Index

abortion 291, 385Absyrtus 377accessi 331, 411Accius 22, 34Achaemenides 304Achelous 147, 388, 408Achilles 28, 34–7, 159–61, 173, 398, 406–9Acontius 84, 85, 227, 232, 238, 246–9, 289Actaeon 158, 164–5, 304, 447Actium, battle 11, 14Adams, J. N. 361Addison, Joseph 481Adonis 231adultery 126adynata 38Aegisthus 360Aemeas, apotheosis 166aemulatio (‘emulation’) 261Aeneadae 129Aeneas 79, 116, 157, 166, 173, 283, 301, 306

loss of Palinurus 109–10, 117Aeolus 348Aesculapius 167Aesop 212aetas Ovidiana 397, 411aetiology 223, 224–6Afranius 22After Ovid 481–2Agamemnon 37, 192Agrippa Posthumus, exile 138agronomy 18Aiora festival 192aitia 142Ajax 28, 34–7, 192, 345

Akamas 192Albinovanus Pedo 29Albrecht, Michael von 462Alcaeus 268Alcmena 166, 230Alexander of Aetolia, Apollo 226, 235Alexander of Ephesus, Phaenomena 225Alexandria, and Hellenistic literature 220–4Alexandrian Erotic fragment

(Fragmentum Grenfellianum) 233‘Alexandrian footnotes’ 343Aleyn, Charles, Ovid’s infl uence 433–4Alfi us Flavius, on Ovid’s rhetoric 29Alfonso the Wise 412Alison, Jane, The Love-Artist 464All Ovid’s Epistles 478–9allegorical interpretations 338Allen, A. W. 171–2Allia, battle 184, 187allusions 343Althea 148–9, 150, 158, 191Amiternum, inscribed calendar 125fi g. 1Amores (Ovid) 90, 173, 198, 340, 381

arrangement 72–5Chaucer’s knowledge of 416comic negotiations with divine beings 47comparisons with Ars amatoria 91, 92composition 6Corinna’s ‘epiphany’ 51critical appreciation of Callimachus 249–50,

259–60, 294critical appreciation of Catullus 258, 259,

261–2critical appreciation of Virgil 261–2, 294, 296–7

COPYRIG

HTED M

ATERIAL

Index 517

Cupid’s intrusion into 106, 107as elegy 140–1, 356extracts circulated 214farewell to Roman erotic elegy 260gendered reception 365–6genres 186, 370–1, 372, 376humor 67–70intertextuality 350Jonson’s use 431lost edition 207–8Marlowe translates 430medieval commentaries 411–12mention of the Heroides 79and myth 144, 145narratives 273–4prefi gures the Metamorphoses 142Propertius’ infl uence 266, 272–4publication 15, 279quoted by Seneca the Elder 29readings 74–6rhetoric 29–32self-presentation 56semiotic nature 71–2sexuality and gender in 356–60Shakespeare’s knowledge of 443Somnium included within 210style 61–5Tibullus’ infl uence 288–92translations 481witchcraft 453

Anacreaon 240Anderson, W. S. 50, 313, 314Andreas, Johannes (Giovanni Andrea Bussi)

320androcentrism 368Androgeus (son of Minos) 242Andromeda 158Angelo Sani Di Cure (Angelus Sabinus) 216Anio 144Anna Perenna 131–4, 135Antigonus 228Antimachus, Lyde 222, 351Antioch 220Antipater of Thessalonica 212Antoninus Liberalis 229, 230, 231–2, 243–4Antonius, defense of Aquilus 37Antonius, M. (Mark Antony) 4, 11–12, 13, 14,

15, 57, 123, 139, 195Apelles 267aphorisms 172Aphrodite 231Apollo 33, 69–70, 332

directs Virgil to sing pastoral poetry 47disavowal, Ars amatoria 109games of 122inspirational presence (Amores) 107

invoked in Callimachus’ Aetia 246justice 165pursuit of Daphne 30–1, 188, 389

Apollonius Rhodius 236, 237Argonautica 146, 149, 219, 223, 226, 228,

255, 377on Medea’s psychology 233–4metamorphoses 232retelling of story of Byblis 233

apotheoses 199, 237, 404see also Augustus (Emperor); Claudius

(Emperor); Hercules; HersilieAppendix Vergiliana 210Apthonius 317Apuleius 66, 446Aquilus, defense 37Arachne 157, 165Arai (curses) 185, 186, 222Aratus 101, 115, 208, 222, 224, 225Archestratus of Gela, Hedupatheia

(‘Life of Pleasure’) 101Archilochos 185Ardea 166Arellius Fuscus 28Argonauts 149Argus 366–7Ariadne 33, 79, 255, 342–3, 343, 349, 417, 455Aristarchus 327aristeia 306Aristophenes 151Aristotle 26, 145Armstrong, R. 69Arnulf of Orléans 331, 411Ars amatoria (Ovid) 6, 90–3, 165, 173, 381

Apollo and the Muses disavowed 109Chaucer’s use 418–19, 420Cicero’s de Offi ciis 102and didactic poetry 100–1and erotodidaxis 99–100gendered reception of 366genres 185–6humor in 47–9inspiration for 144and love elegy 90, 92, 93–5, 98Lyly’s use 427Martial’s reworking 397–8, 398–404medieval commentaries 411–12, 415Ovid’s exile 7, 285, 355removal from libraries 203–4St Dunstan’s Classbook 315fi g. 2, 330self-presentation 56Shakespeare quotes 443and social mores 96–9translations 473Virgil’s infl uence 295, 297witchcraft 453

518 Index

Ars amatoria (Ovid) (cont’d)women as subject matter 360women’s status in connection with the lex Iulia

de adulteriis coercendis 95–6on women’s writing 85

ars dicendi 26Arsinoe II 237, 245Artemidorus, Phaenomena 225Ascalabos (Ascalaphus) 230Ascanius 304Ascham, Roger 426Ascra (Hesiod’s home) 297Asinius Pollio 13, 19, 20, 24Aspasia 99Asteria 231astrology 52Atalanta (I) 148, 158Atalanta (II) 149, 350Athena 192Athis 305–6Atreus 189Atticus (friend of Cicero) 196, 210, 254Attis 256, 306Atwood, Margaret 464audiences, reactions to the Metamorphoses 387–8Augustan age

moral values 200, 202–3poetry 8–10, 13–17, 21–2, 22–5

Augustan Forum 135Augustus, title accepted by Augustus 12, 40Augustus (Roman Emperor) 350

addressed in Tristia 179analogy with Jupiter 54–5approval of friendship 200attempted assassination 51bimillennial of birth 458concerns with poetic production 20death 195, 209

and apotheosis 199, 404dedicatee of the Fasti 366dedication of temple of Mars Ultor 400–1exiles Ovid 6–7, 138–9, 355, 425in the Fasti 131, 133–4interest in theater 124link with dedicatees of Epistulae ex Ponto 197marrital reforms 402militia’s importance 120moral standards critized 176–7Ovid’s attitude to 39–44, 181, 199, 265, 350poetry used as political propaganda 8–9political power 11–13portrayal, Metamorphoses 154, 155–63, 163–9Propertius’ attitudes to 265as reader 388recognizes value of the Julian calendar 123, 126religious revival 130

rise to power 5social mores subverted 98–9views of Claudius lampooned 405as yardstick of social morality 201–3

Austin, R. G. 152authorial meaning and purpose 171, 314authorship, in Heroides 88autobiography 177–8Azoguidus, Balthasar 320

Bacchus 47, 56–7, 141, 333, 367, 407Bacchylides 223Bagoas 31Barbauld, Anna Laetitia 479Barchiesi, Alessandro 156, 340, 345–6, 347Barnes, W. R. 296Bassus 3, 4, 15, 268Bate, Jonathan 449–50, 451Bathyllus, introduction of pantomimes 124battles, Metamorphoses 148Baucis 408Beard, Mary, on the feriae 122Becon, Thomas 426Behn, Aphra 437, 478–9Bellona, Statius’ portrayal 406Bentley, Richard 325Berenice II Euergetes 241–2, 243, 245Bernsdorff, H. 231Bersuire, Pierre 411

Ovidius moralizatus 332–3Bidart, Frank, ‘In the Second Hour of the Night’

256birds, as sacrifi cial victims 53–4Black Prince, Aleyn’s treatment 433Boccaccio, Giovanni 413, 416, 419, 420Bochen[’]ski, Jacek, Nazo poeta (‘Naso the poet’)

460Bodin, Jean 446Boethius, Consolation of Philosophy 420Boios 228–9, 230, 231, 232Boland, Eavan 464Bömer, F. 298, 301, 302, 339books

book rolls 174production 21

Bosworth, Ed 480Bovillae 132–3Bowditch, P. L. 401Boyd, B. W. 69, 74, 349Brecht, Bertolt 459Brice, Thomas 426Brill’s Companion to Ovid 105Briseis 79, 417Britten, Benjamin 458Broch, Hermann 459Brutus (Ovid’s friend) 198

Index 519

Brutus Callaicus 136Brutus, Marcus 11, 26–7Burman, 323Burns, Ron 464Bussi, Giovanni Andrea (Johannes Andreas) 320Byblis 149–50, 233, 234, 345, 360, 392

Caecilius Metellus, L. 22, 136, 256Caelia, sexual mores 400–2Caeneus 158, 159–60, 407–9Caenis 159, 161Cahoon, L. 384Caieta 300Calderini, Comizio 333–5calendars

Augustus’ reforms 155Julian calendar 120–6, 131–8Ovid’s calendar 126–30Praenestine calendar 124–6, 127, 128, 136

Callimachus 22, 127, 142, 209, 268‘Acontius and Cydippe’, infl uence 238, 246–9Aetia 109, 115, 185, 223–4, 227, 232, 237–8,

295, 328, 377‘Acontius and Cydippe’, treatment compared

with that of Ovid 246–9infl uence on Ovid 224–5, 244–6and intertextuality 350–1structure, compared to Metamorphoses 146,

241–4didacticism 116Eclogue, infl uence on Ovid 294elegies 131Hecale 223, 235, 408‘hospitality theme’ 232Hymn to Apollo 227Hymns 219Ibis 184, 185The Ician Guest 243infl uence 236–9

on Ovid 221–3, 239–41, 249–50, 259–60, 297

Lock of Berenice 241, 242, 243Ovid’s intertextuality 351–2Victory of Berenice 241, 243

Callisto 181, 407Calvino, Italo 461–2Calvus 13, 283, 349Calydonian boar hunt 148, 158, 164, 191, 222,

421Calypso 30Canace 79, 348, 417Caninius Rebilus 185cannibalism, in Ibis 188–9Canon Episcopi 446Cappadocia 401Carmentis (prophetess) 133

carmina 55Carus 205Casali, S. 300, 301, 302Cassandra 192Cassius 11Cassius Severus 17Castor and Pollux, temple (Rome) 213Catlin, Zachary 477Cato, disapproval of the Floralia 122Catullus, Gaius Valerius 13, 22, 25, 68, 173,

249–50, 253–4, 283‘Acontius and Cydippe’ 238, 248on book production 21as elegist 285epyllia 254infl uence of Callimachus 244infl uence on Ovid 296intertextual interpretation 342–3Lesbia as candida diua 71neoterics 255–7Ovid’s critical appreciation 257–63, 348, 349on poetry 24and the Symbolic 391virility 71

Catulus, Lutatius 236Caxton, William 473–4Centaurs 148, 158, 159, 160, 161, 368, 408Cepheus 305Cerambus 229Ceres, temple (Rome) 137Ceres mater, cult 138Cestius, on Ovid’s rhetoric 29Chapman, George, Ovid’s Banquet of Sense 445Charisius 34Charybdis 117–18Chaucer, Geoffrey 474

Dryden’s assessment 471Ovid’s infl uence 412, 413, 414, 416–22

Cheek, Mavis 465Chirico, Giorgio de 455Choerilus of Samos 144Chrétien de Troyes 421Christine de Pizan 415Cicero 13

attempts to pass off works as forgeries 210and book production 21De Offi ciis 34, 102death 139defense of Sestiusexile 173–4on gang rape 122opposition to Catullus 24on poetry 27, 253, 254–5, 256printed editions 319on rhetoric 26, 30translation of Aratus’ Phaenomena 208

520 Index

Cincius 130Cinna, Gaius Helvius 131, 233, 256, 351Cinna, Helvius, Zmyrna 328Ciofanus, Hercules (Ercole Ciofani) 322, 338Cipus 167Circe 304

and intertextuality 345–6in Remedia amoris 105, 112, 116

Circus Maximus (Rome) 92citizenship 11Claudia Quinta 377Claudius (Emperor), apotheosis 398, 404–5Clausen, Wendall 350clemency, rhetorical references to 41Clifford, Ann, Lady, Ovid’s infl uence on 436Clifford, Rosamund 438Clymene 304Clytemnestra 360‘Coan’ 267codices 174Col, Pierre 415Colchis 191colonial psychology, in Ovid 383comedy 22, 24communities, inoperable communities 392–3Concordia, cult 137Consualia 122contagium (contamination) 113–14, 319Conte, G. B. 106, 341–3, 349controversiae 28Cooper, John 478–9Corallo, Stefano 215Corinna 64–5, 66, 272, 273, 389

abortion 385Chaucer’s references to 416description, Ovid’s word plays 348–9elegiac nature 74‘epiphany’ in the Amores 51fi ctional status 95–6illness 291likened to Semiramis and Lais 70Ovid as victim of 30–2possibly Julia (I) 427sexual circulation 365as subject of the Amores 357–8, 359wiles 288–9

Cornelius Gallus, Gaius 8, 17, 61, 177, 178, 240, 255, 265, 268, 283, 284, 371

as elegist 284–5, 371, 372infl uence on Ovid 3, 4, 280–1, 296

Cornelius Severus 195Corvinus, Messalla 209cosmetics 99Cotta Maximus 196, 197, 198, 201–2‘the Crassi’ 269creation 50, 145, 147

Creon 191Creusa 83, 191, 301‘Crossing of Genres’ 220Culex 214cultus, Ovid and Propertius’ views 267cunnilingus 399Cupid 296–7

as brother of Aeneas 283erotodaxis, Amores 108–10forces Ovid to write elegy 47, 61–2, 70,

106–7, 140–1, 186, 259, 291, 356, 371

Jonson’s treatment of 431Ovid seeks discharge from his service 68and Tibullus 258, 280, 283, 291

curses (Arai) 185, 186, 222Cyane 363Cybele, temple of (Rome) 126Cyclops 304Cycnus 148, 159, 230, 408, 409Cydippe 84, 85, 86, 227, 232, 246–9, 289Cydnus river 231Cynthia (Propertius’ mistress) 31, 66, 82, 95–6,

198, 268, 269, 270–2, 273, 275, 277, 284

Cyparissus 304Cypassis 31, 32, 66

Dacians, Domitian’s triumph over 401Daedalus 146–7, 438Dalí, Salvador 458Danaus 348Daniel, Samuel 438Dante Alighieri 416Daphne 30–1, 188, 332, 337, 339, 389De Luce, J. 385De Medicamine Aurium (‘The Treatment

of Ears’) 214De Mirabilibus Mundi (‘On the Wonders of the

World’) 214De Pulice (‘The Flea’) 214De Sompnio 214De Vetula (‘About the Old Woman’) 214–15death, Ars amatoria 94decorum 102, 188Dedalus, Stephen (Joycean character) 456Deianira 79, 191, 347Deidamia 407Delacroix, Ferdinand Victor Eugène 459Delia (Tibullus’ mistress) 258, 271, 280, 281–2,

283, 284, 285, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291Demeter 230Demophoon 113Denny, Edward (Baron of Waltham) 438depersonalization, Tristia 179Deschamps, Eustache 416

Index 521

Desiato, Luca, Sulle Rive del Mar Nero (‘On the shores of the Black Sea’) 463

desiring subjects, in Ovid 391despair, Tristia 179Deucalion 387Diana 158, 164–5Diana Nemorensis, cult (Aricia) 54didacticism

Ars amatoria 95, 100–1in the Fasti 131, 225–6see also erotodidaxis

Dido 255, 306Chaucer’s account of 418in Heroides 79, 82, 300Ovid’s account of 79, 82, 300, 301–3, 353Virgil’s account of 301–3, 353

Didymarchus 228, 231Diegeseis 328Diespiter 404–5digesta 130Dio 137Diomedes 192Dionysius Periegetes 231Dionysus 192, 230, 304, 407Dipsas (lena) 281, 290Dis 363disease, Ars amatoria 94divided references 244doctus (‘learned’) 258–9documents, authority, in textual criticism 314Dolabella 132Domitian (Emperor) 401, 402, 403Domitius Marsus 8, 14Donne, John, use of Ovid 431Douglas, Gavin 415dramatic monologues 149–50Drayton, Michael, use of Ovid 434–6, 438dreams, interpretation 210–11Drury, Anne, Lady, Ovid’s infl uence 436Drusus, death 213–14Dryden, John 470, 471–2, 478, 480, 481, 482Dudley, Robert (Earl of Essex) 444Due, Otto Steen 151Duessa (Spenser, Faerie Queene) 428, 429Duncker, Patricia 464dynastic monarchy, establishment in Rome 16

Eagleton, T. 393earth, creation, Metamorphoses 50Ebersbach, Volker, Der Verbannte von Tomi

(‘The exile of Tomis’) 460Eco, Umberto 171ecphrases 254Edward II (King of England) 434Edward III (King of England) 433, 436Egeria (Numa’s wife) 30, 54, 55

electioneering 97Elegiae in Maecenatem 213elegy 47, 173, 221

and epic 115–18, 376–80Epistulae ex Ponto 203Fasti as 131Heroides 82–5, 347legitimates Law 391Ovid

adoption of 140–1defi nition 356as elegist 3–4, 6, 7personifi cation 258, 260–1on Tibullus’ infl uence 280–3use 185–6, 204, 370–3

personifi cation 358, 359semiotic nature 70–1Statius’ treatment 398see also love elegies

Eliot, T. S. 456–7Elizabeth I (Queen of England) 448Ellis, R. 325Elyot, Thomas, Sir 425–6Emathides 230Emathion 306encomia, Ovid’s use in the Fasti 40–1Eneas 412Ennius, Q. 18, 22, 142, 236, 255, 268

Ajax 34Annales 109, 146, 252–3, 342literary associations with Homer 240–1Romulus’ apotheosis 166–7

Epaphus 367epic 22, 24–5

and elegy 115–18, 376–80Ennius’ infl uence over Roman epic 252–3epic-historical texts 18Metamorphoses 141–4, 158–9, 370, 371Ovid forsakes in favor of elegy 140–1in Ovid and Virgil 405–6women’s subversion of 149

epigrams 403Epimenides 224‘epiphany’ motifs 70, 71Epistulae ex Ponto (Ovid) 7, 186, 193, 194–5

Chaucer’s use 422chronology 195–6commentaries 329fi g. 4elegiac nature 203extracts circulated 214gendered reception 366genre 371identifi cation of Ovid’s enemy 185imitations in Elegiae in Maecenatem 213Lyly’s use 427manuscripts 316

522 Index

Epistulae ex Ponto (Ovid) (cont’d)medieval commentaries 330–1moral values 202portrayal of Augustus 55recipients 199–202rhetoric of repetitiveness 204–5structure and themes 196–9Tibullus’ infl uence 292tragedy in 377

epyllia 222, 227, 254equestrian order, association with poetry 18, 19,

20Erigone 192eroticization, Ovid’s treatment of religion in

Metamorphoses 51–2erotics, Ovid’s use of rhetoric 32–4erotodidaxis 275, 280, 288

Amores 107–8Ars amatoria 90, 91–2, 93–4, 99–100see also didacticism

Errour (Spenser, Faerie Queene) 429erudition, Ibis 190–3Erysichthon 29ethopoia 234Eudoxus 222, 225Euphorion 255, 350Euphues, Lyly bases character on Ovid 427–8Euripides 82

Aeolus 348, 376Bacchae 377Hecuba 38, 39Hippolytus 255, 347Iphigeneia at Tauris 197, 377Medea 86, 234

Europa 357Euryalus, friendship for Nisus 173Eurydice 305Eurytion 222Eurytus 368Eusebius 220Evadne, constancy 179Eve (Milton, Paradise Lost) 440–1excesses, management of love affairs

(Remedia amoris) 113

Fabius Maximus, Paullus 40, 196, 197, 199, 209facilis 54Fama, Ovid’s treatment of (Metamorphoses)

162–3Fantham, E. 127Farmer, Richard 453Farrell, Joseph 27, 85Fasti Antiates Maiores 136Fasti (Ovid) 16, 120, 126–30, 173, 383

aetiology 224–6, 372Chaucer’s use 419

comparison with Virgil’s Aeneid 295composition 6critical approaches to 383encomia to Augustus 40gendered reception 366genres 143, 185, 371, 374, 375–6, 379infl uence of Callimachus 238, 239, 244–6infl uences Shakespeare 443intertextuality 173, 342Merkel’s edition 324Muses in 57and mythology 81passing of the Augustan Age 138–9reading 130–8religion in 45, 52–5on time 405translations 473, 478, 480, 481truncated condition 209–10writing of 90

Fasti Praenestini 127Faunus (sylvan divinities) 54–5Fébus, Gaston (count of Foix and Béarn) 413Feeney, Denis 46, 156fellatio 403feminism

critical approaches to Ovid 383–4, 385, 397, 462, 464, 465

see also genderferiae (holidays) 121, 122Feuchtwanger, Lion 459Fischer, Ernst 459–60fl agitatio 189fl amen Dialis 123fl irting, at banquets 289, 290Flora 138

games 134, 135temple (Rome) 137

Floralia 122, 123fl orilegia 423Florio, John 442formalism 382–3, 384Fortuna Virilis 128Fortunatianus, on controversiae 28–9Forum Iulium 135Four Ages 450Fragmentum Grenfellianum

(Alexandrian Erotic fragment) 233Francesco Dal Pozzo (Francisus Puteolanus) 320Francis I (King of France) 436Fra[:]nkel, Hermann 458free speech, restrictions 155friendship 173, 200–1, 440Froissart, Jean 413, 416Fulgentius 331Fulkerson, L. 114, 348Fundanius 20, 24

Index 523

Furies 188Furius Bibaculus 24Fust, Johann 319

Gainsford, Thomas 434Galaesus 306Galanthis 230Galasso, Luigi 340Galinsky, K. 107, 241, 300, 301Gamel, M.-K. 384, 385gang rape 122Ganzenmu[:]ller, W. 171Garland, Emma 479Garnett, David 457Garth, Samuel 470, 480–1Gee, Emma 220gender

Ars amatoria 91critical approaches to Ovid 384–5gender-bending 407–8, 409in Heroides 82–5and sexuality

Amores 356–60, 365–6Metamorphoses 361–4, 366–8, 368Ovid’s treatment 369

see also feminismgenealogical catalogues 222genius 253genres

epic and elegy 376–80generic impropriety 374–6generic transgressions, Remedia amoris 115–18Hellenistic period 220Metamorphoses 158Ovid’s use 351–2, 370–3

Germanicus Caesar 127, 196, 197dedicatee of the Fasti 40, 127, 139, 245, 366and Epistulae ex Ponto 197, 199translation of Aratus’ Phaenomena 208

Getae 180, 205Getic 209, 469–70, 483Giants, attacking the Gods, literary theme

208–9Gilbert, W. S. 151Giovanni del Virgilio 332, 411gods

attacked by the Giants, literary theme 208–9deliberations modeled on the Senate in Seneca

the Younger 404inspiration of poets 142in Metamorphoses 50–2, 150–1Ovid’s humorous relationship with 47

Golden Age 414–15, 420Golding, Arthur 444, 447, 448, 453, 470,

474–6, 475fi g. 9, 480, 481Goold, George 326

Gower, John 419, 420, 421, 474, 478, 480, 481Graecinus 198, 199, 203Grafton, A. 321grauitas, Ovid’s lack of 177Graves, Robert 455Greece, infl uence on Latin poetry 18Green, Peter 93, 470, 481, 482, 483Green, S. J. 93Greene, Robert 432–3, 449Gregory, Horace 473grief, theme 439Guido [delle Colonne] 417Guillaume de Lorris 416Guillaume de Machaut 416, 420, 421Gutenberg, Johannes Gensfl eisch 319

Habinek, T. 383Hallet, Judith 382Hardie, Philip 49, 155, 383, 388–9, 390Harrington, Villiers 480Harvard school 350Hatton, Robert 479Haupt, Moritz 213, 339Heaney, Seamus 461Hector 159Hecuba 29, 38–9, 229Hegesianax, Phaenomena 225Heinsius, Daniel 212Heinsius, Nicolaus 317, 318, 322–3, 338Heinze, Richard 373Helen 32–3, 85, 87–8, 289, 368, 406Helenus 386Heliades 205, 304Hellenistic poetry 22

infl uence 236–7on Ovid 219–20, 226–7

Metamorphoses 228–36see also literature

Heloise 415Henry II (King of England) 438Henry V (King of England) 433Henry VIII (King of England) 436Heracles see HerculesHerbert-Brown, G. 383Hercules 222, 230, 260, 368

apotheosis 150, 152, 166death 347mentioned in Ibis 191Nestor’s narratival treatment 160–1Statius’ portrayal 407

Hercules oetaeus 543Hermaphroditus 276, 363–4, 368, 430, 447,

457Hermesianax 222, 226, 232Hermippus, Phaenomena 225Hero 85, 86, 271, 389

524 Index

the heroic, Ovid’s infl uence over representation 432–6

Heroides (Ovid) 6, 73, 78–80, 85, 173, 339, 360, 381

‘Acontius and Cydippe’ 238, 246–9and the Aeneid 353authorship 88, 211–12characterization in 80–1Chaucer’s use 416, 416–18composition 372criticism of 397dramatic monologues 149, 150as elegy 82–5Epistula Sapphus 334–5Gainsford’s use 434and gender 82–5genres 143, 373, 376, 379imitated by Sabinus 185intertextuality 81–2, 345–8as letters 85–8literary infl uence 88manuscripts 317medieval commentaries 412and mythology 81–2, 84poetics of repetitiveness 204pseudepigraphs in 215–16reception of 365refl ection of Virgil’s Aeneid 300rhetoric 32–4Shakespeare quotes 442, 443, 450speech styles 91Tibullus’ infl uence 289translations 477, 478, 479, 481Whitney’s use 437

Hersilie, apotheosis 167Hesiod 222, 223, 226, 228, 297

Muses’ inspiration 109, 142Works and Days 101, 115, 225

Hesse, Hermann 457Heywood, Thomas 443Hill, D. E. 313Hinds, Stephen E. 343

on Julius Caesar’s apotheosis 168on Ovid’s description of Corinna 358on Ovid’s intertextuality 150, 348–50, 352on Ovid’s pretensions to emulate the Aeneid

159on Ovid’s use of genre 351, 374–5

Hippodamia 159, 368Hippolytus 360Hirtius (consul, 43 BCE) 4, 26historiography 18Hofmann, Michael 467, 481–2Hofmannsthal, Hugo von 455Hollis, A. S. 90, 276Holzberg, N. 73, 74–5

HomerDante’s appreciation 413Iliad 276, 345literary associations with Callimachus 240as model for Hellenistic poetry 221Odyssey 269, 363

homosociality 366Hope, Tibullus and Ovid’s invocation of 292Hopkinson, N. 34, 38, 405Horace 9, 13–14, 16

Ars Poetica 20, 143, 201, 378, 424–5avoidance of epic 141on book production 21Dante’s appreciation 413Epistles 15, 202Epodes 4infl uence on Ovid 3on lack of literary taste 22Letter to Augustus 20on the literary public 20literary standing 8, 21, 356Odes 15, 17Ovid’s criticisms 99on Pindar’s genius 253poetics 19–20, 23, 24, 344on sex shows 124, 130use of uates 46

Horia, Vintilia 459, 461, 464Horos 272, 274Hortensius 26hospitality 189, 232Housman, A. E. 192, 317, 318Hughes, Ted 467, 482humanists, commentaries on Ovid 333–5humiliores 125humor

in Amores 67–70in Metamorphoses 51–2Ovid’s treatment of religion 46–9, 57–8Ovid’s use 188, 189–90, 193, 268–70Propertius’ use 268–70Tristia 180–1

Humphries, Rolfe 482Hyacinthus 436Hyginus 352hyperbaton 172Hypermnestra 79, 348, 349, 418hypomnemata 327Hypsipyle 33, 79, 417

Ibis (Ovid) 7, 184, 193, 222, 244Calderini’s commentary 334, 335curses 186–90genre 185–6identifi cation of Ibis 185, 188Merkel’s edition 323

Index 525

and mythology 81, 190–3sacrifi ce in 53scholia 328translations 473, 480

Icarus 147identity 385, 391–2Ides of March 131–2Ikaros, mentioned in Ibis 191, 192Ilia 144Imaginary 173Imperial period, Ovid’s infl uence 397–8impotence 71, 290, 358–9incest 232–3incunabula 319infi delity 93Innes, Mary 473intentionality 171, 263intertextuality 81, 173–4, 382

Ovid’s use 341–5, 351–3Heroides 345–8Homer 363Virgil 352–3word plays 348–50

Inuus 122Io 51, 132, 157, 274, 357, 367, 436iocus/ioci 129–30, 132, 134, 135Iphigenia 192Iphis 230, 409Iris 167irony 46, 347Isabella (Queen of England, wife of Edward II)

434–6Isis 409

temple of (Rome) 399

Jahn, J. C. 323James, S. L. 385Janan, M. 386Janus 245–6Jason 34, 148, 149, 173, 191, 226Jean de Meun 412, 414, 416, 418–19, 421Jerome, St 328, 418Jerusalem, destruction 401Jews, Titus’ conquest 401John of Garland 331–2, 411Jones, John, translation of Ovid’s Ibis (1658)

473, 480Jonson, Ben 426, 430, 431–2, 445, 446Joseph, Jenny 464Jove see JupiterJoyce, James 456judicial briefs 26Julia (I)(daughter of Augustus) 41, 137, 155,

350, 427, 446Julia (II)(granddaughter of Augustus) 7, 138Julian calendar see calendars

Julian familydescent from Jupiter 62see also Augustus

Julio Romano 448Julius Caesar, Gaius 10, 11, 39, 137, 195, 401

apotheosis 39, 40, 157, 166, 167–8creation of the Julian calendar 120–2, 122–3divinity 181murder 131–2, 133–4, 135offered the crown by Mark Antony during the

Lupercalia 57Ovid’s panegyrics 350

Julius Caesar, Lucius (Julia[I]’s son) 137Julius Caesar Strabo 19Jump, John 478, 479Juno 51–2, 55, 150, 230, 304, 406Jupiter 37, 181, 414–15, 428

Augustus as 42, 54–5, 157, 163–5, 202deifi cation of Hercules 150as forefather of the Julian family 62and hospitality 189in Metamorphoses 51rape of Callisto 407

jurisprudence 18justice, divine justice 164–5

Kafka, Franz 457Keith, A. M. 73, 351, 386Kennedy, D. F. 155, 346–7, 383Kenney, E. J. 106, 172, 295, 298, 323, 326Killigrew, Anne 479King’s New School (Stratford) 443Knox, P. E. 297–8, 300, 350–1, 353, 374–5kolax (‘fl atterer’) fi gure, Ars amatoria 95komoi 268Korn, Otto 325, 339Kristeva, Julia 462–3Kroll, Wilhelm 143Kroll, Wilhelm 374, 378

La Penna, A. 191Labate, Mario 97–8, 102, 345Laberius 133Labyrinth 146–7, 438Lacan, Jacques 389–90, 391–2Lachmann, Karl 324Lactantius Placidus 208, 328, 331Laetoria 403Lais 70, 357Lake Maeotis 180landscape, Ovid’s feminization 361–4, 368Lang, Horst 460–1Lanyer, Amelia 438Laodamia 79, 179, 418Lapiths 148, 158, 159, 160, 161, 368, 408Lares 53

526 Index

Lasdun, James 467, 481–2Latinus 305Latro 28Lattara 399–400Lausus 306Lavinia 304Lavinius, Petrus 338Law, elegy legitimates 391Leach, E. W. 295, 360Leander 86, 271, 389Leda 33, 357Lee, A. G. 213, 481lemmata (textual citations) 328Lemprière, John 466lena-procuresses 100Leonidas 192Lepidus 11Lesbia 68, 71, 253Lethaeus Amor 109–10Leucippus 229, 230Lewin, Waldtraut 464lex Iulia de adulteriis coercendis 95–6, 102, 124,

126, 402, 403lex Scantina 402lex Valeria Cornelia 137Liber, temple (Rome) 137Libera, temple (Rome) 137Licinius Calvus, Io 256Lightfoot, J. L. 242Lindheim, S. 384–5literary composition 200–1literary public 20–1literature 185

Elizabethan literature, Ovid’s infl uence 442–6Hellenistic literature, Alexandria 220–4Hellenistic prose 219–20Roman literature, traditionalism 252–3see also Hellenistic poetry

Littlewood, R. J. 127Liuor 108Livia 167, 213–14Livius Andronicus 252Livy, on the Lupercalia 122locked door (theme), in love elegy 93Lodge, Thomas 445Loeb Classical Library series 473love

medieval concerns with 411, 415Ovid’s subjugation to 62–5slavery 67as soldiering (militia amoris) 69theme in Hellenistic poetry 226–7

love elegies 227, 266–8alienation from society 97and Ars amatoria 90, 92, 93–5, 98

Ovid’s use 294–5, 381see also elegy

love stories 368lovers, locked-out lovers (exclusus amator) 69Lowell, Robert 473Lucan 397, 406, 412, 413Lucilius 19, 22, 150Lucretius 13, 48, 100, 295

de Rerum Natura 90, 92, 101, 115Dryden’s assessment 471

Luna 132Lupercalia 122, 123Lycabus 306Lycaon 51, 157, 163–4, 189Lycomedes (king of the island of Scyros) 407Lycophron 235, 301Lycoris (Gallus’ mistress) 280, 284Lygdamus 84Lygdus (Laetoria’s husband) 403Lykurgos 191, 192Lyly, John 426–8Lynceus 348Lyne, Raphael 474, 475–6

Macareus 304, 348Macer, Aemilius 3–4, 8, 15, 228, 365McKeown, James C. 31, 32, 274, 294, 296, 297,

340, 341Macrobius 121, 130Maeander 146–7Maecenas, Gaius (collaborator with Augustus) 8,

13, 14, 16, 16–17, 24–5, 115, 213magic 112, 116, 268Magnus, H. 325Mahon, Derek 461male bodies, Ovid’s elegiac treatment 358–9Malouf, David 461Mandelstam, Osip 456mania, Ars amatoria 94Mansfi eld, John 459mariti 302Mark Antony 4, 11–12, 13, 14, 15, 57, 123,

139, 195Marlowe, Christopher 426, 430–1, 443–4marriage 129, 130, 402, 440Mars, secures Romulus’ apotheosis 166–7Mars Ultor 134–5, 401Marston, John 445Marsyas 152, 165Martial 9, 253, 397, 397–8, 398–404Martin, Charles 483Martin, Christopher 467Martindale, Charles 450–1, 451, 453Martindale, Michelle 451, 453Massey, William 473, 481

Index 527

Masson, André 458‘matrons’ (matronae), and ‘whores’ (meretrices)

99Maurus, Rabanus 332Medea 33–4, 149, 173, 255

Apollonius, Argonautica 226Chaucer mentions 417–18Drayton’s treatment of 434–5in Heroides 79, 83, 86magic ineffective (Remedia amoris) 112mentioned in Ibis 191Ovid quoted as evidence for witchcraft 446Ovid’s Medea 6, 20, 47, 208, 237, 370, 373,

376, 377psychology when in love 233–4refl ected in Shakespeare’s The Tempest 452–3,

454medicina 267–8Medusa, and desire 391–2, 393Melanippus 189Meleager 148, 158, 191, 266, 267Melville, 481, 482men

creation, Metamorphoses 50, 52Ovid’s addressees 366role in Heroides 85

Menelaus 368Mercury 366–7Merkel, Rudolph 323–4Messalla (patron of Tibullus) 15Messallinus 199Metamorphoses (Ovid) 173, 311

anti-theodicy 50–2apotheoses 237Augustan nature 16, 39, 40Augustus’ role 163–9blurring of boundaries in 104Chaucer’s use 416, 419–21, 421, 422commentaries 335–8, 335fi g. 5, 339, 340comparison with Virgil’s Aeneid 295composition 6critical appreciation of Catullus 262–3cruelty 187, 188Dante’s use 413epic 381–2, 405–6epyllia 256–7Fama 162–3feminization of the landscape 361–4, 368Gainsford’s use 434gendered poetics 366–8genres 141–4, 148–50, 158–9, 186, 370, 374

epic and elegy 376, 379Golding’s translation 444, 447, 448Hellenistic poetry’s infl uence on 219, 223,

228–36

humor 150–1, 188infl uence 465–7

Shakespeare 442, 443, 447–50, 453as infl uenced by Callimachus 238, 239, 297innovative character 194intertextuality 342, 350–1, 351–2literary criticism of 45Lyly’s use 427Magnus’ edition 325manuscripts 316–17, 316fi g. 3, 318–19medieval usage 330, 331–2, 412, 413, 414–15,

431Merkel’s edition 324meter 148mutability theme 151–2and mythology 145–6narratology 159–63, 386–8, 412Petrarch’s use 431poetics 344, 424politics 154, 155–63prized by Lady Ann Clifford 436Propertius’ infl uence 275–7prose summaries 328quoted by Seneca the Elder 29readers’ reactions to 387–8, 389Reginald Scot quotes 446rhetoric 34–9, 405self-assessment 152–3Seneca the Younger’s reworkings 398, 404–6Spenser’s use 428, 429, 430Statius’ reworkings 398, 406–9structure 146–7, 205, 241–4tempora as a theme 130textual criticism 313translations 470–1, 474–7, 480–1, 482and Virgil 297, 299–303, 304, 305–6

metamorphosis 228metapoeticism, in the Amores 73–4, 75Metellus 138meter, Tibullus’ use refl ected in Ovid 283–4Micyllus, Jacobus (Jacob Moltzer) 338Midas 421, 446Middle Ages, Ovid’s infl uence 411–12, 413–14militia, importance for Augustus 120Miller, J. F. 53, 343, 351Miller, P. A. 173, 390–1Milon 191, 192Milton, John, Paradise Lost 425, 440–1mimae/meretrices, presence at the festival of Anna

Perenna 132Mimnermus 240, 351Mincu, Marin, Il diario di Ovidio (‘Ovid’s diary’)

463–4Minerva 37, 38, 165, 367Minos (of Crete?) 231, 242

528 Index

Minotaur 438Minyades 230Minyas, daughters 367–8mistresses, immortality refl ected in elegiac poetry

284moderation 102, 111, 114Moltzer, Jacob (Jacobus Micyllus) 338Mons Sacer 132Montaigne, Michel Eyquem de 442, 443Montanus 29, 38Mopsus 161moral values, Augustan age 200, 202–3Mortimer, Edmund 434–6Moschus, Europa 223, 227Mother Earth (Metamorphoses) 361Mukterismos (sarcasm) 34mulieres 125Munari 318Muses 57, 109, 142, 143–4, 165, 246Musgrove, M. 161mutability 151–2Myerowitz, Molly 91, 360Myers, K. S. 351, 383Myrrha 149, 360, 392

and intertextuality 351medieval commentaries on 332portrayal 230, 233, 256, 421psychology 234story refl ected in Shakespeare’s Othello 449–50

mythologyArs amatoria 94in the Heroides 78, 80–2, 84Ibis 190–3in the Metamorphoses 45as metaphor 173Ovid’s use 88, 144, 145–6, 269–70, 398Propertius’ use 269–70

Nagle, Betty Rose 386, 479Nancy, Jean-Luc 392–3Narcissus 231, 262–3, 391, 392, 440, 441, 457,

475narrative techniques, Tibullus’ use 290narratives, Propertius’ use 272–4narrativity, Metamorphoses 159–63, 412narratology, Ovid’s use 272–4, 373–4, 386–8,

397Nascimento, Francisco-Manoel 458Naso, Eckart von 460Naugerius, Andreas (Andrea Navagero) 321–2Nausikaa 363nautical imagery, Remedia amoris 116–17negatives, accentuation in management of love

affairs (Remedia amoris) 112–13Nemesis (Tibullus’ mistress) 258, 280, 281, 282,

284, 291, 292

neotericus 254neoterism 22, 24, 25Neptune 51, 164, 388, 406, 407Nero (Emperor) 404Nestor 148, 159–61, 162, 368, 404, 407–8New Comedy, infl uence 100Newlands, C. E. 271, 383Nicaenetus 233Nicander of Colophon 101, 105, 115, 225,

229–32, 242, 243–4Ninus (Semiramis’ husband) 357Niobe 205Nisus 173, 306Nonae Caprotinae festival 122Nooteboom, Cees 466Norfolk, Lawrence 466the novel 373Numa Pompilius 54–5, 133, 157Nux 212–13, 479

Oates, Joyce Carol 464Odysseus 173, 192, 363Oeneus 222Oenone 32–3, 79, 87, 417, 478–9O’Hara, J. J. 295Oldcastle, John, Sir 434Omphale, Hercules’ service to 407Ops Augusta, cult 138oratory see rhetoricOrestes, friendship for Pylades 173Orgoglio (Spenser, Faerie Queene) 428, 430Orion, daughters 230Ornithogonia 228–9Orpheus 305, 306, 331–2, 421, 457Otis, B. 162otium 111Ovid: Werk und Wirkung 462Ovid

aetiologies 224–6autobiography 177–8blurring of boundaries between genres 104on book production 21calendar 126–30Callimachus’ infl uence 236–9character 204–6commentaries on 327

Antiquity 327–9early printed commentaries 335–8humanists 333–5Middle Ages 329–33, 411–12modern period 338–40

concerns with the literary public 21–2and Corinna 272critical appreciation of Catullus 257–63critical receptions 372–3, 381–4, 397

gendered readings 384–5

Index 529

narratology 386–8readers 387–93

and Cynthia as evocation of Propertius 271Double Epistles, authorship 211as elegist 3–4, 6, 7errors 424–5exile 9, 16–17, 41–4, 102–3, 170–1, 172,

173–4, 187, 355, 425artistic infl uence 458–9, 462–4

exilic poems 55–7, 285, 383Jonson’s use 432tragedy in 377

fi ctional biographies 214genres 370–5, 378–80Gigantomachy 208–9Hellenistic poetry’s infl uence 219–20, 226–7,

235, 236Hercules’ service to Omphale 407and the heroic, Renaissance English Literature

432–6humor 269–70infl uence 377–8

Chaucer 416–22Elizabethan literature 442–6in the Imperial period 397–8Middle Ages 412, 413–14Milton 440–1Montaigne 442, 443Shakespeare 442–5, 449–54

A Midsummer Night’s Dream 446–8, 451The Tempest 450, 451–4The Winter’s Tale 448–9

women of the Renaissance 436–9interest in mythology 88intertextuality 173–4, 341–5

genre 351–2Heroides 345–8and Virgil’s Aeneid 296–9, 352–3word plays 348–50

on the Julian calendar 121later works infl uenced by Propertius 274–7life 4–7literary reputation 107–8lost works 207–10manuscript transmission 315–19, 320–1, 324,

325mythology, treatment compared to that of

Propertius 269–70narratives 272–4and neoterics 255–7poetical development 15, 16, 17, 25poetry’s gendered reception 365–6on poets and poetry writing 20printed editions 318–23

modern period 323–6Propertius’ infl uence 265

pseudepigraphaImperial Rome 210–14Medieval and Renaissance periods 214–16

and religion 45–9, 57–8Renaissance English Literature 423–5

works censured (seen as questionable) 425–32

rhetoric 27–9, 34–9, 80addressed to Augustus 39–44

sensuality 355standing 8style 172textual criticism 312–15Tibullus’ infl uence on 279–88translation 469–70, 481–3

into English 470–4seventeenth century to date 478–81sixteenth and seventeenth centuries 474–7

twentieth-century concerns withpost-1980s 462–5post-Second World War 458–62postmodernism 465–7pre-Second World War 455–8

Virgil’s infl uence on 294–5, 296, 303–6wife 196, 197works

Aratea 370Consolatio ad Liuiam 213–14Epistula Sapphus, authorship 211–12Halieutica (‘On Fishing’), attributed to

Ovid 212Medea 6, 20, 47, 208, 237, 370, 373, 376,

377Medicamina faciei femineae 209, 214, 267,

366Nux (‘The Walnut Tree’), attributed to

Ovid 212–13Somnium (‘the Dream’) 274see also Amores; Ars amatoria; Epistulae ex

Ponto; Fasti; Heroides; Ibis; Metamorphoses; Remedia amoris; Tristia

Ovid Metamorphosed 464Ovid Renewed 462Ovide Moralisé 329, 332, 412, 416, 420, 421Ovidian Transformations 462Ovidius de psittaco (‘Ovid on the Parrot’) 214Ovidius de Somno 214Ovidius Naso, Publius see OvidOvid’s Epistles translated by several hands 471Owen, S. G. 325

Pacuvius 22, 34paelex 83Paeligini (tribe) 4, 5paideia 18Palamedes 35, 36, 192

530 Index

Palatine Anthology 219, 268Palinurus, loss of 109–10, 117Palmer, Arthur 325, 339Pan, attempted rape of Syrinx 367Pannartz, Arnold 320, 334Pansa, Lucius Crassicius (consul, 43 BCE)

4, 26, 328pantomimes 124, 127paraclausithyra 268Paris 32–3, 85, 87–8, 289, 368, 406Parthenius of Nicaea 230–1, 232, 233, 255Parthians 135, 136, 401Pasiphaë 295, 360pastoral, Ovid’s use 367pater patriae, Augustus assumes title (2 BCE)

12, 40Patroclus 173Pausanias 192Peend, Thomas 480Peleus 161, 407Pella 220Penelope 79, 82, 86, 87, 179, 346–7, 417Pentheus 367Penthilos 191–2Perdix 147performativity 384Pergamum 220Periclymenus 159Perimele 388Peripatetics 223Persephone 230, 374Perseus 148, 158, 305–6Persius 337personal alienation, in love elegy 94Petrarch 415, 416, 431Phaedra 79, 255, 347, 360, 417, 435fi g. 7Phaethon 328, 387, 392, 436Phanocles, EK 226Phaon 88Phasis river 191Philaenis 99Philemon 408Philetas of Cos 222, 240, 267, 351Philip (King of France), Aleyn’s treatment 433–4Philippi, battle 11Philips, Katherine 438Phillips, C. Robert 45‘Philo-philippa’, Ovid’s infl uence 438–9Philochorus 228Philocretetes 111Philodemus 70, 71Philomela 385, 457Phineus 148, 305, 306Phrygius, Callimachus’ Aitia 227Phyllis 79, 82, 105, 113, 417, 450Picasso 458

Picus (sylvan divinities) 54–5Pieria, Callimachus’ Aitia 227Pierus, daughters of 165Pindar, genius 253Pirithous 147, 150, 159, 173, 368Plancius, defended from having taken part in

gang rape 122Planudes, Maximus 317, 322, 325Plautus 22, 100, 189–90Pliny the Elder 212poetics 204, 205, 366–8poetikos 54poetry

association with the equestrian order 18, 19, 20

association with the theater 18–19, 20Augustan age 3–4, 8–10, 13–17, 21–2, 22–5bucolic poetry 24censorship of 17Cicero’s views 27invective poetry, Ovid’s use 185–6neoterics 253–7

politics, Metamorphoses 404–6Poliziano, Angelo 333, 335, 337Pollio, Asinius 371Polydorus (son of Polyxena) 38Polyxena 29, 38–9Pompey 10, 11, 129, 399Pomponius Flaccus, dedicatee of Epistulae ex

Ponto 4 199Ponticus 3, 4, 15Pontifex Maximus 12, 121, 126, 133Poseidon 229Posidippus 220Postgate, J. P. 325Postumus 269Pound, Ezra 455–6POxy 4711 231, 232POxy 4712 233Praenestine calendar 124–6, 127, 128, 136Priam 306Priapus 100, 135priestly colleges 121Priscian 317Procne 383Prometheus 50Propertius 14–16, 70, 71, 72, 81, 82, 90, 127,

142, 173, 224, 240acclamation of Virgil’s Aeneid 140avoidance of epic 141on civil wars 5comparison with Ovid 93, 94, 95, 98and Cynthia 66, 269, 270–2as elegist 70, 131, 266–8, 284–5, 371, 372emotional verisimilitude 67Hercules’ service to Omphale 407

Index 531

humor 268–70infl uence of Callimachus 244, 245, 248infl uence on Ovid 3, 4, 265, 272–7, 280–1,

293, 296literary standing 356on locked-out lovers 69on love as soldiering 69narratives 272–4parallels with Epistulae ex Ponto 197–8poetical development 17, 23political pressures refl ected in poetry 17on pornographic effect of sex shows 123prostitutes’ didacticism 100and the Symbolic 391Tibullus’ infl uence 290, 291treatment of mythology 269–70

prosopopoeiae 32prostitution 99–100, 129, 130pseudepigrapha 210pseudo-Probus 208Ptolemies 220, 350Publicii 134Puelma, M. 240pueri lenoni 132Pulter, Hester 439Purser, Louis 339Pushkin, Alexander 458Puteolanus, Francisus

(Francesco Dal Pozzo) 320Pygmalion 449Pylades 124, 173Pyramus 187, 188, 368, 389, 390, 434, 447Pyrrha 387Pythagoras 151, 157, 163

Quint 406Quintilian 4, 41, 151, 190, 208, 258, 280, 337,

372–3, 376, 405Quintilius (Horace, Ars Poetica) 201

Rand, E. K. 458Ransmayr, Christoph 465–6Ranucci, G. 345rape 128, 362–4, 385Raphael Regius (Raffaele Regio), commentary on

Metamorphoses 335–8, 335fi g. 5

readers, and readership 86, 171, 387–93the real 173, 393recension 318reception theory 171recipients 199recusatio (‘refusal’) 69, 259Reeve, M. D. 322–3Regius 322religion 45–9, 50–5, 57–8

Remedia amoris (Ovid) 6, 104–5, 173, 268, 366, 381

Callimachus assessed in 239–41Chaucer’s use 419generic transgressions 115–18Lyly’s use 427medieval commentaries 411metapoetic frame 105–10praecepta 110–14on sex shows 124

Renaissance, women, and Ovid’s infl uence 436–9

Renaissance English LiteratureOvid’s infl uence 423–5, 432–6

works censured 425–32renunciation 68repetitiveness 204–5Res Gestae 178response-theory 388rhetoric 18, 26–8, 80, 290

Amores 29–32Epistulae ex Ponto 204–5Heroides 32–4Metamorphoses 34–9, 405Ovid’s address to Augustus 39–44

Rhetorica ad Herennium 26, 34, 337Rhetorike 26Richmond, J. 214Riese, A. 325Rilke, Rainer Maria 457Rimell, V. 391–2, 393Ripert, Émile 457Roberts, Michèle 464Rogers, Christabella 437Roman calendar see calendarsRoman Empire

global geography 400–1political developments under Augustus 10–13

Roman triumphs 62Romania 459, 463–4Rome

civil wars following Julius Caesar’s death 4–5Tristia 179

Romulus 40, 130, 132, 133, 157, 166, 342Root, Robert Kiloburn 443, 451Rosati, G. 343–5Ross, David 350Rufi nus 196, 402

Sabinus 185, 365–6, 379Sabinus, Aulus 215–16Sabinus, Georgius, Fabularum Ovidii interpretatio

338sacrifi ces, the Fasti 53–5Salamis, sea battle 401Sallust 210

532 Index

Salmacis 276, 361–4, 368, 430Saltonstall, Wye 478, 480, 481Sandys, George 470, 476fi g. 10, 477, 480–1Sappho 79, 87, 88, 240sarcasm (Mukterismos) 34Satala (fortress) 401satire 405Saturnalia 122satyr plays 124, 127, 128, 129–30Schneider, Otto 229Schoeffer, Peter 319scholia 327Scot, Reginald, Discovery of Witchcraft 446, 452,

454Scylla 117–18, 149, 231, 276, 360, 392Scythia, refl ection in Epistulae ex Ponto 204second Aldine edition 321–2Sedlmayer, H. 325seduction, art taught in Ars amatoria 90, 91–2self-advocacy 28self-defense, Ovid’s use 31–2self-hatred, Tristia 179Semele 52, 304, 428Semiramis 70, 357senate 11

control of priestly colleges 121innovations into the Julian calendar 121involvement in Julius Caesar’s death 133neglect of Flora’s cult 134parodied 150, 157, 164, 404

senators 18, 20Seneca the Elder 27–9, 30–1, 36, 80, 208, 359,

424Seneca the Younger 316–17, 379, 397, 398,

404–6Servius 329, 352Sestius, defense 37sex shows, as religious festivals 122, 123–4Sextus Pompeius 195, 198, 203sexual mores, Martial’s concerns with 399–404sexuality

and genderAmores 356–60, 365–6Metamorphoses 361–4, 366–8, 368Ovid’s treatment 369

Shakespeare, WilliamA Midsummer Night’s Dream, Ovid’s infl uence

446–8, 451Ovid’s infl uence 433, 442–5, 449–54The Tempest, Ovidian infl uences 450, 451–4The Winter’s Tale, Ovidian infl uences 448–9

Shapcott, Jo 464Sharrock, A. R. 351–2Sherburne, John 477, 481Shuckburgh, E. S. 339Sidney, Philip, Sir 425

silence 385Sisson, C. H. 461Skutsch, O. 167Slater, D. A. 325‘slave’ role fi gure, love elegy 94–5Slavitt, David 482, 483social mores, and Ars amatoria 96–9Societas Bipontina 319Socrates 99Solodow, Joseph 45–6, 51Somnium 210–11Somnus 110Sophocles 28, 347space, Tristia 178–9Spenser, Edmund, The Faerie Queene 426,

428–30Spentzou, E. 385star-myths 223Statius 397, 398, 406–9stemma codicum 312stemmatic method 324storytelling 145Strabo, Geography 335Strauss, Richard 455, 458Studley, John 543style 172suasoriae 28the sublime 393Suda 221, 231, 237Suetonius 124, 131, 181, 295Suillius 199Sulmo (Sulmona) (Ovid’s hometown) 4, 5Sulpicia 84Sweynheym, Konrad 320Sygambri 294the Symbolic 173, 390–1Syme, R. 126Syrinx, Pan’s attempted rape 367

Tabucchi, Antonio 466–7Tantalus 222Tarlton, Bishop 434Tarrant, R. J. 204, 298, 313, 314, 326, 386, 405Tawada, Yoko 465Telethusa 409Terence 18, 22Tereus 385Testard, Robinet 435fi g. 7Teubner, Fasti 326textual criticism 311–15

Ovidian manuscripts 315–19, 320–1, 324, 325Ovidian printed editions 318–26

theater 18–19, 20, 127–8Themis 132Theocritus 23, 219, 222, 227, 233, 236, 237,

242

Index 533

Theodorus 228Thermae Agrippae (Rome) 129Theseus 33, 173, 408Thetis 30, 161, 406–7, 408–9Thisbe 188, 368, 389, 390Thyestes 189Tiberius (Emperor) 40, 137, 138, 155, 195, 197,

203, 209, 401Tiberius Nero, adoption into the house of Caesar

127Tibullus, Albius 14–15, 16, 68, 84, 90, 240,

265, 303on civil wars 4–5and Delia 271as elegist 371, 372emotional verisimilitude 67and erotodidaxis 100infl uence on Ovid 3, 4, 93, 94, 95,

258, 260, 275, 279–84, 284–8, 288–92, 292, 293, 296

literary standing 356on love as soldiering 69poetic vocation 17and the Symbolic 391

time 110–11, 130–1, 157–8, 178–9, 404–5Timon, Silloi 224Tinckler, Isaac 478, 480Tiresias, Ovidian story refl ected in Eliot 456–7Tissol, G. 188, 383Titus Flavius Sabinus Vespasianus, conquest over

the Jews 401Titus Labienus 17, 185Titus Livius, Chaucer’s use 419Tityrus 47Tlepolemus 160–1, 368Tolumnius 305Tomi 6, 377Tomis 41, 173, 174, 179, 180, 194, 425Toohey, P. 100tragedy 22, 24, 47, 141, 260–1, 376–7transformation, and love, medieval concerns in

Ovidian commentaries 411translation 469–70, 471–3, 474, 477, 481–3Traube, Ludwig 330Tristia (Ovid) 165, 170–1, 186, 193, 194–5, 205

biographical information in 4composition 7, 174contents 174–8gendered reception 366genre 371humor 180–1identifi cation of Ovid’s enemy 185intertextuality 173–4Lyly’s use 427Merkel’s edition 323mythology 173

poetics 182, 344portrayal of Augustus 55reworking of Tibullus 285–8rhetoric 41–2structure 196themes 178–80translations 480

triumph theme, use by Tibullus and Ovid 291Trojan War, in the Metamorphoses 368Tucca 294Tullus 268, 273Turbervile, George, translation of Heroides 479Turnus 301, 302–3, 304, 306Tydeus 189

uates 46–7uirtus 368Ulysses 28, 34–7, 116–17, 345uolgares puellae/professae 130, 132urbanitas 260

Valerius, Argonautica 379Valerius Corvinus Messalinus, M. 181Varius Rufus, L. 8, 9, 13, 14, 20, 24, 25, 208,

294Varro Atacinus 24, 130Varus, Alfenus 371Vatican Mythographers 331Vegio, Maffeo 216Velz, J. W. 450Venereal festivals 130Venus 30, 128–9, 133, 166, 258, 291, 406Venus Erycina, temples of (Rome) 108Venus Verticordia 129Verducci, Florence 479Veremans, J. 289Verlaine, Paul 458–9Verrius Flaccus 124–6, 129, 134Vertumnus 277, 384–5Vespasian, T. Flavius Sabinus (Emperor),

colonization of Cappadocia 401Vesta 133, 134–7, 138Vestal Virgins 122, 124Vestalis 198Victorian scholars, views of Ovid 65, 66–7Vinicius 29Virgil 100, 142, 255, 329

‘Acontius and Cydippe’ 238Aeneid 15, 24, 25, 55, 146, 158, 405–6

Ovid’s use 61, 70, 140, 142, 143, 150, 159, 180, 299–303, 304, 305–6, 341, 352–3

biography 371–2bucolics invoked by Ovid

(Remedia amoris) 111–12celebrates Gallus as elegist 4on civil wars 4

534 Index

Virgil (cont’d)critical appreciation of Callimachus 259Dante’s appreciation 413Dryden’s assessment 471Eclogues 13Elyot’s assessment 426and epic 115Georgics 13, 14, 90, 92, 101, 144, 275, 360infl uence 3, 29, 36, 38, 261, 303–6, 397infl uenced by Callimachus 244, 248intertextuality 296–9, 345, 350literary standing 8, 21, 356medieval commentaries 411neoterics 255poetics 17, 23, 24, 344portrayal of the gods 51self-assessment 152–3twentieth-century concerns with 455–6, 458use of uates 46

Vitruvius, on satyr plays 124Volusius, Annales 256Vulcan 30, 129Vulgate commentary 411

Walcott, Derek 461Walleys, Thomas 332Warbeck, Perkin 434Watts, A. E. 473Weever, John 434Wharton, Anne 437Wheatley, Phillis 479Wheeler, S. M. 386, 387–8Whitney, Isabella 437‘whores’ (meretrices), and ‘matrons’ (matronae)

99Wilkinson, L. P. 148, 458

Williams, G. D. 185, 186–7, 190, 348Wills, J. 244Wishart, David 465witchcraft 446, 453–4women

Amores 356–8, 359–60Ars amatoria 90, 95–6erotodidaxis 100literacy 21in love 233Ovid’s portrayal 255participation in religious festivals 125, 128–9,

130Renaissance period, Ovid’s infl uence 436–9role in the Heroides 82–5, 87–8sexual mores 400–2social status 99, 124–6subversion of epic values 149translations of Ovid 478–9voices ventriloquization 412wool-working 367

Women’s Classical Caucus of the American Philological Association 462

Woodstock 438Woolf, Virginia 457Worde, Wynken de, The fl ores of Ovide de arte

amandi with theyr englysshe afore them 472fi g. 8, 473

Wroth, Mary, Lady 437–8Wyke, Maria 73, 359

Zalmoxis (Scythian god) 459, 464Zimmerman, Mary 467Zingerle, A. 303Zoilius 403Zumwalt, N. 162