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Fakultas Teknologi Industri

Institut Teknologi Bandung

@2013

KU1267

Menggambar Teknik

Teori Proyeksi

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Hasil Pembelajaran

Umum

Memberikan keterampilan menggunakan gambar

teknik (2D dan 3D) sebagai media komunikasi standar

dalam rekayasa teknik

Khusus

Memahami teori proyeksi serta mampu memilih dan

merepresentasikan pandangan

Memahami teknik-teknik setsa serta mampu

melakukan perancangan sketsa bebas (freehand)

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Metoda Proyeksi

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Metoda Proyeksi

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Metoda Proyeksi

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Metoda Proyeksi

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Metoda Proyeksi

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Changing Viewpoint

Changing the position of the object relative to the line of sight creates

different views of the same object

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Perspective Projection

Radiating lines of sight

produce a perspective

projection

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Parallel Projection

Parallel lines of sight

produce a parallel

projection

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Parallel Projection

Parallel projection techniques can be used to

create multiview or pictorial drawings

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Orthographic Projection

Orthographic projection is used to create this front multiview drawing by

projecting details onto a projection plane that is parallel to the view of the

object selected as the front

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Multiview Drawing of an Object

For this object three views are created:

front, top and right side. The views are

aligned so that common dimensions

are shared between views

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Six Principal Views

Each view is

perpendicular to and

aligned with the

adjacent views

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Unfolding the Box

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Three Space Dimensions

The three space dimensions

are width, height and depth.

A single view on a multiview

drawing will only reveal two

of the three space

dimensions. The 3D CAD

system use X, Y and Z to

represent the three

dimensions

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Alternative View Arrangement

In this view arrangement,

the top view is considered

the central view

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Standard Arrangement: US Standard

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Standard Arrangement: ISO Standard

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The Alphabet of Lines

The alphabet of line is a set of ASME standard linetypes used on technical

drawing

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The Alphabet of Lines

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Natural Position

Always attempt to

draw objects in their

natural position

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Minimum Number of Views

Select the minimum number of views needed to completely describe an

object. Eliminate views that are mirror of other views

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Most Descriptive Views

Select those views

which are the most

descriptive and have

the fewest hidden

lines. In this example,

the right side view has

fewer hidden lines

than the left side view

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Multiview Drawing of Solid Primitive

Shapes

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Tangent Partial Cylinder

No line is drawn at the place

where the partial cylinder

becomes tangent to another

feature, such as the vertical

face of the side

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Nontangent Partial Cylinder

When transition of a rounded

end to another feature is not

tangent, a line is used at the

point of intersection

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Representation of Machine Holes

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Representation of Machine Holes

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Representation of Machine Holes

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Representing Fillet and Rounded Corners

Lines are added to parts with fillets and rounds, for clarity.

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Internal and External Chamfers

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Runouts

Runouts are used

to represent

corners with

fillets that

intersect

cylinders

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A Partial View: Symmetrical Object

The partial view is created along a center line or

a break line

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Revolution Convention

Used to simplify the representation of ribs and

webs

Sketsa

Metoda untuk mengkomunikasikan ide desain

secara cepat

Dokumentasi tahap awal dalam fase perancangan

Visualisasi bentuk suatu benda yang diimajinasikan

Digunakan oleh berbagai pihak: eksekutif, engineers,

teknisi, non-teknisi

Keterampilan mensketsa wajib dimiliki oleh

setiap engineers

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Teknik Sketsa

3 metoda dalam membuat gambar teknik

Freehand drawing = sketsa

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Teknik Sketsa

Freehand drawing dikelompokan berdasarkan tingkat:

Kerincian

Struktur

Kendala

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Contoh Sketsa

Multiview sketch

Pictorial sketch

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Alat Bantu Sketsa Bebas (Freehand)

(A) square grid

(B) isometric grid

(C) perspective grid

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Garis Lurus

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Sketsa Proporsional

Untuk membuat

sketsa secara

proporsional,

diperlukan

beberapa tahapan

dan garis bantu

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Sketsa Monitor Komputer

4-

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Klasifikasi

Sketsa

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Sketsa Isometrik

Sketsa yang

mengilustrasikan

ketiga dimensi

benda dalam satu

gambar dengan

menggunakan

proyeksi paralel

Panjang dan lebar

benda kerja

digambarkan 30

dari garis horizontal

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Langkah-

langkah

menyusun

Sketsa

Isometrik

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Representasi Isometrik Untuk

Lingkaran

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Sketsa Multiview

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Six Principles

Views

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Jenis-jenis Garis

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Konvensi

Pembuatan

Garis

Hidden

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Hirarki Garis

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Hirarki Garis

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Aplikasi Center

Line

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Konvensi Center Line

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Tugas 1

Lihat board

http://forum.ti.itb.ac.id

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