Josias Madzunya, wild man of tbe Africanist arouu, came to theTrannaal Congress conference guarded by a group of armed, blan­keted "Russians." But none of his conference-smas hing tacticsworked, neither the arms, nor the threats nor Madznnya's repeatedcalla for ''poiDt of order" or "point of privilexe, Mr. Chail'1bDl"

(Sec story on paae 4.)

Official Sponsor of African Freedom TalksNext Month

Forshee!elegance andextra hard wearbuy Goldor15 denier."High Twist"nylonin 51 and60 gaugeand fine mesh.

J)S.l 12~S SA

ANC WILL BE ATNFERE

••And now, gentl emen, th t concludes bed -making! Next lecture we' ll study picks and shovels,sweeping and house cleaning!"

Discussion of Congress CampaignsJOHAN NESBURG. " It would be idle to think that

'T~E Fed.erate~ Chamber of ~~~ i:":~':~~~rs~a~i;~isw;r~ies:~~industries IS concerned reveal. as did the indultrl3l workers

" with industrial development in of Western Europe, desires for

this country and. v.iews with ~~~the~~~~~~~,,: lij~:nce~:~hi:~:'concern the periodical orga- coupled with aspirations for politi­nised demonst ra tions on th e cal and social emancioation to bepart of Non-Europeans, which attained pr~ferably by pea~efu lpoint to an increasing degree of "!C3ns but If need be by s.trlkes,unrest and tension th roughout :;::~:~,~ or other revolutionary

the Union," says a confi dential The same remarks apply also tomemorandum prepared for the the Indian and Coloured workers,

Fed eration by the. Transvaal ~'~h~se t~~on:~~o;~dd~~itic~tc:s~si~Chamber of Industries. rations are not 'race' aspirations

IThe memor~ndum was ~~bmi tled (Continued on page 6)

to the Federation on condition that:4\ its circulation was limited to the Ilr;::::~~~~~~~~~ I

'~~ constituent organisations of the ANC Stands By\ / Chamber of Industries and was not

11 ~~~ttde~~ert~~~it~et or any Govern- Alliance With

~Nevertheless, a copy of this me-

~morandum has come into the hands COD _of New Age, and we publish a sum-mary of its findings because we be-lieve it is in the public interest to Feature Article

NYLONS do so. SOCIAL CHANGES b 01- T bAnalysing the social changes Y Iver am 0

FULLY FASHIONED A~~:a ~:v: r~~i~ dti~u~~Q~Od~ _ page 5Trod« EMwlrletl~~. ' .0. 8u3Zf3 ve;°Mrie:n~~em~~=O~~~ '~~~.::sa:a:=~a:::;;:~2I!l~ I

SOUTIlERN EDITIO N

Bosses' Secret Plan To EndStrikes, Boycotts

Detailed

JOHANNESBURG. sponsors of the All-African the Accra conference will discuss

'I'"E African National Con- ~eox~~:a,CG~:'~~c:opit':;,~~~ ~~ica~n~trugf~~s asgJ}~:~v~~~~:~~==================~ gress is one of the official December, and it will be repre- ~~~asliSf~r ~~~ r~~~:~~;i~~o~ i~~::

sented there by at least one pendent African states and the pos-

delegate. f~~~i~fri~a~o~'::tit~~. a Federation ofMr. Ezekhi~1 ("Z~ke"). Mphah- ACfIVE INTEREST

lele, formerly 1?rum. fi~tlo.n e~ltor From its earliest years the Afri-'t'oh~p:k ~~e~'The N~1~~:n!: ~~~~~ can Nationa~ Congress has taken angle for Freedom in South Africa." (Contmued on page 2)

Former treason trialist AlfredHutchinson, who has left South US S~~~~a, may also be at the confer- •• tate

The ANC has been invited tosend five official delegates. All D t B kcountries taking part have been epaC 5asked to include at least one

woman i;r::~~r:.:.~~~t~~s. The NatsIn all 36 African political parties

~h~ A~~~~n~:}~~:nc~r~nJP~n;~~~~ From a Special Correspondent.ratory committee is already at work NEW YORK.

inf~~~r ~~~Pd~le~a~~~ ~~om politi- ~o~~J:ti~:par=;nt, t~~e F:e~cal, na~lOnahst, trade umon, youth, African-American Institute in Wash­wome!ls,. co-o~ratlve and other ington have decided to back tbeorgamsations WIll attend the con- Nationalists. The man behind thisferenc~. . recent decision is Edwin Munger,in UA~l~r ~~e th~nf;~~~~thli~ ~n~ani~ an American. geo~pher, who ~ascomposed not of government dele- spe~t so~e time In South Africa,

~~~i~lcalb~ov~~e~~~I~ed~~ivt~ wi~ ::'lI;n~ros~n c:~~~~tn~~~hg;:RA. hetheir people's aspirations of self- Mr. Munger sent back to ~llgovernment and independence. States regular confidenttal reports In

Africa's political movements at (Continued on page 8)

NEW AGE, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1958-- _.- ..__... -- ....._ - -~ ._ ._- -----_._- -------

*

*

*ALEXGUMA

Similar actions are performedby ostriches who shove theirheads in tbe sand when they wantto hide.

'J.'He~c::ci~t ~~.i~.lla~~~ cT~:~~:vaal have shown determination tosolve the problems of our coun­try. As a delegate, I am told,said:

."We'!1 find out what's wrongwltb thIS country even if we havfito bold a JO...-t a orftnt;;"

E IGRT TO WORI-FOR EUROPEANS ONLY

black labour. If there is a better D°ni:u ~~:a::Dac~~n~fI d~1;example of apartheid driving any- found a use for tbese fruit notbody completely crazy, we havestili to get it.

What we need now is for thefarmers to free all their slavelabour and get into the do-it-

r:Ut~:I~j:~~st~~'d :~;:;ip~~~n By

*RIGHT in the middle of the LAshowing of the film Die

Godelo se Stad in a town up­countr y. members of the audience,white, realised that it was notallowed to be shown to other

::~~~~~ of the a u d i e n ee, needed by us. They say tbat the

So they upped and demanded ::?::a~~~:d t~f~~:r ~::e;b~~~the removal of the nie-blanke used for the feeding of cattle andcrowd. African labourers. Waste not,

want not.The pic. I heard. deals With thewrong-doings of white youth inJohannesburg and covers every­thing from dagga-srnoking toknifings,

Perhaps this time it wasn't thatve censors were scared that usdarkies would be evilly influencedby seeing such goings on, butmore that the seamier side ofwhite life should be bidden fromus.

H ~~~~nt S~7i~~~ke~~e g~j~~dmissiles, damp squibs and fallenstars on the night of November5 we Ilnally got around to askingwhether all this was really neces­sary.

Here we have be-n celebratingthe execution of a Guy for trea­son. He tried to blow un theBritish House of Parliament"sometime ago. So every year on theFifth of November we celebratehis execution by firing offcrackers and burning him ineffigy.

It all appears most morbid tous. Fancy celebrating a man'sexecution on its anniversary eachyear.

Thank you. no. I'm all formuch pleasanter celebrations likeNovember 7.

I bet there are thousands ofNats looking forward to annuallyburning 91 guys.

*~~e~h~~ois a~~fve~ , S~t r~~re~with a black eye. He said he'd gotit from a guided muscle.

*SO the Stellenbosch studentshave decided 10 do without

ANe will be 01 Ghana(Continued from page I)

active interest in pan-African con­ferences and co-operation.

As far back as 1925 the nationalconference of Congress discussed amotion introduced by Mr. V. Skota,a former secretary-general, whichcalled for a continent-wide anti­colonialist movement.

In 1945 the ANC sent delegates

~~IJhin r;&t~nct:~t~~.fr~k~u~~hg~~sJ T HE Minister of L abour, Senator J. de K lerk, rep eated lastJomo Kenyatta were prominent at week his determinati o n to apply job reservation beca use "h e

th iAtc~htserfif::' Pan-African confer- was fu lly co nvi nced the time had com e to deal boldly 'with theence, as at the earlier ones in which pro blem of in ter-racial competition in the ind ustr ial field' ."the prime mover was the veteran Th e econ om ic leader sh ip of the count ry must remain in theNegro historian Dr. W. E. B. du hands of th e Wh ite races, he sai d. " T his was in the inte rest s ofBois. Afr ica's political movements both th e Whi tes and Non-Whites."

M~ica,nl~t ~1~nefi~~I~herobrti~k ~f Senator de K ler k, like his late brother-in-la w Mr. Strijdom,overthrowing colonial rule and doesn't try to hide h is true intentions. The Nat Go vernmentachieving independence. sta nds fo r Whi te baasskap, he says, and to make sur e the White

Shortly after the Defiance Cam- man sta ys baas, th e Non-W hit e will be pre vented by law frompaign in 1952 the African National risin g ab ove the level of certa in forms of labour.

~~~i~~esso:h~; ~holi:~~iat~~v~~~~~~ So there are to be no mor e Non-White traffic cops (whetheron the continent and urging a new or not Cape Town is pr epared to have them ), and in everypa~-Arf;~~~alu~~f~':~~~e of terri- sphe re of la bo u r th~ doors of .ad van cemen t ar~ to be .slam~cd. intories south of the equator was the face of No n- Whites . Nex t industry on the list for mvestigationtimed for December 1953 in Lusa- by the Indust rial Tribunal is the building indus try. Af ricans areka, Northern Rhodesia. but nurn- alrea dy pr ohibited from do ing buildi ng wo rk in co mpet ition wit hbers of delegates were stoppe~ from Whit es; now Co loured and Indian bu ilders a re also thre atened

d~::;~~~ f~~thS~~the~~o~hl~des~~ with the loss of th eir I~ve.lihood. . .. .was declared a prohibited immi- Mr. de Klerk says It IS not his intention to apply Job rese rv a­grant in his twin-sister cO';1ntry in tion so as to ca use di sloc a tion in industry. Yet the Chambe r of

~~~ c~enf~ie:~:~I:nn~~d~~~t~~~te~~ lndu~try ~l as. declared jO? reservati on ca n ca use nothing but dis­countries from east central and location m industry, whi ch de pe nds on a fre e supply of laboursouthern Africa ended with only and the e limi na tion of a ll rest ric tions which interfere with thatNorthern Rhodesians being able to sup ply.

a t~~~. year before Professor Mat- In £:tct, in the ~emorandum by t~e Tr~nsva:d . Chamber ofthews. in Ghana on his way from Industries from whic h we quot e extensively ID th is ISsue of Newthe United States. diseussed the Age, a plea is made for th e dilution of skilled jobs in industry asid~a of a pI':1-African conference one of the most imp ort an t contributions to the economic develop-

~~:n i?:" ~tr;:~::; ~::y c~~~~: m~nt of the cou ntry, and afs:o ~ a means of endin g }'lon-Whitewhen Ghana became independent. stnkes and boycotts from which industry has suff er ed ID the pastThe question of the venue for the It is time the co unt ry rea lised jo b reser vation is perhaps the

E. conference was solved. arcatcstsinale threat to the well-beinc of all sec tions of th e Sou thTWO ~O~FERENCES Africa n pe~ple wh ich the Nat ion al i:t Gov ernment has yet pro-

Co~~:~t10~egm;~~~I~~ th~a~~:r t~f duce~. It is nons ense to preten?, as De Klerk do~s , t~at it is " inGhana announced two pan-African the interests of bot h the Whlte~ and Non-~hltes. Its onlyconferences. The first, on a govern- con seq ue nce can be the economic strangulatIon of the co untrymen! level and therefore limited to and the res tricti on of opportunities of employment for bo th Whitethe md~penden t. African states, took and N on-White worke rs.

~!~~~d,l:f ~~:ginglOpo~t~~antm'!:e: At. th e sam e tim e there should be eq~ally litt le . d oubt. that ifments throughout the continent, there IS to be ma ss un employme nt , suff enng and dlslecatlon , thefrom Tunisia and Morocco in the Government's intention is that the Non-Whites must bear thenorth: Uganda, Tanganyika. Kenya, brunt of it. The time has come for all Non.Wh ite workers to

~ho~~s~:~·N%~~~~~Tib~~~.SS~~~1. realise .t~at their. onl y sa lvation is organisation a?d th~ adoptio.nFrench Togoland, Gambia and of a militan t poli cy, The Government has proclaimed Itself theirSomalia, Ghana and South Africa, enemy. It is on ly ill bu ild ing th e strength of their trade unionWill take place In Accra, Ghana an d political org an isa tions th at the N on-White workers wiD findfrom December 5 to 12. anv security for the future.

Alexandr:, Tv!.

manded the arrest of all theleaders who were ready to ad­dress the meeting.

Four leaders were arrested onallegations of organising themeeting without permission of thelocal authority.

Mr. van Zyl gave the crowd 5minutes to disperse. Hundreds ofAfrican women in colourful rega­I.a were among those who hadcome to protest against permitraids, passes for women, increasedpoll tax, and the Peri-UrbanHealth Board. The people, al­though disgruntled, dispersed.There were no incidents.

Z. SONKOSI

Royal BloodIf wishes were horses beggars

would swiftly fly to shake handswith you, who in the 20th cen­tury roused the minds of therna ior-ty of people whose brainsand bodies have been over­shadowed bv a dreamless slum­ber.

New Age stimulates the spiritof inter-racial co-operation amongyoung and old, encourages free­dom and c111s for the unity ofAfricans. It is indeed a powerfulweapon wherever it is read andsupported. Socially and educa­tionally one will gain by readingit, because it is royal blood,spirit of the African life.

The worst form of parsimonyis to neglect to provide oneselfwith New Age. Long live NewAge!

M. HAROLD RAMAKATADaveyton. Benoni, Tvl.

Basutoland, lind from the town..to the reserves, to follow thi"example and see that New A~e

is sold in thousands whereveryou have settled.

And to all of you who areprepari ng now to go hula­hooping down to the sea-sidenlease don't forget that we haveoffices open in Durban, P.E.and Cape Town. So spare ussome of those hundreds ofnounds you will be takingdown there with vou.

LAST WEEK'S DONAn ONSCape Town: S.K. £5, Typist

5s., H.B. £5, Architect £1, N.M.£1, P.M..F £10 lOs., T.S. £10,8li z lOs., H.T. lOs., J.K. £1,F.S. £1, Tailor £I , R.K. £5,B.P. £1, S.R. £1, Mica £1,Robot £1, Bertie lOs., J'z . £319s., Sacred River £5, Snaps£2 lOs.. Chern £1 Is., Harry £1,Ally Sisters £1, Wyndoe £5,lUI. £5, Kern. £1. Anon lOs.,MW . lOs., t.c £2. M.G. £1,Ruspa £5, Eggs £1, Doc. £1,Alec 103., Bly £5, Nand J £3,Bernard and Ruth £5.

LAST WEEK'S DONATIONSJoh ann esbu rge lssy £2, Paul

and Adelaide £2 2s., Newclarefriend IDs. 6d.• Sock £5, B andM £10, L.L. £25, lssy W. £2,Becker Street £5, Two fr iends£20, Vic £5, Eddie £1, Collec­tions £5, 1. £15, Old faithfu l£25. Bicycle £1 lOs., Optician£1 Is.. Judith's (Paarl) £5, N.£2 2s., Harry £3, Issy £10.

Durban: P and M £2, Kay£1 ls ., K.N. £1, Amod. £1 3s.,ScG. £1, Mrs. N. B. £5, M.J.£2 5s., Tin workers £4, TextileUnion 3, High school students£3, LN. £3. Anon £4. Leatherworkers £2, Biscuit workers £2ISs., Anon £13. Inder £1, R.G.13s.. R. Singh 2 lOs.

Port Elizabeth: Hardy An­nual £15. Friend £1.

Total: £309 18s.

NAT. GOVT. MAKES ITSO\'1N BOOMER NGS

T HIS week we wish to com-pliment two areas which

do not normally receive bou­quets from us. They arc Durbanand Basutoland.

Our Durban readers havecontributed over £50 to ourcoffers in the last week. A con­siderable portion of thisamount came from factoryworkers. Thi s is even moreheartening since it indicatesthat the man at the lathe isdetermined to see that thenewspaper which serves as hismouthpiece continues to do soin spite of all the pressure thatthe Government brings to bear.As long as the workers through­out South Africa refuse to beintimidated and fight back theywill always have a ready ally inNew Age, no matter how hardthe going. So to all those fac­tory worker s and others inDurban, a verv big thank you.

Remarkable how the sales ofNew Age have done a sputnikin Basutoland in the last fewmonths. No ballyhoo. No wildpromises. First some solid hardwork and then suddenly NewAge sta rted to sell in its hun­dreds throughout Basutoland.From reports which we receive,this is only the beginning. Soonour paper Will be read in everylittle crag in the mighty moun­tains of this protectorate.

The Government are provid­ing us with more and morerc -ders and agents almost everymonth throu gh their callousdeportatio ns. Instead of inti­midating the deportees, theyarc creating a hard core offiohters more than ever deter­mined to fight for their free­dorn. They arc using New Agerno e and more to show thev.:lY to all the people in thatterritory .

We appeal to all those de­ported from the Union to

WOMEN'S PASSESA PROVOCATIONIn my opinion the assurance

we have been given that Africanwomen are not compelled to takeout reference books does notactually suggest that this viciousmeasure has been scrapped.

Although there may be a lullin the large-scale distribution ofpasses as a result of the strongprotest put up by African women,the assurance does not impressme because African women willnot be able to take up employ­ment without registering with thepass office for as long as thislegislat .on remains on the StatuteBook.

An extension of pass laws toAfrican women is an unprece­dented provocation in the historyof mankind, and I am inclined tosay the net result of this measureis demoralisation because our ex­perience shows that the alarmingincrease of thuggery amongAfricans is a direct outcome ofthe pass laws.

SIPO POPO KA KOTIMeadowlands, Tv!.

* *Raid On Alexandra

MeetingShortly after a meeting called

by the Alexandra Branch of theANC had opened on SundayOctober 12 a fleet of policetrucks. vans and flying squadcars arrived ana Mr. van Zyl, thelocal captain of police, com-

find a way to live together." Themore apartheid was intensified themore opposition grew.

It had been suggested that be­cause South Africa was not ahomogeneous community the Afri­cans could not share in democracy."This is a challenge to us to set apattern."

APARIHElD_ UNCHRISTIAN[h e Rev. H. Leach looking

pointedly in the drrection of theSpec.al Branch detectives. said: " Iwas born in South Afrrca and havelived here for j I years. That is.nformation for those who WIsh tocomplete a dossier.

"A society ~hich denies to manhis true worth is in opposition toGod. You cannot be a Christianand believe in apartheid. The Afri·cans of this land must have a sayin the kind of society in which wemust live,"

United action by all who believeIn a multi-racial society- the Con­gress movement, the Liberals andLabour Party, Black Sash move­ment and the Churches---eould be­come a formidable force against afascist dictatorshrp, said Mr. JanHoogendyk, chairman of the Con­gress of Democrats.

DURBAN: Mrs. Alexan dr ina Ngobese, Secretary of the Two SticksBranch of the ANC Women's League, was buried last week to theaccompaniment of liberation songs and religious hymns. She died ofa heart attack soon after she had returned home after visiting homesin her area urging women to join an ants-pass demonitratinn insupport of the recent Johannesburg demonstrations.

Our photo shows the funeral procession, consistina of Indianand African friends of the late Mrs. Ngobese, on its way to thecemetery, led by volunteers of the Women's League and her Church.

People who attended the funeral contributed over £15 in tickeysand sixpence; to the ANC funds in ber memory.

JOHANN ESBURG.

"MA~e is ~~~~~ S~~~~ tow~o ~~Sou th Africa can meet the chal­lenge to evolve a system so that a llcan live in harmony together'!"said Chief Lutuli, President-Generalof the African National Congress,addressing the Congress of Demo­crats public meeting here last week.

The meeting was crowded to thedoors.

Chief Lutuli said apartheid rulewas the antithesis of democracy.Civilisation was the heritage ofmany cultures. The march back totribalism was sidetracking the de­mocratic 'road. The Nat ional iststold the Africans "Develop alongyour own lines" but in practice thivdevelopment meant along the linesof the NAD.

The democratic society was a re­alisable Vision.

There was a growing number ofpeople who accepted that SouthAfrica was a multi-racial commu­nity. "We are all here and must

gat ory for African women tocarry passes.

The extension of the passsystem to women WIll carrywith it - not only heavy dis­abilrt ies suffered by men butwill result In an unprecedenteddisruption of family life.

There are fundamental dif­ferences between identity cardsfor Europeans and referencebooks for Afncan women, saysthe Black Sash. The holders ofidentity cards are not subjectto summary arrest if they can­not produce them on demandand the holders of identitycards are not required to sup­ply infonnation which enableshosts of petty officials to exer­ci re constant control over theirevery movement

JOHANNESBURG.

11HE Black Sash movementhas come out strongly

823inst passes for women andcalls on the Govemment tostop the isme of these booksimmediately.

The Black Sash has askedthe Minister of Native Affairsto receive a deputation againstpasses for women.

At the end of the month theBlack Sash Will also hold anali-day demonstration againstpasses for women on the CityHall steps. An application tohold thrs demonstration hasbeen made to the Council.

The Black Sash emphasisesin an official statement onpasses that it is not yet obli-

129 Women ConvictedUnder Criminal Laws

Amen~::~E~B~RG. LIBERAL PARTY CALLS FOR REPEAL~~e~rstfo~i~~n~f ~~m~nt l~pa~~ OF PASS LAWS JO'BURG FORCING~e~~s~f hce~~t~~~~i~~U~d t~UM~ bl:~~ JOHANNESBURG. been done on how to get a univer- kaner have his republic: He feels WOMEN TO TAKE~~e~~~e~~d e~~~e C~i~~nalh;~~: ·THa~n~ilbe~~lnf:r~~~~s IJ~an~~:~~ sa~~:n~~~~;s official policy stated ~~n~:~' B~~ fi:\h~~hi~~~~d ~~:~ t~~ PASS BOOKSbroken a law by way of protest end called for the repeal of all pass that the matter will be decided Liberal Party should be in favour JOHANNESBURG .against the pass laws. laws. protested at the surrender of when the party is in power; in of an independent democratic re- Women's pass books are being

The wo~el1. ~ere. sentenced to the Johannesburg City Council to other words. the party was saying: public of South Africa. issued from several points in Jo-~ne month In Jail, With the al.terna- Verwoerdisrn, decided unanimously "Put us in power, then we win de- Yet another delegate moved: "A hannesburg. at the Governmentlive of £3 fine. The maglstr~te to contest the forthcoming Provin- cide our policy." democratic republic is desirable in- pass office In Market Street, out-warned that In future cases like cial Council elections, and referred Mr. Patrick Duncan, of Cape side or outside the Common- side which a number of massthese, sentences would be more se- to discussion in the branches Town, felt the matter should be wealth," and finally the resolut:on demonstrations against the passvere: to punish the accused and throughout the party the franchise clarified but not. this year. Cape adopted affirmed the party hand- laws to,?k place, and at the surbur-

se~~ ~sp:e~t~~~e~~:~ ~~~:rbY all ~~l~~~n~~ It~ed~t~iir ~f~h~ f::~~~~~~ ~~:nof\~hSe T~~~~;aaro:u~dth~ mt~~ ~~~~ ~~~~l ~fri~~~~~~~;~~~le~~ ~} ~~~v1n~~e ~~a;lO~so~~s~~sOy~~~~ani~th.Ea~li~en ·an NAD offiei3i1 Mr. ~~~~~h i~~o~ ;h~ni~;~:t~d~:~-f;;~~ I~~g:~ould be deferred one year ~~~insfnth~hd.r;f~P~~~c r~~~~lica~1 Sh~~I ~ ~fficiare o~o ~~~:~~est~rr~"sLiebenberg was cross-examined by chise.' The conference platform did not the early forties, municipal Non-European Affairs

~r'w~mS~~.vo on the Issue of passes FRANcmSE POLIC~ ~~~~_;id~n d?s~u:~~n r:~I~~~~is~~~ Senat~~IS~e~~~:;tn~ on ~~ia~f~~et~ta/i~d isa n~~Ct~eS~~padr~:He admitted that the taking of The debates on the franchise po - but the delegates' vote carried it. African wages. urged the LIberal merit's policy to "encourage" the

~~~e~efas not compulsory for wo- ~i~~t:~t10~~~ rAub~i~et~~{: I~~fe:~~ REPUBLIC ~f~l~a~ t~~d~~r~i~~s~oA~~~J:e~e ~~~~ issUenct;r P~he bOU~ba~o 'Z~:s"" ActAddressing the court, Adv. Slovo said speakers of the party adapt the On the republic there was an gate said an immediate £1 a day women have to produce permits to

said: "The citizens of Johannesburg franchise policy to the audience even greater assortment of views. for workers could disrupt the eco- show they are entitled to be in theare quite entitled to demonstrate they are addressing: When speaking One delegate said the question of nomy. It was necessary to lay urban area. Council officials willagainst a law. Before they can be to Africans they favour full fran- monarchism or republicanism was down a minimum wage for farm, apparently urge women to take outfound guilty under the Criminal chise, but when speaking to Euro- a matter for individual preference mine and other labour. pass books which incorporate theLaws Amendment Act there must peans they speak of a qualified not for the party to discuss. Mr. E. The conference was opened by permit.be a clear indication that people franchise. The Liberal Party had Roux threw a cracker into the con- Chief Lutuli, who said the women's It is expected that police raids forwho break the law did so in order not thrashed out this question and ference debate with the semi- anti-pass protests would be intensi- permits are to be intensified againstto protest." little constructive thinking had serious statement: "Let the Afri- fled, women.

POLICE CHIEF GRILLED ONPASS EMO S RATION

248 Women "Lawyers" In Court

JOHANNESBURG. reserved till the time of cross- The women denied that they were

A POLI~ colo~el remained exa~~~tg'ED NOT GUILTY ~~~,n a~mili~~ ~:~ %S;~~~i~:~' t~~rooted in the Witness box for The charge was finally put ami police surrounded them and p'a ccd

hours whilst 248 women fired each of the 248 women , speaking ill them under arrest, they said.question s at him. " Did you see Z~ l u , Xhosa, Sotho, E~glish Or The colonel insisted that he had

me, What" dress ~as I wearing ~~I;:~s~~!t~~a~~~~~~g~~~be~.?~~ era~~;msp~~~~e t~ar~~i~ ~~~d~~that day ? Or . JD mo~e se~ere a b~ss voice also pleaded not gu~ lty . Mrs. Maggie Resha, telling her totones: "Your pollee carried sticks 1 he process took a quarte r at an order the procession to disperse.

and batons ~hen they •came to hOlf'little girl of about four wh o The mention of the name of Mrs.arrest us; did they thmk they is in court with her mother was Resha (who I~ not one of the 248were coming to kill snakes?" pparently listening to all this and a~cused b~t IS charged s~paratel~

24:ef~~~~~~ c~:Jt ~~~ amg:~u~h~ ~~~kn~~ ~1:i·It;~~h~esannag.molato" (I :;~~Pi~:a~~~~ acUSf~~~)ss~~~vo~~dmakes the 249th accused, charged The first witness, Colonel Pienaar, fresh que stions from the women.with forming an illegal procession. was called to give evidence. He was Accused. No. 26 stood up a~dThe accused women who come continuously interrupted as long asked: "DI~ you eve~ see Maggiemainly from Sophiatown, were one drawls "oaka, oaka" (he's lying, he's Resha leading processions before?"of the batches arrested on the first lying) came from the women. Th e Colonel Pienaar: "No!"day of the women's anti-pass pro- magistrate waved his hand and told Accused 26: "Then who told youtest here. the women to be quiet. The ir that she was our leader? Would you

The court room is packed out chance to ask questions would deny it if I told you that we are herwith the accused who fill the whole come later. If they continued leaders, not she of us?"well of the cour~ and overflow into to interrupt the witness, drastic One woman asked the colonel, _the European side of the pubhc steps would be taken against them. why the police came armed Did

gaUein ffi A CLASS ROOM :'~~~ ~~t s~~~:, i~;;I~~~ju~n~o~~ ~~d.? e~~ctw~~~n~~~~nwi:~ .~:~~There is a class-room atmosph~re thA~nt:~~~et~:. the prosecutor sat Colonel P.iena~,r said they ex;

about the .court. The women, w.lth down many of the women were on ~ecte~ anY~,hIng. Women can fighthe exception of four, are defend.lng their feet ready to ask question s. like tIge.rs. There was laughter In

themselves.. A. sea of hands ns es But they were made to ask one at the public gallery.~ro1? all directions as the women a time, starting from accused num- The case has been remanded totndICa~e to the bench that they have bel' one.. this week.got thi s and that to say.

Then at some stages the babies GN TOwho are in court with their mothers B C SASH CAMPAIbegin to cry, throwing the whole

court into confusion. HALT PASSE FOR WOMENOn the first day of the hearingthe court hit many snags. The pro­secutor proposed an amendment tothe charge giving more names ofthe streets along which the womenare alleged to have made the pro­cession or alternatively blockedtraffic. Many objections to thisamendment were made by thewomen. "We were walking on thepavement; since when does trafficgo along pavements?"

Some women said that they didnot know the names of the streetmentioned and they could not agree

~e;rei~~e~~:~n~a~~~ ~~1~~~f~:that no evidence was before himyet and those questions should be

The Africanists are now doomed to dismaL faiLure. Even "The WorLd" has thrown them overboard.

NEW MOVESTO SPLIT THEA.N.C.A.N.C. STANDS BY THE ALLIANCE

WITH C.O.D.

. N_EW_A_G_E_._T~aURSDAY_._N_O_VE_M_B_E_R_13_._19_58 _

In the light lor Ireedom many races are to be found, says OLIVER TAMBO, GeneraLSecretary 01the

African NationaL Congress. In this stimulating article he expLains why the

Major VictoryFor Municipal

Workers

iured this new division out of theair , but like most bogeymen it hasno subs tance in fact. This is the oldtrick, slightly disguised, to try tosplit the AN.C. and win it from itsoolicv of co-operating with its fel­low Congresses.

IT would be surprising and un- ~~~e~tr~;e~e~n~n~r~~~ed~c~;1~~ :,~~~::.r Iiheration, and had to be ~~~~~~:i~~.a militant struggle against

natural if the polic y of the t 11 I Is f th . ti I It was to a packed meeting of The main feature of the 1949African Na tional Cong ress pro- :tr~ctu;:.e a e orgarus a rona Europeans in 1952 that leaders of ~~~uf:s ~d~~~~~ceot~ ~:Og~'~~~voked no cri ticism from an y Mistaking this attitude on the \~~i~NC~n;~~s thaep;~Y~~ ~~ic~~ of Action, not a programme of in­source what soever. Indeed, recog- part of the A.N.C. leadership for an organisation that would take Its action, and in takmg .thls decisionnising that the A.N .C. is anything invita tion to them t? indulge in stand alongside the three main Non- t~e A.N C. was not Influenced orbut infall ible, its leade rs have not puen},e pr.ank~, ~~e EdItor, reporters European orgams~tJOns in their re- ~:~~~~:h,brs ~~~iC~\~d e~~n~~,lSi~t~~~infrequently go~~ .out of their :r: ,,~~:~~n~~ve c~~~s~~~~f~~s o~~ ~~t~~cewa:opr~:~~~~altl~t ar%r~~s~1i largely influenced by the politics ofway to invi te criti cism and com - cheap abuse about the A.N.C. be- during the 1953 session of Parlia- the National ist Party government.

ment on matt ers appertaining to ~:m~~~~~~.l1ed by the Congress of ~:tnd::~~ ~~: a;Ji~~eal P~~ ~~~e ~~:~~ ~;th Ab~~~ ~~~ ~~t~~I ---- - - - ------------- Others, employing the columns of Safety Act in additi~n to the Sup- ~~ec~~~m~~~it o~ ~.~.D·'t has ~eek

"Contact," the Liberal Party organ pression of Communism Act. on militant ac~io~~JSlOns 0 em ar

j~~edtheth~'In~~~~U;S,o~~~~~~ ~h~; EuIr~:ee:~on~hotos:~e th~~~~r~~~~: th~t 1~~9tr;:og~~~;;hh~v:s:~t~e~~~:tfev~it~fal~~ l~~~d'~~ stoop to ~~~~~;a~;~ t~d~?t~~ ~~:ij~s~~~ ~~ ~~~~~~o~\h~~e~~m~s: c:~:f~~!r ~~d

In isolated cases public speakers ~)llr ~ause and had the courage to are no doubt more attractive tohave atta cked the alliance of the Identify themselves WIth that cause, those who cannot but have regard toA.N.C. with the Congress of Demo- ca~e forward to found the South consideration s of risk and safety. Incrats not on the ground of control Afncan Congress of Democrats. fact it is significant that a largeof the one by the other, but because Whe ther the¥ were c.ommum~ts or percentage of the brave and courag­the C.O.D. is "an extreme leftist anti-communists was immateria l, In eous men who are busy carryingorgan" and "does not honou r Wes- out a programme of action againsttern civili sation or Christian values". C.O.D. have had little contact with

CAPE TOWN. opposition, the present executive, the campaigns conducted by the

T~ ~:::la:'jorCov=~ee inw?~ r~~ t~~p:l~ec~I:ins?~~:li~~ t~r~~n~s~~i~ 1949 PROGRAMME ~'~~~ai~~cea~~~i' s~~r cSaO~~~~g~:campaign to shake up the Munici- tion . hopeless. Only one of their The adoption by the AN.C. of being what they read in newspapers

r:1 :o:::rs~=~:::!~nc~~~~a~~ caT:::at~igil~~C~lec~~~mittee are ~~e I~;:; ~:~~~~~~~ ~~s~~~Ot~ ili~ ~h~t bh~J\~~e ~~~~d~3elih:e~I~~~were elected on. to the Gene~al confident th~t the final defeat of the vicious pace at which the Nation a- Programme a status in any degreeC?unclI at elections held e.arher executive wI~1 corne. at the annu al list Government was attacking the higher than a suitable topic for dis-thIS month. Four ~ther candidates general meeting due In a few weeks democratic rights particu larly of the cussion at academic meetings ofwhom the committee supported tune. African people. The 1948 General Political Clubs or Literary and De-were also elected, Election had ushered in a new polio bating Societies, they would know

~rin~Ot~:t;r~::::in~:.n~~oe::~w~~n~e~e~::y t~hr~g~Ot~:u:ai~o= th;h:up~lre~i~i~r:: ~er~hehi~vi~~~~1 PRIEST LEAVING ~~~I t~raf~lfitf~c\f~~r~·Nu;k' i~;~ :~:t ~~O~~~ ~:~dst~~lo~~~c~it~r~~~and tried to hold his ground though ordered to leave. But in no tine Inspector of Labour, Mr. Retief, 11 d t . . ' Nationalists, but with the A.N.C.

_ _ __~is heels as a crowd of women approached. ~~~er 1~~~it;f~rtsR~:fst~::nt~~d~r~~ NYANGA :i1 ~an~P;~og~a~':n~~ to action on a ~:l~r fr~~~d ~~~t~~ir~r~n~n~ott~a~ii~vious elections had been unconsti- CAPE TOWN. It is much to the credi t of the hardly merits being placed in the

O" eNStutional (New Age. October 30). The Arch-priest, t he Venerable A N .C. that it has honoured the position of an enemy of the op-

81D TO F R'M AFRI A· 250 AITENDED fce Walter Mbina, of the African 1949 decision to embark upon mass pressed people.There was a total attendance of Orthodox Church, will leave his action, and in the political conflicts It is safe to give the assurance

250 at the .three separate elections present parish at Nyanga for a new that mark the period from early that the present leaders of the

ONLV"TRADEUNIONBODY held for. .different departments of post in Queenstown on December 1950, its leaders have been banned , A.N.C. will leave it to the Natlo na-the mUniCipal.workers--:-~ot a very 9. Rev. S. P. Sikwebu will succeed banished, deported, arrested and Mr. O. Tambo, list Government and those whog~o~ turnout In the opmlOn.of th~ him. persecuted, it has been declared ,ympathis e with it either to attackVigilance Committee, but It was A farewell celebration will be illegal in certain areas and in others and victimise any of the Congresses

JOHANNESBURG. mati on of a colour-bar trade mion fe~t tha~ the Wvnberg Tow? Hall held at the Nyanga D.R.C. school the right of assembly has been any event in terms of the Suppres- or take steps in the fonn of propa-

A PRO-APA RTHEID African centre which .excluded AfJicans ~or~ t c~n~:~it~~rs ~~~ee hfo~ ~:~ or' Sunday November 30 at 2 p.m. sheverely curtailed. In spite of this, sion of Commum sm Act everybody ganda or otherwise, to weaken andTrade Union Co-ordinatin g body from membershIp. .. f k W k h teA N C has not abandoned the " ." h d· l"k d undennin e the liberatory front.

is to be formed. Its sponsors do Mrs. Mvubelo's union disaffiiated ~:i~r~?;~s~nt ;~~r~;:~d th;ire~~n;ral I fight, ~o~ have its I~ader~ retre~ted ~~s Nati~~ili~u~~tver;m~nt'sls ~ofi-not want European, Coloured and from the South African Congnss of satisfaction with the manner in L-b I Y Ih to ~ake shelter behmd Ideological cies and said so. INFE RIORITY COMPLEXIndian workers to participate in its Trade Uni9ns and joined a Lllison which the elections had been con- I era 5, OU platItudes. . . Whether the men and women If. as has been alleged ad nauseum,activities or even join it. Committee set up by the T.U~. ducted. C W I The Na tlOnahst attacJc was not who came together as the C.O.D. the C.O.D. has been dominating or

The prime mover is Mrs. Lucy I?uring .th.e campaign fll' a TO DISPUTE? ongress on concentrated on the Afn can people did or did not honour Western civi- controllIng the A.N.C. by virtue ofMvubelo , Secretary of the Garment natIonal mInImum wage of EI a The. impressio.n gained from the T T _ lEd d only. lisation or Christi an values would the mere fact that it is a "White"Workers' Union of Mrican women, day? Mrs. Mvubelo caIled ~pon :fri~~~~~s c~::ctmpl~~pe~s:sh~eJ.~~~d ~~ reason 110 n e The Suppression of Communism have been difficult to say, assuming organisation, then the C.O.D. can-who previously supported the dis- Mncan women garmen~ woliers Act affected every democrat and ~he q.uestion was relevant. The Nat- not be blamed for being "superior."solution of the South African Trades not to support the campaIgn. ~~:;~tf~~ctjt~~S, v:ridi~~ato}h~h:n~~~ JOHANNESBURG. served as a barrage to keep off the IOn~lIst "'Go~er?ment h.as already In that event the "inferior" A.N.C.,

and Labour Council and the for- pr~~~~~~~ei~u~~f~:~ :;-o:~fna~~ ce~insg;~kesman of the Vigilance The Li.beral Party and the Trans- ~~~~~ra~fc df~isl~~iXn W~~l:t :e~~~ ~~~m~:~i~~a~~~lisP~~:~~~I~gt~~~%~ ~~n:r~le o~ts~~m~~~~o~~i~~~~v~ff~~~~fd;h~s ~~·ic~~ N~:kf~~' ~~~~:;. Committee told New Age that the ~~;~e:~~lanth~~uthdi~~re~t h~~~ passed and enforced. . ~~ ~~n~l:t~~t~~II~h~ir~;~e~/et~~~ :~es:~f{y, ~~~~ t~: a;tP~~~rt~~~

~~ir~~' t~~~t~ei~~~h s~~:e~~s ~~~ "RING OF TRUTH" ~~~~~~le~e ~he btra~~~aat~~0:~e6~ anJh;r~J~~dcea~~~:~~d~~1 v~~~ :soep~~~laki~is\~~~ a~ddG~~o~~ ~~~ ~~~~~,e oi; :r~i~~at~~~I~·?h~A~~~~~leb~~d~~~i~~ t~~~e~~~1 J;~~~~~ . CAPE TOWN. ~~~~d~n t~h:r~:as~~ ~ri~~sh indict- ~l~r ldf :~or~::~ ~~~~~lh~~ ~~ ~~: fh:e~o:~idh~~fe dofn~it~i~ i~ndP~isa~~ ~~~t J~:t~ ~~~dfigMi~~e t~~O~~t~h~week. Thes~ statement~, m:ed Ch:;~:g inath esl~:~~-t~:~11uvebnW~ "The accused have already been ~~~~f°Je~~cr~~y~-~~eo:~~s~tOf~: ter which forms ,part ~f .the ~ecord A';h~~ewTfr~~a:seie~~ believe, or

~~~:~:s c~" ~~nA~ri:h~4 , ~~Jt~~ ~s~:~ :~t'H~~~n~~riinlle1th~' s~~~i~~ ~~;r~v~~r~~Jh~~r ~~::r:lt~~el~~~~s~,~ ~~~e a ~lan ~or ~~operation be~~e~ ~~eD~~~~~;~~~dosf ~::;i~~s~~~~~.of have been influenced by the belief,

ca!F~algn tor £1 a daY'h h' the £-a-day campaign denied that said the Libera l Party statement. organ~~lt~ons o~nlto~~k,w~gl I~;e One may well ask what would f~~~ t~1:i~ o~~ ~~~i~~~roth~r ~~~~~F d e ~m \ sup:ort tbi t t ISnew he had done so, Magistrate H. 1. "The Crown has not yet succeeded lessons of the Defiance Campaign have been the fate 'of "Western" are advised to keep out of any al­ise t~~~tl~r si:

sor;:~is~ti~n~~ :!t~f Powell ref~5ed t? behe~~ him. . in formulating a sat i sfac~ory state- t~e need was fe~t for an organisa- civilisation if England had with- 'lance with such groups and, pre-

wh.ich ~re well knlown tdo be rahde ceJ~e a~ol ~h:vl~~~ceOf I::~t~~" s~; ~h~~h~; ~~~yc~~~ge~uil~;In~: \~~~~ ~th~rthN~;.~;~~:a~hb~i~·C~o~l~ ~~~~ ~:~:d tht~e la~lIi:sar ag:~::' vention being better than cure, to~r~doensu~io:a~eh~h Ytr~~sf~:dt i~~ s~.id, sentencing him to 6 strokes cent, such a state of a~airs" should make con tact wit~ t.hose Whites who Germanv? Of if America had stayed ;h~~:i~ctr~~~trh~~f~10~l1.ba~~~~~;~

If . t B fit S . t f f ''11th a cane. not be allowed to contInue . were prepared to JOinthe Non-Euro- out of the war because Communist rights for in such a struggle many~f. th; ~~ive~~:bou~cs:tiie~:n·e~f C~~: iras~ta~~knt~e~~r~~e ~it~~~~~ cu~fo;a~u~oo}o~~~~e~u~~~ o:arJOt~~ ~~n;c~~c~eir fight for freedom and Russia was in it? races are to be found.

DIS:A.tc~ts i~ ~t~~~'gIY opposd to ~:eo:ki~~at t~~e ~~.ith~ue:aa;s~ b~h~ T~~~~f' s ~~ial GkVi~ai~~t ~~~ In the absence of ~n. organised WHO CONTROLS WHOM? fe~:~"~i~d~i~o~~~J::fr~m : i;;

~~3~Sa~~~t~~dJn~nn~ ~~~ ~~~~:~o~~ ~~~fnth~~~ ~?;h~sP~~::r~het~enew~~ ~mendmen~ .to e~i~ting . la:vs in ~;?p~f1i~I~r::~ai:i~~O~ts o;~~ tio~ett~Sth:a~~i:n~~e otthth e o~~~~ ~~g~~r:.~r~~te~b~~t a~;in:rg~~~:~~l~~mlttees throughout South M nc to which the crown's witness-a young order to obvIate . difficultIes In the slh?~ to the Government's raCialist gresses' namely that the Congress it is not subject to any such controlmake known the reactionary ieas girl-had claimed she saw him condu~t of .the tnal , but the Crown polICIes and supporting the Non· of Democrats controls the A.N.C. or domination, and will not run

bc~ti~1s~h~:r~~I~~i:t~r~:~~te~~~s~y dO~e t~~d~~~nt~~~shed the convic- r:tc~~~;:lled to draw up a proper :k~o~~n d:~~~Pi~: :o~t~~~~o~~r; ;~ic~, b~~:i10~haIt:he:s:~~i:ti~~hi~~ r:::~;~r~huep Po~li~~~~n~=~~~~~~A row of "Russians" stood behind Mr. Madzunya at the conference, allow this new body to be fam ed, tion and seot the matter back to the The LIberal Partv urged that the Black versus White complexion. alliance with the C.O.D., the A.N.C. the contrary, it will ~ntinue to leadsticks peeping out of some of their blank ets. There were seats for their stru/?gle for higher wagesand rr.agistrate's court. This time, they matter be reconsidered at Cabinet Such a situation no doubt suited would have done or refrained from the movement for libera tion againstthem but they'd been ,brought for action, so stood about waiting for a better life will be doome, to stipulated, a magistrate other than level and the proceedings brought the present Government, but it did doing? It surely cannot be suggested iniustice and tyranny to freedom

it. Their chance never came. failure. Mr. Powell must preside. to an end as soon as possible. not suit the A.N.C. nor the move- that the AN.C. would not have and democracy.

NEW AGE, THU RSDAY, NOVEMBER 13. 1958

ANTI·WHITE

CO·OPERA n ON

LOST GROUND

NEW AGEXMAS DANCE

Walch 101' IheEvent 01 the Year

now trying to divide the Congress with talk of a new grouping within the ANC, the "Nationalist." But

said the new secretary of the Transvaal ANC: "No one knows who these 'Nationalists' are. There is no

such group."

JOHANNESBURG. pelled from Congress after his saba- what it says is the viewpoint of the

AN ox gives one final kick tage of the "stay-at-hom 7" caJ?paign, Nationa~ists again without saying

when it dies, sa!s a~ old pro- ~i~~t~ub;~ha: ~~i~:~~~ts~n~~~c~~ w~h~h~~b~:~fer~u%a~P~~~::::~,~~~verb. But the Africanists made and P. Leballo, also expelled, forced its last issue also interviewed ajerks befitting a small frog when their way into the conference. Nationalist spokesman without giv-they were routed and thr own out Their tactics failed and the Afri· ing his name.of the African National Congress canists "folded up" quietly. WHO ARE THE Y?

at the Orlando Transvaal A.N.C. WORLD UPSIDE DOWN

prov~ncial con~erence. Signicantly "The World" news- Age asked the newly elected secre-ThIS pathetIc spec~acle was paper which bad served as their tary of the Transv aal A N.C., Mr.

dre.ssed up and .played into a sen- platform all along, appears to have James Hadebe.~at.JOn bY"a se~b?n of the press. A turned a complete somersault and "I'm puzzled," he said. "We areat~~-:~~ndS~~ti~~;n:t ~~~;~~;~~ is .~ow deno.unci.ng the Mricanists: all puzzled. None ?f .the 11 me!D-

like "Die Transvaler " acclaimed the graJe~e a~Jnb~~I:~ t~:~servue~ ~~~~~ ~~~ws~\v~~ atr~:ki~~a~n:~e~~~~~~~t:;~~de i~f '" "" and openly :tl~~~~:~~a~~h~B:r:~.ld 's" politi- ~~~kitinh~heb:ffic~.e~~f~ro~: ~~ ~~~fo~~tatt~~ i~~~~~:I~ri:;: '::'~i\i~ pa~~r~s :df[~;~a~~~e artic le by the ~:~:ri~dn~edivi;io~oa~~~~n~~is~ftoday. The new nrgamsarion which "Africanists are distur bers and any kind. We are all AN.V. mern­

hecklers of the worst kind. Their bers and belong to no grouping atfollowing is small and the new all within the AN.C. We all oweorganisation they say they have loyalty to the Congress and what itformed seems doomed to a short stands for."life. It has nothing in common with Somebody in need of a new stickthe A.N·~iho: ~~:fJ;\ ~~~e~g~~~: to try to beat the A.N.C. has con-

"The World" must indeed havecontempt for the memory of itsreaders. THREE DAYS EARLIERits report of the Congress confer­ence said:

"The AN.C. ceased to be either"African" or "National" at theweekend. That is the outcome of theA.N.C. Special Conference."

Some change of editorial policy,that, in a matter of three days!

Mr. Potlako Leballo has reached \another dead-end in his politic!!1 The Africanists with their crudecareer. His group has lots to face anti-White talk badly overplayedeven among its most enthusialtic their hand and alienated even their

supporters. most enthusiastic supporte rs who in• • The World had donated them reams

they say ther are n~w f0!Dung IS of space for their attacks on Con­doomed to dismal failure like other gress policy and leaders.similar splinter groups before them. "The World" could hardly con-

tinue to support a group that calledso brazenly for the throwing of the

Prior to the Orlando conference Europeans into the sea.the Africanists had been losing So it has unceremoniouslyground even in the few branches dumped the African ists into thethey had dominated . In Orlando garbage can.East the Africani st-dominated exe- But it has still not learnt itscutive was kicked out of office by lesson. It is abundantly clear thatthe members and a fresh election "The World" still intends to con­was held which resulted in the de- tinue its campaign of sowing dis­feat of the Africanists. Similarly in unity in the ranks of the A.N.C. Itthe Mofolo branch, Mr. R. Sobu- still claims to see two conflictingkwe, a lecturer at the Witwaters- groups within Congress, but thisrand University who is said to be round it identifies them as the so­the "brains" of the Africanists, was called "Charterists" (those who sup­ousted from the chairmanship of port the Freedem Charter which is,the branch. The only other branch after all, official Congress policywhich the Africanists controlled is and has never seriously been chal­one of the seven A.N.C. branches lenged except by the lunatic fringein Alexandra Township, led by Mr. of the Africanists), and the so-calledJ. Madzunya. "Nationalists" who are said to be

In spite of their noisy propaganda opposed to the Charter and to thecampaign in newspapers like "The nolicy of alliance with other racialWorld", the Africanists stood abso- groups.lutely no chance of gaining controlof the A.N.C. and they knew it.Their tactic was to organise thugsto intimid ate the delegates and pos­siblv seize the conference machineryby force. Madzunya, although ex-

For "The World" is still ridingfull tilt against what it calls "thealliance phase of the AfricanNation al Congress."

:------- ----; I It conveniently overlooks that theA.N.C. policy of co-operation withother racial groups has its roots asfar back as 1946. long before theadoption of the Freedom Charte r,when the Xuma-Dadoo pact .wassil'lled by the then presidents of theAfrican and Indian Congresses.

"The World" claims for theNationali sts that it managed to cap­ture five seats on the Transvaal pro­vincial executive elected at therecent Orlando conference. It doesnot name these five. It puts forward

NEW AGE , THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1958

is possible that the Soviet Unionwill find itself unable to agree to aformulation of this type, which,while tying her own hands, willleave the west free to do as itpleases.

For it is clear that the Sovietgovernment, by its resumption oftests and emphasis on its right toexplode as many bombs as the westdoes, until there is agreement, isdetermined to show that its eager­ness for a halt to nuclear explosionsio; based on her desire for peaceand not on any feeling of weak­ness.

Not least amOD2 the factor'exerting pressure on the U.S. andBritish delegations was an appealto the conference to find a meansof stoPpin2 tbe tests for all timefrom some of the most distin­guisbed people in tbe field ofscience, politics and culture inthe west.Among them are Mrs. Franklin

D. Roosevelt, Mr. Trygve Lie, for­mer secretary-general of the UnitedNations. world-famous scientistsDr. Albert Schweitzer and Lord(Bertrand) Russell, Pastor MartinNiemoeller, renowned for his de­fiance of Hitler. and Canon JohnCollins. Precentor of St. Paul'sCathedral, London.

It was organised by the Ameri­can National Council for a SaneNuclear Policy.

Another appeal has beef! sent tothe Prime Minister and the Ameri­can and Soviet Ambassadors in

S OP NUCLEAR TESTSFOR ALL TIME

PLANSECRETBOSSES'(Continued from page 1) particular companies, mainly for

but aspirations common to aU auegeciy pohucal reasons. There JShuman beings." evrcence to sho w that some com-

APRIL 14th pames have lett the elfect of theseReviewing past boycotts and ooycotts 10 their sales and in their

strikes organised by the Congress general turnover . It IS also evidentmovement. the memorandum pays tnat the Non-European populationparticular atten tion to the April 14 IS learning that Its purchasingpre-election demonstration this power can De used as a weapon III e ---I e Iyear. Its general political struggle. S tPTe

" It is true that, in the end, the ."l~is is a devel~pment whi~ oVle roposa 0 ruclaprotest fizzled out into an almost thIS Chamber cannot linore, or dis·complete fiasco and the organisers, cuss lightly, because with the re- Be Th C fas a consequence, officially called it s.tricted ~t~rnal .marke~ in which 19 ree on erenceoff after the first day," says the /South Afn can Industries operatememorandum . "Nevertheless, it organised exclusion of South Afri-

::u~o~~~~:Ja~~~~i:e~~~: ~~:a:t:~UI"::U:~~d~C:( ~r~~~ REPRESENTATIVES of the declare that it is in favour of thesome organisations were very consequence to those mdustrieJ Soviet Union, the United endinl': of all tests for all time,seriously affected and that absentee- concerned. More particularly is it States and Britain are now nor bas Britain .ism continue~ even after the 'pro- so .in the case of those industries meeting in Geneva in order to At fir:'~~N~~~c;~s pooh­~e:;:nVs:.s:ffiCI8I1Y called off by the ;'~I~P:d~: ~~~:p~~o~~ find agreement on the immedi- pcohed the idea that the halting of

" It is perhaps more important to munities," ate halting of nuclear tests. nuclear tests was a matter ofanalyse the reason for the apparent The memorandum quotes cases This is probably the most impor- urgency. They said that their testsfailure of the protest. The Chamber where businesses "have been threat- were "clean" and could not harmwould ascribe this to the following ened with-and have in fact been~=====~ll anyone.factors: Victims Qf-boycotts organised by Secondly, they said, it was im-

"(1) The part played by the and among the Non-European com- W Id St possible to come to an agreement

J~~~~~i~~ C~~~r;~s ofr~~:e~t~~~~i~~ :~i~7 ~:v;heex~~~~~gs ~~_~~~: or age ~~ i:::gost~~l;ef~sr ~~iC:n~i:tsi\oW~~~~~e~~, s~i~~nsad~f~~~:~~o~n~elf~~ ~e:~~~s,infr:seth~s::tti:r~e~~~~ by ~~~f:~ b~i~t~eho~~~r~~.the agree-

:Uhke;:p:e~~n~W~,:hf~~~ :h:e~~ ~~~~E~~~~~S ~a~:i1:n~~hf~tu~:' Spectator pr~:: t:f b~e:: ht~~:tsli:~;

partments of Native Affairs, Lab- use their purchasing power as a the unanimous verdicts of confer-our, Police, Commerce and Indus- weapon to gain advancement for I~========;J I ences in whicb the official seien-

tri~(2/~~e li~i~o~e e~i~b~~h~~d ~y themselv~~~ec~=SPhere:" ~a:~er:~d~~B~~a~i~ce t~eu ~~ei~ ~~ ;~k:::~~~~at~. ~eis~;~

S~IOP:~'ra~d ~har::::c~f °I~~~: M~e l~t5.~ea~fa ~~:~~~ ~~~~~:; i~ ~~~~~~~~er;fs~1rr~~r~~~ti!i~~~ Sr;s~~i :C:o~"J.~~vew~~~tb~~~::~i~~s , ab~tw~~~rthee~~l~:~ ~~aa~i; ~a~:a~n~nu~:nt~~~~~~a~~ith°ft~ f~~~~s S~~;~isi~~~~seto~~ve~~P~h~ was a~:tS~;~~~G~ said it.N~,n-European workers. available African labour and re- South African press has con- Now-having been forced to go

mit~~:sha~:~l~~:rl:~~~~ie~~t~~ ~1~~~edorth~eI~~~a~t~i~~rs~ake the ~~e;:t1ngthe meeting hardly worth ~~;n~ C~;i~{:~D"JI:~e a~~ig~a~~~h:~~P thi:P~~i~~~ ~~~;~ fti~n~~~ co:T:o~t::~~;Ya j~~nl.d:~~:~~ co:~~tn::? the background to theplovers ~ere able, on .the one hand, from the African National Con- The Soviet government proposedto explain the abortive nature ~f gress, the Nata l Indian Congress, on December II, last vear, that the

~:rker:o~J~~n :h~I~~herthanJ~e;~ ~ro~~~g~e~:gaci~ati~)o~~~ts ~~ ~e~~d~t~~ersto s~fou~d ali ll nuacf~~indicate that. employers wo.uld t~ke South African Liberal Party. The tests. This was at a time when thea senous VIew of any disruption deputation urged t~e company .m- other powers had completed farf:~~edw~~k~orkers who stayed away ~i~~laJ:~YT~~tfl~tw~~~~r~ef~~~~;ri~i ~a~e tests than the Soviet Union

" POLICE ArnON. Union of South . Africa for a settle- On March 31 the Soviet Union

res~~~s~; ~~~~~~il~i~~ectl~~ ~h~ ~~~~ o~o~et~tr~~~I;~ ,:,;: ff;;~ ~h~ t~~se~~O~~~~gbhe~~~~nt~~J, ~;J~~e~hw~~I;:~ufr~~~ea~~ ~;a:h~~~: :~~~:~~ .o~~ ~n stnk~ Wl~ Native ~~~iJi~go ~~~t s~~:h;heot~~~IJt~~~that they were present in all areas "Shortly after the interview • - . resume themdu.~ing the three days ?f 'protest.' the company received a letter from But the'United States has not Khrushchev: "Let's bave a different kind of race."

tact(~a~~i~~:~~t~~~!~::r1m:~~ ~~: N~:L.~rov~n;A~na~ecrC~~re~~ at any time found itself able to Millan are trying a different method London. It says that failure at Ge-

~fo:~~~~~ ~~irsindO~st::b~~d; ~~ ~~ti~~gw~k:r~mital%w~~ ~~:~o~~r~ (Continued from previous column) of sabotage. neva to agree on suspension of testsJustice, as well as various local au- mal rates of pay in order to break have arisen from a feelin2 am0!lg The Soviet Union has called for would be a disaster.thorities, with the employer asso- the strike. The letter threatened the Non-Europe an people of dis- a final end to the tests. No, say Among the signatories areelations before and after the dates that unless this practice was imme- satisfaction against certain legisla- ~~~:sooi;dto ~~~~~~af~sts~e can ~:~~~e~Sh~~~~t~r~f~~tt~, B~~i:t:m~~'~)~e a~~~~~int shown by all ~~~~~yp~g~~~isaw~~~o~ea~~~~~tis~~~ ~n' ~~Y~O~r~o~:t :~;wb~t~~':: Even their own press has pointed shaw (general secretary of the Na-sections of the South African Press It is relevant to mention here that strued by them as being hostile. It out tha t !hls would mean no more tional Society of Opera tive Printersin not giving sensational publicity the company's products include may transpire that if sucb Iegisla- ~an an l~tdruPthl?nh of tests ~o~la Mi.A(~~~~~;t ~~. ~hoeb ~g~f~:i

to ,,~i) ¥h~po~~~pg~~i~'T:' statements ~~~~k~t\~:c~e ~at;~~s~a;;:J~~~ ~~~e ~:6~c~:UI~or:u~~eo'::~~~ ~:~~icill~t.oc~nv:ni~nt l~r ih~m~ .Y Workers' Union): Mr . John Horner

m~~7) bth~ear:~~~U;I~P~anrtc~~~;~ :~~~~e ~~v~h~e~~;:a~;~ious cOll$e- :..~~:acif b:p=~:~o~ ~~: ha~~ ~~~Jtl~ ptl~~ y~~afh~ ~~~~~~ ~~i~~rY of the Fire Brigadesbv some leadin2 Natives, by pub- "Tbis particular occnrrence is tentment •• t~nce o~ the conference. ~he So- SCIENTISTSIfcly condemning the protest." (Pre- mentioned in some detail in tIrls "I n the ultimate it must be con- viet Umon propos.ed th~t. It be a The scientist signator ies include5umably a reference to the strike- memorandum in order to (a) direct ceded that 'boycotting' is a fairly conference of foreign m!Dl.sters. Lord Russell, Lord Boyd-Orr, Sir

~~~~:,) e~fi~':~ ~a=led ~~~ :~~:i~ tbe::enco~:~:::op:: ~ial~ir~le~e~~o~It~~~h~n ;'l~me~f ~:e~t ~~~yU~;. :e~d ~~~O~d~:~~:' ~~~:~l ~rxL~e~~rsi~IVBe~i rL~~k:~::ive~ff~~Do~f betb:~e~e~:f~ ~~~~::nsa:dd c~~~en~:::p:: ih~~u~e:: a~~o wh~~::ri~~ls P~~~d~~~~ ~:don ';::~s C~:=;:t(8ct :~)~ 6':~~!tm~~~fr~cies:tifie~a~~d J~d~:lightly as they assisted to stop tbe organisations; (b) more specifically where the .boycott has been use~ in "Just one mor~ prop,aganda POlOt trial Research) and Prof. G. Ponte-

:~r::rs o:f ~: ,~";~:ropean or- ~oondi~ltN~~~E:~:~n ~~1i~~I~~: ~~~~~e~~~lca a~ Eu~~pea~~r~~~~~~ ~~~~~h~res~i~O~ite of all the ~~~oU~i~~;~iSt~)~ of genetics, Glas-The memorandum says there was ganisations in II workers' strike, and against Non-Europeans." ~tt~mp!s to fr ustrate the conference, Church personalities to sign the

~::i~e?iv!~~n '!~o~~e ~~?E~;~~~~ ~? ~~:n ~~~~:e~:fic;~:ict~~::sus: POSITIVE MEASURES f~r~~dh~~IYm~\a: it~~o~;S;t . ~~~c~: appeal are the bishops of Stafford,probably realise that the £I-per-day weapon to achieve settlement of an The Chamber says the~e .are al- slons an~ ~hat the meetmg wJlI Manchester, Llandaff. Plymouthdemand is, under present circum- industrial dispute." ready. far too many restTlcllVe and mark a slgmficant step forward. and Hulme, the Rev. Trevor Hud-

st~~i~~ uCh~~~~~: however, does The R~:~~~~~~s that ~~~a~~:it~~:sm~~s~~:s ~~~~~l~tf~ M;;~illa~hepr~~~f;~I:ar~~~n D~~~ich dl~~~;ra~~n~~~r~~n;~d t~~P:~pea l ,inot t~~lie;:stth(Ju~~es~6~w~95;t,em~~ ~f~er~:o~~lito~o;l~caJi~~~sfuc~i~~ f~ it;e~~~~r~~J'~~blems dIScussed ~~~~e,h~:y She ~~te~e~~~e~ n~hi~~ ~~~l~~:d D~:ar~~~e;t~m~~~gn L~~~April 14, 1958) will be the last of of the Non-Eu ropean populatioo, Positive proposals made by the They propos~ to stop tests for Simon of Wythenshawe, Sir Rich-

~~ss~h~a~:a~~~~ef~in:ss~~~d ih~~ feng1sla5J~~ ~~atth:ur~;~er~~~~~tir~ ;~;~~~~el~nc~fdNa;~~hee ;~:~i~r~ ~: fgr~tie~r~e~:~:~~d"~:Cj~~~e~: ~~r; ~~or~cland and sculptor Henrythe results will always be a failure , curb strikes and boycotts would permitting the dilution of skilled factory functlo~lng of the contr?1 Yet a third "appeal ," in the form

~~fnt th~utC~~n:~r j:no~~~e l~~~t t~ pr?~:r~oisso~u~?s~i~gt t~~:~~blth~t ~~~ur~~ciri~f~~~ ath~ c::~~tio~an~f ~~~~rmm~~~u:::ls~fc~~~ir~~~~~~~" In ~f sig~~~erb~ ~h~J~~~s l:~o~:e~freer supply of suitable labour any legislation to outlaw such boy- house rents and the adjustment of NOT BIND ING their own right or as wives ofwould assist in acting as a deterrent cotts would be viewed in a poor the sub-economic means test on This is clea rly designed to leave famous men. It calls on the Britishto strike action." light in overseas countries and par- which rental rating is based from the way open for the west to an- representatives to go to Geneva

. . BOYCOrrS ticu~arly those in wbich South the figure of £15 t~ ~ figure.which nounCe at any time it chooses that " ready to agree to an immediateIn addillon to stnkes , .the Cham- Afnca ~lready has a bad press ••• bears a more reallst.lc re!atlon to there is not "sa tisfactory progress" ending of tests for ever."

~~~s~~~ ~~obo~~~~ts~Orned by the b~~co~~g~tgai~~ ~~~ ~fr:~rs:~~ ~~e~::7~-~h~~~w~~hibs;I~.r:~~~~ :~dou~t ~~e~ ~~~i~;e~~~~~:~:I~ da~h~ol~tte: ~~~~~ :~::o:~::r~r:" Instances have been reported in ports with consequences more tinuation of the methods of consul- all. Nevertheless it does mean that poisonin2 the air we breatbe and

the press .and hav~ otherwise come harmful . to South ~rica's economy tati~n which pr?ved so effectiv~ in the west will be placing itself in an the food we eat. This is because weto the n~hce of thiS Chamber where than might be achieved by local haltmg the !,-pnl 14 demonstration; indefensible position as far as pub- failed to respond directly to thethe Native and other Non-Euro- boycotts. and the revISIon of the laws relat- lie opinion is concerned if it does sDspemioD of tests by the Russians

~~~~ot~~m~~r~~~es th~av~rodJ~~is~~ "r&C:tin~eed r:y~~:rs ~rJ:~) to ~:nttoo/i:b~~~itment and move- atto~p:h~o :th~mba~~,ts~f course. it ::~ ::~:~~~:iel~~~~~s;,ait (0;

U.S. Dictatorshipin Pakistan

Known suppor ters of the Alge­rian liberation movement, who areall branded by de Gaulle as " per­sons engaged in terrorist activities"are specifically banned from partici­pation in the elections, and the Al­gerian government-in-exile has al­ready announced that it will notrecognise the results.

NS FAKECERIA

HAVE NOTBEEN PERSECUTEDI'

Pasternak DecLaresFull Text Of Letter To Pravda

rian people have given that theyare NOT a part of France anddo not wish to be, General deGaulle is determined to pushthrough his plan to hold electionsin Algeria as a "constituent partof France" on the 30th 'if thismonth.Sixty-six deputies will be

"elected" from Algeria to theFrench Assembly,

NIG RA WILL BEINDEPENDENT

Today the Algerian govern­ment-in-exile in Cairo is reportedto have an annual budget of 250million dollars, and it handles anation-wide supply and demandsystem on a scale whic h has fewparallels in the history of gueril lawarfare.

NIGERIA, Britain's lal'2est colo- ask Britain for independence, andny. is to become an indepen- this will be granted on October I,

dent state within the Common- 1960.wealth on October 1, 1960. This It is through its agents in thewas announced at the end of a feudal Northern region, in whichconterence bet wee D Nigerian over half the Nigerian people live,leaders and representatives of Bri- that Britain hopes to continue totain last week. exercise control.

'J'H~1 t~~~~;~;n cl~fPd~~~~ra~~oinion which has followed thetaing @f power by the new U.S.­spnsored Pakistan dictatorshiplst month is a clear indicationtht the United States feared thata revolution on the Iraq patternw s brewing and that the old andcrrupt regime would not be strongeouzh to withstand it.

For the first time in II yearsEkistan was due to hold a generaleection in February of next year.'he new dictatorship acted quicklytl prevent even the beginning of anrection campaign for fear of thefrees that might emerge in theourse of the heightened politicalativity.The spontaneous mass meetings

t roughout the country which ac­caimed the Iraq revolution andjotested against the Anglo-Ameri­an invasion of Lebanon and Jor­an served as a grim warning toresiden t Iskander Mirza, that henight well go the way of Iraq'shted rulers. He encouraged army(lief Ayub Khan to join with himi establishing a two-man dictator­aip, Two weeks later Ayup Khanlade it a one-man dictatorship.

AmOIl2 those jailed by the newgovernment are Mr. F. D. Man­sur, the general secretary of theCommunist Party, the editors ofseveral democratic newspapers,and trade union leaders.

The following is the full text of Mr. Boris Pasternak's letter to Pravda following his But the coup has made the U.S.announcement that he had refused to accept the Nobel Prize awarded to him on the publi- ~~reLounnJ~ui~~~~a~ot~~e(OctEvl~)cation of his novel Dr. Zhivago: hat "sincere Pakistan democratsI am asking the editorial offices been nominated as candidate for it suiting from a critical appraisal of re pained and disillusioned by

of Pravda to publish my statement. approximately five years ago, i.e., the novel, it would appear that in vhat seems to them over-hasty ap­I am compelled to do so by my before my novel existed. my novel I allegedly maintain the Iraval for the new regime in the

HUGE DEATH TOLL respect for the truth. MONSTROUS CONSEQUENCES following erroneous principles. Vest."

At a press conference last. week m;v:;th~n~att~~~lh~~n~~g~:~~~ ~f After the end of the week, when CLUMSY ALEGATIONS re~:.Yn~:ln:::~:ma:n:h: r:~i~11t e~fde Gaulle announced that 10 the my actions, just as all my manifes- I saw. the scope of the political I am supposed to have alleged he isolation in which it finds itselffour ~ears. fighting 77,000 Alge- tations concerning the award of campaign around my. novel. I re- that any revolution is a historically ollowin2 the breakdown of thenan Liberation Army fig!lters had the Nobel prize to me have been alised myself that this award was illegal phenomenon, that the Jagdad pact, and it is desperatelylost their Iives, (He claimed that free and voluntary. I accepted the a political measure, which has now October revolution ws such', and ' seekill2 allies.7,200 French dead were the total award of the Nobel prize as a resulted 10 monstr~)U.s . c~nsequ~nces, that it brought unhapjness to Rus- SHAH'S PLANon the other side.) Iliterary distinction. I rejoiced at it, and on my own InItIatIve, WIthout sia and the downfall c the Russian As a 'counter to the influence ot

b II d b b d t intelligentsia. the Asia-Africa group of countries.t ro~~~rin aAig:ri~~-a-million French :d~r~.s~:r~~se~h~hi~e~~e~~~te~rili~ r:;n~o~n~~~ ~efU~I..any 0 v, s~n It is clear to me nat I cannot the Shah of Persia has proposed a

Swedish Academy. But I was In my letter to Nikita Sergeyevich endorse such clumsy dega tions, At possible confederation of Iran,Nevertheless, in spite of the wrong. Already I had reason to Khrushchev I said that I was tied the same time. my work, which Pakistan, Turkey and Afghanistan.

convincing proof that the Alge- make such a mistake because I had to Russia by my birth, life, and was awarded the Nobl prize, gave But this would probably creatework, and that to leave and go into cause to this regretta le interpreta- such immense opposition withinexile abroad was unthinkable for tion, and that is the eason why I Pakistan that it would make theme. In this connection I had in finally gave up the prte, government's problems worse.mind, not only my ties of birth If the publication of the book (Continued from previous column)

~r~tsth;e~~l~, i~d p~~:~~i~; ~l~ri~~~ ~::edno~~ee~ub7~b~;i~' i~afy~a1 ~~ie~~ke me act against my con-present and future. should .perhaps have oeen able to OF ' MY OWN FREE WILL

Yet obstacles created by the c.o rr~ I.t, at least In ).art. Its pub- That is true in this case. It isnovel through my own fault have lication In other counnes was with- hardly necessary for me to add that

~hi~o~~n~e~i~~ .bith~e:e ~~~~~ h~~ ~~~nm~ri~~~~~r~~d ~ft~hfo~ol~eh~~ ~hi~~d~n~asth~~rclda~e ~~k~Og ath);the intention of causing harm to dlscus~ this. . statement of my own free will, withmy State and my people. The edi- Durmg this stormy week .1 have a bright faith in my own future andtoria l office of "Novy Mir" warned not been per secuted, My life has in the future generally, being proudme that the novel might be under- not been endangered, nor has my of the times in which I live and ofstood by readers as a work directed freedom been imperibd, I wish to the people who surround me. Iagainst the October revolution and emphasise once agair that all my firmly believe that I shall find thethe foundations of the Soviet actions have been etirely volun- strength to redeem my good namesystem. I did not realise this, and I tary. People close to ne know well and restore the confidence of mynow regret it. that nothing on eartl can prevent comrades

Indeed, if one were to take into my being perfectly sraightfcrward (Signed) B. Pasternak. Novem-consideration the conclusions re- (Continued in nes column) ber 5, 1958.

"The success was all the moreshattering as the European settlers,one-tenth of the total population,had persuaded themselves that thefellah s were feckless and childlike.Instead the hungry and often illi­terate bands proved to be not onlyformidabl e fighters but remarka bleorganisers."

For four years the people of thatcountry, unarmed or equipped withthe most primitive weapons, havefOU2ht the whole might of Franceand have at la,t compelled theFrench government to recognise 1---------- ----------------- - --­their leaders and to call upon themto negotiate for peace, \ I

This, in the words of the LondonObserver (Nov. 2) is a "fantasticachievement."

~~G7~:I~ ~:~~~~I~:iYEAR OF THE REVOLUTIO NIN ALGERIA.

Af TER rOUR YEARS or WAB

NEW AGE, THU RSDAY. NOVEMBER 13.1958-------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

proved that she is the friend ofthe Arab peoples."

He said the United Arab Re­public would welcome the news"with great joy" .

"The realisation of this greatproject will reinforce ournational economy still moreand give our fighting peopleanother great opportunity toincrease agricultural and indus­trial production and will helpto raise living standards," saidthe marshal.

The loan and the reaction toit should put an end to thecontinuou s flow of reports inthe western press, never well­founded, that relations betweenEgypt and the Soviet Unionwere becoming strained.

were the loan ngotiationssuspended, but also £5 millionof Anglo-U.S. creditswere can­celled.

It was this attemt to useEgypt's desperate ned in orderto impose political werlordingthat finallv determied Nasserto nationalise the Sez Canal,which in tum led to he aggres­sion bv Britain, Fance andIsrael.

Moscow Radio sas the loanto the United Arat Republicwould cover "exnnse con­nected with delieries ofmachinery, equipmnt an dother materials rom theU.S.S.R. of which ne UnitedArab Republic was short,"

Marshal Amer sid after­wards: "The Soviet Jaion has

diseases.The original Aswan Dam

project was to cost £470,000,000and take 18 years to build.

The plan was suspended in1956 when the U.S., Britainand the World Bank abruptlywithdrew offers totalling £94million. This comprised £5m.from Britain , £19m. from theU.S.. and £70m. from theWorld Bank.

This British-U.S. offer hadbeen hedged about with stringsthat President Nasser con­sidered would place the eco­nomy of Egypt under U.S,control.

When Nasser rejected theconditi ons as insulting toEgypt's sovereignty, Dot only

AN - MATT R OF LIFE AFOR EGYPT

THE building of the HighAswan Dam to harness the

waters of the upper Nile is amatter of life and death for thefuture livelihood and indepen­dence of Egypt's people.

For fertile fields which willbring food and clothing to thehungry millions of the MiddleEast will renlace endless milesof arid sands, electric powerwill replace the labour of thecamel ami the ox, and the nos­sibili tv will arise of exploitingthe abundant supplies of ironore.

The dam will provide purewater to areas where there arenow only insanitary villages­a tremendous step towardovercoming Egypt's endemic

When its 33 million people lli== = = = = = =================================rlachieve their independence therewill remain only 44 million inBr ita in 's colonial empire.

Imperialism's technique of divideand rule has been applied in theconstitution. When it drafted thecountry's first constitution in 1946Britain split Nigeria into three re­gions-North, East and West. Ad­vantage was taken of the existenceof scores of languages to sponsorand encourage political rivalries.

The new constitution will retainthese divisions and Nigeria will be

I a federation of the three regions.

The Eastern and Western regionsalready have a measure of self­government. Self-government will,in terms of the new plan , be ex­tended to the Northern region inApril of next year.

A federal general ele tion will beheld in the autumn of 1959. Whenthe elected representatives meet inthe first parliament, they will, c-cording to the asr eemea t, formally 1 '~ iiiiiii;o;;~~ iiiiiiiiiiOO~;;;;';==:;;;;;;;;;:;;;;;;==~=;;;;;;;;===iiiiiiiiii;;;=o;;;;=o; ;;;;;;;;;; ;;;;;;J

NEW AGE, THURSDAY, l'{OVEMBER 13,1 95,8

WIN/PLACEand

QUINELLATOTALISATORS

also10/- and .£1DOUBLES

atASCOr

SATURDAY 15th

PUB LIC MEETING Also" SUPPORT THE J

"Dropthe Treasol Trial" ~ :P~l~·E~A~~o;~~~j~/R:~:I~~ ~~~~T C~D H;~tRESS SPEAKERS ALL WELCOME

THURSDAY, 20th NOVEMBER, at 1.15 p.m. ",•..1 by Cong,... 01 D._cra'"

SPORTLIGHTby

"DU EEP"

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