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( Compendlu" 971-93-1R4A1-1-4 CONQUERING ANGLOPIOBIA: SOMI RIEMDIIES Dr. Pradnyu 8. Venlkar Associnto l'rofessor Ms. Aslwinl N. Tondre

Rencarch Sclholar Department of nglisl, VilyalBharntiMnlnvidlyulayu, Aumravatl Enhpyyeukurfennll.com

SBAU, Amravati

swinitolretuailsom ABSTRACT: n this modern era, English has become a unlversal language that wldely npreud and spoken by many people aeross the world, thas been accepted as the oflclal anguage. The world is shrinking fust into a global village and Finglish hus becone the most important language for ndia as for other countrles. It hax emeryd as un important component tn all syplheres of hunan lfe; polltles, pres, adverlising, broadcasting, transyport, Informatlon Communicallon Technology & Sclence, Wüh the sophistication that has developed in Sclence& Technology, It has come to hold preponderant positlon amongst languages in the world. Consequently, the demund of English has been sar-reaching almost in all the fields like poltles, International relations, media, communicatlon, travels and educatlon, Etymologically, Anglophobianeans the hatred or fear of England and anything English. A large majority of students sufer from Anglophobla. There is a great need for finding cure or remedy for the Anglophobla, here in simple words, the sear of nglish Language. This research paper proposes to throw líght upon somefeasible remedies to ucquire a comfortalble level to communicate In English. It deals with the fective methods which can be employed in teaching Engllsh to the students for their enhancement in language profictiencies Keywords: Anglophobla, Communicating through English, Fear of English

Introduction: The advancemcnts in the ficld of scicnce and technology have shown an instant impact on the language. There has been a dramatic enhanccment in the expository material available in the English languagc. Acccss to new knowledgc is possible only through English. The English language has been an important medium of the press for ncarly 400 ycars. Lilcrary rovicws, hobby journal revicws, children story books, scholarly journals ctc., ure publisl1cd primarily in English. Unfortunately it is seen that the students, to a largc cxtcnt and tlhe teachers to some cxtent are not able to communicate comforlably or cfforllessly in the existing scenario. It is said," If a

Janguage makcs you a Hunan being, knowing morc languages makes you Superhuman." "The molive lo learin any language is to communicate cfliciently. Any communication is inpossible if onc doesn'l gel a chance to communicate with the pcoplc. "Though human society has progresscd with remarkable speed, the use of lauuage for communicalion is slill nol frec from ignorance, prejudice and superstition'". It is natural that the demand for communication is high in ftis tye

changing world. Language plays an important role in communicatíon ggdsh is

VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA

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communication skills in English wlhich Is the most imporinl prerequisjte la ezesl n

ane's life, at personal lovel as well ns profosslonml luyel,

Status of Students In Rural and Urbnn Arens

in comparison to the nural, urbnn students get n) opportunity tn lensn througi Vt of

modules. They hnve a wider exposure of lenrning nglish hrouph divenN tVAs,

Specialized training progrnmmes are avallable in the uban schools to imprve ts

students' LSRW skills, wherens the rural students pet imited ezposure to bnprove

their English Ianguage skills, Tho langungo Ininlng provided in rural bns, 3

purely theoreticnl and bookish. English is taught consldering only ezaminatm pant

of view. Hence, even ater lenrning nglish shnce an early nge of eduatim or etry

evel, shudents are hesitant to communiente in Lnglish langunye, To son enten

Same is applicable to urban students also. Many of then are good in Bngdish tes

wben it comes to communiente in English hesitution prevails amumg suaenta, t is

high time to motivate the students, right from their sehool lby creating an awascses

Tegarding the importance of English language. It is necessary that he teachers i)

teach English in rural areas should be trained enough and should hay6 an upe

pproach to prepare the students in Jangunge skills. The available resusces shontd

be completely tapped so as to provide an encouraging atmosphere for learning ard

practicing the language. Today, conventional teaching melhods are being replavA

with moderm techniques which rely hugely upon media resources, feaching Pgish

with the help of such moderm techniques fosters a posilive attitude ammg the rual

students to leam the language wlhich would enable them to meet the demands of thue

day in a creative way.

Problems faced by the rural students:

To begin with, the first and the foremost factor is the Socio-Cultural background and

financial conditions of the family. Most of thhe illiterate or less educated parents are

not able to guide their wards as educated and cosmopolitan parents ean do

Therefore, the students' growths towards educntion require parental supervisíon end

guidance. The illiterate or less educated parenls nre unuware of the ímportance of

education so they do not understand the value of communication skills which plays a

crucial role in their ward's career. The children from rnural areas who atend the

school in their nearby city arens are not much exposed to the same type of facilities

and motivated as the urban children

In cities, the children get motivated through two ways; Instrumental and nteyrative

motivation. Leaming a language only for rewards is instrumental motivation, on the

other hand integrative molivation inclhudes the urge to be part of the community

which is so strong that drives the child to pick up the lanuage with perfection.

Regarding the syllabus, the most imporlant point is in most of the schools Fnglish is

taught as any other subject. One should not forget the fact that it is a language and not any theoretical subject with its own concepts based on theories, The importanwe

of English as a communicative tool is not renlized. So the existing methods follgreo

PRINCPA VIDYA BRATI MAHAYIDYAL AYA

&AD AAT

al söhnns are ai anourh 1o train the stundents to commmdcate ellectivoty Eanglisth. Thore is a dcurturr îrom conm TEmTod. Dne has tn nännt a Jenrner-contred arymmacl. amventional leaching whieh was mastly teaohor

stutants helnnging 1o rural area are not givvn the requirel training to dovolop i N silk at aTarent stnaes of leaming, These shndents sonmehow manngo n n TKATimatinns nt thoir X or XU leels but when they take up prolessio NSa th= Intar gnge, they faoe a lat of tiicnlties. Sinee they are go

nmyh n aommunizntr m English, they miss many opportunities. Their

gztotin ioas ant aliow them to move on comsoutably in their proiess" El tiaiy thry nil 1o Tulfil their aspirations, As there is an inerease n tne Tui stuients groiarring far nofessional cmurses, the above facis sou cINernd and thorr stndanzs should be trained to meet the need of the honr.

mlinges T artirg Engish L.anguage in the rural arense Naed as anmnetent tenchars: Un tne miems of anching languago in rural areas is the unavailability of

gCTt tachors. Nast n+ the shools employ teachers for teaching tinglish Syeci and tm ao withaut training. Therefore there is a need of regular B, E«i., D, Liad

gS WhTe ashar araining courses ard offerod, proper raiunng souu De red s tint iheT womld he able to tench English in more methodical or

SaT wET the smdants in rural arras. There are some institutians which DN inn n the English teaches, but still, a serious attitude towands

OEsanärd of Engish couddn'i set în. Nnd n sair nching tids and materials: Taacning a mgnge aquiras gond teaching material, work books, hand books for

DOs auiin-visual maiaril hke charts, pielures, radio, coniputers &TN. Uniueh, achas nd students are not benesited with these nmaterials and iore Eshing ns henome manotanous and tedious activity due to lack of Suiiiet waching iäs and mnterial for learning language. N is an irvmy of the sin ai may we ive in an Insormation Conmunieation Tocdhnology (1CT) worid bt the CT 2oais hrve notyet been devised and used so eltectively as eRNered Even thnngh the goVarnmant has been initiating to provida digitalised hassTIS &tenching is, îhe internet connoctivty and regular power supily TTATS hr ieatne use af dhosr tochnalagies.

Ned níexp1sre tn he lnnguage: This s ye amther protlon aaced in teaching and leaming English languago nll over, Tish kangunge is getting taught with tanslation method. Only oonvent shudents e ileped af haring snch envaronment nd geting vmancd over inglih Faae md heing rEsentnhle. The leamers get litule or no exposure to the languneo wSite the ciiussroan. Sa, ihere is httk scope for the learners to lenn he lanuuaue vmd a certain limi. As a consoquences, the entire bunden of teaching the language ET fhe tmasher. Only CBSE, JCSE Soani students ard scen to b» benelitod ot

PRINCIPAL VIDYA BRARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA

AMRAVATI

inovations he developed und npureciated as dhey henefit beth teachers kno As Albest liir:teln once sald, "I never tcach my pupile, I pro e randucive 9ch tliey Can learn". Bo let us nake sincere sltenpts to evolve r erEkle COmaos i lhe leaners in ilch # anner that they il Isve Angloplobia iun life.

nts.

Refereuees: . Webstrr': lew Warld Callege ietlonary, I[l kdlton Capyrlzi 21014 9

ouglhton 11flin laremrt hulhlisuiny Camppny rishna Mulun Meeru Haner, Jevetoping Communteattan Shlls, Muctaan Indin 1imitd, 1990.

.V, , Guk ak, Hnglish n fudlu: r Prexent and f'uture, Asla Publi:ing, Tiouse,

964 4. V,V. Yardi, Teuchlng lglish bn ndu Toduy, Suket Publlealion, Pune, eV3eu

Ed. 2012. 5. The nivernliy Cirants Commisston Commitee leport of Erperts (1960). 6. Fducatlo ammisian keprrt (1964-64) 7. New Fdhur ution Poley (1980).

PRINCIPAL

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ae se ad aiiualiniautiany IS T jaT: eLing Sudents liiereie but add rationale

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212

PRINCIPAL VIDYA BHARATI FAHAVIDYA! MA F.iRUT!.


2013-201x0

National Conference on

Interdisciplinary National Conference on Role Of Physical Education and Other Disciplines in

Enhancing the Performance of a Player& Fitness for Young and New India

24th Dec. 2018

Organized By,

S2 PEFL UTOTT

1QAC Bar. R. D. I. K. & N. K. D. College,

Badnera Amravati Collaboration with

Art & Science College, Kurha

And

Physical Education Foundation of India

PRINCIPAL VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA

AMRAVATI.

Interdisciplinary National Conference on Role Of Physical Education and Other Disciplines in Enhancing the Performance ofa Player & Fitness for Yaung and New India

24th

Dec.

Comparative Study of Selected Physical Fituess and Motor Fitness Variables Amongst

22. Satish Modani 61 To 63

23. Dr. Dnyaneshwari S. Wankhade Safety And First Aid In Sports lnjury 64 To 65

Does Drug Abuse in Sports have Psyehological 24. Prof. Dilip More

Effects on Athletes? 66 To 68

5. Dr. Anil Gour Sports Physiology 69 To 70

Dr. Basavaraj M. Wali Eco-Running For Fitness 26. 71 To 74

Dr. Sanjay M. Madavi Management of Sports Event 27. 75 To 79

RDr.Akash Vijayrao More Funetion of Sports Management 28. 80 To 82

Dr. Gajendra B. Raghuwanshi Sport Management 29. 83 To 85

Prof. Dr. Nilima Mahore The role of Nutrition and Dietetics 86 To 90 30.

Effective Evaluation In Physical Education

And Sports Role Of Physical Education ln Managing Healthy And Balaneed Lifestyle Of College

Student Health Fitness & Nutrition

Dr. Ganesh Shivajirao Solunke 31. 91 To 92

32. Dr.Pravin M. Deshmukh 93 To 94

Prof. Dr. Megha S. Deshmukh 33. 95 To 96

Dr. Pramod N. Humbad Mental Health Between Non-Yogic 34. 97 To 98 Practitioners&Yogic Practitioners

Importance & Beneits of Yogic Practices in

Modern Lifestyle Sports Training and its Importance

Dr. Suhas Raghunath Tiwalkar 35. 99 To 101

Dr. Shaikh aslam zhabbu 36. 102 To 103

Correlational study betwecn the selected

psychological variables and playing ability of 104 o 107

inter zonal university football players Comparative Study Of

Parameters Of Yogic And Runners

Kausik Chakraborty

37.

Physiologieal Dr. Shrikant S. Mahulkar 38. 108 To l10

|Comparative Study Coordination of Female Athletes The Role of Physiologieal Asspeet

Role Of Advanee Technology With Project To

Enhance Sports Perfornmance

Balanee and Ms. Kavita N. Watane 39. 111 To113

114 To 116 40. Dr. Áruna S. Thool(Deogade)

Dr. U. N. Manjre 117 To 119 41.

Dr. Shridhar R. Dhakulkar 42.

Effect Of Regular Yoga Practice On Body

Composition Among Female College Students 120 To 123

Nuirition And Dietetics 124 To 125 43. Dr. R. M. Kshirsagar

A Study of Competitive Sport Anxiety In

44. Distriet Level Volleyball Players 126 To 128 Mr. Mubashir Nisar

Sport and Development 129 To 132 45.| Prof. Dr.Kalyan D.Maldhure

Effect Of Surya Namaskar On Weight Loss In

Obese Persons Effect Of Core Training On The Physical

Fitness And Muscular Strength Of Teenagers Role of Yoga in enhancing the Fitness for

Dr.Santoshi Saulkar 133 To 1355 46.

Afsana K. Sheikh 136 To 137 47.

Dr. Sanjay Choudary Dr. Amrita Pande

18. 8 To 141 Young India

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AMRAWATI.

Aayushi International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (ISSN 2349-638x) Impact Factor 4.574 Mob.8999250451Peer Reviewed Journalwww.aiirjournal.com

24 Dec. Faterdiscipiinary National Conference on Role 0f Physical Education and Other Disciplines in Enhancing the

Performance ofa Player& Fitness for Young and New India 2018

Safety And First Aid In Sports Injury

Dr. Dnyaneshwari S. Wankhade Director of Physical Education Dept.

V.B.M.V, Amravati

Abstract Spors are ratural, physical process wkich inciudes running. jumping, throving, climbing. dozing

kpping etc Hhule performing these activities there is a possibility of irjuries aniime and anyw here, ary skill

spors y done by ToNZ method. injuries can happen. The reason behind all injuries depends upon circumaances ard wrong wes of sports equipment are directly or indirectBy responsible for it. In any condition

ee must 1in, such ype of Jeelings may one f the reasons of injuries of sports. Sports help us to develop

physical, mental, and intellectual healih We musi know how to balance these three factors. Then only iwe can

achiere sucess in sporis & education fwe cannot keep proper balance in the above faciors, then we have to

faca injuries We cannot avoid sporis injurias totally bud ve can minimize sports injuries by considering ana piaying spors as fun and recreation Gererally while living normai life injuries can take place but in sporis

aea the poizibilit,of injries are more

Introduction Everyday, millions of people in the worid participate in games and sports activities, ifom

CCeT tie.ds to softbail diamonds and kabbadi courts. It's called playing, but sports activities are more

thar play. Participation in sports improves physical fitness, coordination, and self-discipline, and s cldrenindividuais valuable opportunities to lean teamwork. Games and sports can also resuit

in inrjuries-sote minor, scme serious, and still others resulting in lifelong medical problem5. YOung athletes/sports persons t2king part in games/sports/physical activities are in majority

and they are rot merely smali adults. Trheir bones, muscles, tendons and iigaments are still growing which makes them more susceptible to injury. Growth plates- the areas of developing cartilage where one gorh occurs in youngsters- are weaker than the nearby ligaments and tendons. What is often a

eruise cr sprain in an adalt can be a potentially serious growth plate injury in a young ethlete/ sports

Firss aid is the provision of initial case for an illness or injury. It is usualy performed by non- ergen. but trained personnel to a sick or injured until definitive medical treatment can be accessed. Cerrein self-limiting illnesses or minor ij uries may tot require further medical care past the first aid interventicn. it generally consists of a series of simple and in some cases, potentially life saving technicues tha an individuai can be traíned to períorm with minimal equipment you may vitally need, sometimes the resaits of self-injury carn be safely treated at kome Meaning of First Aid:-

The terms First Aid was adopted officially in England for the first time in 1879 by the St. John Ambulance Association.-First aid is a combination of simple but quite effective and active maurs to preveri possible compiicaions. First Aid means the treatment given to the casually till oper medical aid comes. in other words, the first aid is the process of caTying out the essential mergency treatrnent of an injury/illness in order to benefit the casually till the proper medical errices are rendered. Firs aid is the immedizte and temporary care given to the victim of an accident cr sudden ilness. Purpose of Firs: Aid till the medical aid is given by the competent and qualified dica personnel.

Commoa Sports InjuriesScme of the common spors injuries are sprain, strain, dislocation, abrasion, and contusion.

First Aid For Common Sports Injuries pproach to Doctor: Listen to your body. Several signs wili indicate to you when you should

es yor doctor. You must approach your docor in case of the following: ) iipain evere or persists

2, nabilty to move the in/ ured part of your body C The ingury does not appear to be healing Immediate Care of Injuries The immediate care of omon spors injuries (sprain, strain, dislocaiion, abrasion, and contusion, etc) consists of a four

sta prograr that sh0uld followed as soon s an injuy oCcurs, whether or not you go to a physician. fou pat program is cailed RICE and stand for REST, ICE, COMPRESSION, AND I.EVATIO.

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Interdisciplinary National Conference on Role 0f Physlcal Educatlon and Other Disclplines in Enhancing the Performance of a Player & Fitmess for Young and New India

24th Dec. 2018

A) Rest As soon as an injury occurs. It is important to stop the activity immediatcly. Prolonged delay

in stoping the activity could cause further damage to the injured part. When a body part has become injured, the body reacts with an inflammatory process, which causes swelling, redness, local increase of heat in the area, pain and malfunction. The degree of each of these depends upon the severity of the

injury. B) Ice

Put ice in the injured part as soon as possible after the injury. Ice or cold, specifically, controls swelling by constricting the blood and lymph vessels, decreases muscle spasm and decreases sone of the discomfort and pain caused by the inflammation. By veducing the swelling that collects around the injured area, the rehabilitation time will be lessened and you will be able to return to your

sport more quickly. The ice should be applied for 20-30 minutes. It could be in the form of an ice bag, chemical packs, frozen vegetables, can of soda, snow, ete. It should be applied every hour for the next several hours.

C) CompressionCompression also helps to limit swelling in the injured area. The compression should be

applied concurrently with the cold treatment. After the ice treatment, a dry elastic wrap or tape should be applied comfortably firm not too tight to cut off circulation, or too loose to allow further swelling If lack of sensation or numbness is felt, the wrap is probably too tight. The use of sponge pads around bony prominences will insure even pressure around the injured part. The wrap should be loOsened

while going to bed, but worn continuously until the swelling has subsided (about 48-72 hours).

D) Elevation The fourth part of the treatment is to elevate the injured part while being compressed. n

elevating support should be placed under the entire limb. The height should be above the level of the

HEART to help drain the excess fluid from the injured area. While sleeping, the compression wrap should be loosened and the foot of the bed or mattress raised by some suitable object or the head of

the bed or matress raised for the upper extremity injuries. RICE should be continued for at least 48 72 hours. Under no circumstances during this time should any form of heat be applied, including excesive time in hot showers or baths. That would just increase the swelling and inflammation. When you are sure that the swelling has stopped. Give yourself an extra day of RICE. During the acute stage of the injury, no other activity should be performed. Your body has been injured and will need all the help it can to heal the injury. This means optimal healing conditions- proper nutrition, your normal amount of sleep, and a positive attitude. The same amount of effort you placed in your sports/athletic endeavors should be placed in your rehabilitation program.

ConclusionAs we discussed above, we cannot avoid sports injuries totally but we can minimize sports

injuries by considering the four part program -RICE. And some immediate cares.

Reference www.wikipedia.com Anikit Chovhan, First Aid Treatment of some common problems nd diseases.

Ajmer Singh et.al., Essentials Of Physical Education, (New Delhi: Kalyani Publishers, Third

Edition.2008). Mane H. A. (2006) "Education Physical Education Research," Vijay Publication. Verma, J. Hemant; and Lathi, R. Kanchan (2010). Injury Occurrence to Elite Level Women Volleyball Players. International Research Journal, Vol.I pp 85-88.

1 2.

3.

4.

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E Guest Editor: Dr.F. C. Raghuwanshi

S Principal, Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalya, Amravati E & Dean, Faculty of Science & Technology, A Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati

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F Dr. R.V.Joat, Associate Professor,

E Dept. of Physics, Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati.

Dr. G. T. Lamdhade, Associate Professor, L Dept. of Physics, Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati.

L Dr.K. B. Raulkar, Associate Professor, Dept. of Physics, Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati.

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Physics

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Principal, Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalya, Amravati

& Dean, Faculty of Science & Technology,

Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati

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Dr. T.S. Wasnik, Head & Associate Professor,

Dept. of Physics, Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati.

Dr. R. V. Waghmare, Associate Professor,


Dr. R. V. Joat, Associate Professor,


Dr. G. T. Lamdhade, Associate Professor,


Dr. K. B. Raulkar, Associate Professor,


Dr. A. S. Wadatkar, Associate Professor,


Chief Editor: Dr. Dhanraj Dhnagar (Yeola)

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Two Days National Seminar ndian Courcd of

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"LIBRARY AUTOMATION USING SOUL SOFTWARE"

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EDITOR IN CHIEF * DR. M. RAGHIB DESHMUKH PRINCIPAL


AMRAVATLGUEST EDITOR

DR. ASHOK S. SONONE

PROF. R. G. BAHETI

DR.S. R. BAHETI

SHRI. M. K. SONONE

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S. A. College, Akola 24 &25 February 2019 National Semlnar Souvenlr S

82

LIBRARY AUTOMATION: AN OVERVIEW

DR. VISHAL SHEKHAWAT

Librarian

Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya Camp, Amravati

Email: shekhawatamt @gmail.com

ABSTRACT: Academic Libraries have accepted this challenge and started automation process, in spite of all

necessity of their end. This paper describes the various useful services given by library automation.

User can access catalogue on internet thorough the OPAC. This paper discusses the automation

process and advantage of automation in library. At the same time it also focuses on disadvantages of

using library management software.

Keywords: ICT, Academic Library, Computerization

Introduction: Computer is a device used by many people all over the world for different purposes. Its use is

increasing in our daily life. It is used in laboratories, hospitals, schools, colleges, houses, offices,

industries. Computer use is multifunctional. Computer helps us to get things done at a faster rate with

accurate result. Accuracy depends on the quality of software because computer receives the data

processes and provides information as required by the users.

Computer has more increase its importance in every work of human action, better use of its,

haste, reliable, Storage, accomplished, automation and dedication. The main aim of Library is to

provide access to proper information explosion, due to growing demands of the user and reduce of

financial resources, library cannot able to maintain all the reading materials on demand of users, the

only way to overcome from these problem is sharing resources through consortia, and Internet. Library

automation reduces the responsibility of repeated manual efforts in library routine by use of library

automation like collection, storage, keeping, processing, protection and communication.

Library Automation:

Couple of year libraries used catalogue card, accession register, periodical register typewriters,

and manually assigned due dates. Library automation is modern method for library protector to

effective use of library resources, now more logical because of computers and software. In Library

automation process cover the house keeping functions like circulation, cataloguing Acquisition, serial

controls OPAC etc. For the automation of library electronic machines are used the application of

machines to perform the different routines work, it means information and communication

technologies (ICT) is used to replace manual systems in the library.

General Characteristics of an automated system:

The operations and process are carried out automatically

Reduce the human action and save the labour

information Explosion Information in Machine readable form

. PRAeHPAL

1"nva RHARATI MAHAVIDYALWA

.' I.

Routine Jobs Increase in users

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S. A. College, Akola 24 & 25 February 2019

National Semínar Souvenír

To improve the control over collection To avoid Duplication

Speed and reliable

To share the resource through consortia nationally and international

History of Library Automation:

Library automation began in the year 1930''s when punched card equipment was implemented

in library for circulation and acquisition. Harley E Tillet began experiments for storage and searching

of a co-coordinating index. Using an BM 70, Soon after this machine arrived in September 1953. In

1954 presented his report in BM Computational Seminar at Endicott, New York. This paper is the first

report on library-related computerization (Tillit, Harley E). The beginning of Library Automation:

1930- 1960

Library automation is officially underway: 1966 - 1980

Library automation present in:

The term library automation package" is generally used to refer software packages designed to

automate library housekeeping functions such as Acquisition, Serial control, Circulation control,

OPAC and Web OPAC (On Line Open Access Cataloging) etc.

Acceptance of Library Automation software packages: End user Friendly

marketability of package

easy to handle for library professional with Minimum training

Multi-user and ultimate user access

Support to web OPAC

Library will have to perform minimum number of basic operations. There operations are

conventionally referred to as "Library Automation".

1980

Acquisition Circulation

Cataloging Serial ControlOPAC

Advantages of Library Automation:

Library automation has the following advantages:

Speed: Information processing is done much quick which ensures better work flow through the

library Reliable: The degree of rightness and accuracy in processing informatton is high. However, it is

dependent on the reliable information led into the system.

Cost Effectiveness: Operating costs can be reduced if the system is well designed and well

managed. Curtail in library work: Library workloads can be curtail as the computer can do vast amount of

work and processing.

Improved services to users: Gross rate and better quality in performance is possible through the use

of computers. Library avoids duplication of work and easy to access external and internal database

providing online access ånd users have easy to search information as well as excellent control over

circulation.

Disadvantages of Library Automation:

Cost PRINCIPAL

Security depends on third party


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SPECIAL ISSUK | Fob, 2019 | 18SN 2394-7632 | ICINSN 2394-7040 (IMPACT FACTOR- 5.98) SCHOLARS IMPACT An Internatlonal Multdiaotpltnary Mullingual Rejereed Jourmal S, A. College, Akolu 24h & 25h Vebruary 2019

Natonal 8emlnar Souvenlr

Maintenance of Automation software is totally depend on Computer administrator Continuous staff training are required for it It is totally depend on Electricity Untrained users

Requirement of Facility: More number of computers should require in the library.

Good qualily of internet to use web base services like Web-OPAC or use other search engincs. Standby power supply facility should be there Skilled staff should require explaining automation procedure.

Library should also digitize their material for online access to information.

Library orientation required at a specific interval to know the usage of the facility Software for Library Automation:

AUTOLIB CALIBAN LIBASOFT LIBRARIAN SOUL

LIBSYS TLMS

NIRMA SLIBMAN

KOHA NEW GENLIB EVERGREEN E PRINTS GREENSTONE D SPACE

EGARANTHALAY Conclusion:

Library automation is the activity which needs right planning, timely execute and frequent evaluation. The librarian should to set the priorities after analyzing the current status and future requirements. Correct Selection of the suitable library management software according to the needs of the users. Acquisition, Circulation, Cataloguing, Serial Control OPAC, etc. should be conducted with care. Staff training and user education are keys to the success of the process. For the successful implementation of required library management system all key factors must be in place support from administration, stafi, skill, consideration of user requirements, presence of infrastructure, (Hardware, software, networks) available data, excellent ICT skill. REF:

1OSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 17, Issue 5 (Nov. - Dec.

2013), PP 20-26 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. Library Automation, Anmol Publication New Delhi, ISBN81-261-2634-5 316p.


AMRAVATI.

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(Tntroduetlon)

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(Meaning & Definition of Social

(Why we Study Primitive Sociely

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ICV 2015 63.71 SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE OXIDE-FE(1) COMPLEX:- A NEW MATERIAL FOR CATALYSIS dol Authors:Chaitali C. Bidkara, Sanjay R. Thakarea,R. G. Atrama, KG. Rewatkarb Crosse Indexed By NOVEL NANOSTRUCTURE ELECTROLYTIC MATERIALS Ba1-X SrXCe0.4Zr0 603-6 FOR FUEL CELL APPLICATION

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PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF INDIGO CARMINE DYE ON COMBUSTION SYNTHESIZED MGZROB CATALYST UNDER SOLAR LIGHT IRRADIATION Authors:C.R.Hatwar, P.S.Deshpande, S.Dafare, LR.Hatwar, CB.Talwatkar,R.S.Bhavsar

A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF SPILANTHES ACMELLA MURR

Authors:Chandore Hemant D., Jadhav Dnyanoba. !

8 RAPD APPROACH FOR VARIETAL IDENTIFICATION AMONG SESAME GENOTYPEAuthors:Tiwari Sarita, Burade Nishant, Harode Vijoy, Moghe Sandhya MOSSBAUER, XRD AND THERMALLY INDUCED STRUCTURAL STUDIES ON POLYANILINE NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIAL CONTAINING DIFFERENTCONCENTRATION OF MAGNETITE NANOPARTICLEAuthors:A.K. Barve, S.M. Gadegone, M. R. Lanjewar, R.B. Lanjewar EXPLORING THE COMPLEX DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF ONE POT CHEMICALLY ENGINEERED CONDUCTING POLYINDOLE

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Authors:N. S. Wadatkar, S.A. Waghuley AN OVERVIEW ON STRUCTURAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF CERTAIN

11 SUBSTITUTIONS IN COBALT FERRITE Authors:A. M. Shahare, M. S. Bisen, A. V. Bagde, D. S. Choudhary PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROWAVE ASSISTED AND 12 CHEMICALLY IMPREGNATED BIOADSORBENT MATERIAL FROM AZADIRACHTAINDICA BARK

Authors:Nandkishor G. Telkapalliwara, Vidyadhar M. Shivankar CHARACTERISTIC STUDY OF HEAVY METAL ION BY USING THIN LAYER

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CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH HUMIC ACID ANDL-METHIONINE AS A MOBILE PHASE Authors:Meghna H. Jumde, W. B. Gurnule

STUDY OF THERMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS OF AMINO ACIDS AT 287K & 292K BY 4

VISCOSITY MEASUREMENT

Authors:Chakar Patila, R.R.Tayadea

SYNTHESIS, SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL 15 SCREENING OF SOME NEWLY SYNTHESIZED PROPANE-1,3-DIONE (B-DIKETONES) DERIVATIVES Authors:Rajendra M.Pathade, Pravin S.Bodkhe

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF 5-SUBSTITUTED NAPHTHALENE-1,3,4-16

THIADIAZOLE-2-BENZAMIDE WITH THEIR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES Authors:S.A. Athawale, S. E. Bhandarkar

PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION OF COCONUT SHELLS ACTIVATED CARBON USING FeCI3 AS ACTIVATING AGENT AND REMOVAL OF TRANSITION METAL 1ONS Authors:V. A. Shirbhate, D. P. Gulwade 18

troindia inlinurnallicesr/Vol6 Iss1(nart3) html

PRINCIPAL 1/11 VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYAL

AMRAVATI.

AL CHNTCA

NO STNY9HD

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF MOISTURIZING SKIN SERUM WITH HYALURONIC ACID BY USING NANO TECHNOLOGY

Ms Yogita V. Dhote, Dr.S.D.Pande M.Tech (Cosmetics),MBA,Department of cosmetics,Vidyabharati mahavidyalaya,camp road,Amravati,444602,India M.Pharm,Ph.D,Departmentof Pharmaceutics, Vidya bharati college of pharmacy,camproad, Amravati,444602,India.

ABSTRACT Surrounded by a polymeric shell. NanoparticlesNanotechnology Is widely used in skin care are formed by single layered shell and are filled products,this technique is specially designed with oil which tends themselves ideally as for target drug delivery.Nanoparticulate carriers for lipophilic agents [2]. Nanoparticles delivery system is more reliable and effective. in cosmetic preparations are found to improve Basically, nanoparticles are colloidal drug stability of various cosmetic ingredients such as delivery system. Nanotechnology can be used unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins or antioxidants in the product like lipstick, soap, antiwrinkle by encapsulating them, increase the efficacy cream, perfume, toothpaste etc. serum are and tolerance of UV filters on skin surface, light weight moisturisers that penetrate make the product more aesthetically pleasing deeper to deliver active ingredients into your and enhance the penetration of certain active skin. This study

characterizationmethods, ingredients to the epidermis [3].presents

of hyaluronic acid I.I Nanoparticles under the skin in cosmetics The important route is through dermal and its evaluation at different exposure. The dermis has a rich supply of blood

and tissue macrophages, ymph vessels, Keywords:Nanotechnology Hyaluronic, Acid, dendritic cells, and five different types of

nanoparticles, further formulation of skin serum

parameters.

Skin Serum, Stability Testing endings. activity

translocation of manmade 20 and 30 nm solid

sensory nerve An increased inflammatory and epithelial 1.Introduction

particles was observed already 20 years ago. Nanotechnology is fastest growing area for the maintenance of skin health as well as for the Broken skin represents a readily available entry diagnosis and management of cutaneous even for larger (0.5-7 micro meter) particles, as disease. It enriches the study of particles smaller evidenced by reports about accumulation of than 100 nm in size. The prefix "nano" from large amounts of soil particles in inguinal nanotechnology it is a Greek word, in which

"nano means small or little [1]. Nanoparticle is type of colloidal drug delivery sy particle size ranges from 10-1000 nm in diameter. The sub particles are prepared from a variety of material and synthetic polymers that

include gelatine, poly methacarylate some nanoparticles and then favour uptake into biopolymers etc. Drugs can be dissolved, lymphatic system and regional lymph nodes [4]. entrapped, or encapsulated into the nanoparticl es, on simply absorbed on their surface. Nano ADVANTAGES sphere consists of a dense polymeric matrix in which the drug can be dispersed, whereas, 2. Long term stability

Nanocapsules are constituted of a liquid core

lymph nodes from people who runs or walks bare feet. However report shows that broken

for uptake nanoparticles. Tinkle et al hypothesized that skin when flexed- as in wrist movements- can

tem where the skin is not necessary of

make the epidermis more permeable to

1. Large scale production is possible.PRINCIPAL

VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALA:AVATI.

ISSN (PRINT): 2393-8374, (ONLINE): 2394-0697, VOLUME-6, ISSUE-1, 2019 360

RESEA

INTERNATIONALJOURNAL OF CURRENT ENGINEERING AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH (IJCESR)

3. Controlled and sustained release of active 2. EXPERIMENTAL drug can be achieved.

4. Organic solvents can be avoided. 5. It can be lyophilized.6. It can be freeze dried to form powder

formulation.

2.1 Method Of Preparation High pressure homogenization. 2.1.1.1

2.1.1

Hot homogenization. 2.1.1.2 Cold homogenization.

2.1.2 Micro emulsion technique. 7. By autoclaving and

sterilization is possible. 8. It improves skin protection with organic 2.1.4 Double emulsion method.

compound.

gamma radiation 2.1.3 Ultra sonication or high speed homogenization.

2.1.5 Spray drying method.

DISADVANTAGES 1. Poor drug loading capacity. 2. High water content dispersion. 3. The low capacity to load hydrophilic drugs.

2.1.1 High pressure homogenization: In high pressure homogenization liquid is pushed at high pressure 100-2000 bar through a narrow gap. The fluid accelerates at very high velocity (1000 km/h). In this typical lipid contents in the range of 5-10% which represents no problem to the homogenizer. Higher lipid concentrations

up to 40% have been also homogenized to lipid

nano dispersions. It is widely used than any other method, because it is advantageous than other method. Following are some of the

advantages of this method are that it is easy described below and further synthesizing its scale up and powerful techniques, short

OBJECTIVE: The aim of my work was to prepare and investigate hyaluronic acid in skin serum by using nanotechnology.

In the first part of the investigation, nanoparticles were prepared with a method

size. production times and more feasible [1]. 2.1.2 Hot Homogenization: This method similar to homogenization of an emulsion, The main steps are as follows:

Reactions under the same conditions and because this is also carried out at temperature with concentration of Hyaluronic acid, above the melting point of lipid. In the hot Oxalic acid, sodium monostearate, 1-(3- homogenization method the drug is dissolved or

dimethylaminoproyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride. The standard solutions were mixture of liquid lipid (oil) and melted solid prepared with appropriate concentrations, lipid for nano structured lipid carrier. This lipid

was adjusted, the preparation of melt containing drug is then mixed by high

dispersed in melted solid lipid for SLN or in a

pH hyaluronic acid, oxalic acid, monostearate, 1-(3- dimethylaminoproyl)-3- ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride solutions melting point of the solid lipid or lipid blend). respectively, the mixing and stirring time This pre-emulsion is then passed through a high the temperatures applied, maintain storage pressure. Homogenizer adjusted to the same conditions.

sodium speed stiring in a solution of the hot surfactant at same temperature (5- 10 °C) above the

temperature, generally applying three cycles at Confirmation of nanoparticles by LM 20 S00 bar or two cycles at 800 bars. This

nanosight. technique can be used for lipophilic and insoluble drugs as well as for the heat sensitive

In the second part of the investigation, the drugs because the exposure time to high formulation and evaluation of skin serum was temperature is comparativelystudies as follows:

The technique is not suitable for inclusion of

Formula was set for the formulation of skin hydrophilic drugs into solid lipid nanoparticle because of larger portion of drugs is in water

.Physical appearance and Stability testing of during homogenization which leads to low

short.

serum.

the batches entrapment capacity [5]. was studied with different concentrations of active. Serum was checked at different 2.1.1 Cold homogenization: This technique is

developed to overcome the problems which are associated with hot homogenization likdp

PRINCIPAL ISSN (PRINT): 2393-8374, (ONLINE): 2394-0697, VOLUME-6, 1SSVDYA DOARATI MAHAVIDYAI

parameters and also microbial growth studies were done.

361 AMRAVATI.

INTERNATIONALJOURNAL OF CURRENT ENGINEERING AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH (1JCESR)

temperature induced drug degradation and drug instability such as particle growth upon storage distribution into the aqueous phase during and also metal contamination due to ultra homogenization [1]. In the cold homogenization sonication [5]. method, the lipid micro particles are obtained

by melting and subsequent cooling of drug 2.1.4 Double emulsion method: It is a novel containing lipid melt followed by erushing, method grounding and diffusing in cold surfactant to nanoparticles loaded hydrophilic drug moiety obtain a cold pre-suspension of micronized lipid and is based particles. This suspension is then forced to pass evaporation by drug encapsulation in the outer through a high pressure homogenizer at room

temperature applying typically 5-10 cycles at with a stabilizer to avoid partitioning of the 1500 bar. This method is the first choice for drug to outer water phase during solvent hydrophilic drugs with good as well as low evaporation [S]. For the preparation of solubility (surfactants are added to improve hydrophilic loaded SLNs, a novel mcthod based solubility). This technique avoids and shortens on solvent Emulsification-evaporation has becn melting process of lipid and hence it is used. In double emulsion technique hydrophilic appropriate for thermo sensitive and thermo drugs was dissolved in aqueous solution, and labile drugs [5).

of preparation of solid lipid

on solvent emulsification

water phase of w/o/w double emulsion along

then was emulsified in melted lipid. In this method the drug is encapsulated with a

2.1.2 Micro emulsion technique This method stabilizer to prevent drug partitioning to is based on the dilution of micro emulsions. As external water phase during solvent evaporation micro-emulsions two-phase systems in the external water phase of w/o/w double are

composed of an inner and outer phase. Micro emulsion. Stabilized primary emulsion was emulsions are clear, thermodynamically stable dispersed in aqueous phase which contains system composed of a lipophilic phase, water, hydrophilic emulsifier after that the double surfactant and co-surfactant. Micro emulsions emulsion was stirred and was isolated by are produced at a temperature above the filtration []. melting point of the lipids, so the lipid should have melting point above room temperature 2.I.5 Spray drying method: It is an alternative [1]. Solid lipid nanoparticles can also be procedure to lyophilisation in order to transform prepared by micro emulsification of inner an aqueous SLN dispersion into a drug product. molten lipids phase (oil) which is preloaded This method is cheaper than lyophilisation. Thiswith drug (at 65-70 °C), followed by dispersion method cause particle aggregation due to high in cold aqueous phase with mechanical stirring temperature, shear forces and partial melting of (at 2-3 °C). The dispersion is washed two times the particle. In this method short drying time with distilled water by ultra filtration. After and consequently fast stabilization of feed washing, the suspension is fireeze dried. The material at moderate temperatures make spray diameter of the disperse phase droplet should be always below 100nm. There is no need of nanoparticles of drugs that are thermo labile. energy for this preparation [5].

drying method suitable for producin The 20% trehalose in ethanol-water mixtures (10/90 v/v). Due to high temperature and shear force it may cause aggregation of particle [1).

2.1.3 Ultra sonication or High speed homogenization: Solid lipid nanoparticles were also developed by high speed stirring or sonication. The most advantage of this method is that, the Equipments that are used here arc

very common in every lab []. Solid lipid in 1934, by Karl Meyer and his assistant, John nanoparticles can sonication or high speed stirring. This is very general and simple technique and can be beneficial over other methods like hot and cold

Materials and Method

Hyaluronic acid Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a high molecular weight biopolysacharide, discovered

Palmer in the vitreous of bovinc eyes Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring biopolymer, which has important biological functions in bacteria and higher animals including humans. It is found in most connective

also be prepared by

homogenization but distribution of larger particle size ranging between micrometer range leading to physical

with drawback of

tissues and is particularly concentrated in synovial fluid, the vitreous fluid

ISSN (PRINT): 2393-8374, (ONLINE): 2394-0697, VOLUME-6, ISSUyd RNCIPAL

MAHAVIDYALA367 AMRAVATI.

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of the eye, umbilical cords and chicken combs. It is naturally synthesized by a class of integral membrane

synthases, and degraded by a family of enzymes called hyaluronidases [6] important points Hyaluronic acid derives from the Greek hyalos", glossy vitreous and uronic acid. The The work-up of the Nanoparticles ws a molecule binds water and functions as lubricant follows: pH was increased to the range of between the collagen and the elastic fibre followed by the addition of akooi t networks in dermis during skin movement. Effect on skin is that it hydrates viscoelastic

film on the skin. The polymer may also be injected to obtain a smoother surface and reduce the depth of wrinkles. Properties: Most storage [8]. powerful moisturiser and humectants knownhso far provide smoothness and softening to the skin, reduce appearance of wrinkles. Ideal ingredient after skin peels. Usage typically used

at 0.1-2%. Hyaluronic acid is not readily soluble in water as it binds water very quickly forming a gel [7].

Addition of the surfaciknt solutun and nAKIng under magnetic stirring, lwering the phi and maintaining the stiing overnight, which wil

produce the Nanoparticles.

proteins called hyaluronan

Following are hyaluronic acid. about

precipitate the Nanoparticles. The precipitated

Nanoparticles were kept in drying oven a 25C

six for hours to dry. The revulting

Nanoparticles can be kept in the reirigeratur fo

2.3 Characterization of.Nanoparticles Estimation of particle size by LM 20

Nano Sight Nanoparticle tracking analysis divulges size of nanoparticles by tracking the

Brownian moti on of particles freely suspended in colloidal solution. Mean S1Ze of

nanoparticles was calculated by tracking minimum of 1000 nanoparticles active in Brownian motion. The size histograms of

hyaluronic acid are evident from Fig 1 (a, b and c) respectively [9].

2.2 Method of preparation of hyaluronic acid nanoparticles

The present study relates to development of a hyaluronic acid nanoparticles

he

for the administration of active molecules. These nanoparticles are made up of hyaluronic acid in salt form, preferentially the sodium salt of the polymers. In a typical experiment, the procedure comprises the following stages:

A

Flow chart 1: Method of hyaluronic acid nanoparticles

Preparation of aqueous solution of salt

of HA (6 mg'ml)_ a)

Preparation of an aqueous solution of

hydrazide (3 mg/ml oxalic hydrazide)

Preparation of sorbitan monostearate (1-2 %

w/v)

Addition of the hydrazide solution (3 mg ml) to the solution of Hyaluronic acid, followed by

injection ethylcarbodimide solution (2.7 mg/ml)_

of 1-3-dimethylaminoproyl-3- hydrochloride (EDCI)

(c)

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2.4 U.V. Spectrophotonmetry Ultraviolet (UV) and visible radiation comprise

only a small part of the electromagnetic

spectrum, which includes such other forms of radiation as radio, infrared (IR), cosmic, and X rays. Figure 2 (a), (b). (c) respectively [9].

The interaction of the incident rays with the

sample produces constructive interference (and a diffracted ray) when conditions satisfy

Bragg's Law (nd=2d sin 0). This law relates the

wavelength of electromagnetic radiation to the

diffraction angle and the lattice spacing in a

crystalline sample. These diffracted X-rays are

then detected, processed and counted. By

Scanning the sample through a range of

20angles, all possible diffraction directions of

the lattice should be attained due to the random

of the orientation powdered material. Conversion of the diffraction peaks to d-spacing

allows identification of the mineral because

cach mineral has a set of unique d-spacing.

Typically, this is achieved by comparison of d-

spacing with standard reference patterns. All

diffraction methods are based on generation of

X-rays in an X-ray tube. These X-rays are

directed at the sample, and the diffracted rays

are collected. A key component of all

diffraction is the angle between the incident and

diffracted rays. Powder and single crystal diffraction vary in instrumentation beyond this

[11].

(a)

(b) 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The particle size mean of hyaluronic acid found to be 44nm whereas the mode is 11nm and standard deviation is 57nm. While the U.V.

visible spectrophotometry shows that figure 2(a) absorbance is shown at peak of 257 nm. The XRD (X-ray Diffraction) result in figure 2(c) shows that the sample is of amorphous nature.

(2 Dheta) degre

(c) 3.1 Skin Serum

transform (FT) can separate the individual absorption frequencies from the interferogram,

producing a spectrunm virtually identical to that obtained with a dispersive spectrometer. This

type of instrument is known as Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer [10].

A serum is a product typified by its 2.5 Fourier Transform Electron Microscopy: rapid absorption and ability to penetrate into the A mathematical operation known as Fourier deeper layers of the skin, together with its non-

greasy finish and intensive formula with a very high concentration of active substances. Likemany other skin products, serums are designed to focus on different actions - anti-ageing

brightening, acne prevention, etc. Because of the high concentrations of the active elements, it is common for cosmetic serums to contain

2.6 X-ray Diffraction: X-ray diffraction is only a few active ingredients which provide intensive nutrition for the deeper layers of your skin. The oil-free finish doesn't leave your skin feeling tight after use: instead it should feel velvety smooth because of the serum's intensive and deep-layer action. Since the active ingredients are so highly concentrated, a serum ,

based on constructive interference of monochromatic X-rays and a crystalline sample. These X-rays are generated by a

produce collimated

cathode ray tube, monochromatic

filtered to radiation, to

concentrate, and directed toward the sample.

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will produce more visible results in less time than a simple moisturiser or other skin product. Sometime the high concentration of active ingredients can irritate sensitive skin [12].

3 nic acid gm gm gm

Aqueous phase

DM

4 water To To To mak mak mak

3.2 Material and Methods e e e

Table no. 1:formulation of serum 100

ml 100 100

ml ml

Ingredie Quantity for 100 gm Sr. nts Uses

No Observation: From the above observatioon

formula F2 was selected as it was stable and it

shows consistency, spreadability and feel and

active was added with different concentration

and evaluated for in vitro study as per IS and in

vivo study with human volunteers. Procedure for base formula:

F1 F2 F3

Take clean Carbopol 0.5 0.5 1 940

0.5 Gelling apparatus. Weigh Carbopol 940 disperses in distilled water containing EDTA, DM DM

Hyadantoin and glycerine. After proper mixing

add TEA drop by drop to form a gel, then take

another beaker to this add almond oil, olive oil,

rose oil, Polysorbate 60, Tween 80, propylene glycol, stir it well and then pour it into gel under stirring slowly, allow it to stir for some more time and then fill it into suitable container.

gm gm gn agent

2 Olive oil I ml Iml Iml Emollient

Almond 3 oil ml I ml 1 ml Emollient

1.2 1.3 Emulsifie 4 Tween 80 1 ml ml1 ml 4

2.5 2.8 Humecta Table 2: Optimization of serum base Propylene glycol 2 ml ml ml nt Sr.

No PARAMETE

F1 1.5 1.8 Soubulis R F2 F3 Poly sorbate 60 1 ml ml 6 ml er

TAppearance

Ethylened iaminetetr 0.1 0.1 0.1 Chellatin 2 Colour ** ***

7 aacetic gm gm gm g agent * 3 Odour Acid

Triethanal 0.3 0.5 0.6 4 Consistency 8 oamine ml mnl ml Stabiliser

5 Feel *** **

Iso propyl Solubulis *** ** 6 Spread ability **

9 alcohol q.S q.s q.S er

0.7 0.8 0.9 Humecta Good-* Better = ** Best= ***

10 Glycerine ml ml ml nt

3.3 Evaluation of skin serum 3.3.1 Determination of physical parameters

physical consistency, colour, odour, and spreadability was taken into consideration. The Physical

11 Perfume q.s q.s q.S Perfume

In parameters, appearance, DM DM

Hyadantoi Preservati

12 n q.S q.s q.s ve

Parameters are determined by visual

observation by taking small amounts of sample. o PRINCIPAL

1 Hyaluro 0.8 0.5 1 Active

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The Serum and lotion samples were kept at

various temperatures such as room temp, at

45°C and at the elevated temp (freeze

temp.).The formulations were checked after

every 10 days for parameters such as colour, 3.3.6 Microbial examination of Serum: 1.

odour,

its total height. The beaker was kept for 8 hrs.

in the humidity chamber at 60 to 70% relative

humidity and temperature 37+ 1°C.

The test consist of pleating a known dilution of

the sample on soya bean casein digest agar

medium suitable for the total count of aerobic

consistency, spreadability and

appearance [13].

bacteria and fungi after incubating them for a

specified period to permit the development of

Visual colonies for counting Pre-treatment of

sample: To 10 ml of sodium chloride solution

pH 7 or any other suitable medium add Igm or

Iml of sample Total bacterial count: Pipette out

in duplicate Iml of pre-treated

aseptically into 5 sterile Petri dishes. Pour 15 to

20 ml of molten soya bean casein digest agar

maintained at about 45°C. Mix the content of

3.3.2 Determination of pH (IS: 6608 - 1978)

For oil-in-water emulsion Serum Accurately 5+0.01 g of the Serum was weighted in a 100ml beaker. 45ml of water was added and the Serum

was dispersed in it. The pH of the suspension at

270 C was determined using the pH meter [13]. sample

3.3.3 Determination of total fatty substance content: (Indian Standard skin creams

specification, 2004) For this the emulsion is broken up with dilute

mineral acid and the fatty matter is extracted

with petroleum ether. It is weighed after

removal of the solvent. Accurately about 2g of

sample was weighted into a conical flask, about

25ml of dilute HCI was added, reflux condenser

was fitted into the flask and the content of the

the plate by swirling. Allowing the incubate the

plates at 37°C +1°C in inverted position for

three days Count the number of colonies in each

plate. Determine the average number of

colonies on plates and multiply by dilution

factor microorganisms per gm of the sample. If no

colony was recovered from any of the plate it

can be stated as less than 50 microorganisms

This will be the number of

flask was boiled until the oil and water phases

have separated. The content of the flask was

poured into 300 ml separating funnel and it was

allowed to cool to 20°C. The conical flask was

per gm.

rinsed with 50ml of ethyl ether in portions of 3.3.7 Total fungal count: Pipette out in

10ml. The ether rinsing was poured into

separating funnel. The separating funnel was

shaking well and leave until layers separate.

Separate out with SOml portions of ether twice.

All the ether extracts was combined and washed

them with water until free of acid. The ether

duplicate Iml of pre treated sample aseptically into 5 sterile petridishes. Pour 15 to 20 ml of

molten sabouraud's chloranphenicol

(SCA) maintained at about 45°C mixes the content of the plate by swirling. Allowing the

plates to solidify, invert and incubated at

23+2°C for three days. Count the number of

colonies in each plate.

agar

extracts was filtered through a filter paper

containing sodium sulphate into a conical flask

which had been previously dried at temperature

of 6°C +2°C and then weighed. The sodium

sulphate was washed on the filter paper with

ether and the material remaining in the flask

was dried at a temperature of 6°C 2°C to

constant mass [13].

3.3.8 Stability studies of Serum: Stability studies for Serums were carried out according to ICH guidelines. The Serum samples were

kept on the 5°C, room temperature, and 40°C.

The changes in the physical appearance, colour, odour etc and chemical changes such as change in pH, viscosity, pH separation were checked and thus. The formulation of Serum was

3.3.4 Total fatty substance % by mass =100x

MIM2. Where, M1 is Mass in g of residue and M2 is Mass in g of material taken for the test.

optimized.

3.3.5 Determination of Thermal Stability: A 20 mm broad and 5 mm thick strip was spreaded from the material to be tested on the internal wall of a beaker of 100ml capacity in PRINCIPAL

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Table3:Evaluation Of Physical Parameters 4. Result and Discussion

4.1 In Vitro-Study Sr. PARAM FI F2

N ETERS

Determination of physical containing

F3 Table No. 5: Skin Serum parameter of a

hyaluronic acid as active. (Stability study after

10 days). 0.

(A) Physical appearance 1 Appeara

Sr. PARAMETE FI F2 F3 seru Seru serum

like N RS nce m m

like like 0. ** **

**

2 Colour white white white Physical appearance

Appearance Colour

opaq opaq opaque * ** **

ue ue ** **

3 Odour pleas pleas pleasan 2 F* **

3 Odour ant ant t ** ** Consistency

Spread ability Oily/tacky

4 4 Consiste semi semi semi ** ** * 5 liquid

good liquid liquid ncy ** ** **

6 5 Spread

ability 6 Oily/tack

y feel

good very feel

good No No No

No change ** Change = *

Table No. 6: Stability study after 20 days 3.3.9 Accelerated stability studies: To ensure

that a cosmetic remain stable till the PARAMETE FI F2 F3 Sr. consumers has used the entire cosmetic or has N RS stopped using it, a number of special accelerated test procedures have

developed.

* been ** ** Physical

The evaluation employs a appearance

Appearance Colour

** ** ** combination of tests. This method of evaluation not only indicates stability of Base formulation but also indicates the stability of

functional ingredient [13].

** * ** 2

** ** Odour ** 3 ** ** **

Consistency Spread ability

Oily/tacky feel

4

Freeze thaw cycle: These tests are not carried

out at fixed temperature and humidity. In these

tests, temperature was changed cyclically every

day e.g. simulate changes in temperature daily [13].

** ** 6

Table No. 7: Stability study after 30 days Low-high-low-high-low-high, to

Sr. PARAMETERS F1 F2 F3

No. Table 4:Freeze Thaw Cycle ** Physical

appearance Appearance Colour

Sr PARAME FI F2 F3 ** **

TERS 2 ** ** **

N Odour ** ** ***

0. ** Consistency Spread ability Oily/tacky feel

** ** 4 ** ** **

Freeze Stable Stable Stabl thaw cycle

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Table No. 8: Determination of pH of serum

containing hyaluronic acid as active. Standard

value 5 to 9

4.2 Microbial examination of a Serum

Table No. 11: Microbial examination of a

serum containing hyaluronic acid as active Result

Unit Time F1 F2 F3 Sr Name of Specificati

Sr.

No Interval the test on

N O Day

8th Day 16th Day

24th Day 30th day

6.23 6.21 6.19 1 Total 10 NMT100 CFU

6.21 6.2 6.18 CFU/g CFU/gm /gm

6.23 6.19 6.15 bacterial

4 6.22 6.17 6.11 count m NMT1OC CFU

gm 6.23 6.16 2 Fungal Nil 6.12 count FU/gm

Graphical Representation of data: 5. Conclusion

Nanoparticles are one of the promising drug

delivery systems, which can be of potential use

in controlling and targeting drug delivery. They

possess better stability when compared with

liposomes. They have various applications such

delivery, intravenous

F1

as ophthalmic drug delivery as carriers for radio nucleotides in

nuclear medicine, as cosmetics for the skin and

hair care, sustained release formulations and

more. Nanoparticles formulated

amorphous spheres offer higher solubility than Time Interval as

many

Table 9: Determination of Total fatty matter of serum containing hyaluronic acid as active

(Standard value 5.0%) standard crystalline formulations, thus

improving the poor aqueous solubility of the

drug and hence its bioavailability. While serum

on the other side, is a concentrated product

widely used in cosmetology. The term itself

professional Cosmetic skin serum is a highly concentrated product based on water or all as any other

Serums are concentrates containing approximately 10 times more of biologically active substances than creams, therefore quicker and more effectively coping with cosmetic

effect

Sr Parameter Fl F2 F3

N comes from cosmetology.

1 TFM % by 4.55% 4.65 .60

Mass % % cream.

Graphical Representation of data:

F3 problems. The of serum when concentrates are that it immediately gets the necessary amount of active substances such form which assimilates easier. The active substances in high concentration act in the same

way as cream they moisturise, rejuvenate, lift up, etc. The only difference is that in case concentrates are used correctly the noticeable

F2

result will be reached quickly. Table 10: Determination of Thermal Stability serum containing hyluoronic acid as active.

6. References Sr. Parameter F1 F2 F3 1. Patwekar Shailesh: Review on No_

nanoparticles used in cosmetics and dermal products, vol.3, issue 8, 2014.

2. Hiremath R. Rani, Hota: Nanoparti�les as drug delivery systems, 1998.

3.

Thermal passed passed passed Stability

Wu Xiao: Nanotechnology in cosmgNCIPAL VIDYA BHARATIMAHAVIDYAL ISSN (PRINT): 2393-8374, (ONLINE): 2394-0697, VOLUME-6, ISSUE-1, AMRAVATIL

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4. Guix Maria, Carbonell12 Carlos, Comenge2 Joan, Gracia-Fernandez2 Lorena, Alarconl Eudald: Nanoparticles for cosmetics. How safe is safe? , 2008.

5. Bangale MS1, Mitkare Ss1*, Gattani SGI,

Alfonso, Casals2

Sakarkar DM2: Recent Nanotechnological aspects in cosmetics and dermatological preparations vol.4, issue 2, 2012.

6. Necas1. J, Bartosikoval .L, Brauner2., Kolar2. J: Hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan) A Review, 2008.

7. Paye March, Barel O. Andre, Maibach

I.Howard: Hydrating Handbook of cosmetic science and

Substances,

technology, pg. no. 269. 8. Mohapatra

Bishwabhushan, Kumar Arun, Behera Sumita: A method of transdermal drug

delivery nanoparticles, 2006.

S.Shyam, Sahoo

using hyaluronic acid

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TECHNOLOGY AND TEACHING-LEARNING OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE

Patil, R.M.

Department of English, VidyaBharati Mahavidyalya, Camp. Amravati.

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

We are living todayin the age of technology. As lar as teaching and learning of English language is

concerned, those traditional methods and tools have become outdated now. In the wake of globalivation

and wide spread of technological innovations we have a lot to choose from the world of technology to

make our teaching and learning process smarter, effectiveand interesting from learners' and teachers'

point of view. We have smart technological gadgets like Smartphones, Radio, TV, CD Roms, Computers,

C.ALL., the Internet, Electronic Dictionaries, Email, Blogs and Audio Cassettes, Power Point, Videos,

DVD's, VCD's and innumerable apps available casily.The last two decades have witnessed a revolution

due to onset of technology, and has changed the dynamics of various walks of life, and has also influenced

the society at large and the nature of interactions of the masses among themseles.This rapid rise and

growth of technology has offered a better pattern to explore the new teaching models,. As a result

technology has been playinga very important role in teaching and learning of Englisl language.

In this paper efforis have been made to analyze the necessity of use of technology to maketcaching and

learning of English language innotatie efletite anl intesetin It also brings out the problems faced by

the users while dealing with these lec lunologal gadgel* Ii al- ams to make English teachers aware of

the strategies to be adopted to use Iecluulugy uu an etlective er.

Keywords: English Language tcaclun Nltiuneda Teclunolog dvantages, Disadvantages,Optimization.

Strategies. hngel th the remarkable entry of technology.

Tednolog provides so many options as making

Iehue iteresting and also making it nore

plon.te in terms of improvements. Technology

I tle significant driver of both social and

lngni-t that"lechnology lies at the heart of the

globalization process; affecting education work

and culture. At present the role and status of

English is that it is the language of social context.

political, industries, media, 1library, communication across

borders, and key subject in curriculum and

language of imparting education". It is also a

crucial determinant for university entrance and

processing high paid jobs in the commercial

sector. Considering the huge quantity of English

learners in lndia, lechnoloEy driven teaching

methods have been implemented to test the

eflectiveness of the teaching process. One method

involves multimedia in ELT in order to create

INTRODUCTION

English language has a special imputui.e l

the language of the world. It enjoy* a luzlh nestige

in our country because it is spoken by tlie Bnlish

the ruling class of the past. In sp1le «f the 1ill ot

British power all over the world, Fnglish language

has not lost its glamour and use throughout the

globe even today. Rather it has become the

necessity of everyone of us due to the wide spread

of internet and computer technology in all walks of

life. English language has been used as a medium

of instruction and as a part of curriculum in the

countries where English is studied as a second

language. As the number of English language

learners has been incrcasing, technology supported

new methods of teaching and lcarning have been

devised. New teaching tools and materials in the

form of audio-visual aids viz.LCDs, DLPs,

interactive boards, smart phones, etc. have been

introduced in the system. lt is true that these

technological gadgets have proven their utility in

replacing the traditional methods of teaching and

learning process.

The changed circumstances assign new challenges

and duties on the modern teachers. The traditional

change.Graddol: (1997:16) states

sociocultural. business, cducation,

English contexts. This helps students to get

involved and learn according to their interests. Ii

has been tested effectively and is widely accepted

for leachingof Fnglish in modern world.

Technology is utilized fox the betternent of

modern sty les: it satisfies Hath visual and auditory

ways of English teaching has been drastically

Ye PRINCIPAL


AMRAVATI.

Aayushi International Interdisciplinary Resear ch Journal (AlTRJ) ISSN 2349-638x Impact Factor 4.574 Special Issue No. 26 UGC Approved Sr.Nu U259 Wehsile www uirjournal com Email id - aiirjptamodaymail umm senses of the students. Many more aspects of language learning which used to be vague and obscure for understanding now have become easy with the advent of technology. As the use of English has increased in popularity so has the need for qualified tcachers to instruct students in the language. It is true that there are teachers who use 'cutting edge' technology, but the majority of teachers still teach in the traditional manner. None of these traditional manners are bad

a time when computers are no longer the exclusive domains of the dedicated few, bul rather available to many. With this there has been a very significant proliferation of literature regarding the usc of technology in teaching English lang1age. Mostly these writings unequivocally accept lechnology as the most essential part in teaching In a sense., a tendency to emphasize on inevitable role of technology in pedagogy to the extent of ohliterating human part of teacher by lechnoogy part has been very dominant. And as a result if we neglect or ignore technological developments they will continue and perhaps we will never be able to catch up, irrespective of our discipline or branch. For this reason it is important for language teachers to be aware of the latest and best

or damaging the students. In fact, till date they are

proving to be useful also. However, there are many more opportunities for students to gain confidence practice and extend themselves, especially for ESL students who learn the language for more than just fun. For them to keep pace with ELT and gain more confidence they have to stride into the world of multimedia technology. In country like India where huge amount of students taking education with meager infrastructural resources seem to be very challenging to make use of such advance technological tools in the schools and colleges 21 century is the age of global1zation and is

important to grasp on various foreign langnages

English language comes tiit Engd:h Language Teaching has been with us tu a years and its significance contills ta

fuelled, by the spread of ICT. iaklod tu (2000) suggests that in the year 2000 thele iwele about a billion English learners- bnt a deciule later the numbers got doubled. The forecast pomts toa surge in English learning, whicli ha* peaked m 2010. The same study indicates that el 8a of

information stored on the internet is m Enghsh. For the first time there are more Non-Native than

equipment and to have a full knowledge of what is available in any given situation. Teachers can use

Multimedia Technology to give more colorful, stimulating lectures so that the learners need not have to imagine the abstract conditions of

lnguage learning, the connection between the wods and object link. Due to technology, sensing

nature of language has become

Coenuent to some extent. There are many applicable in various degrees to

ge learning Situation. Some are useful for tesun ud distance education, and some for tetc hng business English, spoken English. Ie:dng. 1stening or interpreting. The teaching pcapde slhould be to appreciate new technologies the eas and functions where they provide smething decisively new useful and never let machimes lakeover the role of the teacher or limit functions where more traditional ways are

superior. Ihere are various reasons why all language learners and teachers must know how to make use of the new technology. Here we also need to emphasize that the new technologies develop and disseminate so quickly that we cannot avoid their attraction and influence in any form. Nowadays, the stereoty ped traditional teaching methods and environment are unpopular while

multimedia technology featuring audio- visual animation effects naturally and humanely makes us more access to information besides, with such

abundant-information and

ubatran and

techmue

Native users of the language and diversity of context in terms of learners, age, nationality. learning background, ete. has become a defining characteristic of ELT today. With the rapid

development of science and technology, the

and developing technology and its application to teaching,

featuring audio, visual, animation effects comes

into full play in English classrooms and sets a

favorable platform for reform and exploration on

English teaching model in the new era. It's proved that multimedia technology plays a positive role in

promoting activities and initiatives of studentsand

teaching effect in English class. Technological innovations have gone hand -inhand with the

English and are changing the way in

emerging of multimedia

characteristics as

erossing time and space, multimedia technology offers a sense of reality and functions very well. which greatly cultivates students' interest and motivation in study and their involvement in class

activities. growth which we communicate. It is fair to asscert that the

growth of the internet has facilitated the growth of

the English language and that this has occurred at

Traditional teaching has hampered students capacity to comprehend certain languagc and also

PRINCIPAL

IS agane of Zero-sum observed throughout the world in the fom of castis

rncism and religion that lead to increase in stereotype aud picjudice The concept of Zer0-sum

The concept of Zero sum wns first de velopecl inn gae theory prop0sed

by Nash Zero-sum deseribes a situation in wlich n paricpant's gai or l0s

exuctly balanced by the losses or gains of other particpunts. It is s0 1Amecd

because wlhen the tolal gains of the partieipants are added up and the total losses

nre subtracted, they will sum to zero. Chess is nn oxumple of a zero-s4um game

il Is unpossiblo for both players to win. Zero-sun is a spocial case of a more

general constant sunn where the benelits and losses to all 'the players sun to the

Saune value. In soCl siluation most ol our activitics. relations and uternctions

re basel un the KAne ol zero-sum. All ganes tish.e pliiLe it leasI on two levcl»

The first is material gan winnng a chance or los11 nd the second

psychological perception of having won or lost In hoor-slhamc cultures, the

problem ot gan or loss becomes nore sensitive, wliere people attribute ther

loss or failures to others.

'You fell, I was pushed' an attribution error as Zero-sum

Abution refers to the meanings and intentioins assigned to oliers

belhavivuIs. Kelley (1972) in his theory of attribution has very wicely deseribed

le role of internal and external factors and the importance ol consistency.

conscnsus and clistinctiveness while interpreting the causes of other's behaviou

Kelly reported that while interpreting others belhaviour we generally commit

three types of errors; they are nanely, correspondence bias, actor observer

effect and self serving bias Correspondence bias is the lendency to explain

others actions caused due to dispositions rather than situational causes This

tendency is more prominenl in particular cullure especially in Western culture

rather than ásian cultures (Van Boven el al. 2003: Meris and Peng, 1994).

Actor observer effect is the tendency to altribute our own behavior to situational

factors but that of others to internal factors thus lcading to "you fell, I was

pushed". The aclor observer effect occur because we re quite aware of the

many external factors that alfect our own behaviour but less aware about ihe

sane faclors that atfect others behaviour The third error is the self serving bias,

the lendcney o attribue posilive vulcomes to mternal causes bul negative ones

exlernal causes This tenclency slems lron motnatonal factors that protert

and enhance our sclf estecm and cognitive laclors like lhe wy we process

social informauon (Gerrenberg, Pyszcznski and Soloman. 1982) Finchman and Braclbury (1987) have analyzel threc patlerns ol

altribution, namely, causal attribution

communicatim attribution. (Causal attribution determine who or what produced

an even. esponsibility altribulion concern who is held accountable and

commnicative altribution stands for the peculiar tendency to communicate

with others. Apart from this, Bradbury and Tinchann (1990) inave >uggesied

blame attribution, the evalualive judgnment that involves lault and liabilny for

responsibility altribution and

CCnsure.

PRINCIPALVIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA

AMRAWATL

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should not dominate class. They are substitutes to eflective teaching and learning. English language and English analy sis by the teachers are effective in convey ing knowledge to the students from English pronuneiation to comprehension, improving students thought patterns and oral expression, Whereas, the

introduetion of multimedia technology featuring audio, visual. textual effect fully mects audio and Visual requirements of the students and enhance

their interest, but it also results in lack of

euchers are supposed to ehoose appropriate media

and instrument based on the requirements of

leaching and integrate multimedia instrument with

traditional one and fully perform their merits,

rather than merely in pursuit of trendy method.

Fnglish CONCLUSION

Ideally, the purpose of both the traditional and

computer-assisted cooperative language leaning classrooms is to provide facilitation of learning, and learning itself, can take

place" (Shi, 2008: 76). It is true that one of the

ultimate goals of multimedia language teaching is

to promote students" motivation and learning

interest, which can be a practical way to get them

involved in the language learning. Context

creation of ELT should be based on the openness

and accessibility of the teaching materials and

information. During the process of optimizing the

multimedia English teaching, students are not too

dependent on their mother tongue. but will be

nol ed und guided to communicate with each

otler on erning the development of technology,

We bebete that in future, the use of multimedia

space in which the

communication between teachers and students,

replacement of teachers voice by computer sound,

and teachers analysis by visual inage and

students have a few chances for speak ing communication. Witlh the favorable atmosphere by the mutual communication between leachers and

students fading away, and sound and inmage of

multimedia aflecting students' initiative to think

and speak, English class turns to course ware show

and students are made viewers rather than the

participants of class activities.

Some teachers take the compulei sulecl a* Ue

blackboard. They have input exeiu Ise: |lhestit1s

answers and teaching plans into tle itet nl

display them piece by piece, withot takmg lonn

anything on the blackboard or even the ttle of a

lesson. It is known that teachers aue Ppxsed to

simulate situations based on teachung und ge

Englush leaching will be further developed. The

pocess ot English learning will be more student-

centeed bt less time-consuming. Therefore, it

pomIses that the teaching quality will be

upro ed and students" applied English skills can

be eftec trely cultivaled, meaning that students

COnle ative competence will be further

deteloped In conclusion, it is believed that this

plocers can tully improve students' ideation and

practicallanguage skills, which is helpful and

useful to ensure and fulfill an effective result of

the students to communicate in Fnzl1sh Besule

traditional writing on blackb0ard i8 coise ud

teachers can make adjustment and unendnent t t

if necessary. Furthermore, expeienced lemhers

know well that a perfect courseware Is an ideal

project in mind, and that in practice, they need to

enrich the content on the blackboard with

emerging of new question raised by the studenis.

Some teachers tend to entirely depend on

multimedia teaching. While, it should be noticed

that although multimedia has its unique advantages

in teaching, the characteristics functions of other

forms of teaching instruments are still

incomparable.

plays a role in broadcasting listening material. So

teaching and leaming. Barringa few problem arcas

multimedia technology can be used effectively in

classrooms of ELT with proper computer

knowledge on the part of teachers, overcoming the

financial problems in setting up the state-of -the-

art infrastructure and sophisticated equipment.

tools and not allowing the teachers to become dry like that of machines

For example, the recorder still

REFERENCES

2. Brown, H.D. (2001). Teaching by principles:

An interactive approach to language pedagogy.

Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and . Graddol: (1997:16) David Graddol. The future

of English, Page 2 Zhanghongling. The

development tendency of the modern foreign

language tcaching and the compuler assisted

instruction. Computer Assisted Foreign

Language Education

Research Press

PRINCIPA VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALAA

ARMRAVATI

62

. 3, 3ATtY AtGRAT R0ZG

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T. HAT�R FraTS

erosft ooI JIEifAEncRI, îor BI. ST0oNa (JHEIF)

PRINCIPAL


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online genn attarh

www.atharvapublications.com

RaTst aid 3fefas fArain

faraqra TTA,

teTYri EittETa, A, A. AHUacfi.

R q RIT The Principles of Political Economy and Taxation TU SAI}IT FTI.

ros fsH The Principles of Political Economy and Taxation 31 TT fT7n fàr

fteisi q-i 330 T asi TYTT "The Principles of Political Economy and Taxation T

TTT On Foreign Trade' q1 HTTT THTUITA EI Haa HTSI.

PRIKCIPAL vIDYA BI4RATI MAHAH1DYALAY

AMRAVATI

. Sowells, Thomas (2006) on Classical Economics, New Haren, CT Yale University Press

.Ricardo, David 1919, Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, G. Bel, P Lix: by reason of a religous diference with his father, to adopt

a position of independence at a time when he should have been undergoing that academic training

X. King, John (2013), David Ricardo, Palgrave Macmillan, P. 48


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Aayusbi luternationnl Interdisciplinary trseareh Jotur nal (AI

ISSN 2 419-4,1*», lnp.act Iactur 174 peal F:uc 'in 2

Approved Sr Nu 1259 Webilr; uwa ulpannal on L.mail d. atgpranla1ail o

IN VITRO CYTOTOxIC ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS CORM EXTRACT OF

SAUROMATUM VENOSUM AGAINST ITUMAN PANCREATIC CARCINOMA CEILIL

LINE (M1APACA-2)

M.U.Ghurde', S.N.Malode , S. S. Khandare, R.R.Godse & P.A.Wadegaokar

1Dept. of Botany, Vidya! 1arati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati; "P.i. Dept. «of otany. (GVISH, Amravat Dept. of Biotechnology, SGBAU, Amravati

monali.glhurdeugnail.com

ABSTRACT

Scuuromatum venous (Mit.) Schotl. belongs to the family Araceae ancd is commmly called as "Snake Plant"

I is u shule loving plunt emd found in Melglhuat regim of Amravati District. t's corm is a comdensed form

of rhizome consist of solid, stoul, fleshy ulergrod stem. Plants are reputed to be cupuble of

neulralizing Ihe uclion of snake vewnm nd their tivenom activity. Ju the present stuly. tle cytuloxie

(Uctivily of uqueous exlruct of Saurntum vwnsm crni wis delermined by stulying te unli

proliferalive elfecis on hunmn pancreatic carcimat cell lies (\/al'ru 2) Ce/l viahiliy was aosses seed by

MIT usscay cafler 48 Irs of realeit witlh tle ettracts. Cell prolitrato! weas measured usin

culrimetric melhod huseal vn the ability of melholie uctive cells tn cdeare the yellow tetruzulium sall

MTT to an insoluble urple Jformazm crystal. The soluhle formazm cle uas drvctly quantificed usin

call.ISA 1late reuler. h was observed that the auqneous extract of cre vhibited the inerease n le cell

inhibition in mialignent cells in a dose depenlem mmur. The resulis shoued the erlract exhibileed a potent

cylotoxic (ictivily ugainst tle pancrvatie carcinama cell linestMial'uru-2) with an 50 value of

190.56+13,974g/ml. Ii indicateel thut the cytotoxic pxtentutl uf uquevus extrut of corm uguinst Miuul'uca-2

cellsmay be edue ta the hioactive comypnds preseni in the exlrt. Tus. it mny he used us one of the

romising therapeulic: ugeml in puncreulic canecer treatment in Juttur* ufter animatl erperimentation

Keywords: Sauronatum vesum, corni, cyloteurKUy, paITEatic caneer cels MIT as say

INTRODUCTION

primary lunor currently used in vitro models to

study conipounds provided many effective anticancer

gents in current usc. Currently, over 50-60% of

drugs used in elinical trials for anticancer activity

Plant based natural constituents ean be detived

from any part of plant like bark, leaves, owers.

roots, fruits, seeds etc. i.e. any part of the plant

may contain active components. On the other hand.

plants have been a source of medicine for

thousands of years, and phytochemicals continue

to play the essential role in medicine (Aggarwal et

al., 2003). The use of medicinal plant extracts for

the treatment of human diseases is an ancient

p:ancreatic carcinogenesis.Natural

were isolated from natural sources or rclated

compounds (Newman and Gragg, 2007). Active

constituents of Catharunthus roseus, Angelica

gigas, Podophyllum peltatum, Tuxus brevifolia,

Poduphyllum emodi.

Campototheca acuminate have been used in the

treatment of advanced

Ocrosia ellipticu and

practice; this has enormously inereased in recent

years. Plants have long history used in the

treatment of cancer (Richardson, 2001). Pancreatic

cancer (PC) is a highly aggressive human

malignancy worldwide with an extremely poor

prognosis (Siegel et al., 2016). For the majority of

the PC patients, the only therapeutic promise is

cytostatic

chemotherapeutic drugs such as gemcitabine and

5-FU (5-fluorouracil) or their combination (Michl

and Gress, 2013). MIA PaCa-2 cell line is a

stages of various

malignancies (Eva et al., 2006). There are various

medicinal plants reported to have anticancer

activity in the Ayurvedic system of medicine.

Sauromalumm venostum is one of them reported to

have anticancer activity (Singh Bainset al., 2005).

Sauroniutum venosum (Ait.) Schot. belongs to the

family Araceae and is locally known as "Sanp Ki

Booti" and commonly called as "Snake Plant"

treatment using standard

Proceedings of the InternarionaB Conference on Recent Trends in Scienee & Technolog ICRTST 2018 953

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(Nabi Shah et al., 2014). It is a shade loving plant and found in Melgha region of Amravati District. lt's corm is a condensed form of rhizome consist of solid, stout, fleshy underground stem. It eontains heavy deposits of food nmaterial. Plants are reputed to be capable of neutralizing the action of snake venom and their auntivenom activity has been related to certain chemical compounds identificd in the plants (Pereira et al., 1994). In folk medicines, the tuber is used as stimulating poultice in snake bite.t is reported to contain the constituents like lectins with potent mitogenic and in vitro antiproliferative activity (SinghBains et al. 2005).

Dimethyl sulphides. p-caryophyllene, trimethylamine,

(Shinwari and Khan. 2000: Muhammad ei . 2011). Despite the widespread use. however no

Plant FIg.. SdurOmitum v'enosum-Corm

Methods

Preparation of aqueous extraet (Soxhlet method):

Soxhlet method was used for the aqucous

extraction of crude compounds.Initially corms

were thorouglhly washed under running tap water

to remove the surface pollutants, air dried under

shade and powdered by the help of mechanical

process. The powdered material was used for the Calraction of erude compound by Soxhlet method

(Sadashiv am and Manikam, 1996). The obtained

crude extract was uscd for further analysis.

r-vilra evaluation of cytotoxicity by MTT assay

The Humn Pancreatic Carcinoma cell (Mia PaCa)

was procurcd from the National Centre for Cell

Sciences (NCCS), Pune. and Maharashtra, grown

indole,ammonia, primary amines

scientific assessent for anticancer effect has been conducted. Considering the rccognition and

consumption. the present study was undertaken to

evaluate the cytotoxic potential of aqueous extract

of Sauwonmatum vemosum com in the inhibition of

cell proliferationby using MTT assay

MATERIALS AND METHODs in Dulbceco's Minimum Essential Medium

Materials (GIBCO by Life Technologies) which contained

10° fetal bovine serum (GIBCO by Life

Technologies). All cells were maintained at 37°C.

5% CO2. 95% air. Cclls were used in cxperiments

during the linear phase of growth (tig.3).The

Selection and Collection of Plant: The coms of

Were tollected from Sauromat um venosuni

Melghat region of Anravati District in the nmonth

of June to September (Fig.I &2) ldentification and Authentification of plants: The

plants were further identified with the help of eytotoxic activity was measured using MTT (3-

standard floras (Sharma et al.. 1996; Dhore. 2002)

and authenticated by Taxonouist Dr. S.P.Rothe

Professor and llead Department of Bolany,

ShriShivaji Science College. Akola

(4.5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay Berridge MV]. Brielly. 2 X

104cells/well were seeded in 96-well microtiter

plates. Cells were treated with various working concentrations (10 -50 ug/ml) ofaqueous extract

of corm and standard anticancer drug i.c. 5

Fluorouracil (5-FU) (10 50 ug/ml) for 48 hours.

At the end of incubation period, the medium was

replaced by 150pul fresh medium and 50 l MTT

(Img/mL) was added to cach well, followed by an

incubation period for a furtlher 4 hours at 370C.

Later, 150 ul of DMSO was added to each well for

solubilization of the formazan products

Absorbance was taken at 630 nm using a Bio-

Tekmicroplatereader.The percent cell cytoxicity

was calculated by using the following formula.

Fig.I. Sauromatunm venosum (4it.) Schott-

(Absorbance of control sample - Absorbance of treated sample) X100

Absorbance of control sample % Cytotoxity

PRINGIPAL Proceedings of the lnternational Conference on Recent Trends in Seience & Technology CRISE 20VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA

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(untreated cultures) and positive control treated

with 5-Flurouracil (Standard anticancer drug). RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSS

The aqueous extract of Sauromatum com was

tested in vitro for its potential human cancer cell

growth inhibitory effect on MIA paca-2 cancer cell

line using MTT assay. a non radioactive, fast and

economical assay widely used to quantify cell

viability and proliferation.The cytotoxicity assay is

based on the capacity of mitochondria succinate

dehydrogenase enzymes in living cells to reduce

the yellow water soluble substrate tetrazolium salt

dimethyl thiazol-2-yl-2-5-diphenyl

tetrazolium bromide (MTT) into a blue colored i.c. 3-14.5

Fig.3 MTA PaCa-2 Cell line

which IS measured

Statistical Analysis Statistical Analysis: The results are prescntcd as

means + SD of three independent experiments.

Statistical diffèrences among mcans were

determined by one way ANOVA. Differences were

considered signiticant at p<0.05. The IC50 values

were calculated using Graph Pad Prism 5.0 (Graph

Pad Software Ine. San Diego, CA). Every

experiment included a set of negative controls

formazancrystals spectrophotometrically (Masters, 2000; Mosmann,

1983). Since reduction of MTT can only occur in

metabolically active cells, the level of activity is a

measure of the víability of the cells. The number of

cells was found to be proportional to the extent of

formazan production by the cells used (Francis and

Rita. 1986).

Table 1. Determination of cytotoxic activity of5-Fli (Standard)

a inhibition IC 50 Absorbanee 0.471 0.268 0.255 0.230 0.191

Concentration(p iml) Control

Sample 0

43.021.00 45.78 0. 10 51.02+0.36 59.37+ 0.72

5-Fluouracil25.90+ 0.68

.183 61.07t 0.52

Table2.Dctermination of cytotoxic activity of aqueous extract of Sauromatumvenosum corm1 by MIT

assay. IC 50 Concentration(ug/ml Control 10 20 30

Absorbance 0.140 0.126 0.120 0.118

0.115

% inhibition 0

9.76+ 1.09 13.80+ 0.80 15.47 +0.82 17.61+ 0.82 8.80+ 0.41

Sample

190.56 Aqueous extract

of corm 13.97

40

50 0.113

Fig.4: Cytotoxic etlect of aqueous extract of

Saromatumvenosum corm on MIA PaCa-2 cells.

Cell inhibition was evaluated by using MTT

assay and (A) 5-FUas standard (positive control)

(B).Aqueous extract of Saromatumvenosum

com.Data are presented as the mean SD (for

each group: n = 3). Statistical significance

between untreated and rcated cells was

determined using two- way ANOVA where p

0.05

Proceedings of the internationai Conference on Recent Trends in Scionee d Technologr CR7ST 2018 955PRINCIPAL


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(A) (B)

301 20

0- 5

10 20

10ug 20ug 30ug 40ug S0ug Concentration ug/ml

Concentration

The results for ccll growih inbibition by the

aqueous extract of Saromatunivenosum against Miapaca-2 cell lines for various concentrations is shown in Table 1& 2and graphieally represented in fig. 4. In the present study MIA paca-2 eells showed growth inlhibition in a dose dependent manner when treated with aqueous exract at

Compared with

phytochennical analysis of aqucous extract of Snuromatunn venosutm corm detected the presence of carbohydrate and glycosides, protein and amino

acids,

control. The qualitative

alkaloids. phenolic compounds &

concentrations ranging from 10-50ug ml (Table 2& Fig.4B). The percentage of dead cells for cach concentration was fund to be 9,76, 13.80. 15.47. 17.61 and 18.S0. The 50% eytotoxic effect lC50) of aqueous exlract of Sauroimatumeorm was found to be 190.56+ 13.97ug/ml. The iCS0 for the 5-FI standard control was found to be 25.9 +0.68ugiml

In the last few decaucs, human caneer ell

flavonoids. phytosterols. saponins and terpenoids (Gihurde and Malode, 2018) which could be responsible for this activity. Flavonoids have been found to possess antinauagenic and anti malignant

effects (Masmaan. 1983). Moreover it has protective effect against cancer by their eftect on signal transduction in cell proliferation and

angiogcnesis.

CONCLUSION lines have aggregatcd an accessihie, casity usable set of biological model lo examine cancer bivlogy (Green, 2003). The utility of cell lines acquired from tumor allows the investigation of tumor cells in a simplified and controlled enviroment (Aryaet al., 2011). MTT proliferation assay was carried out to determine the growh rate of cells. In this study, the aqueous extract of Saaromatum venosum have indicated moderately significant growth inhibition on Miapaca-2 cell line. The aqucous extract treatment on Miapaca-2 cells lines showed moderately signit+cant decrease in growth ratc

The present study revealed that the aqueous extract of Sauromatum corm was found to be cytotoxic towards human pancreatic cancer cell line in MTT assay and the concentration required for 50% cell death was found to be 190.56 13.974g/ml may be due to the bioactive compounds. Flence present study shows the positive efficacy of S. venosum corm for cytotoxicity towards MIA PaCa-2 cells thus suggesting the potential therapeutic agent in pancreatic cancer treatment in future after animal

experimentation.

PRINCIPAL VIDYA BHARAT! MAHAVIDYALYA

AMRAVATI.

956 Proceedings of the nternciional (onference n Recent Trends in Science & Technakogy CRTST 2013

Aayushi lnternational Interdisciplinary Research Journal (AITR ISSN2349-638% Imuct Factor 4574 Spccal ssuc No 25 PONcd sr o 64259 Website www arjournai cotn Email id- [email protected]

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B. D. Sharna, S. Kartikeyan and N. P. Singh (1996). ldentification of Plants- Flora of Maharashtra State. Monocoty ledons.

DurreShahwar Muhammad Wahab and Muhammad FaheemSaddiqui (2011) Antibacterial and antiox idant activties of an

cthnobotanically Sauromatumvenosum(Ait) Schott of District Kotli, Azad Jammu & Kashmir Pak. J. Hot 43(1). 579-585, 201

13. Nabi Shah. Abdul Jabbar Shah, Manzoor

Ahmcd

2 Important plant

3 D. Francis and calorimetrie assay for cell growth and survival moditication to the tetrazolium dye procedure giving improved sensitivity and reliability Journal of Immunological Methods. 89 271-

Rita (1986). Rapid

and Anwarul Hassan Gilani (2014).Functional ature of the spasmmolytic composilion and acute toxicity studies on

Sauromatumguttatum.Bangladesh Phamacol. Vol. 9 203-207

14N APereira, Naseimmenio M.C Parente. J.P and M.B.Mors (1994, Phaumacological screening of plants reconimended by folk niedicine as snake venon antidotes V Protection against jararaa venom by isolated constituents. Plant Medica. 60:90-100

effect phytochemical 277

4 D. J. Newman and Gragg. G M (2007). Natural products as sources of new drugs over the last 25 years. J. Nat. Prod., 70:461-477

5. J.A. Spavieri. M. Alimcndinger. R. Kaier. S. Casey, Hingle- Wilson and A. Lalvani (2010) Antimycobacterial. cytotoxic potential of twenty- one brown algae (Phacophyceac) fron1 British and Irish waters Phy tother. Res. 21: 1724-29

6 J. E. Green (2003). Mouse model of human

Ruppeit Pereira. BM

antiproto7oan and

I5 P. Michl and IM Gress (2013). Current and noel targcts in advanced Concepts

pancreatic cancer. (iut..62:31 7-326. 16. R. W. Masters (2000). Anima! cell culures

cytotoxicity and viability assays. 3rd ed. 202- 203.

breast cancer: evolution or convolution. Brest

Cancer Res. 5(1 :. J. M. Eva. Angel, G.L. Laura. P. Ignucio, A.. Antonia, C. and Federico, G. (2006). A new extract of the plant Calendula officinalis producesa dual In-Vitro eltect: C'ytotoxic anti-

tumor activity and lymplhocyte activation.

17. R. L Sicgel. K. D Miller and A Jemal (2016).Cancer statistics, CA Cancer J Clin. 66:730

18. S.Sadashivan. (1997) Biochemical Methods 2 Edn. New Age internattonal (P)! td.. Publisher. New Delhi

BMCCancer. 15:1256-1260. andA Manikam

8. M. A. Dhore (2002), Flora of Amavati District with special reference to the distribution of

tree speciCs. 9. M. A.Richardson (2001). Bioplharmacologic

and herbal therapies for cancer researeh

update from NCCAM. J Nutr.. 131 3037

3040.

19. Singhains. JJatinder Singh. Sukhdev Singh

KamaljeetKaurNijar, JavedN Agrawala. Vinod Kumar, Ashok Kumar and A.K.Saksena. ( 2005) Mitogenic and anti-proliferative activity of a lectin from

lily

Kamboj.

the ubers of Voodoo 10. M.I.Shinwari andM.A. Khan (2002). Folk use of medicinal herbs of Margala Hills National

Park, Islamabad. J. Ethnopharmacol. 69:45-56. 11. M. U. Ghurde and S. N. Malode (2018).

Phytochemical screening and thin layer

crude

Biochimica (Sauromatumvenosum), Biophysica Acta. Vol.1 723(1-3)163-174

20. T. Mosmann (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and eytotoxic assays J

Immun. Methods., 65: 55-63 21. V. Arya. C.P. Kshyap. T. Bandana, S Shiksha.

K. Sweta, I Verma and Swati Sharma (2011) Human

chroatography of extract of

Iuber. Sauromatumvenosum (A) Schott

Procecdings of Multidisciplinary International Conferenee on (ireen Farilh A Panoramic

View. ISBN: 978-81-923628-5.4 PP.183-187 12. Muhammad Ajaib, alheer-Ud-Di Khun

NasrullahKhan.MuhamnadAtiarAbbasi,

Cancer cell lines- A brief communcation, J Chem Pharm Res. 3(6):

514-520.

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Recent Trends in Science and Technology

22-23 March, 2018

PROCEEDINGS

Vidya Bharati Slaikshanik Mandal Amravatis

S.S.S.KRInnaniMahavidyalayaKaranja (Lad), Dist Washim (MS) Reaccnedicd at evel A rade by NAAC (CaPA 323

& Contered CPE status by UGC. New Deihi. In collaboratianwith

Department of Mathematics & IQAC Sant Gadge Baba Amravati Uníversity, Amravati

Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati &

Shri DrR.G.Rathod Science College, Murtizapur PRCIRA DA NARAT AN 1ODYA ARAVATL

Venuuc SSS.K R T1mai MatavidyilayaCaus. Karrja (Lac t isrst20|84 prmailcm Wcbite uww.sskrin1 arg ir Cotact No.07-2221482911


Asyubi lateras ponal latrdicipiaaryKeesch Jowaul (AIDu) SSN 2349 6)ts muca lacor 4.974 pecial las o 21

UCC Appval 5 Na b4)9 Wabahe www aiigmnd con Kaail 4. asgpmd4guaif cem

PHYTOCHEAIICAL ANALYSIS OF I.EAF AND STEA EXTRACTS OF SEVEN

BAMBOO SPECIES FROM AMRAVATI DISTRICT AiS).

L. P. Khalid, P. V. Pulate.

Depar tment of Bolany, Vidyablarati Mahavidyala ya, Anravati (MS). labaakhalidI80rmail com, pvpbot?005azedilimailcom

ABSTRACT

Bamdoo iz fast growng plant n the world In the prez ent sudy 1eon specie of bamboo planis wTe

saiocted for phorochemical studiod. solectod plant were Bambucabamboz Bambuznqtnis, Bambua

multipler. Bambusavulgaris, Bambisacacharsnsi, BambusalongipiculataamdDinochloaamdamanica

uantitatrv phytochemical analyz was raealod that tke prezont of phtocampound: iks alkaloid,

lavonond and saponin out of snen specie B. longupiculata contain high amount of aikaloid and

flavnaid in leaf 0.95mg and 021 mg and tem shoving 1 1 Smg and 0.24mg and :apon1n wa ocond

maqjor campoundin B. mulnpler, leaf having0. 7SmgandBambuzabambo: s1om zhoawing 0.58 mg :aponin.

Kry words Bamboospociez. pkytochemical :croening. quantnrarne maj :1

30 systemanc evluatiou has been carried our, soit

dfhul! to determine wbich of the identified

COmpound mght be among the prinary cttve

cOssuruents Bamboo fabic s a natral tertiale

INTRODUCTION

Bamboo 5 the longest gass a well a faster rOwing plant in the worid soe variene pows

at the rate of 5 cm per bour to 15 meters in a day Bamboo is the me of givea altogether 1575 species t of perennial evergreeu plzuts tha belongs to the sudfamly Bambuso:deae of the tue grass famly Poacese (Gramneae) Majar species of bamboo is found in Asia pacific ad

South America bur mucà less Africa Endia has abundant resources and spectes diversaty of

that has been owiag in populanty n rKenT

years both 1or its quzlity 3nd ir's erizomental

Fnendiinessln the present snudy we sele ted the sOme species

of bamboo becuse of their natire and medicmal

Se

ALATERIAL AND AE THODS:

1. Collection and identification of plaat mate Fresh plznt parts of Bamboo species were collected som the Banboo Garden locatedn Anravati region during the month of Jammary. The collected planr materials were idennifed by saleem siT forest officer of bamboo garden, Amrrvad ind irom the of bock of stndard lora such a

bamboo. ndia is a home for about 136 local aad al exonc species tiizt grow n3ur aly and under

cultivanonAbout 25% of bambo0 species of the world are found in Indis nd distributed widely in

almost all stases In Indian senano, worid ealth organizaion(WHO) estimates about 70-804a of Indiaus depand on iadian systes of mediciae ike uai, siddha 2nd 3yurveda Roos of this plant are used for preparabon of an ointent whxh is said p be a

folk remety for cirhosis and hard m015, pecially tumors of the abdormeru, liver, spleen aad stoTnarhBamboo extracts is widely used for

Bamboo's of ndia" by Dr. Shitalak shui aad Bambuseae of British Indis" by Gmble(old) Fresh plant parts were washed, shade dried aDd then fine powder fomed by using grinder and stored m ugh: bolefor phytochemical quantificaion analyvi2 Crnde quantihcation of the phytoconstitaeatsThe crude quantfic ation of majar phytocbemicalswere done by using precipitation method Each sampleswere analyzed in tniplicates hke alkaloids, flavonoids and saponinphytocbemical anaysis were caned out in the present study

medical purposes Such

2ntiozidasantifungal and autimucrobial Barmioa is a versatle plant because it can be used

or Various life needs. Studies an bamboo leaves showed activary of bioacuve compound in the eaves with a main coatent of phenolcacid in the forn of flavo0oid that had antioxidants capabilities A unber of sudies of bamboo have yieldednformation abot the chemical consuiuents, but

najor

Pmougednygte Inemadtonal Corngercme on Hecent Trendi n Sctence d Tschnokogy CRTST 2018 28 PRNCIPAL

vIOYA BHARATI SRARAVDYALAYA AMRAVAT


Asyhi laternatoaal Iaterdisciplhaary Resesrth Jeura (AITRJ tSSN 234963it lzmart Pac tu 4.374 Spazial ls4 No. 2

CAgevnd S Nab42Y9 W'shaltc w srgunal con Enal ld. ipr snkdgaai coa

1) Alaloid 3) Sapoun: m of smple was weuphted un 250 ml beaker

and 200 ml 10 aetic acid in ethanol was added and covered to s1and tur about 4 hrs. Thus aas filerad and exact was concentrated using wale bath so 4 of orig1na! vohune Concentrated

Ammoniun bydrux1de was added drop w 1se to the exttact ll its camplete precipitabon The whole

solution was aliowed to settle and precpitate was collected and weizhed (ni

0 m of plant powder was taken m 200 ml 20 ethanol to make a suspenuon This suspension was heated for about 4 hrs over hot water bath with contaugus shmng The mixrure was fiered and

the residue was re-eracted with 200ml 20 Pthanol The combmed extract was recduced to 1/10 ef the onginl volumes The conc eatrate was taken into 250 ml separating funnel, to this

3dded 20 ml diethyl ether and shaken vigorously The aqueous layer was recovered while the ether layer was discarded This purification process was repeated for 2-3 times Then 60ml u-butanol was

2) Flavonoids 0 gm of saple was ertacted repeatediy in 100

l of S0a squeous methanol af room tenperature The wbole sohunoa was filtered through Whatan paper no 42 The filoate then ransfered to a Taable and evaporated to dryness over a water bath and wezhed

added to iL The combned soBution was then washed rwice with 10ml 5°o aqueous sodiun The remant was heated in a water bath for coplete ev aporati o and drned This dned conten: was calkulated as saponn perr entage in a saple

Table No.l: Quautitative Analysis for Alikalaid flavonoid and Saponin

A a oi dF aaa: d S 3 po n S. Name of Spei#s

Le a fStemL a fSte Le a fS em

Bambusa bambo: |1 07ng0.96mz|0.16mg|0 !7m? |0.21mg |0.88mg

Bamdu s d afin:0.29 mg0.S7mg 0.14mE.22g0.03 mg .1 mg

Bambu:a multipiex 9 96 mg 15mg 20mg|0 0Smg 0 78mg |0.59 mg

Bambusa vuigari: 097ng 0 92 ng 0.19 m0 21 mg |0 2lmg |0 72 m?|

ambuza cacharni1: 92m0 Sin 012m .1 9 mE 0 38mg 0.70 mg

Bambusa longizpiculata09Smg Smg |21 me0.24mg | 0 26mg |0 83 mg

Dinochioa andamanica 0.94mEI.26m G 18mg 0 19mg0 40mg 0 71

Fre

025 02

0.15 0.1

Le

Stem

tem

Proceehngs glanonal Congercnce an Recem! Trends Sctence ATechmolog KRIST 2018


AMRAVAT Scanned by CamScanner

ANyu:i latrraa boa zl later diccapiury Rezearch Journal (AIK.) SSON 23496iSs impact Fact 4 14 Spacial luu» No. 25

Apinod Å297 Wcd sie www airyournal coe Lad id arhm emosdaulcom

showed akaioid n leaf nd stem 097mg and

0.92mgand Bambusa mulnplex having 096mg and

I ISmg u leaf and stern After alkaloid, aponin

was secoud major secondary metabolites in

bamboo, leaf showed that 0.88mg followed by

B longrpC uiata 083ing n stemFavonoid

observed n hugh amount in Bambusaqyiniz0 22mg sten followrd by Bambuca mulnplez0 20rmg in leaf and Bamb:ca vulgar:0 21mg, but as copare

to the alialoid nd saponn the concentration of 02 af

stem

inenoid was less

DISCU SSION

Bamboo ii a large wood grasSes that belongs to

famly Poacese(Gramineie) Bamboo shoots are

Sed as agoodsoute ot dietry hber, low in fat and

calones tor human beinz in the present study of paytocheamalysis re 2aled that the present of

alkaloid .onoids and saponin n selected plant

speties the prsence ot tOUnarins. Cynogenc giytosides

3nd zeneral giyosides nearly all ndicatng the

Presence o sponLns

gr2 atouod, tannias and polyphenois sse

present be otber two species Saponm WS sCond nx)e: coponets observed n B bamboo

accordin to ecto her cse ot tier haemolytic propertes

tigure bo Copou

obsenved thit all the samples ndicated

Tae screeng ane.ys as10Ld oruer idennfy nous scc ezboute are apart som Bambuza

preseni selTTEd ensin precirano etbod 2e ana.is rerEled th praseno

alkaloids extracts Paytocheraliuatatve 223y5

seren sp-Ces fbarnboo pres The pby cheuca 1 7 10bo

shewed har the lez

aroac:d 3c saOD

s2poi

s3po s re idly toxc to

CONCLUSION

Ieeale a he let 1sh soute of alkslo out

oi seven peces bambsaiong.gaa hoR d

gh zour: of a.o:d D8m ea aud

11Smg 2 ste 21er thet mbu ui FT

From e y o: Bamboo species it cn be

Concluded tLat i0 paytochAmcals present n leat

ndster selected peies havng Teat O ITIDe or nmedicinal puposes

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Vjay unar Singi Falul Shula, Satish

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PRINCIPAL VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIGYALA

260 Faednyqthe Imu raaaul Coaference cn Reoent Trends es Sc1en Techlgy KCRTST 01 AlIRAVAI1.


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12 Shnukia, R. Sumit, G Sajal, S dwivedi, P. 2nd Mishra, A(2012) fedicinbal inportance

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18 Krishnaiah D T. Desi A Bouo and R

Sarbatty 2009 Studie: un paytocbermical

constituents of six Malayvian medicinai plants

1 Med Plants, Res 3() 67-72

19 Robinsoa TP, Van Bur den WC 1981

Formation of complexs between protein and

tXnnins scud Agic Food Chem;1 7

20 Bal M L Snghal P, Satya S, Nak SN. mnd

Kar 2012 A Barnboo shoot Preservatios for

ahaue ungts basiness potental and local

eComOuTyArevze

21 GYofie, C. Aara-Boasiao, n. a Daka

2014 Phyochemical con stinensb of the

leaves of thzee bammboo(Poacese)pecies in

Ghans Jounal of Pharmac ogaoty 3nd

Pbytocberistry 2(6) 34-38.

22 Pnce R 1ohe.ca L Fenaick GR 1987. The

cbemical and Biological sgnificanceof

sapoais ta foods nd foodingstuffs Crir Rev

Food Sci Nu, 26(1) 27135 WOVEN FABRIC 8Y HERBAL METHOD

14. Bock of Bamboos of Iadta by Dr

Shitallaksh1ei

15 Book of Bambuseae af Britsh Indis by

Gamble (old)

PRINCTAL VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA

AMRAVATI

Prsceeting 4he iseratknlCinferece Hecen hads n Seace &Tachadegr CRIST 0 261

77

1S8

MEGIS 2013B

UGC (CPE) and DST Sponsored International Conference on

Recent Trends in Science and Technology

20183 22-23 March, 2018

PROCEEDINGS

PRENCIPALVIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDNA' AYA

AMRAVAT

Organized by

Vidya Bharati Shaikshanik Mandal Amravati's

S.S.S.KR.InnaniMahavidyalayaKaranja (Lad), Dist. Washim (M.S) Reaccredited at level 'A' grade by NAAC (CGPA 3.24)

& Conferred CPE status by UGC,New Delhi.

In collaboration with Department of Mathematics & IQAC

Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati

Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati

&

Shri Dr.R.G.Rathod Science College, Murtizapur

Venue: S.S.S.KR. Innani Mahavidyalaya Campus, Karanja (Lad)

Email: [email protected] Website : www.ssskrimv.org.in Contact No.: 07256-222148/222171

S9 Aayushi International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (AlIRJ)

ISSN 2349-638x Impact Factor 4.574 Special Issue No. 25 UGC Approved Sr No.64259 Website www airjournal.com Email id:- [email protected]

INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY AND LISTENINGSKILL

V.P. Shekokar

Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Camp, Amravati. 444602.

ABSTRACT In this digital era using technology in teaching and learning English is not a novelhy. ICT is being used in teaching ad learning of languages. This is also proved very fruitful. The rapid development of multimedia and other technological devices and social media change the way of learning camd teaching languages in the worid today. Tradition methods have been replaced by the new adanced ICT tools. The four basic skills of the language. kistening, and reading writing and speaking is being teach and learn with the help of these technological devices. In this paper have tried to discuss the inmportant available resources on internet for improving listening skil.

(Facebook, skype and whatsapp) has

Key word: facebook, interne., ICT, mutimedia and techmoloR

INTRODUCTION Teaching English for communication began to play a significant role all over the world and the importance of teaching listening greater than before. The skill of listening when practiced appropriately. leads to the improvement of a person's capability to communicate efficiently.

It is really important to have good communicationskills in English language. English is one of the most essential languages in the world now. It has played key role in the process of knowledge explosion. Most of the students are eager to have a good communication skill in English. It is essential to teach English and develop English language skills for better earning and learning. Teaching English for communication began to play a significant role all over the world. and the importance of teaching listening increased. English language teaching and learning has become compulsory in our educational system. As the advent of Information Communication

ICT BASED RESOURCES FOR DEVELOPING LISTENING SKTLL

The Conventional classroom teaching and leaming can be replaced communication technology. Recently English language teaching and learning has undergone tremendous changes due to ICT. The use of Internet has brought many changes in teaching and leaming English. Language teachers should keepthemselves updated of the current trends among the student community and prepare them for the challenges of the future. Given the importance of listening in language learning and teaching it is crucial to give learners chance to develop and improve their listening skills. ICT is of enormous use in teaching and learning of English language. It provides teachers and students lots of creative and practical ideas to create a learmer-friendly

environment. Although "technology is not a

panacea that can replace language teachers and face-to-face classrooms, it is something that can be used to enhance language learning" (Sharma & Barrett, 2007). These resources provide highly motivational activities for the learners. Learners today have high hope when it comes to technology. One of the main characteristic of this technology) is that the

by new information

Technology in every field of life, English language teaching and learning is no exception. ICT is being used in English language teaching and learning widely. Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writingg are the basic skills of language. Listening had a significant place in second and foreign language learming. Studies conducted on listening in the field of second and foreign language learming revealed that listening is one of the most difficult skills for language learners (Goh, 2000; Guo &Wills, 2006). The best way to learm English is through listening. though considered a conventional method. In this paper 1 have tried to find out the importance of ICT while improvise listening skill. Due the rapid change in the technology, the traditional methods of teaching and learning English are also changing with the advent of the Information Communication

Technology.

PRINCIPALProrredingsof bhe InternaionalConference on Recenl Trende in Sciee & Technology KRIST 2/1DYA BHARATIMARAVIDYALAYA

AMRAVATL

60 Aayushi International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (AlIR)D ISSN 2349-638x Impact Factor 4.574 Specinl Issue No. 25 UGC Approved Sr.No.64259 Website t- www.aiirjournol.com Email ld:- uirjpramodiggmail.com learner can use it at his own place and time. It could give him/her chance to practicing listening regularly and become effective listener. Teachers and learners become independent learner as they can access authentic websites which provides lots of material for practicing listening. While they use material for listening, they could evaluate and select audio/video as per their requirement.

. BBC Podcasts http://www.bbc.co.uk/podcasts 2. ESL Listening: Podcasts

http://iteslj.org/links/ESL/Listening/Podcasts/ 3. English Feed

http://www.podcastdirectory.com/podcasts/75 38 4. ELT Podcast http://www.eltpodcast.com/ 5. Elementary Podcasts

http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/eleme ntary-podcasts6. Professional Podcasts

http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/profes sionals-podcasts 7. Splendid Speaking Podcasts

http://www.podcastdirectory.com/podcasts/21 609

THE WORLD WIDE WEB World Wide Web has become unavoicdable in teaching and learning of English with advent of the new technology. There are a number of websites on English language teaching and learning which may be used in a class room as well as outside the class. They help in improving one's speaking and listening skills. Number of Articles, Journals and newsletters are available on these websites. Audio and video lessons, television and radio broadcasts. including news and documentaries, and music videos are now at our fingertips through internet. There are numerous web sites specially dedicated to learning English as a second language. In addition to this, new generations of internet tools are available such as Skype, podcasts. online webcasts and live conferences etc. Moreover,

APPS AND ONLINE SOURCES ON SMART PHONES

Learners can also download apps on to their smart phones like British Council's Learn English Podcasts. The learners can listen to the audio files anytime and anywhere. These smart phones have many facilities such as MP3 player and video player. Smart Phones have many apps which allow the learner to learn English pronunciation from its most basic level. The Pronunciation App helps the student to study. practise and play with pronunciation wherever he/she is. This applicationprovides Interactive Plhonemic Charts for British English and American English. We can hear a sound, or tap and hold to hear the sound and an example word. The learner can explore the pronunciation fromn basic level to improve his accent and also has the recording facility where he can record his pronunciation and compare it with

the actual one. The learner can listen to any number of conversations.

social networks create multiple opportunities for authentic communication.

PODCASTS AND VIDEOS Podcasts are audio recordings which a user can subscribe to and download to his/her computer or portable listening device such as an MP3 player (Barber, 2007). Learners can download or listen online to the podcasts and videos on the smart phones at their leisure. Most of the audio files and podcasts are often accompanied by comprehensionexercises and transcripts. Depending on the level of the learner the teacher can assign activities also.

Podcasts are also becoming more popular with English learners, with the ability to listen anytime, anywhere, and English language podcasts are a great way to improve our listening skills. The most important benefits of online audio and video start with the range of material in terms of subject matter, accent of the speaker, and length. Video podcasts are also known as Vod casts or Pod Clips. Here are some important podcast web sites:

CONCLUSION

With the proper use of technology, learning can be made more active, motivating, and learner-centred,especially with such internet-based resources as audio-video, podcasts, and video clip tools. Listening is one of the most important skills in learning English as second language. There are numerous software available to improve the language learning skills.

PRIWCIPAL VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA

AMRAVATI.

83 Proceedings of the Internaional Conference on Recent irends in Science & Technolog ICRIST 2018

16

Auyushi Internatlonal Intertllaclpllnury Reueareh Journal (AlIRJ) ISSN 2349-638x Impnct Factor 4.574 Special lesue No. 25

UGC Approved Sr No 64259 Webslte 1- www aiurjournal com Email ldi [email protected]

REFERENCES

. Anderson, A. & Lynch, T. (2003). Listening. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

5. English Teaching Professional, Macmillan ublishe

6. Barrett, B., & Sharma, P. (2005). The

internet and Business English. Oxford: Summertown Publishing Ltd. Peterson, E. (2010). Internet-basedresources for developing listening, Studies n Self-Access Learning Journal, 1 (2).

8. 8. Hedge, P. 2000. Teaching and Learning in the Language Classroom.Oxford:

Oxford University Press.

2. 2. Goh, C. C. M. (2000). A cognitive perspective on language learners' listening comprehension problems. System, 28 (1), 55-75.

3. www.iallt.org/ialltjournal/the changing role of the teacher

4. www.on.wikipedia.org/wiki/communicativ _languageo_ teaching,


AMRAVATI.

84 Proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Trends in Science & Technolog ICRTST 2018

vOL -I

Revamping of

Academic Libraries for Next Generation

PRINCTPAL VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA

AMRAVATL.

Editors

Dr. Vinay B. Patil D. Chandrashekhar D. Wani Mr. Shirish A. Zope Mr SunilP. Patil

MUC A SsocIA LIBRARY Maharashtra University&

Callege Librarians Association

Considering the present scenario of the world in all aspects, it is expected the drastic changes in higher education particularly in India. Fortunately these

changes are being experiencing the academicians. Recently, Government of India

has published the draft of "The Higher Education Commission of India (Repeal of

University Grants Commission Act) Act 2018. It may consider one of the steps towards the revamping of the higher education in India. In these radical changes, librarians working in higher education have to find the space to alive themselves

along with their profession. Academic Libraries are playing a pivotal role in the institutes running in

higher education. In this digital as well as electronic era also we professionalscollectively have to set up libraries strongly as an integral part of the Teaching Learning process. It is a high time that we must think and consider the requirements and expectations of stack-holders of future generation from the libraries in higher education. In view of this, the Maharashtra University and College Librarians Association (MUCLA) in collaboration with Indian Library Association (LA), New Delhi has decided to provide the common academic platform for the library professionals to discuss these points in the form ofthis conference

The wants and needs of the users are also changing. Keeping in view all these developments our Maharashtra University and College Librarians Association invited the papers on the "Revamping of Academic Libraries for New Generation" publish in this book. We hope that the papers will prove as useful tool to the policy makers, researchers, librarians and students oflibraryscience

ISBN 978-93-88544-06-1 500/-

Atharva Publications

www.atharvapublications.com

PRINCIPAL VIDYA BHARATI NAHAVIDYALAYA

AMRAVATI

NOIAN U

the Role of Librarian in 21st Century

rary nent

Dr. Vishal Shekhavat

Librarian lers. ent,

Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati

Sues

As obal Abstract

Today. the walls of a librury are giving way to digital emvironments to establish the links with

information and virtual. Infornation is a valuable resource. The traditional libruries should be

tranxformed into hybrid libraries focused on providing infomation collected in the form of books and

electronic sources to survive and to meet the need of end users. This paper describes the role of

ibrarian in libraries, which have collection in form ofe- hooks, digital documents and various

databases and common access to the internet. Modern libraries are creating the society of knowledge.

The librarians are constantly open to amy changes in their field and eager to inmprove the ir skills and

knowledge.

zing

cate

ting and

lant

Introduction ring the Information Technology is rapidly changing the whole world and creating new challenges and

opportunitics. The Global changes particularly in digital environment/ 1CT have had an impact on the

functioning of libraries. The development in ICT has changed the user expectations from the libraries in

many ways. In this age of information, the LIS plays not only just an important learning supporting

function but the library itself is emerging as a site oflcarning sometimes more important than even the

class-room. The library and Information services of higher education institutions play a central role in

enhancing the quality of acadenicand research environment. The digital environment bas changed the

functions and duties of LIS Professionals; they are not only to extend assistance to users in searching

information in a place called library but also to provide services and instruction regardless of place, time

or format. Now librarian is an information provider. Website designer, Database developer, Services

provider. Collection developer, C'onsortia manager. Information consultant, content manager and so on.

Information Soceity The information age has arrived and modern society is commonly referred to as the "In formation

Society".Still, this term does not have a commonly accepted interpretation. Informationsociety is described

by the modern researchers as "the society in which the information is intensely used in economic, social,

cultural, and political life it is a society with abundant means ofcomnunicalion and of infornmation

processing. the society being the basis for serving as a major part of the national income and ensuring the

source of income for majority of the population.This in formation society, the popularity of the internet

and electronic mass media is spreading very fast. The use of internetande-resources created a new type

of society and the analog technology has been abandoned in favors ofdigital technology within a couple

of year. This new society is also referred to as the digital, Web, Internet or computer society. Information

is the most sought-afier and valuable merchandise in the society. It becomes indispensable for one social

and professionals' development to keep up with information constantly, to gain and use it in practice. due

to changes taking place in the modern world.

Changing Libraries

The user expects from the libraries to deliver high quality, comprehensive, user-friendly new

generation services. As the world advances, the library must also evolve and redesign their activities in

order to delíver highly quality, need b

today's library user. The concept oflibrary has been described by several dilferent terms such as automated

library. computerizedlibrary, digital library, electronic library, virtual library, library without walls and

internet library. Why Are Librarians For Change? The explosion of information, the movement away from the use of textbooks the increased concern

for learning styles. advances in instructional and information technologies, advocacy for cooperative

learning and collaborative teaching are factors that increase the complexity in planning for instruction. These factors bring a need for teamwork with a librarian. There is no one better able to bring about charge a librarian working in partnership with administration, stalT und students. Faculties have to attemto include curriculum integration, resources-based learning. new evaluation practices and technology

rian

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PRICTPAL Revamping of Acadenic Libraries for New GeneratioYADRARAJ I OAHAVIDYALAYA

AMRAVAT.

Conclusi ther daily teach1ng. Faculties cannot implement such ehanges without support comes through

cOoraIe processes. Librarians can conribute to this process by draw ing on knowledge and skills

nd m mplemening ubrary programs. They are in good position to nurture collaborative workng

Telatianships anong statt, across the grades and the curriculum.

What Should The 21 Century Librarian BelLike

century libraries heap new task upon a librarian. Modern librarians are crucial now for not only

their high level of expertise. but also for being able to associate with the modernindividualspersonality. A

entury lihrarian must be medern, with acquiring psychological, Praxcological. SOCial and prolessiona

capabiliies. A modernlibrarian is open to innovations and change. He She has an eager and interested

attitude towards solutions bocause of the fast-paced, constantly evolving nature of changes in libraries.

A makn librarian, can develop modernvharacteristics throughout ones professional career even atter

manyears of work. one does not nevd tobe yvung to be modem. A l1brarian must be aware oftechnological

developments and be proficient in new lechnologies. Librarians play a role of psychologists. because

they challenged tu distinguish the users need appropriately and help the user spccity them. A modern librarian should also be qual1fied in terms of sources of information and using them, not to mention

keeping up with constantly changing inlormation sources. A librarian should also be cquipped with

general knowledge. to enable him to be conversan1 in a multimedia subjects. The current modellibrarian's

university traning Is diroct towards improvement in the scope of scientifie in formation. Statl-improvement

and trainng Role of Librarian in Information Society

Technology is changing the nature of ibraries and librarians and it continues to exert a major intluence on the strategie dircction of libraries in society. Librarians arc importunt as a prolessional grOup and their role is not limited to passing bocks. Modern library stalî works towards winning new readers,

similar to commercial organizations winning eustomers. Readers may or may not to be aware of their information needs. The role oflibrarian consists in comforting the users inland supporting them so that

they can overcome their own fears about being in the library. The knowledge of psychology pertaining to

customer services is extremely important in the process of the librarian's in-service training.Librarians must be computer literate and knowledge about Internet to fully participate in the planning,

design and implementation of future library services. The way. librarian goes about their work and the

tools that they use have changed in thedecade. Today librarian plays many roles in order to accomplish these guais-as a teacher, as a curriculum leader, as a instructional leader, asa information specialist, as a

collaborator. Followings are roles of'librarian. 1. Information Specialist Librarianpossesses a unique knowledge of breadth and depth of

information resources in various subjects specialist. By facilitating access to infornnation finding it.

analyzing. synthesIZing and packing-librarians. would move to beginning of the infornmation production

cycle. play1ng a more substanlial role in the informalion creation possess?

Libraries bridge the digi librarian'srolel in the use and IT skills in ad acquired un ide

References Mishru, K

Patil, S.K.

Sadhana.

I.

Level Co

Sagre, G. Innovativ Schgal,R. Somvir an

55 ILAL

2. Knowledge Manager -The librarian should have following types of knowledge. Knowledge about the emerging library trends and technologies

Knowledge about library intformation sources. products and services.

Knowledgeabout where these sources stored and what is its use.

What is current usage of tlhese sources and how to increase its uses? Knowledge about users including teaching staflT and researcher and who is using their

information sources 3. Librarian in E-Trends The librarian purchases different iypes and varieties of electronics

publication. Taking in view their nature and characteristics and for all this library need the must have special skill which includes knowledge in the fields of computer. networking, digital sources, web sites

and organization of data. 4. Marketing Ofmecr - Librarian will have to bring the user and the information together which can

be successfully done by the marketing of information products and services. Today there are many ways to put marketing program by keeping on-line bulletin boards and displaying the new acquisition on the

internet. 5. InformationLiteracy and librarian -Information literacy is the ability to recognize the need for

information and to identify. locate. access. evaluate and cffectively use the information to address and

heip resolve personal. job related or broader social issucs and problems. 6. Librarian as a Manager - Libraries are the centers for infornmation. librarians should acquire

management skills, so that the interpersonal relationship should be maintained.

108| Atharva Publications

PRINCIPALVIOYA BHMRATI1

AMRAVATI HAVIDYALAYA

comes through wledge and skills borative working

Conclusion Libraries and librarian can play a critical role both in making their users information literate and

tridge the digital divide that exists at local, regional or national levels. In the changed environnent. the ibrarian 'srole has to shif from that of information locater to that of an information evaluator and instructor n the use and evaluation of in formation sources. Librarians are compelled to update their knowledge & skills in advanced IT environment. It implies the fact that man can only develop after have been Acquired an ideal education. In addition, it is the result of1T that the role of librarian was totally changed

I now for not only ualspersonality. A I and professional

ser and interested nges in libraries. career cven after

References Mishra. K.C.; 21 "Centrelibrary management,2004 (New Delhi, ESS ESSpublcation) Patil. S.K. and Deshp University and college librurianship in ndia in the 2 Century Ed by 2004 Sadhana. S. "Role of academie hbrarian in present scenario LIS Study Circle Conference paper Sixt1 Sate Levcl Con ference Amravati, 2007.p.37-39 Sagre. GiD. and Kamblc. A."Librarians Role and Task in the 21" Century":National Level ( onference on Innovative Best Practices in Library and infornation Science. 2009. Akola p.29s Sebgal.R.L. ; Inforimation Technology For Librarians. p.167 Somvir and Yadav, S. "Role of Librarian in the 21" Century" Library & In formation Science in the Digital Era. 55h ILA Library C'on ferenee Proceelings. Ncw Delhi. 2010. P.80-88.

e oftechnological

ologists. because them. A modern

1. not to mention e equipped with

modellibrarian's taft-improvement

to exert a major rofessional group ing new readers, be aware of their ting them so that

ogy pertaining to ning. e in the planning. Ieir work and the ler to accomplish n specialist, as a

Ith and depth of

1ation finding it, ation production


AMRAVATI

0 is using their

es of electronics d the must have Ources, web sites

gether which can eare many ways cquisition on the

nize the need for n to address and

should acquire

Revamping of Academie Libraries for New Gencration VOL - I 109

NE W MAN nternational Journal of Mult:disCIpinary Studies

A Refereed and Indexed Journal

SPECIAL ISSUE on the Occasion of

National Conference on Gender Isonomy: A Societai Onus-2018

(GISO-2018 19h April 2018


Organized by AMRAVATI.

Pratibha Women's Studies Center, Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya

OEN'S5 STuDIES

C.K. Naidu Marg, Camp, Amravati - 444602, Maharashtra, India.

Re-actredited with Grade 'A' by the NAAC (CGPA 3.26 Second Cycle) College with Potential for Eacellence (CPE) Status by the UGC Star College Status by the Department of Biotechnology, New Deiti Identified as 'Lead College' by S.G.B. Amravati University, Anavati

Website: www.vbmv.ac.in

19 09

HU

New Man htcatioinat Jonnal of Muludisplinary Sruic,

.Apin osed foual No. 48ROY

ISSN: 2348-1390 Impact Facto4321 0L

r4t.1 o Nec Of Hu

à -4 4 ovenn#nt Pol tes in Aeiatign ie Atlgrs

re Var ra 35 First Wonen Have fo fake iead for Gender (qualt

(or ota

(ed fe quaiy And it: fe? On Differert Secturs O1 oiety

Gerde nequaity 8 Women Pulitcot Porticopatron in Ind.a

9 How to Raise Kids wtio will Brlieve in Gen der Fqual ty Sacin Dete

Attitude 0t Pre-Suivice Student Teachers Towards Rale Of Gende tguality n Upuringing Or Chtdren

Gerder inequality in the work plate

Roots 0f Gender inrquality And Their Expression In Soc.cty Toda

Oisceitnation Against Disab ities (Abieism)

Revealimg Gender Isongmy With Respect To Capacity. Dormestc

Chorcs And Domestic Violence

Gender Inequalty in Education

ngta B.rat

tM CTapai lng'e A1 DVaana Pati 42

Padm Pdiya

DSKPuide

Cr Dsarknade

Dr. SagarC Wankhade Gender inequality in family

Challenges In MeasuringWomen Potitical Participation Gender Inequality ln Indiarn Society

7 Dr NR Tnorat

48 Apurva R Raut

Suruta K Totade OS ulkarni

GB San:ape tAP. Ch:khaie

49 The Role Of Gender Equality In Upbringing Of Children

50 Gender Gap In Science And Technology Education In India

51 Impact Of Gender nequality In Education On Human Development

11 Chatra D Morey

2 Tikam

3S.N Kasturc Ku Sima tar: Kothalkar

M Ni Khobragade

Roots Of Gender Inequality And Their Expression In Society Today

2

Roots Of Gender Inequality And Their Expression In Society Today

Gender Inequality In Political System A Global Problem "Discrimination And Empowerment Of Women's And LGBT

3

4 Ehagrashr P Kamble

Roh.n Arunra o Ga dhare

55 Political Representation: Indian Family And Women Ms Luona P kralid

Dr P V. Pu'are

Dr Sab.r A!

Dr. v oha F Desrpance

D Sanay Shcgav DrLP Dongre

Prof. Pradhvna 0 eshram

Discrimination at Working Place

58 GC1der Inequality in the financial field

59 Rujneeti Mai Mahilaon Ki Stithi Ek Paridrushta

Shk shanotii Lingik Asamanta

Parivarik Hinsayachar

aryosthal Ani Stri Purush Asamanto

Stiyano-Suryodayahot Aahe Mahanubhavponthutil 5triya Striswotantryache Pratik

60

61

62 Dr Mina kherde

D Meenaksh: 5 Enandaxn ar

Drv RWanknede

Suta ShrAhende Sunuta Ingc (Narktede) Dwakar Bhioray fe?he

G4

Kagdavaril Adhikar Va Hagq Grnder intquality In Politics

endrr inequality In family Causes And Remedes Mahila Saks mikurnat Munvi tHokkanch: Prosangikta

Motlu Sokshoikornat Vishakhu Margdarshk latvanch

Prosangikt Kutunt Sornajkikarun Ani Stri-Purushmathl Blirdbhav

65

67

Ravindro Dattatrva gnkar

Sachun Bnatkar

Dr N R Verma 11 Srree Purusn Asuomnunta Kk ltenousik Vshioyshon

14 www.newmangubicata VOL. 5pecial ssue 4| April 2018

PRIHCIPAL vIDYA BMRATI MAHAYIDYAAAYA

AMRAVATL

New Man International Jouinaloi Mulidsciplinary Stutics

GC Approved Joiral No. 15E) gacd FacorASA

Gender Inequality in Fanily

Dr.D.S. Wankhade Depr.of Physical Edcation. An.ra vat

In ihis research pzpCr I would ike to demonsirale hat

2cnietng a grezier cyuality in terms of reconciliation oi

prefesionzi end lanily 1te require> policie that ntt en.

nTCCuce changes in labour markcl pettcrns. bi als

thin the pri'vale ph.ere of tamly. This is 1o ay. the

Tecorcep13:iizatica G omen's and In2us rtles canno

be achieved withou: the politicai ill desccnding from

above zd comnon social agrcement emanatir.g ron

Below. FuTLnCT 2long the papci. I am gong to coinplenent

the theor=l:tal 2rguments with some pract.cal exánpies

rom te Furopean contexi in ordes to discuss to what

edent izmily po.1CiCs enhance o dininish *guaiil

Accordr.2 t baly ad ews2 tre re. s

beteen taiiy ard suate hei tic t Cl 1 17 t

T aking thus crie1on as a yioa iea hu

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ould b ticrsGe Gniited s11.e hes ta. 74.e wuld

be considered as reglsgisie. Alog dei..r

0ld probabiy mst ikeiy CrespoG to the eiir 2ik

tTaditionl stciery tí indus:ria t tie #vat her

wiiners ad teretore. the tu) te

spiere. in tern gity he uis U1 reia

Dereen 1nen nd voe Icais2

instence. ghiighs the urqU) tiaronsiig bewta

wOnen a7d latrrur markct, S2 conted: hat wTi ar

only takC irto accoun' vhcn vtkiDg me that stay t homt as care o children h2ve tAe

recogn.zed as egitinate eibug tt ti t'tiisiT t t

50CiRty Ts r say the! de pie t izcf tten2z

participalion s the iaiouT afke ta-dEadiiy

during tihc lest 1% Cnly ycars. no cens.dc14biC di21gt 2

been ch1eved at 1he houschold leve. vhere .a71y af domesic task. including cleaning alid ciid retg

activitics. contir.ucs to be periori y wl, Trn {1ens

2002

Eeleer TCn and omen.

Towards Ne Ffaiily Demographic Changes Patterns One of numerous attributes oí the gos

irdustrial era could be desined in teins of leminist claims

32f

for gender cquality. indeed. wonen demands hae been

part of policy arena in most post- industrial couniries. As

individuals, women firstly demanded the derachmeni Írom

their traditiona! roles ot housewives. latcr on. dic to

dernographic changes such as low ertility, wonen s

issues becank one of the 1op priorities on poiiticai agenda. This time. however. women rec!aincd their right

no1 only as orkers. but also as mothers. This pal:tical

urn shou.dn'i be regarded as nostalgia for the inale bread-

winner mosfel. in cifcct. though conditions of labour

markel and economic hardship put wonen under pressure

In ierms oi making a trade- olt betwcen having a lamily

and pursuing a professional career. Subsequently, since a

arge proportion of women opted for stability-

employm.en! rather that precariousness - providing frec

care. the fertility rate has started dropping rapidly. Since

the scciety's icprOduction butiresses future tate's

economy. ii remains highiy qucstionable if national

policies, originally purported to tackle gender inequaiity. are noi more likely to be driven by politucal preoccupation of deleterious consequences of low ferility on

productivity. profitability and competilive nature of a

country. The fact that until today most of the politital cffort to cradicate gender equality concenträted on labour

market adjustnent rather than finding real answers in the

ore ol tiie probieni in family palierns confirms the

hypothesis of governments hypocrisy.

On a inilar not. Fiaser (1994 ies to deline ihe

post- industrial welfare Tegi threugh tuy mod:ls The

universal caregiver modcl (19>1:593) asues fie a

women as aulóioinos ndrviduais 4nd aims ettai he

gender equity through otcr gtaranee ti eu

opportunilies and cquat rcatment n tl.e labOur iiake

The otther ont (aregiver farry ode 14393

äins to reach gender cquity though spost ct

informal care and generou caregivT awacts. However. because both nodels are ia s01e spet

discriminating. they fail to aller the genakered OLdiíions of employient and reproduction atcd therefore. o espond O womeTn s demands. Fra:cr thus denus e1 gender

equity can only be achie ved through the distnarit leinent o

gender opposition betwect bresdw itning ard tare

giving' (Fraser. 1994:611j. In odut ward. hey ke t

achieving gender equit; in a postindnsiTial w:itzre tae

t0 nake wone1s Uurrent pattcrs the o. bid.

Fraser's universal carcgiver apprnath coniter: citcr

responsiblities as the alpha omega of persssient gender

incqualities of eument welfare »yttms

From the theoretical perspective : Althiough weliare regimes have bean nure or less suCcesstui in equalizing

men and women in the labour market. the fact that women still perform the bulk of domestic work givcs evidence abou! the ineifeetiveness of these policics in terms of gender equity In the theoretical ficld, scholar's positions

vOL. S| Special lssue 4 Aprii 2018 132 wwww.nevwmanout

PRINCIPALVIDYA BHARATI KMAHAOYALAYA

AMRAVATI

New Man International Joural of Multidisciplinary Sudies

(GC Approved Journal No. 1886)

ISSH: 2348-1390 Impact Factor:4321 (13F)

Peter McDonald (2002) suggests that in socielies where wonmen are treted as autononious individuals in

education and labour market, hut a inferior being in other social male - domnated institutions. they are more likely

to opt to not to have children this argument would

entorce his hyputhesis that low fertility rate in ndustrializcd counries is most probably due to a

persistent gender inequalities since the wonen

willingness to have children didn'i change. Surveys such as those conducted my McDonald have Fraser place the

issue of childeare at the centre of recent policy making

nlercst.

RefereaceS

.Uikupcdtu.cty

PRINCIPAL

VDYA BHMRATI BMAHAR7YAL AYA

ARAR AT

VOL. 5 Special Issue 4| April 2018 133 www.newmanpublication.com

VIDYABHARATI INTERNATIONALINTERDISCIPLINARY

RESEARCH JOURNAL www.viirj.org ISSN 2319-4979

PROCEEDINGS


SMART INDIA VISION 2020 SMART INDIA

VISION 2020 INNOVATIONS IN COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

MANAGEMENT AND COMMERCE

18 February 2017 Domonitization COMMERCE SECTION

Managing Tochnology& Innovations In Diferent

Flekds of Management e-Commerce Image Procoseing Rural Development &

Digital Village

Gs T Resources

Management Cloud &Grid Computing9

Network Securlty & Data Communicatlons3

Blg data

Oblect Orlented Tochonologies

PRINCIPAi VIDYA BHARATI MAHAMD"A' A

AHRAVAT

ORGANISED BY

VIDYABHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA, AMRAVATI REACCREDITED AT LEVEL 'A' BY NAAC (CGPA 3.26) AWARDED CPE STATUS BY UGC, NEW DELHI

MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING

www.vbmv.ac.in

CONTENTS

GOODS AND SERVICES TAX IN INDIA A POSITIVE REFORM FOR INDIRECT TAX SYSTEM

DEMONETIZATION-CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES |J.D Gupta

80 A. Laddia 215-218

2 218-221 222-224

EMERGENCE OF E-COMMERCE IN INDIA A STUDY ON IMPACT OF DEMONETIZATION ON E- G. S. Tiwarn

83 COMMERCE M.H Khupse 224-226 A STUDY ON APPLICATION OF SMART TECHNOLOGY

84 AND INNOVATIONS IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT H. B. Badwaik IN INDIAOPPORTUNITIES OF DEMONETISATION A STUDY OF CRYPTO CURRENCY CHANGING TRENDS IN ONILINE SHOPPING OF INDIAN CONSUMERS IMPACT OF GOODS AND SERVICES TAX ON INDIANECONOMY MOBILE COMPUTING & APPLICATIONS: ADVANTAGES

227-230 85

K.G. RajputP. Deshmukh

|231-232 232-234

86

87 S. Tidke 235-238

88 Md. M. Kazi and Md. S.U. Kazi 239-241

89 AND LIMITATIONS

ADVANTAGES -DiISADVANTAGES OF E-COMMERCE R.R. Rathod 241-244

90 M. N. Sharma 244-246 GOODS AND SERVICE TAX- CHALLENGES & 91 D.W. Nichit OPPORTUNITIES

IMPACT OF DEMONETISATION ON FDI RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND DIGITAL VILLAGES: A

CASE STUDY ON GROWTH OF RURAL BANKING SYSTEM IN THE RURAL AREAS OF NAGPUR

246-248 92 B. Kaur R. Oberoi 249-250 93

P. Gulhane 251-253

DISTRICTI PERSPECTIVE OF GST (GOODS AND SERVICE TAX) IN

INDIA |"DEMONETISATION": IMPACT ON INDIAN ECONOMY V. M. Gawai

94 J. D. Porey 253-255 95

255-257 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT CENTRE AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHERS-AN 96 S.K.Rodde 257-260 IMPACT STUDY ROLE OF ICT IN E-GOVERNANCE AND RURAL

97 A. Kamble and M. Gaikwad DEVELOPMENT RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND DIGITAL VILLAGE RURAL DEVELOPMENT & DIGITAL VILLAGE

J00 THE ADVANTAGES OF E- COMMERCE IN TODAY'S ERA R. R. Bhovte AN ANYALITICAL STUDY OF TRIBAL'S POVERTY IN

RURAL INDIA FUTURE OF E-COMMERCE IN INDIA

E-COMMERCE

260-262

R. B. Tembhurne

A. D. Bhosale 262-263 263-265

265-267

99

101 G. M. Khekale 267-269

102 H.S. Wadhone 269-270

103 COMPUTER ASSISTED TEACHING TECHNIQUES R.M.Patil 271-272 273-274

DIGITAL INNOVATIONS AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE 104 V.P.Shekokar

TEACHING 105 PROSPECT OF E-COMMERCE IN INDIA-AN OVERVIEW P. G. Fating and V. P. Fating 274-276

GOODS AND SERVICE TAX: A BIG MOVE IN THE 106 R.L.Rathi and M.M.Gosav i 277-279INDIRECTTAX SYSTEM

DIGITAL INDIA PROGRAMME AND INVESTMENT AWARENESS: A CASE STUDY OF SHIMLA DISTRICT OF R.C. Garg 107 279-284

HIMACHAL PRADESH DEMONETISATION 2016: CHALLENGES AND

108 P. Mishra 284-287 OPPORTUNITY MANAGING TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATIONS IN

109 J. H. Lahoti 288-290 DIFFERENT FIELDS OF MANAGEMENT

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION I10 IN INDIAN PUBLIC SECTOR AND PRIVATE SECTOR A. Katiya 291-293

BANKS INNOVATION IN MANAGEMENT: KEY TO START A NEw

G. Sahu and V.M. Dandekar 294-296 BUSINESSE-RETAILING (MARKETING) REVILW OF INNOVATIONSIN ADVERTISING INDUSTRY AND EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN

INDIA 12 A. Purohit 297-298

PRACTAL VIDYA BHARATI IAAHVIDYALAYA

AMAAT

ISSN 2319-4979

habharari Intern.ational Interdisciplin.arn Research Jounal (Spccial IProcceding Issuc)

Crore. Aier the denonetisation Ciot bane lor An crease 1 transpiraney Ials) ikely t0

TOVe attracttiveness lor ToreigN nvestots.

2)Jandhan Yojana Account holders of Jandhan yojana eredited surprisely Rs. 87000

withdrawal the amount lrom this icconnt

3) Collcction of tax will be inerease on Uie neNI

ycar, 2017-18.

References

.ily newspaper, Sakal (Marathi) 30 Dec. 16, 03 Jan.

Pg. 3, Vidharbha Pg. No. 16

S.S. Report -2004

Economic survey Report,

Indan express. Did: 21 Jan. 2017 Pg. No. 7

www.insightsonindia.com

** *

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVEI.OPMENT CENTRE AND PROFESSIONAL

DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHERS-AN IMPACT STUDY

S.K.Rodde Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati.

but also counseling, developing critical and innovative thinking, research, consultancy and extension of work. preparing instructional materials with the aid of cducation and information technologies and use of modern methods of management of the educational institutions.

Introduction indian Higher Education system has grown significantly over the last six decades since independence. In the present scenario, the important role of the teachers as catalyst agent has become more critical. In the context of rapid changes, it is imperative that teachers must update thcir knowledge and skills and be conversant ith the latest developments in the ficld. The Professional Development of Teachers implies his rowth in knowledge of his subject, in pedagogy and training techniques. No profession can grow unless its mcmbers are prepared to grow professionally and are prepared to undergo sacrifices. The Higher Education System is expected to provide adequate skilled human

resources cquipped with the knowledge and technical

k1lls to cater to the fast growing conomy. India, being the country with the youngest population, would be able to create a larger growing labour force which is

xpected to deliver greater gains in terms of growth and

prosperity. The Cenural Government has been making suitable policy decisions to take advantage of this situation and to create access for the eligible youth from all social backgrounds to have the necessary education

in diverse ficlds.

The National policy on Education 1986 is primarily aimed at making education as a realistic instrunent of socio-cconomic development of both the individuals and the socicty. In this context, staff development and training play a very crucial role. The University Grant Commission has introduced Academic staff colleges in various states of India to orient and relresh the subject knowledge of teachers and to improve their teaching skills in particular subject. Academie Staff Colleges (ASCs) have in the ycar 2015 been renamed as Human Resource Development Centres (HRDCs). The main aim of the scheme is to maintain high standard of teaching in Universities and Colleges. At the fîrst phase, the UGC has identified 48

universities to set up Human Resource Develop1ment Centres to organize orientation and refresher courses for

newly appointed tcachers of colleges/universities in 2009 this number has already increased to 66 whichhave greatly helped in the professional devclopment of teachers all over the country. The rapid expansion of Higher Education system has

considerable impact on the quality of education. One of ihe most important issucs impacting is Teachers

Quality". n the present day context, teachers have to play an enable role in the development of the student.

This involves not only imparting knowledge and skills.

Research Methodology

In this study 100 teachers' male and female who had

attended the Refresher Course in Commerce discipline organized by UGC Human Resource Development

Proceedings of Natinmal Conference on Smart India V'ision 2020- Innovations in Computer Applicgions, Management and Commerce

257

PRiTPAL VIDYA BHARATI AHJEDYALAPA

AARAVAI

idvabh:ar.ati lutern.ational Interdisciplinary Rescarch Journal (Special Procecding Issue) ISSN 2319-4979 entres. Sanm Gadge Baha AmavatnUniversity. Amravati Were laken ln order to sludy the mmpact of professional development of lcachers a hree pomt scale 1.C. yCs VCry usctul. usetul. not uetul Mas drawn by the Beside this 9"o of the partieipants opined ol that ili.

Tesearcher based on course component of Retresher Course. The questiuonnane was prepared after study ing the existing components of Retresher Course which is being followed unifomly as per the guidelines of the University Grant Commission. by all over the country.

the opiton ot that the ielresher couISes wer suCeesslul in devclopng prolesstonal allitudes a skills as a leacher.

Relresher Courses Were not successtul in impartin skills related to sludent management. S1o of the partieipants agreed that the Relresher Courses weT suceessful in improng then prolessonal awareness Most of the participants 57"a Were of ihe opinion that the interaction with persons lrom industry was not conducted in Refresher Courses. The participants agreed that Retresher Courses needed to incorporate topies related to cducation. society interface. soCiai coneems and national issues. In this regard 66% of the partieipants were of the opinion that the Refreshe Courses needed to incorporate topics relatcd t education. society interlace. social concerns and

Data Analysis and Interpretation Beng a qualitat1ve data. the researcheT has presented the primary data show in participants response only percentage questionnaire. The lindings and intepretation of the studies are as folloNs:

was caleulated obtained from the

In response to the objectives of Commerce Education 81% of the participants were of the opinion that the Refresher Courses in Comnmeree were relevant to the national issues in Commerce Refresher Courses.

objectives of Comneree Education. Refresher Courseswere relevant to the objectives of the Professional Development of Commerce teachers in the opinion of 79% participants, where as 21% participants do not agree. HRDCs were successtul in achieving theirobjectives as per 77% participants Topics covered in Refresher Courses were useful in opinion of 85o of the participants thhat the topics covered in Refresher Courses were very useful for the Conmmerce teachers. Morcover 84% participants w ere of the opinion that the changes should bc made in the stnicture of Refresher Courses

Most of the participants were satisfied with the methea of teaching, other than lecture method was to be covered in Commeree Refresher Courses. The seminar is the most common method of teaching followed in Refresher Courses. Another popular method is powr point prescntation. Whereas field VISits, grou discussion and workshop methods are used frequently Besides this most of the panicipants 79% agreed that Refreshe Courses could not improve tcacher communication skills. Morcover most of th. participants 77% were of the opinion that the RetiresheCourses in Commeree are taken seriously by the teacher participants for allaing knowledge and advan tcchnique in teachung but except some participants. 6N of the participants were of the opinion that theRefresher Courses were not suceesstul in developing their innovative ideas regarding teaching where as 32 participants were agreed in this regards. Teachers 59% were ot tlhe opmmon that the relresher courses have brought changes in their performance commerce teachers. 60% of the participants were of the opinion that the Relresher Courses m Commerce wers

successful in developing an academie culture. The Refresher Courses were successful in identifying and devcloping clfective style of teaching in view of 64

the participants. Regarding the Refresher Courses have

enhanced the professional commitment 82% of the

teachers participants have agreed that these courses a helpful in improving professional commitment. In tr opinion of maximum 65% number of the participar that they were able to make a proper choice of teach1ngmcthod of different topics on the basis of Refresh

Courses. Besides this 57% of the participants we"

according to the changing Scenario of Higher Education and teaching in global perspective. Regarding duration of course 68% of the participants opined that the three wecks duration of Refresher Courses is sufficient. Resource Persons invited for Refresher Courses 57 partieipants were of the opinion that they were satisticd with the quality of ResourcePersons and they were able to communicatc effectively and involved the participants during the session and most of the resource persons were able to satisfy the

queries raiscd by the participants. Moreover 83% of the participants were of the opinion that the Refresher Course were useful in improving their knowledge t1o

very high degrec and aecepted that course helped them In learning new techniques for the devclopment of

valucs and enabled them to hold their studcnts. Bcsides

this 54% of the participants were of the opinion that the

Refresher Courses did not so much help them in

Improving their teaching skills. Most of the participants

reported that retresher courses were successful in

developing professional attitudes & skills of a teacher in

Proccedugs of Nationai teinee On Smart lndia Vision 2020- Innovations in (Computer Applicatnty dugeuent and Commerce 258 P.

VIDYA BHAR TIA.13:Ai AlRAVTL

idabhar.ati lntern.iton.al lnterdisciplinan Rescarch Journal (Special Procceding 1>>un) ISS 2.319-4979

e opmon that Retresher C OUlses wCIe not so helptul 11 plannng. exeeuting daily teachng essons properly

d contidently. T he majority 53 0ol the parucipants

were of the opinion that Relresher Courses were not so

much successlul in preparng and using teachng ands

ffectively for Comneree teachers.

n response to the development and understanding the

stem and role of Higher Eiucation in this regard 54%

of the participants showed that the relresher courses

were successtul to some exlent in devcloping and

understanding the system and role of Higher Education.

Morcover 61% of the participants were of the opinion

that the Refresher Courses were sucecessful in knowing

and playing teachers role effectively. 53% of the

participants were of the opinion that the Refresher

Courses were successlul in inparting up-to-date subject

nowledge on some specific topics. According to 57%

of the participants that Refresher Courses were useful in

inculcating confidence and commitment towards their

profession as the Commerce tcachers. Regarding

Interaction with their pcers. seniors and experts 68% of

the participants were of the opined that Refresher

Courses were successtul in providing an opportunity to

the teacher participants.

participants were ol the opinion that Rcfresher Courses

were not so helpfiul to the participants for developing

the hidden talents of individual tcachers and use it for

Conclusion

The findings draw n Irom the dat obtained is that the

Hunan Resource Derelopment Centre> eTe successful

in chieving thei dministrative and non-cachng statl available in

Human Resource TDevclupment Centres is inadequate.

But still indicate a high level of salisfaction towards the

overall performance

Development Centres in imparting know ledge through

the Refresher Courses.

objectivC. he leachng

of the Human Resource

Suggestions

The Human Resource Development C entres should

have adequate teaching and non-teaching statf to

perform their responsibilities more efliciently and

satistactorily. The Refresher Courses should be made

compulsory afier every three years. The Refresher

Courses should be made compulsorily residential for all

the teacher participants of Commerce. The Refresher

Courses should contain field trips or ndustrial visits so

as to get practical knowledge of subject. Library

facilities and reading facilities of HRDC should be

improved with the addition of more new and latest

editions of books on various disciplines. There should

be well-cquipped compuler laboratories having

sufficient numbers of computer systems with internet

and wi-fi facilities at the Human Resource Development

Centres. Accommodation tacilities available at the

Moreover 59% of the

the benefit of the institutions. Beside this 64% of the

participants Communication Tcchnology and use of internet during

Refresher Courscs in Commerce were promoted to

some extcnt. In the opinion of 63% of the participants

that ficld trips during the Refresher Courses be

included. Most of the participants 53% reported that the

facility of frequent visits to library and provision for

1nternct browsing to search he latest relevant literature

IS not provided to the satisfactory extent. 76% of the

participants agrecd that they should stay togcther in

good accommodation for eflective interaction in

Refresher Courses.

Views that use of Infomation and Human Resource Development Centre should be

improved according to the recquirement and need of the

participants. Opportunities to the teacher participants

for interaction with their peers, seniors and experts

should be specially arranged for sharing their

experience. The scope of topic covered under Refresher

Courses should be wide so as lo include latest

developments and up-to-date knowledge in the field of

commerce. The irrelevant and outdated topies, which

are not useful to participants. should be avoided in

Refresher Courses. More auention should be given to

the quality of Resource Persons.

corporate scctors should be invited as Resource

Persons. Changes should be made in the syllabus of

Refresher Courses from time to time.

More people from

In opinion on aids gained from Commeree Refresher

Courscs, 79% of the participants were of the opinion

the use of power point prescntation skill was gained,

15% of the participants were ot the opinion

computcrizcd accounting skill was gaincd, while 17%

of the participants were of the opinion 'use of internet

as tcaching aid' was gaincd, 18% and 13% of the

participants were of the opinion 'using of case studies

and 'case problems and practical knowledge were

gaincd from Refresher Courses.

A satisfactory performance-evaluation system should be

developed participants at the cnd of the Refresher Course. More

attention should be given under the Refresher Courses

to develop the teachers innovative ideas regarding

tcaching. The Refresher Courses should coneentrate on

identitying and devcloping cflective style of teaching.

More attention should be pad to the development ot

for evaluating the perlformance of

Proceedings of National Confrence on Smart India lision 2020- nnovations in Compuler ApplicalionyuKILement

and Comumerce

259

PRINCP2

VIDYA BIAR TI AMRA...

idyabharati International Interdisciplinary Rescarch Journal (Special Proceeding Issue) ISSN 2319-4979

tcachers regardng proper planning and execulng daily leachng lessons conlidently. More attention should be

gven regarding imparting up-to-date subjeet knowledge in the fields of Conmmerce and Trade.

Irom Industry under Relresher Courses im Commeree

There are ny lunction:al aspects of Commerc=

cducation which should be covered under Refresh- Courses in Comerce 1ke knowWing the prevailng

practices, the functional arcas of commerce. cxamining

the relationship between various aspects, help

acquirng insights nto lunctioning of business systems

generaing interesls n cconomic system, uilizing the concept of decision-1making and preparing a potentiall-

compctent graduate

Use of new ICT like lnfomation Retrieval not only lor

TCsearch bul also for Classroom teaching should be

provided under Refresher Courses. More concentration should be given under the Refresher Courses to

ICT-based lcaching aids preparng cffectively. There should be an Interaction with persons

and using

References

Behera, S. (2009) Academie Staff Collcge: Ideas & issues. University News 47, 4, 10-15, Jan. 26. Chalam, K. S. (1999) Academic Staff Development in third world countries-cmerging quality issues University News, 37, 49, 9-13 December 6. Chalam. K.S. (2003) Assessing the quality of Academie Statf College in India: An evaluation. University News 39, 46. 1-4, Nov. 24.

Dass, B. C. & Giogoi, L. (2001) Orientation

Programmes of the Academic Staff Colleges in India:

An evaluation. University News 39, 46, 6-10, Nov. 12.

www.aiacer.net/cjournal/vol21209/15.%20Sucheta%20K

umari.pdf

*****

ROLE OF ICT IN E-GOVERNANCE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT

A. Kamble and M. Gaikwad G.S. Science, Arts & Commerce College. Khamgaon -444303

District Buldana.

ABSTRACT

Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) play a key role in edevelopmenn & Economic growth of Rur India. Political, Culural, Socio-economic Developmental & Behavioral decisions today rests on the ability to access gather, analyze and utilize Information and Knowledge. 1CT is the conduits that transmit information and knowleige to individual to widen their choices for Economic and social empowermen1.

In near fuure people will be carrying a handheld computer connected to the Weh to get the information ahout tng World at their fingertips. Government of ndia is having an ambitious objective of transforming the citize

goverment interaction at all levels to by the electronic mode (e-Governance) hy 2020 A successfiul 1CT applicution in e-Governance giving one-stop solutions for rurul community is the need of the ho

ICT is erafted to enable the Electronic Governance through wireless communication, thus it 's integrally interlink nd knited.

In this dircction rural c-Govenance applications implemented in the recent few ycars have bea demonstrating the importance of Information an Communication Technologies (ICT) in the concerna areas of rural development. Indeed, some of t schemesintroduced in rural India have improved

government services immenscly.

Introduction

India is a country of villages and to improve and sustain the overall prosperity, growth and development in the

global competitive regime, National E-governance plan (NEGP) secks to lay the foundation with various projects, starting from the grass-root levels, and provide mpetus for long-term e-governance within the country

9 roceedings of Nutiomal (Confereme on Smart India Vision 2020- Innovations in Computer Ap Tqnagement and Commerce

260

VIDYA BHARAI. AMRAA

VIDYABHARATI INTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARY

RESEARCH JOURNAL

www.virj.org ISSN 2319-4979

PROCEEDINGS


SMART INDIA VISION 2020- OMART INDIA VISION 2020- INNOVATIONS IN COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

MANAGEMENT AND COMMERCE

Demnilization 18"February 2017

COMMERCE SECTiON

-Comnerce Managing TechnologyY& Innovationg in Dterent

Fiekds ol Managemern

Image PTOCBISng

Rural Development & Digital Village

GS T Resources Management

Cloud &Grid Compuin9

Natwort Security& ala CommUcapo

BIg data

OrnentedTechonolog*

PRINCIPAL

F)YA BARAT AHAViDVA

ORGANISED BY:

VIDYABHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA,AMRAVATI

REACCREDITED AT LEVEL'A' BY NAAC (CGPA 3.26) &

AWARDED CPE STATUS BY UGC, NEW DELHI UMPUTING

www.vbmv.ac.in

INDEXED WITH ADVANCED SCIENCES ALRACED SCIEHeks

GERMANY

drataas Enzoiai tnacrdisoptiaay Reearch joam

al Spocial Fn ig

isa) SSN 2319-1979

Fa abhara iaterational interdisciplinagy ResearchJoumal (Special Poxeeding Issue) ISSN

23194979

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en

t o

f o

ther

ilag

s in

s v

ICin

it

To

Provide easier,.

faser an

d cheaper access to

urban markets for agrnicultural produce or other

markctable

comm

edidiesp

rod

ured

in surh

vila

gs

To

contribute

towards

social ap

ow

eie

nt

by

ngaging all secton

s of th

e ovmm

unity in the task

of villagr d

cvek

pacn

L

To

Create

and

su

stain

a cu

ltre af cooperativc

Inin

g for ins husive and a

pid

dav

eko

pn

ent

To

m

ake

villag

ers sm

at

by p

rov

idin

g digital

knowiedge

po

pu

laia

d an

d cred

it sh

ud

e aala

blk

fr ta

si

aa e

e d

gia

l in

gs ceativ

e wn

tirg m

iy

or

Concdusion

loval bistory e

tc.

canb

e sp

po

rtd ca the

Dig

ial v

ilkg

e n

cst V

LE

sh

le a

nd

à is z

ko

pre

sen

ted

aa

e D

V w

ob

site oo

etfe

io sty

ie Sm

art Villages are the n

ed

of the hour s dveiapm

eat is

need

ed

fo

rb

oth

nral

an

du

ban

ars

for

bette

r

livelitaod and

Infomatioa

technoogy iil

offereffertive

solution. T

here

are

successfu

l tchnokgics available, w

tichh

ave b

en

implem

ented in urbanareas

Thereis trem

endous pressureo

n uhan landscapes d

e

to m

igrato

n

of

ru

nl

peo

pie

fo

r Iv

elth

ao

d

Sm

art

Villsg

es

w1

ll o

t o

ny

red

uce th

is m

ign

tioa

bu

t a's

o

iTgate the population tlow from urban to

rural area

ICT

IT and G

IS are the unbreakable pillars to suppot ihe w

tole p

rocess o

f v~llage devekopm

ent. Sm

art village

Ned

for Digital V

+lages

Tte

vik

ge som

munitis

art litk p

ub

lis hav ing aty

ern

thin

g th

at th

*an

t arthin

them

sehes, a

d

aln

at d

ep

eaie

st

an

y o

reg

a raio

n

th

*tio

pm

oat p

roress, there w

iil te m

any ch

ng

es in the

dn

d a

nd

pp

ly

of

s as, s

rura

l pisan

pass th

rcagh

the prm

arss of ch

ang

r. At p

resc

a *

of tb

e mao

challess in In

du

s grow

ins pu

ltia R

efereoces caten

t is n i. s

te

co

no

m*

u

rsuits a

asg

sratn

an

s o

t th

e P

psb

in

s

do

ch

an

ge

an

d ao

ve.

Tis

ed

s to b

e rnen

ad

and

stal ra

rag

ed

through a

bale

nc b

etu

ra n

al s

ad

arb

ua q

un

lity o

t inte.T

he

Ccp

t

Dg

it lag

e *

l ak

iress

che

mu

ltspe

challenges fscnd for sustainable devcloysent of ru

a!

Inia

htp

:iivaw

.agriin

fa in'd

htp

olo

rg uk

htp

iww

w as

iam

iuT

or in

**

**

Wh

at is a Dig

ial Vilag

e?

A D

igl

Viag

e is

gax

abere a

amnunity

a sth

r e

s

doagh KT

3n

d D

igitalM

ed

a

Th

is a b

e frrn

ritii

be

peas E

II n

atu

re

of a

l th

ree. T

ais

can

b d

on

e

pet. dgm

i senes

ni

DEA

Spepers

GE

E,

oin

as {

cd

an

d e

w). a

nd

io (lateraet

A

Dig

ial

Villag

e" w

ill p

rvid

e

kn

gte

m

scal

*o

nam

r 2

d

cv

ro

neatal

weif

arc

aü

vty

fo

r

vd

ag

e co

mu

nity

w

ch

li

en

ab

le ad

cin

po

ur

enh

anced

p

rtcip

alrt in

oa

gv

em

an

e p

rox

eS

poanote eatrepreu

Dd

buik moe resilhent

co

mm

un

ites.

Af th

e ssm

e titie

. 3 "S

mart V

ilag

e w

ill

ensue pro

per sanitatan tacility, good ed

ualio

n, b

etie

r

istrastrucare, cican drinking w

aer, health

faciltie

ss

en

vir

on

men

t proiechoa, reso

urce u

se eficien

cy, w

aste

man

ag

em

en

t, ren

ew

ab

e e

nerg

y e

tc.

Th

ere

is

an

u

rgen

teed

fo

r d

es1

gn

ing

an

d d

ev

elo

pin

Sm

art

Vila

gt,

»h

ich

anw

in

dtp

en

den

t n

pro

vid

ng

the serv

ices an

d e

mp

ko

y m

en

i a

nd

et

well

co

nn

ecte

d to

the

rest

of

the

wo

rld

Base

d

on

v

ario

us

pro

yra

ms

un

derta

ken

ta

ken

b

y

Cen

tral

an

d

state

go

vem

men

ts

alongw

ith hrther

techaolog1cal initatives, Ihe sriat V

illage can

ach

iev

e S

MA

RT

infrastructure. S

MA

RT

sen

iee deiivery,

SM

AR

T

technology an

d in

no

vatio

n,

SMA

RT

institutions along

with optiinal

mobilization

ard

u

tsliz

atio

n o

f av

aila

ble

rso

urtes, ead

ing

to

faster and

more

inclusive growth. A

"Smart V

iilage wl

encompasS s

usta

stle

an

d nelusrve developm

ent o

all sections o

f th

e village c

om

nu

nity

, so

as they e

oy

a

hig

h s

tan

dard

of liv

ing

.

ne s

kls

an

d so

sbe D

igiia

l V

ikag

e aso

b

eco

sa

karg

n

y. A

t t's

sinp

lest a

Digital V

ilhg

e is

3 co n

ueb

se

Th

e

erm

*

villa

ge

need

co

t

appy o

2 a

tn

l vilage (zilhough

n m

any case does) b

u ta a chuste o

f vilages geogapircal arta or

gu

p of pañicpaats in a tow

n. On icessie there i5

ev

en

an

ex

amp

leo

f

a D

isital C

emetery

' A

D

igital

ilag

e b

eco

mes

a re

hic

le

for p

articipan

i le

d learning

wTeT hc ie

ests ot the eanIng c

om

nty

set the

ag

en

da

for

wa

th

e

En

.

Th

rs s

do

ic

ustn

g

Com

munity

Med

a

an

d

ion

ov

atr

ve

usC

o

t I,

PR

NeT

PA

L

VID

YA

B

HA

RA

TI M

AH

AV

ID

YA

LA

YA

AM

RA

VA

IT

Fare

ula

rly

op

en

so

urte

so

frw

ae

an

d

web

2

appiicafions T

he

actívity

is

nfo

mal and

wo

rksto

p

base

d.

Some

iech

nic

al

support is

required bat th

e

pro

cess

beco

mes

"lex

ib

le

rep

licatio

n. A

SSIStance ir

om

TC

i an

im

ateu

rs is

necd

ed

for thesc w

orkshops but w

e

aae als

o o

bserv

ed

p

eer leam

ing

takin

g p

lace in these

info

mal w

orkshops. It is a

lso

possible to in

tro

du

ce an

iem

en

t o

f c-learnin

g in

to th

e D

igital V

illage concept.

Prareed

ing

s iG

C S

po

rrore

d N

atio

nalC

org

erence o

n F

arrig

n D

irect Im

vestm

en

t Rela

ted

Gro

wth

of Iadian Eco

no

ny

(AN

CF

DI-2

01

7)

25

2

5 VIDYABHARATI

INTERNATIONALINTERDISCIPLINARY

RESEARCH JOURNAL

www.vir.org A979 ISSN 2319-4979

PROCEEDINGS National.Conference on

SMART INDIA VISION 2020 INNOVATIONS IN COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

MANAGEMENT AND COMMERCE 18 February 2017

SMART INDIA VISION 2020

Demonitizavion COMPUTER SCIENCE SECTION

e-commerce Managing Technology & Innovationa in Dierent

Flelds o Rural Developmen mage ProcaBsing (

Digital Village

KesourcesS Management Cloud & Grid

Computing

Notwork Security & Dats Communications

Eig data

Object Orlented Tochonokogles

PRINCIPALVIDYA BHARATI MAHAVDYAL

AtRAVAT.

ORGANISED BY: VIDYABHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA,AMRAVATI REACCREDITED AT LEVEL A'BY NAAC (CGPA 3.26)&

AWARDED CPE STATUS BY UGC, NEWDELHI

www.vbmv.ac.in

MOBILE CLOUD

INDENED WITH ADVANCED SCIENCES GMANY

CONTENTS

r. No. Title of Researeh Paper Page Author No.

|E - GOVERNANCE ADVANTAGES &

DISADVANTAGES & CHALLENGES FOR INDIA. THE IMPACT OF UsING INNOVATIVE COMPUTER

TECHNOLOGY ON SCIENCE TEACHING AND

STUDENTS ATTITUDE: A STUDY

P.B.Kharche 101-103

'S.Manish Jadhav And 's.Lakde 104-106

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SQL AND NOSQL 32

S.B. Sarvaiya 107-112 DATABASES SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES AND PRIVACY |'a. Patil And s.P.Deshpande 113-115

33 ISSUES:THE CHALLENGES OR CONTENTFACTORS BASED APPROACHES

34 EXTRACTION FROM WEB PAGE 'D.M. Kene And "P.R. Butey 115-119

ENERGY EFFICIENCY: A MAJOR ASPECT OF

ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR QUERY |PROCESSING IN MOBILE NETWORKS

36 BIG DATA 37 COMPUTER ASSISTED TEACHING TECHNIQUES

K.R. Patil,V.Patil,

V.M. Thakare,V. Tondre 35 119-123

A.S.KulkarniR.M.Patil_

123-126 126-127

DIGITAL INNOVATIONS AND ENGLISH

38 V.P.Shekokar 128-129

|LANGUAGE TEACHING RESEARCH ON SEMANTIC WEB MINING: A

39

'R. B. Ghayalkar And 2S. R. Sirsat

Amruta Uphade, Pratik Ingle,

's.E.Tayde

129-132

REVIEW CLOUD COMPUTING SECURITY ISSUES IN BIG 133-135

40 DATA

UNIVERSAL KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY FROM BIGSaurabh A Ghogare

DATA

135-140

Sachin E. Tayde, Dr.P.K.Butcy And

PDr.V.M.ThakareNarendra M. Jathe And 'Dr. Hemants.

IMPLEMENTATION OF MAPREDUCE ON MOBILE

2

40-144 CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT

WEB CONTENT MINING METHODS AND

APPLICATIONS FOR INFORMATION EXTRACTION Mahalle FROM ONLINE SHOPPING SITES ANALYTICAL STUDY OF KNOWLEDGE

MANAGEMENT STUDY OF RESTORATION TECHNIQUES ON

VARIOUS TYPES OF IMAGES

USING IMAGE PROCESSING

144-148

43

S.B.Bele 148-151

S. Deshmukh and U.S. Junghare 151-153

R.A. Palwekar MOBILE cOMPUTING AND APPLICATIONS

A6

154-157

158-161 A REVIEW OF AN AIRBORN INTERNET

47 ARCHITECTURE

R.S. Kale

162-164

AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM IN ANDROID

PHONES GRID COMPUTING AND CLOUD COMPUTING

F. Hussain P. Hussain

164-168 168-171

D. J. Jadhav

|A SURVEY ON WINDOWS AND LINUX

50 P. M.Kamble and M. R. Khan

COMPARISON |171-175 A REVIEW ON: NETWORK SECURITY AND

CRYPTOGRAPHIC ALGORITHMDESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AGE RANK

DETECTION A REVIEW

K.U. Dhulekar

175-177T. D. Wankhade and V.L. Agrawal

177-181 AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON CHALLENGES,

53 OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE OF E-COMMERCE K. S. Kulkami

|181-1 84

INDIAN REGIONAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE

ISYSTEM (IRNSS)

|T. S. Dhanokar

A SURVEY OF OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING |Md. A. S. Ahmad, Abdul U. A. Waheed |185-188

LANGUAGES and M. R. Khan |S. N. Joshi, B. Y. Chaudhari andA. D. 188-192 Adgokar A. S. Shaikh

COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF ROLE OF CLOUD

56 12-194 PRINCIPAL


AMRAVAT

COMPUTING IN EDUCATION 57 SNIFFERS

ti International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (Special Procceding Issue) Typically, network bandwidth is an important factor to consider whilc forming any network. However, as mcasuring bandwidth could bc difficult, in Hadoop, nctwork is represented as a trcc and distancc bctwccn nodes of this trec (number of hops) is considered as important factor in the formation of Hadoop cluster. Herc, distance between two nodes is cqual to sum of their distance to their closest common anccstor.

Nodes in diffcrent data centers Conclusion The availability of Big Data, low an hardware, and new information analylic software have produced a the history of data analysis. The coaves trends mcans that we have the capaboli3 analyze astonishing data sets qu cffcctively for the first time in

capabilities are neither theoretical represent a genuine leap forward opportunity to realize enormous cfficiency, productivity, revenue, and Age of Big Data is here, and revolutionary times if both business professionals continue to work togethe the promise.

Hadoop cluster consists of data center, the rack and the node which actually executes jobs. Here, data center consists of racks and rack consists of nodes. Nctwork bandwidth available to processes varies depending upon location of the processes. That is, bandwidth availablc becomes lesser as we go away from- Processes on the same nodc Different nodes on the same rack Nodes on different racks of the same data

center

*****

COMPUTER ASSISTED TEACHING TECHNIQUES R.M.Patil

Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati.

Computer-assisted teaching refers to the use of computer programs, multimedia, and computer-bascd activities by teachers in the classrooms. The teaching techniques are radically changing. As technology has become an integral part of our daily lives, the field offEducation could not possibly stay unaffected. Both computers and the nternet offer a wide range of activities that focus on different aspects of the objecttaught, including instructional videos, practice exerciscs and brainstorming tasks. These activities can be uscd either independently or in combination with traditional

teaching techniques. This way students are offered a

fully customized learning experience based on their

individual needs.

This interactive way of teaching appears to be more

appealing to students, as today's children grow up in

highly mechanized cnvironments and find technology

fascinating. Computer-based lessons give learners the

chancc to explore ideas in a fun and intriguing way.

Therefore, they are less prone to get bored during

classes and more likely to actively participate in the

activities taking place in the classroom.

Children, however, are not the

can bencfit from computer-assisted tcaching. Video

instruction and other interactive been introduced in university classes a These tools give students the opport closer, more detailed look into compl such as medical procedures or scientise is important to say that compuke substitute the presence of a teachar students and answer all of their ques computer activity is only as good as furthermore, a student's inability demands of a mechanized learning pro him to feel fustrated and left beb teacher's help. To conclude, computc can offer great benefits to both tcach Combined with traditional teaching optimize the results of the leaming pe lcarning an interesting and fun experien:

Strengths of Computer

Interactivity Interactivity is the most important computer. The user can have control e he/she becomes an active participat

type of students that

Proceedings of National Conference on Smart India Vision 2020- Innovations in Computer Applichionsanagsgme

PRINCIPAL 126

VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYAL AMRAVAT.

harati International Interdisciplinary Research Joural (Speciul Procecding Issuc) ISSN 2319-4979

proccss. It is also provide thc instant fccdback

the computer. It also helps to use students d teaching method.

Technology also plays very supportive role in

enhancing student's communication skills. Students can

enhancc both their written and oral communication skill

using tcchnology under the sound guidance of their

teachers. Computer technology has been a great hclp to

integrate teaching and learning and provides the students greater incentives. The use of audiotape is

essential in the oral skills class. For receptive skills

developmcnt, the tape player or podcasts are the easiest

way for students to listen to a variety of speakers ona

variety of topics in a variety of genres such as

dialogucs, interviews, lectures, stories, songs and

poems. Language Lab is invaluable for the promotion of

listening and speaking skills. It does many things that bencfit oral skills development better than the regular

not-tcch classroom. There are numerous apps to build

oral communication skills.

Multimedia the rapid growth of science and technology, the

multimedia technology in language teaching has a favorable context for reforming and exploring

language teaching models in the new age.

media is considered truly revolutionary for

ge teaching and learning. The use of multimedia

ssroom cannot be denied in the present

onal environment. In the present situation the

Cogy plays an important role in the life teachers

dents. Unlike the traditional classroom setting,

atimedia classroom setting has more facilities;, all ipments needed for teaching will be arrangcd the classroom. The print texts, video, audio,

and intermet is being effcctively used to tcaching and learming of the language. Using

film and other intermet as resources for studying sstudents with opportunities to gather

ation through stimuli that will stimulatc thcir

ations, engage their interest and introduce them raw material for analysis and interpretation of

language and context. Thus we can greatly

e their overall knowledge base, as well as their language and critical literacy skills, facilitating

performance in future courses. The grow has facilitated the growth of the English

nge. In this sense, computers are no longer the

Sive domain of a few individuals, but rather they ailable to everyone.

Improves Teaching Methods

Using computer technology in the language classrooms

improves teaching contents and makes the best of class time. It brcaks the teacher centered traditional teaching

method and improves the teaching methods. This technology goes beyond time and space so it creates more real life environment for English teaching. It

stimulates students' initiatives and economizes class

time, providing more information to the students.

Some Disadvantages of the Use Therc are many disadvantages of using multimedia technology in English language teaching. of the

Expensive The language learning programs start with expenses that are related to implementing new technologies in cducation. The expenses usually entail hardware, software, staffing and training for at lcast one networked computer laboratory where teachers and students can come and use it.

Advantages of the use

computers become more readily available to all

, it seems appropriate that the language tcachers

d integrate it into their lessons. The students are

Ounded by technology and this technology can

wide interesting and new approaches to language

ching and learning. The teachers of English can take

advantage of this technology to teach English as

ond language.

Lack of Communication between Students and Teachers

Though the use of multimedia technology in the language classrooms enhances the interest of the students through audio and video, it lacks interaction between tcachers and students. The English languageclassroom becomes a show case and the students are considered only as viewers rather than the active participants in the classroom.

Summing up

Motivation for learners

traditional teaching methods are unpopular in the

lish language classrooms. Computer technology video, audio, graphs, power point presentation, mation effects motivates the students to learn

glish quickly. The basic purpose of engaging computer technology in English language teaching and learning is to encourage students' motivation and learning interest in the English

Enhance Communication skills

ceedings of National Conference on Smart India Vision 2020- Innovutions in Computer Applications, Managemeendoomnefce 127

PRINCIPAL

VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYAL** AlMRAVAT.

dyabharati Intenational Interdisciplinary Rescarclh Journal (Special Procccding 1s5Ue) ISSN 2319-497 language. To be successful in this cndcavor, the language tcachers must create a favorable environment for English language teaching. 1t may be based on thec availability of infonnation and tcaching material. In

spile of language tcaching, it can be used cffectivcly in Engh language classrooms.

some disadvantages of this technology

References Joshi Ashvini. (2012) "Multimedia: A Technique in Teaching Process In the Classroom."C Motteram,Gay. "Introduction." Innovations in Learning Technologies for English Language Tcaching. Ed. Gary Motteram. London: British Council, 2013.

Kenncdy,Sean and Don Soifer. (2013) Technol Driven Innovations for Teaching English Leamcrs

****

DIGITAL INNOVATIONS AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING V.P.SHEKOKAR

Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati. 444 602.

role in the languagc learning and teaching process. is a technological aid for lcarning, it has a numbe advanced facilities that can help a student to lea language with proficicncy to communicate. Sciem advancements have produccd a number of innova products to assist the lcarning and teaching procs Innovative products such as digital multimedia com wireless headsets and microphones ctc are very us for students leaming language for communication. a very important tool for practicing and assessing specch in English language. lt also providc a fac which allows the student to listen to

Introduction English is the only language that has attracted many people around the world. The interest in the global trade, scientific resources available in English are the reasons responsible for worldwidc appcal in learning

English language. It can be said that English language has become an ideal language for communication in wider sense. English has becomnc a necessity today. The use of technology in language tcaching and lcarning students learn faster and casier than beforc. It is widely

accepted now that advances in information technology and new developments in learning scicncc provide. The computer technology has become a crucial part of the

educational information technologies as audio, vidco, mobilc technology and other applications are playing more significant roles in English language leaming and teaching. Computers and other devices are now playing very important role in teaching and learning of English

language. In this paper I have tried to examine the roles of digital innovations for English language tcaching and learming in classrooms.

pronunciation ,rcpeat and record the same, listen performance and compare with the model. It freedom to the lcarmer to learm at thcir own place does not necessarily require a teacher all the time.

system. Computcrs and advance

Computer Recent years have shown an explosion of interes using computer for language teaching and lcana With the advent of multimedia computing the ra computers in language learning and teaching has become an important issue through tout the w Computers are most popular Computcrs can play an important rolc in pro Icarners and teachers with valuable langu cxperienccs as they lcarn new language.

among stude Language Laboratory The English language has bccome csscntial for the ndian students who wish to prospcr in their carecrs anywhere in the world. Language learning is not the samc as 1earning any other subject. The four skills of Teading, writüng, listening and speaking have to be practiced. Thc language laboratory plays an important

Internet Learning English with the help of Internct is better classroom lcarning. It is vcry practical learn Eng

dongr of National Conference on Smart India Vision 2020-Innovations in Computer Applications, Manemend Commerce 128

PRINCIPAL VIDYA BHARATI MAKAVIDYSLAN

AMRAVA

VIDYABHARATI ENTERNATIONALINTERDISCIPLINARY


PROCEEDINGS National Conference on

SMART INDIA VISION 2020- SMART INDIA VISION 2020 INNOVATIONS IN COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

MANAGEMENT AND COMMERCE 18 February 2017 omonlitat COMMERCE SECTION

Menaging Tochnology Innovation in Dneren

Flelde.of Managemente 2-Commerce Image Processing Rural Development&

Digitai Village

Resources1

Management Coud &Grid Computing

Network Securty & Data Communlcattons

Big data

Objoct Orlented Techonologkes

PRRCpAL

ORGANISED BY VIDYABHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA, AMRAVATI

cOMPUTNG REACCREDITED AT LEVEL 'A' BY NAAc (CGPA 3.26) & AWARDED CPE STATUS BY UGC, NEW DELHI

www.vbmv.ac.in

FNDEXED WITH ADVANCED SCENCES

CONTENTS

GOODS ANI) SER\ I ES TAX IN INDIA - A POSITIVE

REFORM FOR INIIRECT TAX SYSTEM DEMONETIZA ION-CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES J.D.upta EMERGENCE OF E-COMMERCE IN INDIA A STUDY ON IMPACTOF DEMONETIZATION ON E

|A. Laddha 215-218 218-221 222-224 G. S. TIwar1

83 COMMERCE

M. H. Khupse 224-226

A STUDY ON APPLICATION OF SMART TECHNOLOGY

AND INNOVATIONS IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT |H. B. Badwaik

|IN INDIA4 84

227-230

K.G. Rajput P. Deshmukh

|231-232 232-234 85 OPPORTUNITIES OF DEMONETISATION

86 A STUDY OF CRYPTO CURRENCY CHANGING TRENDS IN ONLINE SHOPPING OF INDIAN

87 S. Tidke 235-238

CONSUMERS IMPACT OF GOODS AND SERVICES TAX ON INDIAN

88 Md. M. Kazi and Md. S.U. Kazi 239-241

ECONOMY MOBILE COMPUTING & APPLICATIONS: ADVANTAGES R.R. Rathod |241-244

89 AND LIMITATIONS 244-246

90 ADVANTAGES -DISADVANTAGES OF E-COMMERCE

GOODS AND SERVICE TAX- CHALLENGES&

M. N. Sharma

91 OPPORTUNITIES D. W. Nichit |246-248

249-250 IMPACT OF DEMONETISATION ON FDI RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND DIGITAL VILLAGES: A

92 B. Kaur R. Oberoi_

93 SYSTEM IN THE RURAL AREAS OF NAGPUR CASE STUDY ON GROWTH OF RURAL BANKINGG P.Gulhane 251-253

DISTRICT PERSPECTIVE OF GST (GOODS AND SERVICE TAX) IN 253-255

255-257 94 INDIA

J.D. Porey

95 "DEMONETISATION": IMPACT ON INDIAN ECONOMY |V. M. Gawai

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMEN

96

CENTRE AND

S.K.Rodde 257-260 PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHERS-AN

IMPACT STUÐY ROLE OF CT INE-GOVERNANCE AND RURAL A Kanble and M. Gaikw ad 260-262

97 DEVELOPMENT RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND DIGITAL VLAGE RURALDEVELOPMENT & DAGITAL VLLAGE

f00

IR B. Tembhume_ AD. Bhosale

262-263 263-265 265-267

THE ADVANTAGES0F E- COBMERCE EN TODAYSERA R.R. Bhovte

AN ANYALITKAL STUDY OF TRBALSPOVERTYN

RURAL NDIA G. M. Khekale 267-269

FUTURE OF E-COMMERCE IN NDIA

02 269-270 |H.S. Wadhone

R.M.Patil E-COMMERCE

103 COMPUTER ASSISTED TEACHING TECHNBQUES DIGITAL INNOVATIONS AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE

271-272

273-4 V.P.Shekokar 104

TEACHING PROSPECT OF E-COMMERCE N ENDIA-AN OVERVIEW P.G. Fating and '. P. Fann

105 GOODS AND SERVICE TAX: A BIG MOVE IN THE R. L. Rathi and LMGs -I79

106 INDIRECT TAX SYSTEM DIGITAL INDIA PROGRAMME AND INVESTMENT

AWARENESS: A CASE STUDY OF SHIMLA DISTRICT OF

HIMACHAL PRADESH DEMONETISATION 2016: CHALLENGES AND

R.C.Garg -284 107

P. Mishra 24287

108 OPPORTUNITY

MANAGING TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATIONS IN J. H. Laba 38-290

109 DIFFERENT FIELDS OF MANAGEMENT

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION

IN INDIAN PUBLIC SECTOR AND PRIVATE SECTOR

| BANKS INNOVATION IN MANAGEMENT: KEY TO STARTA NEW

A. Kau 291-293 10

Sat 294-296 G.

BUSINESS E-RETAILING (MARKETING)

|A REVIEW OF INNOVATIONS IN ADVERTISING

|INDUSTRY AND EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN

INDIA

297-298 112

IPAL FTI MAHAVIDYALAYNA

WRAVATL

Vidyabharati International Interdisciplinary Research Jourmal (Special Proccedling 1ssue)_ ISSN 2319-4979

DIGITAL INNOVATIONS AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING

V.P.Shekokar

Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati. 444 602.

freedom to the learner to learm at their own place and

does not necessarily require a teacher all the time. Introduction

English is the only language that has attracted many

people around the world. The interest in the global

trade, scientific resources available in English are the

reasons responsible for worldwide appeal in learning

English language. It can be said that English language

has become an ideal language for communication in

wider sense, English has become a necessity today. The

use of technology in language teaching and learning

students learn faster and casier than before. It is widely

accepted now that advances in information technology

and new developments in learning science provide. The

computer technology has become a crucial part of the

educational system.

information technologies as audio, video, mobile

technology and other applications are playing more

significant roles in English language leaming and

teaching. Computers and other devices are now playing

very important role in teaching and learning of English

language. In this paper I have tried to examine the roles

of digital innovations for English language teaching and

learning in classrooms.

Computer

Recent years have shown an explosion of interest in

using computer for language teaching and leaning.

With the advent of multimedia computing the role of

computers in language learning and teaching has now

become an important issue through tout the world.

Computers are most popular

Computers can play an important role in providing

learners

among students.

and teachers with valuable language

experiences as they learn new language.

Internet

ComputerTs and advance

Learning English with the help of Internet is better than

classroom learning. It is very practical learn English

online as it may be access at anywhere and anytinme. It

can expense and time of the learner as well as teachers.

Learning in this way exposes us to different English

concepts that are applied in real business operations. It

is also very interesting. The internet is a platform for

experiencing and presenting creative works such as

essays, poetry and stories. The internet makes it

possible for students to deal with a huge amount of

knowledge. Using internet can also enhance research

skills and cross cultural learming. For developing

listening and speaking activities with gradual and

incrcasing emphasis on reading and writing proves to be

helpful. It is advisable to take internet and use of

technology as it allows for a great number of

opportunities to communicate in English language.

Mobile technology

Language Laboratory

The English language has become essential for the

Indian students who wish to prosper in their careers

anywhere in the world. Language. lcaming is not the

same as learning any other subject. The four skills of

reading, writing, listening and speaking have to be

practiced. The language laboratory plays an important

role in the language learning and teaching process. As it

is a technological aid for learning, it has a number of

advanced facilities that can help a student to learn a

language with proficiency to communicate. Scientific

advancements have produced a number of innovative

products to assist the learning and teaching process.

Innovative products such as digital multimedia control,

wireless headsets and microphones etc are very useful

for students learning language for communication. It is

a very important tool for practicing and assessing one's

speech in English language. It also provide a facility

which allows thc student to listen to model

Mobile Phone Apps

Many recent studies have shown that mobile learning

can provide potential possibilities for foreign language

learners to practice language skills on their smart

mobile phones and tablet PC. A number of apps have

been created and used for English as Second language

learning. The app provides source to practice English

language: There are many mobile phones apps runs on

android phone or smart phones. Here are some

important apps for leaming English language. i. British Council apps- offer a huge choice for smart

phone

pronunciation ,repcat and record the same, listen their

pcrformance and compare with the model. It gives

Proceedings of National Conference on Smart India Vision 2020-Innovations in Con1puter Applications, Manggnent and Commerce

273


AMRAVATT.

Vidyabharati International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (5pecial Proceeding Issue)ISSS

ii. Two min English- contains more than two hundred two-minute video lessons on different topics.

ii. Duolingo - is a wonderful app that has just won the

Best education star-up award. iv. Real English- this apps offers a variety of apps at

different levels- business and conversation apps at

beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels.

of multimedia language teaching and learn promote students motivation and learmiE which can be a practical way to get them invcbw

language learning. During the process of a computer and other devices, students 2

dependent on their mother tongue, but will ber

to communicate with cach other. The use oda in teaching and learning English as a secoad will be further developed. with the excepaam

problems areas computer and other digital zm

can be used effectively in classrooms af

language with the proper knowledge on he

teachers.

Conclusion

Digital technology has countless benefits development in the use of computer and other digital devices and applications, like language laboratory, videos, podcasts, model listening lesson etc have

support the richness and quality of education both on

and off campus. It is true that one of the ultimate goals

The

References

Singhal, Meena, The Internet and Foreign Lanm Education: Benefits and Challenges, The Iniea

Journal, Vol.111,June 1997. Tribble,C(1996) Writing. Oxford: Oxford Uawer

Batson, W.0.(1998). Intermedia: A case s

innovation in higher education.

Barson,J.&debski,R. (1996), calling Back CALL.

Honolulu: university Hawaii.

Elbow P.(1973). Writing without teacher. London:

Oxford University. Richards, J. (2001) Approaches and Methods in

Language Teaching. Cambridge: CUP

udy of

Press. Motteram,G(2013) Innovations in leaming teci for English Language teaching, British Ca

*****

PROSPECT OFE-COMMERCE IN INDIA-AN OVERVIEW

P.G. Fating and V. P. Fating Yasoda Girls College of Arts, Commerce Nagpur

H.B.T Arts& Commerce College, Nagpur

Concepts and Definitions Introduction

Electronic commerce or e-commerce refers e as The E-commerce Industry in India has come a long way

since its carly days. The market has matured and new

players have entered the market space. n the present

dynamic scenario, e- commerce market in the B2C

space is growing in demand as well as in the array of

services. The transition to online purchasing from

traditional purchasing is takinga long time in the Indian

market. E commerce includes not only buying and

selling goods over Internet, but also various busincss

processes within individual organizations that support the goal. As with e- commerce, e-business (electronic

business) also has a number of different definitions and

is used in a number of different contexts.

range of online business activities for proaca services. It also pertains to "any form o hu transaction in which the parties interact elecaum

rather than by physical exchanges or direca contact." A more complete definition is: E-commc the use of electronic communications amd

information processing technology in b transactions to create, transformn, and

relationships for value crea+pn between o

organizations, and

individuals. betweihgganizaioS

PRINCIPAL


AMRAVAIT+.

Proceedings of National Conference on Smurt India Vision 2020-Innovations in Computer Applications, Management and Common

274

18(i7 (; (58 AP

'

ISSN-2321-211X

RESEARCH PROCESS inetnistiai journal uí the. ocial Researcii Foundativn

C-DESW 2017 Special lssue:Volume Nio. II Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal

interdisciplinary International Conference

of

Develapmeni. nyironment and Social Welfare: Issues and Chalienge

May-16-17. 2017 Pangkok. Thailand

(

Socia REGCAR FCouiNDATI

.

PRINCTPAL VIDYA BHARATI MAHAYIDYAAAVA

AMRAVATT.

112

Research Process 1SSN-2321-2 11N

TIC-DESW 2017 Special Issue: Volume No. I1, pp. 112-117

Social Research Foundation

Psyehologieal Consequences of Social Media on Coliegians

A. D. Chauhau Associate Professor Department of Sociology M. J. Choudhari Assistant Professor Department Political Scienee

Vidya Blharai Mahavidyalaya. Cumps. Amravati (MS)

The social uncd emotional developmeut of molern generation is beung

n2fluenced by the use of internet and cell phones. Due to sucial media, the world has

become u global viliage, hou ever, the physical distance has decreased bu the

psychological listunce is increcased. Svcial media has crealed a virtuaB reulity thut

leuls io Jelxok dejpr'ession whicli devetups when youngsters speitl tu greai heu: of

time on sociul nedia sites. C'onsequently iu begin to exhibits cdassie symptoms of

depressiduI and greater risk of sociai isolation, adjustment end inental health problems.

The siudy intended to find out gender differ ences in inipact uf suciul media. il alsu irivs

to find the difference in impaci of social media among youngsters studving varioOus

streanms. The sumple comprised of !62 (56 Mole and 106 femule) finai vear gruduates

tund first ear yost gruluale studenis Jronm Basic Science. Compuier Science, Phar macy

tnd Business Alninistr alon in Aravati cily of Mahareushira. Sucidi Media Disorder

Scule hy Regint, d.1 M. wus udnuinisier ed. A ille vuriut itii sras Juuni in the uveruge

S ures tU Rie Ttlern vi preoLe ujpiliun, tolerCe, Wihlr'woi, /ersisten e

lispluceunen, pr'vblems, decejption, escape cand cntiic. In telrlion to 1his, «mmount of

ime erysed to yoCial media wits also eusurecf Chi Squt'e &'st res inlts extatbuel non

sigificunB <difference in the innpact of secal media on maie and ferale students as well

us studenUs frum different study streum.

/Key words: Fucehook, depression. social media, social media disurder)

Introduelion Socil mncdia use is vne ol tlie must popular dclis ilies among today 's

younger generalion. Any web sile that ailows sUCial uteraction is known asa

social media. Sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Whats app, lnstagram etc. is a

virtual world. Such sites are used as a portal lor entertainment and

communication and have grown exponentially in recent years.

Engaging in various forms of social media is a routine activity that

research has slhown lo bencfii elhildren and adolescenis by enlncing

Cmunicalivn, SoCial c0nnection and evLn lechmical skills Socal and

eotional development of this generation be ing influenced by the use ol

PRITCTPAL

VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALAVA

AMRAVATI

113

inlernet and on cell phones (Gwenn Schurgin O'Keelfe & Katlhleen Clarke-

Pearsoy. 2011). However. children and adolescents are al suie risk as tney

navigale nd experimen n ith social media. The ultimate inipact of te

Cxcessive use of social media has lead to limited capacity for self regulation and

Stusceptibility to pcer pressure. Even it has increased knowledge and technical

gap between pareints and youngsters. Some parents use technology incredibly well and feel comfortable and capable with the programs and online venues tha their children and adolescents are using. Nevertheless, most of the parents find

il diflicult to relate to their digitaliy savvy youngsters online lur several reasons.

Psycihologiecal consequences of social media

ernet and social media is the necessary requirement ot modern

generation. It has a number of benefits. Social media sites allow teens to

accomplish many online tasks those are completed by the elder generatio

offline. Social activities like staying connected with members, making new friends, sharing pictures and exchanging ideas are

carried out by social media. The use of social media partieipation also can offer

acdolescenls deeper benelits that extend into their view of self and community. It

is usel t0 cnlance learning opportunities for students to accomplish honework

and group projects. It is also used to acvess health infornauon and il sersice*

Seetor. Infact ie list is unending. in spite of this, sociai media has several

disadvantages including eyber bullying, online harassment. sexing-sending and

receiving sexually explicit messages, photographs or images via cell phone or

other digilal nedia.

riends and famiiy

An adverse psyclhological consequence of social media addiction is a

new rena of rese:rch n social sciece. This ield is relatively young. with the

litst studies appearing after 2010 (Ryan, et al., 2014). in recent years, :he

addiction literature has extensively reflected cn the esistence of non-substanee related belhaviours such as internet addiction (Regina J. et al, 2016). The concept internet addictiou referred as compulsive or problematic use of internet multidimensional in ature and involves different forms of online behaviours (Moerkerh. Van den Eijnden. Vernmulst and Garretsen, 2009). Adolesuentsrapidly adopt new technologies and are most veluerable to possible negative inlluences of these new technologies (Valkenburg & Peter, 2011). There is growing evidence that compulsi've social media use is a growing mental healik

problem, particularly among adolescents using smart phones and internet (Van

Rooij and Schoenmakers, 2013). Excessive use of social media results in adverse psyclhological

consequences whieh is a major eoncern for parents, teachers and psychologists. Facebook depression is one of the nmajor psychological disadvantages of social Inedia t develops when youngsters spend a great deal of tinme on social media sites and then begin to exhibit classic symptoms of depression., anxiety. low selfesteem and social difficulties (Marilyn, et al. 2013). Such youngsters are greaier risk of soeial isolation and sometimes turn to risky internet sites and blogs for help tlhat may promote substance abuse, unsafe sexual practices, aggressive or


AMRAVAiT

Self ve a our n Schurgin O ee Irom metro cit :shae greater aivaintage to

d apps relatedI so.:il media. But the spced

ge students in 1alities and towns can get

.paper intend to stndy the psyehological collegians in nrati city ot Mabarashtra

& Ka n Clarke P'ea 13. ). Iilnca, si

1il v tochn

St that

Cr igh

Metdoloy Aim ie m un

C n leg ns. tudy is t10 exar ine cholo: Impact of

Obj 1ajoi bje ctiv study are ch iog ct of social me ia cr callege u1gsters.

psyehologie: i of social media O

iere Ces flering differ

Hy hese AsSning othu

ciologicai im ct y courses. rs are kept cons' nt

t gender differr ice:psyclhulorical impact lents.

soeial tedia amOng

hypolisi zed that u! ot e si

l psychologic. I in s:ial media on t sludy cours

ivction- The S cial Media 1Drder Seale

of 27 items wa use IS CO"Ised of nne

lerance, witli aa persisiiCy. escape. 1t and conflic dditio: this, time

assessed. The s alejuite r e and valid ct of social me ia lection- Total m COnir

raduates and fr t ypost grauiate students

7. basic SCienci O ier sciene, plharmacy e eale was adnmi stered on a gro:n of 15 to 20

r d Re 4 a 0) c

Prol Cein, dis eci

clog of 162 (56

acl mst atio

1 e btch in 11s interpretati results

the above tae t nca d standard female studei s c iine as'is of Svcial

vation of the bo tabie s isplacement id nllict e sludents

that male stu ntsenore p: ine to socia!

Consequences higr score

tal n case

Shol eans poor er r11.1 1he iena 1 etors botlh grou S are more or lSs Similar but

ocial iedia.

viation obtaine. byI cla groups on isorder Scale.

211

PRINCIPAL IA DHAR AT! AiVDYA

ARAVNt

Escap P1ol Dis ontliime

- 3.72

382 o I39 2

9 39 3 97

3 I57

TO.039.0 23 99 78 288 35

sessed addition s) 1ained by four assiied group sinows that all

cept BCA stu ents re more p.eoccupied to tudents are lo est I decei. In case of

Lur groups are i ar aut cloetthe average

are using so lia at on alternate

3S

28 3 92

CXped to t

st 11

S P

Ta lated by usine veresCen total scale

1nd four stud value

-95 7.815.01

Cie ucalei 1 ed by usii

ju . The values Or: ie reSpOnses

der variab!e. ie lic Square value It means tha' he ipact vt eial media on

Chi Square va ic cbtaned ier1our classif+ed

ievels whicl1 s ow Stud belonging to

inilar in the is S

Is15 n ar

edia aind ils

Idia plays an O t role i :|!ecting every l media is a n m th.. ngs people to

late and moiz t a c.tu-e and to seek

Ication barri linCi ecentralized 1ght albout m

nd dhe glet

Tiers. Howe

11

cOnect us

break down as a negalive

al reach has of trust and

owship, phy. laced on one

.alsuppOrt we

PRINCIPAL ViDYA BHARAT! MAHAV:DYAR

ANCRAVATI

physicai con preoccupieí e USe i ay and night.

to find gendei ditl:ences i e use of social iat there shou d be siilicant gender

Ict of social

dala it mea il buys i rls exhibited

juences tvl s al iia.

w as ielated llo

be significa ological 11erent study c urse This h thesis is also

uence of soci eit on

about similar Th n educated faniu, su y, due to the demnd of

d smart phon to h yo therefore the

ible. However Banmnk et al. 2014)) reported ntal health pr hl use excess!ve use S SO much tin i

n doing this. r itiha more of our n n

as cted he self

students. The

ea. was

pact of sociul

!Ch sho t nts belonging Sid Ccause in the

Ient, boys and and securily

ets 11er m

1igh have be

' re ineTeed

1networks real tionships with

put into the relationships.

ical problems

11n sharc ani de

ause enio

1CIs1S

psychologic dents offeri

t iing psyehol i

1 social media t

urses did not sed by social

social medii, 1ls are nio

itWesl n dec

the respOnde case ol time

1ey use social

imitai s mitations. Th 1131 1 1is male and ained, therei. ns were drawn V, number ol d hles were only

limited to the he sampie '1 Ons cannot b ,

PRikCIPAL VIDYA BHARATI JGHADY

AGRAVATL

5

SSN-2321-211X

RESEARCH PROCESS araternational Journal of the Social Research Foundation

IC-DESW 2017 Special Issue:Volume No. I

Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal

Interdisciplinary International Conference

on

Development, Environment and Social Welfare: Issues and Challenges May 16-17. 2017

Ve PRINCIPAL


AMRAVAIT.

SocTa RESEARCH FOUNDATION

55

Research Process ISSN-2321-211IX

IIC-DESW 2017 Specizl Issue: Volume No. I1, pp. 155-160 Social Research Foundation

You fell, I was pushed: A game of Zero-sum in reservation and

atrocities

S.D. Wakode Associate Professor, Department of Psychology. G. D. Bansod Assistant Professor, Department of Marathi, D. S. Rangacharya Assistant Professor.

Department of Economics Vidy à Bharati Maha Vidyalaya, Camp, Amravati (MS)

The main purpose of this investigation is to study lhe uttribulion error lowarus

reservation and alr ocities commitfed by reservation and open cast calegories n

Amruvati city of Mahurashira. in the present scenairiu there is a growing demund in the

4per caste coamunities for ihe reservalon under Other Buckward Comnuniies tund to

tbelinh ltn'ily au! or to introduce some amendmenls i t. However, the ower castle

commantics are against this demand. Five poit scale compr ised of ?8 itenis was used

The items were grouped in sx categories namely reservatiun, atrociy: Pregudicu

poverty, sociul distance und injustice. The responses to each item given by euch

community are almost extreme and opposite. Chi Square test on 1otal scale score as well as sub-scale score were found non sgnficun1 Thts lecding to an auribution error,

von felli ws pushesl" in other wor ds t is a game of zero sum' both communitues ure

ptuyung Key words: Reservilivn, ulrocies, tlepr'ivulon, chisuttvnoge, zero sum

Introduction

Recently in India, especially in Maharashtra, Gujrat and Haryana there

is a growing demand for OBC reservation among the Marathas, Patidars and

Jats respectively listoricaBly and traditiunaliy ihese are the politically and economicatly stuong communities. Their major oceupation is agriculture

However, in today's scenario due to the present agrarian crisIS these

cOmmuniines are facng ecoomic hardslhips. Sometimes the existing reservaion

pulicy is considered to be responsible for the injustice upon them. At the same

inme the castes availing reservations are not ready 10 acconmmodate the upper

class communities in OBC reservation. In other words, at mass social level this


AMRAVA

fZersm ob erved hroughout the verld in the form of castism,

ra eligicn'hat lea lo inc ease in stereope and prejudice.

T totZe-Su o nc Ze sum vas first deve d in ga:e theory proposecd

rO-SH1 rit a sit ation in whie a pruCip.ut's gan or loss is ATICiilS. It i5 so named

2n tie oi. 2211 of th: participants a aded up and the total losses

d. they sua to zt o. CIhess is a Xmple cl a zero-Sum game rylp yers t win. Zero-stitl s d Special case of a more

he beneliis and los to alh: pay ers Sum to the

by ne ed e ses C gains of oti

I On st of our activ ics relaious and mteraclions

lsl un iO levels

a the second. i -slid!e Culiures, the

D Omes more sensiti fepe attribure their

inn a chance .>

w5 sthed tlril ution error a /cTy-Sutn ilhe lcanings ai 11:nioi ed to others

ist eory ot atti las ICely describes

consistency. 1:1 l trnal Iactors dnd

ndis'1. cnswhi interpreting tr's behaviour erally commit erp:. ng others

nely, corre :

Cor sporndence dis stIons 1ath

p ticular ullu

Ctor observer ncy to explain

causes. This esterii cu!ture

an Ven el Peng. 1994)

f deto altribute r to situational

ou fell, I was te ial tactors t

aware oÍ the 0CCir bec

1ect r own veli

s el1our he t

:ware about the 11.

l servng bias, 1

ncgalive ones

rs that prolert

O 1 an gnitivC tac

d 1 12 2. 2CZnski ad

ch.a Dur 987) a ribuiion.

patlerns oi

.iribution and

hat producecd untable and

ir but 1 coi CommunIcale

B Dury a dabiit; lor

e gInen! :

PRINPL V:DYA BHARARI MAHAVIDYALYA

AMRAYATL

e of tes ndia n Indian iste and ie estera culture

t n & Sonmers VC rncis em than antu

0Iy Wu OC1al dis.

have replaced

tes and Blacks

SIm

the

Ccreasc ars However,

10w a bigger

Lm game tlhat

:iie

1 hites

tribution error this a

comtec M

eSCIVa ci and open cast

rashtia T the pape y al Uries towirds

dice deve ste calegories eac

iO nd opei poverty att 15

the I h C1N resryat categories 1actors re hypothesized GeS

uld not d1tler hotie a ol Ocities.

CVa 1) and open uld have equal

ol other

nd o responsibie to e

cach otheT opcl 'e A 14 of 28 ite

iiOn alrecit

1ect sensitse

mel about the

ianrsieicd

TUspondents the sIsted of 19

PRIMCIPAL VIDYA DHHARATI MAHAVIDYA" **

AMRAVATI

dins and stati ticaliterpretation hle Mean an i1ci by Resert Oup on various

f the Injustuce \rDcly

T02 2 94

910 95

13.7 MST 93

3

ble aud Dev1ation he

ste categOrles by ti i bser :li0 sub-s ale

S ts Iron total scUre us

simlar values.Otl 'uups ehi

der ata were treated

n orneaningul 1 n the following

quar est .1e hiSq1ar

Ch ia

2

at .0S level is ie for df . n te:i

cas of re the obtained

i for 01 icates that both

nly a SI1iIcant dr vords they held

reveal nore CNane te

. sC Pverty. sOCia! dimensions are fbg Valioi

ndusti t Chi Sqe

nlar nd

il nature. it is

nal ultinalely all sorts of

1Ce19 0CT S

it siituitoi 11es

quaght (01 ities "!1 ved castes and

111e I wer caste the

ies. OT nt tne die .! lan ainong

include he Cly

rocttydct 11iUles lo

gesiD S

PRINCIPAL VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALA'A

ARMRAVATI

59

ne patlern of

.1on and open achic : ulls tled hisJ

The st h sis w subje:t e 1 eac

rtN Idence

trocities. The

afier 68 years lowever, upper ie 'Dalits' are endence ti imber ol atrocIC

mmunties St thisact bec.aust

sadvantay hots belonging

of prejudice idence. The

act. tie secon

Statrgories t.

cach ihe

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PRNCIPAL 9AATI ANAVDYA **

A

AOJ Volume-1 ISSN 2395-0315

(Arts Oriented Journal) (Multi- Lingual Bi- Annual)

Special Issue for 20|S-2ol

UGC Sponsored 21

National Conference

On Role of Continuing Education Programes (CEP)

for the Professional Development of College Librarians in Information Age

5 October 2015

Organized by


AMRAVATTL.

Department of Library

MAHATMA JYOTIBA FULE MAHAVIDYALAYA, Amravati,Maharashtra,INDIA

AOJ ARTS ORIENTED JOURNAL

(Multi-Lingual Bi-Annual)

Editor Dr.Santoshrao Thakare

Principal, Mahatma Jyotiba Fule College, Amravati.(M.S.)India. 444607

Publisher Research Centre for Humanities

Mahatma Jyotiba Fule College,Amravati.(M.S.)India. 444607

Printer Raju Padar,

Mahatma Jyotiba Fule College Amravati.(M.S.)Jndia. 444607

Printed at Recho Resograph Machine

College Office,Amravati.(M.S.) India. 444 607

Cover Page Sudip LJawarkar

Clo. Vaishnavi Printers, Shankar Nagar, Amravati.

ISBN 978-81-931025-0-3 PRINEIPAL VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA

AMRAVATT.

Edition Special Issue For

Role of Continuing Education Programes (CEP) for the Professional

Development of College Librarians in Infomation Age

Price Rs. 200/-

E-Resources For Development of Academic Libraries in India

Dr. Vishalsingh Shekhawat, Librarian

Vidyabharti Mahavidyalaya Amravati

Abstract resources) to the users. Looking to the serious finarcial

The Paper discusses the modernization of scarcity in academic & rescarch libraries of India and

University and College Libraries in India taken place availability of e-resources, consortium based access

during the latter half of the last century. It gives an of c-resources was started now most of the Indian

account of the contribution of the University Grants libraries of universities and research institutes are rich

Commission in terms of Reports, conduct of seminars, in e-resources. Access of e-resources has also been

workshops, financial assistance for replenishing started up to college level in the university system

collections, constructing library buildings, upgrading through consortia. All the e-resources under the

library services by giving the training to library staff. consortiums are accessible through consortia website

The role of other national bodies like AIU, AICTE, or IP (Internet Protocol) based access by the concermed

NAAC and Library Networks also is described. The publishers. In some consortium, Informatics India Ltd

special features of 2 1st century academic libraries like

library software's retrospective conversion, and digital

is maintaining the access of e-resources through JCCC

(J-Gate Custom Content for Consortia). Maximum

library initiative are also discussed. utilization of consortia based e-resources is very

INTRODUCTION important for education, research & development of

In the modern era of information technology any country. Libraries are working with the aim that

and Internet, knowledge is most powerful asset of any the right information should reach to the right user a

country. Libraries have been played a key role in the right time in the right economical way. Consortium

education, research & development of developed as based access of e-resources is one of the most

well as developing countries through collection, economical way for accessing e-journals by Indian

preservation and communication of knowledge. India Libraries. In this system Indian library professionals

has one of the largest "Higher Education Systems" in have to play key role in maximum utilization of these

the world. From 20 Universities and 500 Colleges at e-resources.

the time of Independence, it now has more than 500 Development of University Libraries

Universities and 25,000 Colleges. Apart from these International body like UNESCO it has

educational institutions, many research institutions are certainly influenced the Governments of devekoping

working under CSIR (Council of Scientific and countries to promote and support the cause of

Industrial Rescarch). ICAR (Indian Council of University Libraries. Development of Acadermic

Agricultural Research), ICMR (Indian Council of Libraries the various library development schemes of

Medical Rescarch), DRDO (Defense Research and the UGC during last over fifty years ranging from

Development Organization), DST (Departnent of grants for infrastructural facilities along with those

Science & Technology) etc. for research and for good library collections, launching and

development in India. In the present digital implementing various activities and programme

environment, knowledge has been increased through INFLIBNET 1o the sanction of special grants

trenendously in various information sources. UGC

INFONET Digital Library Consortium " The Internet

for upgrading library facilities, have kept the academic

libraries in the country in shape and services. The

and electronic publishing have changed the role of

libraries all over the world in providing access of e-

efforts of national bodies like Association of Indian

Universities (AIU), Al lndia Council of Technical

Education (AICTE), National Asssit and resources (i.e. c-journals, e-books and other online e-

Role of CEP For Propessionat Development of college librarians lnformatiop XmCIPAL48 VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA

AMRAVATL

Accreditation Council (NACC), and some individual in the year 2004 by UGC through INFLIBNET

States and Universities too have contributed to this (Information & Library Network) for providing access

development in terms of formulation of some norns of e-resources to the Indian universities. All

and guidelines for their effective functioning. The universities covered under Section 128 of the UGC

Planning Commission and Professional Associations Act, 1956 are eligible to get access to e-resources

like ILA and lASLIC and State and Central through the Consortium. The consortium started

functioning in the year 2004. In 2009 'Associate Govenments have also their share in this development.

City and national level Library Networks too have Membership Programne has been launched by the

accelerated the pace of the development of academic consortium to enroll private universities and other

libraries in their own ways. institutions as members for accessing to e-resources

LIBRARY CONSORTIUMS IN INDIA at the same rates of subscription that are being offered

During the last decade, many consortiums to the core member universities. The consortium

have been emerged for providing access of e-resources subscribed to 26 full text publishers' e-resources and

to the users in Indian libraries. Presently most of the 10 bibliographic databases. These e-resources are

Indian libraries are covered in different consortiums managed by INFLIBNET. The National Steering

to provide the access of e-resources to their users. Committee of consortium allocates e-resources to the

INDEST-AICTE and UGC - INFONET Digital universities on the basis of various criteria like number

of post graduate and doctoral programs, number of Library Consortium are two large consortiums

covering most of the universities and technical depart1ments, subject area, research output, type of

university etc. Most of the e-resources are accessible

for simultaneous users without any limit to soive the education institutes in India.

INDEST

AICTE Consortium In the year 2003, problems regarding accessibility of e-resources.

Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) INFLIBNET Centre

has set-up the INDEST Consortium for providing Information and Library Network

access of electronic resources to leading scientific and (INFLIBNET) Centre is an autonomous

technical institutions of India i.e. Indian Institute of Interuniversity Centre of the University Grants

Technologies (IITs), Indian Institute of Managements Commission (UGC) of India. It is a major National

(IIMs), Indian Institute of Science (ISc) etc. The Programme initiated by the UGC in 1991 with ts head

consortium headquarters set-up at the lIIT, Delhi. The

MHRD provides fund for the core members of

quarters at Gujarat University Campus, Ahmadabad.

Initially started as a project under the IUCAA, it

consortium i.e. IISc, IITs, IIMs, IIITs (Indian Institute became an independent Inter- University Centre in

of Information Technology), NITs (National Institute 1996. INFLIBNET is involved in modernizing

university libraries in India and connecting them as

well as information centets in the country through a of Technology) and few other institutions. The

INDEST Consortium was re-named in the year 2005

nation-wide high speed data network using the state

of-art technoiogies for the optimum utilization of as INDEST-AICTE Consortium to provide the access

of e-resources to all AICTE affiliated institutions. The

consortium provides access to full text e-journals from information. INFLIBNET is set out to be a major

25 publishers and 9 bibliographic databases. The player in promoting scholarly communication among

consortium provides access of more than 12000 e- academicians and researchers in India. In the network

journals but the maximum of these e-resources are of INFLIBNET many services and activities are run

accessible to its core members. for the development of Indian higher education to the

UGC-INFONET each ncedy people of India. INFLIBNET fulfill the

Digital Library Consortium tt was launched objectives are made beginning af the establishment

Role of CEP For Propessional Development of college Iibrarians Inforktin Age 149


AMRAVATL

by the UGC and MHRD. It is good signal of provides access to e-resources to students, researchers

development of higher education in India and support and faculty from colleges and other beneficiary

institutions through server(s) installed at the to higher education in India.

Human Resource Development INFLIBNET Centre. The authorized users from

Human resource development process is very colleges can now access e-resources and download

important for the development of any country for its articles required by them directly from the publisher's

website once they are duly authenticated as authorized development of each area. Like that, INFLIBNET also

support to the institutions, colleges, and universities

to train their library staff under seminars, workshops,

Users through servers deployed at the INFLIBNET

Centre. Today near about 3214 libraries from all over

training courses, IRTPLA (INFLIBNET Regional

Training Program in Library Automation), CALIBER

India are members. N-LIST project the authorized

users from cligible colleges under section 2(Fy12(B)

of UGC Act 1956, can now access e-resources i.e and PLANNER programme every year. Many other

training programs are conducted collaboration of other more than 3100+ e-journals and 75,000 + e-books

institutions in India. If's very important programme directly from the publisher's website once they are

to development the libraries. Manpower is critical

factor for library effectiveness. It is necessary to train

duly authenticated as authorized users through servers

deployed at the INFLIBNET Centre.

library staff with all the knowledge, skills, and Shodhganga

capabilities needed to handle library operations in the This project is very important for the

new digital environment. researcher. Theses and dissertations are known to be

Open Source Software the rich and unique source of information, often the

Open source software are computer programs only source of research work that does not find its

in which the source code is made available to the way into various publication channels. Theses and

general public for uses modification from its original dissertations remain an un-tapped and under-utilized

design free of charge, i.e. open. There no. of open asset, Ieading to unnecessary duplication and repetition

source software are made available in the world. that, in effect, is the anti-theses of research and

Centre worked on open source software concern with wastage of huge resources, both human and financial.

the library and information science. Centre also Shodhganga stands for the reservoir of Indian

support to develop Institutional Repository. intellectual output stored in a repository hosted and

INFLIBNET centre also create electronic theses and maintained by the INFLIBNET Centre.

dissertations database for the researchers. It is fully References:

open to the readers all over the world. 1.Devi, P., & Singh, S. (2006). Role of UGC in

N-LIST Manpower Development in the field of Library and

The Project entitled "National Library and Information Science in India. Annals of Library and

Information Services Infrastructure for Scholarly Information Studies, 53 (September), 147.

Content (N-LIST)", being jointly executed by the 2.INFLIBNET. (2014). About us. Retrieved January

UGC-INFONET Digital Library Consortium, 27, 2014, from INFLIBNET: www.inflibnet.ac.in

INFLIBNET Centre and the INDEST-AICTE 3.INFONET. (2014). UGC-Infonet Digital Library

Consortium. Retrieved January 27, 2014, from UGC

INFONET: http://www.inflibnet.ac.in/econ/about.php Consortium, iIT Delhi provides for i) cross-

subscription to e-resources subscribed by the two

4.NLIST. (2014). National Libraryand Information

Services Infrastructure for Scholby Content (N Consortia, i.e. subseription to INDEST-AICTE

resources for universities and UGC-INFONET

LIST). Retrieved January 27, 2014sarN-LIST PRINCIPAL

htp://nlist.inflibnet.ac.DYA BHARATI MAM nAI MA resources for technical institutions; and ii) access to

selected e-resources to culleges. The N-LIST project

ALR **

Role of CEP For Propessional Development of college librarians lnformation Age 150

AOJ ISSN 239521

(Arts Oriented Journal) (Multi-LIngual Bi-Annual)

Special Issue for

UGC Sponsored 24)

National Seminar in English

On

Importance of English in the Era of Globalization

7h October 2015

Organized by

PRINCIPAL VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYAI AYA

AMRAVATI.

Department of English.

MAHAEMA YOTIBA FULE MAHAVIDYALAYA maravati,Maharashtra,INDIA.

9 Name of the Title ResearchScholar Page No.

The Use of Technology In Teaching English Language S. D.Morey 167

Meeting and ldentifying the need of English language .. Smita P. Mohod 169

Use of ICT in Learming English Language Pundlik S. Nalinde 172

Assit.Professor in English Bhagwan Baba College, Role of Technology and metacognition in second.

Ram P. Savanekar 174

R.S. Potukuchi 176

Efective Communication Rinku Vaijnath Rukke 180 2 English in Rural Areas: Few Reasons for poor performance S. B. Agrawal 182

reaching and Learning English in Vidarbha... Sandeep K. Thorat 185

English for better Career Opportunities Sachin H. Telkhade 188

English as the Language of Global Communication Sangramsinh S. Hajari 191

Importance of English In Business Communication Sanjay D. Patil 192

Deconstructing Gender - A Feminist Approach to.. Sanjay.S.Tamgadge Diaspora Syndrome: The Latest trend in English Literature Sanober Kahkeshan

195

196 The Abbreviated English Language of Text Messages ... Maholkar Santosh Govindrao 199

Rebel' is a New Trend in Contemporary Indian .. Satyendra B. Gadpayale 205

81 Pragmatics: A significant approach in language Shashikant Shinde 207

Dr. Madhuri Phule

82 Pros and Cons of Multimedia in English. Shitalbabu A.Tayade 210

Female quest for self- identity in Shashi .. Sunil Vishwanath Jadhao 214 84 Role of English in the Era of Globalization Usha PYaul 217

85 Contribution of R.C.Shukla for the development .. V. H. Hiware 220

English as the tool to unveil native culture V.M.Ambekar 224

Contribution of Indian English writers for the .. Vaishali D.Patankar, 227

Importance of English in Business Communication

Effective Communication skils- An Essential

New Trends In business Communication In English..

Varsha Thomas Thylammanal 229

89 Vijay D. Bhange 232

90 Vijay Rathod 234

91 Vocabulary Dcvelopment to Improve English Dr.Archana Bobade 236

92 Empowering English Language Teaching Through .. Dr. Sonali Rode 238

English as thelanguage. of Global Communication

Developing communication slaills and creating Job ..

The Role of Refresher Course in the Ptofessiona...

Impact of Regional-languageson English

English for Bcrer

93 Mr. Mohit S. Manni 240

94 Mr. Vijay M. Khadse, 241

95 Mr.V.P.Shekokar 243

6 Mr. Nishikant K. Kale 247

97 Opporunity Rohit H. Gajbhe 248

Manthan R. Gedam

Shubham R. Yadav 97 Social Media andEnglishLanguage in 21st Centary Dr.P.N.Sanesar

From 'English To Wonlatish 251 253 98 Dr. Pankaj D. More,

PRINCIPAL VIDYA BHARATI M AVIDYALAYA

AMRAVATI.

g3

is a fellow traveler in the exciting pursuit of A professional development program can

knowledge. succeed only through a long-term approach. Due to

According to V.G Vadhel, Preeti Shah, Margi the developments in communication information

Hathi(2009), "Teacher can perceive their syllabus technology, it has changed the field of education.

with new angles and put it before the students in such There is a explosion of knowledge because of the

an interesting way that the students may learn less rapid advances in computer technology. The role

teacher in this scenario is become very important. It is now essential for teacher of English Language and Literature to keep updated their subject knowledge The Professional Development of Teachers implies. his growth in knowledge of his subject, in pedagogy and training techniques, in his love for students and for his institution, in moral and ethical values and growth of his desire to give his best to the world of

learning and society, Accordingly, U.GC. formulated

the Acadermic Staff Refresher course for in service

teachers and established initially 48 Academic Staff Colleges in various Universities in 1987 which have

immensely helped in the professional growth of

teachers all over the country. But how far these

but acquire more. They can never think of missing the class, Story-telling method is proved to be very

effective in this regard."

According to Shefali R.Pandya(2009),

"Effective teaching involves more than the simple

transmission of information and includes motivating

students and creating a positive classroom

environment as well.

The present study was conducted to see the

role of Refresher course in the professional

development of teachers. The sample comprised of

200 teachers. Being a qualitative data, only percentage

(%) from the collected data, based on 3-point scale

developed by the investigator, was caleulated. The

findings clearly indicated a high level of satisfaction Refresher courses have been a great success? And

towards the importance of Refresher course in how far the designed goals have been achieved? A

imparting knowledge. There was a positive response such questions still need to answer. It was in this

context "The Role Refresher course in Professiona Development for English Teachers" had bec

conducted so that deterrents in the developmenls

teachers could be weeded out and suggestions co

be made to take remedial steps for desirab

by the teacher participants regarding improving

teaching and learning skill. There are some suggestions

were made to make the courses more meaningful.

rofessional Development-

Professional development today is not only

releted with teaching and subject knowledge. There improvement in refresher course.

Review of Literature is a great need for teachers to reflect on their current

Studies based on empirical work c

Academic Staff Colleges are very few. Studies

Dutta (2000), Joshi (2000), Dhawan (2000), Ta

(2000), Das and Gogio (2001), Jyoti (2001), Ke Mishra (2002), Jayanti(2006), Sharma and Jain (200

Pawar and Mouli (2008), Ramalingam{(2009), Bce (2009). But, still there is an immediate need tod

practices and adapt new knowledge and techniques

The reflection enables the teachers to acknowledge

what the teacher are learning and teaching. Reflective

practice can be a beneficial form of professional

development at UG level teaching. By gaining a better

understanding of their own indivicdual teaching styles

through reñcctive practice, teachers can improve their

classroom teaching. the impact of Refreshen courses condueted


AMRAVATL


Academic Staff Colleges on the professional Offer suggestion for improving the 8.

Development of English teachers. The present study performance of Refresher courses and Academic

sm attempt in this direction. staff colleges.

Academie Staff Colleges in Maharashtra RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In this project 200 teachers were selected Name of the University University of Mumbai. Savitribai Fule Pune University ,Pune.|1987 R.S.T.M Nagpur University.Nagpur. Dr.B.RAmbedkar Marathwada Uai.Auragabad S.GB. Amravati University.Amravati 2009

Year of Estab. 1987

for the study who bad attended the Refresher course

organized by UGC-Academic Staf Colleges.In order 1988

to study the impact on professional development of

1988 teachers, a three point scale questionnaire was

drafted. It is based on course component of refresher

These Academic Staff Colleges in courses. The questionnaire was developed after

Maharashtra organized Refresher courses for English carefully studying the existing model of refresher

teachers. Some the English teacher also attended course.

Refresher courses in Environmental Science and DATA INTERPRETATION:

Information communication technology. All these Being a qualitative data, only percentage (%)

courses are also very. much helpful for the from the collected data based on 3-point scale was

professional development of the teacher. calculated. The findings and interpretation of the

Objectives of Proposed Study studies summary is as follows:

1. To understand the importance of Academic In response to the information about

Staff Colleges in Maharashtra. professional development, the teacher participants

2 Assess the objectives of organizing refresher agreed that Refresher courses helped in understanding

courses in English and Languages important skills for professional development. In this

3. Collect information from teachers who have regard 87.12% teacher participants showed that

attended refresher courses organized by Academic Refresher courses helped acquiring necessary skills

Staff Colleges in Maharashtra and from other states. and techniques for professional development. Most

4 Assess the performance of Rcfresher of the teachers considered all the given objectives courses on the basis of fulfillment of objectives of valid at certain level in their priorities. In response to

refresher courses for English teachers with respect the items concerning with feelings about Refresher

the professional development of the teachers. courses, most of the participants (55%) felt

5. Assess the views of participants and changes enthusiastic to attend the Refresher courses. The

in their teaching skills.

6 Assess the role of Academic Staf Colleges

courses were taken seriously by 75.20% of teacher

participants. Most of the participants reported that

in developing the culture of Information and Academic Staff College helped them in personality communication technology, contiuous learning and development. When they were asked about the

self-improvement among English teachers. resource persons who came for delivering the lecture

they told that most of the resource persons were Assess the role of Academic Staff Colleges

a achieving the objectives of Higher education in according to their expectations and topics covered

PRINCIPAL VIDYA BHARAT MAHAVIDYA!

AMRAVATI

general and teacher training in particular. by them. They were of the view that the Refresherns Iportance of English in the Era of Globalization 245

course helped them in preparation of research work. Education

cONCLUSION University News, New Delhi Vol-47 Noo The findings clearly indicate a high level of

March 9-15,2009 satisfaction towards the over all performance of the Smt.Pratibha Devisingh Patil(2009)

fulfill Divcre

7. Academic Staff Colleges in imparting knowledge Education Empowers People through refresher courses. responsibilities. University News, New Delhi Vo sUGGESTIONS

47 No.29 July 20-26,2009 The finding of the present research revealed V.H. M ulimani(2 009 B.

that the Refresher course was highly acknowledged Dr.Radhakrishnan's VisiononEducation and appreciated. However, the findings of the rescarch University News, New Delhi Vol-47 No.35 Aug 3

suggested that there should be provision for internet Sep 06,2009 browsing to search the latest relevant topic. Academic VGVadhel, Preti Shah, Margi Hathi (200

Teacher: A Dynamic Innovator Since Ages. Univars

News, New Delhi Vol-47 No.35 Aug 31-Sep 06200

Shefali R.Pandya(2009)- A Study

9. Staff College should orient teachers in using new

infor mation and communication technology

Communication Technology; Innovate Techniques 10.

should form an integral component of Refresher Characteristics of Teachers.

University News, New Delhi Vol-47 No

Aug 31-Sep 06,2009 Vijaya Deshumkh(2009)- Refin

Educational Institutions to Build intercult

competence. University News, New Delhi ol

Course.

REFERENCES

. Rani Dhawan (2010): Impact of Academic 11.

Staff College's Programmes on Teachers and

Students. University News, New Delhi Vol

38(16)April 17,2000. No.35 Aug 31-Sep 06,2009

2 M.R.Shollapur (2007)- Industry Driven D.Muthamizh Vendan Murugavel (20 12.

Business Education: A Study on Exploring Industry's Multiple Roles of Teachers in Higher Educ

University News, New Delhi Vol47 No.33 A Reflections University News New Delhi Vol.45

No.42 Oct 15-21,2007 23,2009 . T.Vijaykumar (2009)- HRD for the Satrughna Behera,(2009),Academis

College: Ideas and Issues, University News

14. Jayanti Dutta (2010): Training Analysis of Newly Inducted Teachers in E

Education Institutes. University News, Ne

13.

development of higher education: University News,

New Delhi Vol-47 No.32 Aug 10-16,2009

4. Rupali U.Sankpal (2009)- Essential

Competencies for higher education

Practioner's in 21st century University News, New Vol-48(09) March 01-07,2000.

Delhi Vol47 No.25 June 22-28,2009 15 www.wikipedia.org/wiki/educätin www.ugc.ac.in

5. M.Pravez (2009)- Professional Devclopment 16. of teachers in higher education

University News, New Delhi Vol-47 No.32

PRINCIPAL VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYAI

n 10-16,2009

6. GSrinivas(2009)- New challenges in Higher AHRAVATI.


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INDEX

PAGE SR

PAPER TITLE NO

0EVELOPMENT OF COMMERCt IN MODERN ERA OVERVIEw Of COMMERCE TRENOS IN INOIA

Dr. Subhash ladhao DEVELOPMENI Of BANKING SECTOR IN INDA Dr. Prakash Deshmukh

PROFE SSIONAL DEVEL OPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCE FOR COMMERCE EOUCATION IHROUGH HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT CENTRE Dr.P.W.Kale &Mr.S.K.Rodde RE VIEW OF INDUSTRIAL GROWTH UNDER PLANNING STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATIO0NPooja S Chandak (Mohat a) THE SUSTAINABLE GROwTH AND DEVÉLOPMENT OF INDIAN AGRICULTURE

16 Anurag . Kale CORPORATE SECTOR BANKS & CRM APPROACH Dr. Sanjay Keshaorao Katait

19 AN ACCELERATING GROWTH OF E COMMERCE IN INDIA Bhagwan Saduji Gosavi ANALYTICAL STUDY OF E-COMMERCE &ITS PERS PECTIVES Prof. Girish N. Daga

33 COMMERCE EDUCATION IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE Kishor M. Akotkar

36 "NEED OF SKILL IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMY CONOITION Ku. Radhika A. Sonukale ,Ku. Shrushti N. Kesharwani & Ku. Roshani G. Nagdeote HARNESSING FUTURE IN AUTOMOBILE SECTOR: INDIAN STAKES SKY HIGH!" Dr.Hemant Bonde Patil "IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA; WITH REFERENCE TO FACEBOOK, TWITTER Darshan A. Khandarkar & Saurabh M. Bannore

39 11

42 12

13 PRINCIPLES OF BUSIN ESS MANAGEMENT: - WITH REFERENCE TO KAUTILYA ARTHSHASTRA ( AACHARYA CHANAKYA'S)." Ankit V. Wadurkar 4 MARKETING SKILLS IN RETAIL BANKING AND INSURANCE Dr.V.R.Gavhale

ECOMMERCE IN INDIA Dr.Jayant Prabhakar 8obde. "INTERFACE BETWEEN ECONOMY INDUSTRY AND COMPANY (E. EIC). Onkesh P. Khadekar & Ajinkya S. Rahatga onkar

15

59

17 HR IN SERVICE SECTOR: CHANGES AND CHALLANGES Mrs. A.P.Khandelwal

63

18 GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF INDIAN TOURISM INDUSTRY Satish G. Prasad 19 ROLE OF INDuSTRIES IN THE MAKE IN INDIA" 67 Mayur D. Raut & Harshal P. Kale

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IMPACT ON INDIAN ECONOMY Sagar P. Pawar, Kajal LKadu & Bhavana S.Sambhare. 21

78

ROLE OF COMMERCE IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Artu P. Patre

"HEALIHY FOOD CONSUMER PRODuCTS: HIGH TIMÉ FOR ESSENTIAL ACcoUNTABILITY

22

80 Dr.Hernant Bonde Patil PROBLEMS: MAHARASHTRA CO OPERATIVE SUGAR FACTORY Rutuja R. Ghurde & Vaishnavi S. Deshpande CO-OPERATIVE BANK NEEDS, ROLE AND IMPORTANCE Ruchita D. Thakare & Pooja D. Shyarusunder

23

83 24

9

PRINCHPAt VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYA

AMRAVATI

Internationa! sournal of Muhtidisciplinory Researeh (UMR) I5SN: 2277-9302

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCE FOR COMMERCE EDUCATION THROUGH HUMAN RESoURCE DEVELOPMENT CENTRE

Dr.P.W.Kale Mr.S.K.Rodde

Associate Professor& Assistant Professor

Vidyabharati Mahavidyalaya Head Faculty of Commerce Vidyabharati Mahavidyalaya Amravati. Amravati

Introduction

Human Resource Development Centre The Nationai Policy on Education (NPE} 1986 in its programme of action makes a pointed reference to the crucial link between teacher motivation and the quality of education. The NPE recognized the need for improving the status of the teacher and proposed to provide opportunities for professional and career

develop ment so that teachers may fulfill their role and responsibility within the system of higher education it was proposed to enhance their motivation skills and knowiedge through systematic orientation in specifc

subjects, techniques and methodologies, and thereby inculcate in them the right kind of values that would

in turn encourage them to take initiatives for innovative and reative work. It is also proposed to provide

skiled based education for the concept of make in India for the development of nation therefore the responsibility of human resource already involved has increased. The NPE SOUght to focus on the folowing

thrust areas, namely: Specially designed Orientation Programmes in Pedagogy. Educational Psychology and

Philosophy, and Social-economic and political concerns for all new entrants at the level of

teachers. Orientation and Refresher course for the serving teacher targeting to cover every teacher at east once in three to five year.

Specially designed 0rientation Programmes/Refresher Course in information and communication technoiogy for the new entrants as well as for the in-service teacher. Encouraging teachers to partiopate in serminars, syrmposia and workshops etc, to translate ts

objectives into a reality.

Keeping this in view, the Human Resource Developm ent Centers formerty called as Academic Staff Colleges were established in 1987 to equip the teachers with such knowiedge and expertise as can make them good and effective teachers in classroom situation and to sensitize them to the problems of polity, economy and environment. in the first phase 45 Human Resource

2velopment Centre (Academic Staff Coileges) were established curing Vlith Five Year Plan 1985- 90. In this number had already increased to 66 these Human Resource Development Centers are

distributed in 26 states of the India. The total number of new teachers undergone the trinung since inception of the ASC scheme is about 1, 04, 636 (Orientation course) and 2.57. 301 (Refresher courscs), where as the current teacher strength in higher cducation is about 5.00 lakh ater inclusion of privale coilege teachers also for the staff development programmes Thesc numbers are self-explanatory about the quantum of work for HRDCs to peTfom

Commerce Education:

Commerce education made its beginnings in India in 1886 with the establishment of the first commercial school in Madras by the trustee of Pacyappas charities. This branch of education reached an important milestone when the colleges or university level teaching of this subject was started in

Svdenham College of commerce and economics in Bombay in 1913. in due course, commerce education spread both at the school and university level. There was however no research in corm.merce

Vol. v, Isg 9 {/V), january 20166

PRINCIPAL VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALI&

AMRAVATL

CTaOnal JOur nal of Ultidistiplinary Reseorch fMR) ISSN: 2277-9302

during this period. But the growth during the forties and fifties was remarkable. Commerce education has now attained a position of preference over Arts. Till the beginning of fifties however conmerce education in most of the universities was limited to

B.Com and M.Com degrees only. Research was not the preference of the degree holders in this branch of education. This was partly due to the fact that the discipline was new and partly because research in

every branch of education had a position of lcw priority. But the fifties and the subsequent period saw

a very considerable increase in research effort. The Ph.D. degree became the aim of every university teacher and even some of the college teachers started making earnest effort in this direction. As a

consequence, the number of Ph.D, cegree holders in commer ce increased considera bly.

Importance of Commerce Education

Commerce is a branch of knowledge that deals with business, trade and other allied activities. The

word 'commerce' has a wide connotation. It includes different activities. Commerce education is composite faculty as compared to Arts and Scence. Both of them have well defined objects, education process and curriculum. In our present curriculum we study not only commerce but also Economics, law, Accountancy, Management and now a days Information technology aiso.

Commerce education aims at producing productive manpower and energy and skill, which controt all

other aspects of production. Our present education system not only produces productive manpower

but also makes available managerial skil.

Objectives of Proposed Study

I.To understand the Organization and management of HRDC. 2 Assess the objectives of organizing reiresher courses in commerce faculty. 3. Assess the performance of Refresher courses on the basis of fulfiliment of objectives of refresher

courses for commerce teachers with respect to training programme, course contents, and duration

of the programme and availability of competent resource person. Assess the role of HRDC in developing the culture of Informatíon and communication technology.

continuous learning and self-improvement among commerce teachers.

5. Assess the role of HRDC in achieving the objectives of Higher education in general and Commerce

educa tion in particular.

Research MethodologY In these study primary data had collected from 350 teachers who had attended the orientation

programme organized by UGC-Human Resource Development Centre's in Maharashtra were taken.

Besides these 120 teachers were taken who have attended the refresher course in Commerce

discipline. In order to study the impact on professional growth of teachers, a five point scale (Very

Much, Much, Less, Not at all, Undecided) was drafted and standardized by the investigator himself

based on course component of orientation programme and refresher course. The questionnaire was

developed after carefully studying the existing model of refresher courses for commerce teachers.

The secondary data had collected from direct information available in journals, various books,

magazines, websites etc.

HRD Needs in Education

Education itself aims at development of human resources. HRD in education means the human

resources involved in education. These include Professors, Principals, and support staff working in

educational institutions, heads of university departnent, vice-chancellors, educational administrators

and policy makers. Developing all these categories of people is extremely important as the

effectiveness of education depend on how well they perform their roles. People at different levels and

performing different roles require different competencies to be effective in their roles. These

Competencies are also changing from time to time as the environment is changing. The knowledge base

is also improving and the needs are changing. Hence there is a need to develop continuously the

capabilities of the people involved in education. The HRD needs in education should be interpreted in

the context of the overall development needs of the country and should take into consideration the

developmental plan in other sectors.

Vol. IV, 15sde 9 (1V), January 2016

PRINEIFAL VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYAL/

AMRAVATI.

ISSN 2277-9302 internotionai lour nai of Multidiscipinary Research (UMR}

Role of Teacher in Education

Even though often less acknowledged the importance of a good teacher is enormous in India. They

play a vital role in the overall development of the students. Not only they are responsible for imparting

academic knowledge, but are also responsibie for incuicating the right values and principles to ther

students.

Phil osophy of the Human Resource Development Centre

The main philosophy of Human Resource Development Centre is to keep in mind that the

teacher is central to the system. While it is universally accepted that the teacher is the pivot of the

educational system, our system does not provide adequate opportunities for their profes5ional

development. It is, therefore, necessary to develop inbuilt mechanisms to provide opportunities for

teachers within the framework of knowledge society. It is aiso accepted that a teacher must not be

confined only to transmitting information; she/he must also orient students to meet the challenges of

lite, to not merely become a trained professional, but also a better citizen. It was believed in the past

that a coliege/university teacher learnt the 'art' of teaching on the job by emulating outstanding

models such as his/her own teachers or senior colleagues. The stock-in-trade of the college/university teacher has always motivated the students. Today, it is no longer possible to expect a newly appointed

teacher to acquire the 'art' of teaching by emulating his/her peers.

Educational TechnolozY and Orientation in information Technology

New methods of teaching and educational technology along with developments in Information

TechnologY have made the job of a teacher both exact and demanding. Now, t has been decided to

give a bigger thrust to e-content development. In order to create Internet savwy as well as computer literate teachers, to create e-content assemblers and creators, the University Grants Commission (UGC)

is la unching specially designedorientation programmes/refresher courses in these subjects.

Objectives of the Human Resource Development Centre

The revised guidelines of UGC have quot ed following objectives of Hurnan Resource Development

Centre 1. Plan, organize, implement, monitor, and evaluate Orientation Programme for newly appointed

college/University teachers and Re'resher Courses for serving teachers

2 Organize Orientation Programmes for Heads of Department, Prinapals, Deans and other decision

makers to familiarize them with the philosophy of Orientati on in order to enable the senior

educa tional administrators to understand their new roles super visors and to facilitate the reforms

in higher education through appropriate modification of the management system at various levels.

3 Attempt to create a sound academic ànd educational environment in the university through the

angoing exchange of ideas on diferent 15sues and subjects among the Resource Persons, Scholars

and the Participants of the progra mmes.

4 Formulate a programme of Orientation withirn the broad framework as laid by UGC.

5. ldentify resource persons in the various tields of specialization for running the Orientation Courses

and Subject Refresher Courses and armil iarize such resource persons with the philosophy and

guideline for the course. The ist of resource persons should be approved by the Chairman of the

Advisory Committee.

6. Set up documentation center-cum-Library for reference and source materials necessary for the

courses.

7. Produce specially designed material required for effective implementation of the courses.

8. Organize, Monitor and evalu ate courses for teachers. 9. To create a culture of learning and selt-improvement among teachers so that it becomes an

integral part of the educational system at the tertiary level

10 To enable teachers to:

10 Vol. 1V, 1ssue 9 fiV), January 2016


AMRAVATI.

tnternotional Journal of Multidiscplinary Reseorch (UMR) ISSN: 2277-9302

a. Understa nd the signiticance of education in general, and higher education in particular, in the

global and Indian contexts; b. Understand the linkages between education and economic and socio-economic and cultura

development, with particular reference to the Indian polity where democracy, secularism an

5ocial equity are the basic tenets of society. C. Acquire and improve basic skils of teaching at the college/university level to achieve goals O

higher education; d. Keep abreast of the latest developments In their specific subjects; e Understand the organization and management of a college/university and to perceive the role

of teachers in the total systen; .Utilize opportunities for development of personality, initiative and creativity: and

6 Prornote computer literacy as well as Internet knowledge

Conclusion: Human Resource Development Centers have been contriouting sign1ficantly tor

mprovement of quality of teaching in higher education in India. Their usefulness has been

contirmed by various research studies and reports. Besides imparting skills, knowledge, provides

Gpportunity to meet eminent resource persons, provides platform for exchange of ideas with their

peer group from various parts of the country which isa unique experience in itselt.

To make HRDCs More relevant following are some of the recommendations suggested are-

1. Suitable linkages should be created between HRDCs and International agencies invoBved in staff

development for exchange programmes to understand and updated about latest trends.

2. The orientation courses may be made compulsory for the prospective teacher after selection to

the job but before joirning it.

3. Suficient funds should be provided for infrastructural development. HRDC shouid be equipped

with state of art e-class rooms, conference halls, Library.

4. Hostels should be provided with sufficient number of staff to facilitate cormfortable stay of

the participants.

5. Human Resource Development centre should have adequate permanent staff.

Afilating universities should link participation of staff in HRDC programmes to aftilation of the

coliege nore seriously

7 Monitoring of HROCS shouid be dane more systematically and sCientiricatly.

E. Due weigntage be given to 1CT training

9. The syllabi for retresher courses shaOuld contain new trends in cormmerce discipline.

References Rani Dhawan (2000): impact of Academic Staff College's Pragrammes on Teachers

Students. University News, New Delhi Vol-38{16) April 17, 2000.

M.R.Shollapur (2007) Industry Driven Business Education: A Study on Exploring Industry's

Reflections University News New Delhi Vol.45 No.42 Oct 15-21,2007

T.Vijaykumar (2009)- HRD for the development of higher education: University News, New Delhi

and .

2.

3. Vol-47 No.32 Aug 10-15, 2009

M.Pravez (2009)- Professional Development of teachers in higher education

University News, New Delhi Vol-47 Na.32 Aug 10-16, 2009

G.Srinivas(2009)- New chailenges in Higher Education

Jniversity News, New Delhi vol-47 No.10 March 9-15, 2009

D.Muthamizh Vendan Murugavel {2009)- Multiple Roles of Teachers in Higher Education.

University News, New Deihi Vol-47 No.33 Aug 17-23,2009

Satrughna Behera,2009),Academic Staff College: Ideas and Issues, University News,47(04).

www.ugt.ac.in www.wikipedia.org/wiki/ecucation in India.

5.

6.

Vol. Iv, issue 9 (V), January 2016 11

PRNCIPAL VIDYA BHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA

: drtbharati inter:ttional nterdiseiplit1.ars Research Journal (Special Procecding Isstuc) ISSN 2319-4979

An creas 11 r:ansparney Is aso iikely to Tore. After the demonclisation Ol. bane

prove altctliveness tor lOrCIn nvestors

2) Jandhan

withdraw al the amouni fo is atCount

3)Colleetion af tax wili be inCTCase for the n\

ycar, 20!7-18. Yajana Acunt holders of

Jandhan yojana Crodited surprisviy Rs. 87000

References

)aily newspaper. S:ak al (Marath 3 Dec. 16. 03 Jan.

Pg. 3. Vidharbha Pg No. 16

S.S. Report -2004

Lconomic survey Report.

ndian express. Dtd: 21 Jan. 2017 Pg. No.

www.insightsonndia.comn

*****&

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT CENTRE AND PROFESSIONAL

DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHERS-AN IMPACT STUDY

S.K.Rodde

Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati.

but also counseling. devcloping critical and innovative

thinking, rcscarch, consultancy and cxlcnsion of work.

preparing instructional materials with the aid of

cducation and information technologies and use off

modern methods of management of the cducational

institutions.

Introduction

Indian Higher Education system has yrown significantly

over the last six decades since independence. In the

present scenario. the inportant role of the teachers as

catalyst agent has become more critical. In the context

of rapid changes, it is mperative thai teachers must

update their knowledge and skills and be conversant

w ith the latest developnents

Professional Devclopmen1 of Teachers implics his

growth in knowledge of his suhject. in pcdagogy and

raining techniques. No protession can grow unless its

members are prepared to grow protessionally and are

prepared to undergo sacrifices. The Higher Education

System is expected to provide adequate skilled human

resources cquipped with the knowledge and tcchnical

skills to cater to the fast growing economy. India, being

the country with the youngest population, would be able

to creale a larger growing labour torce which is

cxpected to deliver greater gains in terms of growth and

prosperity. The Central Ciovernment has been making suitable policy decisions to take advantage of this situation and to create access for the eligible youth from

all social backgrounds to have the nceessary cducation

in diverse ficlds.

The National policy on Education 1986 is primarily

aimed at making cducation as a realistic instrument of

socio-cconomic development of both the individuals

and the society. In this context. staff development and

training play a very crucial role. The University Grant

Commission has introduced Academic staff colleges in

various states of lndia to orieni and refresh the subject

knowledge of tcachers and to improve their tcaching skills in particular subject. Academie Statf Colleges

(ASCs) have in the ycar 2015 been renamed as Human Resource Developnent C'entres (HRDCs). The main

aim of the scheme is to maintain high standard of

teaching in Universities and Colleges. At the first phase. the UGC has identificd 48

universities to set up Human Resource Devclopment Centres to organize orientation and refresher courses for

newly appointed teachers of colleges/universitics in 2009 this number has alrcady increased to 66 which have grcatly helped in the professional development of teachers all over the country.

tn the ficld. The

The rapid expansion of Higher tducation system hasconsiderable impact on the quality of cducation. One of

the most important issucs impacting is Teachers Quality". In the present day context. teachers have to

play an cnable role in the devclopment of the student. This involves not only imparting knowledge and skills

Research Methodology

In this study 100 tcachers male and female who had attended the Refreshcr Course in Comnmerce discipline organizcd by UGC Human Resaurce Development

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VIDYABHARATI V INTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPUINARY


PROOEEDINGS UGC Sponsored NationalConference on

EFFECT OF FDI ON RETAIL SECTOR IN INDIA (NCFDI-2015) 27 January 201

ORCANISED EY DERARTDMENT 0R cOMMERCE & ECONOMICS S.S.S.K.R.INNANI MAHAVIDYALAYA KARANJA (LAD) DIST. WASHIM,MAHARASHTRA, 444 105 REACCRIDATED BY NAÄC ATLEVEL CGPAS84) AWARDED CPE STATUSBY UGC NEwDLHI IN COLLAB0RATION WITH VIDYABHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYAMRAATI REACCRIDATED BY NKG AT EVEL 'AYCGPAS0 AWARDED CPE STATUS FY UGC NEW DELHI

INDEXED WITH ADVANCED SCIENCES GERMANY

TA OMARATI MAMAVILTAN

aMR v T

Vidyabharati International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (Special Proceeding Issue) ISSN 2319-4979

uqra TVT FTARÀ 2005 HT TET Z

REFORMSs IN RETAILING IN INDIA

S. B. Kadu

Vidyabharti Mahavidyalaya Camp, Amravati.

Overview multi-brand retailers such as Wal-Mart, Carrefour and

Tesco, as well single brand majors such as IKEA, Nike

and Apple. i The announcement sparked intense

activism, both in opposition and in support of te

reforms. In December 2011, under pressure from the

opposition, Indian gOvernment placed the retail refors

on hold till it reaches a consensus. In January 2012

India approved reforms for single-brand store

welcoming anyone in the world to innovate in India

retail market with 100% ownership, but imposed the

requirement that the single brand retailer source 30% of

its goods from India. Indian govermment continues the

hold on retail reforms for multi-brand stores.IKEA

announced in January that it is putting on hold its plam

to open stores in India because of the 3O

requirementFitch believes that the 30% requiremezt

is likely to significantly dclay if not prevent most singie

brand majors from Europe, USA and Japan from

opening stores and creating associated jobs in India.

Retailing in India is one of the pillars of its

economy and accounts for l14 to 15% of its GDP

The Indian retail market is estimated to be US$450

billion and onc of the top five retail markets in the

world by economic value. India is one of the fastest

growing retail markets in the world, with 1.2 billion

people. India's retailing industry is essentially owner

manned small shops. convenience stores and supermarkets accounted for

about 4% of the industry, and these were present only in

large urban centers. India's retail and logistics industry

employs about 40 million Indians (3.3% of Indian

population).Until 2011, Irdian central government

denied foreign direct investment (FDI) in multi-brand

retail, forbidding foreign groups from any ownership in

supcrmarkets, convenience stores or any retail outlets.

Even single-brand retail was limited to 51% ownership

and a burcaucratic process.

In November 2011, India's central government

In 2010, larger fomat

announced rctail reforms for both multi-brand stores

and single-brand stores. These market reforms paved

the way for retail innovation and competilion with

Proccedings of UGC Sponsored National Coanference on Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Retail Sector in India - NCFDI 2015

194

MINSIPAL

TA OHARATI MAHAVI Y} P

ahsharati International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (Special Proceeding Issue) ISSN 2319-4979 T Analysis of Retail Sector: erengths: they have managed to keep a check on the food

inflation through their healthy competitiveaor contribution to GDP: the retail sector in India hoveting around 33-35% of GDP as compared to d 20% in USA igh Growth Rate: the retail sector in India enjoys remely high growth rate of approximately

practices. Create in the system:

intermediaries opcrating as per Mandy norms do not have transparency in their pricing. According to some of the reports, an average Indian farmer realizes only one-third of the price, which the final

transparency the

Potential: since the organised portion of retail r is only 2-3%, thereby creating lot of potential Sature players.

Employment Gencrator: thec retail sector ioys 7% of work force in India, which is right iumited to unorganised scctor only. Once theoms get implemented this percentages likely to

Tease substantially. acaknesses (limitation): ack of Competitors: AT Kearney's study on global ling trends found that India is least competitive s aell as least saturated markets of the world.

ly Unorganised: The unorganised portion of asl sector is only 97% as compared to US, which raly 20%.

Productivity: Mckinsey study claims retail ducti vity in India is very low as compared to its

nalional peers. ta ge of Talented Professionals: the retail trade

saie ss in India is not considered as reputed stiesszon and is mostly carried out by the family

ambers (self-cmployment and captive business).

consumer pays.

Intermediaries and mandi system will be evicted, hence directly benefiting the farmers and producers: the prices of commodities will automatically be checked. For example, according to Business Standard, Walmart has introduced-Direct Farm Projectat Haider Nagar in Punjab, where 110 farmers have been connected with Bharti Walmart for sourcing fresh vegetables dircctly Quality Control and Control over Leakage and Wastage: duc to organisation of the sector, 40% of the production does not reach the ultimate consuner. According to the news in Times of India, 42% of the children below the age group of S are

malnourished and Ex Prime Minister Dr.Manmohan Singh has termed it asnational shame. Food oftcn gets rot in farm, in transit and in state-run warehouses. Cost conscious and highly compctitive retailers will try to avoid these wastages and losscs and it will be their Endeavour to make quality products available at lowest prices, hence making food availab segment of Indian society.

Heavy flow of capital will help in building up the infrastructure for the growing population: India is already operating in budgetary deficit. Neither the govermment of ndia nor domestic investors are capable of satisfying the growing needs (school, hospitais, transport ctc.) of the ever growing Indian population. Hence foreign capital inflow will enable us to create a heavy capital base. There will be sustainable development and many other economic issues will be focused upon: many Indian small shop 27owners employ workers, who

are not under ary contract and also under aged

workers giving rise to child-labor. It also boosts corruption and black money

4. Threats:

to weakest and poorest academically and people

ssionally qualified. Industry'status, hence creating financial issucs

retailers: the retail sector in India does not enjoy atastry status in India, thereby making difficult for

are not

SI ÍCTS to raise funds.

opsrtunities (benefits): eTe will be more organization in the sector:

gan.zed retail will necd more workers. According

a Sndings of KPMG ,in China, the employment in h tetail and wholesale trade increased from 4%

1992 to aboui 7% in 2001, post reforms and vative competition in retail sector in that

ithy Competition will be boosted and there will check on the prices (inflation):Retail giants as Walmart, Carrefour, Tesco, Target and

global retail companies alrcady have rations in other countries forever 30 years. Until a they havc not at all become monopolies rather

Current Independent Stores will be compelled to closc: This will lead to massive job loss as most of the operations in big stores 1like Wal-Mart are

highly automated requiring fewer work forces.

gs of UGC Sponsored National Cunference on Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Retail Sector in India - NCFR

195 NEPAL

VA DNARATI MAHAVIYALM MRAV A T

Vidyabharari Intermational Intecrdisciplinary Rescarch Jourmal (Special Proceeding Issue) ISSN 2319-4975

Big players can knock-out competition: they ca afford to lower prices in initíal stages, becomc

monopoly and then raise prices later.

India does not need foreign retailers: as they can

satisfy the whole domestic demand.

Remember East índia Company it entered India as

trader and then took over politically. The government hasn't able to build consensus

n view of the above analysis, if we try to balance

opportunities and prospects attachcd to the given economic reforms, it will definitely cause good to

Indian economy and consequently to public at larg once implemented. Thus the period for which we delt

these reforms wili be loss for government only,sin

majority of the public is in favour of reforms. Al above mentioned drawbacks are mostly politicag created. With the implementation of this policyY stakeholders will benefit whether it is consumer throag

quality products at low price, farmers through mar transparency in trading or ndian coporate with 49

profit share remaining with Indian companies on

References

Agarwal, Vibhuti; Bahree, Megha (7 December

2011)."India puts retails reforms on hold". The Wall

Street Journal.

The Bird of Gold -The Rise of India's Consumer

Market". McKinscy and Company. May 2007.

Anand Dikshit (August 12 2011). "The Uneasy

Cormpromíse -Indian Retail". The Wall Street Journal.

"Winning the indian consumer". McKinsey &

Company. 2005.

Majumde, Sanjoy (25 November 2011). "Changing the

way Indians shop". BBC Ncws.

"Retailing in India Unshackling the chain stores".The

Economist. 29 May 2008.

Sharmma, Amol; Sahu, Prasanta (11 January 2012).

"India Lifts Some Limits on Foreign Retailers". The

Wall Street Joumal. Ikea shclves Indian retail market move". The Financia

Times. 22 January 2012. http://cci.gov.in/images/media/ResearchReports/FD!

Oin%20Indian%20Retail%20Sector%20Analysis%20

%20Competition%20in%20Agri-Food%20Sector.pdf

FDI IN INSURANCE A BETTER FUTURE! FOR INDIAN ECONOMICS

G.S. Telang Shri Shivaji Arts, Commerce & Science College, Motala Dist Buldhana

Highly saturated mnarkets of US and Europe

posc a great risk to growth for insurance companies in

these regions. Growth of insurance sector is further

constrained by the economic turbulcnce in these

countries. In order grow in these regions companies are

facing challcnge to innovate and improve operational

cfficiency. Alternatively, insurance companies from

thcse regions have to look for newer rnarkets beyond

their traditional geographies. Brazil, India and China

offer an identifiable opportunity with low penetration

rates and relatively high economic growth rates.

Though the opportunity is large in emerging economics,

prospective entrants face muitiple challenges in terms of

complexity of markets, necd for extensive distríbution

channc, competition from existing players, lack of

trained personncl, regulatory changes et al. With a huge

population of 1.3 billion and low insurance penetration,

India is a relatívely large market for these insuran companies. Even a subdued 5-6 per cent GDP growth India is preferable to almost negligible growth in mo

of the western economies. Though foreign insura players have been present in India for amost more th a decade and despite the double-digit growth, the seat

is yet to witness the expected vibrancy and infusion

innovative products. One of the key factors is limi inflow of investment by forcign players due to cap

foreign direct investment (FDI) of 26 per cent. To

their investments in India relevant and worthwh most of the forcign players arelooking forward

increase their share in their respective Indian ventur

Recent proposal by government of Indiato hike

ceiling from 26 per cent to 49 per cent is the

logical and expected step. Life premium has growma CAGR of over 23 per cent during last decade and.

Prar vedngs of iGC Sponsored National Conference on Efect of Foreign Direct Investment on Retuil Selyr india - NÇFDI 2015

196 PCIPAL

oTA BMARATI MAMAVILTAL

VIDYABHARATI M IOTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPUnARY


PROCEEDIINGS UGC Spopnsored NationalConference on EHRECT OF FDION RETAIL SECTOR ININDIA NGRD 2015) 27 anuay 2015

ORGNISED BY DEFARTMENT OF coMMERCE.&ECONOMICS

S.S.S.K.R.INNANI MAHAVIDYALAYA KARANJA (LAD) DIST. WASHIM,MAHARASHTRA, 44105 REACCRIDATED BY NAAC ATLEVEL YcGPAs3) AWARDED CPESTATUS BY UGCNEWDELHI IN COLLAEORATION wITH VIDYABHARATILMAHAVÍDYALAYAAMRATI REACCRIDATED BY NAACAT1EVBL AYCCPA 6) AWARDED CPE STATUS RY UGO NEW DELHI

INDEXED WITH ADVANCED SCIENCES GERMANY

7A JMARATI MAHAVIYALATD AT

Vidyabharati International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (Special Proceeding Issue) ISSN 2319-4979

RII 4PJTITA YRYG, 37 à YTgr arfts eAZI, 22

24 1. 2013

Hereiareeg g - Fer 2013/ 37, 37 2.

RHrdeR, TAAT 2013, gTR 2013, Government of India (2013) : '2012-13 Annual Report,

Minsitry of Commerce and Industry, New Delhi.

HTVGRI 372efarqrerT g¥.

de2. ga. (2012}: ReaAa faza ez icraueo,

H. . (2011): 3HENYTETY eTTTT, . H.

erarez, giir - 2006,/ T 30, 3i7 1

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN INDIAN RETAIL SECTOR

S. K. RoddeVidyabharati Mahavidyalaya Amravati.

(c) Foreign capital usually brings it with other scarce

productive factors like technical knowhow, business expertise and knowledge

Introduction According to the Financial Times, "Standard

iefinitions of control use the internationally agreed 10 percent threshold of voting shares, but this is a grey area as often a smaller block of shares will give control in widely held companies. Moreover, control of technology, management, even crucial inputs can cofer de facto control." The origin of the investnment does not impact the definition as an FDI, i.c., the investment mnay be made either "inorganically" by buying a company in the target country or "organically" by expanding operations of an existing business in that country. in other words Foreign Direct investment means "cross border investnent made by a resident in one cconomy in an enterprise in another economy, with the objective of establishing a lasting interest in the

described as

Some Benef+ts of FDI

(a) Improves forex position of the country;

b) Employment production; (c)Help in capital for1nation by bringing fresh capital, (d) Helps in transfer of new technologies, management skills, intelectual property (e) Increases competition within the local market and this brings higher efficiencies (f) Helps in increasing exports,

(g)ncreases tax revenues

generation and increase

2Vestee cconomy. FDI is also investment into the business of a country by a

company in another country". Mostly the investment is into production by either buying a company in the 1arget country or by expanding operations of an existing business in that country". Such investments can take place for many reasons, including to take advantage of

cheaper wages, special investment privileges (e.g. tax

exemptions) offered by the country

Process of FDI in Retail

There is no such procedure for short listing the companies. International companies who are willing to invest in either single or multi-brand retail can put in

their applications with the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion. Here the applications are reviewed in an effort to determine their suitability as per the stated guidelines. Subsequently, the Foreign Investment Promotion Board, Ministry of Finance will consider he applications before providing the final approval.

FDI Prefer for Development of country

(a) Domestic capital is inadequate for purpose of economic growth,

b) Foreign capital is usually essential, at least as a temporary measure, during the period whcn the capital market is in the process of development; PRNDA

YA MARATI MAHAVIEYSL

Proxeedings of UGC Sponsored National Conference on Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Retail Sector in India- NCFDI 2015

211

Vidyabhatati International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (Special Proceeding Issue) ISSN 2319-4979

Advantages of FDI in retail The Committee had surmised in its report that the

number of people getting jobs will be lesser than the

amount of people losing the same as a substantial

amount of marginal and small farmers will be wiped

out. Somc other problems cxpected out of this were

aggressive pricing and prevalence of monopoly.

India's retail industry is one of the biggest around the

world when it comes to the privately owned ones. The

industry has seen some major restructuring thanks to the

FDI structure becoming more liberal than bcfore. The

benefits of FDI in retail, as pcr experts, carry greater

weightage than the cost related implications. With FDI in retail, operations in distribution and

production cycles are expected to become better. Owing to factors such as economic operations, the cost of

production facilities will come down as well. This will

mcan a greater choice of products at lesser and

justisiable prices for the customers.

As a result of FDI, companies will be able to bring in

technology and skills from other countries and this will

help in infrastructural development of India. This will

also help in creating more value for money for the

buyers. After FDI in retail, it is possible to set up a properly

organised chain of retail stores as the capital to do is

readily available. The investment can be regarded as a

long term one as the physical capital put into a domestic

company is not liquidated casily. This is its main

difference trom equity capital. ICRIER had also predicted that if FDI in retail was

introduced in India during 2011-12, the Indian economy

could have grown by 13 per cent, the unoganised sector

could have seen a 10 per cent growth and the organised

sector could have incCreased by 45 per cent.

Recent Developments on FDI

(all sectors including retail): 2012 October: In the second round of economic

reforms, the government clcared amendments to raise

the FDI cap

(a) in the insurance sector from 26% to 49%;

(b) in the pension sector it approved a 26 percent FDI;

Now, Indian Parliament will have to give its approval

for the final shape," 2012 September: The government approved the

(a) Allowed 51% foreign investment in multi-brand

retail, Rclaxed FDI norms for civil aviation and

(b) broadcasting sectors. - FDI cap in Broadcasting was

raised to 74% from 49%;

(c) Allowed foreign investment in power cxchanges

2011 December: The Indian Government removed the 51 percent cap on

FDI into single-brand retail outlets and thus opened the

market fully to foreign investors by permitting 100

percent foreign investments in this area.

Conclusion

India is the 3rd largest economy of the world in terms of

purchasing power parity and thus looks attractive to the

world for FDI. Even Government of India, has been

trying hard to do away with the FDI caps for majority of

the sectors, but there are still critical areas like retailing

and insurance where there is lot of opposition from

local Indians/ Indian companies. Indian market has high complexities in terms of a wide

geographic spread and distinct consumer preferences

varying by each region necessitating a need for

localization even within the gcographic zones. While

India presents a large market opportunity given the

number and increasing purchasing power of consumers

and increase in standard of living.

Disadvantages of FDI in retail

Experts say that while analysing the positives and

drawbacks of FDI in retail, both the government and the

opposition did not refer to the Parliament Committee

report where its effects had been studied in great detail

The committee had taken into cognizance many

witnesses, NGOs, individuals, and trade associations to

come up with the said report.

The Committee visited various corners of India and also

went through reports and gathered knowledge about the

expericnce of similar decisions in other countries. It

also cnquired from several government departments

regarding the matter.

References

www.wikipedia, the free encyclopedia www.RBI website, Newpaper reports, Gol data

http://www.makeinindia.com/policy/foreign-direct-

www.ibef.org/economy/foreign-direct-investnent.aspx

www.indiainsouthafrica.com/InvestinIndia/ppts/4%20F

DI%20Policy.ppthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment

investment

Pruccedings of UGC Sponsored National Conjerence on Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Retail Sedtpt imy@ia-NÇFDI 2015

212

u maTI MAMAVIR

ILNABTADAII NTERNATIONAINTERPIKCIrunar RESEARCH JOURNAL www.viirjorg

SSN 2319E4979

PROCEEDINGS "

UGC Sponsored National Conference on resent literary Scenario and Teaching English Language PISTEL-2015) 27 January 2015

t

*

ORGANISED BY DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH

S.S.S.K.R.INNANI MAHAVIDYALAYA KARANJA (LAD) DIST. WASHIM, MAHARASHTRA, 44-105 REACCRIDATED BY NAÄC AT LEVEL 'A(CGPA3.34) AWARDEDCPE STATUS BYUGCNEW DELHI

INCOLLABORATION WITH IDYABHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA,AMRAVATI REACCRIDATED BY NAAC AT LEVEL A(CGPAS.26 AWARDED CPE STATUS BY UGC NEWDELHT

PCA7 7 HARATI MAHA

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INDEXEDWT T ANGED SGIENC

cONTENTS English Literature

Sr. No.

16 The Universality of Modern Feminine Experiences In The Novels of Doris Lessing 77 The Dilemma of Female Identity In Manju Kapur's The Immigrant 78 Feminist Voice in the Poetry of Sylvia Plath 79 Depiction Of Culture in Indian English Fiction 80 New Woman in Rama Mehta's "Inside The Haveli" 81 Indian English Novels

The Self' in Dalit Autobiography

Page No.

Title of Research Article Author

Ku. Manisha D. More 193-195

S.S. Waghmare 195-196

|Dr. Pravin Joshi. P. B. Sawai

197-199 199-202

Ashwini Tondre 202-204 S. P. Nathani

G.B. Shelkikar1 & B.S. Undre

204-206 32

206-207 83 Postmodern Reading of Shashi Deshpande's "That Long LChandnani Silence L. Chandnani 208-210

Everything is in a Name" In Jhumpa Lahiri's The 84 P.B. Nirmal 211-214 Namesake

85 Diaspora in Adichie's Thing Around Your Neck S. Ingole& R. Nitonde 214215 86 Women in the Novels of Kamala Markandaya: A

Review N.S. Tayade 216-218 Indian Vision of R.P JhabvalaModernising The Traditional Dramatic Device: The

87 MrAvinash V Thote218 219

88 Study Of Chorusin Mahesh Dattani's Final Solutions 89

RW. Shrikhande 219-222 Cultural Perspective To Literature G.B.Jangale 222-224 Post-Modern LiteraryTheory'sProblematization Of 90 Reality And Global Environmetal Discourse A.N. Barde 224-227 Ecociticism As A Response

Women'sVoice in Literature: Native American women Ip. M. Bansod 91

Novelist: Leslie Marmon Silko 227-229

English Language au Use of ICT in English Language Teaching and Learning Dr. Gurudevi U.

Huleppanavarmath Dr. Kiran Khandare &

230-232 02 Incorporation of ICT in English Language Teaching

Subodh N.Chinchole232-234

234-237 237-239

240-241

Dr. S.D.Thakare 03 The Role of ICT in Teaching English Language Dr.S.R.Nair

04 Learning English through Literature

Mother Tongue as a Tool for Teaching English Teaching English As A Second Language in Rural India

05 Dr.Prachi.S.Patharkar

06 A Theoretical Studyy Hanumant R. Jawalge 242-244 ICT: An Avenue to make English Language 07 Leaming /Teaching Simple and Interesting Use of ICT in English Language Learning in Higher

Dr. Rahul S. Sudke 245-248 248-250

08 Education

Usage of ICT tools among Bed Trainees in Nagpur City Sanjay khandel

09 of Maharashtra State -A Study Vandana Ramteke 251-254

iPA BNARATI MAMAVIDYALAA

Vioyabharati Intemational Interdisciplinay Research Journal (Special Proceeding lssue) 1SSN 2319-4979 actices. This will only occur by providing adequate aining and development of teachers. Die to globalization English has got the status of global anguage, world language and intemational language

English is the powerful market language and transaction of modernization. The changing scenario of nglish is

impacted on English curicalum and teachíng methodologies to cater the need of present era

References

Gupta Deepti, 2005 ELT in India: "A Brief and cuent

werview, "Asian EFL Journal Volume 7. Issue 1, Article 12. Dr.Bhatt, Nidhi (2011). "Use of technology in teaching inguage" sciplinary Research Journal

Debski, R. and Levy M. (eds.) (1999): World CALL

Lisse: Swets and Zoittinger Nunan D. (1988) The Leamer Centered Curiculum

Cambridge, CUP.

Varghese, C. Paul (1998) Teaching English as SecondLanguage. New Delhi: Sterling

Research Expo International Multi blis iers.

LEARNING ENGLISH THROUGH LITERATURE

S.R.Nair Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati (MS)

Abstract

nguage can be learnt through Literature. The teacher should be well versed in Literature and should help students

read and to study the classics. Literature helps not onBy to enrich language but to develop style in language andd

rease knowledge of culture. Too much of classroom teaching should be eschewed. Instead learner-centric

vities like performance of plays, recitation of poems, reading and reviewing books should be encouraged. A vide

ge of books should be prescribed for study with choice. Lectures should be supplemented with screening offilms

aids like audio CDs, visuals and ebooks.

A language like the mother-tongue is leamt

agh listening and hearing and then communicating

gh simple words and later through simple and

plex sentences. The reading and writing processes

inguage skills are cultivated gradually; sometimes in

modern context, sometimes not at all. Grammar,

and other intricacies become skills which are

red at a much later date, in school. One can

proficient in a language without actively

it, without shudying its inherent grammar and

ut ever knowing the script of the language.

sh is nobody's mother-tongue in Vidarbha; it is

ded with great trepidation and its study postponed

ach a time when other languages have already left

mdelible mark in the thought processes of the

odual learner. Even while it has now become a

nge studied in the primary classes, it has not shed

nifying aspect, in the minds of the primary school

who are hardly conversant in the language.

the teaching of English leaves much to be

desired, it is the leaning that has deteriorated to the utmost. Therefore, the teachershould first cducat� himselfherself in the language through a thorough study of the classics before trying to teach the student

One fact that has been evidenced through the course of

around fifty years is the way in which the command over the English language gradually has gone straightdownhill from generation to generation. Thiere was a time in India, when every graduate could understand, speak, read and write English. Later, only postgraduates and lecturers couldspeak and understand English. This has now touched such a nadir that even English teachers in colleges cannot converse in English, leave alone the writing and the teaching! The reason for this shocking decline is lack of reading liferature When candidates come for interviews for the posts of English feachers, they are usually asked what they have read. To this,they reply that they have not becn able to read because they do not have the time for it If graduates and

postgraduates picked a few cláassics of literature and

gs of UGC Sponsored National Conference on Present Literary Scenario and TeachingEngiskLangua-PTEL 2015 237

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teacher who should only act as the facilitator, takin class along, suggesting corrections and modifica where needed. By playing an active role in clas students will learn the importance of shoulderin

responsibility and duty of learning, unlike whati

happens in colleges today, where students some come to the college, sit or stroll in the campus;

saunter into the classroom, fewer are armed wit texts and it is a rare occasion when a small grou

students really enjoy the class and learn something

is useful for them.

read them diligently, there would not be any need to write an article on how to teach English through literature. The fault lies on the fact that teachers are ill- cquipped to teach as they have never gone beyond the

prescribed texts; even there, they have only studied selected texts for the examinations. Returning'to the mother-tongue, it may be remembered that it is not actively taught so much as it is learnt.

Therefore for cultivating any language skills, the

teacher should improve his/her own grasp of the language and show the learner the way to imbibe the skills instead of indulging in drab classroom lectures that is guaranteed to reach the student nowhere, fast. Such teaching that is perpetrated in the halls of higher education is undertaken with the sole aim of completing the portion and maybe to ensure a good pass percentage, but they are definitely not in the least beneficial for the learner. Students endowed with some foresight know the importance of English to further their career prospects. They 'prepare' for the future by enrolling in crash courses in the language, outside the college since they are not employable without good English communication skills. These students aim to achieve fluent skills in spoken English but ignore the reading and writing aspects until they reach these hurdles in competitive cxaminations.: Very late, they realize that there is absolutely no short-cut to the acquisition of such skills which need long-term reading and studying of the language. The only solution to this problem is to read the best examples of a language, namely its literature. The study of any language is not complete without thec study of the literature of that language. However English literature as it is taught around us, in the regional language still fails abysmally, to fulfil the purpose of improving the student's knowledge of English. While the student understands Shakespearc's plays, in the mother-tongue, his/her tongue will remain clamped silent while trying to express his/her views regarding the same, in English. Hence instead of teaching them, the teacher should encourage the students to read the plays aloud and to understand them through constant usé of the dictionary (English to English) and through a study of learned critical essaysof standard publications. This will surely go a long way to improve the learner's communicative skills and help him/her to develop both vocabulary and style. Sections of plays could be dramatized in class and poems learnt by rote and recited. In all these activities, the students participation should be stressed upon and not the

In the very first days of the college, the student sh be initiated into the ABCs of using the college li resources. The library hour should be introduce colleges as it used to be in schools. Active read reviewing and communicating to the others wha reader has become acquainted with, will doub widen his/her own horizon and of others as well immensely benefit their language-learning skills the teacher, the worry of completing the portions be eliminated by introducing a syllabus consist not one text with poems, essays and articles d neatly into different sections and apportione different years or semesters, but a wide select novels, plays and poems with options the stude select and study. A reading list of classics for fe may be selected, studied and reviews submitted and in the written form so that each student assessed for language skills and also for communication. The practice of wasting precio teaching the nebulous rules of grammar cosi removed, as reading literature will help the

naturally towards a better comprchension of er vocabulary and style; thereby towards correct It is an obvious fact that grammar has only students to be wary of venturing into the co of any language. Regarding the nature of the literature prescstudy, a careful scrutiny should be carried o eye to contemporary but good English and Cultivating style in the spoken and written foa language and also to relevant subject m remembers R, L. Stevenson who kept two be him all the time - one to read and one lo Stevenson developed a style of writing that but effective, pleasing and beautiful. Agy little guidance and encouragement on the teacher, and a good reading of the all-time literature can develop really good speakingskills. It is not within the scope of ths

Proceedings of UGC Sponsored National Conference on Present Literary Scenario and TeachingEhglish Language -PLSTE 238 en1NGIPAL

IA SHARATI MAMAVITAL NIAVOT

national interdisciplinary Rescarch Journal (Special Proceeding ssue) SSN 231949T9 prehensive list of what must be read what may be omitted. A survey of classics from the internet and a list of easily give a good idea of books that

Tde selecting the works of literature, the ndents and the purpose of learning must pt in mind. The subject matter of the sbould be relevant to the present age. For y an awareness and sustenance of the bas become of great interest. Hence which incorporate this aspect may be

rve the dual purpose of learning the of gaining significant knowledge. Writers

Durrell, James Heriot, poets from o Whitman and Davies have written in a

ed to develop a fine sensitivity to our to nature and the position of man in his Literature is what has survived the test of its quality. True literature has universality S relevance for all time and across cultures. ie Hemmingway's "The Old Man and the be about any old man even a farmer of Lterature especially poetry helps to develop

Ppreciation and sensitivity evoking feelings. language with its figures of speech and

the learner to appreciate the language not egh the subject matter but through sound,

quality and depth of thoughts and feelings. nt also becomes acquainted with stress, pitch,

a, etc. through listening to poems recited and ng the poems. The internet offers a wide range

poems recited in different ways. These may esed as an aid to lectures. clection of texts, it should also be remembered ain subjects may be offensive to the cultures of ers the inclusion of these should therefore be

Certain heavy texts like those of Thomas and some others which have their place while g literature for its own sake may not serve the

here. Furthermore, there must be a gradual sc in the levels of difficulty in text comprehension the learner graduates from simple texts to more

ding and difficult works. From abridged versions he learner could progress to the actual texts; from

hcial readings to in-depth explorations. Even a terary texts can help in gaining a good grounding

in the language and take the student towards confidence by increasing his/her vocabulary and inculcating style in both the spoken and written forms of the language. Teaching literature should mean not mere classroom lectures or line by line explanations, topped with dictated notes. Literature should be enjoyed together by the teacher and the students as if ona journey to discover knowledge. In this age of advanced technology, the teacher should go beyond the hard copy of the text which is never fully comprehended with

words. For example, while teaching poems, we come across daffodils, violets and buttercups. These words are I am sure, familiar to the teachers of English. How many of us have followed it up by checking the internet or an encyclopaedia to really find out how these flowers

look like? Instead, as they say, a picture is worth a thousand words, if we supplemented our lectures wíth pictures, screening of films of classics like the plays of Shakespeare and the novels of Dickens, the student would grasp both the theme and listen to the dialogues. This would help students to understand and speak English and pronounce words correctly. It would increase their awareness of different cultures and they would learn tolerance from this understanding andd awareness of differences. Similarly audio books, CDs, and e-books may easily be used to enrich the learning experience. Projects like the creation of power-point presentations and posters, the performance of plays, the recitation of poems, story-telling and poetry competitions and the writing of plays can become interesting activities with the aim of self-study. Language teaching today has become over-simplified into merely imparting grammar skills which by themselves remain without any coherence, as only pieces of the jigsaw puzzle of the lang may master the rules but does not know how or where to apply them and ends up misusing words as is seen in newspapers nowadays. Even the front pages are riddled with mistakes which should not be committed by students in the primary classes. I would like to rest the case by reiterating language or literature should not be 'taught. Teachers should instil a love of reading literature in the students. This will naturally help the shudent's grasp of English; but it will also broaden his/her vision, understanding, knowledge, wisdom and emotional intelligence. In short it will lead to the all- round development of the studep

age. The learner

PINBIPAL TA PMAATI MAMAVIETALO

eedings of UGC Sponsored National Conference on Present Literary Scenario and Teaching English Language - PLSTEL 2015

239

VMABHARÁTIT nTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPUNARY RESEARCH JOURNAL www.viirj.org ISSN 2319-4979

PROCEEDINGS UGC Sponsored National Conference on Present Literary Scenario and Teaching English Language (PLSTEL-2015)

27h January 2015

ORGANISED BY: DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH S.S.S.K.R.INNANI MAHAVIDYALAYA KARANJA (LAD) DIST. WASHIM,MAHARASHTRA, 444 105 REACCRIDATED BY NAAC AT LEVEL 'A(CGPAs.4)

AWARDED CPE STATUS BY UGC NEW DELHI

IN COLLABORATION WITH:

VIDYABHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA, AMRAVATI REACCRIDATED BY NAAC AT LEVEL 'A'(CGPA3.26) AWARDED CPE STATUS BY UGC NEW DELHI

INDEXED WITH VANCED SGINCESINOEX

PTNSIPAL $OYA BNARATI MAHAVIDYALM MRA VATI

CONTENTS English Literature

Page No.

Title of Research Article Author Sden iterary Theories: Language, Discourse Dharmapal B. Fulzele

01-04 isic Dynamics of Power in Amitav Ghosh's Dr. Mahendra Dutte S Poppies Escing Literature through Audio-visual Aids:

g iterature Classroom a Theatre. Claal kdentity in the Indian English Literature king Subjectivity in the Postmodern Era and

05-07

Dr.R.M.Patil 07-10

Girish Kawale 10-12 Purushottam M.

12-15 Gajbhiye Somnath B. Barure ALREOraneity and Poetry of Jayant Mahapatra: A

demist Reading TCootradiction in Postmodernism eReader Response Theory Roland Barthe's: The at cf the Author ng Basic Aspects of Love: O.P.Bhatnagar's

15-19

M.A, Wasnik 20-21 Dr. Santosh S. Hushe

21-24

Dr. K.A. Thosar 24-26

edof Myth, Religion and Culture as Dramatic aegy in Girish Karnad's Bali - The Sacrifice al Alaterialism and Post Colonialism. nn Female Psyche: Possibilities Beyond Tradition sdn Literary Creations in Amitav Ghosh's

Archana A Gupta 27-30

Dipak Ulemale Dr. Kapil R. Singhel Dr. Priya D. Wanjari & M.P. Bhoyar Dr. Ravindra B. Nistane,

30-31 32-34

34-38 Sue Bold Feminine Voices in English Theatre from

asgere to Shaw AScuy ofWomen in the Contemporary Indian Mmes's Vriting scation of Women in Maya Angelou's Poems

n American Women Writer's Tradition: Trends 2 ts Eaing The Silence: A New Feministic Approach ReaedIn Shashi Deshpande's That Long Silence Lantealizing Literature: Teaching and Learning F derm Indian Writing in English Ci Eannerjee: A South Asian Female Diasporic

39-41 Dr. Jayant D. Chaudhari Dr.Swat Tande

42-44

45-47 Dr.Varsha Gosavi

48-49 Dr Pradnya S. Yenkar 49-52

K.D. Bompilwar 52-54 Dr. Prashant Thakare 54-56

Dr. Vijay B. Pande 57-60

e cho Dynamics of Women in the Novel Ladies Dr. Varsha Gawande 60-61

se Bedi's TimepasS: a Journey of a Woman from Dr. Pankaja. S. Ingle 61-64 nEp Sanyasa. As A Silent Sufferer' in the Novel Second T By Shobha De men literary Theories

Dr.NeelimaS. Tidke 64-66

Ku.Priyanka B. Ruikar 67-68

PRNEIPAL WA PMARATI MAHAVIEYAL

Vidyabharati International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (Special Froceeding Iseue) ISSN 2319-4979

in the winter... now, with the sahibs forcing everyone

to grow poppy, no one had thatch to spare... poppy had

been luxury then, grown in small clusters between the

fields that bore the main winter crop."(SOP: P.42) The

inhuman cycle of debt made the farmers of the opium

belt impossible to come out of the poverty. The grain

crops and vegetables were not grown. There was only a

sea of poppies in all the fields. To feed their families

they took more debt and thus they became more

confirmed in their state. Opium broke the very structure

of the society.

Apart from the British, the wealthy landlords too

exploited and gave inhuman treatment to needy and

poor. They could not get rid from the clutches of people

of their own region. Ghosh highlights this depicting the

incidents Kalua faces at times. The three thakurs

several wrestling matches Kalua defeated the local

pehlwans and strongmen with ease. The young

landlords earned a good profit and Kalua was soon in

possession of his reward. But once having gained his

0x-cart, Kalua was no more interested to fight. Kalua

protested for this at first, but the land

finally threatened to confiscate his cart and oxen. They

compelled him to play one more game in which he is

defeated and came home in disgrace. The thakurs

revealed that a powerful giant of a man like Kalua could

be humiliated and destroyed, in a way that far exceeded

his body's capacity for pain. Thus, Ghosh explores the vivacious infuences of

imperialistic structure in his historical magnum opus

and sympathizes for exploited people with his

humanitarian voice. Skillfully presenting history, he

"offers a vision of living across the problematic space

of postcoloniality in contemporary life."(Paul: P.96)

rds flattered and

promises Kalua to give an ox-cart only if he could win a

fight and give a few demonstrations of his strength. In

References

Ghosh, Amitav. Sea of Poppies New Delhi: Viking

Pepguin, 2008

David, Jerry and Jerry Julia, (Eds.), Collins Dictionary

of Sociology, Glasgow: Harper Collins.

Bose, Brinda. Footing History: The Diasporic

Inaginationof Amitav Ghosh in Makarand Paranjape

(ed.) In Diaspora: Theories, Histories, Texts. New

Delhi: Indialog Publications, 2002.

Sharrad, Paul. "The Necessary Germ: Amitav Ghosh's

Fiction and Writing in the Postcolonial Space, Writing

in the Post-colonial Space. Suryanath Pandy (ed.) New

Delhi: Atlantic Publishers, 1999.

Teaching Literature through

audio-visual aids: Making Literature

Classroom a Theatre.

R.M. Patil

Department of English

Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Camp,

Amravati.

words: Audio-visual aids,

Classroom a Theatre, Dimension,

Strategies.

English Literature Classes having less understanding of

the literary aspect of the language. The paper is an

attempt to put forward the writer's first hand

experiences of using audio -visual aids in Literature

hing any kind of literature

cannot be done

cively simply by putting forward

intellectual

by delivering lectures. It

becomes more

at doing so, in Indian classrooms

where students

from different

language backgrounds.

When it

to the teaching of English Literature,

the problem

an altogether a

different dimension.

The

in majority of the cases don't have literary

anding of the language.

In some cases

the

n goes deeper where the

literature students (at

e). don't understand

English at all! However

such cases

as an exception,

the focus of this

l be to discuss the strategies

to be used in

Classroom.

Teaching Literature:

Transporting an experience!

Any piece of good literature is a mix of

experience, imagination

and artistic expression.

The

primary aim of any good artist is to make the reader

experience what s/he has felt. The teacher's job, if

taken seriously, is a diff+cult one and that of a critic!

S/he has to appreciate the líterary piece first for herself

| PRNBTPAL

BHAHATI MAMAvIYAPY

oUGCSponsored

National Conference

on Present Literary

Scenario and Teaching English

Languas PLEL 015

Vidyabharati Intecmational Interdisciplinary Rescarch Journal (5pecial Proceeding Issue) ISSN 2319-4979

particular period and society. To understand Hardy's world or to know Austen's characters or Dickens's plots one need to know the geography, society and culture of

the concerned authors. By watching movies based on

the novels of Hardy, Dickens or Austen, the students get to know first handedly the characters and their world in live vivid images and sound. Nothing much is left to their imagination. And that makes the teacher's job

fairly casyy and manageable. Now he gets the level playing ficld like his English or American counterparts. As the students now with the visual aid have grasped drama, the further analysis can be done simply by reading the texts. So once the students are transported to the complex literary world without any hurdles of

decoding the language of signs and sounds, they are

ready to interpret the texts on their own.

and than it has to be presented before the students so to make them experience it on their own. Now there are two difficulties: First the teacher should be able to decode the language of the author for himself and secondly s/he would have to devise relatively simpler vocabulary to present the author's case before her/his students. Many times the second part becomes absolutely unmanageab Shakespeare's Hamlet to the UG students. The repartee that Prince Hamlet engages with Polonius has certain Elizabethan references which otherwise cannot be

as in the case of teaching

understood. Or the opening scene where the three witches make predictions in Macbeth is difficult to describe with all its visual impact simply in words. Or when Othello before murdering Desdemona, puts out the lamp, by uttering the soliloquy "Put out the Light and then put out the light!" the storm on his face can hardly be transported to the students unless the professor is Sir Lawrence Olivier himselfl In short the complexity of emotions, thoughts and experiences in the great works cannot be simplified for the students

simply by using words. A vividly complex cxperience however claborate it may be, can casilysbe transported through moving images helped by sound. Hamlet's play on the word "fishmonger" becomes crystal clear when students look at the hawlish face of Polonius. Similarly the withered faces of crooked looking old women are so convincingly the wicked witches that the students unknowingly flinch while looking at them on the

Other Visual aids: Giving wings to the fancy and

imagination with extremely romantic and While dealing

imaginatively rich literature, variety of visual aids on

small scale can be of grcat help. Many a times simply a

snapshot, a drawing, a piece of music orsimply

recording of some sound stimulates the imagination of the otherwise still and stagnant minds. At times such visual aids save the teacher both time, (painful) labour and often some embarrassing cxcuse. The other day I was reading in the Final year literature class: "It was my thirtieth year to heaven Woke to my hearing from harbour and neighbour wood screen. Sir Lawrence Olivier's face is so full of

emotions that when he puts out the candle the students

weep with Othello for Desdemona. It doesn't matter if the students don't follow Lawrence's stiff British accent

And the mussel pooled and the heron Priested shore" (Poem in October)

I was at loss. How to make the students visualize the seashore in Wales with the birds like duck (but not ducks) standing in water---all white-waiting patiently for prey. Without wasting much time I simply downloaded Google images on my mobile handset. The students not only saw how herons look but they could also visualize why Dylan Thomas must have compressed them into a metaphor by saying "heron Priested shore" Similarly in the First year literature class reading "Arms and the Man" and making students understand the anti-romanticism of G.B.Shaw is a very demanding task. Especially with such copious details

and

saying "If I quench thee, thou flaming minister,

again thy former light restore, can

Should I repent me: but once put out thy light, Thou cunning's pattern of excelling nature,

I know not where is that Promethean heat That can thy light relume." (Act V Scene I1, lines

7-11.) They know that here Desdemona's life has been

compared to the flame of the candle. And the one can

be restored after putting it out but the other cannot be. The teacher in absence of the media would have to of stage directions, costume, setting stoop to the vulgar level of simplified prose. In the process of simplification Shakespeare's Desdemona would have come down to the level of an actress in

characterization by Shaw, it becomes virtually impossible for the teacher unless he himself is an accomplished stage director, to give the students sense of a play just by reading the text. So on the very first day while describing the stage directions, costumes, and

some Bollywood melodrama. The similar argument can be given for the novels and stories written during a

Proceedings of UGC Sponsored National Conference on Present Literary Scenario and Teaching English Language- PLSTEL 2015

8

UPAL WA DNARATI MAMAVIOTALM

iemational Intendisciplinary Résearch Journal (Special Proceeding Issue) ISSN 2319-4979

slasked one of the students having good g to draw as many scenes as possible on

ng shects. The girl very much eager to he class activity drew three different

uNering all the different scenes and characters

e tegs Every day the relevant drawing would d nboard making everybody's job easy,

g and instructive. So a simple pencil sketch

he students visualize the action on alien terine e them the feeling of being in the midst of the seif So they didn't have to worry where must agus tried to hold Louka in his arms or where

a standing when she found her photograph in rs coat. In addition to having helped the

magine the stage directions the sketches also hen in distinguishing the characters as well.

"a wailful choir the small gnats mourn", "full-grown lambs loud bleat" "Hedge-crickets sing;" "and now with

treble soft The redbreast whistles" "And gathering swallows twitter in the skies." (Ode to Autumn) is just

impossible for our students. So I downloaded a few

sounds from the internet and played while reading the

poem. The students were busy distinguishing bleating from cricket sound and twittering from the whistles. In

this way a little sensory help can make the students

appreciate literature in more meaningful involved way.

Before I conclude the paper a word of caution deserves

a brief mention. A literature teacher, while turning his class into a theatre must not forget his basic objective. A literature teacher has to pass on the skill to appreciate and understand literature. To this end only the entertainment value of any piece of literature has to be

exploited. Otherwise there would be no difference between a multiplex and a classroom. All the audio-

visual aids have to be used only as support-material just to increase the value of lecture in the class. teacher should not push her/himself tó the background every now and then and to the longer period of time. The teacher has to be there all the time instructing them, encouraging them and channclizing their energies to the positive end. There cannot be any SOPs (Standard Operating Procedures) telling teacher how to make use of audio-visual aids in the literature class. However a seasoned teacher knows what to do and what not to. S/he has to let herself guide by good judgment and

om pichures, drawings and videos even pieces of and music also help the teacher enrich the nce of teaching literature. While reading a ghost y Satyajit Ray ( Anathbabu's Terror) I played in

some creaking horror sounds suitable to the nng and closing sounds of the old doors and

The

Rows

c door to the West room was closed. Anath Babu

icd it gently with his forefinger. A nameless fear me goose-pimples. The doors flung open..."(page

32 Bequest of Wings) Jce Sounds multiplied the effects of the words read the teacher in the classroom transporting the students nto the old Haldar Mansion'. Similarly while reading

Ode to Autumn explaining the beauty of the sounds ke

conscience!

References Arms and the Man by G.B.Shaw, Orient Longman,

Mumbai, 1996. Bequest of Wings Macmillan Indian Short Stories, (edi.) Mumbai, 1994. Hamlet by William Shakespeare, S. Chand and Company, Delhi, 2002.

Macbeth by William Shakespeare, S. Chand and Company, Delhi, 1994. Othello by William Shakespeare, S. Chand and Company, Delhi, 1995. The Winged Word (edi.) David Green, Macmillan India Ltd. Chennai, 2004.

About Author

Dr.R.M.Patil is an Associate Professor of English, teaching to UG and PG classes since last 21 years together at Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati reaccredited by the NAAC, Bangalore with 'A' Grade (3.26 CGPA) Awarded with the Status 'CPE' twice and Best college by the DST. Dr. Patil was the ChairmaF, Board of Studies in English, SGB Amravati University, Amravati and he is the Senate Member and Member of the Standing Committee of SGB Amravati Uiversity. He has been actively engaged in research and closely associated with North Maharashta University, Jalgaon, Dr. B.R.Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, SRTM, University, Nanded and RSTM University, Nagpur. He has published 14 research papers/ articles in reputed jounals. Recently Proceedings of UGC Sponsored National Conference on Present Literary Scenario and Teaching English Language PLSTEL 2015

9

PRINSIPA TA SNARATI MANAVIDYALA

(19 VIDYABHARAT INTERnATIONAL IOTERDISCIPUNARY

RESEARCIH JOURNAL www.viirj.org ISSN 2319-4979

PROCEEDINGS UGC Sponsored National Conference on Present Literary Scenario and Teaching English Language (PLSTEL-2015) 27 January 2015

ORGANISED BY DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH S.S.S.K.R.INNANI MAHAVIDYALAYA KARANJA (LAD) DIST. WASHIM,MAHARASHTRA, 444 105s

AAC AT LEVEL 'A'(CGPA3.24) REACCRIDATED B AWARDED CPE STATUS BY UGC NEW DELHI

IN COLLABORATION WITH

VIDYABHARATI MAHAVIDYALAYA, AMRAVATI t. REACCRIDATED BY NAAC AT LEVEL 'A'(CGPA3.26) AWARDED CPE STATUS BY UGC NEW DELHI

! i

SiPA OTA BMARATI MAMAVIYALN

INDEXED WITH wARCEN SCINCES ADVANCED SCIENCES INDEX

CONTENTTS

English Language Page No.

Sr. Title of Research Article Author No.

Teaching of English Language in Rural Area: Problems | Jagdish K. Jangale 316-318 35 And Prospects

36 Insights and Innovations to Enrich Rural English as a 319-321 36 Second Language.

37 Teaching English Through Mother-tongue Application of Smart Phone in ELT: A Technological

Sachin M. Bhelkar

Dr. K. B. Quraishi 321-323

38 T.R. Hapgunde 323-326 Tool For Bffective Language Acquisition Problems Faced By English Teachers in Rural Area: An 326-327 39

rerview 40 Technology and English Language Teaching

41 Advantages of Using 1CT in Teaching English Teaching English as a Second Language in Rural India

Teaching and Learning English: Experiments in Indian N. D. Gawande

S. A. Pawar

V.P. Shekokar 327-329 Dr. Mariam Thomas 329-331

42 S. Aleemuddin 331-333

333-336 43 Classroomns

44 Teaching & Learning English in Rural hidia: Its P.S. Athawale & 336-338

Problems & Remedies M.R. Thakare Role Of Computer Assisted Language Laboratory in N. R. Jadha0 338-341 45 Learning English Language

46 Action Research: Bridging Theory and Practice

English Language Teaching in Rural Areas: DifficultiesL.C. Ujede

Dr. Tasneem Anjum 342-343

343-347 47 and Remedi�s.

48 Teaching English Through Mother Tongue 347-348 A. R. Aney

R.A. Landage, R. C. Korde & R. K. Lahoti

Contemporary Indian Women Novelist: A Review 49 349-353

Struggle of Female Protagonists Against the 50 Background of the Prairies with Reference to Willa M.P. Chikhalkar 354-355

Cather's 'O Pioneer! and 'My Antonia"

PROIPAL OTA OHAATI MAHAVIYALS

Vidyabharad International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (5pecial Proceeding Issue) ISSN 2319-4979

Keywords: Language, Education, Knowledge. English teachers imparting education in rural

area are under tremendous burden of socio-cconomic periphery of students and their parents. It is found in many cases that the parents themselves are less

educated and therefore are not much more aware of the importance of education. The tendency leads to instilling in students lethargic attitude. It results in indifference to studies in and outside the school and college campuses. The students forming such notion neglect shudies of the English language as they are preoccupied with the fear that it is a language of elites. Such a negative notion hamper the playful atmospherc in the class of English teachers and a lot of efforts have to be done by the teachers to forge the students mind with positive inclination and leaning towards English language learning.

For many years Indian classrooms followed the Grammar Translation Method in English Language Teaching (ELT). It resulted in giving too much emphasis on grammar learning and it is generally found in non-English medium classes even at undergraduate level that with some exceptions more and more students give importance to English, grammar learning. The general trend expects that the._tudents should, acquaint with a language in the se�uence of Listening; Speaking, Reading and Writing (LSRW). ;Th� scope of teacher is hampered and his her many hours go waste in identifying and creating the self-confidence of students Fundamentally and language is leant in its cultural adherence. For it, curricula designers and experts need

to pay attention to it. The students learning English in

the countryside are non-English medium students and require wholesome appreciation in the class. Keeping in the vicw thcir aspirations, curiculum needs to be designed. Teaching tne pocm "The Waste Land" in Indian cultural context may create ambiguity in the mind of the non-English medium students. It would require on part of the teacher to create suitable atmosphere by adding and supplementing teaching with proper audio visual aids. astonishment, our classrooms in the rural places even lack primary teaching aids. In the fast changing world, there are to be followedmany exemplary shifts from language to literature and literature to language. It is no time to get used to traditional methods and techniques of ELT. However it is essential for ELT teachers of follow contemporary

literary challenge to them when teaching the countryside students. Hence it is quite difficult to prepare students for "listening to speaking", "listening to reading" and slhe can overcome hurdles by herhis constant pursuit in the arena of knowledge. Categorically students from the

urban. and rural locality may find some difference in their behaviorál attitude and learning prospects as they

differ in social milieu and financial status despite it no division of teachers can be made on the basis of locality wherein they teach as true teachers are foster father and mother of their students.

And again to our

ies and practices in vogue. It is certainly a

References

E. Harold Palmer, The Oral Method of Teaching

Language. H. Wyatt. The Teaching of English in India.

H. K. Gaurav. Tcaching aspects of EnglishLanguageP. Gurrey, English as a Foreign Language.

TECHNOLOGY AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING

V.P. ShekokarVidya bharati mahavidyalaya,Amravati.

AbstractIn this paper, an attenmpt is made to review the new trends in this area of language leaching resent years and some

suggestions are made with practical experience. Use of ICT is also a step forward for English Language Teaching and it has to be implemented without fail.ICT comprises communication devices such as radio, television, interactive

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Vidyabharati International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (Special Proceeding lssue) ISSN 2319-4979

boards, and android mobiles ,blogs, social media, projectors, computer, laptop, tablet, internet, audio equipments, scanner, printers, E-maiB and many more are supporting jor teaching and learning process in schools,colleges and universities

Keywords:- Computer, content, teclinology In this continuous learning era, teachers are expected to engage in secking professional development and learning whenever there is possibility. The need of the 1our is to equip the students with proficiency in the English language and this is possible only with theproper use of ICT tools in teaching English. These innovative tools are making rapid changes in the educational environment and English language

teaching. ICT tools for Teaching English.

Introduction

English is used in India in official, professional, personal and academic circle. India is a developing country trying t open its feathers in the sky of developed countrics. Use of Intemet and other electronic devices have opened gates of accepting English as language of changing scenario. As the world is shrinking day by day and culture barriers are breaking, I think there is a great need of not only learning English but accepting new and emerging trends of English language learning and teaching. English in International scenario English is used widely not only in India, but at over the world. It works as a connecting language across the barriers. The use of English asteaching. It can increase student motivation. It is also

global language and first language of world makes it really impossible to discuss anything about it. Use Internet and related ,electronic gadgets, devices can the -form of articles, resource material for teacher, only possiöle with the well versed knowledge of English. All developed countries use English as main medium of instruction and all scientific and technical*

know'edge is based on it.

English Teaching in the past. English Lánguage Teaching is a continuous process which needs many changes and we are observing

changes from time to time. There was a time when English started in Britain and now maniy changes Dccurred in British English also. Teaching English has

changed significantly over the centuries. As a

compulsory subject, it was very challenging to the

English language teacher to teach the foreign students. The teacher taught English as a knowledge subject and not as a skill subject. They use "Grammar Method" and

this method ignores the development of communication

skill. There are other methods such as bilingual method,

Internet The, teachers have been using internet in the language lassroom for more than ten year. There are several

possible reasons for using the Intermet in Language

believed that learning computer skill is essential to

students' future success. It is a source of information in

lession plans, audio video files and maný more. Internet has been becoming an èxtraordinary source of information in the practice of English Language teaching. Hence, it can be stated among the various advantages, the first and the main advantage or benefit of using the Internet for teachers is the fact that it provides a large amount of teaching resources. It is through the Internet that teachers could easily get various matcrials for their teaching. Some primary sources of materials are sites such as OneStopEnglish at http://www.onesstopenglish.com/ which features plenty of materials and lesson plans for regular use and the BBCI British Council collaboration also has plenty of resources on ts Teaching English site at

http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/.The use of intemet in the practice of English language teaching is unavoidable

direct method, audio-lingual method and Youtube communicative language teaching etc. but no method

was perfect method. Teachers have ever been in search

of superior method of teaching English. The teachers

now started leaving behind Traditional way of teaching

and learning English. Use of Internet and other

electronic devices and media has changed the teaching

and leaning of English. Of the many changes and

trends taken place in ELT.

lunovations

The teachers are using videos for language teaching has been one of the most effective ways to achieve successin the classroom. The ELT teacher has been using the videos for teaching English language skills since many years now. The organizations like BBC have even been creating video content for teaching purposes. In the past time there were many hurdles in accessing the authentic video content. But YouTube for last six seven years has been making the diference t it by sharing website. The

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Vidyabharati Intemational Interdisciplinary Research Journal (Special Proceeding Issue) ISSN 2319-4979

real advantage of YouTube is that it offers authentic Cxamples of everyday English used by everyday people.

At the same time use of YouTube videos enables

teachers to attach the students to the real life nature of

these video. The benefits of using YouTube toi 2LT are

teachers get free video content on differcut topics. The teacher can use the videos as a tool for improving learner's Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing

skills. Blogs A blog is a discussion or informational site published on

the World Wide Web. As the blogs is a great way to share information and generate discussion. Now educators started using such type of social media to teach students. Teachers can use a platform such as

Blogspot and Wordpress to start the blog. Teacher could

pdate his/her blog any time and on any topic. He/she ould also post photos as well as audio-video on a

different topic. He /she should encourage the students to

visit blog frequently. Teachers should read regularly the. most important blogs of a English language teacher's

and educator's blogs.

Podcast A podcast is a digital medium consisting of an episodic series or ePub files subscribed and downloaded through web syndication or streamed online to a computer or mobile device. Using podcasts

in the classroom is very easy. The teacher can download

many free ELT podcasts on the Internet to use in classrooms. There are lot of podcasts available to be

downloading in the form of MP3, audio, video to be

used in classes.

of audio, digital radio, PDF, to

Sum up The technology is developing day by day. In this

information age we should be able tó amalgam with this

technology to use properly in educational field. The

recent trends in ELT are the use of Information

Communication Technology has been affected a lot.

There are many more tools such as, android phones,

tablets and social media i.e. facebook, twitter etc. would

be used as an adyançed tools for teaching and learning .

English language.

References

Cameron, L. (2005) Teäching Language to young learners. Cambridge: Cambridge Upiversity Press.

Cummins, J., & Davison, C.(2007). International

handbook of English language teaching (Vol. 15).Springer. Raimes, A. (1991). Out of the woods: Emerging traditions in the teaching of writing. Tesol Quarterly,

25(3), 407- 430.

Murphy, J. M., & Stoller, F. L. (2001). Suatained-

content language teaching: An emerging definition. Tesol Journal, 10(2/3), 3-6. www.Wikipedia (2006) teaching English as a foreign

language. Retrieved Jan 16, 2009 from

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcast http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/community/blogs https://www.teachingenglish.org.uklarticle/blogging- elt

°°°*°**°

ADVANTAGES OF USING ICT IN TEACHING ENGLISH

M. Thomas MJF College, Amravati

The modern world is driven by technology. From the

innovations and discoveries that are taking place, a lot is spreading to the field of teaching also. A great

amount of re_earch has also been undertaken to know

about the usefulness and effect of these latest

outmoded ones and leave its imprint on the people

concerned. There are many new developments and technological innovations that play a crucial role in modernizing the trends prevalent in the field of teaching. And any teacher who is clever and blessed with a fertile developments on teaching and learning. Every now and

then a lot of new developments replace the old and imagination can make proper use of these gadgets developed by technology to improve his teaching. This

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