Cass, Richard W. Title: Educating Future Construction ...

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Author: Cass, Richard W. Title: Educating Future Construction Professionals, Is The Construction

Management Technology Degree At Fox Valley Technical College Current

With Construction Technology?

The accompanying research report is submitted to the University of Wisconsin-Stout, Graduate School in partial

completion of the requirements for the

Graduate Degree/ Major: MS Degree/Construction Management

Research Advisor: Chang-Ray Chen, Ph.D.

Submission Term/Year: Winterm 2021

Number of Pages: 169

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NAME: Richard Cass DATE: 1/11/2021

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NAME: Chang-Ray Chen DATE: 1/11/2021

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Cass, Richard W. Educating Future Construction Professionals, Is The Construction

Management Technology Degree At Fox Valley Technical College Current With Construction

Technology?

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to understand current construction technology offerings at Fox

Valley Technical College (FVTC) and align them with trending technology. Surveys were sent to

industry professionals and FVTC Construction Management Technology (CMT) alumni, of

which eighty-three total responses were received. Survey results confirmed that the

architectural, engineering, and construction (AEC) technology taught at FVTC is current and

aligned with today’s industry operating in Wisconsin. Receiving proper and aligned training and

education on current and trending technology, FVTC CMT graduates’ job-ready students. The

results also revealed that most of the companies surveyed are investing in trending technology

and expect changes to occur within fewer than five years. Finally, most professionals and

alumni are looking to the technical college system for providing continued and updated training

in trending AEC technology.

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Acknowledgments

I would like to thank my family, Kimberly, Samantha, and Alex, for supporting me

through the journey of the Master of Science degree in Construction Management at UW-

Stout. Without their understanding and support of my time and devotion to my degree

and thesis I would not have been able to make this such a success.

To my parents, career educators, Bonnie Cass, M.Ed. and Dr. Richard Cass, PhD who

have always encouraged and supported my life’s goals and instilled the core values of life

including the value of education. In addition, to my father for his support of all my

writings. I will never be out from under the script of his red felt tipped pen.

To my advisors for my thesis, Dr. Calvin Chen and Dr. Raed Jarrah for assisting in the

writing, formatting, and data analysis. Their willingness to discuss, guide, and mentor

me through the thesis process prepared me for a successful and meaningful conclusion to

my degree. Working with me as a student and respecting me as a fellow educator Dr.

Chen has been a wonderful sounding board and guide these last few years.

To Dr. John Killingsworth for his support to me as a student in the MS program while as

a faculty member at UW Stout and as a faculty member at Colorado State University.

For guiding me through some of the challenges of being an educator and a student in the

same career field.

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For the assistance in drafting the first three chapters of my thesis, Dr Sally Dresdow was

a tremendous help in organizing and mentoring me through the beginning stages of this

thesis.

Lastly, I would like to express my gratitude to Fox Valley Technical College for its

financial support of my degree. Without the generous contributions that were invested in

my education, none of this would have been possible. To my students, past and present

for supporting me as a fellow student and understanding the commitment of both learning

and teaching. And to the FVTC CMT industry partners for assisting in the guidance and

feedback to complete my study.

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Table of Contents

Abstract ............................................................................................................................................2

List of Figures ..................................................................................................................................8

Chapter I: Introduction ...................................................................................................................10

Statement of the Problem ...................................................................................................11

Purpose of the Study ..........................................................................................................11

Research Objectives ...........................................................................................................12

Assumptions of the Study ..................................................................................................12

Chapter II: Literature Review ........................................................................................................14

Basis for Construction Technology ...................................................................................14

Construction Technology ...................................................................................................16

Wearables ...............................................................................................................16

Safety .................................................................................................................... 17

Augmented reality ..................................................................................................18

Building Information Modeling .........................................................................................19

Virtual reality .........................................................................................................20

Augmented reality ................................................................................................. 21

Laser scanning .......................................................................................................21

Construction professionals and their relationship with technology…...……… 22

Construction technology in college classes ...........................................................23

Summary ............................................................................................................................24

Chapter III: Methodology ............................................................................................................266

Subject Selection and Description ...................................................................................266

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Instrumentation ................................................................................................................277

Data Collection Procedures ..............................................................................................277

Data Analysis ...................................................................................................................288

Limitations .......................................................................................................................288

Summary ..........................................................................................................................299

Chapter IV: Results ........................................................................................................................30

Quantitative Data Anyalysis ..............................................................................................29

Industry vs alumni..................................................................................................30

Current technology.................................................................................................33

Trending technology ............................................................................................. 35

Benifits of technology ........................................................................................... 37

Trending technology investing ............................................................................. 40

Qualitative Data Analysis ..................................................................................................41

Recomeneded training location ..............................................................................41

Other technology ................................................................................................... 42

Attraction through technology ...............................................................................44

Chapter V: Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendation ...........................................................46

Discussion ..........................................................................................................................46

Conclusions ........................................................................................................................47

Recommendations ..............................................................................................................48

References ......................................................................................................................................51

Appendix A: Wisconsin Construction Professional Survey ..........................................................54

Appendix B: FVTC CMT Alumni Survey.....................................................................................63

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Appendix C: Survey Results ..........................................................................................................73

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List of Figures

Figure 1: This figure shows the number of respondents for professionals and alumni .................31

Figure 2: This figure shows the percentage of professionals requiring additional training after

graduation from the degree leading them into their career ................................................32

Figure 3: This figure shows the percentage of alumni requiring additional training after

graduation from the degree leading them into their career ................................................33

Figure 4: This figure shows the percentage of professionals and alumni, combined, using which

design software ..................................................................................................................34

Figure 5: This figure shows the combined survey respondents of alumni and professionals who

use which document management software ......................................................................34

Figure 6: This figure shows the number of responding professionals and alumni answer the

question: when do you think there will be a significant change in software? ...................35

Figure 7: This figure shows the combined professional and alumni responses for document

management for project managers .....................................................................................36

Figure 8: This figure shows the combined professional and alumni responses for BIM for project

managers ............................................................................................................................36

Figure 9: This figure shows the combined responses of professionals and alumni asking if

technology reduces waste and rework ...............................................................................37

Figure 10: This figure shows the combined responses of professionals and alumni for the

question does technology save time in the field ................................................................38

Figure 11: This figure shows the combined responses of professionals and alumni for the

question does technology increase technology ..................................................................38

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Figure 12: This figure shows the combined percentage of professionals and alumni for the

questions does technology save time in the office. ............................................................39

Figure 13: This figure shows the combined percentage of professionals and alumni who

indicated if their company is investing in technology .......................................................39

Figure 14: This figure shows what technologies the surveyed individual's companies are

investing in .........................................................................................................................41

Figure 15: This figure shows the combined professional and alumni suggestions for continued

training locations ................................................................................................................42

Figure 16: This table shows the combined percentages of professionals and alumni of trending

technology for project managers ........................................................................................44

Figure 17: This table shows the combined percentages of professionals and alumni of trending

technology for project managers ........................................................................................45

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Chapter I: Introduction

The vision statement for Fox Valley Technical College (FVTC) is to act as “A catalyst in

engaging partners to bring innovative educational solutions to individuals, employers, and

communities – transforming challenges into opportunities (Fox Valley Technical College, 2018).

As a robust part of the Wisconsin economy, architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC)

firm’s workloads are increasing and the AEC clients have become more educated on the AEC

process, increasing the demands on the AEC firms. Wisconsin’s construction industry is up 5.1%

which is higher than the national average of 3.3% and only 6% from this century’s peak in 2006

(Simonson, 2016). Greater demands for speed, savings, and quality have driven AEC firms to

find more efficient means of product delivery to the client or end users. Much like the hybrid car

was a solution to rising gasoline prices, so are various forms of design modeling, management

software, layout tools, and installation equipment to the AEC business. AEC professionals need

to incorporate new technologies in construction into their routines. Identifying the need for

technological change and actively utilizing these new applications will enhance their business

models on their current and future projects. It is an absolute must to remain competitive in the

construction industry (Gallagher, 2017).

The construction industry, perceived as traditional, is evolving into a highly technical

industry. Clients in the current economic climate are seeking contractors who can deliver

projects faster, for less expense, without sacrificing quality. Advancements in construction

technology has provided contractors the ability to streamline their processes from design through

management and installation. To remain competitive in the current market conditions, AEC

firms must adapt to the requirements while operating in that market. Contractors are relying on

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higher educational institutions to investigate, vet, and deliver the training on this new technology

for the current and future construction professionals.

Pan (2015) analyzed construction education programs, students in the programs had a

lack of critical construction technology knowledge. The Construction Management Technology

(CMT) program at Fox Valley Technical College is educating future construction professionals.

Wisconsin contractors depend on FVTC to supply them with ample graduates educated with the

most current construction technology. Loosemore (2015) discusses the daily challages of

adapting to new tecnologiclal advances in construction. Impacts on cost, quality, safety,

efficiencey in production and equality are tied to these new advances. In order to remain

competive, AEC firms must focus on the imdiate need to adaopt the new technology. The

success of the new FVTC graduate depends on the adaptation and teaching of the new

technology being embraced by the graduate’s future employers.

Statement of the Problem

The CMT program must understand the future of construction technology and integrate

those resources into the classroom, to remain a competitive construction program. As a result,

Wisconsin contractors that are seeking professionals and training they require, seek out other

construction educational programs for training and graduates.

Purpose of the Study

The purpose of this study was to identify the most current construction technology

applied to the construction profession. Research was conducted to identify the most current

trends in construction technology that Wisconsin contractors are seeking for their construction

professionals to understand. In addition to the current trends, a needs assessment was performed

to identify the future technological demands required to keep pace with the predicted growth in

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the construction industry. The outcome of this research was to identify and implement the means

and methods of current and future technological hardware and software in the CMT classroom.

The implementation of the technology is expected to attract younger more tech savvy

students to the CMT program. Training current construction professionals will allow contractors

to enhance their productivity and work smarter not harder. Alumni of the CMT program will

enter the workforce as a technological contributor to the construction industry. The ultimate

goal is to attract and train employable students benefiting Wisconsin AEC firms and FVTC alike.

Research Objectives

The following were the research objectives.

1. Identify the current technology utilized by construction professionals employed

by Wisconsin AEC firms.

2. Identify the technology training needs of Wisconsin AEC firms.

3. Identify the future technology and its place in Wisconsin’s construction

environment and the classroom.

4. Identify the method of instruction appropriate for new technology training at

FVTC.

5. Identify how new technology in the classroom to keep pace with

workplace demand.

6. Identify the satisfaction rating of current CMT students and alumni.

Assumptions of the Study

The assumptions of the study were as follows.

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1. Current technology trends do not align with the current CMT program curriculum.

2. Future construction technology will attract more learners to the CMT program.

3. Wisconsin AEC firms are willing to embrace the future technology and train their

current construction professionals at FVTC.

4. Funding is available through FVTC or other to fund research and development of

curriculum supporting construction technology.

5. Technological advancements in software and hardware provide a high return on

investment providing for a more economical delivery of construction projects.

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Chapter II: Literature Review

The purpose of the literature review was to identify the relevance of current and identify

new and future technologies for construction professionals. Information gathered was intended

to understand the future of the construction industry from a technological perspective.

Identification of solutions that are being driven by needs in the industry and how post-secondary

construction degree programs are responding to embrace the technology in the classroom to

educate future construction professionals.

Basis for Construction Technology

The construction industry has historically not been concerned with new technology and

resistant to change. Change in construction comes at a very slow pace in comparison to other

industries. The new technology that is revolutionizing the construction industry by modernizing

design and installation approaches has been adopted for AEC firms to remain competitive and

stay current with industry trends. Inefficiencies in production such as rework, interferences in

building components, and disconnects between architectural and engineering designs have also

been a spark for the development and adoption of new construction technologies in the United

States (Koutsogiannis, 2017).

Improved worker safety and higher productivity rates are attainable goals that contribute

to a streamlined approach through the use of new technology. New developments in software

and mobile technology have been adopted to offset the challenges of a labor shortage and an

increase in workload demand. Efficiencies in installation due to the technology result in a

reduction in needed site labor. Prefabrication and reduced rework have allowed AEC firms to

deliver in less time while maintaining their quality and safety standards (Constructech Staff,

2018).

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The construction industry is in the midst of a labor shortage. According to the United

States Department of Labor (2017) the construction industry increased the number of employed

construction workers by 184,000 to 6.9 million workers. In recent years, the construction

industry has experienced an employee shortage. As of October of 2017, the construction

industry had 227,000 vacancies nationally. This shortage of labor has delayed project schedules,

contractors have been required to increase the wages to attract new talent. Costs are increasing

in an industry where clients are demanding the efficiencies in time and expense (Constructech

Staff, 2018).

Remaining competitive and maintaining a viable number of professionals in the

construction industry is done through identifying a means of attracting a new workforce and

delivering a product efficiently with less resources. The attraction of workers is linked to the

generational traits of tomorrow’s worker. Generation Z is the fastest growing generation to enter

the workforce (Constructech Staff, 2018). Pew Research Center, according to Constructech

(2018), states that Generation Z is has the same hardworking and dedicated traits of the Baby

Boomer generation. The one major difference is that functioning in a technology driven

environment is all they have known. Generation Z understands and are attracted to new

technology in life and work. Providing attractive technological mediums in construction will

attract more workers to any industry, including construction (Constructech Staff, 2018)

Efficient project design and installation processes will allow contractors to install more

with less labor, reduced errors, and in a safer manner for new inexperienced Generation Z

workers. Implementing and deploying technology that is utilized by the construction

professionals through the use of wearable, mobile, and virtual reality type technology allows the

professional in the field to make informed decisions without consulting with another resource.

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Essentially the information and answers are understandable, true to life, and attainable at the

point of installation, reducing down time resulting from misinterpretation or errors due to

comprehension. Additionally, these devices will provide a clearer and safer work environment

for young professionals not yet seasoned in the construction industry (Constructech Staff, 2018).

Development of an educational and professional environment that has a culture that is

innovative and safe will attract this new generation of worker. With 20% of the workforce being

made up of Generation Z workers in 2019, Alexandria Broennimann, a consumer behavioral

specialist, states that new and exciting technological partnerships are on the horizon for

tomorrow’s construction professional (Constructech Staff, 2018, para. 12-15).

Construction Technology

The research performed by Jones (2017a) to identify viable construction technology

solutions revealed two major categories of technology. Wearables were identified as new

technology that is worn by construction professionals, primarily in the field. Building

Information Modeling (BIM) and its subsequent equipment was the second major cluster of

technology for AEC firms and construction professionals. Although these are separate

technologies, a fully integrated BIM has overlap in wearable technology when it comes to virtual

and augmented reality (Jones, 2017).

Wearables. Technology that is worn by construction professionals is a growing trend in

the construction industry. Jones (2017b) states that technology, as a part of personal protective

equipment (PPE), is worn by construction professionals. These devices create a safer condition

for the worker by monitoring them through sensors in their apparel. Jones (2016) also identifies

wearable devices that operate as an augmented reality device. Construction professionals don

glasses or a helmet with a shield that overlays a virtual design model over the physical

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environment that the wearer is viewing. This projection identifies the future phases or work for

the professional to plan and install.

Safety. Construction professionals and site safety are paramount to success in today’s

work environment. Construction projects are being forced to move at a faster pace and continue

to be economical. Reduction of workers and increased work demands place construction

professionals in a compromising position. Many workers will tell you that safety slows down

production through restricted access, set up times, and cumbersome equipment. They are

correct, but safety procedures will not slow work to the extent that an accident, injury, or fatality

can. Safety violations and incidents cost projects time and money in addition to damaging the

most valuable resource, human. With a new and younger workforce entering the construction

industry, employers must be vigilant in who they hire and to not place workers in compromising

situations. Experienced professionals also fall victim to safety, experiencing fatigue and

complacency. Most projects do not have a full-time safety manger and if they are lucky to have

one, it is just that, one compared to the 10’s to 100’s of workers.

Wearable tracking devices are embedded in hard hats, safety vests, gloves, boots, and

clipped to belts to monitor the activity of construction professionals on a project. Constructech

(2018) recommends attracting and protecting younger workers with wearable technology. They

identify simple monitoring such as clocking professionals in and out of the job based on the

visibility of a closed mesh network on the site.

According to Jones (2017b) the wearable sensors monitor the worker’s environment and

biometrics. The biometric sensors can monitor heart rate and body temperature. An alert will be

sent to a supervisor and the worker to identify fatigue or environmental stress that could

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potentially result in an unsafe action. The sensors also will monitor the motions and location of

the workers, thus tracking repetitive motion, posture, and slips and falls.

A real time locating system (RTLS) and/or global positioning system (GPS) can also be

linked to the sensors (Jones, 2017a, para. 13). Panic buttons, LED work and beacon lights, and

even airbags are part of the wearable system according to Jones. Jones (2017b) also identifies

the use of geo-fencing on the site. Positioning software integrated with a virtual model of the

site and physical installments will alert workers if they are in a restricted area. An alarm and

lights will bring this condition to their attention (para 4-5). Additionally, the wearables have the

ability to link to certain equipment such as Caterpillar through their Cat Detect system and radio

frequency identification (RFID) sensors. This will warn the worker, the equipment operators,

and if the worker becomes endangered, will shut down the equipment preventing an accident

(para. 8-12).

Augmented reality. Displaying a virtual image as an overlay on the actual image is

augmented reality. The user views things naturally with the augmented image in their sight line.

As the user moves, the image changes based on position. The user may also control the image,

i.e. turning on or off layers or functions. Koutsogiannis (2017) states that augmented reality

(AR) is a growing part of the construction industry. Construction professionals will be able to

visualize and plan for the work better with an augmented BIM. As the process of constructing

the building continues, the professionals can identify errors earlier and make the appropriate

adjustments, avoiding costly errors or delays (para 5-8). The answers are with the professionals

on the project in the form of glasses or a helmet with a visor (Beall, 2017). Lettire Construction

out of New York City has already been utilizing wearable AR on their construction sites. A

change in the culture of the projects they are implementing it on is a positive byproduct of the

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technology. They also attribute the AR to improved communications and increased productivity

because the worker has the information at their disposal and spends less time trying to obtain

answers to questions relating to design and installation (Constructech Staff, 2018).

Because the AR tool is in the form of a helmet visor, the professional can remain

productive while searching for answers with a hands-free interface. A vision-based AR system

will also allow construction professionals to document the project. Jones (2016) identifies the

use of safety or schedule checklists and daily reports as a means of documentation. Still or video

images can be taken to track progress or load and send to a consultant for clarification right from

the wearable AR unit. Integrating the BIM in the AR will assist in scheduling and site logistics

including deliveries, storage of material, equipment navigation and storage, and staging

operations. This task can be done while standing right in front of the area for the operation (para

16-20).

Building Information Modeling

Building information modeling (BIM) is a technique of generating a 3-dimensional (3D)

computer model that contains a building’s construction components including time and expense.

The BIM is collection of integrated software for design, construction, and operation of the

building that construct the project digitally during the design phase of construction (Beall, 2017).

Beal (2017) quotes Jose Cruz of New York’s UA Builders Group that the concern in the current

construction market is not the shortage of BIM technology, it’s the shortage of professionals

trained or experienced in the use of BIM software and tools. BIM begins in the design phase and

is operated in a virtual reality (VR) environment. In an asbuilt environment, or one that is being

renovated or being constructed, the BIM is now deployed as a VR tool. The as built

environment is also verified through the use of laser scanning tools that can measure and image

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the environment in its current condition. Scanned images can then be a platform for the

renovation BIM or as a verification of the BIM during construction (para. 11- 12).

Virtual reality. A BIM begins in the design phase of a construction project. Architects

and engineers develop the design in Revit, a design software package made by Autodesk

(Cumpton, 2018 para. 3). Cumpton (2018) of Faith Technologies identifies Revit as a database

that is operated with a graphical user interface. Faith Technologies designs all of their projects

with Revit and attributes their success to having modelers (designers) that started their career in

the field (para. 4-6).

The BIM is actually a virtual reality (VR) environment. The model is a 3-dimensional

representation of the designed or modeled project. The virtual model is creating a huge impact

on the architectural and engineering side of construction (Jones, 2016, para. 3). Jones (2016)

adds that the competition and advancements in graphical interfaces and computer display

technology has made this technology more affordable to the general user.

VR simulation is then generated from the BIM. The AEC team can provide this

experience to project stakeholders to have a full emersion experience. The use of Autodesk’s

LIVE platform, the VR of the BIM is an interactive and immersive for the user (Jones, 2016).

Goggles are worn to navigate a rendered and animated building model. This model may be

advanced in time or identify specific design components. Locating design flaws such as clashes

between building components and assisting the stake holder’s comprehension of the final project

both provide a monetary and time advantage. Making changes in the virtual environment is

tremendously inexpensive in comparison to altering elements after they have been installed.

Jones (2016) states that immersion in a full-scale 3D model of the entire project helps

with the understanding of space and design. Feedback from the stakeholders, architect,

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engineers, and contractors is real-time. Changes and adjustments can be made in the model with

the user still in it. This adaptability reduces confusion, answers questions, and accelerates the

decision-making process. Additionally, contractors can model operations on the project

including cranes, material access and staging and much more. An animated VR model provides

action for site logistics.

Augmented reality. When thinking of augmented reality (AR) for BIM in the AEC

industry, think of it more as augmented people. Professionals are outfitted with glasses or visors

that provides an enhancement of the real world through the overlay of images and virtual data

(Jones, 2016). The difference between AR and VR is that AR brings the design model to the

project and VR brings the user to the project. VR can be used anywhere because the entire

experience is artificial. AR for construction design functions only in the physical environment of

the project. It can overlay the design over asbuilt conditions providing comparisons or a look

into the future plans for the viewed area. The BIM is loaded into VR hardware such as Google

Glass or the DAQRI smart helmet with a combination visor-screen. The viewers provide the

user with a 3D plan of the project where they work, inspect, or tour the project. Layout and

inspection become the critical uses of the tool to ensure that work is performed to plan. No time

is lost or errors made from the translation of traditional 2D paper plans to install (Beall, 2017).

Laser scanning. A laser scanner is a mobile piece of equipment that sends beams of

light out in the form of a 360-degree scan. This scan creates a recording of data recovered in its

vision field capturing shapes, images, and measurements (Yoders, 2014). Yoders (2014), a

professional at Gilbane Building Company, states that laser scans can be imported into Revit

models providing a more realistic image for a BIM. The point clouds, retrieved from the

scanner, are stitched together to provide an actual 3D image of the space being scanned. Gilbane

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Building Company uses laser scanners to design, prefabricate, and coordinate the installation of

all the mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems. A FARO focus 3D scanner is utilized to

create the images that have saved time and reduced rework due to errors creating a more efficient

and economical approach to design and installation. Yoder is quoted as saying that the $60,000

FARO scanner can save up to $30,000 on any given site after a 30-minute scanning session when

integrated with the BIM. Because the laser scanner records the asbuilt space with precision, it

jumpstarts the dimensioning for a Revit model or verifies the built environment against the Revit

model (para. 2-3)

Construction Professionals and Their Relationship with Technology

In 2015, according to Beall (2017), the biggest challenge pertaining to hiring construction

professionals was finding candidates with BIM training or experience. The work force is falling

short of training professionals generating a gap between the swiftly growing technology and

professionals able to work with it.

BIM, VR, and AR are all forms of virtual prototyping in the AEC industry. Woksepp

(2007) defines the virtual construction environment as a spatially reliable means of

communicating design models to the user. As much as the virtual tools are exploratory, they are

also used as management tools. Utilizing the BIM software and VR and AR hardware to

visualize designs, simulate construction activities, clarify intent of the designer or stakeholder,

and identify interference between building components. Risk mitigation, efficiencies in schedule

and communication, and detection of errors in the planning or pre-install phases are all real

justifications for the use of the BIM, VR, and AR tools combined.

Use of laser scanning is being utilized by AEC professionals around the construction

industry. Laser scanning is not just an individual tool; it is integrated into the BIM process. The

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scanner becomes the tool for more accurate asbuilt data collection to create or verify the BIM

(Shanbari, Blinn, & Issa, 2016, p. 212). Cost savings or recovery of assets may be achieved in

just an hour of scanning and comparison (Yoders, 2014).

Construction Technology in College Classes

Colleges that are preparing candidates to enter the workforce as construction

professionals must ensure that the student attains the skills necessary to be employable and

skilled for the AEC firm they work for. Technology is an evolving component of all industries

including construction. Mcdermott (2009) of Iowa State University states that AEC firms need

to stay in tune with the future of the industry which is a challenge when most are continuously

focused on the survival in the present. While in this sink or swim mode, construction

organizations may rely on educational institutions to take on the task of studying the future of the

construction industry. Future professionals will expect to be taught current and up and coming

technologies to make them and their future employers viable. Studying what the industry will

look like and preparing for that is a challenge to most colleges and need to ensure that they meet

the needs of their students.

In an article in the November 2015 volume of the Journal of Information Technology in

Construction, Shanbari et al. (2016) identified the use of Revit, BIM 360 Glue, and Navisworks,

as software that is implemented for students to use lab-based exercises. The challenges of

technology use in a college classroom is primarily due to the time it takes for a student to learn

the software. After a semester of training students are finally comfortable enough to apply their

knowledge in a collaborative environment. At the University of Florida, construction students

are utilizing the software to develop a BIM in live environment (Shanbari et al., 2016). The

success of the collaboration is identified in their level of understanding. “BIM does not exist in

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isolation and requires a holistic understanding of construction processes, materials, and methods,

scheduling, and estimating to take full advantage of its capabilities” (Shanbari et al., 2016).

Simulations at the University of Nebraska – Lincoln are done in the classroom with

project-based scenarios. These models challenge the students to utilize construction project

management skills to develop, implement, and manipulate the virtual environment (Rokooei,

Goedert, & Woldesenbet, 2017). Rokooei et al. (2017) note that programs such as business,

medical, and military utilize simulations to teach and train. Their observation is that historically

a majority of AEC programs have not taken advantage of the benefits of simulations in the class

the same way they have. A major advantage of simulation is that it emulates the current industry

trends of BIM through VR and AR to work with stakeholders and professionals alike for design,

layout, and inspection of construction projects with the same technology. A second advantage is

that simulations allow for repetition, variety of situations, and models. Construction technology

needs to be taught and taught with. The BIM, AR, VR, and laser scanning become the tool to be

taught individually and then combined as the teaching tool.

Summary

The construction industry is facing a shortage of professionals. To overcome this

shortage, the construction industry is responding with technological advances. This new

technology is attracting a new, more tech savvy professionals to all aspects of construction. In

addition to attracting new talent, the current AEC firms can utilize this new technology to create

smarter, safer, and more economical job sites. Being able to add to the labor pool and do more

with less is a response that is driven by these new trends. BIM, augmented reality, virtual

reality, and laser scanning are creating safer sites though the use of wearables and bringing

25

accurate, real-time design and installation data directly to the stakeholders and construction

professionals.

Advancements in construction technology training must be embraced by colleges who

teach the AEC principles for construction professionals. The technology must be taught to the

learner and then used as a collaborative learning tool, simulating challenging construction

industry scenarios. Graduates of programs that embrace the future technology in construction

are preparing their graduates to bring with them their knowledge to the workplace and achieve

great success. “The advent of new technologies in combination with the extensive use of

software has started transforming construction to a promising career field” (Koutsogiannis,

2017).

26

Chapter III: Methodology

The purpose of the study was to identify the current and future technology utilized by

AEC firms and their professionals. The technical data collected from construction professionals

and FVTC CMT alumni was analyzed, allowing for a clearer understanding of the subjects’

experiences and how these relate to industry and educational needs. This chapter identifies the

process for data collection, the subjects and the selection criteria, procedures, and an analysis of

the collected data. The following objectives were addressed in the survey:

1. Identify the current technology utilized by construction professionals employed

by Wisconsin AEC firms.

2. Identify the technology training needs of Wisconsin AEC firms.

3. Identify the trending technology and its place in Wisconsin’s construction

environment and classroom preparation.

Subject Selection and Description

Subjects were selected and categorized into two groups. To identify the needs of the

construction industry and deliverables from FVTC, subjects were selected from a random group

of construction professionals in Wisconsin and then from a list of FVTC CMT alumni. The

selection of AEC and construction professionals was intended to take an even and distributed

sample from large, medium, and small AEC firms. The subjects surveyed were selected based

on their professional role as a construction project manager with the AEC firm in which they

were employed. AEC firms and construction professionals were selected from Wisconsin. All

FVTC CMT alumni were surveyed regardless of their location, employer, or experience.

27

The study, survey, and consent forms were approved by University of Wisconsin-Stout (UW-

Stout) Institutional Review Board on September 8, 2020.

Instrumentation

Two surveys were generated: one for random construction professionals; one for FVTC

CMT alumni. Both surveys were generated and distributed through Qualtrics. The two surveys

are identified in the appendix portion of this document. Appendix A is the survey developed to

collect data from construction professionals in Wisconsin; Appendix B was developed to collect

data for FVTC Construction Management alumni.

Both surveys were disaggregated into three objective categories: current construction

technology utilization; identification of future technology; and training/schooling experience and

needs. Subjects were asked to identify technologies they are currently using and technology that

they feel they would need in the future. Information collected from the literature for current and

future technologies will be identified as choices along with the ability for the subjects to identify

and others that are not listed. In addition, a five-point Likert scale assessment was adopted to

identify the benefits of technology and its implementation.

Construction professionals, selected at random were requested to identify and rate their

training or educational experience, and judge how well it translated to their career. FVTC CMT

alumni were asked a similar set of questions that were specific to the FVTC curriculum and its

value to their career. A two-point Likert scale was used to rate their satisfaction of

education/training for work force readiness and relevance.

Data Collection Procedures

Permission was requested and granted by FVTC’s Registrar’s Office and the CMT

department chair to contact alumni for this study. The UW-Stout Instructional Review Board

28

(IRB) approved the survey and its distribution to FVTC alumni. A list of program alumni was

generated and a survey link was sent by email to these individuals to participate in the survey

through Qualtrics. The surveys were distributed, collected, and analyzed by the Qualtrics tool.

A list of AEC firms was compiled through the FVTC network of employers. Permission

was requested and granted to survey each company’s construction professionals. The UW-Stout

IRB approved the survey and its distribution to AEC firms. A list of AEC firm participants was

generated, and a survey link was forwarded by email to the construction professionals employed

by those firms, requesting their participation through Qualtrics. The surveys were distributed,

collected, and analyzed by the Qualtrics tool.

Data Analysis

Data was collected from the two test groups: Wisconsin construction professionals and

FVTC CMT alumni. Both groups responded to the three objective categories: current

construction technology; trending technology; and training/schooling experience and needs.

Subjects were asked to identify the technologies they are currently utilizing, and the technology

they will need in the future were analyzed. This data was analyzed for frequency, percentages,

averages, and standard deviation. A comparison was first completed within both test groups and

as a comparison between the alumni and construction professionals. Reports and charts were

generated and exported using Microsoft Excel and Bluebeam.

Limitations

Two requirements were established for distributing the surveys: time; the composition of

the test groups. The test group comprising construction professionals was limited to the twenty-

five complying Wisconsin AEC firms. The alumni group was limited to CMT alumni for the ten

graduating classes from the CMT program from 2011-2020. A time limit of 21 days was

29

determined to ensure a rapid retrieval of data. All surveys were intended to be completed

utilizing Qualtrics. The projected response rate was 40%.

Summary

The purpose of the study was to identify the current and future technology utilized by

AEC firms and their professionals. The technical data collected from construction professionals

and FVTC CMT alumni was analyzed for a clearer understanding of how well their experiences

addressed the industry needs and corresponding educational needs. This chapter identifies the

process for data collection, the subjects and their selection, and the procedures for the analysis of

data.

Survey forms were designed to collect and analyze quantitative and qualitative data. One

hundred AEC professionals throughout the state of Wisconsin were surveyed to align with the

survey of ninety CMT alumni spanning ten graduating classes. Evaluation of the responses was

conducted using descriptive statistical analysis that included: frequency counts, percentages,

averages, and standard deviations. Responses returned inserting “Other” or with comments

were done through a thematic analysis. The results of the study are detailed and documented in

Chapter IV of this paper.

30

Chapter IV: Results

The following summarizes the results of the survey sent to AEC professionals and FVTC

CMT alumni in Wisconsin and Greater Fox Valley area. Between November 2, 2020 and

November 22, 2020, 190 individuals were surveyed. Of those surveyed, 90 subjects were FVTC

CMT alumni, and 100 were AEC industry professionals. FVTC’s motto is “Knowledge That

Works.” One intent of the survey was to discover alignment between technology currently being

taught in the classroom with what is being employed in the field. The second intent was to

identify trending technology to ensure FVTC will continue to support the needs of its students

seeking employment. The final objective was to identify the degree to which technology attracts

students to the profession of construction management. A 33-question survey was sent to AEC

professionals and a 36-question survey was sent to FVTC CMT alumni. The data was analyzed

by means and percentages for each question in each of the two sections of both groups. This

quantitative and qualitative analysis provided a clear direction and understanding of the

individuals, companies they work for, and the curriculum requirements for maintaining a current

and trending technology base of education.

Quantitative Data Analysis

Two surveys were generated and compared through Qualtrics and MS Excel to identify

the nature of the two groups and their responses to the same quantitative questions. 48.88% of

the alumni responded, and 39.00% of the industry professionals responded. Of the 190 surveys

sent, 83 total responses were received, with a balanced response rate of 53.01% alumni and

46.99% industry professionals. There was a 44% overall response rate.

The mean for company size was consistent among both survey groups. Most of the

respondents worked for medium-size companies. The mean was around 3, representing $50 to

31

$100-million-dollar companies. As shown in Figure 1, 33.33% of the alumni and 29.73% of the

industry professionals worked for companies that net between $5 and $50 million in revenue. A

medium-size company would be classified earning under $100 million, and this designation

characterizes most respondents.

Of the responding alumni, 33.33%, the majority, earned between 5 and 10 years of

industry experience. 47.22% of the industry professionals have 20+ years’ experience. Of the

responding individuals, 61.11% of the construction professionals earned a bachelor’s degree or

higher as opposed to 15.38% of the alumni. 71.79% (with mean being 4.39) of the alumni are

working with an associate degree.

Industry vs. alumni. Both survey groups are diverse yet similar. The industry

professionals possess more years of experience and, on average, a higher level of education. Of

the 61.11% of the industry professionals who currently have a bachelor’s degree or higher, only

Figure 1. This figure shows the number of respondents for professionals and alumni.

32

77.78% of them have a degree with an AEC concentration. 52.78% of the industry professionals

began their career with an education lower than an undergraduate degree. This signifies that

over half of the industry respondents and 84.62% of alumni were successful in beginning and

maintaining a career with a technical school background. When asked if their education

prepared them for the technology demanded in construction, 97.3% of FVTC alumni stated

“Yes,” and 72.22% of the industry professionals also stated “Yes.” 100% of FVTC alumni

affirmed their education sufficiently prepared them for their first job. Finally, Figure 2 shows

that 69.44% of industry professionals required additional training when beginning their career

whereas only 39.49% of FVTC CMT alumni required additional training as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 2. This figure shows the percentage of professionals requiring additional training after

graduation from the degree leading them into their career.

33

Figure 3. This figure shows the percentage of alumni requiring additional training after

graduation from the degree leading them into their career.

Current technology. 97% of alumni stated that the technology taught at FVTC is

current. FVTC’s current curriculum teaches Bluebeam, Procore, Revit, and Navisworks as

design and document management software. When surveyed, as shown in Figure 4, the highest

percentage of software used was Bluebeam: 24 of the 39 respondents used Bluebeam. AutoCAD

and Revit were number-two: 21 of the 39 respondents use this software. Procore is used by 18 of

the 39 respondents, and CMiC is used by 10 of the 39 respondents. Only 14 of 44 FVTC alumni

are using Bluebeam for document management in their job, and 18 are using some other

proprietary software as shown in Figure 5. The CMT program at FVTC is trending with industry

and is preparing its graduates with tools they will use immediately out of school and as they

progress in their career. A majority of the industry respondents are seasoned professionals, with

34

75% having more than 10 years’ experience.

Figure 4. This figure shows the percentage of professionals and alumni, combined, using which

design software.

Figure 5. This figure shows the combined survey respondents of alumni and professionals who

use which document management software.

35

Figure 6. This figure shows the number of responding professionals and alumni answering the

question: when do you think there will be a significant change in software?

Trending technology. 55.26% of alumni and 50.00% of industry professionals both

agree, shown in Figure 6, that construction technology will be changing within the ensuing two-

to-five years. Document management, BIM, and Layout are the top three trending technologies

used by alumni and industry professionals today. 35 of the 44 (79.54%) alumni, and 27 of the 39

(69.23%) professionals agree that trending technologies in document management are a top

priority, a combined percentage as shown in Figure 7. The second priority for project managers

is BIM technology, with 47.72% of alumni and 51.28% of professionals agreeing, a combined

percentage as shown in Figure 8. Layout technology was third, and rated highest for

superintendents.

36

Figure 7. This figure shows the combined professional and alumni responses for document

management for project managers.

Figure 8. This figure shows the combined professional and alumni responses for BIM for

project managers.

37

Benefits of technology. Reducing waste and rework was identified as the number-one

benefit for employing technology in the construction process. 27.03% of industry professionals

agree, and 61.16% strongly agree on this benefit. Overall, 89.19% of the respondents attribute

the use of technology to the reduction in waste and rework. 90.47% of alumni agree or strongly

agree with non-FVTC graduates that reduction in waste and rework is achieved through the use

of technology, a combined percentage as shown in Figure 9.

Figure 9. This figure shows the combined responses of professionals and alumni asking if

technology reduces waste and rework.

Figure 10 identifies 78.38% of professionals and 82.93% of alumni affirmed that the technology

they utilize saves delivery and install time in the field. It can be postulated speed reduces

quality; however, as shown in Figure 11, 86.49% of the industry professionals, and 78.05% of

alumni reported that technology increases work quality. According to these respondents, quality

is not dismissed with the implementation of technology. Technology maintains quality while

38

creating schedule (time) efficiencies.

Figure 10. This figure shows the combined response of professionals and alumni for the

question does technology save time in the field.

Figure 11. This figure shows the combined response of professionals and alumni for the

question does technology increase quality.

39

Figure 12. This figure shows the combined percentage of professionals and alumni showing that

technology saves time in the office.

Saving time in the office is also a highly recognized benefit of technology. 95. 24% of alumni

and 83.78% of professionals either agree or strongly agree with this benefit, as shown in Figure

12. Efficiencies in the office due to time management frees project managers for professional

responsibilities beyond administrative duties.

Figure 13. This figure shows the combined percentage of professionals and alumni who

indicated if their company is investing in technology.

40

Trending technology investing. Alumni report that 79.40% of their companies are

investing in trending technology, and 80.56% of industry professionals report the same finding

as summarized in Figure 13. Fax machines, landline phones, and paper-based records are being

phased out as platforms for communication. Document management technology is an efficient

replacement for storing and sharing documents with project teams. 41.02% of industry

professionals responded that job binders are becoming obsolete; 35.89% respectively agreed the

same is true for paper files and reports.

Alumni and industry professionals report that efficiency, remaining current with

technology, and remaining competitive are the top three reasons for investing in construction

technology. 74.35% of professionals and 70.45% of alumni responded that their companies are

investing in construction technology to increase efficiencies. To keep up with the industry trends

and remain current with technology, 56.62% of all respondents reported that they are keeping

current as well as remaining competitive in the AEC industry. Although technology is

sometimes a requirement for working with clients and consultants, fewer than 20% indicated that

this was a reason for their investment. (Figure 14)

41

Figure 14. This figure shows what technologies the surveyed individual’s companies are

investing in.

Qualitative Data Analysis

A qualitative analysis was completed on: “Recommended Training Locations,” “Other

Technology,” and “Attraction to Construction though Technology.” Information on “Other

Technologies” was captured through open-ended responses to questions relating to use and

investment. What does the future of construction look like and how can new professionals be

attracted to the industry? Both groups were also surveyed to identify their experiences and

perception of how new candidates are drawn the industry.

Recommended training locations. Stated earlier, 69.44% of industry professionals

required additional training upon beginning their career, whereas only 39.49% of FVTC CMT

alumni required additional training. Figure 15 shows 56.41% of alumni recommend a technical

college for new or continued technology education, and 61.11% of industry professionals agree.

42

72.22% of the industry professionals state that their degree prepared them for implementing

Figure 15. This figure shows the combined professional and alumni suggestions for continued

training locations.

technology in their career; 69.44% required further training; and even though a majority were

educated in a setting other than a technical college, they recommend a technical college for

remaining current. Alumni who replied that their experience at FVTC adequately prepared them

for their career but who also sought additional training in technology recommend returning to the

technical college system for that training. Most industry professionals and alumni agree that a

technical college like FVTC, is their preferred destination for continued construction technology

education or training.

Other technology. The quantitative analysis focuses on the specific technology that was

presented in the survey. From a qualitative perspective, both alumni and industry professionals

43

confirm that project managers and superintendents primarily use laptops, Apple iPads, and Apple

iPhones. This response signifies that both positions are highly mobile with their technology and

prefer Apple for their tablet and phone technology. The survey indicated that foremen or women

they primarily use Apple iPads and iPhone.

Software technology was specifically addressed in quantitative analysis as well. The

survey allowed for open-ended responses to identify other software being utilized and was

addressed as a qualitative response. The responses from the industry professionals and alumni in

the “Other” category were diverse. Only two common responses, SageTimberline and in-house

proprietary for document management were reported, and there were no commonalities among

design software. The responses verify that most of the respondents are using the standard

systems identified in the survey, which align with the systems taught at FVTC.

Drone use was a response given by a surprisingly high number of subjects as shown in

Figure 16. 29.54% of alumni have project managers utilizing drone technology and 20.51% of

industry professionals responded similarly. Using drone technology ranked higher than virtual

and augmented reality. Drone technology is not taught at FVTC but can be identified as one area

that could be addressed as an industry trend. Fortunately, the CMT program is located next to

the FVTC Aviation program which has a drone pilot program. Partnering these two programs

would fill this need.

44

Figure 16. This figure shows the combined percentages of professionals and alumni of trending

technology for project managers.

Attraction through technology. The construction industry is continuously looking for

ways to attract new talent to the workforce. The surveys inquired whether technology attracted

them to construction. 23.08% of alumni and 22.22% of professionals affirm that technology

attracted them to the industry. However, 35.90% of the alumni and 38.89% of the professionals

stated that technology also attracted them to their school of choice. This discovery reveals that

technology influenced their learning and school choice more than the industry itself.

45

When asked if they felt that technology attracts young workers to the construction

profession, 61.11% of professional respondents and 53.65% of the alumni respondents either

agreed or strongly agreed as shown in Figure 17.

Figure 17. This figure shows the combined percentages of professionals and alumni stating that

technology attracts young workers to the construction profession.

As a result, both professionals and alumni recognize the benefits of including technology into the

curriculum for a new generation of professionals seek a career in construction management.

These results doubled based on their choice.

46

Chapter V: Discussion, Conclusion, and Recommendation

The purpose of this study was to identify technology trends in construction and

technology’s relation to educational opportunities. The study was also designed to determine if

the technology taught at FVTC meets or exceeds the current criteria and trending technologies

construction professionals use. In addition, the study was designed to identify solutions to attract

and prepare potential FVTC graduates for their career changes in the industry.

Discussion

The study was prepared to dissect local construction professionals who are and are not

graduates of the FVTC CMT program. The purpose was to retrieve unbiased responses that

identified current industry technology, trending technology, the nature of the trending

technology, and technology’s impact on the attraction and preparation of current and future

FVTC students.

The industry not only reports the need to fill vacancies among their ranks due to

retirement, but the greater need is to hire professionals who are ready to embrace current

technologies in construction when entering the job market. Innovation is a critical component of

construction, and it has typically lagged such industries as manufacturing in adapting to new and

trending process and delivery methods. The needs involve both trained and available candidates

who understand and can perform effectively in construction’s rapidly evolving modern

environment. These skills, aligned with industry demands, must be determined and taught at

FVTC to satisfy the needs of an emerging industry.

A qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed to identify the industry’s existing

and emerging technologies. The results from both groups verified that FVTC is providing

education and training that align with industry demands. Graduates of the CMT program

47

confirm that the technology instruction prepared them for their career. The alumni responded to

the survey that the technology taught is current and aligns with industry demands. The AEC

professionals responded to a series of questions confirming the alumni’s direct response that the

technology taught at FVTC is current and meeting the industry demands.

In the industry, demand is particularly high for project managers accomplished in

document management and design software. FVTC is current on these deliveries, providing

graduates with a job-ready skill set. The study produced this consensus: technology is evolving

and in the next two to five years, and current technology will have changed or been upgraded.

To remain competitive and efficient in project deliveries, investment in the current and trending

technologies is critical. Efficiencies in both the office and the field are necessary to remaining

competitive, i.e., reducing time and expense while maintaining and increasing quality. The study

revealed that technology is not a replacement for skill or manpower; it revealed technology is a

boon for reducing waste and rework. This technology, however, must be understood and utilized

by all AEC professionals.

Focusing on teaching both current technology and trending technology in construction

will provide job-ready graduates from FVTC. Promoting and teaching these technologies

appears necessary to attracting new students and future professionals to the field of construction.

Employers are looking to fill positions. In a competitive work environment, companies expect

candidates to understand the current and future needs of the industry, fully prepared to address

these essentials upon graduation.

Conclusions

The local construction industry in Wisconsin is looking for professionals who are well-

versed in technology, specifically document management, BIM, and project layout. AEC firms

48

are investing in these technologies and see them as the current and trending. The ability to use

mobile devices and software for electronic project documentation is a critical proficiency

required of today’s construction managers. Skills specific to this proficiency include the use of

document management software, design and modeling software, and corresponding layout

equipment. These technologies are not only attractive skills for their professional workforce,

they are attractive to potential candidates. The technologies are attractive to those professionals

working in the field, but also to the both the candidates interested in construction education.

In accordance with the feedback from alumni and non FVTC construction professionals,

FVTC is current with its instruction and technology. Alumni report that FVTC’s technology

instruction aligns with their job requirements; it has prepared them well, and current program

requires no improvement. Alumni and professionals also site that there is investment in trending

technologies and that a change in technology is unequivocally on the horizon. Maintaining and

investing in construction technology, therefore, is a must for FVTC if its wishes to maintain its

instructional excellence.

Recommendations

Based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis done in response to the study, FVTC is

right on track with its delivery of construction technology. A predicted change in trending

technology provides a basis for FVTC to prepare and incorporate trends in document

management, BIM, and layout methods and techniques. AEC firms are looking to invest in

technologies to reduce waste and rework, increase efficiencies, and maintain a quality product

for their customers.

The need for new and job-ready professionals in the construction industry will increase

the demand for graduates and trainees from FVTC. Industry professionals recommend that a

49

technical college is the desired source for this preparation. FVTC must maintain and focus on

integrating trending technologies to meet the demands of the employers. FVTC must

furthermore market the CMT program to potential candidates by promoting the trending

technology being taught in its classrooms. Employers are seeking updated training in technology

for those professionals requiring it. As the desired source for these skills, FVTC is expected to

provide available professional training opportunities in addition to degree course work. Program

enhancements that meet the industry demands is paramount to the success of the degree, its

graduates, and the employers served by the college and its graduates.

An investment in tools, equipment, mobile technology, and software must be made by

FVTC to ensure the appropriate delivery. Enhancing and adding classroom and lab space and

technologies in alignment with computer-based technologies for BIM technology are critical for

FVTC to answer the call of the responding professionals and their companies. Technology

should be utilized for design, as built, and onsite layout functionality. In addition, these tools

and technologies should be set up and designed to be taught in a replicated work setting. FVTC

must invest in additional, applied learning technologies in an environment that emulates the

industry experiences of the professionals who are expected to deliver these career-required skills.

The study reveals that technology attracts candidates to the construction industry. An

attractive and formulated marketing plan should be adopted to attract both new program students

and professionals seeking continuing education opportunities.

An active partnership between FVTC and industry professionals and their AEC firms is

beneficial to generate a true-to-life educational experience, focused on teaching current and

future technology trends that are in place or being implemented by the AEC firms.

50

The work does not cease with this study. A continuing partnership between FVTC and

industry will provide for an evolving educational experience. Regular requests for feedback and

guidance from industry using the CMT Advisory Committee and future surveys will maintain

FVTC’s success in delivering exceptional education in construction technology.

51

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Appendix A: Wisconsin Construction Professional Survey

The purpose of this study is to identify the current and future technology utilized by AEC

firms and their professionals. The technical data collected from construction professionals will

be analyzed and will allow for a clearer understanding of their experiences and relation to the

industry and educational needs.

Current Technology:

1. What size (capitol) company do you work for?

a. Less than $5Million b. $5 Million – $50 Million c. $50 Million - $500 Million d. $500 Million - $1 Billion e. More than $1 Billion f. Self Employed

2. What current design software do you utilize? Select all that apply:

o I don’t use design software o Revit o Blue Beam o Navisworks o AutoCAD o Other ________________________

3. What document management software do you utilize? Select all that apply:

o I don’t use document management software o Procore o Prolog o CMiC o BIM 360 o PlanGrid o Other ____________________

4. What modeling software do you utilize? Select all that apply:

o I don’t use modeling software

55

o Revit o Navisworks o BIM360 o Other ________________________

5. What technology utilized by project managers? Select all that apply:

o Laptop o Apple iPad o Android Tablet o Apple iPhone o Android Smart Phone o Virtual Reality (Oculus) o Augmented Reality (HoloLens) o Other _______________ o Drone

6. What technology is utilized by field superintendents? Select all that apply:

o Laptop o Apple iPad o Android Tablet o Apple iPhone o Android Smart Phone o Data Vault o Total Station o Robotic Total Station o Virtual Reality (Oculus) o Augmented Reality (HoloLens) o None o Other _______________ o Drone

7. What technology is utilized by installers including foremen? Select all that apply:

o Laptop o Apple iPad o Android Tablet o Apple iPhone o Android Smart Phone o Data Vault o Total Station o Robotic Total Station o Virtual Reality (Oculus)

56

o Augmented Reality (HoloLens) o None o Other _______________ o Drone

8. Your technology reduces waste and rework.

a. Strongly Disagree b. Disagree c. Neutral/No Option d. Agree e. Strongly Agree

9. Your technology saves time in the office.


10. Your technology saves delivery time in the field.


11. Your technology increases work quality.


12. Your technology reduces the amount of skilled labor on a project.


57

13. Your technology reduces the need for craft specific skill. i.e. less trained

carpenter can perform as well with the technology as a skilled carpenter without.


14. Your technology attracts young workers to the construction profession.


15. What technology/tools/techniques do you think is obsolete? a. Paper Plans b. PDF Plans c. Landline Phone d. Transit/Theodolite e. Job Binders f. Paper Files g. Paper Reports h. Fax Machine

Trending Technology

1. In your opinion, design software will see a significant change in _______ years?

a. Less than 1 year b. 1 – 2 years c. 2 - 5 years d. 5 – 10 years e. More than 10 years

58

2. You or your company is investigating tending construction technology.

a. Yes b. No

3. What type of technology are you or your company investigating to purchase?

Choose all that apply:

o Document Management o Design o Modeling o Layout o We are not investing. o Other ______________

4. Why are you or your company investigating construction technology? Choose all

that apply:

o To increase efficiencies o To stay current o To stay competitive o Required by clients o Required by consultants o To attract new workers o We are not investing. o Other _____________________

5. What technology trends do you think will be utilized by project managers?

a. Document Management b. Design c. Modeling d. Layout e. Virtual Reality (Oculus) f. Augmented Reality (HoloLens) g. None h. Other ______________ i. Drone

59

6. What technology trends do you think will be utilized by superintendents?


7. What technology trends do you think will be utilized by foremen or women?


8. What technology trends do you think will increase efficiencies?

o Document Management o Design o Modeling o Layout o Virtual Reality (Oculus) o Augmented Reality (HoloLens) o None o Other ______________ o Drone

9. What technology trends do you think will attract young workers to the

construction profession?

o Document Management o Design o Modeling o Layout

60

o Virtual Reality (Oculus) o Augmented Reality (HoloLens) o None o Other ______________ o Drone

Technology Training/Education

1. What is your current level of education or training completed?

a. High School b. High School + On the Job c. Apprenticeship d. Technical Diploma e. Associate Degree f. Bachelor’s Degree g. Master’s Degree h. PhD i. Other __________________

2. Is your education or training is specific to Architecture, Engineering, or

Construction?

a. Yes b. No

3. What is the highest level of training or education did you have when you began

your professional career?

a. High School b. High School + On the Job c. Apprenticeship d. Technical Diploma e. Associate Degree f. Bachelor’s Degree g. Master’s Degree h. PhD i. Other __________________

61

4. How many years of experience do you have as a construction professional?

a. Less than 1 year b. 1 – 2 years c. 2 - 5 years d. 5 – 10 years e. 10 – 15 years f. 15 – 20 years g. More than 20 years

5. Did your education adequately prepare for your technology in your career?

a. Yes b. No

6. Where would you suggest to obtain new or continued construction technology

education or training?

a. Private Training Center or Academy b. Conference c. Trade Organization: i.e. AIA or AGC d. Technical College e. University

7. Did you need further training on construction technology when you first began

your career?

a. Yes b. No

8. Have you needed continuing education in construction technology during your

career?

a. Yes b. No

62

9. Where did you participate in continuing education/training?

a. Private Training Center or Academy b. Conference c. Trade Organization: i.e. AIA or AGC d. Technical College e. University

10. Technology in construction attracted me to the college or training institute that I

attended.

a. Yes b. No

11. Technology in construction attracted me to the construction industry.

a. Yes b. No

63

Appendix B: FVTC CMT Alumni Survey

The purpose of this study is to identify the current and trending technology utilized by

Fox Valley Technical College Construction Management Alumni. The technical data collected

from the alumni will be analyzed and will allow for a clearer understanding of their experiences

and relation to the industry and educational needs. Only participate in this survey if you are an

alumni of the FVTC Construction Management Technology program.

Current Technology:

1. What size (capitol) company do you work for?

g. Less than $5Million h. $5 Million – $50 Million i. $50 Million - $500 Million j. $500 Million - $1 Billion k. More than $1 Billion l. Self Employed

2. What current design software do you utilize? Select all that apply:

o I don’t use design software o Revit o Blue Beam o Navisworks o AutoCAD o Other ________________________

3. What document management software do you utilize? Select all that apply:

o I don’t use document management software o Procore o Prolog o CMiC o BIM 360 o PlanGrid o Other ____________________

64

4. What modeling software do you utilize? Select all that apply:

o I don’t use modeling software o Revit o Navisworks o BIM360 o Other ________________________

5. What technology utilized by project managers? Select all that apply:

o Laptop o Apple iPad o Android Tablet o Apple iPhone o Android Smart Phone o Virtual Reality (Oculus) o Augmented Reality (HoloLens) o Other _______________ o Drone

6. What technology is utilized by field superintendents? Select all that apply:

o Laptop o Apple iPad o Android Tablet o Apple iPhone o Android Smart Phone o Data Vault o Total Station o Robotic Total Station o Virtual Reality (Oculus) o Augmented Reality (HoloLens) o None o Other _______________ o Drone

7. What technology is utilized by installers including foremen? Select all that apply:

o Laptop o Apple iPad o Android Tablet o Apple iPhone o Android Smart Phone o Data Vault

65

o Total Station o Robotic Total Station o Virtual Reality (Oculus) o Augmented Reality (HoloLens) o None o Other _______________ o Drone

8. Your technology reduces waste and rework.


9. Your technology saves time in the office.


10. Your technology saves delivery time in the field.


11. Your technology increases work quality.


12. Your technology reduces the amount of skilled labor on a project.

a. Strongly Disagree b. Disagree c. Neutral/No Option

66

d. Agree e. Strongly Agree

13. Your technology reduces the need for craft specific skill. i.e. less trained

carpenter can perform as well with the technology as a skilled carpenter without.


14. Your technology attracts young workers to the construction profession.


15. What technology/tools/techniques do you think is obsolete? a. Paper Plans b. PDF Plans c. Landline Phone d. Transit/Theodolite e. Job Binders f. Paper Files g. Paper Reports h. Fax Machine

Trending Technology

1. In your opinion, design software will see a significant change in _______ years?

a. Less than 1 year b. 1 – 2 years c. 2 - 5 years d. 5 – 10 years e. More than 10 years

67

2. You or your company is investigating construction technology.

a. Yes b. No

3. What type of trending technology are you or your company investigating? Choose

all that apply:

o Document Management o Design o Modeling o Layout o Virtual Reality o Augmented Reality o We are not investing. o Other ______________

4. Why are you or your company investigating new construction technology?



10. Why are you or your company investigating construction technology? Choose all

that apply:


68

5. What technology trends do you think will be utilized by project managers?


o Document Management o Design o Modeling o Layout o Virtual Reality (Oculus) o Augmented Reality (HoloLens) o None o Other ______________

6. What technology trends do you think will be utilized by superintendents? Choose

all that apply:


7. What technology trends do you think will increase efficiencies? Choose all that

apply:


8. What technology trends do you think will attract young workers to the

construction profession? Choose all that apply:

o Document Management

69

o Design o Modeling o Layout o Virtual Reality (Oculus) o Augmented Reality (HoloLens) o None o Other ______________

Technology Training/Education

1. What is your current level of education or training?

o High School o High School + On the Job o Apprenticeship o Technical Diploma o Associate Degree o Bachelor’s Degree o Master’s Degree o PhD o Other __________________

2. Was your FVTC CMT degree sufficient to begin your construction professional

career?

a. Yes b. No

3. Did your FVTC CMT education prepare you for current technology in the

construction industry?

a. Yes b. No

70

4. Did your FVTC CMT education prepare you for current technology in the

construction industry?

a. Yes b. No

5. How many years of experience do you have as a construction professional?

a. Less than 1 year b. 1 – 2 years c. 2 - 5 years d. 5 – 10 years e. 10 – 15 years f. 15 – 20 years g. More than 20 years

6. How many of your years of experience are post FVTC graduation?

a. Less than 1 year b. 1 – 2 years c. 2 - 5 years d. 5 – 10 years

7. Where would you suggest to obtain new or continued construction technology

education or training? Choose all that apply:

o Private Training Center or Academy o Conference o Trade Organization: i.e. AIA or AGC o Technical College o University o I don’t feel continuing education is necessary

8. Did you need further training on construction technology when you first began

your career?

a. Yes b. No

71

9. Have voluntarily received continuing education in construction technology during

your career?

a. Yes b. No

10. Where did you participate in continuing education/training? Choose all that apply:

o Private Training Center or Academy o Conference o Trade Organization: i.e. AIA or AGC o Technical College o University o I did not participate in continuing education

11. Do you feel FVTC CMT is current with its technology?

a. Yes b. No

12. Does FVTC CMT needs to focus more on technology?

a. Yes b. No

13. What technology should FVTC CMT focus on? Choose all that apply:

o Document Management o Design o Modeling o Layout o Virtual Reality (Oculus) o Augmented Reality (HoloLens) o FVTC does not need to focus on technology o Other ______________ o Drone

72

14. Technology in construction attracted me to FVTC.

a. Yes b. No

15. Technology in construction attracted me to the construction industry.

a. Yes b. No

73

Appendix C: Survey Results

Default Report Technology in Construction for Current Construction Professionals December 19th 2020, 8:44 am MST Q1 - What size (capitol) company do you work for?

# Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count

1 What size (capitol) company do you work for? 1.00 6.00 2.92 1.30 1.70 37

# Answer % Count

1 Less than $5 Million 13.51% 5

2 $5 Million - $50 Million 29.73% 11

3 $50 Million - $500 Million 24.32% 9

4 $500 Million - $ 1 Billion 18.92% 7

74

5 More than $1 Billion 10.81% 4

6 Self Employed 2.70% 1

Total 100% 37

75

Q2 - What current design software do you utilize? Select all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 I don't use design software 6.82% 6

2 Revit 23.86% 21

3 Bluebeam 27.27% 24

4 Navisworks 12.50% 11

5 AutoCAD 23.86% 21

6 Other 5.68% 5

Total 100% 88 Q2_6_TEXT - Other Other - Text

GTP Stratus, Revit MEP Fabrication parr’s, eVOLVE MEP, Autodesk Recap for building scans, Visio

Our architects and contractors use Revit

76

HydroCAD

Tekla EPM

Many others

77

Q3 - What document management software do you utilize? Select all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 I don't use document management software 8.33% 5

2 Procore 30.00% 18

3 Prolog 5.00% 3

4 CMiC 16.67% 10

5 BIM360 13.33% 8

6 PlanGrid 11.67% 7

7 Other 15.00% 9

Total 100% 60

78

Q3_7_TEXT - Other Other - Text

Timberline or Sage

Box

eDraws

Job Boss

Many others

Jonas

Viewpoint

In house

79

I <Ion, use ocument management

software

Procore

Prolog

CMiC

BIM360

PlanGrid

OtllEf

0 I 2

I 4

I 6

I 8

I 10

I 12

I 14

I 16

I 18

80

Q4 - What modeling software do you utilize? Select all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 I don't use modeling software 17.31% 9

2 Revit 36.54% 19


4 BIM360 19.23% 10

5 Other 5.77% 3


All listed above for design as well

Civil 3D

Tekla EPM

81

Q5 - What technology is utilized by project managers at your workplace? Select all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 Laptop 27.42% 34

2 Apple iPad 20.97% 26

3 Android Tablet 5.65% 7

4 Apple iPhone 23.39% 29

5 Android Smart Phone 9.68% 12

82

6 Virtual Reality (Oculus) 4.03% 5

7 Augmented Reality (HoloLens) 1.61% 2

8 Other 0.81% 1

9 Drone 6.45% 8


Matterport

83

Q6 - What technology is utilized by field superintendents on your projects? Select all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 Laptop 24.39% 30



84



6 Data Vault 0.00% 0

7 Total Station 7.32% 9

8 Robotic Total Station 3.25% 4



11 None 0.81% 1

12 Other 2.44% 3

13 Drone 4.07% 5

Total 100% 123 Q6_12_TEXT - Other

Other - Text

Matterport

Not Known as it is a different division

We do not have this position at the company

85

Q7 - What technology is utilized by installers including foremen or women on your projects? Select all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 Laptop 20.00% 22



86








11 None 2.73% 3

12 Other 2.73% 3

13 Drone 2.73% 3


Other - Text

Matterport

Matterport scanner camera for virtual walk-throughs


87

Q8 - Please rate your opinion on technology implementation and benefits in construction.


1 Your technology reduces waste and rework. 1.00 5.00 4.38 1.05 1.10 37

2 Your technology saves time in the office. 1.00 5.00 4.27 1.00 1.01 37

3 Your technology saves delivery/install time in the field. 2.00 5.00 4.16 0.94 0.89 37

88

4 Your technology increases work/install quality. 2.00 5.00 4.30 0.77 0.59 37

5 Your technology reduces the

amount of skilled labor on the project.

1.00 5.00 2.78 1.21 1.47 37

6

Your technology reduces the need for craft specific skill. i.e. less

trained carpenter can perform as well with the technology as a

skilled carpenter without.

1.00 5.00 2.44 1.21 1.47 36

7 Your technology attracts young

workers to the construction profession.

1.00 5.00 3.61 1.06 1.13 36

# Question Strongl

y disagre

e Somewha

t disagree

Neither agree

nor disagre

e

Somewhat agree Strongl

y agree Total

1 Your

technology reduces waste

and rework. 5.41% 2 2.70% 1 2.70% 1 27.03% 1

0 62.16% 23 37

2 Your

technology saves time in

the office. 2.70% 1 5.41% 2 8.11% 3 29.73% 1

1 54.05% 20 37

3

Your technology

saves delivery/install time in the

field.

0.00% 0 8.11% 3 13.51% 5 32.43% 12 45.95% 1

7 37

4

Your technology

increases work/install

quality.

0.00% 0 2.70% 1 10.81% 4 40.54% 15 45.95% 1

7 37

5

Your technology reduces the amount of

skilled labor on the

project.

16.22% 6 27.03% 10 29.73% 1

1 16.22% 6 10.81% 4 37

6 Your

technology reduces the

27.78% 10 27.78% 1

0 22.22% 8 16.67% 6 5.56% 2 36

89

need for craft specific skill.

i.e. less trained

carpenter can perform as

well with the technology as

a skilled carpenter without.

7

Your technology

attracts young workers to

the construction

profession.

5.56% 2 8.33% 3 25.00% 9 41.67% 15 19.44% 7 36

90

Q9 - What technology/tools/techniques do you think are obsolete? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 Paper Plans 4.39% 5

2 PDF Plans 2.63% 3

3 Landline Phone 22.81% 26

4 Transit/Theodolite 3.51% 4

5 Job Binders 14.04% 16

6 Paper Files 12.28% 14

7 Paper Reports 12.28% 14

8 Fax Machine 28.07% 32

91

Total 100% 114

92

Q10 - In your opinion, design software will see a significant change in _______ years?


1 In your opinion, design software

will see a significant change in _______ years?

1.00 4.00 2.72 0.77 0.59 36

# Answer % Count

1 Less than a year 5.56% 2

2 1 - 2 Years 30.56% 11

3 2-5 Years 50.00% 18

4 5-10 Years 13.89% 5

5 More than 10 Years 0.00% 0

Total 100% 36

93

Q11 - You or your company are investigating tending construction technology


1 You or your company are

investigating tending construction technology

1.00 2.00 1.19 0.40 0.16 36

# Answer % Count

1 Yes 80.56% 29

2 No 19.44% 7

Total 100% 36

94

Q12 - What type of technology are you or your company investigating to purchase? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 Document Management 27.94% 19

2 Design 17.65% 12

3 Modeling (BIM) 20.59% 14

4 Layout 20.59% 14

5 We are not investing 5.88% 4

6 Other 7.35% 5


Other - Text

Drones for building scans, and field verification and pictures, GTP Stratus Fab and tracking - purchased and being tested for implementation

95

VDC Management

Drones

Scan to BIM

96

Q13 - Why are you or your company investigating construction technology? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 To increase efficiencies 27.88% 29

2 To stay current 23.08% 24

3 To stay competitive 22.12% 23

4 Required by clients 7.69% 8

5 Required by consultants (Arch, Eng, etc) 3.85% 4

6 To attract new workers 11.54% 12

97


8 Other 1.92% 2


Other - Text

Travel Restrictions

We require the Matterport scanner by all of our contractors

98

Q18 - What technology trends do you think will be utilized by project managers? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count


2 Design 10.48% 11


4 Layout 12.38% 13


99


7 None 0.00% 0

8 Other 1.90% 2

9 Drone 14.29% 15


Other - Text

Matterport/360 photography

GTP Stratus

100

Q17 - What technology trends do you think will be utilized by superintendents? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count


2 Design 5.83% 6


4 Layout 23.30% 24


101


7 None 0.00% 0

8 Other 1.94% 2

9 Drone 13.59% 14


Other - Text

GTP Stratus

Task Scheduling

102

Q20 - What technology trends do you think will be utilized by foremen or women? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count


2 Design 7.59% 6


4 Layout 25.32% 20


103


7 None 0.00% 0

8 Other 2.53% 2

9 Drone 10.13% 8


Other - Text

GTP Stratus


104

Q21 - What technology trends do you think will increase efficiencies? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count


2 Design 15.27% 20


4 Layout 16.79% 22


105


7 None 0.76% 1

8 Other 0.76% 1

9 Drone 10.69% 14


Other - Text

GTP Stratus, Evolve MEP Parts for fabrication

106

Q23 - What is your current level of education or training completed?


1 What is your current level of

education or training completed? - Selected Choice

3.00 7.00 5.58 1.16 1.35 36

# Answer % Count

1 High School 0.00% 0

2 High School + On the Job 0.00% 0

107

3 Apprenticeship 8.33% 3

4 Technical Diploma 8.33% 3

5 Associate Degree 22.22% 8

6 Bachelor's Degree 38.89% 14

7 Master's Degree 22.22% 8

8 PhD 0.00% 0

9 Other 0.00% 0


108

Q24 - Is your education or training is specific to Architecture, Engineering, or Construction?


1 Is your education or training is

specific to Architecture, Engineering, or Construction?

1.00 2.00 1.22 0.42 0.17 36

# Answer % Count

1 Yes 77.78% 28

2 No 22.22% 8

Total 100% 36

109

Q25 - What is the highest level of training or education did you have when you began your professional career?


1 What is the highest level of training

or education did you have when you began your professional

career? - Selected Choice 1.00 9.00 4.39 2.15 4.63 36

# Answer % Count


110







8 PhD 0.00% 0

9 Other 2.78% 1


Other - Text

Technical/Military

111

Q26 - How many years of experience do you have as a construction professional?


1 How many years of experience do

you have as a construction professional?

1.00 7.00 5.64 1.58 2.51 36

# Answer % Count

1 Less than 1 Year 2.78% 1

2 1-2 Years 0.00% 0

3 2-5 Years 8.33% 3

4 5-10 Years 13.89% 5

5 10-15 Years 16.67% 6

112

6 15-20 Years 11.11% 4


Total 100% 36

113

Q27 - Did your education adequately prepare for your technology in your career?


1 Did your education adequately prepare for your technology in

your career? 1.00 2.00 1.28 0.45 0.20 36

# Answer % Count

1 Yes 72.22% 26

2 No 27.78% 10

Total 100% 36

114

Q28 - Where would you suggest to obtain new or continued construction technology education or training? Choose one


1 Where would you suggest to obtain

new or continued construction technology education or training?

Choose one 1.00 5.00 3.67 0.91 0.83 36

# Answer % Count

1 Private Training Center or Academy 2.78% 1

2 Conference 11.11% 4

3 Trade Organization i.e. AIA or AGC 13.89% 5

4 Technical College 61.11% 22

5 University 11.11% 4

115

6 Military 0.00% 0

Total 100% 36

116

Q29 - Did you need further training on construction technology when you first began your career?


1 Did you need further training on

construction technology when you first began your career?

1.00 2.00 1.31 0.46 0.21 36

# Answer % Count

1 Yes 69.44% 25

2 No 30.56% 11

Total 100% 36

117

Q30 - Have you needed continuing education in construction technology during your career?


1 Have you needed continuing

education in construction technology during your career?

1.00 2.00 1.11 0.31 0.10 36

# Answer % Count

1 Yes 88.89% 32

2 No 11.11% 4

Total 100% 36

118

Q32 - Technology in construction attracted me to the college or training institute that I attended.


1 Technology in construction

attracted me to the college or training institute that I attended.

1.00 2.00 1.61 0.49 0.24 36

# Answer % Count

1 Yes 38.89% 14

2 No 61.11% 22

Total 100% 36

119

Q33 - Technology in construction attracted me to the construction industry.



attracted me to the construction industry.

1.00 2.00 1.78 0.42 0.17 36

# Answer % Count

1 Yes 22.22% 8

2 No 77.78% 28

Total 100% 36

120

Default Report Construction Technology FVTC Alumni December 19th 2020, 8:46 am MST Q1 - What size (capitol) company do you work for?


1 What size (capitol) company do you work for? 1.00 6.00 3.03 1.44 2.08 39

# Answer % Count

1 Less than $5 Million 12.82% 10

2 $5 Million - $50 Million 33.33% 13

3 $50 Million - $500 Million 20.51% 8

4 $500 Million - $ 1 Billion 7.69% 3

5 More than $1 Billion 23.08% 9

121

6 Self Employed 2.56% 1

Total 100% 39

122

Q2 - What current design software do you utilize? Select all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 I don't use design software 6.58% 5

2 Revit 15.79% 12

3 Bluebeam 40.79% 31


5 AutoCAD 17.11% 13

6 Other 6.58% 5


Autodesk TruView

Proprietary Company Software

123

QuoteSoft

BIM/ BIM360, P6

Trimble Bussiness Center Earth Works

124

Q3 - What document management software do you utilize? Select all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 I don't use document management software 16.67% 11

2 Procore 21.21% 14

3 Prolog 1.52% 1

4 CMiC 10.61% 7

5 BIM360 9.09% 6

6 PlanGrid 13.64% 9

7 Other 27.27% 18

Total 100% 66

125

Q3_7_TEXT - Other Other - Text

Genius Scan

Viewpoint

RedTeam

Builder trend

In house KW Command

SmartApp

Sage timberline

Jonas

Use a little of everything depending on the contractor.

Self created software

RedTeam

Viewpoint

Newforma

Bluebeam

B2W and Heavy Bid

Quick books

126

Q4 - What modeling software do you utilize? Select all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 I don't use modeling software 48.00% 24

2 Revit 20.00% 10


4 BIM360 12.00% 6

5 Other 4.00% 2


360 Docs and Glue

Trimble Bussiness Center

127

Q5 - What technology is utilized by project managers at your workplace? Select all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 Laptop 22.96% 31





128



8 Other 5.93% 8

9 Drone 9.63% 13


Microsoft Surface

Microsoft Surface

Microsoft Surface Pro

Microsoft Surface

Microsoft surface Pri

Surface pro

Microsoft Surface

GPS Rover

129

Q6 - What technology is utilized by field superintendents on your projects? Select all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 Laptop 16.44% 24



130








11 None 0.00% 0

12 Other 2.74% 4

13 Drone 5.48% 8


Other - Text

Microsoft surface pro

Microsoft Surface Pro

Surface pro

GPS Earth works Rover

131

Q7 - What technology is utilized by installers including foremen on your projects? Select all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 Laptop 9.73% 11



132








11 None 7.96% 9

12 Other 2.65% 3

13 Drone 0.88% 1


Other - Text

No foreman

Laser level

GPS Rover and Laser

133

Q8 - Please rate your opinion on technology implementation and benefits in construction.


1 Your technology reduces waste and rework. 1.00 5.00 4.33 0.99 0.98 42

2 Your technology saves time in the office. 1.00 5.00 4.52 0.91 0.82 42

3 Your technology saves delivery/install time in the field. 1.00 5.00 4.22 0.98 0.95 41

134

4 Your technology increases work/install quality. 1.00 5.00 4.22 0.92 0.85 41

5 Your technology reduces the

amount of skilled labor on the project.

1.00 5.00 2.85 1.14 1.30 41

6

Your technology reduces the need for craft specific skill. i.e. less

trained carpenter can perform as well with the technology as a

skilled carpenter without.

1.00 5.00 2.27 1.10 1.22 41

7 Your technology attracts young

workers to the construction profession.

1.00 5.00 3.51 0.97 0.93 41

# Question Strongl

y disagre

e Somewha

t disagree

Neither agree

nor disagre

e

Somewhat agree Strongl

y agree Total

1 Your

technology reduces waste

and rework. 4.76% 2 2.38% 1 2.38% 1 35.71% 1

5 54.76% 23 42

2 Your

technology saves time in

the office. 4.76% 2 0.00% 0 0.00% 0 28.57% 1

2 66.67% 28 42

3

Your technology

saves delivery/install time in the

field.

2.44% 1 4.88% 2 9.76% 4 34.15% 14 48.78% 2

0 41

4

Your technology

increases work/install

quality.

2.44% 1 0.00% 0 19.51% 8 29.27% 12 48.78% 2

0 41

5

Your technology reduces the amount of

skilled labor on the

project.

12.20% 5 26.83% 11 34.15% 1

4 17.07% 7 9.76% 4 41

6 Your

technology reduces the

29.27% 12 34.15% 1

4 19.51% 8 14.63% 6 2.44% 1 41

135

need for craft specific skill.

i.e. less trained

carpenter can perform as

well with the technology as

a skilled carpenter without.

7

Your technology

attracts young workers to

the construction

profession.

2.44% 1 12.20% 5 31.71% 13 39.02% 1

6 14.63% 6 41

136

Q9 - What technology/tools/techniques do you think are obsolete? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 Paper Plans 3.60% 4

2 PDF Plans 1.80% 2

3 Landline Phone 27.03% 30

4 Transit/Theodolite 6.31% 7

5 Job Binders 9.91% 11

6 Paper Files 10.81% 12

7 Paper Reports 11.71% 13

8 Fax Machine 28.83% 32

137

Total 100% 111

138

Q10 - In your opinion, design software will see a significant change in _______ years?


1 In your opinion, design software

will see a significant change in _______ years?

1.00 5.00 3.03 0.78 0.60 38

# Answer % Count

1 Less than a year 2.63% 1

2 1 - 2 Years 18.42% 7

3 2-5 Years 55.26% 21

4 5-10 Years 21.05% 8


Total 100% 38

139

Q11 - You or your company are investigating tending construction technology


1 You or your company are

investigating tending construction technology

1.00 2.00 1.21 0.40 0.16 39

# Answer % Count

1 Yes 79.49% 31

2 No 20.51% 8

Total 100% 39

140

Q12 - What type of technology are you or your company investigating to purchase? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count


2 Design 9.72% 7


4 Layout 19.44% 14


6 Other 6.94% 5


Other - Text

I am pushing company to using PM software so everyone in the company is using the same stuff. Company is reluctant because of cost.

141

Production and completion software that talks to our cost management software so we have real time production data, and also be able to use that for trade partners performance Not sure above my pay grade

Trimble Earth Works Machines

142

Q13 - Why are you or your company investigating construction technology? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count

1 To increase efficiencies 28.70% 31

2 To stay current 21.30% 23

3 To stay competitive 22.22% 24

4 Required by clients 7.41% 8

5 Required by consultants (Arch, Eng, etc) 8.33% 9

6 To attract new workers 6.48% 7

143


8 Other 0.00% 0


144

Q14 - What technology trends do you think will be utilized by project managers? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count


2 Design 13.01% 16


4 Layout 15.45% 19


145


7 None 0.81% 1

8 Other 0.00% 0

9 Drone 12.20% 15


146

Q18 - What technology trends do you think will be utilized by superintendents? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count


2 Design 9.17% 11


4 Layout 24.17% 29


147


7 None 0.00% 0

8 Other 0.00% 0

9 Drone 11.67% 14


148

Q17 - What technology trends do you think will be utilized by job foremen or women? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count


2 Design 9.26% 10


4 Layout 26.85% 29


149


7 None 1.85% 2

8 Other 0.00% 0

9 Drone 7.41% 8


150

Q21 - What technology trends do you think will increase efficiencies? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count


2 Design 16.56% 27


4 Layout 17.79% 29


151


7 None 0.00% 0

8 Other 0.00% 0

9 Drone 10.43% 17


152

Q23 - What is your current level of education or training completed?


1 What is your current level of

education or training completed? - Selected Choice

3.00 9.00 5.15 0.89 0.80 39

# Answer % Count



153






8 PhD 0.00% 0

9 Other 2.56% 1


Other - Text

Perusing my Bachelor’s

154

Q24 - Was your FVTC CMT degree sufficient to begin your construction professional career?


1 Was your FVTC CMT degree

sufficient to begin your construction professional career?

1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 39

# Answer % Count

1 Yes 100.00% 39

2 No 0.00% 0

Total 100% 39

155

Q25 - At your first job after graduation, did your FVTC CMT education prepare you for current technology in the construction industry?


1 At your first job after graduation,

did your FVTC CMT education prepare you for current technology

in the construction industry? 1.00 2.00 1.03 0.16 0.03 38

# Answer % Count

1 Yes 97.37% 37

2 No 2.63% 1

Total 100% 38

156

Q26 - How many years of experience do you have as a construction professional?


1 How many years of experience do

you have as a construction professional?

1.00 7.00 3.23 1.21 1.46 39

# Answer % Count


2 1-2 Years 25.64% 10

3 2-5 Years 25.64% 10

4 5-10 Years 33.33% 13

5 10-15 Years 7.69% 3

157

6 15-20 Years 0.00% 0


Total 100% 39

158

Q27 - How many of your years of experience are post FVTC graduation?


1 How many of your years of

experience are post FVTC graduation?

3.00 6.00 4.53 1.09 1.20 38

# Answer % Count


4 1-2 Years 23.68% 9

5 2-5 Years 28.95% 11

6 5-10 Years 23.68% 9

Total 100% 38

159

Q28 - Where would you suggest to obtain new or continued construction technology education or training? Choose one


1 Where would you suggest to obtain

new or continued construction technology education or training?

Choose one 1.00 6.00 3.64 1.05 1.10 39

# Answer % Count





160


6 I don't feel continuing education is necessary 2.56% 1

Total 100% 39

161

Q29 - Did you need further training on construction technology when you first began your career?


1 Did you need further training on

construction technology when you first began your career?

1.00 2.00 1.61 0.49 0.24 38

# Answer % Count

1 Yes 39.47% 15

2 No 60.53% 23

Total 100% 38

162

Q30 - Have you voluntarily received continuing education in construction technology during your career?


1 Have you voluntarily received

continuing education in construction technology during

your career? 1.00 2.00 1.34 0.47 0.23 38

# Answer % Count

1 Yes 65.79% 25

2 No 34.21% 13

Total 100% 38

163

Q31 - Where did you participate in continuing education/training? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count






6 I did not participate in continuing education 29.17% 14

Total 100% 48

164

Q32 - Do you feel FVTC CMT is current with its technology?


1 Do you feel FVTC CMT is current with its technology? 1.00 2.00 1.03 0.16 0.02 39

# Answer % Count

1 Yes 97.44% 38

2 No 2.56% 1

Total 100% 39

165

Q33 - Does FVTC CMT need to focus more on technology?


1 Does FVTC CMT need to focus more on technology? 1.00 2.00 1.64 0.48 0.23 39

# Answer % Count

1 Yes 35.90% 14

2 No 64.10% 25

Total 100% 39

166

Q34 - What technology should FVTC CMT focus on? Choose all that apply:

# Answer % Count


2 Design 15.04% 17

3 Modeling 12.39% 14

4 Layout 20.35% 23


167


7 FVTC does not need to focus on technology 2.65% 3

8 Other 2.65% 3

10 Drone 5.31% 6


Other - Text

Scheduling/ Billing software

Budget Tracking Software

using the top cons and making the models for the data collectors

168

Q35 - Technology in construction attracted me to FVTC.


1 Technology in construction attracted me to FVTC. 4.00 5.00 4.64 0.48 0.23 39

# Answer % Count

4 Yes 35.90% 14

5 No 64.10% 25

Total 100% 39

169

Q36 - Technology in construction attracted me to the construction industry.



attracted me to the construction industry.

23.00 24.00 23.77 0.42 0.18 39

# Answer % Count

23 Yes 23.08% 9

24 No 76.92% 30

Total 100% 39

Cass, Richard W. Title: Educating Future Construction ...

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