PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH ANNUAL

INSTITUTE ON COOPERATIVE EDUCATION

June 10-14, 1962

SPONSORED BY THE

COOPERATIVE LEAGUE OF THE U. S. A.

and the

COOPERATIVE UNION OF CANADA

HOTEL MORAINE

Highland Park, Illinois

$1.00 per copy

a 8

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH ANNUAL

INSTITUTE ON COOPERATIVE EDUCATION

June 10 - 14, 1962

Hotel Moraine Highland Palk, Illinois

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Pages Photos of the Institute 1

Participants 3

Intvoduction 9

COOPERATIVES AND OUR NATIONAL ECONOMIC PROBLEMS AND PRO-SPECTS by Senator Paul H. Douglas 11

ADULT EDUCATION TODAY: ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND PROSPECTS by Dr. Glenn Jensen 19

WHAT'S NEW IN COOPERATIVE EDUCATION? Reports from Par-ticipants about New and Current Developments

HOW SHALL WE RECRUIT AND TRAIN COOPERATIVE EDUCATORS?..

MEMBER EDUCATION - THE NEED AND METHODS Discussion of the Purposes, Content and Use of the Member Edu-cation Manual

29

45

49

HOW TO MAKE MAXIMUM EDUCATIONAL USE OF THE MEDIA OF COM-MUNICATIONS 53

ANNUAL BUSINESS AND PLANNING SESSION.. 59

COOPERATIVES NEED IDEALISTS AND REALISTS by Jerry Voorhis 61

COOPERATIVES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF DEMOCRATIC CITIZEN-SHIP by Dean George Watson 69

HOW TO GET AND KEEP MEMBER PARTICIPATION by Art Danforth, Resource Leader 77

*

Di rector; EdlidatI on DEO: 63Credit Union National Assn. Mad i son, WI 56;1'61 BIS

no i JeliP tn!rc:P. Snv,wcioTeif,G 4-vii,fierior ,BOTTINGV.JAMES •P3 'me

Nationidicie interance:,lululd 246 N. High Street Columbus 16, Ohlirras t

BUCHEIELI LUTHER Y." ') Aarcimli Executive Secretary " • I" r Inter CooperatlivelCciUrialla Student Activities Bldg. University of ‘Nitrah . 3-1r110

r••-• :licrilP/S6P,1:111-Chtgatir''Jzr StIC .tqt1

CAMERON, 11:16.1.1417-11 03:14501:iii02 Coady international Institute Ant isoni sh, Nova 4Sclidiliv, terfada

i5CIC 41iri2rn Pck CAPSTItkrFiEVI.. 'JOHN °R. " 1:' I II

St. Frattri Ext ens I erii [Delia riment 31V11P.O. Box 5

. Sydney, Nov,a sabeta; noilsn -Jaminbn zin..)mqn4::v-1

Ungth;r6KWYtt° - 2%N "Di Sae?: tati"niuMigr ts'i

icbh).

Mid-Eastern Cooperetivee., ,tnc 17 Broad Street Pal 1 sad41400464 Jetriee

zeal" Z."

CERNY, GEORGE`critci • 3 3;\Manager, Member & COmmuhity'Relat io Mid land Cooperatives, Inc. 739 Johnson St., N.Wiri 1143a . Mi nneacgala-13,- nnesot a'

s.; oinam :

PARTICIPANTS IN THE 11th ANNUAL d' I INSTITUTE 'ON COOPERATIVE EDUCATION 3011:11,Wil , 7:0T.2111

11/„W t:frif iert led4C't ,132sneM ANDERSDNFEINNEAt0: 3 n,-Diriatti CLIFFORD""ii0Pcg 3 iif`‘ rein LW

Educat 'DItettor ' OLHyde ParkCCdoPerativilSediety 1526 E. 55th Street Chicago IS, triphoisG

roijc,fA 0 ic.frotn I ti no I igimiL:fivordstietsnr; eir:•int-trri

Director, EducationalicSeriirces • r e e: A et v r Ed bait"' 1.6ri clepeitnent CooperafiVelikiagUe of •'therlf.S.A. Michigdri dead 'kw igir teegue 343 S. Dearborn St. 13235'1466drow.-WF14olizfki Chicago 4, 11ViK8W-IN tollfm Detroit 38, Michigan

fl u siti 10 ei.3 .1 ci I lelcicpo3 yelpAN BIGGER, JOHN-+1.;:.%slic diuG: CE neilsq4dagE9 FlifgclklE1°' t1°jQs110

Di rectoF'dVPu&iItitióñCoope rat Iliirtetglie f t h646. S .A 343 S. DeaftidOn4Si.zu u! na Chicago 4, Illinois

cyan, DANFORTH, ART Ic43s1 ID

Consumers Cooperat I vd Of "Berkeley, Inc. 1414 tin iver iti 'AVanutii:x1

• 'Berkeley 2, California ,;:110.7(20E1

,DEABetql-A11.41, ‘Rtreffel'il " islut" EgieCntiVanWerefirye-ri-an.:)3Co-op Consumers' Sectetyypfi, Ithaca 601-619 .W;Thtftritlin rS:tc.,1 - Ithacah' 'NS N'cirk 51 it I 3 ufri,

DROWN, Fir WI LBUF0 31 'art il l a Zr‘•501

Farmers OrifOW-SfeteTtialiefie aevicoiwghb,j astaiaki st! POI

EMMER, GERAdecioDel-: .m.)1/4.10eM St. Paul Bank for Cooperatives 346 Jackson ISii.I1AX11."' St. Paul )411ilieloiem`31sbans3 ,c

ERICKSON, RONAID ' 32 csaL3D 5"JS: Publielftilettien's tereeter'i° United Cooperative Society of

Fitchbarb..1 • fl'in .(J2 L'IlaCONA 815 Main St. In -4Juar;o3

03 critnatibilfg;414iiisedhilsift ii°°3\' I xeS

ns FEHR, INKE S" crr"ul t lircirj°°Rinstructor Western Cooperetrvetotleje;" Saskatoon, :Seik.5,1"Caiiide

ate R fl r i tne:4! i;4 • I111028iti 0 I erritlf00

ncli°1AtiMberVdoMMUriti0161:0084 Mid land CooperativesjtInet's 739 Joliiii6ris'Sti,i‘NIE..c, 3-45N Minneapolis 13, Minnesota

JJR T faLli CREWS, CiOdat ' aA

. 11% 114.1P 1 t. GbBile3 t 0 ht.rria t11 = 1)

-41

.,n3

.3r91.1 ";1 e:21 • FT "? FULTON, LAWRENCE 'tit; 317[17.7:r--,):

Manager, Member Ri1aUo&s & Audio-Visual Aids Department In 1j

,ConsumersuCcOperatiyelAstoRiat Ion

69)0 39.-vs,;-ro,.. I rtsIbiA Kansastity .1:11”411..01,01

CIO? driel 16 l y. t I GILLETT, BI LL

Educational Assis.tan2 rj

, Indiana. Farm-Bureau Cool:karatrye Assn. 47 Sti Pennsylvania. St. -dl-Iddianapo1 ts19,10inciLanbpL f

.:41thiin *az sio—isq HAMILTON, HARRY Director, PolicyhRiAm P4artLcii pation Nat t9ntli4e, knAtTaqPelo,..lei i a

m ' a ;Ikm.T.,mjahAtre9toolurcli toluilibus .0„;r1:19i9,. U . 2 TL

,o2ifrl - ceciot03 HERMAN, FLOYD-

Director TFan s, It!l9P At.atA J4201PrIBP

coloAt.94a, 1 vL i oc3 r2 2" Wi Iburzt: pi:Teske ,

ila -1;f63 ,S r tstIt-A HOLBROOK, KARL Public Relatipos ConsumertrCopRerat :Ast.nt of

Go6dI I PSI Pai4 1:ric .„4 ),1 222F Ht*ImILAXP9YP Eau Claire, ,K1AcTipii tit „53di

JONES, LAWRENCE:wjp,

Wisconsin As Sn)n:of Spsp.909 ves 105 W. Main St. Madison, Wisconsinm:a tri2r1L

1 10'i WA for/ .21 LA I DLAW,' ALEXANMR n,

Nat ionaitAbubtbry i vscl , p Cooperative Union of Canada 202 Queen St rest , :20Pyrf;:it°t taw.a,:Art9,09,. 0. 941-a f

A s' CV '11:C ....kt3 kt-21i J MACDONALD, REV. J. Consultant .1a nu-M• 3 Cooperibtlye,Leagpe,&figogrito Rico Box 177 Roosevelt, Puerto Rivm, tmal

-11 id MA2‘,414OR 1,Eq Isi*Noc22 )1 Director TrAt0.119 a _cml Missouri Farmers Assn. Columbia, Missouri

%1 IN• 0LANAHAN'i.'JACK

Retbatth- Department Michigan Crecitt Or Leaguel. 13235 Woodrow w 53

t‘f 4.4trgit,SL:1Mi:ChjSall 1 sibyti %2 er-i

MILLER, DRictti3O.:, • N r,Taid3 Director of Education - Consumers CooperatAve, A spc A! t ion

0-l9S,730,co9s:pnsas A;;Ity,ititssogr,I ‘03

. 'era(' MILLER, MERIAN4iG t." Cooperative League of the USA 343 South DearbAro101, 4::„Aaro Chis.4901 1,Lti Igi nO

kook ,r 1 f:E.;10) ii -.13 ROSAR I 0, EUG ENIOILr i U Oca Cooperative Development Administration Box 14125 - Bo. Arer9;Gtation Santurcq uertm Rio. tril

—

MOSES, BARTONfl,mi , '1 ..u-miio3 Manager Hancock CoUnty/R; iis mipj 125 N. statp Str,eetyi jLrX:

GrepanfleidcNtngimpa, ) s i veNi ' IJI laA inzrAsiG

NEALE, MR&-..1,NARY v:21'2 cv 0 Sec r et a ry Egm,c9p itori,Cocretee Cooperative Services, inc. Southgate, Michigpqf

r I f.r,- 1 4.!-•;,1211 v_1c,t4 &AU.) WRAP ,f ire l I if

Assistant Educational Director Michigan Credit P.0911;4e.29.LIPM 13235 WoodrOw WI !son,. 7 ,

Detroit :38,afilth,1ge!b t-r_ilx-ii

. e ?4,04 RAMIREZ? IX i&cA.,7, .‘ Cooperative Development Administration Box 14125 - Bo.rObwe §.4,a,t7fer Santurce, ,Pueren f co t•,•,g • 1, a; nure.

•R OTHROCK s DON• I, 11, 1 c,2 ‘f EgucatiP9,Pnrk)4P‘,% Ha? Cooperative Enterprises 1201 S. Arlingtorirliwd

• C.5 ir 2r,N 11Ce311r'l

I 3:103 4 SCHMELD:f:4 ki •

Provipt rtecpros,,c,flfl „ Cooperative Medical Services Federation of Ontario 2549 Weston Rd. Weston, Ontario, Canada

-

SHERMAN, JACKSON Public Relations Director Peninsula Cooperative Assn. Inc. 3835 Kecoughtan Road Hampton, Virginia-L: 1

SMALLFIELD,1 ROBERT rita -Member Relations Officer United Cooperatt s'ilifftntario Box 527

-..4 1Mistori, Ontario; Canadam ,

THORNWAITE, VIRGINIA Cooperative Services 12466 Fort Street Southgate, Michigan

THORSTE1NSON , KRIS Cooperative Public Relations 428 - 12th St., East Brandon, Manitoba, Canada

TOMKOVICK, WANDA Cooperative News Editor Cooperative Trading, Inc. 665 McAlister St. Waukegan, Illinois

TORRES, J. F. Director, Advertising & Publicity Mutual Services Insurance Cos. 1919 University Avenue St. Paul 4, Minnesota

VISITORS

ANDERSON, DOUGLAS Illinois Representative of Senator Paul H. Douglas 219 S. Clark Street Chicago, Illinois

BLITZ, VERLa R. Aubrey, Finlay, Marley & Hodgson Chicago, Illinois

BUCEIELE„ MRS. LUTHER Ann Arbor, Michigan

CHARLES, HAL Director, International Affairs Dept. Cooperative League of the USA 343 S. Dearborn St. Chicago 4, Illinois

VOORHIS, JERRY Cooperative League of the USA 343 S. Dearborn St. Chicago 4, I llinois

e;',71 ,E p'ct H VOYDENOFF, DANEIrt"6 Research Department Michigan Credit' Unien%LeagUel, 13235 Woodrow:Wilibnc,c:'ci Detroit 38, Michigan

WALSH, RICHARD I'' " University of' Nebraska - L. 3915 AppleeStreeti .'” )

Lincoln 3, Nebraska

WOLF, HOWARD Ann Arbor Co-op 2216 Packard Road Ann Arbor, Michigan

WILLSON, ROBERT Z. Education Director Ferndale Co-op Credit Union 1617 Pearson Ferndale, Michigan

DREYER, STANLEY Asst. Execuitve Director Cooperative League of the USA 343 S. Dearborn St. Chicago 4, Illinois

DROWN, MRS. WILBUR Central City, Nebraska

GORDON, HOWARD Pure Milk Association Chicago, Illinois

HANES, MARTHA Treasurer Cooperative League of the USA 343 S. Dearborn S

t' Chicago 4, Illinois

L AZU aril It 0urnrJ'eviJr,tr ,-;71

) 417)-C atcrail 1 ,t nz,isairI3

HERMAN, MRS. FLOYD Wilbur, Nebrasktrici (NOV

:tr:rur, -,11 03:s' e.c!, JONES:OMRSIntAWRENCE rr);,:i 11 Mad i sonnWi actinsinE,;-;

n.32111.7.(1 .8E MOGAN, TIM Membership Di rector -1; 2.7:3 Pure Mtlk-iAssot:Lat in'l Chicago, I .11.1nots 1%—k ?JCL

cplandok

'CH ,11,Thi IA* r

dc: MtJC?JJI!J 1at:y.2.'410 r

-1 rea

tet

J7Y35 ao:iorn IC4v.iitra,%:t3 .

A2U rrli tro se i.1 f•Vii•-.'10Cy03

. 1.10f.:1130(i . a - 1-Z ptonif 1 ‘,1

ra:leenclt" ,1012

Ccifi'dCU hi 'IL"

t.2.061i 1i JTcaiej

A, Min FEIN 514

AEU erii lo teu26,...1 r .2 er ?: '

eionipi als.),liO

}2tm01.13' nvir -i, roc 2 blw

' rr.,"E‘f -a.... "t e.Z MURPHY, BILL, irn , Cooperative Services

Southgate., Michigan° r iw 712 }7,ail10 L !cit.

4:TANEN8AUM, President .3, 3 Ci rclesPineat Cooperat Eve tenter 'Dalton, Michigan

• 11/ 4]..) rt"!

rr:',214ai i sibertitroZ

' . anoi ask a aildul: I

Jr,o3 .51" - abste3 ,oc.lat.iir,sii

AO' 4," di: I VC:riOT •to:LI c}}}, Ilcr.r3qa-s3

ton! gaFziT ISF-1015c.3

it ail

A.• s;tiii1 4Lqa

.?03 L.3nr u man inE iPLia .5.41.1ncyv ‘s 3 i e-nAt int! 2! _I sivpsartill .4•• !LIES . -.12

nil/1211r

2AJOULO }_iC414 ovi:ta2riszair4Lei ng: 11 eal'atroCi .H icleri,2

aiGniIII

no,Lh-H a ys1-10 oenfnil t'ineu\ , ioniffl ,(1!

.311'102 ricgirialM ocaziazt mA

.1 4H 1 22.5.9SH3 (anal:flint/3n! fir:3:7E3%1G

1-o stribt.e.i eviircioqco3 .3,-; mod izo C t+q.: eioni 1 I I ,•:1 otLio iri3

(.61im3) 271;9101TitA7,0A King PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS AND PLANNING COMITTEE-HEMBERS---

,AUU 3v12ulscco3 /5i/,7,13 -soin:1tJ2 i&Cc j ,ulta '2 ;Ann *GLENN N. ANDERSON, Director Public Relatipna PT.P4P1Health'Mutual, St, Paul

AWiNge MIUBSQNsigdmo9qpnrOmptpriotlyk:go*,P9opprzglivss pcipxy..chjago .on eylia

*HAVES BEALL, DireCtor, Educational Services, Cooperative League of the USA MU cril 10 cuproJ svilsisq0n3 alisill fauclirnielni 3JJM .0 r!JIM

JOHN H. BIGGER, Director, Education Dept., Creidt Union National Asso-sv I ino:.ino3 girl a•PIPPIprk)i itadjipon5,541isc9pairo boD;trH ttlt„ zNI t4n,A3

sr.thoibai Oarifu'fala *PAUL BROWN, Manager, Member Services Dept., Central Cooperatives, Inc.

,.3n1 ty1s$SIP#1749rir.44 5C9PORA sine! 0E4,?griCi crAr,,JA2 AL:11:0 ccr;ci;',3

*GEORGE CERNY, Manager, Member & Community Relations, Midland Cooperatives, MU brOOP.AstAIMPOPP)44hrgion0 oo-o-.4110 zvliu2ex3 Yr 31,

cviJOYWIDAWintRi fTIROPPlitHesperh:Copppgatiya:Colliegp„qapicatgpn or.airlD

JOE CLIFFORD, Member & Community Relations Dept., Midland Cooperatives, Inc., Minneapolis

n15,t4tm44 5,, ' , 1r7Imn1 rtt: • CECIL R. CREWS, Director, Education Dept., :Michigan reedit Uhion League,

Detroit.

ART DANFORTH, Director of Consumers Cooperative of Berkeley, author of Campaign Manual, Corte Madera, California

PHILIP J. DODGE, Director of Publications, Cooperative League of the USA

PAUL H. DOUGLAS, Senior U.S. Senator from Illinois

JAKE FEHR, Staff Member, Western Cooperative College, Saskatoon, Sask.

LAWRENCE FULTON, Manager, Member Relations &Audio Visual Aids Dept., Consumers Cooperative Assn., Kansas City, Mo,

*HARRY HAMILTON, Director, Policyholder Participation, Nationwide Insurance, Columbus, Ohio

WILLIAM HAMILTON, Executive Secretary, Cooperative Union of Saskatchewan, Regina

KARL HOLBROOK, Public Relations Director, Consumers Cooperative Assn. of ' Eau Claire, Wisconsin

GLENN JENSEN, Executive Director, Adult Education Assn. of USA, Chicago

ARNE JOHNSON, Director, Community Relations, Mutual Service insurance, St. Paul

*LAWRENCE JONES, Executive Secretary, Wisconsin Assn, of Cooperatives, Madison

*ALEXANDER LAIDLAW, National Secretary, Cooperative Union of Canada, Ottawa

PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS (coned.) • -; L. ely :r '‘ninrf PI nr - c

OSCAR LE BEAUS Member Relations Branch, Farmer Cooperative Service, USDA, I LC' ;IZ PI With i flgtbilt D:,et,,a Jr le:4"; I ri • tpo'd , 7 12 r

ca-kli D 'MI ‘LER, 7eebttir <or Ed urcaertin pe .COn6tiiidi - reocipei l ie iVe;I 'Aissint.1 nsaW City., Mo.

r ';Nt I: )ivisZ k :1 .-4Irt le ;tryst;

'MERLIN G: MILLER, International Affairs Dept., Cooperative League of the USA t 13col. i IKI ; t .irO rti:,!0 .r^s ;TV": 1:1'0 I.; 21.. ;" LL1.

BARTON MOSES, Mgr„ Hancock Minty-Rural Eldarictgenibirship Cooperative, Greenfield, Indiana

gaol viisisic,;."' I -141;3 .gie„L zg;:',;"lr 2 -got- 4 rail -MA 1* WALKER-SANDBACH, General Manager, Hyde Pirk; tdoperathie•Sbe.iety, Inc.,

Chicago •tc st) kr. ,; 1.-;-; Inniirann a na/ - '1 n Ag Jr. ,4;13 3:4"01).:

JERRY VOORHIS, Executive Director, Cooperative Le-ague, oflihe USA

GEORGE WATSON,c bean"; ilbbSeVelt-linTI4-eslilt; 'Pas t i:Creira; bf Hyde-Pa rkt Coopetat lye Society, Chicago intglittgl y:;fraugg-Lna 4L.e., 4 l tart

le-P I ann Commi,t tjais Npmbers, " -I .g .11373 e.e;z- 40: 4 P I c ./tp0 t .4: 1 4 1,7C

7agg1 t ic viisngqonj 21-74,2-1,)3 tin 103.y1 ;r • zu;treg 17:1,4 r 4; ,c3 tirtr:

Act/ _Jr.:, 0J Mug lo io,o;,^ it) ,I,Ctg:OG a, &BEd

pita-g;1 I; rno'i 1ot. 1n J.gintria

,nuaet-;" lage ,e-Loi rvi1c1:tice.'.33 nig :il)c.r.' 1is(n.;11

U J.14 itf air U.4 43 POniiSloc; 1:?4,417 itsirt .tH tyis'3 A 31.A1003

triol ..r -%60. aio i Linitnitg i i 1111rASel* e.2:1-gio3

;11fir? neeinti eicaiJ3 e I" i,tra

to ;mar', awl I lona -‘1 rru, e 7,1 1 V 1c •.roi a, 1'431 iE u1 ,}1"Fiti.;"1,1 Jc:fa'2,1 rIi - Jeg i ' a ;3 is,)7.1

7 , Aeri o .nag eZ g-,t e`, t rub • ri 1 nvr'n 'TB 13

.ca n ei-galan 1 r .nr i"nitg,"; yaire; ,o3 '.:391 IC ,"JC. AA. 3`,"e4 fuc-1 ." e-

no, , nay n-t -7. 3 fr .n `' ",?. ,‘,-; ;.•! 11. gnsx 21L ggige

int; L nc3 „T . ; ; J; ,41 ( I

...

- Perhaps a guest speaker is not essontial for the annual meeting of the membership of a cooperative. Let's not take a speaker for granted.

- There is some question about the use of door prizes, but all those around the table who discussed this subject came from cooperatives that use them to promote annual meeting attendance.

- Recommend the use of displays that contrast the price and quality of cooperative products versus others.

- Incorporate in the manual a page listing the publications available from other cooperatives, both regional and local, if possible.

- Publicize the availablity of institutional advertising mats from the Minnesota Association of Cooperatives and recom-mend the exchange of radio commercial messages.

- Audio-Visuals section mation prepared for use with to use, purpose, etc. Bring into one section. Recommend flip charts, tape recorders, can be purchased or borrowed

should include introductory infor-particular films--why produced, how together all audio-visual information use of photo albums, pie charts and flanneigraphs, etc. Report what for use in flannelboards.

- Add Signposts for Directors of Cooperatives as soon as new printing is ready.

- Ask members of this institute to work on various sections of the manual during the coming year.

- include reference to statement of board-manager relations which Hyde Park has.

- Add section on employee training.

- Provide more Information about working with libraries.

- Canadian comments: Have a special section for special occasions such as co-op month or week; also National Farm Radio Forum. Like quality loose-leaf cover and the fact that Canadian materials can be prepared for insertion in it also. More attention to special use of films. Different color for paper in each section would help with identification. List merchandising publications that are available. Cooperative Union of Canada will follow up with mailings for special groups and, in the end, will prepare its own manual--borrowing freely from this one--but designing It specifically for use in Canada.

51

cooperatives. , Much of„ the., demand fo,r, the manual" as resulted from the redommendations g hien "i't -bit state, re-gional and other national cooperative organizations.

to:

Although comments have ;been 2446; favorable, I know the manual can be improved in many ways. It has been put in a hard cover, loose-leaf bi,nder so that revisions and additions carrbe NS arted :readi 1y:. , pdEnnin in' qic iniscses:,.

. has been to obtain your -comments and suggestions thatwchtici help to improve the

yf menUaf: •"' .

t •,. ; * • .1 Our session session chilrman;iir. deal' trews; will h'elp Us

range ourseiyes in „discussion or lzuzz groups so that, ,we can 'att kake'r'pe'it Ern' distils-el dicilorthelninu.a Wliat''We ri I lie %bout,

it Might be made -hettprc, As 1)6e,tiii berry .cin yodrdii-t cithiiohi' ground our various select the 's:ubjeCt. or 14-' t op., of. the manual tO-14h i yOu Want' to direct perttoU I ar at-tp-pilenc t'ie"ll have' on opportunity-later in OW in1itUte ici"

'`rep Pberak . th's tecommendat login each group • develops. 1-' :virk• fl''e ! • '1 r

'Fólithin 'are tomes o'r thert;Uggestioni for tile Manuel that grew out of the group discussions. .1i)tv .. • lig

t_ orIaEoü gdUcitieivi a#7emPlipiaii arid inahagere.."411v..,i rct r.3 4' t'i?)111

trt EmphistiO'the errl ;stashed 'itch:Solt teach et s q serve 'as vrfeIciiirce leadetCln cooperat ftit edlicat Joh. '

. .. a 1. r •i- 4 7 .“.

.111 Youih _prOg ram should •striess ways int.which young people aneyOUrig. 'adultn- can lunde"ruiterid wend use toopetrailVes;

44g • • •ii,„:- bio • -i.vo 3 - Recommend a budget for member education based on a

centage of sales. One representative reported us Of .74 percent -st o :rt.? IR, I" .4 a for-education. - • ' •

, ' it arric.4c,:„ ; . . '1 1. P

u 7 " Urge the-placetent Or,:an edidat ion .4 rector or an asslsànt

nrini "supgrnieiliatucciOperit lehpechei a:461'unie'Cif 40406 to 156obd. 64 in'each centey„ ''t --

1:i _cc ;2:4-e Jr

LSery tees' Of a •ficimei ear:th6n:2i l'Ostlielft,time, also :5

ImpOrtaint"tb 1-etc-Sen -1 d?' Li 4 .1- , • 1 .2L'i d•"•• I . ' C ' s

t.

•• Sect ion for directors should recommend advance preparation rii3uV6ri riiderd me'ee v nditTo thiakdd I Ficters' can

prePai'e for' meetiing 111 3ra• :=177. L'If fin" 1473 :•'' .1 -, J je C'neo CSV i-un

Include di scussicon•of' compensat tory of' difeCiors):" 'ManycooPO rat ii;VeS allow painienelloihin I' liege; "L'Slonie' rOV I de -Itolcerf paLV-dents' ler time' deVotlid. t&-bOarcfrMeetirig-s.''''F:' "4 • 4 •

L st, c;

- What is wrong with saying "a co-op gives its profits back to its members'?'

50

sZ's

t MEMBER EDUCATION - THE NEED AND METHODS t ' VC

;

• By Hayes Beall

• • ' ,r

EMeryz.democracy, or demopratically.otgaphzed group., has, Its •prOblems'e in some groups; inclaing ,cooperatives, there is danger that the problems of the demoCrecy wil11 he nsolvedhby doing away with it. There is 4a well-worn comment about the folly of throwing theAaby out whth the bathwater. ,u r

rvk . /One ofpur 1/2 major educational nesponsibilitles on cooperatives

is to improve the application pf democratic processes .so that , membership. participation will' be effective ,and can therefore be relied upon. in thellong run, there is no, substitute for an in-formed,and actiVe; Temberiblp that exercises all of its rights end responsibilities.. Ii31:0 is my central thesis: A cooperative can only fulfill it basic iibrpoaes andremain'faithful to the principles on( which iit was establlshed dif therels an effective member education program.

I ;

Inasmuch as.a cpperatiya.helongs;to its members, At is the members who determine basic policy directien. The real authority is vested in and shpold remain with them.,. Pf course•members function through votina ;n annual meetipgs,. serving as directors and ccamittee members, investing in and patronizing their own associations., We.shopld challenge any,Jeaderahip that thinks of a'codperatimei as its own privefe band personal opdertaking. Our over-reliance on management often encourages this limited view, ,.

A ; 1 . 1 %

fr , • " c

t

4 r„ Members, officers and employees of a 000ecooperative walf

seek maximum member participation. The Member Edacation Manual was prepared, to sere as a tqol forziall who want to achieve the best- in memher.partichpetipns. It is .a how-to-do-it reference.1, volume: It covers most aspects of education in local coopera-tive. There are sections on annual meetings, on the work of -' committeest qn director and employee trainjpgi, on, publicat)on. of a meMbership newsletter, on group discusslOpizand‘numerogs.,other subjects.

rli irr na ” 'n '

year, we thought of the venture as something,of,an experiment.,

le, 4

When the manual was. ready.for,use at the beginning qfithis,

Although the manual was prepared so that it might be used by any interestedperson, we did jnotknow howrmany wanted adtool that _was: prepared .for the purpoSe ofrmaking, cooperatixe education, more effective.- Fortunately, the ordera for, the menuait.ame,in much larger numbers than we anticipated and from ail -types of

' • - 1-1 C." r:vv-P I ;Hit ;Lin. v lc V c

,si 1+9

Ouestion: How to recruit and hold person at a co-op salary?

Answer: Salary is not all-important--but review beginning salaries to get them up to the market.

Question: How about loyalties to the institution?

Answer: Loyalties don't extend much beyond the employee's work group. Belief in the philosophy of co-ops is something else.

47

J.DTMILLEW7Wp”haveltorknqwAhewttg tr@PPAlt-le sense ofHmission. You can teach people how to become decision-makers. How to delegate. You can

sAlteach;techniques wlzhout4nowingnthe ccOnigu9CY9YrselfmcjoiW4s9Tething out of a person you have to have trainjpgrtimesdparticipation

BIGGER: How do we 1pok:et3ourselyes?; bWe havenagthigst tpicielogrgown job better--to improve ourselves. Where do we.3seek it, or convince our bosses we oughtoito5seelkit/i1WhenmaEeedugatorg going-Ito getiedypeted? We don't learn by rote. We need allies outside our own work:- -

nurqsr; cr;v4 ano3r0ubc, !., saodi synnmhq Pi "-nisoJz:," 1,124 odT 5 Cir FEHR: What kind of a five-year tEpinIng,,,should,there Oifone-ep

• educators? • -nisi/ ,bnsd nodJo g.n13 nO cJ t p q pnid---3 at ntirsonJ:

BIGGERli,Humangrei4CLOOtininrin,ailocallunlye0ItY0A6Pqnqourse; expose him to good mind ; don't worry about others' vocational requirements,

lures crneredltiUniqns: i .111I3GVIICM 2‘'.:11P1fli nninionT NIWq tsiccpoo ni rci1s9Lin 01 bnzn FAcrs,z, cd

Try to broaden his acceptance of others. This is a critical area. iinoJszube eninhs.nj io Ascna 9w neidn ct #C mol:o 3uodA

'J.D.MILLER: We hired a college man who had co-op experiened-and FeiboardvexperiencericHebecemewmember reletionsifjeldmany Thenche managed

a goodrsized crop:faro yeape-riThenihe.tre,gedniocaLpeoplkEn4 sales program. We were trying to make an educatol: out of a good organizer and thinker. Tohlozo ce-hi ni pnigool Cla Lis atoeldmF erd't

/tuba We Wed6adcounty;agent;to-/lorktonLag4lozylsyNA„ who hed3w9i:ked in member relationfliwroteonewsletten:1-We areiconst‘Wingoa,Tafi:WPAgetting his Ph.D. in adult education. He can get the message ecross; knows the

mfundamental LawsLef 4eargIng:”0Butriher icnows nothtngdabout "C.27M..L eiqnLq u3- j4tni reflj cira.J1thio at ai doi -h .nuS63ubc-W.T:',4 ol zn

MERLIN MILLER: He still should have a-eommitment, an empathy tsfisee through others' eyes.. He has to learn how to be part of a group, and stimu-late the group:owls2.3r f6mln't o3 nuleaunPib nuo Jimif 21 3-EU :MEM '

1esv1JcilegoBLGGERfliAr;good5prefessioneiohasntopUbeljeyeTin:it..9;%Bmtpecantt use .rincompatencei, Me4haVelbeen1iog4in)DY*IY9!4WiWT4i9SM-17i t9:nod

pol.2,frni Jun tin:: odw ancircuLt, ncl &nu :#2fAIT 63ocii nn:1,1 ‘+,za FEffR: In summary, the need is for a peusonrwithAecheloEts degree,

training in adult education, human relations, with the right aptitude and attitudentoiMork:InT:cg,e0PSz sd1 :god cb anoiJootiiianp IcaPJ *01:1

1:),-4.n 2.1o3mpute Comment: A bachelor's degree is like a high school degree was a gene-

bstds ratboncgo,,;In rmstofdttIP liTPWItac9mPcq099sITIt.150,1Prerleptsite. -ifiniS zl-Inis:naeno Li.ncq 3,d3 ort, ,,on .0dT ,c1;menj zift,?..os lo

n iiQues“on:-I;Giyentonly,,p%oholcPz_i4 990Pqc9t2rue9d8aEcoTpetent person, which should one choose? .19tinlimy!zo Lns

pnii.c51BIGGERzuff.hecprofessfonallycompetent peponcisynotrlikelyrto be luke-

warm on co-ops or other subject areas. . no sz-zivi gq z isnzi

MosLpeopierwonitobelifermt.,ahoppycoTopsgioBatjthey may not

?obis good-educators/eitheK:1 yonl,2 no nivonc Ui 111-rn -,v 4znuoa Sr.Alow Anb tbad1sm ci1u5r:1 no

_46

L'(?' 19-16W SHALL WE- RECRUIT AND: TRAIN gOOPERATNEPEDLIDATORS?4,) ) 1 1 rsn

13anel- partidlpanti c?DcPAillier; John H. Bigger, and MerlinAllier;, Jake - 13 . 1;- Fehr.,:chaIrMan.sa -

. ) -'Riardari: 'Phillip Dodge and rls Thorsteinson. - c.

u lig.. „ I .4 ... -".1.0"J ti, ) .-- /L. •

'Question: What'do w een, by cooperative educator? ' „ c 1 I I .: I vt- I

BIGGER: The word "educator" is primary. These are educators who happen I tb-be in the COOPeraiiiie,moVement-4 -)))1,- ,

J.D.MILLER: Education is teaching principles. On the other hand, train-It ing.ls' imParting'tObTsItO other tb the9-dCan-impart7printiple.C. ,e. 4 4f 4 1 14 4 4.4;V I ri 1 r r qto

MERLIN MILLER: Training includes motivation. I'mrspeakinemaInly about the people whom we need to select for overseas education work in cooperatives.

f**C1 ' 6.2n .1 ,flo ;,! itl iv1T FEHR: About whom are we talking when we speak of training educators?

cir tle•""1 b tr. fiLs“) E • Id BIGGER:: Welreitaikibg abObt the people right, liere Few uni;arsifies

offer an 'adult educatiOnLdagrbe. 'It's hard to fin6adUlt,,educators: irr ip 0. 'w Af t • 11:1 Prl*' 'Ca

FEHR: What subjects are we looking for in these people.

BIGGER 'We shOUIdibflohdeimed withtiMparting{methodolog9 of adult C ', edugatioq.1‘ We neetPspedUallzed ourribUla: for cooperativesiiri&I. -4e,);-1

tAAJP. ) ! ., E s, r1 r-1 co cicuopi J7cE pi J:D:MILIER? :Phe'dlefk at the Chedkout cOuhtef 'ind,tha feed- salesMan

needs to be an educator. SI job is to wholesale these techniques to people -.like these:- ' 3 4f-4:a 3 s .: „ : "

Jt t, 'i Co C. t i Yr; Ci 3st, ,Jk-t: , 1 FEHR: Let's limit our discussion to formal educatorsvLic c4." -I

liERLIN MILLER:* rchaelLhd=geent :dolIdget, itatgdoUnal1s4tf'dooperatives, banks for.beelperatiiieii.idtc:,.With1 thelAmerican'IntatUte ofCooperatton, have educational •conferences. These are for educators who are not full-time

lbel'Ehe.jbWifit tiiat capeaty4! al , 0;71 ,o „) 0 1* i f /1: 4. 7-b0 0!1 Lo:ri ,.•r;

FEHR. What qualifications do both the futh,timeland,theIparti,time educators need?

- , • deid r Li, Lk, fel L 7.,od s -- i‘AERLINIMILLER Trathinglin sociology rbethbdology; but,egperience ahead of academic training. They need the feeling that people organizing them-3seIveilssaufoundatIon'on Whtqh idethocracy'restiaa=a4eelinw)of.devOtion and commitment. 1 k'L -4 dx..:.! t )mq

'1? =)r" titGGi Every Moilement better0 But tiiiiije!ling Isn't a primary one. ,LL -rc-c, fh

MERLIN3MIL1Ektr-Theleadirigleageof1cOOperatIVes ft obtsfde America. These countries don't rely enough on group educatIon'technilues, too much on lecture method, desk work.

45

EAU CLAIRE'S CO-OP YOUTH CLUB

Summary of report by Karl Holbrook

One of the most interesting and important cooperative groups we have is the one serving young people In our member:families.,It has a record of service extending back somewhere around ten years. The Eau Claire Consumers Cooperative and our youth have been mostforatimate to have the leadership of Mr. Magnus Jensen who has worked with the youth club from its beginning. Mr. Jensen is a retired professor who taught for many years in the Wisconsin State College in Eau Claire. He has a happy facultyilor rallying young people around him, imbuing them with the spirit of cooperation and helping them to work out useful programs and projects.

When there are jobs to be done--such as ushering at an an-nual meetingy-the youth group can be called upon tot this. They help in countless ways. They have signed up to perform service. At least as important--and possibly more so--are the discussions they have of cooperative history and philosophy. They may meet at the Jens,.'n home or in one of their homes and carry on such a dis-cussion cc veat length. They are proof that not all young people today are thoughtless and without concern for basic values.

One memorable project should be mentioned in more detail. In their eagerness to raise funds for some causes they thought were important, they bought a used popcorn popper--the kind you.: see at carnivals and in theatres--and set themselves up in business near the main entrance to the co-op shopping center. They sold lots of popcorn. Still, it takes a long time to pay off a couple hundred dollars or so of investment In a machine such as theirs. But they will persist and the job will be done. It's not always easy to fit the leisure time of young people with projects like these and so there often are extended periods when Magnus Jensen "holds the fort" for them.

These young folks have more co-op understanding and loyalty than many of their elders. When they assume their responsibilities as adults, they're going to provide some excellent leadership in community groups including the cooperatives on whose boards of directors some will serve. Others will be outstanding employees. All will be good cooperators, I'm sure.

43

?milli- 4 3 'IV- rz 1.01_2r'•i ui 111.43-71,'"' 0

:ctiorsiRAYIVE:As'CociATION, INC. irVOCATIUNAL ;AGRICULTURE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM

;-• -

svit•rl t-a -;:thre) .. .Iti•;••; ...,7-,sBItl Gi.1 tett Bducat ional hr. Assistant lo o tr,1%,...al • - i.L 1n,11 Fjj f,T,In i„!mcs n-n-i # '14

r g t 0,naartfie wt..; The Cooperat Eve I pfiormat ton tprogrtam. fistl yOrda ional grlcultural teachers

.1-0 ?en triczr. en; li - • ; began several years ago when we startedr ciffekhd a foU?-da tbili'of the

bi- _flit:. 1110 "I an Li4T s Imo • ",att -4 A • Indianafarm Bureau:Cooperativer!Ass n9t ga.9.intips.,t9. adr tu?e rforla to r ir rcoit} r

teachers. The tours and all subsequent edu.sakioaa se, us,Sted

bc.and, 'apptaVed4 by; Haralid) Tayjo r e- 'Etat ,5,9pe{vi ks.9 re. of ; Ag; 911 tv, ra.1 dutca i on in hAl ni .P.111Vi y•traiminti '5;•3 2 tt , • • " A

?rid I ana ' As pa,:resUlt of ithep,e -tours-afe,ques`ti„, gine1 frVmd,it)the teachers' for - )5e, tif:M1 s at 7,1/ Ling b!..';[5` 11 I !yq t:irr r i ff rAf fr Ath

0,Cprin& thfOirtati on:, that. -cco.ul j;:le; vs_edi 9c I pp:pro:96i, Lorithu:c.1 l7'95?,„ Ora

. .." ' ta3 Callahan, manager of Co-op Education in our' organization" and5 a rormer ".;* Qs hey— 2" -"-. •-"" ' era - Adrivtitture :teacher:J.., dqyelop_og, s iAtluidA o'vtlitne. or arm? col

eir:.\"41331 .•.3 lot t•rts 0,--3 Lto33G11:;.:. --Kirt. 2.. - - •vet; Vanelief1y :if:or:ill:4r 1 cuAtuTe r/7-„Fite mat tefarersc -,sburcei was:

PD.; 1 *** 1 ...rt .^.1% n) 0-14: - t 1°:47; 14 "YodenOffteth‘.Forirr:BusinesCA,by the ( 9,9O1FarYiaJlea*!'< a_MI Pt e-fr,144elej t_

1.,C3 (CI yf is • riesi L • . ' • listed in the outline fort:the subd,eOts coverall. •, Th fs`,' Course of

-Srity,,lamil Jr;ti 't I 11:iirt-ti 11.1 . ''

Farina? idoopeitativeS'Lwas giiven pi:ha 1 fiyosatIonactil /Adir ci.cuipuyle tleaciTher7 "1 1.. , 1:10L, a- -; Lit,' :IT, \flys; ao tI U 11(1.3 d` ‘411a inl ;!!!*Iti "101 0J3 stt.ir 317 „: ler 1 3n.',. Ga. 1-q...4.) :ion I ;11a! (.4.3•Lf 11.012:.)2; )1 . t "I

an; t17) 41hi'1961:1ZMF: Cal I aban -rev(ised., thpi &suss? ofyistv4 "dy ,":07.,ctor,r,es:poo2dfilwiltp the 1.e>in &la niO; re Vir21 cI n_v II t , ;.el I ' .- b n

revised copy of "Your Off-The-Farm Business." At' this time a sPecl al - .L,:ni.Inc-1 . ‘1-1:.)rt d nG3 :.ta erratealq rt i :In t n.-,7

fruit 3siliGibil.-fma nctuded3 on./ thel I pdi,ap9:.„Fe TIANkurke,,a.uz conela_tiviyie sysctmooarv9ain0ark; to ikr.:7! 13 mart -r,A. F f 1 U. . . • -,•/-• ,

etz Li s -;:.. t . ;;• t. Ultra 'iit.it-I OtiO essorrIo/ toprused.,; If the •teashe re dias fred . ej ,afetsientcri:iifrto[::::"..11; I s

-r-A133G.,3 en; Off-lesson is a booklet on our own cooperative system, "Indiana Farmers

•

yr -

Pact Lr"F" cg 1 ) es's' liitstifrea' -Kind fed itiAtf" piest- -off theynew.zstudy3 hav,e been )10 .1. by. 10.1 c?Plita2 I ii in -It -114 III Ion" itrinEel S help ---„wne"adi Ad? i tc&I't tifevfeache rsi; itinerant, t eacherstr_ ,yvj i n19:4.t.51'9,Stai ' $11.1.747"jit !:re • L;11cr.:3 ,ft t•i. it toLit -r12

li n6 c'e di'in5Scisr ' e f t Jpiibti.C-irstraCtiOirrdi tectOlf Vocational.:So Ply z uaern - •

nT " net, 2. • Eci •zzyi „id r ct -11f:0.14,1 o 1 auc, fire 'laud-2r 1ai-estail' jiiiPihV I S'or z'of ) Ind i ana yAdr Ictilt.0 re Education.

• --)ol 0'6 I 4 '1,1 :PvC1 * ice° rç hi tit titaat;Th y tint: a n1 T rtittle.7“:"..t r

Ini.•;tio3 2: cL; if ,1 .2th r•.:Ia r!c•-crik 1C 10110 IS 2.) : 31 C1

WEEK-END OUTINGS FOR MEMBERS G. FRIENDS of the

HYDE.PARK COOPERATIVE SOCIETY t

'Linnea Anderson, Education- Dtrectbr

Since 1951 members and friends the'llycier Park Cooperative Society have enjoyed week-end outings at some camp site near Chicago. The purpose of Th is activity -which is under the sponsorship of the Education Committee, is to provide an opportunity for co-bp familtei anirfriends,ctO,get to,know each other bettee,byrylaying,, eatIng.and discussing co-op problems together.

r

The : Hyde park Co-op does not own a camp. This permits us to shop around with a great amount of flexibilltif.0 in the/past twelve years me-haye;used three camps less than 100 miles from Chicago. Within this distance short week-end outings are pealble. L " 'Pre"- , I:-

4 a—The first camp we chostwas'primarily for Boy,Scouts WWwere accustomed to

barracks, hercimattresses..and dormitory living. In spite of minor inconven-iences, everybody Seemed to enjOic-theniseives. .A greatiamountof time' qP0 effort; went into pianning of well .integrated programs, and we found that as long as the aCeiVititi dohtinUedl'bei rilell'CampittwasipossIble,tolceep the group. together fo'r an organized program. . . 4_ ' y . ij 10 li i 0 ; in .1 ^ 1 r-,1

, After three years, at this location we moved to a Y.W.C.A. Camp, which ' proved to be a dedided improvement'. Th& COmmittettonfinued td plan. interesting

and informative_progrems which attracted more and more members. Four years later, we discoVered the Georgegfilliris-Colfege Camp.atMitiams,,Beyt .Wisconsin, just a 24 hour ride from Chicago. Since 1958 our summer week-end outings have been held'at this Vocailba,Cana two yeaPs-ago, Sy popular demand, a. winter .weekend-opting was ,added to our program. Approximately 100 adults and as many children usualli'Pttend orid'or both butings:-; IfiJc r

, To enable mdre fel:Witte; to itiend;cthe CoaOp substdIzes the:third and

subsequent child in each co-op family at the rate of $2.00 per day or $3.75 for the week-end. Non-co-op adults pay $1.00 more and there jp“no.subidy for their children. Furthermore, reservations are not open to non-members until

t two weeks before,the outing. This action was taken by the Education Committee with board approval in order' to giVe'cb=ois members the fintIthoice of cabins andirooms alloted ton. Even soL,manvirmr..tcst in‘the ranks." : A

! 6

, Reservation and cancellation problems at times can be nerve-wracking! Previonlif we live adcepted a smal 1 deposit' ' but, we dreAlbw,Jnsint.P9-that full

, , mment.accompany all reservations. If the person or family cancels before the deadline, refUnds- Will be made." After the deidline-,lhoweveri no refunds will

Aaelgranted untess additional reservations are secured to make up for die cancella-tions. V) ! ^i ‘ -1

„ f tions.

Ths7 programs ,have varied fromyear . to year. Sometimes we have used our own members in discussion groups, and prominent 'speakers for dote formal' presentations However,' because lof the shortnesspf time over the week-end, and the recreational aspect of the program, it is becoming more and more difficult edireinteln interesi in anyaind of formal,co-pp,sducatipne ras :time gpes,cill we are doing less and les of this type of formalized program. Nevertheless, the Week-end(get=logether of

.n,=1 “Mermbers.:and :Friends provides lep.oppontunity,for informal. and spontaneous discussic of all kinds of co-op problems. In addiiiOn, -the'Ove-and-take Of eating together and playing together, results in a community of interest which carries over into our regular co-op activities during the rest of the year, and this is certainly a part of the educational process.

7 71- r r1

for the trip the first year. ,They report 25% to 75% increase in volume from the people who make the trip, plus added volume from their neighbors. COA manageoent believes enoughJin. tbia.program to provide a budget each year for sponsoring tours where expansion- programs are under Way and for problem co-ops. Four years ago we sponsored thirty-four speciartdurs.

IT for eocipetat v'es • whe re purchases ;of petro leum f rom CCA had d ec 1 !led , from

ttti theiprevious yeart to the tune of' enr everege of 5,941 gel tons. Tours were •cOnducted in,Mid-year andi by the end,:of six,,months this trend had been: re-versed, and these thirty-four co-ops showed an average increase of' 4,1y1.76 gal/laid! for diet f Ls'ca I I year.. Twentrtseven, of the, thirt-y=fourt tObwed

- 0131060e increase and, thirty-two iof the thirty-four showed a," doll'ar' gain tervalitine purchased f rom .11 .a • c

Bus-load-tours are organized for the specific pdeposee 'of gerieraV • 'education. organizing a new co_op i n La commurilty,,) expand ng an existing

6151,00't'or a'hew.department, ,to revi-ve interest in the membersbii", `and ta 4atri1liforer1dyalty. Of the top -fifty local co-ops in "CCA land fdrtyifour

vjbajd.SOIMISOred/bus-load-tours during .the past few years and Many of these -19aFg'd ditantzations csend one or etwo:tours ach year. 4 , c 3Crif t. -1 t• I LA.) L .di tit lit't; ' 7111 " s' 1 1 ; `,^

• 411 a

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c.11 pti.. NOW,' "rti r1 I

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V s / i lc; -171 L/ Ivt0I r . I t

CO-OP TOURS

by smoinv ni ses=tpr: Ra nj rrawi-Tinte"Elniiltomry /alii Ed/ gill edi lol .alr'Jkien lisql LGY:' CMUIOV babr aut./ tii%1 EIII Ei-LAit crIa EIf,b:c! .E4-1 moll d?ct jAh4cgO4b4ggbyearaThnbitiai.niWv:ELeartrE83%Ithroggh ikIsh&t :Ve re-iealnt, hr. 0% ,- — 114 “ ste :-4" '..-- --i t 1.01F... '",Cg' c'ILIN elDC1 eilile 10?inC4C l 1-Ey 3 "ot what'we . lrir1 .a.luei •Itosc: vitn-yllidi Lelc,n,n2 E../ -_-.3 alc-y es°09 .cc,Inoe i,srdele co-1i— b,-;-:f7 b e" eme,-.1 lv-f gioThis '. 1.tb--Op members nova Wthey4oWn,whenktheytseemhatrthal”Wfb

c7,4 en'tihne"il"Ogian-2cWafffe (CionibrierSI C eopenat Lye; As sopi "Jon ic, Kepsas3;C) ty, --iMOb rbilginftf&- Vri;ibriA4Wietif ThWsltioen4dpilusliub(14 4iPlInhcbS°-'idpOt

W tOrNfIN4WEipiVrOptxthterestedut6urtguldssdIV:P4OLPJAPPw plus A . fl A at , GreWSK I4(freing d geodheWW±OUrifgrPOS*Irpt0 4:CareftthrOppring

" .1hd`VNeebtrignkeeuifbdrOliddlifthisilafilingnesSibtCCRatovmanagement-Ammet and answer questions--all of these thingsrAh4fmoeet.havermade7the5 CCk tour

z MUM icrlaMm 311-iasia sd3 be/Ir3tr10 ns aluol bno1-ilE3

1-4-4-reni321PJ'scli&riWriee:0? ce&7s1 ljefiddtE1415cfor4:8004alesi.ls1CC PAPILPRemqa1rd. 1 ,-the'ariodal hCcila,ti'rt Vie mirleraber -pays -the -other ,tworthirds, Rrfinades, two

meals i'dat a ca icttit7e origioniicos tr 750 'for ,e,ach,l,bParskiPPOW2 and r""j ." vn-r.' :?'-" L' '.r.=116mX20".ipiCtureqobrithedlocalicqvap,EbtAttetin employee on the rip, plus_ a .

board (cost - $3.5W5vAbotie diweekcafter the tour, meisend1AP,01 t94limem-ber a letter and a growth chart which outlines the basic facts about the growth and development of CCA.

For several years we gave tour members a spiral notebook, 814; a ball-point pen, 40; three picture-postcards, 2ic each; and an 8"x10" picture, but this was discontinued. We now give them a small kit of literature only. Last year we had 140 busloads with 4,273 people and 54 organized tours with 992 people. In thirteen years we have entertained 706 busloads with 20,437 people and 429 organized tours with 7,328 members and patrons. Recognition of this program is given in CCA's annual report, in Leadership and in Team-mates. This program has the stamp of approval of the CCA distribution di-vision and is always emphasized in CCA fieldmen's conferences. The Coopera-tive Consumer carries stories twice a year.

The member relations department assumes responsibility for setting up the tour, issuing confirmations, making hotel reservations, and programming the tour at each point. We Issue detailed schedules to local managers and fieldmen. We generally plan for the hotels and meals even though the mem-bers are picking up the tab.

In the beginning of the program--twelve years ago--I , personally, woid meet these groups in Lawrence, Kansas, forty miles away, or Coffeyville, 170 miles, and ride with them a day or two, answering questions and keeping the tour on schedule. Now, however, due to the large number of tours, it is impossible to do this; and so I meet them only in Kansas City. We now have--in almost every case--an experienced local man who has made the trip previously. Local managers are encouraged to bring county agents, PCA managers, VO-AG teachers, bankers EPA boys, etc.

Many local managers believe that the added co-op purchases from the members making the tour will add sufficient gross margin to more than pay

39

• her irevice---a‘r•Iy:nik.am,inmriP4421:1,arat,T.rinni -" • - .744" at . i.,015 r. • 16,simiM 64 t:Wit ficiF*04.4 I, • -

tettl.t O r 4., ' r

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1

bnr ebidii“.4111WVW 7.2! .4 b id 4',T.werF,

iAttiagifoilLotiospi,Aaameii460AikoolfNrovR 9arch-s. k aiittiCiOkigAigtiOttirm 4r4shianiikiagtratiti [Table), and' subjectfaattar! OP:the .ouestions410tq..,Z,r6itKIMagT 5!”-7. 1) the !!aftv"'" :W J"erl topmanagetnent, and '3) the Board of

111-a rtd'C'4* Tee,

i „

lbfirtLtiatnhe-1,pro artk ati;:t. nreg,toliari4iffilisistfit-poltcyholders* who •S lei ni 1W4k0a6Satifilai0056S4r4Iof ditvae(66,00ditittftrr&iceinfrols

inittfutell.'We iianiekiicealinosilinenimous participation in this first stage of development;

ito,i,L1611.9714-U!Nfi,400110144it146 760oCai'e&gZloi c9riducted 4y,p15,1CYhotdert their -oWrit homes.s

kF ;"( • j, av4;Y: ; 141 1 7 .k.''. *; '6 1'; !'t 7° '

4. trdounaelior Programgslet-01 ri:',4it.011„.4445.1

t 6 • 4

AllsgmLethe- pititaieriitAta tVel;;004gf,Titiit4MoM . tbir 4Annual increasedcapt400064'ilitaSAb 's

„-:""C\19YC°414-gbirai41W1 "6Ar rorg§raMY agantawili,raporftokchajagtodatRdondia646s, counsel With har ,a Policyholder Planningglonaj,- -ComMitteeirWOriewith agement 116,040ipprrOlOcC,igentS6Oitdchdidai-7:dheitnOirid-ltl'f n the AC! %

j7,w ,Incesse!son..:groops,mantioned 4:4 '4

‘146 6 • ,-,Pc4-...4.n! ) " X-44

5. Family'DeCtsiona'Utm‘ - 4.• • -• • • • • - ? 1 4' je .6‘ ttc ri 4.

'e• !-'t • -*int -,;Ap g$110i,beenT,hampereifl eceoPerenji40 the PEOF.Advisory Coundlisc. It hak*horbeen'ebte to capitalize on bàsi social ties among participants. cengraity.speakihoitour,particiPaptshava 110;lsociakties,with_one another, lit,44611440ngritePilegascititiaappliad400AndiOdst0:10artibcilatlAyiche

v71, — dc:,.,Aiqt.49 Yrifee4Ei m4 in t711 ,1t4

freParP. P&12§#0-giunirospAtt fowifikoi;tokilkozoiriiiiot*.tb„ myeattiatiOtic#1 giiiirOSSerativIttcrOlOpp4444:4).g4*040111n0...wOnarii,;POnnitotilttOtt ._, famtikPOOr .0160;00 (ft Ony Wth4)0c0S70,010y. The participants' thUSiciast;„thaKiis,itttatAlanairililijOiiiktilg:1,46iielaCgrowift. tc,:r% tfira'lldittiTO VoltrAgAgeietithilliq,1134Of :"01. 14OrMiti6 I tI `r4 tAtOigillkM41.04004#t*OOMPOOOW-ittitivlameitimighti;prOvislianteasy Social: atmosphere.foragenttpolicyhoider meetings,.and :at the same. time matcp;iteeislaWoratia agent to engage in meeting activity. It would also provide a patprakprIOntatAPP,J9 tbs.famllY'40;PMntjdoas4 and OarhaPas!ccOdrati'00/00fpOp#OW64$001i4anCe4WithCtheelfu004ionsuo PX51100*.and;reapOrceiyOficWationwidp.poticOUid0a theit owl hth0q54

11•4 te 6%! . J '•6* 6•' 0 6 64

akettepapPittohimiti9the:gaMo wil(continue"WougWthOrrst. n'aSo 62.11at Yitikci •tri€P,MPP4i1P 14,e;.#ar..„..4.1f9,t...- 0,0 f 4.9.,tof

4 .S.1 P0c,05 1 3,1) ) ; tib IF. :!ieL *P 'Ob?!t°1?"%it p ,tot,thAi tortImol 6. Afin6adaCtinfaiteniaiSeEP011iVhOdar -AdWaoriAlk6St,:hna 44)litY tn th6

PAr:.p.mItam:., 0)0 044g1.4 ,44A001AgnOoOdif tounsel With MIntir4bandiikariatHohlihWeitioAhnualtconfarOnee wIil bsktcenducted *ithai444040*4.4aq004,0Siir0441"glechnfarance,loOcauraikiispoir main i.burCb7c04011iYhOdar54"eadOriab1000104,1di aSOPur strongest device for MOtIVitihg OblicyhoiderlartiCipailtin. ' r fly'0,"..chiOncrreiN

thisi4

"

??. <11

Creinr, fli, It.37 2 1 t rti ijwith one

gibjtci: Liart4.01thi,a51

the committee was conceived by the policyholder leaders themselves--not BY 'anyone "tri .managenterit2b TO4dateit thar'metotWi ea-20de in '1960 with

rsOVett methberS, and ?OnCedin 1961 with 14 members. it will have 21 brmembers' 1ñ.1962 and *thereafter. ' ifs &it eS .are to-plan and-help run the .Annual-COriferenceli.of' Policyholder rAdvi sO'rs; iiridit6- help steer,

sir and execute, theideVeldpment ;of policyholder part idipat i on in the companies. L "nib , irs•

Without exception, the members of the committee-have applied themselves enthusiastically to the work, as evidenced by the minutes of their meetings.

le,”lh 'rd '- j r i7in b. c -C - (1 Plane:tall -for twd.fmdeti.ngSdf the-committee- in 1i962, i"

• hro- : • t g Pol4cyhóleripl:annin :tortatteei'i

t. 201 • rl i 1 . r u, LC" .Pcif leyholdeevleadersqn \New 'Jdrsei P.egio.n again on their -own ;initiative--

tic '"have g'rabbed CrrtOrtheLPcitidyhOlder 101Orining Committee idea-, and are r adaptldg Bi-teto "the ‘ragl one: partidtpatióri prOg4m, ;, t 'remains to be

• `"i, - • dean 'Whether the CYliolder, leadership in the Other Tag tons, follow suit; but the indications are favorable, the National Planning Committee

• ha 5 •.drian i mods 11:OndOrsed.tni's “aCti-Vat ipandzwe 'intend ito pronicite It as much as possible.

'WO 4,4 r I s ro.in ketin'jeriey.i grotip; besfideSEPlanhingc.haiassuMed an organ tz ng.cfunct ion,

"3/4" rc 'Meeting? twice' Fry 1961,21it 'has developed a prog remand materials by -A 'which the 19 inembers.`tit the t;Regi one ry tomtit tee wrtlic rgari lie and

:fen' the fail ,eycla of -poi icilialder meetings this year. The aim Of "this '` .gtoup is to asakirrie MucirTof the Organizing burden now carried by regional

GI personnel and -sales management. It's not - incondei vable•that the Poll cy-'2 1 ' '_:holder Planning Committee 'idea ,might :be "extended 'to the...district level.

31 brie ; . ifso, we then .woCrld rhaVe -a -Complete :Sirticture, of policyholder .cirgani z ing • igitups- petal let to-dur "Present '.struCture of; pcilltyhOlder Participating

(T. t y /.1LJ • " g ati F: I w ;i" ) 0

3. Regional ACP Consumer Panel rit To' !" "r-. .

4.44 A mUltiastage program ito 'organize policyholder •tlisquesiort groups wttl begin' in June, '1962, 'With the creation of an..ACP. ,ConSumer Panel. Composed

• Fr:* Of Members kof;ithe -Reg ibrial.Advitsory Conim it teee. C . C 171

4thTeS1 eitelVel 'a 'one-sheet •gilestion.nai re :f from the home In this program, each of the approximately 400 RACP members (one from each

acr off i 6e4Very 60 Olys,1 2 HeWEll be _as ked. to, exist, questions on. company ser-V1 del comp-ant-poi ity; Special' iprobloms&and perhaps. social .issue a re-Tated,t6 Nationald'e attiviti"es; and Ateturn'hiS ansWers in a sett-addressed,

id: r-A -steriped envelop-et° the home off ice.f Odr; present. thinking is that the 6); 6 ""c- qt abalatsd results het ,repOrt ed lin .0ach, issue!of MINUTES.

L.,61 tt t i I. r n s t "'="o •

11132

After 12 „ months., reach -panel: nieniberiWil 1 he included tO. get 'al consensus before filling out the questionnaire--a consensus of six or eight other PAT c9hcildets :1-; The :0'60' Will I - Meet -sodatilt,' fl 11 out the gLiest ionnai re as deliberately or rapidly as they wish.

; .;_n L2, . 1

At the same time (as the 400 consensus groups are formed), we can attempt I"` 1,:eci trial itute' :fhe• f;reStrstEitege the :program "atkthe _district le/el. That

; ,(11rir4i Is twe would "Send, iwe'st idrinahies itot theirapprokitha.tel y 2,n00 'D Est rict ACP Committee members.

f •36

c.-43 aisb7“...f -(551,1triy itee add bovi.00rted (-nit 93 odsd B ,Qual ity-.0bl act tve.-,6To,A4iscovor ;bow deeply:politcyholdertmi VL

. r. bv Involve them5elve.aiothat.-xlegree:ofrire5poristb.1;11.,ty9they canbe adi. mil 0: 'made toffee) toward i the A.Cp prog tarn:and_ toward Mat lonw and

t-tacm., ,how ,much;:workIthey Itnglytmutelin-tonEthelp,rogramttthia . E t'i di knowledge thas-not -,yet,,,,been rachi eyed . tacithust.ou r fammed!late objective

today is to find out how intensively ourpolicyholders are will-pm'! #.1:71 ii Eng ito,sparti,c1patez9vcrt edi 'to e-d..d:7,s(,1 till cnoi-tvLah(.... :fiuodfai"

.ecrii‘.; "4- LM:1 yd kg:rid:Ave an oh yi PU

The participation projects and activities described below serve different specific purposes.Xyfr,courso;minnconnectionoathmthekivartouscaspects; of the ACP program, Most of them, however, have one thing in common:. they prov ide, within the present framework-of:k,theACP-Progra.m.ineddliplopall work assIgnmontS,and modes of participation TOT pciliCYlicilairs.—Tha- IteiFiTig Ebiiiiirtee rep re-

--ev I isentsiourattemptntor.disscoven tbow Untensi velynthelpoltcybolders,tid Hi part i-c tpatei. ,These Long j e.cts) and ract iii.les--4mosp sof ,4harg-tare..Jhe ng of our effort -to:throw tat .pottoyhol4er a1A : the, work i ycncpos,s.l y Itake, in order told iscov.errthe-maximumjpart lcipitrisi.ritthey)iwilt.tienclpro;-;be.foxe,,bcreeki_ng away.

4. _ 4- 4rir 3 pi yip : ti t rd..; snr 1 iibni DcJ3 :hid ;live ahl:Sii "then ; nis the.,general:Jourposo -..ofi:iOurst.p.rojacts: and activities.

.crdiL.,:nq it (Lawn Now the technique we are using--and this also applies to most ,of our •

i nr;:;D„Iproledt4iand.cactilatilos.t.-15;rtontwork iphrooglisthqc,bas,t, poili icyholdernloadership L1( We tcan 1indieori deve1pp. t -Therets. arc i.tlqallzrepAork,A6711 Although pol c

bt Lhol4er-partici pat, iion,rts ,,,c9rage Ned :;03) a zigrassfootaLtacPiyi ty, ; I t, yinst neve r-e'rthel.e55 be • org an lzad,a and sach.;:corganijat;1,0511C4941:res.r.fitrm land -Purposeful

IL r For %.instance.:(Ne_tionwlde nsuranceai though growing, opit, of a -ya.9 rdsstoot-s,:b rgantzat lon•orstil b reggi red.ildecti-cataci -and,ipurposalql delflership in -reorder. to .s.UCcood.. )irhe,Alnited At ate ,of Amer1c,.ialtnixt911. JOUndecl-!ktiPopular

,fogndttng .fathorsistg gcite rthe; Cons‘tktutli on, and its pi state :and Ape al-, ru leadersgt o -get ,Ithernaw Irepub,kic...„acropted; !bit' FOP' fEeopc•I e.

Every effective political party has disciplined party leaders' arAisub-leaders, or else it breaks down.

1 53 1(.17,se..io3 frinoiet -1 .E Thus, most of our projects and act EhaTheteilledThrthe following

tfdatures:: 2.1));ther.thrust,!are,lndrepsIngigloa4 ;of rwo,r,knerchrr Pc.ristl?;1 ty on the ixtc.Tpolityholders4heMtelvesv. 921'The..deve0ovpoltcyho14qr*,tea0PrAhtPikkthey moti-- vate One another. 31 They; Jeadenshilp afoririPiti sful imple-. .

,mentati on. • :. • r1.7--ci slo) e.17‘ttrt.t I V 4 CO:.1 y1r2sra1;•,^ ad:, it 11306 t'fiy.fl poi cf.

ev,g; On peed.] lanityo-clevelopninlrfollowi ng, thjs1 ciiiroCplogri :, .17p, proceeding to \-iorganl re) grastoots .4 bottom-w pert lolgationp i t, cqtptVappparj ,tha.trour pro-

-ci•jects..7and,lactivipiesareLorgentzedeli ii ca. tteprd,owr! 1h * 'The-itrongest policyholder ',1,ead.ers,-,,ara;.thoso. who haVelioache4,4ho,:ppper levels

Drôf tha ACP ;prograin through: eloct ;and cupon Jrarogrti plop, billancisfasponsi ty have al ready! b'etri ..thrus.t by ithelir ifelilow pqlji cyiQ1 csc4t J:sart-htsi .group which

-; • requires our most intense follow-up if we are to develop leadership, both at rthectop: and .:orp downxthemliine!„ Contentr-d.eVolOOs rf:rqm PrttliPj Ilet1911.4

el e (4 3.! Yr..* 44 141 .1 E., 10 :2- u.- r,:i.Z11CJ 0•• -.4 1 iscnoittztir, orif ;tin 4I( fl 1:71nTOCI ri infiroi -Below ,,a're the TACP.- projects, we-plan to, undert eko; or ;pont inuo.lquAl ng 1962.

lead: y ;hi Cp1 10 ; !SS S 1. National Policyholder Planning Committee

lqcrs155 r53 szitiDdr) EktilleEtiO3 01C!1 wL n 91;2 ..•A Sr ['This :group,. r composed oaf :LeleCted ACPA•_C.ommlittiele. Qbirmen,7 ..W.aP; formed to cl3A 13i ircici ithmed.1 ate .and.tIong.,:range planni.ng on, ithe,LACP..(11rogrom..! fElgpiif i cant ly,

.21t dm-rrt as1 iinto3 35

boonl'osed aver; c1ujirr.i sPodl titAluw bfeli orb' 3o zlibla isfuoinsq sd . 45 moS flO1h3iF ..0.7.0M PG b41 c,;isfucloci oilup 6d c-

isinc bnuft oc4., s pi r=db f AI CYHPOROVFiciPilhninte•?;v1fizli „tars en:d:;yos ,.12014 fial_vo cal lo liaq

crePrgi l.r10- aAtjYYMA-fpr,c1:96;r:f0,1 lows, the rect ion,ret forth and t' p pJpinudrip • document s_qsl 1 u,atipp-s,-Ap.K1-1':':1'9,€,VA-tpeOpilAdysctry, Com-

cPp_ITcyhpfdessitirep te patc.:Ficifecct ion is. ci1èsp;r1bV.:',1:syi cperrep raphs

. ;9 ft ActcP"1.9P-ttf, . •• 0 r.mq idDOC12 .1*.! S'iLillhai yiinc..)--1 Lio(di :4-1, no taw pi;riknE4 '

bLfs .Upp cRecernker _kpersi dgectpirs .ippirpvc# 1 pires_elit icr's stpt,eme,nt pri 314 at,lonw,i rcacpp rat 2, ,oliSe9t yell; pne, pf:Witi

3iitnir T:!PcPYCP9P-PPtkAtliP* ,S.P.eq0 )10TAr t4 StPictt4W -# -ircti,16-ccr,othi

on elA1s.Pr41198.i,P9510Pleis,t Ircza-to jO el Si .371 io nohni4,01crs oi • -pi 3o 06 - coo Err 4:-dvloe ‘';:f '1G rirl r '5 ;;;IgL„Is T:,cqmppanyry A4vd.spry_Spong7tt ap., cykp ied.ercsoiai, eist0.11st(ed,in

"on a trial ties i the board dre'ai re-Et-Ors on lth6usi)-61, 195C-1911- ' 1r. 4 L4I ox_cleriSp...es s i,s t: :pp lipyhAlsleilL tp es bi,n„the cfctiv)i tnipsc, pf their

cpmpapl pp .111 , „yee,c,aleker,i ppa Ats`gp.st directed 'that ,thel cpmRpriles. cpcatilanpei to deyelpp rpeti:pyih:911er .pp tifrpggh a System' of district, reional and company-wide' Achi I &Or/ eilmmrt els , of Policyholders.

"Thus, from the corporate standpoint, the ACP program is an experiment in policyholder participation. The corporate objective is, precisely, to learn something about policyholder participation through continuing experimentation. So far, participation has been "advisory" only, but the present program could lead into broader areas of participation, such as legislative activity, community action programs--almost any kind of undertaking which requires the efforts of people working to-gether. At the last policyholder conference in Columbus, for Instance, participants expressed interest in a policyholder CARE program.

"Managment has been concerned with two practical matters in developing the ACP program. Initially, of course, there has been the problem of establishing the program and bringing policyholders into It. But of greater Importance has been the problem of putting real meaning into the program--of interpreting basic motivations to which policyholders can be responsive, of finding how policyholders and the companies both can derive genuine benefits from the program, of identifying and over-coming the difficulties of two-way communications, and of learning how deeply the policyholders are willing to become involved. Necessarily, then, management has been pursuing two different objectives in the de-velopment of the ACP program:

A. Quantity Oblective To have a substantial number of policyholders participating throughout the operating territory--this has been achieved. In nearly all sales districts, policyholder meetings are held regularly every year. Total number of participants has grown steadily. We are confident that the number can be greatly and quickly enlarged when and if desired.

the particular skills of the field worker, these institutes have been found to be quite popularo.apd thed,iffilculty la es much staffing them as it is anything else. Here thgaini the 'readership Of 'a 'fieldman is a very fundamental part of the overall program.

br.5 sr • aTr, i •,, f -1 . ,t t-+ _ tt e t

'Three 1My. Training Course The to-operat sve Unson.rsponsors two three--rt.:3 dey ,trainingi_douracKat the Orovinqi 1.111641, one in each of two ldcattiOns I 7 1 1T in—the Porth'and -APOuth' Of ilia -proVince:7 The courales'PaVe' been developed

more recently to feature some specific part of the di rectors"'reiponsibi Iffy. . For ,essaino 1 e riga; year the emphas.is ,waaoonshe, respops ibi I Wes of the board in dUatLohat olefin/I6g. Each:bf,the Lasioc at i oils In ,ap 'atea 'are 'Invited Lo send 'represdntet,loti. :, While iherre'lldi*Lnot", • been trie tisind of attendance that would be des ho lidviretiended 'havetalWays -beep inOst 'enthusiastic in their appreciation of it. It is our present planning icitulld this in as a role of the, field service, and possibly of the district educational or-gan#atg.f.Ori 'f ran) t'w3 h1e'4de gi:redtori: a e't"som' 'jugstance tbWards: their attending. r 4c> 61 4

1 n "! ' • `r 1; ( .

:As :Til a-7111 most "other -co-Of:kta tl vi-a e: educatiOrial -endeovo'urs' One of the real egui-terrientst , to get auff l'cirentl trained leadersh'ify 'in the 'areas to' make 'these as effeetl yid in tilet I' '001 Icati an 'as i possible.

it it 4-41 i vpo ,

r" 'tit 1' ' 1 r i if .- h lE f .

..1 '6 A. 41 .! I I ' ,.: '

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33

CO-OPERATIVE DIRECTORS TRAINING PROGRAM :'%. ''l ....," 1 '‘, : ,C -1 ?fr. ,

"The Co-operative Union of Saskatchewan considers that directors programs at all levels arejorthe-g'reatest ithportande.4h1f.a co-operative movement is to retain its fundamental character of owner direction, it is most impera-ti-Vethat ther membershWand thef..dirreotote'arilceqUipped'tbigiirterenlightened

_ ..= Lieadership to these gOtwing orginizations.ke..- to i g .1 . . . n .

Tili is a quotation from the Saskatchewan CO-OperatiVe Un1on'S162 Annual Report. E/ ."( ' n . .' ' ' ti --, , 4k

a - . -The 'Midi.' 1S=c6nstently Striving toward workIng:out'procedures\which will-achieve the.MaximumpdfdevelopTent in directors training.lirogram? At

c '1 present-the:prograin is pribari19 for the.directors..Of local retail ,co-opera-tives and is set up on an integrated three stafs:twehli -. '

Ce l'n lc The'prOgraiS flidlves the use of birectOrt-Advisery service (samples n ,L. f

r - attached) ferdise by-each local co-operative. -

L. ' L

I 2. 7 Regtonal-one.day direetor§ institutes. C "

A

3., Provincial training courses under leadership of the Co-operative y.„L( ocone§4.- r tJL ,dc ' .; t n ‘

r: J V MI! H vr..L, 'VE iS

Ditectort Advitbry,Service2 TheiDitectOrs AdviSory-Ser4ice is adsort ' ri- of=torrespondence courde whereby:kat cd-operatives sign'up7-toiOse the

lesson or discussion guides at each of five regular meetingsAuring.the course ,of the winter. The objective is to create some thinking, about the directors

' titifies'and"reSponsibilities'andjqUestiOnS'reised'Or 'either cleared with the fieldmen or 'directly with thecCodrSerativeMnion office'.', 'The leaflets cost somewhere in the neighbarnooed about-$10i0Oper.tooOerative per'year, mailing and all included. Last year some fifty boards out of the three hundred

= Odd used it on a re'Oulafi)asi0While,a-feW%dtheri had less than a' full year prog-tem:1 „I 1 - _ 4, ri c , 5 n /CI ,

4.

1 - Ihelinfon has found that rhuch more 'use is made of the leeflets and much more benefit.gainedirOmIthe'eXperPente if a fieidmart can intrOduCe the pro-gram and possibly attend a. few of the meetings and get the discussion going. The Defectors AarsorV SerViteteaftetS dreoproduced byrthergo=OPerative Union

, of-Caneda with'suAaestiOns'doming forthfrom the'prOViocia." if r -3 1 •

w20ne Day Institutes - This prOgraMinvolVes the bringing together/ of four or five neighboring co-operative boafds forth afternOoflessionat which time the fieldman and/or someone from the Co-operative.Union or the Depart-

." Ment°6-fLCo-60etatien attendilaS-e resource-person. Ihe'primeryfunction of theseItine lat institutes are to 'exchange experiences and inforthattdflin come

= mon problems and to go furtherfoOard understanding the applYtationif some

f-the-ihodghtS raised by the DirectOrs AdvIsorysService. 16 addition the

one-day institOteijendealiOur 4et the'dtrectorsthinking=about the co-opera-

tive movement as such and the responsibilities they assume in giving leader-

ship to a movement of this kind. While the:pattern Varlet in accordance with

32

vaviYAn-J TiollArt SVIV 0-03 REPORT ON THE CORRESPONDENCE COURSE

amsleola cio1aelih ladl aleLicncia nnificdpsrdc,,F. reinU nmi331rt10-o3 edT" . jr movnm OPME.c0,,RIWAVg-AJNI.ON'OESAOSDAts dov.j Ifs 15-"in; l'elt 'el ti ,enw( itAhalado 13Sr tt ali r jci o3

ben3.doilnEallflitlI1950bPsC079PerP0,3/910111PD of5cIppOw@prouPd ..4s3f4rt stu-dent in a new corraspondanceacoerspiii;This west,tha beginniggqofeenLeXperieent in providing a service. In correspondence lessons in co-operative studies

VefroM'PeceOtttaltnakonal OrganIzatien 4NARY1Patiti9f5'051 coYnt.F.T4T z NitimA

- The thought behind this new service was that especially employees in deiany2co,operativerlinnCenadatshnu]dibe,able toareprOl'initheicorrespondence JA CPerseitp:Aqpiplthemelyes,,better_foritheistWor.4,!,:g701P6WaSvC9Pgdere4 as

; -si-goPeittlettalbegter ttiattAgge.PrOgraT for F79PaPOristi9nOtNrec,t0U.S.,,Urchals° encouraged to etlii0.4* eta:la r..,4fli:t befsor.ini na no cis] ci Nt vii

aafir-e) eaTkiq.00..alsoiltal-jn: m1A4 thesfactethatviwi!th Tapt4l expensign of the co-operative mOvementvig-someaparts,of shaccootry,l empleypeewpre being taken into co-operatives with high technical coMpetence but with little or no know-ledge of the co-ec.eratiyesmovement orc.the7qnecialcfeatgnesjn the operation of co-operative business.

coi3(-iNq3-733 aealuoa onil This first course has to do with the history, backgroynt, philosophy

and methods of co-operatives,, with particular reference -to the movement in -s-,-)r,Canadat.nlitrconststs.,70...ftfteeranleesons anddeals.:04tht,the-matn-types of co-

. “:)perativesflinpthegteldsco,f.marketWg.,:rcoW4Mer4aeHic.ankelip-Oles“finance ecl(ca (andpeeridcPeni3r-in n pt cvi*. to dzn.3 Is aebiis2 nri.rarci.Aio neteei

Jlicis ni nii,4 O i ovi33Ida (AT Iczy s'na 13 £13 Jhe-cost:OflenrollmontIlSr$50siceThts.scOVATSitheiteSsgne(AndecOn%Lderable 5'00 readimgimaterial,in;additheo.vittielpeRaYS,If9,51th'itutOlngnWNO ke done

.aionyanaikndividuaLchaalsi,alasafarc.!ast posetblerwitho,c,teacheg-spdenp,relationship. bsihn,r1 °Ltd Lat to y31i1 o-na licy Jr2 i :is -c.if,t:m

:cis,: flat theatutorlAgate decentroUzedsaccordingdtquthrea regions:LWesten, Central and Atlantic provincess In the Western provinces it i fistoriellay the staff of Western Co-operative College; in the Central region in the office

dem of theiOUDI an4 imthegAttanthermylincesitplis.sflundeE;Gthe,asspckete director -ov cof thehExtenston Department of S,t,i,L-Franclas,ApvieriUnlyer'AtflErt d ,;-a

s ntil.aueatb s bit) re .11 CQ1 r1:1 .4'i WO: .1—Jr4 ,o,3 h ncial ciailaiMeotessone..orezcon4ncted ishairatheriftwsibleewayik Students may en-

roll at any mttmejand :may 4tekeetheitess.ons,rat own,pace.j ArfittenrAssign-ments for each lesson are prepared by the students and reports on these are

1,10 iumada-jndlviAt1etly-byrthastutorutoltheAtu4ent.. (43serittfitcate„ 4cgiven on. si. theisuccessfoliAomptettoocoff.,theccoursa la,-c- . rjit 90

• —:111‘41 fa'it 10 Ji se, efv.!f,:oe 101.71n4 ri '51..C1dije,aAtAhaipresent tipeAere%4re_sixtytfLye,AtedentssenroLlectitn3thfs course

-n.e-ninstanacia.ertntmanyccasee3eietopanet;bvescpay-Aither;ppoloraell-,Afr the)50 enJe forranya.emplenyeeewh?-iftnisShe%btlieLP04Cee.,4-WeOie4eve ; 1714 .thtsAs an.encou-

. sc.; raglinginewldevalOPMeatwinfertalPypeArelanjng..;a114 htP(S,11tWX,thatTother -r-ngo-ccourses:0411Ebo,s1tarted:eftequthiA• W.40,,kektebrished li,w;t.a0.1

us-theta ni .vralet.c \' 1. a t i dt coçe..i I L;i:; i;i5.1";SW, C i 3 d3tu c,..-Zhe%CotoperativesUniore,ofqCsanadps iirsj aidi rip n

Alexander Laidlaw National Secretary

31

31 12.3.100 A"iikr0 13 '

2,nr --tnn7 WESTERN CO-PPERATIVE COLLEGEII T ,

TRAINING PROGRAM FOR 60-OPERATIVE FIELDMEN

Lvi 13-er-rz14- new program established by Western, C_c:mpperative College during the ;kn it:fast year, provides a series of' .colirses for fieldmen working With various

-c_, ttypes• of co-operatives. Thefl term "fieldmen" applies to people dale:both ,as "technical" work with co-operatives.

Development of this program came 'mit of several years of experience with rts,,sri.ndiv.iduel courses aimedat,blping develop ,the fieldm,en's, background and a r knowledge for his work. ltelsO area out of research and studs,' related to

,r,u.i.erthp.,, job of that extension work,ert .and. itra I n ng required. r .

its ilSfiC51: "!.." I ' • - „

•

brusayca. Thp training program has f tnree Main objectives: 7'

(I) To increase. undersfend Ind, of the. Co-operat i've Movement'. L, (2) To build understanding of thd learning process relevant 10 co-

•.operatiye. education,, -. fl - ' -OD riirk _to develop ,understandirig rand skills important tot program planning,

j • teduce,t) on ,Activi ;4i:0; .porinidnrc.atiolp,, t'and' ic

y:leedec'rship n groups.

The program assumes that competence in the fish' of adult education is yatneled.pdan.,:the Co-o.peret lye 4vioyementi ;end that, there ere a number, of areas of

,iknowleedgevkiich apply to _those-Who-Lire Working. with people: -f..5 imsc arid t t i; - It i .

The program consists of a *seride tof -

courses, peach ?of which deals J 0' k. / 1-with one of the following areas: k,d

(1) Co-operative information - the principles and application and how this knowledge can be passed on to others. iSLL.'1

ICI era bn62(2)ehritntrocluctlegInt.9 tlielcIwo,r1c,27,0an1overtyiewnofiadtilt learining, communi-,1E1 'r cc; ar -,c.ati;or,R,,(iteacherkg technique,s,, prd.gra,m inargro,up processes.

•tenni'm ..,,filocLd(3);53 Pirogrem_Rianoingrancli_eve,Theiion., e. ' - (4) Adult learning and exiens iflOn " " elcu-:S1(5) Communications in modern society. (6) Understanding of the area in which the fieldman works..-L_2 (7) DercOcrflii,19r914P Fir°F.e§.. ./EINI ccp32 - 2- IC) - iJ sill to esv (8)114 fl.naLSerntn,ril co.2011liq r",„, H

.

Jrk'r.ek rj

.elit , islassufreclothatieri fieldmaniwill also require technical training in . . . e his speci,fic;fletlil .5901e-,P,..chPf.,cal,c,Fciqrses-,ate provided by the College to meet L.these,t a_dd ittona„lenee, ds. , , ,41 .72

03 I ,1 5/ 11,3'fic 3 r/ I I 'rt'l The varioue-ocurles„are.. r obe,,weeki.PE two weeks in length. An

advisory committee of co-operative supers;1161's orfieldmen works with the College in establishing general objectives and policies regarding,t,his pro-gram. Some of the courses are conducted by Western Co-operativeallege,

leo titht .arescontrectecimithl:theecentre_t fosi CommuoLt,ye.Studtes_et,the University .enirbo! of'Saskatthewan..4,Mostjof:the cpurseSi were p:40 At- lia,it"40 t,during the past

m-nao oyeari rand., anei.b.eingi .oftfered_durtnge,tIld., cop la,,ng.s. 're i J

In planning a program of training, it is sugbtect'iredr ihtel Vstijidrvisor list his fie ldmen and schedule at least one. of these courses..aaoh, zpar until

l, have been attended. It is also suggested that the superVISOrr=attend most jr163 I I Tr Weir 111)1 ?O'Clh-e; eirrennidelf;:ir13 3Zr11 In Prifi t /Go i i14

ebr.,,..-3 To it. -„c,it vo 3n v r 1rfs/uoiq lv , to h_lcla • h , . ' rI 'At-beet) f. Icrat'e i.n"do-ofierativer hi itiWo to Elit,giyen,i-por pqop)e who . 'hivO'COMPTi‘ead—t66tiefleisAY4 2nifcc-,11 1.10:1 rboaii 30

WESTERN CO-OPERATIVE COLLEGE

CO-OPERATIVE iNrORMATION COURSE FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS

' INTRODUCTION --

r,i, n

The need for a hettdr understanaing ti' young peo"e14'ef"thelco-operative movement has bieen rscegm4d hy mcly co-operetara. ' In fnct It it difficult to. unders.tend.ba)7 pudi is ire) Our Schools' cana 1 earn:abot t cut soc1,6-1 and eco-nomic aclikirty wIthadt 'adMing• face tol face witch theic6-dparat1Vel.and' its ef-fect on our social en. d ecpuomic order. • . • • p.ca i‘ r

_ e bvbr the post number efLyearn Rthjc-6-6-Perai rye of' SaskAthewan I -. • • have sl/polled to our 001•4c, -end high sChoolt da;57Oblei::41 'books, .4s well as copies of a specially pre rad fl lm strip t4ith tecotoaLdg:tolorovIde factual information about, co7pRerejtives. Unfortunately, most of this resource material was ofjrrelatiyaly° priejt ic'al 'Use becoósemogt 4.14:IdE1iefs -felt they could not P'romotSH•nrIe t-ebdi.ori of the cd-OPerai-ves becEiuse:1 or t) t,

f Theyehed very Iiimited understand!-6&'O je: -co-operative and ir , They felt 1: was friat,!00feiole-tO .eItKef vromobi: drjcondemn co-loperat I yea, 'and the di ti• not *now 'hOw-to tteach- this subject

3:i. i r , r In.: 1P9'4 L T Consequent IV,. yifienterni Co-"&er**.ive 'Col !eV decided) to ;offer -a -5-'day

Co-ope rat i ve nfo thee; enrdbu rte-for' Teachers , dsWtIretti , Ati§nai 1.961. Based tr f911.01e reaction of the twelve teachers who attended in 1961, it has been de-

cs'aed to inake'ihit an. annual event. ' I ;

qr,; “'! n 4 " PUB.POSE ( • ) ( )

. l r'; 1 -I 447' q [4,44 ! I/

•The main purpoSe•of this-course-is to proYide 6aelt• Understanding of the co-operative and ies relationship Lri the ,Seo9om9;:.:a well as to assist teachers in developing. method a Of teichifig 4ubj4atuin an 'objective manner.

. ): GO ' r0". j ) CONTENT • ( ) . i; ' 111 C / ) List of topics - 1. Scope of the CO-Operati'Ve -Movement. C (i)

2. History,. Philosophy, Pi9fidiptesc4ria ObjeCtives of the

ni pnl.) I j fri14, Co-op Movement. 3a Tp Ofiedsine's-&-OrgahliaMoii.AComparisOris). 4.“ Organization Gfructure ora Co-OPeratiYe.-5. How a Co-operative is Or§anided.)L' Legal basis. 6 Marketing, Consumer, and Finance Co-operatives.

ur! • .

r &Z. ow ew'fi Of COolierat ve- MOVementc 1"-v f . T 4 444 :14 )3 yt_

/6^/4 ' . , 1 1 7 . t 3, “ - fmr t f COST • 1 a 1

a ,

2 - 0- „ We.st,e'rn Co,operatIVe 40I1 egedoes-not charge ittiTegular 425:00 per student- per week' for \hit toprse., but-of-pooketexpenses. for 'mealt, lodging, and transportation" fort the'teacchers are coVeredibyltkeiitat'grants from cen-

. „ , tire], co-operat ves. _ G 9 4 nn' " L- r' CI r 113 o ri) -11 "PROSPECTS '" t ) G ,?J.; g .4

All indications are that this. will) ',become an, inveaskngly significant part of our College program both from the viewpoint of number of teachers

-lwI ftend4iiaaszweEi as 1 rom:thaLr-1 ncreased under4tandIngAf,. and improved at-titude toward, promoting understanding of,, the cooRerative mo;IPTII9Ot.

13/4 29

tel.11hisiwife-Was-vertr.uplety ''Weistartatheatitig sand Billicame in at nine. . Akin pla 1 language hi sgvi fe!-aaked. fortan scp1 anat ion.. B El lcsaid,

•111-ioneyi don't igetcexcited,1 0 ,11 ,explain ' and ;this hen:lid:by Saying, ,"As iyoulknoW, Sam land I -went dto play sgo 1 f so-At the. first tee:1? drove off followed by Sam. We then started down the fairway when suddenly

- Sam c011apsed; ...apparent ly7f roW:a :heart -.attack For 'the next eight holes It was hit the ball,: andr,drag.-Sam; hit and drag -SanL"::

ala, • - 1.ZG ) LI 4C *‘ • I I . -";• .r: ' 7G

' t• Thks -may not be:a-good 1.1ilustrat ion of what I mean butitoo often • we permit; roadblockato -overcome :sincere arid.,-dedicated efforts,. We :t• must 'haversome ;of theidetermi net len of Sam. i

I 7-1 I )1 •

C'..t nf-- And lastly, I think we have .to heed-the advice of Edgar Dale, yrof whom ,mr‘nY tlf .you knoWp who said,. :'!Action • 1s: not easy to get when we

refuse tweet fin.„the basis of:-our onvict lens, we usual Ty :do -not ts describe our ziet i ohs rir un favor-Lib le terms. aie.do.rotsay I am corn-

▪ fort ab and 'de not -want to .chkinge,..-I aM:,fearful of being laughed r • at r or -failure 1.5 hard for me to take, nor 'do zwe sey let senieope

else 74r, fit; astead we rat ona 1 i ze, 14e jive. :good reasons that are k not the, real, reas6na arid these edt Orton:Lit ions ;might, be quite un-

1 , conscious; ic; when a previ onsly ,hyprioti zed, person „acts out a -suggestion given under—hypnosis ;and -closes, the window or opens a door, -He tries

r g to formu lateb a rational -basis _for ran irrational „ grolk z: a, • 5 LA', G r -4 ' z fl

9 • inie also,say the trme - i.sn'..t ripe foe this action. Time seems td eternaily;-unr iperfor most changes.. Actually, t ime dpesn,'t :ripen but, People and ldeas do.) The sequence in the ,acceptance of

1 a new -Idea lifsomething ke ith First of :al 1 the idea rls • • :proposed and the reaction Is that it isiailfoollsh idea ;and it Won't

it work. After a second: presentation, it I a:notya -bad idea but ;the time issn'4 right.' ctAfter 'addEMI:int'', and a thl.rdipresentati on,. the t I me

'mot v't May 'be rtght bUt we can!t. work out the idea ,here.i _We -bet ter get it 'ni to CoMmittee. r -And finally/Pi was -alwayt in favor, of this -Idea." ;'*.You thinktback -over the t imes idea's have been presanted .and dhow

often this pattern has been followed. "Action is 41earning," says Dale, 'and reacting differently, It requires motivation, content, and a

71 mecharitsM for carrying ::Out the.desPred raOticitiol Of these perhaps the Most'. important Of tall is ,o!:ir .bitt14,_ our mot i,vati on." Up:on this point

!riil f now- is..ehallistopp but lin -dormlading let me -say that your iconcerns, • your :efforts;, and your future contributions .1.n the iimportant area

of cooperative education for adults will play a prominent role in tn.- the;'development .of -the entire movement -think we must continue

-to bit. and,d rag, Sam. t Thank you very;-much :: .^1 ' I L t' t e

f h c . :1Efrl' , "'s; ri.'!, %Y .: 'G.:: • re) II '....

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i 1 ,,c- _. .... il ,.._ z c- ...; . T .,- r -1 17 — ' .. :. 1 ; „ t 3E, 3 ,, c-- / . c,t; . - .f.. / 1: ‘.; "FR p.:

The-inter-associational group:Mt national-associatiOns rhOrking 'in adult educationmeets,frequently to deal :with perplexing problems.

• It it another indication Of a series of advances,to get together, to pool ideas and to.try to do a betterijob in adult education.

• 1p f r • •,

That is a pretty brief ,kind of,diacussion-or presentation' of what'is happening and ivilat4we mightmxpett'. It Is,. at least, some of the high points, and I hope you will add your comments. Before you tid that, lioweVeft"; trOould like to conclude withkasumMary of what ,each of us "mist do if adult education is to play its proper role. To me !t seems that there are three things: we must do: They are: avoid the processionary caterpi llar approach; hit and drag Sam; and

, heed tte,advita of Edgar Dale. Now I probably should sit down with that, but let me say just a little in explanation. The proceasionary caterpillar approach, as I indicated, is the thing that we must at all costs avoid. It.is carefully explained by Mr. Patterson in a recent issUe of the ASTP Journal where he said, "Processionary cater-pillars feed upon pine needles. They move through the trees in a long procession, one leads and the others follow. Each with his eyes half closed, his head snugly fitted against the mere extremity of his predecessor. Jean-Henri Fabre, the great French naturalist, after patiently experimenting with a group of these caterpillars finally enticed them -tom rim of a large flower pot where he succeeded, in getting the first one connected up with the last one, thus forming alcompletetUrcie which started amend in a procession which had neither a beginning nor end. The naturalist expected that after awhile they would catch on. to the joke and get tired of their ,useless mardh and stare off in slime new direction, but notyso.t2from shear force of habit the living, Creeping, circle kept MoVing'around the rim of the pot--around and around, keeping the same relentless, pace for seven clays and7seven,nights-4and doubtless, would have:continued longer if it had not,liden for shear exhaustion end ultimate starvation. Incidentally, tan' ample supply of food was Close ,at hand and plainly

.visible but, it was outside, the range of the circle so they continued along the: beaten path-. ' .

r'inhey were follerwing'instincti habit, .custom, tradition, present and past exPerience, standardHpractice :or anything, you may choose

• torten it, but they were following itailindly. ,They -mistook activity foraccomptishment., They meant well but they got ,no, pleceis"

- ; g `t ; •'C i • , N

cr We cannot be processionary caterpillars, I think, in this field of cooperative education and adequately discharge our responsibilities as educational directors.

The second thing we must do is "Hit and drag Sam." I know some of you understand what this means, but for the others it was demonstrated by our neighbor who is an avid golfer. in fact, he plays golf most all the time. In his golfing game he is determined, dedicated, inspired and aggressive. Permit me to explain. It happened that we invited them over to a six-thirty dinner about two months ago. At seven Bill wasn't there. Nor was he there at eight or eight-thirty and of course

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Support for such programs has come from many people including Norman Cousins, the editor of the Saturday Review. He encouraged local groups to Start discussions at home, he called it a discussion of individual responsibility, and this suggestion has directly in-fluenced the beginning of over 1,000 different discussion groups in , the last six months. James Reston in a syndicated column said this past winter, "Everyone belongs in the act. It's not enough merely to listen to lectures. The need is for study of the facts in a given situation, say education, and for analysis of the courses of action. A nationwide adult education movement of this kind based on the facts and consequences of change could have a profound effect on the opinion of the nation. It could deal at first with questions involving the vital interests of the community, education one month, shelters the next, medical care for the aged the next, jobs the next and so forth, and gradually move to the more complicated subjects of national and international trade."

Quoting Reston further, "Walter Bagehot," he said, "the famous editor of the Economist, studying why some nations have progressed and some declined, concluded a hundred years ago that government by discussion was the key. There's plenty of what Bagehot called a vi-gorous, moderateless of mind in the administration in Washington today. President Kennedy is almost the symbol of Bagehot's ideal of animated moderation. But the central political conflict in the nation today, is between Kennedy, the innovator, and the House of Representatives, the consolidator. The dialog must be broadened to include everyone who wants to get a better idea of where we are and where we are going." Reston concluded, "Let this sort of thing be organized in America and some of the frustrations of our time will disappear."

NoWthese are not professional educators speaking. Here are other concerned Americans worried about our future and the importance Of adult understanding so that they might act intelligently as par-ticipating citizens.

Another great advancement in the last few years has been educa-tional TV. Sixty-seven stations currently belong to NET, the National Education Television and Radio Center. Schools are experimenting with closed circuit TV and Wilbur Schramm predicts that by 1971 every major university in the country will have its own system of closed or open circuit TV. Also, he says by that time half the colleges will be awarding credits via TV. Supporting this advance, Congress has now the new ETV bill which appropriates up to twenty million dollars to the states to build newEducational television stations. In Chicago's colleges you can get your entire credit program by TV if you want.

Another great advance has been in the field of adult library work. I think we sometimes overlook the things that the adult service divi-sions of our libraries are doing and the kinds of facilities we have available here in this country. University extension and evening colleges, in spite of the fact that budgets have been cut, have had

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..0 lmaglfl lg,gall ing powers.r.-„Thiewwesi cipmons,;cat.ed_thyl aistony that my forAferr,,n,er, boss ;et t tie1.10 veils i •t y ofacoloi:ado, I kt.. 3h.)C,empbeill,,,ospsicIto

!11T pd 'he i cert ajnily was, riot, opexwho apy,..tal I ing,ipowers. He repoljtedEthe, conyers,ationcofthroe went !one er.g6t9,, one' ;.elghty-five, and one ninety when they Were discussing how they would' like to go

,whegottisycdisd.,04Tihs•ligstiossiditis Iiik2,ao!,12e,fily19gitigh above y r; the,A19u4s. arKichav,e thp plene„,,suddenjy give, ou,c, pod i o 1 ange,tpcparth.

T,he secod- a9 he: dlaiiit 1 liceoto 614 he '4, ital6ef„hias chance !in a E., headtoq auto-aoiflision,,becauso „t6at, would, he,,,en.,,easysway to 995a The

third sa id ,t,hat ; he. d idn it agree, witipeit,her, that;frisi 1,dea„wasi to be shot by a Jealous husband. I think this is the kind Of spirit, ther kind „of fee! i enfirhaps thatj, am •te lisingj ehoHt ateli,east in

":°n8. 14-99q12CisI I I . 3art'D'ibeA; .1 ritl no i cd:4‘ n: d • 4.4 • 91_,T-41b4 i•-•4 V: 4) • fe, •,44nryn-in trys

✓ ,-t Aiong3th I s-I hicc str ei ,said, ymEsco .Journali fos Nay, 11• 3 p,Ver nce„the-clas cal, days Olt yarislarit.,qceepedi,t;r hasi 1,599,9-,gen,era1ly

..r agreed that Atie seOond 13ei,f.„of iits:na,ni,ife-Aepresents et g q in-qitab Ia idecline In mental „and physical fecult le 1qeJs ca st rong

-popular,. pre j qd ice ,in 'favor; of pthe k-yiew ,thei the fort teitigthiy,thdey is 3 to _ail rof ;as ,storse kind:A.! i rub icotii Orice3 cros,sea,„1,t„41st sopp,osed, that

rtg ILG Ci .) ;hi

happened in many school districts about the country. It's happening in Michigan, where two big programs this year have been closed down becausether3, boards dee yeti money, should, best. be on chi Ideatti'‘ditcatTori' igrief'd PSHI:tick' ria 1 't fife? 'Aiteuaf 'the& Aschoo Is to do anything as far as adults are concerned. I could cite Baltimore where much the same thing hepeened Jast year or the problems that Gary, Indiana, faces everrgek 4ifiei-el the Chamber of Commerce has. taken a real v i go cy,u.s ./approach--in op tion lit Loll cts, spAn.d, ',nu any money

.6.„ 1 Vitt gdiTelatfori,' f d "Of atO 6;a Eng .This ,11' Is 'fru '-oZt. 615-fjo liin vichekii: je sias "Our' ainicfit volun-IO tir &iuiit1dduca'tior(:94'ind fr:a s "'use r:rasib cn v fri (313- ° da5:rirq:ai chr, c b n as,tri nit

is:1 Ttid "dr:. 'Alit: 1 tr,°]tildattarre,°aliiiiiribii7:Gf te ac-'"ra liffle iffOilect, hit'd\--EV,16 ;Art eat nr"encr get.: :En d 1:c f,t i es

, so eon' Ts), !OT -di1i_ 'effort nine tn-tocla l wa'a ft' ex i it?, rtewt9atis and

L'4fh6S4 .4einnin, treg, --have"cpme' 'to rely 402n t 1*,6610tin 0 -'chekt, .tyle pub-tiara ry bi- Deorrifr:517et'ii. ‘traliInt a& IY,'''Whleh n' '~e‘ke'ry 'ea ail 'dees not 1 I onet:iLice iiiiiiii!Lfcri t 614) ari:s tin ear. Livitiv fa . co,.2 t Lax: 2 It. :TT, r.,+1 uoy

YrinTI r:t Wes? ntitisforia.f "1 Sale Atin- Association ?ciiiist a ifWe last four 'KA ,21- ,Yeaft ci-Ca'srtiVerV-Ciainper'iia:to seu't :lance(' MA.4 of 'fig' pry

B"7 `bed 'asinfil cif: .1 &bk.' "ef rigid :1164 li;eidcrieeci"VocfriOme z:-11 tbieineire 41rt crWillesttind cr,,nkfiandVilte Yfint*C6tutriti I of

67i1.? 5e) Ectaittoii, VII rih if was :zfer'aie'rly'l 'Pr Old Veen: "n'itg.hcald

• Va1rsea61: iliac"' of °M.:plit".-11rOthiel; exEIMPtesseco'u'ld"lid &it ad', at f 1361 nt I ng to the general lack of financial suppoltin:CiliVeh %%Ai 'etilabilitihiese associations to perform in a xigorous leadership, capacity.

srij neje to-t,q .:1 fit t ar,saolci ol 1 In' n!r°)Itririls:;&66WitraWoniheirntS;eistine44Ags Iatfill goigEe most

unn) 411 Pe? rod' beirReithrts5t ishI "Zalifich eiffikrigLAo,-dn' tin %lied 'gasper iTnintatTIOR n

•b i tatile adirdlelen a nlit berdtni 14) WS9 &ea tip Iva i s , the University of California. This is what Paul phnats,..,the dean

'it' 6 .0'f:reit% VnTa dn'TS) 1:erViliplftutitifigua3o,! 1iferp"ri13. fa eFe, the •29"aerinrclik'ri Ci.eberal roiVr;,9nis"611 rt her' TI-Afar:61,dleitbsi n the

and 'It ViiiSialn art I lia,rdilnarn'edept r - s ty of California endures the lotailVtlit(ill 4.31:cgt ati Wu/NI-at' 'Of any

•. comparable major state university in the country.. .Itx west low enough 1917 19N oriiiii:I6V6:21' 4'16 "eictteliihtondils° i'lltbrifd§e;se e6ine9rf rom state

5tht ," 'SVC, it 1 S59 a.i' I t p1i t raiceelthl half. n° ITOWPainciWri istYldiddhsla gi 'oil Venbiadit 'ar oCcit'st,ntortia.17rhEkain''from

W., rLutr—i:5;t1:71 6 M011 notV;30b6 Mayo • state money. • noilrour• fri3 );tr 9:; 5f.-,2:...b19 sw GM ana0V A .1,..eb:Jd 10' 3:18 ie'eanoth eir; Vit"kitiictAiro fart htertto. 1 etrswor? of

vektiVellont he! v1911- sterg:r, b &nick 1,9hteriAp1ck;6'istgr7tlian j tict kg bjkip1; h'f jWc.:S"rdi-S t n% signs

lalt atcjilseftips"ih'efrsahlW6ai.fteiu aletifiki tai,la• <4.if 119 ‘, Wry 177aj)lceib t IFecOgei'd 16 r; priji r I c.yt- ito‘ Fi rhe or . ‘tegrI• id icit5 aspect bf merdreliPiincil eartibatrio'nt 1.n life-1 I oangrn'Wtul-13.8 bDe'an'ttre'alk"te I i eves

olig•cfs.r.;' vylIrgt;,J oili IT-.Y -siipitg ' criztP -gt -N1, „ tf " J 1 ' i C. ' TI 1442 \ p; ' n 't -0 r j 4-••10-g i t,..g•-•7." ri

g .; -:.:• -• • t ' 7 .! . t.., , J .- 1 4. _u•- • a t ( .J r -(w.i. ,' ADULT EDUtATION1 TODAY:. ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND PROSPECTS , ,

e ( m. fi t 4: ‘ 40 1 4 H cle g - • , ••: ., ., 1 tw I •• ' 1) - -t ,4 t 7' , BY, -

, . . Glenn jenSon . , -

V••• t. a .• # ' .. 't •.: r . r ..- a *Lel! always ree1,1 little Ill at,ease talking to,e, group such as

, ks...0s4ilinted. heAsliecesserof yoUri?,Yoad and varied esporiences in adult education and yOdr knowledejo,of the field., in4oct many, of your members have and are Playing important leadership roles in the

; en Amrk of r the,Aduit,Education, rAssociation. Maurice 'dieting. is oC P .' . -g:,-- • - . , ..

pre-sently represeneipg,Regi.on Vtil op our Execuilve,Commiftee l Hayes

.tp Beali-was psrosident,pf Council of National Organizations for Adult i EducOtion'and elso'sered i on the Executive Committee.. ,George Corny

,is, Pr .-, ,.

„. esident. „,of,t e,Minnesoto,AEA.:,br. Alex Lpidlaw wrote a book -' fif.lsierily about :aligiht education, ' John Bigger of ONALapd othqrs of

you have been sirong 6d vigorouojeaders in odult, education notionally.

„” 1 4 , P . it, is, reessupipg to, me, hewover,-, to know thpti we,have many com-non*Oblems.leOme.ef,Wlitch i frret:iealized upon,seiving as education dirnotor and leter,presidept of pun C. U. Credit Union, board at the ijniVersity of} C'Plorpdo. i; reolizo, too, that at .sych a conference as this, I lsljeplonefit,more than ,you from our discussions- and ex-change.' . Senet6rl3aul ,bouglas .end1 4erry Voorhis with their excellent

.fl,„ -,,,

.... i presentationi fait niglit., ond the reports of the Corbs manager's, , - • ,4 , , . . iend ,prOof ,6u.mi,statemopt,„ „ ,

. n 11

' .II: 7 r2 .. . , ,.." • ...i ' '71 t . ' • -.0t .

I should like to present, With your permission, some of the „,c;,, _concerns-pfodultroducationcras I.see them, some,of the prominent

...happenings'orid some,of'the.things.We might expectl te,hOppen in the next.decado. if yosa wouldi like, we plight then open the meeting so that.Yeu may riise roda qUeetions or. add what.rmai have omitted. et t o • a . 4 ( , 4C % • , e . . • 4. , 1 S i 44 • •

' '4' L r •—li : I I • .-. L 7 g. . tWo

- .. vi •le ; og ' ")&rOadly,spookig„1„ epcountefiregulorly , mtln,concerhs'about

c a, n OiluTft, Alueatism_,Ipples. *Country. The 'first ii'hoeffiCient fifIances for a' dult prograMe ,and the:second'ie a aistortioh"or lack of o philosophY of adult oducetion. . :..4•.. .

d-onrg -4 c- ;1 gyi2nne-iJ 0- :0 , '7 ' , t. The first cOn5Orps4 demonstrated in, many states, but, toi il-

T,I i l*reke, leeo )q9k."4:George berny's state of MihrieSota and the ; m lcityketildothestpit,c trle tbout,S10000 per year Wai:being spent on

' 'adult education from a multi -Million dollar total‘pubiic school • budget. A young MD was elected to the board and raised the question

t,at_thek first meeting about why any mosey was being, appropriated for 1adult_ ededatien.: The board listened to this, and actUolly got con-, i ..,• 0 , .. , , . ,.•) . ,.-2 .. -

' aria corned about whether or not the' Should be doing. this. Is it,, they ,..„, said, right fol- schooidistrittiudds to be used to educate adults? , Isn't this reallY-for the kids? Isn't education really for the

Oildron?,_Tble.ioosprt. ofit,OPicel gndLof,theithingithot,hts

It was inevitable they should fall. Now whether the fall in the price of stocks will discourage investors, or whether it will hit the luxury trades as it did in 1929 and lead to a decrease in the number of estab-lishments on Park Avenue, is something alse again. But in itself, I would say the fall in the price of stocks does not indicate any economic weakening of the country. Probably in your purchase of inventories you should not indulge in frozen food speculation of the kind of the cooperative in the Ramapo Valley carried on. I think you should pro-bably be prudent in your accumulation of inventories, but there is no reason to panic.

Now I do have to get to a plane, and like all senators, I've talked excessively. I hope you will forgive me if 1 slip out. I'll say, in conclusion, in this mutual admiration society of Jerry. You must make this man take some vacation, you literally must do this. We want him for many years. He's given ten marvelous years in Congress, he's given fifteen marvelous years to the Cooperative movement and we want him for fifteen or twenty years more. He's killing himself in this work and it's a wastage of capital assets. Let me say this: I was once a humble contributing member of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. I used to givemy two dollars a year to help protect cats, dogs, and horses. I urge all cooperators to form a so-ciety for the protection of Jerry Voorhis--1 think you should lay the law down to him. Now having taken on the job of "Kid Atlas" myself, 1 am going to walk away. Good bye to Jerry and all of you.

N O c With the domestic -bUtitle )1; 1 Must*IredW the tsiilphu 'r Aridtistry for t l never have they tried to set- hlis to prepsureme," never 'has he teied to

raige, the subjecb in any.peribnaIlconversation. Well% We started with oil, then gas, then into su1phyrat3370. Everything, that comes out of

a---'the groUhd ,has a'aeOetiderallowancehatteOhed to 1.-t ,'Finally this r ellowanCe got down, 'under:thebeneficent infitience of Torn Conley, to

r oyster-thelis and•claoshells .as well-as sulphur. Then Casio an extra alloWance for sand andYgrevel... although the danger, of unsuccessful

-I drillings Tar sand and•graVeWwere relatlVdly.tligbt. In all, these depletion allowances take tig;ter-a"-erde cif.abbut'.$4 billion-a year.

A I , •

'We have triedtpeeledicall“otreddce these amounts--not to abolish them, just to reduce them. In 1951 we got nine votes, since then we ran

"the total Op, 'Id thrityteight-vdtat:I Bbt, I vary frapkA, say, I do not expect to tee the Corigregt Or the'tenate Pals. thia in" thergeedictable

• future becaute the oil, Oompenies-are the)business of'infloencing legislation. And they Will make'laegar boilteibutions to Campaign funds and:, 4n retdrni tie Op, the senatersiand congrestiiien These pressures are sb en'ormodt, that we need to-ereate cOuhterValling"poweri, and I have always felt that the consuMertI,CooperetIVenmovementlwas a Possible

cnucleut of such a MoVelent:. 11- • - E ••.; q L.' A - r r

, • I have been bitterly=ditappointed at- due fallure'6Pgrow as rapidly

*was 1 thInkIwe.should haVd,greWnrerIFOrtYlf4Ve pe; o yearsagol used to ' ba In on the early'conferences'whidhthelped to' set up the'Cooperative

-" League of the U.S.A. We chose•br! 'James' PI Wabasse who Was a philoso-. phical anarahist: tb' lead. it. Theldeeof CdoPerativeS as a substitute

,

a, t r • for organized government helped' to,gigethe Consumers Movement a black • eye fat years. But along With thi%-aerviCe tcrybur own Members, the

cooperative:moveMent can do a greattedeal"to•beig debate a greater degree of corterValliag power. irethe fieiddef quality, WhileyOu'can't take •

on 014.the'burdens of-the world-=thotigh :Jetty ttill triefloido it--you can help build'up.publie aentitherit. %And'l'personalliibeiteve this has

• to be.artibulated throUgh political aetion.; of tertainly'do'not favor • ' the Cooperative League goingtintb politictiuntil i“sOlVet•some of its

economic problems. But individual members oficooperatlijes7 I think, , are increasingly finding tha t, they cannot live isolated from the life aroUnd'ihemi;:lf we deuld'haVa.pattlistand politidal Werkers who would 'consider the general good as :theifleithary purpose andIbuttd:organized power along those lines, the'-whole'futUre might prove to be'much better.

u " 1"-

• • " 11 was toidlOamanted'to knew"temething about economic dutlook. ',(I am sure Your Oboperati,:ies .muat be prospering to be able to meet the

L7,1, Moraine Hotel accounta'which In .due doUrse Of time you will 'submit.) I would pOt'be aldrmed by,thecfall in the.OriCeof Stock. I think you aee suffidiently tophiticated-tO knOW that' whenlyou have the averaae

' prices twentrthteeto twenty,foUrtfthes'theearnings as they were • last December, that' is a ratio' that cannot be maintained. When you con-

sider that of thoSeIeeenings'alost-half are hot 'distributed but are . L " reinvested so that the ratio of-eesh dividends-=of capital value to

cash dividends--is something-like lorty-fiYe.to-oneyou can' see how t eXcessive the prices Of last December were. -They Were oftl.rif line.

ill rs.vOyiandoishf,byl iobbylistst&has beemcone,95:thAmost4ou1ndepressing .thkrigS-Piatilt havAa:oeyer,cWerianced. °At raises theAqmpst.ion, of course,

b, t9f,,t11,0 flegree tp,p4lAch,aAemocratic.governmept :pan- suryLveci0 z::;ron ird1 i Cj skr- 15 fu- Th i D r I, gL)

vfiro MY frlenddiryiKeppethAblbyaitibpublIshede bookka-favyears ago ex; 11eirlinUWhi.FOkargYe4101.029Yrr1sCcLetflmAn4 eYgl9Pirkg1co.Linterivalling

p9wers1 w1idivcheched andipffsat each.ptherkang,preYepted-ppyone power i0.2ft9T4Ous)ng, its,ppweri,L,Thisi was2 theJbenry-qf.Madisqn In: the tenth

,essayl of the.Federalistr. 10ne,ofthe a ntrgume s-which Madisentused for caaofederil[reppblic pf:thigteen)states.:-.ratherthan thirteen:separate states, he Called the play of different interests which would check

0 ,d, njeach_other., Anci of:qoursp,othie:was „true to a: certain degree. OGg rc-11 T4r:"1 104. A ir!41 itt .ri 14" tT (I

1 ob tvbE, 4tAs1true.that .the labor, movement:bap checked some of-,the abuses corporatjOhs., it,is -true *at the,organtzetioftof farmers

E io ittiP?r keci ,some 03:F6 tile! abuses,p.tythe- warehouse and- elevator people. 1/4,0 na;putp.theree ara,two,fle-Ostipwhigh. Wepdo not have adequatecounter-, -inP91Ya41.119 P9Werh...—Fi.rst!, thel&qnspmer does not have an adequate counter-

t yajljngrpowerriand,elt is possible-therefore for, sroups of producers 2 11 pko tal4"iip 1theqonsumersjboth on7qua1ltY and on price. The,poor con-

sumer is so unorganized, uninformedjand copfuseg that iit'Isjalmost Impossible to muster adequate support for his welfare. 1 have watched

ss epdphema helped tgaprotectAgonsgthersjor-a;goed, many-years.' We have an b..2„ lopportuAM now withr,thaRtcut6fijpTinterestgbill. ”It is alvery modest

,;111 1,-31 olji,4001 requlres:thOsei;whoispli;op_thealnstallment plan or who lend :, money kpersonal loans:At, tejltthe,buyers,epg borrowers thaltruth

:).011,72 nabout,the flnance.-.gharaggCthat7t4Yiw,11-1,heve,tq pay. The truth ex-„re ,,pressed irkthe.totaj/symiofowhatnthe fjpapca..charges wilt] be:in,dollars

• cepts andvaa.trug, aPP4I6raPo1 on theoutseapdipg.unpaid,balance wopid he_required.0:,Weshavaagains ,uslyirtualiy,every busjness or-

igc"ggnizetion,,eyery,retailjpg,organibation,.everylenging organization 3binithe:1415oiTbevonly strength welhaveAcomes,frOm_the;lun1ons iend from

- ,d irj PP0P,ratOr„ppftticularly thercredit upions.,-.0.;want to pay,great , tributercto the cregjitiypOnsjorther:helprithat theyihave giyen us in

3: „A thise,6att1e. fWerpoulgpltt-Mayergotteni:totjUrst,basejf it hag not been for-theigrelltallon4*1,,r ic.ub.viLni 3 . , wC.0-11MC; b:a. it'. if :x-r..i77.; civfon! i'l r z ,

H ug r:!, si,Ath§ other4leldninwhich:.theraverege Americappitizen is grossly b,,,--incfli-underrrepresented Asilpitheiffeid of taxation. YourAthink of ,the oil

oijindustry whicifv,paYs qnly iene-third the rate ofctaxation pf lother corporations--17% as compared to an average rate of 51%. On Corporation whickmsed to go around the the U.S.

el j Senate (It made .over-the coursp7of five,yeara over 05 million (.31.41Aniproflts),010 not...pay:A stngie cent 4n taxes. 'IndeegAit got' refund

UO,f )rik of $?45 .990 froth:the 11:S,Aovernment.1 Pr think of that man gown in Texas whoseildeptity,i suspect, but 'which will,-of course., not de-

," 12: vulge„.Who.had a trite; ipcomes?f,($13,millionIOver five ye s and who en? paid.a tot.alpof $00,000 ihtaxes, about,tWo thirds -of ope;percent.

pt;The,:otl'industry,takes theytaxpayers and Uncle -Sam for a ride Of well (1 rfiffoverza,billion_dollarsia year.-,01tAsljoined by theLsulphyrpindustry.

sonjs a,president..otope of theibig sulphur companiest but he is not „it Involved 1ip this. jtioL!..dpol4HIAthitho export,epd of the business; not

•

• I i `th s? I6t artiew iftmerelY ai -better metho& ofrcbl lect ing an 151 rn rexis ti fax.',,1 Vregret•Lto --stayithati lb•have tiath few letters- from

rhe 'Oh -the 'same. 111-S.-1 Diviidends!c•and Interest, are income whether s.•-;." crate-twee1h rthilior--'Wheither credit tci; "cep Eta trathount, ,Totir billion

on. i"'"", Of th fit iheofilextia6-'been----estep trig teakationkin,The past- partly hraii4h cigh.bra e portly rthrOugh.cdeliberat•e avast orr.•., The:community

2 7 eannbtf, in rpyludgmentpermibttfrirsKto ,cont4nue. :Jo 4: I ' L.iR 1154 if.03 t3i atT31

;111'. . I jAncittiee -hil sconteptiVreci thet-th is' ri sra talc onJprJitipaL. And " 41' 14' nieny' so:there- have viti fare? isayi rig feri example, 1!InhaVe' ;DOCI in a

' building end1-1 oari SOO Eat; cshauld wowLc:odd along Anthert ake r$200, -df this- Say, frbm MOP dou r nrtse, i 20% Torpthe..earrrings.

Lc ib-' 0644000 614% Intereiti•-t hat, ia" (not 4200. but: 204'kof 44+0 or 48 a year. *.1 NOW" :Want' Itti saYtthat- Ootherator&;1 "almost withoUt,texceptiorri, are

"anichgst: the ilioet.ipuhlic!c-spir ited of abl :1; The Atery..hat•ure :of. our -1 Corp-era-a via' ;organ-teat' oh -b'ompels us f-to"con's I de•m .public,LInteirest •

c.,11, .2 e. (r9er,L ..t1; , , s n EtJV

This- US' 'sett i4n many -1Ssues rUt rfasior .oftooperat Eves, It is only proper that the cooperatives should willingly accede to this

Ir's art -ridtoNI Of -od 1 teCtitito -Of the ibasii d tax. !•at:- thecspurce :by withholding 'd3 ;t:1 'end 'we intend to !Mike, IVIJUSt as -s imp le ‘..ss7, pos6013: ti.Sel :hope that

-cOciperato "it,/ il-h-notrgrunibilecat thirmanneer_ot. withholditt ,but will -é1 adly' athept le -as !One o.f the.--duties, -and:-:responsi bill itieS -ot society.

tr.; fa'cethatt- ;the bati C:ifp riiticlp I es: of. --cooperatiyes:4411•-now. be recor iris-the 'Teti Ts; Of' More than- :incidental -Importance. ;1•4t :will no

“ 371" '; ',1011gee1bd tptislib .ti for 'the-, Nati onaliftax Equitity •-Associat ipntto try 7g " .'to lis-represent"the''slittiation and.'delude the-American- peop.16.-,

'n W t cri .iluer." -14., 4 01,1 .4- 7'1=

" 1" ri' M-1 n it': le/renftalkinglrabbut -ourfriends;:themutuals,Aoth -mutual 6 cob 'loser/ nts' institutiOnt' and mutual Insurarice,'groups,....may;..1' say that many f Z riof them have, been gettinqyaWarwith tintirden49 tf -you • take, the- mutual

Savings- ithit;leuticins;buk1ding and-"loan idasi3oi at tens and 'mutual a i-hjbènkt ; *Ai 'that their. •earnings after. payment of In-

!r& (threat. 13se-year tO • $900 -ml on; dollars,. .Daryourithow how el"lr Muth "tages- th'ejf , paid a -t they-Federal 26vernment? -rThey paid -$9. mill ion

or Ohe Oereentv certainlyiWould bot •tr'eat them ask-profit making ; r.1 It corporatiOns. I have defendedothem -on this principle. We- worked out 1c) a Conlon:311115e in Which they will -pay approximately $200 million dollars

I i year'141 taxes which is, V think, a -fairly good compromise between the corporate rate and the present unjust protect ion which _they set. And I may say that the mutual insurance companies have also been getting

r0t3 away' With murder, 'I nc dent ably f' It is always a ri ice quest ion—How ;J mutual-' a mutual? I has ten- 'toLiay. I am not 'speaking -of Mat onw i de

• h' :which 1 icthe best- of the mutuals, it is very ethical. But there is one Mutual in whiah the board of cdlirectors is composed !almost entirely

•-; -Of MernberS -of one family:: Thise family has, a- separate iderporat ion which crAif Ihz ha S • i •thenagemerit ,thnt ract and.' iS making enorrifous.'sunis-rot :mohair out of

•'' ' the' niutual Es' not d istributedlte the pdllicrhoiders.• There are p-nV all: -kinds of 'abuses in many •Of the-mutuals andlin-thet,th7cal led lending

' 1 ' as well. 'These situatiOns need to be exposeCand -remedied. The • 24xrrer fence -that 4 ,•ha‘ie gone 'through in sterling ito &A'h ,coht i nuous

4 I-3 "1-battery -of Spec! lilstS Ineuding beJ-n tcallethUpon ,at all :hours of the •- •- 1.. ".; “ . A A Ai tus/ t 3 il 3 c tia 11.1 }

'V J tO .Z ii b cc! .;•., 1 c3 i1 -

s'ome cooperators ,have-not: wanted; to have this tax at all. '21n-my judgment this would be, unfair-and we --.are: treating this as parallel to the' profits ef.scorporations prior to declaration of dividends on

ck, therefore: 'making it, subject to -the corporate .tax, 30% on the first ..$25,000 and 52%(on: the'-amounts above $25,..000, j .don't imagine

• many +Cooperat ives\with,the "exception \of Berkeley, ! Hyde Park: and a few other consumerscorppe, would -be .in:Lthat, category. Now, ti-think this is sound. It means that the basic contention of the National Tax ,Equal •Associet has: been rejected In return; for this, I think that rEt Is only proper; that! the cooperatives should accept: the with-

. : 'holding-of- dividends and interests, and the collection of these sums • iatthe source.," I think; it is, true that these sums,- in general, tend

to be so small thate-rwhen they are paid -to the recipients or credited tp. the account +Of the recipienti the recipients qui tej often, forget to

r include them on their 'income tax returns.., And in ;effect, -therefore, . individuals :escape taxation., Now, this 'is nottunicpe in the case of

cooperatives. There is a tremendous wastage so far as tax revenues are .- v. concerned In ..the whole field- of -dividends: and, interest.

Vt! I ! .* 4 • r TWenty year ago, and !I. think, Jerry, youswere in. ,Congress at

'a the !tire, Ccingress. passed a new tax\ law which -provided for the • holding of the: basic rincome -tax, of 20%, on wages: and saleriesj. This

. • has been In operation, for twenty -years and rworked extremely well--everybody accepts It now. - Bur this! was -not applied to, dividends and

I 1 interest., "Ever J Since then dividends- and interests have continued as . they had previously continued., 'declared by the -recipients. Taxes unpaid

on. :the amounts. --declared, subject :to pops-kble prosecution- for fraud if Improperly reported. And the result is, that while only two or three percent Wagarend salaries,'escape f taxation'? -enormous emounts of d iv i -

• .dends and .interest, during, last Ireer..., approximately four billion dollars ' were neVer declared,o_and escaped7taxatipn,._ This means that the federal

government lost a bi 11 ion ,dollars .a, Year through fai lure to declare dividends' and interest:, Now „this bi tars. a year means that

. '1/4 the burden throWneupon those who do pay their taxes - is correspondingly heaVier... Therefore, I have believed ,evqr 'since I went to the Senate and began to study this matter that ,we .shquid have uniformity of treat-

)* ment fhp.xecipicints of.dividends. and _interests: should have with-hdVdiii; led, 'to .thety income ,at the'squrce, rjor.t_ 'es, recipients of Wages arid sal ix les 410.1 Thisls: in the bill ti.at has come over to us from the House:: , •

- 7. 7 4 I d

• This bun has: aroused the greatest st-crig of mail ,in opposition that al have received An- my some- fourteen ye.:aris in the Senate. One day

reeeived:5„000 letters from Illinois prptestino against this method. • In all, we received :about 70,000 letters... I 'have, replied to date to

over 50,000 of them. .don't mean to say! I have written these letters - 'out long-hand;. This, mail has been stirreci up by the -building and loan

associations with, whom I have always been. very friendly because I be-lieve in the Principle of mutuality-If it is real mutuality. Along the Atlanti:c•Seabcard„the. mutual, savings:banks have circulated the most

• fantaStic ral scencept tons .of what this bill ,could do. The _first mi s-concept i on, :which accounts for up!to one-half of all the letters, is the belief that this Is a new tax, that this Is an attempt -by the Federal government to levy a tax which hitherto did not exist. Of course,

surprising about Jerry because, as Jerry has said, I have known him almost thirty years and my wife, who preceded me in Congress, served during the last two years that Jerry served—'44 to '46. We came to know.Tandjovei,Jerrylvery muchoic:Newspeper;,reporters7stc!Iednput, laughing at Jerry because he took the world so seriously. On every issue Jerry would take the public point of,„„yiew and the newspapermen, who'are' the most cynical, clisiliesioned,,gro.uprl esedto call Jerry "Kid Atlas," but they wound up with enoi-mous respect for him and great admiration if you

?um c E can ,getn respect ,vedmiletj on, and Affect lOry from a, group- of newspaper reporter yodre g.9J rig, some, The .reporters' own. ideals get crushed

.: fl, put, of them. very_ eerly.,-1 , 44 ; •

r"1 g cdS 1 )tj f j " c

..,.' r In politics .you,have some strange .experiencest,and you-,meet all 51/ okinds of, people.h , hoften say that there arepnlyi twp, saints that I ':;fri

E. have, ever met in,palitics4 My profession does not 'breed, saints. One , of them (is Jerry.; thevotheri one ip Frank. Graham of North They both.- are authenticisaints.t ,Now Jerry, got elected five times and

0 4.7,41 R Frank wasineverrejectea, .,,H.e“gas ,appeinted to theiSenite and_then was ,defeated: r- Jerry had ;the sturdy' quail t es of survival ,and he w9u1d

,) have been here ypi,, and youoqouldn't .have. had his services„,if 1.t hadn't been_for the. soaroityi of porkchaps in, 194 and„ the fact-that he was up against one of the dirtiest, rottenest campaignersain the' history -of the U.S. and I mean Just that. If you want his name, his name is

--31 Richard M.-vNixan..j Andithat-is not. awassingi statement.. 1. had another r, • ,. sa int whposorked with; me for fourte,en;Years-,..pb; isynot Doug Anderson.

minister but. not a sAint,. *ti tled; g saint, ty, the neme jof "Frank McCulloch, ,He was:, myiadministretlye, assistant;. Biiti, protected

r. • , ji; am...a rough ansktumble,felthlow. ,Eyery, spirit-aught to .haVe a ekc. t rough and,ltumbje ,man „to. O.( the dirty work anal to protect I suppose

nr..4z that! what rJerrymeant, when.. he said.you.0., ,100d: bpve-., en; efficient manager - and, .an. idealist! c educetjapi ai ?eater as well.ik " ,

tt Lt!i. C t i n' • t" +,. , We.11.,-Jetc,me say! that, 1,j think -, that, as,,t91th1s ,tax hill that we

have been working Apr-sat:far As; cooperaters- ere:4conc,erne'd—we have come to some:pretty, sound. conclusions-. ,_We,heye„prhetty,.welei gotten. rid of

i..uf-ri-the false propos4.....of,the,NationaLtsx Equeltity;Asiooi at ion. ,In most , -4, 0f-the countriel where, coOp_eratlyes have f 1 ou r.1 sheaf • „t he; private in-

oc], tereSts;h.ave,been determined to, tax the Aernings of„the cooperatives as jni corporate, profits; .010 tn-fthi s4,country,w9.uld mean 52%,, and- then to

f tax-, the patronage refunds as income. :;1%.10W, of; cou'rse, we have, ma i n-i tlinad2that the cooperative ts not e;.P.ro,f it7maktingi body but .11. a body 1-which- realizes,economies,through .j9int- Affarts, and that the, dividends paidutei individuals ishould ; be., taxedjas;:income, to the 4rec1st1ent. Now

has-,been: establ 'shed PresePtc,drefP 9,f, :the tex--. 1aw.e; I think.the 4enatei understands: I t.. I think I i,:he outbid:Ito. effect , and the same thing holds, of course, not merelY,for thA oeshdistr.i.betion of the patronage dividend but for the amount of the patronage dividend rein-

,vr ....vested bur;credi ted > to, the-, account ,0f1 inaiy iliqe) sr, This: lso is income w . cftd the., indlviduali‘though not immediately received:0c- ca,Sh..1;,,,It is an

nil thcre'aiei in:capital, assets., and r t.should,,be texed. to; Om:individual and this is., going to_The. d9nesi And then, there! are these.t,-elinyested earnings

ri ;that credited to- the accpunto,f-anyjnclividual.ion 2! 1,1c,) n tieio r' lcrrti

4.2CAR

C I COOPERATIVES AND OUR NATIONAL ECONOMIC PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS f • I

, By

Senator Paul H. Douglas 2 2.2 I . c.

' Friends and fellow cooperators; it it-veryinspiring to see so many of you here tonight. 1 only wish that I might stay longer to hear the reports on the other cooperatives. I hive known that the Berkeley co-operative was larger than our Hyde Park cooperative and I was very much interested in' theft report. We started Our ceoperative ih 1933. My wife was tbe'nbmber two memberpl was number three. And detpite the

'fact that we thbught we knew all the Rochdale principles, we had a ' very peculiar initial board -which prbmptlyproceeded to make all the

possible and impossible mistakes under the Sun. But somehow we sur-vived these mistakes and in these last ten years"or- fifteen years since

;the war we have done pretty well, too, largely due to Walker Sandbach • who will make his report later. While we do not have as ample a com-

munity as Berkeley' to draw upon, we hope2to tread close upon its heels in due time". A A 4

•

for-the last two months, as almember of the Senate Finance Com-mittee:I have been wrestling with some Of the problemt, of taxation in which our movement is involved and Others. One- of:the discouraging 'features of these hearings; in wh1bh2 we listened to the testimony of ,200 witnesses and received 300 statementt,' Was the way in which, with 'rare exceptions, the Withestis testified for their Ownispecial interests, generally to the effeCt that they should notpayany,more taxes than they are now paying and that, lUanything, their taxes should be reduced. The tax structure, of course, of this country is chock full of injustices, inequities, and inequalities. i believe in the prbreisive system of taxation that the rate of taxation shOuld increaseeas income increases. Although advocates of a proportional system believe.that rates should be the same as income,, I suspect Barry Goldwater holds that it should regress; With the rate diminiShing as income increases. Whatever one of these three theories one embraces, I think everyone would agree that people with equal incodes ought to pay equal taxes. But this principle Is vicilated left and right in ours tax system. Thitls largely because the special interests,demand favors for‘themselves, and their pressure

2 Is such that they get' these favors written into the tax laws. The general interest is so diffused, so uninformed that it. is unable to re-sist these. special favort. The public generally is ignorant of these prepsuret and,2 to the degree that they do know what is happening, are

2powerlett to prevent' it.

• Now' there were only two witnesses out of these: 200 who showed any concern for"the general public. l'am very happy tb Say that one of them was our beloved Jerry Voorhis. The other one was the head of the Franklin Savings Bank of Minneola, Long Island, which, incidentally, is doing very well with assets of a billion dollar's: These were the only two people who shmmedany concern about the general interest. Now it is not

INTRODUCTION OF SENATOR DOUGLAS BY JERRY VOORHIS

14'

For a good many years my wife and 1 and our associates conducted a school for boys in California. Many memories cluster around that school. None is more vivid In my mind, and none that I cherish more earnestly than a visit that was paid to us--and the discussion that we had around the luncheon table in the California sunshine--with the man who will speak to us as soon as I give him a chance. 1 remember the things we discussed and I remember what a real inspiration he was to us at that time.

Our speaker was born in Salem, Massachusetts. If any of you have been to Salem, especially in the wintertime, you know that when one is born there he learns at an early age to face norleasters with-out being afraid. By profession I think he is a teacher. I hope so, because I have been a teacher and I would consider it an honor to be-long to that group with him. He began as an economics instructor at the University of Illinois in 1916. For 19 years he was a professor at the University of Chicago. He helped design the social security legislation that was passed in the early years of the New Deal. He entered as a private in the U.S. Marine Corps in the year 1943, was decorated, had a hero's record, and was discharged as a lieutenant colonel.

In 1948 he was elected U.S. Senator from Illinois. He did me the great honor of asking to have a visit after that election. That was only two years after I had been defeated for re-election to the House of Representatives and I don't think the Senator realized how much that did for my ego. I remember that he asked me on that occasion, "Do you think it's necessary for a liberal also be a spendthrift?" I said I didn't think it was.

Ever since 1948 Senator Douglas has been to my mind the conscience of the U.S. Senate. He has been re-elected twice in the state of Illinois and can be re-elected as long as he is willing to run. And this is true, I hope, because he comes closer than any other member of the U.S. Senate that I know of to representing the interests of the whole American people and not simply his own state. He is the author of many books, many bills. I'll mention only three because they are typical: A book on Ethics in Government, a bill on truth-in-lending with which I am sure you are all familiar, and third, the food and fibre bill which if enacted, would give to cooperatives the best chance they ever had for deimlopment in this country. He is a charter member of the Hyde Park Cooperative Society. It gives me great honor, greater honor than I can put into words, to be able to introduce to you the senior Senator from Illinois, the Honorable Paul H. Douglas.

' 1960---University of Manitoba, -Winnipeg, Manitoba !959---Continujng Education Center,, East Lansing, Michigan * '1958-'-‘Cent ifuling'sEdiaCaticiti•CentatI ' Eat Lansing, Michigan *

COThinbuS, 41) 11 ;

9561. - 11UnlydrSity of Saskatcheaan; Sesktoott, Saskatchewan 1955-"lowa„ Stat&Uhilvarsay, Marnerialrilini.bn,:-Anies; Iowa

Edithat on Center; UniVeriity of Minnesota, Minneapolis,%

1953--take FereitiCtil lege, Lake Forest, Illinois 1952---University of Minnesota, Duluth Branch, Duluth, Minn. ; :3 no t 1:1:111;:ni fru ;1 s , r1.1 .11'o r,r; o1:1 tit Iwo

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INTRODUCTION -it 1 , •

• rrItr111-* knowenq safe depositnry 9f the ultimate powers of

society but the peoples themselves; but, If we think; r them. not enlightened enough to exercise their-control

with a,wholesome discretion, tha remedy is not to • -Jake it from them, but to inform their discretion by

education." . t 1' r-.Thomas Jefferson

t • One of the goals of the Eleventh Annual Institute on Cooperative

Education was to enable every participant not only to learn from other participants but to provide information from his or her work experience that would be helpful to others. To a large extent, this goal was realized. An immense amount of how-to-do-it information was exchanged. Only time limitations stood in the way of the full goal.

Educational work now being done in most types of cooperatives is more varied and effective than many people realize. Membership education, di-rector and employee training--es well as work with schools and community groups--have indispensable roles in the on-going work of many cooperatives. A substantial portion of this volume is devoted to descriptions of signi-ficant educational programs.

This institute will be remembered also for the addresses given by Senator Paul H. Douglas, Dr. Glenn Jensen, Jerry Voorhis and Dean George Watson. Plans for managers and education directors to hold some joint ses-sions--originally proposed in the 1960 managers' conference--were carried out to the mutual advantage of all concerned. With both groups meetings in Highland Park's Hotel Moraine on the same dates, the three joint sessions were climaxed with a day devoted to "How to Get and Keep Member Partici-pation" under the leadership of Art Danforth.

The visits to the Hyde Park Cooperative Society's large and attractive shopping center and to the offices of The Cooperative League both made worthwhile additions to the program.

The presentations and discussions devoted to member education—and related to the League Member Education Manual--and to the educational use of communications media placed before the institute an abundance of practical ideas as well as more information about ways to implement these ideas.

The long-established arrangement for joint sponsorship, planning and participation again improved the value of the institute for all who were a part of it. The Cooperative Union of Canada and The Cooperative League of the U.S.A. have worked together as co-sponsors of the institute for many years.

**tad&

PREVIOUS INSTITUTES

1961---Wisconsin Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisc.

9

the oioli'ploneered;in-treatirig ;the kiricLof •patterri that made it -"possible toLhave ,a;treatiVe integrated community.: Theiothermerchants

• -t i were afraid tofclo tee "TheyThad-ne ideology to support:them En taking an 'action of thts.-eort: They had all of the stereo-type fears- -that they ,would- icis,e their customers and their other employees: The co-op broke the ice.i (Nothing happened, ,and the community followed. The-co-op was a imajorbfactor lin shaping the kind of shopping center Hyde,Park would

"vo r, hayed And thisqs important to me at least, because it represents what 2r1 )e)r can-betaccompitshedzby, a corporateect of wilt on the part of a group

, Of ineighbors working ;together in a community. where•the common slogan is "You .cant. beatt.city hall.": cAfter.it was pretty clear that -we were going to have. arrairb'an.renewal program in Hyde Park„ with a new suburban type shopping center with a large parking lot, the first experiment of this

st, 1 n2sort: in -thernid,dle Tot abuitlit -"up ccommunity where 'you weren't just bull- J-24

'.dozing everything' .8nd...starting bver, but you were 'keepi:ng :Most of the :.: present bUi !dings and most of the; people would stay„ a icy; t 14 L,i1 I • e

fir . When it first became -clear that this was going to be done, it also :became:clear-to WS that the machinery of the urban renewal program wou ld result iin, they:offering of the' cleared land to the. developer

, offered the:best development propoSal . In terms of its bas td economics and: its, arciatecturaticappeal„ the developers who wergaikely to succeed

3-7 In a. tompetitten.of this sort Were almost certain to want .to ,bring in Krogeror ASP :or somebody else In that shopping center. Ancbtso we said--

t.'" it .h and I pan testify frog-direct experience as a member :of- the board at the time--we must become the most, influential, the most :powerful, the biggest business enterprise in this community if we want to Insure that

u i itwe can- Insist on, a plate In ^the new. shopping -center with- a developer .7 4.. V?, who doesn't really want us-there. So we took the riskAof making an in-

terim expansion against the .advice of all the businestnen onlbur board, - as Walker Sandbach well remembers.

It •

e, We. succeeded. We became so big that, we were able to- dictate the terms on which we would enter the shopping center. We didn't-say it

F.y- Tf.t this bluntly at'the time it occurred, but' this in effect is-what hap-peneth ,And when I.say we Lam talking about thousands of families

.. in our communi ty-i : of course, mot about a small pi ique, that' imposed LEt uri Its:mill on theicommunity. 1 •

r r tl L.,

Here is the ideal vehicle, in my judgment, for the development and .1-“*mai nt'ainericeof. democrat it. cit izenshiojin: a sod ettwhere the political

parties byl tradit tonere' all too eas i ly. corrupted. I fon one., as a ! political. sc:i entist, I am deeply grateful that the ingenuity:Pif ,success ive

":“:d generations ofJcoOperators has perfected an- instrument Of this sort. As. L.:See, our political this countryylt tis by no means as secure as we would like to-think( Et lea-. The-Inseduritrisinot so much the

tethreat of,conimunistitotalitarlanism from•withino. It is notreven the ...threat.Of rightist total itari ant sm .under the guise Of anticommuni sm.

c` i It's the threat of-lack of tcondernrforlself-gov,ernment—end I .am in :To 1- danger:of trepmsingione.my speech about what's wrong :with the schools--

, but_just let Me say that F think:we have been educating in the U.S. .-,several generationsq.of :young people who -think idemocracy is a feather

bed to lie on instead of a battle to be fought, that tilt is a ;system

- 't h see two values-which:the co-Op has‘prtiviciad for its members -and- for the community -at a :whole. The first, as'a political" scientist, L put in terms of training for citizenship; There,just aren't very many good training grounds, for effective democratid Ettizenship in our soaiety today, -The -schools for the most pert don't de it, (That's another speech which- I. have made- on a good many number of occasions.) 1 don't think churches ane doing it. Unions are not doing it very well, although wine of them aretaking a good try. at it.1 The Various community aounciils and businessmen's astoataticins-and so On are doing practically nothing; Thenolitical parties do a-very limited and specialized job .and often want to keep outsiders from getting trained in the skill's of citizenthip while- they train,their own ranks.

p. - We. don't have enough people in-our society who know how -to take

hold of a situation, who know how to reconcile. conflict, who' even know how to preside at 'a nesting without, on the, one 'hand:, letting, it col-lapse into chaos andi on the other hand, being ruled by the rigid framework of Ro rt's.ruies.of order. I dbn't know abetter school for the -skills of rteetIve community living;in,an -American society than work- in a cd-or. A -could develop this—but I am :sure the eudcat ion directors, don't reed It and maybe the managers don't either. But be-yond this, I am ta4hine. ebeut the. kind of community you get when you have .people who-hevethts experience, this skill. And the cOncern that gOes with a -devotion to the ideals of consumer cooperation, because theseideals,are red l as Jerry said. This. is theHassing element in the

' balance of political forces in our society. s 6

%The-producertnterestsgeng.upandWanceone anotheraff in -,

-somewhat the same way that the Europeampowarstbelenced One another off in the 19th century. They do it atathe,exbonseraf the weak area which is the consumers. Only through a strong, alfective conabmer-oriented organization, can we have any hope of insu-ing simple business honesty at the: cash register,- for inatance. A knew that.a:mery large number of the' members of the Hyde Park Cooper-ative Society, are impolted to shortuere at least in part by the fast that theycknomno ones is going deliberately to shortchange. them as a- matter! of store policy.. They can't have this assurance; in the competing store% Ein the community. And it's the same with regard to short weight, with, regard to the handling of meat and a good many other things.

• ,71ifiL • if

Beyond this I wasigoing to develop some. of the broad, global, possibilities because this is something with which l'have a grave con-cerm,-but 1 -don't need to tonight. What' i.do want. to:point to is the fact that a co-op organized, staffed and motivated by people of this sort can be a powerful force in Its own community, even though the con-sumer interest in the naticin as a whole mayenot yet be adequately re-presented by a.fragmentary movement. in HydeiPark forsinstance, the co-op store pioneered in the-pattern of hiring on merit without reference to racial background; It was the -first store in the -community to do so, although the community was dready in a positton -where4it had either to integrate or to change..'Onear the other. It either would cease to be a white community and; become a Negro community. or it, would become an integrated community. ,

. • ir WA e (. 1 i 7: 7,5 \: tt,has seemed to me, as hevethought..,ebout this,problem as as

1. . j. ha*facednit in a large urban cooperative sWermarkettithet, in many u respects,, it is not, easyttodistInguish the coop from the-supermarkets

I run by.the,chainsp- s pface,the question,Mbat good is,a,c9,7o0 I „ -come 1)04 very much to,the,lkind. of,thing dp focquevillevwes talking about.

a ) , 2 „ L “ A co-op, is good-pot because it ilowers pricesjo the consumer (and

I am talking in this limited context now of the kind o1 co-op to which I belong). We may not be able to beat the market, to undersell ASP enditrogeriend,whoever else.. „ye wapt-to keep trylng and,maybe with our patroPage,reftipd We,cin 00 it. a 111tt1e.. But the-problem,of scale works against,us. Let me.give you a little parallel, example in my Cwnpersonelo,historyiagain,! :About the same time we joined:the Hyde Park co-op we jOined the Friends Meting In the same commuptty... These have been the twoomostlimportant organizational centers of cyrjemily life. At that time-therewere, 'three Friends,meetings in the Chicago area, and

-21 aseneary, as I can, judge, a, dozen ,to fifteen cooperetiVe societies n; operating. grocery sOres:. T00,ey there ,pre six Friendimeetings in the i3,,greater-Chlgego, area, and ,t.harevis one cooperative society, operating a

I groceryltorer, dTh(s jq,cluita achange. Now,ectually there is; some falsification here because there is probably as large an increase in

0 ; :flys the number ofcooperative-members, as there 'has been lin; the number of ryri. cluakersp-4 But ,fn cooperative societiestherehas been. decline and the

_decline as far as I can see Is very directly the. result-ofz failure *meet the problem of scale. , „ it,' i

ni hi* 4 •-”, t ' -4; f " r. s, 1 1,1 (1, , :pip-.urbpn,coppqratiyesropery,stprp thet,hgve succeeded4;in the

. • in recent years are the ones ,that got big enough • quick enough, - ifter.the warp .And in Chicago, Hyde Park wap tshe;pnly. "one that made

e l , Ittrsuccessfyily, This As,partly,becauset of the,luck,of,good,menagement, , pert-W.3h, bed luck of others,. ,Wp are not,ajone, in -this,, although we

imay:be extreme. (.14e,eren't going, to be able-to. lic,k this,problem of „ y scale alonelsol thet We can do,g sufficleptiyr be'tter job of merchandising „tiejustify our existence on this ground. Maybpxhe pioneers, 9f Toad

Lane could in their.dey with the kind of merchandising they faced. I q t don'ttbink, we, can do it, „We.have to,seyye,other ivejues which, are not

unrelated for us in our situation.

1 'L , that .the comment-I .hedi beard frommany people is that

• u co-op§,,heve succeeded In,placep- Like kyde,Park and Berkeley where there ,4 i As, a upiyersity commynity with a, lot of- highly peich,liberei eggheads

rwith timcLon their,hendsp ,Bince !,have jved. ing the-Hyde „perk ,munity forjlosi, of the-lest twenty-five years, I eaconvinced-that the FicO-op. has done es,much. to, 01 e thecommunity as the community has done _Act shape.the co-op. I think H ews had not hed-an'organization- like the - Hyde Park Cooperative, Bociety in our Community,we would not haye-suc-6iin

cessfully.avoided becoming a:flOp. rWe would not have, successfully Undertakemthe firStjergeiscele urban renewal program based,on the •

I, 4 principle,of removing-:only the deteriorated buildings and rebuilding only is Much,as necesSary, retaining the,qualtty,of the.community while doing sp.a, This has been an extremely tough problem for usOn the coma munity and I 'don't think that w!Oput the.cooperatpmsocipty this community could ever have done it.

indiscriminately as accomplishing the same kind of results. And this is gefectly natural becausethe business corporation as we know it was in i s tnfancy in that day.- It was a'voluntary association in the sense that he was talking about. The people of a commUnity felt, the need

ifto'heve a local railroad and they would in fact band together and raise the necessary revenueand provide the land and edmehow-or other get the equipment and build a local railroad as a voluntary local self-heip'project. Many communities in the U.S. have had this kind of experience.

However, the business corporation, the volUneary,* limited liability joint stock company; has evolved into something 'quits different. Even though cooperatives in general have a formal corpora° form, you understand I am talking about something else now whichwe all recog-nize: Among other things* professors 'in the 1930's brought me up on Berle and Means The Modern Corporation and Private Progeny, which is one ofthe most telling indictments of the businesscoeporation ever penned -by a sympathetic critic. The business theporation we are talk-ing about has come to be the dominant 'form of business activity in -the. U.S. and in the western woeld. It is one of the major competitors for the organization, of economic' life in the underdeveloped areas.

:

4 1 hed the' good fortune last summer to spend a considerable time in Afritac"i Was extremely well briefed beforehand by a brilliant group of Afritanists we have on'our faculty. There was' only one thing in Africa that really startled me and this was the fact that it is a modern continent. In the three countries I visited, all British in theie Celonial background, the citiej could have beereMistaken for Wichita, Kansas, except there weren't any old buildings:Or maybe they looked more like one of the modern cities of Oklahoma with' 'lots of skyscrapers. There were good roads running off. into all pens of the CountrY: The automobiles on the roads were owned by Africans as well as by'EUropeans. There were automobile graveyards 4n all the small towns. The blessings,of western civilization were being spread very rapidly and, in considerable measure, they are being spread by the business corporation as we know it In the W.S. GdVernMent enterprise is an important competitor. Cd-ops in some places are at 'least in the running. •

' The business corpOratiOn in the U.S. has become,'soier, the domi-nant pattern of economic'enterprise that' it is bard for most of us, even cooperators, not to take it for granted'when.We think about the ecenemy.. And in becoming 'thi's the business corporatidn- hae become national. It has also become internatienal, but that is outside of what l 'sam saying, for the moment. It has Ceased to perfdrm this function of being a middle term. The corporate socisty of bus(ness has become as big as government.' it is not something which takes care .

'of local problems in general. It is something-which is too big to concern itself,with the local community as a basis or''organization and deals instead with the local community-as a market, as a Casual location for productive enterprise with the selection based on ob-jective factors of location, availability,of transportation, water, raw materials and what have you. J

people with lots of time on their hands because they have easy jobs who therefore can provide the necessary manpower to make a voluntary organi-zation,,succeed.A-Andj :suspect-there4s1 a. good - deal :of truth, in this, although it doesn't explain, of course, the very great success of dif-ferent kinds of co-ops in very \different kinds of communities which Jerry Voorhis--and I agree with him, entirely--wants to preserve as a part of the American way of life. I have to restrict my comments to urban grocery co-ppsUrk,the midewesti because theseheve beenvmy experience.

' -; 4 1 , • , ,! I, think,.! would ;Ike to-,go back. to' take my; textgrOm a brilliant

4 young ,Frenchman who visited. the U.S. a. few years beforethe!Hochdale *-meet's created the!p soRiety.anci. who pubtiAhed: in 1840 the, sepon0 volume ,of his .renowned. work, Democracy in America, I thinkm& ail Know that /0exis d Tocquevilte dsaid Americans are joiners, 'If two or three Ameri-Carts get tOgether“lnAAroom the)ftrst,thing-they1H0o: ls-orgapj„;& a society. We may not remember the context in which he made this kind of statement and - I think*. Is ImPortent for us and ;for the,,co,op movement in general.

rrHe wes.discpssing.the;differences between democracy. and,the-KInd of mon-arcbicalv pristocraticsociety from which Me had coMek, And he said the

o main differenceils that in &democracy there iS7 no middle term( , You do haVe,a nationel,government, as you have a national government in a mon-jarchs. you have thel people_as you:have-the peOple,in a monarchy, but, „ wiiiareai between. the king or emperor.and. his, aovernment And the people, in

„that system youll'ave-an aristocracy., *A is lacking in. America. The • aristocracy, he eaid„-performs the job of doing necessary things on a

11 1 --At . ' t - • fl Van ir< This, we yememberols-;one of the.important qualities ofpfeudelism. ppopl with laadershlpjbased in each.f lopal community were one of the factors that made, that stern endure as it ()Ad. ,This quality of leader-shipt c:erried on longer,in France than almost anywhere. wasone of

10.7 Lihe thjngs that, of ccurse,l impressed de Tocquevilleli Thattis,-if a bridge needed,bpAidimgracrosstIthe slyer, Jf.a.chgrch. needed toybe built, U there .ware a problem of_famine in a, particutar locality„ 4f any kind

1 pof,specieldloCal difficulty,aroseithere was,leedership,,the aristocracy, L. 1.1 f tP4ake over the,probjem. and solve It. dut,in-la democracy,there Is no c loneto,play,this role,r'And.he, wenton tor,say, this is what, in America,

the YOuntaryressociations providelthe middle term. ,They take care of the problems that are too great. for the_indivIdoet,but too local for the government to deaf With.

4 thiCc! ...1 A . • 1 flil 1.Tori r a4 1 !) • I _ Let me read,you one of the commentChe-makes so that you-can get - ,

some of the: flavor of what. he ha ci to ,say about thisheAs soonuas several of .the inhabitantsof the H.S,_ have takenup en,optnion .or a feeling , . • • which they wish to promote in the world, they,tooK outtfor mutual assis-tance and as soon as they found one another out they combine. From that.moment,theyflare np-longertisolated,b4 a...power seen from Afar,

r;whose,act1ons serve tfor, an,example.and. whose lenguagqiiplistened to." " #4 ! D: Tr2 —4. 4

- Now one of the interesting things about this Isithat_delocqueville b ,t jnede no disytincOonbetweep the bilsineka •torporattqn, other kinds of.

'voluntAry associations, He lumps them all together, talks about them

COOPERATIVES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF DEgOCRATIC CITIZENSHIP

By George Watson

4

I think perhaps fat= the first time 16-my1ife I might have a little sympathy for Jerry Voorhis' politicai%opponentst When a man has said everything there Is to say--as he juit has--and aaid it so well and Compactly, what is?there leftl .1 suppose, on the other hand, there is left the freedom to be irreaponsible, to skitter-around among lcleasWithout the necessity to organize them because the organi-zation has already been drovided. So I am starting with- a little autobiographical comment on the cooperative movement.

went to college in the 1930's and was indoctrinated with co-operatives by my professors in the custom Of the day. When I came to Chicago, as a graduate student, married, one-of the first things my wife and I did was to join the little struggling Co-op. •Then we left acouple of years later, and took a jcila in a small college com-mbnity. We,of course, joined the co-op there. 'This was one of those stores where 'the idealist professors on the faculty had set up a co-bp but their wives Preferred to shop it Krogerst It was a Struggle. I, a struggling co-op, if you're not brushing the spdcks oft the lettuce, you are doing something else. So I was made treasurer, since I had had a course in accounting. I served as treasurer of this co-op' for a couple of years. After we left to go to another community this co-op collapsed. We returned to ChicagO and I as 'for a short time the treasurer of another small, struggling co-op on the north side. It had been a Swedish community. Almost all the Swede i had

'moved out but there were a few idealists who joined with the remainder of Scandinavians to run a co-op. Presently we moved back to the Hyde Park community-and- that- north side co-op collapsed. After about three more years-of membership and buying iii the Hyde Park'Cooperative, I was drafted: We again' left the community but the Hyde Park Cooperative went right on. So we'have decided that any cd-op which would Survive twice the withdrawal of our purchasing Power had' some real Staying qualities which are worth being associated with.

•, ft

When I was discharged from civilian public service, where I had been a celleague of WalketSandbach's and other people 11-1-this room, 'we re-turned to Hyde.O.,k. Soon we were involved in the co-op once more. I was elected to the board and became the treasurer a couple of years. It

r survived,even that. 1

' So there is something which makes some coops succeed and others fait even thou3h my relation 'to them has been pretty Much the same and I have given a good deal of thought to the question, "What is involved?"

' It is 'esay.to say that cooperatives sucgeed in uniVerstty communities Where there are large numbers df idealistically motlVated, highly educated

4 4

It isn't what THEY do down at that blanky-blank co-op. This was my fault because it belongs to me. I have some responsi-bility for this.

When you begin to get people thinking that way, if you have a lot of people taking part of the responsibility instead of just making complaints, what a difference it makes. These are the educational directors' jobs.

So, when we put out The Word for Co-ops, I think we put in, without knowing it, four words for the managers Enterprise, Abundance, Efficiency, and Competition--and we put in four words for the educational and public relations directors --Freedom, Sharing, Understanding, and Ownership. All eight of them are necessary. Every cooperative business that is repre-sented in this room, every credit union, every mutual insurance company and all the rest of them have been built by people who deeply believed in them, who believed in them enough to be ashamed unless they were outstanding business successes of the kind their community would be proud to own, built by people who believed In them enough to insist that they must also be dynamic human organisms with a considerable portion of the people par-ticipating actively and with understanding and a sharing of experience in ownership. These people who built these enter-prises believed in their potential contribution to the ultimate welfare of mankind and the further progress of cooperatives can only be assured by that same kind of people who believe equally deeply in the same things, whether they be managers, or educa-tional directors, accountants, treasurers, or just executive directors. Thank you very much.

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how well we'd like to sit in the manager's seat and assume all the responsibilities, including the responsibilities for all work which we expect him to undertake.

Bow, I want to address some thoughts to the managers. In this rather troubled and confused and fearful world, cooperation Is a way of doing things which depends for its success upon the willingness of the people to work as hard for a solution of the problems of their neighbors as they do for their own. This causes us to hope for progress of an idea which lies very close to the heart of every deep reli-gious teaching we have ever known. It is not enough to have enterprise, efficiency, abundance, and competition, even if we have all four. No, there has to be something more than that. There has to be a sense of Freedom for people. An understand-ing and a kind of exhiliration out of the knowledge, that I, no matter who I am, as a human being can be an owner of that business on a par with all the rest of its owners if I just want to. This is the only kind of business there is that offers everybody that same equal opportunity. Not only am I free to risk some of my money in that business; I am free to try to have an influence on how it goes. I am free to do something along with another group of my fellow citizens about the problems that trouble me.

Freedom doesn't mean Just sitting on the back porch eating apple pie and listening to the baseball game. Freedom really means the use of freedon by people. It isn't enough unless we have a sense of Sharing. A consciousness that acti-vity in a cooperative means mutual aid among people. That's why we have it.

It isn't enough unless we have Understanding, the kind of understanding of one another, and of our problems and the methods of their solution which come only from experience. This is the difference between a consumer society on the one hand or an organization for the protection of people's health or soinething like that and a cooperative which organizes those concerns into an effective economic enterprise. Under-standing results from experience. But how do you know people are going to get an understanding out of the experience unless you help them to do it? People do learn from doing, don't they? But then they have got to do things and the development and generation of this sense of participation and this sense of freedom and this sense of sharing is the job of a people who have to do in some respects the harder thing, even than the manager,

On the side of business operation we have to have efficiency and line authority. But in the field of education and member participation we can't have that; we've got to have spontaneous action on the part of people and that has to be generated and motivated by skills that are very high and very rare and very precious. And, finally we don't have real suc-cess in a cooperative unless we have people with a sense of Ownership. This is something that is ours. It isn't theirs,

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educated and they can't be educated anymore. It is our job, however, to draw out of people the best they have in them and that is what education means.

Now if we are going to get any place we have got to have managers of cooperative business who are considerably better than their competitive opposite numbers in competing business. The cooperative manager has to be better because he has a more exacting job, a more difficult job, and a much more multi-farious job. He has, in the first place, to make this co-operative businessrsomething that you as an educational worker can be proud of. He has to make it a place where it is easier for you to get a new person to come back the second time than It was to get them there the first time. I have seen co-ops wijiere devoted ladies spent all kinds of time and energy getting new people to come to the co-op once. They could get them to come once, but they weren't ever going to come back again.

It is your manager's responsibility to see that he gives you a business that is worthy of the members' interest and the members' devotion. It is your manager's job to make this cooperative business an economic asset to the community where It exists. To be an economic asset is to provide the best service of the kind the people really need. This requires keeping up with the changes that take place in the needs of the people. This manager is responsible to the board of directors and through the board to the whole membership for the entire operation of that co-operative, including its educational aspects.

We have eight words in The Word for Co-ops. Four of them are Enterprise, Abundance, Efficiency, and Competition. Unless we have the kind of managers we need we are not going to have enterprise, the kind of enterprise that anticipates the needs of tomorrow, that sees that they are met better than any other business can do it; we are not going to have the kind of effi-ciency that cuts red tape and brings about the closest possible relationship between the consumer, on the one hand, and his supplier upon the other; we are not going to have effective competition in the sense that it provides a yardstick of ser-vice, quality and price against which people can compare all other businesses in the same line; we are not going to have the kind of abundance that is only possible if you are carrying a successful economic enterprise.

For all these things the manager is responsible and for them he has got to train, he's got to organize and inspire an effective team of workers, he has got to give leadership to this whole operation, leadership not only in making proper economic decisions but leadership in having enough skill to recommend things to the board of directors and get them not only to adopt them but to understand them and make them a part of their own thinking, and he's got to have enough control to say both yes and no at the right time. This is quite a job, and I think that all of us who are engaged in what may be called the human relations part of the work ought to stop sometimes and ask ourselves, especially when we are going to beflt night,

to keep in that local communiiysome of the self-confidence and -sense of self-sufficiency which is necessary to its vitality, the development of Cooperatives is the best way to do it.

Fourth, I think it is important because I know of no other device which I thinklcan become an effective third force between exploitive capitalism on the one hand and communism on the other in the'new countries of the world. I know of no other device which: l think can institutionalize the economies of those people on a free basis except, of course, the cooperative concept.

And, finally, and I don't think this is farfetched, I believe the success of cooperatives in our own countries is important because it lays a base of understanding between our-selves and people also developing cooperatives and experiencing mutual aid in other parts of the world which has a lot to do with our chance for peace. So it is important that we make a go of this.

When I was first born into cooperative employment I found a situation in certain places where I found everybody was either black or white in the opinion of a certain group. And all the black guys were the guys that were emphasizing the importance of cooperative business and the white buys were the guys that were willing to sppnd any amount of money on coopera-tive educational programs. I don't think that was a correct division. In those days also we found a situation where a pendulum was swinging back and forth. We had an either/or psychology. Either you were for the business success of cooperatives in which case by definition you didn't care about their educational program or their member information program, or else you were in favor of cooperative education and bddalism, in which case it was more or less assumed that you didn't care about business success and you didn't even really want it very bad because it might interfere with your job. Well, this is silly, of course, and I think we have proved it.

The pendulum has swung back to the point where our whole emphasis almost seemed to be on effective management and where it was so much on effective management that we in some instances forgot and even abolished educational departments in some of our organizations and took the position that all we had to do was conduct an efficient operation and everything else would fall in place. This isn't true because we are dealing with human beings.

More or less in conclusion, I want to address a few remarks primarily to the educational directors. And when I say educational directors I mean directors of information and public information directors, and all the people who are engaged in the job of touching other human beings w!th ideas. I don't care what words you use. I am kind of prejudiced for the word "education." But I guess motivational people may be right, that all Americans want to feel that they are already

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producing companies. That is, an4 I quote, "from the market expert who says that our business is not to produce what the consumers want but to make the consumers want what we choose to produce." Which is, of course; a very extreme statement. Over and against this you can chOose whether you want a funda-mental regulation in order to preserve a general structure of social responsiveness on the part of these great ganglia of / power or whether you are going to try to build up a countervail-ing force in the economy. I thjrik this is a disabused idea completely that an association of organized producers can produce a situation which is socially desirable. In other words, capital and labor both being very highly organized, will bring about a result which Is good for society. And the reason this won't happen is because the interest of all of us in our professional capacity, and in our occupational sense, the interest of every single grbup of producers is inevitably an interest that whereas all other goods and services shall be plentiful, the particular things that we have to sell or pro-duce, whether it be a farm commodity or an hour of labor, or whatever it is, shall be just scarce enough so that we can extract the kind of income that we desire.

Our only interest that is a universal interest, and which is in accord with the general interest of the whole nation, is our interest as consumers because from that point of view our desire is to see all types of goods and services as plenti-ful as they can reasonably be made and as readily available in good quality and quantity as they can be made for all people. And, so my second reason why I think it is important for cooperatives and mutuais to grow is because I think this is the one way that you can get an effective countervailing force that can stand up to and really put some of the fear of God even into the great ganglia of economic power. And I think it much better that this be done by people organizing their own businesses, investing their own money and running those businesses as well as they must be run in order to compete than it is to do it in any other way.

The third reason I think it Is important is because I do not think it desirable that all of us move to New York. Chicago, and Los Angeles. I think it is important in a society like ours that at least a certain number of people live in small enough communities so that they have some face-to-face contact with their neighbors and share community responsibili-ties quite directly with them. And I don't see how else you are going to get effective revitalization of local communities or effective rural area redevelopment or even effective develop-ment of a new urban culture which we are going to have to develop pretty soon, unless you have ownership of vital facili-ties residing in the people of those localities. I don't think a place where all of the business is absentee-owned is very likely to have a sense of self-sufficiency, independence or a sense of dynamism. There is only one type of organization that is always going to have to remain owned by the local people and that Is a cooperative because by definition it has to be owned by the people who use its services. Consequently, if you really wanted to revitalize the local communities, if you really want

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They realize that, unless somebody does do something about it, the world isn't liable to be saved. And I said I think it is fronethil 4rotp, of people that cooperatives will always draw

'their real core groups of working members. And that therefore it is true, of course, that we have got to build volume of cooperative business just as fast and just as big as we can. And our appeal to that volume business is going to have to be very much the same kind of an appeal that any competing business would make. That is, excellent quality and service and the extras that Mr. Gardener spoke about to the managers and all the rest of it.

But, nonetheless, the motive force in our organization Is going to be drawn not from the picture that the motivational experts painted for us of the typical American, but rather from the other group who may not talk so much about it but who feel deeply and care deeply and are deeply concerned and aren't ashamed to be trying in their humble way to save mankind. So if that be true, and I think it is, then we see that there are two aspects even tradewise and membershipwise and participation.. wise in the job that we have to do in cooperatives. And this leads more directly into the story that I want to try to present to you this evening.

Now, before I go any further, I would just like to pose a question. But I would just like to ask the question as to whether it makes any difference really whether we do build an effective cooperative and credit uniOn structure in America or whether we don't. I think it makes a great deal of difference and I have five reasons. I'll give them much too quickly because I won't give you my supporting arguments.

I am unable to find any other wholly constructive answer or any other particularly hopeful answer to solving the problem of American agriculture, to making it possible for the Independent farmer to continue to live and flourish; or to remove the basic economic injustice that rests upon our agri-culture and forces it to subsidize all the rest of the economy by passing on all the technological benefits and technological advances as they occur in agriculture whereas the rest of the economy absorbs it into industry. I don't see any other answer to the other ridiculous situation in which farmers' incomes can go plummeting down at the same time the consumers' prices for the same goods go up, excepting the answer of having these same farm people own part of the profitable portions of the business as integrated operations and thus regain some of the economic bargaining power that otherwise they have completely lost. Government programs may be necessary for awhile. The free market would wipe out all the little farmers, there's no doubt about that. I don't know any other constructive answer to this problem except buliding much broader and deeper and wider the structure of marketing, supply, credit, insurance and every kind of cooperative among the agricultural and rural people.

Secondly, we are developing an economy which is dominated by a few huge aggregations of power in the hands of

representation from CUMA, National Rural Electric Cooperative Association, farm supply co-ops, consumer co-ops, and the health co-ops and the rest. The best people. And even then they hired four experts to work with them. In trying to make an analysis of the relationship between cooperatives in America today and the mind of the American public we raised the question as to what was really wrong with our approach to the people of America and where are we failing to make con-tact with the people as they now think and as they now live. And I think that the final product of that work was an excellent one. That is, our booklet The Word for Co-ops and the ideas that it presented. Because after all was said and done, it was, I hardly want to say discovered, that people came to a realization that the basic things which co-operatives are prepared to do for us better than any other form of business organization were fundamentally the same things that the American people were interested in. May I say that I mention Canada when I use the word America; it does not mean the U.S. exclusively. I spent quite a little time in Latin America recently, and I certainly have learned that lesson. So when I say America I am not speaking of just the U.S.

This study came up with the idea that the average citizen of the U.S. is a person about like this. He belongs to the upper middle class. This is 95% of the population. These are highly educated individuals. He wants to enjoy the good life which he interprets mainly in material terms. He is not interested in any kind of cause. Or in exerting himself to save the world. He is not appealed to very much by this because he must be, of all things, sophisticated. And it isn't sophisticated to be interested in things of this sort and, therefore, your appeal to him has got to be a very moderate type of appeal to somebody who is a conformist indi-vidual and whose standard of living means considerably more to him than his standard of life.

I didn't purchase this bill of goods myself. At least not for the entire population because I believe there is a large and probably growing group of people who are deeply concesned and dissatisfied and unhappy about the materialistic standards of our time. A growing group of people who, having gotten their television sets and their ranch type dwellings in the suburbs, and even their boats, who find, that by George, there is some-thing more to life even than this. And once in awhile they read the papers sufficiently to realize that unless they can do better than this their children or their children's children are not liable to have very much of a chance to live in the world at all.

I say I think there is a rather growing group of people and certainly a good core group who care about other things. They wouldn't object when the general manager of the Hyde Park Cooperative Society speaks of the cooperative movement, for example, They are people who, though they might not put it in quite these words because it is a cliche', are deeply con-cerned that the world be saved and that they do something about it.

Address by Jerry Voorhis to the joint dinner banquet of the Consumers CooPerative,Mairagerst-Conference

and the Institute on Cooperative Education

June 13, 1962

I think this meeting is of real significance, Walker. As you have already suggested, and what 1 want to try to do in the few minutes is to talk part of the time to the managers about the educational directors and part of the time to the educational directors about the managers.

You all heard the story, I am sure, about the manager of a cooperative who was told that he really ought to paintt his place. And he said, "Well, I don't know; it will cost a bunch of money." And the person who wanted him to paint it said, "Well, at least paint the sign so somebody can tell where it is. He replied and said, "Well, members all know where it is and with other people it doesn't matter." This was a point of view that some people held.

I was a member of a cooperative that had some of the most devoted members that I have ever seen. We used to go down there and pick the bugs off the lettuce and clean the place up and do everything there was in the world to do, that is, five or six of us used to, and then we wondered why we couldn't get a better manager for the place. Well, anybody would have been very crazy to accept the managership of that cooperative because there was really no thought given to an efficient operation. We were just devoted to the thing, and we didn't, I am afraid, have any real understanding or con-sciousness of the fact that it was all very well for us to have this exercise and devotion but we weren't making much of an impact on the community.

I know another cooperative where the members re-capitalized it three different times. They went through all their capital three times and recapitalized it, and it still was a shoddy operation in an out-of-the-way place; the facilities were inadequate and uncompetitive and they finally gave up. On the other hand, I can imagine a cooperative that has the finest facilities that could possibly be. It's a very efficient operation, it shines and sparkles. its volume is very big. Yet it hasnkt any group of people in it that are conscious of what it is. It has no member education program. It's Just another business. And it is just as much of a failure from cooperative point of view as the other co-operative 1 spoke of.

Probably a lot of you are aware of The Word for Co-Ops, that rather large oversized booklet that we put out a little while ago. This was a result of a study that was made by a specially appointed committee representing some of the best brains in our member organizations and in the cooperative organizations of the country in general. That committee had

SUMMARY OF ANNUAL INSTITUTE BUSINESS MEETING

June 13, 1962

The annual business meeting was called to order with Ceorge Cerny as chairman and Lawrence Jones, secretary. An attendance report for this naeleuinstitute was made by Hayes Beall who said the Institute had sixty-two participants and that registration fees should be sufficient to meet the direct expenses involved. It was also reported that copies of the proceedings of the Institute would be sent to all who had paid their regi-

stration fees since provision for the Proceedings is made in the Institute budget. Participants were invited to sign a list being circulated to se-cure orders for additional copies at $1.00 each.

The chairman asked the participants to form a disucssion group around each table in order to evaluate this year's institute and tocffer suggestions for 1963.

A report was presented by our representatives on the joint committee to plan a 1963 Social Trends Seminar. George Cerny and Cecil Crews re-ported on the committee meeting held in Park Ridge June 7 and 8. They indicated the type of program preferred by the public relations directors and in which the editors and education directors have agreed to share.

JIM Torres traced the proposal's history. Alex Laidlaw outlined a plan for simultaneous sessions and indicated preference for presentations that also took Canada's problems into account. The dates are: From the evening of June 25 through noon of June 29. The registration fee is expected to be $115. More planning will be done at a meeting in Madison on October 26.

It was proposed that the 1963 Education Institute be held for a two day period beginning Sunday evening, June 23 and continuing through the afternoon of June 25 at the Wisconsin Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. This will permit those who can attend both the Edu-cation Institute and the seminar to do so on a continuing basis. The planning committee for the institute was nominated and elected. Those named included Linnea Anderson, George Cerny, Cecil Crews, J.D.Miller, Lawrence Jones, Alex Laidlaw, Harold Chapman, Eugenio Rosario and Hayes ' Beall.

After appropriate expressions of thanks to the planning committee and sponsors the meeting adjourned. The participants were urged to remain for the Joint session on the 14th in which managers and education directors will consider the subject "How to Get and Keep Member Participation" with Art Danforth making the presentation.

59

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• . tC0hes Service pins aviilatile ln'color with gold finish., These indicate

' the number of yea-rs diretters'have served their'local toOperatives in that 7. . tapecity. .(. Ai 1 ,tc C 1'

I believe cooperatives should be MikEng more us of audio-visuals so their Members may see and hear and. remember.; They can make a real contribution tooyobr'educatiOn program' . r

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This gives you some idea of the importance of sight and the importance of hearing in the learning process and in the retaining of information.

41We have- completechode Movie-; "Seeing.WhatrYou!OWn,"ea4ullrin9tbldicam, Colorrand sound production:shoking,fortytfivpAifferept CCAL instapasions In thirty-two towns in eight states. The film runs twenty-five. minutes and contains 231 scenes. (Available on request and we pay the postage one way.)

l'leistreCommendirto,lecal9cooperativeslor;showing,at,Lannupl:meetings and other gatherUngsswheretitlis desirable,tolshow thelextent integrated activities and the broad basis of ownership of,pl!nts

This is CCA's first non-professional movie. It was produced entirely by CCA staffmen and narrated by Les Roenigk. Costs totaled $1,002.01. This is com-plete with optical sound and color positive so we can get cheap prints. This film was released six months ago, and we have shown it to audiences with a total ofcver 20,000 people in attendance.

Third, I will play the first couple of minutes of our new training film for use In CCA petroleum schools covering the laboratory processes in Coffeyville, Kansati, Del Miller believes we can aid him the teaching process by preparing color movies of various processes in the plants and thereby get away from the expensive and time-consuming process of visiting the plants. You will notice Del Miller's voice on this one.

While we have nothing particularly new in slides, we are using them exten-sively in our field work, as well as in our educational activities. We have slides and sets of slides of facilities,and of specific operations, such as feed milling, and sets showing local co-op growth. These we are showing now are a part of the set of thirty slides that we offer to any local co-op free of cost.

Here is en old-fashioned idea which we are using to advantage. Albums--a set of sixty color picutres of CCA facilities, and an album showing the main features of CCA's custom mix feed mill. This album has been used before twenty local co-op boards, and helps our fieldman "show" any local board just what a custom mix mill looks like. We constantly enlarge the album as new cooperatives put in these mills.

We produced a three-and-a-half-minute record for use at all CCA Neighbor Nights last year. Now we sell these records to local co-ops at $1.00 each for use in annual meetings, on appreciation days, or during any event which is sponsored by the local co-op.

We make extensive use of flannel boards. Charts of all kinds are very help-ful. We have large circular "pie" charts which are made up as the speaker talks, also flip charts of many sizes and varieties. Posters are very use-ful and we carry e complete stock of League posters, plus three or four of our own.

We are not at this time doing much with filmstrips or tape recordings, but there are plenty of places where they may be used to advantage.

Many of our local co-ops are using Polaroid Cameras for instant photos to show the facilities they operate, the progress of livestock on feed, or to record any activity of the local co-op.

57

George created a wonderful!pictyne=-:look-backt et IX1APW.111)Y0,pr miiid!sgeye. George has truly taught; we!thavel all, rtearne4 somthjpg- N 74. r

1.7.4.1clia. in :in! /nu 4 2_, 4 ..I c.T=r .7i T.7 .1 R1; T Tha'se rag dslicatrAhelps us:.impantl knowledge',, they, can. bp I p us teach:. We can learn things about the cotop3when.(the: tools are used ps,gpr]y, g. 4

We learn through observation. We grow only through participation. In a co-op we are after growth--growth by our members. That ip. why weltry.so hard to get them to participate. 4E4.1 'norl J-T.T-Tg Lhs r7J A :11 -,9 1, -A-, n!,IP !ITT lestdiiday- Ceç.it Crews :usechan; expAessien "bujiding-indiy iduels"--ffind building peop*el ts out job._ ,Aftery a presentation jlke this, we. "see?: people in act ion

IP t togethereA yf .%:1 ft.: -1.10ni e: Ar.d!ias 0%6 k, 6, yortT r '

I must move quickly into my demonstration of movies. I have three "Minute Movies" for you. Each of them tells a story and each will be explained. 4r7 • ' 4" tal l s 4 1 el:16, 9 iatrc "T is-9,1 ct. I r-st,s:ana-minute, commercial, 'used, on. twelve TV stations and .six satellite

nl :StatilF04?.W This. Is a .real Pquickle".andl It had the,co-op "jingle" in4t. d 'This 'wash:prepared..14(our .adverti.sing agency,-, and is.. of coursewprofess ioqally

i if t done, LITted uses, au (opt i cal sound track.- . • .** •

at .a' l$ I J e !Tit , • T „ L -1:d.;Secorid ocJ.a! "Mlnut p:MOV Le" preparedJor- this; pccas ion ;to: d emopstpat eat he.. use

of magnetic tape. We putithesound.om, this movie _In; our, offices InpRensas City, and of 'course, you can "see " that the movie is not professionally done. Any of you could do the same.thingrmerely:by;; adding a little equip-mOrit4. and :joh ractirc Fel: up .t7lIttle) on, your movie taking. •

I have a new slogan in addition to the one I ftattled off cto you yesterday. This-one-briIngs-me-right -4 nto-the- movie-making bus i f you can't get them to 'go see' the plants, shoW them with movies." ! !

A picture Ls worth 10000 words.' Add movement and you have a motion picture worth a lot more words, and yet the picture cannot speak.HrAdd the human voice and the picture liter4lly comes Olive. It may be very .effectlyei,j Now it Speaks-to- your. members and you_hbve thelflaWerellePS_end their interest. If kt is the eight picture and if jou have donw a good job your 'words fall on fertile soil. The process is complete. You have taught:,.end \ your ?cop le have learned.. .They_may .even do the thing_yoU.are suggesting. I use the medium of motion pictures for my first illustration because it can have a

io Wird0i4Opeal tere 5e1ra treffiendous rto012 Wimpart ingulpformetIon Ins:'15e;T:eeteined bycodrimembersr. et.sr ud v , fd isli I IT

-eqc6e 11 ca, eind nU1b ni a If.avba 1 4.:1 flT: e!rAi lel .39c 2TTT !, I We learn: • -V u:iL I

14 through TASTE li% through TOUCH 31% througiliSMELLL: Pi^P- i 11% through HEARING

/cAT .rbis it:Ods 110” :an ; IthrauglliSIGHM, 1^'-r si 0, 0 "r T 1 ev12 ,r2E-Nowi liscMi I2tt roD in 's .FC'l dr,

We retain: -Gibbs r L, ori t F-LUXiofrwhativieJBENI fu',' 7 e....L9 '!"' 3 t a j.1 !IL - I.

noil7inv,41,1 a ed olg 10% ofiwhat-weliEAR ." stub I iar, k 4iTuc,f ,yonfici..,.3 el cJI!i 30%,f-What we SEE' L .! in_ ,/ J1Te vel ciTh

011:Pdo S101 SI, (14

ZE We retain: 50% of what we SEE and HEAR

56

;LT- F list' Stag-era. RdeketI is' the Membel-- Coopeurat i'vect, kt S ''. ' 1 ')

Second stage Booster is Midland the'Regional., ; 32 .

Third stafe Booster is the National and International organizations. rIlet fuel! fOr.the Rocket is fornishedby the3 member through-hi& loyalty, participation and promotion of the- cooperative.3 h ,

a 4 1: : . 1 ''' 14 :I 7 7' -4 . .1 1 fit ,

MeetInga..- Joe Clifford s" . , .1 , I ...

' '., a a ‘ 1 r

Young Adult Dinner-Meetings are being encouraged and promoted among the ma-liagar's:of Midland member cooPerativet7.0; These are "get ateuainted" type

. liinriar Meetings, espatally aesilned. to -halo. the, Manager become. better3ac-quainted with the young folks in the community. Especially Is, this. true of

the young folks who give indication they they are becoming established in 'the.ceitnunrty. i - " . 1 '

1 1 .... t.. u, • u .: nuil i - 4 ,

One section of the meeting is a session which utilizes 35m slides and laraeretransparenCies Whiah Are shoWnwithHan•overhead ilrojector. A. few slidesare .ShoWn- which help point -up theuvarious-ways of doing business in

. Ameride.. Simultaneously; manother,sereen. we projectA;nutber of charts. The following is an example of one that ts,:used.) Thoseuattending ,the meeting

are encouraged to help the narrator fill out the infonmation. The objective

is :to tibte thaethe cooperative coldmn.Lists mot : frequently the,"custpmer-owner",as the one.reteiVing the, most attention.;

141 i ;.` so" NUMBER OF

INDIVIDUAL, PROPRIETORI ,)

PARTNERSHIP

0.0

PROFIT CORRUGATION

5,

-NON-PROFIT •COOPERPUTIVE.

VOLUME OF, )01

•

liS1NESSES BUSINESSES:, OWNERSHiP toNimuL, utAHNINUb

5J fl•

.. r

,.

441 s •-.^ ,st...h; IE,... , •

.

e,

' • 'I,

bl. t E.

1 r

.

.

,

.I r.

c :11

uu "

T

11 1

u •

a

u. lEuri

1 ' to ; " ; .-4 ... •

u ,

• , 'Ut i

_

it. .W' /

, 1t4 a ,

fl u b

„

e.

,

r

• i

r. r ''ii 1C) t - ;),Other Charts and 441das are Also shown .toThely establish understanding of fundamental differences in the way business is. Itui.s_important to point out for the young adults the advantages in doing business the coope-rative way. :113 I

;1.1 LI . 90 r i

Audio-Visuals at CCA - Lawrence E.-Faitolvr..42 " N \Ai

First, may I clear one thing--I am gdih“o,-rtalk to you about aids. That is, some tools that can help us teach, impart knowledge, give information.

You have just seen a wonderful demonstration of one of these tools, an audio-visual tool, and I can just "seen'the response Ofrpeople to a presentation like this by George Cerny, out in the terrPoryo,pr in the field conference, or in the large annual meeting.

I, ri-.744 ;10.3.1-1 ' 55

Group Discussiena. h1:ReiliereBitalllield;Ilember:RelaflonvOfficer, United Cooperatives of Ontario

011di 4t, Cv 1,. .1 Canada's National Farm Radio Forum is a coast-to-coast program and is re-garded •asiond.of the largest,groOpidtscussionIprojecta.iever undertaken on a continuing basis. It is in addition to being adult education, a rural forum and opinion pole and a communication media. Each year the national body plans, with assistance from each previnclaithody,i.topics torbe discussed on the Monday night programs which are carried on from-Octeber td-

ni Topics[7are'diredvfOrmenethajtihourom the radloi:coastt.tor-APeastethen.09 rgj tope isMsCussed,LW the-homes,by.the groups tof,peopie,Aesemhted:, Families

siArelorganizediintollistoningiand OscussiOnigroupsrcaliediforums. Some, 2,200-fofums have been active.-the forums recelyeyin adyancoa prepared study material guide. Each forum has a secretory who reports in,wrItiqg to the Provincial forum office. These reports are summarized and mailed back

off ncto(thelfOrumS.cahev:drelalsb.sentito*therpress,gend-radioc!farmcorgonizations, clgovernment Officilaisf.andLothersIwho may:have.argenuiee trytereet,in&thelindings.

. itt 4 )

cflt' 'TóTevts ThorsteinSOn;Sooperative-DistMicoPuklic-ReleOgn!..cifficer, Brandon, Manitoba. b, !Cis-

-als,0ne ofntherbost populacali programs EntentrekCanadaile.; ?Co-op, Neighbor" night.'“ThisprogramicoMpetealfavorably! withcentof.thelnetwork. programs. It features local talent from the community being highlighted on a particular evening,.gtvestspOciataredognitionftofploneersiisuppogtsccommonitylendeavors, makes announcements and dedications of birthdays of people over 80 and of 50th wedding anniversaries and over, highlights new of special Cooperative.activities and centers attention on those -receiving relondi 5hecks frpmntheir cooperatives.

aln; skr;oil22 ini 0 -3 Alsq ii (ii n;I:z1 rtu :t 02-3 • -A3c,a3The-cOseofethe shoW,is assessedito.‘the tooperativeswithio the.district at

the rate of 1/8 to 1/16,oft1%hofisa1es.: '131 cooperativep4Are-19Y0)vesijn the support of this half-hour program which Mr. Thorateinson conducts.

Y fo'!G .1 t's 'a. i. f fl Inn r .3.. 3 io Fe3J1n. I. ncalpo/q r, 3 Intl' ,Laul po-o^ 3 CMCfl Li I

Meetings - George Cerny ,rt w9 3 j

t"lOnt-of)therMore,usefunteChnrquesoirt-providing informationkon thetennOal meeting program was found throUghithe-uae-ofithe3MCBMnfiannelgrpphatory.*This is A 35-minutes Annual Meeting Flannelgraph Story developed to tell the

:.JralationshipThetweem the-Member cooperativpi:Atheiregional/and the, national

and intethational, Organizations:I L.w-...„,y! S30; o •J • - *icr ? I I 'Crt t"t bat, lIP. st g‘i .Cta tc$n Yarn-

iTher)story is presented on?a:4;ft,o,xv12 fty,flanneilver4cflMCBM,rppresents 1-MidiandoCooperativesAenefitMissle aTher_nosrcene;js.:theupay load which

carries the benefits to the peopleaqua1ity,:yar4stic154 cpntrob ethics,

service, and refunds. /tod3 r ialiic4ri 01,:w tric-ntg polar; c i Aoncihn6 11,

r° 147 77e7Thervph6tograPh of "ThelRooket Storrimithei0hoterseCtlomofIthese ra..; (Tlbrbceedihgs i 3V13 • 7w, c ' jubp-i ics v 4en/ .1,Li9 :a n-t., ni nprin3 'd ninn L ,n

.dnet;m nia'qinvannq PJ..» L 54

•

V

HOW TO MAKE MAXIMUWEDUCATIONAL USE OF THE --a

MEDIA OF COMMUNICATIONS

(Summaries prepared by Joe Clifford, recorder for the day.)

= Printed Materials-- Lawrence Jones

Mr. Jones reported on thetwork of Wisconsin Assotiation of Cooperatives' in distributing literature to prospective teachers. The W.A;C. getd literature to the 'student teachers through visits to the teachers colleges, in the state. These include the County teachers colleges, state colleges, and private colleges. a a 7,

4 •

The W.A.C. also maintains a literature booth at the estate teachers convention whereras Many as 50019 1000 packets of literaturemay be picked up. by the convention guests.

r-' Mr. Jones pointed ouCthatrmaterial.in ebooktet formats Much more popUlar than single leaflets used as literature. •

pr ljecause of a Taw'in Wisconsin which requiTes S"dhools to teach about coopera-tives,. excellent odoperation is given y the schools, the speaker said.,

aa f Y

The MiA.C, also has a literature table artheir annual a • •

• a a Printed Material; - I:theme Anderson t

meeting.

•

Wide use is made of literature racks in Hyde Park Cooperative Society's store for printed materials.'qhere is one literature rack at each of eleven check-out counters and another at the educatienalJdeskr‘1 a

• cl • a. ,i rt Literature includes not only our own cooperative material but also such re-lated items as Co-op Fuel, Medical Care Program, Memorial Association, CARE, Credit Union, etc. •

• •

Eddcattenal 'deak diap)ai reserved mainly' for leaflets from-the:Cooperative League and our own "local to-op periodicals. .-r ,

1 • a, • Materials without a pe ice move quickly.- People seem relOctantrto pick up

items that have a price tag. Special literature includes "Tell your Neigh-bor," "Welcome New Member)' "They All Endorse Cooperatives," "The Cooperative--What it is," and "Ch-optRepert.1.1 Every committee member of every committee receives a Subscription to the-"Co-op Report," The subscription is taken

lout of our education budget.', ! V.

At present a handbook is being prepared which contains information about c,serVices aVallable,:how the' co-op is run, what part members are, expected to play and an introduction to the cooperative movement. Thjs will be an item used primarily by those who are interested in cooperatives—such as students and active participating members.

53

CONSUMERS CO-OPERATIVE OF BERKELEY BOARD AND COMMITTEES

CO-OP MEMBERSH I P

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

CONGRESS REPORTS

COUNCILS REPORT

EXECUTIVE

COMMITTEE

RETIREMENT COMMITTEE

FINANCE:1

COMMITTEE

6/62

FUTURE '

PLANS

COMMITTEE

I MANAGE. I

MENT

COMMITTEE

Lj

PUBLIC

RELATIONS

COMMITTEE

SCHOLARSHIP'

POMMITTEE

CONTRIBUTION

' COMMITTEE

MEMBER

RELATIONS

COMMITTEE

----ILABOR-CO-OP

COORDINATING

COMMITTEE

CONSUMER

INFORMATION

AND

PROTECTION

COMMITTEE

re-

CALENDAR

CONSUMERS COOPERATIVE OF BERKELEY

In Meeting Room unless otherwise specified.

US - University Avenue SH - Shattuck Avenue WC - Walnut Creek

September

1 .- Member Relations Corn. (SH) 8 p.m.

5 - Labor Day, al l departments closed.

9 - Co-op Youth Group. "Free Night," bring your

own games, phones, records, fi lms, etc. All

teens welcome. (UA) 7:30-9:30 p.m.

12 - Bridge for Fun, al l bridge players welcome, (SH) 8 p.m.

Writers Group, Credit Union space, (SH) 8 p.m.

13 Neighborhood Groups Corn., (UA) 8 p.m.

15 Publ ic Relations Com., (WC) 8 p.m. ACCI Board Meeting, (SH) 7:45 p.m.

16 Co-op Youth Group Council, (SH) 7:30 p.m.

17 Art Mart Coffee Hour, (SH) 3-5 P.m.

19 Management Corn., (UA) Kitchen, 6 p.m. Bridge for Fun, al l bridge players welcome (SH) 8 p.m.

20 - Welcome Wednesday, (SH) 7:30 p.m. Future Plans Corn., (UA) Office, 8 p.m. Great Books Group, first of 16 bi-weekly meetings,

everyone welcome, (UA) 8 p.m.

21 - Welcome Wednesday, (VA) 7:30 p.m.

22 - Finance Corn., Office, (UA) 8 p.m.

23 - ACCI Membership Meeting, (SH) 7:30 p.m.

24. - Co-op Youth Group Folk Dancing, all teens welcome

(UA) 8-9:30 p.m.

26 - Co-op Board Meeting, (4) 8 p.m. Bridge for Fun, all bridge players welcome, (SH) 8 p.m. Writers Group, Credit Union space. (SH) 8 p.m.

27 - ACCI Selecting and Pricing, (SH) 7:30rp.m.

2$ - ACCI Fine Arts Guild, (SH) 7:30 p.m.

CONSUMERS COOPERATIVE OF BERKELEY - 3 - COMMITTEE ACTIVITY: 1961-62

Public Relations Committee Chamber of Commerce committees 6,7,10 Contributions Policy 6,7,9210,11,12,2 3,4

Better Business Bureau membership 6 Public Relations in new areas 6,8 Labor Union relationships 6,7,12,4 Press coverage & Instit. advts. 7,8, 9,10,11,12,2,3

Survey of non-member opinions 7 25th Anniversary celebrations 7,8,4 Fund-raising events 7,10 Report Board action 8,9,10,11,3,4 Board Manual 8 Distribution of Board Minutes etc. 8,9 Unemployed Youth project 9 KPFA, KOED 7,809,12,1 Essay Contest 10,11 UN Day 8,9,10 Legislation affecting consumers 9 International Co-op Day 10,11 Association of Calif. Consumers 9,11 Buying Policy 1,4 Consumer conference 2 Sculpture for Center 2 Scholarships 2,4 UN Bonds 2 Sids' Stores 3,4 Co-op News 4 Employment policies 4

Member Relations Committee New Member Orientation 6,7,8,9,10,11,

12,2,4 (incl. "Welcome Wednesdays") International Work of Co-ops 6,7,9 Interest Group single members 9 Member Meeting programs 6,10,11,2 Member Services exchange 6 Annual Christmas Tree Sale 11,1 Legislation affecting co-ops 6 Report Board Action 8,10,11,12,1,2,4 Leadership Training 6,9 Ballotting Methods 10,4 Camperships 6,7,8,9,10,11,4 Local Center M.R. Committee 9,10,11,4

Member Survey 6,8,9,10,12,2 Use of Meeting Rooms 10 Education Directors Conf. Report 7 Unemployed Youth Project 9 Membership Drive Plans 7,8,9,11 Education Dept. Budget 9 25th Anniversary celebration 7,8 Minimum patronage/investment 7.8,11 Distribution of Board Minnutes, etc. 9 Gerontology scholarship 8,1,2 Co-op Housing 9 Giants Day 8 Charter Flight-Europe 8 Insurance (Med. Pay.) 12 Use of Bulletin Boards 12, 1 Nomination by Petition 1 Store Decorations 1 "Free Speech" tables 1,3 Retarded child scholarship 1 A C Annual meeting 12, 1 Sculpture for Center 2 Savings & Loan Assn. 3,4 Sid's Stores 3

CONSUMERS COOPERATIVE OF BERKELEY - 2 - COMMITTEE ACTIVITY: 1961-62

tie

Future Plans Committee (Continued) Mutual Fund 10 So. Alameda County group 11,1 Children's clothing store 9,12 University Ave. Center remodel 12,1,3 San Francisco group 1 Shattuck Ave. Center parking 2 New Co-ops (outside 25 mile limit) 3

Management Committee El Cerrito Center 12,4 Employee Bonding 6,7,12 Labor Contract interpretation 6 Union Negotiation 6,12,1,3 Management Development 6,8,10,12 Employee Training 6 Operating Statement Review 6,718,9,

10,11,12,1,293,4, Property Purchase - University Ave. 6 Check Cashing 7112,1,2 Special Sales 7.11,12,3 Organic Foods 7,10 University Ave. Center remodel 7,10,2 Home Repair Service 7,8,4 Garage 8,11 Credit Union Building 8,9 Operating Budget 8 Hardware-Variety pricing 9 Sunday Hours - Walnut Creek Center 9,10

Salary ranges 9,10 Reduced Shelf Prices 9,10 Staff Rotation 10 Employee Grievances 10 Sick Leave Policy 11 Shoplifting 11 Holiday Pay 11 Pharmacy 1,2,3,4 Personnel Additions 12,2,3 Sids Stores 4 Meat Departments 4

Retirement Committee Military Leave 10,11 Investment 10,11,1 Sell Stock 11 Approve allocations to employee accounts 1

Walnut Creek Center Council Review store operations 8,9,10,11,12,1, 2,3,4

Employee Training 8,10,2 Activity groups 8,9,10,12,3,4 Educational Displays 8 Books Unlimited branch 8,9,10,12,1,2,3 Coffee bar 8,9 New Member Relations Committee (local) 9 Camp Sierra camperships 9 Center Council self-evaluation 7,8,9,3 Nominations for Board 9 Meat Promotion 9 New residents mailing 9,10 Arts and Crafts Gift sale 9 Distribution of Board Minutes etc. 10 Sunday store hours 10,11,12,1,2 UNICEF 10,11 UN week 10,12 Consumer Information Committee (local) 10 Space utilization 10,12,2,3,4 Kiddie Korral 10,11,12 New Member Reaction Sheets 9,11,12,3 Welcome Wednesday 11,12, 3 Credit Union 12 Center Council nominations 10,11,12,1,2 Future goals - local 8,1 World Peace 1,2,3 Japanese Women's Consumer team 2 Sid's stores 3,4 Purchase of Record Player 9 Report Board action 11,1,3 Contact low patronage members 12 Orientation new council 2,3 Suggestion box 2

South County Pre-Center Council Membership Drive 4

CI

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CONSUMERS COOPERATIVE OF BERKELEY COMMITTEE ACTIVITY: 1961-62

(Numbers Indicate month topic was discussed: June,1961-April, 1962.)

Building Committee

Objectives 7 Landscaping 7 Programming 7 El Cerrito Center schedule,

plans, costs 8,9,12,12 El Cerrito layout, facilities,

design 3,4

Consumer Information and Protection Committee

Report on board action 6 Evaluation of Co-op News, 6.7 Use of Margolius column 6,7,8 Consumer Problems Institute 6,7,8,10,1,8

Consumer Legislation 6,718.10,1 Mann County meeting 6 Quality Control at A C 6,7.10,4 Buying a Home 7,8 Co-op Pharmacy 7.9,10 Co-op Meat Depts. 7,3,4 Co-op Incinerator & smog 7 Consumer Information references 8 Co-op leaflets at Service Stations 8 Field trips (Goldn Rich) 8,3 Home Economists activity 6,8 Labelling water in hams 8,9 Distrib. of Board Minutes etc. 9 Consumer Counsel office 6,8,9.10,4 Staff help on legislation material 6 Price per pound on packages 3 Fallout shelter kits 1 Assoc. of Calif. Consumers 9,4 Bacteria Count in milk 4 Walnut Creek Cons, Info. Comm. 4 Loss Leaders 4

Mann Pre-Center Council Site negotiations 9,1 Consumer Inform. Comm (local) 6,9. Design Advisory Comm. (local) 6 Membership Meeting Plans 6 Staff attendance 6 Member control 6,9 Elections 9 Bulletin 9,1 Public Relations Comm. (local) 9 25th Anniversary Plans 9 Publicity 1

Membership drive 1 Books Unlimited 1

El Cerrito Pre-Center Council Spreading the word 6 Finance Drive 6,7 Building Comm. functions 6 Elect officers 7

Finance Committee Auditors 6,12 Returned checks 6,12,2 Parking Lot & Building write-off 6,9 Finance Drive 6 Operating Statement Review 819011 212s1,20,4

Balance Sheet review 8,11,12,1,2,4 Franchise Tax Deficiency 8 Operating Budget 8 Insurance 8,9,11,12,3.4 Short term investments 9 Financing A C 10,1 12 Certificate interest rates 10,11,1,2,8 Mutual Fund 10 Savings & Loan Assn. 10 Cash Forecast 11, 4 Tenants - El Cerrito Center 12 Pro Forma Oper. Statement El Cerrito 12 Patronage Refund tax deductibility 3 Bank Mortgage 3 Data Processing 6,3 Sid's Stores 4

Future Plans Committee Taxi Service 6 El Cerrito Center 6,7,8,9,11,12 Savings and Laon Assn. 6,7,8,3 Credit Union Buildings 6,7,9,11 The Future! 6,10,11,2,4 Staff Organization 6,10 Own or Lease? 6 Architectural ideas 6 Tenants-El Cerrito Center 7,11 Garage 7,11,12,1,2,4 Mann County Site 6,7.9110,11,12,4 Appliance Repair Service 6,10 Appllance Store 618 South Berkeley Site 8,9.12 Department Store 10,11,12,1 Distribution of Board Minutes etc. 10

member bylaws, an annual report, a letter of welcome and other pertinent information. Soon after they join, they get a welcoming leaflet and a questionnaire on service.

We then invite them to an orientation session. Even this invita-tion is important in our relations with the patron, whether or not he comes.

We also invite him to regular and special meetings. Continual contact is important. So is repetition. He gets a monthly News, a weekly merchandising sheet, plus a folder. This lets him know his investment is needed--this is a kind of participation, building toward the ultimate of member control.

Other forms of participation are work on our numerous committees, interest groups and auxiliary services. (List attached).

About one-quarter of our committee topics relate to expansion, one-quarter relate to personnel.

Our percentages of participation (with considerable overlap) are: Shopping--95% of members; about 36% invest $100 or more; News readership, 50% read some, a few read it all; about 15% vote, by mail or in the store; 2-3% attend meetings. About 200 people participate on committees, (except standing committees in the store advisory councils); about 10-15% a year use the suggestion box. About 200-300 are in auxiliary service groups, or in special interest groups.

Staffing of our regular committees is usual, but not of interest groups. However, even these latter put some burden on the staff.

Our policy is to have an educational assistant in every center we open.

Shopping volume tends to be higher when the patron participates in a number of activities.

In each center there is an advisory council. Committees there report to this council.

Coming up: A statement of objectives, of board-manager relations, of board committees, of policies generally. We have already dis-tributed a big employee manual which has been revised many times.

Mr. Danforth presented a chart of the Berkeley organization struc-ture, a typical calendar of one month's membership activities, and a list of topics discussed by various committees in the period June, 1961 to April, 1962. All three of the exhibits follow.

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The main reason most people do not Join co-ops is because no one has asked them.

Contact only live prospects from a prepared list--do no cold tele-phoning. A good prospect file is a must--Ose lists of present members; also organizational lists like churches and clubs. Prepare sample conversational openings for the telephone workers and other volunteers. Agree on these openings. Don't press the contact if he or she is unwilling to make a commitment right away. NOTE DOWN on a report form everything the person says or doesn't say.

Reports by teams. Have a fair interval between such reports. (A one day drive, however, may require much followup).

Give personal recognition. Keep instructions and drive workers' reports simple.

Clean up after the drive. Determine who did the best drive work and who are the most effective for continued work.

You may have a victory dinner after the drive. Or you may not want to be bothered.

Comment: We lined up a local leader in one community and signed up 31-171-the families in this area because of this leader's status position in the community. Think of the place where you hold your training meeting for volunteers. It may be a drawing card in itself.

Check with authorities on details of stock sales. You may have to request an application for stock. Don't have the prospect send in for something before you have that something to send him.

Comment: In Puerto Rico we rented a helicopter to drop leaflets in an area of 10 square miles after letters and telephone calls on prospects in the area. The leaflet called for store patronage. We increased volume by about 15% In a test week.

Member Participation

The first thing is to get the person to shop. The next step is to get him to join. In Berkeley, about 95% of our patrons are now members. We never quit going after a person once he has joined.

Information goes two ways--to the members and from the members.

The staff is the most important source of information before and after the customer joins.

Orientation of staff personnel, especially those without co-op background, is therefore most important.

Words (!nciuding pictures) are very important.

Before a patron joins, we use our local leaflet end League leaflets about co-ops at checkout counters. At checkout counters, a patron is asked if he or she has a membership number. ef not, the check-out person hands them a leaflet. After they join, we give the

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Thursday Session

Theme; "Membership Development and Member Education in Rapidly Growing Cooperatives"

A Joint Session of Managers and Education Directors

Chairman; Hayes Beall, Education Director, Cooperative League Presentation by Art Danforth of Berkeley Consumers Cooperative Society

We have learned that you can't have a successful cooperative without management--responsible for operations; and a membership, responsible for participation. From management we have come to expect service, price, quality, integrity, efficiency, as well as the rest of operations. From membership--patronage, capital investment, activity on committees, etc.; study leading to intelligent, active control as elements in participation.

Much depends on the attitude of management toward membership, and vice versa. Both groups of expected services and contributions Involve constant expansion and continuous education.

Most growth in cooperatives comes from neighbors talking to neighbors, and patronizing the store, liking service and product quality. But there are other plus factors to speed the tempo of building member-ship and getting capital investment. One is to put on a drive--especially in a new area--for both new capital and new members.

Features of a Drive

The most important part is planning--and staff time to do it. The staff must be freed from other duties if needed, in order to do necessary planning. Three months is the average planning period before a drive, such as a membership drive. Scheduling of a drive is important. This includes setting a goal that requires you to stretch, but one that you can reach. Cut down on length of a campaign to the minimum.

Other important parts of a drive: preparation of materials; a pros-pect file, prospect cards; a direct mailing program; and report forms.

Recruiting of teams comes after all planning and preparation have been done. Recruit drive workers by personal contact after a hand-picked group of chairmen has been selected. The best work is by people who are already active in other drives and civic affairs. The ideal size of teams is about 10 volunteer workers. The teams must be trained and the workers must be brought together. These meetings must be planned. Give each volunteer a list of about 20 Initial prospects. You may keep it lower but tell the volunteers they may get more names later.

A mailing would go to names on the prospect list right after the training session is held. These meetings to be followed immediately by telephone contacts. Telephone calls will refer to the mail con-tacts and if the person hasn't read the first mailing the team mem-ber should make a note in his report to call again. While personal calls are most effective, the larger number of persons that can be contacted by telephone gives greater response.

provided for by our founding fathers and not to be tampered with, that it is a comfortable way of life rather than an adventurous way of living.

Perhaps the struggle to survive we have had in the cooperative movement that in a hostile economic atmosphere helps us to recognize that self-government is a tough and difficult business. It demands discipline, dedication and sacrifice. If we have learned this lesson well enough in the cooperative movement there may be enough of us who can transfer it to the political scene so that we can keep alive the quality of political self-government that makes possible most of the other good things we have.