44. MEÐUNARODNI KONGRES I IZLOŽBA

O GREJANJU HLAÐENJU I KLIMATIZACIJI

Beograd, Sava centar, 4–6. XII 2013.

ZBORNIK RADOVA

THE PROCEEDINGS44th INTERNATIONAL

CONGRESS & EXHIBITIONON HEATING, REFRIGERATION

AND AIR CONDITIONINGBelgrade, Sava Center, 4–6. XII 2013.

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SADRŽAJ • CONTENTS

PLENARNA PREDAVANJA • PLENARY SESSIONS

1. TEHNOLOGIJE ZA ENERGETSKI EFIKASNE ZGRADE EVROPE TECHNOLOGIES FOR EUROPEAN ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS Karel Kabele, Univerzitet u Pragu, Češka Republika, predsednik REHVA-e2. OSNOVE ULTRALJUBIČASTOG ZRAČENJA ZA DEZINFEKCIJU VAZDUHA I POVRŠINA FUNDAMENTALS OF ULTRAVIOLET GERMICIDAL IRRADIATION FOR AIR AND SURFACE DISIN-

FECTION William P. Bahnfleth, The Pennsylvania State University, predsednik ASHRAE-a3. IZOLACIONI MATERIJALI IZVRSNIH OSOBINA HIGH PERFORMANCE INSULATION MATERIALS K. Ghazi Wakili, EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology4. KOGENERACIJA – VAŽNOST ZA ODRŽIVE GRADOVE COGENERATION – AN ISSUE FOR SUSTAINABLE CITIES Miodrag Mesarovic, ENTEL, Energoprojekt, Beograd5. RASHLADNA FLUIDI: DANAS I ŠTA DOLAZI REFRIGERANTS: NOW AND IN THE MAKING Pega Hrnjak, University of Illinois, Urbana, USA, Secretary of IIR Commission E2, IIAR Board of Directors6. KA ODRŽIVIM ZGRADAMA I ZAJEDNICAMA MODERNIM IK-TEHNOLOGIJAMA SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS AND COMMUNITIES BY MEANS OF MODERN IC-TECHNOLOGIES Jorma Pietiläinen, Senior scientists, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland

Sesija I. CENTRALNA I DISTRIBUIRANA GENERACIJA ENERGIJE I OBNOVLJIVI IZVORI ENERGIJE

Session I. CENTRAL AND DISTRIBUTED ENERGY GENERATION AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

7. DALJINSKO HLAĐENJE MOGUĆNOST JEFTINIJEG KOMFORA, BRŽE DEKARBONIZACIJE I POVE-ĆANE SIGURNOSTI SNABDEVANJA, STANJE TEHNOLOGIJE

DISTRICT COOLING: AN OPPORTUNITY FOR CHEAPER COMFORT, FASTER DECARBURIZATION AND IMPROVED SECURITY OF SUPPLY. STATE OF THE ART

Aleksandar Ivančic, Thermal Science, Aiguasol, Španija8. PROMENA KLIME, OBNOVLJIVI IZVORI ENERGIJE I ODRŽIVOST CLIMATE CHANGE, RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES AND SUSTAINABILITY, Verica Gburčik, NVO Škola za opstanak, Beograd9. TEHNIČKE MOGUĆNOSTI DIREKTNE ZAMENE UGLJA SA BIOMASOM U DALJINSKIM SISTEMIMA

GREJANJA U SRBIJI TECHNICAL POSSIBIITIES FOR DIRECT REPLACEMENT OF COAL BY THE BIOMASS IN DISTRICT

HEATING SYSTEMS IN SERBIA, Radmilo Savic, Petar Vasiljevic, JKP „Beogradske elektrane“, Beograd 10. PERSPEKTIVE SOLARNOG DALJINSKOG GREJANJA U SRBIJI PROSPECTS FOR SOLAR DISTRICT HEATING IN SERBIA, Nenad Miloradović, Toplana Cerak, JKP „Beogradske elektrane“, Beograd11. ZAMENA MAZUTA I UGLJA BIOMASOM U SDG SRBIJE – RAZVOJ PROGRAMA ODRŽIVOG I EKO-

LOŠKI PRIHVATLJIVOG POSLOVANJA TOPLANA REPLACEMENT OF OIL AND COAL USING BIOMASS IN SERBIAN DHS – A ROADMAP TO SUSTAIN-

ABLE AND ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY DHS BUSINESS IN SERBIA, Petar Vasiljevic, JKP „Beogradske elektrane“, Beograd 12. ENERGETSKA EFIKASNOST U DALJINSKIM SISTEMIMA GREJANJA ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEM Dragan Šoškic, JP „Toplifikacija“, Lazarevac

Sesija II. BALANSIRANJE POTREBA ENERGIJE SISTEMA ZGRADE I PROIZVODNJE ENERGIJE „PAMETNOM MREŽOM“

Session II. BALANCING BUILDINGS SYSTEMS ENERGY DEMAND AND BUILDING’S ENERGY PRODUCTION VIA SMART GRID

13. ENERGETSKI POKAZATELJI KONZUMNOG PODRUČJA PD EDB U PERIODU 2008–2012. ENERGY INDICATORS OF THE EDB CONSUMPTION AREA IN THE PERIOD 2008–2012 Dušan Vukotic, PD „Elektrodistribucija – Beograd“ d.o.o., Beograd 14. SISTEM ZA DALJINSKO OČITAVANJE I UPRAVLJANJE POTROŠNJOM U PD„ELEKTRODISTRIBUCI-

JA BEOGRAD“ SYSTEM FOR REMOTE METER READING AND LOAD MANAGEMENT IN PD ELEKTRODISTRIBUCI-

JA BEOGRAD“ Srđan Miloševic, PD „Elektrodistribucija – Beograd“ d.o.o., Beograd15. INTEGRACIJA PAMETNIH ZGRADA U PAMETNE MREŽE SMART BUILDINGS INTEGRATION IN SMART GRIDS Slobodan Lukovic, Faculty of Informatics – ALaRI University of Lugano Lugano, Switzerland, Velimir Čongra-

dac, Filip Kulic, Fakultet tehničkih nauka Univerziteta u Novom Sadu, Novi Sad16. ISTRAŽIVANJE MIKRO-TRIGENERACIONIH SISTEMA ZASNOVANIH NA OBNOVLJIVIM IZVORI-

MA ENERGIJE RESEARCH OF MICRO-TRIGENERATION SYSTEMS BASED ON RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES Marko Mančic, Dragoljub Živkovic, Velimir Stefanovic, Milena Todorovic, Mašinski fakultet, Niš 17. PRIKLJUČENJE SOLARNIH ELEKTRANA MALE SNAGE NA KONZUMNOM PODRUČJU PD EDB CONNECTION OF THE SMALL SOLAR POWER PLANTS AT THE EDB CONSUMPTION AREA Dušan Vukotic, PD „Elektrodistribucija – Beograd“ d.o.o., Beograd 18. OIE INTEGRISANO STAMBENO/KOMUNALNO RENOVIRANJE I MODELIRANJEM PREDVIĐAJUĆA

PAMETNA KONTROLA ZA GRADOVE NULA EMISIJE COS RES INTEGRATED RESIDENTIAL-MUNICIPAL REFURBISHMENT & MODELING PREDICTIVE

SMART CONTROL FOR ZERO COS EMISSION CITIES Marija S. Todorovic, Akademija inženjerskih nauka Srbije, Petar Vasiljevic, JKP „Beogradske elektrane“, Beo-

grad

Sesija III. KGH I OIE U INTEGRALNOM PROJEKTOVANJU ODRŽIVIH ZGRADA I RENOVIRANJU

Session III. HVAC & RES INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE BUILDING DESIGN AND RENOVATION

19. ALATKA ZA VREDNOVANJE I UNAPREĐENJE OSOBINA JAVNIH ZGRADA TOOL FOR BENCHMARKING AND IMPROVING THE ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC BUILD-

INGS Bogdan V. Prebiračevic, i Velimir Čongradac, Fakultet tehničkih nauka Univerziteta u Novom Sadu, Novi Sad,

ION Solutions, Novi Sad 20. ENERGETSKA EFIKASNOST GRAĐEVINSKOG OBJEKTA – NEDOUMICE I ZABLUDE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF BUILDINGS – UNCERTAINTY AND MISCONCEPTIONS Mile S. Šiljak, Visoka tehnička škola strukovnih studija, Požarevac21. UPOREDNA ANALIZA OIE INTEGRISANOG ENERGETSKOG RENOVIRANJA VISOKOSPRATNIH I

NISKOSPRATNIH OBJEKATA COMPARATIVE ANALISYS OF TWO CASES OF RES-INTEGRATED ENERGY REFURBISHMENT,

HIGH-RISE AND LOW-RISE PREFABRICATED RESIDENTIAL BUILDING Dubravka Matić, ETSAB, Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Marija S. Todorović, Academy of

Engineering Science of Serbia, Jaume R. Calzada, ETSAB, Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, 22. GLAVNI ENERGETSKI, EKONOMSKI I EKOLOŠKI PARAMETARI JEDNE SOLARNE ELEKTRANE U

SRBIJI MAIN ENERGETIC, ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS OF ONE SOLAR POWER

PLANT IN SERBIA Marin A. Ivošev, „Solarprojekt“ Kragujevac, Marko Femc, „Plan net solar“, Ljubljana, Slovenija

23. OPTIMIZACIJA RADA ENERGETSKOG POSTROJENJA OPTIMIZATION OF POWER PLANT OPERATION Ljubinko Janjuševic, Pavle Hadžic, Miroslav Radosavljevic, Institut „Goša“, Beograd24. GEOTERMALNA ENERGIJA ILI PRIRODNI GAS U KUĆNIM INSTALACIJAMA GREJANJA – STUDIJA

SLUČAJA BEČEJ GEOTHERMAL ENERGY VERSUS NATURAL GAS HOUSE HEATING SYSTEM – A CASE STUDY FOR

BEČEJ SUBURB AREA Milana Guteša, Departman za energetiku i procesnu tehniku, Fakultet tehničkih nauka, Univerzitet Novi Sad,

Novi Sad

FORUM HLAĐENJA: POBOLJŠANJE ENERGETSKE EFIKASNOSTI U NOVIM TEHNOLOGIJAMA HLAĐENJA POGODNIM ZA OČUVANJE KLIMATSKIH USLOVA I OZONSKOG OMOTAČA

REFRIGERATION FORUM: IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN CLIMATE AND OZONE FRIENDLY LATEST REFRIGERATION TECHNOLOGIES

25. UTICAJ ULJA NA PRELAZ TOPLOTE PRI ISPARAVANJU UGLJEN-DIOKSIDA UNUTAR CEVI OIL EFFECTS ON IN-TUBE EVAPORATION OF CO2 Pega Hrnjak, „University of Illinois“, Urbana – USA, Secretary of IIR Commission E2, IIAR Board of Directors26. UGLJEN-DIOKSID (CO2) KAO SEKUNDARNI RASHLADNI FLUID – TEORIJA I STUDIJE SLUČAJEVA CO2 AS A SECONDARY REFRIGERANT – THEORY AND CASE STUDIES Alexander Pachai, Technology Manager, Sabroe Factory by Johnson Controls, Denmark, Željka Vukovic, Soko

inženjering, Beograd, Srbija 27. KORIŠĆENJE AMONIJAKA U KONFORMOM HLAĐENJU I U TOPLOTNIM PUMPAMA. PREDNOSTI,

MANE I CRNE RUPE USE OF AMMONIA IN COMFORT COOLING AND HEAT PUMP APPLICATIONS; ADVANTAGES,

DRAW-BACKS AND BLACK HOLES Gert Nielsen, Multiconsult, Nesttun, Norway28. PRIRODNI RASHLADNI FLUIDI SA KOMPRESORIMA VISOKOG PRITISKA U INDUSTRIJSKIM PO-

STROJENJIMA NATURAL REFRIGERANTS WITH HIGH PRESSURE COMPRESSORS IN INDUSTRIAL PLANTS Jan Boone, Daniel Dick, Mayekawa Europe S. A., Zaventem, Belgium29. BUDUĆI KONCEPT SA CO2 TESTIRAN U NORVEŠKOJ FUTURE CO2 CONCEPT TESTED IN NORWAY Rickard Olsson, Danfoss, Norway30. KOMPARATIVNA ANALIZA PERFORMANSI SPLIT KLIMATIZERA KOD KOGA JE R22 ZAMENJEN SA

R407C I SA R600A THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE OF SPLIT AIR CONDITIONER RETROFITTED

FROM R22 TO R407C AND R600A Sulkhan Suladze, Georgian Association of Refrigerating, Cryogenic and Air Conditioning Engineers, Tbilisi,

Georgia, Zaur Kvinikadze, Lela Kvinikadze, Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia 31. ALTERNATIVNE RADNE TVARI, POGLED SA POZICIJE PROIZVOĐAČA RASHLADNIH KOMPRESORA REFRIGERANT ALTERNATIVES FROM THE COMPRESSOR MANUFACTURER’S POINT OF VIEW Damir Žilic, EmersonClimate Technologies, Zagreb, Hrvatska, Thomas Tomski, EmersonClimate Technologies

GmbH, Aachen, Germany32. KARAKTERISTIKE MIKROKANALSKIH RAZMENJIVAČA TOPLOTE (RAĐENA ISPITIVANJA U CTS-u) CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROCHANEL HEAT EXCHANGERS Nemanja Džinic, Pega Hrnjak, Creative Thermal Solutions & MPG-KGH d.o.o.33. PARAMETARSKA ANALIZA RADA TOPLOTNE PUMPE ZA PRIPREMU VAZDUHA ZA PROVETRA-

VANJE SKLADIŠTA ŠEĆERA PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF HEAT PUMP OPERATION FOR SUGAR STORAGE VENTILATION Uroš Milovančevic, Franc Kosi, Milena Stojkovic, Snežana Stevanovic, Mašinski fakultet, Beograd

ZAKONSKA REGULATIVA R. SRBIJE I EVROPSKI PROPISI O „F“ GASOVIMA SERBIAN LEGISLATION AND EUROPIAN „F“ GAS LEGISLATION

34. UNEP: TRENDOVI POTROŠNJE ODS NA OSNOVU IZVEŠTAJA BR. 7 ZA 2012. UNEP: ODS CONSUMPTION TRENDS BASED ON REPORTED ARTICLE 7 DATA FOR 2012 Halvart Koeppen, UNEP OzonAction35. NOVA ZAKONSKA RESENJA U VEZI SA POSTUPANJEM SA HCFC SUPSTANCAMA U REPUBLICI

SRBIJI PRESENTATION ON NEW POLICY AND LEGISLATIVE MEASURES RELATED TO HCFC PHASE OUT Ljubica Bolović, NOU Srbija36. PRIMENA ZAPISNIKA I SISTEMA ELEKTRONSKOG PRAĆENJA; PREZENTACIJA PREDNOSTI PRIME-

NE ZAPISNIKA ZA OPREMU KOJA SADRŽI 3 KG ILI VIŠE RASHLADNOG FLUIDA IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LOG-BOOKS & ELECTRONIC TRACKING SYSTEMS. PRESENTATION

ON THE CHALLENGES OF IMPLEMENTING LOG-BOOKS FOR EQUIPMENT CONTAINING 3 KG OR MORE REFRIGERANT

Nikola Stojanovski, Skoplje, Makedonija37. EVROPSKA REGULATIVA Br. 842 O F-GASOVIMA – PREGLED EUROPEAN F-GAS REGULATION No. 842 – OVERVIEW Risto Ciconkov, Mašinski fakultet Univerziteta „Sv. Kiril i Metodij“, Skoplje, Republika Makedonija

RASHLADNI UREĐAJI I SISTEMI REFRIGERATION MACHINES AND SYSTEMS

38. „PEGLANJE“ VRŠNOG OPTEREĆENJA INDIREKTNIM EVAPORATIVNOM HLAĐENJEM (IEC), AKU-MULACIJOM TOPLOTNE ENERGIJE (TES) I KOMBINACIJOM OBE METODE

PEAK LOAD SHAVING BY INDIRECT EVAPORATIVE COOLING (IEC), THERMAL ENERGY STOR-AGE (TES) AND A COMBINATION OF BOTH

Gert Nielsen, Multiconsult, Nesttun, Norway39. ENERGETSKA EFIKASNOST U MODERNIM ZGRADAMA; UŠTEDA ENERGIJE PRIMENOM HIBRID-

NIH TOPLOTNIH PUMPI PRI RAZLIČITIM OPTEREĆENJIMA – ISTORIJA SLUČAJA I NUMERIČKA SIMULACIJA ZA ČETVOROCEVNI SISTEM

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN THE MODERN BUILDINGS: ENERGY SAVING THROUGH THE APPLICA-TION OF HYBRID HEAT PUMPS WITH SIMULTANEOUS AND OPPOSITE LOADS – A CASE HISTORY AND A NUMERICAL SIMULATION FOR A 4-PIPES SYSTEM

Matteo Janes, Michele Babuin, Attilio Masoch, RHOSS S.p.A., Codroipo, Italy40. SISTEM HLAĐENJA SUVIM HLADNJAKOM GÜNTNER HYDROSPRAY® DRYCOOLING SYSTEM WITH GUENTNER HYDROSPRAY® Michael Freiherr, Güntner AG & Co. KG, Fürstenfeldbruck, Germany, IvanaTršelič, Fakulteta za energetiko,

Univerza v Mariboru, Slovenija41. ANALIZA I OPTIMIZACIJA ENERGETSKIH TOKOVA MALE SRPSKE VINARIJE THE ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF ENERGY FLOWS OF SMALL SERBIAN WINE CELLARS Milena Stojkovic, Franc Kosi, Uroš Milovančevic, Miša Stojicevic, Mašinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu,

Beograd42. STUDIJA ZAMENE RASHLADNOG FLUIDA R22 U SISTEMIMA HLAĐENJA I TOPLOTNIM PUMPAMA STUDY ABOUT THE R22 REPLACEMENT IN COOLING SYSTEMS AND HEAT PUMPS Liviu Drughean, Anica Ilie, Alexandru Șerban, Technical University of Civil Engineering, Bucharest, Rumunija43. MIKROKANALSKI RAZMENJIVAČ TOPLOTE ZA APSORPCIONI ČILER MALE RASHLADNE SNAGE

SA RASTVOROM AMONIJAKA I VODE HEAT EXCHANGER WITH MICRO-CHANNEL FOR ABSORPTION CHILLERS, WITH AMMONIA-WA-

TER SOLUTION, FOR SMALL COOLING POWER Florea Chiriac, Building Services Faculty, Technical University of Civil Engineering, Bucharest, Romania,

Alexandru Șerban and Gabriel Năstase, Building Services Department, Transylvania University of Brasov, Romania

Sesija IV. INFORMACIONE I KOMUNIKACIONE TEHNOLOGIJE I STUDIJE SLUČAJA

Session IV. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AND CASE STUDIES

44. SMANJENJE POTROŠNJE ENERGIJE U STAMBENIM ZGRADAMA NA BAZI OBAVLJENIH MERENJA U REALNIM USLOVIMA (BECA Projekat)

POSSIBILITIES FOR ENERGY SAVINGS IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS BASED ON MEASUREMENTS PEROFORMED IN REAL CONDITIONS (BECA Project)

Miroljub Adžic, Mašinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Beograd, Radmilo Savic, JKP „Beogradske elektra-ne“, Beograd, Maja Todorovic, Aleksandar Milivojevic, Mašinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Beograd, Đorđe Lazić, „Belit“, d.o.o. Beograd, Bojan Bogdanovic, JKP „Beogradske elektrane“, Beograd, Vasko Fotev, Vuk Adžic, Mašinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Beograd

45. ENERGETSKA EFIKASNOST ZGRADA: NOVE STRATEGIJE ZA ANALIZU OSOBINA I OPTIMIZACIJU ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF BUILDINGS: NEW STRATEGIES FOR PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND OP-

TIMIZATION Anna Laura Pisello, Centro interuniversitario di ricerca sull’Inquinamento e sull’Ambiente – „Mauro Felli“,

CIRIAF, University of Perugia, Italija46. TEMELJNO ENERGETSKO RENOVIRANJE – UNAPREĐENJEM ENERGETSKE EFIKASNOSTI, TO-

PLOTNOM PUMPOM I FN-INTEGRACIJOM KA ZGRADI „NULA ENERGIJE“ DEEP ENERGY REFURBISHMENT – ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT, HEAT PUMP & BIPV TO

APPROACH „ZERO ENERGY“ BUILDING Olivera Ecim-Đuric, Laboratorija za termodinamiku Poljoprivrednog fakulteta u Beogradu, Ivana Martinovic,

AMT Project, Marija S. Todorovic , INVI d.o.o., i Miodrag J. Vučevic, Centroprojekt, Beograd47. MODELOVANJE, SIMULACIJA I UPRAVLJANJE ZIMSKOG REŽIMA SISTEMA KLIMATIZACIJE U

UČIONICI MODELING, SIMULATION AND CONTROL OF THE AIR-CONDITIONING WINTER REGIME IN A

CLASSROOM Petar Mandic, Igor Babic, Stefan Tešanovic, Slavoljub Stojanovic, Milan Ristanovic, Dragan Lazic, Mašinski

fakultet, Beograd48. ENERGETSKI EFIKASNO REŠENJE ZA SERVIS NA AUTOPUTU U SEVERNOJ ITALIJI ENERGY EFFICIENT SOLUTIONS FOR A NEW MOTORWAY SERVICE AREA IN NORTHERN ITALY Alex Sandelewski, ASC Engineering Srl, Milan, Italija49. MODEL KONTROLE ENERGETSKE EFIKASNOSTI SOLARNOG SISTEMA TOPLOTNE PRIMENE CONTROL MODEL OF THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEM Marinko Rudic Vranic, Emnel Solar, Subotica50. TEHNOLOŠKA, EKONOMSKA I EKOLOŠKA ANALIZA ZAMJENE ENERGENTA U BOLNIČKOM

ENERGETSKOM SUSTAVU – STUDIJA SLUČAJA TECHNOLOGICAL, ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF ENERGY SOURCE RE-

PLACEMENT IN A HOSPITAL ENERGY SYSTEM – A CASE STUDY B. Delač, Z. Prelec, B. Pavkovic, Tehnički fakultet, Rijeka, Hrvatska

PROGRAM ZA STUDENTE, MLADE INŽENJERE I PROFESIONALAN RAZVOJ. Kombinovana Sesija: PREZENTACIJA STUDENATA I GLAVNIH SPONZORA KONGRESA – TROX i DAIKIN

STUDENTS, YOUNG ENGINEERS & PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM. Combined Session: STUDENTS AND THE CONGRESS MAIN SPONSORS RESENTATIONS – TROX and DAIKIN

51. RAZVOJ KONCEPCIJA KONSTRUKCIJE SISTEMA ZA PRAĆENJE SUNCA NA OSNOVU POLOŽAJA SUNCA ZA TERITORIJU KRAGUJEVCA

DEVELOPMENT OF SUN TRACKING STRUCTURAL CONCEPTS BASED ON THE POSITION OF THE SUN FOR THE TERRITORY OF CITY OF KRAGUJEVAC

N. Kostic, M. Bojic, M. Blagojevic, V. Marjanovic, M. Miletic, Fakultet inženjerskih nauka Univerziteta u Kragujevcu, Kragujevac

52. PREDSTAVJANJE NOVIH PROIZVODA FIRME TROX PRESENTATION OF THE NEW PRODUCTS OF TROX COMPANY Irena Popovic, TROX Austria GmbH, repesentative in Serbia 53. ANALIZA MERA ZA UNAPREĐENJE ENERGETSKE EFIKASNOSTI NARODNOG MUZEJA U BEOGRA-

DU ANALYSIS OF ENERGY PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT MEASURES FOR NATIONAL MUSEUM IN

BELGRADE Nikola Miletic, Radoslav Gajic, Maja Todorovic, Mašinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Beograd54. ODREĐIVANJE VAZDUŠNE PROPUSNOSTI OBJEKATA DETERMINATION OF THE BUILDINGS AIR INFILTRATION Milovan Spakić, Katedra za hidraulične mašine i energetske sisteme, Mašinskog fakulteta u Beogradu, akredito-

vana laboratorija Instalacija inženjering, Beograd55. ZAKONSKA REGULATIVA U OBLASTI ENERGETSKI EFIKASNOG ZGRADARSTVA EVROPE I SRBIJE ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING STOCK REGULATION IN EUROPEAN UNION AND SERBIA Milana Peric, M. Medojevic, Fakultet tehničkih nauka Univerziteta u Novom Sadu, Novi Sad56. CENTRALNI UPRAVLJAČKI SISTEMI CENTRAL MANGEMENT SYSTEMS Ranislav Mrdak, Tehnički konsultant, DACE Singidunum, DAIKIN, Beograd57. TOPLOTNA SNAGA DVOSTRUKO OZRAČENOG I KLASIČNOG RAVNOG VODENOG PRIJEMNIKA

SUNČEVE ENERGIJE – EKSPERIMENTALNI REZULTATI THERMAL POWER OF THE DOUBLE EXPOSURE AND THE CONVENTIONAL FLAT-PLATE WATER

SOLAR COLLECTORS – EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS N. Nikolic, N. Lukic, D. Taranovic, Fakultet inženjerskih nauka Univerziteta u Kragujevcu, Kragujevac58. SPECIJALNO KLIMATIZOVAN KABINET ZA ČUVANJE I IZLAGANJE BEOGRADSKE MUMIJE SPECIAL AIR-CONDITIONED CABINET FOR STORAGE AND DISPLAY BELGRADE’S MUMMY Čedomir Petrovic, Racionalizacija energije, Beograd59. PROJEKTOVANJE I SIMULACIJA OSOBINA ZGRADE SKORO NULA ENERGIJE DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF A NEAR-ZERO ENERGY BUILDING PERFORMANCE Stevan Nikolić, Olivera Ećim-Đurić, Poljoprivredna tehnika Poljoprivrednog fakulteta Univerziteta u Beogradu,

Beograd60. PREDSTAVLJANJE SAMSUNGA U K-MEG PROJEKTU PRESENTATION OF THE SAMSUNG IN K-MEG PROJECT Won Yang, Samsung, Republic of Korea61. GENERACIJA ELEKTRICITETA U SRPSKOJ nNEK – DIMENZIONISANJE POVRŠINE PV PANELA ZA

MINIMALNU POTROŠNJU PRIMARNE ENERGIJE ELECTRICITY GENERATION AT SERBIAN nZEB – SIZING PV PANEL AREA FOR MINIMAL PRIMARY

ENERGY CONSUMPTION D. Nikolic, M. Bojić, J. Skerlic, Fakultet inženjerskih nauka Univerziteta u Kragujevcu, Kragujevac

Sesija V. KVALITET UNUTRAŠNJE SREDINE, KONTROLA VENTILACIJE I OZELENJAVANJE

Session V. INDOOR ENVIRONMENT QUALITY, VENTILATION CONTROL AND GREENING

62. AKTIVNOSTI MONITORINGA I SERTIFIKACIJE ENERGETSKIH I EKOLOŠKIH OSOBINA ZELENIH STAMBENIH ZGRADA

MONITORING AND CERTIFICATION ACTIVITIES OF THE ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PER-FORMANCE OF GREEN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

F. Asdrubali, G. Baldinelli, F. Bianchi, CIRIAF, University of Perugia, Italija63. O ISPITIVANJU AERODINAMIČKE EFIKASNOSTI VENTILACIONIH SISTEMA ABOUT AN AERODYNAMIC EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT OF VENTILATION SYSTEMS V. Karadzhi, Y. Moskovko, INNOVENT Co, Moskva, Rusija64. EFEKTI VEGETACIONIH ZIDOVA NA TERMALNI KOMFOR ARHITEKTONSKIH OBJEKATA EFFECTS OF VEGETATION WALLS ON THERMAL COMFORT OF ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES Budimir S. Sudimac, Arhitektonski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu65. MOGUĆNOSTI KORIŠĆENJA KROVOVA U URBANIM PODRUČJIMA ZA PRIMENU ENERGIJE SUN-

CA I VETRA POTENTIALS FOR THE USE OF ROOF SURFACES IN URBAN AREAS FOR THE APPLICATION OF

RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES – SOLAR AND WIND ENERGY Filip Kanački, Netinvest, Beograd66. ZELENA INFRASTRUKTURA I ZGRADE KAO ELEMENTI INTEGRALNOG PROJEKTOVANJA ODRŽI-

VIH ZGRADA I NASELJA GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE AND BUILDINGS AS ELEMENTS OF INTEGRATED DESIGN FOR SUS-

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Monitoring and certification activities of the energy and environmental performance of green residential buildings F. Asdrubali, G. Baldinelli, F. Bianchi CIRIAF- University of Perugia - Italy ABSTRACT

The evaluation of the overall performance of a green building is complex, since many energy and environmental aspects have to be considered.

The Umbria Region in Italy, through various public tenders, has recently funded several residential buildings, innovative in terms of construction quality: green technolo-gies and sustainable solutions, such as natural building materials, integrated sunspaces, PV modules and solar collectors, geothermal heat pumps, had to be adopted to obtain the public contribution.

The paper presents the study carried out on a green residential building, as an ex-ample of successful practice, with integrated solutions. It has a particularly well insulat-ed envelope (opaque and transparent materials), a geothermal plant with heat pump and passive solar systems. The benefits were evaluated thanks to the monitoring activity car-ried out by the University of Perugia, in order to verify the actual achievement of design objectives, to certify the real savings in terms of energy and environmental loads and to assess the indoor comfort conditions for occupants. In situ measurements (thermal, acoustical and lighting performance) were carried out for a long period. Energy simula-tions were performed using a simulation code which implements the algorithms required by the Italian law. Moreover, a comparison between real consumption and estimated en-ergy requirements obtained through the simulations was carried out.

Finally, the data derived from simulations, monitoring activities and technical doc-umentation were used to characterize the building from the environmental sustainability point of view. The method of the Certification of Environmental Sustainability by Um-bria Region was used. It was borrowed from ITACA procedure (an Italian procedure similar to LEED) and consists of 22 worksheets, one for each different performance in-dicator, at the aim of carefully describing the environmental quality of the building.

1. INTRODUCTION

Public institutions play a fundamental role in the promotion of building sustainabil-ity, especially at a local level. Local and regional authorities, in fact, can influence the construction sector through specific standards (such as municipal building regulations) and the adoption of good construction practices for public buildings.

The Umbria Region issued in the last years various tenders to finance green resi-dential building at the aim of promoting building sustainability among final users [1]. Although some energy requirements are compulsory according to Italian legislation, oth-er features are optional and can be considered a good practice.

As a matter of fact, the green or sustainable buildings concept is becoming more and more popular, despite the difficulties of finding a univocal definition [2]. The com-

Monitoring and certification activities of the energy and environmental performance of green residential buildings

mon idea consists of guaranteeing a good environmental performance through an holistic approach, including various aspects such as proper orientation, choice of sustainable ma-terials, advanced plants technologies, good indoor comfort, low environmental impact and reduced natural resources depletion. A low primary energy consumption, therefore, represents a fundamental, but not unique, aspect to be considered for green buildings de-sign and evaluation.

The paper presents the results of some energy surveys carried out on sustainable residential building to show an example of successful practice and evolution of the state of the art during one year. Indeed the building is composed of two parts: one was de-signed in 2005 and the other one in 2006 and both have innovative and functional solu-tions, considering the years in which they were built. The study is a part of wider activity to evaluate, through monitoring and simulations, the real energy performance of 9 build-ings funded by the Umbria Region through various tenders.

Various measurements were carried out in the buildings, such as micro-climatic and indoor air quality measurements, in-situ envelope transmittance assessment, infrared thermography analysis, acoustic, lighting and electromagnetic measurements.

Real energy and water consumption data were also collected to validate the energy simulations performed using simulation codes implementing the energy certification process in Italy [3].

The performance of the building studied in this paper were summarized through the so called ITACA procedure that implements a method, similar to LEED, to evaluate the whole system building-environment [4]. This procedure for environmental sustaina-bility certification, adopted by the Umbria Region, deals with different issues about en-ergy and environment and it is based on five macro-areas: quality of the place, consump-tion of energy resources, environmental loads, indoor environmental quality, quality of the equipment.

2. DESCRIPTION OF THE BUILDING

The building is located in Città di Castello, in the middle of Italy. It is composed by two parts with a similar envelope, three/four floors and a basement (Fig. 1). The axis runs north-east/south-west, overlooking green areas. The first part was designed in 2005 and completed in 2008; it is rectangular with an elongated shape; there is a sequence of various blocks characterized by different heights and two different roofs: gable tiled roof and bended steel roof (Fig. 2a).

Fig. 1 – Computer model and picture of the building

The second part was designed one year after and completed in 2011, it is smaller and it is composed by only one block with a outbuilding (fig. 2b). The typology of the apartments is different, since the 2005 building has simplex and duplex flats for a total of 19 units whereas the 2006 building is composed by only simplex flats (12 units). Ta-ble 1 shows the main features of the buildings structure and envelope.

a) b) Fig. 2 – Technical views of the two buildings

The envelope of the two parts is different particularly considering insulating mate-

rial used, in fact, the building designed in 2006 has a natural insulation material whereas the other envelope has mineral wool. The choice to use natural insulating materials for the second building represents a positive trend, since these materials generally present a lower value of embodied energy than conventional ones. Two type of external surface characterize both building: bricks facades and plastered wall. Windows have a wooden frame with double glass and show a good thermal performance.

Table 1 – Main features of the buildings

Year of design 2005 2006 N° of flats 19 12

Net floor area (m2) 1442 865 Envelope/external walls Bricks facades and plastered walls Bricks facades and plastered walls External wall thermal

insulation mineral wool Panel in wood-wool cement

As far as plants, the building is characterized by solar passive systems like sun-

spaces, which are located towards green areas and which contribute to energy saving during wintertime, and shading devices to control solar radiation during summertime; both parts have rainwater recovery systems characterized by two 600 liters tanks in the 2005 building and four 600 liters tanks in the 2006 building. The experience gained by the builder with the first construction helped to improve some aspects in the second building. Indeed, the main difference between the two parts lies in heating generation. The first part has a centralized condensing boiler with radiant floor and solar thermal system composed by 18 panels with evacuated-tube collector (3.2 m2). The second part has an efficient system diffused in recent years: a geothermal heat pump with radiant floor. Moreover, both parts have a photovoltaic plant: 11.8 kW for the first block to gen-erate electricity for common areas (stairs, external lighting) and 14.8 kW for the second block, to generate electricity for the heat pump, making the whole system more sustaina-ble. Table 2 summarizes the main green and sustainability solutions used in both blocks of the building.

Monitoring and certification activities of the energy and environmental performance of green residential buildings

Table 2 – Green features of the buildings

Year of design 2005 2006 Solar passive system Solar shading device Solar thermal system

PV plant Natural insulating materials

Centralized heating Condensing boiler Geothermal heat pump Radiant floor

Rainwater recovery system

3. MONITORING ACTIVITIES AND ENERGY SIMULATIONS

During the construction phase of the two buildings it was possible to control and track the various steps. Figures 3a and 3b show respectively the 2005 and the 2006 blocks during construction.

a) b) Fig. 3 - Construction phases of the two buildings

It is particularly important to pay attention on the thermal bridge which can be generated between walls and windows or the acoustic bridge between two different apartments or between indoor and outdoor. These issues were solved, for the studied case, taking care of the minimum details in the installation of insulating materials, win-dows, doors and all building components. Some construction details are shown in figure 4.

Fig. 4 – Placement of the acoustic and thermal insulation materials

Moreover, the installation of thermal plants was monitored to check the correct placement of pipes in radiant floor and to control all phases of perforation and installa-tion of geothermal probes (fig. 5).

Fig. 5 - Installation of the thermal plants: radiative floor and geothermal probe

To evaluate the behavior of the building during its exercise phase, two sample

apartments were chosen and monitoring activities and energy simulations were carried out. Particularly, each apartment belongs to one different block in order to assess possi-ble differences. Both apartments are located on the first floor: the first one (2005 build-ing) has a surface of 88.6 m2 with a sunspace system on the south-west side (fig. 6a). The second apartment (2006 building) has a surface of 69.5 m2 with a sunspace system facing south-west (fig. 6b).

a) b) Fig. 6 – Layout plan of two apartments

Monitoring and certification activities of the energy and environmental performance of green residential buildings

In this paper only measured parameters linked to energy and indoor comfort condi-

tions of the occupants are reported, omitting the acoustic results. All in-situ measure-ments were conducted with specific instrumentations that allowed to get accurate results in terms of thermal transmittance, lighting and indoor comfort. The main results of the simulation and monitoring activities are reported in table 3.

The thermal transmittance of the wall was compared with the thermal transmit-tance calculated through the data sheets of the material constituting the wall. In particu-lar, the calculated thermal transmittance [5] for the first building is equal to 0.37 W/m2K and for the second building is equal to 0.39 W/m2K. Italian laws define the limits of buildings thermal transmittance depending on the climatic zone and according to the year of construction; for both buildings the limit is equal to 0.46 W/m2K (Climatic zone E). In situ measurements [6] show that the first wall has a thermal transmittance equal to 0.34 W/m2K and the second equal to 0.44 W/m2K with an uncertainty of 15%. The re-sults represent the real insulation of the walls, showing that the use of natural insulation materials has a lower performance than the conventional one used in the first block. This may appear as a decrease in the performance but the use of natural materials underlines a change of culture of the builders towards a bigger respect of the environment, keeping at the same time the performance within the limits suggested by Italian laws.

The lighting and indoor measurement sessions were carried out in winter and summertime, trying to obtain an overall screening of the comfort situation [7]. It is nec-essary to consider that everyone inside his/her house administrates the technological sys-tems in a different way, everyone manages windows or sunscreen openings according to his/her habits; all these factors contribute to involve a high number of variables. The fol-lowing parameters were measured in the tested apartments, switching off the electric lighting sources: illuminance E (lux) due to daylight (at the same time the outdoor illu-minance was also measured), luminance L (cd/m2) due to daylight, window and floor areas Sw e Sf (m2). Moreover, the daylight factor (%) was calculated as a single index parameter for an overall evaluation resulting for both apartments a positive and effective use of daylight (respectively 3.6% and 3.2%). These results are confirmed evaluating the window-to-floor area average ratio that is higher than (Sw/Sf)lim (the limit is 1/6) (Table 3). As far as the indoor comfort, two multichannel systems linked to different probes were used to get the instrumental data set, which were post-processed to obtain the clas-sical comfort indexes PMV and PPD, according to UNI EN ISO 7730 [8]. The results obtained from these measurements show that both apartments have good performance and assure a good habitability of the structure with PMV generally included within -0.2 and 0.2 and PPD values are under 10% during the winter and autumn seasons and in-cluded within -0.5 and 0.5 and PPD values are under 15% during the spring and summer seasons (Table 3).

The energy performance simulations were implemented by means of the code MC4SUITE that follows the calculation algorithms proposed by the Italian Standard on energy certification [9]. The software includes a module for the evaluation of solar pan-els contribution to cover the domestic hot water needs.

As far as the determination of the solar greenhouse effect, the heat gains were es-timated with the “Method 5000”, a procedure developed in France in 1982, within a re-search activity linked to the competition “5000 Maison Solaires” [10].

The Italian Standard was applied only to one apartment, to assess the building an-swer to the national energy certification. As a matter of fact, the two constructions were

analyzed with a dynamic software, Energy Plus [11], which better approximates the en-velope behavior in correspondence to variable external climatic conditions, supplying also a detailed energy evaluation of the passive solar solutions.

The global winter consumption of the first apartment results equal to 28.05 kWh/(m2year) and 28.90 kWh/(m2year), according respectively to the steady-state and dynamic calculations, highlighting a significant contribution of the solar greenhouse and solar collectors. The relative classification is “A”. The second apartment is also posi-tioned in Class “A”, with a dynamic performance of 32.30 kWh/(m2 year), conforming in both cases that the design process dedicated a proper attention to the building insula-tion and to the choice of high performance thermal plants.

The envelope summer energy performance of both apartments respects the limits of the Italian law (about 24 kWh/(m2year)) and gaining a medium category on the sum-mer performance classification, which assigns Class I to the best position and Class V to the worst. This ranking takes into account of the dynamic parameters of the walls and solar heat gain of the transparent surfaces.

The simulation results of the first apartment were compared to its real consump-tions gathered with an heat flow metering instrument. The monitoring lasted four years and gave a primary energy consumption of 24.20 kWh/(m2year), showing a good adher-ence to the predicted value as well as a correct heating plant management by the users. Data for the second apartment are still considered not robust since they are referred only to one season.

Table 3 – Results of the simulation and monitoring activities

Construction year

Energy performance indexes Lighting Comfort Analysis

Thermal transmittance of the wall Winter energy class/[kWh/m2year]

Summer energy class

Daylight factor DF

(%)

Window-to-floor

area ratio Sw/Sf

PMV Autumn Winter

PMV Spring

Summer

PPD Autumn Winter

PPD Spring

Summer

2005 0.34 A/28.05 III 3.6 0.180 0.01 0.46 5.06 9.91 2006 0.44 A/32.30 III 3.2 0.153 -0.16 0.35 6.81 10.84

4. ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY CERTIFICATION

The Umbria Region, with the law n. 17 of 2008 and the relative standards, has in-troduced a new certification methodology, on a voluntary base for private buildings but compulsory for public buildings. The certification deals with the Environmental Sustain-ability of Buildings, it is composed of 22 technical sheets, inspired by the so called na-tional methodology “Protocollo Itaca”[4], similar to LEED.

The sheets deal with various environmental and energy aspects of the building to be certified, classified into 5 macro-areas and many sub-criteria, and in particular (see also Table 5):

1) QUALITY OF THE SITE: the building is analyzed in relation to its environ-mental contest (3 sheets);

2) RESOURCES CONSUMPTION: the building energy, water and other goods consumption is analyzed (10 sheets);

3) ENVIRONMENTAL LOADS: the impacts of the building on air and water dur-ing its exercise phase are analyzed (3 sheets);

4) INDOOR COMFORT: the overall indoor comfort (thermohygrometric, visual and acoustic) is evaluated (4 sheets);

5) QUALITY OF THE SERVICE: deals with aspects such as maintenance and domotics (2 sheets).

For each sheet a score is assigned from “poor “ (-1) to excellent (+5); the (weighted) sum of the scores obtained in the five evaluation areas generates the final score of the building, expressed in hundreds; the certification class is therefore assigned, according to the values reported in table 4. A building in class D does not obtain the Environmental Sustainability Certification. Table 4 – Classes of the Environmental Certification Procedure by Umbria Region

FINAL SCORE CLASS 85 -100 A+ 70 - <85 A 55 - <70 B 40 - <55 C

< 40 D

Table 5 reports, as an example, the single scores obtained by the 2005 building. The five areas are divided into many levels, which analyze the building from different points of view. The methodology seems to produce an accurate evaluation of the overall environmental sustainability of a building, allowing at the same time to perform a sensi-tivity analysis on the points of weakness and of strengths of the building itself.

Table 5– Environmental Sustainability Certification of Umbria Region: final scores for the 2005 building CRITERIA 100.00% 51.93 1. Quality of the site 7.79% 3.00 1.1 Conditions of the site 28.36% 1.33 1.1.1 Urbanization level of the site 100.00% 2.21% 3 1.33 1.2 Access to services 71.64% 1.67 1.2.1 Access to public transport 50.00% 2.79% -1 -0.56

Monitoring and certification activities of the energy and environmental performance of green residential buildings 1.2.2 Distance from cultural and commercial services 50.00% 2.79% 4 2.23 2. Resources consumption 54.13% 27.70 2.1 Non renewable primary energy 45.29% 18.51 2.1.1 Thermal transmittance of the building envelope 25.00% 6.17% 4 4.94 2.1.2 Primary Energy for heating 25.00% 6.17% 3 3.70 2.1.3 Solar radiation control 25.00% 6.17% 5 6.17 2.1.4 Summer cooling energy demand 25.00% 6.17% 3 3.70 2.2 Energy production from renewables 22.64% 1.23 2.2.1 Thermal energy for domestic hot water 50.00% 6.17% -1 -1.23 2.2.2 Electricity 50.00% 6.17% 2 2.47 2.3 Eco-friendly materials 23.05% 7.96 2.3.1 Materials from renewable sources 47.77% 5.28% 3 3.17 2.3.2 Recyclable materials 34.07% 4.28% 4 3.42 2.3.3 Local materials 18.16% 2.28% 3 1.37 2.4 Drinkable water 9.02% 0.00 2.4.1 Drinkable water for indoor use 100.00% 5.27% 0 0.00 3. Environmental loads 17.12% 12.56 3.1 Equivalent CO2 emissions 36.51% 4.90 3.1.1 Emissions during exercise phase of the building 100.00% 6.12% 4 4.90 3.2 Waste water 63.49% 7.66 3.2.1 Rain water stored and reused 50.00% 5.68% 3 3.41 3.2.2 Soil permeability 50.00% 5.32% 4 4.26 4. Indoor environmental quality 15.76% 8.67 4.1 Ventilation 25.00% 2.36 4.1.1 Ventilation 100.00% 3.94% 3 2.36 4.2 Thermohygrometric comfort 25.00% 3.15 4.2.1 Air temperature 100.00% 3.94% 4 3.15 4.3 Visual comfort 25.00% 0.00 4.3.1 Daylighting 100.00% 3.94% 0 0.00 4.4 Acoustic comfort 25.00% 0.00 4.4.1 Sound insulation of the building envelope 100.00% 3.94% 0 0.00 5. Quality of the service 5.20% 0.00 5.1 Maintenance of the performance during exercise phase 50.00% 0.00 5.1.1 Availability of technical documentation 100.00% 2.60% 0 0.00 5.2 Domotics 50.00% 0.00 5.2.1 Quality of cabling system 100.00% 2.60% 0 0.00

The final score for the two buildings is 51.93 for the 2005 building and 63.76 for

the 2006 building. According to the values of table 4, both buildings obtain the environ-mental sustainability certification, respectively in class C and B. These results are par-ticularly satisfactorily, since both buildings were designed before the procedure was is-sued by Umbria Region. CONCLUSIONS

An extensive monitoring activity of a green residential building – composed of two blocks designed respectively in 2005 and 2006 - was carried out in order to verify the actual energy and environmental performance of the buildings. The buildings were fund-ed thanks to some public tenders of the Umbria Region in Italy, aimed to widespread the principles of bio-architecture within designers, construction companies and final users.

The building, thanks to its design solutions (highly insulated envelope, geothermal plant with heat pump, passive solar systems) can be considered an example of successful practice. In situ measurements (thermal, acoustical and lighting performance), energy simulations and real consumption acquisitions were performed.

The results are significant from the energy and indoor comfort points of view: both buildings fall within the highest class (A) of Italian law energy certification, have a satis-

factory daylight factor and good indoor comfort indexes (PMD and PMV). In situ meas-urements, however, show that the actual thermal transmittance can be quite different from the design value, so that a great attention has to be paid to the construction phase.

The analysis of the real energy consumption for heating and domestic hot water, conducted through a heat flow metering instrument, gives a value of 24.20 kWh/m2 year, showing a good agreement with predicted values (about 28 kWh/m2 year),

The two buildings were finally characterized from the environmental sustainability point of view, using the methodology issued by Umbria Region, which is a really com-prehensive and complex procedure, taking into account all the energy and environmental impacts and benefits. Both the 2005 and the 2006 building obtain the certification, re-spectively in class C and B, showing that the evolution of the market, also due to stricter laws, leads to higher environmental performance.

It may be concluded that the public tenders issued by Umbria Region have suc-ceeded in orienting the designers and constructors towards more sustainable, green building processes.

REFERENCES

1. Legge Regionale n. 23, Regione Umbria. Norme di riordino in materia di edilizia residenziale pubblica; Italy, 2003.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The Authors wish to thank Giuliana Mancini, Michele Farabbi and Lauro Marinelli from the Housing Policies Office of Region Umbria, for the support given to the present research.