DEMOCRATIZATION IN POST CONFLICT BOSNIA DEMOCRATIZATION IN POST CONFLICT BOSNIA

DEMOCRATIZATION IN POST CONFLICT BOSNIA

Bosnia and

Herzegovina

January 21

2012This research paper focuses on post-conflict Bosnia and

Herzegovina . In a state such was Bosnia and Herzegovina

where ethnical conflict had deep roots, infrastructure

devastated, and nationalism greater than ever democracy

would be accepted to flourish. However this was not the

case. Here the main reasons of such a failure lies in

international actors inability to understand uniqueness of

Bosnia case and their wrong policies disregarding

sociological factors.

DEMOCRATIZATION

IN POST CONFLICT

BOSNIA

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

CONFLICT AND DEVELOPMENT NEXUS

RWANDA AND BOSNIA

HORIZONTAL INEQUALITIES

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS



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INTRODUCTION

Although argued by many, it was not the case as with the 1990s, the civil wars or

internal conflicts has rose in number ; but it was the change of time, which brought

the change in international environment as paying attention to internal conflicts and

looking them from security or ‘’humanitarian’’ perspectives. There are many

examples of these issues, but this paper is going to focus on the specific one of the

Bosnian case and its democratization. Bosnia and Herzegovina, as becoming

independent from the Yugoslavia in 1992, after its recognition by the UN, the civil war

started in there between the Bosnian Muslims and the Bosnian Serbs , and then also

Bosnian Croatians. The fact that, although in its nearly first four months, this

occurrences were being called as the ‘ act of aggression’’ but then nevertheless in

London Conference of the August 1992, Britain choose to call it as a ‘civil war’, which

was a game of playing with the name; as either postponing the intervention or

preventing the intervention by rejecting the Serbian involvement.

This ‘civil war’ entitlement required , in the sense of international law, that as

sovereignty is there for the Bosnian state, no other actor could be involved. Although

the act of aggressions by Serbians were called ‘civil war’ , the decision to intervention

was taken under the Chapter 7 of the UN Charter, which involved the peace

enforcement, instead of Chapter 6 of peace keeping. After the war was over in 1995

with the Dayton Peace Agreement, the democratic Bosnia and a working constitution

was tried to be created. Administrative structure was created and attached to the

main treaty as well, by creating two entities; namely, Republika Srpska and

Federation of Croats and Muslims. When looked at the map, this inter-entity borders



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