THE story is told of a king whose youthful ambitionwas to gain a knowledge of universal history. At the

end of twenty years his wise men carne to him withtwelve camels, each laden with five hundred volumes.The busy king threw up his hands and cried, "Kindlyabridge!" At intervals during the succeeding years

. smaller and smaller editions' of the history of mankindwere brought to the king, until finally to an aged kinglying on his deathbed a single volume was brought.But it was too late. The king lamented, "I shall diewithout knowing the history of mankind!" Then oneof his scholars stepped forward and said, "I will sum­marize it.for you in three words: They were born, theysuffered, they died".

Such are the overtones of unspeakable sadness thatrise from the relentless turning of the wheel of humanlife when there is no grace-given faith in a loving andrighteous heavenly Father to dispel these sad over­tones and to replace them with the sweet music ofassuranceand of hope. Yes, Jung was right when he de­clared that it is by "faith" which is "in the truest sensea gift of grace" that we can "break the spell that bindsus to the cycle of biological events".' Where there isno such faith there is pessimism, hopelessness, despair-s­the pessimism to which Joseph. Wood Krutch givesvoice with the peculiar eloquence of a sad song in thenight when he says that man has "no reason to suppose

1See THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN, April 10, 1943, p. 110.

J. ~tt~bam '-acbenftttor 1936-1931

n_ ·•.. ·.. ·ManCl9lJ1 ;i·

that his own life has any more meaning than the •the humblest insect that crawls from one annihto another" in the world of modern scientific ;tion in which "the role which he [God] p~ys~~:less and less, and man is left more and m(>real~~.m

a universe to which he is completely alien".2 The~jispirit is evident in the rather peremptory ptay~;"c.if;;Louis Untermeyer's "Caliban in the Coal Mine6~': .

"Nothing but blackness aboveAnd nothing moves but the cars.

God, if You wish for our love,Fling us a handful of stars."

Man is not an animal. He is a living sciuI,a~,~.reflection, of volition, of yearning, aspiration and.~.As such he must have an unfailing spring ofspiri6lalresources. He needs a full panoply of spiritualweapol'lsto wage the battle of life successfully in calm .an.&storm, in joy and pain, in robust youth and in .de­clining years. .

Earth cannot furnish any such sure spring. Its re­sources are soon depleted and its weapons worn. It isclear that the living God must so fortify the soul ofman. Earth's treasuries are devoid of any fit instrumentsto meet these basic demands of the soul. Heaven'streasuries alone can do that. But we face a p~rsistent

question: How can we know that heaven's treasures

2Jose~h Wood Krutch, The Modern Temper,pp. 9f.

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How? Simply thus. At Calvary themost high God gave the greatest con­ceivable gift to men-His only be­gotten Son. Heaven's greatest treasurehas already been given to men. Andnote well, this greatest gift of heavencame to earth not to enjoy the glorywhich was His proper portion but tosuffer direct humiliation, yes, to dieon the accursed Cross. He was notspared-not spared from suffering theweaknesses of the flesh, not sparedfrom the company of publicans andsinners, not spared from the bloodysweat of Gethsemane, not spared fromthe spit and jeers of godless men, notspared from the blood-letting crownof thorns, not spared from the infamyof the Cross, not spared from the de­feat of the tomb.

Thus has God given. Heaven hasnothing greater to give. With tre­rnendous, inescapable force, anotheraspect of the dynamic of the Cross be­comes clear as we ask the question:If God has already given to sinfulmen His greatest gift (and that tosuffer utter humiliation), will Godthen withhold from us any lesser gift?To that question there is only oneanswer, a most emphatic "Nol" Andout of that emphatic negative rises atriumphant affirmative. In the Cross,where we see the character of thisgreatest gift of God most plainly, reststhe assurance-i-yes.: the iron-cladguarantee-that God will supply everyneed for the successful spiritual pil­grimage of those who have acceptedthat greatest gift of His love withhumble and grateful hearts. Therenever was more compelling assuranceand more flawless guarantee. It is aguarantee written with unmistakableclarity upon the scroll of history bythe finger of God dipped in the bloodof Christ the Son of Glory. Mostaptly Hodge says, "If God has donethe greater, he will not leave the lessundone. The gift of Christ includesall other gifts" . We know that Godwill "fling us a handful of stars" be­cause He has already given us theStar of the highest magnitude, andthat to suffer eclipse of its glory.

Let not the familiarity of the Crossrob this dynamic of its power. Itmeans that man, feeble creature thathe is, has at his disposal every giftthat heaven has in its treasury, for

(Continued on Page 200)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

July 10, 1943

"In the Cross of Christ I Glory" 193EdwlIrd Heerema

The Calling of theWestminster Assembly 195

. John Murray

General Assembly Reports 204

With the Standing Committees 198Of The Orthodox Presbyterian Church

Editorial 199

Unfaithfulness 196Lawrence B. Gilmore

Paul, sturdy warrior for God, givesus the answer to this pressing ques­tion: "He that spared not his ownSon, but delivered him up for us all,how shall he not with him also freelygive us all things?" The Cross assuresus that these spiritual gifts will beours because at the Cross God has al­ready given to men His greatest gift.The "all things" that Paul talks aboutcan be nothing other than all thespiritual resources and equipment thatman needs to lead the glorious typeof life he has been describing inRomans 8, the Spirit-filled life, thetruly victorious and successful life. By"all things" Paul does not mean thematerial riches which will enable us tolive lives of creature comfort. Hemeans, rather, the courage and thefaith in God to live in poverty orwealth-yes, to live courageously evenwhen we lose the wealth we have. By"all things" Paul does not mean thesoft life, free from "tribulation, ordistress, or persecution, or famine, ornakedness, or peril, or sword". Muchmore gloriously he means that Godwill so equip the souls of His childrenwith sturdy faith and unflinchingcourage that they shall be "more thanconquerors" "in all these things". Listthe deepest needs of this mysteriousliving thing we call the soul of man:confidence in God's care, courage,power in prayer, freedom from para­lyzing fears, the constant intercessionof the heavenly High Priest-at theCross of Christ we find the clearwarrant for believing that all thesetreasures are ours.

THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN194

The presbyterian Guardian is published semi. monthly from September to July, inclusive. and monthly in August bY The Presbyterian Guardian Publishing Corpora­tion. 728 Sohafi Bulidlng. i505 Raee Street. Philadelphia. Po... at the following rates. payable in advance, for e1thor old or now subscribers in any part of the world pO,tagevrepa.id: $2.00 per year; $1.00 for five months; five or more copies either to separate addresses or in a package to one address. $1.25 each per year; introductory rUe' for neWsubscribers only, three month' for 25c; 10c per elngle copy. Entered as second class matter March 4, 1931, at the Post omce at Phlladelphla, P .... under the Act of March 3, 1819.

are ours? What assurance has manthat the most high God will supplyhis every need and gird him with anunfailing spiritual panoply? It is allwell and good to declare that Godsupplies the soul's needs. But theurgent question persists: how can Iknow that heaven's rich gifts are mine?

What can I say to the patient whocomplains, "I haven't the courage tolive"? Or with what brief but com­pelling formula can I approach thealcoholic who says, "Oh for thestrength to conquer this weakness ofmine"? Another says to me, "I'mlicked; I can't go on". What can Isay to him, or to the man who hasfought for years an unsuccessful battlewith a problem involving inability tobear a God-given burden in the home?Then there is the man who is timidabout facing life again after his break­down. Or there is the youth who.trembles at the thought of going towar. And there are many inadequatepersonalities whose complaint is thatthey can't find anything to cling to forstrength. Is there a single greatspiritual dynamic which we can pre­sent to them? a dynamic which willcompel an utter trust in God to satisfythese gnawing hungers of the soul?

On the other hand, we can putthe question thus: What does thetrue Christian have in his soul thatmakes him strong? The true Christianhas as the bed-rock of his soul a tre­mendous reality, a great conception,that of the only living God who isutterly sovereign and unspeakablygracious, And anchored in that bed­rock, standing sure and steadfast, is­the Cross. To be sure, but-we aresomewhat puzzled. Just what bearingdoes that have on the matter we aretalking about? How does the Cross ofChrist insure divine equipment forthe human soul to live and to diesuccessfully? Yes, we have seen thatthe Cross stands as inescapable attesta­tion to the fact that God is concernedwith the affairs of earth, concerned tothe point of giving His only begottenson for sinful men because "God soloved the world". Yes; we have seenthat at the Cross is that forgivenesswhich removes the barrier of sin thatseparates man from the God of life.But how does the Cross assure manfurther that God will fortify him withevery spiritual. resource and weapon?

195

of an assembly passed both Houses.It was this Ordinance that brought

the divines to Westminster. Thereattaches to it for that reason alone avery unique significance. But of equalinterest is the actual content of theOrdinance as it defines the purposefor which the assembly was beingcalled and in so doing exhibits thezeal which both Houses at that timeentertained for the purity of religion.In part the Ordinance reads as follows:

Whereas, amongst the infinite blessingsof Almighty God upon this nation, noneis or can be more dear unto us than thepurity of our religion; and for that, asyet, many things remain in the Liturgy,Discipline, and Government of theChurch, which do necessarily require afurther and more perfect reformation thanas yet hath been attained; and whereas it

.hath been declared and resolved by theLords and Commons assembled in Parlia­ment, that the present Church-governmentby archbishops, bishops, their chancellors,commissaries, deans, deans and chapters,archdeacons, and other ecclesiasticalofficers depending upon the hierarchy, isevil, and justly offensive and burdensometo the kingdom, a great impediment toreformation and growth of religion, and'very prejudicial to the state and govern­ment of this kingdom; and that therefore,they are resolved that the same shall betaken away, and that such a governmentshall be settled in the Church as may bemost agreeable to God's holy word, andmost apt to procure and preserve thepeace of the Church at home, and neareragreement with the Church of Scotland,and other Reformed Churches abroad;and, for. the better effecting hereof, andfor the vindicating and clearing of thedoctrine of the Church of England fromall false calumnies and aspersions, it isthought fit and necessary to call an As­sembly of learned, godly, and judiciousDivines, who, together with some memobers of both the Houses of Parliament,are to consult and advise of such mattersand things, touching the premises, as shallbe proposed unto them by both or eitherof the Houses of Parliament, and to givetheir advice and counsel therein to bothor either of the said Houses, when, andas often as they shall be thereunto re­quired.

The Westminster Assembly, calledin pursuance of this Ordinance, con­sisted of some one hundred and fifty

By the REV. JOHN MURRAYProfessor of Systematic Theology In Westminster Theological Seminary

Assembly was called.Parliament in England consisted

then, as it exists today in GreatBritain, of two Houses, the House ofCommons and the House of Lords.Shortly after the Long Parliamentbegan its work, the House of Lordsappointed a committee consisting often bishops and twenty lay peers totake into consideration all innovationsin the church concerning religion. Inthe autumn and winter of 1641 therewas prepared what is known as theGrand Remonstrance of the House ofCommons. In this Remonstrance thedesire was expressed that there shouldbe "a general Synod of the most grave,pious, learned and judicious divines ofthis island, assisted by some fromforeign parts professing the same reli­gion with us, to consider all thingsnecessary for the peace and good gov­ernment of the Church". These ac­tions of the two Houses evince thedeep interest and concern that Parlia­ment entertained with respect to thematter of reform in religion.

On April 19, 1642, the House ofCommons ordered that the names ofdivines, fit to be consulted with inreference to the matters stated in theGrand Remonstrance, be presented tothe House. In a few days this list wascompleted. It consisted of two divinesfrom each county in England, twofrom each University, two from theChannel Islands, one from eachcounty in Wales, and four from thecity of London.

On May oth of that year the billfor the calling of an assembly ofdivines was brought in to the Houseof Commons. The bill was laterslightly amended by the House ofLords and fourteen names were added

•to the list of divines. By June rst thebill passed both Houses of Parliament.

The King, Charles I, as we wouldexpect, was not hospitable to anysuch measures pointing to reform. Sohe withheld his assent. Two otherbills received the same treatment bythe King. But Parliament was not tobe frustrated. Both Houses then re­sorted to the method of Ordinance bytheir own authority and. by June 12,1643, this Ordinance for the calling

THE. PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN1943

The Calli.ng of the Westminster Assembly

•. CHAPTER XXIII of the Westmin­

ster Confession of Faith dealswith "the Civil Magistrate". SectionIII of this chapter reads as follows:

The civil magistrate may not assume tohimself the administration of the Wordand sacraments, or the power of the keysof. the kingdom of heaven: yet he hathauthority, and it is his duty, to take order,that unity and peace be preserved in theChurch, that the truth of God be keptpure and entire; that all blasphemies andheresies be suppressed; all corruptions andabuses in worship and discipline preventedor reformed; and all the ordinances ofGod duly settled, administered, and ob­served. For the better effecting whereof,he hath power to call synods, to be presentat them, and to provide that whatsoever~s transacted in them be according to themind of God.

The last sentence of this section. is thedefense, on the part of the Westmin­ster Assembly, of that Ordinance ofthe English Parliament of 1643 inaccordance with which the Assemblyconvened on July i st of that year. TheWestminster Assembly was the crea­ture of the Long Parliament.

The Westminster djvines did not,of course, regard the authority of Par­liament or of any civil magistrate asessential to the calling of an assemblysuch as the Westminster Assemblywas. In Chapter XXXI, which dealswith "Synods and Councils", the di­vines also said:

As magistrates may lawfully call a synodof ministers, and other fit persons, to con­sult and advise with, about matters of re­ligion; so, if magistrates be open enemiesto the Church, the ministers of Christ ofthemselves, by virtue of their office, orthey, with other fit persons, upon delega­tion from their Churches, may meet to­gether in such assemblies" (Section II).

Nevertheless the Westminster As­sembly was actually convened byOrdinance of Parliament.

The Long Parliament in Englandbegan in November 1640 and it con­tinued until April 1653' The stirringevents of this period made the LongParliament one of the most importantin British history. By no means theleast significant of its actions was theOrdinance by which the Westminster

,­\

t

July 10

unfaithful wife. The northern king­dom was notoriously wicked and idola­trous. And Judah, remaining after thenorthern kingdom had fallen, provedas bad as Samaria, or even Sodom.Foreign alliances, departure from God,idolatry, and immorality are the re­peated sins of the chosen people.

The Allegory in Ezekiel 16In chapter sixteen Ezekiel portrays

the foundling child who became theunfaithful wife. The subject is thecity of Jerusalem, but the whole na­tion of Israel is meant. Jerusalem wasa girl-child with heathen background,who was cast out in infancy to die.But God looked on her, and rescuedher from death. She grew to maturity,though in a poor and mean condition.Then God took her to be His wife.He bestowed on her every gift andprivilege. But she was disloyal to Him.She lavished on idols the gifts Godhad bestowed on her, and even sacri-

. ficed to idols her own children whomshe had borne to God. Borrowing theidolatries of Egypt, Assyria, and Baby­lonia, she aggravated her guilt bymaking these her paramours. So grosswas her sin that she became the re­proach even of the Philistines. Ut­terly incorrigible, she must thereforesuffer humiliation and ruin. Yet Godwould not forget His love for her. Hefinally would pity and restore her, giv­ing her Samaria and Sodom for daugh­ters instead of sisters. At last humbled,ashamed, and forgiven, she wouldlearn the true character of God. Thiseducation would be by way of sin,suffering, and judgment.

The Allegory in Ezekiel 23The allegory of the sensual sisters,

Oholah and Oholibah, is closely al­lied to that of chapter sixteen. Buthere, as in Jeremiah 3:6-13, the sepa­rate existence of the, northern andsouthern kingdoms is recognized.

Oholah (meaning, her tent) isSamaria. Oholibah (meaning, my tentin her) is Judah. The first name maymean that the first worship of God inIsrael was in a tent, or tabernacle. Thesecond name may mean that God ap­pointed His worship in the midst ofJudah. ,

Both Oholah and Oholibah are rep­resented as being led astray in Egyptin their youth. Both were espoused toGod, and both were unfaithful toHim. Samaria took as her lovers theAssyrians. Then she took .the Egyp-

iron and the point of a diamond.Probably no chapters in the entire

Bible portray sin in its horror andugliness with more graphic realismthan do Ezekiel's chapters sixteen andtwenty-three. The imagery, repellantto Western taste, is probably intro­duced, as one commentator suggests,with the stem purpose of breakingdown the unrepentant pride of thepeople of Judah and Jerusalem byshowing them the inexcusable guiltand vileness of their conduct: At anyrate, we are shown not only howwrong, but also how hideously ugly, isunfaithfulness to God.

The Historical Background, In the Old Testament there oftenoccurs the figure of speech in whichJehovah is regarded as the husband ofHis people Israel. "For thy Maker isthy husband; Jehovah of hosts is hisname: and the Holy One of Israelis thy Redeemer; the God of thewhole earth shall he be called" (Isa.54:5)·

The prophets from Hosea onwardsspeak of idol-worship and unfaithful­ness to God under the figure of un­chastity. Israel as a whole proved an

'might say, the moderator of the As­sembly, preached. After divine servicethe members of the Assembly met in

'the Chapel of Henry VII and thenadjourned until July 6th. The sessionsof the Assembly were held in theChapel of Henry VII and also in whatwas known as the Jerusalem chamber.Thus began the work of this memora­ble and fruitful Assembly. It was inthe course of the next five years thatthe Assembly produced those docu­ments that are the perpetual memor­ials to its fidelity and the permanentdeposits of its labor, "The Directoryfor the Public Worship of God","The Form of Presbyterial Church­Government", "The Confession ofFaith", "The Larger Catechism" and"The Shorter Catechism". Subsequentarticles will deal with some otherphases of the proceedings and workof the Assembly.

THE ,PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIANI

196

A Meditation on Ezekiel 16:1-63; 23:1-49

By the REV. LAWRENCE B. GILMORE. Th.D.Stated Snpply of the First Orthodox Prelb~erlan Church, Clnci.natl

Unfaithfulness

members. Thirty of these were mem­bers of Parliament, the remainder di­vines, representing the chief parties ofEnglish Protestants except the party ofArchbishop Laud. The representativecharacter of the assembly presagedmuch debate, but it was just suchdiversity that provided the occasionfor the prolonged consideration thatyielded the rich theological finesse bywhich the Westminster standards arecharacterized.

The Assembly was called to meeton July 1, 1643. Two days before themeeting a royal proclamation was is­sued prohibiting the meeting. Not­withstanding the royal interdict, sixty­nine of those appointed met. Theyconvened in Wesbninster Abbey fordivine service, and both Houses ofParliament adjourned for the purposeof attending the service of worship.Dr. Twisse, the prolocutor or, as we

IN LITERATURE, fidelity to reallife is called realism. Because of the

sinfulness of human nature this re­alism creates an ethical problem..Theproblem is: How far shall the writergo in portraying sinful human ex­istence, and in how much detail shallhe describe life in. its sordid aspects?Some great novels, such as those bycertain of the Russian writers, exem­plify realism of a deep and sombrekind that commands respect, andforms in the mind a wholesome re­vulsion against moral ugliness. On theother hand, many writers appear toenjoy wallowing in depictions ofhuman frailty and sin, or in narratingscenes of crime and sensuality for thesake of monetary gain. The critic cansoon tell to which school of realismthe writer belongs.

Holy Scripture, which, because ofits divinely inspired character, sur­passes all other literature in viewinglife steadily and seeing it whole, con­tains realism that commands the rev­erent attention of the thoughtfulmind.. In the Bible the sins even ofGod's chosen people and their great­est heroes are not glossed over, butrather are written as with a pen of

197

Notes on Archaeology

FOR three months Jehoiachin ruledas king of Judah. His reign occurred

just before the siege of Jerusalem in598 B.C. by the Chaldeans. It wasa troublesome period indeed. [ehoia­chin was taken captive to Babylonand lived there until his death. Zede­kiah, his uncle, meanwhile ruled inJerusalem. What kind of life didJehoiachin live in Babylon, far fromhis homeland?

In The Biblical Archreologist forDecember, 1942, Dr. William F. Al­bright has written a most interestingarticle in which he discusses the prob­lem of Jehoiachin in relation to arch­reological research. It appears that inPalestine the broken handle of a jar,with a seal stamped upon it, was dis­covered. The seal was inscribed withthe words "To Eliakim, the stewardof Yaukin". Yaukin seems to havebeen an abbreviated form of Jehoia­chin or Joiachin. It is interesting tospeculate upon the meaning of thisseal. Does it imply that Eliakim wasthe steward 9f the king's propertywhile the latter was in Babylon? Twoother examples of the same seal werelater discovered. Seals bearing formu­lae of this type did actually belong tothe kings of Judah.

Some cuneiform tablets of Babylonalso mention Yaukin, the king ofJudah. The information which can begathered from these tablets reveals thefact that Jehoiachin was then prob­ably a free man in Babylon and nota prisoner. These tablets thereforepoint to a period before his imprison­ment (d. II Kings 25:27). The en­tire period of the Exile is one that isfraught with many problems for thestudent of the Bible. Some of theseproblems, at least, are being solvedthrough the discoveries of archreology.

-EDWARD J. YOUNG

(This concludes the seriesof "Noteson Archreology". A new series of brief,popular studies by Professor Youngwill begin in an early issue.)

the repentant sinner. And there isalso the Spirit's gracious aid, leadingus in sanctification, whereby we canobey the word of our crucified andrisen Lord: "Be thou faithful untodeath, and I will give thee the crownoflife" (Rev. 2: 10 ) •

Application to the IndividualThe individual Christian is solemnly

bound to be faithful to Christ. It isa sin to break one's vows to Christand His church just as it is a sin tobreak human marriage vows.

Christ is the heavenly Bridegroom(Mark 2:18-20; John 3:26-30; Matt.22:1-13). He loved the church, andgave Himself up for it (Eph. 5:2 5) .To unfaithful professing Christians,James writes: "Ye adulteresses [thatis, those who break their marriage vowto God], know ye not that the friend­ship of the world isenmity with God"(James 4:4). And the redeemed willbe seen at the marriage supper inheaven clad in white as the Lamb'sBride (Rev. 19:7""9; 22:17).

"The bride eyes not her garment,But her dear bridegroom's face;

I shall not gaze at glory,_ But on my King of grace;Not at the crown He gifteth,

But on His pierced hand:The Lamb is all the glory

Of Emmanuel's land".

Many professing Christians payvery little attention to church vows.They unite with the visible church,and then forget their solemn promises.Those who cease to attend or supportthe church present a great problem.They may move and leave no recordof their new place of residence. Orthey may become attracted to someother congregation, and give no ex­planation to the one to which theyproperly belong. Or again, they maydrop out of the church visible en­tirely on account of worldliness andsin. Concerning such the pastor andelders have the sad task of removingnames from the church roll, withprayer that the names be in theLamb's Book of Life.

ConclusionRather than cast stones at others

we deem unfaithful, let us ask our­selves in the light of Ezekiel's search­ing allegories: Am I tainted with theugly sin of unfaithfulness to God myRedeemer? Am I mindful of His bene­fits to me? Do I take full advantage ofHis covenanted mercies? Am I a faith­ful communicant in a congregation ofthe visible church that is faithful toHim and His Word?

God is faithful. It is impossiblefor Him to lie. Our Saviour is con­stant. He is the same, yesterday, today,and forever. There is forgiveness for

THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN

Application to the NationApart from faithfulness to God no

nation is secure. Israel and Judahlearned this to their sorrow. Our owncountry, the United States, so favoredof God, and so watched over fromweakness to strength by His provi­dence, needs to take warning from thedreary succession of fallen empires.Righteousness exalteth a nation, butsin is a reproach to any people.

Application to the ChurchThe church must be faithful to

Christ, else she must suffer judgment.A comparison has been made betweenthe church faithful to Christ in theworld and the Grecian story of thefaithful Penelope waiting for Ulysses.Penelope married Ulysses, king ofIthaca, and when their son Telema­chus was only an infant, Ulyssessailed away to fight against Troy.During his long absence, Penelopewas besieged by many insistent suit­ors, whose importunity she held offby every stratagem. Finally, after anabsence of twenty years, Ulysses ar­rived in Ithaca. Recognizing her hus­band by many signs, the faithful wifeweleomed him home, and the days ofher grief and waiting were at an end.So will the faithful redeemed welcomethe second advent of Christ.

The position of the church as theKing's faithful bride is beautifullytold in Scripture in the forty-fifthPsalm which celebrates the marriageof the messianic King. The bride isseen in all glory and honor within theKing's palace, where with her train offollowers she shall ever abide.

tians, and was at length slain by theAssyrians.

Jerusalem, not heeding her sister'sfate, took as paramours first the As­syrians and then the Babylonians. Be­coming alienated from Babylon, sheturned to her early lovers in Egypt.But she will be destroyed, like hersister, by the lovers she has justforsaken.

We see that the prophets regardnot only idolatry hut also foreign al­liances as sin against God, for Israelas God's kingdom is unlike the king­doms of the nations. Israel's existencedepends on faithfulness to God, andIsrael's defense must be left to Him.Foreign alliances, accordingly, indicatealienation from God, lack of faith inHis power, and lack of satisfactionwith His rule.

t

July 10

Home Missions

THE Committee on Home Missionsand Church Extension on June

aznd held its best-attended meetingin many months. It was encouragingthat all five of the new memberselected to the Committee by theTenth General Assembly were onhand for the first meeting after theassembly. There has seldom been sogreat a turnover in membership of theCommittee at anyone time. The Rev.Edwin H. Rian was reelected presi­dent, Dr. Robert Strong treasurer, andthe Rev. John Patton Galbraith sec­retary; the Rev. Richard W. Gray waselected vice-president.

The Committee engaged in seriousconsideration of the expansion of thechurch, which has become a chiefconcern of the Committee. The Com­mittee heard with sorrow of the illhealth of the Rev. Russell D. Piper,which will compel him to leave _theactive ministry for a time, and, in ac­cordance with the request of the Pres­bytery of California, provision wasmade for assisting the WestminsterChurch of Highland Park, Los An­geles, in securing a new pastor. It ishoped that the field in Pasadena, notvery' far from the present location ofthe Westminster Church, may proveto be a good location for an OrthodoxPresbyterian church.

The Committee followed the direc­tive of the general assembly and ap­pointed a sub-committee to havecharge of the missionary work whichis being done among the Jews. TheRev. Messrs. Kuiper, Stonehouse andGalbraith were elected to this sub­committee, and it was directed to en­gage in a vigorous prosecution of thatwork during the summer. It was under­stood that, in addition to caring forthe work during the summer, the sub­committee would plan for the futureof the work and submit its plans anda budget to the Committee.

Plans were made for a very sizableeffort toward publicizing the denomi­nation among those who should bemade acquainted with the issueswhich brought our church into exist­ence, and tIie church will hear moreof these plans in the early Fall.

-ROBERT S. MARSDEN

of THE ORTHODOX PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH

Christian Education

THE Committee on Christian Edu­cation is planning to have its new

beginners and primary Sunday schoolmaterial ready for use for the lastquarter of this year. Mrs. GeorgeHomer, who is preparing the firstdraft of the material, has had unusualexperience and preparation for under­taking this work. She is the daughterof a missionary to Korea, is a graduateof Wheaton College, and has spe­cialized in child evangelismand similarwork. Those who have examined thematerial already prepared are enthusi­astic about it, and it is to be hopedthat the Sunday schools -of our de­nomination will plan now to use thismaterial beginning with October.Orders for it should be placed now, inosder that we may know how manycopies to prepare. We cannot quotedefinite prices, but hope that they willbe no more than the lesson helps nowbeing used in the churches. The ma­terial will be doctrinally sound, Cal­vinistic, and at the same time equalpedagogically to the best that is nowon the market.

The chairman of the sub-commit­tee in charge of the planning for Sun­day school literature is the Rev. Bur­ton L. Goddard, a teacher in GordonSchool of Theology, Boston. He is aspecialist in Christian Education.

The Committee on Christian Edu­cation in the near future will mail tothe various pastors of our denomina­tion a revised copy of questions andanswers based on each of the firstthirty-five questions of the ShorterCatechism. There are a number ofpossible uses for these questions andanswers. 1. They can be. used as thebasis for doctrinal study in variousgroups, such as young people's so­cieties, and various Bible study classes.2. They can be used by pastors inteaching individuals either in order tolead them to accept Christ as their

. Saviour, or in preparing them doctri­nally for church membership. 3. Theycan be used in family devotions, asresponsive readings and as the basisfor doctrinal teaching by Christianparents. 4. They can be used for per­sonal Bible study.

-FLOYD E. HAMILTON

THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN198

With the Standing Committees•

Foreign Missions

THE Rev. and Mrs. Charles E.Stanton of Skowhegan, Maine,

were examined for missionary serviceby the Committee recently, and sus­tained excellent examinations. Theyhad expressed a willingness to serve inany field to which the Committeemight wish to assign them, and theCommittee determined to appointthem for service in Ethiopia. It wasexplained to them, that missionaryservice at the present time will, in alllikelihood, mean that Mr. Stantonwill be separated from his family fora time, since passports recently havebeen denied women missionaries. TheStantons had already considered thismatter, and had taken it to the Lordin prayer. They are hopeful that thefact that Mrs. Stanton is a registerednurse will prove helpful in secur­ing for her a passport, but they havedetermined that if it is the Lord's willto separate them, they will do His willhappily. It is not anticipated that theStantons will depart for Ethiopiauntil word has been received of thesafe arrival of the Rev. Clarence W.Duff in that country.

The appointment of the Stantonsto Ethiopia expressed the optimism ofthe Committee concerning work inthat country, in the face of numerousdiscouragements which have been en­countered. The sailing of the vesselon which Mr. Duff had hoped to de­part for the Near East has been can­celled because the vessel was with­drawn from civilian service. Ominousword had also been received from,Ethiopia to the effect that very strin­gent laws regulating missionary en­deavor were being proposed, lawswhich, if they are enacted and strictlyenforced, will virtually end missionarywork in that country.

The Committee determined, how­ever, to proceed with preparations forMr. Duff's departure for Ethiopia ona Portuguese liner .which will takehim, via Portugal, to Portuguese EastAfrica, from which he has good hope'that passage can be secured on acoastal vessel. A passport has beenissued, and Mr. Duff expects to saillate in July.

-ROBERT S. MARSDEN

1943 THE PR E5 BY T E R I A N G U A R D I AN 199

EDITORIAL

Six Wise Men

THE Supreme Court of the UnitedStates on June 14th reversed itself

and upheld, by a six-to-three split, theright of children of Jehovah's Wit­nesses to refrain from saluting theAmerican flag at public schools be­cause the salute is contrary to theirreligious beliefs. The court thus over­ruled its famous Gobitis decision, inwhich it had held that children of thesect could be compelled to salute theflag on penalty of expulsion fromschool. Continuing the cleaning of itshouse, the court also invalidated aMississippi statute under which threemembers of Jehovah's Witnesses hadbeen convicted of sedition for preach­ing the sect's tenets in that state.

It was three long years ago thatthe Gobitis case was first consideredby the Supreme Court. At that timethere was one lone man, Justice Har­lan F. Stone (now Chief Justice),who stood unflinchingly against thetide and declared that the decision ofthe majority. "seems to me no morethan the surrender of the constitu­tional protection of the liberty ofsmall minorities to the popular will".

Today Mr. Justice Stone is notalone. With him are Justices RobertH. Jackson, }lugo L. Black, WilliamO. Douglas, Frank Murphy, andWiley Rutledge. Opposed to them,and still adhering to their attitudeof three years ago, are Justices OwenJ. Roberts, Stanley F. Reed, and FelixFrankfurter.

Writing the majority opinion in thecurrent case, Mr. Justice Jackson said:

We think the action of the local author­ities in compelling the flag salute andpledge transcends .constitutional limita­tions on their power and invades thesphere of intellect and spirit which it isthe purpose of the First Amendment toour Constitution to reserve from allofficial control. . . .

To sustain the compulsory flag salutewe,are required to say that a Billof Rightswhich guards the individual's right tospeak his own mind left it open to public

authorities to compe1him to utter what isnot in his mind.

Mr. Justice Jackson also said that[there was a doubt whether AbrahamLincoln "would have thought that the~trength of government to maintainItself would be impressively vindicatedby our conforming power of the Stateto expel a handful of children fromschool".

Enlarging upon what he termed"the ultimate futility of such attemptsto compel coherence", he added:

To believe that patriotism will notflourish if patriotic ceremonies are volun­tary and spontaneous instead of a com­pu~sory routine is to make an unflatteringestimate of the appeal of our institutionsto free minds. .

If there is any fixed star in our con­stitutional constellation, it is that noofficial, high or petty, can prescribe whatsh~. be orthodox in politics, nationalism,religion or other matters of opinion orforce citizens to confess by word or' acttheir faith therein.

Justi~es. Bl~ck and Douglas joinedthe majority ~n a concurring opinion,and Mr. [ustice Murphy wrote a sep­arate concurring opinion. Black andDouglas, in clarifying their presentchange of mind, said:

Neither our domestic tranquillity inpeace, nor our martial effort in war de­pends on compelling little children toparticipate in a ceremony which ends innothing for them but a fear of spiritualcondemnation. If, as we think, their fearsare groundless; time and reason are theproper antidotes for their errors. The

. ceremonial, when enforced against con­scientious objectors more likely to defeat~han to serve its high purpose, is a handyn?plement for disguised religious persecu­tion. As such, it is inconsistent with ourConstitution'splan and purpose.

An,d this is Flag Day, 1943! FlagDay in a nation whose patriotic con­sciousness is awakeried and deepenedas never before in its history! For the~efense of the ensign of a free Amer­IC~, fathers have given up their sons,WIves ~ave said good-by to husbands,and children have waved farewell totheir fathers. And those who marchedaway have, wrapped a few square feetof red, white and blue bunting abouttheir hearts and gone to the four cor­ners of the earth with a strange newmusic in their ears and a strange fiercesilence on their lips. They have carriedthose stars and stripes across subma­rine-infested seas, through scorchingdeserts, and over battlefields strewn

with the desolation of a lost and dyinghumanity: They have carried that ban­ner victoriously, proud to live underits folds, willing, if need be, to diebeneath it.

Back in the homeland they haveleft, six wise men-and through themthe highest court in the land-havehonored that self-same flag and theprinciples of true American democracywhich have traditionally been inter­woven with its fibers. They have doneso at a time when the mad dog ofpublic opposition was frothing at themouth. By their patriotism they havegiven shelter to the most hated, themost militantly unpatriotic, perhapseven subversive, sect that has everclaimed hospice on American shores.While the bands were playing, theflags waving, and the green belovedearth was trembling with the beat ofmarching feet, they dared to say to ahandful of little school-children, "Ifyour salute to the flag means to youthe committing of a sin, then by allmeans obey your conscience, not yourschool board. Whether or not you areable to salute that flag, we guaranteeto you the right to live and grow upas American children, to study in ourschools, and to be protected by thatconstitution which we thus today up­hold". In so speaking they gave elo­quent voice, whether consciously orn?t, to th,ose cherished Christian prin­ciples which have their roots deep inthe solid soil of God's revealed truth.

Weare proud of that court, ofthose six wise men. We are as proudtoday as we were ashamed when theGobitis decision was first handed downin June of 1940, ashamed when theOpelika decision was given in Juneof 1942. June of 1943 tells a gloriouslydifferent story, and that blot of thepast has been erased.

Oh, but that took couragel It tookeven more than courage. It took awisdom that could look back acrossthe. bloody years of America's struggleagainstthe foes of her peculiar geniusand feel anew the living, throbbingsoul of the enduring principles forwhich she stood.

Above all, it took clear eyes-eyesthat could pierce beyond the hysteriaof the moment to the Clay whenAmerica once more by God's gracemight stand free of torture and terrorand return again to the. solid founda­tions on which her greatness once wasbuilt.

-T. R. B.

"

THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN July 10

could not be held by the bonds ofdeath. The darkness of Good Fridayis brightened by a divine hand di­recting the eyes of the saints to theglory of Easter, when the Saviourburst the shackles of death andgreeted His own with a joyous "AllHail!" Hence, we may properly re­gard this dynamic of Christian truthas a dynamic of the Cross.

What, more precisely, is thisdynamic? Just what is the victorywhich the resurrection of Christstamps upon the lives of those whoadore the risen Saviour? It is simplythis: in the resurrection lies victoryover man's greatest and final enemy­death. We must not overlook thesweeping character of this victory. Sinbrings death-spiritual death, physicaldeath, moral death, eternal death. Aspreviously indicated in this series ofarticles, sin and its guilt were wipedout at Calvary for God's believingchildren, so that for them there is "nocondemnation". Hence, they areready to enter into life, that true lifethat is found in the presence of God,life utterly free from the sting andreign of death in any sense--for thatwhich brings death has been des­troyed; Therefore, those who humblyaccept the atonement that Christwrought at Calvary enter into theabundant life gained for them in theirSaviour's victory over death. For theChristian there is, therefore, victory-victory woven into the. entire fabricof his soul's life.

In the writings of none other thanSigmund Freud we find death de­scribed from a. purely psychologicalpoint of view in roughly the samesweeping terms that the Scripturesuse in defining death," Freud makesa distinction between a "death in­stinct" and a "life instinct", and"endeavours to solve the riddle of lifeby the hypothesis of these two in­stincts striving with each other fromthe very beginning". In the term"death instinct", Freud would bundletogether all destructive and retrogres­sive processes that work against humanlife in all of its striving for self-preser­vation, in other words, against the"life instinct". The Christian doesnot regard life as governed solely bythe drive toward self-preservation. Onthe other hand, Christianity doesteach that the term death does not

3 Sigmund Freud, Beyond the PleasurePrinciple, 1922.

But each of their instances of de­feat can perhaps be overcome, canperhaps be turned to a future greatervictory. Such a' defeat, properly ac­cepted, may make a victor out of thevanquished. There is a defeat, how­ever, that is far more grievous anddevastating. It is defeat that walks onthe perilous edge of the beetling cliffof tragedy. It is the defeat of ahuman life, This is defeat in its dark­est hue-defeat of that which is ca­pable of grand achievement, defeat ofthat which is capable of soaring toheights of aspiration hitherto un­dreamed of, defeat of life in itshighest form. A human life has a soulthat aspires, that strives, that mustseek to extend its horizons of ex­perience and of hope, that must moveforward with springy step even to thegrave. How dreadful it is, then, whensuch a living thing goes down in de­feat. That which has dreamed shalldream no more. That which has as­pired shall aspire no more. That whichhas hoped shall no longer play themusic of life, not even on that one laststring of hope. Such a defeated per­sonality retreats from life, moves back­ward rather than forward, incapable ofrenewing vision, incapable of enjoyingthe mercy and favor of God, incapableof entering into the spiritual exhilara­tion of living a life that seeks to "doall to the glory of God". That is de­feat, stark defeat, with life no longervibrant and the eye no longer bright.

Life is definitely a battIe, a warfare,especially if it is to be lived on thehigh plane ordained by the God oflife. The Christian knows that hedoes not fight this battle alone. HisGod supports him and enables him.But that statement alone does not yetpurvey the full character of the victorywhich the Christian attains in thebattle of life and of death. There is afourth dynamic of the Cross of Christ,a dynamic that puts the indeliblestamp of victory upon a human life,victory for life and for death. I placethis dynamic in direct relation to theCross because it is intimately, yes,indissolubly connected with it. It isanother dynamic, not of mystery, notof mere personal appeal, but of solidfact. It is the dynamic of victoryrooted in the fact of the resurrectionof Christ. Certainly the resurrectionof Christ is but one side of that coinwhose other side is the crucifixion.The two are inescapably intertwined,for He who was hanged on the Cross

200

Victory!Defeat-what a baleful word! No

man loves it. It is gall to the militaryman. The athlete will have none ofit. The ambitious youth, the hunter,the chess-player, the man in thesturdy vigor of middle-age, all strive'for something that must not knowdefeat.

IIln the Cross of ChristI Glory"

(Concluded From Page 194)

the unspeakable love of God hasdeemed heaven's greatest gift as beingnot too precious to give to sinful men.It means that God, who "giveth untoall life, and breath, and all things",will give to His children every itemof equipment needed to live and diesuccessfully, to live eternally. It meansthat every basic need of the soul willsurely be satisfied. It means that thesoul of the man who so believes cannever be smitten with a vague anddreadful emptiness, for that soul hasin God's grace a Saviour who saves tothe uttermost.

Here lies the dynamic for the"effectual fervent prayer of a righteousman" that "availeth much". Here isthe seal of divine beneficence as ourprayers are offered "in Christ's name".In the name of God's supreme gift tosinful men, we can call upon thetreasuries of heaven to open theirrich stores to us and to fit us for themarch of circumstances, wherever itmay lead, and for the journey throughthe valley of death. Let man make theCross his soul's abiding place-thesoul that has grown faint in life's re­lentless march, the soul that trembles

.before great temptation or adversity,the soul that cowers before the heavycurtain that hides an uncertain futurein mystery. At that Cross let man'ssoul rejoice in the rich earnest ofGod's indispensable favor there dis­played, and his soul will rise high onthe unfaltering wings of prevailingprayer. God's greatest gift is his, heis assured, and therefore heaven holdsback none of her lesser gifts. Thensurely "they that wait upon the Lordshall renew their strength; they shallmount up with wings as eagles; theyshall run, and not be weary; and theyshall walk, and not faint". Thus avessel of weakness is molded into avessel of strength by the dynamic ofthe Cross.

201

death.t's That thesis may be some­what hard to prove in every instance,but it does lend force to our portrayalof victory over death as being theliquidation of life's most grim andhostile foe, with all the disquiet anddread that he can cause to fester inthe human heart.

Furthermore, that person who hasnot looked at death with a steady eyehas not really gained a high plane ofmaturity and stability. Death for our­selves and for those close to us is areality of life, yes its most inevitableand stubborn reality. To fail to faceit with assurance, to look upon thisgrim fact with a trembling dread, tododge its unsettling implications-allsuch attitudes are marks of a life thathas not hitthe stride of a healthy andtruly wise maturity. Life, to be a trulysuccessful spiritual enterprise, mustnot fear death, for death must needscome at its appointed time withoutanswering our ever-pressing question"Why?"

Here is. one of the compellingreasons why Christian Science 5 is sobasically unhealthy. It seeks to hidefrom the grim facts of death and allher lesser brood of evils by denyingtheir real existence, the existence ofsuch destructive forces as "tribula­tion, or distress, or persecution, orfamine, or nakedness, or peril, orsword". The effective way to combatlife's hard facts and cruel inevitabili­ties is not to deny their existence,Thatis not Christianity's victory. Lifedoes' not gain victory by the assertionof a ghastly lie, a lie that may in timeprove itself to be a hollow mockeryas the waves of life's unwanted as­pects continue to roll in, and thesoul that has 'sought refuge in thishouse of foam is dashed to pieces onthe reefs whose existence has beendenied. Ah, Christianity doesn't askmen to hide behind a lie. Christianityasks men to .face the grimmer aspectsof reality, yes the grimmest of themall, namely death. Then-O glorious

4 Wm, S. Sadler, Theory and Practiceof Psychiatry, p. 594.

5 See also Sin and Sanity, THE PRES­BYTERIAN GUARDIAN, May 10, 1943, P:141. This point is worthy of emphasis be­cause the popularity of Christian. Scienceconvinces me that it has hit upon a basicand natural method of escape from life.My whole point throughout is that mentalhealth is marked, not by escape from therealities of life, but by a measure ofvictory over them.

O N these pages we con­clude the series of

articles on "'The ChristianFaith and Mental Health" bythe Rev. Edward Heerema.The editors of the Guardiantake this opportunity to eM­

tend their hearty thanks toMr. Heerema for his uniquecontribution,. No feature ofthe magazine in recent yearshas attracted such widespreadfavorable comment, and it isour hope that the articles maysoon be available in bookform for the widest possibledistribution.

Faith and Health

still have. to conquer the greatestenemy. That foe has already beencrushed. And therefore the Christianhas in his heart a prevailing assurance,perhaps all unconsciously, that all ofthis enemy's lesser children of de­struction will be conquered by thegrace of Him who has vanquisheddeath for us. Victory-real, decisive,final-is indelibly stamped upon thelife of the Christian, a victory thatmust drive the specter of any realdefeat outside the pale of his experi­ence.

There is nothing far-fetched or arti­ficial about this victory. An honestrecollection of the attitudes of ouryounger days will admit that deathwas to us a grievous thing, holding forus a kind of indefinable terror thatno other of life's disquieting thingsconveyed. There is good reason to be­lieve that in some form this basic fearof death persists throughout life. Theminister who visits the seriously sickhas met with this deep-seated fear.Sadler argues that fear of death is thereal dread lurking behind many of thephobias and fears of. those sufferingfrom anxiety neurosis. "They areafraid to die but are too proud toadmit it, even to themselves; and sothe subconscious mind, after its ac­commodating custom, brings forthfake fears and substitute dreads to takethe place of the real and basic fear,

THE PRESBYTERIAN GUAR'DIAN ....1943

apply merely to that event whichkeeps the undertaker in business butalso to every process that destroys life,life in its truest sense as being givenby and saved by God and as lived toHis praise. And over death consideredin such comprehensive terms theChristian has victory, for Christ hasconquered all death for him. TheChristian walks in an utter "newnessof life". (See Rom. 6.)

For the sake of unmistakable clar­ity, let us limit this matter to its mosttangible aspect, namely, victory overphysical death, the death that mani­festly comes to all men. It is clearthat the Christian has a certain un­wavering confidence that just as Christwas victorious over death, so he willbe too. Christ was the "firstfruits ofthem that slept". His resurrection isthe sure earnest of a great harvest tocome of men gleaned from the fieldsof death. Christ has died and risen:I shall die and rise again-that is theChristian's unquenchable and victori­ous conviction.

What does this mean? It meansthat man's greatest enemy is con­quered. Death, the very antithesis of ,life, has lost its power to awaken fearand dread in the human heart. TheChristian can cry exultantly, "0death, where is thy sting?" The Chris­tian can assert with utter peace in hisheart, "To die is gain". And that, notewell, in the face of life's grimmestreality, in the face of life's most per­sistent and inescapable enemy. Beforethis enemy all men must fall-kingand pauper, 'lord and vassal, just andunjust. No enemy of man holds suchuniversal dominion. None can stay hishand but God. And yet, in the faceof this grim destroyer, the Christiancan be calm and rejoice in the victorythat the God of heaven and earth hasgranted him in Christ.

The grand strategy of the UnitedNations in W orld War II is based,in part, on the broad principle thatthe stronger enemy must be destroyedfirst. Germany must be conqueredfirst; then the United Nations canconfidently direct their full energies tothe defeat of Japan. If the greater andstronger enemy is conquered, the les­ser enemy can: surely' be liquidated indue order.

This is the basic strategy that in­sures victory for the Christian in hisbattle with life's enemies-with death,with life's trials, temptations, shocksand tempests. He, however, does not

r1

THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN July 10

Christian faith to carry them onwardthrough the valley of death to theheights of glory beyond?

On the walls of St. Luke's Hospitalin New York City hang four paintingsby Thomas Cole which depict inallegory the theme "The Voyage ofLife".? The second of these is asublime portrayal of "Youth". Hisbody tense with the eagerness of thoseavid years, youth directs his boat downthe winding stream of life. In the dimhaze of the distance is a bright citywith stately walls and beckoning tow­ers. His body leans forward with theelan of the quest. Brightness, vision,courage, zest, beckoning heights­these are the things of youth. Hestands at the threshold of great andwonderful things. He stands at acommencement.

In the next picture we see "Man­hood" as it directs the frail craftthrough the raging storms of life. Thefourth scene is that of "Old Age".The storm clouds are breaking anda bright light shines forth, a brightlight of glory to welcome the battlingvoyager home. That is old age as itought to be, and that is old age as itis with the Christian-the bright lightof a new dawning envelops the soul,the glory of a new commerrcement.But in recent decades the positivefaith that lights the -lamps of this newdawning has gradually been growingweaker as a force operating in people'shearts and minds. There has been atragic retreat from the glorious posi­tive declaration of the Christian faithas centered in the Cross of Christ.There was a day when almost everyChristian pulpit preached Christ andHis Cross in the way that true evan­gelicalism has always contended theyought to be preached. In that dayeven those who had no strong posi­tive convictions as to this faith stillreceived the impact of some of therays of light that faithful preach­ing and teaching of Christian truthcaused to shine in the hearts of men,receiving such impact perhaps only bya process of radiation. But in late yearswe have seen the passing of that daywhen the gospel of peace and lightwas a strong force in society. Theblight of cynicism, ignorance or cav­alier indifference has settled upon themasses of men. Consequently, in the

'1 RuckstulI, Great Works of Art andWhat Makes Them Great, pp. 93 and100.

these factors account adequately forthe sharp increase? One need notapologize for insisting that life's trueresources are spiritual. Subtle spiritualforces, factors of soul life, are basicallythe engines that keep human life inmotion. Even apart from the benefi­cence of God's special grace, human­ity finds many motivating forces inlife that keep it moving forward aftera fashion, forces like the joys thatchildren bring, the challenge of edu­cating them and seeing them estab­lished in life, the satisfaction of publicrecognition, the joy of success in ourjob in life. But all such forces are notadequate to carry life through its twi­light years, when its vigor abates andthe stride of commerce and industryhas passed us by. What then? Whatlies before people when they have no

Book Specialsfor June and July

SUBSCRIBERS to THE PRESBY­TERIAN GUARDIAN may take ad­

vantage of these special discounts onthe foIIowing five. books during Juneand July. Whenever possible, wewould appreciate receiving your remit­tance with the order, so that unneces­sary bookkeeping may be avoided.

BIBLICAL DOCTRINE~, by B. B.Warfield. An absolutely indispensablebook in any theological library. Priceto subscribers, $3.25 (list price, $4).

THE BASIS OF CHRISTIAN FAITH, byFloyd E. Hamilton. A popular andcomprehensive discussion of the greatthemes of the Christian religion. Priceto subscribers, $1.75 (list price, $2.25).

THE SERMON ON THE MOUNT, byWilliam Hendriksen. A uniquely ar­ranged, popular commentary, suitablefor Bible class work or personal study.Price to subscribers, $1.20 (list price,$1.50 ) .

CHRIST IN HIS SUFFERING, by K.. Schilder. The first volume in the fa­mous trilogy by the noted Dutch the­ologian. The remaining volumes willbe oHered in succeeding lists. Price tosubscribers, $2.40 (list price, $3)'

GREAT MISSIO~ARIES TO AFRICA, byJ. Theodore MueIIer. Dr. MueIIerwrites of MoHat, Livingstone, Stewart,GrenfeII, Laws, Mackay, Slessor andCrawford. Price to subscribers, $1 (listprice, $1.25).

202

A New DawningOne aspect of this dynamic of vic­

tory is worthy of special stress. It isthis: The dynamic of victory which therisen Saviour implants in the heartsof His children is not a weapon thatis good only for the vigorous and radi­ant years of life, when manhood isat its peak and ambition is in flower.This dynamic does not grow thread­bare with the passing of the years,when life's high noon passes throughits afternoon into the time of twi­light. In short, this dynamic does notdepend upon the vigor of man's lifefor its power and its luster. It impelsman onward to the very threshold ofdeath and beyond, so that the declin­ing years of life are not left emptyand dull, waiting for the clock tostrike the final hour.

Let me quote some statistics to setinto clearer focus the point aimed at.In the state of New York in thetwenty-five year period from 1910 to1935, mental disease diagnosed ascerebral arteriosclerosis (hardening ofthe arteries in the brain) increased,five hundred and thirty-six per cent,"This covers actual hospitalizationalone, and says nothing about cases'not actually placed in hospitals. In theolder age group, one is always facedwith the rather difficult problem ofdeciding whether the disease in eachinstance is cerebral arteriosclerosis orsimple senile dementia (a generalwearing out of that toed thing we call .mind). Interestingly enough, there isno increase in senile dementia in thesame period. As Landis and Page sug­gest, this is no doubt- due to a pref­erence on the part of physicians forthe more tangible diagnosis of arteri­osclerosis. So .many of those diagnosedas cases of cerebral arteriosclerosiscould no doubt have been diagnosedas cases of simple senility. Variousreasons are given for this startling in­crease: an increased tendency to hos­pitalize. older people, the greaterlongevity of people today, apartment­house living, and so on. Yet, there isin my mind a persistent question: Do

6 Landis and Page, Modern Society andMental Disease, pp. 140f.

faith-it implants in the soul of the. believer a great positive dynamic

rooted in fact, the dynamic that as­sures victory over death. And if deathis conquered, what enemy shall we yetfear?

20a

"The Seminary is proud of the partits former students and graduates aretaking in furthering the gospel amongthe armed forces of the United Na­tions. Fifteen are chaplains in theUnited States army and navy, whilethree are serving in the intelligencedepartment. Two have enlisted forduty as combatants in the army andnavy. Two are chaplains in the Cana­dian forces. This represents eight percent. of all alumni of the institution,a remarkable record.

"Next May the Seminary will cele­brate its Fifteenth Anniversary. Pro­fessor R. B. Kuiper has .been asked todeliver an address on some aspect ofthe relation of the Christian to thestate. Each member of the faculty hasbeen requested to contribute a chap­ter to a book on the general subject

; of Holy Scripture. Today when theauthority of the Bible, upon whichWestminster was founded and stillstands, is being attacked so vigorouslyand subtly, a pronouncement by thefaculty on this subject will be mostappropriate. It is hoped that the bookwill be off the press in time for theCommencement in May. The printedprogram of the anniversary will alsocontain the name, class, occupationand address of all alumni. These andother plans will help all of us to lookforward to this historic occasion. Weurge you to plan to attend.

"The rising cost of living due tothe war compels the institution toincrease its budget to at least $55,000which is still $10,000 less than in1936. We regard this budget as mod­est, especially when it is realized thatcosts are much higher than in 1936and that two more full-time men areon the staff. A little mathematicsshows that an average of about $4,600is required every month or $150 eachday.

"You know of the tremendous andurgent need today of a scholarly ex­position and defense of the Word ofGod. You are also convinced thatWestminster supplies that need in aunique way. Therefore, we prayerfullyappeal to you to unite with us inassuming the responsibility to main­tain the Seminary. We count uponyour aid for we have no large endow-ments to support us. .

"Your generous response 'in thepast encourages us to believe that youwill give now to meet this God-givenopportunity to teach and defend thegospel."

ON JUNE 17th the Rev. EdwinH. Rian, President of the Board

of Trustees of Westminster Theo­logical Seminary, addressed an im­portant letter to some eight hundredpersons interested in the progress andthe support of the Seminary. In: orderto give this communication an evenwider circulation, it is here repro­duced. All communications in re­sponse to the letter should be ad­dressed to Westminster Seminary,Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia 18, Pa.

"In this fourteenth annual letter ofreport and appeal I wish to state suc­cinctly the outstanding events of thepast year, the Fifteenth Anniversaryplans and the financial needs to whichyou have always contributed so gen-erously. '

"The State Council of Educationvoted to approve the Seminary'sgranting the Master of Theology de­gree as soon as the necessary charterchanges have been made. No difficultyis anticipated in this respect so thatstudents can enroll for courses thisSeptember leading to the Master'sdegree. This action of the Councilrecognizes Westminster as an institu­tion where graduate work in theologycan be pursued on a high academicplane.

"Professor Ned B. Stonehouse,Th.D., has just completed the manu­script of the first volume of his treatiseon 'The Fourfold Witness to Christ'.It deals with the testimony of Matthewand Mark to the deity of Jesus Christ,with special attention being given tothe methods of interpretation of thegospels. The volume will be publishedsometime this year, followed by asecond volume later concerning thetestimony of Luke and John.

Westminster Seminaryand Its Needs

and greatest enemy, has been con­quered. Surely here lies incontestableassurance that the souls of the saintswill persevere and that nothing canpluck them out of His hand. Surely,"the way of the Cross leads home",home where the living, vibrant soulof man can dwell in peace with theGod who alone is life. Indeed, let usbe assured that this is the victory thatovercomes the world.

THE END

THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN1943

hearts of thousands there is not even asingle ray of that light which marksa new dawning, which marks victoryover death. And I feel-though I can­not prove it by statistics-that thisdimming, yes, this snuffing out of thatlight has had its part to play in thetremendous increase in mental illnessamong the aged.

The basic needs of life do notchange with the passing of the years.Life always needs a copious divinespring of spiritual resources that willever keep clear the music of rich as­surance and the bright light of virilehope. When the person approachingthe closing years of his life has nosuch spring of spiritual resources, whatdoes he have? The happy vision of hischildren at play has faded in the mistsof memory, the zest of earthly ambi­tion and achievement has died, and.the strut of life goes on without him.What does the future hold for him?There is no light of a new dawningshining through the breach in thestorm clouds. There is only a wall ofblack impenetrability, a wall that hidesa land of dark and forbidding mystery.There is no commencement before

, him. There, is only the death, hope­lessness and decay of the tomb-andthe soul that has aspired has no light.It has no victory over death!

What can that living thing that wecall the soul do under such circum­stances? What does a flower do whenit receives no refreshing showers andno sunlight? It withers and dies. Somust that soul that cannot rejoice atthe bright light that hails a new dawn­ing and that cannot thrill with therefreshment of divine showers of bless­ing, blessings made sure by the earnestof divine favor in the Cross and theguarantee of victory in the Resurrec-tion. .

Blessed indeed is that soul that hasbeen inwrought by God's Spirit withthe dynamics of the Cross of Christ.That soul can rest in the utter confi­dence that the God of heaven andearth cares for him; that soul candrink the sweet water of forgivenessso that he is purged of all that wouldkeep him from the presence of theGod of life; that soul carries within ita compelling earnest of the favor ofGod and the sure guarantee thatheaven will supply his every need fora .successful pilgrimage through life'stranquil hours and its tempests; andthat soul has been inwoven with theseal of victory, for death, man's final

'-

, ;

July 10

The Committee on Local Evangelismelected by the Ninth General AssemblyrespectfuIly submits the following report:

In compliance with the commission ofthe Ninth General Assembly the Com­mittee has drawn up the following planto guide it in its work:

I. The Message of Evangelism.II. The Prerequisites of Evangelism.

III. The Subjects of Evangelism.a. Differenceof Sex.b. " Age.c. " Class.d. " Occupation.e. " Education.f. " Individual Need.g. " Environm'ent.

IV. The Method of Evangelism.a. The Evangelistic Meeting.

1. The Preparation for theEvangelistic Meeting.

2. The Conduct of the Evan-gelistic Meeting.

b. Personal Work.c. Open Air Meetings.d. Child Evangelism.e. Survey Work.

1. Extensive.2. Intensive.

f. Circuit Mission Work.1. Sabbath Schools.2. Preaching Services.

g. Radio Preaching.h. Literature.

1. Types.2. Display.3. Distribution.

V. Preserving the Results of Evangelism.a. Following up Contacts.b. Instruction of Converts.c. Establishing Churches.

In studying the various subjects em­braced in this plan the Committee soughtthe help of various ministers and requestedthat they submit studies on the topicsproposed to them. Studies were submittedby the following ministers of The Ortho­dox Presbyterian Church: Samuel J. Allen,Robert L. Atwell, James B. Brown, RobertK. Churchill, John P. Galbraith, LawrenceB. Gilmore, Donald C. Graham, RichardW. Gray, John C. Hills, Bruce F. Hunt,Edward L. Kellogg, Arthur W. Kuschke,W. Benson Male, Charles G. Schauffele,Edward). Young and by Luther C. Longof the Associate Presbyterian Church. TheCommittee wishes to express its thanks tothese ministers for the help they have sokindly afforded.

The Committee has completed its re­port on the following subjects: "The Mes­sage of Evangelism", "The Prerequisitesof Evangelism", "The Preparation for theEvangelistic Meeting", "Personal Work"and "Intensive Survey Work". The reporton these subjects contains some forty type­written pages. The Committee did notfeel justified in incurring for the TenthGeneral Assembly the expense of havingthis report mimeographed for the com­missioners to this Assembly. It is ready

The discussion then turned to a con­sideration of an alliance of individualsholding the Reformed Faith.

The following proposal was.adopted:"We, the committees appointed by The

Orthodox Presbyterian Church, TheChristian Reformed Church, The Re­formed Presbyterian Church of NorthAmerica, General Synod, and The Synodof the Reformed Presbyterian Church ofNorth America favor the formation of anAlliance of individuals holding the sys­tem of doctrine expressed in the historicReformed Confessions for the propaga­tion of the Reformed world and life viewthrough the publication and distributionof literature, radio broadcasting and auniversity."

There were speeches pro and con aboutthis proposal with no decision being givenas to the wisdom of such an alliance atthis time. All of those present concludedthat a beginning for a cooperative move­ment among true Calvinists in the UnitedStates had been made but that much morediscussion, thought and preparation mustprecede any actual launching of such analliance.

Your committee has reached the fol­lowing conclusions:

1. It is the judgment of your committeethat a federation of Calvinistic churchesis an ideal for which we should strive butat the present time it is neither practicablenor wise.

2. It is the judgment of your committeethat an alliance of individuals holding theCalvinistic world and life view for thepromotion of the above-mentioned proj­ects is an ideal toward which to workbut much groundwork is still requiredbefore such an organization can belaunched. The differences of opinionamong those present at the Pittsburghmeeting as to just what Calvinism is, isone indication of the .fact that such analliance would now be premature.

3. The projects mentioned for pro­motion by an alliance such as radiobroadcasting, a Christian university anda Christian literature society can, best belaunched and sponsored by individualsand not officially by denominations.

Local EvangelismThe introduction to the report of

the Committee on Local Evangelismwas read by the Rev. George W.Marston. The recommendations of theoriginal report as here reproduced werenot adopted, but the committee wascontinued until the Eleventh GeneralAssembly and instructed to circulateits much more lengthy report in itsentirety to churches and sessionswithin the next six months.

THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN204

General Assembly Reports

TH R E E reports of committees ofthe Tenth General Assembly of

The Orthodox Presbyterian Churchwere omitted from the June 25th issueof THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN be­cause of lack of space.

Reformed FederationThe Rev. Edwin H. Rian, chair­

man of the ninth assembly's commit­tee to confer with committees of cer­tain other Reformed churches, pre­sented the following report:

Your committee was instructed by theNinth General Assembly "to meet withcommittees of other Presbyterian and Re­formed churches to discuss a formationof a federation of Presbyterian and Re:formed churches."

In accord with this mandate everymember of the committee met at theCommunity House of the First -UnitedPresbyterian Church, Pittsburgh, Pa., onOctober 15, 1942, with representatives ofthe Christian Reformed Church, the Re­formed Presbyterian Church of NorthAmerica, General Synod, and the Synodof the Reformed Presbyterian Church ofNorth America to consider the possibilitiesof a federation of Presbyterian and Re­formed churches. The Rev. Edwin H.Rian was elected chairman and the Rev.J. T. Hoogstra, Th.D., was elected secre­tary of the meeting.

It was understood at the Pittsburghmeeting that each committee was notbound by the decisions of the conferencebut that each committee could make itsown recommendations to its church body.

After much discussion the followingmotion was adopted:

"We favor the formation of a Federa­tion of Presbyterian and Reformed de­nominations professing and adhering tothe Calvinistic system of doctrine as ex­pressed in the Westminster Confession ofFaith, the Larger and Shorter Catechisms,the Belgic Confession, the Canons ofDort, the Heidleberg Catechism and otherrecognized Reformed Confessions for thepromotion of such ecclesiastical projectsas:

"1. The fostering of Christian fellow­ship among the churches constitutingthis Federation,

"2. The united propagation of the Re­formed Faith, e.g., by radio preaching,and

"3. The dispensing and strengtheningof a Reformed consciousness in Christiansin the churches of this Federation as wellas other denominations by preaching."

It was the consensus of those presentthat the meeting go on record as in favorof such a Federation but that such aFederation was not practicable at present.

205

ticles have appeared during the year andone issue of the GUARDIAN was devoted toChristian Education.

2. Summer Bible School Materials.More than thirty churches last summerused the mimeographed materials pre­pared by Dr. Lawrence Gilmore. Duringthe winter months Dr. Gilmore has beenpreparing materials for 2000 prospectivestudents in Summer Bible Schools thisyear. A teacher's manual was prepared andwas well received by those who used it.

3. Young People's Lessons. Weekly les­sons for young people's groups have beenprovided by the Committee with the as­sistance of the Rev. Richard W. Gray.About thirty-five groups are now .usingthem. An effort is being made to enhancethe attractiveness of these lessons and toreach a wider number of our young peo­ple. The Committee has also been study­ing the advisability of preparing lessonsfor younger groups.

4. Sunday School Helps. The Commit­tee has been seeking to secure lessons andmake available lessons that are both Re­formed and pedagogically more acceptable.Efforts to enlist the cooperation of pub­lishers outside our church in publishinga special issue of their lessons edited byyour Committee have failed. Consequentlythe Committee has inaugurated a long­range program of preparing departmentally­graded lessons of our own for the entireSunday schoolvIt may take some time toprovide such materials.

In order to offer immediate help to ourchurches the Committee is offering sup­plementary materials to the lessons pub­lished by the Christian Reformed Church.There will be three mimeographed sheetsfor each lesson. One page will be in out­line form for the children of the Begin­ners and Primary departments to color.Another page is being prepared for thepupils of the Junior and Intermediate de­partments consisting of questions andfill-in blanks. The third page will be de­signed for the Junior and Intermediateteachers, suggesting supplementary helpsand linking the lessons directly to oursubordinate standards wherever possible.The Committee is arranging to present tothe churches its own materials for theBeginners and Primary departments be­ginning with October.

5. Tracts. During the year 1942-1943the following tracts were printed.

The "Tracts for Today" Series:Communicant Church Membership,

2,000 copies.The Separated Life, 1,500 copies.

. Why the Orthodox Presbyterian Church?1,000 copies (4th edition).

The Sovereignty of God, 5;000 copies.The Reformed Faith in the Modem

World, 10,000 copies.Is the Bible Right About Jesus? 5,000

copies.

PUBLICATIONS AND PROPAGANDA1. Articles Contributed. Members of the

committee have contributed articles onvarious phases of Christian Education toTHE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN. Such ar-

with the work and goals of the Commit­tee, carried on extensive correspondencein the interests of the Committee, movedhis family from California to the Phila­delphia area and established an office forthe Committee in the Schaff Building inPhiladelphia. In connection with his workhe visited several churches both en routefrom California and after his arrival inthe East. The Committee met with Mr.Hamilton in an all-day meeting andmapped out a program of work for thefuture.

FINANCESWe are happy to report a substantial

gain in contributions from churches andindividuals during the year. More thantwice as much was contnbuted to theCommittee by churches during the tenand one-half month period than was con­tributed the previous twelve months.Quite a number of individuals contributedto further the tract evangelism carried onby the Committee. Because of the increasein these contributions the Committee wasable to make plans for the printing oftracts on a larger scale.

While the.operating costs were muchgreater this past period because of theemployment of a general secretary, it isthe judgment of the Committee that thegenerous response of churches and indi­viduals indicates a desire from the de­nomination for a more vigorous prosecu­tion of the work of Christian Education.However, the Committee feels that thechurches are not yet assuming their fuliresponsibility for the task of ChristianEducation. We feel that we shall not beon a truly sound basis until the churchesthemselves shoulder most of the operatingcosts of the Committee and send contri­butions regularly during the year to meetits budget. .

COVENANT CHILD TRAININGTo increase interest in Christian Day

Schools and to provide help for the bettertraining of our covenant children in thehome, a new sub-committee was formedand called the Covenant Child TrainingCommittee. One tract on Christian Schoolshas been issued and is available for freedistribution; an article was contributed toTHE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN; and aselection of books on Christian DaySchools has been purchased to be placedin the Committee's Philadelphia office.This sub-committee is studying methodsof stimulating a keener consciousness ofresponsibility for the education of ourcovenant children in the home and inChristian .Day Schools. It also seeks topromote interest in catechetical instruc­tion in the churches.

THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN1943

to read to the Assembly part or all of itsreport, if the Assembly is prepared to takethe time to hear it. The Committee wouldalso draw the attention of the Assemblyto the fact that, if the report the Com­mittee has prepared is to be printed inthe minutes of the Tenth General As­sembly, this also will incur very consider­able expense.

The Committee respectfully recom­mends:

1. If the General Assembly does notdesire to hear the report read to the As­sembly and if the Assembly is not readyto bear the expense of having the reportprinted in the minutes of the Assembly,that the. General Assembly authorize theCommittee to solicit the courtesy of THEPRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN with a view tohaving the report published in the pagesof THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN beforethe Eleventh General Assembly.

2. That the Committee be continuedand asked to pursue the work which ithas in part completed and report to theEleventh General Assembly.

3. That, in view of the fact that rulingelder Bert Roeber is now serving in theArmed Forces of the United States, an­other ruling elder be elected to take hisplace.

Christian EducationThe report of the Committee on

Christian Education was read by thechairman, the Rev. Leslie A. Dunn.The report, with the recommendationsin the form in which they. wereadopted, follows:

The Assembly's Committee on Chris­tian. Education has held five regularlycalled meetings during the year and hasendeavored to fulfill the instructions givenit by the Ninth General Assembly. TheCommittee has changed its fiscal year toend with March 31; hence the. report herecovered is for a ten and one-half monthperiod.

It is with profound gratitude to God forHis blessings that we review the work ac­complished during the year. Although thetask of Christian Education yet before ourchurch is tremendous, progress has beenmade, and we are happy to report thatgreater interest in Christian Education hasbeen shown in the church during the pastyear than in any other.

GENERAL SECRETARYAt the previous Assembly the Commit­

tee was authorized to employ' the full timeservices of a General Secretary. We rejoicethat one so able as the Rev. Floyd E.Hamilton was found available to fill thisoffice. The Committee's offer of $2400per year salarywas accepted by Mr. Hamil­ton and he began work under the Com­mittee on February 1, 1943, for a termof one year. In the period covered by thisreport Mr. Hamilton acquainted himself

, July 10

fifty-eight persons heard Mr. Hunt.He also addressed the Kiwanis Club atHuron and spoke in the MethodistChurch at De Smet. The offeringstotaled $78'4°' . . . This year, as inthe past, a Bible camp will be con­ducted at Swan Lake, with the Rev.Professor Edward J. Young as thespecial speaker. " . Bible schools willbe held at all three churches, begin-ning June zoth at Bancroft. .

Westminster Church, Hamill, SouthDakota: Mr. Hunt's two-day visit toHamill was heralded by a local news­paper with headlines reading: "Re­leased From Japanese Prison to be inHamill!" . . . A study of the West­minster Shorter Catechism has re­placed the preaching service at theLindgren School. . . . This field isunder the pastorate of the Rev. DeanW. Adair.

Presbytery of Ohio

COVENANT Church, Indianapolis,Indiana: On May 6th Private

Harold Strait passed on to be with theLord, after an illness of only twenty­four hours. After being in the army aircorps only three and a half weeks, hewas stricken with deadly meningitis.Mr. Strait was a charter member ofCovenant Church and had been itsSunday school superintendent for sev­eral years. The funeral service waspreached by the Rev. J. Lyle Shaw ofNewport, Kentucky.... The work ofWarren Park Orthodox PresbyterianChapel is encouraging. The chapelbuilding is now almost completed.The entire interior has been plasteredand the hardwood floor laid. Begin­ning the first Sunday in June, the Rev.Egbert W. Andrews began a full-timework in that field.... The Rev. CarlAhlfeldthas accepted a call to thepastorate of the First Orthodox Pres­byterian Church of San Francisco andis now established in his new field oflabor.

Presbytery of California

GRACE Church, Los Angele~: TheRev. Robert H. Graham, newly­

installed pastor, reports that the Sun­day school continues to grow and thata record attendance of seventy-fivewas recently established. A Sundaymorning sermon on "Why The Or­thodox Presbyterian Church?" was at­tentively received by five members ofthe Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.A building fund has been started, andthe church and Sunday school are

Orthodox PresbyterianNews N'o+es ,

Presbytery of the DakotasA.URORA Church, Aurora, Ne­'" braska: The visit of the Rev.Bruce F. Hunt brought an increase ofmissionaryenthusiasm and attendance.One hundred and thirty persons werepresent at the evening service and anoffering of seventy dollars was re­ceived for the missionary work of thedenomination. . . . The church hasmade a forward step in' the purchaseof a large home, formerly used as afuneral parlor, in which ample roomis provided for the pastor's residenceas well as for worship services. OnMay 16th pledges amounting to two­thirds of the purchase price were re­ceived.... The congregation held afarewell dinner for its former pastor,the Rev. Calvin A. Busch, who hasnow left for his new charge at Steam­boat Springs, Colorado.

At Bancroft, South Dakota, andneighboring towns, Mr. Hunt spoketo more than seven hundred personsin the field served by the Rev. MelvinB. Nonhof. The record attendancewas at Yale, a church with fifteenmembers, where one hundred and

The a.p.c. in Action.The Precious Blood of Christ.The Sovereignty of God (except to

some new students who received "Is theBible Right About Jesus?").

INCORPORATION

Pursuant to its instructions the Com­mittee has secured counsel and instructedit to proceed with the incorporation ofthe Committee. (The incorporation hasnow been completed.)

AUDITOR'S REPORT

The Committee secured the help ofMessrs.Matthew McCroddan and J. EnochFaw in auditing the treasurer's books.Their report is in the form of a supple­ment to this report.

ELECTIONS

The terms of office of the followingmembers of the Class of 1943 expire atthis Assembly: Ministers: Cummings,Goddard, Nicholas; Elders: Gordon H.Clark, Ph.D., Evan Runner. The Com­mittee wishes to call to the attention ofthe Assembly that the Rev. William T.Strong of the Class of 1945 is stationedin Alaska as a Navy Chaplain and henceprobably will not be able to serve as anactive member of the Committee for theduration of the war.

THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN206

Shorter Tracts:The a.p.c. in Action, 10,000 copies.Do We Need the Bible? 1,500 copies.Awake Thou That Sleepest, 15,000

copies.The Grace of God, 15,000 copies.Foreknowledge, 5,000 copies.Christ Crucified, 5,000 copies.The Rich Young Ruler, 25,000 copies.God and the War, 25,000 copies.Are You a Catholic? 5,000 copies.My Church, 3,000 copies.The Precious Blood of Christ, 5,000

copies.Ecclesiastical Doors, 5,000 copies.Life's Greatest Question, 25poO copies.What About the Bible? 25,000 copies.Death in the Market Place, 5,000

copies.A Pastoral Letter, 3,000 copies.

The following tracts were distributedduring the year 1942-1943.

The Presbyterian Theological Seminary,Chicago-Seniors:

The Auburn Heresy.The a.p.c. in Action.

, The Rich Young Ruler.

Princeton Theological Seminary:Middlers, The Auburn Betrayal.Juniors, Why the a.p.c.?Seniors and Graduates, The Auburn

Heresy.To all: The o.r.c, in Action, The

Rich Young Ruler.

San Francisco Theological Seminary:Middlers, The Auburn Betrayal.Seniors, The Auburn Heresy.To both: The o.r.c. in Action, The

Rich Young Ruler.

Omaha Theological Seminary-Seniors:The Auburn Heresy, The a.p.c. in

Action, The Rich Young Ruler.

Louisville Seminary, same as to Princeton.Western Theological Seminary, same asto Princeton.

Wheaton College-Seniors:The Covenant of Grace.The a.p.c. in Action.God and the War.What About the Bible?The Rich Young Ruler.The Grace of God.Arminianism in the Pilgrimage of a

Soul. '

The entire ministry of the Christian Re­formed Church:

Why the o.r.c.rThe Auburn Heresy.The a.p.c. in Action.

Select ministers of the Southern Presby­terian Church:

The Sovereignty of God.The Auburn Heresy.

. The a.p.c. in Action.

.Students at Union Theological Seminary,New-York:

THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN

~~~.-::./,.~,- -

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NEARLY seventy young people at­tended the spring conference of

the Machen League of the SouthJersey churches, held on May 28thand zoth at Calvary Orthodox Pres­byterian Church, Wildwood.

The conference opened Friday eve­ning with an address by the Rev. JohnP. Clelland of Wilmington, Delaware,entitled "On Our Knees Before God;On Our Feet Before the World". OnSaturday morning the Rev. Clifford S.Smith of Bridgeton conducted anopen forum on "The Question ofAmusements", Following the forum,Miss Mary Berger, a missionary toIndia, serving under the Women'sUnion Missionary Society of America,spoke and illustrated her talk by show-

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BIBLE CONFERENCE TO BEHELD AT STEAMBOAT'SPRINGS

CAMP Chief Yahmonite; an annualinterdenominational Bible Camp,

will be held as usual this year nearSteamboat Springs, Colorado, fromJuly 16th to ztith. Principal speaker.will be the Rev. Floyd E. Hamilton,general secretary of the OrthodoxPresbyterian Committee on ChristianEducation, and other members of theteaching staff will include the Rev.Lyle Abbott, pastor of the Congrega­tional Church, Yampa, Colorado; theRev. Calvin A. Busch, pastor of theCongregational Church, SteamboatSprings; the Rev. Robert B. Brown,pastor of Jennings Orthodox Presby­terian Church, Omaha, Nebraska; theRev. P. Von Stillhammer, pastor ofBethany Baptist Chapel, Denver; Mr.Bryce Senter of the Orthodox Presby­terian Chapel, Oak Creek, Colorado;and Miss Harriet Z. Teal of Denver.Camp Manager is the Rev. W. Ben­son Male, and those planning to at­tend should send the registration feeof one dollar to him at SteamboatSprings.

Camp Chief Yahmonite is situatedat the foot of Storm Mountain in anisolated wooded valley. An excellentfishing stream flows through the prop­erty, and there is abundant opportu­nity for hikes, swimming, games andother forms of recreation. Youngpeople of all ages are invited, butchildren under ten must be in thecare of an older person. Special classesfor them will be conducted by MissTeal.

Although persons of any religiouspersuasion are invited, the instructionwill be distinctly Reformed in char­acter and no deviation from Calvin-

. At the evening meeting an addresswas delivered by Mrs. Floyd E. Ham­ilton, for. more than twenty years amissionary to Korea.

Calvary Church, Germantown, Phil­adelphia: At a meeting; held on June23rd, the congregation voted to con­cur in the request of the pastor, theRev. Theodore J. Jansma, that thepresbytery dissolve, the pastoral relation­ship as of August 31st. Mr. Jansma hasaccepted an appointment as teacher ofBible at Eastern Academy, a Chris­tian school in Paterson, New Jersey.

1943

zealous for its promotion. Mr. Grahamis currently preaching a series of ser­mons. on "Things Most Surely Be­lieved".

Beverly Church, Los Angeles: Sincea recent series of special evangelisticservices, there has been a noticeableincrease in attendance at the morningworship services. More strangers thanusual have been attending, and manyhave demonstrated a real interest inthe work of the church .... The pas-

. tor and his wife, the Rev. and Mrs.Dwight H. Poundstone, are receivingcongratulations on the birth of adaughter, Frances Kathleen.

Presbytery of New Jersey l

CALVARY Church, Ringoes: On arecent Sunday a special offering

for the mortgage fund amounted to$477. Two offerings for this fund aretaken each year, and at the presentrate of payment the church debt willbe erased in two years. . . . A largeaudience heard Mr. Adam Valentine,a member of the Gideons, tell of thework of that organization in distribut­ing Bibles among the soldiers.

Presbytery of Philadelphia

CALVARY Church, Middletown:During the month of May, six

persons were received into communi­cant church membership, two on con­fession of faith and four on reaffirma­tion of faith, and four covenant chil­dren were baptized.... Mr. RalphClouser has been ordained and in­stalled in the office of deacon.

Grace Church, Middletown, Dela­ware: June 14th to 27th was set asidefor the annual summer Bible school,directed this year by the newly-in­stalled pastor, the Rev. LeRoy B.Oliver. The school has been an out­standing institution in the communityfor years. . .. A junior choir has beenorganized and assists in the service ofpraise. It is hoped that this new or­ganization will constitute a nucleus fora new work among the young people.

Faith Church, Harrisvi11e: Thespring meeting of the Western branchof the Philadelphia Presbyterial wasrecently held in Faith Church. Themeof the meeting was "Evangelism", andpanel discussions were' held on thefollowing phases of the subject: Evan-,gelism through the Sunday school;through the week day Bible school;and through the cradle roll and homedepartments. Presiding was Mrs. R. R.Stuart, president of the presbyterial.

July 10. 1943

ton, Ontario, was the occasion of con­siderable fireworks over the questionof the theological colleges under itsjurisdiction. After spending a year ininvestigating the situation, a commit­tee of the assembly brought in arecommendation that the MontrealCollege be closed and united withKnox in Toronto. It also recom­mended the retiring of all over-ageprofessors and, since this would neces­sitate the retirement of the principalof Knox College, the appointment ofa new principal for that institution.The Montreal College will not be re­opened until after the war.

A proposal was also brought beforethe) general assembly to cooperatewith a proposed theological faculty atMcGill University, which would bethe joint project of the United, An­glican and Presbyterian churches, eachdenomination supplying part of themoney and nominating some of theprofessors. The senate of McGill hasnot yet approved this plan. This pro­posal caused a major battle in theassembly, most of the opposition com­ing from Montreal Presbytery, andthe whole matter has now been sentdown to the presbyteries for furtherstudy.

The general assembly also ap­pointed a committee to study thematter of revising the standards ofthe church so that the church mayexpress its belief in a more modernform. What this may lead to is notyet clear, but conservatives in thechurch feel that it may serve to clarifythe situation and give concrete evi-,dence of the exact theological posi­tion of the denomination.

Editorial C'ouncil Changes

THE Rev. Professor R. B. Kuiper,who for the past two years has

been a valued member of the Edi­torial Council of THE PRESBYTERIANGUARDIAN, has resigned that positionas of the publication date of the pre­ceding issue. With the current num­ber his place has been taken by theRev. Professor Ned B. Stonehouse,Th.D.

We take this opportunity to extendour thanks to Professor Kuiper for hisfaithful and valuable contribution tothe pages of the GUARDIAN during thepast two years. We also welcome backDr. Stonehouse, who needs no intro­duction to GUARDIAN readers.

ing idols, costumes, and musical in­struments brought from India. Theearly part of the afternoon was de­voted to recreation, and was followedat four o'clock with the closing ad­dress by Mr. Clelland.

Delegates .were entertained at thehomes of members of the CalvaryChurch congregation. Largest delega­tion at the conference was fromBridgeton, with twenty-three .personsin attendance. Pittsgrove, West Col­lingswood and Vineland contributedalso to the crowd,' and the ban onpleasure driving in the eastern areafailed to dampen the enthusiasm ofthose who attended.

THEOLOGICAL COLLEGES VEXCANADIAN CHURCH ASSEMBLY

THE 1943 General Assembly of thePresbyterian Church in Canada,

meeting in St. Paul's Church, Hamil-

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Closely Graded or Intemationll1 UniformLessons and story papen for all ages fromBesinnen to Adults. Used in thousands ofsue:ceosful schools. Send for catalogue. Alsofree prospequs of Graded; or samples 01Unlform if department is mentioned. PG-'1