that God ordered Abraham to slay fourkinds of birds: a peacock, an eagle, a cock and a duck. The peacock is meant to be the ornaments ofthis life, and the eagle is meant to be the long hope, and the duck is meant to be caution, and thecock is meant to be the lust, so the total meaning that God desired and He knows better, that if you

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want to be with Me then cut out these four things, and if any of these were in one's heart then he isnever with Me. This interpretation had been told in different ways but the general meaning is thesame, for the knowledge of things in deep is something that only God can do and He is far from thehuman thought about Himself. Maybe it is thought that God could make him able to understand suchmatter, the answer would be yes, but maybe the thing that prevents that is the inability of creatureand not God, as it is in the case of letting a camel into the needle's eye, so the fact of resurrection isone of the facts that can not be sensed by the human beings' senses, but only some of its reason canbe sensed like killing, burning, medicine, food..etc, and for this matter there is an investigation byitself. Abraham slain the birdsand distributed their parts over the hills then he called them back andthey came together again and combined as they were before slaying them by the commandments ofGod, for He is who resurrect bones after beingrotted away. Some scholars said: Abraham wanted toknow this by eyes after he knew it by heart. Another reason was mentioned for this request is thatwas after the argument of Nimrod with him about resurrection when Nimrod said: I give life anddeath, and so then he released a prisoner and killed another, then Abraham said: this is not givinglife (resurrection), so then Nimrod warned him and threatened him if God did not resurrect for himthe dead, so then he requested from God to resurrect them and God told him what to do to letNimrod know that and for this he said "in order that my heart may be at ease." For the patience ofIshmael ben Abraham (PUT) troubles come so small, and he was so patient and no one was like himin his patience, he was driven away from his family and homeland when he was a child, and no onewas with him except his pureified mother Hagar, and he opened his eyes and did not find anyone tokeep him a company from his relatives except his mother Hagar, and found himself alone in a landwithout plants or buildings or animals except of the beasts and insects for a while, until God drove byHis mercy some of His creation that were different from them and they were the tribe of Jorhom andthe Giants, and so Hagar said when Abraham brought her and wanted to leave at once: you left us ina land that has no water or plants or a living thing, God ordered you so? So he said: yes, so she said:if God ordered you so then we not lost and He shall take care of us.

Ishmael the only that was born for his mother and father and the stranger from his family andhomeland been told then by his father in a surprise: I have seen in a dream that I must sacrifice thee.So look, what thinkest thou ? He said: O my father! Do that which thou art commanded. Allah willing,thou shalt find me of the steadfast, and that was when he was not yet a man, but he answeredwithout complaining, and what a patience could a child have except for him, and kids have longhopes in this life, but Ishmael presented himself to be slain with a complete acceptance, and so noone like him from the generation that is like him or from the people before, and such a deed issuedby him (PUH) is something holy and great, so then Ishmael is the sincere servant of God the one thatmade his life for God, and we can not imagine a soul purer than his nor someone closer to God morethan him and no creature did good to his parents more than Ishmael did, the one that gave himselffor sacrifice, when his fatherlaid himon his side witha knife in his hand over his neck, then Gabrielflipped it by a commandment of God and ransomed him with a great victim, and this story has itspains in the heart of the believers, and its main character deserves every word of beauty, becausebeing patient for troubles is not something that everyone can do, [then comes a line that seems tohave printing mistakes].

Isaac and Lot, both of them were in stand and ready to serve God without complaining, withpatience and thanks to God and such characteristics now are rare in people, and the stories of Lotpoints out how much generous he was with hospitality to both neighbours and guests, and he

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struggled against the disbelievers to keep their harm away, for they used to attack the guests anddefame him and take his money away, and Lot used to protect them (guests) and wanr them againstthe treatment of his people and he faced many harms from them (his people) and none were thereto protect him among them, and the most harmful person to him was his wife for she was an eye forher people over her husband, and she was a disbeliever and did notbelieve in God and for this goddestroyed her with them, so Lot was a man of great faith and how come not that to be and he is agenerous prophet, and he travelled with his uncle Abraham from the land of Iraq to the lands ofShem leaving his homeland and his family and his tribe for the sake of his religion and got far awayfrom his people. God said: And Lot believed him, and said: Lo! I am a fugitive unto my Lord(Al-`Ankabut:26) and this is the last thing we would like to mention about the stories of Abraham,Ishmael, Isaac and Lot, and peace may be upon our prophet and his Household (PUT) and thanks beto God alone.

Jacob and Joseph (PUT)

Jacob is the son of Isaac ben Abraham, the friend of God, and his mother is Rebecca (Rebekah) thedaughter of Bethuel, and his mother gave birth to him with a brother of his that is Esau [Arabic: Al-`Ays] and his name in Torah is `Eesu [`Esav], so Esau and Jacob are twins and born together, with Esaucoming first then Jacob, and their mother is Rebecca the daughter of Bethuel ben Terah ben Nahorben Serug, and the marriage of Rebecca and Isaac was mentioned before in the doscussion of theconditions of Isaac. Some historians said that then happened some conflict and hate between thetwo and Esau hated Jacob, and they say that Esau used to like hunting and had a strong soul, and hisbrother Jacob was a gentle man with manners and patience with faith so his mother Rebecca lovedhim so much and been afraid that Esau would hurt him with his wrath, and always been afraid thathe would be killed by him so she suggested for him to go to his uncle Laban ben Bethuel ben Terahben Nahor, so he went to Iraq to Padan-Aram and stayed with his uncle and under his service, thenhis uncle gave him his daughter Leah [Arabic: Liyyâ, Hebrew: Le'ah] for marriage and he had sixchildren from her: Rawbeen, Sham`un, Lâwi, Yahuðâ, Riyâlun and Yashjob [in Torah they are actuallyseven: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, and Dinah, the first four names are exacttranslation of the names mentioned in Arabic, but the others are not so close in spelling], and thenLeah died so he got married to her sister Raheel (Rachel) and she gave birth to Joseph and Benjamin,and he got also four children from two other maids, one of them is called Zilfah (Zilpah) and theother called Bilhah, and as mentioned in Torah that Bilhah is a handmaid of Rachel and gave her toJacob so he got two children from her, Dan and Naphtali, and Zilpah is the handmaid of Leah and alsogave her to Jacob and so he got two children from her, Gad and Asher, and so the children of Jacobare twelve males as mentioned in the stories of Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr, although there are somedifferences in the names of the children of Jacob between Torah and as mentioned by Abdul-WahâbAl-Najjâr, but their number is agreeable by all that they are twelve males, and it might be apparentthat all the children were born in Padan-Aram in Iraq while he (Jacob) was with his uncle Labantaking care of his cattles, then he got back to the land of Canaan in the lands of Shem with lot ofmoney and fortune, and when he got back he gave his brother some while he was afraid that hewould kill him but his brother Esau met him with a nice face and gentleness. They say that thechildren born in Iraq were only eleven except of Benjamin that was born in the land of Canaan. Goddid say: The same did Abraham enjoin upon his sons, and also Jacob, (saying): O my sons! Lo! Allahhath chosen for you the (true) religion; therefore die not save as men who have surrendered, Orwere ye present when death came to Jacob (unto Him)(Al-Baqarah:132-133), and as attributed to Al-

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Bâqir (PUH): and Jacob was give the prophecy in the land of Canaan then went to Egypt and diedthere and then his body was carried back to the land of Canaan and buried there.

In Muruj Al-Ðahab for Al-Mas`udi: Isaac then ordered his son Jacob to go to the lands of Shem andtold him that he got the prophecy along with his twelve children and they are: Lâwi, Yahuða,Yessâkhir, Bolon, Yousef, Binyâmin, Dân, Naftâli, Kân, Eshâr, Sham`un and Rubeel [this list seemscloser to the names in Torah: Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph, Benjamin, Dan, Naphtali, Gad,Asher, Simeon, Reuben], and prophecy with power had been made into four of them: Levi, Judah,Joseph and Benjamin. Then he said: then Jacob been afraid a lot of his brother Esau and God madehim safe from him, and Jacob had five thousand and five hundred sheeps, and Jacob gave the tenthof that for his brother Esau to prevent his evil after that God made him safe away from him, so Godpunished him in his children for not holding to his oath and God inspired to him: did not you believein My promise to you? Then I will make the children of Esau rule your children for five hundred andfifty years, and that was the time period by which Romans took hold of Jerusalem and destroyed thetemples and made the Israelites as slaves until the time of Omar ben Al-Khattâb [second caliphate forSunnites] when he invaded Jerusalem.

About Calling Jacob as Israel

As attributed to Ka`b Al-Ahbâr [the head master of rabbis for jews] in a long speech that Jacob wascalled Israel because he was serving in the temple in Jerusalem and he was the first to get in and thelast to get out and used to light up the lamps, but one day he saw them turned off so he stayed forone night in the temple and then he saw a demon that turns off the lamps and so then he captivatedhim by a pillar that were in the temple, and when the people woke up in the morning they saw acapticated person, and the demon's name was Eel, and so Jacob was called Israel for this [meaningthat Isra means "captured", and so the name would mean "he captured Eel"], but as attributed fromAl-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said: Jacob and Esau were twins, and Esau was born first then Jacob, and forthis he was called Jacob, because he got out after his brother [Arabic: Jacob = Ya`qoob, `Aqab = tocome after] and Jacob is Israel and it means "the slave of God" because "Isra" means "slave" and "El"means "God" in Hebrew, and in another tale "Isra" means "power" and so the name would mean"Power of God."

The Punishment of God for His Viceroys

As reported from Al-Þumali, he said: I prayed with `Ali ben Al-Husain (PUH) at dawn time in Medinaand it was Friday, then he went home and I was with him so he called a maid for him called Sakeenahand said to her: no poor shall pass by my door without feeding him for today is Friday, so I said: noteveryone asks is a poor man indeed, so he answered me: O Þâbit, I am afraid that some people thatdo ask us do really deserve to be feeded and we would not feed him and then shall come unto uswhat came unto Jacob and his household, and Jacob used to slay everyday a ram and give the poorpeople and eat from it with his children, and then came to his door a stranger that had faith and highlevel for God and came to the door of Jacob one Friday evening while it was the time for him to

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break his fasting and called at the steps of the door: feed the hungry poor stranger from what youhave and he did it many times and they could hear him but they did not believe him, and when hewas despaired that they would feed him and night came over, he came back and complained to Godabout his hunger and slept with an empty stomache and with thanks to God, and Jacob with hishouseold spent the night with full stomaches and some of their food is left, so then God inspired toJacob in the morning of that night: O Jacob, you've humilated my servant in such a way that youdeserved My punishment with your children, O Jacob, the most beloved prophets to Me are thosewho have mercy on My poor servants and feeded them and made themselves like homes for them, OJacob you did not have mercy on My servant Ðimyâl the faithful when he passed over your door atthe time of his fast breaking, and he shouted upon you to feed the stranger but you did not answerhis calls, so he complained about it to Me and he slept with an empty stomache and thanked Me andcompleted his fasting, while you Jacob and your children were satisfied with plenty of your food left,did you not know O Jacob that My punishment come to My viceroys in a faster manner rather than itcomes to My enemies, and that is because I love My viceroys, and I let My enemies gradually followtheir doom, I swear by My Exaltation that I shall reveal upon you My tests and troubles, and I shallmake you and your children a target for My troubles, so get ready for My troubles. Then Al-Þumâlisaid to `Ali ben Al-Husain (PUH): when did Joseph saw his dream? He answered: at that night thatJacob and his children slept with full stomaches and Ðimyâl slept with an empty stomache, and sowhen Joseph saw his dream and told it to his father Jacob, Jacob became sad and God inspired untohim that he should be ready for the test, so then Jacob said to Joseph: don't tell your brothers aboutthis dream for I am afraid that they might trick you, but he did not keep his dream in secret and hetold it to his brothers, and the first trouble that came upon Jacob and his household was envyingJoseph when they heard about his dream, so then Jacob had more pity for Joseph and he was afraidthat what God inspired to him about the troubles would be in Joseph in special, so he took care ofhim so much rather than his brothers, so then when the brothers of Joseph so what Joseph has ofhigh place for their father, it had been so hard for them and started to plot for him and said: Josephand his brother (Benjamin) are more beloved for our father than us, so kill Joseph or throw him tothe ground and you shall be the interest of your father and you shall become good people after him,and then they went to their father and said what was told in quran: O our father! Why wilt thou nottrust us with Joseph..etc(Yousof:11), and his answer to them was: Lo! in truth it saddens me that yeshould take him with you, and I fear less the wolf devour him while ye are heedless ofhim(Yousof:13), and the explanation will come later on by God's will. For Joseph was the mostbeloved son to Jacob, his brothers envied him for this, and God did tell their story in His holy book,and been told by his prophet (PUH) and the story spread among his nation, and God did take the soulof Jacob in Egypt and he was one hundred fourty years old, then his son Joseph carried him toPalestine and buried him there beside Abraham and Isaac, and God also took the soul of Joseph inEgypt and he was one hundred twenty years old, and he was put in a tomb made of marble andblocked in lead and then been painted with paints to protect it from the air and water and then thetomb was thrown in the Nile towards the city of Manaf, and there lies his mosque as it was told, andit is mentioned also that Joseph ordered for his body to be carried out back beside his father Jacob atthe mosque of Abraham, and peace shall be upon our prophet and his Houseold from God, and Hismercy and blessings.

Joseph the Righteous (PUH)

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Joseph was the beloved son of Jacob, and almost he could not leave him alone. Joseph was a man ofnice face and shape, and so his father prefered him over his other children and even over himself andtook care of him so much beyond the known limits, and that was the reason for his brothers envyand for his troubles since he was a kid and for troubling his father with great matters such as beingaway from him for almost twenty years at least. The children of Jacob saw how Joseph got all theattention of their father and so they got mad about it and they were in young ages so they plottedagainst him and said to their father: O our father! Why wilt thou not trust us with Joseph, when lo!we are good friends to him ? Send him with us to-morrow that he may enjoy himself and play. Andlo! we shall take good care of him(Yousof:11-12). Then Jacob felt some danger from them but for hewas afraid on Joseph against them he did not show anything and tried hardly to keep his feelings andso he answered them: Lo! in truth it saddens me that ye should take him with you, and I fear less thewolf devour him while ye are heedless of him(Yousof:13), and God knows that he was afraid fromthem and not the wolf, and their answer to him did not contain any covenant or a promise to takecare of him and did not make a way for their father to disaprove so they said: If the wolf shoulddevour him when we are (so strong) a band, then surely we should have already perished(Yousof:14).It is mentioned that their land had some lions and at that time the lions were so beasty. They saidthat Jacob saw in his dream that ten wolves surrounded Joseph to kill him, and then one wolf ofthem jumped to protect him, and then as if the ground was cut into half and Joseph got into it deepinside then went out after three days, and for this he said: I fear less the wolf devour him, and in factthat was a lesson from him towards them but he did not feel it, for it is mentioned that at that timethey did not know that a wolf can devour a human, and as attributed to the prophet (PUH) that hesaid: do not teach how to lie and so you lie then, for the children of Jacob did not know before thatthe wolf can devour a human until their father told them so and so then they lied.

God had revealed in the chapter of Yousof in His holy book explanations about His servant Josephand whatever He revelaed upon him from troubles and tests and virtues and fortunes, so He gavehim what no one of the prophets did have, and tested him as no one before, so said God in thechapter of Yousof speaking to His beloved the prophet (PUH): We narrate unto thee (Muhammad)the best of narratives in that We have inspired in thee this Qur'an, though aforetime thou wast of theheedless(Yousof:3), so stories come from quran and other ways, and there is a difference between itsstories and stories brought by other sources, and God called it "best narratives" for it reached theultimate level of literature and rhyme with harmony, and it was been narrated in the best of waysbecause it contained the wonders and sermons, and because quran mostly tells the tidings of oldnations and of coming nations and tells what servenats may need for their after-life so all of that wasto be mentioned in the best rhyme and best order, and because the story of Joseph contains thejokes and wonders with benefits as no other story did for its details in a wide manner, it did not let aquestion to be in the mind of any one that might be asking about him, so then God said: WhenJoseph said unto his father: O my father! Lo! I saw in a dream eleven planets and the sun and themoon, I saw them prostrating themselves unto me. He said: O my dear son! Tell not thy brethren ofthy vision, lest they plot a plot against thee. Lo! Satan is for man an open foe(Yousof:4-5), and theysay the reason for revealing this chapter in quran was that some disbelievers in Mecca met somejews and they nagotiated about the condition of Muhammad (PUH) and so one of jews said: ask him(the prophet) why the family of Jacob moved from the lands of Shem to Egypt and ask him about thestory of Joseph, and so the chapter was revealed. What is apparent from the talk of Jacob to his sonJoseph which is "Tell not thy brethren of thy vision" is that they did not know about his dream and

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neither about telling their father about this dream but all of that happened without theirknowledgement.

What is mentioned in Torah is that all of that happened while his brothers were with him and thenhis father rebuked him for telling the dream in front of them and said to him: me and your motherand your brothers may prostrate for you, as for mocking at him, and this is the first point ofdifference. Then what is appointed by quran and its interpretations is that they asked their father tosend Joseph with them by saying: Send him with us to-morrow that he may enjoy himself and play.And lo! we shall take good care of him(Yousof:13), and in Torah is that his father sent him with themby his own will to check their manners and acts and then tell his father about what he saw, and forthis Torah claimed that he was seventeen years old, but the point is that anyone in this age would benot be under such action as his brothers did to him, and it is attributed to Torah: when he went withthem and they went far away with him and said: here comes the one of dreams wearing his strippedgarment (and it was a garment given to him by his father) and then they plotted a plot and theydecided to throw him in the well after getting his garment from him and never hurt him and tell theirfather that some devoured him. They said that when he was thrown into the well he was ten yearsold, and some said that he was twelve years old and some said nine and seven, and he met his fatheragain and he was forty years old. When they wanted to throw him in the well they said to him: takeoff your garment, so he cried and said: O brothers, take off my beholdings?! Then one of them got aknife towards him and said: if you do not take it off I will kill you, so he took it off and they got himdown into the well and went away, then Joseph said while he was in the well: O God of Abraham andIsaac and Jacob, have mercy upon me for my weakness and youth, and then a caravan came fromEgypt and its traders sent someone to get them water from the well, and when he put the bucketdown into the well, Joseph cought it tightly and when the man pulled the bucket back he felt theheaviness, so then he looked and saw a boy hanging on it with a beautiful face that he never sawbefore, so he left him and went back to his people and said: this is a boy, we can get him out and sellhim and make a trade out of him. His brothers were watching at that time for who will take him, andsome of them used to give him food while he was in the well and guard the well as well and neverleft him alone in any day as it is most famously announced, and when the caravan passed by the wellthey were there beside the well and when the traders insisted on taking him, his brothers came andsaid: this is a servant for us and he escaped away and we are seeking him. Then the brothers ofJoseph said to him: if you did not admit that you are a servant for us we would kill you withcarelessness, and when he knew the situation very well he accepted that without thinking, so thenthe caravan's traders said to Joseph: what do you say about what they are saying? He said: I am aservant for them, then the traders said to the brothers of Joseph: would you then sell him to us?They said: yes, and so they bought him from them and decided to sell him in Egypt, and they tookhim for a cheap price, and as attributed to Al-Ridhâ (PUH) that the price was twenty coins and it wasthe price of a hunting hound if it experienced some hunting. It is apparent that they had him fromtheir father as it had been told in quran and they went with him and decided to get him into the well.Then they came to their father at night crying, and said: O father, we went to race and left Josephbeside our things and the wolf devoured him and you won't believe us even if we were truthful, andgot his garment with a false blood, and this phrase "you won't believe us even if were were truthful"towards their father is because they felt that they were in the place of doubt for their father, andthey know that and they know that their father's intuition about what evil they were planning fortheir brother was not wrong, and their deed was not hidden from him and for this when he took the

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garment from their sinful hands and he did not find any tearing in it he said to them: how merciful isthis wolf that devoured my son Joseph without touching his garment. He said that for his sorrow forJoseph and for mocking at them and their lies, and when he knew clearly their situation he said: Nay,but your minds have beguiled you into something. (My course is) comely patience. And Allah it isWhose help is to be sought in that (predicament) which ye describe(Yousof:18). As attributed to Al-Bâqir (PUH) in general about the interpretation of God's saying: And they came with false blood onhis shirt(Yousof:18), is that they slain a ram over his shirt and polluted it with blood and said to eachother: we shall say to our father that the wolf devoured him, and when they did so, Levi said tothem: O people, do you think that God hide such tidings away from his prophet Jacob? So they said:what to do? He said: we shall go and wash up and pray together and ask God to hide this from hisprophets for He is Generous, and so they did, and the regulations of Abraham and Isaac and Jacobwas to pray as a group only if there are eleven men to do so, and so one stand up as a leader and tenbehind him to pray, so then they said: what to do now and we do not have a leader? Because all ofthem were ten only, then said Levi: we shall make God our leader, and then they prayed and weepedand asked God to never tell his prophet Jacob about what they did, and then they came to theirfather weeping with his shirt polluted with blood and said: O our father! We went racing one withanother, and left Joseph by our things...etc, so then their father Jacob said: how mad was that wolfover Joseph and how merciful it was for his shirt, for he devoured Joseph and did not tear his shirt.

Then the caravan that took Joseph carried him back to Egypt and sold him to a noble man of Egyptand he was called Al-Rayyân ben Al-Waleed as been told, so he who bought him said to his wife:Receive him honourably. Perchance he may prove useful to us or we may adopt him as a son, for theydid not have children and so they took care of him and educated him so fine, and so when he grewup, the wife of the noble loved him so much, and it said that no man cna look at him without likinghim, and no woman would look at him without loving him for his face was like a full moon, and thenthe wife of the noble tried to have a relation with him as it had been told by God saying: And she, inwhose house he was, asked of him an evil act(Yousof:23), then they said that she kept on trying toget him until happened what was mentioned in quran: She verily desired him, and he would havedesired her if it had not been that he saw the argument of his Lord(Yousof:14), then the wife of thenoble closed all the doors and went to an idol in her house and covered it with a cloth and said: so itwon't see us for I am shy of him. Then said said Joseph: you are shy of an idol that hears not and seesnot, and I shall not be shy of my Lord? Then he jumped off and ran and she ran after him, and hewants to get away from the door, and then the noble appeared from the door and saw their situationand it was as God said: And they raced with one another to the door, and she tore his shirt frombehind, and they met her lord and master at the door(Yousof:25), and then the wife of the noblesaid: What shall be his reward, who wisheth evil to thy folk, save prison or a painful doom ?(Yousof:25), then Joseph said: She it was who asked of me an evil act, and some say that Godinspired unto Joseph to say to the king (noble): ask this child that still in cradle then he will testifythat she was the one who started, then the noble asked the boy about what he saw, so then Godmade the child speak and testify for Joseph, and the child said: If his shirt is torn from before, thenshe speaketh truth and he is of the liars. And if his shirt is torn from behind, then she hath lied andhe is of the truthful, So when he saw his shirt torn from behind, he said: Lo! this is of the guile of youwomen. Lo! the guile of you is very great(Yousof:26-28), and then the noble said to Joseph: OJoseph! Turn away from this, and thou, (O woman), ask forgiveness for thy sin. Lo! thou art of thefaulty(Yousof: 29). It is then mentioned that when her tidings and conditions reached everyone in the

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city and the women of the nobles started to blame and talk about Zelikhâ' the wife of the noble asbeen told by the quran: And women in the city said: The ruler's wife is asking of her slave-boy an ill-deed(Yousof:30) , and she understood and knew what is the situation and the gossip in the city, andso she gathered them all and they sat on the place that was prepared for them, and then she gaveeach one of them a knife, a citron and a lemon and she ordered them to cut and eat, and then shesaid to Joseph: get out for them, and then when they saw him they became amazed and their heartsloved him and said: O God this is not a human but an angel, and they started cutting their handswithout feeling it for they were busy with looking at him and his beauty, and for this they said this isnot a human, and then the wife of the noble said: This is he on whose account ye blamed me. I askedof him an evil act, but he proved continent, but if he do not my behest he verily shall beimprisoned(Yousof:32). It is mentioned in tidings that after this event, every woman that saw himsent to him want him beside her, so he got much pain for that, and said: O my Lord! Prison is moredear than that unto which they urge me, and if Thou fend not off their wiles from me I shall inclineunto them and become of the foolish(Yousof:33), and so God answered his prays and fended off theirwiles. Then the wife of the noble ordered for him to be imprisoned, and it is mentioned about theinterpretations of God's saying: And it seemed good to them (the men-folk) after they had seen thesigns (of his innocence) to imprison him for a time(Yousof:35), and the signs were the testimony ofthe child and he was Zalikhâ's sister's son and he was three months old and he was in the cradle andJoseph used his testimony to prove his innocence, and the shirt the was tornfrom behind and Zalikhâtorn it for her love to Joseph when they raced to the door until that her husband heard her trials toget him and he was avoiding her, and when he refused, she did not leave him alone until she orderedfor him to be imprisoned. Then two young men went with him into the jail, some say that they wereservants for the king, one was the bread maker and the other was the cupbearer and they wereimprisoned for someone told the king that they were trying to poison him, and some say that theking appointed these two men to protect him, and when Joseph went into the jail they asked him:what is your craft? He answered: interpret dreams, and then one of them dreamt what wasmentioned in quran as: I dreamed that I was pressing wine(Yousof:36), and then Joseph said to him:you will be out of prison and manage the drink of the king and you will have a high place in his court,and the other said: dreamed that I was carrying upon my head bread whereof the birds were eating,but he actually did not see a dream, but he was lying only. Then Joseph said: you will kill and the kingwill kill you and crucify you and the birds will eat from your brain, so he said then: I did not see athing, then Joseph said: Thus is the case judged concerning which ye did inquire, and when thecupbearer wanted to go out of jail and he was the one that was saved, Joseph said to him: mentionme in the court of your lord but the devil made him forget about him as it was mentioned in quranand he stayed some more years.

Some historians say: Joseph was for his master, before the event with the wife of the noble tookplace, he was the owner of commands and the head of his servants and also the one that used tocontrol his house and no one in the house has a higher place than him except for his master and hiswife, and God guided Joseph and educated him, and taught him great knowledgement, and Godappointed that by saying: Thus we established Joseph in the land that We might teach him theinterpretation of events. And Allah was predominant in His career, but most of mankind know not.And when he reached his prime We gave him wisdom and knowledge. Thus We reward thegood(Yousof:21-22).

Gifts Are in Troubles

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God's gift to Joseph was in his beauty which was a source of trouble for him, and his first trouble wasa source for the greatest gift for him and for his household, and some said: maybe gifts are introubles, and his troubles started by the wife of the noble by looking at him and at his manners withhis unusual beauty and so then he owned herself and she became a prisoner of his love and thatincreased by each time she used to see him until love took off her shyness and she started to flirtwith Joseph but he was refusing for two things, his faith in God and God's protection for him and hissincerity to God and God's purification for him as well as for his fathers Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac andJacob (PUT), and the second thing is that her husband was his master that was generous towards himand gave him a full control over the house and trusted him like no one else, and how come someonelike him to face such gifts with such a great awful deed, and if some man does not have a religion anddoes not believe in the after-life, he would not face such gifts with such an awful deed.

Joseph was so careful for her tricks and kept of saving his dignity ad honour and his high place untilshe got excited by love and went on to satisfy her desires and said it frankly to him and called him toher as a master would command his servant to do something without refusing, and she preparedeverything, and so she lifted up her veil and she appeared to him with her full ornaments and shewas pretty, and was one of the prettiest women at her time, and then she closed the doors and saidto him: come to me, but he denied and said: I seek refuge in God! Lo! he is my lord, who hath treatedme honourably. Lo! wrong-doers never prosper. Look to this trouble and critical situation that showsthe strong faith and honour. A young man is called by his beautiful lady but he refuses for the sake ofhis faith and religion and for the sake of his master as well, and then he faces the door to escapefrom the devil of her evil act while she was pulling his shirt until it was torn from behind, and he getsaway from her and they both race toward the door, he wants to open it and she want to keep himaway from that, and then shows up her master and her husband, this is a weird scene and a strangematter, so meditate and read the holy phrases that are related to this matter from the chapter ofYousof: And she, in whose house he was, asked of him an evil act. She bolted the doors and said:Come! He said: I seek refuge in Allah! Lo! he is my lord, who hath treated me honourably. Lo! wrong-doers never prosper. She verily desired him, and he would have desired her if it had not been that hesaw the argument of his Lord. Thus it was, that We might ward off from him evil and lewdness. Lo!he was of Our chosen slaves(Yousof:23-24).

Maybe what is meant by "he is my lord, who hath treated me honourably" is the noble of Egypt, andhe is Al-Rayyân ben Al-Waleed, the giant and the husband of Zalikhâ, and in Torah he is Qatfeer(Potiphar) as it had been told, and we've pointed out that before that he took care of him andeducated him to be for him as a son, and for this his reward should not be dishonesty, and also forthat God, his Creator, gifted him and made the heart of His servants so kind to him, so how should hedo wrong against Him. Many sayings had been told about the interpretation of God's saying "and hewould have desired her if it had not been that he saw the argument of his Lord", for that everyoneknows that he is infallible, and the best of interpretations is that he refused for he saw the argumentof his Lord and it is understood from "would." What is attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) is that theargument was the prophecy that prevents wrong-doings, and as attributed to Al-Ridhâ (PUH) in hisanswer to Al-Ma'mun's [an Abbasid ruler] question about the infallibility of the prophets and God'ssaying "and he would have desired her...etc" is that if he did not see the argument of his Lord hewould desired her as she desired him but he was infallible and the infallible man would not desire aguilt and never do a wrong-doing. It is said that he desired not to do while she desired to do [noticethat the English translation for the holy phrase from quran differ a bit from that in Arabic], and in

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another saying: she desired the wrong-doing but Joseph desired her to kill her if she forced him, soGod avoided him the killing and adultery, and it is God's saying: Thus it was, that We might ward offfrom him evil and lewdness(Yousof:24), which means killing and adultery. We've mentioned thatwhen she desired him she went to an idol and covered him with a cloth, so then Joseph said to her:are you shy of what hears not, sees not, understand not, eats not and drinks not and I do not be shyof who created the man and taught him? And that is God's saying: if it had not been that he saw theargument of his Lord(Yousof:24) as it is attributed to Al-Sajjâd (PUH). They attributed some things toJoseph and some tales that could not be mentioned by a muslim or believe in, most of themattributed to the interpretation of God's saying: She verily desired him, and he would have desiredher..etc. Some of them said that the wife of the noble desired Joseph and he desired her and satbeside her and just before the doing Gabriel came down and told him that he will be a prophet andthis is the argument of his Lord, and some said that the argument was that he saw the face of hisfather rebuking him for doing so, and another said that when Joseph was in that condition God calledhim and said to him: O Joseph you are destined to be with the prophets, and you are doing the deedsof wrong-doers? The saying that such a deed was done by him before he becomes a prophet andsuch a deed is not avoided by prophets before their prophecy and such cold sayings are all might beissued by foolish people or people that are not ashamed by themselves. Some scholars said: some ofthem who have relations to this story, and they are Joseph, the noble's wife and her husband, thewomen, and the witnesses, the devil and God, they all emphasized the innocence of Joseph so nomuslim should discuss this matter. Joseph said: She it was who asked of me an evil act(Yousof:26),and also he said: O my Lord! Prison is more dear than that unto which they urge me(Yousof:33), andthe woman (wife of the noble) said: I asked of him an evil act, but he proved continent(Yousof:32),and also she said: Now the truth is out. I asked of him an evil act(Yousof:51), and her husband said:Lo! this is of the guile of you women. Lo! the guile of you is very great(Yousof:28). The women said:The ruler's wife is asking of her slave-boy an ill-deed. Indeed he has smitten her to the heart withlove. We behold her in plain aberration(Yousof:30), and also they said: Allah Blameless! We know noevil of him(Yousof:51), and the witnesses said: And a witness of her own folk testifie..etc(Yousof:26).God said: Thus it was, that We might ward off from him evil and lewdness. Lo! he was of Our chosenslaves(Yousof:24), and the Satan confirmed this by saying: Then, by Thy might, I surely will beguilethem every one, Save Thy single-minded slaves among them(Sad:82-83), and so he admitted that hewill not be able to beguile Joseph because he is one of His single-minded slaves (chosen slaves), asGod said about Joseph before. We say that those silly people that attributed to Joseph such evil actor deed, if they were muslims and follow the religion of God, they must accept God's describion forJoseph for his purification and infallibility, and if they were followers for Satan they must also acceptthe confession of the Satan about the infallibility of Joseph as well. About this matter, said Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr: the people that said such things did not understand God's saying: Thus it was, thatWe might ward off from him evil and lewdness. Lo! he was of Our chosen slaves(Yousof:24), so howcome He wards off from him evil while he was ready to do the evil-act and listened already to thedevil and how come he did not stop as they said except after he saw things that made him keep awayand then he is described as one of the chosen slaves? Then he continued: the one who said suchsayings (about Joseph) is ignorant about God's saying: Allah knoweth best with whom to place Hismessage(Al-An`âm:124), so God's message is chosen for those who have the good deeds, and Goddoes not choose for His message those people of evil-acts, and He choose them to carry on Hismessage and prevents them from anything that can be a source of mocking at them, and what isgreater in shame more than someone going to do an evil-act and never back until he sees something

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that makes him keep away, thus he (`Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr) did say good, and he did good bypointing out that God's desire to guide people and teach them does not coincide with someone thatdid something bad or evil-act.

Zalikhâ, the wife of the noble, loved Joseph or his beauty but he did not care about it and did notchange his position towards God who gave him the greatest of virtues, and she was defamed for thefirst time by her love and she lied to get rid of the shame and to take revenge of him for not obeyingher commands, and so her excuse was worse than her guilt inspite of her love to him that reachedthe core of her heart, but she was not good in getting rid blame by doing this, and she had thechance to get to the right path again but love took over her again and she promised him to beimprisoned if he did not obey her wishes, and all of that got into the public and women started totalk about her and blame her for doing such a thing and then she started to plot against them, andshe invited some of them who blamed her and prepared the fruit and knives and then she orderedhim to show up for them and when they saw him they started cutting their hands and shared his lovewith her and to ask for the evil act, because his beauty is not something that human beings used tosee, for his beauty is above the beauty of human beings, and then she said to them: She said: This ishe on whose account ye blamed me. I asked of him an evil act, but he proved continent, but if he donot my behest he verily shall be imprisoned, and verily shall be of those brought low(Yousof:32).

Getting Joseph Into The Jail

When things got greater for the noble to hide, he did not find any solution for this except by puttingJoseph into the jail to get rid of the shame and avoid tongues to talk about it, to make people believethat he did not put him in the jail except for that he is a liar to claim innocence, and so God said: Andit seemed good to them (the men-folk) after they had seen the signs (of his innocence) to imprisonhim for a time(Yousof:35). When he went into the jail and the guard saw him, he said to Joseph: I likeyou, then Joseph (PUH) said: nothing brought me to this condition except love, and so my maternalaunt loved me and that made her steal me away, and my father loved me and that made my brothersenvy me, and the wife of the noble loved me and so she sent me to jail for her love..etc. So thereward of he who saved the house was as the reward of Sanimmâr [Sanimmâr: they say he was aRoman architect that built a castle for one Arabian king before Islam that was called Al-Nu`mân, afterfinishing the building of the castle he said to the king I know only one piece that I know in this castle,if removed the castle would come down, so the king killed him so no one would know his secret, andthe story went as a proverb for a bad reward in exchange of the good deeds], and so the noble didnot hurt the one that sacrified with her reputation and with her dignity and her husband's dignity,but he used the dignity of the innocent as a ransom for her reputation, and so it was like life, likedalthough it hurts a lot, and although it is known it will end some day. We've pointed out that Josephhad two men going with him into the jail, one of them was the chief baker for the king and thesecond was the cupbearer, and their charge was betrayal, and then they approached Joseph afterthey knew his high place and his knowledge about interpreting the dreams and one of them told himthat he saw that he takes the grapes and make a juice out of it in the cup of the king and the othersaid that he saw that he was carrying a basket of bread and the birds were eating from it,and theyrequested from him to interpret their dreams, and when he (Joseph) saw them as persons that docare about his speech and to be trusted he showed them the truth about himself and about hisbeliefs and the he is following the religion of his fathers, Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac and Jacob, and heis believing in one God, so Joseph wanted them to follow his path and believe in the One God and he

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guided them to the straight way as the prophets and viceroys would do, and he made them specialfor telling them about their dreams interpretations, telling them so was a clue that he was indeed ofa high place and a prophet, and to strengthen their desire to listen to him and trust him he askedthem then: Are divers lords better, or Allah the One, Almighty?(Yousof:39). The purpose of Joseph(PUH) was to show his religion and call for it and God made him able to do so and made him able tointerpret the dreams, and then he said to them that no food comes to them that he does not knowits interpretation before it comes to them and all of that is of what God taught him, and he believesin Him and only Him and disbelieve in all the gods. Then after telling them all of that he answseredtheir request by saying: O my two fellow-prisoners! As for one of you, he will pour out wine for hislord to drink, and this one is the saved man, and as for the other, he will be crucified so that the birdswill eat from his head. Thus is the case judged concerning which ye did inquire. The truth was as ithad been told by him, and he asked the saved man to remember him in the presense of his lord andask the noble of Egypt to release him, but the devil made him forget all of that and for this Josephstayed in the jail for more years. As attributed to `Ali ben Ibrâhim that he said: when the king (ornoble) ordered for Joseph to be imprisoned, god inspired him with the ability to interpret thedreams, and so he interpreted the dreams for the prisoners until the two men asked him about theinterpretations for their dreams, and when he interpreted their dreams he said to the one thatwould be saved: remember me in the presense of thy lord, and he did not ask God for such thing,then God inspired unto him: who made you see the dream, and he means the first dream as was toldby God: I saw in a dream eleven planets..etc(Yousof:4), and who made you beloved to your father,and who guided the caravan to your place, and who taught you how to call (pray) so I made you outof the well, and who made the child speak so to make you innocent, and who made you able tointerpret the dreams? Then he said: You O my Lord, then God said to him: then how come you askedfor help from someone else other than Me, and seeked hope from one of My servants to rememberyou in the presense of a creature of My own creations, and so he stayed then some more years injail. As attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said they were seven years. Then Joseph said: I ask You bythe rights of my fathers to release me, so then God inspired to Joseph: O Joseph, what rights yourfathers have? Your father Adam I made him with My own Hands and breathed in him from My souland made him dwell in My paradise and ordered him not to eat from that tree but he did what Iprohibited, and asked for repentace and I gave it to him, and your father Noah I did choose himamong the rest of My creation and I made him a prophet to his people, and when they refused himhe prayed to Me and I answered him and saved him and his followers in the ark, and your fatherAbraham I did choose him as a friend and saved him from the fire, and your father Jacob I gave himtwelve sons and I made only one of them absent and he kept on crying until his sight begone and saton the roads complaining, so what rights do your fathers have? Then Gabriel said: O Joseph say: O Iask You by Your great gifts and by Your old Goodness, and then when he said it, the king saw thatdream and then he was released from the jail. It is said that when the period of time is almost overand God permitted his release, he put his cheek on the ground and said: O God, if my sins wore outmy face in front of You, then I shall ask You, by the faces of my faithful fathers, Abraham and Ishmaeland Isaac and Jacob, to release me, and so then God released him, and then the Imam (PUH) wasasked [the author did not mention which Imam is meant here]: shall we pray with in similar manner?He (PUH) said: pray the same and say: O God if my sins wore out my face in front of You then I shallask you by Your prophet, the prophet of mercy, Muhammad and `Ali, and Fâtima and Al-Hasan andAl-Husain and the nine Imams from the descendants of Al-Husain to do (whatsoever here andmention your own request). As attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said: when Joseph was in jail he

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complained to God about eating the bread alone and asked for some variation, and he had at thattime lot of dry bread pieces, so He ordered him to make all the bread in one basket and pour wateron it with some salt and then it becomes easy to eat, and he (PUH) said also: the Criers are five,Adam, Jacob, Joseph, Fâtima the daughter of Muhammad (PUH), and `Ali ben Al-Husain (PUH), forAdam he cried for paradise until his tears made like valleys on his face, and Jacob cried for Josephuntil he became blind, and Joseph cried for Jacob until the prisoners were annoyed and said to him:either you cry in daytime and be silent at night or cry at night and be silent at daytime, and so heagreed on one of the choices, and for Fâtima (PUH) she cried for her father the prophet Muhammad(PUH) until the people of Medina were annoyed of her and said to her: you annoyed us for yourcrying, so then after that she started to go out to the graves of martyrs and cry there and when shefinishes she gets back home, and for `Ali ben Al-Husain (PUH) he cried for forty years for his father Al-Husain ben `Ali (PUH), and no food nor a drink would be presented to him without him been cryinguntil a servant for him said to him: O may I be a ransom for you, I am afraid that your doom is closefor all of this, so he answered him: but I complain about my sadness to God and I know from Godwhat you know not, and everytime I remember the troubles of the children of Fâtima I can not stopcrying. And as attributed to Ibn `Abbâs that he said: Joseph stayed in the house of the king (or noble)and Zalikhâ for three years and then she loved him and asked him the evil act, and they say that shekept his love for seven years while he was in her house and she used to look at him while she used tostand on her feet's fingers while he used to keep his eyes to the ground for his faith in God, and shesaid to him one day: lift up your head and look at me, he said: I am afraid of becoming a blind, shesaid then: O how beautiful are your eyes! He then said: they will be the first to fall down on my cheekwhen I am in my grave, she said then: O how beautiful is scent, he answered then: if you smelled meafter three days after my death you would escape away from me. She said then: why don't you getcloser to me? He answered: I wish by that the closeness to my God, she said: to my silky bed tosatisfy me, he said then: I am afraid that my share of paradise I will lose, then she said: I will put youunder torture, he said then: God is enough for me. It is mentioned that the women that weregathered by Zalikhâ then said to Joseph: go and obey your lady for she is wronged and you are unjustto her. God said: Lo! the guile of you is very great(Yousof:28), for their guile is more greater than theguile of the devil for they show it apparently and their guile get to the heart, but the guile of thedevil is done in secret, so the guile of women is greater than the guile of devil.

It is mentioned that Zalikhâ said to her husband: this slave defamed me among the people and I cannot give an excuse for this, so either you allow me to get out to the public and apologize or youimprison him as you are imprisoning me, and so he did although he knew his innocence, and someinterpretations about Joseph saying: O my Lord! Prison is more dear than that unto which they urgeme(Yousof:33), that Joseph chose that as to escape from their guile, and he did not chose God'swillings and His choice, and not as our prophet (PUH) that used to take refuse in God whenever he isin need and pray with the pray of Al-Iftiqâr [the name of the pray] and he used to say whenever he isin need: O Flipper of hearts and sights, make my heart stable for obeying You, and so God thenanswers his requests nad fulfills his needs, and saved him against his enemies, and made himinfallible in public and in secret, and Joseph by his choice was sent to jail, and not as our prophet(PUH) for he chose God to make the choices for him and not making them by himself, and Jacobwhen trusted his children to take care of Joseph and then they threw him into the well and took hisshirt by force while he was saying: O brothers do not do that to me and give me the shirt to covermyself with, and they said to him: let the sun and the moon with the eleven planets amuse you, and

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then they put him in the well and when he reached the middle of it they threw him to the groundasking for his death and the well had some water so he fell on it and stood upon a rock that wasthere and his brother Judah used to bring him food as historians said, and they say that the well wasenlightened as a mercy from God unto him and the water was turned to be so fine that it made himsatisfied away from other foods and drinks and then his brothers sold him to the caravan, and all ofthat happened because they did not follow the choice of God since the beginning although theywere so faithful, and we've mentioned that tests from God to His prophets and viceroys are faster tooccur than His tests to His enemies, and God draws them and make them get more into their wrong-doings as if the life was their paradise and then in the after-life they have no other choice but hell,and then when Jacob took refuse in God for his son Benjamin when he sent him with his brothersand he depended on God to save him and said: Allah is better at guarding, and He is the MostMerciful of those who show mercy(Yousof:64), only then God made him on the throne of thekingdom and got Joseph back to him and got the people out of their troubles, so meditate O peopleof hearts and get benefit from God's mercy for eternal gifts. As attributed to many trusted sourcesthey reported to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said about the sadness of Jacob for Joseph: it was like thesadness of seventy women lost their children. It is mentioned also that when Joseph was in theprison, Gabriel (PUH) came down and said: God had tested you and your father and God will releaseyou from this jail so ask God by Muhammad and his Household to release you from this, so thenJoseph said: O God I ask You by Muhammad and his Household to release me and make me out ofmy troubles, so then Gabriel said: O Righteous, God will release you after three days and will give youthe kingdom of Egypt and their people, and then at that night the king saw a dream that made himafraid and he told it to his assistors but they did not how to interpret it, and then the man that wassaved from the jail remembered Joseph and said: O king send me to the jail for there are a righteouswise man, and I with that man that you crucified him after his killing, we both saw dreams and heinterpreted them for us and it was as he said, and that man was crucified and I was saved, so the kingto said to him: go to him and ask him about my dream, and so he went and asked Joseph: Joseph! Othou truthful one! Expound for us the seven fat kine..etc(Yousof:46), and when he gave his messageto the king and told him about what will happen as told by the king's dream, the king said then: Bringhim unto me that I may attach him to my person, and when they told Joseph the king's message,Joseph said then: how shall I be safe with him and he imprisoned me for years although he knows myinnocence? So when the king heard about his answer he sent his messangers to the women andasked them: What happened when ye asked an evil act of Joseph? They answered: Allah Blameless!We know no evil of him(Yousof:51), so he (the king) sent to him and got him out of the jail, and whenhe talked to him, he liked his speech and his wisdom, so then said the king: tell my dream, I want tohear it from you, so then Joseph mentioned it as the king saw in his sleep and then interpreted thedream for the king, and then the king said: you told the truth, so who will save me from suchtroubles? Then said Joseph: God inspired to me that I will take care of the matter in these fertilecoming years and I will keep food stored in the granaries for the years of famine, by the will of God.

Getting Out From The Jail to The King of Egypt

God desired not but to make things go along for a reason, for He said: We made a reason foreverything. When God wanted to release Joseph (PUH) after many years in jail, He prepared a reasonfor him, and the king saw his dream about seven fat cows getting out of the river and went into agreen field, then he saw seven ugly thin cows getting out of the river also and ate the seven fat cows,then he woke up and slept again and then he saw seven good ears of grain and behind them seven

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bad ears of grain, and the bad grains ate the good ones, and then in the morning the king became soannoyed about these two dreams. Then he called for the magicians and priests to interpret thisdream, but none could give an answer, and they said to him: Jumbled dreams! And we are notknowing in the interpretation of dreams(Yousof:44). At that time the cupbearer recognized andremembered what happened to him with his friend with Joseph (PUH) in the prison and so pointedout to the king that only Joseph can solve this puzzle, and he interpreted their dreams as if he waslooking what will happen by his eyes, and so when he suggested that to the king and suggested thathe goes to Joseph in jail and ask him, the king sent him to Joseph and when he saw him he said:Joseph! O thou truthful one! Expound for us the seven fat kine which seven lean were eating and theseven green ears of corn and other (seven) dry(Yousof:46). Then Joseph (PUH) interpreted that forhim and that is Egypt will face seven fertile years and then will be followed by dry seven years thatwill empty the granaries from grains, and so they have to manage this so that when the dry sevenyears come they would find something to live by until things would get back to normal as it wasbefore.

Then the cupbearer got back to the king with his interpretation with details, and when he heard thathe got delighted and knew that it is the truth for it goes along with the dream's symbols, and also forhe knew before how truthful he is, and also he interpreted the dreams for the servants and ithappened as he said, then the king said: bring him to me, and when he ordered that, Joseph deniedgoing out of the prison until he knows that reason for being here in the first place and asked the kingto ask the women that cut their hands before, and so when he brought them and asked them aboutJoseph they said: Allah Blameless! We know no evil of him, God did say about that: And the king said:Bring him unto me. And when the messenger came unto him, he (Joseph) said: Return unto thy lordand ask him what was the case of the women who cut their hands. Lo! my Lord knoweth theirguile..etc(Yousof:50). Joseph did not like going out of the jail with people considering him still as acriminal, and so he desired not to go out of jail unless with honour and innocence and never mockedfor any mistake, and when all the women testified that he was innocent then the wife of the king(noble) found no escape to confess and admit the truth and for this she said: Now the truth is out. Iasked of him an evil act, and he is surely of the truthful(Yousof:51).

What we understand that Joseph (PUH) had a high place in jail and everyone respected him and hebecame like a ruler for the jail and everyone that comes in there and this is pointed out by thespeech of the cupbearer of the king and also the king's messenger with Joseph when he said"Joseph! O thou truthful one!, Expound for us the seven fat kine..etc." Then when the womentestified for the innocence of Joseph and the wife of the noble (king) saw that the one who put himin prison, now working on getting him closer, and that the charges made against him did not changeanything of his high place, she became humble for his high place and gave up her anger against himand became tender towards him for he had places in her heart, and she got back to the path of truthafter charging him for things he did not do, while she insisted on that all the past years, and so sheconfessed what no woman would confess against herself, and she gave up the secret that she keptaway from her husband and her relatives and said: Now the truth is out. I asked of him an evil act,and he is surely of the truthful. (Then Joseph said: I asked for) this, that he (my lord) may know that Ibetrayed him not in secret(Yousof:51-52), and she said: I do not exculpate myself. Lo! the (human)soul enjoineth unto evil(Yousof:53), and when the noble of Egypt saw the situation and saw how highis Joseph and how he is able to do what others can not do, and how trustful he is, he ordered for himto be out of jail and said to him: Lo! thou art to-day in our presence established and

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trusted(Yousof:54), and since Joseph did not mind going out to the king, he went out and answeredthe king for his request, and he liked his logic and his wisdom, he (the king) asked him: what job youlike to take that brings happiness to you? So he said: Set me over the storehouses of the land. Lo! Iam a skilled custodian(Yousof:55), and so God said: Thus gave We power to Joseph in the land. Hewas the owner of it where he pleased(Yousof:56). Al-Þa`labi mentioned in his book "`Arâ'is Al-Majâlis" that the king of egypt which was Al-Rayyân ben Al-Waleed believed in God by the help ofJoseph after that he saw how truthful he was and made Joseph take care of the storehouses in theland. Also said Al-Þa`labi: when Al-Rayyân died, Qâbus ben Mos`ab ben Al-Rayyân became a kingafter him, and he did not believe in God and was a tyrant, and he died, then his brother Abu-Al-`Abbâs Al-Waleed ben Mos`ab ben Al-Rayyân became a king. It is seems to be that Al-Rayyân ben Al-Waleed was their grandfather and the speech of Al-Þa`labi was about the conditions of Moses (PUH)and it is a long speech with lot of details, and he mentioned that the pharaohs that ruled theIsraelites were four: Al-Rayyân, the noble of Egypt, and Qâbus ben Mos`ab, and his brother Al-Waleed ben Mos`ab ben Al-Rayyân and the fourth was the pharaoh of Moses (PUH) and he was themost tyrant of all, and God knows better. About this matter, Torah mentioned what is in summary:Then Joseph said to them: you must save the fifth of the lands production in the fertile years for thedry years, and to be ready to face famine, and this should be done by guards all over the land. Thenthe pharaoh said to his soldiers: can we find someone like this man? Then he looked at Joseph andsaid: we do not have someone like you in wisdom so you shall manage all the matters, but I will behigher than you in place, and also said the pharaoh to him: I've appointed you all over the land ofEgypt, and then took off his ring from his finger and placed it in the hand of Joseph, and made himwear his clothes and put around his neck a golden necklace and made him ride in his second chariotand called for the people to prostrate before him, and he appointed him all over the land of Egyptand the owner of commands and he made him marry the daughter of Futi-Fâre` (Potiphera) thepriest of Ur-Asnât (On), and Joseph at that time was thirty years old when he had the kingdom ofEgypt and married Asnât (Asenath), then Joseph went out all around Egypt to note what should bedone for the hard years and to face the famine, and then he went on working to order and took careof matters in all the fields and crafts, and only the king was higher than him.

What we understand from clues is that after the death of the king of Egypt all the rule came into thehands of Joseph without anyone opposing this for they knew how just and wise he was, and therewere no bad deeds for him to mock at him, and so he was a brilliant worker and wise noble, and soJoseph became the king after the death of the king, and all the others were his assistors, and it ismentioned that after the death of the king and that was during the dry years, the wife of the king,Zalikhâ became so poor and needy, so they said to her: wouldn't you see the king, and it was Joseph(PUH), she said: I am shy of him, but they insisted until they made her sit in his way, and so whenJoseph approached with his march she stood for him and said to him: O thanks be to God that madethe kings slaves by the evil acts, and made the slaves kings by their worshipping, so then Joseph saidto her and she was old: did not you do me this and that? She said then: O prophet of God do notblame me, I was troubles with three that none was troubled with before, and he asked: what arethey? She said: I was troubled with your love and God did not create some one like you, and I wastroubled with my beauty for there were no woman as pretty as I was and nor had money as much asI did, and I was troubled with my husband for he was impotent, so then Joseph said to her: what isyour need? She said: ask God to get me back my youth, and so he did and her youth was back to her,and then Joseph married her and she was virgin, and there is another tale about this matter but

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incremented with that he mentioned Muhammad (PUH) and mentioned that he is better than him increation and so she believed in him and God ordered him to marry her and so he did.

The Beginning of Easiness For The Household of Jacob (PUH)

As attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said: a nomad came to Joseph to buy some food and he soldsome to him, and when he finished Joseph said to him: where is your home? He answered: in (some)location, so then he said to him: if you passed by a valley called (so and so) stand by and call "OJacob, O Jacob" and then an old man with nice face will come out to you, then say to him that youmet a man in Egypt and he says peace for you and says that your savings in that hands of God willnever astray, and so when the nomad reached that location he called: O Jacob, O Jacob, so then anold and tall blind man got out for him keeping his track by his hand on the walls, and so then he toldhim what Joseph told him to say, and when he heard it he fell down in a coma, then he woke up andsaid to the nomad: O nomad, need anything from God? He said: yes, I am a man with lot of moneyand I have a cousin that I did not have any children from and I would like you to ask God for me tohave children, and so he did, and the nomad's wife got pregnant for four times and in each time shegave birth for a twin. Jacob knew that Joseph was alive and did not die and God will show him afterhis absence, and used to say to his children: I know from God that which ye know not. They say thatJacob went to some one for some purpose, and the man said to him: why you are so old as I see younow? He answered: sadness and troubled, and then when he reached the door God inspired to him:O Jacob, you've complained about me to some of my servants, so he fell down prostrating at thedoor step and he was saying: I will not do it again, then God inspired to him: I forgive you for this, butdo not do it again, and then he did not complain about any of life's troubles to any one, but one dayhe said: I expose my distress and anguish only unto Allah, and I know from Allah that which ye knownot(Yousof:86). We've mentioned before how sad Jacob was for Joseph in the tale attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) when he said: like the sadness of seventy mothers that lost their children. It is attributedto Ibn-`Abbâs that he said: when the household of Jacob suffered as all other people suffered offamine, he (Jacob) gathered his children and said to them: O children I've heard that in Egypt theysell there some nice food and it's owned by a faithful man, so go to him and buy some food fromhim, so then they went to Egypt and they went to Joseph and he knew them but they knew him not,so he asked them about their lands and their tribes and where are they from, so they said: we arethe children of Jacob ben Isaac ben Abraham, the friend of God, so he said to them: then, you havethree prophets but I do not see any respect in you, and you might be spies from other lands, so theysaid to him: O king, we are not spies nor seeking a war, and if you know our father you would greetus with hospitality for he is one of God's prophets and a son of prophets and he is sad, so thenJoseph said to them: and why he is sad and he is a prophet of God and also son of prophets andparadise must be his place and he have you for his strength, maybe he is sad for your silliness, thenthey said: O king we are not silly and he is not sad because of us, but once he had a son that was theyoungest of us and he was called Joseph and then he went us for hunting but the wolf devoured himand so he is still sad for him, so then said Joseph: all of you from one father and one mother? Theysaid: our father is one but our mothers are different, then he said to them: what made your fatherrelease you all without keeping one to be with him for his aid? They said: he did indeed and he gotthe youngest of us, he said to them: and why did he choose him? They said: for he is the mostbeloved child for him after Joseph, then Joseph said to them: I will keep one of them with me here,and you get back to your father and say peace from me to him and tell him to send me his son thatyou claimed that he is keeping with him to tell me what made him (Jacob) sad, and what made him

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become so old that fast and what made him blind after crying, and when he said that and they knewthat there is no escape from this, they made a ballotting and so Sham`un (Simeon) was chosen forthis and so he (Joseph) ordered for him to be imprisoned, and when they said the farewell to Simeonhe said to them: O brothers, see what trouble I am in and say peace to my father from me, so theysaid the farewell and went to the lands of Shem and got to Jacob (PUH) and they said the peace forhim so then he said to them: O children, why I do not hear the voice of Simeon? They said: O fatherwe came from a king that people saw no one like him in wisdom and riches, and if you have someonesimilar to you then he is the one but we are a household that was made for troubles, and the kingcharged us and did not believe us unless you send Benjamin with us with a message from you tellinghim about your sadness and about the reason for becoming so old so fast and about your crying andblindness, so then Jacob thought that this is a plot that they made so he said to them: woe to you Omy children for your habit, everytime you go out for a purpose one of you is missed, I will not sendhim with you.When they opened their when they opened their belongings they discovered that theirmerchandise had been returned to them. They said: O our father! What (more) can we ask? Here isour merchandise returned to us, then Jacob said: you knew that Benjamin is beloved to me afteryour brother Joseph and with him is my joy, so I will not send him with you till ye give me anundertaking in the name of Allah that ye will bring him back to me, unless ye are surrounded, thenJudah assured him for this and they went out until they reached Egypt and went to Joseph and saidto him: did you tell my message? They said: yes, and this kid have your answers so ask him aboutwhat you want, so Joseph said to him: what did your father send you to me for? He said: he sent meto you to say peace for you and he says that you sent messengers asking about my sadness and why Igot older so fast and about my crying and blindness, for the saddest of people are those whoremember the after-life, and been older so fast for I do remember the doomsday always, my cryingand blindness all are for my beloved Joseph, and I've been told that you are sad for my sadness andyou cared about my story and may God rewards you with the best, and the best you can do to me isthat you send me back my son Benjamin for he is my beloved son after Joseph, and hurry up withwhat I can help by my children. When he said all of that, Joseph could not hold hisself and wentinside crying for one hour and then he went out and ordered for some food for them and said tothem: every group of one mother let them sit together on one table, so they sat but Benjamin kepton standing, so then he said to him: why don't you take a seat? He said: none of them is my brotherfrom the same mother, then Joseph said: yes there is one, but they claimed that the wolf devouredhim, then said: how sad are you for him? He (Benjamin) said: I had twelve children and everyone ofthem have a name that is derived from his name (Joseph's name), then said Joseph: seems you ranafter women and children after him, so then said Benjamin: I have a faithful father and he said to meonce: get married maybe God will give you children that fill the lands with their hyming to God, sothen Joseph said to him: come and sit with me on my own table, then his brothers said: Godpreferred Joseph and his brother even the king made him sit with him, and then Joseph ordered forthe cup of the king to be in the saddlebag of Benjamin

Another Tale

As attributed to `Ali ben Ibrâhim that he said: the distance between Joseph and his father tookeighteen days to travel, and he was in a desert and the people went to Egypt to get some food, andJacob with his children were in a desert that had some moqal (it is a type of plants that was used forfire at that time as it is known in the langiuage) [I could not find an exact translation for this plant'sname so I typed it as it is], so the brothers of Joseph took of that moqal and carried it to Egypt to buy

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with it some food, and some said that their trade were some shoes, and Joseph used to take care ofthe selling by himself, and when they went to him he knew them but they did not know him, and heprepared them well and then said to them: who are you? They said: we are the children of Jacob, sohe said to them: what is your father's craft? They said: he is a weak old man, he said: you haveanother brother? They said: we have a brother from our father but not our mothers, then he said:when you get back to me get him with you, and if you did not then no food to sell to you and neverget closer, they said then: we will trick our father to take him, so then Joseph ordered for their stuffto be with them so when they see it they come back to him, and when they got back to their fatherthey said: O our father! What (more) can we ask? Here is our merchandise returned to us, Themeasure is denied us, so send with us our brother Benjamin that we may obtain the measure, surelywe will guard him well, then said Jacob: Can I entrust him to you save as I entrusted his brother toyou aforetime? I will not send him with you till ye give me an undertaking in the name of God that yewill bring him back to me, unless ye are surrounded and can not protect him anymore, so they tookhim and went out and Jacob told them: do not go there from one gate but go in from several gates,and I can not protect you against God's will for He has the judgement, and when they went as theirfather ordered them nothing saved them but God, and it was for a purpose that Jacob kept in his souland he was a wise man.

It is mentioned that when Benjamin went with them he did not use to sit with them or talk to themor even eat with them, and when they went to Joseph, he (Joseph) knew him just by looking, and hesat away from the rest, so then said Joseph: are you their brother? He said: yes, he asked then: whydon't you sit with them? He said: for they went out with my brother from my own mother and fatherand came back claiming that the wolf devoured him so I promised myself not to sit with them ever aslong as I am alive.He asked him then: did you get married and got some children? He answered: yes,three children, I called one of them "the wolf" and the second I called "the shirt" and the third Icalled "the blood", so then Joseph said to him: how did you choose these names? He answered: so Iwill not forget my brother, and so whenever I call one of my children I remember my own brother,and when the children of Jacob wanted to go out, Joseph said to his brother: I, even I, am thybrother, therefore sorrow not for what they did, then he said to him: I would like to keep you withme, so he said: my brothers will not let me for they promised my father to bring me back to him, sothen he said: I have a trick, and then when he prepared them and gave them what they need, he(Joseph) said to some of his assistors: put this cup in the saddlebags of Benjamin, and the cup wasmade of gold and they put it in his saddlebag and no one could notice, and when they got up totravel back, Joseph ordered for them to be imprisoned and then ordered someone to call O camel-riders! Lo! ye are surely thieves! Then Joseph brothers said: what are you missing? They answered:We have lost the king's cup, and he who bringeth it shall have a camel-load, and I (said Joseph) amanswerable for it, they said: By God, well ye know we came not to do evil in the land, and are nothieves, then Joseph said: And what shall be the penalty for it, if ye prove liars? They said: then thepenalty of the one who got the cup is to be imprisoned, and then he started searching in their bagsbefore the bag of his brother, and then he got it out from the bag of his brother, God said: Thus didWe contrive for Joseph. He could not have taken his brother according to the king's law unless Allahwilled(Yousof76), and also He said: And when he provided them with their provision, he put thedrinking-cup in his brother's saddlebag..etc(Yousof:70), and in a speech attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH):it was a cup of gold and it was for Joseph and when they measure, they measure with it. Alsoattributed to Al-Bâqir (PUH) that he said: it was a bowl that was used to drink and to measure, and

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both speeches have the same meaning anyway. It is mentioned that after this even the brothers ofJoseph came to their brother Benjamin and said to him: you defamed us, when did you take this cup?Then he said: this cup was put in my bag by the one who put your merchandise back in your bags inthe first time. About calling them thieves it is said that it was meant to be that they stole Joseph andbetrayed their father about him, and they did not steal the cup and Joseph did not lie as well. Whenthe cup was found in the bag of Benjamin they said: If he stealeth, a brother of his stole before, andthey meant by that Joseph, for he was before his troubles' beginning with his aunt and his fatherwanted to take him back from her, so she made him wear a girdle and he did not know, and in theirlaws at that time the thief was to be owned by the one that was stolen from, so then his auntclaimed that her built was stolen by him (Joseph) and then she kept him with her for a while until hegot out then with his brothers and they did what they did with him, and his aunt all of that for sheused to love him so much, and for this matter they said: f he stealeth, a brother of his stole before,and they meant Joseph by that, and when Joseph heard that he kept it as a secret and said to them:Ye are in worse case, and Allah knoweth best (the truth of) that which ye allege(Yousof:77), and themeaning is that God knows better about the case of stealing for him and for his brother Benjaminand He knows they are innocents, but the one who stole is you and not Joseph and not Benjamin.

They say that they gathered around Joseph and their skins dropping a yellow blood and they debatedwith Joseph about Benjamin and about the heavy promises they made for their father aboutBenjamin, and when the children of Jacob get angry, the hair of their body gets out of their clotheswith a yellow blood, and in that situation they said to Joseph: O king his father is an old man so takeone of us for we see you a good man, then Joseph said: God forbid that we should seize save himwith whom we found our property, and when they got despaired and wanted to go back to theirfather, Judah said: did not you know that you made heavy promises for your father? You get back toyour father but I will stay here until my father allows me to do so or until God make his judgementfor me. God said: Return unto your father and say: O our father! Lo! thy son hath stolen. We testifyonly to that which we know; we are not guardians of the Unseen(Yousof:34), and when they got backto Jacob and told him about the story he said: Nay, but your minds have beguiled you intosomething. (My course is) comely patience! It may be that Allah will bring them all untome(Yousof:83) and he meant by that Joseph, Benjamin and Judah that stayed in Egypt, and then hewent away from them and said: Alas, my grief for Joseph! And his eyes were whitened with thesorrow that he was suppressing(Yousof:83), and when they wanted to go back to their father, theking (Joseph) sent a messanger to Jacob telling him: This is your son I bought him with a cheap priceand he is Joseph and I made him a slave, and this is your son Benjamin I took him and I found my cupwith him so I made him a slave. Nothing harder could pass over Jacob more than this message, so heordered the messanger to write down: By the name of God, the most Merciful, from Jacob, Israel ofGod ben Isaac ben Abraham the friend of God, I understood your message that says that you'vebought my son and made him a slave, and the troubles are always waiting for the children of Adam,and my grandfather Abraham was thrown into the fire by Nimrod but he did not burn by anyhow,and for my father, God ordered my grandfather to slain him by his own hands and when he wantedto do so God gave a ransom for him, and I had a child that no one was beloved to me more than himand he went out with his brothers and they got back to me claiming that the wolf devoured him, andfor this my back was bent and my eyes went white and blind because of crying, and he had a brotherfrom his own mother that was my joy and he went out with his brothers to you to buy some foodand they got back telling me that he stole the cup of the king and you've put him in prison and we

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are a family that known for honour and not a suitable thing to be called for stealing or doing evil-acts, and I ask you by the God of Abraham and Isaac and Jacob to release him back to me may you becloser to God by doing so. So, when the message reached Joseph, he put it over his face and criedloudly, then he looked at his brothers arriving with the message and he said to them:Know ye whatye did unto Joseph and his brother in your ignorance? They said: you are Joseph! Then he said: I amJoseph and this is my brother and God gifted us, then they said: God preferred you to us and wewere wrong, then he said: Have no fear this day! May Allah forgive you..etc(`Yousof:92), the narratorsaid: they knew him by his smile for when they saw his teeth that were like pearls they rememberedJoseph and some said that they knew him when he lifted the crown from his head. It is mentionedthat when the messanger went out from Jacob to the king (Joseph), Jacob raised his hands then tothe sky and said: O best of Friends and Generous One, O God of Goodness, give me hope and end upmy troubles, so then Gabriel (PUH) came down and said to him: O Jacob, Shall I teach you a pray thatmay God give you back your sight and your sons? He said: yes, he said then: then say: O One that noone knows how He is except of He, O One who blocked the air and pressed the earth over water andchose the best of names for Hisself, give me hope and end up my troubles, then the narrator said:and it was the next morning when the shirt came up and was thrown over his face and his becamenormal and his sons came back to him, and as attributed to Al-Mofadhal Al-Ja`fi he said: I said to Al-Sâdiq (PUH): tell me about the type of Joseph's shirt, he (PUH) answered: when Abraham (PUH) wasto be thrown into the fire, Gabriel came down with a shirt from paradise and made him wear it, andso no fire or coldness affected him ever, so when Abraham then was about to die, he wrapped it in apiece of skin and hanged it on Isaac, and Isaac later on hanged it on Jacob, and when Jacob hadJoseph as a child he hanged it on him, and when Joseph took it out of the skin, Jacob smelled thescent and said: Truly I am conscious of the breath of Joseph, though ye call me dotard(Yousof:94).Then the one asking and he is Al-Mofadhal Al-Ja`fi said to Al-Sâdiq (PUH): O may I be a ransom foryou, who owned the shirt later on? He (PUH) answered: to his own people, and then he continued:every prophet that inherited a wisdom or anything else, are all at the end at the hand of Muhammadand his Household (PUT), and Jacob was at that time in Palestine, and when the caravan departedEgypt, Jacob smelled that scent of Joseph from the shirt that was brought from heavens.

They say that Joseph said: the one who got my shirt with blood in the first time shall go now with myshirt, so then Judah said: I went with the blood-polluted shirt, so he said: then go with my shirt to myfather and tell him I am alive and make him happy as you made him sad before, so he took the shirtand went out with bare-feet until he reached him (Jacob), and he had seven pieces of bread and thedistance was eighty leagues and still he did not consume all his bread pieces, then Jacob travelledfrom the desert with his household after getting the shirt to him and being able to see, and they saidto him: O our father! Ask forgiveness of our sins for us, and he said: I will. Some mentioned that hewaited until the late night time to ask for forgiveness for their sins because it is a time when praysare answered, and when they reached Egypt, Joseph sat on the throne and put the crown over hishead for he wanted his father to see him like that, and when his father went in, he did not stand upfor him, and they fell prostrating so then Joseph said: O my father! This is the interpretation of mydream of old. My Lord hath made it true(Yousof:100). It is attributed to Al-Kâðim (PUH) that he said:the prostrating of Jacob and his sons was not for Joseph in his person, but was to obey God'scommandment and as a greeting for Joseph as angels did prostrate for Adam before, for it was notfor Adam but they obeyed God's commandment and as a greeting for Adam, so Jacob and hischildren prostrated to God as to thank God for gathering them together again, and Joseph said as it

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had been told by quran: O my Lord! Thou hast given me (something) of sovereignty and hast taughtme (something) of the interpretation of events - Creator of the heavens and the earth! Thou art myProtecting Guardian in the world and the Hereafter. Make me to die muslim (unto Thee), and join meto the righteous(Yousof:101), and it is said that Joseph sent one hundred messangers (travellers) tobring his family, providing them with what they need for travelling, and when Jacob got closer toJoseph, Jacob started by greeting and said: O peace upon you grieves taker, and then they huggedand cried while Joseph kept on kissing the fingers of his father and can not stop crying because of hishappiness and surprise, for the situation of Jacob when he met Joseph can not be described andnothing like it except going into paradise and hugging the nymphes of paradise by the viceroys ofGod and His beloved servants, may God make us one of them with the rest of the blievers by Hisprophet, the prophet of mercy and his Household (PUT). They say that they (Israelites) got into Egyptand they were seventy three, and then they went out at the time of Moses (PUH) and they werearound six hundred thousand and five hundred and seventy men, and the time elapsed betweenMoses and Joseph was four hundred years, and after the arrival of Jacob to Egypt and after havingsome rest, he said to Joseph: tell me son, what did they do to you when they took you from me? Hesaid: release me from doing so father, he then said: tell me some of it, then said Joseph: O father,when they put me in the well they said: take off your shirt, so I said to them: O brothers fear God anddo not take off my things, then they showed a knife towards me and said: if you did not take off yourshirt surely we will slay you, so I took off the shirt and they put me in the well naked, so then Jacobhad a deep breath and fell down in a coma, and when he woke up again he said: O son, tell me, thenJoseph said to him: O father I ask you by the God of Abraham and Isaac and Jacob to release me fromdoing so, and so Jacob then released him from doing so. They say that Jacob lived for seventeenyears after arriving to Egypt, and he was at that time one hundred and forty seven years old, and heasked to be buried beside his father and his grandfather after his death, so Joseph then ordered thephysicians to mummify him and so they did and his body was carried to Palestine and was buriedthere as he asked, and Jacob was the leader and the kingdom was for Joseph, and when he died theleadership became for Joseph. Then the brothers of Joseph, save but Benjamin, were honoured andrespected for the presense of their father, and after the death of their father, they say that they fellat the feet of Joseph seeking repentance and forgiveness for they were afraid that he might be harshon them after the death of their father, for they thought that he was nice to them only for theirfather presense, and they said to him: out father told us to ask you to forigve us for our sins towardyou, and they presented themselves as slaves to him, so then Joseph cried, and when he calmeddown he explained to them how their wrong-doing brought goodness to the people on earth andthat God wanted all of that for a mercy towards His servants, and Joseph then lived for one hundredand ten years, and it is mentioned that when Joseph died in Egypt they buried him in the Nile in abox made of marble, and this is because that when he died people almost fought together to let hisbody buried in their places seeking his blesses, and so they buried him in the Nile to end up thefights and the Nile is common among all the people and everyone drinks from it and so the blesseswould go to the all, and it stayed there until Moses carried it when he went out of Egypt and buriedhim with his fathers, Abraham and Isaac and Jacob in Palestine and their monuments are famousthere. Some archaeological historians said: I've visited Hebron and the monument of Abraham, and Isaw there when I entered to the place of their graves and close to their graves, a monument calledthe monument of repentance, and some natives there say that this is the tomb of Joseph (PUH) andhe is buried there in that cave, and some said that he is buried in Nabulus and he has a monumentthere and people visit it, and some said that they made sure as witnessed by some natives there that

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the grave of Joseph is there in Nabulus and not in Hebron, and this is what is mentioned in Torah aswell, and only God knows.

Lot of Sermons in The Josephite Virtues

Since his youth, Joseph faced many problems, his father loved him and that caused him the greattrouble of his life, and her aunt loved him and he was with her by a permission from his father, andwhen his father wanted to take him back she made him wear her girdle and claimed that he stole it,and the law at that time was to enslave the thief, and she searched him and took it out from underhis clothes and he did not know that it was there, and so apparently he was like a slave for her, thenshe hugged him and asked to be with her for more time. The extreme love of his father to him was areason for the envy of his brothers which made them take him away from his father and scared himwith terror acts and then they took his shirt and threw him in the well. He saw many sad events atone time, and when the caravan came and took him out of the well and took him as to sell him, theysold him to the noble of Egypt Al-Rayyân ben Al-Waleed for few coins, and they sold him in a cheapprice. These situations of humilation and weakness make the hair of the body stand, then Josephwas a slave for the noble for a while until his place was raisen for the noble, and it was known howJoseph has many characteristics that made him preferred more than anyone else like his wisdom aswell as his beauty, and so he was appointed as the chief of the servants in the house of the noble,and he had the complete control of them for he was sincere and wise and also honorable. Zalikhâ thewife of the noble loved him and things started to oppose him and he got back to a trouble that wasgreater than before, and Zalikhâ started to ask for the evil-act and flirt with him and he did not evenlook at her until it became so hard on her and she started to lose her senses and do not estimate theconsequences, and because she was his lady and the wife of his master she started to call him to herand he refused and she insisted but he refused as well, and she caught his shirt but he ran away andcaught the principles of virtues and faith, and been cautious for the shame and whatever that breaksthe laws of his faith and also cautious for preserving his master, the one who made hospitalitytowards him and made him like a son, so how come he face such gifts with such evil attitude, andthis is something that he was never educated for, nor his family did, but Zalikhâ is not listening to anyadvice, and all of that would tell how Joseph had such a faithful soul and a pure one and a strong willthat blocks every evil although he is a young man that got such high places for his master with manyriches that he used to enjoy and with him his lady that was the prettiest woman at her time. Joseph(PUH) was tested for what was going on with him and he was extremely patient catching up with hisvirtues and kept hisself away from what his soul hate, and he was a true example for God's saying:and the patient in tribulation and adversity and time of stress. Such are they who are sincere. Suchare the Allah-fearing(Al-Baqarah:177).

Joseph (PUH) gave an extreme example for all the people about many types of patience, and he wasnot afraid but he made everything for his Lord to do and kept being patient, and been patient for thetransgression of his brothers and taking his shirt by them and also for throwing him in the well, hekept being patient for selling him as a slave with the cheapest price, he kept being patient and kepthis anger although he had been in troubles and been put in jail with the criminals while he is a leaderfor faithful people, but he promised to be patient, then he got out of the jail and God made him rulethe land and made people under his command all over Egypt. As some historians said: The of deathhas between his lips either the good life or death, and his (Joseph) brothers came to him and theyare to take revenge of them for what they did to him, and they came to buy some food with their

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hardness, but he did not face their evil with a similar manner, but he forgave and kept patient. Whenthey said: Is it indeed thou who art Joseph? He said: I am Joseph and this is my brother. God hathshown us favour. Lo! he who wardeth off (evil) and endureth (findeth favour); for lo! God loseth notthe wages of the kindly. Then they showed their regret and admitted their sin saying: By God, verilyGod hath preferred thee above us, and we were indeed sinful, and he forgave them for theirtransgression and said to them: Have no fear this day! May God forgive you, and He is the MostMerciful of those who show mercy. How beautiful forgiveness and how complete virtue it is droppingwith passion, and how beautiful sermons and benefits and honorable manners: and he unto whomwisdom is given, he truly hath received abundant good. But none remember except men ofunderstanding(Al-Baqarah:269). Some of those who talk about the conditions of prophets said: whileJoseph was with his father, honored and beloved, suddenly he became at the hands of his brothersand their transgression and then they threw him into the well without regret. In that condition, hethen smells the scent of freedom but as a slave, and then he moved to a slavery that almost seemedlike freedom when he became the chief of servants in his master's house.Then while he is in suchhigh condition that many free people would envy him for, he then founded himself suddenly in jailfor no crime he did, and there he turned to be a religious missionary calling people to worship Godand blocking people from worshipping other gods and religions, and then he came to interpret thehidden things, and then he became the one who interpreted the dream of the king which was analert for him for dry years after fertile ones all over the lands, and then he became the principle overthe granaries on the lands and the king made him closer to him and shared the rule with him andmade a living for the Egyptian kingdom and the near by lands, and in that condition he only missedthe view of his parents, and suddenly then his brothers were trapped within his trap and so hetricked them a beautiful trick with seriousness, and tricked them all over to bring his brother from hisown mother, and then they brought all his family together, and in all conditions he was alwaysholding the virtues and beautiful manners. No story is as beautiful as the story of Joseph with itssermons, and not every reader can understand its core, but it is as God said: In their history verilythere is a lesson for men of understanding(Yousof:111). Joseph depended on God for every troubleand problem he faced, when the Egyptian women when they saw Joseph and been captivated by hisbeauty after the blamed the wife of the noble, and when the wife of the noble warned him saying:but if he do not my behest he verily shall be imprisoned, and verily shall be of those broughtlow(Yousof:32), he take refuge in God and said: O my Lord! Prison is more dear than that unto whichthey urge me, and if Thou fend not off their wiles from me I shall incline unto them and become ofthe foolish(Yousof:33), and so God then released him from their wiles and he went to the prison andit is the best of the two troubles for Joseph for he chose it by praying to God, and when he was to bereleased from the jail he denied going out but after proving his innocence, so he sent a messanger tothe king asking him about the reason for keeping him in prison and asking him to re-investigateabout the reasons for putting him into the jail, so when the king did that and his innocence showedup, he accepted then going out of the jail with honor. Then when his father with his wife and hischildren came to him while he was sitting on the throne and the crown upon his head, when theysaw him, they fell prostrating before him to thank God for this great gift, and then Joseph said to hisfather: O my father! This is the interpretation of my dream of old. My Lord hath made it true, and Hehath shown me kindness, since He took me out of the prison and made me the master of the landsstores and granaries and I have the command in my hand, and hath brought you from the desertafter Satan had made strife between me and my brethren. Lo! my Lord is tender unto whom He will.He is the Knower, the Wise. After facing the big troubles that might make the stone melt down, such

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as the transgression of his brother and throwing him into the well, alone there by day and night, howhis condition might be that time, and after selling him by the caravan as a slave in Egypt to adisbeliever tyrant, and after his trouble with the wife of the noble and her wiles, and after that longtime in prison, after all of that happened and he is still holding the virtues and honor with dignity andkept on praying to God.

These are brilliant situations and great virtues that bring pride for everyone that has a relation tohim, and this is the right target for the faithful people for this is the honor and faith, so sanctified isWho made him special for all of that. His release from the jail and ruling the lands and the arrival ofhis brothers seeking his help without knowing him and tricking them and the arrival of his fatherafter being blind for him and his brother Benjamin, and his cure by throwing the shirt of Joseph onhim, and then the prostration of his father and mother and his brothers for him, all of that passed inthe imagination of Joseph and he announced the gifts of God and thanked Him for His gifts as well asHis troubles, and said: O my Lord! Thou hast given me (something) of sovereignty and hast taught me(something) of the interpretation of events - Creator of the heavens and the earth! Thou art myProtecting Guardian in the world and the Hereafter. Make me to die muslim (unto Thee), and join meto the righteous(Yousof:101). This story is a rich source for people who want to get the righteousmanners and its effect into the souls of the faithful is not hidden, and it is a subject to be studieddeeply by psychology, and the psychologist will not be exaggerating if he made a book aboutpsychology and manners all from the chapter of Yousof (Joseph). This is the last thing we did like tomention about this great man, and thanks be to God at the beginning and at the end, and peace beupon the best of his creation, Muhammad the chosen and his Household the virtuous, and upon thebest of his companions

Some Conditions of Ðul-Qarnain

Ðul-Qarnain, and his name is `Ayyâsh, he was man from Alexandria as been said, and his mother wasan old woman from the population of that city and she had no other son but him and he was calledExkandarus (Alexandros). As attributed to Al-Fakhr Al-Râzi [famous Islamic scholar and scientist] hesaid: he is Eskandar ben Faylaqus [maybe Faylaqus means Philip, and maybe for this name theKuwaiti island Failaka was named] the greek, and he is the one that reached the east and west andnorth and built Alexandria and got back then after to Khurâsân and built many cities and then gotback to Iraq and got sick in Shahrzur and died there. They said his mother is a human and his father isone of the angels as in Majma` Al-Bahrain for Al-Tariji. I really did not understand the essence of thisancestry, and yes, maybe his situation is like Jesus the son of Mary (PUH), and it is not that far for hishigh place to God, and maybe this matter is famous, and only God knows. He had good mannerssince his childhood, and then when he came to be a man he saw a dream that as if he was reachingthe sun and holding its horns from the east and west, so then when he told his people about hisdream they called him Ðul-Qarnain [meaning: Ðul-Qarnain in Arabic means "he who has two horns"],

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and after viewing this dream his will increased and his place among his people got higher, and thefirst thing he decided to do is to think about the creation of heavens, earth, mountains, seas, trees,plants, animals, human and its mind and thinking, sending messangers, revealing of holy books andthe messangers' commandments and such just rules, then he thought about all of this for one hourand he believed in God and His messangers, and then called people to the faith and obeying God andrefusing anything else, and so they answered him for they were afraid of his power. Then he orderedthem to build a mosque [maybe the author means here a temple, but I will keep calling it a mosque],and they answered his request, and he ordered its length to be four hundred cubits and its width tobe two hundred cubits, and its height to the sky to be one hundred cubits, and the thickness of thewall to be twenty two cubits, and they said to him: O Ðul-Qarnain, how you will get woods thatreaches between the two walls? He said: you fill it with sand (the mosque) until it reaches the top ofthe walls, and then you order every faithful man to give some amount of gold and silver according tohis wealth and then you cut it into pieces just as nails and mix it with that sand, and then get somecopper and melt it down and then you cover up the top of the walls and the mosque and you areable to work on a smooth land, and when you finish that you call the poor people to move this sandand they will do it in a hurry for the gold and silver it contains. They built the mosque as he orderedand the poor people got out all the sand, and so the roof was fixed and the poor people fixed theirconditions. Then he made four armies, every army had ten thousand men and spread them all overthe lands, and then he thought of going on and then the people gathered around him and said tohim: we ask you by God that you don't prefer others to us for we have the right to see you and serveyou more than others and you were born among us and these are our riches and selves and you arethe ruler for us, and this is your old mother and she is the greatest of God's creation that has rightsupon you so do not refuse her requests. Then he said to them: it is as you said but I am in a place ofsomeone that his heart and ears and eyes are taken, and pushed from the back to some where hedoes not know where, but come on my people and get into this mosque and believe in God all ofyou, and let none keep away or he will be doomed, and let none refuse me or he will be destroyed[the man here does not mean to spread terror or to warn his people against his wrath, but againstthe wrath of God].

Then he called the nobles of Alexandria and said to them: keep my mosque busy with worshipping,and console my mother instead of me for she is always crying and extremely sad for she knows that Iwill die in my destination and I will go on no matter what, and when the nobles that were invited byEskandar to console his mother saw how afraid she was and how long her cry was and they did notfind any use for talking to her, they made a trick to console her and to get her to understand whattroubles affected the people before and after her, so they made up some food and invited to it onlythose who did not face any troubles, so when the people heard of this invitation they did not comeat all and they said: there is none that did not face any troubles or lost a dear one, and then Ðul-Qarnain's mother heard of that and was surprised and did not know yet what was the purpose forthis, and then they did the opposite and invited people that faced troubles, and so all people cameand none was left behind for they invited all people and said: those who did not face any troubles intheir lives have no goodness, and when all people gathered together and none left behind for therewere none that did not face any troubles in their lives, some of them who invited them and gatheredthem started a speech and said: I did not gather you for the purpose of the invitation, but to talk toyou about Ðul-Qarnain and about our trouble for losing him without a return, and it is a great lossthat has no meeting again after then at all, so take sermons and think and console yourselves and

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know clearly that all people on earth die, and creatures of heavens do not stay and everything is tobe doomed except Him, and remember Adam that God created with His hands and breathed in himwith His spirit and made the angels prostrate befoer him and made him live in His paradise and thenGod tested him with a great trouble which was to let him out of it, and then tested Abraham with thegreat fire, and tested his son Ishmael with slaying, and tested Jacob with sadness and crying, andtested Joseph with slavery, and tested Job with sickness, and tested Yahyâ (John) with slaying, andZakariyâ (Zacharias) with killing, and tested Jesus with captivity, and how many faithful viceroys Hedid test so hard and none can count their number except of He and He is the Exalted One, and whenhe finished his speech he said to them: let us go and console the mother of Eskandarus and let us seehow patient she is for losing her son, so when they arrived at her place they said to her: did youattend the gathering and heard everything? She said to them: nothing of your matter was hiddenfrom me, and none of you has a trouble greater than I do with Eskandarus, and God made mepatient and satisfied me, so when they saw her nice answer they left.

Then Eskandar said the farewell for his mother and asked for her prays for him and then said thefarewell to his relatives and his friends and he left then wandering towards the west and his armymade of the poor people, then God inspired unto him: O Ðul-Qarnain you are the leader all over thecreation between the two destinations, from the place of sunrise to the place of its sunset, and thisis the interpretation of your dream, then said Ðul-Qarnain: O Lord, You chose me for something greatthat no one can do except of You, so tell me about these nations, how shall I fight them, with howmany men shall I defeat them, with what trick shall I trick them, by which tongue shall I speak tothem and how shall I know their tongues? God then inspired unto him: I will dilate your bosom soyou will hear everything and dilate your mind so you will understand everything, and save you sonothing can be hidden from you, and support you so nothing can make you afraid, and makedarkness and light within your armies so that light guides you and darkness surround you and protectyou from other nations from behind. Then Ðul-Qarnain went along with the message of his Lord andpassed over the sunset place of the sun, and he did not pass over one nation unless he called themto God, so if they answered he leaves them and if not he would send the darkness to darken theircities and villages and their forts and homes and it would go into their eyes and mouths and nosesand stay like that until they answer his calls, and when he reached the setting-place of the sun hefound a people thereabout. We said: O Dhu'l-Qarneyn! Either punish or show them kindness(Al-Kahf:86), so he did with them as he did to the others before them until he finished whatever wasthere between his land and the west, and then he wandered in the darnkess for eight days and eightnights and his folks with him until he reached a mountain that surrounds the earth and saw thereand angel holding the mountain while he is sanctifying God, then Ðul-Qarnain fell prostrating to Godfor His gifts to him, and when he raised his head the angel said to him: how come you've been able OAdam's child to reach this position and none reached it before? Then Ðul-Qarnain said: the One thatmade you able to hold this mountain while is surrounding the whole earth made me able to do so.The angel said then: true, without this mountain the earth would be inclined with its people andthere is no mountain on earth that is greater than this one, and it is the first mountain that Godcreated and its top reaches the sky of earth and its base in the seventh ground and it surrounds earthand there is no city on this earth that does not has a vein to this mountain, so if God wanted to sendan earthquake to a city on earth, He inspires to me to move that vein that connects to that city andso whatever God desires happens.

Getting Back From West to The East

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Then Ðul-Qarnain got back with his folks and went to the east to see the nations in that direction andhe did with them as he did with people of the west, and when he finished his trip to the east he wentback to the north of the lands of Romans as it is mentioned by the holy book: he found upon theirhither side a folk that scarce could understand a saying(Al-Kahf:93), and they were filling the landsand they are Ya'juj and Ma'juj (Gog and Magog) and they were like animals, eat and drink andreproduce and they were made of males and females and they look like people in their bodies andfaces, but they were different in other points, for their height did not exceed five hand-spans, and allhad the same shape, they were naked, never wear anything or any shoes, and they had hair like thehair of camels that protected them against hot weather and coldness, and everyone of them had twoears, one of them had camel-hair and the other had simple hair and the backs of the ears are liketheir fronts as well, and they had paws instead of nails and had fangs instead of teeth, and when oneof them desires to sleep he would make one ear as a bed and cover his self with the other and theyare enough to cover him, and their food is mostly from the sea with its various types of foods that itprovides them with every year at a certain time by clouds and so they make a living by that, andwhen they get that food they get fertile and fat and reproduce and that would be enough for themuntil the next year and they eat nothing else, but if the sea did not provide them with food for onereason or another then they would get hungry and wander all over the lands and eat everything theywould face in their way and they are more harmful than plagues and locusts, and if they got intosome lands they would make the people of the land flee away for they are not bearable for theirlarge numbers and their strength, and no one can get closer to them for being afraid of them andbecause of their bad smell, and if they approached some lands, their voices would be heard from adistance as far as one hundred leagues, and they spread terror more than storms and earthquakeswould do for their large numbers, and they got humming sounds like bees but it is greater, and whenthey get into a land they would devour its beasts and insects until nothing is left for they leavenothing without devouring it. They say none of them does not know when to die, because each oneof them die after having one thousand descendants, so whenever one of them gets one thousanddescendants, they get prepared to die and asks no more for a living, and then when the nationsaround them sensed their arrival by their humming sounds and Ðul-Qarnain was close to them, theyasked for his help against Gog and Magog, and said to him: we've known what God gave you ofpower and of armies with darkness and light, and we are the neighbors of Gog and Magog and onlythese mountains between us, and they have no other way except one way through two mountainsand if they arrived to our lands they would destroy us all with our animals unless we escape far awayfrom our lands for they leave nothing unless they eat it, and they devour the cattles and beasts andinsects along with snakes and worms and scorpions and everything that has a soul and no doubt wehave that they fill the land and make its people flee away, and we are afraid at any moment that theyshow up from between these two mountains, and God gave you the power and wisdom withguidance, so make a barrier between us. He said to them then: bring me pieces of iron, and heappointed for them the ores of iron and copper, and he appointed for them two places on the twomountains to get the ores from and showed them how to extract them, and when they obtainedthem they said: by what power shall we cut iron and copper? He then extracted another mineralfrom the ground that was called the Sâmoor, and it is so bright, and if any of it was dropped on ironor copper or any other mineral it would cause it to melt, so he made from it some tools that they canuse to make anything they want [I wonder if this Sâmoor metal is meant to be Chrome?]. With it(Sâmoor), Solomon ben David (PUH) cut the stones for the Temple and the demons brought him thismineral (metal). Then, however, they collected whatever they want from iron pieces and copper

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pieces to make a barrier, and he (Ðul-Qarnain) made a fire for the iron that they made like stonesbetween the two mountains and they melted down the copper upon it, and so the copper had beenlike the mud between the stones and the barrier was built, and when they measured the distancethey found it is three miles, almost one league or twelve thousand cubits as measured by the arms ofmen, and then he dag a deep base for it that almost reached the water, and he made the width ofthe barrier as thick as one mile, that is four thousand cubits as measured by the arms of the averageman, and it might be as measured by their arms at that time and only God knows. It is mentionedthat they made layers of iron and copper and filled the gap between the two mountains and itstarted to reflect yellow and red colors because of copper with some black color of the iron, and allof that done by the instructions of Ðul-Qarnain, and Gog and Magog come to this barrier every yearonce as they say and that after they spread over their lands and when they reach the barrier the stopand begin to dig below it until they become despaired they then get back to spread all over theirlands and they will stay like this until the doomsday time is near, so when its conditions are near andas they mentioned it is the appearance of Al-Mahdi (PUH) [the last viceroy and Imam for Shiites thatwill appear with Jesus (PUH) to fill earth with justice] may our souls be a ransom for him and mayGod make his appearance so soon, at that time maybe God will open it (the barrier) for them (Gogand Magog) and it might be a sign for the appearance of him (Al-Mahdi) (PUH) to increase thetroubles for people or it might be a punishment for them for their bad souls and all of that at the endof time. When Ðul-Qarnain finished building the barrier he got back wandering and in his wanderinghe met the Wise Nation that are part of Moses' nation that order with justice and work with it, andhe stayed with them until his death and he did not have such a long age with them and he got so oldand only God knows, and the period between his wandering all over the lands and his death was fivehundred years as it is mentioned, and we've something opposite to this and that is another tale alsoand God is the Knower.

Other Tales About Gog and Magog and What Ðul-Qarnain Faced

It is attributed to the prophet (PUH) as mentioned in Al-Majma` [book's name] that he was askedabout Gog and Magog and he said: Gog is a nation, and Magog is another nation, and each one ofthem has four hundred nations, and no man of them die unless he has one thousand descendantsthat are able to carry weapons, they said: O prophet of God describe them for us, he said then: theyare of three types, one type of them is like the cedar tree, they said: O prophet of God what is thecedar? He said: the tall tree of Shem lands [you can see this tree on the flag of Lebanon], and there isanother type of them that their length is the same as their width and no iron nor mountain can resistthem (maybe this is an expression to show their strength), and another type that lies on one ear andcover hisself with the other, and they do not face an elephant or beast or camel or pig unless theyeat it and whoever dies of them they eat him as well, their front would be in the lands of Shem andtheir end would be in Khurâsân, they drink the rivers of the east and the lake of Tabariyah. In anotherversion it is added: they will go out for the people and drink the waters and the people will befortified in their forts against them and then they (Gog and Magog) will throw their arrows into thesky and they will get it back and as if there were blood on them and they (Gog and Magog) would

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say: we've conquered the people on lands and we've come higher than heavens' creatures, then Godwill send over them bugs on their backs and will get into their ears and they shall die by them. Godsaid in the chapter of Al-Kahf: They will ask thee of Dhu'l-Qarneyn. Say: I shall recite unto you aremembrance of him, Lo! We made him strong in the land and gave him unto every thing a road(Al-Kahf:83-84), and it is attributed to `Ali (ben Abi-Tâlib)(PUH) about the interpretation of God's saying"Lo! We made him strong in the land" it means that God gave him the clouds to carry him and gavehim many roads and gave him the light so there was no difference for day and night for him..etc, andit is mentioned that Ðul-Qarnain once passed over an old man while he was praying and he did notget scared or afraid of his armies, so Ðul-Qarnain asked him about this, and he (the old man) said tohim: i was praying to the One that is more powerful and has more armies and more kingdoms thanyou do, and if I turned my face to you I would not get my request answered by Him. They say alsothat he passed over another old man that was flipping between his hands some skulls, so Ðul-Qarnain said to him: O old man why are you flipping these skulls? He answered: to know the noblefrom the poor but I couldn't know and I'm flipping these for twenty years, so Ðul-Qarnain thenmoved on, and knew that this situation was a lesson for him.

While he was wandering he met the Wise Nation that are part of Moses' nation (PUH), that theyguide to the truth and justice, and he found them as a nation that are so simple and just and divideeverything to equal parts among them and judge with justice, and they console each other and havepassion for each other, so their situation is always one and their word is always one and their way isstraight, and the graves of their dead is inside their house and in front of their rooms' doors, whiletheir houses have no doors and they have no rulers. They say that Ðul-Qarnain was hit by his peopleon his right horn [horn here is an expression to mean "side of the head"] and God made him die forfive hundred years and resurrected him again, and then God sent him again to his people and theyhit him on his left horn and God made him die for five hundred years again, and then God sent himagain and made him rule the easts and wests and built the barrier, and when Ðul-Qarnain used topass over some villages he would roar like an angry lion so then darkness starts to get over thevillage with storms and lightnings that destroys everyone that opposes him, and when he reachedthe setting-place of the sun, all of the people from east to west, and this is mentioned in someinterpretations about God's saying "Lo! We made him strong in the land." They say that Ðul-Qarnainhad been told about a spring that is called the spring of life, and anything that has a life would live upto the doomsday time if they drink of it, so then Ðul-Qarnain called Al-Khidhr (PUH) [Al-Khidhr, not aprophet but a faithful man. his story is well known with Moses in Quran although Quran did notmention his name apparently. Please refer to the chapter of Al-Kahf in Quran to read the story ofMoses and his servant (his servant supposed to be Joshua). In the Kuwaiti island of Failaka they saythere were footprints for Al-Khidhr and it was a subject for visits and pilgrimage but they say theauthorities removed the trace], and he was one of his best companions, and also called for threehundred and sixty men, and gave each one of them a fish and then he said to them: go to thatspecific location for there are three hundred and sixty springs, so let every one of you cleans his fishover one spring that is not similar to the others' springs, so they went and found the springs andevery one of them started to clean his fish and Al-Khidhr sat down to clean his fish, then the fishslipped for his hand and went into the spring and swam and God made it alive, but Al-Khidhr stayedamazed for what he saw and then he said to himself: what shall I say to Ðul-Qarnain? Then he tookoff his clothes and swam after the fish but couldn't catch it, and then all the men went back to Ðul-Qarnain and he commanded to get all the fishes from the men, and when they came to Al-Khidhr he

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had nothing in his hands, so Ðul-Qarnain called him and said to him: how is your fish? So he told himabout what happened, and he asked: what did you do then? He answered: I swam after it in thewater and tried to find it but did not, so then he said to him: did you drink of that water? Heanswered: yes I did, then Ðul-Qarnain went to trace back the spring but couldn't find it, so then hesaid to Al-Khidhr: you were the chosen one. It is mentioned also that Ðul-Qarnain reached a greatisland and he saw there some people that wear leaves of the trees and live in the caves, and heasked them about detailed matters in wisdom and religion and they answered him the best, then hesaid to them: ask your needs, they said to him: we ask for eternity in life, he said: I can't do that, thenthey said to him: we ask for health in our bodies, he answered then: I can't, they said to him then: wewant to know how long are our ages, he said then: I don't know this for myself so how shall I knowyours? They said then: then let us ask all of that from the One who is able to do this and evengreater, and the people started to look at his numerous armies, and among them there were an oldman that did not lift his head up, so Ðul-Qarnain said to him: why don't you look to whatever thepeople are looking at? So the old man said: I wonder about the king that came before you, so Ðul-Qarnain said: why so? Then the old man said: we had a king and a poor man and they died in oneday, and then I left them for a while and came back later on and I tried to identify who is the king andwho is the poor man but I couldn't, and then Ðul-Qarnain left them and went on.

Some say that Ðul-Qarnain did a pilgrimage with six hundred thousand knights and he met withAbraham (PUH) and Abraham said to him: how did you pass you life? He said: by eleven words(phrases), glorified is He who remains with no doom, glorified is He who knows and never forget,glorified is He who keeps and never miss, glorified is He who sees with no doubt, glorified is He whois eternal and never sleeps, glorified is He the King that never gets defeated, glorified is He theExalted that never gets wronged, glorified is He who is hidden and cannot be seen, glorified is Hewho is wide with no show off, glorified is He who is active with no play, glorified is He who is Livingwith no miss. In Majma` Al-Bahrain for Al-Torayhi [notice: the same name appeared in the lastchapter but the author name was mentioned as Al-Tariji, and this difference because of someprinting mistakes in the book itself] it is mentioned: Ðul-Qarnain is a name for Eskandar (Alexander)the Roman [seems the author of that book means the Greek but he did not distinguish properly] andhe was at the time after Jesus the son of Mary (PUH) and so how come he met with Abraham (PUH)and Abraham appeared before that time by more than two thousand years, or they might met eachother by a dream which is something not so propable, and in the same time existed Nebuchadnezzarand ignorance (disbelieving) all over, but the time of Ðul-Qarnain was a time when he ruled over theeast and west and justice spread all over the land and the word of God was the highest, so how cometo gather both times together and the holy quran emphasized on the fact that he was victoriouswithout a doubt, and maybe everything is possible and the truth is known by God only, and at thetime of Abraham there was Nimrod and the people of Lot and the pharaohs filled the land, andwhere was Alexandria at that time?

We do not doubt a lot about what was mentioned about Ðul-Qarnain, and maybe this name wasgiven to two, or maybe Eskandar (Alexander) is different than Ðul-Qarnain, and so Alexander was in atime period and Ðul-Qarnain was at the time of Abraham (PUH), and only God knows. There wasmuch debate about his true identity, they said: he was a servant that was given wisdom and kingdomby God, and some said: he was a prophet that God opened the lands by him. As attributed to `Ali(ben Abi-Tâlib) (PUH) when he was asked about wether he (Ðul-Qarnain) was a prophet or a king, he(PUH) said: a faithful servant that loved God and God loved him, and gave adivces for the sake of God

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and God adviced him. We've mentioned before that the world was owned by two faithful men andtwo disbelievers, and the faithful were: Solomon ben David and Ðul-Qarnain, and the twodisbelievers were: Nimrod and Nebuchadnezzar. About calling him Ðul-Qarnain, more than whatwe've mentioned before, some said that he was called like that because he had two braids, and somesaid because he reached the two extreme points of earth, and some said because his father andmother were nobles, and some said because two main tribes of people were extinct at his time, andsome said because he got into the light and darkness, and some said because he was given theknowledge of the apparent the hidden things.

Alexander and Al-Khidhr Were Born in The Same Day

They say that his father was the greatest astrologist on earth and none saw the stars as much as hedid and God gave him a long age, so one night he said to his wife: I've been killed by staying awake solet me sleep for some time and you look into the sky and if you saw that a star rising for that place,and he pointed his finger to that place, so awake me then to have love with you and bear a child thatwill live until the end of time, and her sister was listening at the same time as well to his talk, andthen the father of Alexander slept and his wife's sister started to watch the sky waiting for the starand when the star showed up she told her husband the story and he made love with her and shebore Al-Khidhr, the maternal cousin Alexander, and when the father of Alexander woke up and sawthat the star was in a constellation that is different from the one he was watching he said to his wife:why didn't you awake me? She answered: by God, I was shy, then he said to her: didn't you knowthat I am watching this for forty years, you've made me miss my life for nothing, but there will be astar rising after him in a while so when I make love to you, you will bear a child that will own thehorns of the sun, and after a while the star showed up and he made love to her and she boreAlexander, so Alexander and his maternal cousin Al-Khidhr were born in one night. We say: it ismentioned before that the reason for Al-Khidhr to be staying alive until the end of time is for hisdrinking from the spring of life, and Al-Khidhr was at the time of Moses (PUH) with no doubt for theinterpretations of the holy phrases suggest so, and Al-Khidhr was at the front of the army ofAlexander, so the claims about Alexander being in the time after Jesus the son of Mary (PUH) give acontradiction and so we reject the idea that he appeared after the time of Jesus, and so Alexander isÐul-Qarnain and he existed before Moses and at the time of Moses, and so we don't reject the ideathat he and Al-Khidhr were born in one night and they both are cousins, but we shall say: makinglove to one's wife when a star shows up is not a reason for the pregnancy to take a place or the childwould be a male, and all of this case is believed to be possible only by God's will and by Hisinspiration to some prophet or messanger and the coincedence is not impossible anyway, and thiscase is left up covered to the people that care about it the most like many of the others, and onlyGod knows. It is mentioned that God did not send prophets as kings except for four after Noah (PUH)and the first of them was Ðul-Qarnain and his name was `Ayyâsh, with David, Solomon and Joseph,and for `Ayyâsh, he ruled between the east and west, and for David, he ruled the lands of Shem tothe lands of Istakhr (Issachar) (meaning Isfahan or Khurâsân) and so was the kingdom of Solomon(PUH), and for Joseph, he ruled Egypt and its deserts and did not expand, and in some tales they saythat God raised Ðul-Qarnain up to the sky of earth and made him see all of the earth and itsmountains, plains and valleys and so he saw whatever there was from east to west, and Godprovided him with reasons so he knew right from wrong and provided him with pieces of the skyover his horns (sides of the head) that had lightning and darkness and then got him down to earthand sent him from east to west, then God said to him: I've made the lands ruled by you and made

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the creations humiliated before you, so go on for what I commanded you, and then he went along tothe west and whenever he passes over a village he would roar in it like an angry lion and send fromhis horns darkness with lightning and storms that destroys everyone that opposes him, and when hereached the setting-place of the sun he ruled all over the east and west..etc and it is mentionedbefore and it is repeated for some additions.

The benefit that is to be taken from this tale and the one before is that he was a prophet and amessanger and for this everything mentioned before must be interpreted differently for there are lotof tales that gives the opposite meaning, and another benefit is taken from the tales which is thatÐul-Qarnain was before the time of Abraham and after Noah, and this explanation calms the heartfor many reasons, one of which is his meeting with Abraham at the time of pilgrimage as mentionedbefore, and there were a big gap between the time of Noah and Abraham, and the history after thetime of Abraham is almost checked to the time of Jesus, and since then it was checked until our time,and if he was after the time of Abraham then who wouldn't be so mysterious like that, and aboutbeing born after the time of Jesus is something that cannot be believed in, so it must be interpretedaccordingly if that was possible or leaving this matter alone or to the people that care about it themost, and the probability of expanding his kingdom or his resurrection or staying alive before thetime of Abraham until the time after Jesus is something that opposes the idea of ruling the worldwith its faithful men and disbelievers for the kingdom of those took place before the time of Jesusand after Noah, and so the kingdom of Ðul-Qarnain took place after Noah until the time of Abraham,and about him being Alexander and he is the founder of Alexandria, this is something possible but inthe time appointed before, and only God knows. They mentioned lot of things more than what wasmentioned before about the conditions of Ðul-Qarnain but there is no much benefits to be takenfrom them, but we point some of them, that when Ðul-Qarnain wandered in the darkness, Al-Khidhrwas in front of his (Al-Khidhr's) army that counted as two thousand men, and Ðul-Qarnain had fourthousand, and the total is six thousand of those who walked with him through the darkness, and therest of his armies camped at the edge of the darkness waiting for him to get back after accomplishingwhat he wants, and when Al-Khidhr wanders with his army, Ðul-Qarnain would camp and vice versa,and while Al-Khidhr was wandering he fell in a valley and kept on marching through, and in hismarching he found the spring of life and drank from it, with some details they mentioned, but Ðul-Qarnain did not find it, and Ðul-Qarnain gave him (Al-Khidhr) a red bead that lights up at night like atorch, so whenever is lost of those who were with him he would throw it on the ground and itscreams so that the lost man would be able to get back to the group, and then they passed throughthe darkness in forty days, then they reached the light that was not like the light of the sun nor themoon, and then Ðul-Qarnain kept on marching through the light to the end until he reached a landwith red sand and pearls as stones with a great palace that has a length of a league almost, and alongits length there was a robe of iron with a bird hanging from it like a swallow, so then that blackswallow talked and asked Ðul-Qarnain about a type of life's ornaments and Ðul-Qarnain answeredwith yes, so then the bird got larger and covered one third of the robe, and then it asked him aboutanother type of the life's ornaments and he answered with yes, and the bird got larger to two thirds,and then he asked him for the third time, and so the bird got larger and filled the gap between thewalls of the palace, and his questions were about building with gypsum and bricks, and about theabundance of entertainments, and about the false testimony, and in every time Ðul-Qarnainanswered and the bird gets larger, Ðul-Qarnain gets so scared, and then he asked him about anotherthree matters, and everytime Ðul-Qarnain answers, the bird gets smaller by one third until he got

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back to his original shape, and he had asked him: did people forget about saying "No other god savebut God (Allah)"? Did people leave praying? Did people forget about the wash after pollution(semen), and in everytime the answer was "no" and for every answer the bird got smaller andsmaller, and during all of that Ðul-Qarnain was so scared but he had patience and waited to see theresult at the end, then the bird ordered him to climb the stairs to the roof and so he did with fearand then he reached a roof the expands with the eye sight and found a young man with a white faceand wearing white clothes while he was looking to the sky and like waiting for a command andputting his finger on his mouth, so when he felt the arrival of Ðul-Qarnain and saw him he said tohim: who is this? He answered: I am Ðul-Qarnain, then he said: the world before you was not enoughto make you come to me here? Then he contunued: I am the owner of the trumpet and waiting forthe commandment of my Lord, then he threw a stone to him and said: take this and get back, if itwas hungry you shall be hungry too, and if it got satisfied you will be satisfied too, then Ðul-Qarnaingot back to his men and marched back through the darkness and got back in safe with Al-Khidhr,then he told them about the palace and the bird and the man over the roof and the stone and whatthe man on the roof said to him and Ðul-Qarnain did not think about he meaning of what that mansaid, but Al-Khidhr (PUH) knew the purpose of all of that and told him (Ðul-Qarnain) about it, and thetruth was what Al-Khidhr knew, and he took the stone and balanced it with another one, but thestone was heavier, and they added more stones against it until they reached one thousand stonesagainst that one only, but the stone was always heavier and they did not know any reason for thisand why the stone was given to him (Ðul-Qarnain), but Al-Khidhr knew the reason and so hebalanced the stone against another one like it with some grains of sand, and the balance becameequal and he knew the wisdom of this and the secret, and the interpretation of Al-Khidhr (PUH) forthis stone is something so great, which made tears of Ðul-Qarnain fall down and made him see thekingdom and life so cheap.

In brief about its meaning, that the child of Adam is ambitious that never satisfied with anything hecan reach except for the sand, meaning the grave, or either God guides him, and the best that onecan do is to lose faith in life and advance towards the after-life with meditation, and for this whenthey were in their way back through the darkness they heard some noise under the hooves of theirhorses and they told him (Ðul-Qarnain) about that so he said: take some of it, the one who will takewill regret and the one who will not take will regret as well, and so some took of what was there andsome did not, and when they went out of the darkness they found that it was green emerald, and sothe ones who took and did not take both did regret (?), and it is attributed to the prophet (PUH) thathe said: God have mercy upon my brother Ðul-Qarnain, if he did find emerald in his way he wouldextract it and never leave it for his desire for life, but when he got back he left it all for he saw life socheap. They say also that once he saw an old faithful man so he invited him to be with him and saidto him: come with me to console myself with you and get help from you for some of my matters, sohe answered: yes I would if you guaranteed for me four things: riches never end, a health with nosickness, and a youth without oldness, and a life with no death, so then Ðul-Qarnain said: whatcreature is able to do all of that? The old man said then: then I am with the One who can do all ofthat and owns them as well as He owns you. Then he passed over a scholar that said to him: tell meabout two things that since God created them still exist, and about two running things, and abouttwo different things, and about two things that hate each other, so Ðul-Qarnain said to him: the twoexisting things are heaven and earth, and the two running things are the sun and moon, and the twodifferent things are day and night, and the two things that hate each other are life and death, so then

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the scholar said: you are a scholar now, so go on. Then he passed over an old man that flips the skullsbetween his hands and said to Ðul-Qarnain: I want to distinguish between the rich and the poor but Icouldn't, then said Ðul-Qarnain: you meant me by this and no one else. While he was wanderingagain he met the Wise Nation of Moses' people that order with justice, and when he saw them hesaid to them: O folks, tell me about your tidings for I wandered all over the earth and knew thepeoples from east to west and knew its lands and seas but I did not find someone like you, so why doyou keep the graves of your dead people in front of the doors of your houses? They answered: toremember the death and never let it out of our hearts, he said: why your houses have no doors?They answered: we have no thieves, no one of doubts and no one is to be charged (accused) and wehave only the faithful, he said then: why you have no rulers? They answered: we don't wrong eachother, he said then: why you don't have judges? They answered: we never fight with each other, hesaid then: why you have no kings? They answered: we don't reproduce, he said then: why don't youshow pride? They answered: for we have passion for each other, he said then: why don't you fightwith each other? They answered: for our hearts are tied together. You've passed over before aboutthe matter of the origin and ancestry of Ðul-Qarnain and we explained it at the beginning, and thereis one more thing, that they said he is Eskandar ben Faylaqus (Alexander the son of Philip, orFailakus) the greek, and they take a clue for this from quran which mentioned that the man namedÐul-Qarnain owned the east and west, and it is mentioned, with fame, in history books that the onewho owned that much is no one but Alexander, and when his father died he raised upon the throneand defeated the Roman kings [maybe the author means here the Greek kings as well] and hegathered them after being several tribes, and then he defeated the kings of the west until he reachedthe green sea, then he got back to Egypt and built Alexandria after his name, then he went to thelands of Shem and defeated the children of Israel and kept going on to Iraq and defeated the peoplethere, and then went to Dârâ ben Dârâ the persian king [I think Dârâ is meant to be the name ofDarius] and defeated him many times [this describtion coincide with Darius III] until he killed him andgot his throne and persian were all under his command, and then he went along to India and Chinaand invaded the far nations and then he got back to Khurâsân and built many cities there, and wentafter that to Iraq. Since quran mentioned that Ðul-Qarnain owned the earth, and since in history it isproved that the one that could do all of that is only Alexander the son of Philip (Alexander the Great)the greek (Macedonian), then both things coincide and match and the time period does not changethe reality, and no one could have such describtions except of Solomon ben David (PUT) and this ismentioned before. They mentioned also other tales that have no use to mention here and waste theprecious time with them, and yes, it is attributed from the prophet (PUH) and his Household (PUT)that they said that he was a faithful man that God made him rule the earth and gave him the wisdomand made people be afraid of him, so we shall believe in him and mention his name with every goodthing although we do not know who he is and it is enough for us the quran mentioned him, and Godtakes care of His faithful servants, and may prays be upon Muhammad and his purified Household,and thanks be for God.

Ayub (Job) The Prophet (PUH)

He is the son of Mus ben Razâh (Zerah) ben Ra`u'eel (Reuel) ben Esau ben Isaac ben Abraham thefriend of God (PUH), and his mother was the daughter of Lot (PUH) and his residence was in Huran inthe lands of Shem in Al-Baþniyyah, part of Damascus as in Muruj Al-Ðahab for Al-Mas`udi. He had lotof riches and children so God tested him in hisself and his money and his children, but he had abeautiful patience, and then God gave him back whatever he lost as a double and gave him back his

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health and his shape and his strength, and he has a mosque there entitled by his name and thespring that he washed his body from is known in the lands of Golan between Damascus and Jordan,and this mosque and this spring are about three miles away from the town of Nawâ, and the stonethat he used to take refuge in with his wife Rahmah is founded there in ground of that mosque, andit might be a cave beside the mosque. It is said that Job did not eat his food unless a poor or a wretchsit with him, and whenever he is offered two matters to choose from he then chooses the one that isthe hardest for him. It is reported from trusted people that when he (PUH) was tested for continuousseven years with his health, his smell never been bad and his shape never misshaped and neversuppurated or anything dirty happened to him that could make people keep away from him and hisbody never got worms in it, but people kept away from him because of his apparent poverity andweakness for their ignorance for his true condition and his high place for God. Whatever is saidabout him being sick and that made misshapes in his body which made people keep away from him,this is something that opposes the place of prophecy. This is to be discussed later on. They say hewas called Ayub (Job) because his health and his family and his riches all gone and back again, andafter the test and after thanking his Lord, God got him back his health and his children and his moneyand gifted him, for this he was called Job, which supposed to mean "getting back" as mentioned. Thetruth is that his name is approperiate since he got back what he lost, so he got back to his health andhis fortune and his children after the adversities, and they say he lived for ninty three years and hemade his son Hawmal the leader after him and then God sent his son Basheer ben Job as a prophetafter him and called him Ðul-Kifl and He ordered him to call for God and His religion and believe inHim as One and he lived in the lands of Shem all of his life until he died and he was then nonty fiveyears old, and Basheer made his son `Abdân a leader after him and God sent after him Isaiah theprophet, as it is mentioned in Safeenat Al-Bihâr by Al-Mohaddiþ Al-Qummi.

They also said that Job was a famous man known for his righteousness and for his patience for thishe was called The Righteous, and been an example for patience. Some historians of muslim scholarsmentioned, after many opposing tales about Job that call for doubts about his existance, he said:some said that Job is a hypothetical name and it was not his name in any time and the story abouthim is a false story or the real story had been complemented with legendary stories, and also he saidalso: we say that he is a faithful man and one of God's servants that God tested him with his richesand his family and his body and he had a beautiful patience, so then God gave him a lot more thanwhat he lost before and praised him in His quran and made him a prophet. He continued: people sayabout the adversity of Job some sayings that points out that he was sick by some illness thatmisshaped him and made people keep away from him and this is something that does not apply forthe high place of prophecy, and the scholars of Islam had agreed that prophets are saved fromdiseases that keeps the people away from them. The answer to all of this is mentioned afore and itwill come in details what was attributed to the prophet (PUH) and his Household (PUT), so just wait.It is attributed to the prophet (PUH) that he said: the greatest people in their adversities are theprophets, and then comes after them in order the best and then the better, and God tested Hisviceroys with the great adversities to make people calm about their adversities, and to make themnot to call for lordship when they see all of the fortunes and gifts given from God to them, to makethem know that mercy of God with its two types, deserved or specialized, and to make them not tohumiliate a weak man for his weakness or a poor man for his poverity nor a sick for his disease, andto make them know that God makes whoever He desires sick and whoever He desires healthy at anytime He desires by any how He desires for any reason He desires, and make it as a sermon for any

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one He desires and as misery for any one He desires, and as happiness for any one He desires, andHe, the Exalted, in all of that, just in His actions and wise in His deeds and never do to His servantsexcept what is beneficial for them and there is no strength unless by Him. Whoever meditatethrough this speech and was wise enough, he would know lot of the secrets of God's deeds with Hisviceroys, and that God tested His servant Job (PUH) with the heaviest of adversities that one canhave and took away his life's ornamentations but left for him his mind, his hearing, his sight and histongue as a test for him and to obtain the degree of his faith and to show wether he can keep hisfaith or he would look for someone else other than his Creator, and He, the Exalted, knows howmuch faith he had and knows his caution to get the satisfaction of his Lord, but He tested him toraise him in levels in this life and in the after-life and make him an example to be followed by the restof the creations and to show them that having patience toward the adversities is rewarded with thegreatest gifts and that His viceroys are competing for this great level and so there are low and highlevels, and so God gave His servant Job many gifts and he thanked God for them, then He took awaythe gifts one by another, and by each time Job used to thank God as well and he knew that he waschosen by God for some reason and so he increased his thanks with the increasing adversities and hewas absolutely satisfied for this, until people started to mock at him and claimed that he deservedfor all of that, but he kept on praising God, and the Merciful Knower knew that the mocking of hisenemies and their claims that if only Job did not have evil in himself God would not do all of that tohim, and He knew that such talk was hurting him more than his pains and sickness and so then Hereleased his pains and gifted him again with more than what he had as it is mentioned in the holybook in the chapter of Al-Anbiyâ': And Job, when he cried unto his Lord, (saying): Lo! adversityafflicteth me, and Thou art Most Merciful of all who show mercy. Then We heard his prayer andremoved that adversity from which he suffered, and We gave him his household (that he had lost)and the like thereof along with them, a mercy from Our store, and a remembrance for theworshippers(Al-Anbiyâ':83-84), and in the chapter of Sâd: And make mention (O Muhammad) of Ourbondman Job, when he cried unto his Lord (saying): Lo! the devil doth afflict me with distress andtorment. (And it was said unto him): Strike the ground with thy foot. This (spring) is a cool bath and arefreshing drink.And We bestowed on him (again) his household and therewith the like thereof, amercy from Us, and a memorial for men of understanding. And (it was said unto him): Take in thinehand a branch and smite therewith, and break not thine oath. Lo! We found him steadfast, howexcellent a slave! Lo! he was ever turning in repentance (to his Lord)(Sâd:41-44).

So God told the prophet (PUH) about what happened with Job (PUH) and the chapters of Al-Anbiyâ'and Sâd and advised him to remember what happened to him and take sermons from his story andto teach his nation about his story and reminds them about it to take wisdom his story, and when hisconditions went worse he raised his hands to his Lord with humiliation, forgetting about what hefaced of adversities and whatever he faced from the devil's tricks and the devil's whispers to thepeople that made him keep away from him and even kept him out from their houses with his wifeRahmah and that got so heavy on Job and it was even harder in pain more than his sickness, becausehis sickness was from God but what happened with him with the people is a deed of the devil hisfollowers, and the damned used to come to Job and say to him: your sickness got so long in time andyour Lord does not have mercy on you, and then used to remind him of what gifts and riches withchildren that he used to have and how close he was to the people, and reminded him with hisgatherings and caused him to worry and being bored with confusion of thought, so he called for hisLord to eliminate what was with him of troubles that caused by the devil's whispers, and the damned

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was urging to make him fall in a sin, but he (PUH) was aware of his tricks and kept on being patientand increased in his faith in his Lord and that was a reason to raise up his adversities and to be giftedfrom his Lord.

The Back of Gifts From God to Job (PUH)

What is mentioned about this matter is that God ordered His servant Job to strike the ground withhis leg, and when he did that, a spring appeared and been told that this is a spring that is cool bathand a refreshing drink, and so he had a bath with it and drank until he was satisfied and so hisappearance and his inside were cured, and what is apparent from the holy phrase that it was onlyone spring and he drank and had a bath from it for God's saying "This (spring) is a cool bath and arefreshing drink" which denotes a single form and that the bath and drinking was from one source.They say that there were two springs so he drank from one and bathed with the other and then Godmade him healthy again and banished all the pains that were in him and gave him back his beautyand his dignity so that if someone that saw him while he was sick wouldn't know him after beinghealthy again, and thus, his wife Ramhah the daughter of Joseph the Righteous (PUH) came to himand did not know him and so she asked him about her sick husband Job, and there were a dialoguebetween them about his characterisitics, and then he identified hisself to her and told her that he isJob and that God made him healthy again, so when she turned to be sure of that she fell prostratingto thank God and God also gave her back her beauty and youth for her patience and her care for herhusband and her sincerity and for sharing his adversities, and although he lost everything she stoodbeside him serving him and taking care of him and so she was equal to him in his adversities, for thiswhen Job swore that he must beat her one hundred times by flogging, his Lord ordered him to beather but as if he does not beat her and never hurt her and so Job can satisfy the oath that he madeand this is in God saying: And (it was said unto him): Take in thine hand a branch and smitetherewith, and break not thine oath(Sâd:44), and it is a full hand of stems or something like it for heswore that he must flog her for one hundred times for something that she said and he denied, soGod said to him: take a branch as much as the number of beats that you swore with and then strikeher all at once and you did your oath and did not oppose the commandment of your Lord, and it ismentioned by Ibn `Abbâs that the reason for this that the Satan met her in the shape of a physicianand she called him to cure Job so he said to her: I will cure him but he should say to me then "youcured me" and I do not ask for more than that, and she said yes, and when she suggested that to Jobhe swore to flog her. Some of the tales that are suitable for this matter is what was mentioned by Al-Sâdiq (PUH): God tests the faithful man with every test and take out his soul in many ways but nevertest him by removing his mind, don't you see Job (PUH) how the Satan took all his riches and childrenand everything he had but did not take control over his mind and left that for him to remember Godwith it. He (PUH) also said: when in the doomsday the beautiful woman that astrayed by her beautyis brought and she would say: O Lord, You made me pretty and faced what I faced, and then Mary isbrought and they will say to her (the woman): are you better than her? I made her beautiful and shedid not astray, and the handsome man that was astrayed because of his beauty and he would say: OLord, You made me handsome and I faced what I faced from women, and then Joseph is brought andit is said to him (the man): are you more handsome than him? I made him handsome and he did notastray, and then the man that astrayed because of his troubles is brought and he would say: O Lord,Your adversities were so tough that made me astray, and then Job is brought and it is said to him (theman): are your adversities are more than his? I tested him with much more adversities but he did notastray. The meaning os astray here is doing the sins and may exceed that to disbelieving and refusing

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the religion, so we take refuge by God, the Exalted, from the evil of the devil and from the reasons ofdisbelieving and from the bad spirit talk, and we shall ask Him, the Exalted, for forgiveness andhealth, by His beloved the prophet (PUH) and his Household the chosen (PUT). We've pointed outthat God gave Job's wife, Rahmah the daughter of Joseph, her youth back as well as He did to Jobwith gifts, and she gave birth to twenty six males, and he had seven males and seven females that Goresurrected them, because God tested him for no sins he made for seven years, but God'sjudgements desired that as a test for his faith and He is never asked about His deeds but only themwill be asked. He (Al-Sâdiq PUH) also said: God tested Job for no sins he made and he was patientuntil he was mocked at by his enemies and the prophets can't bear mocking, and after God's gifts tohim and his health back, Job was asked: what was the worse thing you faced during this period? Hesaid: mocking of the enemies. They say also that God rained him in his home with gold and he usedto collect it, and when the wind blows up something away, he used to ran after it and then Gabriel(PUH) said to him: aren't you satisfied Job? He answered then: who is satisfied enough from hisLord's gifts?

As attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH): Job (PUH) with all what he was tested with, he never had a bad smelland never had an ugly shape and never been bleeding and people never saw him dirty and theynever felt afraid of him for his shape, and worms did not ever approached his body, and this is howGod does to all the prophets that He puts under the test, but people kept away from him because ofhis poverity and weakness for their ignorance for what (gifts) he had in God's hands. As attributed tosome scholars that he (Al-Sâdiq PUH) said also: it is not denied that the adversities and pains that Jobhad in his body and his household and his riches reached a level of sadness and pain that exceed thepain that would someone with leprosy would have, and it is not denied that the pains increased forhim, but it denied for him everything that would make people disgusted. That was an answer for him(PUH) for the claims that say: that Job had some diseases that made people disgusted for because ofthe smell of the shape and that the meat of his body was melting down and he had worms in hisbody and whenever something falls from his body he gets it back to its place seeking God's blessingsand people then threw him later on to the trash outside of the town, and his wife was always withhim and always seeking for help for him and they used to give some help to her, and whatever he lostof riches and children and health was because of the Satan, and God ordered the Satan with this andsaid to him: I gave permission for you over his money, his children, his farms, his sheeps and his bodyexcept of his mind, his eyes, his tongue and his hearing, so then the Satan breathed at him and hemade him like one ulcer from the top of his head to the tip of his foot and he stayed like that for longtime praising God until his body had some worms in it, and the worm used to get out of his body andhe gets it back to its position saying: get back to your position that God created you from, and hesmelled bad which made the people of the town got him out to the trash our of the town..etc. This issomething that no one bear to mention unless it was for mocking.

There are many weird and amazing stories and only God knows everything that was, but what issupposed by the rules of justice is what we've mentioned before about the rights of the of viceroysof God and of the One who chose them to accomplish such commandments, and God is the One thatwe seek for help and He has the commandments and no strength except by Him, then let a just manlook at the tales of such exaggerating narrators and let him judge by his heart, they said that theSatan when to some monks that used to be with him (Job) and they were on mountains worshippingGod, so he came to them in a shape of an old man and he said to them: let us go to that servant ofadversities and ask him about his adversities, so they rode their mules and they came to him, and

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when they went closer, their moles kept away because of his bad smell, so they tied them togetherand went to him by walking and they sat with him and asked him about the reason for his troubles,and they said to him: we see that adversities were revealed upon you for your bad soul and forsomething you keep a secret in you and you show something opposite to it..etc. There is a long talkfrom them and his answers to them were also likewise and it is heavy to be mentioned, until he saidto them: if only I can sit in front of my Lord to give my clues, and then God sent a cloud and a speakerspoke from it with ten thousand tongues and languages saying: O Job give your clues for I am close toyou and I will always be. A narrator said: then Job wore his apron and kneeled down and said: You'vetested me with such adversities and You know that no two things were offered to me but I shallchoose the hardest one to my body and I never had food from my own unless there was a wretchwith me on my table, he (the narrator) continued: then he was said unto him (Job): O Job who madeworshipping beloved to you? Who made you worship God while people are not aware? You alsopraise Him while people are sleeping, do you make favour to God what God has the favour for you?When he heard that from his Lord he took some sand and put it in his mouth and said: You, my Lord,did all that for me, so then God revealed an angel down and he kicked the ground with his feet and awater spring appeared and he washed him with that water and he got back to the best of hisconditions..etc. This is as we see is something we deny and it is something that could be for someonedenoted to be a prophet.

Another Story Similar to What Was Mentioned Before

It is mentioned by Wahab and Ka`b Al-Ahbâr and others that are non-muslims that Job the prophetwas a roman man and on his forehead it was written "The Patient for Adversities", and he is Job benMus ben Darih ben Esau ben Isaac ben Abraham (PUT) [please refer to the beginning of this chapterand compare the name], and his mother was a descendant of Lot ben Haran (PUH) and he lived in Al-Baþnah, a town in the lands of Shem, and he had there many fortunes of camels, cows, horses,sheeps, and he was a faithful man that kept refuse in God against the devil and his tricks, and he hadthree men the believed in him with him, a man from Yemen was called Aleefan (Eliphaz), and twomen from his own lands. It is attributed to Wahab a long speech that contains the tricks of Satan withJob (PUH) with details, mentioning that he (Satan) tricked Job with his money and children and hisbody by a permission of God, and Job increased in his praising to God, and that was annoying forSatan, and he nagotiated with his devils about what to do with him and he was never bored nor tiredto trick him and make him sin and Job knew all his trials and kept on being so cautious for him andhis soldiers, and then Satan went to the friends of Job and his beloved trying to make them hate Joband keep away from his beliefs until they said to him sorrowful and painful words, and some of thesetalks is known by the answer of Job to them as it is mentioned when he said to them: thanks be toGod for whenever He gave me and for whenever He took from me, naked I got out from the womb ofmy mother and naked I shall go back to the ground, and naked I shall face God at the end, so youshould not be happy O man when God gives you and should be scared when He takes form you, forGod is the Best that can handle you, and if He knew any good in you He would take your soul withthe other souls so you would be rewarded and be a martyr, but He knew that you only have someevil so He avoided you from adversities. That was the talk of Job to Satan when he came to him in theshape of someone that wanted to advise and blame him for his patience, so then Satan came back tohis fellows as been humiliated. Satan continued to call people to deny him until they all refused himexcept of his wife Rahmah, so his sincere folks refused him but without refusing his religion and theykept on blaming him and mocking at him until he said to them: you are more harder on me than my

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adversity is, then he turned away from them and said: O Lord, for what reason I've been created?Wish if I can know that sin I did and the deed that I did that made You turn away from me, if just Youmade me follow my fathers for death is beloved more by me, was not I as a home for the stranger,and a home for the poor, and a father for the wretch, and a carer for the widow? O my Lord am I buta humiliated servant, if I did good then You have the favour and if I did bad then my punishment is inYour hands, You've made me a subject for the adversities..etc. It is a long and a great and an amazingpray that he mentioned in it the details of the adversities and whatever he faced of consolations andproblems, and all of that as a complaint against God with the presence of his folks with him, so theanswer from God was to be to blame him extremely for what he did of complaining extremely, andsome of the speech of God to him was: and wear your apron and stand as an almighty for there is noone that should stand against me except of an almighty like me and no one should stand against meunless he who make the barnacles in the mouth of the lion, and the lambs in the mouth of thegriffons and the bridles in the mouth of the dragons..etc, and this last talk is attributed to God. ThenHe started to count His favours for His servants and His creations, who made His earth, who madeHis heavens, the seas, the trees, the angels, the human, the djinn, the source of creativity, the detailsof things, whatever is kept in the chests of men, the languages of animals on lands, sea or air, otherthan animals, the soul, the mind, the hearing, the sightness and so on of such favours that have noend, and then the situation of Job was the most dangerous of all, he lost his mind and been muteand deaf and blind and did not know what to say. Yes he said, and some of what he said was: wish ifearth was torn apart and I went inside of it instead of saying something that makes my Lord mad atme, until he said: O Lord, You made me like an enemy to You and You used to present me with gifts, aword that slipt of my tongue and I will never do it again, and I've put my hand on my mouth and biton my tongue and to the ground I've put my cheek, forgive me for what I've said and I will never dosomething You hate again. Then said God: O Job, I've known you before, and My mercy comes beforeMy anger, and if you've mistaken, I've forgave your mistakes and I shall give you back your householdand your money and the same as them to be an example for those who will come after you and bean example for people of adversities and those of patience.

Then God revealed on him His gifts in life and the after-life, and the greatest gift was His satisfactiontowards him and the after-life, so then the Merciful called him and ordered him to kick the groundwith his feet, this is a spring with a cold bath and for drink, and so he did and a spring appeared so hegot into it and bathed so then God took away all what he had of adversities, then he got out and sat,and his wife tried to feel him in the bed but she did not find him then she said in a speech of a loverand said to him: O servant of God do you know the man of adversities that was here a while ago? Hesaid to her: would you know him if you saw him? She said: yes, how come I wouldn't, so then hesmiled and said: I am him, so she knew him from his smile and hugged him and she had the greathappiness, and thanks be to God. Then we've pointed out that scholars differ in the time of his callsfor his Lord and the period of his adversities and for what reason he said "Lo! adversity afflictethme", and as attributed to the prophet (PUH) he said that the prophet Job (PUH) remained in hisadversity for eighteen years and people around him from close relatives to far ones all refused himand kept away from him except for two men from his brothers and his wife Rahmah that never lefthim. It is mentioned that Job (PUH) remained ill for seven years and some months without money orchildren or friends excpet of his wife Rahmah that had patience with him at the time that he neverforgot to praise God and thank Him, so then Satan screamed and gathered all his armies from allaround the earth because of his anger for Job's patience, so they suggested for him to approach Job

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from the side of his wife Rahmah, so she came to him (Job) with something faulty because of thewhispers of the damned so he (Job) said to her: the enemy of God came to you and breathed in youand you accepted him, woe to you, do you see all of that fortune and children and health that I wasin before, who gave them to me? She said: God, he said then: for how long? She said: eighty years.The meaning was that he said to her that God tested us for seven years and some months so it is notjust to enjoy the wealth for eighty years and never be patient for seven years and some months, thenhe swore that if God made him healthy again he would flog her for one hundred times and then hebanished her from his place and he had no one to serve him and then he fell prostrating for God andsaid: Lo! adversity afflicteth me, and Thou art Most Merciful of all who show mercy(Al-Anbiyâ':83),and that was a reason for his relief and then his wife Rahmah regretted and got back to him and said:if he banished me to whom shall I leave him, shall I leave him die of fear or get lost and beasts wouldeat him? So then she got back with sadness and regret but she did not see him so she started cryingfor Job, and then she saw a handsome man with fine garments so she asked him about Job, so hesaid to her: what do you want O servant of God? She cried then and said: I wanted that man ofadversities, the one that was left alone, I don't know wether he was lost or what did he do, so hesaid: would you know him if you saw him? She said then: he was the one of the God's creation that ismostly like you if he was well, he said then: I am Job..etc, and we've been talking a lot and repeatedsome and it is some of what we found.

This is the last thing we did like to mention about the conditions of the faithful man, the prophet Job,may peace be upon him and on the prophet (PUH) and his Household (PUT).

Dear reader, notice that Jethro is an approximated name for this prophet. In the translation of thechapter of Moses you will find that the author of the book pointing out that Moses did not marry thedaughter of Yiþrun or Yiþri, who was a faithful man or the chief of Midian, and apparently this nameis just Jethro, the name that was mentioned in Torah. But since muslims believe that Moses marriedone of Shu`ayb's daughter, and since in Torah it is mentioned that Moses married the daughter of aman called Jethro, I decided to let Jethro as a representative name for Shu`ayb since it is more ofLatin sense, but be careful not to mix things together, Jethro is still not meant to be the same personthat Torah pointed out as for muslims do!

Shu`ayb (Jethro) The Prophet (PUH)

He is Shu`ayb (Jethro) ben Nowayt ben Ra`u'eel (Reuel) ben Murrah ben `Anqâ' ben Midian benAbraham (PUH) [notice: unfortunately I couldn't find the ancestry of Jethro in Torah to check withthe name listed above in Arabic, but for Nowayt it is close to the name Nahath mentioned in Torah asone of Reuel sons, but Reuel is a son for Esau and do not follow the chain mentioned here, butNahath and Nowayt have some similarities as you can see], and his tongue was Arabic and was sentfrom the people of Midian as it is mentioned in Muruj Al-Ðahab, and `Atâ' [seems a person's name]said: He is Shu`ayb ben Nowayt ben Midian ben Abraham (PUH) and he was called the Speaker ofProphets for his billiant ways in debate with his people and his talent in proving his point against his

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people and disapprove their clues, and his people here is meant to be the people of Al-Aykah (thedwellers in the wood), and some say that he was sent twice, once to Midian and once to Al-Aykah(and it is a place near Midian with lot of waters and trees). It is mentioned that he was the first oneto measure the balance with his hands so they were measruing with honesty but then they cheatedin their measures so then they were taken by a great shake and left dead in their dwelling place, it ismentioned also that he sent some messangers from his side to the people, and one of hismessangers was Shu'ayb ben Sâlih, he sent him to his (Shu`ayb ben Sâlih's) people but they killed himand threw him in a well, and it is possible that he was sent to the lands of Shem as it is shown byhistory and traces, and one of his messengers was Hassân ben Sinân Al-Awzaâ`ee, he was themessanger of Jethro to the lands of Africa so he went to them calling for faith in God and work tofullful His commandments, but they called him a liar and kept him a prisoner in a hole until he died,and another one was Al-Hâriþ ben Shu`yb Al-Ghassâni, and he was Jethro's messanger to Midian butthey called him a liar and killed him as well. Jethro used to cry a lot, and as attributed to Anas benMâlik that he reported from the prophet (PUH) that he said: Jethro cried for God's love until hebecame blind, and then his sightness was brought back to him by God, then he cried again until hebecame blind and God brought his sightness again, and so on until the fourth time when Godinspired to him: O Jethro, until what time you shall be crying? If it was for your fear of hell, thenknow that I protected you against it, and if it was for your love for paradise, then know that I made itfor you, so then he said: O my Lord and Master, You know that I did not cry for the fear of Your hellnor for the love of Your paradise, but Your love is knotted in my heart and I can't keep patience to seeYou, then God inspired to him: if it was like that then I will send to you my speaker Moses benAmram (PUH) to serve you, and this story could have many interpretations, maybe the mostprobable of all is that he meant "I will keep crying until I see you after my death."

What we understand from all of this is that Jethro was alone and had no one to believe in him and inhis Lord and in the right path, except of hypocrites, so he was hated by everyone, and had no one tolove except of God, like for someone that has only one child and loving him so much and afraid tolose him so he keeps on being sad. What is said by the prophet Jethro to God is exactly in the samemeaning of what the prince of believers, `Ali ben Abi-Tâlib (PUH) said: I did not worship You for myfear of Your hell, nor for my love to Your paradise, but I found that You are the One that to beworshipped and so I did. The chapters the mentioned the story of Jethro (Shu`ayb) are: Al-A`râf, Hud,Al-Shu`arâ', Al-`Ankabut, and others. God said: And unto Midian (We sent) their brother, Shu'eyb. Hesaid: O my people! Serve Allah. Ye have no other Allah save Him. Lo! a clear proof hath come untoyou from your Lord; so give full measure and full weight and wrong not mankind in their goods, andwork not confusion in the earth after the fair ordering thereof. That will be better for you, if ye arebelievers.Lurk not on every road to threaten (wayfarers), and to turn away from Allah's path him whobelieveth in Him, and to seek to make it crooked. And remember, when ye were but few, how He didmultiply you. And see the nature of the consequence for the corrupters!(Al-A`râf:85-86), and thereare lot of others holy phrases and the contents are almost the same. Midian was the name of hisvillage and there lived his tribe and the father of the tribe was Midian the son of the Abraham (PUH)and so the village and the tribe were named after him, for this God did say "And unto Midian (Wesent) their brother, Shu'eyb," meaning that We sent their brother Shu`ayb (Jethro) to Midian, and hewas sent also to Al-Aykah (the wood dwellers) and they were also part of his people, and we'vementioned before that Al-Aykah is near by Midian and it is a place of lot of waters and trees, and sohe came to them with what was revealed on his grandfather Abraham (PUH) from the Exalted One,

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he came to them with the fair laws of His religion with whatever it contains of regulations andworshipping and what is prohibited and what is allowed and what would bring them happiness in lifeand the after-life, so he ordered them to be fair in their measurements while weighing to give theright amount by themselves so they don't cheat in their dealings with others, and not to do mischiefson earth after being fixed by others before them, by prophets and messangers and their viceroyswith the faithful men, and not to follow the lusts and doing sins and not to allow what God forbadeand forbid what God allowed just to follow the lusts. They used to sit on the roads and try to keepthe people away from reaching him for they were afraid that they will leave the worshipping of theidols, and they used to mock at his way (of guiding) and warn and threaten everyone that believes inhim and wanted to make the path of God to be crooked, and they did their best to ignore the calls ofJethro (PUH) and they used to say to him: O Shu'eyb! We understand not much of that thoutellest(Hud:91), and also they humbled him by saying: and lo! we do behold thee weak amongus(Hud:91), and then they threatened him by saying: But for thy family, we should have stoned thee,for thou art not strong against us(Hud:91), but inspite of all of this he kept on calling for the faith ofGod until he embarrased his people by proving the falsehood of their beliefs and proved to them therighteousness of his path, for he was calling to what they hate of the faith and to be straight in theirdealings and fair, so when they got annoyed by his clues against their religion, their tyrants gatheredtogether and threatened him to banish him out of the village with his followers if they did not getback to their religion, but he answered them by saying: Even though we hate it? We should haveinvented a lie against Allah if we returned to your religion after Allah hath rescued us from it(Al-A`râf:88-89), but that would be if God wanted to keep us away from His closeness. God forbids tomake the one who called for Him and who called to His path astray. So, their only way was to warntheir people not to be tricked and join his religion telling them that they will be losers if they did so.The most important thing that they were denying about his religion is that he ordered not to worshipwhat their fathers used to worship and not to do whatever they like in their money and in theirmeasurements and dealings with others.

They mocked at his prayer that orders him with these commands as they claim and they said to himas to mock at him "thou art the mild, the guide to right behaviour." After all he kept on beingpatience and come to them from time to time and proving their falsehood until God ordered forthem to be destroyed, and the earthquake seized them, and they were all destroyed as if they didnot live there and Jethro with his followers were saved. Then God sent him to the people of Al-Aykahand it was close to Midian and there lived some God worshippers, and some said that it was in thedeserts of Midian and Jethro was a foreigner for them and they used to do as the people of Midianused to do, so when he commanded them not to do so they said to him: Thou art but one of thebewitched; Thou art but a mortal like us, and lo! we deem thee of the liars(Al-Shu`arâ':185-186), forthey thought that God do not send a human to human beings to guide them and they did not knowthat God makes His message where He desires. They asked him for miracles and asked him to makepieces of the sky fall upon them to prove that he's truthful, and they did not ask him for guidance tothe true path, and so they were taken by the punishment of the day of gloom, when God revealedupon them an extreme heat for seven days until their waters were boiled. Then God drove a cloud tothem and they gathered under the shadow of that cloud to avoid the heat and then the cloud rainedthem with fire so all were burnt and died and God said about that day: Lo! it was the retribution ofan awful day(Al-Shu`arâ':189). Some said that they were destroyed by an earthquake and some saidthat God revealed an extreme heat on them that took their breathes away, so then they went inside

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their homes but it got into their homes as well and no shadow nor water could avoid them that.Then God sent to them a nice breeze and they called each other to follow that breeze and when theywere all out and gathered under the cloud, God made it rain fire on them and the earth shakedunder their feet and they were burnt like locusts and turned to ashes, and this is the day of gloom.Some said that God sent to them one shout and they all turned to be dead. It is mentioned thatJethro was sent to two tribes, one of them was destroyed by the earthquake and the other by theday of gloom, and there should be no contradictions between the tales since all tales point out toone thing in general which is their destruction by God for their rebellious nature against God and Hisprophet [2 lines come then but I did not get what the author meant!]. It is mentioned that after thedestruction of his people, Jethro went back to his original place and the dwelling place of his tribeand that is Midian with his faithful followers and he lived there, and there he met Moses ben Amram(PUT), and it seems that it was a fertile land and their people used to live in luxury and they weretraders and their land was a destination for many others, and its location might be in Palestine andwhatever is mentioned about its location saying that it is between Hijâz and the lands of Shem doesnot oppose that idea (of being in Palestine), and we've mentioned before the speech of Al-Sâdiq(PUH) when he said that God sent only five prophets from Arabs and they were: Hud, Sâlih, Ishmael,Jethro and Muhammad (PUT), and in a speech for Al-Bâqir (PUH) he said: God inspired unto Jethrothat He will punish one hundred thousand of his people, forty thousand of their tyrants and sixtythousand of their good ones, so he (Jethro) asked: and why the good people O Lord? Then Godinspired unto him: for their easiness with the tyrants and they did not be angry along with My wrath,and as attributed to Ibn `Abbas he said that Jethro lived for two hundred and forty and two years,and some of its relative stories would come in advance in the chapter that discusses the conditionsof Moses ben Amram, may peace be upon him and upon our prophet (PUT).

Musa ben `Imrân (Moses ben Amram) (PUH)

He is Moses ben Amram ben Waheeb ben Lâwi (Levi) ben Jacob ben Isaac ben Abraham (PUH)[Waheeb might be equivalent to the name of Kohath in Torah], and some said that he is Moses benAmram ben Yas-hor ben Fâhib ben Levi ben Jacob..etc, and the mother of him and of Hârun (Aaron)was Yukhâbid (Jochebed), and some said that her name was Afâhiyyah. Moses was born in Egypt atthe time of the tyrant pharaoh Al-Waleed ben Mos`ab ben Mu`âwiyah ben Abi-Nameer ben Al-Hilwâs ben Layþ ben Harrân ben `Umar ben `Imlâq [I grow suspecious about such a name for anEgyptian pharaoh but anyway this is the author's own point of view and his own tracing], and he wasthe fourth pharaoh for Egypt, and his age grew longer and his body grew greater and the children ofIsrael were turned into slaves after the death of Joseph the righteous (PUH) and the adversities uponthem increased, and they say they were people of cattles and they were known as "the shepherds"and used to live in the desert to the north of Egypt by a recommendation from Joseph (PUH), andthen the priests and astrologers and magicians told the pharaoh that there will be a child that will beborn and remove his kingdom and do great things in the lands of Egypt, and so the pharaoh gotafraid and scared and ordered to kill the children, and as for Moses, it was as God ordered hismother, to throw him into the water and so she did and it was the Nile, as it is mentioned in MurujAl-Ðahab (PUH), and more to come in details so just wait. They say that the pharaoh had a dream,

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and saw that a great fire was coming from Jerusalem and got into Egypt and burnt everything exceptof the children of Israel, and the pharaoh was so scared so he called for the priests and interpretersand they said that a man will be born among the children of Israel and your end with the kingdom'send will be done by his hands, and so then he ordered to kill the children of Israelites. They say thatMoses lived for two hundred and forty years, and the time period between him and Abraham wasfive hundred years, and the period between Moses and Jesus was one thousand and eight hundredyears, and the period between Abraham and Shem ben Noah was around eight hundred years, andAbraham lived for one hundred and seventy five years, and the total of years in the period startingfrom Shem ben Noah until our time in this year (1971AD) is five thousand and three hundred yearsalmost, and only God knows. It is mentioned by the prophet (PUH): God chose from the prophetsfour for the sword: Abraham Moses David and me, and chose from the families four so He said: Lo!Allah preferred Adam and Noah and the Family of Abraham and the Family of 'Imran above (all His)creatures. They were descendants one of another. Allah is Hearer, Knower(Âl `Imrân:33-34). Thisspeech will be mentioned else where by God's will with some additions later on. As mentioned by Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that God inspired to Moses saying: O Moses, do you know why I chose you from amongMy creation and chose you for My words? He said: no my Lord, so then God inspired to him: I lookedto earth and I found no one like you being so humble towards Me, and then Moses fell prostratingand put his cheeks into the ground as a humiliation to his Lord, so then God inspired to him: OMoses, lift up your head and expand your hand to the position of your prostrating and pass over yourface and body for it is a cure for every illness and disease and handicap. And as attributed to Al-Bâqir(PUH) he said: God inspired to Moses: do you know why I chose you? Then said Moses: no my Lord,so then God said: O Moses I looked into My servants and I did not find anyone like you in humiliationfor Me, O Moses, you put your cheeks into the dust when you pray. It is said that whenever Mosescomes to pray he never finished unless he put his cheeks into the ground, and it is not something tohide that prostrating on the dust and putting the forehead and the cheeks into the ground issomething allowed and adorable for us (Shiite muslims), and it is mentioned that it is adorable duringthe pray and after praying and when receiving the great gifts and when pushing back the adversitiesis desired, and it is the prostrating position that is called "prostration of praising," and suchprostration is adorable in whatever condition for every faithful believer, because the faithful man donot ever stop thinking about the greatness of God from time to time and about His gifts and mercytowards himself from the beginning of his life until the end: And if ye would count the favour of Allahye cannot reckon it(Al-Nahl:18). What do you want me to mention about the gifts of God? Would themind of a thoughtful man be able to reckon it? Whatever human being you are you are still unable tocount them, and if it was only the gift of being alive, then that would be enough for you as a greatgift that can not be rewarded in exchange even if you would fall prostrating on live coal instead of theground, and the greatest gift after being alive is the gift of being guided and have faith in Him andbelieving in His prophets and His viceroys and obeying His commands by His own guidance, and notto mention the other gifts of apparent senses the hidden ones and that amazing expanding world.The prince of believers (`Ali ben Abi Tâlib) (PUH) said:

Do you claim you are a small planet

And within you the great world did hide

And whatever gift you might see, you can thank for it even you spent your life time in one prostratingor spent your life time fasting at the daytime and praying at night, for the prostrating of praising in

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such moments is one of the most honorable worshipping duties and the best of all offerings for Him,and it is allowed as we pointed out and the Imams and the Household of the prophet (PUT) kept ondoing it in their lives, and the people of the house know better what is inside. [The last phrase is aproverb-like sentence in Arabic]. It is mentioned that Al-Sâdq (PUH) was once asked about wetherAaron or Moses died first, so he said: Aaron died before Moses, and he was asked also who wasolder, so he said: Aaron, and Aaron had two sons, one of them is called Shubbar and the other wascalled Shubair [notice: in Torah, Aaron is said to have four children: Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, Ithamar]and in Arabic they are called Al-Hasan and Al-Husain. It is attributed to the prophet (PUH) that hesaid: I saw Abraham and Moses and Jesus, and as for Moses he was a long man for they were knownfor their height and bravery with nobility and one man of them was like a lion, and as for Jesus hewas a red man with a curly hair, then he went silent and they said to him: O prophet of God whatabout Abraham? He said: then look to your fellow, meaning himself (PUH).

The Birth of Moses (PUH)

His honorable birth was in Egypt at the time of the tyrant pharaoh. It was at a time when it wasordered to kill the children of Israelites, and he (the pharaoh) ordered to separate between men andwomen by putting them into the jails and captivated the women and made them as servants, and allof that was when they told him that there will be a child from the Israelites that will destroy him withhis kingdom, and they say that his mother was pregnant with him but her pregnancy did not show upuntil she gave birth to him, and the pharaoh at that time appointed coptic women for the Israelitesto keep an eye on them and kill every male born child and release the females to prevent what hewas scared of, so when the mother of Moses gave birth to him and then she looked at him, she feltso sad for him and knew that he would be killed, so she got confused and she thought about it formany times until she came so despaired and she used to ask God to make them unable to see him,but God threw his love in the heart of every one that would see him and when they knew about himand the coptic woman came, her heart hanged on him and loved him and she said to his mother: donot be afraid of me but keep him in secret and don't let any one see it save but me, so God said: AndI endued thee with love from Me(Taha:39), and that was the reason for the coptic woman's love.Then God revealed the ark upon the mother of Moses and she was called to put him in the ark andthrow him into the sea, or the Nile, and do not be afraid or sad for We will give him back to you and

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We will make him a prophet, then she knew that the One that called her is the One that revealed theark and it was her Lord, and she believed in what she was commanded to do and put Moses into theark and closed it tightly then she threw him into the Nile, then the tides played with the ark and thewinds drove it to the front of the pharaoh's palace and he had many palaces in front of the Nile, andhe was with his family and some of his close people in that palace which the ark arrived to, so hetook a loot at it while his wife Âsiyyah was with him, but he did not know what was it but he sawonly a dark spot into the Nile carried by the currents and winds, until she brought him into the palaceand the pharaoh ordered to open it and he found a boy then he said: he is an israelite, and hewanted to kill him but when he looked at him God throw his love into his heart, and so Âsiyyah lovedhim so much as well, but inspite of all of that the heart of the pharaoh felt the danger and wanted tokill him, so then his wife Âsiyyah said to him: Kill him not. Peradventure he may be of use to us, or wemay choose him for a son. And they perceived not(Al-Qasas:9).

Some said as it is in Torah in summary: and during the storm that passed over the children of Israel inEgypt and the difficulties they are facing from the pharaohs and the humiliation with adversitiesbecause of the rulers of their time, and there were a hebrew man from the children of Israel called`Imrân (in hebrew it is `Umrâm) ben Fâhit ben Levi ben Jacob (PUH) [This suggests that the namementioned in the beginning of this chapter was Fâhit not Fâhib, and it is equivalent to Kohath]married a woman from his own family and she gave birth to Aaron and Moses, and after she gavebirth to him she hided him from the eyes of those who seek the children of the children of Israel tokill their males, so he stayed with her for three months, and when she got afraid from beingdiscovered, God taught her to make a box-like figure and smear it with pitch and put the child into itand then throw it into the water and so she did and appointed his sister to watch it and follow itstrack, and she kept on guarding him and watching him until she knew that he got into the palace ofthe pharaoh and that his wife loved him so much and kept him to be like her son for her and herhusband the pharaoh. That was a trick from God for Moses and his mother (PUT) and to make himreturn to her because she will be his breastfeeder and take a wage for this while she is safe from theevil of the pharaoh, and then God forbid him to be feeded from the breasts of all other women andthe pharaoh with his wife tried hardly to get a woman that can feed him, but they did not reach anyresult, all of that while his sister were watching him and knew everything going on with them, andthey became buffled about him, and his sister was following him wherever he was taken to, andwhen she saw their condition she offered the pharaoh and his wife to call a hebrew woman to feedhim his enough and be like a mother for him, and the pharaoh paid full attention to her and theysent her and so she came back with her and his mother, and when she wanted to breastfeed him, hecaught her breast in urgently, and so they told her to take care of Moses to breastfeed him under hercare with their great hopes in him. Read with me these holy phrases from the holy book of your Lordfrom the chapter of Al-Qasas, He said: And We inspired the mother of Moses, saying: Suckle him and,when thou fearest for him, then cast him into the river and fear not nor grieve. Lo! We shall bringhim back unto thee and shall make him (one) of Our messengers. And the family of Pharaoh took himup, that he might become for them an enemy and a sorrow, Lo! Pharaoh and Haman and their hostswere ever sinning. And the wife of Pharaoh said: (He will be) a consolation for me and for thee. Killhim not. Peradventure he may be of use to us, or we may choose him for a son. And they perceivednot. And the heart of the mother of Moses became void, and she would have betrayed him if We hadnot fortified her heart, that she might be of the believers. And she said unto his sister: Trace him. Soshe observed him from afar, and they perceived not. And We had before forbidden foster-mothers

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for him, so she said: Shall I show you a household who will rear him for you and take care of him? SoWe restored him to his mother that she might be comforted and not grieve, and that she might knowthat the promise of Allah is true. But most of them know not(Al-Qasas:7-13), and in the chapter ofTaHa some phrases with the same meaning. It is apparent that it was necessary for the pharaoh andhis wife Âsiyyah or some of their followers and close people to notice Moses and ask for him to lookat, so his mother used to bring him or send him to them and they used to check his education andhis growing, not less than a bird they caught or a deer or a slave that they bought for it wassomething new and got into their seizing and they gave it to someone else to take care of it and theirhearts were hanged with him so for all of that they had to check after him and check his conditionand there is no doubt that they used to send him the gifts and also to the one that used to care ofhim, and it is in fact his mother, and then she must had took him back to the house of the pharaohafter completing the breastfeeding and then they took care of him personally as they usually do withtheir children and teach him whatever they used to teach their children of their religion andworshipping and teach them the sense of their place among people and make them special andhonorable and make them responsible gradually, the easiest then the easier or the most importantthen the more important and so on.

Then it was a habit for the kings at that time or at any time that the children of the nobles was to begiven to a special educator which might be a religion man or priests and similar people to teach themand educate them with a special education, so the children of the nobles were educated in thatmanner by those people or as traditions suggest at that time, for this we do not doubt about Mosesbeing taught things that were added to whatever God taught him in his old age of wisdom andreligion where God says: And when he reached his full strength and was ripe, We gave him wisdomand knowledge. Thus do We reward the good(Al-Qasas:14), and what we've appointed of their carefor him is apparent from God's saying about this matter, and it is apparent from the meaning of theirspeech, so He said: (Pharaoh) said (unto Moses): Did we not rear thee among us as a child? And thoudidst dwell many years of thy life among us(Al-Shu`arâ':18). Yes, he did make live among them andtook him a child for himself for he did not have any child, and he was annoyed because Moses didnot accept anyone to feed him until his mother came and feeded him, and the pharaoh did not feelthat she was his mother or one of his family, and when he drank of her milk they all turned to be gladfor this and gifted her with many gifts, and so the pharaoh used to kill the children of Israel andMoses was living in his palace in luxury and he did not know that his end would be by his hands. It ismentioned that when Moses grew up and got the ability to distinguish between things while he waswith the pharaoh, once he sneezed and said: thanks be to God (bless), and it was with the presenceof the pharaoh, so he denied that from him and slapped him and said to him: what are you saying?So when he did that Moses jumped over him and catched his beard and it was long, so he caught itand pulled it away, so then the pharaoh got so angry and wanted to kill him, and then his wifeÂsiyyah said: he is only a kid that do not know what he is doing or saying, then the pharaoh said toher: he knows and must be killed, she said then: test him and put for him some live coal and dates,so if he distinguished between them then it is as you said and do whatever you like with him, so thenthe pharaoh did as suggested and said to him: eat! Then he expanded his hand to the dates, butGabriel then came down and directed his hand to the live coal, so he took it and put it in his mouthand his tongue got burnt and he started to cry, so then Âsiyyah said to him: did not I tell you he doesnot understand a thing? Then the pharaoh forgave him Then Moses grew up as a man in the house ofthe pharaoh, and he was intellegent and strong with wisdom, goodly mannered, active and brave, he

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was strange in his opinions, amazing in his ways, and awesome in dealing with people, and Al-Tabarimentioned: when Moses grew up and been strong, he kept the Egyptians away from the Israelites,and it is natural that the Israelites considered him as a victory for them and one that can help themin their living, but after all he did not forget that he was an Israelite and an intruder to the house ofthe pharaoh, and his identity might be discovered at any time, and as Al-Baydhâwi mentioned, hesaid that Moses stayed in the house of the pharaoh for thirty years, and then he escaped to Midianfrom the pharaoh. They say that one day Moses went out from the house of the pharaoh into thecity while the people of the city did not notice that, so then he found an Egyptian man holding aHebrew man to make him work for him as a slave while the Hebrew man were denying that, so thenwhen the Hebrew man saw Moses he shouted for help so that Moses came with his wrath to theEgyptian man and poked him mightly which caused him death and no one knew about it except ofthat Hebrew man that Moses saved, and Moses regretted and was so afraid of that and said tohimself: this is a deed of the devil for he is an enemy, and then he praised God to forgive him andnever make him an ally to the criminals, and this deed was the first thing he would ever be afraid of.

Al-Tabari mentioned a long story attributed to Ibn-`Abbâs about the birth of Moses until he went outto Midian, and he mentioned: when Egyptians found the dead body of the man that Moses killedand they did not know who killed him they said to the pharaoh: the Israelites killed a man thatbelongs to the pharaoh so take revenge of them and do not allow them to do so again, he said tothem: bring me his killer and a witness for it is not a right thing to judge without a clue, so then theEgyptians began to search for the killer even though in small number of suspects to give him to thepharaoh to take a revenge of him, and while they were wandering in the city to spy and investigate,Moses passed on and found that Hebrew man that caused him to kill the Egyptian was fighting withanother Egyptian, and the Hebrew man shouted for help again against that Egyptian man whichconsidered to be their shared enemy, so Moses said to him: thou art indeed a mere hothead(Al-Qasas:18), and here he meant the Hebrew man because he made embarrassment for Moses whichbecame scared to be spied on because of that Hebrew man, and when Moses went to help theHebrew man and kill the Egyptian, the Egyptian said to him: O Moses! Wouldst thou kill me as thoudidst kill a person yesterday. Thou wouldst be nothing but a tyrant in the land, thou wouldst not beof the reformers(Al-Qasas:19).

Going Out of Egypt to Midian

When Moses turned to be a suspect in the matter of killing the Egyptian and the pharaoh wasinformed about it, he (the pharaoh) sent a group of me that he prepared for such matter, but thefaithful man of the household of the pharaoh was faster than them and told Moses that they wanthim and advised him to rescue himself and leave the lands of Egypt to be in safe, and Moses checkedthat and found it was true, so then he went out of Egypt while he was afraid and watching, and hesaid: My Lord! Deliver me from the wrongdoing folk(Al-Qasas:21), so he went to Midian after that heknew that the people want to slay him, so God said in the chapter of Al-Qasas: And he entered thecity at a time of carelessness of its folk, and he found therein two men fighting, one of his own caste,and the other of his enemies; and he who was of his caste asked him for help against him who was ofhis enemies. So Moses struck him with his fist and killed him..etc(Al-Qasas:15), the holy phrasescontain what we've mentioned before, so check them. In some speeches it is mentioned that Mosesstayed in the house of the pharaoh in luxury until he turned to a man, so then he went out of hishouse and went to a city and found there two men fighting, some of them speak as Moses do and

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the other as the pharaoh does, so then Moses came and poked their enemy and killed him, then hehided in the city and disappeared, and on the next day another man came and took hold of the manthat speaks as Moses does and he asked Moses to help him, and then the Egyptian man took a lookat Moses and said to him "Wouldst thou kill me as thou didst kill a person yesterday," so he (Moses)just released him and escaped, and then the treasurer of the pharaoh was a faithful man whobelieved in Moses and he kept his faith in secret for six hundred years, and he is the one that Godsaid about: And a believing man of Pharaoh's family, who hid his faith..etc(Ghâfir:28). As attributedto the prince of believers (PUH) that he reported to the prophet (PUH) that he said: when Joseph wasabout to die he gathered his followers and his household, then he praised God and then he spoke tothem about some adversities that will happen to them which will cause men to be killed and theabdomens of pregnant women to be ripped open and children to be killed until truth is to be shownlater by a descendant of Levi ben Jacob, and he is a tan long man and he told them his name andthey kept it with them, and then the age of disappearance began and the adversities took over theIsraelites and they kept on waiting for the man for four hundred years, and then they asked for thescholar that they used to take refuge in his speeches and feel comfortable with him but he hid for thegreat adversities and wrong-doing and they did write to him and said to him: at the time ofadversities we used to feel comfortable to your speeches, so he came to them and took them out tosome deserts and sat there talking to them about the man that will appear and save them and tellingthem about his name and his characters and telling them that his time is near and it was a night offull moon, and while they were sitting like that, Moses went out for them and at that time he wasonly a kid and went out from the house of the pharaoh as for picnic but in reality he was meaning togo to them and he walked on the side of the march, then he left the march and went to them on hismule and wearing a green robe, so when the scholar saw him he knew him by his name and hischaracters so he went to him and prostrated over his feet kissing them, and then he said: thank be toGod to see you before I die, and when the followers saw that they knew that he is the man so theyfell on the ground prostrating to thank God, and then he (Moses) did not say anything more than:hope that God will relief you soon, and then he disappeared, and then later on he went to Midianwhere Jethro was and he lived there for some time and so the second disappearance of him madegreater adversities than the first, and it lasted for something around fifty years, and the adversitiesbecame even harder and his representative man, the scholar, also disappeared for he was also afraidof being killed, but then they sent a message to him saying that they have no patience for hisdisappearance, so he went out to some deserts and called them, so when they came he talked tothem and calmed them down and told them that God had inspired to him that He will relief themafter forty years, so they all said: thanks be to God for He gives every gift, everything good is fromHim and only He can cast away evil, and then God started their relief and while they were waiting,Moses appeared to them riding his ass and he stood before them and greeted them, and the scholarcame to him and said to him: what is your name? He said: Moses ben Amram ben Waheeb ben Leviben Jacob, so then the scholar said: with what did you come? He answered: with the message fromGod, so he (the scholar) went to him and kissed his hand and then Moses sat among them andcalmed them down and commanded them with his command and forbade them and advised forthem and guided them, then he commanded them to get separated and wait for the relief by thedestruction of their enemy, so the time period between this meeting and the relief by the death ofthe pharaoh was forty years.

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It is attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said that when the pharaoh knew that his kingdom would bedestroyed by the hands of Moses and he is one of the Israelites, he worked on seeking him so heordered his authorities to rip open the abdomens of the pregnant women of the Israelites until hekilled something around twenty thousand babies, but he could not kill Moses because God had savedhim. As attributed to Ibn-`Abbâs that he said that the Israelites when they got large in numbers inEgypt they turned to be aggressive and their good went along with their bad people so God got theEgyptians to torture them, so it is said that to get Moses, seventy thousand child was killed, andwhen the mother of Moses was to give birth of him and the midwife was someone that she trusted,and when the pain began she called her and she came, and when Moses fell down (from the womb)she was amazed by the light that were between his eyes and his love got into her. And as reportedfrom Al-Þa`labi in his book `Arâ'is Al-Majâlis, he mentioned a long story that he mentioned in it:when Al-Rayyân ben Al-Waleed died and he was the king of the Egypt at the time of Joseph (PUH)and he was the one to let Joseph hold the granaries and storage houses and believed in God, sowhen he died, Qâbus ben Mos`ab became the second king at the time of Joseph, so then Josephcalled him to believe in God but he refused and became a tyrant, and God took over the soul ofJoseph at his time, and his age became longer and his kingdom expanded, then after him, hisbrother, Abul-`Abbâs Al-Waleed ben Mos`ab ben Al-Rayyân, became the king and he was even moretyrant than his brother Qâbus.

Then the Israelites after the time of Joseph (PUH) got multiplied and spread all over Egypt and theywere under the hands of the giants, and they did not change their religion and whatever theirfathers, Jacob, Isaac and Abraham, used to believe in even at the time of the pharaoh of Moses, andhe was one of the most tyrant of the pharaohs and he had the longest of age and he was also theworst in his treatment for the Israelites, and he used to torture them and enslave them, and hedivided them into types, one type of them is to build, and another is to work with agriculture andanother type is to take care of dirty jobs, and he got married with a woman from them called Âsiyyahbent Muzâhim [bent = daughter of] and she was the best of women and she believed in God by thehelp of Moses, and none believed in God in Egypt save but three people. So the pharaoh lived andthey were under his control for four hundred years, and when God desired to relief them He sentMoses (PUH), that is because the pharaoh saw in his dreams that a fire came from Jerusalem and itgot into the houses of the Egyptians and burnt them all but it did not reach the Israelites, so thepharaoh called the magicians and astrologers and asked them about his dream so they said to himthat there will be a child that will be born among the Israelites and he will get you with your peopleof your lands and change things and the time of his birth will be in your time, so then the pharaohordered to kill every child born among the Israelites, and we've mentioned that before. And from thespeech of Al-Þa`labi he mentioned that the pharaoh used to kill the children that were born alreadyamong the Israelites and those who were born later on, and he used to torture the pregnant womento miscarriage the babies, and death also went so fast among the elders of the Israelites, so fearspread all over everyone and the people of Egypt got scared that such thing will be applied to themsoon, so the tribes masters of the coptic people went to the pharaoh and said to him: death is overtaking the Israelites and you are killing their children and their elders are dying and it is almostreaching us as well, so then the pharaoh ordered that their children shall be killed for one year andleave them the next year, so Aaron was born in the year that no children shall be killed, and Moseswere born in the year after when children should be killed. So, Aaron was born obviously but for

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Moses he was kept in secret, and it was as we mentioned before, and God is the One that cares ofeverything and He knows everything.

Moses Going Out From Egypt to Midian With Fear

Moses went out in a hurry from Egypt and he did not get ready for travelling but only depending onGod to guide him to the right way, and he was with no companions or with a caravan in that long andhard travel, because he was one that seeking safety for himself by himself and afraid of an enemythat wants to kill him and has no other target except to have his blood and he is the tyrant of thisearth and he made all of the people as soldiers for himself and as slaves, and so he (Moses) can notprepare for travelling and he had no one to ally with him and no one to take his advice. As attributedto Al-Tabari that he said that Moses had nothing to eat except of the leaves of the trees and he wentout of Egypt with barefoot, and when he reached Midian his bottom feet skin fell down because thelong walk affected his feet bitterly. As mentioned by Ibn-`Abbâs: he (Moses) reached the waters ofMidian, and the green color of the vegetables would appear obviously from behind his abdomen forhis thin-looking body, and when he reached the water of Midian he saw groups of people seekingwater for their cattles and saw two women keeping their sheeps away from the water waiting thepowerful shepherds to finish watering their sheeps and when they finish they then come to seek thewater that is left for they had no man or the power to compete with others, and they were weak sothey have to be late until no one is there, and the people that got the power would seek first thewaters of the wells because it is cleaner and purer, and the water that lasts at the end would bemixed with mud from the bottom of the well, as one poet said:

We drink in our attendance clean water

And other than us would drink sadness with mud

Some historians said: Moses (PUH) was a serious man and a truthful one too, and when he saw sucha thing he did not like to see women staying at the end until men finish, so he asked the two womenabout their need and why they keep their sheeps away, so they said to him: we do not approachwater until all of these men leave, for if we tried to reach water and compete with them they wouldkeep us away by their power and we have no one to protect us, and we wait here because our fatheris an old man and can not take care of everything. So then Moses protected them and banished all ofthe shepherds and reached the well and watered their sheeps and no one could keep him awaybecause they respected the powerful always and they saw his strength and dealt with him in respectin return. And some interpreters said: Moses found a large rock and water cannot be reached exceptby removing it by many powerful people, so he took it off from the well and watered for the twowomen, but the holy phrases in quran say it apprently that there were lot of people over the well sothere were no need to remove the cover of the well if it had any, for the presence of the peoplealready watering their sheeps is not done unless the well was already uncovered. Then the daughtersof Jethro went back to their father with their sheeps and when he saw them he was amazed for theirearly coming, but when he knew their story with Moses he accepted that and sent one of them tocall Moses, and she went to him in a place near by the well and said to him with embarrassment: myfather is calling for you to reward you for your deed with us, and then, because Moses was so tiredand hungry which made him so weak, said: My Lord! I am needy of whatever good Thou sendestdown for me. It is mentioned that he did not ask for anything more than bread to eat it with thevegetables of the ground. He saw that the relief is close and God answered his prays and the relief is

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coming from the side of that woman and her father. Some interpreters like Ibn-`Abbâs and otherssaid that he requested food, and some said that he made one of the two women hear him saying:My Lord! I am needy of whatever good Thou sendest down for me, as to show them that he needssome help for he had no money nor something to eat, so his pray was like a pray that was answeredimmediately, or it might be just that the beautiful deed bears the fruit so fast and God increases therewards for His faithful worshippers. Just by calling him to her father he went with her in a hurry andsaying to her: be behind me, for I am someone from a family that did not use to look at the backs ofwoman, so guide me while I am behind you.

Some interpreters said: he said that to her and made her behind him because in the first time hewalked behind her and the wind then stroke her dress and showed some of her skin and so he askedher to be behind him and asked her for guidance while he is in the front, and othes said: Moses wasa man that lived in luxury in the house of the pharaoh, and then he had troubles which made him sohungry that he would accept any wage for deeds of bravery, and hunger can make lions accept thedead corpses, and then he said: I think if he was in a luxury, he would not accept to take wages forhis deeds, then he went to that old man and he welcomed him with hospitality and signs ofhappiness, then he asked him about what happened to him and what is his story after banishinghunger away from him and calming him down, and then Moses told him his story and told himeverything about himself and about the deeds of the pharaoh with the Israelites as for killing thechildren and captivating the women and making the Israelites as slaves, and he told him how heescaped from them in amazement and by the hardest ways, and he told him also about all the hardtimes that his mother faced to give birth to him up to his story with the coptic man that he killedwithout meaning so, and how then they asked for him to take revenge and then he escaped fromthem to the waters of Midian, all of these were stories in a sequence and destined in theknowledgement of He who knows the destiny for a purpose He knows the better, so when he(Jethro) heard all of that he calmed him down and said: Fear not! Thou hast escaped from thewrongdoing folk, and so God said in the chapter of Al-Qasas: And when he turned his face towardMidian, he said: Peradventure my Lord will guide me in the right road. And when he came unto thewater of Midian he found there a whole tribe of men, watering. And he found apart from them twowomen keeping back (their flocks). He said: What aileth you? The two said: We cannot give (ourflocks) to drink till the shepherds return from the water; and our father is a very old man. So hewatered (their flock) for them. Then he turned aside into the shade, and said: My Lord! I am needy ofwhatever good Thou sendest down for me. Then there came unto him one of the two women,walking shyly. She said: Lo! my father biddeth thee, that he may reward thee with a payment for thatthou didst water (the flock) for us. Then, when he came unto him and told him the (whole) story, hesaid: Fear not! Thou hast escaped from the wrongdoing folk(Al-Qasas:22-25).

They say that he passed over that distance from Egypt to Midian in three days and when he reachedMidian he saw a well that used to water the sheeps, so he sat down on the side and he did not eatanything for three days, so then he looked at two maids keeping away with their sheeps so he said tothem: why don't you water your sheeps? They answered: we wait for others to finish and our fatheris an old man, so mercy took over Moses and got closer to the well and said to the one over the well:give me one bucket of water and then one for you as well, and one bucket was carried only by tenpeople at least, so he had one bucket only by himself for the daughters of Jethro and watered theirsheeps, and then went to the shade and said: My Lord! I am needy of whatever good Thou sendestdown for me. It is mentioned that the Imam (`Ali ben Abi-Tâlib PUH) swore by God that he (Moses)

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did not ask for anything more than a bread to eat with the vegetables and they saw the green colorof the vegetables inside his abdomen because of his thin-looking body. Some said that the distancethat he passed over took him eight nights and he had nothing for food but only the leaves of thetrees, as mentioned before. When the daughters of Jethro came back he said to them: you are earlythis time! Then they told him the story of Moses and they did not know him yet, so then Jethro saidto one of them: go to him and call him to pay him for what he did for us, and then she went to himapproaching shyly and said to him then: my father is calling for you to pay you what you did for us, sohe went with her and then the wind stroke her dress and some of her skin appeared, so then Mosessaid to her: be behind me and guide me to the path for I am from a family that did not use to look atthe backs of women, so when he went to Jethro he told him his story and Jethro said to him then:Fear not! Thou hast escaped from the wrongdoing folk..etc, it is mentioned that when the daughterof Jethro came to Moses and said to him: my father calls for you to pay for you what you did for us,Moses then hated to follow her, but he did not find any other way around for he was in a land thathe does not know, and when he got into the house of Jethro he found the dinner was ready, so thenJethro said: sit O young man and have dinner, so then Moses said: God forbid! Jethro said then: andwhy is that, aren't you hungry? He said: yes, but I am afraid that this is as for the service I did to youand I am from a household that do not sell the reward of the after-life with all the gold on earth,then Jethro said: no and I swear by God, but it is my habit and my fathers' as well to do hospitality forthe guests and every passer by.

The Marriage of Jethro's Daughter and Moses

What is agreeable among the nations and also the muslim scholars is that Moses married thedaughter of Jethro even though that quran did not mention that clearly, but it was mentioned by thespeech of the old man, but it assured by the way of the Household of Muhammad (PUH) that themarriage did take place between Moses and the daughter of Jethro, and he did take care of thecattles of Jethro and stayed in Midian all of that while he was in the house of Jethro, and it might bethe first thing he ever did when he went out of Egypt to Midian and he went to Jethro by inspirationand it is something written in the knowledgement of God, the Exalted, since the world of atom as itis true for the rest of things that exist upto the doomsday. His marriage took place with one ofJethro's daughters, and her name as mentioned was Sofayrâ'(Zipporah), so his relation was not with"Yeþrun" the nephew of Shu`ayb (Jethro here) as mentioned by some people and that the twowomen are his daughters [Jethro, or Yethro is a close name to Jethro and might even be the same,but since Torah mention this name as to be the father-in-law of Moses and in Islam Shu`ayb is thefather-in-law of Moses, I will keep calling him Jethro, but you have to take the responsiblity ofunderstanding that there are differences between the Arabic name and the Hebrew one andbetween Quran and Torah!], and not with Yiþri who was the leader of Midian, and not with a faithfulman of Shu`ayb's [will be called Jethro here later on, but notice they are probably not the sameperson] followers and he is the father of the two women, and there is no other clue that makes usneglect the daughter of Jethro (Shu`ayb), and our scholars mentioned that and even considered itsomething natural and had not been discussed, for they understand the case here completely andthe truth is what they said and that the marriage took place between Moses and one of Shu`ayb'sdaughter. For this we say that when Moses reached the house of Jethro and he talked to him andcalmed him down. Then one of his daughters said: O father, hire him to take care of our sheeps forhe is strong and trustworthy, and it is probable that her father asked her about his strength and hisfaith and how did she knew about them, she said: his strength I knew when I saw him in his trial to

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water for us and I saw no man stronger than him while watering, or his faith, I knew that when yousent me as a messanger to bring him to you, for when he knew I am a woman he kept his eyes intothe ground and did not look at me until I said your message to him and then he said to me: walkbehind me and guide me to the way, and so no one would do this unless a faithful man, thus thenthe old man asked Moses to serve him by taking care of his cattles for eight years with some wage,and he decided then to let him marriage one of his daughters for some dowry, and then he said itfrankly to him saying: I want to let you marry one of my daughters, and Moses accepted and marriedhis daughter Sofayrâ' (Zipporah) with a certain dowry and with her agreement without a doubt andhe asked him to take care of the flocks for eight years with a certain wage, and if he completed themto ten years then it is for his own sake and he is not obliged to do so, and thus this condition waswritten in the marriage agreement between the two, and Moses had nothing to do other than toaccept and he had the choice to do so for the period of time that he desires and since that timeMoses had been the son-in-law of Jethro and his cattles shepherd.

It is mentioned that the name of Moses' wife was Sofayrâ' and it is the most famous one, and somesaid her name is Saffurah [Saffurah is exactly what you would read in Hebrew in Torah, keeping theoriginal old Hebraic pronunciation in mind], and Quran did not mention that, and God said: One ofthe two women said: O my father! Hire him! For the best (man) that thou canst hire in the strong,the trustworthy. He said: Lo! I fain would marry thee to one of these two daughters of mine oncondition that thou hirest thyself to me for (the term of) eight pilgrimages. Then if thou completestten it will be of thine own accord, for I would not make it hard for thee. Allah willing, thou wilt findme of the righteous. He said: That (is settled) between thee and me. Whichever of the two terms Ifulfil, there will be no injustice to me, and Allah is Surety over what we say(Al-Qasas:26-28). They saythat Moses did complete the mission for ten years. It is mentioned by the prophet (PUH), that Moses(PUH) when wanted to depart and leave Jethro (PUH) he asked his wife to ask her father to give hersome of his sheeps to live by, so he gave her what his sheeps gave birth to and had a different colorfrom his own sheeps, he said: no one sheep passed over unless Moses did strike it with his stick andshe gave birth to many colors (spotted sheeps as Jethro said) and it gave birth to two or three forevery sheep, and none of them had any weakness nor any sickness nor their breasts were small ormissing some of its parts, and it is mentioned that the prophet (PUH) said to his followers: when youopen up the lands of Shem you will find some of the rest of these sheeps still and they are theSamarian. In a tale, when Moses (PUH) finished the appointed period of time, he said to Jethro: Imust go back to my lands and my mother my household, so what I have owned from you? Then saidJethro: whatever sheep that is born and has a piebald color then it is for you - until the narrator thensaid - and the sheeps at that time did not give birth unless for piebald sheeps, so when a yearpassed, Moses took his wife and whatever he had from Jethro and drove his cattles, and when hewanted to go out he said to Jethro: give me a stick to be with me, and at that time Jethro had all thesticks for all the prophets and collected them in a special place, so then Jethro said to him: go to thisstore and take a stick from the sticks there, and when he went inside one stick that belonged to Noahand Abraham jumped over him and went into his hand so he took it out, and when Jethro saw himgoing out with it he said to him: go inside again and take another, and so he did but it jumped againinto his hand and so it did many times. When Jethro saw that he said to him: go with it, for Godmade it for you. He then went out to Egypt, and when he went far away and at night time theweather got so cold and dark, so then Moses looked at a fire from a far, so he approached it and sawthat it was a tree with a fire on it, so when he went to the fire to take some of it it fell down and he

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got scared and ran away and the fire got back to the tree, he looked back at it then after and saw itwent back it to where it was so he got back to take some of it but it fell back again so he ran awayand got back and looked back and saw it went back to the tree, so then he went back to it for thethird time and it fell back on him and he ran away and did not get back to it again then he heard thecalls of God: O Moses! Lo! I, even I, am Allah, the Lord of the Worlds(Al-Qasas:30), then said Moses:what is your clue? Then the Lord said to him: what is that in your right O Moses? He said: my stick,He said then: throw it, so he did and it turned to a snake and Moses got scared of it and ran away, soGod called him and said: take it back and do not be afraid you are in safe, and put your hand in yourpocket and it will turn white with no misshaping, while Moses was a tan man, and when he did thatthe whole world around him lightened up, so God said to him then: these are two clues from yourLord to the pharaoh, then said Moses: My Lord! Lo! I killed a man among them and I fear that theywill kill me. My brother Aaron is more eloquent than me in speech. Therefor send him with me as ahelper to confirm me. Lo! I fear that they will give the lie to me(Al-Qasas:33-34), God said then: Wewill strengthen thine arm with thy brother, and We will give unto you both power so that they cannotreach you for Our portents. Ye twain, and those who follow you, will be the winners(Al-Qasas:35).They say when Moses talked to God and He sent him to Egypt, he went without a weapon or foodand he had his enough only by hunting and by the herbs of the ground. When he approached Egypt,God inspired to his brother Aaron telling him that Moses is approaching and telling him that Hemade him the assistor of Moses and a messanger with him to the pharaoh, and ordered him to go onSaturday and it was the first day of Ðul-Hijjah [12th month in Islamic lunar calendar and month ofpilgrimage] in disguise to the bank of the Nile to meet Moses, and so he did and they met on thebank of the Nile before the sunrise and then all went into Egypt to their house and there was theirmother and the rest of their family and all were so glad to see him again.

It is attributed to the prophet (PUH) that he said in a speech: Moses was bounded to Jethro and hestayed with him for the period that they agreed on, so when the maximum period of time passedand then he went away from Midian with his family to Egypt with his sheeps and cattles and his wifewas in her last month of pregnancy, so he went in the deserts of the lands of Shem avoiding the citiesand towns because of the kings in them, so he went along without guidance until he reached theright western slope of the Mount in a cold night of winter and it was so dark and the sky began tosend its lightning and rains, and his wife had the pains of birth, then Moses tried to get some fire buthe could not, so he got buffled and wandered around and meditated through the near and far, and inthat situation he saw from the side of the mount a fire, as he thought, so he said to his family: Wait! Isee a fire afar off. Peradventure I may bring you a brand therefrom or may find guidance at the fire,meaning someone to guide me to the right way, for he lost his way, and when he approached it hesaw a great light from the heaven to a great tree, and they differed in the type of that tree, some saidit was buckthorn and some said it was blueberry, so when Moses saw that great light he got buffledand afraid for he saw a great fire without smoke and burning from the core of a green tree, and themore the fire increases the more greenish the tree gets, so when he got closer to it he got scared andgot back, but then he remembered his need for the fire so he got closer again and it got closer to himand then he was called from the side of the mountain, from the blessed spot from the tree: O Moses,he looked and did not find anyone, then he was called: I, even I, am Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, sowhen he heard that he knew that He is his Lord so he got closer, and when he got closer and heardthe call and saw that greatness his heart beats went faster and also his tongue and he was alive aswell as dead, so God then sent to him an angel to strengthen him, so when he got his power back he

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was called again: take off thy shoes, for lo! thou art in the holy valley of Tuwa, then God said to himto calm him down more: And what is that in thy right hand, O Moses? He said: This is my staffwhereon I lean, and wherewith I bear down branches for my sheep, and wherein I find otheruses..etc(Taha:17-18). They say that when he asked for permission from Jethro to go back to Egyptand then going to the valley of Tuwa, he had a son in one night of winter that was so cold and harsh,and it was a night of Friday [in lunar calendar, the new day begins with night and not day, so Friday'snight would mean the night of Thursday and the beginning of Friday], and he lost his way and hiscattles spreaded all over, and while he was in that condition he saw a fire from the side of themountain so he said to his family: stay here for I saw a fire..etc, and his purpose for getting the firewas to help him against coldness or to find guidance by it to Egypt, and when he approached theysay that he saw a white fire inside a green tree..etc, and this meaning had been mentioned in a lot ofversions of this story.

Moses' Stick and Its Deeds

As attributed to Al-Bâqir (PUH) that he said: Moses' stick was for Adam before and then it was ownedby Jethro and then it was owned by Moses, and it is with us (the Household of Muhammad PUT) andit is a green one just as it was at the moment of cutting, and it can speak if you want it to, it wasmade for the last Imam of us to do with it as Moses used to do, and it does what is ordered to do,and it can swallow the lying shows, and its jaws would reach between the ground and the roof withinforty cubits, and swallow the lying shows with its tongue and it is was made of the buckthorn ofparadise, and there is not opposing for the previous opinions that it was owned by Noah andAbraham while here it is mentioned to be owned by Adam, for it is the same, and he (Adam) is theone that brought it from paradise or the one that was revealed upon him, and it was transformed tothe hands of purified people by the commandments of God, until it reaches the last owner of it mayour souls be a ransom for him, so from Adam to Noah then to Abraham and to Jethro and then toMoses and to our prophet may peace be upon him and upon his Household. They said that the stickof Moses had other amazing and weird uses and benefits that no one can imagine or evenunderstand or believe, for it can be for one time a light, and in other times it can be fiercy lion, and inanother time it can be as a tree with fruit whenever its owner wanted to, and it can be as a bucket toget water with, and when it is stroke against a river or a sea it can make a dry passage through it, andif it was used to strike a mountain it can make it break apart and it kills snakes and lions as well, andat times of hunger the ground can be stroke with it to show foods, and some times it can bse used todrink honey and milk, and it was his (Moses') guide in his way when he was lost, and it was hisphysician and medicine, and if there was in his way any thieves or snakes or hole it would had guidedhim to a way that has no dangers in it and it could speak to him with things he might need and so onof such stuff that if one of the people in our time would hear he would say: such stuff makes sadmothers laugh and they are just legends and silly stuff, but for me I do not wonder of such things oreven greater than such things when it is attributed to such people like prophets. There is no doubtthat with it the rock was stroke and twelve springs arose from it, and it was used to strike the sea andmade a way through it and there the pharaoh was doomed with his people and Moses was savedwith his people, and it is the great snake for the pharaoh and his folks, and it is ..it is.. it is as it ismentioned in the Quran and in other holy books that came before Quran. We've mentioned beforethat it is (the stick) above the level of their sayings that it is only a legend or just some exaggerations,because of its deeds with the tricks of the magician of the pharaoh and what they made, this makesus do not disbelieve in its abilities as we mentioned before and God is able to do whatever He wants.

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They say that when Jethro gave his daughter to Moses for marriage and gave him his sheeps to takecare of he said to him: go with these sheeps and when you reach a fork in the road in that locationthen take your left and not your right even if there were abundant grass because there are a greatdragon and I am afraid for you and the sheeps, so then when he reached that place, the sheepsstarted to take the right side of the road and he tried hardly to make them take the left but he couldnot, and he got tired and sleepy so he slept while the sheeps were grazing, so then suddenly thedragon arrived and the stick of Moses stood up and fought against it and killed it then got back to itsplace beside Moses with some blood on it, so when Moses woke up he saw that the stick wascovered with blood and the dragon was dead, so then he knew that this stick had abilities from God.Such deeds in such situations is done by itself without commandment. If Moses would throw it anddesired a command as he did with the pharaoh in his palace or by a commandment of God then itwould be as it is desired, so in the palace of the pharaoh it turned to be a large snake as greater thandragons and with black color and running on four legs with twelve fangs and breathing fire thatwould burn everything in its way, as it is mentioned in interpretations and some of it was repeated,and it might be as large as a serpent and as light as a djinn and flexible as a snake, and quran hadappointed out similar things, so God said in one location: lo! it was a serpent manifest(Al-A`râf:107),and in another location He said: as it had been a demon(Al-Qasas:31) [demon = djinn], and in thirdlocation: and lo! it was a serpent, gliding(TaHa:20) [in Arabic, this holy phrase in Quran is more likeSnake, and not Serpent, but Pickthall version preferred this expression].

It is mentioned that its length was as the length of Moses, ten cubits, and it is mentioned that whenGod spoke to him by saying: And what is that in thy right hand, O Moses? He said: This is my staffwhereon I lean, and wherewith I bear down branches for my sheep, and wherein I find otheruses(TaHa:17-18), so he said it in general for its many purposes and benefits, and maybe he had inmind such purposes as fighting an enemy or killing a snake or correcting the sinner and so on andmaybe he did not look at more than such things of its purposes apparently for it was something thatonly God knows, and for this God told him about some of its secret and said to him: He said: Cast itdown, O Moses! So he cast it down, and lo! it was a serpent, gliding(TaHa:19-20), and it is probablethat its two branches turned to be its jaws and its hook head turned to be a comb on its back and itwas shaking with fangs, so when he saw something weird and strange like this he ran away and didnot look back so then his Lord called him: Grasp it and fear not. We shall return it to its formerstate(TaHa:21), meaning to a stick again, so when he approached closer to it He said to him: grasp itand fear not, so he got his hand into her mouth although he was afraid, and when he did so it turnedback into a stick in his hand, then He said to him: And put thy hand into the bosom of thy robe, it willcome forth white but unhurt(Al-Naml:12), and so he did and put his hand into his pocket (bosom ofhis robe) and it turned to be whitish and glancing with a light that was so bright, and when he got itback again into his robe it got back again to its former state, then He said to him: Then these shall betwo proofs from your Lord unto Pharaoh and his chiefs. Lo! they are evil-living folk(Al-Qasas:32), hesaid then: My Lord! Lo! I killed a man among them and I fear that they will kill me. My brother Aaronis more eloquent than me in speech. Therefor send him with me as a helper to confirm me(Al-Qasas:33-34), so then He said to him: We will strengthen thine arm with thy brother, and We willgive unto you both power so that they cannot reach you for Our portents. Ye twain, and those whofollow you, will be the winners(Al-Qasas:35).

Aaron as A Henchman as Moses Requested

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Thr request of Moses to make his brother Aaron as a henchman for him because he was moreeloquent in speech than him is something weird since before and then after, and it might be as a jokeand a mysterious secret. They said many things about it, and it is weird because God is the One thatsent him (as a prophet) and everything is under His control, so as He sent him as a prophet andtaught him and made him able and made his stick do many amazing deeds, He, the Exalted, was ablealso to make him the most eloquent of all the creations, and as He wants and wishes, and if Hewanted Moses to be the most eloquent in every tongue and language He would make him, as Hegave him the miracles in lot of situations, for He does what He wants and does not do what He wantsas well and He shall not be asked about His deeds but only them would be asked. God has a wisdomin everything He does that a servant may catch some of it or may catch nothing of it, some gavereasons for such a request from Moses to God, to make Aaron as his henchman and a messanger tothe pharaoh, which is something considered as we appointed before, and that is because Moses hadan accent in his language and that because when he was a child at the house of the pharaoh, he (thepharaoh) put him on his lap and he (Moses) cought his beard and the pharaoh got frustrated andwanted to kill him but his wife Âsiyyah bent Mozâhim made an excuse for this and said: he has nomind and not able to think, and suggested to test him by putting dates and live coals in front of him,and when they did so, he (Moses) took a live coal abd put it into his mouth and so it had an effect onhis tongue, and for this Moses grew up with some difficulties in his speech, but some other said thatwhen his mother put him in the ark and threw him into the waters and then been picked up by thehousehold of the pharaoh, God forbade the midwives for him and he stayed for three days withoutbreastfeeding until his mother came, so they made this as a reason for his speech problem.

They say also that Moses went out of Egypt a long time ago and he stayed in Midian for a long timeso he forgot the Egyptian language which is the language of the coptic people and because there areno one that could speak to him with this language, but as for Aaron he was living among theEgyptians and so he had more knowledge in their language, and so on of such useless stories theysaid about this matter that must not be discussed or even looked at but only to know what had beensaid. Yes, Aaron being more eloquent in speech than Moses is something that quran mentioned asattributed to Moses, so God said: My brother Aaron is more eloquent than me in speech. Thereforsend him with me as a helper to confirm me(Al-Qasas:34), and also quran pointed out that there wasa problem with the speech of Moses for God's saying: And loose a knot from my tongue, That theymay understand my saying(TaHa:27-28), and the pharaoh mocked at him because of his problem inspeech by saying: I am surely better than this fellow, who is despicable and can hardly make (hismeaning) plain!(Al-Zokhrof:52), and yes it might be that they barely understood him and they did notunderstand his language clearly as they do understand each other, for any reason, and we shall say:at any time or place did kings follow the truthful men? Needless to say those who called themselvesas gods and everyone else are servants for them just as the pharaoh, and at any time did theIsraelites feel safe with him while he was killing their children and captivate their women and see nodignity for any elder or chief? But as for Aaron he was, for the pharaoh, an innocent man that had nosins or crimes recorded against him and he spent a long time among them (the coptic people)without any problems and everyone used to hear to him when he speaks and his intercession wasaccepted, but as for Moses (PUH) he was grown up in the house of the pharaoh and he was beloved,but at the end they considered him a betrayer and so he had no dignity in their eyes, but for them heis the first enemy, and so how come they accept any sermon or hear for him while he is their enemy,and they knew for sure that he was the one that commited the crime when he fled away after

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discovering his deed, and he addmited: He said: My Lord! Lo! I killed a man among them and I fearthat they will kill me(Al-Qasas:33), and also he said: And they have a crime against me, so I fear thatthey will kill me(Al-Shu`arâ':14), and so if this is his situation with them how come they will listen tohim or even look at any condition of his conditions? The tyranny of the pharaoh and his pride, and heis the one who said: I (Pharaoh) am your Lord the Highest(Al-Nâzi`ât:24) and also he said: I know notthat ye have a god other than me(Al-Qasas:38), they keep listening to Moses far away and this tyrantwould not understand the speech of Moses because of his tyranny, and does anyone hope that thistyrant would listen to the one who he had grown up in his house and then killed someone from hispeople? No and No, and for this reason Moses asked from his Lord to make Aaron a henchman forhim to express for them what he wants because he can make them understand what they do notunderstand from Moses (PUH).

Some faithful sermons sayers said about Moses' saying: And loose a knot from my tongue, That theymay understand my saying(TaHa:27-28) what has a general meaning of that he was speaking to hisLord saying that "I am shy to speak to You with my tongue that I do use to speak with others, thus myshyness had become a knot in my tongue so Loose it," and they said about his saying: Appoint for mea henchman from my folk, Aaron, my brother(TaHa:29-30), that he was asking God to appointmentAaron as his henchman to avoid speaking to them with a tongue that he spoke to God with. Thatmight be of truth somewhat, although prophets used to speak to God and His enemies with thesame tongue and it is better to reach the desired results and among them (the prophets) there arewho is even of higher place than Moses and among His enemies there are who is worse than thepharaoh.

Taking Off The Shoes in The Valley of Tuwa

It is mentioned that Al-Mahdi (PUH), the awaited, may our souls be a ransom to him, was askedabout God's commandment for Moses to take off his shoes by saying: So take off thy shoes, for lo!thou art in the holy valley of Tuwa(TaHa:12), so the one asking said: the scholars of the two creeds[he did not appoint which creeds at that time] say that this commandment was because it (theshoes) were made of skin (of the dead animals), so he (PUH) said what was in general like: whoeversaid that had made lies about Moses and did not know truely his prophecy, because such matter hastwo relative conditions: either the prayers of Moses was accepted, or it was not accepted, so ifpraying with it (the shoes of skin) was accepted and allowed, then it is allowed for Moses to wear italso in that holy spot even if it was a sacred place, and if praying was not allowed with it then theyhad pointed out that Moses knows nothing about the allowed and what is not allowed and how theprayer is accepted and how it is not, and this is a disbelieve. So then the one asking said: then I saidto him (PUH): O master then what is the interpretation of this? So he (PUH) said: Moses was in theholy valley and he showed to his Lord the absolute love and sincerity and the great happiness forspeaking to Him without a medium betweem both of them and for making him a messanger to the

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pharaoh that he was afraid of him and of his people, so then God said to him: if you are truely lovingMe and sincere then take off your shoes meaning take off the love of your family and people andmake it all to Me and do not make it busy with something else, Allah hath not assigned unto any mantwo hearts within his body(Al-Ahzâb:4). It is mentioned that Moses loved his wife so much and heleft her with her birth pains without someone to take care of her in coldness and in wilderness, andwent on searching for fire and then he met that great happiness. It is mentioned in Torah that Moses(PUH) had a son and he called Gershom, and it is a name that gives a feeling of being strange. Wehave the right to talk about the matter of taking off the shoes and talk about what is apparent andunderstood in the regulations of those who regulate, and that the commandment from Him, theExalted, to take off the shoes was to be polite in that holy spot, and because he (Moses) was in frontof the Great of heavens and earth and their Creator, and he was talking to the One that haseverything in His hands and He is the Resurrector and the Eternal, the Lord of angels and the soul, soin that situation Moses even should have crawled on his knees and prostrate on the live coal for theGod of the worlds, with addition of taking of the shoes, and he should have forget about everythingelse and only work his heart and his senses with his real Lord and his Creator that speaks to him, andbeing with bare foots is a sign of humiliation, and to get the bless from the soil of the holy spot, andfor this reason the old faithful people used to pilgrimage around Kaaba with bare foots. Then Moseswore his shoes like everyone else to protect his feet from being polluted and against insects andshocks from rocks and thorns and so on, and maybe God ordered him to take them off because Hemade him safe in that spot and He told him about the purity of that spot.

It is mentioned that once the prophet (PUH) was asked: why the valley of Tuwa was called the holyvalley? He said: because in it the souls were sanctified and the angels were chosen and there Godspoke to Moses. As attributed to Ibn-`Abbâs about the meaning of the mount of Sinai he said that itis every mountain that has olive trees on it or any other fruitful trees that people might use, andevery mountain that has such characteristics is called the mount of Sinai , and if it has nothing thatpeople might use of plants or trees it would not be called by this name but only called a mountain, sowe say: language is the source whenever we doubt about the meaning of something in the language,and the holy phrases that point out to this matter are a lot, and in the chapter of TaHa: Hath therecome unto thee the story of Moses ? When he saw a fire and said unto his folk: Lo! Wait! I see a fireafar off. Peradventure I may bring you a brand therefrom or may find guidance at the fire.And whenhe reached it, he was called by name: O Moses! Lo! I, even I, am thy Lord, So take off thy shoes, forlo! thou art in the holy valley of Tuwa(TaHa:9-12), and the holy phrases are a lot in many chapters: Al-Qasas, Al-Forqân, Al-Shu`arâ', Al-Sajdah, Al-Nâzi`ât, and others, and they interpret each other, and itsmatter is not hidden from the sacred faith and its people.

Moses Entering Egypt After Sending Him With His Brother Aaron

They mention that after Moses had spoke with God in the holy valley and after His commandment inHis saying: Go thou unto Pharaoh! Lo! he hath transgressed (the bounds)(TaHa:24), he went alongwith his family and his cattles to Egypt and he got into it at night time and had a residence in thehouse of his mother and brother and the rest of his family, and seems that his father was dead atthat time, and we've mentioned before that his brother Aaron went to him for reception on the bankof the Nile by an inspiration from God to Aaron, and then he took residence in the house of his familyand he had the great happiness for meeting them after such a long period of time, especially towardshis purified mother, and he told them about his matter and whatever he faced of troubles until he

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reached Midian and about his residence with Jethro and so on, and he told his brother Aaron that heis his partner in the message and he is a prophet and appointed to tell the message and take on itsadversities and take the leadership by a commandment of God, so Aaron had nothing but to accept itand obey God's commandment, then they went to tell the message and go to the pharaoh, and theyhad nothing in their thoughts but to do what God commanded with. It is said that they got into thecourt of the pharaoh just by requesting that. In a speech attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said:when God sent Moses as a prophet to the pharaoh, he came to his door and asked to meet him buthe did not give a permission, so he (Moses) stroke the door with his stick and all open doors wereclosed and then he got into the court of the pharaoh and told him that he is a prophet from God andasked him to send with him the Israelites, so then the pharaoh said to him: Did we not rear theeamong us as a child? And thou didst dwell many years of thy life among us, And thou didst that thydeed which thou didst, and thou wast one of the ingrates(Al-Shu`arâ':18-19), meaning that you killeda man from us so you were ingrateful to my care for you, and then Moses said: Even though I showthee something plain?(Al-Shu`arâ':30), then the pharaoh said: Produce it then, if thou art of thetruthful!(Al-Shu`arâ':31), Then he flung down his staff and it became a serpent manifest(Al-Shu`arâ':32), and so then everyone escaped and fled away and terror got into the pharaoh and hecould not hold hisself and then said: O Moses, by God I ask you to keep it away from me, and so hedid, and then he got his hands out and it was so white, and it is said that when Moses took his stickaway from the pharaoh, he was about to believe in Moses but Haman said to him: you were a godand worshipped and now you are a servant for a servant, stop him and do not allow him to do hisdeeds, so then the tyrants of the pharaoh's followers said: he is only a magician with a greatknowledge and want to banish you away from your lands so what are you going to do? They saidthen: Put him off (a while) - him and his brother - and send into the cities summoners, To bring eachknowing wizard unto thee(Al-A`râf:111-112).

They said that the pharaoh and Haman were the best wizards, and they conquered people by themagic, and the pharaoh claimed hisself as a god by magic, and as for Haman he was a slave for thepharaoh, as it is mentioned in Safeenat Al-Bihâr for Al-Muhaddiþ Al-Qummi, but because of hisloyality to the pharaoh and because he did not believe in a thing except in life and to make people asslaves, he was then transformed from being just an advisor to someone that shares everything in hismatters, and what we understand about this man, Haman, that he was an intelligent man and a devilby himself and also a hypocrite and has no religion and does not worship anything, and when thepharaoh was about to believe in Moses, Haman started to keep him away from this, thus thepharaoh was closer to the faith rather than Haman was and for this when he was about to sink hesaid: I believed in what the Israelites believed in, but that was of no benefit to him, so Haman is theone that used to manage the matters of the pharaoh, and he built for him the tower when he (thepharaoh) ordered him to do so: and set up for me a lofty tower in order that I may survey the god ofMoses(Al-Qasas:38), and they say that when Moses told the pharaoh what he was sent for and tosend with him the Israelites, he (the pharaoh) made this as a favour for him to the Israelites andMoses, and the speech of Moses to the pharaoh was a speech of passion and easiness with patienceapplying God's commandment to him and his brother in God's saying: And speak unto him a gentleword, that peradventure he may heed or fear(TaHa:44), and also God said in the chapter of Al-A`râf:Moses said: O Pharaoh! Lo! I am a messenger from the Lord of the Worlds, Approved upon conditionthat I speak concerning Allah nothing but the truth. I come unto you (lords of Egypt) with a clearproof from your Lord. So let the Children of Israel go with me(Al-A`râf:104-105), and in the chapter of

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Al-Shu`arâ' the same meaning is mentioned. Some people claimed that such speech is in fact as tomock at the pharaoh by Moses as for Moses he was powerful by God and by whatever God gave himof miracles, and his power is not humiliated by the claims of the pharaoh or his numerous solders oreven his luxurious marches, but this is just an imagination of the one claimed such thing, and it is agentle word for the benefit of the others and it is for what God wanted in God's saying: And speakunto him a gentle word, that peradventure he may heed or fear(TaHa:44), and this commandment tomake his heart incline toward releasing the Israelites, because he had enslaved them and treatedthem worse than anyone else, thus as if Moses was sent for them only and to release them and stophumiliating them and let them work with the religion of their fathers Abraham and Ishmael and Isaacand Jacob (PUT), as it is understood from the results of their story after passing through the sea andthe death of the pharaoh at the end. It is said that the pharaoh was a cow-worshipper and heordered the people to worship it and the narrator of such tidings takes the clue from the deed of As-Samiri (The Samarian) who made the calf for the Israelites for they were used to it, thus it is said thatfor the hardness and harshness of the pharaoh and his tyranny, he is not faced with mocking as somesaid, but he was faced with the gentle words for God's saying: And speak unto him a gentle word,that peradventure he may heed or fear(TaHa:44), or else he might be faced with destruction.

Then the pharaoh, after the message of Moses and the seducation of Haman, started to gather thewizards to stand against Moses, and gathered them from all the cities and they were one thousandwizards, and he chose the best eighty of them and they said to the pharaoh: you knew that no one ismore skillful than us in magic, so if we defeated Moses what is our reward? He said to them: you willshare the kingdom with me, they then said to him: and if Moses defeated us and broke our magicthen we would know that what he showed was not magic but it is a miracle from God to prove hisclaims and so we must believe in him. Then said the pharaoh: if Moses defeated you, I shall believe inhim as well. As attrbiuted to Ibn-`Abbâs he said: when the pharaoh said the power of God in the stickand the hand (of Moses) he said: we will not defeat Moses unless by facing him with someone likehim, so he took some children from the Israelites and sent them to a village called Al-`Armâ' wheremagic is taught for children and they learned lot of magic and the pharaoh had an appointed withMoses in a certain day, and he called the wizards so they came with their teachers, and then thepharaoh said to them: how did you do? They said: we taught them magic that no one on earth couldbear unless if it was a commandment from heaven then they cannot bear it, so then the pharaohgathered all the wizards and they were seventy two men, and Ka`b Al-Ahbâr said they were twelvethousand, and some said they were around thirty thousand, and `Ikrimah said seventy thousand, andsome said eighty thousand and he (the pharaoh) chose seventy thousand of them and then fromthose seventy thousand he picked seven hundred, and they say that chiefs of the wizards werebrothers from the town of Al-Sofr (and it is an area at the far end of Egypt and only God knows) andwhen the messanger of the pharaoh came they said to their father: the king called for us becausetwo men arrived in his court without men or weapons but have the power and the king is annoyedbecause of them, and they had a stick that when thrown nothing would stand in its face andswallows the iron and the woods and the stones, so their father answered: look to them when theysleep, and if you can, steal it from them, because the magic of a wizard would not work while he'ssleeping, and if you could not do it while they are sleeping then this is something of God'scommandment and you have no power for this nor anyone else would, and so they did and tried tosteal it while they were sleeping but when it felt them, it chased them and they fled away scared,and they had an appointment with him at the day of the feast [Arabic: day of the feast = Yawm Al-

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Zeenah] and it was a day for the market for them (the Egyptians). It is mentioned from Ibn-`Abbâsthat it was at the day of `Âshurâ' [the tenth day of Muharram, the first month in lunar calendar, andthe same day for the massacre of the grandson of the prophet, Al-Husain], and it was on Saturdayand also it was at the day of Nayruz [Nayruz: ancient persian festival announcing the beginning ofspring, Iranian people still celebrate it every year], and so all the people from all around the worldgathered together and it was in Alexandria, so when everyone gathered together, Moses came tothem while he was standing with the help of his stick and Aaron with him, so Moses then said to thewizards: Woe unto you! Invent not a lie against Allah, lest He extirpate you by some punishment. Hewho lieth faileth miserably(TaHa:61), so each one of them said to the other: this is not a saying of awizard, then they said to him: we shall show you today a magic that you never saw before, and theybrought the sticks and ropes carried by sixty camels. Then Moses said to them: Throw what ye aregoing to throw! So they did and threw their sticks and ropes and it went like if they were snakes andlike mountains that filled the valley riding each other, so he (Moses) got scared in himself, [a linecomes here I could not understand!], then God inspired to him: Fear not! Lo! thou art the higher,Throw that which is in thy right hand! It will eat up that which they have made. Lo! that which theyhave made is but a wizard's artifice, and a wizard shall not be successful to whatever point (of skill)he may attain(TaHa:68-69), so he threw his stick and turned to be a large black serpent with fourshort but thick legs and had a tail that it used to stand upon and could reach higher than the citywalls with its head, and anything it would strike with its tail would be broken, and its legs could breakthe rocks and fill the walls of the houses with fire and his nose smoked poisons, so then it viewedwhat the wizards did throw and it were like snakes in the eyes of the pharaoh and the others, so itswallowed them one by one and nothing left in the valley, so the people got defeated and fell uponeach other so that twenty five thousand persons died that day because of that and the pharaoh gotdefeated with fear..etc - and it is a long tale - until the narrator said: when the wizards saw whathappened they said: if it was magic it would not be hid from us, and if it was magic then where areour sticks and ropes? Then they fell prostrating and said: We believe in the Lord of the Worlds, TheLord of Moses and Aaron(Al-A`râf:121-122), and there were four elders among them: Sabur, `Ârur,Hat-hat, Masfâ, so when the wizards believed (in Moses) the pharaoh said with stubborness: Ye putyour faith in him before I give you leave. Lo! he doubtless is your chief who taught you magic! Butverily ye shall come to know. Verily I will cut off your hands and your feet alternately, and verily I willcrucify you every one(Al-Shu`arâ':49), then they said: We choose thee not above the clear proofsthat have come unto us, and above Him Who created us. So decree what thou wilt decree. Thou wiltend for us only this life of the world(TaHa:72), so he cut off their hands and legs and crucified themand he was the first to do that, so they were disbelievers in the morning and faithful martyrs in theevening, and the pharaoh was defeated and denied but to remain being stubborn, so Moses got backand the stick following him protecting him like an honest dog would do to his master and the peoplewere looking at it until Moses went into the camp of the Israelites and he took its head and it gotback again to a stick.

They say that the meeting of the wizards with Moses and his brother at that appointed day and itwas a day of festival for them, so when it was midday all people gathered, and the pharaoh had thatday a dome that was seventy cubits in height and it was covered with steel and when the sun raysstrike it no one would be able to look at it because of the glancing, and when they faced each other,the wizards said to the pharaoh: we see a man that looks into heaven and our magic did not reachthe heaven, then they said to Moses: O Moses! Either throw (first) or let us be the first throwers? So

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Moses said to them: Throw what ye are going to throw! Then they threw down their cords and theirstaves and said: By Pharaoh's might, lo! we verily are the winners. Then they (cords and staves)started to shake and ride on each other so everyone that might looked at them would think that theyare indeed snakes and all people got scared, and Moses kept his fear inside himself and then he wascalled: Fear not! Lo! thou art the higher. Throw that which is in thy right hand! It will eat up thatwhich they have made. Lo! that which they have made is but a wizard's artifice, and a wizard shallnot be successful to whatever point (of skill) he may attain, so Moses then threw his staff and itmelted like lead on the floor then its head appeared and opened its mouth and put its upper jaw onthe dome of the pharaoh and then went around like a millstone and ate the cords and staves of thewizards as if they were nothing, and people got horrified because of this and could not holdthemselves and started to run and squashed each other so that ten thousand men and women andchildren were killed because of this, then it went around the dome of the pharaoh and he (thepharaoh) got frustrated and also Haman and so scared so that polluted their clothes and their headwent white, while Moses went with the people running so then God called him saying: Grasp it andfear not. We shall return it to its former state, so then Moses went back and covered his hand withhis clothes and put his hand into its mouth and it turned back into a staff as it was, so then thewizards fell prostrating and said: We believe in the Lord of Aaron and Moses, but the pharaoh gotangry for what they did and said to them: Ye put your faith in him before I give you leave. Lo! hedoubtless is your chief who taught you magic! But verily ye shall come to know. Verily I will cut offyour hands and your feet alternately, and verily I will crucify you every one, and they said to him: Lo!we ardently hope that our Lord will forgive us our sins because we are the first of the believers..etc,and we've mentioned the story before but it is here again for some variations in narrations, but thetruth in all variations is one as it is obvious.

The Nine Continuous Miracles by Moses (PUH)

It is probable that when the wizards fell prostrating because they believed in God that made Mosesable to banish all their magic, and when they said: We believe in the Lord of Aaron and Moses, thenpeople believed in Moses, so then Haman said to the pharaoh: people started to believe in Moses sowatch out for everyone that got into his religion and put him in jail, so the pharaoh then put in jaileveryone that believed in him of the Israelites, so then Moses came to him and said: release theIsraelites, but he did not answer him and did not care about his saying and did not do so, so thenGod revealed at that year the flood which corrupted their homes and made them go into the desertand live in tents out there, so then the pharaoh said to Moses: pray to your God to give us a relieffrom the flood and I shall release the Israelites and your friends, and so did Moses and the flood wasended. The pharaoh was about to release the Israelites but Haman said to him: if you released theIsraelites then Moses had defeated you and banished your kingdom, so the pharaoh accepted thatsuggestion and did not release the Israelites, and when he did not do what he promised, Godrevelaed upon them in the following year the locusts which ate everything they owned of plants and

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trees until it got into their homes and ate their food and got into their beds and in everything and soit is said it even got into their throats and their ears and their backs and all their bodies because itwas of varied sizes, and the pharaoh got so scared because of this and took refuge into Moses andsaid to him: pray to your God to relief us from the locusts to release the Israelites and your friends,and so Moses did and the locusts left their lands, and when he did not release the Israelites, Godrevealed in the third year the vermin and it corrupted their agriculture and annoyed them and theygot stroke by famine, so the pharaoh said to Moses: if you released us from the vermin I wouldrelease the Israelites, and so Moses did and the vermin disappeared from their lands, but thepharaoh did not verify his promise, so then God then sent to them the frogs that got into their foodsand their drink, and they say that the pharaoh got so scared because of this and they asked Moses torelief them from this adversity and if he did so they would believe in him and send with him theIsraelites, so when God released of that adversity they refused to release the Israelites for theythought that they would be left alone humiliating God's creations.

When they denied releasing the Israelites, God turned their Nile to blood so that the coptic manwould see him as blood and drink it as blood and the Israelite man would see it as water and drink itas water, and they got scared even more than before and they knew that this is because of Mosesand these are miracles following each other and he founds them by the permission of God and endsthem by the permission of God and they were sure of it and found no way out but to take refuge athim and to release the Israelites from the jails and stop torturing them, and so when Moses did andthey drank pure water again they did not fullfil their promise for Moses, so then God revealed uponthem the pollution and it was the red snow and they did not see him before, and lot of them diedbecause of their fear and they knew that if they kept being stubborn they would be destroyed anddoomed with the worst of conditions so then the pharaoh decided to answer them for their requestsand release the Israelites and said to Moses: Pray for us unto thy Lord, because He hath a covenantwith thee. If thou removest the terror from us we verily will trust thee and will let the Children ofIsrael go with thee(Al-A`râf:134), so when God removed the terror [terror or pollution, the Englishtranslation for this Arabic word is not uniform in all parts of the Quran, sometimes it was called"pollution" and in some places it was called "terror"], he released the Israelites, and when hereleased them they gathered around Moses and he (Moses) went with them out of Egypt andeveryone that fled away from the pharaoh got back to him (Moses) and the condition of Moses wentgreater and all the Israelites gathered around him from far and near lands, and all the Israelitesmoved out of Egypt with their elders and their women and their children, their healthy people andtheir ill people as well, and they got out of it their cattles and whatever they could carry and theirservants followed them and the money owner went out with his money as well, so they did not keepanything that could be carried unless they carried it and left only empty houses with things thatcould not be carried, and there were some of them that were special because they could carryweapons and fight and thus the matter of Moses grew greater and when the pharaoh knew about ithe got anxious about it so then Haman said to him: I told you not to release the Israelites but you didnot listen to me, and the pharaoh had nothing to do but to be scared and anxious, so then heordered his armies to gather together and prepare to chase Moses and start a war with him, and sohe went out seeking Moses, and the front of his army was made of six hundred thousand men andhis march was made of a thousand thousand knight (million), and when the two teams saw eachother from afar and Moses got closer to the sea and the pharaoh was closer to Moses, the folks ofMoses said: Lo! we are indeed caught, then Moses said: Nay, verily! for lo! my Lord is with me. He

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will guide me and save me from the tricks of the pharaoh and his tyranny, they say that Moseswalked with his people to the sea and their fighters counted as much as six hundred and twentythousand warriors with spears in their hands, and there no one among them that was seventy yearsold nor twenty years old, and Moses was at the end and Aaron was on the front. And in a speech asattributed to Al-Kâðim (PUH) that includes that God commanded Moses to take with him the tomb ofJoseph (PUH) with him from Egypt to the lands of Shem where his fathers Abraham and Isaac andJacob (PUT) lie, so he did and it was kept in a box made of marble on the bank of the Nile and so hetook it with him and he then buried him in Hebron with his fathers (PUT).

Then Moses went through the sea by the commandment of God with his brother Aaron and withYosha` ben Nun (Joshua ben Nun) and his people, and God commanded him to strike the sea with hisstaff, and when he did so the sea split into two and each part was as mountain vast, and twelve roadwas splitted for him and there were twelve tribes with him so each tribe went into a road, and thewater got as high as a mountain on the road sides by God's will and the roads got dry as if there wereno water at all before by God's will as well and the sun rose upon it, and when Moses got into oneroad with his tribe and the rest of the tribes went after him and the water level was higher than theirheads like mountains and the tribe that was with Moses got scared because of the water level andbecause they could not see the rest of the tribes and thought that they were dead so they askedMoses about them and said: where are our brothers of the Israelites? He said to them: they are withyou on other roads, but they did not believe so for their extreme sadness for the rest of theIsraelites, so when Moses knew about their dark thoughts he asked God to show them the rest ofthem so then God ordered the waters to be like aqueducts so that they can see each other and eventalk to each other, and so the water between them was as God ordered, so how wonderful is Hispatience for His servants and how beautiful is His passion, and it was like aqueducts between themso that they could see and talk to each other, and they say that the road through the sea was oneleague, three miles, twelve thousands cubits, so sanctification be to Him for His power and howbeautiful are His gifts for His weak servant that is busy away from his own Master. Then came thepharaoh with his soldiers and when he reached the sea he said to his folks: don't you know that yourgod had made roads for you through the sea, but none of his folks dared to get into the roads andthe horses kept away for the great height of the water levels, so when the pharaoh saw theirhesitation and their fear to get into the roads he went first and wanted to pass over, but anastrologer said to him: do not pass, and he tried to fobid him from going through, but the pharaohinsisted and did not accept his opinion while no one dared to get through. Then the pharaoh wentwith his horse and it was a mighty horse but it denied going forward to one of the twelve roads, sothen they say that Gabriel (PUH) went forward while riding in front of the pharaoh so that when thepharaoh saw him he went after him and went through the sea and then his folks went after him, sowhen all were going through and the folks of Moses were all out of the sea into the land, God thencommanded the wind to strike the sea and it collapsed over the pharaoh and his folks and none wassaved, and the folks of Moses were in safe, and when the water came down like mountains over thepharaoh and his people and he knew that he will be destroyed he said then: I believe that there is noAllah save Him in Whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am of those who surrender (unto Him)(Younus:90), and they say that when the pharaoh said the sentence of believing, Gabriel then hadsome water with his hand and put it into his mouth and said to him: What! Now! When hithertothou hast rebelled and been of the wrong-doers? But this day We save thee in thy body that thoumayst be a portent for those after thee (Younus:91-92), and as for the folks of the pharaoh they went

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deep into the sea and then into hell, and as for the pharaoh, God made his body remain on theshores so that people would see him and know him and to be as a sermon for people coming thenafter and so people do not doubt about his death and they are the ones that made him a god, so Godshowed them his dead body on the shores so that they would learn.

God said in the chapter of Al-A`râf: And we straitened Pharaoh's folk with famine and dearth offruits, that peradventure they might heed. But whenever good befell them, they said: This is ours;and whenever evil smote them they ascribed it to the evil auspices of Moses and those with him.Surely their evil auspice was only with Allah. But most of them knew not. And they said: Whateverportent thou bringest wherewith to bewitch us, we shall not put faith in thee. So We sent againstthem the flood and the locusts and the vermin and the frogs and the blood - a succession of clearsigns. But they were arrogant and became a guilty folk. And when the terror fell on them they cried:O Moses! Pray for us unto thy Lord, because He hath a covenant with thee. If thou removest theterror from us we verily will trust thee and will let the Children of Israel go with thee. But when Wedid remove from them the terror for a term which they must reach, behold! they broke theircovenant..etc(Al-A`râf:130-135). In the chapter of Al-Isrâ': And verily We gave unto Moses ninetokens, clear proofs (of Allah's Sovereignty). Do but ask the Children of Israel how he came untothem, then Pharaoh said unto him: Lo! I deem thee one bewitched, O Moses..etc(Al-Isrâ':101). In Al-A`râf also: Therefore We took retribution from them; therefore We drowned them in the sea:because they denied Our revelations and were heedless of them. And We caused the folk who weredespised to inherit the eastern parts of the land and the western parts thereof which We hadblessed. And the fair word of thy Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel because of theirendurance; and We annihilated (all) that Pharaoh and his folk had done and that they hadcontrived(Al-A`râf:136-137). In the chapter of Younus also: And We brought the Children of Israelacross the sea, and Pharaoh with his hosts pursued them in rebellion and transgression, till, whenthe (fate of) drowning overtook him, he exclaimed: I believe that there is no God save Him in Whomthe Children of Israel believe, and I am of those who surrender (unto Him). What! Now! Whenhitherto thou hast rebelled and been of the wrong-doers ? But this day We save thee in thy body thatthou mayst be a portent for those after thee. Lo! most of mankind are heedless of Ourportents(Younus:90-93). In the chapter of Al-Shu`arâ': And We inspired Moses, saying: Take away Myslaves by night, for ye will be pursued. Then Pharaoh sent into the cities summoners, (Who said): Lo!these indeed are but a little troop, And lo! they are offenders against us. And lo! we are a ready host.Thus did We take them away from gardens and watersprings, And treasures and a fair estate. Thus(were those things taken from them) and We caused the Children of Israel to inherit them. And theyovertook them at sunrise. And when the two hosts saw each other, those with Moses said: Lo! weare indeed caught. He said: Nay, verily! for lo! my Lord is with me. He will guide me. Then Weinspired Moses, saying: Smite the sea with thy staff. And it parted, and each part was as a mountainvast. Then brought We near the others to that place. And We saved Moses and those with him, everyone; And We drowned the others(Al-Shu`arâ':52-66).

[Ash`abite, I coined this term meaning the adjective of "Ash`ab." Ash`ab was a famous character inthe Arabic folklore that resembles stupidity and also funny stories, and the author here points to thestupidity or the funny personality of the pharaoh, as to mock at him!]

The Miracles of Moses and The Ash`abite Psychology of The Pharaoh

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When Moses finished telling his message to the pharaoh and his people and showed the miracles:the staff, the hand, the dry years, the fruit corruption, the flood, the locusts, the vermin, the frogs,the blood and the terror (or pollution), these were miracles that were given in details, and thepharaoh was a tyrant man made everyone as a servant for him and the Egyptian nation used tobelieve in his worshipping and his holiness, and Moses surprised him with something that he doesnot accept, which was meant to be putting him down from the throne of holiness, so he started tonagotiate and debate with Moses and asked him: what is the God of the worlds? He said: the Lord ofheavens and earth and what is in between, for He is the Creator for them and for what is in betweenand He is the Maker, then the pharaoh turned around him looking at the people showing signs ofsurprise and saying: do you hear? While Moses kept saying: your Lord and the Lord of your fathers aswell, meaning He is the ancient God before the foundation of the pharaoh and before he becomesworshipped by his folks, so then the pharaoh said to his folks: the prophet that was sent to you isinsane for he is saying things that we never heard before nor we do believe in, and Moses kept onsaying: the Lord of the east and west and whatever in between them if you are someone tounderstand. When Moses and Aaron knew that the pharaoh was a stubborn man and careless aboutMoses and his message and he (the pharaoh) will disbelieve them for sure, they said to him: we'vebeen inspired that the punishment shall be revealed upon him who lies, so he said to them: who isyour Lord O Moses? He answered: He is the One that counted everything He had created, for He isthe One that gave you the senses and the mind and created for you everything on earth and madeyou viceroys and rulers after rulers and guided you to use everything you meet for your ownbenefits, then the pharaoh started to ask questions while Moses answering them one after another,so he asked him about the early centuries and said to him: what about the early centuries? So Mosesdenoted that only God knows by saying: their knowledgement is in the hand of my Lord in a bookthat my Lord shall never forget nor astray about it, and He will judge every human being about hisdeeds, and then Moses made the gifts of God that he was ignoring clear to him by saying: Who hathappointed the earth as a bed and hath threaded roads for you therein and hath sent down waterfrom the sky and thereby We have brought forth divers kinds of vegetation(TaHa:53), and made iteasy for the human being to find what he eats and for his cattles what they graze upon, and the Onewho did such deeds, His deeds must be signs that guide someone with a thoughtful mind, and earthis our source and to it we shall be back again and from it we will be produced again to be asked forwhat we did, so God said: Thereof We created you, and thereunto We return you, and thence Webring you forth a second time(TaHa:55).

The Ash`abite Imaginations of The Pharaoh

Ash`ab, and he is the one that was famous for his silly imaginations and his bad opinions, and one ofhis stories as it was mentioned that once he kept some children away from him by lying at them, andhe told them there is a wedding some where and they give some money in that wedding for thechildren, so the children went away from him trying to reach that wedding for the money, so whenthey went away he followed them hoping that what he did say is true and get something from thatmoney that is distributed in that wedding! When the pharaoh asked Moses and Aaron about theirLord by saying: who is your Lord O Moses? He said: the Lord of the earth and heavens and what isbetween them, so he thought from Moses' speech that their Lord is found some where in heavenbecause the Almighty that can be up never comes down, and he made his people think that he isable to fight him and kill him as well and that climbing to the sky is something that he can do, so heissued a command to his minister, Haman, to build for him a tower reaching the sky to see the Lord

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of Moses, and then mentioned his thought about the lies of Moses. When Haman built the towerand made it so tall so that the pharaoh can reach the Lord of Moses, a wind came and knock it downfrom its base so it was ruined and the idea of the the pharaoh did fail and he was never guided, thenhe commanded to make an ark and on all of its corners some tightened pillars, then he (Haman)brought lot of hungry eagles and tightened them by the legs to the pillars and hanged on each pillarsome meat, then both of them (the pharaoh and Haman) went into the ark and it went flying highbecause of the eagles and their hunger and the meat upon the pillars, so they flew with the ark alldaytime and the pharaoh were asking Haman from time to time about what was upon them andwhat was beneath them, until they reached so high and he (the pharaoh) thought that he would bedead, he then commanded to be back to earth so he (Haman) got the meat down for the eagles andthey all came down to earth in safe, for a wisdom only God knows.

In the chapter of Al-Qasas: And Pharaoh said: O chiefs! I know not that ye have a god other than me,so kindle for me (a fire), O Haman, to bake the mud; and set up for me a lofty tower in order that Imay survey the god of Moses; and lo! I deem him of the liars(Al-Qasas:38). Kindling the fire issupposed to make the bricks from the mud to build the tower with after burning it with fire, so thathe (the pharaoh) can reach the Lord of Moses and solve the problem with Him by an agreement orby killing each other, and this is only because of his Ash`abite imaginations. In the chapter of Ghâfir:And Pharaoh said: O Haman! Build for me a tower that haply I may reach the roads, The roads of theheavens, and may look upon the god of Moses, though verily I think him a liar. Thus was the evil thathe did made fairseeming unto Pharaoh, and he was debarred from the (right) way. The plot ofPharaoh ended but in ruin(Ghâfir:36-37). So Moses insisted on the pharaoh to believe in God whilehe was among his own people and this is something that breaks off his picture and get his placeamong his people down and it opposes the tyranny of the pharaoh, the one who owns the necks andthe power over all the land and worshipped by the people, and who can compete with him and he isthe one that said "I (Pharaoh) am your Lord the Highest" and "I know not that ye have a god otherthan me," and for this God did say to his messanger Moses (PUH): Go, both of you, unto Pharaoh. Lo!he hath transgressed (the bounds), And speak unto him a gentle word, that peradventure he mayheed or fear(TaHa:43-44). Moses then did not leave any gentle way unless he had used and no doorof guidance he did not enter for make the pharaoh happy with his people, but they do not likepeople that give advices. Some interpreters say that Haman did build the tower for the pharaoh untilhe reached an end that he could not continue building and then the pharaoh went upon it anddirected an arrow to the sky and the arrow came back with some blood so then the pharaoh said: Ikilled the god of Moses, but this narration is full of doubt and it is but lies, for the pharaoh knowsclearly that he is lying about what he claimed to himself and most of his followers did know that butbecause of his power they could not say it frankly, as it is for all the people in every time and everyplace, except those that God did make them succeed and happy.

The Pharaoh Wants to Kill Moses and The Believing Man From The Pharaoh Family Defending Him

When the wizards were defeated and they all believed in Moses and what he had come with andthey all fell prostrating to God, most of the people from the Israelites did believe as well so thepharaoh captivated them and used them for hard works and heavy adversities fell upon them, thenafter years of the signs of dryness, flood, locusts, vermin, frogs, blood, and terror (or pollution), he(the pharaoh) released them for Moses, but the pharaoh did not believe in Moses but insisted on hisideas and his rebellious nature neglecting the signs that Moses brought to him, but his people

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seduced him to run after Moses blaming him to let Moses go with his people to corrupt the lands asthey claimed, and stop working for them as they used to do, and they cut off worshipping thepharaoh, and he (the pharaoh) used to calm them down by promising that he will kill Moses and hispeople and enslave their women depending on the power of his solders and their numbers andproud of his power, so then the pharaoh and his assistors started with torturing and the Israelitescomplain to Moses for what they are facing, and Moses call them to have some patience toward thisadversity and commanded them to take refuge in God against what is coming in their way and heused to promise them with victory and they said to him: we've been under torture before and afteryour arrival. He (Moses) promised them that their enemy will be destroyed and their adversities willbe over and that they will rule the lands that it was promised for them, then the pharaoh wanted tokill Moses for he was afraid that he would change their religion and corrupt in the lands as theyclaim, but Moses (PUH) took refuge in God, the One, against the evil of every one of pride that doesnot believe in the day of Reckoning. In the chapter of Al-A`raf: The chiefs of Pharaoh's people said: (OKing), wilt thou suffer Moses and his people to make mischief in the land, and flout thee and thygods? He said: We will slay their sons and spare their women, for lo! we are in power over them. AndMoses said unto his people: Seek help in Allah and endure. Lo! the earth is Allah's. He giveth it for aninheritance to whom He will. And lo! the sequel is for those who keep their duty (unto Him). Theysaid: We suffered hurt before thou camest unto us, and since thou hast come unto us. He said: It maybe that your Lord is going to destroy your adversary and make you viceroys in the earth, that He maysee how ye behave(Al-A`râf:127-129). In the chapter of Ghâfir: And verily We sent Moses with Ourrevelations and a clear warrant. Unto Pharaoh and Haman and Korah, but they said: A lying sorcerer!And when he brought them the Truth from Our presence, they said: Slay the sons of those whobelieve with him, and spare their women. But the plot of disbelievers is in naught but error. AndPharaoh said: Suffer me to kill Moses, and let him cry unto his Lord. Lo! I fear that he will alter yourreligion or that he will cause confusion in the land. Moses said: Lo! I seek refuge in my Lord and yourLord from every scorner who believeth not in a Day of Reckoning(Ghâfir:23-27).

Then the pharaoh made a plot with his people to kill Moses and started to watch for opportunities todo so for he was afraid that people would say he was not able to face Moses for his miracles, andMoses turned to be powerful among his people and the believers also, and the pharaoh was afraid ofhim because all of that, especially the staff and its deeds, and he thinks that if Moses wanted todestroy the pharaoh and his people and every enemy for him (Moses) with that staff he would do itwithout a doubt, and for this he was afraid of Moses, otherwise, he was a tyrant man, and thensupposing that he is much more stronger than Moses and can assassinate him by any way, he wasmore afraid of the great shame that is to be said that he killed Moses for he could not face him, andwhat is the guilt of Moses to come with miracles, so then he would be signed with shame amongpeople, especially poor ones. The the pharaoh gathered for him the wizards but Moses defeatedthem and they believed in him. Lot of people believed in Moses after that wizards believed in him,thus the pharaoh was afraid to kill him to avoid the response for he had no rights against Moses asthey can see and killing Moses might cause them to change their religion as well and doubt about hisholiness, and here there was a way for the believing man of the pharaoh family to protect Moses,and he was the maternal cousin of the pharaoh and some say that he was his paternal cousin, and heis Hazaqeel (Ezekiel) (PUH) [The man is supposed to be Egyptian, but the name is of Hebrew origin,but this is how it was mentioned, but it differs from Ezekiel the prophet for sure although the authormentioned "PUH" after his name] and they say that he hid his faith for six hundred years as Taqiyyah

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[Arabic: Taqiyyah = Preservation, Protection. This action was spread among Shiite people so wide toget along with other communities for the long history of adversities and hostilities against them. It isdone by acting, wearing and behaving like the community that a man would live in to get along withpeople and hide his faith in something], and as attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH): the Taqiyyah is of myreligion and the religion of my fathers, and there is no religion for the one that has no Taqiyyah, forTaqiyyah is the shield of God on earth, for the believing man of the pharaoh would be killed if heshowed his faith, and it is attributed to the prophet (PUH) that he said: the righteous are three andEzekiel the believing man of the pharaoh family is considered one of them..etc, so Ezekiel in thisstory was defedning Moses freely for he was not afraid of being charged, for the pharaoh and hispeople are plotting against Moses.

Since the right is shown to be beside Moses and nothing can beocme higher than him, Ezekiel stoodup to protect Moses that God appreciated that for him, and he did well with that fearing no one, andwithout a doubt he is a believer in Moses and in the Lord of Moses, and he explained for them that itis not approperiate to kill him just because he said that my Lord is "Allah" because his claims do notdeserve to be killed for, and he came with his obvious miracles that proves his truthfulness, and thenEzekiel avoided being discovered so he said: if he was a liar then no harm of his lies, and if he wastrue, then some of his promises would be fullfilled against you, and by saying this he is pulling themgradually toward believing and admitting his truthful calls and proving that they are wrong and to askthem not to be fundamentalists, but the pharaoh opposed him in opinion and said to some peoplethat agree with him against him (Ezekiel), then he (the pharaoh) said: I do but show you what I think,and I do but guide you to wise policy(Ghâfir:29), and the believing man of the pharaoh family did notstop just by telling them his opinion but also called to God and warned them against God's will andwhat happened to the ancient nations and how God deals with those who disbelieve in His prophets,and He took revenge of Noah's people and drawned them and destroyed A`ad and Þamud, andexplained to them what happened to the various nations because of their deeds and reminded themthat the calls of Moses are not something new, and Joseph ben Jacob (PUH) came with such tidingsand calls before and when he passed away to his Lord they said that God will never send anotherprophet while before him came his fathers Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac and Jacob, and all of them wereprophets and all came with clues and miracles and some of them God had guided and some otherswere not to be guided at all, and nothing can be hid from God in earth or heaven, and He neverneglect the good and bad deeds and rewards everyone according to his deeds, thus believers will bein paradise nad eternal luxury, [some lines come here with tricky order that I could not translate, butit has the meaning of: Ezekiel is calling them to happiness and faith and they are calling to sorrowand hell]. They started to plot against Ezekiel as they did with Moses and they felt that he wasbelieving in the religion of Moses for his obvious defense for Moses but God protected him againsttheir plotting, and his end was to happiness and the pharaoh's end with his people to hell.

In an interpretation for Al-`Askari (PUH) as attributed to his fathers as they reported to Al-Sâdiq(PUH) that he said: Ezekiel, the believing man of the pharaoh family, a believer in the Oneness of Godand a believer in the prophecy of Moses, and in preferring Muhammad (PUH) to all prophets andpreferring `Ali ben Abi-Tâlib (PUH) and the rest of the Imams (PUT) to all other viceroys and he was adisbeliever in the sacredness of the pharaoh and what his people believe in, so some betrayersbetrayed him and told the pharaoh about him and said: Ezekiel calls against you and helps yourenemies, so he said to them: he is my cousin and my viceroy over my kingdom so if he did as you saidthen he deserves the punishment for neglecting my favours towards him and if you were liars then

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you deserve the extreme punishment for interfering with him, so Ezekiel then brought and was saidto him: you disbelieve in the pharaoh and neglect his favours, so Ezekiel said then: O king, did youever witness my lying? He answered: no, he (Ezekiel) said then: ask them then who is their lord?They all said: the pharaoh, he said then: who is your creator? They said: the pharaoh, he said: who isthe one that gives you life and make a living for you and protect you? They said: this pharaoh! Thensaid Ezekiel: O king then witness and all of the people in your presence that their Lord is my Lord andtheir Creator is my Creator and the One who makes life for them is the One that makes life for me aswell, and I make you witness with all people around you that every other god but their God I dodisbelieve in. He said all of that meaning God, the One, the Lord of the worlds. It is said that then thepharaoh turned his face to the betrayers and said: O people that seek corruption in my kingdom anddesire sedition between me and my cousin, you are the ones that desire my punishment for yourdesires to kill my cousin, and then he ordered to put wedges in their legs and their chests andordered to brush their bodies with iron brushes, and this is about God's saying: So Allah warded offfrom him the evils which they plotted, while a dreadful doom encompassed Pharaoh'sfolk(Ghâfir:45), so their betraying for Ezekiel was a reason for their destruction.

The holy phrases from the chapter of Ghâfir: And a believing man of Pharaoh's family, who hid hisfaith, said: Would ye kill a man because he saith: My Lord is Allah, and hath brought you clear proofsfrom your Lord ? If he is lying, then his lie is upon him; and if he is truthful, then some of thatwherewith he threateneth you will strike you. Lo! Allah guideth not one who is a prodigal, a liar. O mypeople! Yours is the kingdom to-day, ye being uppermost in the land. But who would save us fromthe wrath of Allah should it reach us ? Pharaoh said: I do but show you what I think, and I do butguide you to wise policy. And he who believed said: O my people! Lo! I fear for you a fate like that ofthe factions (of old); A plight like that of Noah's folk, and A'ad and Thamud, and those after them,and Allah willeth no injustice for (His) slaves(Ghâfir:28-31), until God mentioned what he did say:And verily Joseph brought you of old clear proofs, yet ye ceased not to be in doubt concerning whathe brought you till, when he died, ye said: Allah will not send any messenger after him. Thus Allahdeceiveth him who is a prodigal, a doubter(Ghâfir:34), and God then said: And he who believed said:O my people! Follow me. I will show you the way of right conduct(Ghâfir:38), and also: And ye willremember what I say unto you. I confide my cause unto Allah. Lo! Allah is Seer of (His) slaves. SoAllah warded off from him the evils which they plotted, while a dreadful doom encompassedPharaoh's folk, The Fire; they are exposed to it morning and evening; and on the day when the Hourupriseth (it is said): Cause Pharaoh's folk to enter the most awful doom(Ghâfir:44-46). In a narrationattributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) about Ezekiel: by God, they turned him into pieces, but God warded offthe evils of being a disbeliever. They said that he hid his faith until Moses appeared and defeated thewizards so he showed his faith with the wizards and so he was crucified with them. Although Moseswas so cautious toward the pharaoh and his tyranny he did not stop calling him to believe in God andwork with the righteous religion seeking that if he believed then all people would do so as wellbecause they all follow him, so his wish to make the pharaoh believe was to let all people believe aswell, thus all in Egypt would believe in God, so his true gain is to make all people believe in God andHis religion and work according to His laws, and Moses increased his calls towards the pharaoh tobelieve after that wizards believed in him neglecting the tyranny of the pharaoh, and Moses werecalling and asking him to believe in God and release the Israelites.

The pharaoh did exaggerate in his response and saw that it is something so great for him to believe inMoses and follow his religion with such power and riches he had and all the people were his slaves,

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and Egypt with its Nile and its branches that run all over the lands pour into his riches, and so he wastaken away with his material soul that sees no dignity except by riches so he said: I am surely betterthan this fellow, who is despicable and can hardly make (his meaning) plain!(Al-Zokhrof:52), and alsosaid: Why, then, have armlets of gold not been set upon him, or angels sent along with him?(Al-Zokhrof:53), and the damned neglected what Moses brought with him which was greater than whathe wished, and if Moses brought what he wished he would still say it is but magic, but he works withhis forked tongue in front of the poor people and by these sayings his people did follow him for theyused to follow him to wherever he wants and so they sold their after-life and their religion and theirsouls for the sake of the life of the pharaoh and so they lost the life and the after-life and this is thegreat loss, and that made him gather the people from every where and say to them: I (Pharaoh) amyour Lord the Highest. God did tell his story in the chapter of Al-Zokhrof: And Pharaoh caused aproclamation to be made among his people saying: O my people! Is not mine the sovereignty ofEgypt and these rivers flowing under me? Can ye not then discern? I am surely better than thisfellow, who is despicable and can hardly make (his meaning) plain! Why, then, have armlets of goldnot been set upon him, or angels sent along with him? Thus he persuaded his people to make light(of Moses), and they obeyed him. Lo! they were a wanton folk(Al-Zokhrof:51-54). And in the chapterof Al-Nâzi`ât: Then turned he away in haste, Then gathered he and summoned, And proclaimed: "I(Pharaoh) am your Lord the Highest." So Allah seized him (and made him) an example for the after(life) and for the former(Al-Nâzi`ât:22-25), and the former is when he said: I know not that ye have agod other than me, and the after (life) is when he said: I (Pharaoh) am your Lord the Highest. Thus,when pride conquered the pharaoh with tyranny and rebelled against the commandment of God andexaggerated in disbelieving Moses and kept on torturing the Israelites and humiliating them, Godthen ordered Moses to tell the pharaoh and his people that God will reveal His punishment uponthem, and thus whenever an adversity comes over them they knew its reason and it is only becauseof the prays of Moses and he had promised them with that, so they had to come to Moses andpromise him with believing in God to have a relief, and when God take off His punishment theywould get back to tyranny, and so on until the great adversity fell upon them and that is by drawningthe pharaoh and his people and destroying them, and that was the great happy tidings for theIsraelites in this life for their victory and been safe and the destruction of their enemy. Theadversities that came over them after that Moses showed his miracles and clues are: the dry years,loss of plants, flood, locusts, vermin, frogs, blood and terror (or pollution), and before that the staffand the hand, and they are nine and Moses had lot of miracles before these previous miracles andafter the death of the pharaoh and we will point out the strangest of them so just wait. Someconcluded that these previously mentioned miracles are not the same as the miracles that Moseswas sent with to the Israelites, and that by God's saying: Do but ask the Children of Israel how hecame unto them(Al-Isrâ':101), and the miracles (or tokens) that are special for the Israelites areconsidered to be laws and regulations as it is mentioned that a jew asked the prophet (PUH) aboutthese phrases (or tokens) so he (PUH) said: they are: do not believe in other god but the Lord, do notsteal, do not commit adultery, do not kill the soul that God fobade unless by a right, do not take aninnocent man to the ruler to kill him, do not commit magic and witchcraft, do not deal in usury, donot claim bad things on a faithful woman, do not escape from fighting, and for you jews in special donot transgress the Sabbath, so when the prophet (PUH) finished his talk the jew man stood up andtook his hand and kissed it and said: I swear that you are a prophet.

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Thus, the miracles or phrases that are special for the Israelites were as regulations and laws for allpeople of all creeds and religions that were before them or that will be after them until thedoomsday which are fixed in all religions, and what we believe is that everything that Moses broughtof regulations was for all sane persons of coptic people or the Israelites and others as well of djinnand human beings, because his regulations are for the public and it banishes what came before it,and for no doubt Moses is considered one of stout of heart among the messengers [messangers ofstout hearts is an expression used to denote prophets or messangers that their message and religionwas for all people and not only one tribe or nation, and they are five: Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus,Muhammad (PUT)], for he is a messanger in the first place from God to Egypt, to the pharaoh andHaman and Korah and to release the Israelites from the hands of the tyrant pharaoh, and in realityhe is a messanger to all people that do understand at his time and so on until his religion is to bechanged and banished by another prophet that God would send after him, and it had been banishedwith religions that came after by the religion of Islam by the hands of its prophet, the Hashimite, maypeace be upon him and upon his Household and upon the rest of the messangers and prophets. Wesay also that everyone had to ask for a miracle as a proof for what he came with, and the Israelite islike anyone else to ask for miracles and the regulations and laws for all, and as for the pharaoh andhis tyranny he was faced with miracles such as the staff and others in public, and this is by God'ssaying: Go thou unto Pharaoh! Lo! he hath transgressed (the bounds)(TaHa:24), do not be confused.Look to the many doubts of the Israelites and they had like any other nation, the believer and thehypocrite, and when they went out of the sea after the destruction of their enemy, they saw somepeople worshipping an idol for them so then they said to Moses: O Moses! Make for us a god even asthey have gods(Al-A`râf:138), and when Moses went away from them to get the commandmentsfrom God they rebelled against his viceroy, his brother Aaron, and followed As-Samiri (the Samarian)with the worshipping of the calf, and the Samarian was one of them, and Korah was also one ofthem, so notice, but they had been divided to many branches as well as nations before, and so all ofthat requires a miracle to be shown up for them, or even for some special people of them as well asit was done with others before, and they did take refuge in him because of their adversities only, butwe do not deny that there are faithful believers that were waiting for him to appear as we'vementioned before, and they had to ask for miracle as well, and what was mentioned of holy phrasesare all mentioned in the chapters of Al-A`râf, Al-Isrâ', TaHa, Al-Naml, Al-Qasas, Al-Zokhrof, Al-Qamar,Al-Nâzi`ât and so on and they are all give the brightest clues for the noble thinker and would makehis darkness brighter and they are a refreshment for the heart, so how great are these miracles andholy phrases that leave no excuse.

The Exit of The Israelites From Egypt to Palestine

God said: And verily We inspired Moses, saying: Take away My slaves by night and strike for them adry path in the sea, fearing not to be overtaken, neither being afraid (of the sea)(TaHa:77). What ismentioned in Torah in brief is that the pharaoh permitted for the Israelites to go out with Moses toget rid of the adversities that came over him and his people because of them and to answer therequests of Moses, and not because that the pharaoh believed in Moses. When the pharaohpermitted that he regretted and so he gathered armies from all the cities and followed them to getthem back into slavery, and the reasons for his regret as they attributed are all silly that do notdeserve to be mentioned. The Israelites reached the shores of the red sea over the gulf of Suez, so he(the pharaoh) followed them with the sun rising, so the people of Moses knew that they aredestroyed and the pharaoh will kill them, so Moses calmed them down and stroke the sea with his

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staff as God commanded him and so it was splitted so that its floor appeared and he commanded theIsraelites to pass over and so they did from the western coast to the eastern coast and the pharaoharrived to the place that they passed from and saw a road through the sea that is not rugged and theIsraelites passed from it and were not hurt, so he got into the road running after the Israelites, sowhen all of the israelites were out of the sea and the pharaoh were in the middle, the sea thenclosed together and the pharaoh was drawned with his soldiers and no one of them escaped, andwhen he was sure of the destruction he said: believe that there is no Allah save Him in Whom theChildren of Israel believe, and I am of those who surrender (unto Him)(Younus:90).

Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr said about this matter what is in brief: the pharaoh did not believe in thecontent of his word but he just wanted to be saved from being destroyed and it is like the othermiracles that he saw from him (Moses) but did not believe in because of his tyranny, and they usedtosay for Moses (PUH): O Moses! Pray for us unto thy Lord, because He hath a covenant with thee. Ifthou removest the terror from us we verily will trust thee..etc, and also said to him: O wizard!Entreat thy Lord for us by the pact that He hath made with thee. Lo! we verily will walk aright, sothen God used to relief them of the adversities and they get back to what they used to do before forthey thought that they would be saved as before. Some claim that the pharaoh was saved for hebelieved in God at the end and they use clues that should never be listened to, and God says: Theforgiveness is not for those who do ill-deeds until, when death attendeth upon one of them, he saith:Lo! I repent now..etc(Al-Nisâ':18), and also God did say: What! Now! When hitherto thou hastrebelled and been of the wrong-doers? But this day We save thee in thy body that thou mayst be aportent for those after thee..etc(Younus:91-92). As it is attributed to Al-Ridhâ (PUH) in his answer tosomeone asked him about the reason for the destruction of the pharaoh and he believed in Godbefore his death, so he (PUH) said: for he believed when he saw the power, and being faithful whenlooking at power is something not accepted, and this is the judgement of God in previous nationsand all the creations, and God did say: Then, when they saw Our doom, they said: We believe in Allahonly and reject (all) that we used to associate (with Him). But their faith could not avail them whenthey saw Our doom(Ghâfir:84-85), thus when the pharaoh was about to be destroyed he said: Ibelieved..etc. The pharaoh was covered with iron shields from the top of his head to his toes andwhen he was drawned, God did make his body on a high ground to be a sermon for people after him,thus when they see him with all his heavy weight because of the shields in a high place they wouldreckon about the meanings. We've pointed out that there is a confusion between historians andinterpreters about the reason for destroying the pharaoh after showing faith, and they answered thisin many ways and the best of all is what we just mentioned above. They did differ also in the place ofthe miracle of Moses so some said: it was in the place that is called Birkat Fir`un (the lake of thepharaoh), and they say the passing over began from there, and also said: their passing was to thenorth of the place called `Uyun Musâ (springs of Moses) which is in the Asian lands and it is not faraway from Suez, and some said: their passing was between Suez and Al-Buhayrah Al-Murrah (TheBitter Lake) at a time when both of them were connected together. They say that the width of thebay, that Moses did strike with his staff and splitted apart, was four leagues, twelve miles, forty eightthousand cubits as measured by the arm. It is mentioned in Torah that God sent an eastern wind tothe sea and removed water until the land appeared and then the Israelites passed over and thepharaoh followed them and he was drawned, and by meditating there is no doubt that a thoughtfulman would have about this matter and it is a miracle for Moses and to save his people and thedestruction of the pharaoh and his people. The road in the sea was created either by a wind blow or

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by striking it with a staff as it is mentioned in Quran, and all of that was done by God's care and will,so the miracle is obvious for Moses either a muslim looked at it in his Quran or a jew looked at it inhis Torah, but the atheists look into the Torah and say that Moses had no proof for it (to be as amiracle for him), and it is not a miracle, and no one either a muslim or a book-owner [book-owner isa general expression that denotes jews and christians for they have holy heavenly-revealed books]should look at it as a miracle for Moses. The answer to these false imaginations is obvious from whatwe pointed out before for the miracle is done by any suggested way because the wind was notbelieved to do such a great effect before Moses or after him, and if it had such an effect then theycan bring that matter as a clue for their false claims. We've pointed out before also that the musliminterpreters for the holy quran agreed that the road that the Israelites passed through the sea fromwas splitted into twelve dry roads, as much as the tribes of the Israelites. It is mentioned in thechapter of Al-A`râf: Therefore We took retribution from them; therefore We drowned them in thesea: because they denied Our revelations and were heedless of them. And We caused the folk whowere despised to inherit the eastern parts of the land and the western parts thereof which We hadblessed. And the fair word of thy Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel because of theirendurance; and We annihilated (all) that Pharaoh and his folk had done and that they hadcontrived(Al-A`râf:136-137). This meaning is found in many chapters like: Younus, Al-Isrâ', TaHa, Al-Shu`arâ', Al-Qasas, Al-Zokhrof, Al-Dukhân, Al-Ðâriyât, and all had what is related to this matter, soread them and you will get the knowledgement.

What is known for us that if what was in Torah differs from that what is in Quran then Quran is to betaken and depended on for it was revealed with truth and confirming which was before it. In Torah itis mentioned what is in brief that the Israelites announced the happiness and their voices got highwith sanctifications for God when they passed the sea and were saved from the pharaoh, and theirwomen took the tambours and played and danced for their saving and the death of their enemy, andthis is not something to be denied, and no doubt that their happiness was great for being saved insuch weird way and for the destruction of the pharaoh with his soldiers in the sea and being sermonsfor others for all times. That was what the enemy of God faced because of his pride and in the after-life he would be taken to hell and the painful torture, and God said in the chapter of Hud: And verilyWe sent Moses with Our revelations and a clear warrant Unto Pharaoh and his chiefs, but they didfollow the command of Pharaoh, and the command of Pharaoh was no right guide. He will go beforehis people on the Day of Resurrection and will lead them to the Fire for watering-place. Ah, hapless isthe watering-place (whither they are) led. A curse is made to follow them in the world and on theDay of Resurrection. Hapless is the gift (that will be) given (them)(Hud:96-99). In the chapters of Al-Qasas, Ghâfir and Al-Dukhân there are phrases details of debates beetween the people of the helland explaining the types of torture and humiliation that they will face and so on of things that makethe heart of a believer shake, and the hypocrites would mock at. It is told in some narrations that thedeath of the pharaoh was on Wednesday as it is mentioned that a man from the lands of Shem askedthe prince of believers (PUH) about Wednesdays and about being afraid of such day, he (PUH)answered: on the last Wednesday of the month the pharaoh was destroyed, and on Wednesday thepharaoh asked for Moses to kill him, and on Wednesday the pharaoh ordered to slay the scholars[maybe the author means here the wizards that believed in Moses] and on Wednesday thepunishment was revealed on the pharaoh and his people, and it is mentioned before that the nameof the pharaoh was Al-Waleed ben Mus`ab and he was called Abâ-Mus`ab (Father of Mus`ab), and helived for four hundred years and was one of the giants, and Al-Sâdiq (PUH) was asked about the

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interpretation of God's saying: And with Pharaoh, firm of might(Al-Fajr:10) [notice that thetranslation of Pickthall is not exactly word by word, the Arabic meaning of the phrase would morelike: And the pharaoh of the wedges], so he (PUH) said: this is because when the pharaoh wanted totorture a man he would make him lay on the flood over his face and then would order to extend hisarms and legs and nail them with wedges into the floor and leave him like that until he dies.

The Wife of The Pharaoh, Âsiyyah bent Muzâhim

She was one of the Israelites and was a faithful woman, and she was keeping her faith a secret toavoid the pharaoh, and when Moses defeated the wizards and they all believed in Moses and hisLord and lot of the Israelites showed their faith in Moses as well, she then showed his faith and herlove to God and her tongue mentioned the sanctification for Him, so when the pharaoh knew aboutthat, he got extremely angry and forbade her but she did not stop, so then he started to torture her,and as attributed to Ibn-`Abbâs that he said: the pharaoh took his wife Âsiyyah and when he knewthat she was a believer and tortured her in several ways to let her stop believing, so then Mosespassed by while she was being tortured so she complained to him by moving her finger so he prayedto God to have some relief towards her and so God did and she did not feel the pains of torture andshe did not die because of the torture and she said while being tortured: My Lord! Build for me ahome with thee in the Garden, and deliver me from Pharaoh and his work, and deliver me from evil-doing folk(Al-Tahreem:11), so God inspired to her to lift her head up and so she did and she saw herhome in paradise and it was built with pearls so she laughed, and the pharaoh then said: look howcrazy she is, she laughs while being tortured. Some say that she was tortured under the sun andwhen everyone is gone away from her the angels came down to her and showed her her house inparadise. As it is attributed to the prophet (PUH) he said: the best women of paradise are four,Khadijah bent Khuwaylid [The prophet's wife] and Fâtimah bent Muhammad [the prophet'sdaughter], and Mary the daughter of Amram [Mary the mother of Jesus], and Âsiyyah bentMuzâhim, the pharaoh's wife. In a long narration that he (PUH) considered Ezekiel and his job and hiswife and children, and his wife was the brusher for the pharaoh's daughters and she was a believerand once the brush fell off her hand and she said: by name of God! Then the daughter of thepharaoh said: he is my father, but the brusher the wife of Ezekiel said: no but He is my Lord and yourLord and your father's Lord, so the daughter told her father the pharaoh and so he called her withher children and said to her: who is your lord? She said: my and your lord is God, so then he orderedfor an oven made of copper and it was boiled and then called her with her children and warned herbut she did not get back to his religion and so when he wanted to throw her with her children intothe oven she said: I request from you to gather my bones with my children's bones and bury them,he said then: your request will be fulfilled for the rights you have unto us, so then he ordered theirchildren to be thrown into the oven one by another while she was looking at them and the last ofthem was an infant which said to his mother: be patient mother you are on the truthful way, andthen she was thrown into the oven with her infant, until he (PUH) said at the end: and the wife of thepharaoh was one of the Israelites and she was a faithful woman and she used to worship God insecret until the pharaoh killed the wife of Ezekiel then she saw the angels flying with her soul and shewas sure of that by many signs and so her faith increased and while she was like that the pharaohwent to her and told her what did he do, so then she said: woe to you O pharaoh! how dare youagainst God the Exalted, so he said to her: maybe you've been crazy like your mate before, so shesaid to him then: not been crazy but I believed in God, my Lord and your Lord and the Lord of theworlds, until he (PUH) said: then the pharaoh swore that she will taste the death or disbelieve in the

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God of Moses, and then he (PUH) said: then her mother met her and asked her to be with thepharaoh but she denied to be so and said: to disbelieve in God then this is something I will not do, sothen the pharaoh ordered to bring her and she was stended by four wedges in her hands and legsand kept on torturing her until she died. So may peace be upon her with her mate.

Moses and His People Going Out From The Sea Into The Land

When Moses went out with his people from Egypt and the pharaoh followed them and harassedthem with his soldiers, God ordered then Moses to strike the sea with his staff and so the sea wassplitted for him with twelve roads as much as the number of the tribes of the Israelites and no morenor less than this number for every tribe has its own way, and then Moses with his people passedover and the pharaoh was destroyed with his people, so then Moses went out to the desert, andthere were no towns or trees or food or even water, and when they spent many days there they gotannoyed because of this situation, where they find themselves in a desert that has nothing exceptsands and sun and the extreme heat after they had been in a great land as Egypt with lot of peopleand there they were born and lived for many years and there they had everything they would like ofliving conditions and there they had possessions and some had a trade and others had crafts andothers had plants and investments and productions and everyone had a job there and they used toit, and now they had been without a job and without something to eat so they felt the loneliness forleaving their homes and for what they used to see of buildings and now they are out of the favoursthey used to live in into the desert and this got so hard on them and sadness got into them and theyfelt humiliated so they had refuge in Moses and they were crying and weeping and they complainedto him about what they feel, so Moses then began to calm them down and tell them sermons andtelling them that God will make them rulers and give them more than what they did have before andwill make them higher and rule the world only if they did have patience and fought against theenemy of God and obeyed His commands and followed His viceroy, so Moses calmed them downwith his words and they relaxed and believed in his promise, and then they complained about theheat so he prayed to God and He sent the clouds to shade them all daytime then they complainedabout the hunger so then God revealed upon them the manna and quails, and the manna was asubject that fell upon them at night on some plants and make their taste so sweet with easiness toeat and digest as they said, and they said its name was (the plant) is Taranjabeen [this name mightdenote the Citron], and it used to fell upon the plants on that desert so they eat them later, and forthe quails it was a bird that covered the earth with its numerous numbers so they used to take whatthey need from it and it has the finest taste among all birds' meats and it was flying towards them sothen they take it and cook it, and its fine taste is proved by the holy phrase: Eat of the good thingswherewith We have provided you(Al-Baqarah:57).

In the honorable speech (of the prophet PUH): when Moses passed with them into the land theylanded in a desert and then they said to Moses: O Moses, you doomed us and picked us out of urbanareas to a desert that has no shadows, no trees nor water, so then a cloud came at day time to makeshade for them against the sun and at night the manna is revealed upon them so they eat it in thenext morning and at night a cooked bird is revealed for them upon their tables, and when they eatand get satisfied they never look for something else. There was with Moses a stone that he used toput in the middle of the camp and then strike it with his staff so that twelve springs would show upfrom it thus each tribe has its own spring, and they were twelve tribes descended from Jacob (PUH),and the tribes [Arabic: tribe (Israelite tribe) = Sibt, might be equal to the English word Sept as well!]

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are children of the children like clans and tribes from the children of Ishmael ben Abraham (PUT),and the Quran used this term (Sibt, pl. Asbât) and its explanation will come later by God's will, so allchildren of Jacob are called "Sibt" and all children of Ishmael are called "Qabeelah" [in translationsfor Quran both words are translated as "tribe" but Arabic is rich with destinctive terms that wouldhave only one translation in English and maybe only people with deep knowledge in the Arabiclanguage can make destinctive translations], so the tribes at the time of Moses were twelve and theyare the ones that went out with Moses. It might be apparent that the ones that believed in Mosestruely and been sincere with their Lord before going out (of Egypt) or when Moses called them tobelieve in God the One, the Lord of angels and souls, only few of them were afraid of the pharaoh,and the elders of the Israelites were using Taqiyyah (avoiding) with the pharaoh and the most of theIsraelites were in doubt, so only few of those people did believe in Moses, and most of the Israeliteswere followers for the coptic people with the creed of the pharaoh, and the previous wonders, thatGod stroke the pharaoh and his people with, did not avoid them from being followers for thatpaganism that they lived long time with although they were not beloved and humiliated, for theyfaced lot of torture and humiliation with the Egyptians, and then a rescuer came from them and he isthe messanger of God Moses and Moses faced many obstacles and threats just to rescue them, andhe was called an insane and a wizard and he taught the pharaoh hard lessons with his miracles thatpoints out to his truthfulness, and they (the Israelites) saw with their own eyes how the sea wassplitted for them so that they passed over without being a bit wet or losing a thing, as one historiansaid, and he said also: they even tricked the women of the Egyptians and took their ornaments andjewels and they went out with all these jewels like a captivated man ran away with his chains, andwhen the pharaoh desired to pass with them to get them back into slavery, God closed the sea onthem and all were destroyed, all of that happened in front of their eyes and Moses did not forget toremind them and explain to them that all the deeds that he did were all from God and by Hiscommandments and He is their Lord and the Lord of their fathers and He is the One and the Alivethat has no companions, and the wet sands were still sticking to their shoes but their paganismnature came over them, and their badness in their souls pushed them to ask Moses, after passing bysome people that worship some idols, asked him to make a god for them as they have a god, andwhat do you imagine the answer of Moses to them? Are blaming and warning useful now after hedid all that for them? Moses was not ignorant for their situation and their rocky minds and their sillyideas and the meanness that was planted in their souls as if they were drunk without thought: Theyare but as the cattle - nay, but they are farther astray(Al-Furqân:44), would he (Moses) be regrettedfor what he did and for all the deeds and troubles he beared and for the humiliation that he faced?No and No, for he is a messanger from God, the Exalted, and an advisor for his people, so patience ishis ally, and mercy is his companion, and he did not leave anything that blisses God, and everythinghe faced was for them and their happiness and to gather them again, and he was in hope for theircorrect faith to win the honor of life and the after-life, so his answer to them was only to be patientfor the sake of God: Then have patience even as the stout of heart among the messengers (of old)had patience(Al-Ahqâf:35), and what they deserve for their request to have a god other than theirLord is to be rebuked for their shamelessness and misunderstanding and for their injustice towardthe One who destroyed their enemy and saved them from his wrath and made them the best amongthe nations, and a God with such miracles toward them and such favours for them should not be leftto worship another except by those who are silly and been shameless and been stuck with the shamethat shall never be removed, this is if there is such an imagination that there is another god to beworshipped other than Him, and maybe such a talk is to go along with those who are silly and do not

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believe in a doomsday and paradise or hell, and is there a wise man full of sense that would believein the existance of someone that shares or opposes the Creator of the universe and the night andday abd the Creator of time and space, unless he was stupid and made his soul a toy for the devil, orof those that their hearts became dark and unhappiness was destined for them and been like deaf,dumb, blind, therefore they have no sense, may God guide us, the Merciful, for what blisses Him andto the goodness of this life and the after-life by His beloved the chosen and his Household the best ofthe creations, Amen.

Some Historians Said

When the folks reached the lands of Sinai peninsula, the sun there was extremely hot and there wereno homes that they can live in and no trees to be under their shadows, so they complained to Mosesabout the harshness they are facing so he prayed to his Lord who brought then a cloud to that placeto make the shade for them and protect them against the sun, and because their supplies was to beover and they missed the meats with their fear of being kept in hunger God then sent to them thewinds carrying the manna and the quails, and when they passed from the eastern coast and they hadno water then for their drink and for their cattles, they complained to Moses and asked for water, soGod then commanded him to strike the rock with his staff and when he did so, twelve springs thengushed out, and after all of that they were not satisfied what God revealed for them and whatfavours He made special for them, so they asked their prophet Moses (PUH) to have a fine livingconditions and asked for what they used to eat of vegetables and herbs and the various kinds ofcucumbers and garlic and grains for bread and other cookings and lentils and onions and so on, as ifthey were cattles just want to eat and to work, and they do not look back at what they were in ofhumiliation and slavery for the pharaoh and his people and how their women were treated likeslaves and they were attacked in their honor and been humilaited more than the folks of Saba'(Sheba), and their children were used to be killed in front of them with no mercy for them, and thiermen were kept for the hard work and to remove the dirt and every humiliating job, as tyrants usuallydo with the slaves, and with the prophet of God they turned to be free and own themselves andwork in complete freedom and dignity and worship the truthful God, the Lord of all, withoutsomeone to wrong them, under the mercy of the One of Mercy who saved them from humiliationand turned them to dignity and eternal happiness, but this did not awaken their determination thatwas turned down by the pharaoh and the household of the pharaoh and the adversities that cameover them for long times which made humiliation is a second nature for them planted in their heartsand their sights and their hearing and the instinct that has the total control of their feelings, and soon.

The clues for all of this are all provided by the holy quran, so God said in the chapter of Al-Baqarah:And when ye said: O Moses! We are weary of one kind of food; so call upon thy Lord for us that Hebring forth for us of that which the earth groweth - of its herbs and its cucumbers and its corn and itslentils and its onions. He said: Would ye exchange that which is higher for that which is lower? Godown to settled country, thus ye shall get that which ye demand(Al-Baqarah:61), and in the chapterof Al-A`râf: And We brought the Children of Israel across the sea, and they came unto a people whowere given up to idols which they had. They said: O Moses! Make for us a god even as they havegods. He said: Lo! ye are a folk who know not. Lo! as for these, their way will be destroyed and allthat they are doing is in vain. He said: Shall I seek for you a god other than Allah when He hathfavoured you above (all) creatures?(Al-A`râf:138-140), And of Moses' folk there is a community who

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lead with truth and establish justice therewith. We divided them into twelve tribes, nations; and Weinspired Moses, when his people asked him for water, saying: Smite with thy staff the rock! And theregushed forth therefrom twelve springs, so that each tribe knew their drinking-place. And we causedthe white cloud to overshadow them and sent down for them the manna and the quails (saying): Eatof the good things wherewith we have provided you. They wronged Us not, but they were wont towrong themselves (Al-A`râf:159-160), and in the chapter of TaHa: O Children of Israel! We deliveredyou from your enemy, and we made a covenant with you on the holy mountain's side, and sent downon you the manna and the quails, Saying): Eat of the good things wherewith We have provided you,and transgress not in respect thereof lest My wrath come upon you: and he on whom My wrathcometh, he is lost indeed. And lo! verily I am Forgiving toward him who repenteth and believeth anddoeth good, and afterward walketh aright(TaHa:80-82), and so on of many clues.

Moses Only Wanted to Get Them Into The Holy Lands

When the folks of Moses asked him to have fine living conditions and said to him that they cannotget patience toward one type of food and to pray to his Lord to get them plants of the earth..etc,then Moses said to them: Would ye exchange that which is higher for that which is lower? Go downto settled country, thus ye shall get that which ye demand(Al-Baqarah:61), so they said to him: OMoses! Lo! a giant people (dwell) therein and lo! we go not in till they go forth from thence. Whenthey go forth from thence, then we will enter (not till then)(Al-Mâ'idah:22). What is understood ofthe interpretations and reliable narrations is that when Moses went out of Egypt with the Israeliteshe had no wish but to get them into the holy lands, and it is the lands of Shem where Isaac and Jacobwere born and where Abraham and Isaac and Jacob were buried and Joseph was moved to it later on(PUT), and there was Jethro [please read previous notes] and the household of Jethro and hishonorable family, and it includes Palestine and bounded apparently by Iraq and Hijâz and Egypt andthe mediterranean and it had lot of towns and active cities, so Moses went to these lands with hisfolks away from Egypt that they did not see in it except of the humiliation and torture for all the timethey lived there after the death of Joseph (PUH), and it lasted for four hundred years almost, fromthe time of Joseph and the travel from Palestine to it (Egypt) to the time of Moses. We've mentionedbefore that when they went into it with Jacob at the time of Joseph they were around seventy innumber, and they went out with Moses and they are six hundred thousand warriors added to thewomen and children as well. All that time they were under the rule of the pharaohs, and the pharaohof Moses is Al-Waleed Abi-Mus`ab ben Mu`âwiyah ben Abi-Nameer ben Al-Hilwâs the giant and he isthe forth of them as we mentioned before, and he was the most tyrant of them all, so Moses wantedto get them out of this damned land and release them for the adversities that came over them inthat land of wrong people to their own lands and the land of their grandfather, Abraham, by thecommandment of their Lord, and their Lord called it the holy land and described it like this and madeit a holy place when He ordered His friend Abraham to travel there, before Abraham and Lot andtheir households do so from the land of Iraq, so it was blessed with his travelling to it and it was theland of their graves and the homeland for the prophets and most of the messangers after them, sothe books of Abraham and the Torah of Moses and the Psalms of David and the Gospel of Jesus, allwere revealed there, so may peace of God be upon our prophet and his Household and on theirowners (the holy books) and His greets. There also was founded the second of direction of prayer,the honorable house of Al-Aqsâ mosque, so it is the most honorable spot that God had made justsecond after Mecca and the mosque of His prophet (PUH) in Medina. So, Moses wanted to releasethem from the slavery for the pharaohs and wanted their dignity, so he got them out of it in safe and

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God did destroy their enemy, and when he wanted to move with them to some country in the landsof Shem they denied to do so and said: there are giant people and we will not go there until they goout of it and we are not able to fight against them, so when he started to give his sermons andreminded them of the miracles that God did to him and they knew that he is serious about going intothat holy land and live there, they said to him then: So go thou and thy Lord and fight! We will sithere(Al-Mâ'idah:24). It is mentioned that when they did not agree with Moses to fight the giants, hedecided to leave them so when he wanted to do so they realized what benefit they have for him tobe between them and how much did he take care of them and found out that his presence is a mercyfor them and a protection, so they got scared and said: if Moses went out the punishment surely willbe revealed upon us, so then they gathered around him and asked him to live with them and ask Godto fogive them so then God inspired to him: I forgive them for not going into the lands and I forbid itfor them for forty years and they shall astray in the lands as a punishment for them for their saying toyou: So go thou and thy Lord and fight! We will sit here. What is apparent, the land that God orderedthem to get into to forgive them for their sins and the one that they will not reach for forty years isthe same one that they got out from (Egypt) and it was a judgement for all so all of them got intoforgiveness and made astray, for this they did say that they used to get up in the beginning of thenight to get into Egypt and start to read Torah and when they reach the gates of Egypt the earthwould rotate and get them back to their previous place, and the distance between them and Egypt,their previous homeland where their homes used to be, four leagues, so they stayed with thissituation for forty years, and this is what is known as The Wandering, and it is mentioned that Aarondied during that time and also Moses, and after this period of time of forty years, their children andgrandchildren got into the lands of Shem. It is mentioned also that when Moses reached with themthe holy lands after their repentance, he said to them: go into, but they denied to do so, so they gotastrayed in four leagues for forty years, and one league is three miles and one mile is four thousandcubits as measured by the arm, so the total is twelve miles, forty eight thousand cubits, andapparently it seems that it was as measured by the arm-length of the arms of people at that time,and this is the destiny that they got astrayed with until all had died except of Yosha` ben Nun (Joshuaben Nun) and Kâlib ben Yofannâ (Caleb ben Jephunneh) the husband of Mariam (Mary) the daughterof Amram and the sister of Moses and Aaron [notice that she is not Mary the mother of Jesus] forthey did not refuse any command for Moses the prophet of God.

Joshua is the viceroy of Moses and the leader after him, and he has honorable situations and warswith his enemies until God opened with him the lands, and God guided the people by him and moreto come later on by God's will. We've mentioned for you that when the Israelites were commandedby Moses to enter the holy lands and when they denied to do so they got astrayed in the lands forforty years in four leagues, and when the night used to come over them they all gather to travel sothey go and travel until they reach their desired destination then God orders the earth to rotate andthey all get back to their previous homes that they left travelling, so they stayed like this for fortyyears, and their supplies during these forty years composed of the manna and the quails, and we'vementioned before that most of them died during the Wandering and only few survived, and some ofthe survivors were Joshua ben Nun and Caleb ben Jephunneh the husband of Mary bent Amram thesister of Moses and Aaron that God favoured them with the strong faith, and the heritage of theprophecy was transformed from Moses to his viceroy Joshua ben Nun, and some of them was thestone that was with Moses and used to strike it with his staff so twelve springs would arise from itand each tribe has its own spring. Truth is that the Israelites did not believe in Moses completely,

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otherwise they would have been fighting their enemies with him and obeyed him, but only few didbelieve in him, and it is mentioned that a jew man came to the prince of believers (`Ali ben Abi Tâlib)(PUH) and said: O father of Al-Hasan, you did not have patience after the death of your prophetexcept for twenty five years and then you started to kill each other [the jew man here trying tomock], he (PUH) then answered: true, but your feet were not yet dry of the sea until you said OMoses, Make for us a god even as they have gods, then he (PUH) said: we did not argue about ourprophet but we argued in differences after him, so the prophet of Islam (PUH) had his folks under hiscommand even though they refused his viceroy and his minister `Ali ben Abi Tâlib (PUH), but as forthe Israelites they did refuse their prophet but went along with his viceroy Joshua ben Nun. Asattributed to Ibn-`Abbâs that he said: the Israelites said to Moses after passing the sea: tell us OMoses, by what power and tools shall we reach the holy lands and there are families and women andsick people and elders with you? Moses then said: I do not know any other nation that God made forit the heritage of earth as much as it is for you and God will help you, so they said then: so pray toHim to feed us and let us drink something and shade us against the sun, so then God inspired toMoses: I ordered the sky to rain on them the manna and quails and I ordered the wind to cook thequails for them and I ordered the stones to blow up with water and ordered the clouds to makeshade for them..etc, so when Moses said that to them they believed in him and walked with him tothe holy lands which was Palestine, and we've mentioned before that they stopped advancing anddenied to go there so they kept wandering on earth for forty years in one corner of Sinai's desert,and then they entered there after forty years and they did not go there except by their repentanceand God's forgiveness, and in a speech for Al-`Askari (PUH) about God's saying: Go into this townshipand eat freely of that which is therein, and enter the gate prostrate, and say: "Repentance." We willforgive you your sins and will increase (reward) for the right-doers(Al-Baqarah:58), that the townshipis Arihâ (Jericho), part of the lands of Shem and Palestine, and "enter the gate prostrate" was for theholiness of Muhammad and his viceroy (PUT) for God made an example like them on the gate of thetown and God ordered them to prostrate for their holiness and to renew their covenant aboutbelieving in them and to remember their old covenant as well, and as for "say Repentance" it meanssay that our prostration for God is for the greatness of the example of Muhammad and `Ali and forour believe in their leadership is for the repentance and forgiveness for our sins, and this is had beentold in many speeches as well, But those who did wrong changed the word which had been toldthem for another saying, so they did not prostrate for God and did not say what they were orderedto say, but went into the town in another way other than what it was supposed for them and said: ared wheat to be carried on our back is better for us than what we are ordered to do and say, so Godsaid: and We sent down upon the evil-doers wrath from heaven for their evil-doing(Al-Baqarah:59). Itis mentioned that the wrath that was revealed upon them was the plague, so that in one day onehundred and twenty thousand men died, and they say that the ones that died are known in God'sknowledgement that they are not believers in Muhammad and `Ali and their Household, and it isprobable that He commanded them to prostrate at the gate of Repentance for this reason as Hecommanded the angels to prostrate before Adam as well before, and in both situations it was a testfor His servants and setting holiness for Adam and the end of prophets and his viceroy (PUT), andfrom the speech of Al-`Askari (PUH) about God's saying: And when Moses asked for water for hispeople(Al-Baqarah:60), is that he (Moses) asked for water from God to his people after being thirstyin their wandering, so they went on crying to Moses and said to him: thirst doomed us, so Mosessaid to his Lord: O Lord, by the rights of Muhammad the master of prophets, and by the rights of `Alithe master of viceroys, and by the rights of Fâtimah the lady of all women, and by the rights of Al-

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Hasan the master of leaders and by the rights of Al-Husain the best of martyrs and by the rights oftheir descendants and their viceroys the righteous leaders, water Your servants, then God inspired tohim: O Moses, strike with your staff the stone, and so he did and twelve springs gushed out of it andeach tribe of them had one spring for its ownself so no one would annoy the other with drinkingfrom the springs..etc. As it is attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) in a narration about the Awaited viceroymay our souls be a ransom for him: when the last viceroy (Al-Mahdi PUH) appears in Mecca anddesires to go to Kufa a caller would call: has any one drinks or food? Then he (PUH) will carry withhim the stone of Moses and it is carried by no less than a camel so at every stop he will stop a springwill show up from it, and whoever was hungry will get satsified and whoever was thirsty will drink asmuch as he wants, and it will be for their supplies until he (PUH) reached Kufa, which is thehonorable Najaf now.

The Chieftains and `Iwaj ben `Inâq and what Happened With Them

As Al-Þa`labi mentioned: God promised Moses to make him live with his people in the holy lands,which was the lands of Shem, and there lived also the tyrants, or the giants, the descendants of`Imlâq ben Lâwi (Levi) ben Shem ben Noah [could not find any close record for this names chain], soGod ordered Moses and his people to go the lands of Shem and said to him: O Moses I detined it as aliving place for you so fight against the foes for I will bring victory to you, and take twelve chieftainsfrom your folks, a chieftain from each tribe to take care of the tribe and take their covenants to dowhat they are ordered to do, so Moses then chose the chieftains, one chieftain from each tribe andmade them the rulers of their tribes and so Moses went along with the Israelites..etc, and in thisnarration some exaggerations especially about `Iwaj ben `Inâq and about him being one of the giantsin the lands of Shem [notice that in Torah, it is mentioned the name of Anak, a progenitor of giants,and the name is close to Arabic, and even closer when read in Hebrew, so the story might be aboutone of the children of Anak].

In brief what he mentioned is that when Moses walked with the Israelites towards the lands of Shem(Canaan) he sent spies before him to see the conditions and so he sent the twelve chieftains to spyfor him so one man met them and he was `Iwaj ben `Inâq so he took them all and made them in hiscloth and went to his wife and said to her: look to those people that claim that they want to fightagainst us, and he threw them between her hands and said: shall I crash them with my feet? But hiswife said: no but release them to let them tell their people what they saw, and so he did. They saythat `Iwaj lived for three thousands years until he was killed by Moses ben Amram (PUH), and theysay that the height of Moses was ten cubits and the length of his staff was also ten cubits and hejumped as high as ten cubits and stroke `Iwaj with it (the staff) but he stroke only his foot's top andkilled him and then some of his (Moses') people came and cutt of his head, and when he was killedhe fell upon the Nile of Egypt so he was made as a bridge for a year. his mother was `Inâq, one ofAdam's daughters, and she died during the life of her father Adam, and the narration of Al-Þa`labi islong about this matter, and he mentioned that because of the height of `Iwaj, he used to pick up awhale from the sea and raise it up with his hands and cook it by the sun and then eat it. What theyhave mentioned about his height is unbelievable and it bears no fruit to discuss it. They say thatduring the Flood he came to Noah and said to him: carry me with you in the Ark but Noah refused todo so and that water covered everything on earth and yet it did not exceed his knees. As for thechieftains that Moses sent to the giants in the lands of Shem to spy on them, they got back in safe tohim from their travel and they were absent for forty days and saw strange things and found out that

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there is no human can fight them (the giants) so they decided to keep what they saw of strangethings as a secret and never tell any one of the Israelites or they will never go with Moses to such athing, so they made a covenant with each other that they will keep it as a secret and not tell any oneexcept of Moses and Aaron and they will decide what to do. So they went along and they reachedtheir folks and then got to Moses and told him about what they saw, but then they broke thecovenant and everyone of them started to tell his tribe about what they saw and advises them not togo with Moses to fight the giants, except of Joshua ben Nun and Caleb ben Jephunneh as it was said,and he (Caleb) is the husband of Mary the sister of Moses and Aaron. When the folks head from thechieftains what was scary for them they raised their voices crying and saying: wish if we were dead inthe lands of Egypt and never were out of it and God were not to let us into these lands so that ourfortunes and our women would be a gain for them, then they got ready to get back to Egypt anddenied to go with Moses and said to him that there are giant people there, so Moses said to them:the One that saved you and splitted the sea for you is able to make you win against them, but theydenied to do so and decided to go back to Egypt, so then Joshua and Caleb tore their clothes andsaid to them: go to the giants through the gate and when you go there you will win against them forGod will fullfil his promise to you to let you win against them and we've seen them and tested themand they have weak hearts although their bodies are powerful, so do not be afraid of them and leaveit all for God if you were believers. Then the Israelites desired to throw them with stones and refusedtheir commands and said: O Moses, we will never go in there as long they are there so go with yourLord and fight for we are staying here, so then Moses turned to be so angry and prayed against themand said: My Lord! I have control of none but myself and my brother, so distinguish between us andthe wrong-doing folk(Al-Mâ'idah:25), and he finished praying a cloud appeared on "Qobbat Al-Zomor" [maybe this phrase means "on the crowds"], and God inspired to Moses: until when they willnot believe in you and the miracles? I shall destroy them all and make for you who is mighter andmore in number, so then Moses regretted when he prayed against them and said: O Lord, if Youdestroyed them all people and nations would say that these people are killed because You could notbring them into the holy lands, and You are the Merciful that forgive the sins, so forgive them fortheir sins and do not destroy them, so then God said: I forgave them but I forbade them from goinginto the holy lands except of my servants Joshua and Caleb, and I shall keep them dwelling on earthfor forty years, as much as the number of days they spent spying on the giants, and We shall flip theirdead bodies in these deserts and their children will go into it, and that is God's saying: For this theland will surely be forbidden them for forty years that they will wander in the earth, bewildered. Sogrieve not over the wrongdoing folk(Al-Mâ'idah:26). They were six hundred thousand warriors addedto them the families and women and children, so they were all during these forty years travellinghardly and when night comes they find themselves in the same position that they travelled from.

During that time, the ten chieftains that broke their covenant died, and they died suddenly in adisgusted way during the Wandering, and also died those who exceeded twenty years old of menexcept of Joshua and Caleb, and none of those who said: So go thou and thy Lord and fight! We willsit here(Al-Mâ'idah:24) did enter Jericho. So, when all died and the forty years passed and othergenerations of them appeared, they went to fight the giants and God made the victory for them andwon against them and they lived there after the Wandering. After all these adversities God did say: OChildren of Israel! Remember My favour wherewith I favoured you and how I preferred you to (all)creatures(Al-Baqarah:47). Apparently, the holy phrase points out to the favours of God for theIsraelites during the Wandering and before the Wandering and after the Wandering, for He saved

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them from the evil of the pharaoh and his deeds and got them out of his slavery and destroyed himwith his people, and then after the Wandering He made them rule the lands, and we've talked a lotabout the Wandering for it has lot of stories about it, and to take the sermons out of what happenedto the folks of this story, and all is for God the One, and no strength except by Him.

Revelation of Torah and Worshipping of The Calf and Related Stories

When God sent Moses (PUH) to the pharaoh and his people with miracles like the staff and the hand,and when he did not listen to him and did not accept his advice and called him a crazy man and awizard and so on, God did pour the adversities upon them and sent to them the flood, the locusts,the vermin, the frogs, the blood and the terror, detailed signs to warn them, and that was apunishment for them to let them step back away from their wrong-doing and it was a test for themand a proof to let the living ones live with knowledgement and to let the dying ones die withknowledgement, and the period of time that was given for the pharaoh and his people after sendingMoses and Aaron to him was forty years, and it was the time period of adversities of the Israelitesafter sending Moses and all that time they used to complain to Moses and he used to promise themthe relief and that God will destroy their enemies and let them out of that adversity to the freedomand relaxation, and the time of their adversities was forty years until God got them out of there anddestroyed the pharaoh and his folks. He (Moses) also promised them of a book from their Lord thatincludes all the regulations and sermons and proverbs, so when God released them, He ordered himto come to the appointed day and fast for thirty days, and when it was the last days of fasting hewent to receive the words of his Lord and talk to Him, and when he completed his fasting, hebrushed his teeth with a stick to enhance his mouth breath after fasting, so then God inspired tohim: O Moses, did not you know that the breath of a fasting man is finer for Me rather than themusk, so then God ordered him to fast for another ten days and not to enhance his breath after thatand so he did. It was a promise from God for Moses to give the book after forty nights and so Hegave it to him, so God said: And when We did appoint for Moses forty nights (of solitude), and thenye chose the calf, when he had gone from you, and were wrong-doers(Al-Baqarah:51).

It is mentioned by Al-Baydhâwi and Al-Nasfi and Al-Khateeb and Al-Âlusi that: Moses promised hispeople, the Israelites, when they were in Egypt that if God destroyed the pharaoh, He will bring tothem a book that has regulations for them, so when God destroyed the pharaoh Moses asked Himfor the book and so He ordered him to fast for thirty days which were the month of Ðul-Qi`dah [the11th month of the islamic lunar calendar], so when Moses completed fasting for thirty days he didnot like the breath of his mouth so he did brush his teeth with a stick or ate some plants, so then theangels said: we used to smell the scent of musk from you but you corrupted that with the stick, sothen God ordered him to fast for other ten days of the month of Ðul-Hijjah [the 12th month ofislamic lunar calendar], and this is as God said: And when We did appoint for Moses thirty nights (ofsolitude), and added to them ten, and he completed the whole time appointed by his Lord of fortynights(Al-A`râf:142). Before his going to the appointed day with his Lord he commanded his brotherAaron to be his viceroy over the Israelites and emphasized on watching over their conditions and becautious about them, and warned him against the wrong-doing among them for they wereappointed to worship the One and they are supposed to be bound to the regulations of the religion,and the believers among them knew that already since the beginning of the story of Moses, and theinspiration was revealed upon him from God and Moses used to tell the pharaoh with it when he(the pharaoh) used to ask him, and one of his questions was: and who is your Lord O Moses? And the

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holy quran points out the details of this story as mentioned before. Moses by nature then wasobliged to tell the Israelites and others about the prophets to the creations and he is one of thegreatest of them, and to tell them about the regulations of the religion without a doubt, and he usedfrom time to time to uncover for them some of the secrets and wisdom in some of the regulations inreligions as religious men usually do, and for forty years living between them he is not supposed tobe like silent or busy like other people while he is one of their greatest scholars and advisors, andthose people are not ignored with the presence of Moses, the prophet of God to all the people, soGod did say: And when We gave unto Moses the Scripture and the criterion (of right and wrong), thatye might be led aright(Al-Baqarah:53), so the scripture is the Torah which about the covenant wasmade with them to believe in it and do whatever commandments in there, and the criterion is thedifference between good and evil. It is told that when Torah was revealed over Moses witheverything explained in it and God had gifted it to them, God inspired to Moses: they did believe inwhat was revealed upon them, still the criterion which is what makes the difference between thebeliever and the disbeliever so renew your covenant with them about it, for I promised for Myselfthat I will not accept the faith of anyone or the deeds of anyone except by it, so Moses then said: OLord, and what is that? God said then: O Moses, that is to let them testify that Muhammad is themaster of all prophets and his brother and viceroy `Ali is the best of viceroys and that the rest of hisviceroys are the leaders of the creation and his followers are stars of paradise and the kings of Eden,he (the narrator) said: so Moses had their promise for this and some of them did believe indeed andothers said it by their tongues only, then he (the narrator) said: the criterion is the bright light thatwas shining from the foreheads of those who believed in Muhammad and `Ali and their Householdand their followers, and that was missed in the foreheads of those who said it by the tongue and didnot believe in their hears, and there are lot of narrations with the same meaning, and whoever is indoubt let him check the interpretations of the holy phrases that are related to this subject, and in thechapter of Al-A`râf God did say: He said: O Moses! I have preferred thee above mankind by Mymessages and by My speaking (unto thee). So hold that which I have given thee, and be among thethankful. And We wrote for him, upon the tablets, the lesson to be drawn from all things and theexplanation of all things, then (bade him): Hold it fast; and command thy people (saying): Take thebetter (course made clear) therein. I shall show thee the abode of evil-livers. I shall turn away fromMy revelations those who magnify themselves wrongfully in the earth, and if they see each tokenbelieve it not, and if they see the way of righteousness choose it nor for (their) way, and if they seethe way of error choose if for (their) way. That is because they deny Our revelations and are used todisregard them(Al-A`râf:144-146).

Aaron, although he was a prophet by himself, he was commanded to follow his brother Moses for heis a prophet and a speaker to God, and Aaron did not have regulations except of those which Mosesbrought, and God did talk to Moses without a media like we do talk to each other, but God is not tobe seen by the eyes not in this life and nor in the after-life, and no one of His creation would be ableto see him, for He sees and not to be seen, and He is a Thing not like anything else and everything isunder His command and in His hands, and nothing is to be hidden from Him not in earth nor inheavens, so God is able to found the speech and create it as He can create other creatures and He isnot to be contained in any place, and He is in every where and can speak to whoever is in east and towhoever in west and to whoever in north and to whoever in south all in one time, for He is thecreator of everything and He is with everything and He knows everything. It is attributed to Al-Sâdiq(PUH) that he said: God inspired to Moses (PUH) O Moses, do you know why I chose you and why I

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did speak to you instead of all My creation? He said: no Lord and why is that? God then inspired tohim: O Moses I did search among My servants but I did not find someone like you in humiliationtowards Me, O Moses when you pray to Me you put your cheek on the gound..etc. It is told that thetablets were made of emerald from paradise, and as attributed to the prince of believers (PUH) hesaid that they were of green emerald and God commanded him (Moses) to take them with powerand heart, and take it with its best virtues like patience for good and keeping away from the wrong-doing and patience for adversities and forgiveness and purity and be satisfied with whatever God diddestine for them and keeping on doing the worshippings and leaving the bad deeds and take revengeof God's enemies and fighting them and take revenge of the murderer, and it is resembled in God'ssaying: And follow the better (guidance) of that which is revealed unto you from your Lord..etc(Al-Zomor:55), and God's saying in the previous holy phrase " shall show thee the abode of evil-livers"means the abode of the past nations that did refuse God's commandments so that you can takesermons from them, like the abode of the giants and the pharaohs and the abode of the tyrants thattook over the holy lands, some narrations include that the tablets of Torah, God revealed on Moseswith everything that was and will be to the end of time all explained in details, so when the days ofMoses were over (the forty days) God inspired to him to keep them in a mountain called Zainah andthey were made of paradise's emerald, so when Moses went to the mountain, it did split into twoand then he kept the tablets inside it and they were covered, so when put them there the mountaindid get back to its normal state and they remained there until the prophecy of Muhammad (PUH)when God revealed Gabriel (PUH) down to him so he told him about it so then he (the prophet PUH)got them out looked at them and read them and they were in Hebrew and then he called the princeof believers (PUH) and said to him: keep those for they have the knowledgement of the first and thelast and they are the tablets of Moses and God ordered me to give them to you, until he (thenarrator) said: so `Ali passed one day and he knew everything in it by God's teaching, so then theprophet (PUH) ordered him to copy it and so he did on a piece of skin and it is the Cipher that had allthe knowledgement of the first and last nations, and Al-Sâdiq (PUH) said: and they are with us, andthe tablets are with us and the staff of Moses is with us and we inherited all the prophets.

The clue for what we said is in the Holy talk (of God) that is said to be taken from Torah by the princeof believers (PUH) and he did copy it from the speech of Moses in Hebrew to Arabic and they wereforty chapters from Torah that God did talk about with Moses without any media. It is mentioned inthe interpretations of Abi-Al-Fadhl that Torah was made of one thousand chapters in each one ofthem there were one thousand phrases and each phrase of them was as the length of the chapter ofAl-Baqarah in holy Quran [the chapter of Al-Baqarah is the longest chapter in Quran], and eachphrase has one thousand commands and one thousand forbiddings and one thousand promises andone thousand promises, and the holy speech (of God) is a famous one and can be found in the handsof muslims and whoever asks about it can find it in special bookshops [I personally did not knowwhich holy speech is it because the author did not give any title for this holy speech or talk]. Asattributed to Al-Bâqir (PUH) he said that the rock that kept the tablets of Moses is under a tree in thevalley of `Arafah, and there are some tidings about this matter, and God did say: And of Moses' folkthere is a community who lead with truth and establish justice therewith(Al-A`râf:159), and asattributed to the prince of believers (PUH) he said: the Israelites were divided after (the death of)Moses to seventy one parties and all of them will be in hell except of one for God did say "And ofMoses' folk there is a community who lead with truth and establish justice therewith" and thiscommunity is the nation that will be saved. And Al-Sâdiq (PUH) said about this phrase: so the folk of

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Moses are people of Islam [meaning here that they follow a similar path to Islam] (meaning here thatall of the other folks are doomed). As mentioned by Al-Bâqir (PUH) that he said: this nation of thefolk of Moses live behind the lands of China and between them and China there is a valley of hotsands and they did not change anything and no one has more money than the others, they get rainat night and wake up in the morning to plant, no one can reach them and none of them can reach usand they follow the truthful path. They say that Gabriel (PUH) took the prophet (PUH) to them at thetime of the Night Journey (Al-Mi`râj), and he read for them ten chapter from Quran that wererevealed on him in Mecca and they believed in him, and he ordered them to stay in their place andleave the Sabbath and ordered them to pray and to pay the poor-due (zakât) and there were no moreregulations revealed at that time except of those, and so they did obey, and our mates [meaning theShiites] did say that they will be with out with the last viceroy (PUH). They say also that Ðul-Qarnainsaw them and said: if I was ordered to be with them I would be happy for this. We've mentionedbefore his story with them in detail, and he did ask them lot of things and he announced that he didnot see anyone like them with such faith and justice, and because of what he saw from them he didhave a long conversation with them.

Place of Revelation of Torah

It is mentioned that the place of revelation of the tablets and books of Torah that contained theknowledgement of the first and last nations and the regulations of the religion of Moses was themountain of Sinai, so there speaking to God did exist and there the Torah was revealed, and to thatblessed spot he (Moses) did stay away from his people while he made his brother Aaron to take theleadership over them, and there he fasted for forty years and there he lived while he was fasting as ahumiliating himself towards God and asking for the satisfaction of God, and there he did ask to seeGod as an answer to his chosen chieftains among all of his people and the answer of God was areason to make it knocked down, and Moses fell down in a coma as God did say: My Lord! Show me(Thy Self), that I may gaze upon Thee(Al-A`râf:143), and then God inspired to him: you cannot butlook at the mountain if you saw it knocked down in its place then you will see me, so God thenremoved the veil and look at the mountain so it was knocked down from the base as if it was neverthere. In a narration reported to the Household of the chosen prophet (PUT) they said that theangels came down and opened the gates of heavens so then God inspired to them to take care ofMoses, and it is (the mountain) that God lift up upon the Israelites as a torment to let them accept

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the Torah and that is by God's saying: And when We shook the Mount above them as it were acovering, and they supposed that it was going to fall upon them(Al-A`râf:171).

There are some narrations that we understand from them that the mountains that were knockeddown were seven and they were moved to Hijâz and Yemen and of them were the mountain of Ohodand Warqân nearby Medina and Þawr and Þubair in Mecca and Hawâ in Yemen..etc, and we do notsee any important benefits of discussing this in a long speech and what Quran mentioned is enough,and there are in many occasions and in what was mentioned by the Household in their prays to God,it is understood from them that there are holy places that God did talk to his servant Moses fromother than the mountain of Sinai, and other places also that He showed His signs to His servants likeAbraham and Isaac and Jacob and Moses and others before and after them, and it is obvious in thepray of Al-Samât [a famous pray or ritual for Shiites], and there are places that God showed His signsfor His servants in them but are almost unknown by the scholars and the scientists in our recentdays, and some of them are known like the mosque of Al-Khayf in Minâ [in KSA], so he (`Ali ben AbiTâlib PUH) said: O Lord and I shall ask You by Your Glory that You spoke with with Moses ben Amramin the holy places, upon the sense of Al-Karrubiyeen [Al-Karrubiyeen: people differ in the meaning ofthis word, but most of them said it is the name (plural) for the angels that carry up the Throne], uponthe clouds of light, upon the ark, in the column of fire and in the mountain of Sinai and in themountain of Hureeþ [Hureeþ is close to Horeb the one mentioned in Torah, but as it is interpreted byTorah it is just another name for the mountain of Sinai, but here the prince of believers (PUH) makesa difference between the two], in the holy valley, in the holy spot of the right side of the tree...and inthe gushing out that You made wonders with in the sea of Suf [this name I could not translate to anyother versions by means of Torah]...etc, until he (PUH) says: the one that You showed Yourself by forMoses in the mountain of Sinai...and for Abraham in the mosque of Al-Khayf...and for Isaac in thewell of Shee` (Shebah) and for Jacob in the house of Eel (?)..etc, and by Your Glory that appeared forMoses on the Qubbat Al-Rummân (dome of pomegranates) [I belive the full story is mentioned in theExodus], until he (PUH) says: and by Your light that made the mountain of Sinai knocked down...andby Your face's light that You showed to mountain and made it down and Moses fell senseless...and byYour signs in Sâ`eer (Seir), and Your presence in the mount of Fârân (Paran) in the holy hills...and atthe end the Imam (PUH) says: my Lord by this pray, and by the rights of these names that no oneknows their interpretations save but You...etc. Actually, God showed His prophet (PUH) about thesenames in general to let him know that they do exist and to ask by them for their holiness, and theprophet showed that to his viceroy and the other viceroys of Imams after him to ask the Lord bythese names for their holiness and they (the viceroys) showed these names for the public of muslimsto let them get the benefit as well and only God knows.

In some narrations it is told that Al-Ma'mun, the abbaside caliphate, asked Al-Ridhâ (PUH) about themeaning of God's saying: And when Moses came to Our appointed tryst and his Lord had spokenunto him, he said: My Lord! Show me (Thy Self), that I may gaze upon Thee(Al-A`râf:143), and thequestion was: how come that Moses the prophet of God and he did not know that God is not to beseen to ask for such question? Then Al-Ridhâ (PUH) said in his answer: Moses ben Amram (PUH)knew that God was not to be seen, but when He talked to him and made him closer to Him and hewent back to his people telling them that God talked to him they did not believe in him and said: wewill not believe in you unless we hear Him as well as you, and they were at that time seven hundredthousand, so he chose seventy thousand, and then chose from them seven thousand, and then hechose out of them seventy men to be with him when facing God, so he went out with them to the

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mountain of Sinai and stayed there with them, and then Moses went up to the mountain and askedGod to talk to him and let them hear Him as well, so God talked to him and they heard His voice fromeverywhere around them for God did make it in the tree and made it spread all around them, sothen they said to him (Moses): we will not believe that what we heard was God's voice unless we seeGod, so when they said this great saying God did send a thunder upon them and took them away fortheir wrong-doing and they were destroyed. Then Moses said: O Lord what shall I say for theIsraelites when I get back to them and when they would say that I got them out and killed them for Iwas not truthful in what I claimed? Then God made them alive again and sent them with him, sothey said to him: if you asked God to allow you to see Him He would surely accept and then youwould tell us how He is so we shall know Him better, so then Moses said to them: O folks, God is notto be seen with the eyes but He is known for His miracles and signs, then they said to him: we shallnot believe in you until you ask Him, so then Moses said: O Lord, You heard them and You knowbetter how faithful they are, so then God inspired to him: O Moses ask Me what they did ask you forI shall not charge you for their ignorance, so then Moses said: O Lord, allow me to see You, so thenHe said: you will not be able to see Me but see the mountain if it was knocked down in its place youwill see Me, so when God looked at the mountain it was knocked down and Moses fell downsenseless in a coma, and when he woke up he said: Sanctification be to You, to You I made myrepentance and I am the first of believers..etc, and in the book of Ihtijâj that of Al-Tabarsi it ismentioned that a man came to the prince of believers (PUH) and said to him: O prince of believers,tell me about God, did you see Him when you worshipped Him? He (PUH) answered: I am notsomeone that worships something that he did not see, so the man said: how did you see him Oprince of believers? He (PUH) answsered: woe to you! The eyes did not see Him by means ofsightness, but hearts see Him by means of the facts of the faith, known by clues and called by thesigns, not to be measured by people and not to be felt with the usual senses, so the man left theplace saying: God knows better where to put His message.

In Muruj Al-Ðahab for Al-Mas`udi in the part concerning the stories of Moses, after God haddestroyed the pharaoh, He commanded Moses to get the Israelites out into the deserts (theWandering) and they were six hundred thousand adults added to them non-adults, and the tabletsthat were revealed upon Moses at the mountain of Sinai were made of green emerald and thewritings were made of gold, so then when he got down from the mountain he saw some people fromthe Israelites that were worshipping a calf that they made so he got shocked and the tablets felldown from his hand and got broken and then he gathered it all and put them into the ark and madeit into the temple, and Aaron was a priest and the head of the temple, and God revealed all the Torahon Moses while he was in the Wandering (or Exodus), and God took back the soul of Aaron duringthe Wandering and he was buried in the mountain of Marân in the direction of the mountain of Al-Shirâ' that lies after the mountain of Sinai, and his grave is famous there in a normal cave thatproduces horrible sounds at nights that make everyone scared...until he (the narrator) said: and Godhad revealed on Moses ten books so it was completed to one hundred books [maybe the narratormeans the total books revealed since the days of Adam added to the books of Moses wouldcomplete one hundred books], then God revealed on him the Torah that contained the commandsand what is allowed and what is not and regulations and that was in five books (the pentateuch)[then the author explains the meaning of a word in Arabic which is used for books of Torah in special,but for translation purposes it can not be put here. Book of Torah is called Sifr pl. Asfâr]. What isunderstood from Al-Mas`udi is that the tablets is something different from the books and they are

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different from Torah, and the tablets are what reached the prophet (PUH) and he commanded hisviceroy the prince of believers to copy them and keep them and they are the Cipher that has theknowledgement of the first and last nations and we mentioned that a while ago, and the onehundred books are what God said about in His holy book: Lo! This is in the former scrolls. The Booksof Abraham and Moses(Al-A`lâ:18-19), and the Torah is something else other than these and we hadexplained what was the Torah for, and everything including the prophecial heritages with it (theTorah) and other things are all kept in the hands of the last hidden viceroy the son of Al-`Askiri (PUH)may our souls be a ransom to him, so peace upon him and upon his infallible purified fathers, andmercy of God and His blessings.

Worshipping the Calf

They say that when Moses went away from the Israelites to the appointment of his Lord to reveal theTorah and he made his brother Aaron a leader upon them and he promised them of a book fromGod, so he went along to what he promised and he appointed for them thirty days of absence so hewent away and did not get back as he promised but he delayed that for forty complete days, andthey said that Moses ran away and lied to us and they wanted to kill Aaron and did not accept anyexcuse from him, and then the Satan came to them in a shape of a man and said to them that Mosesran away from you and will never be back so gather your gold so that I shall make for you a god toworship, and the Samarian was one of the first people to cross the sea with Moses and he sawGabriel (PUH) riding a creature that was like a horse and it was called Ramakah, and whenever it putsits hoof on the ground that spot would move, so the Samarian took a look at it and he was one of thebest companions for Moses, so he took some of that sand that was under the hoof of Gabriel's ridingcreature to make it as a bless for him and he wrapped it and used to make pride of it over all theIsraelites and it moving (the sand), so when the Satan came and made the calf for them out of goldhe said to the Samarian: give me the sand that is with you, so he brought it to him and the Satanthrew it inside the calf, and when the sand was thrown inside it turned out to be moving and had asound and had hair on it, so when the Israelites saw him and heard its sounds they prostrated beforeit and they were seventy thousand of the Israelites, and then Aaron said to them: O folks it is a lieand your Lord is God so follow me and obey my command, but they said: we will keep on it untilMoses is back.

Then they wanted to kill Aaron but he got out and stayed away from them until the appointment offorty days of Moses was over, and when it was the tenth day of Ðul-Hijjah, God revealed on Mosesthe tablets that contained what they need of regulations and laws and sermons, then God inspired toMoses (PUH): He said: Lo! We have tried thy folk in thine absence, and As-Samiri hath misledthem(TaHa:85), so Moses then said: O Lord, the calf is made by the Samarian but what about thesounds? He, the Exalted, said then: from Me O Moses, when I saw them neglecting Me andworshipping a calf I decided to increase their ignorance, meaning as a test for them. Then Moseswent back unto his folk, angry and sad. He said: O my people! Hath not your Lord promised you a fairpromise? Did the time appointed then appear too long for you, or did ye wish that wrath from yourLord should come upon you, that ye broke tryst with me?(TaHa:86), then he threw the tablets fromhis hands into the ground and he took the beard of his brother Aaron and took his head pulling himtowards himself and said to him: O Aaron! What held thee back when thou didst see them goneastray, That thou followedst me not? Hast thou then disobeyed my order?(TaHa:92-93), and then he(Aaron) answered: O son of my mother! Clutch not my beard nor my head! I feared lest thou

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shouldst say: Thou hast caused division among the Children of Israel, and hast not waited for myword(TaHa:94). Then the Israelites said to him: We broke not tryst with thee of our own will(TaHa:87)(meaning not by our choice but the Samarian proposed so for us and if we were to be left with ourown will we wouldn't do so), but we were laden with burdens of ornaments of the folk(TaHa:87),meaning their gold, and then we did put inside it the sand that the Samarian brought and he didmake for them a calf with the sound of cows, so Moses then said to him: And what hast thou to say,O Samiri?(TaHa:95), he answered: I perceived what they perceive not, so I seized a handful from thefootsteps of the messenger, and then threw it in. Thus my soul commended to me(TaHa:96), thenMoses took the calf out and burned it with fire and threw it into the sea, and he banished theSamarian out of that land and warned him not to see him again or to make contact with any of theIsraelites, and he said to him: Then go! and lo! in this life it is for thee to say: Touch me not!(TaHa:97), as long as you are alive and the same goes for those on your way and your descendants aswell and it is the mark of difference between you and others, and they say that Moses wanted to killthe Samarian but God inspired to him not to kill him for he is a generous man, and they say his namewas Musâ-Rakân [Musâ = Moses] and he was born out of the frame of marriage, and they say alsothat his descendants did not vanish and still there are some of them in Egypt and the lands of Shemand they worship the calf but they keep it as a secret among themselves and call themselvesmuslims, and their describtion in general is the same of that of the Samarian for at that time they didnot touch anyone and no one touches them.

Then Moses spoke to him and said: Now look upon thy god of which thou hast remained a votary.Verily we will burn it and will scatter its dust over the sea, Your Lord is only Allah, than Whom there isno other lord(TaHa:97-98), and it is mentioned also that God ordered Moses to order the people notto stay with him or sit with him or eat with him to leave him alone, and it is said to him (theSamarian): do not touch us and we shall not touch you as long as you live, and they say that he wentwandering in the wilderness with beasts and lions and never touch anyone and no one touched himand that was God's punishment for him in this life, and when he used to meet someone he wouldsay: no touching! meaning do not touch me or be closer to me and that went along in hisdescendants as well, and it is said that their remains are still saying this upto this very day, and ifsomeone else other than them would touch one of them then both would be sick with fever at thesame time as it is said. And As-Samiri (the Samarian) is named after Sâmir or Shâmir and it is theguradian as it was used at their time in both languages Hebrew and Arabic as it had been said andinvestigated about it, and Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr said: if someone said that the man tricked theIsraelites and took their gold and bought a calf as one of those worshipped in Egypt and brought it tothem and then said to them whatever he had said and they did accept that from him and theythought that the calf is their god and the god of Moses and kept on worshipping it, all of that wouldnot be far away from the meaning of Quran, then he said which is something I do believe in, theSamarian might had tricked them by taking their gold and throwing it into the fire to make themthink that their gold was made into a calf and then he took all the gold for himself as any impostorwould do, and he said also that I see that the story of the Samarian with Gabriel is not true and therewere no Gabriel came down riding a horse-like creature nor the Samarian took some of the sandsfrom under the hoof of that creature..etc, and all of that as you can see are just some imaginationsand the truth is what was brought by the narrations of the Household of the path of truth, and it istestified by the Quran and its symbols with its interpretations that was brought by the Household(PUT): and the people of the house knows better what is inside, read with me may the mercy of God

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be upon you and complete whatever I left for you, God did say telling the story: so I seized a handfulfrom the footsteps of the messenger, and then threw it in. Thus my soul commended tome(TaHa:96), and it is mentioned before what was the meaning of this phrase, and they say that thepunishment of the Samarian in this life was a physical punishment and that is he feels the painwhenever someone touches him and whenever he meets someone and he was afraid that he wouldbe touches he would say: no touch! And in the after-life God will take care of him, and as for the oneswho worshipped the calf from the Israelites their punishment was that God would not accept theirrepentance unless they kill each other.

As mentioned by `Ilm Al-Hudâ Al-Sayid Al-Murtadhâ about God's saying: and he seized his brother bythe head, dragging him toward him..etc(Al-A`râf:50), he said: Aaron did not do something thatdeserves to do such a thing with him like seizing his head or his beard, and the apology of Mosesthen after is not a deed of silly people and not a deed of wisemen full of wisdom, and in generalwhat brought such a conflict into the being is that in what God did say of Moses' deeds with hisbrother anything that points out to a sin done any of them, for Moses came with anger to his peoplefor what they did after him and horrified by their deed although he did not stay away from themexcept of some days not a year nor some months but they did do the worst of things and the mostsilliest deed and the most shameful work, and they changed worshipping the Exalted One, with theworshipping of a created animal, so he took the head of his brother and pulled it towards him aswhen someone does when he is amazed for something horrible and might bite on his lips or on hisfinger or even pulls his own beard, and because Aaron is his partner in this matter and every good orbad would strike one of them would strike the other as well, for this he did with him what a manwould do with himself and he (Aaron) is himself (Moses) and that is not an insult for Aaron and doesnot point out to a sin of Aaron and does not put down his dignity and does not affect the place ofprophercy, and also traditions do change by time and by nations, and we might see something as abad thing but for some people it is a pretty thing, so then Aaron said: Thou hast caused divisionamong the Children of Israel..etc(TaHa:94) and in another location: Son of my mother! Lo! the folkdid judge me weak and almost killed me(Al-A`râf:150), and that was an answer from him to deny thisdeed, meaning do not be angry or mad or sorry, and maybe all of that was said and done by anagreement between the two of them as to show the nation how great is their deed and make themscared. Anyhow, it must be taken as it is although it sounds that it is not an approperiate thing to doas for what mentioned before and assured before that prophets are infallible, and it is said that whenMoses got back to his people and they had worshipped the calf he said to them: O folks, you did awrong deed to yourselves by worshipping the calf so repent towards your Lord and kill yourselves, sothey said to him: how shall we kill ourselves? Then Moses said to them: go to Jerusalem andeveryone of you holding a knife or an iron bar or a sword and when I come upon the rostrum of theIsraelites then you shall be cautious and no one of you shall know the other and kill each other, andthen they gathered and they were seventy thousand men of those who worshipped the calf and theywent to Jerusalem and when Moses prayed with them and he went upon the rostrum, they startedto kill each other until ten thousand men of them were killed and more were injured, and thenGabriel came down by God's commandment and said: O Moses stop the killing for God did forgivethem, and so did Moses order them and told them that God did forgive them and God did say then:That will be best for you with your Creator and He will relent toward you. Lo! He is the Relenting, theMerciful(Al-Baqarah:54) [this previous story might not be accurate since it should have happened in

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Sinai during the Exodus after that God avoided the Israelites to get into the holy lands for forty years,this is what I, the translator, believe].

we've pointed out before that God lifted up the mountain beside them and made it like upon theirheads and they thought that it will fall down on them and that was when Moses brought them theTorah and most of them denied accepting it for they had harsh hearts and so far away from beingbounded by religious regulations, and because as it was said before that the Israelites had quite smallsouls for they got used to the humiliation under the Egyptians' rule, so they do not accept a lawexcept by force, and for this their hearts were melted down into their chests and fear filled theirsouls when they were ordered to fight the giants and they are not good for wars or to be used, andwhen they were ordered to go to the holy lands they said to Moses: So go thou and thy Lord andfight! We will sit here(Al-Mâ'idah:24), and then Moses said complaining to God about the Israelites:My Lord! I have control of none but myself and my brother, so distinguish between us and thewrong-doing folk(Al-Mâ'idah:25)...so the mountain was raised upon the Israelites as we pointed outso that they thought it is falling on them, and Moses then ordered them to take the regulations thathe brought to them with strength and stop complaining about it and to keep it with all their strengthand to bear what they are given and to remember whatever was in these regulations of sayings andworkings. If they did what is required of them then they will face the goodness and avoid the evil andthe bad deeds, but they went away from the covenant after they had made it and so God did say inthe chapter of Al-A`râf: And when We shook the Mount above them as it were a covering, and theysupposed that it was going to fall upon them (and We said): Hold fast that which We have given you,and remember that which is therein, that ye may ward off (evil)(Al-A`râf:171) and then He said:Then, even after that, ye turned away, and if it had not been for the grace of Allah and His mercy yehad been among the losers(Al-Baqarah:64). [then comes some phrases explaining the meaning ofthe Arabic word mentioned about the action of the mount, but contributes nothing to the story].Everyone knew that when they accepted what Moses brought and believed in it the mount wasraised away from them, because looking at miracles makes the faith much stronger and moves thefeelings inside oneself and for this he (Moses) talked to them when they saw such miracles and said:Hold fast that which We have given you..etc(Al-A`râf:171).

Qârun (Korah) and What He Was Given and His End

Korah did have pride with himself over the Israelites for his wealth, and he used to go out with hisfull ornaments to the public to show his pride to the people and most people feared him for theyneeded him. As attributed to Mujâhid and he reported from someone telling the story that he saidthat Korah one day went out one day with all his servants and his men on white horses with purplepaddles and they counted as much as seventy thousand men, and they said: he used to go out withfour thousand knights and with him three thousand white bondmaids that wore jewels and reddishgarments..etc, and it is mentioned in the gospel: the keys for Korah's stores are to be carried withsixty mules and every key is in the size of a finger and every key opens up to a treasure. In generalwhat some people said about Korah is that he was a man of the Israelites that God gave him wealthso much that even his keys were carried hardly by powerful men, so he was a famous man among hispeople and everyone wished to be like him and they saw it was such a great thing, and the wisemenof Korah's people used to advise him and warn him against the end of such pride and pointed out

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that he should leave the denial of God's favours and must thank God for His favours upon him andmust not corrupt in the land and must seek what God prepared for him in the after-life and he mustshow his knowledgement of God's favours by giving to the poor people and must limit his joys towhat is allowed for him, and must not spend his joys on corrupting in the land for that brings thewrath of God and facing God's favours with such corruption is a reason for God to change thesefavours..etc, but he did not listen to any of that and turned a deaf ear towards it and used to sayabout what he had of wealth: I was given all of that because of my wisdom and he did not look at theprevious nations, if he was a wiseman without that pride in his soul that orders him with the wrong-doing, he did not see how God destroyed them while they were of more power and number thanhim and all of that was not useful for them, and those who followed the ornaments of life werejealous of what Korah had of ornaments and they said: Ah, would that we had the like of what hathbeen given unto Korah! Lo! he is lord of rare good fortune(Al-Qasas:79), and the people of mind andwisdom of the believers answered them: Woe unto you! The reward of Allah for him who believethand doeth right is better, and only the steadfast will obtain it(Al-Qasas:80), and his end, for ignoringGod's favours and never been thankful to God, was that God destroyed him with all what he had andmade him taste bitterly the results of his deeds and so the eath swallowed him with his dwelling-place and he could not find someone to help him, and those who wished his place before said: like ifGod gives wealth to anyone He likes, and also God did say: Now Korah was of Moses' folk, but heoppressed them(Al-Qasas:76), and as attributed to Ibn-`Abbâs he said: Korah was made a king overthe Israelites by the pharaoh in Egypt and he used to wrong them, and they say: he was a cousin ofMoses, for Korah was the son of Yas'hur ben Qâhiþ (Kohath) and Moses is the sonf of Amram benKohath, and so Kohath was their grandfather, and it is said also that he was his maternal cousin, andthere is no big difference between the two and only God knows. They say also: what is meant byKorah saying that was told by Quran: I have been given it only on account of knowledge I possess(Al-Qasas:78), meaning that I was raised in level upon people by my wisdom, and it was the wisdom ofreligion and regulations and it is said that it was the wisdom of chemistry (or alchemy) and thewisdom of trading, and some say that he knew about the treasures of Joseph (PUH), and all areprobable, and there is no doubt that he was a smart man and for this he was made a prince over theIsraelites by the pharaoh.

It is mentioned about the reasons for his destruction is that when Moses got out of Egypt with theIsraelites and lived with them in the desert after the destruction of the pharaoh and his folks, he(Moses) ordered them to fight the giants in the lands of Shem (Canaan) and they did not obey himand said to him: So go thou and thy Lord and fight! We will sit here(Al-Mâ'idah:24), and Godcommanded them to enter the land but when they denied so, He forbid it for them for forty yearsand they shall wander on earth, and Korah was one of them and with them and used to read theTorah and no one had a voice better than his and he was called Al-Manun [the word seems to meanin Arabic "one of good voice"] for his good way in reading and he worked with chemistry (oralchemy), so when it got so long for the Israelites they got into the repentance but Korah denied tobe with them, and Moses used to love him so he (Moses) said to him: O Korah, your folks are into therepentance and you are sitting here? Go with them or the punishment will reach you, but Korahmocked at his saying and did not answer his calls, and then Moses went out from him with sadnessand sat in the yard of his (Korah's) castle and he wore a headcover made of hair and two shoes of theskin of an ass, so then Korah ordered to throw at him some ash mixed with water, and when he didso Moses got so mad, and he used to have some hair strings in his shoulder that would come out

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with blood whenever he is angry, so then Moses then said: O Lord, if You did not get angry for methen what shall I be? Then God inspired to him: I ordered the heavens and earth to be with you socommand them with whatever you want. Korah ordered to close the castle's gates so Moses cameand pointed to the gates and they went open and he got inside, so when Korah looked at him heknew that he came with the punishment so he said to him: O Moses I shall ask you by the rights ofthe relationship between you and me to leave me, then Moses said to him: O son of Levi your talkwould not take me back, then Moses said: O earth, take him, so he went inside with his caslte intothe ground and Korah went into the ground to his knees level, so he cried and swore to him by therights of their relationship, so then Moses said: O son of Levi, your talk would not take away whatwas revealed upon you, and then the earth swallowed him with his dwelling-castle and he wasdestroyed. But this previous tale is suspecious and has somethings that are not applicable for thelevel of prophecy and its kindness.

There is another reason for the destruction of Korah and that is Moses appointed Aaron to take careof the altar and the Israelites used to bring the gifts and offerings to Aaron and there were no oneabove Aaron except of Moses, the religious leadership was for Moses and the priesthood was forAaron, and Korah had nothing of that while he was one of the highest people among the Israelites sohe opposed this and said to Moses: you have the prophecy and Aaron had the priesthood and I hadnothing although I read Torah more than you both and I cannot bear this, so Moses answered him ina long speech that means in general that Aaron was given that not by me (Moses) by it is from God,so then Korah said: by God I shall not believe this except by an obvious clue. Here, Moses gatheredthe chieftains of the Israelites and Aaron with them and then Moses asked God to show the virtuesof Aaron and his rights to be in his position so that no one would have greed for his position, andthen lot of miracles occured by him so much that no one ever had to think of having his place insteadand no one of doubt would still has his doubts about Aaron, then Korah said: this is not sowonderous as much as you do with magic, and then he went out in madness and stayed away fromMoses with his followers and they were a lot and Moses started to have some sympathy for himbecause of their relationships while he (Korah) used to hurt him from time to time and everyday hispride would increase and his hate for Moses is increased as well.

Then Korah built a dwelling-place and made its gates of gold and hanged on its walls sheets of gold,and the folks of the Israelites used to sit with him and meet him for he was the richest among themand had lot of men as well and they needed him and he was like a king among them for his wealth,and then God revealed the regulations of poor-giving (Zakat) for people's money so Moses asked himfor it but he denied and Moses made an agreement with him to pay for every one thousand coinsthat he has just one coin, and for every one thousand sheeps just one sheep and for every onethousand things one thing, so he thought of it and noticed his riches but his soul did not allow him toaccept that. Then Korah gathered the Israelites and said to them: Moses commanded you witheverything and you followed him and now he is trying to take your money from you, then they saidto him: you are our master so command us with what you like, so he had nothing to do but becauseof his tyranny he asked for a harlot and made a reward for her composed of one thousand coins, andsome said a golden basin and he promised her to be one of his women and do everything she wantsjust to charge Moses and tell people that he (Moses) had an intercourse with her and she must saythat in front of the Israelites. Then Korah gathered the Israelites and Moses came and started hissermons and said with his sermons: whoever stole his hand shall be cut, and whoever said lies aboutothers he shall be wipped eighty times, and who commited adultery and he has no wife he shall be

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wipped for one hundred times and whoever did it and he has a wife then he shall be thrown withstones until death, and then one said: even if it was you? He answered: yes, then Korah said: theIsraelites claim that you had an intercourse with that woman and she claimed that and she admittedthat in front of all, and then he brought her, and then when Moses looked at her he shouted andmade her swear heavily and warned her and said to her: what are you saying with that disbeliever?do you claim adultery with me? She could not bear it then and admitted the truth and said: Korahasked for me and rewarded me and promised me with gifts just to claim that and God forbid that andyou are the purest of all, and then Korah bent his head down and knew that he is doomed, andMoses fell down prostrating and crying and saying: O Lord, Your enemy hurt me and wanted todefame me, O Lord if I was Your prophet then has Your wrath upon him and make him in my hands,then God inspired to him: raise your head up and command the earth with whatever you want and itshall obey, so then Moses said: O Israelites, God sent me to Korah as He sent me to the pharaoh sowhoever was with him let him be away and whoever is with me let him be with me, so then all thepeople left Korah alone except of two men and then Moses said: O earth take them, and it thenswallowed them to their knees, then he said again: O earth, take them, and it swallowed them to thewaists, and then he called again and it swallowed them to their necks. It is mentioned that Korahwith his folks asked Moses for mercy when they were under the punishment, and Korah asked himby God and by the relationship that were between both of them, and he asked him as much asseventy times but Moses never looked at him for his extreme anger, and then Moses said: O earthtake them away, so the earth swallowed them as well as his dwelling place and his riches as a sign ofthe innocence of Moses against the charges of the Israelites if they said that he (Moses) was greedyfor Korah's fortunes, and all of that is pointed out by the holy phrase in God's saying: O ye whobelieve! Be not as those who slandered Moses, but Allah proved his innocence of that which theyalleged, and he was well esteemed in Allah's sight(Al-Ahzâb:69), and also in God's saying: And(remember) when Moses said unto his people: O my people! Why persecute ye me, when ye wellknow that I am Allah's messenger unto you? So when they went astray Allah sent their hearts astray.And Allah guideth not the evil-living folk(Al-Saf:5).

The Story of the Cow

What is mentioned about the interpretations of the holy phrases concerning this story as attributedto the Household (PUT) is that the cow was for a kid of the Israelites and he was good to his father,and it is mentioned that he had a desired commodity so some people came asking for his commoditywhile it was in his house which was locked and the key was under the head of his father who wassleeping that time so he hated to wake up his father, so when his father woke up and knew the storyhe blamed him and the kid's answer was: I hated to wake you up and disturb your sleeping, so hisfather said with happiness for his kid's goodness: I made this cow for you to compensate you forwhat you lost from not selling your commodity, and then he thanked God for the goodness of his kidtowards him and said blessings for his cow, and in that while there was another event taking placewhich was a great one and that is there was a murdered man of the Israelites that his killer was notknown and to know his killer is not something possible except by a miracle for there were no signs or

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clues, and to kill someone was something extremely horrible for them, and God's will desired thatthe dead man should be stroke with a part of the cow that would be slain and then God will resurrecthim to tell his killer, and God desired that the cow is the one mentioned before.

They say about the reason for the murder is that there was a woman of the Israelites with extremebeauty, and she was engaged to a good man of the Israelites and a scholar and she accepted him,and then his cousin who was an evil-doer knew about it so he went to ask her for engagement butshe refused him, and so then he envied his cousin because she had accepted him instead of him, sohe watched for his cousin and got ready for him and then killed him by chance and carried his bodyto Moses and said to him: O prophet of God, this is my cousin and he was killed, he (Moses) askedhim: who killed him? He answered: I do not know, and killing someone among the Israelites wassomething extremely horrible as we mentioned before, and so Moses saw it something terrifying tosee a killed man, and then the Israelites gathered together with him and asked him: what do youthink O prophet of God? Then Moses ordered them by a commandment from God to slay a cow, andit was supposed that cow in special to show the killer of the man, so when they gathered and criedto Moses he said to them: Lo! Allah commandeth you that ye sacrifice a cow(Al-Baqarah:67), theysaid: are you mocking at us? we brought to you a dead man and you say that we should slay a cow totake a piece of a dead thing and strike with it a dead man so one of the two deads are resurrected,how come? He said to them then: God forbid that I should be among the foolish! How shall I denythe command of God and He commands me and I am His prophet? Then he said: is not the water ofa man is a dead semen and also that of a woman and when both meet God creates out of them botha living human? are not your seeds that you plant in your lands go rotting and dead and God thenmake them alive with His will and let out of them these good ears and also these beautiful trees?And after this speech they were convinced and amazed and accepted what he desired of them andthen they said to him: pray to your Lord to explain for us what kind is she? He answered: Verily she isa cow neither with calf nor immature; (she is) between the two conditions, and then they said tohim: pray to your Lord to explain for us her color, he answered: He says verily she is a yellow cow.Bright is her colour, gladdening beholders, they said: Pray for us unto thy Lord that He make clear tous what (cow) she is. Lo! cows are much alike to us; and Lo! if God wills, we may be led aright, he saidthen: Verily she is a cow unyoked; she plougheth not the soil nor watereth the tilth; whole andwithout mark. It is said then that they did not find any cow with such describtion except of that cowthat was owned by the kid so they asked to buy it from him and so he asked for a price that was asmuch as her skin could behold of gold, so they went back to Moses and told him about whathappened and he said to them: buy her with that price and you must slay that one in special, and sothey did and they slain her and said to him: what shall you command us with O prophet of God, sothen God inspired to him to let them strike some part of her and strike the dead with it and so theytook her tail and stroke the dead with it and said to the dead: who killed you O man? He then said:my cousin killed me who carried me to Moses the prophet of God, and thus when the truth showedup and the killer was known by the clue that could not be denied because it is a truthful testimonythat God made it as He makes the non-living things speak to show the truth by the hands of Hisprophet, and so the man was killed as a punishment and the people got rid of a great anarchy thatthey never did see before, and that is God's saying: And We said: Smite him with some of it. ThusAllah bringeth the dead to life and showeth you His portents so that ye may understand(Al-Baqarah:73). In another narration it is that there was an old man among the Israelites who had richesand fortune, and he did not have anyone to inherit him except of one son, so then the kid's cousins

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killed him for they were greedy for the money of his father, and after killing him they threw his bodyat the gate of the town far away from their place to make the charge far away from themselves, andthen they came asking for revenge for his blood, so God then ordered them to slay a cow and strikehim with some of her so he will be resurrected and tell them who is the killer, and in a speech it issaid that if they just took any cow then it would be enough for them but they made it long by askingso much questions so God then made it harder for them by telling more charactersitics for this cow.They say that the kid said to Moses: O prophet of God, how shall I keep these riches and how shall Ibe aware against an enemy that would take them and an envier that would envy me for it? Heanswered him: say upon them what you used to say before you have them for the One who gave it toyou with your true belief before shall keep them for you then after, and his (the kid's) deed was thathe used to say the pray for the prophet Muhammad and his Household (PUT), and he kept on sayingit so that any envier would try to envy the kid God would keep him away from the kid's money.

In the interpretation of the prince of believers (PUH) that he said: the dead man who wasresurrected asked God then after by Muhammad and his Household (PUT) to stay in this life andenjoy life with his cousin (he wanted to marry) and defeat his enemies and be given fortunes inabundance, so God gave him that life with his full senses, so he enjoyed the life with his cousin andnever departed from one another and they died together and had been in paradise together asgifted couples..etc, and in a copy for the interpretation of Al-`Askari (PUH): the folks of the cow whobought it and asked for revenge and lost lot of money to buy her went to Moses crying and said: weare sent poor again and the rest of the tribe and we made astray for our doubts, so Moses thenguided them to ask God by the prophet (PUH) and his Household (PUT), so when they did that withpure hearts and true faith, God then inspired to Moses: let their chiefs go to ruined house of thatman (a man among them) and let them dig in that specific location and get out whatever money isthere and they will find there ten thousand dinars (coins), so they will gain again whatever they lostafter buying the cow so that their conditions would get back to what it was before buying the cow,and then they shall divide the surplus of the money among them and it was five thousand dinarsaccording to the amount of money that each one of them had paid. As a result their riches increasedand been rich because they asked God by the prophet and his Household and they thought that theyare better than all the nations, and God said: Then, even after that, your hearts were hardened andbecame as rocks, or worse than rocks, for hardness. For indeed there are rocks from out which riversgush, and indeed there are rocks which split asunder so that water floweth from them. And indeedthere are rocks which fall down for the fear of Allah. Allah is not unaware of what ye do(Al-Baqarah:74). So, their hearts were hardened and were out of mercy and goodness after they werefull of passion and faith and that was when they saw the miracles by the bless of the existance ofMoses and the light of prophecy and the virtue of mentioning the name of Muhammad and hisHousehold (PUT) and believing in them and in their secret that is within every prophet andmessanger, so peace of God upon them all.

Some people of philosophy said some good opinions about this matter and that is the case of thecow and telling the story in Quran was to show how much the Israelites were stubborn and harshand slow to obey the commandments of God, and the purpose was not to show the conditions of thestory and the regulations involved and not to show the wisdom of ordering them to slay a cow, butthe purpose was to show us some of their harshness and their bad conditions and habits and it hadno connection to any other stories before or after it, and the one after it is: And (remember) when yeslew a man and disagreed concerning it and Allah brought forth that which ye were hiding(Al-

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Baqarah:72), and this is mentioned to show a special way in treating a problem that the Israelitesnever thought of or anyone else would think of and that is giving a law to know the murderer, thenhe (the narrator) explained what he claimed by saying: what I understood from the first story is thatthe Israelites had an incident that they were buffled about it and that is there was a killed a man andhis killer is now known and lot of people were under the charge, and they went to Moses and heanswered them that God orders you to slay a cow, so they were amazed for his request and said: doyou mock at us? Then he explained the event in details and he (Moses) wanted to apply the law overwhoever is the doner by admitting or by clues, and since he had nothing of that for they were sostubborn he ordered them to buy the cow and they slain her and stroke his body (the dead) withsome of her flesh, so God resurrected him and he told who is the killer and he was punished (thekiller), then he (the narrator) said: and the second story which is about God's saying: And(remember) when ye slew a man and disagreed concerning it and Allah brought forth that which yewere hiding(Al-Baqarah:72), it was about a man who was found dead in his home or his place or diedin a battle between two groups of people and his killer was not known and no one admitted hiscrime and the killer could not be found and everyone is charging the other for killing him, so then he(Moses) started to do what was mentioned before to give a way to know by reason the killer and thatGod wants to give the judges and rulers a way to know the killer among the charged persons, andthis opinion is supported according to him by God's saying: And (remember) when ye slew a man anddisagreed concerning it..etc(Al-Baqarah:72), as if God wants to let out of their hearts and souls whatthey kept a secret by signs of changes in the person himself like getting yellow or nervous or by hismovements and the change of his looks or by his happiness and sadness and crying. The direct is tostrike the charged man with the leg of the dead man or with his hand as to make a contact with thebody so might be there some changes that would make him admit his crime or at least to be ofstrong doubt about him so that he would be put in prison until he admits his crime and to tell abouthis companions in the crime, or he might show a sign like shaking and by this he shall be known as heis the killer indeed and no one else. The he (the narrator) said: this thing is because of the nature ofthe psychological habits and the inner mind of the human being, then he (the narrator) began to giveexamples from tales and stories that were so long and there are many analyses and philosophies andpractical means that are done by men of investigations and rulers..etc, and the benefit differs by theperson and his intellegence. If killing was for revenge for honor then the reaction would be acombination of happiness and fear and otherwise it would be something opposite to this and so on.He (the narrator) brought the clue about the independence of the two stories (the cow and the deadman) in the two holy phrases by saying: if we looked into the previous stories that God did mentionin this chapter (Al-Baqarah), and all of them are related to the Israelites, we would find that each oneof them is independent to the one before and to the one after and starting with "and when" so Goddid say: And (remember) when We did deliver you from Pharaoh's folk(Al-A`râf:141), And when Webrought you through the sea and rescued you(Al-Baqarah:50), And when We did appoint for Mosesforty nights(Al-Baqarah:51), And when We gave unto Moses the Scripture(Al-Baqarah:53), And whenMoses said unto his people: O my people! Ye have wronged yourselves(Al-Baqarah:54), And when yesaid: O Moses! We will not believe in thee till we see Allah plainly(Al-Baqarah:55), And when Wesaid: Go into this township(Al-Baqarah:58), And when Moses asked for water for his people(Al-Baqarah:60), And when ye said: O Moses! We are weary of one kind of food(Al-Baqarah:61), And(remember, O Children of Israel) when We made a covenant with you and caused the mount totower above you(Al-Baqarah:63), And when Moses said unto his people: Lo! Allah commandeth youthat ye sacrifice a cow(Al-Baqarah:67), And (remember) when ye slew a man and disagreed

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concerning it(Al-Baqarah:72), then he (the narrator) said: this continuous style that did not changemakes the matter of the killing and the disagreement about it is something independent of the otherstories before..etc. This is the end of what Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr did say in his tales.

So we say you did fine and good with what you learned about the last holy phrase: And (remember)when ye slew a man and disagreed concerning it(Al-Baqarah:72), and it is an acceptablemanipulation and conclusion that people of art see as the right thing, and we do not see anyprohibition in looking for benefits from the holy phrases of the Quran and most of theknowledgement is taken from Quran, and all the groups of muslims take what they see as a creed forthemselves from Quran, and it is mentioned that Quran has boundries and there boundries over theboundries, and it has seventy seven layers of secrets and it has the strangest and the weirdest, andthere are phrases that has no similar in it and others are similar to each other, and theinterpretations for both types is not known except by God and those who are into the deepest ofknowledge. But it is apparent that those who are into the deepest of knowledge are those whoQuran was revealed upon and in their houses and they are the prophet (PUH) who was sent with itto all the creations of thought, and also his viceroys and the leaders after him and God appointedthem to save the religion and he is the prince of believers, `Ali ben Abi Tâlib (PUH) and he is the onethat had the place of the prince of believers and it is only called for him, but it is used to denoteothers because of the sutbborness, and also whoever came after him of his infallibe children, and thefirst of them is Al-Hasan, and the last of them is the awaited viceroy and the son of Al-`Askari (PUH)may peace be upon them all. God did say: And whatsoever the messenger giveth you, take it. Andwhatsoever he forbiddeth, abstain (from it)(Al-Hashr:7), so the dependence after the prophet (PUH)must be upon them (the viceroys) to save the regulations of the islamic religion and to solve itsproblems, and they are the people of Quran and the people of the prophecy, and the people of thehouse knows better what is inside, and peace for him who follows the path of guidance and fearedthe punishments of God, and God is the One that shall take care of us.

Moses Choosing Seventy Men for God's Appointed Tryst

It is mentioned before the story of the calf and its worshippers from the folks of Moses while hewent away in an appointment with God to get the Torah and he came back to them and the tabletswere in his hands and when he saw that they were worshipping the calf, he threw the tablets andsome of them got broken and when Moses came calm he took the tablets and blamed his brotherAaron and he wanted to kill the Samarian but the will of God decided that he (the Samarian) shouldstay alive, so he banished him out and exiled him and the speech about it was mentioned in details,as for those who followed the Samarian and they were seventy thousand from his people as somesaid, they all turned in penitence and they were part of a total of seven hundred thousand of thepeople of Moses from the Israelites. When he wanted to get back to the mountain of Sinai toworship God there, his people asked him to hear the speech of God as he does, and since it is notpossible that all shall come with him he chose only seventy men of them and they were consideredthe best for he chose seventy thousand out of seven hundred thousand, and then he picked seventhousand out of them, and so on until it reached only seventy men of their most faithful men, sothey went with him and he made them sit at the foot of the mountain and he went up over the

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mountain, so when God talked to him after he requested that God let them hear Him as he does,God then dedicated His speech towards them and they heard it from every direction, from top andbottom and right and left and front and back, and when they heard that they got confused and theirminds went out of control and they did not believe that this voice they heard was truely for Godexcept of those most faithful of them for they did not doubt about what happened and it is indeedthe speech of God, and most of them did not believe that it was the voice of God indeed and eventhey went back to Moses asking him to show them God as they do see each other and talk to themand God is Exalted for such things, and they asked that so that no doubt remains in themselves butMoses denied that and blamed them and told them that God is not to be seen not in this life nor inthe after-life but his words were useless for them and they said to him: God then is able to show usHimself for He is able to do anything He desires, and for this request the lightning seized them whilethey were gazing. They say also that when they insisted with their request and did not accept theexcuse of Moses, God showed some of His light to the mountain and it turned to ruins so they allturned shocked and dead, and then God resurrected them after the prays of Moses and his requestsfor forgiveness towards them, so God forgave them and resurrected them by His mercy and power,and God destined the mercy for the faithful, those who give the poor and do the prayings andbelieve in the miracles of God and never rebel or oppose the commandments of God and Hisprophet after being into the belief as it is the way of the truely faithful men of the folk of Moses, andthey are those who will follow the prophet who can neither read or write, who is from Mecca, thatcomes after him (Moses), whom they will find described in the Torah and the Gospel, and he isdescribed for them as: He will enjoin on them that which is right and forbid them that which iswrong. He will make lawful for them all good things and prohibit for them only the foul; and he willrelieve them of their burden and the fetters that they used to wear(Al-A`râf:157).

What is understood from God's saying: He said: I smite with My punishment whom I will, and Mymercy embraceth all things, therefore I shall ordain it for those who ward off (evil) and pay the poor-due, and those who believe Our revelations; Those who follow the messenger, the Prophet who canneither read nor write..etc(Al-A`râf:156-157), is that giving notice about Muhammad (PUH) and hisHousehold and that was when talking to Moses before their appearance for more than one thousandand five hundred years, and God is blaming the people of Moses of the Israelites and showing themalong with others that He has servants not like the people of Moses in their harshness and tyranny,but they are people of dignity that obey His commandments and believe in God and His revelationswithout complaining, and they are the believers in Muhammad and the Household of Muhammad(PUT) and they are His special and they are the people of faith and they are those who are tested byGod for their faith, so they are their (the prophet and his Household) beloved and they are thepeople that are loyal to them and they are the saved group that hold into the straight path, and theyare the ones that God will show them for every prophet and viceroy and all the angels in pride, andno deeds for any male or female is to be accepted except by the loyality to Muhammad and hisHousehold (PUT).

This is the truth that is held by people of wisdom in every nation and this is what is believed by thescholars of the righteous people of muslims, so the prophecy of Muhammad and his message and hisname with his Household, Al-Zahrâ' (Fatimâ) and Al-Murtadhâ (`Ali) and Shubbar (Al-Hasan) andShubayr (Al-Husain) with their grandfather the prophet (PUH), all are mentioned and described andthe loyality towards them is assigned in Torah inspirte of whatever changes occured to it, and whatwe had mentioned is already mentioned in some positions in Torah in Hebrew in the stories of

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Moses, notice it and you will find it. So on it is the situation with the rest of the books of prophets,for it had contained their names and telling about them and mentioning the land that the prophet(PUH) will be out from and travel out from it and the land of his end, this is some of what wasmentioned by the faithful scholars, and more to come by God's will later on, and there is no strengthexcept by Him, the Exalted, the High.

Al-Khidhr and Moses (PUT)

Al-Khidhr is the scholar and the faithful man that was appointed by Quran [please refer to thechapter of Al-Kahf:65] and the most famous saying is that his name was Elias (Elijah) ben Milkân ben`Âmir ben Arfakhshad ben Shem ben Noah (PUH)[most probably this is the ancestry as in Torah: benJoktan ben Eber ben Arpachshad ben Shem ben Noah, but the name Shelah is not mentioned in theArabic version so it is not mentioned here in this notation], this is the most famous ancestry ascopied from our scholars, and some said his name is Khidhrawaih ben Qâbil (Cain) ben Adam, andsome said his name is Khadhrun, and there are other sayings, it is said that he was called Al-Khidhrbecause because whenever he used to sit on a plain ground then this piece of earth would shake andturn green [Arabic: Green = Akhdhar] as it was mentioned, and he was at the head of the army ofÐul-Qarnain when he entered into the darkness and drank of the water of life, and Ðul-Qarnain wasseeking that spring, and when he knew that he drank of it he said to him: you are its owner and yourlife will span until the doomsday, and the speech about this is mentioned before in the chapter ofÐul-Qarnain, and some say he is one of the prophets, and some said that he is a prophet and amessanger, and others said that he is a viceroy but not a prophet, and the last opinion is the onemostly famous for the public, and about his father they said he is Adam, and others said he is the sonof the pharaoh, and the son of Esau ben Isaac, and the son of Kilyân, and the son of Milkân and thelast one is the most famous. As it is mentioned by Al-Bukhâri that he denies that he (Al-Khidhr) is stillalive, and also by Muslim, and they brought the clue for his death from a prophetic narration (by theprophet PUH), and one scholar was asked about this matter so he mentioned God's saying: Weappointed immortality for no mortal before thee(Al-Anbiyâ':34), and as attributed to Ibn Taymiyah hesaid: if Al-Khidhr was alive then he should had come to the prophet (PUH) and fight under hiscommand and learn from him. And as attributed to Ibrâhim Al-Harbi about this matter, he had a longtalk that points out that it is impossible that he is still alive and that nothing did make the peoplebelieve in that except of the devil. Lot of scholars of the public believe that he is dead and maybe thismatter is not something to discuss with other muslims. But as attributed to our Imam, Al-Ridhâ(PUH) that he said: when the prophet (PUH) died, Al-Khidhr came and stood at the door of the houseand there were `Ali and Fâtimah and Al-Hasan and Al-Husain (PUT) all are inside and the prophet waslaid down with a cloth over him, and he said: peace upon you O people of the house, every soul willtaste the death and your rewards will be fulfilled at the doomsday, God had made descendants forevery dead and a sympathy for every adversity and a chance with everything that passes by, sodepend on Him and trust Him and I shall ask for forgiveness from God for me and for you, so thenthe prince of believers (PUH) said: this is my brother Al-Khidhr came to have sympathy with you foryour prophet.

The pray of Kumail [a famous pray for Shiites, usually read every Thursday at night, and it is full ofself-humiliation towards God] the well-known in the books of prays and it is the one that the princeof believers (PUH) taught to Kumail ben Ziyâd is actually for Al-Khidhr (PUH), and in the books ofprays it is mentioned that this pray is originally was for Al-Khidhr, as it is one of natural things,

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although it is not necessary that he was there at that time but they all do understand that from thesaying of the prince of believers (PUH): it is the pray of my brother Al-Khidhr, and it is well known forthem that the pray of visiting the prince of believers at the day of his death, the twenty first ofRamadhan is also for Al-Khidhr. It is mentioned that at the day that the prince of believers (PUH) haddied, a man with fine looks and a white beard came to the house of the prince of believers in Kufaand got his head from the door looking at those who were sitting inside and the people weregathering around Al-Hasan (PUH) and he spoke these words as a sympathy for Al-Hasan and hisbrother Al-Husain (PUT) for the death of their father, so he said: may God has mercy upon you Ofather of Al-Hasan, you were the first to be a muslim and the purist in faith, and the most confident,and fearing God the most, ... and it is a long talk that is used to visit the prince of believers in that dayof each year, and some of it is that: you were his (the prophet) viceroy truely with no arguments anddid not care about the claims of hypocrites and the anger of the disbelievers and the hate of enviersand the hate of the wrong-doers, and also from it: you were, by God, the bee of the religion, youwere for the disbelievers a torture and for the believers a fort, and you went so far away, and madepeople after you so tired. All of that carry the clues that it is a speech of a holy person that knowsbetter the value of the prince of believers, check it back in references such as those for Al-Kaf`umiand Al-Mazâr Al-Kabeer and so on, and there is no need to discuss longer for what there is no doubtabout, about the existance of Al-Khidhr (PUH) until this very day, add to that that there are manyspeeches and narrations that mention that Al-Khidhr will be out one day with the last viceroy (Al-Mahdi) and be one of his soldiers, may our souls be a ransom for him, and may peace be upon themand mercy of God and His blessings, so let us back to our subject may God make success for us.

God did say: And when Moses said unto his servant: I will not give up until I reach the point wherethe two rivers meet, though I march on for ages. And when they reached the point where the twomet, they forgot their fish, and it took its way into the waters, being free. And when they had gonefurther, he said unto his servant: Bring us our breakfast. Verily we have found fatigue in this ourjourney. He said: Didst thou see, when we took refuge on the rock, and I forgot the fish - and nonebut Satan caused me to forget to mention it - it took its way into the waters by a marvel. He said: Thisis that which we have been seeking. So they retraced their steps again. Then found they one of Ourslaves, unto whom We had given mercy from Us, and had taught him knowledge from Our presence.Moses said unto him: May I follow thee, to the end that thou mayst teach me right conduct of thatwhich thou hast been taught? He said: Lo! thou canst not bear with me..etc(Al-Kahf:60-67), so onwith phrases from the chapter of Al-Kahf. As it is mentioned by Al-Bâqir (PUH): the servant is Joshua(Jeshua) ben Nun, and it is said that he is Joshua ben Nun ben Ephraim ben Joseph (PUH), and heused to be with Moses all the time and never leave him and serve him and for this he was called hisservant, and the point where the two rivers meet [notice that in Arabic the word used is two seasand not two rivers, but this is how Pickthall's translation goes] is most apparently the point ofmeeting of the seas of Rum and Fâris (Romans and Persia) [this sea of Rum or the Romans is knownto be the Midterranean and this is how ancient Arabs used to call it, but Sea of Persia is notapparent, but seems it is more closer to be the Black Sea] and it is the place that Moses waspromised to meet Al-Khidhr in. [then comes phrases explaining words in Arabic that were used in theprevious mentioned phrases. Not included here for the style of translation].

In narrations it is told that when the prophet (PUH) told Quraysh [Quraysh is the main tribe in Mecca]about the story of the people of the cave [people of the cave are the seven sleepers of Ephesus inthe christian version of the story, and the chapter of the Al-Kahf in Quran was named mainly after

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their story. Al-Kahf means The Cave], they asked him: tell us about the scholar that Moses wasordered by God to follow him and what is his story? He answered them: the reason for this is thatwhen God talked to Moses and revealed the tablets for him and in them what God did say about:And We wrote for him, upon the tablets, the lesson to be drawn from all things and the explanationof all things(Al-A`râf:145), and then he got back to his people, the Israelites, and told them that Godrevealed upon him the Torah and talked to him, then he said to himself: God did not create someonethat knows better than me, so then God inspired to Gabriel: rescue Moses he is to be doomed, andtell him that there where the two seas meet at the rock, there is a man that knows better than youso go to him and learn from him, so Gabriel came down to Moses and told him that so Moses thenhumiliated himself and knew that he was wrong and he got scared and said to his viceroy Joshua:God had ordered me to follow a man at the point where the two seas meet and to learn from him, soJoshua took a salted whale (fish) and they went out and when they reached that point they saw aman lying down on his back but they did not know him, so Moses' viceroy took out the whale andwahsed it with water and put it on the rock and they went along and forgot about it, and that waterwas the water of life so the whale got alive again and went into the water, and Moses with Joshuawalked on until they got tired and Moses then said to Joshua: prepare our lunch [in Pickthall'stranslation it is mentioned to be a breakfast, but yet in Arabic the word used is the one used for"lunch"] we got tired of this travelling, so Joshua remembered the fish and what happened to it so hesaid to Moses: I've forgot the fish at that rock, so Moses then said: that man we saw at that rock, heis the one we desire, so they traced back their traces and found the man busy with praying, so Mosessat down until he finished his praying and greeted him. In a speech attributed to Al-Ridhâ (PUH) hesaid: Moses came to the scholar in an island while he was sitting there, so Moses greeted him and hesaid to him: who are you? He answered: I am Moses ben Amram that God spoke to, he replied: andwhat is your need? He answered: I came to you to teach me some of what you know, then the mansaid: I was appointed for something that you cannot bear, and then the scholar started to tell himabout the adversities of the Household of Muhammad (PUT) until they both cried loudly, and thenhe talked to him about the virtues of the Household of Muhammad (PUT) which made Moses say:wish if I was one of the Household of Muhammad (PUT), and he mentioned to him some of theadversities and wrong that will strike them after the death of the prophet (PUH), and he mentionedfor him what the prophet will face from his people, until he interpreted for him the meaning of theholy phrase: We confound their hearts and their eyes. As they believed not therein at the first(Al-An`âm:110) [some words come after but I did not understand or translate them!].

In that same speech it is mentioned that Moses said: May I follow thee, to the end that thou maystteach me right conduct of that which thou hast been taught? So Al-Khidhr answered: Lo! thou canstnot bear with me, How canst thou bear with that whereof thou canst not compass any knowledge?Moses then answered: God willing, thou shalt find me patient and I shall not in aught gainsay thee,then Al-Khidhr said: Well, if thou go with me, ask me not concerning aught till I myself make mentionof it unto thee, meaning do not ask me about anything until I explain it to you, and Moses said: yes,so then the three of them went to the seashore, and a ship that was there was ready to leave, so themasters of the ship said: we shall carry those faithful people, and so they did, and when the ship wasinto the sea, Al-Khidhr went to the side of the ship and broke some of it and put on it some mud andclothes, and then Moses came so angry and said to Al-Khidhr: Hast thou made a hole therein todrown the folk thereof? Thou verily hast done a dreadful thing, so Al-Khidhr then said: Did I not tellthee that thou couldst not bear with me? Then Moses said: Be not wroth with me that I forgot, and

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be not hard upon me for my fault, and then they went out of the ship and Al-Khidhr saw a kid thatwas playing with other kids and he was of a fine face like a moon, so Al-Khidhr meditated a while athim and then he took him and killed him, and then Moses changed and been angry and said to him:What! Hast thou slain an innocent soul who hath slain no man? Verily thou hast done a horrid thing,and Al-Khidhr said: Did I not tell thee that thou couldst not bear with me? Moses then said: If I askthee after this concerning aught, keep not company with me. Thou hast received an excuse from me,so they went along until they reached a village called Al-Nâsirah (Nazareth) for which the christiansare named after [Arabic: Nasârâ = Christians, an adjective in plural form for Nâsrani meaning "one ofNazareth" or Christian in general], but they did not welcome them and did not apply hospitalitytowards them, so then Al-Khidhr looked at a wall that was inclined and moved from his position andalmost ruined, so then Al-Khidhr put his hand on it and said to it: get up by God's permission, so hefixed it, and then Moses said: if you want you can take a reward for this, you shouldn't have fixed thiswall until they do us hospitality, and then Al-Khidhr said: This is the parting between thee and me! Iwill announce unto thee the interpretation of that thou couldst not bear with patience, as for theship that I did break some of it it was for poor people that make a living by it so I wanted to makesome damage in it because there is a king that takes every ship by force, but if the ship had somedamages he does not will to take it, and as for the kid, his parents were faithful people and we areafraid that he will make them tired with his tyranny so we desired that God give them instead afaithful offspring, and as for the wall it belongs to two orphans in the town and there is a treasurethat was buried under that wall that belongs to them, and their father was a faithful man so yourLord wanted them to be adult and get that treasure out for themselves, this is the interpretation ofwhat you could not bear. They say that Moses asked his Lord: who of Your servants knows best? Hesaid: the one who seeks the wisdom of people to add to his wisdom so that he may find a word ofguidance or a word that prevents his doom, then he said: if there are one of Your servants thatknows better than I do guide me to him, then God answered: A-Khidhr knows better than you, heasked: how can I find him? God answered: on the seashore at the rock, he asked: how shall I findhim? God answered: take a fish with you and wherever you lose it then there you will find him, sothen Moses said to his servant: if you lost the fish tell me then, so they went on walking and whenthey reached the point of meeting of the two seas they forgot their fish and Moses forgot to askabout it and Joshua forgot to talk about it and tell Moses how the fish turned alive again..etc, andothers say that Moses was asked: is there someone that knows better than you? He answered: no, sothen God inspired to him: We do have someone that knows better than you, then he asked: who ishe? Then God said to him: Al-Khidhr, and he is at the point of meeting of the two seas. It ismentioned that Joshua washed out from the spring of life and when he did so the water went outgushing towards him and the fish jumped off and took its way to the sea, and when they crossed thetwo seas he (Moses) said to his servant: prepare our lunch...etc and so on. As for Moses being aprophet that does not mean that he needs not to be taught by someone else, even though he is aman of a religion that was revealed upon him and this is so as long it is not a condition assigned inreligion, for the prophet must know better in the religion and the regulations of the religion morethan his people and not to necessarily to have the ultimate wisdom as it is mentioned ininterpretations, and the knowledge of crafts and industries are not proposed for the prophet and heis not asked to know them the best, notice. It is possible to be said: Al-Khidhr was a prophet amongthe prophets and the prophets differ in the degree of their wisdom and this is not a shame and not acurse for his value. About God's saying: and there was beneath it a treasure belonging to

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them..etc(Al-Kahf:82), it is mentioned that the treasure mentioned here is not made of gold norsilver but it was made of a tablet of gold and this was written on it:

Strange how happy could he be who was sure of death

Strange how sad could he be who believed in destiny

Strange how wrong could he be who knew that resurrection is true

Strange how safe could he feel who see how life changes with its people

And they say there are another four lines and they are:

I Am Allah no other god save but Me and Muhammad is My prophet

Surprised I Am for who has joy of heart and yet he is sure of death

Surprised I Am for who laughs and yet he is sure of the judgement day

Surprised I Am for who seeks not his fortune and yet he believed in destiny

Surprised I Am for who sees the first resurrection how shall yet he denies the last resurrection

[those are five though and not four but this is what is mentioned].

As attrbitued to Al-Sâdiq (PUH): when Moses ben Amram wanted to leave Al-Khidhr he said to him:advise me, so of what he advised him was this: becareful of being into importunity or to walkwithout a need, or to laugh without wondering, and remember your sins and do not talk aboutpeople's sins..etc, and we talked a lot about them so far and left so much of their conditions fearingthe boredom and missing the most important facts, and God brings success.

Moses' Soliloquy With His Lord

I will not be able as long as I live to mention how much did Moses commune with his Lord but thepurpose here is to show some of that light, so if you understood some of these sermons andmeasured them with the scale of the mind with what our prophet (PUH) came with, with his lightfulQuran, and with what Islam had provided you with what the caller for his religion after him (theprophet) and in special the master of viceroys (`Ali ben Abi Tâlib), you shall found them both as twinsor two roads for one destination or like a soul in two bodies, and you shall know that all the prophetsand messangers and their viceroys do all agree on calling to the true path. As attributed to Ibn`Abbâs he said: said the prophet of God (PUH): God communed with Moses ben Amram with onehundred and twenty four thousand words in three days and nights and Moses did not eat or drink,and when he went out to the Israelites and he heard the speech of the human beings he hated themfor the sweetness he heard in the words of God. As attributed to the prince of believers (PUH) thathe said: God said to Moses: My advice to you comes in four things, first of them is as long you do notsee your sins forgiven then do not work the sins of others, and the second of them is as long you do

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not see My treasures been finished then do not be sad for what fortune you had, and the third ofthem is as long you do not see My kingdom vanish then do not seek someone else, and the fourth ofthem is as long you do not see the devil dead then do not be in safe towards his tricks. As attributedto Al-Sâdiq (PUH): some of what God did say to Moses is that: O son of Amram, lied he who claimedto love Me and when night comes he slept away from Me, does not every lover likes to be alone withhis love? Here I Am O son of Amram watching for My lovers when night comes I flip their sights fromtheir hearts toward Me and showed them My punishment between their eyes and they talk to Meabout what they see and their presence, O son of Amram give Me from your heart the solemnity andfrom your body the submission and from your eyes the tears at the darkness of the nights then youshall find Me nearby answering you. As attributed to Al-Hâdi (PUH): when God talked to Moses,Moses asked: O my Lord, what is the reward of who believed that I am Your prophet and You spoketo me? He answered: O Moses, My angels shall come to him and bring him the tidings of paradise,then Moses asked: O my Lord, what is the reward of he who stands between Your hands praying, Hesaid: O Moses I make pride of him among My angels while he is bowing down and prostrating, whilehe is standing or sitting and whoever I show pride of shall never be punished by Me, then Mosesasked: O my Lord, what is the reward of he who feeds a poor for Your sake, He said: O Moses, I shallcommand one to call at the doomsday over all the creations that this man is avoided from being inhell, Moses then asked: O my Lord, what is the reward of he who did not forget his relations? Hesaid: O Moses, I shall span his life more and make the death moment easy passing for him and theguards of paradise shall call him and say to him come and enter from any gate you like, Moses thenasked: O my Lord, what is the reward of he who avoids hurting people and doing his best for them?He answered: O Moses, the hell shall call him at the doomsday and say to him "I have no poweragainst you", then Moses asked: O my Lord, what is the reward of he who mentions You by histongue and his heart? He answered: O Moses, I shall make shade for him by My Throne and makehim under My protection, he then asked: what is the reward of he who tells Your sermons in secretand in public? God answered then: O Moses he shall pass over the path just as lightning, then Mosesasked: O my Lord, what is the reward of he who had patience toward the people's wrong and cursedthem by You? He answered: I shall help him to come over the adversities of the doomsday, he thenasked: O my Lord, what is the reward of he who cried because of solemnity towards You? Heanswered: O Moses, I shall protect his face from the heat of hell and I shall make him safe at the dayof the great fear (doomsday), then Moses asked: O my Lord, what is the reward of he who avoidedbetrayal for shyness of You? He answered: O Moses, he shall be in safe at doomsday, Moses thenasked: O my Lord, what is the reward of he who loved Your faithful servants? He answered: O Moses,I shall forbid My hell for him, Moses then asked: O my Lord, what is the reward of he who kills abeliever and he means it? He answered: I shall not look at him and never help him, Moses thenasked: O my Lord, what is the reward of he who calls a disbeliever to be a believer? He answered: OMoses, I shall give him the permission to permit anyone he likes into forgiveness, Moses said: O myLord, what is the reward of he who prayed a praying at its time? He answered: I shall give him whathe asks for and My paradise is for him, Moses then asked: O my Lord, what is the reward of he whocompleted his washing (for praying) for his submission for You? He answered: I shall resurrect him atdoomsday with a light between his eyes that glances, Moses then asked: O my Lord, what is thereward of he who fasted during Ramadhan for You? He answered: O Moses, I shall put him in a placeat doomsday that he shall not fear in it, Moses then asked: O my Lord, what is the reward of he whofasted Ramadhan for the people? He answered: O Moses, his reward is as the reward of he who didnot fast..etc, this is as copied from Al-Sayid Ni`matullah Al-Jazâ'iri, may mercy of God fall upon him.

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The Death of Moses and Aaron (PUT)

It is absolutely believed that Aaron died before Moses, and it is said that God ordered Moses to gowith Aaron to a mountain called Hur, so they went along and there Aaron died and Moses buried himand went back to the Israelites and he told them about the death of his brother Aaron, but theydenied that and charged him for killing Aaron and they did not believe him until God showed themAaron in a position and a situation that made them believe the words of Moses, and as for Moses,God ordered him to go to a mountain called Nabu, and then to look at the holy lands without goinginto them, and there he died and buried on the red dune, this is as mentioned by Abdul Wahâb Al-Najjâr. And in Muruj Al-Ðahab: and God took the soul of Aaron during the Wandering so he wasburied in the mountain of Mirân in the direction of the mountain of Al-Shirâ' that lies after themountain of Sinai, and his tomb is famous in a normal cave that some noises are heard from it atsome nights that would make everyone scared, and they say that he is not buried but he is exposedin that cave. Then he (the narrator) said: and he who reached that position knew what we aredescribing, and that was before Moses' death by seven months, and God took the soul of Aaronwhile he was one hundred and twenty three years old, and also said he died when he was onehundred and twenty years old, and they say that Moses was dead after the death of his brotherAaron by three years..etc, and that was pointed out a while ago with some details. It is mentionedabout the interpretation of the holy phrase: O ye who believe! Be not as those who slanderedMoses, but Allah proved his innocence of that which they alleged(Al-Ahzâb:69), they said somesayings about it, one of them is that Moses and Aaron went up the mountain and Aaron died thereand then the Israelites said to Moses: you killed him, but God then made them know His commandand that he dead naturally, so God made him (Moses) innocent of that charge, and the samemeaning is mentioned in narrations by `Ali (ben Abi Tâlib) (PUH) and Ibn `Abbâs.

They say that Al-Sâdiq (PUH) was asked once about who did die the first, was it Moses or Aaron? Heanswered: Aaron died before Moses, and asked then: who was older? He said: Aaron. The sons ofAaron were called Shubbar and Shubair, meaning Al-Hasan and Al-Husain. It is mentioned by Al-Sâdiq(PUH) that Moses said to Aaron: let us go to the mountain of Sinai, and they went out and they thenreached a house with a tree at its door and on the tree there were two garments, so then Moses saidto Aaron: take of your clothes and go into the house and wear these two garments and then sleep onthe bed, so Aaron did so and when he slept over the bed God did take his soul. As attributed to Al-Kâfi from `Amârah he said: I asked Al-Sâdiq (PUH): tell me about the death of Moses ben Amram, he(PUH) then said: when the angel of death arrived at him he said to him: O peace upon you one whotalked to God, then Moses answered: and peace upon you, who are you? He said: I am the angel ofdeath and I came to take up your soul, so then Moses asked: and from which side you will take mysoul? He answered: from your mouth, Moses then said to him: how come and I talked by it with Godthe Exalted? He said: then from your hands, Moses said then: how come and I carried the Torah withthem? He then said: then from your legs, Moses then said: how come and I stepped with them themountain of Sinai? He said then: then from your eyes, Moses answered then: how come and theyare looking to God with hope still? He said then: then from your ears, Moses answered then: howcome and I listened by them to the words of God the Exalted? Then God inspired to him (the angel ofdeath): do not take his soul until he desired so, and so the angel of death went away, and he stayedalive then after as much as God wanted, then after a while he called for Joshua ben Nun and advisedhim with his advices and told him to keep his situation as a secret and to give the leadership afterhimself (Joshua) to someone else, and then Moses disappeared from his people and he found then a

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man that was digging a grave and he said to him: should not I help you to dig this grave? The mansaid then: oh yes, so he helped him to dig the grave and fixed it and then Moses lied inside it to seehow it was and then the veil was taken away from his eyes and he saw his place in paradise and thenhe said: O Lord take me to You, so the angel of death took his soul in his place and he buried him,and the one was that was digging the grave was an angel in the shape of a human, and it is apparentthat this angel is the one who buried him, and that was at the time of the Wandering, and afterMoses' death a caller called in heavens: Moses the man who talked to God died, so what soul doesnot die, so sanctification be to Him He who does not die and no strength except by Him.

Something About Johsua ben Nun

After Moses, Johsua ben Nun had the leadership, having patience and waiting for the relief to enterthe holy lands, until three giants of them passed away and they turned to be weak and Joshuaturned to be stronger and their kings were afraid of him, and when he wanted to go into the lands,two hypocrites of the folks of Moses and with them was Moses' wife, Zipporah the daughter ofJethro, and with them one hundred thousand men of the Israelites and they fought against Joshuaben Nun the viceroy of Moses but Joshua defeated them and killed so much of them and defeatedthe others by the will of God and he captured Zipporah and released her later and he said to her: I'vereleased you this is what the prophet of God Moses ben Amram ordered me, so I forgive you in thislife until we meet with the speaker to God, Moses ben Amram, so I will complain to him what I facedfrom you and your people, then Zipporah said: woe to me, by God if paradise was given to me Iwould be ashamed to get into it and see the prophet of God while I did break his covenant andfought against his viceroy after his death.

In Muruj Al-Ðahab: and Moses died and he was one hundred and twenty years old, and signs ofoldness did not appear on Moses and Aaron and they always looked young, and he (the narrator)said: when Moses ben Amram died, Joshua ben Nun wandered with the Israelites toward the landsof Shem (Canaan) and it was full of giants and he sent some armies and he had battles with them sohe tookover Jericho of the lands of Ghawr (the low lands) and it is the land of the stinking lake thatno one sinks in it and has no life (the Dead Sea), then he (the narrator) said: and other philosopherstalked about it and to it (the dead sea) ends the water of the lake of Tabariyah and it is the riverJordan. Then he mentioned some of the characteristics of this lake [and some other details hereabout the geography of the area] and this is not the place to mention it. It is mentioned also that theking of Canaan and he was Al-Samayda` ben Hubar ben Mâlik marched to Joshua ben Nun and therewere wars between them until Joshua killed him and tookover all his kingdom and so he did to othergiants. Joshua lived among the Israelites after Moses for twenty nine years, and it is said that Joshuadied and he was one hundred and twenty years. Another saying is that Joshua lived with theIsraelites after Moses and he passed to the promised lands with the Israelites and the first land theyconquered was Jericho and God ordered them to enter the gate of the city prostrating andhumiliating to God and to say "Repentance" but the people disobeyed God's commandment andthey did not care about it for they are used to disobey and rebel, for this God sent His wrath uponthem and you've saw before how many times they were stroke with the wrath of God but ineverytime Moses was praying for their forgiveness. As attributed to Al-Baydhâwi he said that the citythey got into first was Jerusalem or Jericho and they were ordered to prostrate when they get into itand say: God forgive our sins, and most probably it is Jerusalem and for this one of its gates wascalled "Bâb Hittah" (the Gate of Repentance) and only God knows.

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God did say: And when We said: Go into this township and eat freely of that which is therein, andenter the gate prostrate, and say: "Repentance." We will forgive you your sins and will increase(reward) for the right-doers. But those who did wrong changed the word which had been told themfor another saying, and We sent down upon the evil-doers wrath from heaven for their evil-doing(Al-Baqarah:58-59), and the wrath might be the plague that did spread among them and doomed aboutseventy thousand as it had been said. Anyone who looks into the conditions of the Israelites and intothe book of God where He mentions them and into the other Heavenly-revealed books thatmentions them, and see how harsh they had been and how impolite they were with God and Hisprophets, he will find that God spoiled them and treated them well as a mother would treat her onlychild, so He brought the miracles to them and showed them lot of His own secrets and knowledge,while He destroyed the wrong nations, and He bore their harshness and tyranny and never left a wayto make them get satisfied but they increased in their tyranny. We've stopped in our research at thepoint that the nations that God banished in front of them (the Israelites) were more tyrant andrebellious, and it is said that it is found in some holy books that Moses said to the Israelites: do notthink that God will bring you to the holy lands or your holiness or infallibility or for serving Him, no,but He will banish the nations in front of you for they were more tyrant and wrong-doers. Moses andAaron did a great job trying to fix the situation of the Israelites and they bore for this the rebels, andGod did praise them for their hard work and patience for this adversity that came from thisrebellious nation that has nothing to be described with except of being harsh and sturbborn, whileMoses and Aaron had that great faith for God the One. God did say in the chapter of Mariam: Andmake mention in the Scripture of Moses. Lo! he was chosen, and he was a messenger (of Allah), aprophet. We called him from the right slope of the Mount, and brought him nigh incommunion(Mariam:51:52), and in the chapter of Al-Sâffât: And We verily gave grace unto Mosesand Aaron, And saved them and their people from the great distress(Al-Sâffât:114-115).

Some Sermons From The Stories of Moses and Aaron (PUT)

Adversities and troubles that were poured upon the household of Amram and all the Israelites, werefollowed with victory, and for this it is rightful to say: Goodness may come from Adversities, andMoses travelled out of Egypt for he was afraid of the pharaoh and all the goodness were found fromhis travel, and he was given a family instead of his family, and God chose him and made him closeand sent him with bright miracles to who he was afraid of before, and God made him a way of relieffor his people from the pharaoh and his folks, so everyone that depended on God in his life andtasks, He will guarantee for him who will gain victory for him and make things go with ease for him,as He guaranteed for Moses that old faithful man in the lands of wrong, and he was a reason for hissafety and a reason to get God's inspiration and power, and whoever holds the path of truth and heis sure of it then he would not care about the obstacles he may face even if they were so great, sothe pharaoh was talking with his tyranny to Moses as if he was nothing to talk to and said: Lo! I deemthee one bewitched, O Moses, and then Moses answered him in carelessness: In truth thou knowestthat none sent down these (portents) save the Lord of the heavens and the earth as proofs, and lo!(for my part) I deem thee lost, O Pharaoh. This is from Moses after the soft talk for God said to himand to his brother: And speak unto him a gentle word, that peradventure he may heed orfear(TaHa:44).

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When Moses came to let him down of the throne of being a god and remove this tyranny and callingto worship the only God, Lord of the creations, the pharaoh desired to kill him and ordered hissoldiers to catch him and kill him but the Exlated defended him by the way of one who does that, soHe appointed for him the faithful man of the pharaoh household the one who made his faith a secretand he started to give advices for the pharaoh about the power of God and giving examples for himby the past nations and careless to his (the pharaoh) tyranny, for the true faith when tasted by theman it will conquer all his feelings and for it he will humiliate every danger in this life, and enoughclue about this is the faith of the magicians and their believe in Moses and the Lord of Moses withcarelessness toward the pharaoh and his tyranny and whatever he promised for them of torture. Thepatience for adversities for the sake of God is something that bears the good end, those are theIsraelites were tested with the hard adversities like enslaving and captivating their women and killingtheir children, and they had patience for these adversities and troubles and humiliation, and Godthen made the end for them beautifully as He said: And the fair word of thy Lord was fulfilled for theChildren of Israel because of their endurance(Al-A`râf:137), and as a clue for what we had pointedout about the conditions of the Israelites what is pointed out by the prince of belivers (PUH) in hisspeech that is called "Al-Qâsi`ah" about the adversities coming over the children of Ishmael and Isaacand the Israelites, and he (PUH) said: meditate in their conditions in their Wandering and separationwhen the Chosroes and the Caesars were lords for them and owned them from the countrysides andfrom the sea of Iraq and the greenish of life, and sending them to the poor lands and lands of roughwinds and for the hard living, so they left them poor and had nothing but wools and camels' hair, themost humiliated among the nations in their living and the poorest in their settling, never cometogether by the religion nor to the shade of an intimacy to depend on its dignity..etc.

How honest Moses was and how clement and how much passion did he have for the Israelites, as forGod he sent His wrath upon them when they worshipped the calf instead of God and revealed uponthem what was to vanish them when the mountain shaded them and been upon their heads, andalso when they asked Moses to see God and God doomed them by the shout and Moses prayed toGod and said: My Lord! If Thou hadst willed Thou hadst destroyed them long before, and me withthem. Wilt thou destroy us for that which the ignorant among us did? It is but Thy trial (of us). Thousendest whom Thou wilt astray and guidest whom Thou wilt: Thou art our Protecting Friend,therefore forgive us and have mercy on us, Thou, the Best of all who show forgiveness. And ordainfor us in this world that which is good, and in the Hereafter (that which is good), Lo! We have turnedunto Thee. He said: I smite with My punishment whom I will, and My mercy embraceth all things,therefore I shall ordain it for those who ward off (evil) and pay the poor-due, and those who believeOur revelations; Those who follow the messenger, the Prophet who can neither read nor write,whom they will find described in the Torah and the Gospel (which are) with them. He will enjoin onthem that which is right and forbid them that which is wrong. He will make lawful for them all goodthings and prohibit for them only the foul(Al-A`râf:155-157), this was pointed out by Abdul-Wahâb inhis stories and continued saying, briefly: lot of Israelites immigrated to Hijâz after they had been inthe holy lands, Palestine, and they made it as their home land and they did not get back to Egypt thatthey went out from and they did not choose the lands of Iraq which was the land of their fathers,although Hijâz did not have an abundant production compared to other spots, so they settled inKhaybar and Wâdi Al-Qurâ (Valley of Villages) and Medina, and of them the tribes of Al-Nadheer,Quraydhah and Al-Mustalaq and others, and they built there many forts and locations and they weremade by separate tribes in these lands, and the question is what did bother them and made them

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out of their homeland in Palestine and what made them separated from each other and from thatholy land?

It might be said that what made them separate is their hypocrisy and their wars against each otherand killing each other by their own hands and their bad intentions, and when they were with Mosesthey had many opinions as mentioned before, and this is not a hidden thing for he who investigatedabout them, and after Moses they were divided into two, some of them were with his viceroy Joshuaben Nun and the others were against him, and they were killing each other, and after that theyremained like this for long time, and the speech about them will come later on by God's will, and itmight be said that they did not go back to Egypt after spending four hundred years there because ofwhat they faced of humiliation in there and they went out of it with fear, and they did not chooseIraq for they were banished from there and they had no role in it, and even they are pessimisticabout it as they are so concerning Egypt, and Hijâz had their cousins the children of Ishmael benAbraham (PUT), and they are their inhabitants since the time of Ishmael and his mother Hagar (PUT).Maybe the reason for going out of Palestine as well is the invasion of the Roman emperor Titus fortheir lands and destroying the Temple that they were proud of it in front of all the nations and proudof its large size and its building of gold and silver, and yes they were promised for a prophet thatreads not and writes not and found him mentioned in the Torah and the Gospel..etc, and he wouldbe sent in Hijâz from the children of Ishmael (PUT) and his appearance will be in Medina, so theyimmigrated to place of his appearance as to wait for him, and this is possible, but when he appearedwith miracles and with that eternal miracle, the Holy Quran, they did not believe in him and foughtagainst him, and how many times did they make a covenant with him and broke it, and never fulfilleda covenant nor a condition until he (the prophet) killed many of them and banished the others, andhe was cautious toward them until the end of his life, and they had nothing but the rebellious natureand hypocrisy whever they went, settled or travelled, and God is the leader of His creation and Hisservants and He knows everything. This is the last thing we did like to mention about the conditionsof His gracious prophet, Moses ben Amram and his brother Aaron, so may peace be upon them andupon our prophet and his Household and thank be to God the Lord of the worlds.

Some of The Conditions of a Group of Prophets (PUT)Elias (Elijah), Alyasa` (Elisha), Ðul-Kifl,Ishmael, Bal`am (Balaam)

God did say: Recite unto them the tale of him to whom We gave Our revelations, but he sloughedthem off, so Satan overtook him and he became of those who lead astray(Al-A`râf:175), and thisphrase was revealed about Bal`am ben Ba`urâ' (Balaam ben Beor) and he was one of the Israelitesand was given the Great Name and he used to pray with it and his prays are answered and so thepharaoh was inclined to him, and when the pharaoh opposed Moses while Moses was calling him tothe faith and leaving the idols and also asking him to release the Israelites, and he (Moses) wasaccompanied with miracles that made the pharaoh afraid, so the pharaoh asked Balaam ben Beor topray against Moses and his folks to keep him away from him, so when he went to pray against Moses,his she-ass denied to go, so he came along and struck her to let her keep on going wth him, so thenGod made her speak and she said: woe to you Balaam why beating me? Want me to come with youto pray against the prophet of God and his faithful folks? But he did not stop and did not listen to herand kept on like that until he killed her, and when he did so, the Great Name sloughed off from himand his tongue could not mention it, and it is the saying of God: but he sloughed them off, so Satanovertook him and he became of those who lead astray. And had We willed We could have raised him

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by their means, but he clung to the earth and followed his own lust. Therefor his likeness is as thelikeness of a dog: if thou attackest him he panteth with his tongue out, and if thou leavest him hepanteth with his tongue out(Al-A`râf:175-176) and that was an example given by God to everyonethat has the same characteristics as him, for while he was a faithful man and his prays and calls areanswered, suddenly he turns to be an enemy for God and deserved the shame and wrath from God,so God gave him His holy phrases and made hospitality towards him and people asked for him torelease them from adversities, and then he turned to be a pain for the creatures and his tongue wentout over his chest, and he is the one who said when his tongue went out over his chest: now life andafter-life escaped away from me and nothing remained but plotting and tricks. It is attributed to Al-Ridhâ (PUH) that he said: only three animals will get into paradise: the ass of Balaam and the dog ofthe people of the cave (the sleepers) and the wolf. As for the wolf, there was a wrong-doer king thatsent an officer to bring a group of believers to torture them, and so the officer went along for thetask, and when he did so, the wolf came and ate the son of the officer and he (the wolf) knew aboutthe intention of the officer, and the officer used to love his son so much and he had been so sad forhim, so God made the wolf into the paradise for this. As reported by Ibn `Abbâs he said: the wolf gotinto the paradise for eating the son of the officer, and if the wolf did eat the officer himself then Godwould had raised him to so high a position. It is not something to be hidden the existance of the jokeand the wisdom and that is: the officer is an assistor for the wrong-doers and the one who harmedhim is accepted by God, so what is the situation of the wrong-doers themselves in front of God? Becareful and meditate, may God guide us to the rightful path, Amen.

Al-Mas`udi said in Muruj Al-Ðahab: Balaam ben Beor was in a village in the lands of Shem (Canaan),and he is the son of Sanur ben Waseem ben Nâb ben Lot ben Haran (PUT), and his prays wereanswered, so his folks asked him to pray against Joshua ben Nun but he could not do it, so he advisedsome of the kings of the giants to show the pretty women and release them toward the camp ofJoshua ben Nun, and so they did, and they (the Israelites) hurried up to the women and the plaguespread among them and seventy thousand of them were dead. There is another saying and that is:Moses ben Amram lived until the end of the Wandering and the forty years were over and he wentto the city of the giants and in the front of his army there were Joshua ben Nun and Caleb benJephunneh, and he is the husband of his (Moses) sister Mariam (Mary) the daughter of Amram, andwhen they reached it (the city), the giants gathered around Balaam ben Beor and he was an old mandescended from the children of Lot (PUT) and they said to him: Moses ben Amram came to kill us orlet us out of our lands as he did with the pharaoh and his folks, and they asked him to pray to Godagainst him (Moses) and his folks for his prays were answered, and Balaam knew the Great Name ofGod, so he said to them: how shall I pray against the prophet of God and the faithful people and theangels with them? So they kept on insisting time after another and he denied all the time, and whenthey got despaired they went to his wife and gave to her many gifts and asked her to persuade himto pray against Moses and his people, and so she did but he denied and she insisted until shepersuaded him to ask God about it and so he did but no answer appeared, and even God forbadehim in his dreams, and he told her about that and she kept on persuading him and said to him: askagain, and when he did so for many times he decided not to stop until what his wife and the giantswant is done, and then God did not give an answer, then she said to him: if God hated that from youthen He would prohibit you from doing so, and she kept on persuading and tricking him until heaccepted to do so, and then he rode his ass and went toward Moses and his people and climbed amountain that towered over them, and when he went forward a bit his ass sat down and denied to

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go and he struck her bitterly, and when that happened for three times God made the ass speak andsaid: woe to you Balaam where are you going? Don't you see the angels keeping me away? But hedid not believe so and the Satan took over him and he forgot God, and so the ass went along withhim until he looked upon the Israelites, and then whenever he wanted to pray against them histongue would change the words to blessings, while when he wanted to pray for his people his wordswould change to damnations, and when they asked him about that he said: this is something out ofmy hands. God then opposed him, and his tongue went out hanging upon his chest and then he said:now life and after-life escaped from me and only trick is left, then he ordered them to ornament thewomen and give them the commodities to sell and send them to the camp of Moses and no womanshould prohibit anyone from his desires, and he said to them: if one man of them commited adulterythen you will win against them, and so they did and the women went into the camp of Moses andadultery happened and a man called Zimri ben Shallom (Zimri ben Salu), and he was a Simeonite, hetook a woman and went to Moses and said to him: I deem you said this is prohibited, by God I shallnot obey you, then he went with her into his tent and commited adultery with her, so then Godrevealed upon them the plague and it spread among them and this is the wrath of God and His testfor His prophets and viceroys.

The nephew of Moses, the son of Aaron, was away from the camp to do some business for his uncleMoses and when he got back and saw that the plague had spread among the Israelites, and he was aman of power, he knew that reason for that and he went to Zimri and saw him lying with a woman sohe smote them with a spear and killed them both and he forbade that any man would approach anywoman, and then the plague vanished after the death of seventy thousand, and some said they weretwenty thousand, and then Moses made Joshua on the front and ordered him to get into Jerichowith the Israelites and so he did and killed the giants in it and only few of them are left, and the sunwas about to set and Joshua feared that night will fall and they will run away and he laid siege totheir town so he prayed to God to stop the sun and keep it away from setting, so then God answeredhis prays and stopped the sun and he perished them all and none is left of them, and then Moseswent into it and lived there as much as God desired and then God took his soul back. As for sayingthat Moses died in the period of Wandering as it is the most famous opinion, and that he did not gointo the lands of the giants, so then everything was told in this section was to be with Joshua benNun after Moses, and that God ordered him to go to the lands of the giants and He made victory forhim against them and perished them and the sun was stopped for setting for him by thecommandment of God as an answer for Joshua. The holding of the sun for Joshua ben Nun theviceroy of Moses is famous for scholars and the nations and it is a miracle proposed for Joshua and itwas sang by poets and travellers and it is still remembered by speakers and none of the scholars ofany religion deny this. It is also was held for the prince of believers (PUH) and not denied by a truebeliever and it was returned back (the sun) for him twice as it was told in assured narrations.

Escaping The Plague

In the interpretation of `Ali ben Ibrâhim about God's saying: Bethink thee (O Muhammad) of those ofold, who went forth from their habitations in their thousands, fearing death, and Allah said untothem: Die; and then He brought them back to life. Lo! Allah is a Lord of Kindness to mankind, butmost of mankind give not thanks(Al-Baqarah:243), and that is there was a plague in the lands ofShem (Canaan) in some villages and districts, so many people went out of there for their fear andescaping the plague and they all went out to a desert far away and they all died in one night and they

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remained there until that their bones would be pushed away from the road by the feets of travellers,then God resurrected them and sent them back to their homes and lived then after for long timeuntil they buried each other, this is what was told in Tales of Prophets for Al-Jazâ'iri. In it alsoreported by Al-Bâqir (PUH) and Al-Sâdiq (PUH) about God's saying "Bethink thee (O Muhammad) ofthose of old, who went forth from their habitations in their thousands..etc" they (PUT) said: they arethe people of one of the towns in the lands of Shem from the Israelites, and they were seventythousand families and the plague used to strike them for now and then, and when they feel it, therich people would go out of the town and the poor people remained for their weakness, so deathwould perish those who stayed, so those who went out would say: if we stayed we would be doomedby now, and those who stayed would say: if we just went out we wouldn't have so much dead peopleamong us, so they all agreed that next time when plague reaches the town they all shall go out of thetown, so when they felt that the plague is near they all went out fearing death, and they wandered inthe lands until they reached a ruined town that was perished by the plague before so they settled init and then God said to them: Die all of you, so they all died and turned to bones, and then a prophetpassed by that was called Hazqeel (Ezekiel), and when he saw them he cried and said: O Lord, if Youwant You would resurrect them at once, so God resurrected them for him.

In a narration for Al-Sâdiq (PUH): the day of Nayruz [a persian holiday at the beginning of spring] isthe day when God resurrected those who went out of their lands in thousands fearing death, andGod said to them: Die, and then He resurrected them, and this is because a prophet asked his Lord toresurrect the people who went out from their lands, and then they died by their appointed time..etc,and in that narration also mentioned that God inspired to him to pour some water on them, and sohe did and they lived, and they were thirty thousand, so pouring water at the day of Nayruz becamea usual habit that none knows its reason except of those who are in deep knowledgement, and theday of Nayruz is the first day of spring in every year, and the prophet that resurrected them bypermission of God is Ezekiel (PUH) as mentioned before and his name was mentioned in lot ofnarrations, and there might be lot of occasions with others than him, and the repetition of storieswith being different each time from each other is possible, because the number in some stories isseventy thousand and in others it is thirty thousand, and what is understood from such narrations isthat it is not allowed to escape from the plague, because destiny is something written and it is of nouse to escape from death. But there are many tidings that order people to escape from the plague,yes and there is a prophetic narration (Hadith) that tells: escaping from the plague is like escapingfrom the invasion, and it is reported that Al-Sâdiq (PUH) answered about that that it was mentionedabout some people in their headquarters in the face of the enemy and if they had escaped from theplague then the enemy would takeover the land of muslims, so this is a special case and it is not tobe measured with and it is not a base to work with and oppose others. For Ezekiel, the prophet thatGod resurrected by his hand thousands of death people, lot of amazing tidings and strangeconditions, and it is mentioned that Dâwud (David) the owner of the Zabur (book of psalms) (PUH)went into a cave in Jerusalem and he found there Ezekiel (PUH) worshipping his Lord and his skin wasdried out upon his bones, so he said the peace, and he answered: I hear a voice of someone satisfiedand soft, who are you? He said then: I am David, then he (Ezekiel) said: the one who has that muchof women and that much of maids (and he mentions numbers)? He answered: yes, while you are insuch agony, then Ezekiel said to him: I am not in agony, and you are not into gifts, until we both gointo paradise. As reported by Abu-Hamza Al-Þumâli from Al-Bâqir (PUH) he said: when the king of thecoptic people went out to knock down the temple in Jerusalem, all people gathered around Ezekiel

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and complained about it, he then said: maybe I will speak to my Lord tonight, so when it was nightthen he prayed to his Lord and then God inspired to him: I've abandoned them before you anddoomed them, and then God inspired to the angel of air to hold their breathes, and so he did and allof them were dead, so then in the morning Ezekiel went to his people and told them about the doomof their enemy, and they went out to look at them and they found them dead. They say that Ezekielgot surprised and said to himself: what virtues Solomon ben David the prophet had and I'm givensuch thing like this? He (Al-Bâqir PUH) said: then he got an ulcer in his liver and he got annoyed for it,so then he prayed to God and humiliated himself in front of God and sat on ashes so then Godinspired to him: take the fig and rub your chest with it, and so he did and the pain went out, andmaybe the rubbing of chest with the fig was with the green fresh branch of it, or it might be the fruititself and only God knows.

Ishmael, Other Than The Son of Abraham (PUT)

It is mentioned that he is other than the son of Abraham, the friend of God (PUH) but it is possiblythe son of Ezekiel the prophet was mentioned before, the one who resurrected the dead people bythe permission of God and the owner of the bright miracles and the one whose prays are answeredand hard working for God, and as attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said: Ishmael that God saidabout him in His holy book: And make mention in the Scripture of Ishmael. Lo! he was a keeper of hispromise, and he was a messenger (of Allah), a prophet(Mariam:54), he was not Ishmael the son ofAbraham but he was a prophet that God sent to his people and they took him and skinned his headand his face, so then an angel came to him and said: God the Almighty sent me to you so order mewith whatever you want, so then he answered: this is to be done to me like it will be done with Al-Husain ben `Ali (PUT), and in other narrations he said "like it will be done to the prophets." Asreported by Al-Kâfi from Al-Sâdiq (PUH) he said: he was called "keeper of his promise" because hepromised a man in a place so he waited for him there for one year, and so God called him "keeper ofhis promise" and then the man came to him after that and Ishmael said to him: I am still waiting foryou. As attributed to Al-Ridhâ (PUH) he said what has the meaning in general: he had promisedsomeone with a certain promise and waited for him for one year and he is Ishmael ben Ezekiel, andGod praised him again by saying: He enjoined upon his people worship and almsgiving, and wasacceptable in the sight of his Lord(Mariam:55). In a narration attributed to Zayd Al-`Ajli from Al-Sâdiq(PUH) and it is a long one about someone that asked him (PUH) about Ishmael the keeper of hispromise, he answered: he is Ishmael ben Ezekiel the prophet, the one that was sent to his people butthey disbelieved in him and killed him and skinned his face, so then God had the wrath upon themand He sent down Satâtâ'eel, the angel of torture, and he said to him (Ishmael): O Ishmael, I am theangel of torture and directed by the Lord of Exaltness to you to torture your folks as you like, andthen Ishmael said: no need for that O Satâtâ'eel, then God inspired to him: what do you need OIshmael? Then Ishmael said: O Lord, You had the covenant for Yourself for being a God, and forMuhammad to be a prophet, and for his viceroys to be leaders and You told Your creatures aboutwhat will happen to Al-Husain ben `Ali after the prophet, and You promised Al-Husain that he will beback into life again to take revenge for what had been done to him, so my need to You O Lord is to letme back into life again to take revenge from those who did that to me as You would turn Al-Husainback into life again, and God then promised Ishmael ben Ezekiel to do that, and he will be back withAl-Husain ben `Ali (PUT).

Elias (Elijah) and Alyasa` (Elisha) (PUT)

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They said a lot about the conditions of Elijah and his stories and in summary it is that Joshua ben Nunhad made a living for the Israelites in the lands of Canaan after Moses and he divided the landsbetween them, so a tribe of them went to Baalbek and spread in its land and it is the tribe that Elijahcame from, so God sent him to them, and they had an unjust king which made his people worship anidol called Ba`al (Baal) and this is mentioned in God's saying: And lo! Elias was of those sent (towarn), When he said unto his folk: Will ye not ward off (evil) ? Will ye cry unto Baal and forsake theBest of creators, Allah, your Lord and Lord of your forefathers ? But they denied him, so they surelywill be haled forth (to the doom)..etc(Al-Sâfât:123-127), and they say that the king had unchaste wifethat he would make her in his place whenever he is away and she judges among the people, and hehad a faithful and a believer writer that helped three hundred believers to escape from her wrath,and there were no one on earth that were unchaste as she was, and she got married to seven kingsfrom the Israelites until she gave birth for ninety children, and the king had a faithful neighbour andone of the belivers and she killed him and tookover his fortune and her husband was not satisfied forthis as it is mentioned, and so then God sent Elijah to them to call them back to worship God butthey disbelieved in him and banished him out but he got back to them and called them again andwarning them against the wrath of God and telling them about the favours of God but all of thatincreased their tyranny so he promised himself that the king and his wife will be doomed if they didnot repent and he told them about it, so then their wrath increased towards him and wanted totorture and kill him but he escaped away from them into some mountains and he stayed there forseven years eating from the herbs of the earth. Then the king chose fifty men and advised them totrick Elijah and to tell him that they believed in him and in his Lord so that he would feel safe towardsthem and then they can bring him to his court to kill him, so they went to the mountain where Elijahwas and they cried: O prophet of God, show us yourself for we believed in you, so he (Elijah) loved tohave their faith and he said then: O Lord, if they were true then allow me to go down for them and ifthey were not then fire them and burn them, and as he finished his words a fire from the sky fellupon them and burned them, and the tidings reached the king and he got more mad, so then he sentthe faithful writer with some people to him (Elijah) and he advised them to show the faith of the kingand his wife and all his people, and that the king forbade the people to worship the idols andordered them to mention the God of the Israelites, so then when the writer reached the mountainand called for him he recognized his voice and he got down to him and the faithful writer then said tohim: that tyrant sent me to you, and he told him everything happened in the king's court and hewarned him against their tricks and told him that they have no goal but to kill him. And God inspiredto him that everything comes from them is a trick to get you, and when the faithful writer came backto the king, and the latter was sad because of the death of his dear son, he (the king) asked aboutElijah, so he (the writer) said: I have no knowledge about it, and because of the sadness of the kingfor his son he did not investinage about it more than that. Then Elijah did pray to God to takerevenge from the wrong-doers and to hold the rains for seven years and God answered his pray forthis and their land became dry and the adversities came hard upon them and death spread so fastamong them and they knew that it was because of the pray of Elijah. Then they gathered around himand said to him: we are under your command, so God ordered him to answer them so he went downto them and with him was his pupil Elisha, so they met him and asked him for the rain and they shallbelieve in him and in his words and obey his Lord if rain fell again, so when he made sure of theirfaith he prayed for God and He rained them and made the earth plant for them, so Elijah left themand they were faithful, but then the devil tookover them and made them astray so they neglectedHis favours and rebelled against His will so God then made an enemy for them to fight against them

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and win against them and killed them and also their king and his wife. It is mentioned that Elijah wasordered by God to give his advices and will to Elisha and so he did and he advised him with what Godcommanded and ordered him with what God commanded and warned him against what Godforbade and God planted the feathers for Elijah and made him wear the garments of light and raisedhim to heavens. It is mentioned that Elijah threw his garment from the air upon Elisha and God madehim a prophet upon the Israelites and inspired to him and made him victorious, so he was among theIsraelites a holy person that guides them to the truth. People differed about Elijah, some said he isAl-Khidhr (PUH), and some said he is Edris (Enoch), and others said he is one of the Israelites thatGod sent him to them as a prophet and he is a descendant of Aaron ben Amram and the cousin ofElisha, so he is Elias (Elijah) ben Yâseen ben Nit-hâsâ (Phinehas) ben Eli`ezer (Eleazar) ben Aaron benAmram [seems the name Yâseen had been sandwiched for I did not find any trace of a completeancestry for Elijah in Torah].

As for Elisha, he is Alyasa` (Elisha) ben Akhtub (Shaphat) [supposedly Akhtub is the same as Shaphat,the name mentioned in Torah as the father of Elisha], and he is the cousin of Elijah as he is famousfor mostly, and Elijah made him a viceroy over the Israelites when God raised him and he (Elisha) isthe pupil of Elijah as it is mentioned in the books of biographies, and God prophesized him after him(Elijah) and inspired to him. In a speech for Al-Ridhâ (PUH) that was to disaprove against the prelateof the christians about Elisha when he said: Elisha did as Jesus did, he walked on water surface andresurrected the dead people by the permission of God and cured the dimsighted and the leper bythe permission of God, but his nation did not take him as a god instead of the Lord, as it is mentionedin Safinat Al-Bihâr by Al-Muhaddiþ Al-Qummi. As it is reported by Ibn `Abbâs and Muhammad ben Is-hâq and others, they said: God sent Elijah after Ezekiel after many great events among the Israelites,and Joshua ben Nun had invaded the lands of Canaan and the Israelites ruled over and he haddivided the lands among them, and so one tribe went to Baalbek and it is the tribe of ELijah and Godsent him as a prophet to his people. Then he (Elijah) went to the wilderness and made Elisha aviceroy over the Israelites, and God then raised him up and cut off his lust for food and drink[meaning he does not get hungry nor thursty] and He made feathers as his garments so he turned tobe a human angel from earth and heavens. What is understood from the speeches of the Household(PUT) is that Elijah did not die and still living as Al-Khidhr. They say that ELijah is the man of lands(deserts) and Al-Khidhr is the man of islands and they both gather together in the day of `Arafah [inthe season of pilgrimage in the 12th month in islamic calendar] of every year in `Arafât [a mountainname in Mecca], and it is mentioned that Elijah had several meetings with the Imams from theHousehold of Muhammad (PUT) in Safâ [Safâ and Marwâ, two hills or mountains that people crossbetween them seven times at pilgrimage time to reflect how Hagar crossed them before looking forwater for her son Ishmael (PUH)]. There are long narrations and lot of them, and one of them is thatElijah asked Al-Sâdiq (PUH) lot of questions from the wisdom of the apparent and the disapparent ofthings, and the Imam (Al-Sâdiq PUH) was answering every question, and when his questions becameso much, the Imam (PUH) laughed or smiled for the quantity of questions, and the Imam kept onexplaining his answers for the questions, and then ELijah said: I did not ask about something and Ihave no knowledge about it, but I liked this talk to be remembered and known for your followers andto make them strong. He asked him about the secrets of Imamism and prophecy, and about theImam being inspired by God and taught by the prophet and so on. It is reporterd by Anas ben Mâlik:the prophet (PUH) heard a voice from the top of a mountain that was saying: O Lord make me of theforgiven nation, so the prophet went to the direction of the voice and he found there an old man

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that was three hundred cubits tall, and when he saw the prophet (PUH) he hugged him and said: Ieat every year for once and this is the time for it, and then a table came down from heaven and theyate together, and hewas Elijah (PUH). It is mentioned that a group of people went to Al-Sâdiq (PUH)and found him speaking a language other than Arabic and crying as well, so when they heard himthey wondered about what they saw and heard, so they asked him about it and he (PUH) said: yes, Iremembered ELijah and he was one of the best worshippers among the Israelites so I said as he usedto say in his prostration, then he said it in Syriac and by God we did not see any prelate nor a priestthat can speak it better than him, and then he interpreted what he said in Arabic, so he said: he(Elijah) used to say in his prostration: would You punish me with Your hell and my feelings werethursty for You? Would you punish me and I put my face into the sand for You? Would You punish meand I avoided sins for You? Would You punish me and I was awake all my nights for You? ..etc, andGod then inspired to him (Elijah): raise your head up for I will not punish you for I fullfil the promisesthat I give. We pointed out that the narrations about Elijah are a lot, so let us have enough with thismuch and it is enough to know him and to take the sermons.

Some Conditions of Ðul-Kifl (PUH)

As attributed to Al-Tabarsi: as for Ðul-Kifl many people differ about him, some said that he was afaithful man and not a prophet, but he promised a prophet that he will fast the day time and worshipat night and never be angry and work with the truth and so he did so God did thank him for this, andothers said that he is a prophet. As attributed to `Abdul-`Adheem Al-Hasani that he said: I wrote toAl-Jawâd (PUH) asking him about Ðul-Kifl, about his name and wether he is a prophet or not? Heanswered: God sent one hundred and twenty four thousand prophets, and the messangers of themare three hundred and thirteen men, and Ðul-Kifl is one of them (PUT), and he came after Solomonben David (PUH), and used to judge between people as David used to do and never been angryexcept for God and his name was `Uwidâyâ (Obadiah). God said: And make mention of Ishmael andElisha and Dhu'l-Kifl. All are of the chosen(Sad:48), and also God said: And (mention) Ishmael, andIdris, and Dhu'l-Kifl. All were of the steadfast. And We brought them in unto Our mercy. Lo! they areamong the righteous(Al-Anbiyâ':85-86). As attributed to the prophet (PUH) when he was asked aboutÐul-Kifl he said: he was a man from Hadhramaut (Hazarmaveth) and his name was `Uwidâyâ benAdrim, and when Elisha grew old he said: I want to make a viceroy after me that works betweenduring my life and see what shall he do, so he gathered the people and said to them: who shallaccept three from me and I will make him a viceroy after me: to fast the daytime and worship atnight and never be angry, so then a man stood up that the eyes of men did not like to see him evenand said: me! And he was a prophet. Then the Satan said to his followers: who shall take care of him?Then one of them, and he was called Al-Abyadh (the white), said: I shall take care of him, so then theSatan said: go to him and you might be able to make him angry, and then Al-Abyadh tried his best tomake the man angry but he could not, so then he got despaired of turning the man into anger, sothen God revealed his story to the prophet to take the sermons out of it and to be patience for theharm that gets to him as like the prophets did have patience as well as the messangers of theSteadfast [Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and later Muhammad].

As mentioned by Al-Þa`labi as he mentioned by others: Ðul-Kifl was Bishr ben Job, the prophet ofadversities (PUH), and God sent him as a prophet after his father to the lands of Romans and theybelieved in him, and then God ordered him to stand up for fighting the enemy and make his peoplestand up as well, but they denied that and said to him: O Bishr, we love life and hate death, and we

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hate to rebel and refuse the commandments of God as well, so if you asked God to make our liveslonger and never make us die unless we wanted to then we shall worship Him fully and fight againstHis enemies, and we shall answer you and obey you with whatever you command us with, then Bishrsaid to them: you asked for something great, then he went to pray and asked God and said: O myLord, You ordered us to fight Your enemies and You know that I don't owe anything but myself andthat my people asked me what You know better than me about so do not take me by the mistakes ofothers, and then God inspired to him: I heard the request of your people and I gave them what theywant so they shall not die unless they want to, so be their surety for Me, and then Bishr told themthe message of God and so he was called Ðul-Kifl [Arabic: kafal = to assure/guarantee/to take careof]. Then they reproduced and grew wider until the lands were full of them and their lives becameharder because of their numbers, so then they asked Bishr to pray to God to let them back to theiroriginal state and then God inspired to Bishr: did not they know that My choice for them is betterthan their choice for themselves, and then God turned them back to their original state and theydied with their appointed times, and then Al-Þa`labi said: for this the Romans were so much innumber so that it is said that the five sixth of the world is made of Romans, and they were calledRomans because they are descendants of Roum ben Esau ben Isaac ben Abraham (PUH), and Bishrlived in the lands of Canaan until he died, and his age when he died was ninety five.

David (PUH)

When David killed Goliath, the armies got separated and got back from their coming destination andGod made him victorious and he became closer for Saul and he (Saul) made him marry his daughterMichal and he also made him a leader fos his armies and the Israelites considered him a great manand the friendship grew tight between David and the son of Saul Yonaþân (Jonathan) and therelations between David and Saul were good for some time, and then when the conditions of Davidgrew higher and he became famous among the people and the Israelites became under hiscommands, Saul envied him for this and feared him and feared that he would try to take from himthe kingdom, so he desired to kill him and assasinate him, but his son Jonathan used to defend him(David) and praise him and show his father that he is loyal to him and worked on enhancing theposition of David in the eyes of his father. When Saul wanted to destroy David, his wife Michal, thedaughter of Saul, warned him and he ran away, and she told her father that he (David) is on his bedso send someone to kill him and when they wanted to they only found some clothes been covered.This is what was told by some historians and seems that they copied this from Torah apparently.Then David gathered his close relatives and his brothers in belief and whoever was escaping Saul ofthe Israelites and lot of others joined him and so he became stronger and he raised up to face Saul,and then many chasings and wars started between them and at the end David won and killed him(Saul). They say then after that David went to the city of Hebron and then the men of Judah came tohim and they were far from him before, and they gave him the kingdom and made him a king overthe house of Judah as he is a king over others, and so his kingdom grew wider even, and there were a

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group of people of them (the house of Judah) and others among the Israelites that did not go alongwith him and went under the command of the son of Saul, and also the men of his father and theleaders of the armies, and wars again started between them until the son of Saul died after two yearsof wars beginning between him and David, and when he died, David had all the kingdom and all theIsraelites came under his command and he lived in the city of Jirun (Hebron) [seems there is aprinting mistake in this point], and it is the city of Al-Khaleel now [Al-Khaleel, the Arabic name ofHebron], and he lived there for seven years and then he moved to Sahyun (Zion) and it is a fort thatwas called later on by the city of Dâwud (David), and there lived beside him lot of enemies but at theend all of them came under his command and all of their lands became under the rule of theIsraelites, and there were lot of wars during the days of rule of David and he went out of themvictorious, and his kingdom grew wider until he reached the bay of Aqabah and the Euphrates inIraq, so all of these lands went under his command after many wars that he won all, and so heconquered the lands of Palestine and took Damascus the capital of the Arameans after fierce wars,and he fought against the tribes and clans on the Euphrates and won against them all, and he ruledJordan after wars with Ammonites. That was in brief what was mentioned in Torah and the real thingis known only by God. It is attributed to Al-Bâqir (PUH) that he said: God did not send prophets askings after Noah except of four: Ðul-Qarnain and his name was `Ayyâsh, and David and Solomon andJoseph (PUT), and as for `Ayyâsh he ruled what was between the east and west, and as for David heruled the lands of Canaan upto the lands of Issachar, and so it was the same for Solomon, and as forJoseph he ruled Egypt and its lands and did not come over behind this. As for Solomon, maybe thatwas the beginning of his rule because what is well-known about him that he ruled what was betweenthe east and west as Ðul-Qarnain without a difference, although there is a difference in thementioned narration and only God knows. As reported by Sâhib Al-Kâmil [either a book's or aperson's name] that David ben Jesse was from the house of Judah and when Saul was killed all of theIsraelites came to him and gave him the keys of treasures of Saul and they made him a king overthem and when he became a king God made him a prophet and revealed upon him the Zabur(Psalms) and He ordered the mountains and the birds to sanctify God with him when he does, andGod did not give anyone a voice like his voice and whenever he used to read the psalms the beastswould come to him even if he wanted to take hold of their necks, and he used to worship at nightand fast the daytime and used to eat from his own work and trade.

They say that at the time of David, the plague spread among the people and so he went out withthem to the location of the Temple and he used to see before that time the angels going to heavensfrom that location and that is why he went to that location to pray to God in it, so when he stood inthe location of the Rock and prayed to God to raise the plague from among them, God answered himthen and they all knew that this spot is a sacred one and he made a mosque in it, and they started tobuild it for eleven years from the time of his rule but he died before it is done and he advised his sonSolomon to complete its building. They say when the end of David drew near, he had a maid thatused to lock all the doors and bring the keys to him, and then he prays to his Lord, and one night shelocked all the doors as usual and then she came back and she saw a man so she said to him: who letyou into the room? He said to her: I am the one who goes into the courts of kings without theirpermission, and David heard this so he asked: are you the angel of death? He said: yes, and Davidthen said to him: shouldn't you send messangers to me to get prepared? Then the angel of deathsaid: I sent to you many times before, and then David asked: who was your messanger? He said:where is your father and your brother and your neighbour, and he mentioned some names, so David

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answered: they all died, so he said: they are my messangers to you and you shall die as they diedbefore, and so he took his soul. When he died, Solomon inherited his kingdom, and he had nineteensons but only Solomon inherited him, and his age at the time of his death was one hundred years,and his rule was for forty years (out of the one hundred years), and some others say that he lived forone hundred and forty years. Al-Mas`udi mentioned that God made the iron flexible for David and sohe made out of it the shields and He made the mountains and the birds sanctify with him, and thenhe said: and God revealed upon him the psalms in Hebrew and made of one hundred and fiftychapters and divided it into three thirds, and the last third of them is made of sermons andattractions and warnings, and it has no commands and no laws, and David built a house forworshipping in Jerusalem and it is the Sacred House (the Temple) and it is the one the remained untilthis very day and it is called the chancel of David [Arabic: Mihrâb Dâwud], and from the top of it onecan see the dead sea and the river Jordan, and God gave many favours for David and gave him lot ofproperities that would not pass over the mind of anyone and He praised him aind thanked for himthe beautiful stands he did take.

God did test him and showed his faith and he was one of the best that God did choose for Hisreligion and for His inspirations, of those who guide with His own commands and turn angry for Hiscase with a plain clue that is not corrupted with doubt, for they are infallible and faithful and wisewith passion.

The Awaited Manifesto

God did say: And assuredly We gave David grace from Us, (saying): O ye hills and birds, echo hispsalms of praise! And We made the iron supple unto him(Saba':10), and He spoke to His prophet(PUH) by saying: Bear with what they say, and remember Our bondman David, lord of might, Lo! hewas ever turning in repentance (toward Allah). Lo! We subdued the hills to hymn the praises (of theirLord) with him at nightfall and sunrise, And the birds assembled; all were turning unto Him. Wemade his kingdom strong and gave him wisdom and decisive speech(Sâd:17-20), and He said inanother chapter: And we preferred some of the prophets above others, and unto David We gave thePsalms(Al-Isrâ':55), and also He mentioned as attributed to him (David): And he said: O mankind! Lo!we have been taught the language of birds, and have been given (abundance) of all things. Thissurely is evident favour(Al-Naml:16) [I belive in this point the author was mistaken because it seemsthe Solomon is the one who said this sentence as mentioned in Quran and not David], and there arelot of other holy phrases, so check them out. It is mentioned that when David used to read thepsalms and come cross the lands you would see the beasts and birds would sanctify with him and allwould say as he is saying as if it was not possible to help about it but to follow him with what he wassaying even if it was about a non-living object, and that is the miracle of David, or the thing thatshould be put under the question, and that is the clue for others to follow him and believe in himand in his message, because it is heard from the mountains and the birds their sanctificationwhenever David does and none before did hear their way of sanctification, thus it should be knownthat this is something from God for him, and all of these things point out to his highness and his

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power where He made the mountains under his command and also the birds when they gatheraround him when he reads the book of his Lord, either listening with care or attracted withhumiliation and for the command of their Lord going forth, and driven by the sound of miracle andthe words of the Giver, the Lord of angels and soul. He also made the iron supple unto him and madeit like wax in his hands to take whatever he likes from and leave whatever he likes without putting itto fire and striking by tools and force, and he used to do the shields with his hands as a miracle forhim and abnormal thing, otherwise it would not be a special thing if he used to use fire to make itand the miracle of God would not be apparent, and he used to make the shields out of the iron ringsand not iron sheets so they can become lighter for anyone who wear them and protect him againsthis enemies and also to allow some air to go through his body thus he can stay in rest and safe andnever be annoyed with it. God did say: And We taught him the art of making garments (of mail) toprotect you in your daring. Are ye then thankful?(Al-Anbiyâ':80) so meditate, may God reveal amercy upon you, in the way that God mentions His favours, and concentrate on understanding thewisdom from the speech of your Lord, the Wise, the Almighty that He pointed out about this, and Healso said: We made his kingdom strong and gave him wisdom and decisive speech(Sâd:20). So, Hemade him a wise judge and a prophet and a messenger and a victorious king against his enemies,before he comes a prophet and a king and then after as well. He remained for long time without anyopposition from anyone unless he had defeated it and God made him strong with his respect andmade him victorious by His strength and by his will and by the believers, and they say that he prayedto God to teach him how to judge among people with what God has of facts and realities so thenGod inspired to him: O David people won't bear that and I will show you. Then a man came to himand claimed that another man had wronged him and been aggressive towards him, so then Godinspired to him that the one who is claiming killed the father of the one who was claimed on withouthaving a right to do so, and so He commanded him to command the man who was claimed on to killthe claiming man as a revenge for his father, and so when he did so the Israelites took that for greatand they said: a man came to him (to David) to complain and he ordered the aggressive one to killthe one of complaint! and there were lot of sayings and gossip about it and claimed that David iswrong-doer and ignorant and so on, and then David asked God to give him a relief from this troubleand said: O Lord save me from what I fell in, so God then inspired to him: O David, you asked Me toinspire you with the judgement with the right I have and so the rightful judgement was that the(aggressive) man should kill the claiming man as a revenge for his father, and he (the father) is buriedin that place in a garden under that tree so go one with the Israelites and call him with his name andhe shall answer you and ask him about the one who killed him and let the Israelites hear his speechso that you will be excused and your situation is fixed among them and stop to doubt about you, andso he took them with him to the place of his grave and he called him with his name and the mananswered: here I am O prophet of God, and he asked him: who killed you? He answered: that man(naming the killer), so then the Israelites believed in him again and obeyed him when they heardthat. Then God inspired to him: O David the servants will not be able to bear the judgement withwhat right I do have so ask the one claiming to give the clues and swear by My name. And God gavehim the wisdom and the decisive speech, and the meaning of "wisdom" as it is defined by thelanguage is to put everything in its right place and doing the right thing that has no mistakes in it andno one is able to criticise it, so it has no mistakes and is not accompanied with regret and sorrow, butit is a complete act, so God gave him the prophecy and also the wisdom in addition to it. theprophecy is to receive the commands and the regulations from God by inspirations and by heart, andthe wisdom is something else that God did give to him as a gift from Him for him without studying or

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researching or competing with the soul, and the prophecy can be a road to the wisdom that Godmade it special for whom He chose from His servants and He is the Passionate the Knower.

We do not about the wisdom of the prophets, and they are the most complete men at their timeamong their own people [some words here I couldn't understand] and for this David said to Luqmânthe wise: joy for you O Luqmân, you were given the wisdom and the adversities were drawn awayfrom you, and it is the leadership and the prophecy. David had a nice voice and a nice reading and hisreading for the psalms had a passion that would take the hearts of the listeners away and attractthem without their choice and their souls would be affected, I imagine it as if the legs of the listenersstopped and their hands stopped doing their jobs and the senses and all the feelings are attracted towhat the ear is listening to of the melodies of David and his passion to be for his Lord and how he isfeeling safe under the protection of his Lord and how he is in love with his Lord as if his mind is lostfor his Lord when he speaks to Him seeking His satisfaction and afraid of His punishment and eagerfor His paradise and its luxuries and whatever the Giver did make in it for His faith followers who arefaithful and eager for His gifts. In the Zabur there are the sermons and the tidings about whathappened and what will be happening, and in them there is the sanctifications and the praises forGod and humiliations before Him and before His might and power. The Zabur is the psalms and it ismade of one hundred and fifty psalms. About this matter, there are some opinions for people of thescriptures (Jews,Christians) and others that are not true at all because such opinions oppose theplace of prophecy and its holiness, so there is no infallibility except for him who did God made himinfallible and the guidance is by God and no power except by Him, the Exalted. As attributed to IbnAbi-Al-Hadeed he said that David was given the nice voice and the nice reading which made the birdsfall down for him on his praying niche and the beasts would hear him and get along among thepeople without fearing them because of his nice voice, and in a speech for the prince of believers(PUH) in Al-Nahj [a book's name]: if you desired I shall make a third for David, the owner of thepsalms and the reader of paradise, for he used to work with the palm leaves with his hands and thensay to his companions: who would be able to sell it and eat the bread of barley out of its price. Theysay that David divided the times of day and night for his family so that no hour passed by unless oneof his children is in prayer, so that God did say: Give thanks, O House of David!(Saba':13). It ismentioned that the power of David made him able to take a sheep from his cattle that would becaptured by a lion, out of the lion's mouth by his bare hands, and it is mentioned that he was a shortman with not so much hair, this is what was mentioned in Safinat Al-Bihâr for Al-Muhaddiþ Al-Qummi.

Climbing Into The Champer and Straying of Sheeps Into The Farm

In the chapter of Al-Anbiyâ': And David and Solomon, when they gave judgment concerning the field,when people's sheep had strayed and browsed therein by night; and We were witnesses to theirjudgment. And We made Solomon to understand (the case); and unto each of them We gavejudgment and knowledge(Al-Anbiyâ':78-79) and in the chapter of Sâd: And hath the story of thelitigants come unto thee? How they climbed the wall into the royal chamber; How they burst in uponDavid, and he was afraid of them. They said: Be not afraid! (We are) two litigants, one of whom hathwronged the other, therefor judge aright between us; be not unjust; and show us the fair way. Lo!this my brother hath ninety and nine ewes while I had one ewe; and he said: Entrust it to me, and heconquered me in speech(Sâd:21-23). Here we have to cases: the straying of the sheeps into the fieldand the climbing into the royal champer. The first is shared by David and his son Solomon (PUT) and

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the second is special for David, and about the case of the straying of sheeps it is as attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) about this holy phrase is that the rules of prophets before David upto his time was thatthe sheeps and other domestic animals like camels and cows, if they grazed upon some plants thenthe owner of these plants or agriculture will be the owner of them and the straying is only done atnight for the owner of the farm must guard his farm at daytime and the owner of the sheep mustguard his sheeps at night time, so David judged with what the prophets had judged with before him,so then God inspired to Solomon and he was eleven years old at that time, as it was mentioned: anysheep that graze in other's farm, then the owner of the farm has only the right to get what is formedin their bodies, and this is how it went (for judges) after Solomon, so Solomon ordered to get thesheeps back for the owner of the farm and get benefit of their milk and their offsprings and theirwools, and the farm shall be in the hands of the sheeps owners to fix it and get it back as it wasbefore it was grazed upon, and then after that everything gets back to how it was and the sheeps getback to their owners and the farm to its owner and this is the judgement of Solomon that God madehim understand, so everyone of them, David and Solomon, judged with the commands of God andthey did not disobey the commandments of God, and it is by God's saying: and unto each of themWe gave judgment and knowledge(Al-Anbiyâ':79).

In another narration it is mentioned that God inspired to David to make a successor for himself fromhis family because I knew in My ancient knowledge that I do not send a prophet except with asuccessor from his own family, and David had many children that time and the one that was assignedto be by God was Solomon, and then directly two men came to David to judge for their farm andsheeps and then God inspired to David to gather all his sons and whoever judges with a rightfuljudgement in this case then he is your successor, so then David gathered all his sons and when thetwo men told their stories Solomon said to the farmer: O farmer, when did this man's sheeps go intoyour farm? He answered: they went into it by night, then he said: I judge you O owner of the sheepsto give the offsprings of your sheeps and their milk and their wools for the owner of the farm in thisyear, and then David said to him: how come you did not judge with giving the sheeps and thescholars of the Israelites did assure that before and the price of the eaten plants is the price of thesheeps? Then said Solomon: the plants were not taken out from the roots but the sheeps did eat itstop and this would return back in the future, and then God inspired to David that the judgement inthis case is what Solomon did judge with. There are other narrations of the Household (PUT) with thesame meaning and some of them include the addition of the two judgements together where thesheeps did eat the root and the branch then the farm owner would have the sheep, or otherwise it isas Solomon did judge with. Solomon also judged to keep the sheeps by their owners at night and tokeep the farm by its owners at daytime, as it was mentioned before. Meditate! As for the case of theclimbing into the royal champer they said: David divided his time and made one day for worshippingand a day for advising and sermons and a day to judge for the people and a day for his ownself, andhe put some guards on his door so that no one could go inside without his permission and no onewould dare to go inside except by his agreement. In the day of his worshipping while he stayed awayfrom the people and praying in his champer, then two men climbed the wall and got inside while hethought he is in safe from anyone that desires to go inside because there were guards, so they wentdown to him from the roof or the ceiling and he got afraid and they said to him then: do be afraid weare two men in fight that one had wronged the other so judge between us with just and do notwrong, meaning do not wrong us with your judgement, and guide is to the righteous path of just, thisis my brother he has ninety nine ewes and I have only one ewe, and it is the female of the sheep, and

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he said to me: entrust it to me, meaning to be of my own, so that I would have a complete onehundred ewes, and he conquered me in the speech, so that he won against me and defeated me andI couldn't do anything, and then David said to the owner of one ewe: he wronged you by asking youfor your only ewe, and David denied the greed of the owner of many ewes and he described him as awrong-doer and made it as a great awful thing is to attack the owner of the one ewe and he said:many partners oppress one another, save such as believe and do good works, and they arefew(Sâd:24), and then David looked back to the two of them and found them as angels and nothuman beings and that God sent them to him to warn him for something he had done.

God had tested him with their imaginary fight and in fact there were no fight and they had nothingbut to warn him for what he had done: And David guessed that We had tried him(Sâd:24), meaningWe tested him by that case and he was aware, and he sought forgiveness of his Lord, and he bowedhimself and fell down prostrate and repented(Sâd:24), meaning he prostrated to his Lord withhumiliation and he felt that he judged so fast for the owner of the one ewe and called the owner ofmany ewes as a wrong-doer and did not ask the man under the charge and did not ask for clues fromthe claiming man, and he felt that he did something wrong against the regulations and what thesacred law did regulate. For this he did prostrate with regret and humiliation for his Lord and askingfor forigveness. This what happened with him and from him since the time of angels revelation whilehe was in his champer. They said about the reason for revealing these holy phrases is that David wasinclined to marry a woman that her husband died and she completed her mourning period. Thesituation is that he is in no need to marry her because he already had many wives, and for theIsraelites that was prohibited before the time of David but God made it legal for him. Whathappened with him is that he married the wife of Uriah after his death and after she completed thetime of mourning , and Uriah was a faithful man and the neighbour of David and he was killed in thecamp of David, so David married his wife after she had completed the time of her mourning but theIsraelites denied doing this as we mentioned before. It is mentioned by Al-Ridhâ (PUH) in a speechfor him about the infallibility of prophets and he mentioned David and made him infallible and awayfrom any wrong doing and mentioned him with great deeds and then the Imâm (PUH) askedsomeone that was attending and he (PUH) knows better what he is asking about but that was only tomake a way for the speech to come and to obtain the things. So he (PUH) said: what do people sayabout the case of David and his mistake? They said: they say that David was praying in his champerwhen Iblis (Satan) had the shape of a bird that no other bird had its beauty, so David then cut offpraying and went to the bird trying to catch him, but the bird went out into the house and he kept onbehind it, but the bird flew to the roof and he went up there trying to catch him and the bird downto the house of Uriah (ben Hayyân) and David looked at him there and he found the wife of Uriahwashing herself and she was naked and when he looked at her he loved her and desired her, and atthe time he (David) sent Uriah for some invasions, so he sent to his friend and the high commanderof the army to make Uriah at the front of the ark, and so he did and he defeated the enemies andthat was hard for David, so he sent again and commanded to make Uriah at the front again, and sohe did and he was killed then and David married his wife. The narrator then said: then the Imâmstruck his holy forehead with his hand and said: Innâ Lillâh Wa'Innâ Ilayhi Raji`un (we are for God andto God we will return) [a phrase said when something horrible happens] you claimed that a prophetof God took his praying with easiness for a bird and then he commited adultery and then killedsomeone. Then they said: O son of the prophet what was his mistake then? Then he (PUH) said: woeto you! David only thought that God did not create someone wiser than him so God sent down for

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him the two angels and they climbed the wall of the champer and said to him: two men foughtagainst each other...etc, and David then made a fast decision against the charged man and said tohim (the man claiming): he had wronged you for asking you for your only ewe, and he did not ask theclaiming man for clues and did not ask the charged man for explanations, and that was the mistakeof David and not what others do say, didn't you hear God's saying: O David! Lo! We have set thee as aviceroy in the earth; therefor judge aright between mankind..etc(Sâd:26). Then they asked the Imâm(PUH): O son of prophet of God then what is the story of David with Uriah, so Al-Ridhâ (PUH) thensaid: the woman at the time of David was never to be married after the death of her husband, andthe first man that God allowed him to marry a woman that her husband was killed was David, so hemarried the wife of Uriah when he was killed and her mourning was over, and for this was hard forthe people. For this it is mentioned by Al-Sâdiq (PUH): the satisfaction of people is not to be ownedand their tongues are not to be fixed, did not they claim that David followed the bird until he lookedat the wife of Uriah and loved her and he made her husband at the front of the ark until her husbandgot killed and he married her then after? They mentioned that the prince of believers (PUH) said:who talked about the narration of David as the narrators say it shall be whipped one hundred andsixty times for claiming killing with attacking the high place of prophecy. It was one punishment withemphasis on attacking the prophet's name with lies.

It is narrated that David (PUH) climbed up a mountain and there was a prophet called Ezekiel on itand he used to worship God there, so David took a permission from Ezekiel and God inspired him(Ezekiel) to go and meet him so he went down to him and took him from his hand and climbed withhim up, and then David said: O Ezekiel, ever thought of doing a sin? He answered: no, then he(David) said: are you wondering about your own worshipping for God? He answered: no, then he(David) said: ever thought of life and desired some of its ornaments? He answered: yes, maybe thatwas in my heart, then said he (David): and what do you do then? He answered: I go into that roomand think about what is inside, so then David went into the room and found a bed made of iron withan old skull on it and old bones and there were a plate of iron with a scripture: I am Uri ben Sâlim,ruled for one thousand years and built one thousand cities and deflowered one thousand maidens,and my end was that my bed was to the dust and the stones were my pillow and snakes with wormswere my neighbours, and whoever sees me let him never be tricked by this life. It is mentionedbefore that David married the woman of Uriah after her husband's death and ending her mourning,and she gave birth to Solomon for him, and that was mentioned for sure. In God's speech: So Weforgave him that; and lo! he had access to Our presence and a happy journey's end(Sâd:25), as it ismentioned by Al-Tabarsi: they differed in what was the purpose of this forigveness, and for whyDavid did ask for forgiveness, so it was said that he got that by isolation to God and humiliation toHim by worshipping as it did happen with Abraham as God did tell it: And Who, I ardently hope, willforgive me my sin on the Day of Judgment(Al-Shu`arâ':82), and this is the most probable for the highlevel of infalliblity of prophet in all conditions and against all sins as it was proved before, while somesaid: it is allowed to say that they (prophets) do the little sins as it is apparent from God's saying: andhe sought forgiveness of his Lord, and he bowed himself and fell down prostrate andrepented(Sâd:24), and then from God's acceptance for his forgiveness' seeking: So We forgave himthat(Sâd:25), and according to this they differed also in the case of David, some said: it is that Uriahasked for proposal to a woman and her family accepted that marriage but David then went and asedfor proposal to her after him (Uriah) and because of his holiness they made him marry the womaninstead of Uriah, and that was a sin and he was blamed for it, another saying is that David sent Uriah

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to some place and he was killed but he didn't turn sad for him because he was inclined to marry hiswife, and that was a sin so he was blamed by sending down on him the two angels. A third saying isthat when a man was to be dead and leave a woman then his masters are the ones to take care ofher, and thus when Uriah died, David married his wife and her family did not forbid him from doingso because of his high place, and that was a sin and so he was to be blamed, and a fourth saying isthat he was blamed for his fast decisions in judging people when the two men came to him and thisis what was explained afore, and there are other sayings that are needless to say and what we hadmentioned has enough for you, and God is the Bringer of sucesss.

Some of What Was Inspired to David (PUH) and Some of What Was Copied From His Sermons

Al-Mas`udi mentioned, as we pointed out before, that God revealed on David (PUH) the Psalms inHebrew and composed of one hundred and fifty chapters and it was made of three thirds, and incontained one third about Nebuchadnezzar and what he will do with the Israelites and about hisfuture, and another third is about what they will face from their enemies, and the last thirdcontained sermons and guidance with attraction and warnings, no commands nor forbids, and asmentioned by `Ali ben Tâwoos in the book of Sa`d Al-Su`ud that he saw in the psalms in the thirdchapter what meant like: O David I made you a leader on earth and Jesus will be taken as a godinstead of Me for the power I shall give to him and I made him resurrect the dead by My ownpermission, O David who did come to Me and sent him away? Who did repent in front of Me andbanished him away? Why don't you all sanctify God and He is the One who shaped you? Why don'tyou banish the sins from your hearts as if you will never die and as if the life is remaining for you?Also in the chapter: O people do not neglect the after-life, O Israelites if you thought about your endsand resurrection and remembered the doomsday and what I had prepared for the sinners, youwould laugh a little and cried a lot, but you have forgotten death, and you say and do not act, if youthought about the harshness of the ground and the loneliness of the grave and its darkness yourspeech would be less and your sanctifications would increase, you don't meditate in the creation ofheavens and earth and what I made in them of miracles and warnings, and I made the birds in theskies sanctify and fly in My properties and I am the Forgiver the Merciful, sanctification be to Him theCreator of light...and then he mentioned a lot of what he chose from the chapters of the Psalms thatcontained the examples and sermons, and some of them is: O David, if you saw a wrong-doer thatlife had lifted him up don't wish his place for he has one end of two: either I appoint a wrong-doermore than he is so to take revenge of him or I shall make him pay back at the doomsday, O David, ifyou just can see the owner of sins how a collar made of fire is put around his neck, your mind wouldbe buffled and surprised, so judge yourself and be just toward people and let life, and some of themis: woe tou you, if you just can see the paradise and what I made for My followers of luxury then youwouldn't have medicine for the sake of being healthy, O you who seek the delicious foods and drinks,where are those who made crying along with laughters? where are those who are at My worshippingplaces in summer and winter? Look today at what your eyes can see, your awake had been longwhile people are sleeping so enjoy today whatever you wanted for I forgave all of you, and your gooddeeds did banish away My rage against the people of earth, O David, whoever traded with Me thenhe is the winner of all of the traders. Also some of them: if your sins were put on the mountains theywould knock them down, O David, by My own Exaltation nothing is more harmful to you more thanyour own money and children and nothing is dearer to your heart more than them, and also: OAdam sons, and sons of ignorance, by My Exaltation, do not look to what I made forbidden for you, ifyou just saw the end of the sins you would make it so dirty for yourselves, and if you just saw the

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scentful women and how they became cured of the excitation of habits so they are the satisfied oneand never become angry and they are the everlasting ones and never die, and everytime they aredeflowered by their owners they become virgin again and sweeter than honey, and between the bedand sitting place there are raging waves, wine and honey every river is going to the other, woe to youthis is the great property and the eternal luxury and the happiest life and the everlasting joy. Fromthe thirtieth chapter of the Psalms as it is mentioned by Ibn Tâwoos: sons of Adam are captives ofthe dead, work for your after-life and buy it with your current life and don't be people of joy andignorance, and know that whoever had a loan from Me then his trade is completed, and who had aloan from the devil he shall be with him, why do you compete for the life and stray away from thetruth? you had pride in your ancestors but what is the ancestry of a man made of clay? But for Me itis the faith that counts, sanctification be to Him He who created the light. In the fourty-seventhchapter: do you know David why I mutated the Israelites so that I made out of them monkeys andpigs? Because when a rich come to them with a great sin they passed that and when a poor mancomes to them with something smaller than that they take revenge of him, I made My curse forevery tyrant on earth that does not judge the poor and the rich in one rule, you follow your ego inthis life, where to escape when you are alone with Me? How many times did I forbid you to look atthe honor of the believers but your tongues reached the honor of people? Sanctification be to theCreator of light. It is also mentioned that the psalms have this verse: but they were busy with life solet them go into it and play in it until My command is issued and I shall not waste the rewards of thefaithful people. Sanctification be to the Creator of light.

That was some of what was assured of the sermons in the psalms and it is some of what wasmentioned by Ibn Tâwoos in his book "Sa`ad Al-Su`ud" and I had left most of what he hadmentioned, and God knows the truth of things, and it has nothing that opposes what other prophetsand messangers did bring, and thanks be to God the Lord of worlds.

it is mentioned that God said to David: love Me and make Me beloved by My creation, so he said: OLord, I love You, but how shall I make You beloved to Your creation? He answered him: mention Myfavors to them for if you did that they will love Me. They also say that some of what God inspired tohim: if My servant get to Me by a good deed then My paradise I shall make for him guaranteed, andthen David said: O Lord what is that good deed? He answered: it is to make My faithful servantshappy even by a date, then David said: it is true for he who knew You never to lose hope in You. Asattributed to Al-Bâqir (PUH) that he said: while David was sitting and with him there was a youngman that looked miserable, and he used to sit with him and be silent all the time, at that time theangel of death arrived and greeted him (David) and then looked at the young man for long time, andthen David said to him: you looked at that young man? He answered: yes, I am commanded to takeout his soul after seven days in this position, so David had a mercy for him and said to him: O youngman, do you have a wife? He answered: no I've never married, so then David said to him: go to thatperson, who was a great man among the Israelites, and say to him that David commands you to letme marry your daughter at this night, and you take whatever you need of expenses, and then hecontinued: stay with her O young man for seven days and when the seven days are passed come tome in this position, so the young man went along with the message of David and the great man gavehim his daughter as a wife and the young man stayed with her for seven days and came back to Davidat the eighth day, so David then said to him: how did you see what you have been in? He answered:I've never been in such a luxury as this, and David waited so that his soul is taken, but when the timepassed on, David ordered him to leave and be with his family for seven days and come back to him

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later, so the young man went away and came at the eighth day and sat with him (David), and wentaway again for another week and came back to sit with him, and then the angel of death came toDavid so David asked him: didn't you tell me that you were ordered for take the soul of this youngman after seven days? He answered: yes, and eight did pass with eight and eight, and then hecontinued: O David God had mercy for him for your mercy for him so He added to his age thirty moreyears. As attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said: God inspired to David (PUH) that the daughter ofAws is one of paradise's people so tell her about it and tell her that she's your companion inparadise, so he went to her and told her so, so she said: it might be a name that is similar to mine, sohe said to her: no it is but you yourself, and then she said: O prophet of God, I don't claim you are aliar and by God I don't know in myself whatever you mentioned, then said David: tell me about yourheart and mind, so she said: for this I can tell you about, for every pain and every need is revealed onme I've been always patient and I never asked God to give a relief until God Himself give a relief andnever asked for compensation and always thanked God for it, and then said David: by this you'vebecome to what are you now, and then Al-Sâdiq (PUH) continued: this is the religion of God thatmade it for the faithful, and this level is the highest level of satisfaction with God's judgements, andthe prince of believers (PUH) used to have a pride for reaching this level and to its core, and he usedto say: if God, the Exalted, put me into the hell for torment I wouldn't say it is hell but it is paradise,because He, the Exalted, is satisfied to make it for me and my paradise is His satisfaction, so Hiswrath is their hell and His satisfaction is their paradise. This level of satisfaction with His judgementsis not reached except by His faithful followers and the chosen ones, and whoever claimed it is anarrogant and a liar and no one can reach it except of the faithful ones that God tested their heartswith belief: Few of My bondmen are thankful(Saba':13). It is mentioned and assured that once theprince of believers (PUH) said to the prophet (PUH) at the day of Ohod [Ohod: name of a mountainand battle that took place near that place. The muslims won the first round of the battle but lostbecause they left their locations and the disbelievers attacked them from behind] when the muslismdid run away from the prophet and he (`Ali ben Abi Tâlib) remained alone striking with his sworddefending the prophet, and he then said: O prophet of God you promised me to be a martyr andtoday is the day for it but what did make me lose its joy? Then the prophet (PUH) to him: you willhave it after me when you fight against those who did not fullful their promise and those who areunjust and those who are against religion, and also he used to say: by God, the children of Abi Tâlibare satisfied with death more than a child that is satisfied with the breast of his mother, and he saidto his son Al-Hasan (PUH): your father doesn't care if he looked for death or death looked forhim...etc. So, the prophet and his viceroy and his Household and their loyality for God and theirsatisfaction with God's commandments is something finished and not to be discussed, and it is moreobvious than the sun and more assured than the yesterday, may God ends our lives with their loveand loyality for them, Amen.

Mutation of Israelites

God did say: And ye know of those of you who broke the Sabbath, how We said unto them: Be yeapes, despised and hated! And We made it an example to their own and to succeeding generations,and an admonition to the Allah-fearing (Al-Baqarah:65-66), and also: Ask them (O Muhammad) ofthe township that was by the sea...etc(Al-A`râf: 163). In one narration they were three groups: onedid the forbidden deeds, and one denied this, and one that did not deny and did not do theforbidden, so God saved those who denied this attitude, and made those who did not deny it as adust, and mutated the group that used to do the foribdden deeds and made them as apes. The

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narrator of this narration, and he is `Ali ben Tâwoos: the mutation of the group that did not deny intodust or grains might be because that they made the greatness of God so small and made it such aneasy thing to come over God's laws, so God made them small and turned them into grains. Asattributed to `Ali ben Al-Husain (PUH) about God's saying: And ye know of those of you who brokethe Sabbath...etc, that they were living by the sea and God with the prophets forbade them to huntfishes in Sabbath so they made a tricky way to allow what had been illegal for them, so they madeditches and made a way leading to a basin that whales can enter but cannot leave it, so the whalescame on the Sabbath and feeling safe and then fell into the basin, and when it was night time anddesired to leave they couldn't and remained there, so they can pick them from there without huntingand easily on the next day and so they say "we did not hunt on Sabbath" and they did so until theirfortunes increased.

In brief, what they did and what they ended up with as been told in the narration of Al-Sajjâd (`Aliben Al-Husain) (PUH) is that they were in a town of a population of nearly eighty thousand, andthose who did the forbidden deeds counted as much as seventy thousand, and the rest are thosewho denied such deeds, and those who denied such deeds did leave the rest to another village, andGod then mutated those who did the wrong deeds into apes, and after mutation the others did visitthem to check their conditions after such rebel and bad deeds and they found them turned intoapes, and the comers used to identify each ape of them and say for any of them: your are so and so,and the ape would shake his head for agreement with a tear in his eyes for his sorrow and regret forwhat he did and for what happened to him, and they remained like this for three days, and God thensent down on them the rains and storms that swept them to the sea and whoever remained wasmutated again as well, this is as it is mentioned in the Tales of Prophets for Al-Jazâ'iri. Then said Al-Sajjâd (PUH): and those you see now with the same shape are similar creatures but they are not thesame as those before and they are not from their descendants, and then he (PUH) said: God mutatedthose for hunting fishes in ways God did not allow so how is it then with those who killed thechildren of the prophet of God and broke their veils? even though God did not mutate them in thislife but He prepared for them what is counted as multiplies of the torture of mutation, and then he(PUH) said: those who broke the Sabbath if only they asked God by the rights of Muhammad and hisHousehold (PUT) to prevent them from doing such bad deeds, He would answer them, but God didnot inspire them to do so for their rebellious nature and so He did not guide them to the way of theirhappiness. In a narration told about the interpretation of God's saying: Those of the Children of Israelwho went astray were cursed by the tongue of David, and of Jesus, son of Mary..etc(Al-Mâ'idah:78),and the most famous thing is that apes are mentioned by the tongue of David and the pigs by thetongue of Jesus, and Al-Baydhâwi [seems a scholar name] said: it is mentioned that when the peopleof Obbalah - and it is a village - when they broke the Sabbath, God damned them by the tongue ofDavid and were mutated to apes and pigs, and the people of the table when they disbelieved in Jesushe prayed against them and damned them and they were mutated into pigs and they were countedas much as five thousand men. Al-Sayid Al-Jazâ'iri said: Obbalah is a location near by Basra, and inGod's saying: Ask them (O Muhammad) of the township that was by the sea(Al-A`râf:163), and asmentioned in the interpretation of `Ali ben Ibrâhim: it was a township that belonged to the Israelitesand was by the sea, and in low and high tides the sea used to go into their rivers and farms and thefishes used to out of the sea and reach the end of their farms, and God prohibited them to hunt onSabbath so they get to prepare the nets on the night before Sabbath and hunt on sunday while thefishes used to go out on Sabbath and sunday, so their scholars prohibited them to do so but they

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didn't stop so they were mutated into apes and pigs, and the reason for prohibitition of hunting onSabbath was that that all believers and faithful ones and others had their holiday on friday but thejews denied that and made it on Sabbath (saturday) and said: our holiday is on Sabbath so Godprohibited hunting for them on Sabbath, and we've pointed out that they were divided into threemain groups, one group was advising against the wrong doing, and another group did not advise nordo the bad deeds and they said to the ones advising: Why preach ye to a folk whom Allah is about todestroy or punish with an awful doom(Al-A`râf:164) and the answer was: In order to be free fromguilt before your Lord, and that haply they may ward off (evil)(Al-A`râf:164), and then the first groupsaid: by God we shall not sit with you and do not live with you in this town that you made sins instarting from this night for we fear that adversities would be revealed upon you and us, so it ismentioned that they left the town and settled down near by and slept under the sky, and when itwas the morning time they went to check the sinners so they reached the gate of the town and itwas closed, and they knocked on it but none did answer and they did not hear any sounds ormovements, but they heard sounds like moaning that doesn't sound like human voices, so then theyput a ladder on the town's wall and made a man to climb over, so when he went on top and lookedon it he found out that most of the people turned into apes, so they broke the door and got insideand they said to them: hadn't we forbid you!. Whoever wants to check the story can check the longstories mentioned about them in this matter, and God is the Bringer of success.

Yunus (Jonah) (PUH)

They mentioned that God sent him to the people of Nineveh and it is a village that belongs to Al-Mosul in Iraq, and it is also an agricultural village near Kufa and it is now beside the shrine of Al-Husain the son of the prince of believers, the martyt of Karbala, may greetings and blessings be uponthem who fell there and peace, and Yunus ben Mattâ's (Jonah ben Amittai) story was told by God inmany chapters in His holy book, in Al-Nisâ', Al-An`âm, Yunus, Al-Anbiyâ', Al-Sâffât, Al-Qalam..etc. Heis also the man of the whale and Dhu'n-Nun [Arabic: Nun = Whale], and perhaps he is one of theIsraelites and nothing is known about him except that he is the son of Amittai as it was mentioned innarrations and interpretations. As it was mentioned, he was sent to the people of Nineveh and hewas thirty years old that time and they counted as many as one hundred thousand or more, andsome said one hundred and thirty thousand, and he lived with them for thirty three years callingthem all the time for God and to obey Him and none did answer except of two men, a worshipperand a scholar, and the worshipper's name was Melikha and the scholar's name was Rubeel, and he(Rubeel) was a man from the house of knowledge and prophecy with wisdom and he was an oldfriend for Jonah before God sent him with prophecy, and Melikha, or Tenukha was a weak man, awoshipper that worships all his time and had no knowledge nor wisdom, and Rubeel was a shepherdand Tenukha was a wood-cutter, and Rubeel had a place near Jonah another than that of Tenukha forhis wisdom and his old friendship. The people of Nineveh were extremely tyrant and Jonah wantedto pray against them, and the worshipper pointed out that he (Jonah) must pray against them andthe scholar forbade him and said: God doesn't like to destroy His slaves even if they weredisbelievers and they are appointed to the doomsday and their reward would be in hell, and they arein this life reproducing and working on earth and others are having benefits with their works andtheir crafts and God wants to give time to His servants, and God shall answer your pray upon themand they have among them the handicapped and the children, and by their destruction animals

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would be so also and the whole land would be destroyed by the destruction of servants. It ismentioned that he (Jonah) didn't listen to him and was not convinced, and the worshipper wasinsisting on praying against them, and then he prayed against them to be destroyed and Godanswered his prays in a special time that was appointed by Him and that was after forty days afterthe pray and after warning them, and perhaps his pray was on the fifteenth of Ramadhan [9th monthin lunar calendar], and it is mentioned that the day of the punishment was to be on wednesday inthe middle of Shawwâl [10th month in the lunar calendar] and he foretold them about it, but theydidn't care about it, but the scholar remained between them and warned them against God's wrath,and when it was the time, Jonah and the worshipper went out of the village waiting for thepunishment to be done, and when the signs of the punishment appeared, the scholar ordered themto repent and be faithful and to go out from the village with humiliation and crying for God, and toseparate children from their mothers and animals from their offsprings and to cry to God to forgivethem, and they did all that and the scholar was with them in all of their conditions, and at theappointed time, the punishment was revealed as a yellow wind the came from the east while theywere sitting as we described before, and the punishment turned around over their heads and thenspreaded in the mountains and they were saved from the punishment. And in the second day,thursday the sixteenth of Shawwâl from that year, Jonah and the worshipper Melikha came to seewhat happened to them and they saw them in the best conditions and nothing was done to them,and for this they say that God never stopped a punishment except for the folk of Jonah, and Jonahused to call them back to the faith but they refuse and he prayed against them and his pray wasanswered but then it was avoided for what we mentioned before, and then Jonah went out withanger and reached the seashore and saw a ship with a cargo that was near the land so he asked itsowners to carry him with them and they answered him and made him ride with them, and when theship moved and been in the middle of the sea, a large whale appeared for them in front of the shipand blocked its sailing and Jonah moved from his place to the other side and found out that thewhale was opening his mouth and wants to swallow him and Jonah ran away with fear, and they saidthat someone in the ship shouted out and said: one who did a sin let him show himself, but none didanswer him and then they made a lot and the arrow pointed at Jonah and they were sure that hewas the sinner so he threw himself into the sea and the whale swallowed him, so God said: And lo!Jonah verily was of those sent (to warn), When he fled unto the laden ship, And then drew lots andwas of those rejected; And the fish swallowed him while he was blameworthy; And had he not beenone of those who glorify (Allah), He would have tarried in its belly till the day when they are raised;Then We cast him on a desert shore while he was sick; And We caused a tree of gourd to grow abovehim; And We sent him to a hundred thousand (folk) or more, And they believed, therefor We gavethem comfort for a while(Al-Sâffât:139-148). It is probable that the whale casted him on a desertshore as it is shown in the holy phrase, and it is the land of no plants and for this God planted for hima gourd tree to shade him against the sun's heat because he was casted while he was sick, and hewas swallowed while he was angry and confused so he is considered a sick as well, and he remainedin the billy of the whale for three days, and some said nine hours, and others said seven days..etc.They say that Jonah was delighted for the gourd tree and out of sudden there were an insect thatwere eating its base so it dried out and the wind carried it away and he was sad for this, and then acall from God came saying: are you sorry for a gourd that doesn't care of itself and the Creatorwouldn't care about a village made of one hundred thousand or so that He wants to guide themfrom their wrong-doing and likes to avoid them from His punishment? Then God sent him back tothem and they believed in him and they enjoyed the life for some time. and Jonah for the people of

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the Scriptures [meaning jews and christians] is called Yonan ben Amittai [in Hebrew he is calledYonah, so the name seems in Aramaic], and he had a book with advices and regulations, andincluded in it that God ordered him to go to Nineveh because their evil is growing, and so then Yonanwent to escape to a village called Tarshish and so he stayed in Yâfâ (Yafo) and there he found a shipthat would sail to Tarshish, so when the ship sailed while he was on it, God sent a severe wind thatmade the ship almost sinking with everyone on it, and everyone of them was calling his god whileYonan was sleeping in the base of the ship so they woke him up and they made a lot to know whowas the reason of the anger of God and the lot pointed to him and then he told them about his storyand they wanted to go back to the shore but they couldn't, so he pointed out for them to throw himinto the sea so that the anger of God may fled away from them, and they did so and a great whaleswallowed him then the sea calmed down after, and the content is almost the same for the truth forwhich was founded in interpretations and history.

Then, most of what was mentioned of stories and opinions are from the Israelites and some of whatwas mentioned in them is against what was mentioned in Quran, and they mentioned whateverseemed right in their opinions and ornamented what they understood and manipulated of clues thatthey hanged on and whoever is interested in their sayings let him check their books, and in thechapter of Al-Qalam it was said to the prophet (PUH): But wait thou for thy Lord's decree, and be notlike him of the fish, who cried out in despair, Had it not been that favour from his Lord had reachedhim he surely had been cast into the wilderness while he was reprobate, But his Lord chose him andplaced him among the righteous(Al-Qalam:48-50). In another chapter: If only there had been acommunity (of all those that were destroyed of old) that believed and profited by its belief as did thefolk of Jonah! When they believed We drew off from them the torment of disgrace in the life of theworld and gave them comfort for a while(Yunus:98), and what is understood from the holy phrase isthat the previous nations that disbelieved in God, when a punishment was revealed on them, theirfaith would be useless except for the folk of Jonah for their faith was of benefit for them when thepunishment was revealed upon them and God carried it away from them, and also God said: And(mention) Dhu'n-Nun, when he went off in anger and deemed that We had no power over him, buthe cried out in the darkness, saying: There is no Allah save Thee. Be Thou Glorified! Lo! I have been awrong-doer, Then we heard his prayer and saved him from the anguish. Thus we save believers(Al-Anbiyâ':87-88). The meaning is, and only God knows, in God's saying "deemed that We had no powerover him" that he deemed that God will relief him when he goes out from his people and hewouldn't have to tell his message, as in His saying: But whenever He trieth him by straitening hismeans of life, he saith: My Lord despiseth me(Al-Fajr:16), and "cried out in the darkness" [note thatdarkness has no plural in English but in Arabic it has and the plural is mentioned in the holy phrase],means the darkness of the night and the darkness of the sea and the darkness in the billy of thewhale so they are three levels of darkness, and when he went off in anger, he had anger against hispeople and for God because they were tyrants and stubborn and forbid him to had have angeragainst God! how come and he is the infallible prophet and avoided from doing anything againstobeying God, and he is a holy prophet that can't deem wrongly about his Creator according to thejustice and the Godly wisdom, or even claim that He is not able to deal with him or with others, buteveryone is under His rule without a doubt and everything against this should be interpreted in aright way, in opposition to the ideas of some ignorants who said that he was angry against God andfor this he was punished and rejected and swallowed by the whale. No doubt that such thing andsuch ideas do oppose the idea of infallibility and suggests that he didn't know the power and the

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ability of God in such a way that he would not be forgiven for, and this is as it is said in the tales ofAbdul-Wahâb (Al-Najjâr).

We say that there are levels for the gifts and characteristics for the prophets and for the viceroys andalso the believers, so they are different in the levels of their good nature like patience, how muchthey depend on God, complete satisfaction and the presence of mind, and all infallible people thatgather around the faith of God share the complete knowledge of His greatness and His will with Hismercy and forgiveness and how can He punish the rebellious people, and people in such things dodiffer in every manner and the difference between them is necessary such as the difference in theirfaces and shapes and their ages and their possessions and their children and their understanding andso on of such things in deep inside or in obvious for every man of a brain that is able to think anddifferentiate, and God made them different for purposes that only He knows, so Jonah ben Amittaidoesn't have what Moses and Job had of patience and not what Abraham had of dependance onGod and no prophet has what is for the beloved to God, Muhammad ben `Abdullah may peace beupon him and on his Household, from all the characteristics and describtions. It is probable then thatJonah (PUH) was weaker than other prophets in such a way that does not conflict with the state ofinfallibility. So, he called his people for thirty three years as it was told and they didn't listen to himand didn't care about him so he got bored of them and he prayed against them and then got out oftheir lands because of their bad treatment with him. Then he was tested by being thrown into thesea and being swallowed by the whale, but his faith didn't shake and the connection to his God wasnot cut and he never stopped to serve his Lord, and he was sanctifying God while he was inside thewhale and fearing His punishment and saw nothing but God and seeking no one but Him, and hefeared God so much that no one can imagine how much it was, so may peace be upon him and onour prophet and his Household. As attributed to Al-Bâqir (PUH) he said: Jonah ben Amittai wentaway from his people and then got back to them with prophecy and a message and they believed inhim for four weeks, then he (PUH) said: the punishment arrived on wednesday in the middle ofShawwâl [10th month in lunar calendar] and the punishment also went away from them in the sameday, so then Jonah went away with anger on thursday so it took him seven days to reach the sea andthen spent seven days inside the whale, and spent seven days under the tree in the desert and thenit took him seven days to get back to his people, so the total period of time for his going and comingwas twenty eight days, and then he came to them and they believed in him and followed him, andfor this God did say: If only there had been a community (of all those that were destroyed of old) thatbelieved and profited by its belief as did the folk of Jonah! When they believed We drew off fromthem the torment of disgrace in the life of the world and gave them comfort for a while(Younus:98).Also attributed to Al-Bâqir (PUH): the punishment was revealed upon the folk of Jonah so that theywere able to touch it by their spears, so then they wore garments and wools and put robes in theirnecks and the ashes upon their heads and all of them shouted with one voice to their Lord and said:we believed in the God of Jonah, and then God gave them a relief and pushed the punishment awayfrom them up to the mountains, and in the morning Jonah went to them and he thought that theywere doomed but he found them in a good situation, so he got angry and got out until he got into aship with two men, and then the ship faced storms and the captain said: O folks! my ship has awanted man, and then Jonah said: I am the one, and he stood up to throw himself and he saw thenthe fish opening its mouth and he got afraid and the two men stopped him and said to him: you arealone and we are two men, and they made a lot and the arrow pointed to him, and at that time thelaw was that if the arrow pointed three times in the same direction then it cannot be wrong, and so

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he threw himself and the whale swallowed him and it journeyed with him the seven seas up to the"sea kept filled" and there Korah is being tortured..etc. ["sea kept filled" or "the filled sea" is a nameused in Quran in the chapter of Al-Toor(6) for a sea. Could it be the Mediterranean?]

There is also some tidings concerning the father of Jonah, and he is the one called Amittai, and asattributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) he said: once David (PUH) said: O Lord tell me who is my companion inheaven, and then God inspired to him: that is Amittai, the fahter of Jonah, he (PUH) continued: thenhe had a permission from God to visit him, so he went out with his son Solomon until they reachedhis house, and found out that it was made of palm leaves, and people told them that he (Amittai) isin the market, and they asked for him there and people told them to go to the carpenters, and thenthey asked for him there and they were told that they are waiting for him to come back, so they satdown waiting for him with the others and then he showed up with a bundle of woods upon his head,and then the people went to him and took off the woods from him, so he thanked God and said:whoever is willing to buy a perfume from me with an exchange of another? So then one mannagotiated the price and another increased the price and so on until he bought it from someone, andthen they (David and Solomon) greeted him and he said to them: let's go home, and then he boughtfood with what he got and then he ground it and kneaded it into a paste and put it then into the fireand he sat talking with them, and then he got his bread when it was made and he broke it into halvesand spreaded some salt on it and on his side he put a water carrier, and he sat on his knees and tooka piece, and when he put it into his mouth he said: by the name of God, and when he swallowed ithe said: thank be to God, and so he did until he finished, and then he took the water and drank withmentioning God's name and when he finished he said: thank be to God, O Lord, whom did You givehim what You gave to me? You fixed my vision and hearing and my body and made me strong so thatI went to a tree that I didn't plant and didn't care about, and You made it for my living, and You madesomeone to buy it from me and then I bought with its price some food that I didn't plant, and Youmade me the fire so that it was cooked so well and You made me eat with desire so that I can be ableto obey You, so thanks be to You, and then he cried. Then said David to Solomon: O son, let's go, for Ididn't see someone that thank God as much as this man, and they got back from where they came.So may peace and prays of God be upon our prophet and his Household and upon them as well andthank be to God the Lord of the worlds.

Zacharias and John (PUT)

Zacharias was mentioned many times in holy Quran in many chapters like: Âl-`Imrân, Al-An`âm,Mariam, and Al-Anbiyâ'. He was married to Ishâ` (Elisabeth) the daughter of `Imrân (Amram) benMâþân, the sister of Mary the mother of Jesus (PUH) as it was mentioned. He asked God to give hima good son and that was when he saw the virtues of Mary the daughter of Amram and how God didtake care of her, and he used to take care of her and guarded her among all of the Israelites, becauseit was vowed that she would be a servant for the holy House or Temple as her story was told by holyQuran by saying: (Remember) when the wife of 'Imran said: My Lord! I have vowed unto Thee thatwhich is in my belly as a consecrated (offering). Accept it from me. Lo! Thou, only Thou, art theHearer, the Knower!(Âl-`Imrân:35), and the details will come in their place by God's will. It might bethat the name of Amram's wife was Hannah and she gave birth for Elisabeth, the wife of Zachariasand the mother of John and then to Mary the mother of Jesus (PUT), and Zacharias had no childrenand he got so old and his wife was barren, and she was the sister of Mary the daughter of Amram aswe mentioned before. Amram had a brother that was called Jacob ben Mâþân, and the children of

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Mâþân at that time were the leaders of the Israelites and they were the children of the kings anddescendants of Solomon ben David (PUH), and Zacharias was the archpriest and he took care of giftsand vows that were made for the Temple and received them, and they argued with him about Maryand whether he is the one that should take care of her and he was the one to take care of herbecause he was appointed to take the vows made for the Temple and she was vowed with for theTemple and because he is the husband of her sister Elisabeth the daughter of Amram, but they didn'taccept that and decided to make a lot, and God said: Thou wast not present with them when theythrew their pens (to know) which of them should be the guardian of Mary, nor wast thou presentwith them when they quarrelled (thereupon)(Âl-`Imrân:44). It is mentioned that Hannah the wife ofAmram when she gave birth to Mary, she covered with vlothes and carried her to the Temple and shegave her to the rabbis and said: take the one that was vowed to be for the Temple, and when theylooked at her and they knew that she is the daughter of their master, they struggled and competedfor which one of them shall take care of her, and we've pointed out that the children of Mâþân werethe leaders of the Israelites and their kings, and then Zacharias said: I am the one to take care of her,and we've mentioned before the reasons for his right, but they denied to do so except by a lot, andthey were twenty seven rabbis, and they walked to the nearest river they had and that was theJordan river, and they threw their pens, but all pens were drowned except that one of Zacharias andso Zacharias took care of her, and he made a house for her and appointed a maid to serve her, andhe checked her from time to time until she grew up and she stopped using the maid to help her andtook care of herself alone, and every time he was to get into her champer of praying, he would find agift with her, so he asked: from where you got this? and so she answered: this is from God, He giveswhoever He wants without an account for it. it is narrated that when she grew up and used to pray inher praying champer, the champer would be enlightened by her halo, and when Zacharias visited herhe did find the fruit of winter with her in summer time, and the fruit of the summer during winter, sohe asked her: from where you got this? and she answered: it is from God, and then he prayed to Godsaying: My Lord! Bestow upon me of Thy bounty goodly offspring, meaning a good blessed son asYou gave Hannah and her husband Amram Mary, and then the angels called him while he wasstanding for praying in his champer: Allah giveth thee glad tidings of (a son whose name is) John,(who cometh) to confirm a word from Allah lordly, chaste, a prophet of the righteous..etc(Âl-`Imrân:39), and lordly meaning that he will overcome his people and be their master, and without adoubt he was the lord of his people in every good thing and never did a sin, and he was the leader ofall of those who obey God, and chaste because he kept his much so far away from entertainementsand lusts. It is narrated that once he passed by some kids when he was a kid and they were playingand so they invited him to play with them and he answered them: not created for playing, and henever came to women, and God mentioned the will of his father Zacharias by: Oh, give me from Thypresence a successor Who shall inherit of me and inherit (also) of the house of Jacob. And make him,my Lord, acceptable (unto Thee)(Mariam:5-6), and the answer of God was: O Zachariah! Lo! Webring thee tidings of a son whose name is John; we have given the same name to none before (him)(Mariam:7). Before this holy phrase he asked God for a son and he used to hide his request and askGod and show sorrow for the turning of his hair into white and that his bones were weak and he isdepaired, but God is able for everything and he had the hope in Him and if God willed He would do itwith no obstacles, and he explained the reason for his request that he was afraid of the kinsfolksafter his death that they would not be good successors and that they would change the faith andwork with their opinions, and the answer from God was the good tidings about John (PUH). It isnarrated and it is a famous thing that the pregnancy period for John was six months only and it was

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in the same time that Mary was pregnant with Jesus (PUT), and they mentioned that John (PUH) wasa brilliant in the laws of Moses and he was a well-known resource for everyone asking about theconditions and regulations of such laws, and he was complete with all characteristics of faith andgoodness, and he was giving away the life since he was a kid and hanged on to worshipping, so Godsaid about him: And we gave him wisdom when a child(Mariam:12).

It is apparent from the holy phrase that he was given the prophecy and he was a prophet since hewas a kid and he used to call for God and call the people to ask God for forgiveness for their sins, andit is mentioned that he ordered them to wash themselves in the river Jordan for forgiveness againsttheir sins, and God said: O John! Hold fast the Scripture. And we gave him wisdom when a child, Andcompassion from Our presence, and purity; and he was devout, And dutiful toward his parents. Andhe was not arrogant, rebellious. Peace on him the day he was born, and the day he dieth and the dayhe shall be raised alive!..etc(Mariam:12-15). As attributed to Al-Ridhâ (PUH) that he said: the mostawful moments for this creation lie in three positions: the day he is out of his mother's womb andsee life, and the day when he dies and see the after-life, and the day when he is resurrected and seelaws that he didn't see in his life, and God greeted John in these positions and made him safe againsttheir terror, so He said: Peace on him the day he was born, and the day he dieth and the day he shallbe raised alive!(Mariam:15), and Jesus also greeted himself in these three positions and Godmentioned what he said: Peace on me the day I was born, and the day I die, and the day I shall beraised alive!(Mariam:33). As attributed to Abi-Hamzah Al-Þumâli from Al-Bâqir (PUH) that he said: Iasked him (PUH) what is the meaning of "And compassion from Our presence, and purity?" he (PUH)said: it is meant here how compassionate God was with him so that whenever John says: O Lord, Godwould answer: command O John. As attributed to the prophet (PUH) that he said: John ben Zachariaswas so faithful that he went one day to the Temple and he saw the priests and rabbis with shiledsmade of hair and woolen hooded cloaks and they holed on the side of their collar-bone and chainedit to the fences of the Temple, so when he saw that he went to his mother and said: O mother, weavefor me a shield of hair and a hooded cloak of wool to go to the Temple and worship God there withthe priests and rabbis, then his mother said: I shall do it when the prophet of God (Zacharias) allowsme to, and his father then heard his speech and said to him: O son, what made you to think about itand you are still a young kid, so he answered: O father, didn't you see someone younger than medying and feeling how bitter it was? He answered: yes I did, and then he ordered his mother toweave for him a shield of hair and a hooded cloak of wool, and so she did and he wore them andwent to the Temple and worshipped with priests and rabbis until the shield started to take off someof his body and one day he looked into what was taken away from his body and he cried, and thenGod inspired to him: O John, do you cry for what was taken away froim your body, by My Glory if yousaw the hell for just a glance you might even wear a shield of iron instead of this one made of hair,and then he cried until the tears dug off his cheeks and his teeth turned apparent for the people, andhis mother knew that so she went to him and then came Zacharias and the priests with the rabbis tohim and his father said to him: O son, what made you do this to yourself, I prayed to God to give youto me for my happiness, so he said to him: you ordered me with that O father, he wondered and said:and when was that O son? He answered: didn't you say that there is an obstacle between paradiseand hell that is not to be passed except by those who cry for their fear of God? He answered: yes,work as hard as you can and you are on your own. Then John stood up and cleaned his shield and hismother took him and said to him: O son, do you permit me to make for you two pieces of felt tocover your teeth and dry out your tears, he said to her then: up to you, and so she made for him two

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pieces of felt to cover his teeth and dry out his tears..etc, and the narration is long with details abouthis strange situations and amazing conditions that has nothing like them in the field of serving God,the Exalted.

The Death Zacharias and John

They say that when Mary the daughter of Amram got pregnant with Jesus (PUT) and her pregnancyshowed up, they accused Zacharias and the Satan made them imagine and induced them to believeso and made them think truely that the one who made her pregnant was Zacharias because no onecan enter her place except of him because he is her guardian. This matter was carried in their heartsand they never saw a woman that gets pregnant without a man, so the silly folks of the jews chasedhim until he left Jerusalem. When he went out, the evil got even greater and the charge got bigger inthe hearts of the bad people and they talked about the sin of Zacharias, so their silly folks chasedhim, and he went to a valley and they followed him, and when he was in the middle of it he saw atree so he went to it and it opened up for him and he went inside it and then it closed upon him, andthen the Satan came chasing him with the others until he reached the tree and he said to them: he isinside it here, and he put his hand on the position of his (Zacharias's) heart, so he ordered them tosaw it and so they did and he was sawn with the tree from the middle, and then they left him apart.Then God sent the angels to wash him up and pray upon him for three days before being buried, andthen the good people of the Israelites took him and buried him, and the details about that shallcome later by God's will. Then it became so great in the heart of John for losing his father by theirdeeds and for the charge that he was innocent of and such a charge was something so far away fromhim, and his death was one of the greatest test from God to John. Then he took care of the mattersafter his father and started to speech among the Israelites and he told them that the troubles of thegood people founded because of the sins of the Israelites and he promised them with the relief bythe coming of the Messiah (PUH) after some twenty years after his speech with them. It is narratedthat at the time of John ben Zacharias, there was a tyrant immoral king, and there was a woman ofwisdom but immoral as well that used to come to him a lot until she got older and then she preparedher daughter for the king and she said to her: I want to give you to the king, and when he gets whathe wants of you and then asks you about your needs, tell him that my need is to kill John benZacharias, and so she did and told him to kill John ben Zacharias, and so he sent messengers to John(PUH) and they brought him and then he ordered to bring a tub made of gold and he slained him init, and it got full with blood and then they poured it on the ground and it started to boil, and thepeople came and buried it with sands but it gets even higher than the sand and so on until all thesand turned into a great hill, and a hundred years passed and it kept boiling over the sand, and whenit was the time of Nebuchadnezzar and he saw the blood, he wondered and asked about it but noone answered him until an old man came and he asked him about it and the man answered: myfather told me by the way of my grandfather that this is the blood of John ben Zacharias and his storywith the king was so and so..etc, and then Nebuchadnezzar said: no crime then, I shall kill upon ituntil it calms down, and he killed for it seventy thousand, until the blood calmed down. As attributedto Al-Sâdiq (PUH): if God wanted to make a victory for His viceroys and faithful people, He shall do itby the most devilish people of His creatures, and if He wanted to make a victory for Himself, He shalldo it by using His viceroys, and He made a victory for John ben Zacharias by Nebuchadnezzar, and thevictory made for Himself is like His victory by Solomon ben David (PUH) and by Ðul-Qarnain (PUH)and by the prince of believers (PUH) with the prophet (PUH) and after him (the prophet), and like Hisvictory that shall be made by the awaited Al-Mahdi ben Al-Hasan (PUH) may our souls be a ransom

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for him, and may peace be upon him and upon his fathers the purified (PUT). It is narrated by theway of Al-Bâqir (PUH): the killer of the she-camel of Sâleh was a blue man and a son of adultery, andthe killer of John ben Zacharias was a son of adultery, and the killer of the prince of believers, `Ali(PUH) was a son of adultery, and the tribe of Murâd [the tribe that the killer of the prince of believerscame from] said that they knew no father for him, and the killer of Al-Husain ben `Ali (PUH) was ason of adultery, and the prophets and the son of the prophets were always killed by the sons ofadultery..etc. They said about the reasons of killing John ben Zacharias many tales but the mostprobable is what we've mentioned before for this is what we found in our resources, and aboutgiving his head to a prostitute of the Israelites as it was mentioned in the narrations told by theHousehold (PUT) does not oppose what we've mentioned before about the core of the matter andthe details are only known by God and from Him comes the guidance. As narrated also by Al-Bâqir(PUH) about God's saying "we have given the same name to none before (him)" he (PUH) said: he isJohn ben Zacharias (PUH) and no one before him had the same name, and Al-Husain also no onebefore him had the same name, and he (PUH) said: and the sky cried for them for forty mornings andso did the sun and its cry was to rise in red and set in red, and they say about the crying of the sky itis in fact the cry of the angels, and the tidings about the cry of heavens and earth and the sun andmoon are many and this is not the place to mention them.

It is mentioned by `Ali ben Al--Husain (Al-Sajjâd) (PUH) that he said: we went out with my father Al-Husain ben `Ali (PUH) and whenever he settled down or moved he mentioned John ben Zacharias(PUH), and one day he said: it is for the easiness of life for God that the head of John was given to aprostitute of the Israelites. And it is copied from the awaited viceroy, Al-Mahdi (PUH) may our soulsbe a ransom for him, when he was asked about the interpretation of: Kaf Ha Ya A'in Sad(Mariam:1),he answered: these letters are of the knowledgement of the unknown that God showed to his slaveZacharias and then He told them to His beloved Muhammad (PUH), and it was that when Zachariasmentioned Muhammad, `Ali, Fâtimah and Al-Hasan (PUT), his troubles would seem to fade away, andwhenever he mentioned Al-Husain (PUH) he would desire to cry and his chest seems to get narrowerand his heart is shrinked, and one day he said: O Lord, what is happening to me whenever I mentionfour names of them I get enjoyment and whenever I mention Al-Husain (PUH) my eyes would befilled with tears? So God then told him the story and said: Kaf Ha Ya A'in Sad, so Kaf is Karbala, Ha isHalâk [Arabic: Halâk=Death] of the Household, Ya is Yazeed the one who wronged Al-Husain (PUH),and A`in is his (Al-Husain) thirst [Arabic: `Atash=Thirst], and Sad is his patience [Arabic:Sabr=Patience], and when Zacharias heard that he remained in his temple for three days and didn'tallow anyone to get inside and started to mourn and cry, and he lamented for Al-Husain by saying: OLord, do You make the best of the creation suffer the loss of his son? O Lord shall You make `Ali andFâtimah suffer with such an adversity? Then he said: God give me a son as a gift for me and make melove him so much when I become so old and then make me suffer his loss like You would make yourbeloved Muhammad suffer the loss of his son, so then God gave to him John and made him suffer hisloss, and the pregnancy time for John was six months, and so it was for Al-Husain (PUH), and this issomething about their conditions (PUT) and the situation doesn't help to give more than that, andmy success is all by God and upon Him I shall depend.

Jesus The Son of Mary (PUH)

Jesus is the one born with no father and he is an owner for one of the general laws and regulationsand one of "Those of Will" [meaning his message was designed for all nations and not only one

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nation], and he is the owner of the sacred Gospel and his mother is virgin Mary, the purified and thedaughter of Amram ben Mâþân, and he is a descendant of Solomon ben David (PUH). Amram, thefather of Mary, was a great man and one of the nobels among the Israelites and one of the greatestscholars. His wife, Hannah the daughter of Qâfuðâ, got pregnant and God inspired to her husbandAmram that He shall give him a child that cures the blind and the leper and resurrect the deadpeople by the permission of God, so Amram brought the good tidings for his wife, and so she vowedwhatever in her womb for the House of God, and at that time whenever they vowed something theywould make it for the Temple and a servant for the Temple, and then she said what the Quran said:My Lord! I have vowed unto Thee that which is in my belly as a consecrated (offering). Accept it fromme(Âl-`Imrân:35), and when she gave birth she said: My Lord! Lo! I am delivered of a female - Allahknew best of what she was delivered - the male is not as the female; and lo! I have named her Mary,and lo! I crave Thy protection for her and for her offspring from Satan the out cast(Âl-`Imrân:36). Asattributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said: if we told you something about a man and it didn't happenbut it happened to his descendants then don't deny such thing, because God inspired to Amram thatHe shall give him a male that is blessed and cures the blind and the leper and resurrect the dead byHis permission and He shall make him a prophet to the Israelites, and he told his wife about that andshe thought that she will give birth to a male, but when she delivered what was in her womb shefound that it was a female and she said: My Lord I am delivered of a female, and when God gaveJesus to Mary it was him that God inspired Amram about, and when Mary was born, Zachariasguarded her and took care of her.

Al-Ridhâ (PUH) was asked once whether that a prophet would tell something about God and thencomes the opposite and he answered: yes, and then he mentioned this holy phrase: Go into the holyland which Allah hath ordained for you..etc(Al-Mâ'idah), and they did not go into it but theirdescendants did, and Amram ben Mâþân said: God promised to give me a prophet son in this yearand in this month, and then he went absent and his wife gave birth to Mary and Zacharias took careof her, and some people said: the prophet of God said the truth, and some others said: he lied, andwhen Mary gave birth to Jesus (PUH), the group that didn't believe him believed in him and all ofthem said: this is what God had promised us. "The opposite" as it is mentioned in the narration andthe answer with "yes" by the Imam, it is understood from all of that that is it only an apparentopposition. It is mentioned among them [maybe the author here meant the Christians] that the onevowed with must be in the church (Temple) and never go out of it, and when she gave birth to afemale, she said to God as if she was sorry: My Lord I delivered a female, and the female has a periodand she must be out of the temple and the one vowed with must not go out of the temple, and alsoa female is not like a male in serving the worshippers. It is mentioned that the purified virgin used toserve them until she became an adult and then Zacharias stopped her and made a veil for her againstthe others and she was named Mary meaning the Worshipper Woman [in fact in Hebrew Mariammeans the Pure]. Her naming was meant to bring the good luck and to ask for closeness from Godand to ask God to make her infallible and special with His gifts and make her as He likes so that hername coincide with her deeds. For that God accepted her with good and planted her with good rootsand He made Zacharias as her guardian and some of that was mentioned in the chapter of Zachariasand maybe you have to check back. There are many narrations for us that mention how `Ali, theprince of believers (PUH) and Fâtimah the daughter of the prophet (PUH) resembled Zacharias andMary the daughter of Amram. As Zacharias used to go to Mary and find some fortune with her andsay to her: from where you got this? and so she answers: it is from God, He gives anyone without any

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account for it, so did `Ali and Fâtimah and many times he (PUH) went to her and found some fortuneand so `Ali says: from where you got this? and she answers: it is from God, He gives anyone withoutany account for it, and there are amazing stories related to this matter but we left it out because thisis not the place for them and might cause boredom, and it might be that Amram, the father of Mary,died and his daughter was so young that she needed someone to take care of her and for thisZacharias, the father of John (PUT), did take care of her and guarded her. During that wheneverZacharias the husband of her sister go to her, he used to find some fortune with her and asked her: OMary, from where you got this? so she answered: this is from God, He gives anyone without anyaccount for it. It is probable that the angels told her that God chose her and purified her and savedher from being poluted with impurities and the angels worked on inducing her to worship and workhard to obey God, because she had a special high place for God, and so God did say: And when theangels said: O Mary! Lo! Allah hath chosen thee and made thee pure, and hath preferred thee above(all) the women of creation, O Mary! Be obedient to thy Lord, prostrate thyself and bow with thosewho bow (in worship).(Âl-`Imrân:42-43). It is mentioned that the angels used to talk to her and sheused to talk to them and so she is a Speaker [meaning someone who did speak with angels]. Theangels used to talk to her directly and God accepted her from her mother and no female wasaccepted before her as far as we know. She worked on obeying her God and He fulfilled her withfortunes from paradise and He chose her and purified her against every dirt that comes to womenand saved her against every bad language that could be in the tongue and saved her against everyloss or disadvantage from her hands or her feet and whatever she eats or drinks and in her dwellingplace and her clothing and whatever she hears or sees and everything related to her feelings. So shewas guided by her God and He sent the angels to her to tell her what He wants from her and what Hewants not, and He made her special with virtues. Then, she gave birth to Jesus without a father andGod made him speak while he was only a child to clean her against whatever the jews did charge herwith and God made her with her son a miracle for the people. As attributed to Al-Bâqir (PUH) aboutthe meaning of the holy phrase: O Mary! Lo! Allah hath chosen thee..etc, it means: He chose youfrom the descendants of the prophets and purified you against adultery and chose you to give birthto Jesus (PUH) without a man, so God chose her as a faithful servant and sincere to God and Hewanted her to be so, and so she was one of the most faithful among them and was preferred aboveall the women, and like her was the gift of the prophet (PUH), Al-Zahrâ' (Fâtimah) (PUH) but she wasnot born without a father but her father was the prophet (PUH) and she was preferred above all thewomen of the creation, and about God's saying: Lo! Allah preferred Adam and Noah and the Familyof Abraham and the Family of 'Imran above (all His) creatures, They were descendants one ofanother. Allah is Hearer, Knower(Âl-`Imrân:33-34), He chose them among all the creatures and chosethem for His message and for the spiritual characteristics and for the knowledgement of what thepeople would need and what solves their problems, and God made them special with virtues andlifted their levels and made them tough against everyone with clues and miracles and their virtuesshowed up as a sign of their truthfulness and to show they're preferred upon everyone even theclosest angels, and that doesn't oppose the idea that they were tested by pagans and hypocrites, andHe might cause them troubles so that people won't make them as deities and gods instead of God,and there is a wisdom for God with what He is doing: He is not to be asked and they are to be asked.The family of Abraham: Ishmael and Isaac and their children, and from the descendants of Ishmaelcomes our prophet and his Household (PUT), so the family of Muhammad (PUH) was added to thefamily of Abraham, adding to them what God made them special with of miracles and virtues that noother prophet or angel is near them but everyone in this universe seems like a servant for them, and

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this is not a strange thing because they are the leaders of the universe without a doubt, [manyphrases come then with the same meaning], and the family of `Imrân (Amram) are Moses and Aaronthe children of Amram ben Yas'hur ben Fâhiþ (Kohath) ben Lâwi (Levi) ben Jacob ben Isaac benAbraham (PUT), and Jesus with his mother Mary the daughter of Amram ben Mâþân that isconnected to Solomon ben David (PUH) that is in return connected to Judah ben Jacob ben Isaac benAbraham (PUT). They say that the time between Amram the father of Moses and Aaron and Amramthe father of Mary the mother of Jesus was one thousand and eight hundred years, and between thebirth of Jesus and the birth of Muhammad (PUT) there were six hundred years, and it is narrated bythe way of the Household that they were five hundred years, and between Abraham and Moses benAmram there were five hundred years, and Abdul-Wâhâb Al-Najjâr mentioned in his tales that Shemben Noah was born and his father was five hundred years old, and from that time to the time ofAbraham's birth it was eight hundred and ninety years and Abraham was (when died) one hundredand seventy five years old, and after the death of Abraham up to the time of Joseph it was onehundred years, and after his death up to the time of Moses ben Amram it was four hundred years,and after his death up to the time of Jesus's birth it was one thousand and eight hundred years, andafter his absence up to the prophet Muhammad (PUH) it was six hundred years, and from the time ofthe birth of Jesus up to our time nowadays it took about one hundred and seventy one years [1971,the year of publishing the book], and son the total since the time of Shem birth up to nowadays it isaround five thousand three hundred and thirty six (5336) years, and the time since the birth of Jesusup to our time is checked, and whatever is before the birth of Jesus is mostly dependant upon whatis mentioned in Torah, and God is the Knower of everything.

The Pregnancy of Mary With Jesus And His Birth (PUT)

God said: And make mention of Mary in the Scripture, when she had withdrawn from her people to achamber looking East, And had chosen seclusion from them. Then We sent unto her Our Spirit and itassumed for her the likeness of a perfect man. She said: Lo! I seek refuge in the Beneficent One fromthee, if thou art God- fearing. He said: I am only a messenger of thy Lord, that I may bestow on theea faultless son. She said: How can I have a son when no mortal hath touched me, neither have I beenunchaste ? He said: So (it will be). Thy Lord saith: It is easy for Me. And (it will be) that We may makeof him a revelation for mankind and a mercy from Us, and it is a thing ordained. And she conceivedhim, and she withdrew with him to a far place. And the pangs of childbirth drove her unto the trunkof the palm-tree. She said: Oh, would that I had died ere this and had become a thing of naught,forgotten! Then (one) cried unto her from below her, saying: Grieve not! Thy Lord hath placed arivulet beneath thee, And shake the trunk of the palm-tree toward thee, thou wilt cause ripe dates tofall upon thee. So eat and drink and be consoled(Mariam:16-26), and in the chapter of Âl-`Imrân:(And remember) when the angels said: O Mary! Lo! Allah giveth thee glad tidings of a word fromhim, whose name is the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, illustrious in the world and the Hereafter, andone of those brought near (unto Allah). He will speak unto mankind in his cradle and in his manhood,and he is of the righteous. She said: My Lord! How can I have a child when no mortal hath touchedme ? He said: So (it will be). Allah createth what He will. If He decreeth a thing, He saith unto it only:Be! and it is. And He will teach him the Scripture and wisdom, and the Torah and the Gospel, And willmake him a messenger unto the Children of Israel(Âl-`Imrân:45-49). When Mary turned to be anadult, and the will of God desired to show up for the tyrant ignorant people, He inspired to the virginMary to go out of her home to the landscapes and she isolated herself away from the people and sheused to do that because she is shy, and suddenly the angel Gabriel came down to her as a messanger

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from God, and he came down in the form of a good young man with a nice shape, and she saw himand she was alone, she got so afraid of him and thought that he wanted to harm her, so she asked forrefuge in God and said to him: Lo! I seek refuge in the Beneficent One from thee, if thou art God-fearing, and when Gabriel sensed her fear, he calmed her down and told her that he is a messangerfrom God to give to her the tidings of a faithful son. Of course she was amazed for how she can havea son without being touched by a human being, and Gabriel calmed her down and told her that thisis the will of God that nothing stops in the way of His will, and then he blew on her dress on the topof her chest, and the air went into her body and into her womb and so she got pregnant by the willof God. So God created a human being into her womb without letting her be touched by a humanbeing, as He created Adam without a father and mother, and He is able to do anything. It ismentioned in the chapter of Âl-`Imrân that the tidings were brought to her by a group of angels, andthat the child's name is the Messiah, Jesus the son of Mary, and he shall be illustrious in the worldand the Hereafter, and one of those brought near, by his prophecy, by his message and by hismiracles like curing the blind and the leper and resurrecting the dead people by the permission ofGod, and in the after-life he is given the high place and brought near by lifting him up to heavens andaccompanied with angels and he shall be of great matter. We say there is no opposition, becauseGabriel blew into her by the command of God and he brought to her the happy tidings and theangels told her about it before and after this event. Angels used to surround her and protected heragainst the enemies and calmed her down and God showed her some of His light, so there is noopposition between the two holy phrases, meditate and you shall be a winner. As God createseverything for a reason, as well He can create things altogether for no apparent reason, althoughwhat we had mentioned is an obvious reason and the angels brought to her the tidings that her sonshall talk to the people while he is still a child and when he is old enough, and God will teach him theTorah and the wisdom and shall teach him all the revealed books before he is sent as a prophet withthe Gospel which had nothing like it before and it is the clue for him that he is sent to the people as aprophet and it is the clue for his purity and his mother's purity, and he shall guide them to theperfect way after they were on that path for some time and then went astraying and allowed whatwas prohibited by God and prohibited what was allowed by God, and he only came to guide themand complete them with the finest of manners. It is mentioned by Al-Baydhâwi that the pregnancytime of Jesus was seven months and some said it was only six months and some said it was eightmonths, and no one being born in the eighth month and lived except of him, and some said that herpregnancy time was only for one hour and as she got pregnant with him she gave birth for him, andthe one that mentioned this last phrase is Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr and he denied all of the otheropinions, and we don't have in our hands what makes us able to be sure of it with clues but it isbetter to believe in the normal pregnancy as it is with others. It is famous that she gave birth to Jesus(PUH) in the town of Bethlehem that is not so far away from Jerusalem, just few kilometers, andbecause it is so famous for christians and also muslims it is not a matter to argue about in recentdays, and no one claims something else, and the apparent of the holy Quran also doesn't opposesthis opinion: when she had withdrawn from her people to a chamber looking East(Mariam:16), andher people are in Jerusalem, and she went away from them when she felt that she will give birthsoon, and she ran away from the people and so no one would see her at the time of her deliveringand she is without a husband, for her pregnancy was strange and weird enough and the peopledidn't know all of that and thier souls are sick, and her pregnancy is something denied by themespecially for a woman of her type, and they considered her one of the finest people and this is thetruth, and for this God ordered her to keep away from them because she will not find someone to

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help her among them or to have mercy on her while she is giving birth to a child without a father,and God appointed for her the place of her delivering and it was beside the dry date-palm to showher how Merciful He is by making the palm green again and let it give date which would fall down toher, all of that as calming effects and as to strengthen her faith, for He resurrected a dead date-palmand she shaked it and it gave her falling dates, sanctification be to Him how wonerful He is,sanctification be to Him how Merciful He is upon His maid and His chosen one. So she started to askabout that dead date-palm until the passers by guided her to it as it was told by many tidings andnarrations, and when she reached that palm she gave birth to Jesus, and when she looked at him shesaid: Oh, would that I had died ere this and had become a thing of naught, forgotten!(Mariam:23),and she said: what shall I say to the Israelites, and Jesus then called her: Grieve not! Thy Lord hathplaced a rivulet beneath thee(Mariam:24), and it was a short river with a spring for her, and her childsaid to her: And shake the trunk of the palm-tree toward thee, thou wilt cause ripe dates to fall uponthee(Mariam:25).

It is mentioned that the palm was dead long time ago, and she expanded her arm and shaked it withher hand and it planted leaves and beared fruit and the dates dropped down from it so she calmeddown to see God's mercy, and she came to it with desire to hide herself with it after she ran awayfrom her home and to count on it, all of that was by the guidance of her Lord. In narrations told bythe Household (PUT) it is said that her child, Jesus, said to her: cover me and do with me so and so,and so she did and did whatever he told her to do for he only says what God wants and He is the Onethat made him speak to her to fill her heart with joy and turn her sadness into happiness, and thenher son Jesus said to her: So eat and drink and be consoled. And if thou meetest any mortal, say: Lo!I have vowed a fast unto the Beneficent, and may not speak this day to any mortal(Mariam:26). Theymissed her in her place and in her champer so they went out looking for her with Zacharias, and thenshe came carrying her son close to her chest, and when the faithful women of the Israelites saw herwith Jesus in her arms, they went to her mercilessly and started to spit on her but she didn't talk tothem until she went into her champer and settled down, and then the Israelites came to her andZacharias with them and they said to her: They said: O Mary! Thou hast come with an amazing thing,O sister of Aaron! Thy father was not a wicked man nor was thy mother a harlot(Mariam:27-28), andthey meant to mock at her by that, and they charged her with adultery, and Aaron at their time was awicked man so they made a comparison between her and him, and some others said that Aaron wasa faithful man at their time and they made a comparison between the two of them as to mock at herfor her great deed, and then they said to her: from where you got this child? Then she pointed out toJesus, and they said to her: How can we talk to one who is in the cradle, a young boy? And God madeher son Jesus (PUH) talk and he said: Lo! I am the slave of Allah. He hath given me the Scripture andhath appointed me a Prophet, And hath made me blessed wheresoever I may be, and hath enjoinedupon me prayer and almsgiving so long as I remain alive, And (hath made me) dutiful toward herwho bore me, and hath not made me arrogant, unblest. Peace on me the day I was born, and the dayI die, and the day I shall be raised alive!(Mariam:30-33). It is apparent from some narrations that thepalm tree that she gave birth to Jesus under was a dry palm tree as we mentioned before and no oneof the people was near by it and she had no water to drink or to wash herself, and she was upset andthought many times about what they would say to her and what they would charge her with, but theMerciful the Knower calmed her down and founded for her the dates from the dry palm-tree afterthat it turned into green in the winter, and founded for her the running water in that desertedlandscape, and He is the One who is able to show her innocence in front of those who call her with

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bad names without obtaining the truth, and He is the One to protect her and to prove her innocence,and if they meditated in heavens and earth and in whatever they contain of wonders they wouldn'tbe surprised to know that Jesus was created without a father, and even it is not as wonderous as thecreation of the human being from a man and a woman by a contact and not as wonderous as thecreation of the rest of the animals with the change in their conditions, all of that speaks about a fineCreator that is not to be reached by the minds of the people, and He said: And We made the son ofMary and his mother a portent(Al-Mu'minun:50), and our speech is either dedicated to one of thedisbelievers or the hypocrites, and for this they are not to be blamed but we are the one to beblamed for wasting time with them, and if it was dedicated to someone that believes in God and Hismiracles, then the matter is easy with them, and if it was dedicated to someone that doesn't believesmiracles but believes in God then we shall say: what do you deny from God's deeds and He is theOne who founded Adam without a father and a mother, and the One created Adam is able to createJesus without a father, and so God said: Lo! the likeness of Jesus with Allah is as the likeness ofAdam. He created him of dust, then He said unto him: Be! and he is(Âl-`Imrân:59), and it is narratedthat the age of Mary when she gave birth to Jesus was thirteen years old, and she had period onlytwice before pregnancy, and only God knows.

It is mentioned that God sent Jesus (PUH) to the Israelites in special and his prophecy started inJerusalem, and his successors were the twelve apostles that taught the people the regulations of hisreligion. It is mentioned in the argument between Al-Hasan (PUH) and the Roman king (Caesar), thathe (Al-Hasan) said to him: Jesus was thirty three years old and then God raised him up to heaven andhe shall come back down in Damascus, and he is the one that shall kill the False Christ..etc.

Jesus is One of Those of Will

In lot of tidings and many of them that were brought by men of confidence, it is mentioned thatThose of Will of the prophets are Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and the last of the prophets andtheir master Muhammad (PUT), so their message is general and not especially made for one nationand it is dedicated to everyone of thought of Djinn and people, and it is something that should beout of doubt, especially concerning the laws of Moses, Jesus and Muhammad (PUT), and the mainjob for the prophets with the viceroys and the scholars that were at the time of each one of themwas that to tell the laws of them each one according to his time, and he (a prophet) might beinspired with other matters other than those revealed for Those of Will and their viceroys, and theguidance comes from God and He is the only Guider. The fact that Noah was sent to his own peopleand Abraham to Nimrod, and Moses to the pharaoh, and Jesus to the Israelites, and Muhammad tothe Arabs, this fact does not oppose the idea that their message and laws and their books werededicated to all and even though the prophet was not to be seen, but there should be a media totransfer all of the teachings even if it was by one thousand transferer, and every general laws takeover the previous general laws, and so the laws of Islam cancelled out all of the previous laws and itmust be worked with until the end of time, and this is the truth as judged by the mind and those ofminds as agreed upon by all of those who believed in the laws of Islam, and some of such talk waspresent in the introduction of this book, notice. The narrations that points out that a prophet wassent especially for a nation or a city, are interpreted that it was desired that he would be sentpersonally as it is said that Abraham was a messanger to Nimrod and Moses is for the pharaoh andJesus to the Israelites or to Palestine and in our prophet to the Arabs, and anyhow that does notoppose the idea that their messages were general and dedicated to all the creatures, and it is said

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that the Damned, the Satan, asked the angels about the father of Jesus the son of Mary and said:who is his father? The angels said: he is like Adam, then the Satan said: then I shall make four fifthsof the people go astray by him, and it is mentioned that a jew asked the prophet (PUH) and said tohim: you were assigned a prophet before you were created? he (PUH) answered: yes, and he said:and those who believe in you are assigned as well before they were created? he (PUH) answered: yesthey are, then the jew said: then why you didn't speak with wisdom when you went out from thewomb of your mother like Jesus the son of Mary did and you claim that you are a prophet evenbefore creation? Then said the prophet (PUH): my cause was not like the cause of Jesus the son ofMary, God created him from a mother without a father as He created Adam without a mother or afather, and if Jesus went out from her womb and didn't speak with wisdom then his mother wouldn'thave any excuse in front of the people because she brought him without a father and they wouldhave stoned her as they usually do while she did no sin.

The Table And The Mutation Among The Israelites

In the interpretation of Al-`Askiri (PUH) as attributed to the prophet (PUH) that he said: O servants ofGod, when the people of Jesus asked him to reveal a table from heaven and he asked God to do so,God did say then: Lo! I send it down for you. And whoso disbelieveth of you afterward, him surelywill I punish with a punishment wherewith I have not punished any of (My) creatures(Al-Mâ'idah:115). When it was revealed, those who had the faith and their faith grew even stronger gotsaved, and those who disbelieved then after God did mutate him either in the shape of a pig or amonkey or a cat or a bear or in the shape of birds and creatures of the sea, and so until four hundredof them were mutated. It is mentioned that the table that was revealed for Jesus had nine types offood that were founded by the Will of God and they were not of the food of this life or the food ofparadise, as it was mentioned, and it was one of the holiest miracles for the prophets. The prince ofbelievers (PUH) said in some of his speeches: if you willed I shall talk about the Jesus of Mary, hispillow was the stone and his clothes were the harshest and his food was the hunger and his light atnight was the moon and his shadows in winter were the east and west of the lands, and his fruitwere what the earth planted and he had no wife to charm him nor a son that he would be sad for,nor money that would grab his attention nor greed that would humiliate him, his own transportationtool was his legs and his own servant was his own hands..etc. In Irshâd Al-Quloob (Guiding theHearts) [a book's name] by Al-Daylami, it is mentioned that Jesus said: my servant is my hands andmy own animal is my legs and my bed is the ground and my pillow is the stones and my warmth inwinter is the eastern of lands and my light at night is the moon and my food is the hunger and mymotto is my fear and my clothes are made of wool and my fruit is what the earth planted for beasts,and so I sleep and I have nothing at all, and wake up and I have nothing, and there is no one on earththat is richer than I do. Apparently, the meaning of "his food is the hunger" might be that he doesn'teat anything unless hunger occupied him totally and he had lust for food and so the hunger is hisown food. The purpose of richness here is the richness of the soul and the unnecessity for people, Al-Jaza'iri mentioned that. As attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he used to say: fear God and don't envyeach other, for Jesus the son of Mary used to walk on the lands and he went out for some

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destination and there was a short man with him and he used to stay a lot with him and when Jesusended up to the sea he said: by the name of God, by the truth that He had given, and then he walkedon the surface of the water, and then the short man said when he saw that: by the name of God, bythe truth He had given, and he walked on the surface of water and catched Jesus and he wonderedabout himself and said: this is Jesus the Spirit of God walks on water and I do so too then why he ispreferred upon me? Then he was drowned in water and he asked for help from Jesus and Jesushelped him out and said to him: what did you say O short man? He answered: I said: this is Jesus theSpirit of God walks on water and I do so too then why he is preferred upon me? and I was amazed formyself, then Jesus said to him: you have put yourself in a position that was not made for you so Godhated you for what you said, so repent, and the man repented and God got him back to the positionthat God had put him in before so fear God and don't envy each other.

Some Additions of Narrations About The Messiah, Jesus (PUH)

As attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said that Jesus the son of Mary (PUH) climbed a mountain inthe lands of Canaan called Arihâ (Jericho) and the Satan came to him in the shape of the king ofPalestine and he said to him: O Spirot of God, you resurrected the dead and cured the blind and theleper, then let yourself down from this mountain, and then Jesus said to him: all of that was by apermission of God and by His commandments and that thing He didn't command me to do, and inanother narration it is mentioned that Satan said: don't you claim that you resurrect the dead? Jesusanswered: yes, he said then: then let youself down from that wall, and the answer was as mentionedbefore, and the Satan said: can your Lord get the earth into an egg and the egg as it is and the earthas it is? He (PUH) answered: God is not described with any disability and what you said is not to bebecause it is impossible by itself because it is a disability in what is possible but not a disability in theabilities of God. As attributed to Al-Bâqir (PUH): Satan met with Jesus the son of Mary (PUH) andJesus said to him: did your tricks get some of me? Then Satan said: when your grandmother gavebirth to your mother she said: Lord it is a female and a male is not like a female and I sake refuge inyou for her offsprings and descendants against the Satan, and so I couldn't harm you.

It is mentioned that Al-Ridhâ (PUH) was asked about the reason that Al-Hawariyoon (The Apostles)were called by this name, and he (PUH) said: for people they were called like this because they usedto clean up the clothes from dirts, and for us they are called like this because they are sincere inthemselves and used to relief others from the dirts of their sins by sermons. Then he was asked whyNasârâ (Christians, Nazarethans) were called by this name? He answered: because they are from avillage called Al-Nâsirah (Nazareth) in the lands of Canaan and there settled Mary and Jesus aftercoming back from Egypt. It is mentioned that Jesus once said: O Apostles, I have a request would youfullfil it for me? They said to him: what is your request O Spirit of God? He said to them: to let mewash your feet, they said then: we are the ones that supposed to wash them for you, he said tothem: No, this is my request to you. Then he went and washed their feet, and then he said to them: I

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am the one to be served by those who have the wisdom, and I've been humble to you so that youbecome humble to the people after me as I am humble to you, and then said Jesus: by being humble,the wisdom grows but not by ego, and so the grass grows in the plains but it doesn't grow inmountains. In some narrations it is mentioned that Al-Sâdiq (PUH) was asked: why the folks of Jesuswere able to walk on water but the folks of Muhammad couldn't do so? He (PUH) then answered:the folks of Jesus had their enough of living and made life so cheap and had their enough in the grassof the ground, and those, the folks of Muhammad (PUH) were troubled by the living and the trade. Itis mentioned by them (the Household) (PUT) that the first of nations were three that did notdisbelieve in God for one glance of time: `Ali ben Abi-Tâlib, the prince of believers (PUH), and HabeebAl-Najjâr the believer of Ya Sin [please check the chapter of Ya Sin (13-27)] and the believer of thefamily of the pharaoh, Ezekiel [please check the chapter of Moses], and `Ali ben Abi-Tâlib (PUH) istheir best. Jesus the son of Mary had many strange and amazing tidings that have nothing alike, andone of those is that once upon a time he passed by a village and he settled as a guest for an oldwoman and she had no one with her except of one son that his father died and was an orphan, andshe was so poor and her son loved the daughter of the king because he saw her in her castle and heloved her and her love remained in his heart and he turned so dispaired, so Jesus noticed him andknew that he was so sad and he asked him about his sadness but he denied to give an answer, but heinsisted and said to him: tell me about your story maybe the cure is with me, and in brief he told himhis story and how despaired he is.

What happened then is that Jesus sent the young man to the king to ask to marry his daughter andwhen he arrived they blocked his way and mocked at him and were amazed of his request, but hedidn't go away until they let him in to the king and he asked to marry his daughter , and then the kingsaid as to mock at him: I shall not give you my daughter until you bring that much of pearsl and thatmuch of jewels and that much of rubies, and he described what was not in his own treasury neitherit was in the reasuries of other kings, and then the young man said: I shall go now and bring you theanswer, and when he went back to Jesus (PUH) and told him of what happened, Jesus took him andwent with him to a deserted place full of stones and rocks and he prayed to God and all turned towhat the king asked for, so the young man took what the king asked and went to him, and it waseven more better than what the king asked for, and when he arrived to the king he got amazed withthe rest of the people sitting in his court, and then the king said: this is not enough, and then theyoung man turned back to Jesus and told him what happened, and Jesus said: go to the place andtake what you want and go to him, and when he got back to the king with the double of the firstrequest, he got more amazed and even so his ministers and the king said then: this young man has aweird affair, and then the king remained with the young man alone and asked about his story, and hetold him all the story that happened with Jesus the son of Mary (PUH) and how he loved hisdaughter, and the king knew that the guest was Jesus the son of Mary (PUH) and that was his owndeed and everything the young man came up with was from him and he wants to complete the storyup to the young man, and then the king said to the young man: tell the guest to come up to me andlet my daughter marry you, and so Jesus came up and married the daughter to the young man andthe king sent luxurious clothes to the young man and he wore them and married the daughter atthat night, and when it was the morning, the king asked to bring the young man and he talked to himand found out that he was a wiseman and the king had no other son but only this daughter and sothe king made him his successor and he ordered everyone to obey him and on the second night theking died and the young man turned to a king and everyone obeyed him, and then Jesus came in the

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third day to say farewell to him before travelling out of his old mother's house, and then the youngman said: O wiseman, you have many great favors upon me that I can't thank for even single one ofthem, but yesterday a matter passed by my mind and if you didn't answer me about it theneverything I had by now is useless to me, he (Jesus) said: and what is that? The young man said: youwere able to move me from that low grade to this high position in just two days so why don't you dothe same for yourself and I can see you in those clothes and in such situation? And he (Jesus) thenanswered with something that didn't convince him, and then he insisted and he swore that he shallnot let him go until he knows the truth from him, and then Jesus (PUH) said: he who knows God andhow much are His favors and His rewards and he who can see how this life will be over and howcheap it is shall not be chasing such mortal kingdom and we have by the closeness to Him and by theknowledgement of Him a spirituality, that beside it we count those mortal lusts as nothing beside it,and when he (Jesus) told him about the life and its badness and the after-life and its rewards, theyoung man then said: then I have another matter shall be against you, why did you choose what isbetter for yourself and made me go along with such troubles? Then Jesus (PUH) said to him: I chosethat for you to test your mind and your wisdom and to make the reward for you to leave all of thosethings that are made easy for you and so you shall be a clue by yourself against others, and when theyoung man heard his answer and saw the truth, he left the kingdom and wore his old clothes andfollowed Jesus the son of Mary (PUH), so think about it O people of wisdom.

It is narrated by Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that once upon a time Jesus the son of Mary (PUH) went to somedestination with three men and he passed by three golden adobes along the road, and Jesus thensaid to his companions: this is the one that kills people, and he passed it and not so far away one ofhis companions said: I need to do something, and he departed and then the other two did the sameand left Jesus walking alone, and he knew what they wanted, and then the three met over the threeadobes, and then the two said to one of them: buy us some food from the near by village, and hewent to buy some food and he put some poison in it to kill them so that they won't share the goldwith him, and the two said that they shall kill him when he comes back, and when he got back theykilled him and then they had their lunch and died, and then Jesus came back to them and they aredead and he resurrected them by the permission of God, and then said to them: didn't I tell you thatthis is the one that kills people? And as attributed to Al-Bâqir (PUH) that he said: when Jesus wasborn, he was like two months old in one day, and when he turned to be seven months old, hismother took him to a teacher and made him sit at his place, and the teacher said to him: say by thename of God the most beneficent the most Merciful, and so did Jesus say, and then the teacher said:say Abjad Hawaz [in fact, they are the beginning of the alphabet in semitic languages and they areABJD HWZ or HVZ], and before the end of his speech, Jesus left his head and said: do you know whatis Abjad? The teacher then wanted to hit him and he said to him: O teacher don't hit me, if you knowwhat is it then for it or ask me to tell you the truth, and he said: tell me, and he (Jesus) said: A is forthe favors of God, and B is for the happiness of God, and the J for the beauty of God and D for thereligion of God, Hawaz: H for how horrible is hell, W is for woe for the people of hell, and Z for thebreath of the hell, and HTY for: the sins are dropped down for those who repent, KLMN is for: thewords of God that never changed, S`FSs [Ss = Ts in modern Hebrew and Aramaic sometimes] is for:eye for an eye, QRShT is for: He gathered them together [notice that all of these interpretations arebased mainly on the Arabic language, and might be so close to the original language of Jesus,Aramaic, since both of them are semitic languages along with Hebrew and all of them have the sameorder for the alphabet], and then the teacher said to his mother: O lady, take the hands of your son

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because he is taught he needs not a teacher. As attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said: Jesus said: Idealth with sick people and cured them with the permission of God, and cured the blind and theleper by the permission of God, and I dealth with the dead and resurrected them by the permissionof God, and I dealt with the stupid but I couldn't cure him, so he was asked: and what is the stupid OSpirit of God? he answered: he's the one who likes himself and his own opinion and see that he hasall the favors like if they are not done to him and see that he has all the rights and considers no onehas any rights, so that is the stupid that has no cure. It is narrated that Jesus once was wandering andit got stormy with rain and lightning so he got on looking for a shelter, and he saw a tent far away andhe went to it and there he found a woman so he remained away from it and then he saw a cave in amountain and he went there and found a lion, so he put his hand over his back [his back might meanthe back of the lion, or his own back] and lifted his head towards God and said: O Lord, You made foreverything a shelter but me, and then God inspired to him: your shelter is deep into My Mercy andby My Exaltness I shall let you marry one hundred nymph that I made by My own hands and I shallfeed in your wedding for four thousand years and each day of them is like the age of life, and I shallorder a caller to call and say: where are the faithful in this life let them attend the wedding of thefaithful Jesus the son of Mary. They say that life appeared for him in the shape of an ugly old womanwith no teeth and wearing various ornaments, and then Jesus said to her: how many did you marry?She answered: I can't count them, and then he said to her: and all of them died or they divorcedyou? She said: no but I killed them all, and then he said to her: woe to them your previous husbands,how come you kill them one by one and they weren't aware? And there are many other sermons andadvices and miracles that we cannot mention in here and what we have mentioned in here is onlylike a drop of his sea, so it is enough to take this much of his wisdom, may peace be upon him, andour success is only by God.

The Bell

What is understood from the bell strikes, as attributed to the prince of believers (PUH) that he wastalking Al-Hâriþ Al-A`war when the bell was being struck, and he (PUH) said to him: do you knowwhat the bell says? He said: I answered: God, His prophet and his cousin know better, then `Ali (PUH)said: it is striking and it resembling the life and its destruction and it says: no other God but Allahtruely truely, life had seduced us and turned us busy with it, O son of life wait and wait, O son of lifehardly hardly, O son of life together together, and life is finishing century by century, no single daypasses us unless we are getting even weaker, we've lost a life that will be forever and settled down ina life that will be over and we don't know what we had done with it unless we are in front of it. Thensaid Al-Hâriþ: O prince of believers (PUH), Nazarethans (christians) know that? Then he (PUH)answered: if they knew they wouldn't take the Messiah as a god instead of God, the Exalted. Thensaid Al-Hâriþ: then I went to the monk and I said to him by the rights of the Messiah upon you, strikethe bell as you do, then he started to strike it and I started to say letter by letter until it reached"unless we are in front of it" and then the monk said: by the rights of your prophet, who told you so?I said: that man that was with me yesterday, and it was the prince of believers (PUH), and he said:and is he related to the prophet? I said: he is his cousin, and he said then: by the rights of yourprophet did he hear that from your prophet? I said to him: yes, and when he knew that from me heturned to a muslim, and then he said to me: by God, I've found that in Torah and it is mentioned thatthere will be a prophet at the end of the prophets that will interpret what is said by the bell strikes.There are many other stories with the same meaning.

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The Uplift of Jesus The Son of Mary Into Heaven

In a long narration telling the details of the situations of the Messiah, Jesus the son of Mary (PUH),and in it: God sent Jesus the son of Mary and put in him the light and the wisdom and all theknowledgements of the prophets before him and revealed for him the gospel and sent him toJerusalem, to the Israelites, to call them back to the faith of God, and he remained among them forthirty three years until the jews asked for him and they claimed that they killed him, and Godwouldn't let them have any control of that but He confused them: they slew him not nor crucifiedhim, but it appeared so unto them(Al-Nisâ':157). As attributed to Al-Bâqir (PUH) he said: when it wasthe same night as that when Joshua ben Nun was killed, that is when Jesus the son of Mary wasuplifted into heaven and it is the same night that the prince of believers (PUH) was killed as well andat that night no single stone was uplifted from the face of earth unless there was lot of bloodunderneath it, and it was the same at the night of the death of Al-Husain ben `Ali (PUH). In anarration attributed to him (PUH) also: Jesus (PUH) at the night of his uplift promised his companionsand told them what will happen with him, and they gathered around him and they were twelve menand he gave them his advices and made them understand what he wants from them and warnedthem against the assault of their enemy until he said to them: God shall uplift me in this hour andshall protect me against the jews, so who shall take my shadow and be in my place and shall becrucified and be with me in my place? Then one young man stood up and said: me O Spirit of God,and he said to him: it is you then, and then Jesus said to them: after me you will be divided into threegroups, two of you lied and shall be delivered to hell, and one shall be saved and that is the one whofollow Sham`un Al-Safâ (Simon) which is true, and then Jesus was uplifted from the corner of thehouse and they were looking at him, and then said the Imam: then the jews came asking for Jesusthe son of Mary at that night as he told them and they took the young man that carried the shadowof Jesus (PUH) and he was killed and crucified, and as attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said: Jesusthe son of Mary (PUH) was uplifted and he was dressing wools that Mary made, and when hebecame into heavens he was called: O Jesus the son of Mary, drop off yourself the ornaments of life.As attributed to Al-Ridhâ (PUH): there was nothing like the matter of Jesus the son of Mary (PUH)among the prophets, because he was uplifted alive from earth and then his soul was taken betweenheaven and earth and then uplifted to heaven and his soul returned back to him and this is God'ssaying: O Jesus! Lo! I am gathering thee and causing thee to ascend unto Me(Al-`Imrân:55), andthere is another narration was told about his uplifting into heaven and in the interpretation of theprevious holy phrase there were many interpretations been told, and as attributed to Ibn-`Abbâs: "Iam gathering thee" means as of the death time, and in some narrations it is mentioned that he diedfor three hours and then his soul got back to him, and in another interpretation it is said that itmeans "I shall uplift you alive and remain alive and then you shall come back to earth and die there."

This is supported by a narration been told by the prophet (PUH) and Jesus (PUH) didn't die and heshall be back before the doomsday and die after he is revealed from heaven to earth. Some said that"I am gathering thee and causing thee to ascend unto Me" means "I shall ascend you without adeath," and some said that it means "I shall gather you when you sleep and ascend you while you'resleeping" as it is mentioned by God's saying (in another holy phrase): He it is Who gathereth you atnight(Al-An`âm:60)... and so on of many interpretations, so the best of those is what is in the middleand this is what is the most famous for us and whoever would meditate about it shall find that this isthe truth and only God knows. For God's saying: There is not one of the People of the Scripture butwill believe in him before his death(Al-Nisâ':159), Al-Hajjâj ben Yousef Al-Þaqafi [a ruler of Baghdad

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that was a famous for his blood-thirst and killing people with and without a reason] asked somescholars about its meaning and said: I pass by a jew or a christian who is to be beheaded and look athim but I don't find him moving his lips until he dies, then the scholar answered: it is not as you hadinterpreted it, and then he said: then how it is interpreted? Then he (the scholar) answered: Jesusthe son of Mary shall be revealed before the doomsday from heaven to this life and so no singlecreed of jews and christians and others would remain unless all would believe in him before theirdeath and he shall pray behind Al-Mahdi (PUH), and then Al-Hajjâj asked: woe to you, from whereyou had all of that? He said to him: Muhammad ben `Ali ben Al-Husain ben `Ali ben Abi Tâlib (Al-Bâqir) (PUT) told me about it, and then he said to the scholar: by God you got it from a clean waterspring. And thanks shall be for God and the most beautiful of compliments.

The Injeel (Gospel) is A Heavenly Revealed Book

It is the one that was revealed from God on the heart of His servant Jesus the son of Mary (PUH) asHe revealed the Torah on Moses ben Amram before him and Quran on Muhammad the chosen(PUH) after him. In some bibles it is mentioned that the Messiah, Jesus the son of Mary, wasprophecised when he became thirty years old and some historians along with some Quraninterpreters agreed on that. The Gospel is a book that contained guidance and light and called theIsraelites to get back to God and worship Him, and prophecised for them about future events andbrought to them the good tidings of the closeness of the time of the prophet (PUH) that Godpromised the Israelites that He will send him to the creations with a new set of laws and he will belike Moses ben Amram, an owner of a separate set of laws and regulations, and in it (the Gospel)there are describtions for him and for his followers. Now, where is the Gospel of the Messiah thatwas mentioned in Quran: He hath revealed unto thee (Muhammad) the Scripture with truth,confirming that which was (revealed) before it, even as He revealed the Torah and the Gospel(Al-`Imrân:3), and in the chapter of Al-Mâ'idah: And We caused Jesus, son of Mary, to follow in theirfootsteps, confirming that which was (revealed) before him in the Torah, and We bestowed on himthe Gospel wherein is guidance and a light, confirming that which was (revealed) before it in theTorah - a guidance and an admonition unto those who ward off (evil). Let the People of the Gospeljudge by that which Allah hath revealed therein. Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hathrevealed: such are evil-livers(Al-Mâ'idah:46-47), and God said: If they had observed the Torah andthe Gospel and that which was revealed unto them from their Lord, they would surely have beennourished from above them and from beneath their feet. Among them there are people who aremoderate, but many of them are of evil conduct(Al-Mâ'idah:66), Say O People of the Scripture! Yehave naught (of guidance) till ye observe the Torah and the Gospel and that which was revealed untoyou from your Lord(Al-Mâ'idah:68), and God said: Those who follow the messenger, the Prophet whocan neither read nor write, whom they will find described in the Torah and the Gospel (which are)with them(Al-A`râf:157), and God said: Such is their likeness in the Torah and their likeness in theGospel - like as sown corn that sendeth forth its shoot and strengtheneth it and riseth firm upon its

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stalk(Al-Fat-h:29), and in the chapter of Al-Hadeed: Then We caused Our messengers to follow intheir footsteps; and We caused Jesus, son of Mary, to follow, and gave him the Gospel..etc(Al-Hadeed:27), there are many holy phrases in the chapters of the Quran that tell that the Gospel isonly one heavenly revealed book and no more. Is it there then, the Gospel that the Messiah broughtand gave it to his followers and ordered them to spread it? Yes there are the Gospels of Mattâ(Matthew) and Murqus (Mark) and Luqâ (Luke) and Yohannâ (John) and these are the gospels thatare taken by the chrisitans in the Church and they work by them, and from them some of thesermons that was spoken by the Messiah reached the world, and these four gospels are selectedfrom a large number of other gospels and they were chosen because most of the bishops agreed onthem, and they tell his (the Messiah) stories and his speeches and sermons and his miracles that Godshowed upon his hands, and they include also advices for people to worship the One God and toobey His commandments and to the goodness of treatment among the people and to be humble andfar away from pride and wrong, and also they order to do the best for the goodness and not to chaselife and its ornamentations and to consider oneself as a guest or a passerby, and the traveller don'tbuild castles, and he who gave himself to worship God how come shouldn't he depend on God andnot satisfied with God and how come he shall fight God and complain about Him to His creations?And he should not spend his life thinking of his food and drink and his home and clothes while heclaims that God is the One that takes care of him, and this is an example of what the Gospel containsof manners and morals, and it is apparent that nothing of it was written at the time of the Messiahbut they were all written after him, and done by some of his followers and their followers as well,and they wrote many stories and whoever write one book he would call it a gospel until there wereabout one hundred gospels as some said.

The Church chose of them what doesn't oppose its desires and made it legal and closed its eyes infront of the differences among them, and they said that all the gospels have no discrete chain (ofattributers) and there is no single one found with the handwriting of its own author, look at whatwas written by Rahmatullah Al-Hindi about the four gospels in the book of Izhâr Al-Haq:The gospelthat is attributed to Matthew now is the first of the gospels and the oldest one for them (christians),it was not of his work but even what he wrote has no traces now because as people of wisdom know,it was written in Hebrew and not in Arabic and it was lost and the one that is translated now isweakly attributed back to him, and the name of the translator was not known and it is said thatJerome which is one of their (christians) most virtuous men of old, and they mentioned in the bookof Al-Fâriq Bayn Al-Makhlooq W'Al-Khâliq [The difference between the created and the Creator],some matters related to this subject and assure what we've mentioned with clues that proves we areright about what we've just mentioned, check back the book of the Tales of the Prophets for `Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr page 400, the third edition.

Gospel of Mark

Notice the book of Muruj Al-Akhbâr Fi Tarâjim Al-Abrâr that was printed in Beirut in 1880A.D. byPotros Qurmâj, and notice what he says about Murqus (Mark), and that he was a levite jew and hewas a pupil of Potros (Peter) the well known, and he is one of the Messiah's followers and he deniedthe divinity of the Messiah and was killed in a jail in Alexandria in 68A.D. by pagans, and they say thathe wrote his gospel by the supervision of his master Peter in 61A.D. to make the nations profit by itand so they were turned to christians by his services, and so was mentioned in the book of Al-FâriqBayn Al-Makhlooq W'Al-Khâliq.

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Gospel of Luke

The story of Luke is even weirder than that of Matthew and Mark, and he was a physician fromAntakya (Antioch) and he didn't see the Messiah at all and he was taught the christianity from Polos(Paul) which was a fundamentalistic jew against the christians and he didn't see the Messiah in hislife and used to harm christians, and they said that he found out that it's of no use to harm thechristians while he needed them so he preteneded to be one of them and showed that he believedin the Messiah and he claimed that he had an epileptic fit and the Messiah showed himself for himand touched him and ordered him not to harm the christians, and since that time he believed in himand the Messiah sent him to spread his gospel, and talking about him would be long and bad to hear,and he legalized for them to eat the carrion and the wine drinking and that he knew that faith only isenough to servive without doing anything, and the writing of the gospel of Luke was after that Markwrote his own and that was after the death of Peter and Paul, and some well-known christian writerswrote about Luke and his gospel: he had mixed the lies of novels with the truth of the miracles, andsome of them said: Matthew and Mark are different in their writings and if they agreed then theirsaying is more probable than the saying of Luke, and the one who copied these lines, `Abdul-WahaâbAl-Najjâr said: let the reader know that Luke mentioned many things in his gospel adding to whatwas mentioned in the gospel of Matthew in some twenty locations, some of them are miracles andsome of them are different stories, and his additions compared to Mark are counted as so much.

Gospel of John

The matter of the gospel of John is even the weirdest of all, and as it is said, lot of christians thoughtthat John, the author of this gospel, is in fact one of the twelve apostles of the Messiah and he is theson of Zabdi the fisherman and he was born in Sayda (Sidon), one of Al-Jaleel's (Galilee's) villages,and he was the one that was most beloved by Jesus the son of Mary, but they mentioned that therewas a group of people that used to tell the christians and warn them that the Messiah is only ahuman and he was not founded before his mother Mary, and for this a group of bishops gathered in96A.D. mostly from the bishops of Asia and some others, all of them gathered themselves at John'splace and asked him to write about the Messiah and call for a gospel that was not written by othersbefore, and to write especially about the divinity of the Messiah, so he couldn't deny and answeredtheir request, and the christians were confused about the year that John wrote his gospel in, somesay it was 65A.D. and others say it was 96A.D. and some say it was 98A.D. and lot of christianscholars denied that this gospel was written by John the one that followed Jesus, but it was made bya pupil in Alexandria, and a lot was written about that, notice page 401 and 402 from the tales of`Abdul-Wahâb Al-Najjâr, and it was only attributed to John just to make people believe in it, and thatgospel was made of twenty chapters and then after the death of John, the church of Afâs added thetwenty first chapter, check the first part of Al-Fâriq Bayn Al-Makhlooq W'Al-Khâliq page 341 and 342,and from all of that it is now known that this gospel was only written for a special purpose and that isto prove the divinity of the Messiah and to cut of the teachings that tell that he is only a human andnot a god, and from this point did the gospels differ because the people who made them haddifferent purposes and opinions, and if you want to check the truth and how they are different youcan check the book of Al-Fâriq Bayn Al-Makhlooq W'Al-Khâliq, and also Izhâr Al-Haq [showing thetruth] by Rahmatullah Al-Hindi, and also the book of Hidâyat Al-Hiyârâ [the guidance of the buffled]by Ibn Al-Qayyim. And God is the Guider to the straight path.

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Gospel of Barnaba

They say he was one of the followers of the Messiah that used to work on spreading his teachings,and they wrote about him and about the services that he used to do and he did all of that alone andwith other apostles, and he was cypriot levite, and the author of the book of his works mentioned alot about his sincerity and his services and mentioned that he was absolutely trusted in the church inJerusalem, and he was sent to Antakya as a missionary and he was a faithful man and full of the spiritof holiness and faith, and then happened to be that a debate was started about the matter ofcircumcision that was appointed in the laws of Moses, and that happened when a group of jewsstarted to warn people and tell them about that until it caused a big debate among the followers ofJesus the son of Mary, and for this reason, Paul and Barnaba, the owner of this gospel and the onedescribed with sincerity and trust in Jerusalem, and they went together with some people to themasters and scholars in Jerusalem to try to solve this great problem. There are other stories andevents that he took part of them, and a gospel for this man was found and it consisted of stories ofthe Messiah, like the gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, and it also has no chain of traces,and it was translated by Khaleel Sa`âdah and he said about it: many opinions for researchers occuredand many historians did differ in their opinions about it, and they found guidance and astraying in it,and sensed its truth with guidance, and tried to manipulate something of the traces and the booksand asked about it in all times and lands but after all, they found nothing that would satisfy them.They say that the copy of it was in Rome in the library of the Pope, and a bishop stole it when hefound it, and when he read it he refused christianity and turned to a muslim and that was at the endof the 16th century.

The translator, Khaleel Sa`âdah said in his introduction: I see that the writer of the gospel of Barnabawas an Andalusite jew that had a deep insight into judaism and then he turned into christianity andhad a deep insight into it and then he turned to Islam and had a deep insight into it. He sees that thisis the solution closest to the truth because this man was deep into the religions, and then he said:this gospel showed an excellent version of wisdom and a high level of philosophical literature andways that act like magic on the minds with their absolute language although the expressions usedwere simple, until he said: it (the gospel) commands with the goodness and prohibits the badnessand advises with virtues and and to stay away from the bad manners and calls the human to sacrificehimself to do the goodness for the people, and then he said: and it is not known if the gospel ofBarnaba is one of the books that was prohibited to read. Whatever it was with the gospel ofBarnaba, it is anyhow one of the gospels that were written about the life of the Messiah, although itis special with its style and expressions. If you want more insight into it then you can check what Imentioned of books before and God is the Bringer of success. I've mentioned something about thegospels and I've pointed out what was in them in general and they are opposing each other eventhough partially, and I've guided you to them and to who wrote about them in details and to some ofthe books that discussed them, and I've released myself from mentioning what is in them and what isto profit from them although most of what we had mentioned was taken from them, and we'vementioned and thanks be to God, lot of things in the previous researches about the life of theMessiah, Jesus the son of Mary, and thanks be to God, He is our Protector and upon Him we shalldepend.

Bukht Nassar (Nebuchadnezzar)

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As it is apparent, the situation with Nebuchadnezzar was like that of Nimrod at the time of Abraham(PUH), and he was a tyrant man and his capital and the center of his kingdom was in Babel (Babylon)in the lands of Iraq near by Al-Hillah, and he was a magus and a bastard (natural son) and had nofather, all of that was mentioned. Then he invaded the holy lands and conquered Jerusalem anddestroyed it and burned the Torah and threw the dead bodies in the Temple and he killed for theblood of John ben Zacharias (PUH) seventy thousand and he captivated the others and took theirfortunes and brought them to Babylon and they remained in Babylon for one hundred years as slavesfor the magii. Then God had mercy upon them and so a king of the kings of Persia who knew Godordered to get them back to their lands, and they remained for one hundred years doing thegoodness and remained on the straight path, but then they got back to the ill manners and the sins,so then a king (caesar) of the romans that was called Antiâkhius [probably Titus] so he destroyedJerusalem again and captivated the people and they have a long story that shouldn't be mentionedhere because the speech is about Nebuchadnezzar. They say he was called like that because he wasfound laying down at an idol called Bukht that belonged to a king called Nassar (Nezzar), and thatwas when he was born and no father nor a mother for him were known, and some say that he wascalled by this name because he was breastfeeeded from a she-dog that was called Bukht and itbelonged to a man called Nassar, and he wasn't circumcised and he invaded Jerusalem with sixhundred thousand legions. It is testifed about this matter by God's saying: And We decreed for theChildren of Israel in the Scripture: Ye verily will work corruption in the earth twice, and ye willbecome great tyrants. So when the time for the first of the two came, We roused against you slavesof Ours of great might who ravaged (your) country, and it was a threat performed. Then we gave youonce again your turn against them, and We aided you with wealth and children and made you morein soldiery. (Saying): If ye do good, ye do good for your own souls, and if ye do evil, it is for them (inlike manner). So, when the time for the second (of the judgments) came (We roused against youothers of Our slaves) to ravage you, and to enter the Temple even as they entered it the first time,and to lay waste all that they conquered with an utter wasting(Al-Isrâ':4-7), and the meaning of thatand only God knows, that We inspired (mentioned) for the Israelites in Torah and told them aboutwhat shall they do of sins and tyranny and they will commit many crimes that they should bepunished in this life before the after-life and most important of what they shall commit are twothings: the first is to do against what is mentioned in Torah of laws and regulations and to rebelagainst God, and then kill Isaiah and Jeremiah with no right but because they are prophets callingback to worship God and order with the goodness and prohibit the ill-manners, and the second oneis that they shall kill Zacharias and John and the desire to kill Jesus the son of Mary (PUT). AboutGod's saying "So when the time for the first of the two came, We roused against you slaves of Ours ofgreat might who ravaged (your) country, and it was a threat performed" meaning the promise ofpunishment in this life before the after-life, at that time We shall send over you servants for us,meaning Nebuchadnezzar and his soldiers, that shall come and ask for you and look for you and lookfor your shameful history and your crimes and punish you severely, because the wrong disbeliever isGod's sword that God uses to revenge and to punish the rebellious, and then God shall take revengeof him in the after-life. So he shall be sent over you to kill you and to captivate you and take all ofyour fortunes. Then God shall have mercy upon you and let you back to your lands and homes andyou shall be in safety for some time as long you are on the straight path, and when your souls turn illas before and rebelled, God shall send to you the sword of revenge of what He prepared for suchpurpose as He took revenge of you in the first time, and then by a mercy from Him he got you backhome again.

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For God's saying "So, when the time for the second (of the judgments) came (We roused against youothers of Our slaves) to ravage you," it means that We sent them to let your faces shown up becausethe traces of the revenge and the sins are obvious in them, and to lay waste all what they conqueredby their force and their invasion for you and so they shall be controlling you again, and for this camethe invasion of the king (caesar) of the romans or the king of Persia, both are mentioned. So Godhumiliated them by scattering them around and killing them and by destruction and they enteredthe Temple as they did in the first time and they killed their children and humiliated their nobles andtheir elders and took their fortunes. It is narrated by the prophet (PUH) that Nebuchadnezzar ruledfor one hundred and eighty seven years, and killed seventy thousand warriors of jews for the bloodof John ben Zacharias and destroyed the Temple and the jews were scattered all over the lands. Asattributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said: the earth was ruled by four, two believers and twodisbelievers, as for the believers they were Solomon ben David (PUH) and Ðul-Qarnain, and as for thetwo disbelievers, they were Nimrod and Nebuchadnezzar.

Dâniâl (Daniel) (PUH)

They say that he was an orphan and had no mother or father and grown up with an old woman fromthe Israelites, and he was captivated by Nebuchadnezzar as well as `Uzair (Ezra), and God made themsafe away from this tyrant's punishment and torture, and he (Daniel) died some where near Shush,and seems it is a village behind the river, and the river of Shâsh is a well-known river like Tigris andEuphrates and the Nile as they said. When Nebuchadnezzar captured Daniel and kept him for awhile, many things happened about him and people knew him by his virtues and they gatheredaround him to listen to his sermons to guide them to their happiness, and so then Nebuchadnezzargot afraid because of him and he kept him in a pit like a well and he kept with him a lioness that gotmilk, and all that long time in that pit he used to drink her milk and this is what kept him alive andshe used to eat from the mud of the pit, and he stayed like this for long time until he got annoyed ofit and got even weaker, so he then prayed to God to make a relief for him. Then God inspired to theprophet that was in Jerusalem and God sent him there after the leaving of Nebuchadnezzar, so Godinspired to him to take the food and the drink to Daniel and tell him My greets, and the prophetasked: and where is he O Lord? so He answered him: you will find him in the well of Babylon, andthen the prophet came to him and saw him in the well and said to him: O Daniel, and he answered:yes, O strange voice, and he said to him: your Lord greets you and He sent to you this food and drink,and so he hanged it down for him and then Daniel said: thanks be to God who never forgets whomentions Him, thanks be to God who never disappoints who prayed to Him, thanks be to God who isenough for who depends on Him, thanks be to God who never delivers to another who trusted Him,thanks be to God who gives goodness in exchange of goodness, thanks be to God who gives triumphby patience, thanks be to God who gives a relief after our adversities, thanks be to God who is ourTrust when we have no tricks to do, thanks be to God who is our hope when we doubt about ourworks..etc. Then at that night, after the pray of Daniel, Nebuchadnezzar saw in his dream that hishead was made of iron and his legs were made of copper and his chest was made of gold, and thenhe called out for the priests and the astrologers and asked them: what did I see in my dream? Theyanswered: we don't know, but tell us what you saw in your dream, and he said to them: I give youthe money for a long time and you can't tell what I had in my dream, and he ordered to kill them all,and someone who was attending in his court said to him: if anyone had something, then that would

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be the man of the well because the lioness never stopped feeding him and she is giving him milkwhile she eats the mud, and so then he ordered to bring Daniel (PUH) and he asked him: what did Isee in my dream? He answered: you saw that your head is made of iron and your legs are made ofcopper and your chest is made of gold, and then he said: yes this is what I saw so what is this? Thensaid Daniel to him: your kingdom is to begone and you are to be killed after three days and a manfrom Persia shall kill you, and then Nebuchadnezzar said: I have seven cities and for every city thereare guards, and even I'm not satisfied with those so I put up a duck made of copper on the gates ofevery city so that whenever a stranger goes in it shall shout and he would be taken, and then saidDaniel to him: the matter is what I told you.

Then he sent the knights to the borders of his cities and said to them: whoever passes you by killhim, and Daniel was sitting with him so he said to him: don't leave me for three days and when theyare passed I shall kill you, and when it was the third day he got sad and saw a kid that he used to takeas a son and he was a persian but he didn't know that he was from Persia, so he gave him his swordand said to him: O kid, whoever you find in your way then kill him and if you found me kill me then,so then the kid took the sword and struck his head with it and killed him [this story is different fromthe one told in Torah, and the one in Torah is another famous version among Shiites as well withsome difference]. It is narrated that once Daniel wanted to pass over a river so he gave the boatmana piece of bread so that he would transport him, but he didn't accept that and said: what shall I dowith it and bread is to be stepped upon by the legs for us? and when Daniel saw that from him heraised his hands to the sky and said: O Lord be victorious for the bread for You saw, O Lord, what thisslave made and what did he say about the bread, and then God inspired to the sky to hold the rainsand inspired to the earth and it turned like clay and didn't plant anything until they began to eat eachother and the story about this is long, and then God had mercy upon them by the prays of Daniel andthen the sky rained over the earth and earth planted and goodness started to show and they gotback to what they used to by the blessings of Daniel, and it is given to Daniel that he shall judgebetween people in the after-life and he was during his childhood an owner of wisdom. It is narratedin a long story that he was standing and watching some children playing in the road and among themthere was a child that they called Mât Al-Deen [religion is dead] so he stepped towards him andasked him about his name and he said: my name is Mât Al-Deen, and then he asked about his fatherand he said: he is dead, and then he asked about his mother and he said that she's alive and he tookhim and went to her in her home and he asked her about the name of her son, and she said to him:his name is Mât Al-Deen, and then he asked her: who named with such name? She said then: hisfather, he went away with some people for some trade and then they got back but he didn't comeback with them and they told me that he is dead, and then I asked them about his fortune andmoney and they said that he didn't leave anything back, and then I asked them if he did say anythingto you? they said: yes he claimed that your are pregnant so he said: tell her that either she got amale or a female let her name it Mât Al-Deen, and then Daniel asked her about his companionswhether they are alive or not, and she said they are all alive, and then he gathered them all togetherand got help from the guards to do so and then he separated them and asked about the man andthey said he is dead, and then he started to ask them one by one about the time of his death andabout his sickness and who used to take care of him and who washed his body and who prayed overhis body and buried him and in what land he was buried and whether there were other peopleattending all of that. In general, they all differed severely in their answers, and then they admittedthat they killed him and divided his money among them, so the man's blood was taken over them

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and he took from them the charge of crime and gave it to the man's family and took also all of hismoney, all of that by his own wisdom and by his art and his ways that no one would be able to doexcept of someone like him as he is one of the viceroys, and he gave all of that to the man's familyand then said to the mother: name your son `Âsh Al-Deen [religion is living] and so she did. ForDaniel there are many more miracles and virtues and have nothing alike them except from viceroyslike him may peace be upon him and them and the blessings of God.

`Uzair (Ezra) Iramyâ' (Jeremiah) (PUT)

Ezra, is the son of Sherahyâ (Seraiah), and he is a prophet that God inspired to him, and some groupsof jews said that Ezra is the son of God, and they say that he was called like that just because herevived the Torah after being burned by Nebuchadnezzar as it is told in Majma` Al-Bahrain [book'sname], but it is well-known that jews made that out after that christian called the Messiah the son ofGod, but let God be Exalted above all what they say so highly, but they are both of them servants ofGod and were ordered to spread the calls of God and to tell His laws and regulations like the others,and as God said: Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that weshall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of usshall take others for lords beside Allah(Al-`Imrân:64), and so jews took him (Ezra) as a god as christiandid with the Messiah, Jesus the son of Mary, and a son of God as it is well-known, may God fightagainst them wouldn't they understand. It is narrated that when God had mercy upon the Israelitesand destroyed Nebuchadnezzar and got them back to their lands and their life, and Ezra, as they said,escaped from Nebuchadnezzar and got into a spring and disappeared, so when they got back to theirlands he got back with them and was among them, and it is attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he saidabout the interpretation of God's saying: Or (bethink thee of) the like of him who, passing by atownship which had fallen into utter ruin, exclaimed: How shall Allah give this township life after itsdeath? And Allah made him die a hundred years, then brought him back to life. He said: How longhast thou tarried? (The man) said: I have tarried a day or part of a day. (He) said: Nay, but thou hasttarried for a hundred years..etc(Al-Baqarah:259), that it was revealed telling the story of Ezra, andsome said it is the story of Jeremiah (PUH), and Al-Sayid Al-Jazâ'iri in his tales said: there was adebate about the one that God made dead for one hundred years and then resurrected him,whether he is Jeremiah and Ezra and there had been narrations about both of them. For the peopleof Scriptures [meaning christians and jews] it is pointed out that it is Ezra, and it is mentioned thatGod inspired to Ezra (PUH): O Ezra, if you did a sin don't look to how small it is but look to whom youdid the sin, and if I gave you some fortune don't look to how small is it but look to who gave it you,and if you have an adversity don't complain about Me to My creations as I do not complain aboutyou to My angels when your sins and secrets are obvious for Me. It is narrated by Al-Sâdiq (PUH):when the Israelites did the sins and rebelled against God's commandments, God wanted to put overthem who would humble them and kill them and so then God inspired to Jeremiah: O Jeremiah, noland I did choose from among all of the lands and I put in it the best of trees and bore the worst offruit, and it is a long talk with lot of describtions about the Israelites and their sins and bad habits inthat holy spot, and then God explained to Jeremiah: O Jeremiah, the land is Jerusalem, and what Godplanted in it was the Israelites, the ones that God made them to live there, and as long they workedwith sins and changed the religion of God and disbelieved and rebelled, then God shall take revengeof the wrong-doers, and He swore by His own Exaltness that He shall test them by an adversity thatthe wisemen shall be baffled with it and swore that He shall make over them the worst of Hisservants by birth, and he shall kill their warriors and captivate their women and destroy their Temple

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that they are proud of and he shall throw their stones that they make pride of over people into thegarbages for one hundred years..etc, and it was as it is said with Nebuchadnezzar and his torture,and we've mentioned his story in details before [please check the chapter of Jesus], and that was thespeech of God with Jeremiah and I liked to mention it here because it mentions the name of a greatprophet whereas Quran didn't mention his name obviously, but the agreements of all theinterpreters of Quran, the Gospel and the Torah, all of those agreements proved his existance as wellas they agreed for the existance of Daniel and Isaiah and other prophets, and as for Ezra, Quranmentioned his name along with the name of the Messiah as for comparison.

In a narration it is told that when Nebuchadnezzar killed whatever he killed in the lands of Canaanand Iraq and then killed by God, then went out Jeremiah riding an ass with some figs with him andsome juice, and then he looked at the beasts eating the dead bodies and he thought for a momentand said: shall God resurrect those and they were eaten by those beasts? and then God caused himto die in his place and it is as God said: Or (bethink thee of) the like of him who, passing by atownship which had fallen into utter ruin, exclaimed: How shall Allah give this township life after itsdeath? And Allah made him die a hundred years, then brought him back to life(Al-Baqarah:259). SoJeremiah remained dead for one hundred years and then God resurrected him and inspired to him:how many days you've been there? he answered: maybe a day or some days, and then God said tohim: you remained for one hundred years..etc. We've mentioned before that this thing happenedwith Ezra and not Jeremiah, and we've explained that both versions of the story was mentioned andit might be most probable on the side of Jeremiah more. As attributed to Ibn `Abbâs he said: Ezrasaid: O Lord, I looked to all Your deeds and I knew how just You are in my mind, and remained onething I didn't understand, and that is when You reveal Your wrath upon a village, You send down Yourpunishment and there are children in the village, so then God ordered him to get out to thelandscapes and it was so hot so he saw a tree and sat under it and slept there and suddenly an antcame and pinched him so he rubbed the earth with his leg and killed lot of ants, so he knew that it isan example that was given for him as to make people imagine it when they ask him about this,otherwise he wouldn't stand against the Will of God and all of his deeds are done for the benefit ofthe servants of God, and He is not to be asked about what He is doing and they shall be asked.

Then God said to him: O Ezra, if some people deserved My punishment then I shall reveal it at thetime of the end of life of those children, so they shall be dead by their own destiny and the othersshall be punishment with My own punishment. No doubt that all of that was destined by His ownknowledgement and it is essential as the thought find it essential, that everything happens in thisworld and no single bead in the darkness of the earth and nothing wet or dry, unless they are allrecorded and known. They say that some scholars said that Ibn Al-Kawwâ' said to the prince ofbelievers (PUH): who is older than his father in this life? Then said the prince of believers (PUH): yes,he is Ezra, for he passed over a deserted village while riding an ass and carrying with him some milkand juice, and when passed over this village he said: shall God revive this after its death? So Godthen caused him to die for one hundred year and his descendants generated and then Godresurrected him, so these are sons that are older than their father. In another narration it ismentioned that Ezra went out of home and his wife was pregnant in her last month of pregnancy andhe was fifty years old at that time, so his son later on met him and he was one hundred years old,and God resurrected Ezra at the same age that he was in. This is the last thing we would like tomention about this matter.

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People of The Cave and The Inscription (Seven Sleepers of Ephesus)

God said: Or deemest thou that the People of the Cave and the Inscription are a wonder among Ourportents? When the young men fled for refuge to the Cave and said: Our Lord! Give us mercy fromThy presence, and shape for us right conduct in our plight(Al-Kahf:90-10), and then: And (it is said)they tarried in their Cave three hundred years and add nine(Al-Kahf:25). The most famous narrationis that the people of the cave were seven and the eighth was there dog and they are from a romancity that was called Aqsus (Ephesus) and they had a good king but he died and they got weak anddiffer among themselves after that, and then a king from Persia that was called Daqyânus [Decius,Dacius] arrived with one hundred thousand soldiers and invaded Ephesus and made it as a capital forhim and built a castle that got an area of a league by league and built in that castle a court that wasone thousand cubit by one thousand cubit of area and all made of glass. The talk about that is longand no need to mention it here for no use of it but to take what is required for this matter, and someof what they said is that in the castle there were four thousand golden cylinders and one thousandlamps made of gold and connected with chains made of silver, and he made for himself a golden bedwith its legs made of silver and spotted with jewels and to his left and right he made chairs made ofgold and silver for the scholars and the priests and the rulers and workers and also he had servantsand made them wear the silky clothes and made crowns for them and made them stand over hishead with golden columns whenever he wanted to sit in his court, and he chose six servants asministers for himself and made three of them to his right and three of them to his left and the namesof them were: Tamlikhâ (Malcus), Mixelmina (Maximian), Martoolus (Martinian), Ninonus (John?),Sârinus (Saraphim) and Daryunus (Dionysius?), and he used to ask for their advice in most of hismatters and they were so close to him, and he made them above all for certain characteristics thatthey had and no one did, and then there is a long story about the conditions of this king withamazing and weird matters showing how tyrant he was and how arrogant. It is told by the prince ofbelievers (PUH) by the way of the prophet (PUH) as been told by the Archangel (Gabriel) (PUH) assaid by God, and this narration was told by the way of Ibn `Abbâs and it was at the time of the firstcaliphate [first caliphate was Abu-Bakr] when a group of jewish rabbis came to him and asked himabout the keys of heaven and what are they, and who warned his people and it wasn't of people nordjinn, and five things that walked upon the face of earth and weren't created in the wombs, andsome other stuff. The narrator said: the principle knocked down his head and appointed the prince ofbelievers, `Ali ben Abi-Tâlib (PUH) to answer the questions and he did answer them according towhat was mentioned in their Torah, and after each answer he did ask them: isn't that mentioned inyour Torah? and they said: yes it is as you mentioned exactly, and one of the questions was about thepeople of the cave and the inscription and about their king and their land and their names and whatwere their jobs and what was their end and how it was with them when they left their jobs and gotout of their land, and the prince of believers (PUH) answered all of that with details until they gotamazed for it was exactly as it was mentioned in their Torah, and some of it was: and when the kinglooked at what God gave him, he turned to be a tyrant and called himself a god instead of the trueGod, and called for that all of his nobles so whoever obeyed him he would give him gifts andwhoever denied so he would kill him. He made for them in each year a festival, and while it was theirfestival and the priests were on his right and the rulers to his left, they told him that the persians areinvading and the sadness got him badly that the crown fell down from his head, and then Tamlikhâ(Malcus) looked at him and he was one of the three men to his right and then he said to himself: ifDacius was a god as he claims then he shouldn't be sad and wouldn't be afraid and wouldn't eat or

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drink and wouldn't sleep even, and those things are not deeds of a god, and those six ministers usedto gather everyday in a place that belongs to one of them whenever Dacius didn't need them and atthat time they were in Malcus's place having something to eat, and he said to them: O brothers,there is something in my heart that kept me away from drinking and eating, and they said to himthen: and what is that? he then said to them: I've looked for long time into the sky and I asked whodid build it and lift it up high without pillars and without something to hang it with, and who made asun and moon to run in it and who did ornament it with stars, and then I looked to earth and thoughtabout it for long time and I asked who did make it plane over the waters and who kept it withmountains and I thought for long time about myself and asked who did made me out of my mother'swomb as a child and who did feed me and who did make me grow, those things have another makerother than the king Dacius. After he spoke these words, they fell down over his legs kissing them andsaid: by you God had guided us so then tell us what to do? Then Malcus got up and sell some fruitfrom his own garden by three thousand coins and he put them into a bag and they went up theirhorses and got out of the city, and when they were away for three miles, Malcus said to them: Obrothers, the after-life came and the ornaments of life are gone, get off your horses and walk by yourlegs may God give you a relief, so then they got off and walked for seven leagues until a shepherdmet them and they said to him: would you give us some milk or water, and then the shepherd said tothem: I have what you like, but I see that your faces like those of kings and I think you are runningaway from Dacius, and he asked many times until they made him to promise, and they told him theirstory and he fell down on their legs kissing them and he told them that he felt in his heart what theyfelt in his heart, and then he got the sheeps back to their owners and he came back with a dogfollowing him. Then the one asking the prince of believers (PUH) asked: O `Ali what was the name ofthe dog and what was his color? Then said the prince of believers (PUH): the dog was white withsome black spots and his name was Qatmeer, and then the men feared that the dog would makethem obvious for others by his barking and they threw stones on him and then God made the dogspeak and he said to them: let me guard you against your enemies. Then they went along until theyreached a cave that was called Al-Waseed, and inside the cave there were some trees and springs, sothey ate from the fruit and drank some of the water and night came over and they remained in thecave and the dog at the cave's entry, and God then commanded the angel of death to take out theirsouls and commanded some angels to flip them to the left and right, and it is a long story and Quranmentioned in brief the main points of it.

In general, Dacius then checked them out and asked about them and he had been told that theyescaped away, so he went after their traces until he reached the cave and he saw them lying likedead he built the door of the cave and blocked it and said: if I wanted to punish them more I wouldbe able to punish them more than what they had punished themselves. Then they remained like thatfor three hundred and nine years as it was told by Quran, and then God resurrected them and theyfound the spring dry as well as the trees and they were amazed for that and hunger overtook them,and Malcus went then to bring some food for them and they were afraid that anyone else would becaptured, so he wore the clothes of the shepherd so that no one would identify him, and when hereached the city he saw many things changed and saw many roads that he didn't see before and hesaw a flag that was written on it "La Ilaha Illa Allah, 'Eesâ Rasool Allah" (No god but God, Jesus is theprophet of God). Then he went into the city and went to a baker and asked him about the city'sname and he answered: Aqsus (Ephesus), then he asked about the king and he answered: his name is`Abdul-Rahmân, and then he paid for him one coin for the bread and the man was amazed for its

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weight and shape. Then they took Malcus and got him into the king's court and he told the kingabout his story and that his friends are in the cave and the people got amazed and started to kiss hishands and feet, and then they went to the cave and before reaching it, Malcus went into the front sothat his folks won't get scared and think that their enemies reached them, and when he told themthe story they said: O Malcus, want to make us an argument for the worlds? Then they chose thatGod would take their souls and so they prayed for that and He answered their prayers and Heknocked down the entry of the cave against people, and then the faithful king came with group ofpeople and built a mosque (temple, church) over that place. Then said the prince of believers (PUH)to the rabbi that asked: does it coincide with what was mentioned in your Torah? and he answered:you didn't add a letter nor neglected a letter and I testify that no other god but God and thatMuhammad is His servant and His prophet. That was the end of the narration as it was mentionedexactly for sometimes and by the general meaning for other times. Also, the prince of believers(PUH) did visit them with a group of people and a group of the prophet's folks and he did so by acommand from the prophet (PUH) and he spoke to them and they spoke to him and he asked themand they did ask him and he told them the greets of the prophet (PUH) as it was told in somenarrations that were told by trusted scholars, and Al-Þa`labi mentioned that in his interpretationsand he mentioned as well miracles of the prophet (PUH) and of the prince of believers (PUH). And asattirbuted to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said that the people of the cave kept their faith a secret andshowed their disbelieving so their reward for showing the disbelieving was greater than keeping thefaith as a secret. As for the inscription, as attributed to `Ali ben Ibrahim that they were two boards ofcopper that was written on them the story of the men and what Dacius wanted from them and howwas their end. Some said that Al-Raqeem (The Inscription) was the name of the valley that had thatcave. Some said that it was the name of the village that they went out from. Some said that thepeople of Al-Raqeem (The Inscription) are those three people that went into a cave and it wasblocked by a stone and they were saved by saying the best of their deeds and those three aredifferent from the men of Dacius with the shepherd that joined them. Quran didn't mention thembut history and the narrations told by the Household pointed out for their existance. As attributed toAl-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said: three people went out wandering on the lands and while they wereworshipping God in a cave in a mountain, suddenly there showed up a rock that fell down andblocked the cave, so some of them said: O servants of God, by God nothing will save you from thisunless you mention what you did purely for the sake of God, and then everyone of them started tomention what they did purely for the sake of God, and when all of them said what they have, Godthen made a relief for them and the rock was removed from the cave's entry by the power of theirfaith, and it was another story, and thanks be to God the One who brings success.

Owners of The Ditch

God said: (Self-)destroyed were the owners of the ditch, Of the fuel-fed fire, When they sat by it, Andwere themselves the witnesses of what they did to the believers, They had naught against them savethat they believed in Allah, the Mighty, the Owner of Praise..etc(Al-Buruj:4-8). In interpretations andnarrations that are trusted, it is that God sent a prophet from Abyssinia to call the people to thefaith of God and to work with His laws and regulations according to the laws of the Messiah, Jesusthe son of Mary with what was there in the Gospel, and some of the people were pagans and someof them were jews, so this holy prophet started to call the people towards god, and he showed manymiracles and so lot of people followed him and believed in him, and the king was a jew and most ofthe people were jews, so they met with him (the prophet) and fought against him (the prophet) and

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so many of his followers were killed and some others were captured, and then they made ditches forthem into the ground and filled them with woods and sat the fire in them, and on the edges they putsome witnesses to see how it's going to be and how the king's orders shall be done, and then theysaid to the people: whoever was along with the religion of the king and was a jew let him be away,and whoever followed this man let him drop himself into the fire and if anyone denied then push himby force, and so on until the number of those who were killed by the sword and fire reached twentythousand. They say that then came a woman carrying a baby that was two months old only and shegot scared of the fire and then the baby said to her: go ahead and don't be afraid and so she wentinto the fire with the baby. In another narration it is said that the baby was two months old and thewoman wanted to throw herself into the fire but she had mercy upon her child and then God madehim speak and he said to her: O mother, throw yourself and I into the fire for this is not so much forGod. They say about the interpretation of "(Self-)destroyed were the owners of the ditch", that it wasbecause of the king of Abyssinia and it was Ða Nus, the last one to be a king from Himyar, and heturned to judaism and all of Himyar turned to judaism, and he was told that in Najrân in Yemen therewere some people that still believe in christianity and their chief was `Abdullah ben Yâss, and theyinsisted that the king should march to them with his armies and make them get into judaism, and sohe did and when he reached Najrân he gathered all the christians and he threatened them andwarned them to leave christianity but they denied to do so and they chose to be killed instead ofchanging their religion and so he made ditches for them and sat the fire in them, and so some ofthem were thrown to the fire and some were killed by sword, and the numbers of the dead reachedsomething around twenty one thousand men. In a narration, the prince of belivers (PUH) was askedabout the magii [fire worshippers] and their rules, and he answered: they were people that had abook, and once they had a king that got drunk one day and made an affair with his sister and hismother and when he got sober he regretted that, and he said to the people: this is allowed (byreligion), and they denied that, so he started to kill them and made the ditches and threw them intothem..etc. We say: we don't mind that many stories about this matter are available and the narrationis true, because it is like a rule that runs among the wrong kings and they take from each other (thedeeds), and Quran points out to the all because the reason for all of them is one and God sees Hisservants and He is the Knower.

The Prophet Jerjees (Georgeous) (PUH)

As attributed to Ibn `Abbâs he said that God sent Jerjees (PUH) to a king in the lands of Canaan thatwas called Ðu-Ðânah who used to worship an idol, and he advised him and guided him to worshipGod and forbid him to worship the idols and said to him: the creations should not worship except ofGod and don't pray except to Him, so then the king said: from where are you? and he answered:from the Romans and live in Palestine, and then he ordered to capture him and then he ordered tobrush his body with iron brushes until the meat of his body fell down and then sprankled the vinegarover him and rubbed his body with harsh tools and then ironed his body just to let him die bytorture, but since he didn't die he then put long wedges in his head and made his brain go out like aliquid but he didn't die and then he put a large rock over his abdomen. When night came over anangel came down to him and said: O Jerjees, God says to you be patient and be glad and don't beafraid or God is with you and He shall make a relief for you and they shall kill you for four times andduring all of that God shall remove the sense of pain from you and this is destined for you and Heknows the ends. Then the king wiped him over his back and his abdomen and then got him back tothe jail, and then the king wrote (a letter) to the magicians to send him the best of them so they sent

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him a magician who used everything he can of magic over him (Jerjees) but nothing did happen tohim and then he brought a poison and made him drink it and Jerjees said: by the name of God thatlies of the wicked and the magic of the magicians shall be astrayed by His truth, and nothinghappened to him, and then said the magician: if I made the people of the earth to drink this poisonthen their powers would be gone and their eyes would go blind, and then said the magician toJerjees (PUH): then you are the bright light and the shining lamp and the obvious truth and I testifythat your God is true and everything else is false and I believed in Him and believed in His prophetsand to Him I shall repent, and then the king killed him. Then he got Jerjees back to the jail andtortured him severely and he didn't die and then he torn him apart and threw him into a well and hedied there. Then the king gathered with his folks for some food and drinks, and then the universechanged and it went dark and a black cloud came with lightning and thunder and the earth started toshake and they thought that this is their end, and God then ordered Michael (PUH) and he went tothe head of the well and said: stand up O Jerjees by the permission of God and by His Will the Onewho created you, and then Jerjees stood up alive again and Michael got him out of the well and hesaid to him: be patient and be glad and then Jerjees went to the king and he said to him: Godresurrected me and sent me to you to be a clue for you, and then stood the head officer and said: Ibelieved in your God, the One who resurrected you after your death and I testify that He is the truthand everything else is false, and four thousand people followed him and all believed and followedJerjees, and the king killed them all by the sword and then he ordered to bring a board made ofcopper and he fired under it until it went red and he made Jerjees to lie on it and then he ordered tobring lead and it was melted down and poured into his mouth and then he struck his eyes and hishead with wedges and when he saw that this didn't kill him, he sat the fire under him until he diedand ordered to throw his ashes to the wind.

In brief about what remained of his conditions is that God resurrected him by His Will and then senthim to the king while he was sitting with lot of his folks. Then one of the king's folks said: we havefourteen pulpits and food between our hands that is made of many plants some of them give fruitand some others don't, so ask your God to give each tree a life and to plant in each of them its ownleaves and fruit and if He did that I shall believe in you, and then Jerjees put his knees on the floorand prayed to God and yet before leaving his place, every branch bore its fruit and when they sawthat they had no way but to believe in him. When the king saw that he ordered to put him betweentwo wedges and then a saw was put over his head and he was sawn into two halves and then he putthem in a great cauldron and cooked his meat, and the earth went dark and God sent Isrâfeel(Raphael ?) and he shouted and made the people fall down over their faces and God resurrected himagain and sent him again to the damned king and when people saw him they got amazed, and theking said: if I left this magician my people shall be doomed, and all of them then gathered togetherand wanted to kill him by the sword and then said Jerjees: don't be in a hurry to kill me, and thensaid: O Lord, if I died then idols shall be worshipped and I ask You to make my name among thepeople as an example of patience for those who reach You for every adversity and trouble, and thenthey knocked down his neck with the sword and he died, and they were out of town that time soafter that they went inside it in a hurry and all of them were doomed. Al-Mas'udi said: of those whowere in the period of time after the Messiah, there was Jerjees (PUH) and he met some apostles andGod sent him to a king in Mosul [in Iraq] and he called him to worship God but he killed him and Godresurrected him and sent him back to him again and he killed him, and God resurrected him and inthe third time he ordered that he shall be sawn and then burned and spreaded his ashes in Tigris and

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then God destroyed the king and all of his kingdom of those who followed him. This is as it wasnarrated by the people of Scripture who believed in Islam, and the truth is that God knows the truth.

Khâlid ben Sinân Al-`Absi

He was in the period of time between the Messiah and Muhammad ben `Abdullah (PUH), and he isKhâlid ben Sinân ben `Atab ben `Abs, and the prophet (PUH) mentioned him and said: he was aprophet that was lost by his people. They say that a fire showed up among the Arabs and they wereamazed for it and it was moving, and they almost turned to magii, and then Khâlid ben Sinân took astick and put it over the fire and said: the beginning of everyone of religion shall be ended to God,and then he said: I shall go inside it and it is burning and I shall go out of it without a harm, and so hedid and extinguished it, and when it was the time of his death, he said to his brothers: if I died andburied, then shall come a group of wild asses and in front of it there will be an ass with a cut off legand it shall knock my grave with its hoof, so when you see this then dig my grave and I shall come outfor you and I shall tell you about the future and what shall happen, and when he died and theyburied him, they saw what he said and when they wanted to dig him out and some of them hatedthat and said: we are afraid that other tribes shall talk about us for digging a grave of a dead man, sothey left him, and his daughter then came to the prophet (PUH) and she heard him saying: Say: He isAllah, the One!(Al-Ikhlâs:1), and she said: my father used to say this, as it is narrated in Muruj Al-Ðahab for Al-Mas'udi. As attributed to Al-Sâdiq (PUH) that he said: while the prophet (PUH) wassitting, there came a woman and so he (PUH) welcomed her and let her sit beside him and then hesaid: the daughter of a prophet that was lost by his people, he is Khâlid ben Sinân who called them toworship God but they didn't believe in him, and there was a fire that was called fire of Al-Hadþânthat used to come and eat some of them and it had a certain time to occur, so Khâlid said to them: ifI turned away its harm, would you all believe in me? They said: yes, and then it came about and hereceived it with his own clothes and he kept it away, and then he followed it until it went inside itscave and he went inside with it and they sat at the step of the cave and they thought he will never goout and he said then: the tribe of `Abs claimed that I shall never go out, and then he said to them:shall you believe in me? and they answered: no! He then said: then I'm going to die in that day of soand so and when I die then bury me and then shall come a group of wild asses lead by a wild ass thatis missing one leg and it shall stop over my grave, and if you saw that then dig my grave and ask meforever you want, and so when he died they buried him and then came the group of the wild assesand they wanted to dig his grave and then some of them said: you didn't believe in him when he wasalive how shall then you believe in him after his death, and if you did so and dag his grave that wouldbe a shame for you so leave him alone, and so they did.

In that period of time there were others that it was said that they are prophets and some said thatthey were faithful believers and one of them was Handhalah ben Safwân and he was a descendant ofIshmael ben Abraham (PUT) and God sent him to the dwellers of Ar-Rass [please check the chapterof Al-Furqân:38] and they were descendants of Ishmael ben Abraham (PUT) and they were made oftwo tribes, one was called Idmân and the other Yâmin and that was in Yemen, and Handhalah didwhat he was commanded with by God and they killed him and then they were invaded byNebuchadnezzar, and they say that these holy phrases were revealed telling their story: And, whenthey felt Our might, behold them fleeing from it! (But it was said unto them): Flee not, but return tothat (existence) which emasculated you and to your dwellings, that ye may be questioned. Theycried: Alas for us! we were wrong-doers. And this their crying ceased not till We made them as

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reaped corn, extinct(Al-Anbiyâ':12-15). Some of them also Habeeb Al-Najjâr, and he used to live inAntakya (Antoioch), and there was in it a tyrant king that used to worship the idols, so two of theMessiah's apostles went to him and they called him back to God and to work with His obedience sohe put them in jail and beat them and then God supported them with a third man as it wasmentioned in Quran in the chapter of Ya Sin, and people differed about the identity of the third oneand lot of them thought that he is Peter who was one of the Messiah's apostles, and some said thathe is Paul, and the other two were Tuma (Thomas) and Peter. Talking about them would be so longand of no use and we've pointed out about their story in God's saying: When We sent unto themtwain, and they denied them both, so We reinforced them with a third(Ya Sin:14), and they had agreat affair with the king for what they showed of miracles and they said that they used to cure theblind and the leper and resurrect the dead by the permission of God, and then Peter and Paul werecrucified and put upside down in a roman city. As for Habeeb Al-Najjâr he was well-known for hissincerity and faithfulness for God and known for his work by the laws of the prophet and their booksand he did many services that God shall thank him for, and in some interpretations and history booksit is mentioned that he was a fighter for God and was trusted by all the believers, and talking abouthim would need special explaining.

In that same period also, there was Waþþâb Al-Sanâ, and he was from the tribe of `Abd-Qays, and hewas a believer in the religion of the Messiah, Jesus the son of Mary, before the appearance of theprophet Muhammad (PUH), and also there was As`ad Abu-Karb Al-Himyary, and he was a believerand believed in the prophet (PUH) before he (the prophet) is sent, and he said about him:

I testify that Ahmad *** is a prophet from Allah the Creator and if my age is expanded to his time*** I shall be a minister for him and a cousin and shall force everyone on *** this earth to obey himfrom Arabs and foreigners and he was the first one to cover the Holy House (Ka`bah).

There was also Qis ben Sâ`idah, and he was the son of Iyâd ben Nizâr ben Mu`ad ben `Adnân (PUH),and he was a wiseman and well-known among the Arabs and he was their physician, and he believedin the resurrection and he was the one that said: who lived died and who died shall come andeverything coming shall be coming, and Arabs mentioned many proverbs telling his wisdom. It ismentioned that a group of people from the tribe of Iyâd came to the prophet (PUH) and he askedthem about him and they said he is dead, so he (PUH) said: may the mercy of God be upon him. It isnarrated by the prophet (PUH): it is like I am looking at him in the market of `Ukkâdh [a famousmarket for Arabs of ancient where poets used to compete] riding a red camel of his and he is saying:O people gather together and listen and understand, who lived died and who died shall come andeverything coming shall be coming, and then, in the skies there are news to be told and in the earththere are sermons to be taken, and stars that are revolving and seas that are boiling and an upliftedroof and a road that was made, and I swear by God truely, that there is a religion for God that isbetter than this one you are believing in, why do I see them going and never coming back? are theysatisfied with their staying and settled down or they were left and slept? many roads and differentdeeds, and then he (the prophet PUH) said a poem:

In the old days *** we have sermons when I saw incomes *** for death that have no resources

and I saw my people to them *** their first and last are going past is not to be back *** and none ofthe old shall remain then I knew that *** I shall be where the others were

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Al-Mas'udi said in Muruj Al-Ðahab: then said the prophet of God (PUH): may God has mercy uponQism how I wish that God resurrect him in a nation. And he (Qis) had many poems and sermons andtidings with the caesar of the romans about medicine and education and many topics of wisdom. Toobtain his conditions and stories that would need a whole new book alone, may God have mercyupon him.

In that period also there was Zayd ben `Amr ben Nufail and he was the cousin of `Umar ben Al-Khattâb [the second caliphate for Sunni muslims] and this Zayd didn't worship the idols and used tomock at them, and then his uncle Al-Khattâb attacked him and used to harm him and he made thesilly people of Mecca hurt him, so then he lived in a cave in Hirâ' and used to get into Mecca bysecret and then he travelled to the lands of Canaan to look after the religion and then a king of theGhassanides [Ghassanides: rulers of the lands of Ghassân who were under the rules of the romansand their main capital was in Damascus] poisoned him in Damascus. Also in the time between theMessiah (PUH) and the prophet (PUH) there was Umayyah ben Abi Al-Silt Al-Þaqafi, and he was apoet and a wiseman and used to trade in the lands of Canaan and he read many books and he wassure that there will be a prophet that shell be sent from the Arabs, and used to say poems describingthe skies and earth and the sun with the moon and the angels and mentioning the prophets and theresurrection and paradise with hell and sanctify God and some of what he said was: Thanks be toGod who has no companions *** who never said it then he wronged himself and he described thepeople of paradise by saying:No gossip and no bad in it *** and whatever they say is there for themand he had many poems describing the doomsday and the judgement and its fears and the fear ofGod and he told about his belief and his faith about God and some of what he said about that:

Doomsday is a great day *** the young shall be old for long time

Wish I was when it happened for me *** that I was on mountains taking care of sheeps

Every living however long it was *** shall then some day of short go away and so on with hisbeautiful describtions that points out how faithful he was and how good he was in fighting his ownsoul and his own devil, and Al-Mas'udi in Muruj Al-Ðahab talked about him for so long, check it out.Some of them was also Waraqah ben Nofal ben Asad ben `Abdul-`Uzzâ ben Qusay and he was thecousin of Khadeejah bent Khuwaylid, the wife of the prophet (PUH) and he read the books and askedfor the wisdom and left away the worshipping of idols and he brought the happy tidings toKhadeejah about the prophet (PUH) and that he shall be the prophet of this nation and he shall behurt and disbelieved in, and he met with the prophet (PUH) and said to him: O son of my brother, befirm with what you are doing, I swear by who has the soul of Waraqah in His hand, you are theprophet of this nation and they shall hurt you and disbelieve you and drive you out and fight againstyou, but if I lived to that day I shall bring victory to God, and he praised the prophet (PUH) and said:he forigves and never answer back for a sin, and keep the anger whenever being cursed or mad at.Some of them also was `Addâs, the servant of `Utbah ben Abi Rubay`ah and he was in Nineveh, andalso Abu Qis Surmah ben Abi Anas from the tribe of Al-Najjâr, and he turned to be a priest and leftthe idols and he built a mosque (temple) that no poluted nor a woman with period would get into,and he said: I worship the God of Abraham, and when the prophet (PUH) went to Medina, he turnedinto Islam and he was a faithful muslim. Some of them also was Abu `Âmir Al-Awsi and he was thefather of Abu-Handhalah, the one washed by the angels, and he turned into a priest before Islam,

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and when the prophet (PUH) came to Medina he had with him a long story as said by Al-Mas'udi, andthen he went out with fifty servants of his and died among the christians in the lands of Canaan.

In that period also there was `Abdullah ben Jahsh Al-Asadi and he was from the tribe of Asad benKhuzaymah, and with him was Um Habeebah the daughter of Abi Sufyân ben Harb before that theprophet (PUH) marries her, and he read many books and was inclined to christianity, and when theprophet (PUH) was sent, he immigrated to Abyssinia with others that immigrated to there with hiswife Habeebah, and then he left Islam and turned into christianity and he died in Abyssinia, andthere is a long story about him. In that period of time also there was Buhayrah the priest, and he wasa believer that followed the religion of the Messiah, Jesus the son of Mary (PUT), and the christiansused to call him Jerjees and he was from the tribe of `Abd Al-Qays, and when the prophet (PUH)went out with his uncle Abi Tâlib to the lands of Canaan in a trade, and he was twelve years old thattime, they passed by Buhyrah while he was in his home and he knew the prophet (PUH) by hisdescribtions and by signs that he had in his book such as the cloud that used to make a shade for himwherever he sits, and when they approached him he got down to them and hosted them and madesome food for them and he looked at the ring of prophecy between his (the prophet's) shoulders sothen he put his hand on him and he believed in him, and then Buhayrah told his companions abouthis story and what shall he be and then asked his uncle Abu Tâlib to get back with him as soon aspossible and to be aware from the people of the Scripture, and when the prophet (PUH) got back toMecca from that trip, he told the people about what happened between him and the priest andabout the signs of his prophecy. That was something of what was there in the time between theMessiah (PUH) and the prophet (PUH) and peace be upon all of the prophets.

In that time period there were lot of people and might be millions of them, but the purpose is tomention in general who was close to God or the prophets and we've mentioned just a few of them topoint out that there were lot of believers and faithful people and to point out that God never leavesearth without goodness and so people won't have something to oppose God with but He has all theclues over all the people. What we've mentioned is some of what we've found and some of what Al-Mas'udi copied and what we missed is even greater and the knowledgement of it is only known byHim, who knows His servants and His lands the best and He knows everything. This is in general thecompleteness of the talk about the conditions of the prophets and the messangers that werementioned in Quran directly or by signs and some of them were not mentioned in Quran but theyhad great effects and the laws assured their existance as being the proves of God for all the peopleand they tell about Him so that people won't have any excuse, and God said: We never punish untilwe have sent a messenger(Al-Isrâ':15), and also said God: and there is not a nation but a warner hathpassed among them(Fâtir:24). And all religions and all thinkers agreed upon this concept without anydoubt. Then the main poles of the prophets and their masters are: Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses,David, Jesus and Muhammad (PUT). Those of Will of them are five and they are: Noah, Abraham,Moses, Jesus and Muhammad (PUT). The total of the prophets are numbered as one hundred andtwenty four thousand, and the messangers of them were three hundred and thirteen messangers,some of them for the public and some of them were for privates. Some narrations mentioned someprophets without identifying them with a describtion or an ancestry or a name or even a surnameand without mentioning their times or their places and we shall mention some of them and thedetails are known to God. Some of them were mentioned by Al-Sayid Al-Jazâ'iri in his book about thetales of the prophets, and of that was something about the prophet of the magii, so we say and Godis the Helper: it is mentioned that the prince of believers (PUH) was over the pulpit and he said: ask

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me before you lose me, and then stood up Al-Ash`aþ ben Qays Al-Kindi and said to him: O prince ofbelievers, how do you take taxes from the magii and they have no scripture (book) [in Islam, onlypeople of the Scriptures who believed in revealed religions like jews and christians used to pay taxesin exchange of protection] and no prophet was sent to them? He answered him: they had O Ash`aþ,and God revealed for them a book and a prophet and they had a king that got drunk one night andhe called his daughter to his bed, and in the morning, his people heard about it and gathered at hisdoor and they said to him: O king, you've poluted our religion and destroyed it so get out for us andlet's apply the law over you, he then said to them: gather together and listen to me and I might havea way out of it, otherwise you shall do what you want, and so they gathered together and he said tothem: did you know that God didn't create someone beloved to Him more than Adam and Eve? Theysaid: you are right O king, then he said to them: didn't he (Adam) make his daughters to marry hissons and vice versa? They said: you are right, this is the religion and they agreed on it, so God thenerased their wisdom from their chest and lifted the book away from them and they are thedisbelievers and shall go into hell without judgement, and the hypocrites are even worse than them.Then said Al-Ash`aþ: by God I never heard an answer like this, and by God I shall never do it again.Also it is in the tidings about the heretic who asked Al-Sâdiq (PUH) about the magii and whether Godsent a prophet for them or not and the Imam said in his answer: no nation remained without awarner, and then he asked: tell me about the magii, were they closer to the rightness or Arabs werecloser? He answered him: Arabs were closer to the rightness, because before Islam, Arabs werecloser to the path of Abraham more than the magii, and the magii disbelieved in all the prophets andneglected their books and the clues in them and never applied something of what was mentioned inthem, and the king of the magii in the early days killed three hundred prophets and the magii neverwash themselves after polution while Arabs used to wash themselves after polution which wassomething from the laws of Abraham, and the magii used not to circumcise their children which wassomething of the laws of the prophets and the first one to do so was Abraham (PUH), and the magiididn't use to wash their dead people while Arabs did all of the previous, and the magii used to droptheir dead people into the deserts while Arabs used to put them in graves, and the magii used tomarry the mothers and the daughters and the sisters while that was prohibited for the Arabs, andthe magii denied the Holy House and called it the house of Satan while Arabs used to havepilgrimage towards it and used to say it is the House of our Lord, and Arabs believed in Torah and theGospel and used to nagotiate with the people of the Scriptures and deal with them and so Arabs inall situations were closer to the rightful religion more than the magii, and they (the magii) said aboutmarrying the sisters and claimed that this was the way at the time of Adam so then what is theirexcuse for marrying the daughters and the mothers and that was prohibited by Adam, Noah, Mosesand Jesus and the rest of the prophets and messangers, and in a narration attributed to the prophet(PUH) that he said that the magii had a prophet but they killed him and they had a book but theyburned it and so on.

Some of the unknown prophets also was what was mentioned by the prince of believers (PUH) bythe way of the prophet (PUH) that he said: a prophet that God sent to some people, remainedamong them for forty years but none did believe in him, and they had a festival and gathered in achurch (temple) for them, so the prophet followed them and said to them: believe in God whocreated you and founded you and who has all of your matters, so they said to him: if you are truely aprophet then pray to God to reveal for us food according to the color of our clothes, and their clotheswere yellow, so he brought a dry piece of wood and he prayed to God to feed them with what they

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asked, and God answered his pray and the wood turned green by the Will of God and bore fruit andthat was the fruit of the apricot, so they ate and whoever was willing to believe in that prophet, hisfruit would turn to be sweet and whoever willed not to believe, the fruit would turn out bitter. Andsome of them were mentioned by Al-Ridhâ (PUH) when he said: God inspired to a prophet that whenhe wakes up in the morning, then he shall eat the first thing he see in his way and the second thinghe shall meet he shall keep as a secret and the third thing he shall meet he should accept, and thefouth thing he shall meet he shouldn't dispair it, and for the fifth thing he should run away from. Hesaid: and when it was the morning time, he saw a great black mountain so he stood and said: Godordered me to eat this, and he remained in his place baffled, and then he said: my Lord wouldn'torder me with something I can't do, so he walked to it and with each step it got smaller and smallerand when he reached it, it was so small, so he took it and ate it and found out that it was the mosttasteful thing he ever ate, and he went in his way and then saw a bowl made of gold and he said:God ordered me to keep it as a secret, so he dag a hole and buried it and went away and when helooked back he saw it again and then he said: I did what my Lord commanded me, and he wentalong. Then he saw a bird that was chased by a hawk and the bird revolved around him and he said:my Lord ordered me to accept him, so he opened his sleeve and the bird went inside, and the hawksaid to him then: you took my prey and I was chasing it for days, and the prophet said then: my Lordordered me not to put this one to dispair, so he slew the bird and cut off its thigh and threw it for thehawk and went away. Then in his way he saw a rotted meat with warms on it and he said: Godordered me to run away from this, and so he did. Then he went to sleep and in his dream he saw likesomeone saying to him: you did what you was ordered with so do you know what was it and what isthe secret? and he answered: no, so he was told: as for the mountain, it is the anger, for if a man wasangry he wouldn't see his level and wouldn't see himself or know it, but when he knows all of thatand his anger is calmed down then the end of his matter would be like the tasteful thing you ate. Asfor the golden bowl, it is the good deed, for if a man tried to hide it and keep it as a secret God shallthen show it to all to make it as an ornament for His servant with the rewards. As for the bird it is theman who comes to you with an advice so accept him and accept his advice, and as for the hawk it isthe man that needs you for something so don't dispair him. As for the rotted meat, it is the slanderso run away from it. It is mentioned also that God inspired to one of the prophets of the Israelites: ifyou like to be with Me in the Holy Fields later on, then you should be in this life alone as a strangerand sad and away from the people like a lonely bird that sleeps alone at night time afraid of all otherbirds and only has joy with God. They say also that a prophet of the Israelites passed by a dead manwho had some of his body under a wall and the other part was outside and it was eaten and tornapart by beasts and dogs, then he went along and got into a city and saw there a great man that wasdead and put over a luxurious bed, so he said: O Lord, I testify that You are just and never wrong, andthat was Your slave and never disbelieved in You and died in that way and this is Your slave that neverbelieved in You and You made him die in that way? Then God answered him: O My servant, it is asyou said, I am just and never wrong, that was My servant and he had a sin so I made him die in thatway so when he meets Me he shall be pure of sins, and this is My slave that had done a good deedbefore so I made him die like this so that he would meet Me and he has no rights to be given fromMe.

As attributed to Al-Ridhâ (PUH): God inspired to a prophet: if I was obeyed I shall be satisfied, and if Iwas satisfied I shall bless and My bless has no end, and if My commands were refused I shall beangry and if I am angry I shall damn, and My damnation would reach the seventh generation. It is

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also narrated that a prophet complained to God about his weakness, so he was told: cook meat withmilk for they help the body, and a prophet complained to God about his weakness, so He orderedhim to eat the mash, and a prophet complained to God about the absence of descendants, so Heordered him to eat eggs with meat, and a prophet complained to God about the harshness of theheart and the absence of tears, so God inspired to him to eat lentils, and so he did and his heartturned soft and his tears were easy to fall, and a prophet complained to God about the sadness so Heordered him to eat grapes, and they say that God never sent a prophet unless accompanied by thesmell of the quince and it is mentioned that perfumes were included in the laws of the prophets.They say also that some people asked their prophet to pray to God to take off the death from themand so God did, and they reproduced and their homes were so narrow for them because of theirlarge numbers and one man would have to feed his father and his grandfather and his mother andhis grand grandfather with his son and his grandson and his grand grandson so they got busy andwere not able to do some work, so they got back to their prophet and asked him to pray to God to letthem back to their normal state and so he did. They say that once a man said to Al-Sâdiq (PUH): Ihate to pray in their mosques (and it might not be the people of Scripture) so then Al-Sâdiq (PUH)said: don't hate so, because no single mosque was built unless it was over a grave of a prophet or aviceroy that was killed and that spot got some of his blood and so God loved to mention His name inthat spot, so pray there and do your duties and whatever you missed (of prayers). It is narrated thatthere are seventy prophets that are buried between Al-Rokn Al-Yamâni [a place in Mecca near byKaaba] and the place of the Black Stone [a stone placed in Kaaba, check the story of Adam]. And asnarrated by [name not mentioned] (PUH): God inspired to a prophet at the time of one of thetyrants: go to this tyrant and say to him: God used you only to cut off the voices of the wronged forthey didn't leave their darkness and they are disbelievers. They also say that God inspired to one ofthe prophets: there is a man named so and so, go and tell him that he has three fulfilled wishes andso he did, and when he told him he told his wife about it and she insisted on him to make one wishfor herself and he accepted that, then she said to him: ask your God then to make me the prettiestwoman in this time and so he prayed and her wish was fulfilled and her news spreaded and all thekings and the rich young people desired her and she then hated her husband and started to hurt himwhile he was trying to take care of her and it went so severe on him so he prayed to God to turn herinto a dog and so she turned to a dog and then her children gathered together and cried and said:people are mocking at us because our mother is in the shape of a dog, and they asked their father tolet their mother be in her original shape and so he did and she turned to her original shape, and sothe three wishes were wasted. This, if you just meditated in what we've mentioned before, youwould find the sermons in it and such thing are not so far away to be issued by people like them (theprophets) may peace be upon them and God is the Bringer of success and the Guider to the straightpath. This is the last thing we would like to mention about the conditions of the prophets that Quranmentioned them and some others except of the master of the prophets and the end of themessangers, the chosen one and the guider and the beloved of God the Lord of the worlds, so praysand peace shall be upon him and upon his Household, and we have the will to write about him byGod's Will even though it may partly and also about his Household the purified and the chosen ones,may peace be upon them and him, and that if and only if God wanted us to do so and from Himcomes the success and upon Him we shall depend.

Finished of preparing it to be printed out in the first of Rabee` Al-Awwal [third month of the islamiccalendar] in the year 1391 Hijri, which coincides with 26/4/1971 A.D.

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