European Union and Turkey

Yavuz ELBİSTAN / 20090111 “ European Union and Turkey “November 2012

Abstract:

Created by the destruction of the second worldwar in Europe, this is a bitter experience to ensurecountries cooperation led to go more fast. This is thefirst step taken to France, West Germany, Italy,Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg's agreementswith the Treaty of Paris in 1951 established theEuropean Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) , while thesame countries with the Treaty of Rome in 1957 of theestablishing the European Atomic Energy Community(EURATOM) and European Economic Community (EEC).

Since its foundation, the Republic of Turkey, isfollowing the way reach to the level of contemporarycivilization has always closely followed thedevelopments in the international conjuncture and haspositioned itself within international formations(OECD, NATO, etc.). Turkey has not indifferent to thedevelopment of European Economic Community (1958) wasdescribed as the greatest peace project in the historyof mankind. Structure is an extremely important timeof economic integration movement has become. Since itsfoundation, the direction was always towards to wentas a result, the Western European organizations usedto enter to Turkey. And on 31 July 1959 Turkey becameas an associate member of the community.

In this study, the name of the European EconomicCommunity , now known as the European Union'srelations with Turkey from the beginning EU will beNovember 2012 , the date of completion of the study ,

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examined. In this context, some of the issuesmentioned in the article are the signing of the AnkaraAgreement, entered into force by an AdditionalProtocol and the transition period, application forfull membership for the Customs Union in 1987 and in1996 beginning of the process; December 1999 inHelsinki Summit of Heads of State and Government ofthe European Union’s decisions about Turkey. Also, thefuture of Turkey – European Union relations, Turkey’srequests for European Union membership and a fullmember skip possibilities for Turkey and challangeswill be membership.

Signing of Ankara Agreement:

Turkey is first application for, EuropeanEconomic Community on "associate member" skip was funtafter the Greece’s appliced for membership in 1963.Then Foreign Minister Fatin Rüştü Zorlu's statement isinteresting in this regard: "Even if Greece beats,into an empty pool itself, does not leave him alone,do not hesitate to jump you" (Çelenkoğlu, Ersin, 2000:107). In September 1963 the European EconomicCommunity,Council of Ministers has accepteal Turkey’sapplication by signing Ankara Agreement which entredin to force on 1st December 1964.

Ankara Agreement, constitutes the legal basis forrelations between Turkey and the European Union. PrimeMinister Ismet Inonu signed, The European UnionAgreement and , defined as "Throughout the history of

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human nature, the body of the most courageous hashuman intelligence work." In Ankara Agreement thepurpose of the Agreement has stated in Article 2 asfollows: "Turkey and the Turkish people of the rapiddevelopment of the level of employment and taking intoaccount the need to ensure improvement of livingconditions, interruption of trade and economicrelations between the parties and to encourage abalanced strengthen." The Ankara Agreement Turkey'smembership of the organizing article of 28: "Thefunctioning of the Agreement, Justify envisaging fullacceptance by Turkey of the obligations arising fromthe Treaty establishing the Community, The ContractingParties, examine the possibility of Turkey to theCommunity. " This material is understood that thefollowing sentence; "The ultimate goal of the EueopeanEconomic Community - Turkey partnership relations,Turkey's full integration into the community."

Ankara Agreement, as stated in the preamble of,establishment of closer ties between the two sidesgradually Turkey's rapid economic progress of theliving conditions of and compatible with thedevelopment of the community in a shop; thus reducingthe difference between the Turkish economy and theCommunity economy; therefore taking into account theeconomic assistance deemed necessary, support effortsto upgrade the living standards of the Turkish peoplein the future will bring European Economic Community ,aims to facilitate the participation of Turkey to theCommunity. In addition to the Ankara Agreement, unlike

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the agreement signed between Greece and the Communityis not directly established a Customs Union. Greece,the Athens Convention enters into force, foresees theestablishment of a customs union regime, the immediateestablishment of a customs union with Turkey was notappropriate.

“Ankara Agreement, in accordance with the Turkey– European Economic Community partnership 3rd periodcan be summarized as follows” (Uysal, Ceren, 2001:142):

1.) Preparatory Period: According to the agreement5 years as prescribed but due to the prolongednegotiations 8 years, saying December 1, 1964 -December 31, 1972 comprising the years of this period,Community undertake to strengthen the Turkish economyone-sided obligations and ready for the transitionfrom the Customs Union is committed to bring.Determined by the Community of certain agriculturalproducts imported facilities recognition of thetemporary protocol and effects of the I. FinancialProtocol, decreasing the period of 1958 - 1964European Economic Community with the increase in theshare of Turkey's foreign trade occurs during theperiod 1964 - 1972.

2.) Transition Period: From 1 January 1973 entryinto force of the Additional Protocol on the basis ofmutual and balanced obligations of the parties in thisperiod, trade in industrial products aimed to the

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establishment of the Customs Union. Community, cottonyarn, cotton weaving and refined petroleum productsexcept, customs duties on Turkish industrial productsand immediately lifting restrictions, ease of certainagricultural products has provided also imported.However Turkey, Industrial products originating in theEuropean Economic Community tariffs applied bygradually removing the predicted 12 years, need to beprotected precision industrial products in extendedthis period to 22 years.

3.) Last Period: Last term partnershiprelationship between Turkey and European EconomicCommunity , 5th Article Ankara Agreement in thefollowing way highlighted: "The last period is basedon the customs union and entail closer coordination ofthe economic policies of the Contracting Parties."

Partnership regime in Ankara Agreement envisagedthe task executive, given the Association Council(art. 22). Partnership Council, the Turkish governmentmembers, representatives of the Member States and theCommunity Council and the Commission is composed ofrepresentatives (art. 23). Council, the AssociationCommittee shall be executed through the work. Alsoconsisting of eight members of the Turkish GrandNational Assembly and European Parliament on the JointParliamentary Commission (JPC), platform for politicaldialogue and democratic control of the parties isrequired to make the partnership.

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Effectiveness to the Additional Protocol andTransition Period:

Preparation period Turkey has not entered anyliability against the community. The Transition Periodis the period of preparation for the launch of theratification in the Turkish Grand National Assemblyduring the Additional Protocol , Members of theJustice Party and Republican Reliance Party yes whileusing Members of the Democratic Party, the RepublicanPeople's Party, Turkey's economic obligations arisingfor the Transition Period to have the vote arguing therefusal of the Protocol Added (Çayhan, Esra andAteşoğlu Güney, Nurşin, 1996: 99).

Signed on November 13, 1970, and in 1973, alongwith the Additional Protocol to the Ankara Agreementinto effect can be predicted in the Preparation Periodhas expired and the conditions for a "TransitionalPeriod". During this period the parties includeindustrial products, agricultural products and theprovision of free circulation of people and thecompletion of the Customs Union.

In 1971, within the framework of the Protocol,the community, Added some oil and textile productsimported from Turkey, except customs duties andquantity restrictions applied to all industrial goods,removed unilaterally. By contrast, Turkey's industrialproducts originating in the European Union concerningthe customs taxes and Customs Union gradually reset is

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actually known for a period of 22 years to takeeffect.

Transition Period with the beginning of the1970s, governments, reduction of the benefits ofTurkey's agricultural products, complained about theincrease in liabilities of industrial products. Inindustrial products,enlargement of the Community andproblems arising from the establishment of theEuropean Free Trade Area (EFTA) was born in, on theother hand emerging product and semi-finished goodsduty-free from the Community that give access tomarkets ‘Generalized Preferences System’ andrestrictions on textile products had a negative impacton the economy of Turkey. Turkey's competitiveadvantages as a result of the decrease in agriculturalproducts, Community, a variety of industrial productsin Mediterranean countries provide duty-free entryinto the Community Market and agricultural products torecognize privileges the 'Mediterranean Policy' wasseen.

According to the Additional Protocol Article 36of, should occur in stages between 1976 and 1986 in akind of free movement of workers could not berealized, contrary to widespread unemployment inWestern Europe after the oil crisis in 1974, stop theintake of foreign workers and has led to therepatriation of a portion. In 1980, West Germany, theBenelux countries and France visa for Turkish citizensto begin the application has added a new dimension to

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the problem ( Çayhan, Esra and Ateşoğlu Güney, Nurşin,1996:100 ).

Affect economic conditions in Turkey's relationswith the EC, coalition partner, the two parties MHP( Nationalist Movement Party ) and MSP ( NationalFelicity Party ), in the community oppose politically.Masons and that founded the Zionist and Christianunity EC membership, Greek, Armenian, and Posed returnto Turkey and defending the right to settle Jewsbought land, leader of the MSP Necmettin Erbakan,instead of "Islamic Common Market" proposed thecreation. MSP, Turkey – EC relations, the mostimportant effect of in 1976, Greece's application forfull membership in the community, due to thegovernment partner, Community countries came to noticein the case of applications submitted, take steps toprevent this issue in the form of Prime MinisterSüleyman Demirel ( Bozkurt, Veysel, 1992:37 ).

Turkey-European Union relations, the beginning ofthe 1980s until the second half of the 1970s, remainedunstable political and economic reasons. Following themilitary coup of at September 12, 1980 was officiallysuspended relations.In September 12, 1980 militarycoup in Turkey - EC relations will emerge as thebeginning of the most problematic politically.September 12, then a cautious attitude towards Turkeyin the European Community, who choose to follow thedevelopments in relations rather than immediately tosuspend, even IV. Financial Protocol was approved in

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June 1981. However, the National Security Council'sdecision to close all political parties, DISK( Confederation of Progressive Trade Unions ofTurkey ) 52 manager for the death penalty and PeaceSociety lawsuit added, from the autumn of 1981 theGroup became apparent negative attitude towardsTurkey, European Parliament (EP) was canceled inJanuary 22, 1982, a decision of the wing the JPC (Joint Parliamentary Commission), EP explained theCommission and the Council, the human rights anddemocratic freedoms in Turkey, pending, hasrecommended the suspension of financial assistance(Eralp,Atila, 1996:47; Çayhan, Esra and AteşoğluGüney, Nurşin, 1996:103).

Full Membership Application and Customs Union:

Established in December 13, 1983, Özal headed bythe ANAP ( Motherland Party ) government program " Tohave full membership of the European EconomicCommunity and relations with the main goal,will bebased on an understanding of balance in all phases ofour relations." is stated.

Re-establishment of civil administration in1983,and since 1984, Turkey had to leave quicklytogether with import substitution policies, Turkey hasstarted the process of outreach. Thus, suspended sinceSeptember 12, 1980 started the process of therevitalization of the Euroepan Economic Community -Turkey relations. Turkey, on 14 April 1987, AnkaraAgreement without waiting for the completion of

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specified periods, have applied for membership.Application for full membership centage points, Treatyof Rome "Partnership with the state and forming athird party to sign agreements of the Community" aboutunder Article 238 the is not axis of the AnkaraAgreement and the Additional Protocol, Treaty of Rome"Every European state may request to become a memberof the community" starting in the form of Article 237been done within the framework.

The Commission, December 18, 1989 announcedopinion about this application and completing theintegration of its internal noted that the Communitycan not accept a new member. In addition, the Turkeyalthough competent to participate in the community,economic, social and political development of the areashould be stated. Therefore, not determined a date forthe opening of accession negotiations and suggestedthat the development of relations within the frameworkof the Association Agreement.

Completely move away from the community in orderto prevent Turkey's cooperation with the Commissionthat aims to develop partnership relations was giventhe task of preparing the package. The AnkaraAgreement with the Customs Union's intended industrialgoods to be performed until 1995, until the day thatTurkey's 12 years of 50%, is 22 years listed in 40%discount provided by evaluating customs tariffs shouldremove said. Turkey's textile exports of agriculturalproducts and for talks to liberalise gradually;financial services, transport, energy, environment,science and technology, cooperation in areas such assummers; upon entry into force of the financialprotocol on financial cooperation 4 restart andstrengthening of political dialogue (Çayhan, Esra and

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Ateşoğlu Güney, Nurşin, 1996:132; Eralp,Atila,1996:55).

At the end of two years of negotiations held on 5March 1995 in accordance with the decision taken atthe meeting of the Turkey - European Union PartnershipCouncil with the Customs Union came into force onJanuary 1, 1996 between. Thus, the European Union -Turkey Partnership relation that is shifted to the"last period" (see III. Customs Union). The CustomsUnion, Turkey's integration with the European Union isone of the most important stages of the partnershiprelationship and for its goal of Turkey - EuropeanUnion relations, has a separate dimension.

Turkey Has Become in the "Candidate CountryStatus” :

11-12 Vienna Summit in December 1998, for thepreparation of the full membership of the EuropeanUnion strategy for Turkey's needs, this is the sameline with the results of the implementation of theLuxembourg and Cardiff preceded. This may not satisfyTurkey's expectations has led to the current state ofrelations between the parties to the protection.

3-4 June 1999 Cologne Summit held in Turkey withno corresponding expression in the Declaration of thePresidency of the Republic, dated 5 June in relationto not be newspaper reports, will ground the way forTurkey's nomination until it is 61. and 62. Luxembourgand Sweden have drawn the head group of paragraphs toGreece by the Declaration issued on the grounds ofhuman rights violations. On 6 June the same newspaper

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dated news extracted from the text of the Declarationof the Turkish Government, "the European Union Councilto meet the Copenhagen Criteria required that alleconomic and political reforms poses next welcomescommitment. Council of the European Union, inparticular, to strengthen the efforts of the TurkishGovernment's democratic and social reforms in theSoutheast Country's, who tried to bring a constructivesolution to problems commitment welcomes. The EUCouncil, in this regard, on the basis of the Europeanstrategy for Turkey as a candidate to participate inthe process of joining the other candidates to includeparticipation by calling the appropriate meetings.Council of the EU, participation in the Europeanstrategy to prepare Turkey, to be held in Helsinki,and continue to develop energized the EU CouncilSummit, Turkey's EU Copenhagen Criteria and theprovisions necessary in order to meet the provisionsof article 6 of the Treaty of reforms to prepare aroad map for the European Council and the EuropeanCommission will ask." it is in the form of expression( Uysal, Ceren, 2001: 149-150 ) .

Turkey - EU relations, was held on 10-11 December1999, the turning point in the EU Heads of State andGovernment Summit in Helsinki. The Helsinki Summit,Turkey's candidacy will be other candidate countriesofficially approved and equal position in clear andprecise language. The Helsinki Summit, as well as forthe other candidate countries Turkey accessionpartnership Document in preparation for the decision.

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The first accession partnership Document for Turkey onMarch 8, 2001, and approved by the EU Council. On theimplementation of the priorities in the AccessionPartnership with the program and time schedule of theNational Programme, approved by the Government onMarch 19, 2001 was sent to the European Commission onMarch 26, 2001.

Turkey’s attempt to fulfil the Copenhagenpolitical criteria and discusses these in a detailedmanner. In this rather long section, our aim is tohighlight the main problem areas in democraticgovernance in Turkey and how the AKP ( Justice andDevelopment Party ) government has been dealing withthem. We have given little attention to some of theprincipal constitutional and institutional features ofTurkey’s political system, such as the workings of itsparliamentary system or the principle offices of thestate (presidency, prime ministry, cabinet ofministers). ( Aydın, Senem and Keyman, Fuat, 2004: 4 )

Accession Partnership Document by the EuropeanUnion, 2003, 2005, 2006 and 2008, again reviewed.National Program has been updated in the 2003, 2005and 2008. On the way to membership of the EuropeanUnion's commitment to efforts to reform the politicalwill which at every turn, the acceleration. Thus, thefact that a prerequisite for the opening ofnegotiations, political criteria compliance Act for anintensive Assembly packages. Extend the scope offundamental rights and freedoms, democracy, the ruleof law, the idea that freedom of expression and humanrights to strengthen existing arrangements, and to

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secure areas such as reforms continued. The firstadaptation of the Law in the context of the TurkishPenal Code on freedom of thought with a suite of 159and 312 of the Counter-terrorism law with theprovisions of articles 7 and 8 were adopted on 6February 2002 changes to.

Grand National Assembly of Turkey on March 26,2002, in Compliance with the second package ofLegislation adopted to hold meetings and demonstrationMarches with the associations law, modified the law,restrictions have been reduced. Torture and illtreatment, the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR)to be paid by that handle these crimes while ruled bydamages, the closure of political parties difficult.The concept of "prohibited language" in the Press Lawhas been removed.

August 3, 2002, within the framework of the thirdwith a package of Law amendment to adapt todevelopments on the death penalty has been commuted tolife imprisonment, rather than by removing the heavy.Barriers to minority communities that immovables knownthat has been addressed has been assigned the radioand television edit of the Kurdish broadcast to be putinto practice. In addition, the Court's reason for hisdecisions to prosecute again against Turkey to be madewith regard to the change.

The fourth adaptation of Laws have been adoptedon January 2, 2002 in Grand National Assembly of

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Turkey the package. With this package, the politicalprohibitions are anti-aliased. Based on the decisionsof the fifth adaptation of the Law to prosecute to theECHR with the package again.

On 3 July 2003 the sixth Harmonization package ofLegislation has been adopted in the Grand NationalAssembly of Turkey. Compliance with article 8 of theanti-terrorism Act Package has been removed. Privatetelevision has been broadcasting in Kurdish on TRT'swith good amenities, State Security Courts toprosecute the differences that exist between othercourts with the last.

On 30 July 2003, the seventh Adjustment LawPackage on eradicating. Packaged with the authority bychanging the definition of the National SecurityCouncil's task has some limitations. In addition, theCourt's military spending partly checking. Theprosecution in the courts of peace-time militarycivilians. Priority of the handling has been able toprosecute torture crimes, immoral publications intorecent destruction. The Association and set up theFoundation, is the relaxed restrictions on freedoms ofdemonstration topics ( Karluk, Rıdvan; Tonus, Özgür,2004: 11 – 12 ).

In the Turkish context, the issue of human rightsis very much linked with the treatment ofminorities,particularly the Kurds. Turkey’s humanrights record was poor in the 1990s, mostly owing tothe measures taken to combat PKK terrorism. The mostsignificant of such measures was the state ofemergency that extended to cover ten cities (where the

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military and governors enjoyed immense power), theestablishment of the village guards system and theAnti-Terror Law, which contained severe restrictionson human rights and liberties. ( Aydın, Senem andKeyman, Fuat, 2004 )

In this context, between the years 2002-2004, 8Harmony Package, in 2001 and 2004, it also has theConstitutional 2 Packages Assembly. December 17, 2004the Brussels Summit, EU-Turkey relations than aturning point in Turkey's political criteria in thepre-industrial world the extent of the Summitreceptive enough indication that the decision wastaken to begin accession negotiations on 3 October2005.

The Intergovernmental Conference held inLuxembourg on 3 October 2005 with Turkey formallybegan accession negotiations to the EU. Again the sameday by the Negotiating Framework Document for a pressconference in Turkey. Thus, the relationship betweenTurkey and the EU is a very important turning pointrolling across a brand new unless. Starting on 3October 2005 negotiations are expected to last until2014. In this process, 35 topics to be discussed, thetitle of the individual termination of negotiations onparticipation Agreements between European Union MemberStates and candidate countries signed as both sides.

EU Accession Negotiations:

The European Union Heads of State and GovernmentSummit of 17 December 2004 in accordance with thedecision made in Luxembourg on 3 October 2005 withTurkey accession negotiations to the European UnionIntergovernmental Conference started officially. Thus,

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the relationship between Turkey and the European Unionis a very important turning point rolling across abrand new unless. Intergovernmental Conferencenegotiations on October 3, 2005, which regulates theprocedure and within the framework of be carried out"Negotiating Framework" was also adopted. Thisdocument is analyzed, the negotiations are carried outthrough three basic elements.

1- The implementation of the Copenhagen politicalcriteria as a deepening of the political reforms andinternalization, without exception,

2- Assuming the European Union Acquis and itsimplementation,

3- Strengthening civil society dialogue and inthis framework, both Turkey and the EU countries topublicize to the public is a communication tabledmotions, strategy execution.

Opening of negotiations with Turkey, with thepolitical Copenhagen Criteria have been met to theextent possible is not enough. After this stage, theEuropean Union, Turkey will continue to watch closelyin this field of applications. Economic developmentsin this field, although the negotiations topiccriteria, throughout the negotiation process befollowed closely by the European Union at the talkswill be available as a criterion in the titles of somewith the acquis. The important thing is to continue asustainable economy for the stability policy,especially the reduction of financial imbalances andinflation with a disciplined way of struggle.

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Is the name given to the EU acquis in the EUlegal system. It consists of approximately 120thousand pages. Change to the treaties of the EU, andthen joins the EU accession candidate countries signthe agreements into the Council, Commission, Court ofJustice of the European communities, as well asCommunity bodies by all legislation. Within theframework of the Accession Negotiations that theacquis communautaire is classified under Title 35Western culture.

The first phase of the negotiations, which beganwith the "scanning". The main actors in this process,the European Commission and Turkey. Turkey's pre-accession process aimed at the preparation ofnegotiations and alliances "scan" under the EU acquisduring the period mainly provides information aboutlegislation with the EU acquis, the candidatecountries are the differences between legislation andcompliance process is very likely to be fought in thisprocess, a public calendar and the problemsoriginated.

Shortly after the EU Accession Negotiations waslaunched on 3 October 2005, Screening Process wasstarted with a meeting on the chapter "Science andResearch" on 20 October 2005. Screening Process forall negotiation Chapters was completed on 13 October2006. Close the drop-down 14 heading 1,13 in thenegotiations are still in progress.The EU Commission'srecommendation is in negotiations with 8 partiallysuspended.

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Turkey's EU energy acquis compliance processbegan immediately after the 1999 - Helsinki Summit.Within the framework of the internal market acquiscompliance energy EU energy our industry was launchedin 2001 to restructure the reform process is stillongoing. In this respect, the legal studies field ofour country at the application stage has not yet beenrequested quite a way at some point.

Upon the completion of the screening process fora given chapter, the European Union Commissionprovides the member States a screening report. Theassessments and propositions in this document play thevital role of determining whether the chapter is readyto be opened. In these reports the European Unioncommission reviews the information given by Turkeyduring the screening process and according to thisinformation decides whether Turkey is ready for theopening of the specific chapter. At the end of thisdocument the European Union Commission either suggeststhe opening of the chapter according to the giveninformation or it presents opening benchmarks to befulfilled in order for this chapter to be opened.

Institutional Structure in the between Turkeyand EU:

Turkey and the European Community (EC) wasestablished with the Partnership Agreement between theregime and the execution of the aforementionedpartnership has been a corporate structure. This

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structure is of great importance in terms of thepartnership relationship with in the bodies found:

The Association Council: Turkey Ankara Agreementwith the 6th item European Community theimplementation of the development partnership betweenthe regime and the parties to provide the projected tobuild a partnership Council. Representative of theGovernment of the Republic of Turkey on the one hand,members of the Partnership Council, on the other hand,the representatives of the Governments of the Statesmembers of the community are composed of members fromthe Council and Commission. Varies every six monthsthe Presidency and end-to-end.

The Association Committee: The PartnershipCouncil, the Partnership Committee, Ankara Agreement,the 3rd paragraph of article 24 of the authority, toensure regular and continuous manner to perform tasksfrom the perspective of its decision No: 3/64, to helpset up an auxiliary organ in 1964. It’s task is toprepare the agenda and Partnership Council, thePartnership Council will, in accordance with theinstructions, to make investigations on thepartnership relation related technical problems.

Joint Parliamentary Committee: Turkey – EuropeanUnion Joint Parliamentary Commission of the Turkey –European Union partnership as the intended and thedemocratic control organ of the Ankara Agreement ofcreated in accordance with article 27. Turkey –European Union Joint Parliamentary Commission wassigned in Ankara on 12 September 1963 legal basis"Created a partnership deal between Turkey and theEuropean Economic Community of Article 27.

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EU - Turkey Joint Consultative Committee:Cooperation between Turkey and the European Union inmixed Consultation Committee, strengthening andinstitutionalizing the dialogue was created for thepurpose of social and economic.

The Customs Cooperation Committee: CustomsCooperation Committee with Ankara Agreement, thePartnership of Council, each Committee that can helphim to establish the tasks for competent on the basisof Article 24 that der 15.12.1969 taken on 2/69 withthe partnership of the Council resolution. On hisfirst meeting on the 9th of 12.11.1982, 28.10.1979after 10 years that is not collected by the Committeeon 3 December 1992, from the regular functioning and10 meeting of the Customs Union is in the process ofcompletion of the technical Partnership Council byaddressing the significant issues that has become aplatform for help.

Customs Union Joint Committee: The Customs Unionis established between Turkey and the European Unionapplication conditions laid out in accordance withDecision 1/95 of the Association Council, which isdirectly related to the areas of Customs Union( common trade policy, competition policy, customslegislation etc. ). Turkish legislation with EuropeanUnion legislation was adopted and continuedharmonization of policy, the Customs Union JointCommittee to implement this policy, a new organ wasinstalled.

What are the changes Turkey for became a memberof the EU?:

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1-Turkey's legislation on law, EU Law will bebrought into compliance (100 thousand page). Ideas andfreedom of expression of all obstacles will beremoved. The auction system will change, you willnever see the tender mafia business.

2-Democratic institutions (NGOs) operate freelyreinforced. In this context, refers to the very goodprojects for the EU civil organizations, a significantamount of financial program benefits will be able to.Turn off print on political parties lifted, partydifficult, the political bans will be lifted.

3-Bribery and corruption decisively on thedestination. Gang and mafia-like formations obsolete.You will end up political pressure on the judiciary.

4-Trade Union rights to be developed. To removethe obstacles to organizing. 'Is a member of theunion' the grounds that one can not be removed fromwork, person may sue thrown.

5-Environmental polluters, the traffic is veryheavy penalties for those who violate the rules willbe given. Developed public transportation systems.

6-European standards of education will rise.Expanded use of computers. Student exchanges takeplace within the scope of the strengthening ofcultural ties, Turkish students to read for one yearat schools such as Cambridge or the Sorbonne able togo their own school. Organized training programs forthe teachers and apprentices.

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7-Southeast problem will be completed byconsensus. Countries within the framework of the unityand integrity of the people in the region will becultural rights.

8-Radio and television to get lighter censorship,censorship of each to be forms of combat.

9-Cumbersome state institutions be abolishedimmediately. Privatization initiatives will beencouraged. Increase the power of the individualagainst the state organs.

10-The principle of secularism to be appliedwithout compromise, but every kind of religious beliefrestrictions will be allowed to express itselfwithout. Changing social life, 'the holy State' holycitizens' understanding will be passed.

11-Older children will be taken under specialprotection, support will be provided for all types ofdevelopment. The fight against drug programs that canbe implemented immediately.

12-Inspectors of the EU Council, all regulationsand laws came to Turkeysupervise, and place them in person will make thenecessary corrections.

13-Inflation necessarily fall. Minimize thedifference between inter-regional development. IMF( International Monetary Funds) prescriptions to beapplied strictly. Turkey's credit in internationalmarkets will increase. Large amounts of foreigncapital and funds that may be input.

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14-Trained in the reduction of the workingpopulation in the agricultural sector and there willbe shifting to other areas. Will be to combatunemployment.

15-Quality will rise and fall in parallel withthe increased competition. Health, justice andeducation services, the quality will increase.

16-Within the framework of the Patent Act,imitating the production of goods and brands, bringingheavy penalties, blocked.

17-Consumers will gain importance, according tothe legislation of European Union harmonization,exempt from fees and lawsuits concluded as soon aspossible 'consumer courts' to be established.

18-Develop the service sector, to open new areasof business.

19-Contact-communications and IT ( informatics )sectors will gain importance.

20-Prevented the sale of animal offal. Meats fromJanuary 1, 2003 will be put on labels, will includeinformation on where the animals were born and grew upwith. Hormone meat will be hard to follow.

21-Digital environments to live a great mobility.Media institutions will have to make changes.

22-Turkey is a full member, “TL” will leave theEuro currency. The European Central Bank to printmoney to undertake job. ( Çelenkoğlu, Ersin, 2000:112-114 )

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However; European Union pre-accession, as well aslong-term post-accession (post-accession) has thefunds. Turkey will be a member of the early 2014 up to2020 with an estimated the European Union does notseem likely to benefit from all the support programs.Until then, however, benefit from existing programs.

Conclusion:

In Turkey, after the Helsinki Summit, CustomsUnion, as well as steps taken in the air can enter theEuropean Union just created. A full member of the EU,Customs Union with the EU in 1996, we are movingforward was not enough, the Helsinki "candidate" fornot declared that Turkey will enter the European Unionas soon as possible can not guarantee that.

No undesirable candidate countries and Turkeycriterion is not included in the special request ofthe Copenhagen political criteria, consider to be asign of Turkey by the EU objective. Turkey at theCopenhagen Summit in December 2002, rather than justin the process of EU enlargement for the first timesince the negotiation of history "date" is given.Despite this discriminatory practice has takenimportant steps in the direction of Turkey's EUharmonization.

According to Commission President Romano Prodi inHelsinki, the wall was demolished in Turkey. However,more work to be done to move to the other side of the

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wall was destroyed there. Moreover, perceptions ofTurkey in the EU, Turkey still has to fight for theconcerns. November 9, 1989 the Berlin Wall wasdemolished, but the two united Germany, but on October3, 1990. For Turkey, this can not be in such a shortperiod of time.

Held on 12-13 December 2003 Summit of Heads ofState and Government of the European Union Declarationof result for the first time and then released,"Turkey should be to correct macro-economic imbalancesand structural deficiencies" are given in astatement.Today has gained a new dimension to therelationship between the European Union and Turkey. Anexample of this economic crisis in Europe. Turkey,less affected by the crisis than other Europeancountries. This is part of the confidence in Turkeyhas changed.

Tension in the Middle East, Turkey hashighlighted. Experienced this tension, Turkey acts asan intermediary between the Middle East and Europe.Turkey, a predominantly Muslim community of interestin the middle east and the Turkish leaders, increasedthe importance of turkey to Europe today.

The most important advantage of Turkey'sgeopolitical position.Turkey center of power of thestates, located in the center. Today, the powercenters of the geography of the world, the USA,Russia, EU, China and Japan.

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The future of relations between Turkey and theEuropean Union,if the European Union's energy needsand security policy to be shaped according to,moreopportunities and advantages that Turkey and EuropeanUnion, Turkey to defend the Union to exclude thatthere are no luxury. In addition, a high proportion ofthe Union's energy dependent country to be seen as adistinct advantage for Turkey. Security of energysupply closer to the policies of both sides at thesame time it wants to be in the energy hub in Turkeywill contribute to achieving this goal.

As the European Union’s enlargement commissionerGunter Verheugen has suggested, both the EuropeanCommission’s report on Turkey’s readiness to begin thefull accession negotiations and the European Union’sfinal decision at the end of the year should “use thesame methodology and benchmarks, the same criteria andsame rules” that have been applied to other newmembers of the European Union and should not have“higher or lower standards for Turkey” or involve“double standards”. “We cannot have double standards.We cannot have 100 percent implementations. We do notdo that even with our own countries” ( Keyman,Fuat(2004), No:2 )

The EU, Turkey, Turkey's young and largepopulation, and therefore are hesitant to "politicalcriteria" field releases of difficulty. In fact, largepopulation in the EU, means big trouble. The fact thatfree movement will be provided in the event of full

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membership, all EU countries, especially Germany, have

become concerned. In terms of membership of theEuropean Union to be a Muslim society is alwaysconstituted an obstacle. Turkey,in case of a fullmember of will be the first Muslim community in theEuropean Union. In Helsinki, the EU's biased attitudeof the partially softened. Turkey is a secular Muslim,the majority of people no longer clash ofcivilizations, but we have learned that willcontribute to meeting of civilizations. Helsinki, theEU's decision to become Christian ghetto, in spite ofthose who thought otherwise in the Union seems to havegiven up. Consequently, the EU will have the culturalwealth ( Karluk, Rıdvan and Tonus, Özgür, 2004: 21 ).

Cyprus problem is an important disadvantage forTurkey's full membership.Turkey to open its ports toSouthern Cyprus, is one of the preconditions for fullmembership offered. For example, the 2003 final reporton Cyprus' expectations regarding Turkey's EU deadlockcould pose a serious obstacle "to alert of 2004 hadshown it is very important for Cyprus. The EuropeanParliament, Luxemburg penned by Jacques Poos andreport was approved on March 11, 2004 on the island ofCyprus deadlock seriously affect expectations forTurkey's EU membership recalled. Politicaldevelopments between Turkey and the Europeancountries, show that membership is now closer. Thechanging management France, Europe in the economiccrisis, shows that as the savior of Turkey.

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But for Turkey, according to me; the EuropeanUnion membership policy is always going to be anessential, but to accept the conditions imposed shouldrealize that whether the road. Turkey's membership inthe union without violating its own lines is not arealistic approach to the subject. Democratization,human rights, rule of law and civilian matters shouldtake steps expected of them in Turkey. Both theobligations arising from the Customs Union, compliancewith the Copenhagen criteria as well as the work of anumber of political, economic and administrativereform to make it mandatory and every step closer toTurkey than the Union on these matters. Turkey doesnot want to stay out of the map of the future of theEuropean Union, for the realization of all the changesthat appear to be difficult for the moment to takeaction as soon as possible will be given the rightdecision.

References:

Güney, Aylin, Futures No: 37 (2005) p.303–316, “Thefuture of Turkey in the European Union”,

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Üçer, Elif, Futures No: 38 (2006) p.197–211, “Turkey’saccession to the European Union”,

Aydın, Senem and Keyman, Fuat, EU-Turkey Working PaperNo: 2 (2004) p.1-54, “European Integration and theTransformation of Turkish Democracy”,

Uysal, Ceren, Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi No: 1 (2001)p.140-153, “Historical Evolution of Turkey–EuropeanUnion Relations and Recent Developments”,

Tonus, Özgür and Karluk, Rıdvan, Economics Congress ofTurkey (2004) p.1-30, “Place of Turkey in thePerspective of Enlargement of the European Union”,

Yorkan, Arzu, Bilge Strateji, Volume 1, No: 1, (2009)p.1-16, “Energy Policy of the European Union and ItsEffects on Turkey”,

Bilgili, Emine, Ç.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler EnstitüsüDergisi, Volume 15, No: 2, (2006), p.61-80, “PossibleImpact of Turkey's Membership of the European UnionBudget”,

Ceyhan, Ayşe, (1991) “Avrupa Topluluğu TerimleriSözlüğü”, Afa Yay., İstanbul.

Çayhan, Esra and Ateşoğlu Güney, Nurşin, (1996)“Avrupa’da Yeni Güvenlik Arayışları: NATO-AB-Türkiye”,Afa Yay.- Tüses Vakfı, İstanbul.

Bozkurt, Veysel, (1992), “Türkiye ve AvrupaTopluluğu”, Ağaç Yay., İstanbul

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Çelenkoğlu, Ersin, Türk Kütüphaneciliği Volume 14,No:1, (2000) p.106-114, “European Union and Turkey”,

Eralp, Atila, (1996), “Değişen Savaş-SonrasıUluslararası Sistemde Türkiye ve Avrupa Topluluğu”,Balkır, C. ve Williams, A.M. (der.) Türkiye ve Avrupaİlişkileri, Sarmal Yay., İstanbul, p.37-63

Avrupa Topluluğu – Türkiye Gümrük Birliği YasalMevzuat (1996), AvrupaKomisyonu Türkiye Temsilciliği, Ankara.

Progress Report on Turkey for European Union (2012)

Avrupa Komisyonu Türkiye Delegasyonu, (2006),http://www.deltur.cec.eu.int/

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