EVALUATION (INTERNPl) FIRST YEAR PHASE II

of USAID OPERATIONAL

PROGRArmiddot~ GRANT to

Save the Children (USA)

Save thc Ch11dren (USA) pound bull

Dacca Augus t t 1981

I ntroducti on

EVALUATION (INTERNAL) OPG PHASE II J FIRST YEAR

August 1 1980 - July 31 1981

In accordance with the terms middotand conditions specified i~ the agreement between USAIDDacca and Save the Children (USA) when the Operational Program Grant (JIDlSl 388-0045middotmiddot05) was approved a yearly evaluation of the status and pro~ress of Save the Childrens rural development program in Sangladesh is required This year the evaluashytion was an internal Oie However the Grants Officer of USAIDDacca rmiddotYs Innrid r3uxell ~ W(lS involved in the preliminary discussions in which the design of the evaluation was determined~ and also at the end when the first draft presenting the outcome of the evaluation exercise ~s shared and di sClJssed between Ms Buxell i the Di rector of the Bangladesh Field Office of Save the Children Kenneth Forman and the SCF Program Trainee t~iss Alexandra DuVal

This years evaluation ~aS in three distinct parts Although qui te separate from each other these three parts lere 1i nked to the extent that they relnted to different aspects of SCFs program in Bangladeshraquo and all could justifiably be placQu under the heading of Evaluation The three parts are described below_ llon) ith a descripshytion of the ~ethodology that was used for the evaluation

Purpos~

Part I look at Rangunia Impact Area~ note the inputs SCF has nade there during the past nine years describe the CBIRD rodel as it has been applied in Rangunia extract insights ~nd lessons that can be useful for improving SCFs program in Rangladesh nnd also for fac1-11 tati n9 orderly phasemiddotmiddotout by SCF from Rangunia when the time comes

Jo

part II Applying the lessons learned and the ins ghts gained from our past experience with CBIRD in Bangladesh consider what modishyfications (if any) should be made in SCFs approach in new villages which will enable us to operate more effectively

Part III Assess progress made so far towards objectives given in OPG Phase II proposal Decide whether targets specified are still achievable or if they should be modified

~1ethodo logy

Part I Series of visits by Miss DuVal to Rangunia to gather information about the CBIRD approach as applied by SCF past and present Principal methods used will be informal interviews with individuals and small groups of villagers who have been involved in one way or another with SCFs activities including IDC and Sub-cormti-middot ttee rnernbers~ village workers and project participants as well as program records

Part II The following topic will be 1ncuded in the next Field Staff Conference (scheduled to be held July 25-29) What lessons have we learned from applying the CBIRD approach ~ in Bangladesh and what changes if BnYI should we make to work more effectively in ne1 villages The conference will be a good opportunity to obtain the Field Staffs vi e1S J conlllents and s ug0es ti ons on thi s Si nee the cal RD approach 1 s complpx and comprehensive it Jill probably be necessary to take up one component of it at a tim8 in successive field staff conferences

Part III Discussions in Dacca among Program Officers Program Trainee Director and Deputy Director to assess the progress made towards the targets specified in the OPG Phase II proposal

Kenneth Fonnan Director August 1981

Introduction

PART - 1

DATA COLLECTION IN RELATION TO SCFS PROGRAM IN BANGUNIA---PAST PRESENT AND FUTURE

As the first of ~e four impact areas in whichSave the Children is working Rangunia has many lessons to teach us in terms of the nature of what one might call the early model of CBIRO in Bangladesh and how effective this early model has been T~is annual OPG evalua tion exercise seems an ap~ropriate time to take a close look at the model glean whatever lessons and insights we can from it and then consider how we might utilize these lessons and insights to make midshycourse corrections and improve~nts in our programs in all four impact areas

A related issue is the matter of phasing~out Save the Children as an agency is giving increasing attention to th~ question of phasing out of older convnunities in which lIe have been Iorking for a long time and which are clearly able to stand on their own feet Planned phaseshyout from older villages that have reached the stage of self-reliance and simultaneous corrrnencement of middotork in new villages is seen as a natural and essential part of the corrmunity development programs in which SCF is engaged in different countries In nangladesh it is likely that phasin9 out Jithin SCFs program will begin in the villages of Rangunia area

Objecti ves

SCFs purpose in selecting Rangunia as an area for investigation and data gatheri ng is tvlO-fol d

1 As Mentioned earlier to study this early model ~f SCFs approach to rural development in Bangladesh and extract lessons and insights from it that will help us modify and improve our programs in all four SCF impact areas

Page l

2 To collect data Which Jill give a clear idea of the background nature and achievements of SCFs program in Rangunia from the incepshytion of the program to the present ti~ This~ along with information concerning the programs of other development agencies ~orkng in the same area government and private will provide us with the information we need in order to Dresent both a rationale and a plan for orderly phase-out flom the area vi 11 age by vi 11 age

HethodolOHl

In line ~ith the stated objectives SCFs Plogrmn Trainee Alexandra DuVal made two visits to Rangunia area in t~y and June 1981 lier assignment was to start col1ectinq information relating to program and financial inputs made by SCF and the villagers over the years in the context of the COIRO approach The information sources the Program Trainee used included project records in the VDC offices informal interviels (using a standard questionnaire fonnat) with subconrnittee members project participants VDC Secretaries and SCFs Field Coordinator in Rangunia~ ~d Saifuzzaman One of the side benefits of these visits was that they gave the Program Trainee and the rest of the Dacca pr09ram staff a clearer idea of the practical difficulties one faces in trying to collect sound data on the multiple dimensions of an integrated rural development program such as SCF 1s involved in The task is even more difficult in that there has been no systematic collection and recording of project performance data from the inception of the program which is one of the weaknesses in Rangunia

Data nathering by SCF staff relating to the CBIRD approach in Ranguni a 1111 conti nue in Ranguni a duri ng the comi ng months It 15 ant1- cipated that in the process~ we will gain insights and learn lessons that will help us to perfect a simple practical system for collecting and recording data relating to project performance and impact which can be maintained by staff at village level

Arrangements are being made through Save the Lhi1dren headquarter to bri ng a shortmiddotmiddotterm consul tant to Bangladesh probably in September or October of this year to help in task of data collection particularl with respect to data on SeFs progra~ in Rangunin past and present This will be used for preparing a retionale and plan for SCF phase-out in Rangunia Also during the month or so thJt this consultant will be in Rangladesh~ it is expected that his assignment will ~nab1e him to

devote some time to helning our staff develop suitable techniques and procedures for measuring program impact Such techniques and procedure will be helpful next year the fifth and final year of the OPG when it comes time to evaluate the impact that SCFs program has had so far on the groups and communities with which we have been working in our four mnt areas

Introduction bull

PART 11

ANALYSIS OF PAST EXPERIENCE WITH THE CBIRO APPROACH IN BANGLADESH

The OPG annual evaluation in addition to enabling us to assess our progress towards the objectives and targets specified in the OPG Phase 11 proposal has provided an opportunity for us to analyse our approach to conmunity development which Save the Chl1d~pn refers to as Community-Based Integrated Rural Development (caIRO) in the light of our past experience in applying this approach ~n Aangladesh The The time seems ripe for discussing this topic~ with the addition of some new field staff~ reorganization of Oacca program staff and con-sideration of issues relating to our intention to phase-out of old villages and take new ones in their place

f-1ethodo 1091

The method e have chosen for conducting tMs self-examination is to focus on each of the essential components of the CBIRD approach in turn and to do this in successive field staff training conferences so that our field staff can be involved in the process The first of these essenti a 1 components the cOlTlnun1 ty coorli ttee was exami ned and discussed by field staff and Dacca staff during our most recent Field Staff Tra i ni ng Conference 1hi ch as held in Dacca July 25-29 Other essential CtlIRD components which Iill be taken up one at a time in future field staff conferences are

Selfmiddotmiddothelp and conmunity participation Field Office support (funds~ training technical support) Field staff Village staff Planned development (needs assess~ntJ planning impleshy

mentation evaluation) Linkages (with Government and other outside institutions)

10

Page 6

One whole day of the recent field staff conference was devoted to analysis and discussion of the role of the comnunity committee which in Bangladesh we refer to as the Village Development COll1Tlittee (VDe) Several questions relating to this institution were pcsed to the staff who were then organised into small discussion groups according to impact area At the end of the day all the groups ment and presented their conclusions which were then discussed and summarized

Some of the questions asked were

1 What are the stengths and weaknesses of the VDCas an insti M

tution its present form 2 Should the VDe be modified If so how 3 ~hat mistakes have we made in the past in relation to VDC

forma ti on tha t oJe shou 1 d try to a voi din the future

Resul ts

A common theme running through the responses of all of the four discussion groups was decentralization In this case decentralishyzation referred to nivin~ more iMportance and authority to the various subcommittees of the VOC thus reducing what most of the staff regarded as too much power and control concentrated in the Village Development Committee itself The field staff presente~ the following ideas for consideration

1 Control of funds for productivity projects should be in the hands of the sectoral subcommittees instedad of the VDC

2 The main committee (VDC) should be responsible for infrasshytructure projects only (ie projects such as roads bridges and schools which benefit the whole village)

3 The VDC shoul d not have the polter to veto a project which has already been approved by a subcommittee

4 Subcommittees should be responsible for supervising impleN

mentation of sectoralproductivity projects 5 Consideration should be given to the idea of forming project

committees composed of the participants of each project These project comrrittees should be responsible for planning financial manager1ent and irrp1(r2ntation of specific projects

COnclusions

Judging from the results of the NC6t fiel~taff ~eJlCe

the metbod we ~ choampa fIw ~)(_ining the CBIRO mode in the ligtit of our past ~perience in Bangladesh seems to be a good one There was ~rQe sharinq of ideas and experiences Field staff exhibited a high level of interest and participation and a number of insights and ideas emerged which will be helpful to us as we consider possible modifications in our approach to community development modif~tions which will make oor program in BaIlgladampstt more effactiw

Introduction

PART 111 PROGRESS REPORT

Phase 11 of the OPG approved in September 1980 and made retro~ actve to August 1980) is designed as the final two years of a fiveshyyea r program The project pwpose whi ch is somewha t modi fi ed from that of Phase 1 (as a result of the official evaluation conducted in May 1990) is liTo strengthen and improve the major components of the project wherever necessary and also to give attention to better integration of the different components so that the rroject can be brought closer to the idea 1 of communi tymiddotmiddotbased integra ted rural deve10pfTI2nt The proposal sp(~cifies targets under the general headings of Program Planning Phasing Use of Outside Resources and Training An attachment to the OPG Phase 11 proposal in the fom of a letter to llSAJDf)acca from the ijirector of the Bangladesh Field Office of SCF targets (Tn CBIRD Model in Relation to the Governments Rural Development Prorram)) specifies additional targets~ which are included in this evaluation paper

An asse~ssment was mac1e of progress towards the specified targets up to July 1981 in me0til19s held in Dacca during the week of July 10th which were attended by members of the Save the Children staff in Dacca (Director Deputy Director Pro~ram Officers and Program Trainee) Discussions included a Judgement as to whether a given target could be achieved by the end of Phase 11 of the OPG in August 1982 In cases Ihere the ~roup felt that the ttrget was unrealistically high modification ~as recomended --

A PROGRM PLANNING

1 I~t~espect to program planning estab1ishprepar~ the following

~ Str~i~s and imR1ementation plan for each maj~r developshyment sector

Stra~eqies and iMplementation plans have been fully deveshyloped for our Iomens Program (r1ay 19UO) and a draft strate~ for health rlutrition and family planning (HNFP) has been prepared by our HNFP program officer in Dacca Dr ffzal Hossain and a consultant from Iestport Nancy Terreri

After the draft has been discussed by the Program Staff and finalized the proposed strategy will be shared with the HNFP Advisory ommittee for their review and comments The other sectoral strategies (Food Production and Educa ti on-L i teracy) 1i11 be developed before the end of the grant

b Sectora 1 Advi sory Corrani ttee fot each of these sectors

Discussion with Program Staff centered on the purpose of these Advi sory Commi ttees wh i ch a re to cons i s t of 3-5 qualified members involved in or knowledgable about applied development These committees will serve as r~ources) net (1r d~velopin~ sJctorltl ~t(tegis but rather for critical analysis and comment on the drafts prepared and presented by SCF It is expected that these advisory c~m~itteuroes will share their expertise and help us to identify successful programs of other agencies in Bangladesh from which we may borrow iAeas and learn 1 essons

The major obstacle 1e have faced in the past year is time Often the busy professionals that we want feel that there is too much of a commitment involved in serving on an Advi sory COll1l1i ttee Therefore we are thi nk i ng of changi ng the name t but mai nt1i ni ng tile function A group of professionals 1ould be invited simply to attend a meeting at which various subjects relating to partishycular SCF sectoral program would be discussed This informal approach 4i 11 hopefully ensure greater particishypation

Progress The Homens Advisory Committee has been fonned the HNFP members identified~ and the remaining two committees will be formed by the end of FY 1982

~ - bull I bull bull

-

Page 9

~age 10

c Impact Area Plans

No impact area plans have been developed to date for any aret Fol101ing our recent Field Staff Training Conference in July in which considerable attention was devoted to the subject of villa~e plans it appe~rs that there is a natural progression in ~ progrnffi such as ours starting with project planning (the stngc at which most of our field staff and village programs are now) to village planning (which we are movin~ toJards rapidly) to impact area planning Its unlikely that fIe Ii11 have detilihd formal area plans ready for all our four impact areas before the end of FY82 However the natura 1 pro)ress i on from project to vi 11 age to area planning has already begun~ and tie expect that the first step towards impact area planning will be taken within the next six months This first step will most likely consists of analysis and discussion of impact area planning at a future Field Staff Training Conference~ including identification of needs and prob1effis~ resources and potenshytial constraints and sectoral priorities based on need

d Individual Village Plans including scctc~middotal tarpets

To date most of the planning undertnken at the field level has been project or sector-ori ented However the fi e1 d office sees vi1la~JC level planning~ invo1vin) the villagers themselves as an important compon~nt of bottom-up develoshypment planninq Our ultimate noal is to increase and expand t~e vi 11 caer s undristnnci n~ of f ntegra ted development of

the vi11aae -s a middothc1e L veiorr1ent Hhich is ~ltimiddotscctoral

as well as beneficial to all socio-economic groups in the vi llagc As a first step in this regard a uJQ-day workshop for SCF Field Staff 8S held in Dacca August 10 11 SCFs Director of Training~ Mr Jairo Arboleda) and the AsiaPacific Regional Troinin9 Coordinator i tlr JI Kim organised and facilitated the sessions which included discussion about the importance of integrated dev~lopment planning at the villar~ level

Small group discussions centered on 1) identification of existing methods of village level planning 2) advantages and disadvantages of village plans 3) methods of introshyducing and establishing village plans

The di scuss i cns duri nq the lJorkshop revealed that the field staff although none of them have participated in

~age 11

the development of village plans in the formal sense have nevertheless [een applyi ng many of the same pri nci p1es and steps to pr~tect planning (with which they are all familiar) that should be followed in the oreparation of integrated development plans for the whole village specifically 1) information gathering and needs assessment~ 2) analysis of the information col1ected~ 3) fixing objectives 4) preparing a p1an~ 5) implementation of the plan 6) evaluation of performance~ and 7) re-p1anning The field staffs fa~li1iarity tith project planning provides a solid practical foundation on which they can build as they InClVe towards the next stage Ihich is villag~ plan preparati on

Field staff will he expected to transmit to VDCs and villagers in their respective impact areas what they have 1ealned about the preparation of a village development plan This activity is scheduled to begin around November this year The proposed method of implementation is desshycribed in the section Orientation of VDCs (CI)

Hith regard to program planning overall one of the responshysibilities of the Program Trainee who arrived in late January 1981 is liTo help develop project rJOnitoring and data collecting procedures sir1ple enough to be handled by SCF Field Staff and Vi11ane orkers Jfter reviewing the existing forms developed last year~ it was decided to start afresh but preserling the idea of village project files Prototype forms lere developed and shared with field staff during th2 recent Staff Conference (July 25-29)

~age 12

While the forms are still in draft form the basir compo- nents of this file (one per project~ to be maintained at the village level by the VDC Office Assistant with the

help of field staff) are as follows 1) Project Application Form (part of SCFs Field

Office Reporting SysteA) 2) Project ~10ni tori ng Form (one type for producti-

vity projects (nd one for non-productivity projects) 3) Project Participant Form (se class para repayshy

ment status etc) 4) Comment Sheet(~urrent status of project as seen

by Dacca support staff and other visitors) 5) End of Project Status

Thi s sys tern Ii 11 be introduced begi nni n9 wi th the FY 1982 Projects ~r r1ashud Assistant Accountant is now spendinn approximately h~lf of his time in the field trai~ ning VDC Office Assistants in financial matters and checking VOC financial records He Ii11 also help to

i ntroduci n9 the nel sys tern at vil1 age 1 eve1

2 ~ncouraQe a b3lanced program ith Landed FarmersLandless and Marginal Farmer~ Non-tgricultura1 villagers ~Jomen and Children and Youth havi n9 knol edge of and some benefi ts from SCF

SCF tries to work with all groups in the village and not any specific groups Landed farmers landless and marginal farmers and non-agricultural villagers continue to benefit from projects such as loans to small traders loans for rickshaws joint farming projects ~nd so forth These projects and groups are identified in Table 1 accompanying

Our women I s program clOd acti vi ti e for ch i 1 dren have been strengthened in the past year Childrens recreational projects have been standardized for all villages and include sports picnic and cultural activities As an additional step to ensure more equitable distribution of resources we follow a system of a random selection of children in each village Jho will benefit (approxinmte1y 200 per year) In this vay we Iill eventually cover the whole child population in a given village

The womens program has been emphasized and strengthened

in the past year through conscientious implementation of the program plan Three new Social Development Coordinators (SDCs)

have been hired~ bringing the total to seven for three impact

areas Counter~arts have been hired in all four villages of

tmiddotirzapur 9 four in Ghior und two in Nasirnagar All received a

one-week orientation course in larch Finally Para Development

Workers (PO~IS) are presently Norking in tlirzapur after receivhl9

their orientation in the same area~ and candidates have been

identified in the Ghior area

As regards a balanced pr09ramll~ SCF is aware of the

problems we face in tryin~ to re~ch all sections in a village

Therefore~ as a CO~1ponent of the rncent1y developed Standard

Base-l i ne 5urvay Fom (to b2 conducted in Ghi or soon) a questioshynnai re has been d(~ve loped to assess the extent of vi 11 agers I

awareness of SCF as an oraanization The results will give us a

better idea of who Ill are reach n9 (di rectly and i ndi rectly) by

socin-economic group and para He see this as an important

device for feedback at the rresent as well as data for future

evaluations

3 One or I1lOre income-producing projects for the 1illage Development

in each vi11age

This is a relatively new idea for SCF and represents a

serious attempt both to free our field staff from the time-consushy

mi n9 task of supervi sing loan collection as Jell as to decrease

the someti~s excessive balanCeS in the Village Development Fund

(VOF) This large fund often attracts local powerful and unscrushypulous individutlls J who try to control it anti turn it to their

Page 13

own advanbge Therefore e ~rc encouragi no the use of bank loans for i ndi vi due 1 producti vi ty 1roj(~cts _ and vi 11 a9c i ncomeshy

producing projects (such as vi11age gr~in st0rage~ village fish

ponds rental of agricultural ir1plcr](mts ~ etc) as guaranteed

income for the OF Examples of projects which have becn designed

primari 1Y to 1enerate income for the VDF are

Nas i rnagar

Villaoc fish pond

Handltleedir and reticide sprilyer r~rt-31

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

I ntroducti on

EVALUATION (INTERNAL) OPG PHASE II J FIRST YEAR

August 1 1980 - July 31 1981

In accordance with the terms middotand conditions specified i~ the agreement between USAIDDacca and Save the Children (USA) when the Operational Program Grant (JIDlSl 388-0045middotmiddot05) was approved a yearly evaluation of the status and pro~ress of Save the Childrens rural development program in Sangladesh is required This year the evaluashytion was an internal Oie However the Grants Officer of USAIDDacca rmiddotYs Innrid r3uxell ~ W(lS involved in the preliminary discussions in which the design of the evaluation was determined~ and also at the end when the first draft presenting the outcome of the evaluation exercise ~s shared and di sClJssed between Ms Buxell i the Di rector of the Bangladesh Field Office of Save the Children Kenneth Forman and the SCF Program Trainee t~iss Alexandra DuVal

This years evaluation ~aS in three distinct parts Although qui te separate from each other these three parts lere 1i nked to the extent that they relnted to different aspects of SCFs program in Bangladeshraquo and all could justifiably be placQu under the heading of Evaluation The three parts are described below_ llon) ith a descripshytion of the ~ethodology that was used for the evaluation

Purpos~

Part I look at Rangunia Impact Area~ note the inputs SCF has nade there during the past nine years describe the CBIRD rodel as it has been applied in Rangunia extract insights ~nd lessons that can be useful for improving SCFs program in Rangladesh nnd also for fac1-11 tati n9 orderly phasemiddotmiddotout by SCF from Rangunia when the time comes

Jo

part II Applying the lessons learned and the ins ghts gained from our past experience with CBIRD in Bangladesh consider what modishyfications (if any) should be made in SCFs approach in new villages which will enable us to operate more effectively

Part III Assess progress made so far towards objectives given in OPG Phase II proposal Decide whether targets specified are still achievable or if they should be modified

~1ethodo logy

Part I Series of visits by Miss DuVal to Rangunia to gather information about the CBIRD approach as applied by SCF past and present Principal methods used will be informal interviews with individuals and small groups of villagers who have been involved in one way or another with SCFs activities including IDC and Sub-cormti-middot ttee rnernbers~ village workers and project participants as well as program records

Part II The following topic will be 1ncuded in the next Field Staff Conference (scheduled to be held July 25-29) What lessons have we learned from applying the CBIRD approach ~ in Bangladesh and what changes if BnYI should we make to work more effectively in ne1 villages The conference will be a good opportunity to obtain the Field Staffs vi e1S J conlllents and s ug0es ti ons on thi s Si nee the cal RD approach 1 s complpx and comprehensive it Jill probably be necessary to take up one component of it at a tim8 in successive field staff conferences

Part III Discussions in Dacca among Program Officers Program Trainee Director and Deputy Director to assess the progress made towards the targets specified in the OPG Phase II proposal

Kenneth Fonnan Director August 1981

Introduction

PART - 1

DATA COLLECTION IN RELATION TO SCFS PROGRAM IN BANGUNIA---PAST PRESENT AND FUTURE

As the first of ~e four impact areas in whichSave the Children is working Rangunia has many lessons to teach us in terms of the nature of what one might call the early model of CBIRO in Bangladesh and how effective this early model has been T~is annual OPG evalua tion exercise seems an ap~ropriate time to take a close look at the model glean whatever lessons and insights we can from it and then consider how we might utilize these lessons and insights to make midshycourse corrections and improve~nts in our programs in all four impact areas

A related issue is the matter of phasing~out Save the Children as an agency is giving increasing attention to th~ question of phasing out of older convnunities in which lIe have been Iorking for a long time and which are clearly able to stand on their own feet Planned phaseshyout from older villages that have reached the stage of self-reliance and simultaneous corrrnencement of middotork in new villages is seen as a natural and essential part of the corrmunity development programs in which SCF is engaged in different countries In nangladesh it is likely that phasin9 out Jithin SCFs program will begin in the villages of Rangunia area

Objecti ves

SCFs purpose in selecting Rangunia as an area for investigation and data gatheri ng is tvlO-fol d

1 As Mentioned earlier to study this early model ~f SCFs approach to rural development in Bangladesh and extract lessons and insights from it that will help us modify and improve our programs in all four SCF impact areas

Page l

2 To collect data Which Jill give a clear idea of the background nature and achievements of SCFs program in Rangunia from the incepshytion of the program to the present ti~ This~ along with information concerning the programs of other development agencies ~orkng in the same area government and private will provide us with the information we need in order to Dresent both a rationale and a plan for orderly phase-out flom the area vi 11 age by vi 11 age

HethodolOHl

In line ~ith the stated objectives SCFs Plogrmn Trainee Alexandra DuVal made two visits to Rangunia area in t~y and June 1981 lier assignment was to start col1ectinq information relating to program and financial inputs made by SCF and the villagers over the years in the context of the COIRO approach The information sources the Program Trainee used included project records in the VDC offices informal interviels (using a standard questionnaire fonnat) with subconrnittee members project participants VDC Secretaries and SCFs Field Coordinator in Rangunia~ ~d Saifuzzaman One of the side benefits of these visits was that they gave the Program Trainee and the rest of the Dacca pr09ram staff a clearer idea of the practical difficulties one faces in trying to collect sound data on the multiple dimensions of an integrated rural development program such as SCF 1s involved in The task is even more difficult in that there has been no systematic collection and recording of project performance data from the inception of the program which is one of the weaknesses in Rangunia

Data nathering by SCF staff relating to the CBIRD approach in Ranguni a 1111 conti nue in Ranguni a duri ng the comi ng months It 15 ant1- cipated that in the process~ we will gain insights and learn lessons that will help us to perfect a simple practical system for collecting and recording data relating to project performance and impact which can be maintained by staff at village level

Arrangements are being made through Save the Lhi1dren headquarter to bri ng a shortmiddotmiddotterm consul tant to Bangladesh probably in September or October of this year to help in task of data collection particularl with respect to data on SeFs progra~ in Rangunin past and present This will be used for preparing a retionale and plan for SCF phase-out in Rangunia Also during the month or so thJt this consultant will be in Rangladesh~ it is expected that his assignment will ~nab1e him to

devote some time to helning our staff develop suitable techniques and procedures for measuring program impact Such techniques and procedure will be helpful next year the fifth and final year of the OPG when it comes time to evaluate the impact that SCFs program has had so far on the groups and communities with which we have been working in our four mnt areas

Introduction bull

PART 11

ANALYSIS OF PAST EXPERIENCE WITH THE CBIRO APPROACH IN BANGLADESH

The OPG annual evaluation in addition to enabling us to assess our progress towards the objectives and targets specified in the OPG Phase 11 proposal has provided an opportunity for us to analyse our approach to conmunity development which Save the Chl1d~pn refers to as Community-Based Integrated Rural Development (caIRO) in the light of our past experience in applying this approach ~n Aangladesh The The time seems ripe for discussing this topic~ with the addition of some new field staff~ reorganization of Oacca program staff and con-sideration of issues relating to our intention to phase-out of old villages and take new ones in their place

f-1ethodo 1091

The method e have chosen for conducting tMs self-examination is to focus on each of the essential components of the CBIRD approach in turn and to do this in successive field staff training conferences so that our field staff can be involved in the process The first of these essenti a 1 components the cOlTlnun1 ty coorli ttee was exami ned and discussed by field staff and Dacca staff during our most recent Field Staff Tra i ni ng Conference 1hi ch as held in Dacca July 25-29 Other essential CtlIRD components which Iill be taken up one at a time in future field staff conferences are

Selfmiddotmiddothelp and conmunity participation Field Office support (funds~ training technical support) Field staff Village staff Planned development (needs assess~ntJ planning impleshy

mentation evaluation) Linkages (with Government and other outside institutions)

10

Page 6

One whole day of the recent field staff conference was devoted to analysis and discussion of the role of the comnunity committee which in Bangladesh we refer to as the Village Development COll1Tlittee (VDe) Several questions relating to this institution were pcsed to the staff who were then organised into small discussion groups according to impact area At the end of the day all the groups ment and presented their conclusions which were then discussed and summarized

Some of the questions asked were

1 What are the stengths and weaknesses of the VDCas an insti M

tution its present form 2 Should the VDe be modified If so how 3 ~hat mistakes have we made in the past in relation to VDC

forma ti on tha t oJe shou 1 d try to a voi din the future

Resul ts

A common theme running through the responses of all of the four discussion groups was decentralization In this case decentralishyzation referred to nivin~ more iMportance and authority to the various subcommittees of the VOC thus reducing what most of the staff regarded as too much power and control concentrated in the Village Development Committee itself The field staff presente~ the following ideas for consideration

1 Control of funds for productivity projects should be in the hands of the sectoral subcommittees instedad of the VDC

2 The main committee (VDC) should be responsible for infrasshytructure projects only (ie projects such as roads bridges and schools which benefit the whole village)

3 The VDC shoul d not have the polter to veto a project which has already been approved by a subcommittee

4 Subcommittees should be responsible for supervising impleN

mentation of sectoralproductivity projects 5 Consideration should be given to the idea of forming project

committees composed of the participants of each project These project comrrittees should be responsible for planning financial manager1ent and irrp1(r2ntation of specific projects

COnclusions

Judging from the results of the NC6t fiel~taff ~eJlCe

the metbod we ~ choampa fIw ~)(_ining the CBIRO mode in the ligtit of our past ~perience in Bangladesh seems to be a good one There was ~rQe sharinq of ideas and experiences Field staff exhibited a high level of interest and participation and a number of insights and ideas emerged which will be helpful to us as we consider possible modifications in our approach to community development modif~tions which will make oor program in BaIlgladampstt more effactiw

Introduction

PART 111 PROGRESS REPORT

Phase 11 of the OPG approved in September 1980 and made retro~ actve to August 1980) is designed as the final two years of a fiveshyyea r program The project pwpose whi ch is somewha t modi fi ed from that of Phase 1 (as a result of the official evaluation conducted in May 1990) is liTo strengthen and improve the major components of the project wherever necessary and also to give attention to better integration of the different components so that the rroject can be brought closer to the idea 1 of communi tymiddotmiddotbased integra ted rural deve10pfTI2nt The proposal sp(~cifies targets under the general headings of Program Planning Phasing Use of Outside Resources and Training An attachment to the OPG Phase 11 proposal in the fom of a letter to llSAJDf)acca from the ijirector of the Bangladesh Field Office of SCF targets (Tn CBIRD Model in Relation to the Governments Rural Development Prorram)) specifies additional targets~ which are included in this evaluation paper

An asse~ssment was mac1e of progress towards the specified targets up to July 1981 in me0til19s held in Dacca during the week of July 10th which were attended by members of the Save the Children staff in Dacca (Director Deputy Director Pro~ram Officers and Program Trainee) Discussions included a Judgement as to whether a given target could be achieved by the end of Phase 11 of the OPG in August 1982 In cases Ihere the ~roup felt that the ttrget was unrealistically high modification ~as recomended --

A PROGRM PLANNING

1 I~t~espect to program planning estab1ishprepar~ the following

~ Str~i~s and imR1ementation plan for each maj~r developshyment sector

Stra~eqies and iMplementation plans have been fully deveshyloped for our Iomens Program (r1ay 19UO) and a draft strate~ for health rlutrition and family planning (HNFP) has been prepared by our HNFP program officer in Dacca Dr ffzal Hossain and a consultant from Iestport Nancy Terreri

After the draft has been discussed by the Program Staff and finalized the proposed strategy will be shared with the HNFP Advisory ommittee for their review and comments The other sectoral strategies (Food Production and Educa ti on-L i teracy) 1i11 be developed before the end of the grant

b Sectora 1 Advi sory Corrani ttee fot each of these sectors

Discussion with Program Staff centered on the purpose of these Advi sory Commi ttees wh i ch a re to cons i s t of 3-5 qualified members involved in or knowledgable about applied development These committees will serve as r~ources) net (1r d~velopin~ sJctorltl ~t(tegis but rather for critical analysis and comment on the drafts prepared and presented by SCF It is expected that these advisory c~m~itteuroes will share their expertise and help us to identify successful programs of other agencies in Bangladesh from which we may borrow iAeas and learn 1 essons

The major obstacle 1e have faced in the past year is time Often the busy professionals that we want feel that there is too much of a commitment involved in serving on an Advi sory COll1l1i ttee Therefore we are thi nk i ng of changi ng the name t but mai nt1i ni ng tile function A group of professionals 1ould be invited simply to attend a meeting at which various subjects relating to partishycular SCF sectoral program would be discussed This informal approach 4i 11 hopefully ensure greater particishypation

Progress The Homens Advisory Committee has been fonned the HNFP members identified~ and the remaining two committees will be formed by the end of FY 1982

~ - bull I bull bull

-

Page 9

~age 10

c Impact Area Plans

No impact area plans have been developed to date for any aret Fol101ing our recent Field Staff Training Conference in July in which considerable attention was devoted to the subject of villa~e plans it appe~rs that there is a natural progression in ~ progrnffi such as ours starting with project planning (the stngc at which most of our field staff and village programs are now) to village planning (which we are movin~ toJards rapidly) to impact area planning Its unlikely that fIe Ii11 have detilihd formal area plans ready for all our four impact areas before the end of FY82 However the natura 1 pro)ress i on from project to vi 11 age to area planning has already begun~ and tie expect that the first step towards impact area planning will be taken within the next six months This first step will most likely consists of analysis and discussion of impact area planning at a future Field Staff Training Conference~ including identification of needs and prob1effis~ resources and potenshytial constraints and sectoral priorities based on need

d Individual Village Plans including scctc~middotal tarpets

To date most of the planning undertnken at the field level has been project or sector-ori ented However the fi e1 d office sees vi1la~JC level planning~ invo1vin) the villagers themselves as an important compon~nt of bottom-up develoshypment planninq Our ultimate noal is to increase and expand t~e vi 11 caer s undristnnci n~ of f ntegra ted development of

the vi11aae -s a middothc1e L veiorr1ent Hhich is ~ltimiddotscctoral

as well as beneficial to all socio-economic groups in the vi llagc As a first step in this regard a uJQ-day workshop for SCF Field Staff 8S held in Dacca August 10 11 SCFs Director of Training~ Mr Jairo Arboleda) and the AsiaPacific Regional Troinin9 Coordinator i tlr JI Kim organised and facilitated the sessions which included discussion about the importance of integrated dev~lopment planning at the villar~ level

Small group discussions centered on 1) identification of existing methods of village level planning 2) advantages and disadvantages of village plans 3) methods of introshyducing and establishing village plans

The di scuss i cns duri nq the lJorkshop revealed that the field staff although none of them have participated in

~age 11

the development of village plans in the formal sense have nevertheless [een applyi ng many of the same pri nci p1es and steps to pr~tect planning (with which they are all familiar) that should be followed in the oreparation of integrated development plans for the whole village specifically 1) information gathering and needs assessment~ 2) analysis of the information col1ected~ 3) fixing objectives 4) preparing a p1an~ 5) implementation of the plan 6) evaluation of performance~ and 7) re-p1anning The field staffs fa~li1iarity tith project planning provides a solid practical foundation on which they can build as they InClVe towards the next stage Ihich is villag~ plan preparati on

Field staff will he expected to transmit to VDCs and villagers in their respective impact areas what they have 1ealned about the preparation of a village development plan This activity is scheduled to begin around November this year The proposed method of implementation is desshycribed in the section Orientation of VDCs (CI)

Hith regard to program planning overall one of the responshysibilities of the Program Trainee who arrived in late January 1981 is liTo help develop project rJOnitoring and data collecting procedures sir1ple enough to be handled by SCF Field Staff and Vi11ane orkers Jfter reviewing the existing forms developed last year~ it was decided to start afresh but preserling the idea of village project files Prototype forms lere developed and shared with field staff during th2 recent Staff Conference (July 25-29)

~age 12

While the forms are still in draft form the basir compo- nents of this file (one per project~ to be maintained at the village level by the VDC Office Assistant with the

help of field staff) are as follows 1) Project Application Form (part of SCFs Field

Office Reporting SysteA) 2) Project ~10ni tori ng Form (one type for producti-

vity projects (nd one for non-productivity projects) 3) Project Participant Form (se class para repayshy

ment status etc) 4) Comment Sheet(~urrent status of project as seen

by Dacca support staff and other visitors) 5) End of Project Status

Thi s sys tern Ii 11 be introduced begi nni n9 wi th the FY 1982 Projects ~r r1ashud Assistant Accountant is now spendinn approximately h~lf of his time in the field trai~ ning VDC Office Assistants in financial matters and checking VOC financial records He Ii11 also help to

i ntroduci n9 the nel sys tern at vil1 age 1 eve1

2 ~ncouraQe a b3lanced program ith Landed FarmersLandless and Marginal Farmer~ Non-tgricultura1 villagers ~Jomen and Children and Youth havi n9 knol edge of and some benefi ts from SCF

SCF tries to work with all groups in the village and not any specific groups Landed farmers landless and marginal farmers and non-agricultural villagers continue to benefit from projects such as loans to small traders loans for rickshaws joint farming projects ~nd so forth These projects and groups are identified in Table 1 accompanying

Our women I s program clOd acti vi ti e for ch i 1 dren have been strengthened in the past year Childrens recreational projects have been standardized for all villages and include sports picnic and cultural activities As an additional step to ensure more equitable distribution of resources we follow a system of a random selection of children in each village Jho will benefit (approxinmte1y 200 per year) In this vay we Iill eventually cover the whole child population in a given village

The womens program has been emphasized and strengthened

in the past year through conscientious implementation of the program plan Three new Social Development Coordinators (SDCs)

have been hired~ bringing the total to seven for three impact

areas Counter~arts have been hired in all four villages of

tmiddotirzapur 9 four in Ghior und two in Nasirnagar All received a

one-week orientation course in larch Finally Para Development

Workers (PO~IS) are presently Norking in tlirzapur after receivhl9

their orientation in the same area~ and candidates have been

identified in the Ghior area

As regards a balanced pr09ramll~ SCF is aware of the

problems we face in tryin~ to re~ch all sections in a village

Therefore~ as a CO~1ponent of the rncent1y developed Standard

Base-l i ne 5urvay Fom (to b2 conducted in Ghi or soon) a questioshynnai re has been d(~ve loped to assess the extent of vi 11 agers I

awareness of SCF as an oraanization The results will give us a

better idea of who Ill are reach n9 (di rectly and i ndi rectly) by

socin-economic group and para He see this as an important

device for feedback at the rresent as well as data for future

evaluations

3 One or I1lOre income-producing projects for the 1illage Development

in each vi11age

This is a relatively new idea for SCF and represents a

serious attempt both to free our field staff from the time-consushy

mi n9 task of supervi sing loan collection as Jell as to decrease

the someti~s excessive balanCeS in the Village Development Fund

(VOF) This large fund often attracts local powerful and unscrushypulous individutlls J who try to control it anti turn it to their

Page 13

own advanbge Therefore e ~rc encouragi no the use of bank loans for i ndi vi due 1 producti vi ty 1roj(~cts _ and vi 11 a9c i ncomeshy

producing projects (such as vi11age gr~in st0rage~ village fish

ponds rental of agricultural ir1plcr](mts ~ etc) as guaranteed

income for the OF Examples of projects which have becn designed

primari 1Y to 1enerate income for the VDF are

Nas i rnagar

Villaoc fish pond

Handltleedir and reticide sprilyer r~rt-31

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

part II Applying the lessons learned and the ins ghts gained from our past experience with CBIRD in Bangladesh consider what modishyfications (if any) should be made in SCFs approach in new villages which will enable us to operate more effectively

Part III Assess progress made so far towards objectives given in OPG Phase II proposal Decide whether targets specified are still achievable or if they should be modified

~1ethodo logy

Part I Series of visits by Miss DuVal to Rangunia to gather information about the CBIRD approach as applied by SCF past and present Principal methods used will be informal interviews with individuals and small groups of villagers who have been involved in one way or another with SCFs activities including IDC and Sub-cormti-middot ttee rnernbers~ village workers and project participants as well as program records

Part II The following topic will be 1ncuded in the next Field Staff Conference (scheduled to be held July 25-29) What lessons have we learned from applying the CBIRD approach ~ in Bangladesh and what changes if BnYI should we make to work more effectively in ne1 villages The conference will be a good opportunity to obtain the Field Staffs vi e1S J conlllents and s ug0es ti ons on thi s Si nee the cal RD approach 1 s complpx and comprehensive it Jill probably be necessary to take up one component of it at a tim8 in successive field staff conferences

Part III Discussions in Dacca among Program Officers Program Trainee Director and Deputy Director to assess the progress made towards the targets specified in the OPG Phase II proposal

Kenneth Fonnan Director August 1981

Introduction

PART - 1

DATA COLLECTION IN RELATION TO SCFS PROGRAM IN BANGUNIA---PAST PRESENT AND FUTURE

As the first of ~e four impact areas in whichSave the Children is working Rangunia has many lessons to teach us in terms of the nature of what one might call the early model of CBIRO in Bangladesh and how effective this early model has been T~is annual OPG evalua tion exercise seems an ap~ropriate time to take a close look at the model glean whatever lessons and insights we can from it and then consider how we might utilize these lessons and insights to make midshycourse corrections and improve~nts in our programs in all four impact areas

A related issue is the matter of phasing~out Save the Children as an agency is giving increasing attention to th~ question of phasing out of older convnunities in which lIe have been Iorking for a long time and which are clearly able to stand on their own feet Planned phaseshyout from older villages that have reached the stage of self-reliance and simultaneous corrrnencement of middotork in new villages is seen as a natural and essential part of the corrmunity development programs in which SCF is engaged in different countries In nangladesh it is likely that phasin9 out Jithin SCFs program will begin in the villages of Rangunia area

Objecti ves

SCFs purpose in selecting Rangunia as an area for investigation and data gatheri ng is tvlO-fol d

1 As Mentioned earlier to study this early model ~f SCFs approach to rural development in Bangladesh and extract lessons and insights from it that will help us modify and improve our programs in all four SCF impact areas

Page l

2 To collect data Which Jill give a clear idea of the background nature and achievements of SCFs program in Rangunia from the incepshytion of the program to the present ti~ This~ along with information concerning the programs of other development agencies ~orkng in the same area government and private will provide us with the information we need in order to Dresent both a rationale and a plan for orderly phase-out flom the area vi 11 age by vi 11 age

HethodolOHl

In line ~ith the stated objectives SCFs Plogrmn Trainee Alexandra DuVal made two visits to Rangunia area in t~y and June 1981 lier assignment was to start col1ectinq information relating to program and financial inputs made by SCF and the villagers over the years in the context of the COIRO approach The information sources the Program Trainee used included project records in the VDC offices informal interviels (using a standard questionnaire fonnat) with subconrnittee members project participants VDC Secretaries and SCFs Field Coordinator in Rangunia~ ~d Saifuzzaman One of the side benefits of these visits was that they gave the Program Trainee and the rest of the Dacca pr09ram staff a clearer idea of the practical difficulties one faces in trying to collect sound data on the multiple dimensions of an integrated rural development program such as SCF 1s involved in The task is even more difficult in that there has been no systematic collection and recording of project performance data from the inception of the program which is one of the weaknesses in Rangunia

Data nathering by SCF staff relating to the CBIRD approach in Ranguni a 1111 conti nue in Ranguni a duri ng the comi ng months It 15 ant1- cipated that in the process~ we will gain insights and learn lessons that will help us to perfect a simple practical system for collecting and recording data relating to project performance and impact which can be maintained by staff at village level

Arrangements are being made through Save the Lhi1dren headquarter to bri ng a shortmiddotmiddotterm consul tant to Bangladesh probably in September or October of this year to help in task of data collection particularl with respect to data on SeFs progra~ in Rangunin past and present This will be used for preparing a retionale and plan for SCF phase-out in Rangunia Also during the month or so thJt this consultant will be in Rangladesh~ it is expected that his assignment will ~nab1e him to

devote some time to helning our staff develop suitable techniques and procedures for measuring program impact Such techniques and procedure will be helpful next year the fifth and final year of the OPG when it comes time to evaluate the impact that SCFs program has had so far on the groups and communities with which we have been working in our four mnt areas

Introduction bull

PART 11

ANALYSIS OF PAST EXPERIENCE WITH THE CBIRO APPROACH IN BANGLADESH

The OPG annual evaluation in addition to enabling us to assess our progress towards the objectives and targets specified in the OPG Phase 11 proposal has provided an opportunity for us to analyse our approach to conmunity development which Save the Chl1d~pn refers to as Community-Based Integrated Rural Development (caIRO) in the light of our past experience in applying this approach ~n Aangladesh The The time seems ripe for discussing this topic~ with the addition of some new field staff~ reorganization of Oacca program staff and con-sideration of issues relating to our intention to phase-out of old villages and take new ones in their place

f-1ethodo 1091

The method e have chosen for conducting tMs self-examination is to focus on each of the essential components of the CBIRD approach in turn and to do this in successive field staff training conferences so that our field staff can be involved in the process The first of these essenti a 1 components the cOlTlnun1 ty coorli ttee was exami ned and discussed by field staff and Dacca staff during our most recent Field Staff Tra i ni ng Conference 1hi ch as held in Dacca July 25-29 Other essential CtlIRD components which Iill be taken up one at a time in future field staff conferences are

Selfmiddotmiddothelp and conmunity participation Field Office support (funds~ training technical support) Field staff Village staff Planned development (needs assess~ntJ planning impleshy

mentation evaluation) Linkages (with Government and other outside institutions)

10

Page 6

One whole day of the recent field staff conference was devoted to analysis and discussion of the role of the comnunity committee which in Bangladesh we refer to as the Village Development COll1Tlittee (VDe) Several questions relating to this institution were pcsed to the staff who were then organised into small discussion groups according to impact area At the end of the day all the groups ment and presented their conclusions which were then discussed and summarized

Some of the questions asked were

1 What are the stengths and weaknesses of the VDCas an insti M

tution its present form 2 Should the VDe be modified If so how 3 ~hat mistakes have we made in the past in relation to VDC

forma ti on tha t oJe shou 1 d try to a voi din the future

Resul ts

A common theme running through the responses of all of the four discussion groups was decentralization In this case decentralishyzation referred to nivin~ more iMportance and authority to the various subcommittees of the VOC thus reducing what most of the staff regarded as too much power and control concentrated in the Village Development Committee itself The field staff presente~ the following ideas for consideration

1 Control of funds for productivity projects should be in the hands of the sectoral subcommittees instedad of the VDC

2 The main committee (VDC) should be responsible for infrasshytructure projects only (ie projects such as roads bridges and schools which benefit the whole village)

3 The VDC shoul d not have the polter to veto a project which has already been approved by a subcommittee

4 Subcommittees should be responsible for supervising impleN

mentation of sectoralproductivity projects 5 Consideration should be given to the idea of forming project

committees composed of the participants of each project These project comrrittees should be responsible for planning financial manager1ent and irrp1(r2ntation of specific projects

COnclusions

Judging from the results of the NC6t fiel~taff ~eJlCe

the metbod we ~ choampa fIw ~)(_ining the CBIRO mode in the ligtit of our past ~perience in Bangladesh seems to be a good one There was ~rQe sharinq of ideas and experiences Field staff exhibited a high level of interest and participation and a number of insights and ideas emerged which will be helpful to us as we consider possible modifications in our approach to community development modif~tions which will make oor program in BaIlgladampstt more effactiw

Introduction

PART 111 PROGRESS REPORT

Phase 11 of the OPG approved in September 1980 and made retro~ actve to August 1980) is designed as the final two years of a fiveshyyea r program The project pwpose whi ch is somewha t modi fi ed from that of Phase 1 (as a result of the official evaluation conducted in May 1990) is liTo strengthen and improve the major components of the project wherever necessary and also to give attention to better integration of the different components so that the rroject can be brought closer to the idea 1 of communi tymiddotmiddotbased integra ted rural deve10pfTI2nt The proposal sp(~cifies targets under the general headings of Program Planning Phasing Use of Outside Resources and Training An attachment to the OPG Phase 11 proposal in the fom of a letter to llSAJDf)acca from the ijirector of the Bangladesh Field Office of SCF targets (Tn CBIRD Model in Relation to the Governments Rural Development Prorram)) specifies additional targets~ which are included in this evaluation paper

An asse~ssment was mac1e of progress towards the specified targets up to July 1981 in me0til19s held in Dacca during the week of July 10th which were attended by members of the Save the Children staff in Dacca (Director Deputy Director Pro~ram Officers and Program Trainee) Discussions included a Judgement as to whether a given target could be achieved by the end of Phase 11 of the OPG in August 1982 In cases Ihere the ~roup felt that the ttrget was unrealistically high modification ~as recomended --

A PROGRM PLANNING

1 I~t~espect to program planning estab1ishprepar~ the following

~ Str~i~s and imR1ementation plan for each maj~r developshyment sector

Stra~eqies and iMplementation plans have been fully deveshyloped for our Iomens Program (r1ay 19UO) and a draft strate~ for health rlutrition and family planning (HNFP) has been prepared by our HNFP program officer in Dacca Dr ffzal Hossain and a consultant from Iestport Nancy Terreri

After the draft has been discussed by the Program Staff and finalized the proposed strategy will be shared with the HNFP Advisory ommittee for their review and comments The other sectoral strategies (Food Production and Educa ti on-L i teracy) 1i11 be developed before the end of the grant

b Sectora 1 Advi sory Corrani ttee fot each of these sectors

Discussion with Program Staff centered on the purpose of these Advi sory Commi ttees wh i ch a re to cons i s t of 3-5 qualified members involved in or knowledgable about applied development These committees will serve as r~ources) net (1r d~velopin~ sJctorltl ~t(tegis but rather for critical analysis and comment on the drafts prepared and presented by SCF It is expected that these advisory c~m~itteuroes will share their expertise and help us to identify successful programs of other agencies in Bangladesh from which we may borrow iAeas and learn 1 essons

The major obstacle 1e have faced in the past year is time Often the busy professionals that we want feel that there is too much of a commitment involved in serving on an Advi sory COll1l1i ttee Therefore we are thi nk i ng of changi ng the name t but mai nt1i ni ng tile function A group of professionals 1ould be invited simply to attend a meeting at which various subjects relating to partishycular SCF sectoral program would be discussed This informal approach 4i 11 hopefully ensure greater particishypation

Progress The Homens Advisory Committee has been fonned the HNFP members identified~ and the remaining two committees will be formed by the end of FY 1982

~ - bull I bull bull

-

Page 9

~age 10

c Impact Area Plans

No impact area plans have been developed to date for any aret Fol101ing our recent Field Staff Training Conference in July in which considerable attention was devoted to the subject of villa~e plans it appe~rs that there is a natural progression in ~ progrnffi such as ours starting with project planning (the stngc at which most of our field staff and village programs are now) to village planning (which we are movin~ toJards rapidly) to impact area planning Its unlikely that fIe Ii11 have detilihd formal area plans ready for all our four impact areas before the end of FY82 However the natura 1 pro)ress i on from project to vi 11 age to area planning has already begun~ and tie expect that the first step towards impact area planning will be taken within the next six months This first step will most likely consists of analysis and discussion of impact area planning at a future Field Staff Training Conference~ including identification of needs and prob1effis~ resources and potenshytial constraints and sectoral priorities based on need

d Individual Village Plans including scctc~middotal tarpets

To date most of the planning undertnken at the field level has been project or sector-ori ented However the fi e1 d office sees vi1la~JC level planning~ invo1vin) the villagers themselves as an important compon~nt of bottom-up develoshypment planninq Our ultimate noal is to increase and expand t~e vi 11 caer s undristnnci n~ of f ntegra ted development of

the vi11aae -s a middothc1e L veiorr1ent Hhich is ~ltimiddotscctoral

as well as beneficial to all socio-economic groups in the vi llagc As a first step in this regard a uJQ-day workshop for SCF Field Staff 8S held in Dacca August 10 11 SCFs Director of Training~ Mr Jairo Arboleda) and the AsiaPacific Regional Troinin9 Coordinator i tlr JI Kim organised and facilitated the sessions which included discussion about the importance of integrated dev~lopment planning at the villar~ level

Small group discussions centered on 1) identification of existing methods of village level planning 2) advantages and disadvantages of village plans 3) methods of introshyducing and establishing village plans

The di scuss i cns duri nq the lJorkshop revealed that the field staff although none of them have participated in

~age 11

the development of village plans in the formal sense have nevertheless [een applyi ng many of the same pri nci p1es and steps to pr~tect planning (with which they are all familiar) that should be followed in the oreparation of integrated development plans for the whole village specifically 1) information gathering and needs assessment~ 2) analysis of the information col1ected~ 3) fixing objectives 4) preparing a p1an~ 5) implementation of the plan 6) evaluation of performance~ and 7) re-p1anning The field staffs fa~li1iarity tith project planning provides a solid practical foundation on which they can build as they InClVe towards the next stage Ihich is villag~ plan preparati on

Field staff will he expected to transmit to VDCs and villagers in their respective impact areas what they have 1ealned about the preparation of a village development plan This activity is scheduled to begin around November this year The proposed method of implementation is desshycribed in the section Orientation of VDCs (CI)

Hith regard to program planning overall one of the responshysibilities of the Program Trainee who arrived in late January 1981 is liTo help develop project rJOnitoring and data collecting procedures sir1ple enough to be handled by SCF Field Staff and Vi11ane orkers Jfter reviewing the existing forms developed last year~ it was decided to start afresh but preserling the idea of village project files Prototype forms lere developed and shared with field staff during th2 recent Staff Conference (July 25-29)

~age 12

While the forms are still in draft form the basir compo- nents of this file (one per project~ to be maintained at the village level by the VDC Office Assistant with the

help of field staff) are as follows 1) Project Application Form (part of SCFs Field

Office Reporting SysteA) 2) Project ~10ni tori ng Form (one type for producti-

vity projects (nd one for non-productivity projects) 3) Project Participant Form (se class para repayshy

ment status etc) 4) Comment Sheet(~urrent status of project as seen

by Dacca support staff and other visitors) 5) End of Project Status

Thi s sys tern Ii 11 be introduced begi nni n9 wi th the FY 1982 Projects ~r r1ashud Assistant Accountant is now spendinn approximately h~lf of his time in the field trai~ ning VDC Office Assistants in financial matters and checking VOC financial records He Ii11 also help to

i ntroduci n9 the nel sys tern at vil1 age 1 eve1

2 ~ncouraQe a b3lanced program ith Landed FarmersLandless and Marginal Farmer~ Non-tgricultura1 villagers ~Jomen and Children and Youth havi n9 knol edge of and some benefi ts from SCF

SCF tries to work with all groups in the village and not any specific groups Landed farmers landless and marginal farmers and non-agricultural villagers continue to benefit from projects such as loans to small traders loans for rickshaws joint farming projects ~nd so forth These projects and groups are identified in Table 1 accompanying

Our women I s program clOd acti vi ti e for ch i 1 dren have been strengthened in the past year Childrens recreational projects have been standardized for all villages and include sports picnic and cultural activities As an additional step to ensure more equitable distribution of resources we follow a system of a random selection of children in each village Jho will benefit (approxinmte1y 200 per year) In this vay we Iill eventually cover the whole child population in a given village

The womens program has been emphasized and strengthened

in the past year through conscientious implementation of the program plan Three new Social Development Coordinators (SDCs)

have been hired~ bringing the total to seven for three impact

areas Counter~arts have been hired in all four villages of

tmiddotirzapur 9 four in Ghior und two in Nasirnagar All received a

one-week orientation course in larch Finally Para Development

Workers (PO~IS) are presently Norking in tlirzapur after receivhl9

their orientation in the same area~ and candidates have been

identified in the Ghior area

As regards a balanced pr09ramll~ SCF is aware of the

problems we face in tryin~ to re~ch all sections in a village

Therefore~ as a CO~1ponent of the rncent1y developed Standard

Base-l i ne 5urvay Fom (to b2 conducted in Ghi or soon) a questioshynnai re has been d(~ve loped to assess the extent of vi 11 agers I

awareness of SCF as an oraanization The results will give us a

better idea of who Ill are reach n9 (di rectly and i ndi rectly) by

socin-economic group and para He see this as an important

device for feedback at the rresent as well as data for future

evaluations

3 One or I1lOre income-producing projects for the 1illage Development

in each vi11age

This is a relatively new idea for SCF and represents a

serious attempt both to free our field staff from the time-consushy

mi n9 task of supervi sing loan collection as Jell as to decrease

the someti~s excessive balanCeS in the Village Development Fund

(VOF) This large fund often attracts local powerful and unscrushypulous individutlls J who try to control it anti turn it to their

Page 13

own advanbge Therefore e ~rc encouragi no the use of bank loans for i ndi vi due 1 producti vi ty 1roj(~cts _ and vi 11 a9c i ncomeshy

producing projects (such as vi11age gr~in st0rage~ village fish

ponds rental of agricultural ir1plcr](mts ~ etc) as guaranteed

income for the OF Examples of projects which have becn designed

primari 1Y to 1enerate income for the VDF are

Nas i rnagar

Villaoc fish pond

Handltleedir and reticide sprilyer r~rt-31

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

Introduction

PART - 1

DATA COLLECTION IN RELATION TO SCFS PROGRAM IN BANGUNIA---PAST PRESENT AND FUTURE

As the first of ~e four impact areas in whichSave the Children is working Rangunia has many lessons to teach us in terms of the nature of what one might call the early model of CBIRO in Bangladesh and how effective this early model has been T~is annual OPG evalua tion exercise seems an ap~ropriate time to take a close look at the model glean whatever lessons and insights we can from it and then consider how we might utilize these lessons and insights to make midshycourse corrections and improve~nts in our programs in all four impact areas

A related issue is the matter of phasing~out Save the Children as an agency is giving increasing attention to th~ question of phasing out of older convnunities in which lIe have been Iorking for a long time and which are clearly able to stand on their own feet Planned phaseshyout from older villages that have reached the stage of self-reliance and simultaneous corrrnencement of middotork in new villages is seen as a natural and essential part of the corrmunity development programs in which SCF is engaged in different countries In nangladesh it is likely that phasin9 out Jithin SCFs program will begin in the villages of Rangunia area

Objecti ves

SCFs purpose in selecting Rangunia as an area for investigation and data gatheri ng is tvlO-fol d

1 As Mentioned earlier to study this early model ~f SCFs approach to rural development in Bangladesh and extract lessons and insights from it that will help us modify and improve our programs in all four SCF impact areas

Page l

2 To collect data Which Jill give a clear idea of the background nature and achievements of SCFs program in Rangunia from the incepshytion of the program to the present ti~ This~ along with information concerning the programs of other development agencies ~orkng in the same area government and private will provide us with the information we need in order to Dresent both a rationale and a plan for orderly phase-out flom the area vi 11 age by vi 11 age

HethodolOHl

In line ~ith the stated objectives SCFs Plogrmn Trainee Alexandra DuVal made two visits to Rangunia area in t~y and June 1981 lier assignment was to start col1ectinq information relating to program and financial inputs made by SCF and the villagers over the years in the context of the COIRO approach The information sources the Program Trainee used included project records in the VDC offices informal interviels (using a standard questionnaire fonnat) with subconrnittee members project participants VDC Secretaries and SCFs Field Coordinator in Rangunia~ ~d Saifuzzaman One of the side benefits of these visits was that they gave the Program Trainee and the rest of the Dacca pr09ram staff a clearer idea of the practical difficulties one faces in trying to collect sound data on the multiple dimensions of an integrated rural development program such as SCF 1s involved in The task is even more difficult in that there has been no systematic collection and recording of project performance data from the inception of the program which is one of the weaknesses in Rangunia

Data nathering by SCF staff relating to the CBIRD approach in Ranguni a 1111 conti nue in Ranguni a duri ng the comi ng months It 15 ant1- cipated that in the process~ we will gain insights and learn lessons that will help us to perfect a simple practical system for collecting and recording data relating to project performance and impact which can be maintained by staff at village level

Arrangements are being made through Save the Lhi1dren headquarter to bri ng a shortmiddotmiddotterm consul tant to Bangladesh probably in September or October of this year to help in task of data collection particularl with respect to data on SeFs progra~ in Rangunin past and present This will be used for preparing a retionale and plan for SCF phase-out in Rangunia Also during the month or so thJt this consultant will be in Rangladesh~ it is expected that his assignment will ~nab1e him to

devote some time to helning our staff develop suitable techniques and procedures for measuring program impact Such techniques and procedure will be helpful next year the fifth and final year of the OPG when it comes time to evaluate the impact that SCFs program has had so far on the groups and communities with which we have been working in our four mnt areas

Introduction bull

PART 11

ANALYSIS OF PAST EXPERIENCE WITH THE CBIRO APPROACH IN BANGLADESH

The OPG annual evaluation in addition to enabling us to assess our progress towards the objectives and targets specified in the OPG Phase 11 proposal has provided an opportunity for us to analyse our approach to conmunity development which Save the Chl1d~pn refers to as Community-Based Integrated Rural Development (caIRO) in the light of our past experience in applying this approach ~n Aangladesh The The time seems ripe for discussing this topic~ with the addition of some new field staff~ reorganization of Oacca program staff and con-sideration of issues relating to our intention to phase-out of old villages and take new ones in their place

f-1ethodo 1091

The method e have chosen for conducting tMs self-examination is to focus on each of the essential components of the CBIRD approach in turn and to do this in successive field staff training conferences so that our field staff can be involved in the process The first of these essenti a 1 components the cOlTlnun1 ty coorli ttee was exami ned and discussed by field staff and Dacca staff during our most recent Field Staff Tra i ni ng Conference 1hi ch as held in Dacca July 25-29 Other essential CtlIRD components which Iill be taken up one at a time in future field staff conferences are

Selfmiddotmiddothelp and conmunity participation Field Office support (funds~ training technical support) Field staff Village staff Planned development (needs assess~ntJ planning impleshy

mentation evaluation) Linkages (with Government and other outside institutions)

10

Page 6

One whole day of the recent field staff conference was devoted to analysis and discussion of the role of the comnunity committee which in Bangladesh we refer to as the Village Development COll1Tlittee (VDe) Several questions relating to this institution were pcsed to the staff who were then organised into small discussion groups according to impact area At the end of the day all the groups ment and presented their conclusions which were then discussed and summarized

Some of the questions asked were

1 What are the stengths and weaknesses of the VDCas an insti M

tution its present form 2 Should the VDe be modified If so how 3 ~hat mistakes have we made in the past in relation to VDC

forma ti on tha t oJe shou 1 d try to a voi din the future

Resul ts

A common theme running through the responses of all of the four discussion groups was decentralization In this case decentralishyzation referred to nivin~ more iMportance and authority to the various subcommittees of the VOC thus reducing what most of the staff regarded as too much power and control concentrated in the Village Development Committee itself The field staff presente~ the following ideas for consideration

1 Control of funds for productivity projects should be in the hands of the sectoral subcommittees instedad of the VDC

2 The main committee (VDC) should be responsible for infrasshytructure projects only (ie projects such as roads bridges and schools which benefit the whole village)

3 The VDC shoul d not have the polter to veto a project which has already been approved by a subcommittee

4 Subcommittees should be responsible for supervising impleN

mentation of sectoralproductivity projects 5 Consideration should be given to the idea of forming project

committees composed of the participants of each project These project comrrittees should be responsible for planning financial manager1ent and irrp1(r2ntation of specific projects

COnclusions

Judging from the results of the NC6t fiel~taff ~eJlCe

the metbod we ~ choampa fIw ~)(_ining the CBIRO mode in the ligtit of our past ~perience in Bangladesh seems to be a good one There was ~rQe sharinq of ideas and experiences Field staff exhibited a high level of interest and participation and a number of insights and ideas emerged which will be helpful to us as we consider possible modifications in our approach to community development modif~tions which will make oor program in BaIlgladampstt more effactiw

Introduction

PART 111 PROGRESS REPORT

Phase 11 of the OPG approved in September 1980 and made retro~ actve to August 1980) is designed as the final two years of a fiveshyyea r program The project pwpose whi ch is somewha t modi fi ed from that of Phase 1 (as a result of the official evaluation conducted in May 1990) is liTo strengthen and improve the major components of the project wherever necessary and also to give attention to better integration of the different components so that the rroject can be brought closer to the idea 1 of communi tymiddotmiddotbased integra ted rural deve10pfTI2nt The proposal sp(~cifies targets under the general headings of Program Planning Phasing Use of Outside Resources and Training An attachment to the OPG Phase 11 proposal in the fom of a letter to llSAJDf)acca from the ijirector of the Bangladesh Field Office of SCF targets (Tn CBIRD Model in Relation to the Governments Rural Development Prorram)) specifies additional targets~ which are included in this evaluation paper

An asse~ssment was mac1e of progress towards the specified targets up to July 1981 in me0til19s held in Dacca during the week of July 10th which were attended by members of the Save the Children staff in Dacca (Director Deputy Director Pro~ram Officers and Program Trainee) Discussions included a Judgement as to whether a given target could be achieved by the end of Phase 11 of the OPG in August 1982 In cases Ihere the ~roup felt that the ttrget was unrealistically high modification ~as recomended --

A PROGRM PLANNING

1 I~t~espect to program planning estab1ishprepar~ the following

~ Str~i~s and imR1ementation plan for each maj~r developshyment sector

Stra~eqies and iMplementation plans have been fully deveshyloped for our Iomens Program (r1ay 19UO) and a draft strate~ for health rlutrition and family planning (HNFP) has been prepared by our HNFP program officer in Dacca Dr ffzal Hossain and a consultant from Iestport Nancy Terreri

After the draft has been discussed by the Program Staff and finalized the proposed strategy will be shared with the HNFP Advisory ommittee for their review and comments The other sectoral strategies (Food Production and Educa ti on-L i teracy) 1i11 be developed before the end of the grant

b Sectora 1 Advi sory Corrani ttee fot each of these sectors

Discussion with Program Staff centered on the purpose of these Advi sory Commi ttees wh i ch a re to cons i s t of 3-5 qualified members involved in or knowledgable about applied development These committees will serve as r~ources) net (1r d~velopin~ sJctorltl ~t(tegis but rather for critical analysis and comment on the drafts prepared and presented by SCF It is expected that these advisory c~m~itteuroes will share their expertise and help us to identify successful programs of other agencies in Bangladesh from which we may borrow iAeas and learn 1 essons

The major obstacle 1e have faced in the past year is time Often the busy professionals that we want feel that there is too much of a commitment involved in serving on an Advi sory COll1l1i ttee Therefore we are thi nk i ng of changi ng the name t but mai nt1i ni ng tile function A group of professionals 1ould be invited simply to attend a meeting at which various subjects relating to partishycular SCF sectoral program would be discussed This informal approach 4i 11 hopefully ensure greater particishypation

Progress The Homens Advisory Committee has been fonned the HNFP members identified~ and the remaining two committees will be formed by the end of FY 1982

~ - bull I bull bull

-

Page 9

~age 10

c Impact Area Plans

No impact area plans have been developed to date for any aret Fol101ing our recent Field Staff Training Conference in July in which considerable attention was devoted to the subject of villa~e plans it appe~rs that there is a natural progression in ~ progrnffi such as ours starting with project planning (the stngc at which most of our field staff and village programs are now) to village planning (which we are movin~ toJards rapidly) to impact area planning Its unlikely that fIe Ii11 have detilihd formal area plans ready for all our four impact areas before the end of FY82 However the natura 1 pro)ress i on from project to vi 11 age to area planning has already begun~ and tie expect that the first step towards impact area planning will be taken within the next six months This first step will most likely consists of analysis and discussion of impact area planning at a future Field Staff Training Conference~ including identification of needs and prob1effis~ resources and potenshytial constraints and sectoral priorities based on need

d Individual Village Plans including scctc~middotal tarpets

To date most of the planning undertnken at the field level has been project or sector-ori ented However the fi e1 d office sees vi1la~JC level planning~ invo1vin) the villagers themselves as an important compon~nt of bottom-up develoshypment planninq Our ultimate noal is to increase and expand t~e vi 11 caer s undristnnci n~ of f ntegra ted development of

the vi11aae -s a middothc1e L veiorr1ent Hhich is ~ltimiddotscctoral

as well as beneficial to all socio-economic groups in the vi llagc As a first step in this regard a uJQ-day workshop for SCF Field Staff 8S held in Dacca August 10 11 SCFs Director of Training~ Mr Jairo Arboleda) and the AsiaPacific Regional Troinin9 Coordinator i tlr JI Kim organised and facilitated the sessions which included discussion about the importance of integrated dev~lopment planning at the villar~ level

Small group discussions centered on 1) identification of existing methods of village level planning 2) advantages and disadvantages of village plans 3) methods of introshyducing and establishing village plans

The di scuss i cns duri nq the lJorkshop revealed that the field staff although none of them have participated in

~age 11

the development of village plans in the formal sense have nevertheless [een applyi ng many of the same pri nci p1es and steps to pr~tect planning (with which they are all familiar) that should be followed in the oreparation of integrated development plans for the whole village specifically 1) information gathering and needs assessment~ 2) analysis of the information col1ected~ 3) fixing objectives 4) preparing a p1an~ 5) implementation of the plan 6) evaluation of performance~ and 7) re-p1anning The field staffs fa~li1iarity tith project planning provides a solid practical foundation on which they can build as they InClVe towards the next stage Ihich is villag~ plan preparati on

Field staff will he expected to transmit to VDCs and villagers in their respective impact areas what they have 1ealned about the preparation of a village development plan This activity is scheduled to begin around November this year The proposed method of implementation is desshycribed in the section Orientation of VDCs (CI)

Hith regard to program planning overall one of the responshysibilities of the Program Trainee who arrived in late January 1981 is liTo help develop project rJOnitoring and data collecting procedures sir1ple enough to be handled by SCF Field Staff and Vi11ane orkers Jfter reviewing the existing forms developed last year~ it was decided to start afresh but preserling the idea of village project files Prototype forms lere developed and shared with field staff during th2 recent Staff Conference (July 25-29)

~age 12

While the forms are still in draft form the basir compo- nents of this file (one per project~ to be maintained at the village level by the VDC Office Assistant with the

help of field staff) are as follows 1) Project Application Form (part of SCFs Field

Office Reporting SysteA) 2) Project ~10ni tori ng Form (one type for producti-

vity projects (nd one for non-productivity projects) 3) Project Participant Form (se class para repayshy

ment status etc) 4) Comment Sheet(~urrent status of project as seen

by Dacca support staff and other visitors) 5) End of Project Status

Thi s sys tern Ii 11 be introduced begi nni n9 wi th the FY 1982 Projects ~r r1ashud Assistant Accountant is now spendinn approximately h~lf of his time in the field trai~ ning VDC Office Assistants in financial matters and checking VOC financial records He Ii11 also help to

i ntroduci n9 the nel sys tern at vil1 age 1 eve1

2 ~ncouraQe a b3lanced program ith Landed FarmersLandless and Marginal Farmer~ Non-tgricultura1 villagers ~Jomen and Children and Youth havi n9 knol edge of and some benefi ts from SCF

SCF tries to work with all groups in the village and not any specific groups Landed farmers landless and marginal farmers and non-agricultural villagers continue to benefit from projects such as loans to small traders loans for rickshaws joint farming projects ~nd so forth These projects and groups are identified in Table 1 accompanying

Our women I s program clOd acti vi ti e for ch i 1 dren have been strengthened in the past year Childrens recreational projects have been standardized for all villages and include sports picnic and cultural activities As an additional step to ensure more equitable distribution of resources we follow a system of a random selection of children in each village Jho will benefit (approxinmte1y 200 per year) In this vay we Iill eventually cover the whole child population in a given village

The womens program has been emphasized and strengthened

in the past year through conscientious implementation of the program plan Three new Social Development Coordinators (SDCs)

have been hired~ bringing the total to seven for three impact

areas Counter~arts have been hired in all four villages of

tmiddotirzapur 9 four in Ghior und two in Nasirnagar All received a

one-week orientation course in larch Finally Para Development

Workers (PO~IS) are presently Norking in tlirzapur after receivhl9

their orientation in the same area~ and candidates have been

identified in the Ghior area

As regards a balanced pr09ramll~ SCF is aware of the

problems we face in tryin~ to re~ch all sections in a village

Therefore~ as a CO~1ponent of the rncent1y developed Standard

Base-l i ne 5urvay Fom (to b2 conducted in Ghi or soon) a questioshynnai re has been d(~ve loped to assess the extent of vi 11 agers I

awareness of SCF as an oraanization The results will give us a

better idea of who Ill are reach n9 (di rectly and i ndi rectly) by

socin-economic group and para He see this as an important

device for feedback at the rresent as well as data for future

evaluations

3 One or I1lOre income-producing projects for the 1illage Development

in each vi11age

This is a relatively new idea for SCF and represents a

serious attempt both to free our field staff from the time-consushy

mi n9 task of supervi sing loan collection as Jell as to decrease

the someti~s excessive balanCeS in the Village Development Fund

(VOF) This large fund often attracts local powerful and unscrushypulous individutlls J who try to control it anti turn it to their

Page 13

own advanbge Therefore e ~rc encouragi no the use of bank loans for i ndi vi due 1 producti vi ty 1roj(~cts _ and vi 11 a9c i ncomeshy

producing projects (such as vi11age gr~in st0rage~ village fish

ponds rental of agricultural ir1plcr](mts ~ etc) as guaranteed

income for the OF Examples of projects which have becn designed

primari 1Y to 1enerate income for the VDF are

Nas i rnagar

Villaoc fish pond

Handltleedir and reticide sprilyer r~rt-31

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

HethodolOHl

In line ~ith the stated objectives SCFs Plogrmn Trainee Alexandra DuVal made two visits to Rangunia area in t~y and June 1981 lier assignment was to start col1ectinq information relating to program and financial inputs made by SCF and the villagers over the years in the context of the COIRO approach The information sources the Program Trainee used included project records in the VDC offices informal interviels (using a standard questionnaire fonnat) with subconrnittee members project participants VDC Secretaries and SCFs Field Coordinator in Rangunia~ ~d Saifuzzaman One of the side benefits of these visits was that they gave the Program Trainee and the rest of the Dacca pr09ram staff a clearer idea of the practical difficulties one faces in trying to collect sound data on the multiple dimensions of an integrated rural development program such as SCF 1s involved in The task is even more difficult in that there has been no systematic collection and recording of project performance data from the inception of the program which is one of the weaknesses in Rangunia

Data nathering by SCF staff relating to the CBIRD approach in Ranguni a 1111 conti nue in Ranguni a duri ng the comi ng months It 15 ant1- cipated that in the process~ we will gain insights and learn lessons that will help us to perfect a simple practical system for collecting and recording data relating to project performance and impact which can be maintained by staff at village level

Arrangements are being made through Save the Lhi1dren headquarter to bri ng a shortmiddotmiddotterm consul tant to Bangladesh probably in September or October of this year to help in task of data collection particularl with respect to data on SeFs progra~ in Rangunin past and present This will be used for preparing a retionale and plan for SCF phase-out in Rangunia Also during the month or so thJt this consultant will be in Rangladesh~ it is expected that his assignment will ~nab1e him to

devote some time to helning our staff develop suitable techniques and procedures for measuring program impact Such techniques and procedure will be helpful next year the fifth and final year of the OPG when it comes time to evaluate the impact that SCFs program has had so far on the groups and communities with which we have been working in our four mnt areas

Introduction bull

PART 11

ANALYSIS OF PAST EXPERIENCE WITH THE CBIRO APPROACH IN BANGLADESH

The OPG annual evaluation in addition to enabling us to assess our progress towards the objectives and targets specified in the OPG Phase 11 proposal has provided an opportunity for us to analyse our approach to conmunity development which Save the Chl1d~pn refers to as Community-Based Integrated Rural Development (caIRO) in the light of our past experience in applying this approach ~n Aangladesh The The time seems ripe for discussing this topic~ with the addition of some new field staff~ reorganization of Oacca program staff and con-sideration of issues relating to our intention to phase-out of old villages and take new ones in their place

f-1ethodo 1091

The method e have chosen for conducting tMs self-examination is to focus on each of the essential components of the CBIRD approach in turn and to do this in successive field staff training conferences so that our field staff can be involved in the process The first of these essenti a 1 components the cOlTlnun1 ty coorli ttee was exami ned and discussed by field staff and Dacca staff during our most recent Field Staff Tra i ni ng Conference 1hi ch as held in Dacca July 25-29 Other essential CtlIRD components which Iill be taken up one at a time in future field staff conferences are

Selfmiddotmiddothelp and conmunity participation Field Office support (funds~ training technical support) Field staff Village staff Planned development (needs assess~ntJ planning impleshy

mentation evaluation) Linkages (with Government and other outside institutions)

10

Page 6

One whole day of the recent field staff conference was devoted to analysis and discussion of the role of the comnunity committee which in Bangladesh we refer to as the Village Development COll1Tlittee (VDe) Several questions relating to this institution were pcsed to the staff who were then organised into small discussion groups according to impact area At the end of the day all the groups ment and presented their conclusions which were then discussed and summarized

Some of the questions asked were

1 What are the stengths and weaknesses of the VDCas an insti M

tution its present form 2 Should the VDe be modified If so how 3 ~hat mistakes have we made in the past in relation to VDC

forma ti on tha t oJe shou 1 d try to a voi din the future

Resul ts

A common theme running through the responses of all of the four discussion groups was decentralization In this case decentralishyzation referred to nivin~ more iMportance and authority to the various subcommittees of the VOC thus reducing what most of the staff regarded as too much power and control concentrated in the Village Development Committee itself The field staff presente~ the following ideas for consideration

1 Control of funds for productivity projects should be in the hands of the sectoral subcommittees instedad of the VDC

2 The main committee (VDC) should be responsible for infrasshytructure projects only (ie projects such as roads bridges and schools which benefit the whole village)

3 The VDC shoul d not have the polter to veto a project which has already been approved by a subcommittee

4 Subcommittees should be responsible for supervising impleN

mentation of sectoralproductivity projects 5 Consideration should be given to the idea of forming project

committees composed of the participants of each project These project comrrittees should be responsible for planning financial manager1ent and irrp1(r2ntation of specific projects

COnclusions

Judging from the results of the NC6t fiel~taff ~eJlCe

the metbod we ~ choampa fIw ~)(_ining the CBIRO mode in the ligtit of our past ~perience in Bangladesh seems to be a good one There was ~rQe sharinq of ideas and experiences Field staff exhibited a high level of interest and participation and a number of insights and ideas emerged which will be helpful to us as we consider possible modifications in our approach to community development modif~tions which will make oor program in BaIlgladampstt more effactiw

Introduction

PART 111 PROGRESS REPORT

Phase 11 of the OPG approved in September 1980 and made retro~ actve to August 1980) is designed as the final two years of a fiveshyyea r program The project pwpose whi ch is somewha t modi fi ed from that of Phase 1 (as a result of the official evaluation conducted in May 1990) is liTo strengthen and improve the major components of the project wherever necessary and also to give attention to better integration of the different components so that the rroject can be brought closer to the idea 1 of communi tymiddotmiddotbased integra ted rural deve10pfTI2nt The proposal sp(~cifies targets under the general headings of Program Planning Phasing Use of Outside Resources and Training An attachment to the OPG Phase 11 proposal in the fom of a letter to llSAJDf)acca from the ijirector of the Bangladesh Field Office of SCF targets (Tn CBIRD Model in Relation to the Governments Rural Development Prorram)) specifies additional targets~ which are included in this evaluation paper

An asse~ssment was mac1e of progress towards the specified targets up to July 1981 in me0til19s held in Dacca during the week of July 10th which were attended by members of the Save the Children staff in Dacca (Director Deputy Director Pro~ram Officers and Program Trainee) Discussions included a Judgement as to whether a given target could be achieved by the end of Phase 11 of the OPG in August 1982 In cases Ihere the ~roup felt that the ttrget was unrealistically high modification ~as recomended --

A PROGRM PLANNING

1 I~t~espect to program planning estab1ishprepar~ the following

~ Str~i~s and imR1ementation plan for each maj~r developshyment sector

Stra~eqies and iMplementation plans have been fully deveshyloped for our Iomens Program (r1ay 19UO) and a draft strate~ for health rlutrition and family planning (HNFP) has been prepared by our HNFP program officer in Dacca Dr ffzal Hossain and a consultant from Iestport Nancy Terreri

After the draft has been discussed by the Program Staff and finalized the proposed strategy will be shared with the HNFP Advisory ommittee for their review and comments The other sectoral strategies (Food Production and Educa ti on-L i teracy) 1i11 be developed before the end of the grant

b Sectora 1 Advi sory Corrani ttee fot each of these sectors

Discussion with Program Staff centered on the purpose of these Advi sory Commi ttees wh i ch a re to cons i s t of 3-5 qualified members involved in or knowledgable about applied development These committees will serve as r~ources) net (1r d~velopin~ sJctorltl ~t(tegis but rather for critical analysis and comment on the drafts prepared and presented by SCF It is expected that these advisory c~m~itteuroes will share their expertise and help us to identify successful programs of other agencies in Bangladesh from which we may borrow iAeas and learn 1 essons

The major obstacle 1e have faced in the past year is time Often the busy professionals that we want feel that there is too much of a commitment involved in serving on an Advi sory COll1l1i ttee Therefore we are thi nk i ng of changi ng the name t but mai nt1i ni ng tile function A group of professionals 1ould be invited simply to attend a meeting at which various subjects relating to partishycular SCF sectoral program would be discussed This informal approach 4i 11 hopefully ensure greater particishypation

Progress The Homens Advisory Committee has been fonned the HNFP members identified~ and the remaining two committees will be formed by the end of FY 1982

~ - bull I bull bull

-

Page 9

~age 10

c Impact Area Plans

No impact area plans have been developed to date for any aret Fol101ing our recent Field Staff Training Conference in July in which considerable attention was devoted to the subject of villa~e plans it appe~rs that there is a natural progression in ~ progrnffi such as ours starting with project planning (the stngc at which most of our field staff and village programs are now) to village planning (which we are movin~ toJards rapidly) to impact area planning Its unlikely that fIe Ii11 have detilihd formal area plans ready for all our four impact areas before the end of FY82 However the natura 1 pro)ress i on from project to vi 11 age to area planning has already begun~ and tie expect that the first step towards impact area planning will be taken within the next six months This first step will most likely consists of analysis and discussion of impact area planning at a future Field Staff Training Conference~ including identification of needs and prob1effis~ resources and potenshytial constraints and sectoral priorities based on need

d Individual Village Plans including scctc~middotal tarpets

To date most of the planning undertnken at the field level has been project or sector-ori ented However the fi e1 d office sees vi1la~JC level planning~ invo1vin) the villagers themselves as an important compon~nt of bottom-up develoshypment planninq Our ultimate noal is to increase and expand t~e vi 11 caer s undristnnci n~ of f ntegra ted development of

the vi11aae -s a middothc1e L veiorr1ent Hhich is ~ltimiddotscctoral

as well as beneficial to all socio-economic groups in the vi llagc As a first step in this regard a uJQ-day workshop for SCF Field Staff 8S held in Dacca August 10 11 SCFs Director of Training~ Mr Jairo Arboleda) and the AsiaPacific Regional Troinin9 Coordinator i tlr JI Kim organised and facilitated the sessions which included discussion about the importance of integrated dev~lopment planning at the villar~ level

Small group discussions centered on 1) identification of existing methods of village level planning 2) advantages and disadvantages of village plans 3) methods of introshyducing and establishing village plans

The di scuss i cns duri nq the lJorkshop revealed that the field staff although none of them have participated in

~age 11

the development of village plans in the formal sense have nevertheless [een applyi ng many of the same pri nci p1es and steps to pr~tect planning (with which they are all familiar) that should be followed in the oreparation of integrated development plans for the whole village specifically 1) information gathering and needs assessment~ 2) analysis of the information col1ected~ 3) fixing objectives 4) preparing a p1an~ 5) implementation of the plan 6) evaluation of performance~ and 7) re-p1anning The field staffs fa~li1iarity tith project planning provides a solid practical foundation on which they can build as they InClVe towards the next stage Ihich is villag~ plan preparati on

Field staff will he expected to transmit to VDCs and villagers in their respective impact areas what they have 1ealned about the preparation of a village development plan This activity is scheduled to begin around November this year The proposed method of implementation is desshycribed in the section Orientation of VDCs (CI)

Hith regard to program planning overall one of the responshysibilities of the Program Trainee who arrived in late January 1981 is liTo help develop project rJOnitoring and data collecting procedures sir1ple enough to be handled by SCF Field Staff and Vi11ane orkers Jfter reviewing the existing forms developed last year~ it was decided to start afresh but preserling the idea of village project files Prototype forms lere developed and shared with field staff during th2 recent Staff Conference (July 25-29)

~age 12

While the forms are still in draft form the basir compo- nents of this file (one per project~ to be maintained at the village level by the VDC Office Assistant with the

help of field staff) are as follows 1) Project Application Form (part of SCFs Field

Office Reporting SysteA) 2) Project ~10ni tori ng Form (one type for producti-

vity projects (nd one for non-productivity projects) 3) Project Participant Form (se class para repayshy

ment status etc) 4) Comment Sheet(~urrent status of project as seen

by Dacca support staff and other visitors) 5) End of Project Status

Thi s sys tern Ii 11 be introduced begi nni n9 wi th the FY 1982 Projects ~r r1ashud Assistant Accountant is now spendinn approximately h~lf of his time in the field trai~ ning VDC Office Assistants in financial matters and checking VOC financial records He Ii11 also help to

i ntroduci n9 the nel sys tern at vil1 age 1 eve1

2 ~ncouraQe a b3lanced program ith Landed FarmersLandless and Marginal Farmer~ Non-tgricultura1 villagers ~Jomen and Children and Youth havi n9 knol edge of and some benefi ts from SCF

SCF tries to work with all groups in the village and not any specific groups Landed farmers landless and marginal farmers and non-agricultural villagers continue to benefit from projects such as loans to small traders loans for rickshaws joint farming projects ~nd so forth These projects and groups are identified in Table 1 accompanying

Our women I s program clOd acti vi ti e for ch i 1 dren have been strengthened in the past year Childrens recreational projects have been standardized for all villages and include sports picnic and cultural activities As an additional step to ensure more equitable distribution of resources we follow a system of a random selection of children in each village Jho will benefit (approxinmte1y 200 per year) In this vay we Iill eventually cover the whole child population in a given village

The womens program has been emphasized and strengthened

in the past year through conscientious implementation of the program plan Three new Social Development Coordinators (SDCs)

have been hired~ bringing the total to seven for three impact

areas Counter~arts have been hired in all four villages of

tmiddotirzapur 9 four in Ghior und two in Nasirnagar All received a

one-week orientation course in larch Finally Para Development

Workers (PO~IS) are presently Norking in tlirzapur after receivhl9

their orientation in the same area~ and candidates have been

identified in the Ghior area

As regards a balanced pr09ramll~ SCF is aware of the

problems we face in tryin~ to re~ch all sections in a village

Therefore~ as a CO~1ponent of the rncent1y developed Standard

Base-l i ne 5urvay Fom (to b2 conducted in Ghi or soon) a questioshynnai re has been d(~ve loped to assess the extent of vi 11 agers I

awareness of SCF as an oraanization The results will give us a

better idea of who Ill are reach n9 (di rectly and i ndi rectly) by

socin-economic group and para He see this as an important

device for feedback at the rresent as well as data for future

evaluations

3 One or I1lOre income-producing projects for the 1illage Development

in each vi11age

This is a relatively new idea for SCF and represents a

serious attempt both to free our field staff from the time-consushy

mi n9 task of supervi sing loan collection as Jell as to decrease

the someti~s excessive balanCeS in the Village Development Fund

(VOF) This large fund often attracts local powerful and unscrushypulous individutlls J who try to control it anti turn it to their

Page 13

own advanbge Therefore e ~rc encouragi no the use of bank loans for i ndi vi due 1 producti vi ty 1roj(~cts _ and vi 11 a9c i ncomeshy

producing projects (such as vi11age gr~in st0rage~ village fish

ponds rental of agricultural ir1plcr](mts ~ etc) as guaranteed

income for the OF Examples of projects which have becn designed

primari 1Y to 1enerate income for the VDF are

Nas i rnagar

Villaoc fish pond

Handltleedir and reticide sprilyer r~rt-31

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

Introduction bull

PART 11

ANALYSIS OF PAST EXPERIENCE WITH THE CBIRO APPROACH IN BANGLADESH

The OPG annual evaluation in addition to enabling us to assess our progress towards the objectives and targets specified in the OPG Phase 11 proposal has provided an opportunity for us to analyse our approach to conmunity development which Save the Chl1d~pn refers to as Community-Based Integrated Rural Development (caIRO) in the light of our past experience in applying this approach ~n Aangladesh The The time seems ripe for discussing this topic~ with the addition of some new field staff~ reorganization of Oacca program staff and con-sideration of issues relating to our intention to phase-out of old villages and take new ones in their place

f-1ethodo 1091

The method e have chosen for conducting tMs self-examination is to focus on each of the essential components of the CBIRD approach in turn and to do this in successive field staff training conferences so that our field staff can be involved in the process The first of these essenti a 1 components the cOlTlnun1 ty coorli ttee was exami ned and discussed by field staff and Dacca staff during our most recent Field Staff Tra i ni ng Conference 1hi ch as held in Dacca July 25-29 Other essential CtlIRD components which Iill be taken up one at a time in future field staff conferences are

Selfmiddotmiddothelp and conmunity participation Field Office support (funds~ training technical support) Field staff Village staff Planned development (needs assess~ntJ planning impleshy

mentation evaluation) Linkages (with Government and other outside institutions)

10

Page 6

One whole day of the recent field staff conference was devoted to analysis and discussion of the role of the comnunity committee which in Bangladesh we refer to as the Village Development COll1Tlittee (VDe) Several questions relating to this institution were pcsed to the staff who were then organised into small discussion groups according to impact area At the end of the day all the groups ment and presented their conclusions which were then discussed and summarized

Some of the questions asked were

1 What are the stengths and weaknesses of the VDCas an insti M

tution its present form 2 Should the VDe be modified If so how 3 ~hat mistakes have we made in the past in relation to VDC

forma ti on tha t oJe shou 1 d try to a voi din the future

Resul ts

A common theme running through the responses of all of the four discussion groups was decentralization In this case decentralishyzation referred to nivin~ more iMportance and authority to the various subcommittees of the VOC thus reducing what most of the staff regarded as too much power and control concentrated in the Village Development Committee itself The field staff presente~ the following ideas for consideration

1 Control of funds for productivity projects should be in the hands of the sectoral subcommittees instedad of the VDC

2 The main committee (VDC) should be responsible for infrasshytructure projects only (ie projects such as roads bridges and schools which benefit the whole village)

3 The VDC shoul d not have the polter to veto a project which has already been approved by a subcommittee

4 Subcommittees should be responsible for supervising impleN

mentation of sectoralproductivity projects 5 Consideration should be given to the idea of forming project

committees composed of the participants of each project These project comrrittees should be responsible for planning financial manager1ent and irrp1(r2ntation of specific projects

COnclusions

Judging from the results of the NC6t fiel~taff ~eJlCe

the metbod we ~ choampa fIw ~)(_ining the CBIRO mode in the ligtit of our past ~perience in Bangladesh seems to be a good one There was ~rQe sharinq of ideas and experiences Field staff exhibited a high level of interest and participation and a number of insights and ideas emerged which will be helpful to us as we consider possible modifications in our approach to community development modif~tions which will make oor program in BaIlgladampstt more effactiw

Introduction

PART 111 PROGRESS REPORT

Phase 11 of the OPG approved in September 1980 and made retro~ actve to August 1980) is designed as the final two years of a fiveshyyea r program The project pwpose whi ch is somewha t modi fi ed from that of Phase 1 (as a result of the official evaluation conducted in May 1990) is liTo strengthen and improve the major components of the project wherever necessary and also to give attention to better integration of the different components so that the rroject can be brought closer to the idea 1 of communi tymiddotmiddotbased integra ted rural deve10pfTI2nt The proposal sp(~cifies targets under the general headings of Program Planning Phasing Use of Outside Resources and Training An attachment to the OPG Phase 11 proposal in the fom of a letter to llSAJDf)acca from the ijirector of the Bangladesh Field Office of SCF targets (Tn CBIRD Model in Relation to the Governments Rural Development Prorram)) specifies additional targets~ which are included in this evaluation paper

An asse~ssment was mac1e of progress towards the specified targets up to July 1981 in me0til19s held in Dacca during the week of July 10th which were attended by members of the Save the Children staff in Dacca (Director Deputy Director Pro~ram Officers and Program Trainee) Discussions included a Judgement as to whether a given target could be achieved by the end of Phase 11 of the OPG in August 1982 In cases Ihere the ~roup felt that the ttrget was unrealistically high modification ~as recomended --

A PROGRM PLANNING

1 I~t~espect to program planning estab1ishprepar~ the following

~ Str~i~s and imR1ementation plan for each maj~r developshyment sector

Stra~eqies and iMplementation plans have been fully deveshyloped for our Iomens Program (r1ay 19UO) and a draft strate~ for health rlutrition and family planning (HNFP) has been prepared by our HNFP program officer in Dacca Dr ffzal Hossain and a consultant from Iestport Nancy Terreri

After the draft has been discussed by the Program Staff and finalized the proposed strategy will be shared with the HNFP Advisory ommittee for their review and comments The other sectoral strategies (Food Production and Educa ti on-L i teracy) 1i11 be developed before the end of the grant

b Sectora 1 Advi sory Corrani ttee fot each of these sectors

Discussion with Program Staff centered on the purpose of these Advi sory Commi ttees wh i ch a re to cons i s t of 3-5 qualified members involved in or knowledgable about applied development These committees will serve as r~ources) net (1r d~velopin~ sJctorltl ~t(tegis but rather for critical analysis and comment on the drafts prepared and presented by SCF It is expected that these advisory c~m~itteuroes will share their expertise and help us to identify successful programs of other agencies in Bangladesh from which we may borrow iAeas and learn 1 essons

The major obstacle 1e have faced in the past year is time Often the busy professionals that we want feel that there is too much of a commitment involved in serving on an Advi sory COll1l1i ttee Therefore we are thi nk i ng of changi ng the name t but mai nt1i ni ng tile function A group of professionals 1ould be invited simply to attend a meeting at which various subjects relating to partishycular SCF sectoral program would be discussed This informal approach 4i 11 hopefully ensure greater particishypation

Progress The Homens Advisory Committee has been fonned the HNFP members identified~ and the remaining two committees will be formed by the end of FY 1982

~ - bull I bull bull

-

Page 9

~age 10

c Impact Area Plans

No impact area plans have been developed to date for any aret Fol101ing our recent Field Staff Training Conference in July in which considerable attention was devoted to the subject of villa~e plans it appe~rs that there is a natural progression in ~ progrnffi such as ours starting with project planning (the stngc at which most of our field staff and village programs are now) to village planning (which we are movin~ toJards rapidly) to impact area planning Its unlikely that fIe Ii11 have detilihd formal area plans ready for all our four impact areas before the end of FY82 However the natura 1 pro)ress i on from project to vi 11 age to area planning has already begun~ and tie expect that the first step towards impact area planning will be taken within the next six months This first step will most likely consists of analysis and discussion of impact area planning at a future Field Staff Training Conference~ including identification of needs and prob1effis~ resources and potenshytial constraints and sectoral priorities based on need

d Individual Village Plans including scctc~middotal tarpets

To date most of the planning undertnken at the field level has been project or sector-ori ented However the fi e1 d office sees vi1la~JC level planning~ invo1vin) the villagers themselves as an important compon~nt of bottom-up develoshypment planninq Our ultimate noal is to increase and expand t~e vi 11 caer s undristnnci n~ of f ntegra ted development of

the vi11aae -s a middothc1e L veiorr1ent Hhich is ~ltimiddotscctoral

as well as beneficial to all socio-economic groups in the vi llagc As a first step in this regard a uJQ-day workshop for SCF Field Staff 8S held in Dacca August 10 11 SCFs Director of Training~ Mr Jairo Arboleda) and the AsiaPacific Regional Troinin9 Coordinator i tlr JI Kim organised and facilitated the sessions which included discussion about the importance of integrated dev~lopment planning at the villar~ level

Small group discussions centered on 1) identification of existing methods of village level planning 2) advantages and disadvantages of village plans 3) methods of introshyducing and establishing village plans

The di scuss i cns duri nq the lJorkshop revealed that the field staff although none of them have participated in

~age 11

the development of village plans in the formal sense have nevertheless [een applyi ng many of the same pri nci p1es and steps to pr~tect planning (with which they are all familiar) that should be followed in the oreparation of integrated development plans for the whole village specifically 1) information gathering and needs assessment~ 2) analysis of the information col1ected~ 3) fixing objectives 4) preparing a p1an~ 5) implementation of the plan 6) evaluation of performance~ and 7) re-p1anning The field staffs fa~li1iarity tith project planning provides a solid practical foundation on which they can build as they InClVe towards the next stage Ihich is villag~ plan preparati on

Field staff will he expected to transmit to VDCs and villagers in their respective impact areas what they have 1ealned about the preparation of a village development plan This activity is scheduled to begin around November this year The proposed method of implementation is desshycribed in the section Orientation of VDCs (CI)

Hith regard to program planning overall one of the responshysibilities of the Program Trainee who arrived in late January 1981 is liTo help develop project rJOnitoring and data collecting procedures sir1ple enough to be handled by SCF Field Staff and Vi11ane orkers Jfter reviewing the existing forms developed last year~ it was decided to start afresh but preserling the idea of village project files Prototype forms lere developed and shared with field staff during th2 recent Staff Conference (July 25-29)

~age 12

While the forms are still in draft form the basir compo- nents of this file (one per project~ to be maintained at the village level by the VDC Office Assistant with the

help of field staff) are as follows 1) Project Application Form (part of SCFs Field

Office Reporting SysteA) 2) Project ~10ni tori ng Form (one type for producti-

vity projects (nd one for non-productivity projects) 3) Project Participant Form (se class para repayshy

ment status etc) 4) Comment Sheet(~urrent status of project as seen

by Dacca support staff and other visitors) 5) End of Project Status

Thi s sys tern Ii 11 be introduced begi nni n9 wi th the FY 1982 Projects ~r r1ashud Assistant Accountant is now spendinn approximately h~lf of his time in the field trai~ ning VDC Office Assistants in financial matters and checking VOC financial records He Ii11 also help to

i ntroduci n9 the nel sys tern at vil1 age 1 eve1

2 ~ncouraQe a b3lanced program ith Landed FarmersLandless and Marginal Farmer~ Non-tgricultura1 villagers ~Jomen and Children and Youth havi n9 knol edge of and some benefi ts from SCF

SCF tries to work with all groups in the village and not any specific groups Landed farmers landless and marginal farmers and non-agricultural villagers continue to benefit from projects such as loans to small traders loans for rickshaws joint farming projects ~nd so forth These projects and groups are identified in Table 1 accompanying

Our women I s program clOd acti vi ti e for ch i 1 dren have been strengthened in the past year Childrens recreational projects have been standardized for all villages and include sports picnic and cultural activities As an additional step to ensure more equitable distribution of resources we follow a system of a random selection of children in each village Jho will benefit (approxinmte1y 200 per year) In this vay we Iill eventually cover the whole child population in a given village

The womens program has been emphasized and strengthened

in the past year through conscientious implementation of the program plan Three new Social Development Coordinators (SDCs)

have been hired~ bringing the total to seven for three impact

areas Counter~arts have been hired in all four villages of

tmiddotirzapur 9 four in Ghior und two in Nasirnagar All received a

one-week orientation course in larch Finally Para Development

Workers (PO~IS) are presently Norking in tlirzapur after receivhl9

their orientation in the same area~ and candidates have been

identified in the Ghior area

As regards a balanced pr09ramll~ SCF is aware of the

problems we face in tryin~ to re~ch all sections in a village

Therefore~ as a CO~1ponent of the rncent1y developed Standard

Base-l i ne 5urvay Fom (to b2 conducted in Ghi or soon) a questioshynnai re has been d(~ve loped to assess the extent of vi 11 agers I

awareness of SCF as an oraanization The results will give us a

better idea of who Ill are reach n9 (di rectly and i ndi rectly) by

socin-economic group and para He see this as an important

device for feedback at the rresent as well as data for future

evaluations

3 One or I1lOre income-producing projects for the 1illage Development

in each vi11age

This is a relatively new idea for SCF and represents a

serious attempt both to free our field staff from the time-consushy

mi n9 task of supervi sing loan collection as Jell as to decrease

the someti~s excessive balanCeS in the Village Development Fund

(VOF) This large fund often attracts local powerful and unscrushypulous individutlls J who try to control it anti turn it to their

Page 13

own advanbge Therefore e ~rc encouragi no the use of bank loans for i ndi vi due 1 producti vi ty 1roj(~cts _ and vi 11 a9c i ncomeshy

producing projects (such as vi11age gr~in st0rage~ village fish

ponds rental of agricultural ir1plcr](mts ~ etc) as guaranteed

income for the OF Examples of projects which have becn designed

primari 1Y to 1enerate income for the VDF are

Nas i rnagar

Villaoc fish pond

Handltleedir and reticide sprilyer r~rt-31

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

Page 6

One whole day of the recent field staff conference was devoted to analysis and discussion of the role of the comnunity committee which in Bangladesh we refer to as the Village Development COll1Tlittee (VDe) Several questions relating to this institution were pcsed to the staff who were then organised into small discussion groups according to impact area At the end of the day all the groups ment and presented their conclusions which were then discussed and summarized

Some of the questions asked were

1 What are the stengths and weaknesses of the VDCas an insti M

tution its present form 2 Should the VDe be modified If so how 3 ~hat mistakes have we made in the past in relation to VDC

forma ti on tha t oJe shou 1 d try to a voi din the future

Resul ts

A common theme running through the responses of all of the four discussion groups was decentralization In this case decentralishyzation referred to nivin~ more iMportance and authority to the various subcommittees of the VOC thus reducing what most of the staff regarded as too much power and control concentrated in the Village Development Committee itself The field staff presente~ the following ideas for consideration

1 Control of funds for productivity projects should be in the hands of the sectoral subcommittees instedad of the VDC

2 The main committee (VDC) should be responsible for infrasshytructure projects only (ie projects such as roads bridges and schools which benefit the whole village)

3 The VDC shoul d not have the polter to veto a project which has already been approved by a subcommittee

4 Subcommittees should be responsible for supervising impleN

mentation of sectoralproductivity projects 5 Consideration should be given to the idea of forming project

committees composed of the participants of each project These project comrrittees should be responsible for planning financial manager1ent and irrp1(r2ntation of specific projects

COnclusions

Judging from the results of the NC6t fiel~taff ~eJlCe

the metbod we ~ choampa fIw ~)(_ining the CBIRO mode in the ligtit of our past ~perience in Bangladesh seems to be a good one There was ~rQe sharinq of ideas and experiences Field staff exhibited a high level of interest and participation and a number of insights and ideas emerged which will be helpful to us as we consider possible modifications in our approach to community development modif~tions which will make oor program in BaIlgladampstt more effactiw

Introduction

PART 111 PROGRESS REPORT

Phase 11 of the OPG approved in September 1980 and made retro~ actve to August 1980) is designed as the final two years of a fiveshyyea r program The project pwpose whi ch is somewha t modi fi ed from that of Phase 1 (as a result of the official evaluation conducted in May 1990) is liTo strengthen and improve the major components of the project wherever necessary and also to give attention to better integration of the different components so that the rroject can be brought closer to the idea 1 of communi tymiddotmiddotbased integra ted rural deve10pfTI2nt The proposal sp(~cifies targets under the general headings of Program Planning Phasing Use of Outside Resources and Training An attachment to the OPG Phase 11 proposal in the fom of a letter to llSAJDf)acca from the ijirector of the Bangladesh Field Office of SCF targets (Tn CBIRD Model in Relation to the Governments Rural Development Prorram)) specifies additional targets~ which are included in this evaluation paper

An asse~ssment was mac1e of progress towards the specified targets up to July 1981 in me0til19s held in Dacca during the week of July 10th which were attended by members of the Save the Children staff in Dacca (Director Deputy Director Pro~ram Officers and Program Trainee) Discussions included a Judgement as to whether a given target could be achieved by the end of Phase 11 of the OPG in August 1982 In cases Ihere the ~roup felt that the ttrget was unrealistically high modification ~as recomended --

A PROGRM PLANNING

1 I~t~espect to program planning estab1ishprepar~ the following

~ Str~i~s and imR1ementation plan for each maj~r developshyment sector

Stra~eqies and iMplementation plans have been fully deveshyloped for our Iomens Program (r1ay 19UO) and a draft strate~ for health rlutrition and family planning (HNFP) has been prepared by our HNFP program officer in Dacca Dr ffzal Hossain and a consultant from Iestport Nancy Terreri

After the draft has been discussed by the Program Staff and finalized the proposed strategy will be shared with the HNFP Advisory ommittee for their review and comments The other sectoral strategies (Food Production and Educa ti on-L i teracy) 1i11 be developed before the end of the grant

b Sectora 1 Advi sory Corrani ttee fot each of these sectors

Discussion with Program Staff centered on the purpose of these Advi sory Commi ttees wh i ch a re to cons i s t of 3-5 qualified members involved in or knowledgable about applied development These committees will serve as r~ources) net (1r d~velopin~ sJctorltl ~t(tegis but rather for critical analysis and comment on the drafts prepared and presented by SCF It is expected that these advisory c~m~itteuroes will share their expertise and help us to identify successful programs of other agencies in Bangladesh from which we may borrow iAeas and learn 1 essons

The major obstacle 1e have faced in the past year is time Often the busy professionals that we want feel that there is too much of a commitment involved in serving on an Advi sory COll1l1i ttee Therefore we are thi nk i ng of changi ng the name t but mai nt1i ni ng tile function A group of professionals 1ould be invited simply to attend a meeting at which various subjects relating to partishycular SCF sectoral program would be discussed This informal approach 4i 11 hopefully ensure greater particishypation

Progress The Homens Advisory Committee has been fonned the HNFP members identified~ and the remaining two committees will be formed by the end of FY 1982

~ - bull I bull bull

-

Page 9

~age 10

c Impact Area Plans

No impact area plans have been developed to date for any aret Fol101ing our recent Field Staff Training Conference in July in which considerable attention was devoted to the subject of villa~e plans it appe~rs that there is a natural progression in ~ progrnffi such as ours starting with project planning (the stngc at which most of our field staff and village programs are now) to village planning (which we are movin~ toJards rapidly) to impact area planning Its unlikely that fIe Ii11 have detilihd formal area plans ready for all our four impact areas before the end of FY82 However the natura 1 pro)ress i on from project to vi 11 age to area planning has already begun~ and tie expect that the first step towards impact area planning will be taken within the next six months This first step will most likely consists of analysis and discussion of impact area planning at a future Field Staff Training Conference~ including identification of needs and prob1effis~ resources and potenshytial constraints and sectoral priorities based on need

d Individual Village Plans including scctc~middotal tarpets

To date most of the planning undertnken at the field level has been project or sector-ori ented However the fi e1 d office sees vi1la~JC level planning~ invo1vin) the villagers themselves as an important compon~nt of bottom-up develoshypment planninq Our ultimate noal is to increase and expand t~e vi 11 caer s undristnnci n~ of f ntegra ted development of

the vi11aae -s a middothc1e L veiorr1ent Hhich is ~ltimiddotscctoral

as well as beneficial to all socio-economic groups in the vi llagc As a first step in this regard a uJQ-day workshop for SCF Field Staff 8S held in Dacca August 10 11 SCFs Director of Training~ Mr Jairo Arboleda) and the AsiaPacific Regional Troinin9 Coordinator i tlr JI Kim organised and facilitated the sessions which included discussion about the importance of integrated dev~lopment planning at the villar~ level

Small group discussions centered on 1) identification of existing methods of village level planning 2) advantages and disadvantages of village plans 3) methods of introshyducing and establishing village plans

The di scuss i cns duri nq the lJorkshop revealed that the field staff although none of them have participated in

~age 11

the development of village plans in the formal sense have nevertheless [een applyi ng many of the same pri nci p1es and steps to pr~tect planning (with which they are all familiar) that should be followed in the oreparation of integrated development plans for the whole village specifically 1) information gathering and needs assessment~ 2) analysis of the information col1ected~ 3) fixing objectives 4) preparing a p1an~ 5) implementation of the plan 6) evaluation of performance~ and 7) re-p1anning The field staffs fa~li1iarity tith project planning provides a solid practical foundation on which they can build as they InClVe towards the next stage Ihich is villag~ plan preparati on

Field staff will he expected to transmit to VDCs and villagers in their respective impact areas what they have 1ealned about the preparation of a village development plan This activity is scheduled to begin around November this year The proposed method of implementation is desshycribed in the section Orientation of VDCs (CI)

Hith regard to program planning overall one of the responshysibilities of the Program Trainee who arrived in late January 1981 is liTo help develop project rJOnitoring and data collecting procedures sir1ple enough to be handled by SCF Field Staff and Vi11ane orkers Jfter reviewing the existing forms developed last year~ it was decided to start afresh but preserling the idea of village project files Prototype forms lere developed and shared with field staff during th2 recent Staff Conference (July 25-29)

~age 12

While the forms are still in draft form the basir compo- nents of this file (one per project~ to be maintained at the village level by the VDC Office Assistant with the

help of field staff) are as follows 1) Project Application Form (part of SCFs Field

Office Reporting SysteA) 2) Project ~10ni tori ng Form (one type for producti-

vity projects (nd one for non-productivity projects) 3) Project Participant Form (se class para repayshy

ment status etc) 4) Comment Sheet(~urrent status of project as seen

by Dacca support staff and other visitors) 5) End of Project Status

Thi s sys tern Ii 11 be introduced begi nni n9 wi th the FY 1982 Projects ~r r1ashud Assistant Accountant is now spendinn approximately h~lf of his time in the field trai~ ning VDC Office Assistants in financial matters and checking VOC financial records He Ii11 also help to

i ntroduci n9 the nel sys tern at vil1 age 1 eve1

2 ~ncouraQe a b3lanced program ith Landed FarmersLandless and Marginal Farmer~ Non-tgricultura1 villagers ~Jomen and Children and Youth havi n9 knol edge of and some benefi ts from SCF

SCF tries to work with all groups in the village and not any specific groups Landed farmers landless and marginal farmers and non-agricultural villagers continue to benefit from projects such as loans to small traders loans for rickshaws joint farming projects ~nd so forth These projects and groups are identified in Table 1 accompanying

Our women I s program clOd acti vi ti e for ch i 1 dren have been strengthened in the past year Childrens recreational projects have been standardized for all villages and include sports picnic and cultural activities As an additional step to ensure more equitable distribution of resources we follow a system of a random selection of children in each village Jho will benefit (approxinmte1y 200 per year) In this vay we Iill eventually cover the whole child population in a given village

The womens program has been emphasized and strengthened

in the past year through conscientious implementation of the program plan Three new Social Development Coordinators (SDCs)

have been hired~ bringing the total to seven for three impact

areas Counter~arts have been hired in all four villages of

tmiddotirzapur 9 four in Ghior und two in Nasirnagar All received a

one-week orientation course in larch Finally Para Development

Workers (PO~IS) are presently Norking in tlirzapur after receivhl9

their orientation in the same area~ and candidates have been

identified in the Ghior area

As regards a balanced pr09ramll~ SCF is aware of the

problems we face in tryin~ to re~ch all sections in a village

Therefore~ as a CO~1ponent of the rncent1y developed Standard

Base-l i ne 5urvay Fom (to b2 conducted in Ghi or soon) a questioshynnai re has been d(~ve loped to assess the extent of vi 11 agers I

awareness of SCF as an oraanization The results will give us a

better idea of who Ill are reach n9 (di rectly and i ndi rectly) by

socin-economic group and para He see this as an important

device for feedback at the rresent as well as data for future

evaluations

3 One or I1lOre income-producing projects for the 1illage Development

in each vi11age

This is a relatively new idea for SCF and represents a

serious attempt both to free our field staff from the time-consushy

mi n9 task of supervi sing loan collection as Jell as to decrease

the someti~s excessive balanCeS in the Village Development Fund

(VOF) This large fund often attracts local powerful and unscrushypulous individutlls J who try to control it anti turn it to their

Page 13

own advanbge Therefore e ~rc encouragi no the use of bank loans for i ndi vi due 1 producti vi ty 1roj(~cts _ and vi 11 a9c i ncomeshy

producing projects (such as vi11age gr~in st0rage~ village fish

ponds rental of agricultural ir1plcr](mts ~ etc) as guaranteed

income for the OF Examples of projects which have becn designed

primari 1Y to 1enerate income for the VDF are

Nas i rnagar

Villaoc fish pond

Handltleedir and reticide sprilyer r~rt-31

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

COnclusions

Judging from the results of the NC6t fiel~taff ~eJlCe

the metbod we ~ choampa fIw ~)(_ining the CBIRO mode in the ligtit of our past ~perience in Bangladesh seems to be a good one There was ~rQe sharinq of ideas and experiences Field staff exhibited a high level of interest and participation and a number of insights and ideas emerged which will be helpful to us as we consider possible modifications in our approach to community development modif~tions which will make oor program in BaIlgladampstt more effactiw

Introduction

PART 111 PROGRESS REPORT

Phase 11 of the OPG approved in September 1980 and made retro~ actve to August 1980) is designed as the final two years of a fiveshyyea r program The project pwpose whi ch is somewha t modi fi ed from that of Phase 1 (as a result of the official evaluation conducted in May 1990) is liTo strengthen and improve the major components of the project wherever necessary and also to give attention to better integration of the different components so that the rroject can be brought closer to the idea 1 of communi tymiddotmiddotbased integra ted rural deve10pfTI2nt The proposal sp(~cifies targets under the general headings of Program Planning Phasing Use of Outside Resources and Training An attachment to the OPG Phase 11 proposal in the fom of a letter to llSAJDf)acca from the ijirector of the Bangladesh Field Office of SCF targets (Tn CBIRD Model in Relation to the Governments Rural Development Prorram)) specifies additional targets~ which are included in this evaluation paper

An asse~ssment was mac1e of progress towards the specified targets up to July 1981 in me0til19s held in Dacca during the week of July 10th which were attended by members of the Save the Children staff in Dacca (Director Deputy Director Pro~ram Officers and Program Trainee) Discussions included a Judgement as to whether a given target could be achieved by the end of Phase 11 of the OPG in August 1982 In cases Ihere the ~roup felt that the ttrget was unrealistically high modification ~as recomended --

A PROGRM PLANNING

1 I~t~espect to program planning estab1ishprepar~ the following

~ Str~i~s and imR1ementation plan for each maj~r developshyment sector

Stra~eqies and iMplementation plans have been fully deveshyloped for our Iomens Program (r1ay 19UO) and a draft strate~ for health rlutrition and family planning (HNFP) has been prepared by our HNFP program officer in Dacca Dr ffzal Hossain and a consultant from Iestport Nancy Terreri

After the draft has been discussed by the Program Staff and finalized the proposed strategy will be shared with the HNFP Advisory ommittee for their review and comments The other sectoral strategies (Food Production and Educa ti on-L i teracy) 1i11 be developed before the end of the grant

b Sectora 1 Advi sory Corrani ttee fot each of these sectors

Discussion with Program Staff centered on the purpose of these Advi sory Commi ttees wh i ch a re to cons i s t of 3-5 qualified members involved in or knowledgable about applied development These committees will serve as r~ources) net (1r d~velopin~ sJctorltl ~t(tegis but rather for critical analysis and comment on the drafts prepared and presented by SCF It is expected that these advisory c~m~itteuroes will share their expertise and help us to identify successful programs of other agencies in Bangladesh from which we may borrow iAeas and learn 1 essons

The major obstacle 1e have faced in the past year is time Often the busy professionals that we want feel that there is too much of a commitment involved in serving on an Advi sory COll1l1i ttee Therefore we are thi nk i ng of changi ng the name t but mai nt1i ni ng tile function A group of professionals 1ould be invited simply to attend a meeting at which various subjects relating to partishycular SCF sectoral program would be discussed This informal approach 4i 11 hopefully ensure greater particishypation

Progress The Homens Advisory Committee has been fonned the HNFP members identified~ and the remaining two committees will be formed by the end of FY 1982

~ - bull I bull bull

-

Page 9

~age 10

c Impact Area Plans

No impact area plans have been developed to date for any aret Fol101ing our recent Field Staff Training Conference in July in which considerable attention was devoted to the subject of villa~e plans it appe~rs that there is a natural progression in ~ progrnffi such as ours starting with project planning (the stngc at which most of our field staff and village programs are now) to village planning (which we are movin~ toJards rapidly) to impact area planning Its unlikely that fIe Ii11 have detilihd formal area plans ready for all our four impact areas before the end of FY82 However the natura 1 pro)ress i on from project to vi 11 age to area planning has already begun~ and tie expect that the first step towards impact area planning will be taken within the next six months This first step will most likely consists of analysis and discussion of impact area planning at a future Field Staff Training Conference~ including identification of needs and prob1effis~ resources and potenshytial constraints and sectoral priorities based on need

d Individual Village Plans including scctc~middotal tarpets

To date most of the planning undertnken at the field level has been project or sector-ori ented However the fi e1 d office sees vi1la~JC level planning~ invo1vin) the villagers themselves as an important compon~nt of bottom-up develoshypment planninq Our ultimate noal is to increase and expand t~e vi 11 caer s undristnnci n~ of f ntegra ted development of

the vi11aae -s a middothc1e L veiorr1ent Hhich is ~ltimiddotscctoral

as well as beneficial to all socio-economic groups in the vi llagc As a first step in this regard a uJQ-day workshop for SCF Field Staff 8S held in Dacca August 10 11 SCFs Director of Training~ Mr Jairo Arboleda) and the AsiaPacific Regional Troinin9 Coordinator i tlr JI Kim organised and facilitated the sessions which included discussion about the importance of integrated dev~lopment planning at the villar~ level

Small group discussions centered on 1) identification of existing methods of village level planning 2) advantages and disadvantages of village plans 3) methods of introshyducing and establishing village plans

The di scuss i cns duri nq the lJorkshop revealed that the field staff although none of them have participated in

~age 11

the development of village plans in the formal sense have nevertheless [een applyi ng many of the same pri nci p1es and steps to pr~tect planning (with which they are all familiar) that should be followed in the oreparation of integrated development plans for the whole village specifically 1) information gathering and needs assessment~ 2) analysis of the information col1ected~ 3) fixing objectives 4) preparing a p1an~ 5) implementation of the plan 6) evaluation of performance~ and 7) re-p1anning The field staffs fa~li1iarity tith project planning provides a solid practical foundation on which they can build as they InClVe towards the next stage Ihich is villag~ plan preparati on

Field staff will he expected to transmit to VDCs and villagers in their respective impact areas what they have 1ealned about the preparation of a village development plan This activity is scheduled to begin around November this year The proposed method of implementation is desshycribed in the section Orientation of VDCs (CI)

Hith regard to program planning overall one of the responshysibilities of the Program Trainee who arrived in late January 1981 is liTo help develop project rJOnitoring and data collecting procedures sir1ple enough to be handled by SCF Field Staff and Vi11ane orkers Jfter reviewing the existing forms developed last year~ it was decided to start afresh but preserling the idea of village project files Prototype forms lere developed and shared with field staff during th2 recent Staff Conference (July 25-29)

~age 12

While the forms are still in draft form the basir compo- nents of this file (one per project~ to be maintained at the village level by the VDC Office Assistant with the

help of field staff) are as follows 1) Project Application Form (part of SCFs Field

Office Reporting SysteA) 2) Project ~10ni tori ng Form (one type for producti-

vity projects (nd one for non-productivity projects) 3) Project Participant Form (se class para repayshy

ment status etc) 4) Comment Sheet(~urrent status of project as seen

by Dacca support staff and other visitors) 5) End of Project Status

Thi s sys tern Ii 11 be introduced begi nni n9 wi th the FY 1982 Projects ~r r1ashud Assistant Accountant is now spendinn approximately h~lf of his time in the field trai~ ning VDC Office Assistants in financial matters and checking VOC financial records He Ii11 also help to

i ntroduci n9 the nel sys tern at vil1 age 1 eve1

2 ~ncouraQe a b3lanced program ith Landed FarmersLandless and Marginal Farmer~ Non-tgricultura1 villagers ~Jomen and Children and Youth havi n9 knol edge of and some benefi ts from SCF

SCF tries to work with all groups in the village and not any specific groups Landed farmers landless and marginal farmers and non-agricultural villagers continue to benefit from projects such as loans to small traders loans for rickshaws joint farming projects ~nd so forth These projects and groups are identified in Table 1 accompanying

Our women I s program clOd acti vi ti e for ch i 1 dren have been strengthened in the past year Childrens recreational projects have been standardized for all villages and include sports picnic and cultural activities As an additional step to ensure more equitable distribution of resources we follow a system of a random selection of children in each village Jho will benefit (approxinmte1y 200 per year) In this vay we Iill eventually cover the whole child population in a given village

The womens program has been emphasized and strengthened

in the past year through conscientious implementation of the program plan Three new Social Development Coordinators (SDCs)

have been hired~ bringing the total to seven for three impact

areas Counter~arts have been hired in all four villages of

tmiddotirzapur 9 four in Ghior und two in Nasirnagar All received a

one-week orientation course in larch Finally Para Development

Workers (PO~IS) are presently Norking in tlirzapur after receivhl9

their orientation in the same area~ and candidates have been

identified in the Ghior area

As regards a balanced pr09ramll~ SCF is aware of the

problems we face in tryin~ to re~ch all sections in a village

Therefore~ as a CO~1ponent of the rncent1y developed Standard

Base-l i ne 5urvay Fom (to b2 conducted in Ghi or soon) a questioshynnai re has been d(~ve loped to assess the extent of vi 11 agers I

awareness of SCF as an oraanization The results will give us a

better idea of who Ill are reach n9 (di rectly and i ndi rectly) by

socin-economic group and para He see this as an important

device for feedback at the rresent as well as data for future

evaluations

3 One or I1lOre income-producing projects for the 1illage Development

in each vi11age

This is a relatively new idea for SCF and represents a

serious attempt both to free our field staff from the time-consushy

mi n9 task of supervi sing loan collection as Jell as to decrease

the someti~s excessive balanCeS in the Village Development Fund

(VOF) This large fund often attracts local powerful and unscrushypulous individutlls J who try to control it anti turn it to their

Page 13

own advanbge Therefore e ~rc encouragi no the use of bank loans for i ndi vi due 1 producti vi ty 1roj(~cts _ and vi 11 a9c i ncomeshy

producing projects (such as vi11age gr~in st0rage~ village fish

ponds rental of agricultural ir1plcr](mts ~ etc) as guaranteed

income for the OF Examples of projects which have becn designed

primari 1Y to 1enerate income for the VDF are

Nas i rnagar

Villaoc fish pond

Handltleedir and reticide sprilyer r~rt-31

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

Introduction

PART 111 PROGRESS REPORT

Phase 11 of the OPG approved in September 1980 and made retro~ actve to August 1980) is designed as the final two years of a fiveshyyea r program The project pwpose whi ch is somewha t modi fi ed from that of Phase 1 (as a result of the official evaluation conducted in May 1990) is liTo strengthen and improve the major components of the project wherever necessary and also to give attention to better integration of the different components so that the rroject can be brought closer to the idea 1 of communi tymiddotmiddotbased integra ted rural deve10pfTI2nt The proposal sp(~cifies targets under the general headings of Program Planning Phasing Use of Outside Resources and Training An attachment to the OPG Phase 11 proposal in the fom of a letter to llSAJDf)acca from the ijirector of the Bangladesh Field Office of SCF targets (Tn CBIRD Model in Relation to the Governments Rural Development Prorram)) specifies additional targets~ which are included in this evaluation paper

An asse~ssment was mac1e of progress towards the specified targets up to July 1981 in me0til19s held in Dacca during the week of July 10th which were attended by members of the Save the Children staff in Dacca (Director Deputy Director Pro~ram Officers and Program Trainee) Discussions included a Judgement as to whether a given target could be achieved by the end of Phase 11 of the OPG in August 1982 In cases Ihere the ~roup felt that the ttrget was unrealistically high modification ~as recomended --

A PROGRM PLANNING

1 I~t~espect to program planning estab1ishprepar~ the following

~ Str~i~s and imR1ementation plan for each maj~r developshyment sector

Stra~eqies and iMplementation plans have been fully deveshyloped for our Iomens Program (r1ay 19UO) and a draft strate~ for health rlutrition and family planning (HNFP) has been prepared by our HNFP program officer in Dacca Dr ffzal Hossain and a consultant from Iestport Nancy Terreri

After the draft has been discussed by the Program Staff and finalized the proposed strategy will be shared with the HNFP Advisory ommittee for their review and comments The other sectoral strategies (Food Production and Educa ti on-L i teracy) 1i11 be developed before the end of the grant

b Sectora 1 Advi sory Corrani ttee fot each of these sectors

Discussion with Program Staff centered on the purpose of these Advi sory Commi ttees wh i ch a re to cons i s t of 3-5 qualified members involved in or knowledgable about applied development These committees will serve as r~ources) net (1r d~velopin~ sJctorltl ~t(tegis but rather for critical analysis and comment on the drafts prepared and presented by SCF It is expected that these advisory c~m~itteuroes will share their expertise and help us to identify successful programs of other agencies in Bangladesh from which we may borrow iAeas and learn 1 essons

The major obstacle 1e have faced in the past year is time Often the busy professionals that we want feel that there is too much of a commitment involved in serving on an Advi sory COll1l1i ttee Therefore we are thi nk i ng of changi ng the name t but mai nt1i ni ng tile function A group of professionals 1ould be invited simply to attend a meeting at which various subjects relating to partishycular SCF sectoral program would be discussed This informal approach 4i 11 hopefully ensure greater particishypation

Progress The Homens Advisory Committee has been fonned the HNFP members identified~ and the remaining two committees will be formed by the end of FY 1982

~ - bull I bull bull

-

Page 9

~age 10

c Impact Area Plans

No impact area plans have been developed to date for any aret Fol101ing our recent Field Staff Training Conference in July in which considerable attention was devoted to the subject of villa~e plans it appe~rs that there is a natural progression in ~ progrnffi such as ours starting with project planning (the stngc at which most of our field staff and village programs are now) to village planning (which we are movin~ toJards rapidly) to impact area planning Its unlikely that fIe Ii11 have detilihd formal area plans ready for all our four impact areas before the end of FY82 However the natura 1 pro)ress i on from project to vi 11 age to area planning has already begun~ and tie expect that the first step towards impact area planning will be taken within the next six months This first step will most likely consists of analysis and discussion of impact area planning at a future Field Staff Training Conference~ including identification of needs and prob1effis~ resources and potenshytial constraints and sectoral priorities based on need

d Individual Village Plans including scctc~middotal tarpets

To date most of the planning undertnken at the field level has been project or sector-ori ented However the fi e1 d office sees vi1la~JC level planning~ invo1vin) the villagers themselves as an important compon~nt of bottom-up develoshypment planninq Our ultimate noal is to increase and expand t~e vi 11 caer s undristnnci n~ of f ntegra ted development of

the vi11aae -s a middothc1e L veiorr1ent Hhich is ~ltimiddotscctoral

as well as beneficial to all socio-economic groups in the vi llagc As a first step in this regard a uJQ-day workshop for SCF Field Staff 8S held in Dacca August 10 11 SCFs Director of Training~ Mr Jairo Arboleda) and the AsiaPacific Regional Troinin9 Coordinator i tlr JI Kim organised and facilitated the sessions which included discussion about the importance of integrated dev~lopment planning at the villar~ level

Small group discussions centered on 1) identification of existing methods of village level planning 2) advantages and disadvantages of village plans 3) methods of introshyducing and establishing village plans

The di scuss i cns duri nq the lJorkshop revealed that the field staff although none of them have participated in

~age 11

the development of village plans in the formal sense have nevertheless [een applyi ng many of the same pri nci p1es and steps to pr~tect planning (with which they are all familiar) that should be followed in the oreparation of integrated development plans for the whole village specifically 1) information gathering and needs assessment~ 2) analysis of the information col1ected~ 3) fixing objectives 4) preparing a p1an~ 5) implementation of the plan 6) evaluation of performance~ and 7) re-p1anning The field staffs fa~li1iarity tith project planning provides a solid practical foundation on which they can build as they InClVe towards the next stage Ihich is villag~ plan preparati on

Field staff will he expected to transmit to VDCs and villagers in their respective impact areas what they have 1ealned about the preparation of a village development plan This activity is scheduled to begin around November this year The proposed method of implementation is desshycribed in the section Orientation of VDCs (CI)

Hith regard to program planning overall one of the responshysibilities of the Program Trainee who arrived in late January 1981 is liTo help develop project rJOnitoring and data collecting procedures sir1ple enough to be handled by SCF Field Staff and Vi11ane orkers Jfter reviewing the existing forms developed last year~ it was decided to start afresh but preserling the idea of village project files Prototype forms lere developed and shared with field staff during th2 recent Staff Conference (July 25-29)

~age 12

While the forms are still in draft form the basir compo- nents of this file (one per project~ to be maintained at the village level by the VDC Office Assistant with the

help of field staff) are as follows 1) Project Application Form (part of SCFs Field

Office Reporting SysteA) 2) Project ~10ni tori ng Form (one type for producti-

vity projects (nd one for non-productivity projects) 3) Project Participant Form (se class para repayshy

ment status etc) 4) Comment Sheet(~urrent status of project as seen

by Dacca support staff and other visitors) 5) End of Project Status

Thi s sys tern Ii 11 be introduced begi nni n9 wi th the FY 1982 Projects ~r r1ashud Assistant Accountant is now spendinn approximately h~lf of his time in the field trai~ ning VDC Office Assistants in financial matters and checking VOC financial records He Ii11 also help to

i ntroduci n9 the nel sys tern at vil1 age 1 eve1

2 ~ncouraQe a b3lanced program ith Landed FarmersLandless and Marginal Farmer~ Non-tgricultura1 villagers ~Jomen and Children and Youth havi n9 knol edge of and some benefi ts from SCF

SCF tries to work with all groups in the village and not any specific groups Landed farmers landless and marginal farmers and non-agricultural villagers continue to benefit from projects such as loans to small traders loans for rickshaws joint farming projects ~nd so forth These projects and groups are identified in Table 1 accompanying

Our women I s program clOd acti vi ti e for ch i 1 dren have been strengthened in the past year Childrens recreational projects have been standardized for all villages and include sports picnic and cultural activities As an additional step to ensure more equitable distribution of resources we follow a system of a random selection of children in each village Jho will benefit (approxinmte1y 200 per year) In this vay we Iill eventually cover the whole child population in a given village

The womens program has been emphasized and strengthened

in the past year through conscientious implementation of the program plan Three new Social Development Coordinators (SDCs)

have been hired~ bringing the total to seven for three impact

areas Counter~arts have been hired in all four villages of

tmiddotirzapur 9 four in Ghior und two in Nasirnagar All received a

one-week orientation course in larch Finally Para Development

Workers (PO~IS) are presently Norking in tlirzapur after receivhl9

their orientation in the same area~ and candidates have been

identified in the Ghior area

As regards a balanced pr09ramll~ SCF is aware of the

problems we face in tryin~ to re~ch all sections in a village

Therefore~ as a CO~1ponent of the rncent1y developed Standard

Base-l i ne 5urvay Fom (to b2 conducted in Ghi or soon) a questioshynnai re has been d(~ve loped to assess the extent of vi 11 agers I

awareness of SCF as an oraanization The results will give us a

better idea of who Ill are reach n9 (di rectly and i ndi rectly) by

socin-economic group and para He see this as an important

device for feedback at the rresent as well as data for future

evaluations

3 One or I1lOre income-producing projects for the 1illage Development

in each vi11age

This is a relatively new idea for SCF and represents a

serious attempt both to free our field staff from the time-consushy

mi n9 task of supervi sing loan collection as Jell as to decrease

the someti~s excessive balanCeS in the Village Development Fund

(VOF) This large fund often attracts local powerful and unscrushypulous individutlls J who try to control it anti turn it to their

Page 13

own advanbge Therefore e ~rc encouragi no the use of bank loans for i ndi vi due 1 producti vi ty 1roj(~cts _ and vi 11 a9c i ncomeshy

producing projects (such as vi11age gr~in st0rage~ village fish

ponds rental of agricultural ir1plcr](mts ~ etc) as guaranteed

income for the OF Examples of projects which have becn designed

primari 1Y to 1enerate income for the VDF are

Nas i rnagar

Villaoc fish pond

Handltleedir and reticide sprilyer r~rt-31

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

After the draft has been discussed by the Program Staff and finalized the proposed strategy will be shared with the HNFP Advisory ommittee for their review and comments The other sectoral strategies (Food Production and Educa ti on-L i teracy) 1i11 be developed before the end of the grant

b Sectora 1 Advi sory Corrani ttee fot each of these sectors

Discussion with Program Staff centered on the purpose of these Advi sory Commi ttees wh i ch a re to cons i s t of 3-5 qualified members involved in or knowledgable about applied development These committees will serve as r~ources) net (1r d~velopin~ sJctorltl ~t(tegis but rather for critical analysis and comment on the drafts prepared and presented by SCF It is expected that these advisory c~m~itteuroes will share their expertise and help us to identify successful programs of other agencies in Bangladesh from which we may borrow iAeas and learn 1 essons

The major obstacle 1e have faced in the past year is time Often the busy professionals that we want feel that there is too much of a commitment involved in serving on an Advi sory COll1l1i ttee Therefore we are thi nk i ng of changi ng the name t but mai nt1i ni ng tile function A group of professionals 1ould be invited simply to attend a meeting at which various subjects relating to partishycular SCF sectoral program would be discussed This informal approach 4i 11 hopefully ensure greater particishypation

Progress The Homens Advisory Committee has been fonned the HNFP members identified~ and the remaining two committees will be formed by the end of FY 1982

~ - bull I bull bull

-

Page 9

~age 10

c Impact Area Plans

No impact area plans have been developed to date for any aret Fol101ing our recent Field Staff Training Conference in July in which considerable attention was devoted to the subject of villa~e plans it appe~rs that there is a natural progression in ~ progrnffi such as ours starting with project planning (the stngc at which most of our field staff and village programs are now) to village planning (which we are movin~ toJards rapidly) to impact area planning Its unlikely that fIe Ii11 have detilihd formal area plans ready for all our four impact areas before the end of FY82 However the natura 1 pro)ress i on from project to vi 11 age to area planning has already begun~ and tie expect that the first step towards impact area planning will be taken within the next six months This first step will most likely consists of analysis and discussion of impact area planning at a future Field Staff Training Conference~ including identification of needs and prob1effis~ resources and potenshytial constraints and sectoral priorities based on need

d Individual Village Plans including scctc~middotal tarpets

To date most of the planning undertnken at the field level has been project or sector-ori ented However the fi e1 d office sees vi1la~JC level planning~ invo1vin) the villagers themselves as an important compon~nt of bottom-up develoshypment planninq Our ultimate noal is to increase and expand t~e vi 11 caer s undristnnci n~ of f ntegra ted development of

the vi11aae -s a middothc1e L veiorr1ent Hhich is ~ltimiddotscctoral

as well as beneficial to all socio-economic groups in the vi llagc As a first step in this regard a uJQ-day workshop for SCF Field Staff 8S held in Dacca August 10 11 SCFs Director of Training~ Mr Jairo Arboleda) and the AsiaPacific Regional Troinin9 Coordinator i tlr JI Kim organised and facilitated the sessions which included discussion about the importance of integrated dev~lopment planning at the villar~ level

Small group discussions centered on 1) identification of existing methods of village level planning 2) advantages and disadvantages of village plans 3) methods of introshyducing and establishing village plans

The di scuss i cns duri nq the lJorkshop revealed that the field staff although none of them have participated in

~age 11

the development of village plans in the formal sense have nevertheless [een applyi ng many of the same pri nci p1es and steps to pr~tect planning (with which they are all familiar) that should be followed in the oreparation of integrated development plans for the whole village specifically 1) information gathering and needs assessment~ 2) analysis of the information col1ected~ 3) fixing objectives 4) preparing a p1an~ 5) implementation of the plan 6) evaluation of performance~ and 7) re-p1anning The field staffs fa~li1iarity tith project planning provides a solid practical foundation on which they can build as they InClVe towards the next stage Ihich is villag~ plan preparati on

Field staff will he expected to transmit to VDCs and villagers in their respective impact areas what they have 1ealned about the preparation of a village development plan This activity is scheduled to begin around November this year The proposed method of implementation is desshycribed in the section Orientation of VDCs (CI)

Hith regard to program planning overall one of the responshysibilities of the Program Trainee who arrived in late January 1981 is liTo help develop project rJOnitoring and data collecting procedures sir1ple enough to be handled by SCF Field Staff and Vi11ane orkers Jfter reviewing the existing forms developed last year~ it was decided to start afresh but preserling the idea of village project files Prototype forms lere developed and shared with field staff during th2 recent Staff Conference (July 25-29)

~age 12

While the forms are still in draft form the basir compo- nents of this file (one per project~ to be maintained at the village level by the VDC Office Assistant with the

help of field staff) are as follows 1) Project Application Form (part of SCFs Field

Office Reporting SysteA) 2) Project ~10ni tori ng Form (one type for producti-

vity projects (nd one for non-productivity projects) 3) Project Participant Form (se class para repayshy

ment status etc) 4) Comment Sheet(~urrent status of project as seen

by Dacca support staff and other visitors) 5) End of Project Status

Thi s sys tern Ii 11 be introduced begi nni n9 wi th the FY 1982 Projects ~r r1ashud Assistant Accountant is now spendinn approximately h~lf of his time in the field trai~ ning VDC Office Assistants in financial matters and checking VOC financial records He Ii11 also help to

i ntroduci n9 the nel sys tern at vil1 age 1 eve1

2 ~ncouraQe a b3lanced program ith Landed FarmersLandless and Marginal Farmer~ Non-tgricultura1 villagers ~Jomen and Children and Youth havi n9 knol edge of and some benefi ts from SCF

SCF tries to work with all groups in the village and not any specific groups Landed farmers landless and marginal farmers and non-agricultural villagers continue to benefit from projects such as loans to small traders loans for rickshaws joint farming projects ~nd so forth These projects and groups are identified in Table 1 accompanying

Our women I s program clOd acti vi ti e for ch i 1 dren have been strengthened in the past year Childrens recreational projects have been standardized for all villages and include sports picnic and cultural activities As an additional step to ensure more equitable distribution of resources we follow a system of a random selection of children in each village Jho will benefit (approxinmte1y 200 per year) In this vay we Iill eventually cover the whole child population in a given village

The womens program has been emphasized and strengthened

in the past year through conscientious implementation of the program plan Three new Social Development Coordinators (SDCs)

have been hired~ bringing the total to seven for three impact

areas Counter~arts have been hired in all four villages of

tmiddotirzapur 9 four in Ghior und two in Nasirnagar All received a

one-week orientation course in larch Finally Para Development

Workers (PO~IS) are presently Norking in tlirzapur after receivhl9

their orientation in the same area~ and candidates have been

identified in the Ghior area

As regards a balanced pr09ramll~ SCF is aware of the

problems we face in tryin~ to re~ch all sections in a village

Therefore~ as a CO~1ponent of the rncent1y developed Standard

Base-l i ne 5urvay Fom (to b2 conducted in Ghi or soon) a questioshynnai re has been d(~ve loped to assess the extent of vi 11 agers I

awareness of SCF as an oraanization The results will give us a

better idea of who Ill are reach n9 (di rectly and i ndi rectly) by

socin-economic group and para He see this as an important

device for feedback at the rresent as well as data for future

evaluations

3 One or I1lOre income-producing projects for the 1illage Development

in each vi11age

This is a relatively new idea for SCF and represents a

serious attempt both to free our field staff from the time-consushy

mi n9 task of supervi sing loan collection as Jell as to decrease

the someti~s excessive balanCeS in the Village Development Fund

(VOF) This large fund often attracts local powerful and unscrushypulous individutlls J who try to control it anti turn it to their

Page 13

own advanbge Therefore e ~rc encouragi no the use of bank loans for i ndi vi due 1 producti vi ty 1roj(~cts _ and vi 11 a9c i ncomeshy

producing projects (such as vi11age gr~in st0rage~ village fish

ponds rental of agricultural ir1plcr](mts ~ etc) as guaranteed

income for the OF Examples of projects which have becn designed

primari 1Y to 1enerate income for the VDF are

Nas i rnagar

Villaoc fish pond

Handltleedir and reticide sprilyer r~rt-31

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

~age 10

c Impact Area Plans

No impact area plans have been developed to date for any aret Fol101ing our recent Field Staff Training Conference in July in which considerable attention was devoted to the subject of villa~e plans it appe~rs that there is a natural progression in ~ progrnffi such as ours starting with project planning (the stngc at which most of our field staff and village programs are now) to village planning (which we are movin~ toJards rapidly) to impact area planning Its unlikely that fIe Ii11 have detilihd formal area plans ready for all our four impact areas before the end of FY82 However the natura 1 pro)ress i on from project to vi 11 age to area planning has already begun~ and tie expect that the first step towards impact area planning will be taken within the next six months This first step will most likely consists of analysis and discussion of impact area planning at a future Field Staff Training Conference~ including identification of needs and prob1effis~ resources and potenshytial constraints and sectoral priorities based on need

d Individual Village Plans including scctc~middotal tarpets

To date most of the planning undertnken at the field level has been project or sector-ori ented However the fi e1 d office sees vi1la~JC level planning~ invo1vin) the villagers themselves as an important compon~nt of bottom-up develoshypment planninq Our ultimate noal is to increase and expand t~e vi 11 caer s undristnnci n~ of f ntegra ted development of

the vi11aae -s a middothc1e L veiorr1ent Hhich is ~ltimiddotscctoral

as well as beneficial to all socio-economic groups in the vi llagc As a first step in this regard a uJQ-day workshop for SCF Field Staff 8S held in Dacca August 10 11 SCFs Director of Training~ Mr Jairo Arboleda) and the AsiaPacific Regional Troinin9 Coordinator i tlr JI Kim organised and facilitated the sessions which included discussion about the importance of integrated dev~lopment planning at the villar~ level

Small group discussions centered on 1) identification of existing methods of village level planning 2) advantages and disadvantages of village plans 3) methods of introshyducing and establishing village plans

The di scuss i cns duri nq the lJorkshop revealed that the field staff although none of them have participated in

~age 11

the development of village plans in the formal sense have nevertheless [een applyi ng many of the same pri nci p1es and steps to pr~tect planning (with which they are all familiar) that should be followed in the oreparation of integrated development plans for the whole village specifically 1) information gathering and needs assessment~ 2) analysis of the information col1ected~ 3) fixing objectives 4) preparing a p1an~ 5) implementation of the plan 6) evaluation of performance~ and 7) re-p1anning The field staffs fa~li1iarity tith project planning provides a solid practical foundation on which they can build as they InClVe towards the next stage Ihich is villag~ plan preparati on

Field staff will he expected to transmit to VDCs and villagers in their respective impact areas what they have 1ealned about the preparation of a village development plan This activity is scheduled to begin around November this year The proposed method of implementation is desshycribed in the section Orientation of VDCs (CI)

Hith regard to program planning overall one of the responshysibilities of the Program Trainee who arrived in late January 1981 is liTo help develop project rJOnitoring and data collecting procedures sir1ple enough to be handled by SCF Field Staff and Vi11ane orkers Jfter reviewing the existing forms developed last year~ it was decided to start afresh but preserling the idea of village project files Prototype forms lere developed and shared with field staff during th2 recent Staff Conference (July 25-29)

~age 12

While the forms are still in draft form the basir compo- nents of this file (one per project~ to be maintained at the village level by the VDC Office Assistant with the

help of field staff) are as follows 1) Project Application Form (part of SCFs Field

Office Reporting SysteA) 2) Project ~10ni tori ng Form (one type for producti-

vity projects (nd one for non-productivity projects) 3) Project Participant Form (se class para repayshy

ment status etc) 4) Comment Sheet(~urrent status of project as seen

by Dacca support staff and other visitors) 5) End of Project Status

Thi s sys tern Ii 11 be introduced begi nni n9 wi th the FY 1982 Projects ~r r1ashud Assistant Accountant is now spendinn approximately h~lf of his time in the field trai~ ning VDC Office Assistants in financial matters and checking VOC financial records He Ii11 also help to

i ntroduci n9 the nel sys tern at vil1 age 1 eve1

2 ~ncouraQe a b3lanced program ith Landed FarmersLandless and Marginal Farmer~ Non-tgricultura1 villagers ~Jomen and Children and Youth havi n9 knol edge of and some benefi ts from SCF

SCF tries to work with all groups in the village and not any specific groups Landed farmers landless and marginal farmers and non-agricultural villagers continue to benefit from projects such as loans to small traders loans for rickshaws joint farming projects ~nd so forth These projects and groups are identified in Table 1 accompanying

Our women I s program clOd acti vi ti e for ch i 1 dren have been strengthened in the past year Childrens recreational projects have been standardized for all villages and include sports picnic and cultural activities As an additional step to ensure more equitable distribution of resources we follow a system of a random selection of children in each village Jho will benefit (approxinmte1y 200 per year) In this vay we Iill eventually cover the whole child population in a given village

The womens program has been emphasized and strengthened

in the past year through conscientious implementation of the program plan Three new Social Development Coordinators (SDCs)

have been hired~ bringing the total to seven for three impact

areas Counter~arts have been hired in all four villages of

tmiddotirzapur 9 four in Ghior und two in Nasirnagar All received a

one-week orientation course in larch Finally Para Development

Workers (PO~IS) are presently Norking in tlirzapur after receivhl9

their orientation in the same area~ and candidates have been

identified in the Ghior area

As regards a balanced pr09ramll~ SCF is aware of the

problems we face in tryin~ to re~ch all sections in a village

Therefore~ as a CO~1ponent of the rncent1y developed Standard

Base-l i ne 5urvay Fom (to b2 conducted in Ghi or soon) a questioshynnai re has been d(~ve loped to assess the extent of vi 11 agers I

awareness of SCF as an oraanization The results will give us a

better idea of who Ill are reach n9 (di rectly and i ndi rectly) by

socin-economic group and para He see this as an important

device for feedback at the rresent as well as data for future

evaluations

3 One or I1lOre income-producing projects for the 1illage Development

in each vi11age

This is a relatively new idea for SCF and represents a

serious attempt both to free our field staff from the time-consushy

mi n9 task of supervi sing loan collection as Jell as to decrease

the someti~s excessive balanCeS in the Village Development Fund

(VOF) This large fund often attracts local powerful and unscrushypulous individutlls J who try to control it anti turn it to their

Page 13

own advanbge Therefore e ~rc encouragi no the use of bank loans for i ndi vi due 1 producti vi ty 1roj(~cts _ and vi 11 a9c i ncomeshy

producing projects (such as vi11age gr~in st0rage~ village fish

ponds rental of agricultural ir1plcr](mts ~ etc) as guaranteed

income for the OF Examples of projects which have becn designed

primari 1Y to 1enerate income for the VDF are

Nas i rnagar

Villaoc fish pond

Handltleedir and reticide sprilyer r~rt-31

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

Small group discussions centered on 1) identification of existing methods of village level planning 2) advantages and disadvantages of village plans 3) methods of introshyducing and establishing village plans

The di scuss i cns duri nq the lJorkshop revealed that the field staff although none of them have participated in

~age 11

the development of village plans in the formal sense have nevertheless [een applyi ng many of the same pri nci p1es and steps to pr~tect planning (with which they are all familiar) that should be followed in the oreparation of integrated development plans for the whole village specifically 1) information gathering and needs assessment~ 2) analysis of the information col1ected~ 3) fixing objectives 4) preparing a p1an~ 5) implementation of the plan 6) evaluation of performance~ and 7) re-p1anning The field staffs fa~li1iarity tith project planning provides a solid practical foundation on which they can build as they InClVe towards the next stage Ihich is villag~ plan preparati on

Field staff will he expected to transmit to VDCs and villagers in their respective impact areas what they have 1ealned about the preparation of a village development plan This activity is scheduled to begin around November this year The proposed method of implementation is desshycribed in the section Orientation of VDCs (CI)

Hith regard to program planning overall one of the responshysibilities of the Program Trainee who arrived in late January 1981 is liTo help develop project rJOnitoring and data collecting procedures sir1ple enough to be handled by SCF Field Staff and Vi11ane orkers Jfter reviewing the existing forms developed last year~ it was decided to start afresh but preserling the idea of village project files Prototype forms lere developed and shared with field staff during th2 recent Staff Conference (July 25-29)

~age 12

While the forms are still in draft form the basir compo- nents of this file (one per project~ to be maintained at the village level by the VDC Office Assistant with the

help of field staff) are as follows 1) Project Application Form (part of SCFs Field

Office Reporting SysteA) 2) Project ~10ni tori ng Form (one type for producti-

vity projects (nd one for non-productivity projects) 3) Project Participant Form (se class para repayshy

ment status etc) 4) Comment Sheet(~urrent status of project as seen

by Dacca support staff and other visitors) 5) End of Project Status

Thi s sys tern Ii 11 be introduced begi nni n9 wi th the FY 1982 Projects ~r r1ashud Assistant Accountant is now spendinn approximately h~lf of his time in the field trai~ ning VDC Office Assistants in financial matters and checking VOC financial records He Ii11 also help to

i ntroduci n9 the nel sys tern at vil1 age 1 eve1

2 ~ncouraQe a b3lanced program ith Landed FarmersLandless and Marginal Farmer~ Non-tgricultura1 villagers ~Jomen and Children and Youth havi n9 knol edge of and some benefi ts from SCF

SCF tries to work with all groups in the village and not any specific groups Landed farmers landless and marginal farmers and non-agricultural villagers continue to benefit from projects such as loans to small traders loans for rickshaws joint farming projects ~nd so forth These projects and groups are identified in Table 1 accompanying

Our women I s program clOd acti vi ti e for ch i 1 dren have been strengthened in the past year Childrens recreational projects have been standardized for all villages and include sports picnic and cultural activities As an additional step to ensure more equitable distribution of resources we follow a system of a random selection of children in each village Jho will benefit (approxinmte1y 200 per year) In this vay we Iill eventually cover the whole child population in a given village

The womens program has been emphasized and strengthened

in the past year through conscientious implementation of the program plan Three new Social Development Coordinators (SDCs)

have been hired~ bringing the total to seven for three impact

areas Counter~arts have been hired in all four villages of

tmiddotirzapur 9 four in Ghior und two in Nasirnagar All received a

one-week orientation course in larch Finally Para Development

Workers (PO~IS) are presently Norking in tlirzapur after receivhl9

their orientation in the same area~ and candidates have been

identified in the Ghior area

As regards a balanced pr09ramll~ SCF is aware of the

problems we face in tryin~ to re~ch all sections in a village

Therefore~ as a CO~1ponent of the rncent1y developed Standard

Base-l i ne 5urvay Fom (to b2 conducted in Ghi or soon) a questioshynnai re has been d(~ve loped to assess the extent of vi 11 agers I

awareness of SCF as an oraanization The results will give us a

better idea of who Ill are reach n9 (di rectly and i ndi rectly) by

socin-economic group and para He see this as an important

device for feedback at the rresent as well as data for future

evaluations

3 One or I1lOre income-producing projects for the 1illage Development

in each vi11age

This is a relatively new idea for SCF and represents a

serious attempt both to free our field staff from the time-consushy

mi n9 task of supervi sing loan collection as Jell as to decrease

the someti~s excessive balanCeS in the Village Development Fund

(VOF) This large fund often attracts local powerful and unscrushypulous individutlls J who try to control it anti turn it to their

Page 13

own advanbge Therefore e ~rc encouragi no the use of bank loans for i ndi vi due 1 producti vi ty 1roj(~cts _ and vi 11 a9c i ncomeshy

producing projects (such as vi11age gr~in st0rage~ village fish

ponds rental of agricultural ir1plcr](mts ~ etc) as guaranteed

income for the OF Examples of projects which have becn designed

primari 1Y to 1enerate income for the VDF are

Nas i rnagar

Villaoc fish pond

Handltleedir and reticide sprilyer r~rt-31

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

~age 12

While the forms are still in draft form the basir compo- nents of this file (one per project~ to be maintained at the village level by the VDC Office Assistant with the

help of field staff) are as follows 1) Project Application Form (part of SCFs Field

Office Reporting SysteA) 2) Project ~10ni tori ng Form (one type for producti-

vity projects (nd one for non-productivity projects) 3) Project Participant Form (se class para repayshy

ment status etc) 4) Comment Sheet(~urrent status of project as seen

by Dacca support staff and other visitors) 5) End of Project Status

Thi s sys tern Ii 11 be introduced begi nni n9 wi th the FY 1982 Projects ~r r1ashud Assistant Accountant is now spendinn approximately h~lf of his time in the field trai~ ning VDC Office Assistants in financial matters and checking VOC financial records He Ii11 also help to

i ntroduci n9 the nel sys tern at vil1 age 1 eve1

2 ~ncouraQe a b3lanced program ith Landed FarmersLandless and Marginal Farmer~ Non-tgricultura1 villagers ~Jomen and Children and Youth havi n9 knol edge of and some benefi ts from SCF

SCF tries to work with all groups in the village and not any specific groups Landed farmers landless and marginal farmers and non-agricultural villagers continue to benefit from projects such as loans to small traders loans for rickshaws joint farming projects ~nd so forth These projects and groups are identified in Table 1 accompanying

Our women I s program clOd acti vi ti e for ch i 1 dren have been strengthened in the past year Childrens recreational projects have been standardized for all villages and include sports picnic and cultural activities As an additional step to ensure more equitable distribution of resources we follow a system of a random selection of children in each village Jho will benefit (approxinmte1y 200 per year) In this vay we Iill eventually cover the whole child population in a given village

The womens program has been emphasized and strengthened

in the past year through conscientious implementation of the program plan Three new Social Development Coordinators (SDCs)

have been hired~ bringing the total to seven for three impact

areas Counter~arts have been hired in all four villages of

tmiddotirzapur 9 four in Ghior und two in Nasirnagar All received a

one-week orientation course in larch Finally Para Development

Workers (PO~IS) are presently Norking in tlirzapur after receivhl9

their orientation in the same area~ and candidates have been

identified in the Ghior area

As regards a balanced pr09ramll~ SCF is aware of the

problems we face in tryin~ to re~ch all sections in a village

Therefore~ as a CO~1ponent of the rncent1y developed Standard

Base-l i ne 5urvay Fom (to b2 conducted in Ghi or soon) a questioshynnai re has been d(~ve loped to assess the extent of vi 11 agers I

awareness of SCF as an oraanization The results will give us a

better idea of who Ill are reach n9 (di rectly and i ndi rectly) by

socin-economic group and para He see this as an important

device for feedback at the rresent as well as data for future

evaluations

3 One or I1lOre income-producing projects for the 1illage Development

in each vi11age

This is a relatively new idea for SCF and represents a

serious attempt both to free our field staff from the time-consushy

mi n9 task of supervi sing loan collection as Jell as to decrease

the someti~s excessive balanCeS in the Village Development Fund

(VOF) This large fund often attracts local powerful and unscrushypulous individutlls J who try to control it anti turn it to their

Page 13

own advanbge Therefore e ~rc encouragi no the use of bank loans for i ndi vi due 1 producti vi ty 1roj(~cts _ and vi 11 a9c i ncomeshy

producing projects (such as vi11age gr~in st0rage~ village fish

ponds rental of agricultural ir1plcr](mts ~ etc) as guaranteed

income for the OF Examples of projects which have becn designed

primari 1Y to 1enerate income for the VDF are

Nas i rnagar

Villaoc fish pond

Handltleedir and reticide sprilyer r~rt-31

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

The womens program has been emphasized and strengthened

in the past year through conscientious implementation of the program plan Three new Social Development Coordinators (SDCs)

have been hired~ bringing the total to seven for three impact

areas Counter~arts have been hired in all four villages of

tmiddotirzapur 9 four in Ghior und two in Nasirnagar All received a

one-week orientation course in larch Finally Para Development

Workers (PO~IS) are presently Norking in tlirzapur after receivhl9

their orientation in the same area~ and candidates have been

identified in the Ghior area

As regards a balanced pr09ramll~ SCF is aware of the

problems we face in tryin~ to re~ch all sections in a village

Therefore~ as a CO~1ponent of the rncent1y developed Standard

Base-l i ne 5urvay Fom (to b2 conducted in Ghi or soon) a questioshynnai re has been d(~ve loped to assess the extent of vi 11 agers I

awareness of SCF as an oraanization The results will give us a

better idea of who Ill are reach n9 (di rectly and i ndi rectly) by

socin-economic group and para He see this as an important

device for feedback at the rresent as well as data for future

evaluations

3 One or I1lOre income-producing projects for the 1illage Development

in each vi11age

This is a relatively new idea for SCF and represents a

serious attempt both to free our field staff from the time-consushy

mi n9 task of supervi sing loan collection as Jell as to decrease

the someti~s excessive balanCeS in the Village Development Fund

(VOF) This large fund often attracts local powerful and unscrushypulous individutlls J who try to control it anti turn it to their

Page 13

own advanbge Therefore e ~rc encouragi no the use of bank loans for i ndi vi due 1 producti vi ty 1roj(~cts _ and vi 11 a9c i ncomeshy

producing projects (such as vi11age gr~in st0rage~ village fish

ponds rental of agricultural ir1plcr](mts ~ etc) as guaranteed

income for the OF Examples of projects which have becn designed

primari 1Y to 1enerate income for the VDF are

Nas i rnagar

Villaoc fish pond

Handltleedir and reticide sprilyer r~rt-31

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

Ghior

Hand~eeder ard sprayer rental

Rangunia

Village fish pond Village grain storage

Mirzapur

2

1 2

Fruit orchard (Primary Health Center) 1

TOTAL 10

In addition to the above mentioned projects~ plans are undeNay to introduce communi ty frui t orchards in IcharJOti and Mi nagaji rshytila vi11agas (Rangunia) this year on an experimental basis Initial discussions have taken place rcgardino construction of low-cost village ~rnin storage structures in Rashiddeohata and Syedbari villages

4 Comparatively more projects tlith greater variety and a larger number of project beneficiaries at the enti of Phase 11

(SE~ TABLES 2 39 4)

B PHASING

1 Classify all 17 SCF villages into one of four development stages

Page 14

For convenience in classification the four stages of development for SCF-su~portcd villages have been specified in the Phase 11 Proposal 1S 1) Entry 2) ~ctive 3) Advanced 4) Self-Reliant (phased-middotout vi1laaes) middothi1e tentative phasemiddotmiddotmiddot out criteria cr( prepared by SCF BcH101adesh at the end of Phise I ~ cri wri a for dcterrori ni YlrJ th~ development stage n which each villa0e presently belongs have not yet been deveshyloped This i5 a relativ~ly simple job and the evaluation reviml tenm agreed to qive this high priority

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

The end of SeptE~mber has been set as a ta~get date for thiS

step Criteria will include process as well as development indicators

2 Complete phase-out in four or more villages

Ku1kurmai village in Rangunia the first village to be taken up by SCF in Ban~ladesh is being considered for phase-out in Fy82 I-iowever because SCF aoency policy relashyting to phase-out is still to be clarified no action can be

taken tolth re()ard to Kulkutlnai or any other SCF village until this Field Office and SCF headquarters agree on phaseshy

out criteria and other aspects of the phasing-out process ~~eanwhileJ tentative plans have he~n dram up to deal ~ith

antici pated phase-out needs For exampl e ~ some sort of a watch-doq body above vi 11 at]r l0vel ~ wi 11 probably be needed to watch an~ see how development funds are being utishy

lized i1 arw flhilsed-out vi11arc and ho projects are being manaCJI~d l thana ~ 1 eve 1 advi sorv corrnittce J cOrJ~Jsed of respecshyted leaders frol government nnd local institutions is one possible ~nswcr to this perceived need The Rangunia Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chairman ~nd the manager of a local hank in Rangunia hav8 already been approached in this regard and haVe indicated their 1ri11ingness tJ serve on such

an advisory committee In acidition~ the SCF BanH1adesh Director and staff have had preliminary t~lks with VDC

members and villaCJe leaders in Kulkurmli to explain what phasina out means and hav(~ discussea such practical matters

as ho the present village staff can be supported after SCF IIi thc1raloJs its fi nanci a 1 support from the vi 11 age

Re~ardina our tar80t of phase-out from four or more v1lla~es by the end of FY 82 pro1ress tolards the targets depends nai nlv upon hOl1 soon SCF headquarters and the Banglashy

desh Fiel~ Office can work out acceptable phnsing out criteria as well as nthrr important aspects of the phasing out process It seems unlikely that e middotJill be able to achieve our target of four vi 11 nges by AUClUS t 1 JR2 Two vill ages we feel is a more re~listic estimate under the circurlstances So we recoshymmend reducinl] the target from four villages to two

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

Page 16

Res pons bi 1 i ty has not been tllrned over to the Gram Sarkar in any SCF village yet The future of the Gram Sarkar program in the country is uncerta ina t present Not unti 1 after October 1911 1 ihen the national presifmtia1 election takes p1ace~ will anybody be in n position tQ predict whether rram Sarkar stays or goes

Expansion of SCFs pronram to 22 villages by the end of FV82

The eva 1 ua ti on team agreed that expandi n9 our program to cover a total (If 22 dlla~es lithin the next yeilr (00 new vi11a~es to replace phased-out vi11ages~ plus five expansion vi11ilHes) lOS too ambitiolls u target The possibili~ of expansion b~y0nd the present 17 scr vi11nges does exist but lIe wou1 d prefer not to commi t nurse 1 yes to nny preci se nunDer We feel th~t ~ commitMent to improving our programs in exisshyting vi1l3~es supervising phlsemiddot-out in UIO villages and startin~ up iJro~rams in tvO ep1acemEnt villages ill keep us thorcuqh1y occupied in the cominn year Entry into new vi llllges requi res a lot of attenti on and effort from both the field staff 1nd Dncc) staff Agreement on the method of entry must also be considered

c TRAINING

1 Orientation of VDCs

~o orientntion of VDCs has been conducted to dilte ~owever the first step in this direction has been taken with the introduction to vi11aqe plans thnt was ~iven to field staff in the rl~cent Field Staff Conference Field staff il1

be actively involved later in orientin9 VOCs and introducing them to the concept of ntegra ted rural d2ve 1 opment) inc 1 udi ng preparation of village plans 51) its essential that they und~rstnnd the concent and orOCESS themselves first

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

Page 17

VERC was identified by the evaluation revi~J team as a possible resource for the development of VOC orientation materials After preparation of materials the next step will be visit by orientation teams somposed of two or three SCF staff members~ and possibly someone from VERC to each impact area The teams lti 11 vi sit each VDG in turn J unti 1 all the villages have been covered He plan to have an orientation plnn and m~terials ready by November and begin field visits in early 1982

2 Occupational skills traLning for selected villagers

Nasi rnagar Twenty vi 11 age Iomen vlere trai ned by the Spi nni n9 and Cottal)e Industry Organization (Chorka Jltutir Shilpa) of Rrahmanbaria This organization provided 20 spinning wheels free of cost J and two women trainCl~s were sent to Kunda ThE training conti nued for four vleeks duri n~ whi ch time the women received a free supply of cotton for spinnin~ Of the original group~ nine are still actively involved in the project These women receive the raw materials from Ghorka Kutir Shilpa And spin in their spare tima at home The finished product is then tradEd back to Chorka Kuti r Shill1a in return for food subsidies of wheat and powdered milk~ in addition to Tkl50 to 2~

according to quality

f1irzapur In January four youths received training in fish cultivation in Tangail froM the Government Fish Department The trc1ining was held in January 1981 1 as ted th ree lCeks and tas funded by UNI CEF bull These youths willtin turn get involved in fish cultiva-tion at village levels each supervising the management of community fish pond Two such ponds are alreauy in operation in fHrzapur area

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

Page 18

a In Dherua village a group of women frompoor para

r~ceived trainin) in ~1ay in bamboo crafts The

trai ni nr Ias conducted for one month by a oman frorl C neifjhboring vi11aqr l similar course was

conducted in July for a group of 13 women from

Rashi ddeohata vi 11 aae Loan projects have been

planned this yeur for both ~roups of women The

crafts ~i11 be marketed locally

3 In-service and institutional train1l[i0r village IJlorkers

a Trainin~ for VDC Offica Assistants on financial manageshyment and srvmsorship Has held in Dacca July 29-31 1980

All 17 vnc [lffi ce ISSj S tants ~ ttended

b fIn ori entlti on Oksop for villge Or1cn 1 eaders in the

newly createJ position of SOC Counterpart oJas held from

Februnry 15middot20~ 11)81 Trp~~ Savar (BRACs Training Center)

pravi d-d thl filCi 1 i ti es for trai ni no ~ foo1 and lodgi n9

for the eight Cou t~rrarts vIho attended Phyllis forman

was the ~vera11 coordinator~ ~nd four SOCs served as

resourCQ rersons Our oon2ns Pro~r(lm Officer 1rs ~Iasina

Khi~ n J CS the lJIorkshop fd 1 i tD tor

c Countcr~t Training Ghior iilpact arearaquo on hea1thnutrishy

~ tinnfami1y p1anninn progran~ noril 1-3 1931 conducted

0 by Dr fifzal Hossain) HNFP Program Officer Discussion

focllssed an identificntion of health and nutritional

problems Clnd on family planning m~thods

d Py1 Trainin~ f~irZlpur ir1flllct area Scven Para Devalop-

1~le1t orkers (P~s) Herl~ hir~d in [1irzapur J where the

consolidation of health nutrition and family planning

~Jith the ollens pro~rin has tuke) place for the first time To rrovidQ ail (lDpropriate village setting we

sleeted the house of the SOC Count2rpart in Rtshiddeohata

vi 11 UltJC Rabeya Be9ulD for the JOrkshap

4 In-service training for scr staff

a fluru1 f1~r1~ Deputy Oirector~ participated in a three-week

staff trainin1 and orientation course aranged by SCF at

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

Page 19

SCF headquarters in 14estport Connecticut Ma~ 26 - June

12~ 1981 On his return journey Nuru1 A1am visited the

Intarmec1iate Techn010fIY Oevc1op~nt Groups (ITOG) Builshy

ding Trainin Center near 3irrl1in9ham~ England The main

purposl of this visit OIClS to follOl up In the low-cost

building techniques (jute-reinforced cement roofing sheets

grain stora~e structul~es~ etc) introduced by the TOG

team when they visited Ban9ladesh in February~ 1981

b Hosne Ira Khan our SDC in [1irzapur has been selected by

Canadian lorld Youth Exchange Program to travel to Canada

Clnd studv rural devG10pmerit thcre for thrue months

D OUTSIDE RELATIONS AND RESOURCES - -

1 Replace SCVUSAI D Funds llJi th bank loans for producti vi ty

projects ~JherevGr ross~ble

Nsirnag~r and Rangunia areas are currently replacing

SCFUSAIn funds with bank ~Jnds from the Bangladesh Krishi lank (BKR for joint farmina projects The Nasirnagar

SCF-RKR projeGt in Kunda vil1aqG has comr1eted its second

success fu1 Ymiddot1r f1epaymenc lind harves ts have both been

excellent Tha project wa~ expand2d this year to cover 650

acres and benefit 400 Srillll and ITInrgina1 frlrmers In tlinashy

gazirti1a Vi113f1C j Rrn~lIniil 150 farmer5 covernu 301 acres are

invomiddotived In hoth SCh(~liles I3KB provides a loan to the project

participants in the forn of cash to th2 VOC and credit vouchers

to the Ban)ladesh igricultural Def~lopment Corp (MDC) The

VDC cash lOCln s rlistYibuted to fnrii(~rs for drainage costs

pump house construction~ transportation costs for diesel fuel ilnd incidental irrigation costs The credit vouchers to BADC

covers the provision of lo middot1ift pumps) diesel fuel and a

mechilni c [Ii scuss i OilS ar undeYlay I~ri th RKB to extend thi s

type of loan to othel areas and sectors

2 Maintain informal contacts with officials of different ministries at thana district and national level

Page 20

naintaining infonna1 contacts with government officials at all levels s an ongoing process Negotiations are undershyway with the Health Ministry for official sanction for our Primary Health Center (PHC) in t1irzapur We also worked closely with the Governments Housing and Building Resea~ Institute (HBRI) during the three-week training and research visit of the ITDG team in February

3 Use of Government services in different sectors at thana level

HNFP All our impact areas use the Governments family planning services at the thana level (f~irzilpur also uses the union level facilities) Use of t~ese facilities compensates for those family p1annin services Vlhich our village workers are not qUillified to carlmiddotY out Cooperation takes the fonn of visits by the Government teams to our villages or convershyse1y~ visits by villagers to nearby Government clinics for depoprevera injectiDns or sterilizations In addition the the Government provides contraceptive supplies to all our family p1annin~ programs

In the Ghior area the Government Union Sub-CentreClinic is located in Jabra an SCF village We provide the medicine for the villagers frOM our four villages in the area and the Government provides the services of a doctor and other clinic staff

As regards sanitation SCF works in cooperation with the Governments Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE) and UNICEF in the procurement of sanitary latrines for our villages In this program~ UNICEF rrovides the materials to DPHE t who in tun operates 1 oca 1 producti on centers SCF negotiates oyders wi th the Government motivates the villagers and ptovi des loans to the vi11 agers where necessary on an individual asis

Page 21

In a sirnil~r scheme 9 SCF works with UNICEF and DPHE in all our i~pact areas to secure safe drinking water supplies at

the vi11a9f level throurh installation of tubeJells

Use of ltJvnrnrlcnt s~rvicJs hns J1so included BADe irrigashy

tion fJci1ities for the Nasirn~gar and Ranaunin joint farming

projects Discussi ons arc in prO1feSS 1 bull Ii th later aoard officials rerl-Jrdin~ feilsibi1ity of a large roadside canal in Hasirnagar j for irri9ation fish cultivation and trnnsport Another joint Gov~rnD2nt-SCF enterprize was the inauguration of iI canf11-di~qina project in nir7apur J as rart of the national canal construction pro]Ynm President Ziaur Rahman cerptnoni ous ly opened the proqrlrr1 in Oherua vi llnge ~ Ii th our

VDCs takin~ a 1eaclinq role in providing local voluntilry labor

Education The ~overnmnt launch~d its nation-wide mass education (1nd libracy camp~iqn on FC~lrlJary 211930 (National

Languaqc Ony) In xlngunil our vncs fl1ned an activ0 role in the programs implementation VDCs and fie1d staff both were involved in ~otiv1tinD and teachin~ the vi11ag~rs Classes

i9re held f)utc1oors at niJht once J fortnight for a year Thnre 1115 one center in Syedbari) threG in ninagilzirti1a and two in Ichamoti

4 Inclusion of representatives from Government in SCFs advisory conmittees

Only one sectoral advisory conmittee has been fonnod so far (wollhlns pro1rar) nnd it does not include any Government official However i ts likely thCt~ LlS ~dvisory cOrrlnittees ilre formnd for other sectors duri ng the com ng months a few Government officils lJill be included

5 Study vi$its by SCr- staff to oter (gencies and projects

A schedule for perionic study visits by field staff to

the development ~rojects of other voluntary agenciesis under preparati on

Page 21

In a sirnil~r scheme 9 SCF works with UNICEF and DPHE in all our i~pact areas to secure safe drinking water supplies at

the vi11a9f level throurh installation of tubeJells

Use of ltJvnrnrlcnt s~rvicJs hns J1so included BADe irrigashy

tion fJci1ities for the Nasirn~gar and Ranaunin joint farming

projects Discussi ons arc in prO1feSS 1 bull Ii th later aoard officials rerl-Jrdin~ feilsibi1ity of a large roadside canal in Hasirnagar j for irri9ation fish cultivation and trnnsport Another joint Gov~rnD2nt-SCF enterprize was the inauguration of iI canf11-di~qina project in nir7apur J as rart of the national canal construction pro]Ynm President Ziaur Rahman cerptnoni ous ly opened the proqrlrr1 in Oherua vi llnge ~ Ii th our

VDCs takin~ a 1eaclinq role in providing local voluntilry labor

Education The ~overnmnt launch~d its nation-wide mass education (1nd libracy camp~iqn on FC~lrlJary 211930 (National

Languaqc Ony) In xlngunil our vncs fl1ned an activ0 role in the programs implementation VDCs and fie1d staff both were involved in ~otiv1tinD and teachin~ the vi11ag~rs Classes

i9re held f)utc1oors at niJht once J fortnight for a year Thnre 1115 one center in Syedbari) threG in ninagilzirti1a and two in Ichamoti

4 Inclusion of representatives from Government in SCFs advisory conmittees

Only one sectoral advisory conmittee has been fonnod so far (wollhlns pro1rar) nnd it does not include any Government official However i ts likely thCt~ LlS ~dvisory cOrrlnittees ilre formnd for other sectors duri ng the com ng months a few Government officils lJill be included

5 Study vi$its by SCr- staff to oter (gencies and projects

A schedule for perionic study visits by field staff to

the development ~rojects of other voluntary agenciesis under preparati on

The visits will begin in September or October and will probably start with one FC and one SDC visiting Gono Unnayan

Prochestas pro~ram in Faridpur district

Our Actinf Program Chief i1r Am1nul Islam~ visited the

following organizations as the SCFs representative to INTERCHANGE a private orqanization which urranges occasional worJhops for on ti ona 1 and i nternati Gna 1 voluntary organ za-

poundovernroent offi ci a 1 s tons and locafl to share ldeas and eXpCrlpnces on different aspects of developlTlEnt tlr Islam attended three such workshy

shops duri nq tha pas t y~ar ~ organi sed hy Proshi ka Jagoroni Chakra and f-ono Unnayan Prochesta respective1y

One day of tile SOC Counterpart trai ni ng for vi 11 age woroon

leaders held if) narc~ a5 devoted to a field trip to BRAC

Manikganj to sce the womens sericulture program there

6 Participation by Subject matter specialists from Government and other agenc~e5 in SCFs regular in-scrvice training

Only two Field Staff Training Conferences hwe been held durin~ the period Auqust 1900 to August 1981 Since technical traininCJ relating to s-ctoral progra was not included in

~ither of th~se training conferences no resource persons from Government (Jr fror othllr private development agencies

wereinvjted to participate

E CBIRO lODEL II~ RELATION TO nJt-GLADE5t1 GOVERNtjENTS RURAL

DEVElOPMErn PROGH1

1 Organizing visits to SCF impact are~s by key Government

offi ci a 15 flom the i-ti ni secttrYJi iGRD C and the Pl anni n9 11 ni 5try

50 f~f no such visits to SCJ impact areas have been organi zed liowever plans are bei n9 made to do so possibly dur ng the corn ng i nter season

2 Provi de Government Ii th a steady flow of nfonnation about the proaress of SCF I S pro~lram

The Govarnrlen t receives copies of our Semi-Annual Report In addition) HBRI has received the full set of documents relating to the ITDG visit to Bangladesh last February We are in the process of introducing on additional type of report which Ie refer to as I project profiles I These projects profiles i11 be prepared giving full details about noteworthy projocts J such as the SCF-i3KB joi nt fanni n9 project in Na5irno~1Cr The Frincipa1 vCllut of such project profiles is as nformntion hand-out for Government departments as well as for public relation purpos~

3 Inte9ratc SCFs progr~m more closely with ttat of r~vernment by making more use of Government resources

Thjs point s covered in an earlier section relating to Use of Government sorvices in different sectors

4 Seck I1ilyS to (~ffectiJe1y trnnsfer to Gram Sarkars operating in our vill~ges practicol experience nnd 2xpertise which SCF has (]i)ined ~planning~ iJTIplcnJ2ntng 1nd monitoring integrat~d development ~rograms

Gram Sarkir com-1ittees list in all our SCF villages and Ie are informnlly $h~ring our experience and expertise with ther SCF community ccnt(rsiVDC offic~s in several villages are bein~ sh~red with GrJm Sa~kars and important decisions which aff~t the ohole village are usu(lly tak~n jointly with Clram Sflrkars hen phasing-out commenCJS in Rnngunln existing vncs will most likely hand over charq~ to Gram S~rkar cOllll1i ttees

Since Novermorl 1980 qroups of Gram Pradons (Chairman of Grnm Sarkar COmMittees) from different parts of tho country are being sent to langunil area for inmiddotmiddotservice training to observe SCFs development program

-1

Our VOCs and Field Staff were actively involved as resources in this process So far Q~O groups of Gram Sarkar trainees have visited Rangunia

have ltr 5 bull If Governrront approvesan SCF field staff member serve ol1j

J 0 ( the Gram Sa rkar Thana Adv sory Comni ttees

The statlls of the Gram Sarkar Thana Level Advisory Committee is unknown to us at the present However our

~~ phase out plan poposses fonnation of a similar convnittee at thana level to includ~ the Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chaiman Gram Prodhan and SCF Field Coordinator

6 Organise informal seminars involving key Government officials to di scuss di fferent approaches to rural development

So far no such seminars have been organizGd by SCF ~fter Oct~ber~ if the outco~~ of the presidential elections make it appear that the Gram Sarkar program will continue such a seminar may be organized Its focus might woll be the knowledge and expor1ence that SCF has acquired during the nine years or so that ~e have been involved with cOJmlunity cOllll1ittees (VDCs) in our rural development program and ways that this knowledge and experience might be transmitted to Gram Snrkl1r

~roup

Landed fanners

Table T

NUMBER OF DROJECTS BY GROUP

FY 1981

Rangunia Nas1rnagar

6 2

Landless amp marginal fanners 2 4

Non-agricultural villagers 3 3

~omen 2 2

Children amp youth 8 5

Total 21 16

Ghior Mirzapur Total 0 5 13

0 4 10

3 0 9

2 4 10

11 12 36

16 25 78

Note These numbers reflect only those projects pla~ned for specific target groups and exc1udPl projects that benefit the whole community such as H~FP public works etc -1

Ir1p ct Are

Rancunia (Pop 8019)

tIasi rnagar (Popl1OB1)

Ghicr (Pop 11500) -

]i r2 a pur (Pop 6210) Tote1

Public Works

(1290 beneficiaries)

5(21756)

2(4896)

8(27942)

Table IT

PROJECTS ANO~ENEFICIARIES BY SECTOR FY 1980

SocIal Agriculture middotEducation HNFP Welfare

6(687) 5(862) 5(8319) 2(3800)

15(16947) 11 (2558) 7(26034) 6(245)

7(553) 9(1941) 9(11 505) 6(2320)

24(1564) 6(1260) 4(6210) 1(250)

52(19751) 31(6621) 25(52068) 15(6515)

InaUStry Commerce Total

7(108) 26(15066)

12(9815) 56(77355)

6(184) 37(16503)

9(121) 46(14301) --

10 11 228) 165(123225 c ~Lf J1S

trotE The beneficiary figures shown in Tables 2 3 and 4 include a number of nu1tiple beneficiaries ie villagers who directly benefit from more than one project This is the reason why the total beneficiashyries figures in tables 2 and 3 exceed the total population figures

Impact Area

Rangunia (lop 8019)

I aSirnagar (~op 17081)

Ehior (Fop 11 500)

rirzapur (Pop 6210)

Total

Public Uorks

3(15519 beneficiades)

5(13700)

2(3292)

10(22511 )

Table m

PROJECTS AND BENEFICIARIES BY SECTOR FY 1981

Agriculture

9(872)

16(14272)

2(18)

21(4 11 024)

48(19186)

Education HNFP Social Industry tale 1 fa re Corrmerce

4(902) 8l112B) 6(l t 614) 2(17)

14(2906) 7(10411) 9(1987) 3(1824)

8(836) 6(15505) 12(1476 3(8)

7(973) 4(10607) 9(1184) 6(94)

33(5617) 25(47651) 366261) 14(1943)

r~ ~~omiddot ~~(jJ~~ k - ltf-~1

Totai

32(20052)

54(45100)

31(17843

4920174

166(103161

Table lV

C(11PARI SON OF PROJECTS BY SECTOR _ FY 180 AND F-Y81

Sector FY 1980 of Total FY 19R1 of Total

Pub 1 i c orks 8(27942) 4 10(22511 ) 5

P~ricu1 ture 52(19751 ) -25 48(19185) 25

Education 31 ( 6621) 15 33( 5617)~ 13

HtIFP 25(52069) 13 25(47651) - 13

Social Pe1fare 15( 6615 8 36CCisecti) 19

IndustryCommerce 44(10228) 21 14( 1 943 7

Total ~~~(1239~ 86 166 (1 03 ~ 169) 87 J1(03 )~)

~~ J7 r ~

Note 1 Ihi 1 e the number of i ndi vi dua 1 projects ha~ slightly decreased (by 11) during the past year the total number of beneficiaries has increased which we consider to be a more important indicator of performance

2 Percentages do not total 10(1 because certain activities ~hich are nornally listed as projects in our reports such as VDC administrativemiddotexpenses have not been included

I rJ~ I (

q(~e

Our VOCs and Field Staff were actively involved as resources in this process So far Q~O groups of Gram Sarkar trainees have visited Rangunia

have ltr 5 bull If Governrront approvesan SCF field staff member serve ol1j

J 0 ( the Gram Sa rkar Thana Adv sory Comni ttees

The statlls of the Gram Sarkar Thana Level Advisory Committee is unknown to us at the present However our

~~ phase out plan poposses fonnation of a similar convnittee at thana level to includ~ the Thana Circle Officer Union Parishad Chaiman Gram Prodhan and SCF Field Coordinator

6 Organise informal seminars involving key Government officials to di scuss di fferent approaches to rural development

So far no such seminars have been organizGd by SCF ~fter Oct~ber~ if the outco~~ of the presidential elections make it appear that the Gram Sarkar program will continue such a seminar may be organized Its focus might woll be the knowledge and expor1ence that SCF has acquired during the nine years or so that ~e have been involved with cOJmlunity cOllll1ittees (VDCs) in our rural development program and ways that this knowledge and experience might be transmitted to Gram Snrkl1r

~roup

Landed fanners

Table T

NUMBER OF DROJECTS BY GROUP

FY 1981

Rangunia Nas1rnagar

6 2

Landless amp marginal fanners 2 4

Non-agricultural villagers 3 3

~omen 2 2

Children amp youth 8 5

Total 21 16

Ghior Mirzapur Total 0 5 13

0 4 10

3 0 9

2 4 10

11 12 36

16 25 78

Note These numbers reflect only those projects pla~ned for specific target groups and exc1udPl projects that benefit the whole community such as H~FP public works etc -1

Ir1p ct Are

Rancunia (Pop 8019)

tIasi rnagar (Popl1OB1)

Ghicr (Pop 11500) -

]i r2 a pur (Pop 6210) Tote1

Public Works

(1290 beneficiaries)

5(21756)

2(4896)

8(27942)

Table IT

PROJECTS ANO~ENEFICIARIES BY SECTOR FY 1980

SocIal Agriculture middotEducation HNFP Welfare

6(687) 5(862) 5(8319) 2(3800)

15(16947) 11 (2558) 7(26034) 6(245)

7(553) 9(1941) 9(11 505) 6(2320)

24(1564) 6(1260) 4(6210) 1(250)

52(19751) 31(6621) 25(52068) 15(6515)

InaUStry Commerce Total

7(108) 26(15066)

12(9815) 56(77355)

6(184) 37(16503)

9(121) 46(14301) --

10 11 228) 165(123225 c ~Lf J1S

trotE The beneficiary figures shown in Tables 2 3 and 4 include a number of nu1tiple beneficiaries ie villagers who directly benefit from more than one project This is the reason why the total beneficiashyries figures in tables 2 and 3 exceed the total population figures

Impact Area

Rangunia (lop 8019)

I aSirnagar (~op 17081)

Ehior (Fop 11 500)

rirzapur (Pop 6210)

Total

Public Uorks

3(15519 beneficiades)

5(13700)

2(3292)

10(22511 )

Table m

PROJECTS AND BENEFICIARIES BY SECTOR FY 1981

Agriculture

9(872)

16(14272)

2(18)

21(4 11 024)

48(19186)

Education HNFP Social Industry tale 1 fa re Corrmerce

4(902) 8l112B) 6(l t 614) 2(17)

14(2906) 7(10411) 9(1987) 3(1824)

8(836) 6(15505) 12(1476 3(8)

7(973) 4(10607) 9(1184) 6(94)

33(5617) 25(47651) 366261) 14(1943)

r~ ~~omiddot ~~(jJ~~ k - ltf-~1

Totai

32(20052)

54(45100)

31(17843

4920174

166(103161

Table lV

C(11PARI SON OF PROJECTS BY SECTOR _ FY 180 AND F-Y81

Sector FY 1980 of Total FY 19R1 of Total

Pub 1 i c orks 8(27942) 4 10(22511 ) 5

P~ricu1 ture 52(19751 ) -25 48(19185) 25

Education 31 ( 6621) 15 33( 5617)~ 13

HtIFP 25(52069) 13 25(47651) - 13

Social Pe1fare 15( 6615 8 36CCisecti) 19

IndustryCommerce 44(10228) 21 14( 1 943 7

Total ~~~(1239~ 86 166 (1 03 ~ 169) 87 J1(03 )~)

~~ J7 r ~

Note 1 Ihi 1 e the number of i ndi vi dua 1 projects ha~ slightly decreased (by 11) during the past year the total number of beneficiaries has increased which we consider to be a more important indicator of performance

2 Percentages do not total 10(1 because certain activities ~hich are nornally listed as projects in our reports such as VDC administrativemiddotexpenses have not been included

I rJ~ I (

q(~e

~roup

Landed fanners

Table T

NUMBER OF DROJECTS BY GROUP

FY 1981

Rangunia Nas1rnagar

6 2

Landless amp marginal fanners 2 4

Non-agricultural villagers 3 3

~omen 2 2

Children amp youth 8 5

Total 21 16

Ghior Mirzapur Total 0 5 13

0 4 10

3 0 9

2 4 10

11 12 36

16 25 78

Note These numbers reflect only those projects pla~ned for specific target groups and exc1udPl projects that benefit the whole community such as H~FP public works etc -1

Ir1p ct Are

Rancunia (Pop 8019)

tIasi rnagar (Popl1OB1)

Ghicr (Pop 11500) -

]i r2 a pur (Pop 6210) Tote1

Public Works

(1290 beneficiaries)

5(21756)

2(4896)

8(27942)

Table IT

PROJECTS ANO~ENEFICIARIES BY SECTOR FY 1980

SocIal Agriculture middotEducation HNFP Welfare

6(687) 5(862) 5(8319) 2(3800)

15(16947) 11 (2558) 7(26034) 6(245)

7(553) 9(1941) 9(11 505) 6(2320)

24(1564) 6(1260) 4(6210) 1(250)

52(19751) 31(6621) 25(52068) 15(6515)

InaUStry Commerce Total

7(108) 26(15066)

12(9815) 56(77355)

6(184) 37(16503)

9(121) 46(14301) --

10 11 228) 165(123225 c ~Lf J1S

trotE The beneficiary figures shown in Tables 2 3 and 4 include a number of nu1tiple beneficiaries ie villagers who directly benefit from more than one project This is the reason why the total beneficiashyries figures in tables 2 and 3 exceed the total population figures

Impact Area

Rangunia (lop 8019)

I aSirnagar (~op 17081)

Ehior (Fop 11 500)

rirzapur (Pop 6210)

Total

Public Uorks

3(15519 beneficiades)

5(13700)

2(3292)

10(22511 )

Table m

PROJECTS AND BENEFICIARIES BY SECTOR FY 1981

Agriculture

9(872)

16(14272)

2(18)

21(4 11 024)

48(19186)

Education HNFP Social Industry tale 1 fa re Corrmerce

4(902) 8l112B) 6(l t 614) 2(17)

14(2906) 7(10411) 9(1987) 3(1824)

8(836) 6(15505) 12(1476 3(8)

7(973) 4(10607) 9(1184) 6(94)

33(5617) 25(47651) 366261) 14(1943)

r~ ~~omiddot ~~(jJ~~ k - ltf-~1

Totai

32(20052)

54(45100)

31(17843

4920174

166(103161

Table lV

C(11PARI SON OF PROJECTS BY SECTOR _ FY 180 AND F-Y81

Sector FY 1980 of Total FY 19R1 of Total

Pub 1 i c orks 8(27942) 4 10(22511 ) 5

P~ricu1 ture 52(19751 ) -25 48(19185) 25

Education 31 ( 6621) 15 33( 5617)~ 13

HtIFP 25(52069) 13 25(47651) - 13

Social Pe1fare 15( 6615 8 36CCisecti) 19

IndustryCommerce 44(10228) 21 14( 1 943 7

Total ~~~(1239~ 86 166 (1 03 ~ 169) 87 J1(03 )~)

~~ J7 r ~

Note 1 Ihi 1 e the number of i ndi vi dua 1 projects ha~ slightly decreased (by 11) during the past year the total number of beneficiaries has increased which we consider to be a more important indicator of performance

2 Percentages do not total 10(1 because certain activities ~hich are nornally listed as projects in our reports such as VDC administrativemiddotexpenses have not been included

I rJ~ I (

q(~e

Ir1p ct Are

Rancunia (Pop 8019)

tIasi rnagar (Popl1OB1)

Ghicr (Pop 11500) -

]i r2 a pur (Pop 6210) Tote1

Public Works

(1290 beneficiaries)

5(21756)

2(4896)

8(27942)

Table IT

PROJECTS ANO~ENEFICIARIES BY SECTOR FY 1980

SocIal Agriculture middotEducation HNFP Welfare

6(687) 5(862) 5(8319) 2(3800)

15(16947) 11 (2558) 7(26034) 6(245)

7(553) 9(1941) 9(11 505) 6(2320)

24(1564) 6(1260) 4(6210) 1(250)

52(19751) 31(6621) 25(52068) 15(6515)

InaUStry Commerce Total

7(108) 26(15066)

12(9815) 56(77355)

6(184) 37(16503)

9(121) 46(14301) --

10 11 228) 165(123225 c ~Lf J1S

trotE The beneficiary figures shown in Tables 2 3 and 4 include a number of nu1tiple beneficiaries ie villagers who directly benefit from more than one project This is the reason why the total beneficiashyries figures in tables 2 and 3 exceed the total population figures

Impact Area

Rangunia (lop 8019)

I aSirnagar (~op 17081)

Ehior (Fop 11 500)

rirzapur (Pop 6210)

Total

Public Uorks

3(15519 beneficiades)

5(13700)

2(3292)

10(22511 )

Table m

PROJECTS AND BENEFICIARIES BY SECTOR FY 1981

Agriculture

9(872)

16(14272)

2(18)

21(4 11 024)

48(19186)

Education HNFP Social Industry tale 1 fa re Corrmerce

4(902) 8l112B) 6(l t 614) 2(17)

14(2906) 7(10411) 9(1987) 3(1824)

8(836) 6(15505) 12(1476 3(8)

7(973) 4(10607) 9(1184) 6(94)

33(5617) 25(47651) 366261) 14(1943)

r~ ~~omiddot ~~(jJ~~ k - ltf-~1

Totai

32(20052)

54(45100)

31(17843

4920174

166(103161

Table lV

C(11PARI SON OF PROJECTS BY SECTOR _ FY 180 AND F-Y81

Sector FY 1980 of Total FY 19R1 of Total

Pub 1 i c orks 8(27942) 4 10(22511 ) 5

P~ricu1 ture 52(19751 ) -25 48(19185) 25

Education 31 ( 6621) 15 33( 5617)~ 13

HtIFP 25(52069) 13 25(47651) - 13

Social Pe1fare 15( 6615 8 36CCisecti) 19

IndustryCommerce 44(10228) 21 14( 1 943 7

Total ~~~(1239~ 86 166 (1 03 ~ 169) 87 J1(03 )~)

~~ J7 r ~

Note 1 Ihi 1 e the number of i ndi vi dua 1 projects ha~ slightly decreased (by 11) during the past year the total number of beneficiaries has increased which we consider to be a more important indicator of performance

2 Percentages do not total 10(1 because certain activities ~hich are nornally listed as projects in our reports such as VDC administrativemiddotexpenses have not been included

I rJ~ I (

q(~e

Impact Area

Rangunia (lop 8019)

I aSirnagar (~op 17081)

Ehior (Fop 11 500)

rirzapur (Pop 6210)

Total

Public Uorks

3(15519 beneficiades)

5(13700)

2(3292)

10(22511 )

Table m

PROJECTS AND BENEFICIARIES BY SECTOR FY 1981

Agriculture

9(872)

16(14272)

2(18)

21(4 11 024)

48(19186)

Education HNFP Social Industry tale 1 fa re Corrmerce

4(902) 8l112B) 6(l t 614) 2(17)

14(2906) 7(10411) 9(1987) 3(1824)

8(836) 6(15505) 12(1476 3(8)

7(973) 4(10607) 9(1184) 6(94)

33(5617) 25(47651) 366261) 14(1943)

r~ ~~omiddot ~~(jJ~~ k - ltf-~1

Totai

32(20052)

54(45100)

31(17843

4920174

166(103161

Table lV

C(11PARI SON OF PROJECTS BY SECTOR _ FY 180 AND F-Y81

Sector FY 1980 of Total FY 19R1 of Total

Pub 1 i c orks 8(27942) 4 10(22511 ) 5

P~ricu1 ture 52(19751 ) -25 48(19185) 25

Education 31 ( 6621) 15 33( 5617)~ 13

HtIFP 25(52069) 13 25(47651) - 13

Social Pe1fare 15( 6615 8 36CCisecti) 19

IndustryCommerce 44(10228) 21 14( 1 943 7

Total ~~~(1239~ 86 166 (1 03 ~ 169) 87 J1(03 )~)

~~ J7 r ~

Note 1 Ihi 1 e the number of i ndi vi dua 1 projects ha~ slightly decreased (by 11) during the past year the total number of beneficiaries has increased which we consider to be a more important indicator of performance

2 Percentages do not total 10(1 because certain activities ~hich are nornally listed as projects in our reports such as VDC administrativemiddotexpenses have not been included

I rJ~ I (

q(~e

Table lV

C(11PARI SON OF PROJECTS BY SECTOR _ FY 180 AND F-Y81

Sector FY 1980 of Total FY 19R1 of Total

Pub 1 i c orks 8(27942) 4 10(22511 ) 5

P~ricu1 ture 52(19751 ) -25 48(19185) 25

Education 31 ( 6621) 15 33( 5617)~ 13

HtIFP 25(52069) 13 25(47651) - 13

Social Pe1fare 15( 6615 8 36CCisecti) 19

IndustryCommerce 44(10228) 21 14( 1 943 7

Total ~~~(1239~ 86 166 (1 03 ~ 169) 87 J1(03 )~)

~~ J7 r ~

Note 1 Ihi 1 e the number of i ndi vi dua 1 projects ha~ slightly decreased (by 11) during the past year the total number of beneficiaries has increased which we consider to be a more important indicator of performance

2 Percentages do not total 10(1 because certain activities ~hich are nornally listed as projects in our reports such as VDC administrativemiddotexpenses have not been included

I rJ~ I (

q(~e