2011b The Pintura Posesiones

'slsrYe SupurqJo ed,{l ou lnq lJ¿lur áJe ss8uuJqt¿; Jqf ,\rntuác qtuááluá^ésárll Jo olpptu cq] pu€ Iggl uáar\\taq Surl¿p '¡et¡ereqc ur lecrpunlsr ]uotuoc áqI ¿ (qg00z zn¿) saSerur palured r.req ñqt esorlol¡qcsool o,r\1 sle a.raql uorlrppl? ul teuuo-J otlo| ut u¿ ur sr qarq,{\ Joqreo 'ur) E I ¿ {q g' l t ,{¡eleurrxo:dde 3urrnseaur :aded ueádorng JosoIIoJ aarql-,{tq8roJo slsrsuor alr+ orsr?J-rllrlnralleurrqJ eqJ

o r sD J -ryill nJ atlo nt ltl J o ID 3a 7 aq L'(q9002 '€9002 m¿) s¡ooq ruanueJo eles 3ql ot prleJrpop oSed qc,^ e

tto 'ecueqc ,{q se,lr luer-uncop aql3o ru¿.\oJSrp ¿q-L :o¡::¡¡o: .:1e,tud e3ouorssassod eql ur sr leqt (üsD)-qlqDa4Duut¡3 olnBa7 aql) c¡g e osr-rd

-ruoc'uo¡e8¡r¡ eql qI,4\ Suole 'suorle¡snllr 3seqf (z Ég :e966¿ zn¿)

,trtz¡ñ4 pt¡ns¡ ap nlSoytattag Dl ,)p Drnrutd aqt sr 3urlured puoJes aql'uo4e8DII 3rl] ul pessncsrp sr drqs:au.{o asoq.\\ spuel pue slcclqo sno-ue,t sluass:du 1r esneceq ( I ;lJ).¡7t tlnrailDunq) oatD1y Í LnzpaÁ DSJr Iap sauote:^o¿ r'Dl aP D.tl1|utd aql peu¿u e.\Bq a,\\ 18ql ploJcJ l8llsl^e _'1 llLltn)tlDutrll) oaJDtrll :i ut:tóJ l)qDsl d.uua olDld rrll fueduro¡celeql s8ul,l\\elp ,&euud o,rt aql.¡o :uo uo snroJ a.ü eraH (t8l-691:l I0¿mU eás) secrpor lercrpnl s¿ 01 JJ-Jal a.$ leql stuotrmltop Ieru-o¡oc3o dnorS lue¡odun ue uorl a8eun u¿ uo (e800¿ pue e9002 orxegm¿) r¡c:eesa.r 1e,:olrop JrloJo ,tráI,\lelo ue sapr,r.o:d alcr¡e srql

plrpDn ap asLta¡.n 1duto3 pDpts.Dtuun

olrrBfl znu la8uv IenSrIAI

rÁpnts .{¡uurrurlord ytlltqrcau0tullD oautw t

u!4raÁ nslnT apsauo$aso¿ snl ap ntnluld oqI

I9I NIZJ)g,I. YSNT SO SqNOISISO¿ SV7 gO 7HNJNI] AHI

aq¿ ,{ddeq se.rt ,{lrtrruJ reH .

faql pe:n1dec sp^\ oq .llo¡

tuq¡ os fq suec orl,r uáruol\prp eg ,{ze1 sE^\ eq ásne)cq

-]VNUNOT S:IUNJYUE

162 LATIN AMERICAN INDIAN LITERATURESJOURNAL

.:l,ar

I

tmibrgwe L Pintura de las Po.sesiones tla Muleo ChinultetuhtliyLuisa Yectzir'r. Folio 40r is on thc lclt and I '11v is on thc right.Photograph by thc author.

The documents in the lile are presently in poor condition. Some

sheets are loose and most show cuts, holes, and stains fiom dampness.

In some ofthe gathcrings, the state ofthe paper is worse, owing paflly to

its antiquity and differences in thc original quality. Also, the llle in-cludes starlped paper fi'om the middle of the seventeenth century and

several watemrarks exist. Thesc clements allow us to date thc paper and

to confi¡n its authenticity (see Ruz 2008a: I li7-204). We also notice that

lhere are ch¡nges ill ink rnd writing.

The Litigatio n betteee ttIsubel Egitzin qnd Mateo Chimaltecuhtli

The first document in the file that we studied (Ruz 2006a,

2006b) is a traslatloe of the original lawsuit proceding that was createtl

in 1565, one year after thc beginning ofthe litigation, at the rcquest ofMateo Chimaltecuhtli. It was made for him to present in his appeal

against the initial judEnent, which had been urfavorable. This gather-

ing includes fblios 39 to 66. Folio 39 is the cover and folio 66 is its com-panion page that closes thc unit. Folios 40 and 41 have the paintings of

: r ,",jFr:

THE PINTL R. . :

F::- - -1: _

_t

*:f¡f-)

)/¡

yond tl'.. --lolloit .living :- -

tecuhtl . --did nc: -

Jo 1no JáqleSol Sunq e:e,u. Jerllotu pue JoqleJ srq áJurs pJelseq e se,{\

oolew leql se,tr luaun8:e:eg laqluJ srqJo r eop eql roue u,{\o lou prpeq terl] slo,rolpue spuel urcuei lds>¡ 8ur,teq3o run¡ Sursncce ,rpqncel

J€uIqJ oálel\l 'uos-dáts roq pons '(ocrxg¡41 'elqend) elnloqJ ut 8ur^rlueuo,tr snouaStpur ue 'urz1r5g ¡eqes1 usq,r ueSeq lrns.A\el éqJ s,{\olloJ,4.murunslauq u '(g¿7-997:eggg7 zn¡ ees) ,{pnrs srUl;o edocs aql puo,{-eq sr uoqe8ql¡ eql Jo luátuoc eJquá áql Jo srs,{¡eue q8noq¡y

'€eJ€ srql luo{]sol rceq seq:eded¡o lue{u3¿g € tnq'Jogrunu lsJg éql peq o^eq }snru

0, I l¿tt] csoddns á¡A '8uueq1e8 Sur,tro¡¡o3 áqt ur ecuonbes áqt Surn-uluoc '¿z o] z requnu áql ulo{ esJo^qo 0q1 uo peDqrunu ole I t I ruo.gsolloJ eql ilV 'rg9 I uo s:eedde ']uoumóop leur8Fo eql lou'opDlsvtje sI luoumrop áql l€rp uoqelou áql gg pu€ zt sorToJ uáá.^\táq punoJeq ueJ lrns,rel eqlJo lxál áqJ']ueluncop árlt Jo SuuurSeq eql le pouás-ur se,tr lsql reded 3o leeqs etu¿s áqt ol puodsáxoc qloq teql poguá^seq ¡euÉuo oql Jo srs,{pu€ rng uztúg pqDsl ap o8opauag ar4 puellltln)atptury) oa¡n¡,¡ Í tnz¡ta¡ DSIII ap sauo*asod sDl ap o.tnryrd e\l

'rorllnu oql ,{q qderSoloq¿ 1q8r.r cql uo sr r l t J pue al rqt uo sr,rg¡ oqo¡ urz¡r5g ¡cqesl ep etSo¡oauag o¡ ap otn¡ut¿ '7 cnír¿

I9I NIZJ)g;{ VSINT gO SgNOISgSOd SYT EO VANJNI{ AHT

3o sSurlured eqt é^Bq I t pr-uoc slr sr gg orToJ pu¿ Je^(

-rerl133 srqJ 'álqllJo^P.Ju11 I

¡eedde srq ut luase:d o1 u;o lsenbo: eqt 1e 'uor1e3r1r¡

páleár3 su.r leql Surpaco:d

'e966¿ zn¿) párprus a, r

IlqnJaunulq:lIz ? ít

l€q] octlou osF á¡[ (to¿-¿lpue:eded eql alup ot sn .r\olpuu ,{:n¡uec qluááluo^es ar-ur elg eqt 'oslv ,qllenb Iol ,{luld 8ul'$o 'ásJo^\ sr Ja{'sseuduup urog suruls pu€oruos 'uorlrpuoc rood ut .ipr

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rril

]vNdnof sgunJv'u1

16.1 LA'I'IN AMERICAN INDIAN LITERATURES JOURNAL

wcdlock. According to Isabel. the properly bebnged to her son. whomthe 1¡thcr of Matco. ¿r rran namcd Cristóbal. had sired.

With this recluest lbr juslrce,the trntegitlorro o1'Cholula began

an investigation of thc mattcr-. Aiicr he heard testirnony liom MatcoChimaltccuhtli, l.rc hcard rvitnesses plesentecl by both sicles. Matco al-\va¡rs dct-cndccl tl.rc lr]alriagc of l.ris perents, saying thrl il was pcrfornrccl

b¡' the Cihr-rrch soon ¿lfter thc Spanish conc¡resl. The argunent tl.lat

Matco coulcl have been a nalural son. not a bastard due to the lack olaCatholic marriagc ofhís plrcnts. cloes no1 sccnr to havc bcen raised er-plicitly anyrvhcrc in the larvsuiL. Finally. thc torregitlor announccd ¿

.judgrr.rcnt that was lavorablc to Isabel and her son. but Matco cleclded tcr

appeal. For-this, he reqllesled penrissiOn to have the copy ofthe proccss

r.nade. ancl finally he obtained it. Although presently the ultimatc outconre is not knorvn, fiom the accusations that the rorrt'grrlol r.nadc con-ccrrling N4ateo, we undcrsl¿rnd that thc latter sought to expand thc finalrcsollrtion ofthe larvsuil in ordcr to rctain thc propeny (see Ruz 200lla:16l-338. 101-429).

Date and Authorship of the Painting

Follorving thc approachcs of Balalla (1999, 2002a. 2002b.2008a. 200lib, and 2010), rvc bclicvc that considering u,hen the irtngct rs nrrdc and by rvhorn shoulcl bc thc tirst phasc in the snrd¡, ol-a docu-menl ofthis typc. This analllsis allows us to authenticate the sourcc and

to sel Llp lhc stucly ofthc contcnt. Bccausc of linttted space, we prcsent

olt1\' a surrrnary of this cxamination hcrc (also see Iluz 2006a).

'l'he illustrations of thc posscssiorrs are on 1he obverse and re-\ er5c olthc sarre sheet ofpaper th¿Lt fbrms thc prcviOusly rnenlioncd folios -10 ancl:11 ofthe clossier. Ihis sheet, which nrcasures 3 L5 by.13 cm,is inscrlcd at the beginning ol-1he gathering ofthc P1¿,¿¡o entre IsubelEt it-itt .t lV|uteo (lhintulfeu r/rlll (folios 39 to 66). I l.re paper is European. ibldcd approrimatelv in llilf (in.fblio) and rvith a u,alen.n¿rrk onthe hrllthat lbrms f . .1 I .

'l'he waternrark (tiu. i ) is fiorn thc firmily olthepilgrim (or-rnan) in a circle. Thc man wc¿lrs ¿r cro\vn antl carics a cane.

Thc lctlcrs "M.lA" appear ¡t thc bottom. and this usuall¡r inclicates the

initíals o1'the nriller or the ou,ncl olthc nrill.

THF. PINT(]RA DE I 1.'

Figurc --l . \\ ¡t;:::-.:,Photograph br : -.: ,,by thc arLtho:: . ','..:lhor.

Thc variant: ..- ::-

monly appear in \ les¡.:: ;1976; Kirchhofl 19i'r , .:-Hans Lclrz (1990t :na B:

tltcsc variations. all t r '.'.:

ttLry. Thc sarne \\ atL-rl:'..r. :,

lcrent watcnrarks in :-: :

sheets in the gatherir:,i T:.:dicates that the paintin_: .¡made because the p::.: :fore, it is also possr5..-::(painter) rvho c¡eatcd :.':'the sarne period as ih;: ,,:'

Wc conclude :1.: :

its curent place 1}om .ir!- :the paper used fbr th.- il.:r¡:ing pages (Ruz 10ltÉ,;r IPerhaps it u'as lt¡o:c rnsji:

'euo .reqlouuJo ued peuuo; .ro lueutnoop srql oplSuI ésoo¡ se.u 1t sdcqrc¿'ur¿uarun sr uoqrsocl leur8r-ro s¡ sutsáru sql (u991¡¿ zn¡) s¡3ed ñut-purloxns eqlJo lpqt uro{ luáléJ;rp sr suortertsrllll eql ro; prsn racled eql

3o uorlu.ucsr-rd-Jo Jluls Jq1:lsr.lÉ)Jq SuruutSecl cql ruor; alelcl lua.unc s1t

ur punoq tou se,\\ Suqured sq1 qtr.tr .r4.lq éqt n?ql rpnpuoJ cA\

'(9991) uone8r¡¡ eqt3o,{doc p.lr?p rrp.}o reqt su pollád oules crllr-uo.g ,{lpelqnopun sr .red¿d sq.l. uorlelsnllr 3qr perü3lr oq,n (la¡ued)olltnolJ ¿tfl o1 papr,ro.rcl se,tr ¡¡ded Jrp lllll elqrssod osle sr tI 'J.roJ

árérlJ'crrnos Jlues aql uro4 eulec ,{1qeqo:d:aded sql 3sneoeq Jpeul

sl:,n ,{doc er¡1 currl ctues Jql lu lsour¡e a:elcl ¡oot iurtuted cq} 1uq1 scltrotp

-ur lnoq8no:q1 ¡ec4u:pr sr ,rac{uc{ oql l?q} tJ¡J rqf iuuorpu8 arp ut slcoqs

reqlo eql uo:cedde dno:,S (u.;ru ro) ruui¡rd Jrp uI slrútrlláleilr luJlcJ-JIp o,trl puu'tg-ES sloeqs uo pJleJol osle sI rg¿uuJtnr\ luus aq,¡ ún¡-u53 qtr-¡oetYls oqlJo slpprul 3ql Luol.J al?p q3rq.\\.lo IIU'suolleue^ sscql

1o solclurerc ,{ucru ¡re ereql (i661) tcnbug pue (0661) zull suuH

,{q pc¡duroo csoqt se qrns 'sen3o¡e1er uI pu¿ (6861 .+.ioqqtll) :9¿61

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.,toql

-ne oq¡ ,{q qdujSotorl(l rfE -l uo ¡rrlrl¡.]e.\\ (¡ :rolltrlu ¡qt fqu,rurllc¿

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991 Nl7.l..)9,t, VSI1T VO S7NOIS7S^0¿ SYI E0 fUnJNLl AHI

¡qt solucrpur ,{¡lcnsn srqr ¡.'¡ufc ü s3LI.tllJ llult u \\oj¡ forp3o,{lrttn:1rqt rlrol-+ sl (iuo ).ll?ull01er\\ D LI]r \\ pult '-o.mg sr l:decl érl.L (99 .l)qt)sJ ).tJrt) r)J¿rl./ ¡Llt.l¡ ;

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'q200¿ 'u¿00¿ '666 l) r'ltr

3ur¡u¡u¿ aql

:o800¿ znll ms) Álratlorei .r

¡rur¡ rq puudm o1 tqinirs .

-uOC aputtt -rr4;i.!).t/(/.r .lllt I

-lno elcrurUll Jql {J}u¡s..l.isseoorcl crp3o ,{dol .-iLIl -.\ \i:ot Péprlap oJlsl{ lrlq 'Llos l,u pJJtll.loUUt?, r l ¡t tr'),,t. t.t o.) ?,-x¡ pJsrci ué3q é^uq 0t Ltr:ill.JO IJul áql o1 Jnp p.lillslr!--

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'pr.lrs ptquroq,\\ 'uos lcr¡ o1 pa;'u01..:

tvNdnol s:1¡ln.t \'¡.j

166 LATIN AMERICAN INDIAN LITERATURES JOURNAL

Figure 4. lnks ofthe Piltura de las Poscsiones.

ln thc analysis ofthe content, we will consider how closely thc paintingis rclated lo thc tcxt of thc lrrw'uit.

Analysis of the ink in the painting shows that lhe tlucttilowho crealed the representations of the possessions consistentlychose only one color. It has a dark black tone (1ig. 4), Ink A, whereasthe notations are rnade in sepia, Ink B. Additionally, sincc thcthickness olthe lines does not vary widely, it is evident that both thetlucuilo and the notary consistently used the same writinginstrument. A third ink, Ink C, appears in a small rnark in thcpainting.

Our analysis ofthe authorship olthe Pintttrct de las Posesionesfollows the methodology of Batalla (2002a.2002b, 2008a, and 2008b)in making the division between the Libro lndígena ("lndigenousBook," paintings) and the Libro Escrito Europeo ("Written EuropeanBook," texts), that we use in the study of the content (fig. 5). We empha-size that the tem Li.ltro Indígena refers to thc painted forms, which fol-low the convenlions ofpre-Hispanic pictorial writing. The ferm LibroEscrito Europeo signifies all texts that arc recorded in the European al-phabet. Accordingly, the latter includes information written in Spanishand in Nahuatl or other indigenous languagcs.

THF, PINTLRl DE 1.1.i ;

IInk

Libro

lndigen:

mInk

F{rñlp.4otF-:iú -'

l.or"J

L iir--

Eur.:: -

Figurc 5 ,:'Pin¡ut¿ ,i. .:, .I'act:Ltl

Becausc tl-.e -. i r:the notations thai rei:: ::the authors a¡e als.. l: -.hdígenl \\'ere cra::.-i :.Pintura cle /.1 Gr)r( .: : ..:can be seen in brr:: :¡rcpresenting indir jd,.:.: :

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,{q pel.reur sr Surtu,r áql ur ocuc:cJJlp sq1 eSenñue1 eql ut 8ur1u,n se,n

sq ,{lqrssod ruqt ¡urqt é.tr 'teqt Jo tunorrlr uO (e969¿ zn¿ ) ltenq¿N ur

u:¡utr luaru8er3 e ur cuo^lálul plp eq q8norple !ms.nu1 oq1;o fdor eql

rpuu or¡,tr frulou crlt lou sem stql I {uI posn eq put (¿ 3g) oarktutEot.t ,\'3 ü.tqt'l Jql-lo llr.. JloJ \\ üerou cuo,{¡tto rülll .\,\Jr \ Jno st ll

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oqt pole-nsnllr osle oq,tt. o¡tntn¡l cy1uts u fq ¡rc1eo:r tn,'r nttaBt¡ttr¡

uqry ¿LI! Jo seSeu;r cql 1eq1 uorurclo lno sI ll osle oie sroqlne eqt

teqt o¡quqo.rd Á1q3rq sr 1r 'lucrca3rp áre urJrll ot .la-+ér teqt suolletou áqlpuu suorssassod eq13o siu4ured a{l ul uco:^ slut éql ásnecJB

u1:t)¿ IDs'.t\'l ,\ t

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qsruedg ur uaur:i\\ uorleuu-p ueedorng eqt ur papro¡oJqtJ LUJJI ¡qJ Surtu.t lr-lo.+ rprq,r 'suuo¡ palute d :uqdura c¡1 (g 3U) lu¡ruo:

ucedorn g ue¡u¡¡..) o,rdr.,.,

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(q800¿ pulr'€800¿'q¡00¡s'2uo1fiso¿ sDl )p t). tiu t¿

árl1 ur lretll ll?Lus 1l ulñurlu,tr aruts Jqt p¡\neql rlloq leqt 1u3pr.\á sr tr 'otll árurs',{¡¡uuortrppyseáráqt\'V )ul '(¡ iq ¡ :ri.{llue}srsuor suorssassoiolln)nlt e\l luql s.\\oqs ;.

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Pintura de las posesiones Pintura de la genealogía

Figure 6. Comparison between the painlers oflhe P¡nlurq delas Posesiones ard lhe P¡ntura de la Genealogía.

believe it is significant that the fragment in Nahuatl is closed by a smallpen flourish.

We conclude that two tlacuilos made the copy: FranciscoMuñoz (Writer A), and a second person who copied a text in Nahuatland who additionally made the notations on the paintings (Writer B). Inthe Pintura de la Genealogíe arubi'c appears. The ink is very similar tothat of the not¿tions (Ruz 2006a), but we have detemined that the markwas made by the notary who validated the copy, Francisco Muñoz. Asin the rest ofthe sheets ofpaper, he included his rubric to indicate his in-volvement. It is possible that the Nahuatl notations were made by a no-tary or an indigenous apprentice who worked with Muñoz, since manypeople began this way in the profession. It is also possible that they werernade by Muñoz himselL Pethaps he wrote in a less cursive way whenhe ¡ecorded the language that was different flom Spanish. These con-siderations have led us to conclude that the paintings must have beencopies ofthe originals that accompanied the litigation (Ruz 2006a).

Finally, there is a mark on the Pintura de las Posesiones lhaldoes not conespond with the previous notaries' inks (see fig. 4) but per-

Te

INotations of thc drauings

(WritcrB)

TItil

^IHF, PINTT]RA DE L,4S I

haps with that of the pen<

Pintura de la Genealogía.pagination correspond to d

We have not been able towhich could be the sign of

Figure 7. \\ n:::g :-acco¡dine to ú¡ l:':--

This stud¡ of the ilows the thesis olDr. B¿=fundamental dir ision rall.tlacuilo. andthe Libro E:¡'ropean alphabet. His approferent, even contradicto+treat them independentlr r ,

The Libro Indígena

The Pitno'a de l¿.posed of a series of obi e;:bfolio.These ínclude the h

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lualuoJoJdolnq olucs'{ o:qr1 lp o1 Éurprocce

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'(e996¿ zn¡) uo¡eÉnr1

uaaq áêq lsnur s8uriured

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,{ueu c¡urs 'zounl1¡ qtr \\ p-ou e ,{q cpeur craa suouel-ur srq ál¿trpur o1 tuqru srq

sV zoqn t\l ocsnue:q'.ido.

IJeur cql lcql p¡u[ruelep ¡o1:elrurs ,{:a,r sr 1ur :q1 s.

uJ (g :r1F¡6) s8u¡urcd :qtIlenrlsN ur 1xc1 e p:rdol triocsroueJC :,{doc aqt apeu

lletus e ,{q pésolJ sr Itenqir\

.rti.t.r¡r.,.:

¿12 /r.r?l¡lla¡ ¡q1-+o sr.:.

utio¡u:ru.li u¡ .rp r-:

(g rclurr[)penqe¡ rn lucuÉeu

(vrctq,\\)]rns,{\€l ¡q1.}o lxclsEur,re:p rq11o suo4e¡o¡

'fue1ou u;o :o ]sr^qlle uu;o ufrs ¡q] Jq plnoJ qorq,r')reul eqlJo ecuelqru3rs lJ€xe rrll ,Qrluspr o1 álqp urrq lou rôrl aÂ'(egOg¿ znU) J ratp,4A 'rotnqutuoc pnqt )qt o¡ puodsc::oc uoqeur8udeql pue tueuolé slql lsql Trrql e,r 'rloJarrqJ ¡t1.J¡1¡¡t,t¡¡9 DI ¿p unbü¿srp ;o uoqeur8ud luas:ld sql cpeu oq,r uosrod aqt ;o teql qlr.,n sdeq

691 NIZJ)T,I VSNT gO SSNOISSSO¿ SY1 70 YUNJNI¿ ÁHJ-IVNUNOf S3HN.I\_H:

(g rclF^\)


that are placed at the top when the longest dimension ofthe paper is on-ented vertically (figs. 5 and 8). First we note that the forms were paintedaccording to canons very similar to those of other Central Mexican co-dices of the middle olthe sixteenth century. We observe that there is thescant use of color in the document. We have only two objects that werecolored with the same black ink that lhe tlacuilo used to dmw them.Possibly he tried to highlight some material characteristic, but we can-not identifu it. This absence ofother inks that are not black is also notsurprising, since this is very common in many codices with similar con-texts, such as fhe Códice de tributos de Coyoacán (Batalla 2002a). lnTable 1, we present the probable meanings ofobjects that we have iden-tified and list some of the Mesoamerican codices that provide similarexamples.

Attention should be given to two very significant elements:the absence olglyphs lor the names ofpeople and places, and, withthe possible exception ofthe flags shown in Table 1 on the bottomleft, the lack of numerical elements. With regard to this second point,we note that the mere repetition of similar objects also reflectsquantity. This procedure is used in many Mesoamerican codices toexpress amounts, and in some cases the methods are combined (forexample, in the Códice de tributos de Coyottcán). This is the flrstelement that causes us Írajor problems. Without glyphic identifica-tions of people and places, the Libro Indígena lacks infomationbeyond what can be seen, that is to say the objects and the heads oftwo unknown individuals.

We propose two explanations for this situation. On the onehand, we have the option of thinking that the document was createdwhile the indigenous and European writing systems coexisted andthat, therefore, the objects were painted first and the notations werewritten later. This would not be completely wrong, since at least inthe example of the litigation, we have seen how Mateo Chimalt-ecuhtli, who affirmed that he was unable to write, presented a letterin Nahuatl lo the corregidor. We can suppose, without too manyrisks, that we have the situation that Lockhart (1999:474-475) de-

THE PINTURA DE L1:

scribes, in which ar leasNahuatl existed in Cholthat in the decade ol rh.created there and u ith it(see Francisco Gonzále¡might think that the doc-rthat these were added lalthis painting. This seccwould not explain rr hr- tldirectly in Spanish. are i

The last quesrionshould be read. For rharproposed at the beginninthat there are onlr' ¡rr o inname Pintura de la-s posea representation of rhe larthe man and the rr omalfeminine. To dererminediscussion of ¡he Lihrrt .

supposc that ther are Is¿sibly her deceased husbanthat the figures represer:ipossessions they had uh:mation on the husband sr

According to the litigaiie-rsubmitted the case again.iofthc original made ar iheto Mateo. In conclusion. .

without external intbrma¡i

The Libro Escrito Europr

This discussion ofnotations in fhe Pintura ¿

possessions. Here ue nc-r

source. We must rememb€

leq1 puE rá]u,\\ 3uo ,{luo se,\\ eleql leqt reqluJruo.r lsnttt á^ o¡inoscql SuIpleSáJ sloádse lu-rJuc8 ollros elou o,{\ aJcH suorssássodáql ol poleláJ aJe leql sallrrlf'a;ôd ¡^nl 2p D.t|11uld aql uI suotlelouJrll ,{luo sleen oado.rng otu)sI o.tqt7 aLllJo UorssnJsrp srrlJ

sauorcasod sol ap Dtntul¿ ¿qL:oadq,trlfl ot!,tJsfl otqrl eqJ

'uorleuuoJul Ierxolxe lnoql.r,\\SuDured eql ure¡dre .{¡luese.rd lou uec e,{\ 'uorsrllcuoc ul oelstr^J olutepcd lq8rur 1r 'sseco.rd 1e8e1 aqlJo eurrl áqt te cpenr leur8r:o cqt.¡o,{doc u 1ou sr srqtJl 'rllrlnrclleulrql lotet\ lsureie esuc aq} páltluqnsáqs ucrl,r Surluled eq¡ pelueseld leqes¡ 'uorlu8rlr¡ rql ot Surplorcy'8ur¡ce1 sr 'qleop srrl ol ccuclo1ol e se qJns 'pueqsnq Jrll uo rrorlelu-.roJur lorprnJ 'Je,\o,,lroq iSur,lq se,lr ¡rl JIlq r\ puq Á:qt suorssessod

rql qlr,\\ rltrlnJet[erurq3 olqed pue leqes¡ lussa:dcr scrnS¡ eqt ]eqle¡qrssod sl 1r os¡y rltqnsrtl€urrrlJ olqud 'pueqsnq pasescap req ,{¡qrs

-sod .ro '1eqglsuJ uos lcq pue urzlr5E lrqúsl ole Áeql tuql esoddns

sr1 tál 'luJrrroru tql rc¿ oado.tng o]t-t)s7 o.tqry aL]il Jo uorssnJsrpoqt ]re,tru lsnlu o,r 'cre oldoed sséql orl,r euluueláp oJ. ourulul+pue eurlnJseu c-r€ s5q1ol3 cq] Jsnec3q uEuro.{\ eql puu usrll cqlqloc¡ o1 3uolcq 1aql s¡c.,ncIpue '.scrltolr lspupl eq11o uorlu¡uese:der e

¡ê []eleJdrolur oq plnoc Suqurud cq I'sauotsrso.! sDl )p D.rnlu td éLuELt

orl] ot sn pál rlcrq,r\'(u969¿ zn¿) sl¿npr^rpur o,,nl ,{¡uo árp oloqt leqlpue leeddu slcalqo snoue,r leql áás á^ SuruurSeq eql te pesodo-rd

su,\\ leql uor¡eueldxa áqt úro.U uedáp o,\\ lerlt roC 'peár oq plnoqsSurlun:d eql

^\oq sr éAIosel lslr{r o,,lt teql uorlssnb tsel eql

'IlenqeN ur cre 'qsrued5 ur fp:crrpuJllIJ,\\ uáoq oArlq plnol qorq,^\ 'suorletou crp,{q,r ure¡dxc 1ou plno,{\lr esnsJoq ,{¡o¡r¡ sse¡ sluees orJeuoos puoJ¡s snlJ Su4ured srq}

;o,{doc e prsn leql uorle8nll oql 3uur1p'rélel prppe éro,r\ ásáqt teqlpue suorl€lou lnoqlr.,"t pollrulqns se,r ]uerunrop crp 1pql lulql lq8rur,r\ rpueq láqto aql uO (2661 ollrsouucH-zolgzuol¡ ocsrcuer¡ ccs),{:e1ou3o 1eq1 se qsns socq.Jo luclJ.+.+rp culec ¡ q¡r\ pue áJerlt pcl¿clJsp,ft\ _topl!qD) snoucSrpur lsrg orlt sorurrlt cql Jo opecep oql ur teqlJequr3uréi o1 fressacau sr lJ omr] oql lB elnloqJ ur polslyo Itenq€Nut 8u¡u,tr 3o alqednc se,tr oq,n,{re1ou cuo tseJl lo ilJrq,& ul'sequcs

ILI NIZJ)E] YSINT ZC] SgNOISqSO¿ SV1 EO ?HN,I.NI¿ ÁH.1,

-¿p GLt-t Li:6661 ) ueqr.,{u¿ru ool 1noq1r,tr 'rsoddrraltál e peluoseld 'atr¡.t ol-lleurrqJ oolet\ aorl u¡aur ]seél lr? ecuts '8uo;,t i¡;Jre,r suorlelou oql pue lslpue pálsrxáoc sru¡ls,{s iupeluajr sÍr,r lusrunJop ¡rl1

áuo oql uo uoll¿nlls srql

Jo sperq cql pue srrelqo auortBLUloJuI s¡ce1 lrr.;;i¡r-eJurluopr rrqd.{13 tnoqrt ,

lslq oql sI srql (¿1r.r¡ro.t¿

ro.]) pcurquroJ ele spoqt¡rol s0clpoc ur,ra rJérr9o s ¡ I \slréuoJ osle slralqo relIr'lurod puoJos srql ot preñ:.uo oq eqt uo I rlqel ur

qtr.{\ 'pus 'seruld pue aldo:sluJtuelá luecgtuirs .üe r

re¡nurs epr,tord lerp séJrpLr

-uopr oêq e,r teql st¡¡lqo-Iul '(e200¿ elleleg) ,r.rro.l-uoJ ielrurrs qtt,tt s:crpor ir

tou oslE sr Iaelq tou ere lrx-ueo 0,r\ lnq 'cnsLlolcBJEq-r

'uloql .'\\€Jp ol pesn tl1i,?.)rr,

are,tr 1eq1 slcelqo o,ru ,i1uo ,

eq] sI 0J0ql lPq] e^lJsqo ¡.\\-o3 ueJrxohJ IP,lIráJ r¡qlo.pelured ere,n suuo-+ aqt l[rll-Fo sr :eded sqt30 uolsueui

IVNHNOI SEdN.LYd:


Table l.Interpretation ofthe Possessions of Mateo

Chimaltecuhtli and Luisa Yectzin in the Líbro Indígena.

THE PINTURA DE LA:

lnterpretariChimaltecuhtli arl

Objects of theLibro Indígena

Examples in otherMesoamerican

Codices

Reading

qt'".t'qE g)

a

Pesos i¡:Códice Osuna (f.25r)Códíce Kingsborough(.3 2 r)

Four pesoJ? Also, theymight be hangers orshields.One peso

ffi F:l

FE;¡E?g

Blankets inCódice deTríbutos deCoyoacán

Seve¡ blankets

Man carrying a Ieatherblanket in CódiceTellerano-Remen:ít

A leather blanket

Cargas de blankets inCódíce Mendoza(f.21v) A bale ofblankets

Huipíl tnCódice Mendoza

A hu¡pil

Códice Osuna (f.37 r) A shirt

Objects oftheLibro Indígena

-dgcErEa|.

(

(II(

r'---l:-,-_D

(tJ

/t &(-t(1

\.) rt

qil qC

(l

¿ .{txlsJ LI'J )

t)zopu¿ht 1l)o)h !t¿,

cIcru?Lu e puP uettlo,\\ v

(.\99I )

UOI)Ull:^r'Dl-tDJl't)ltlt)l ¿P ¿)1po )

dlCIJ \'l

spu?l uaJ(.t9t-.\9 | J)LuzlD,)ZO) A)tPO )

'- I ---l l-----r

Ii

,\\e[ ,$elr ol8ce uVJe8urrlV

seuots 3rq JnoC

SOIIOJS

0tJo llrnoss€ uv

llol)?outl.!DW 2p ''D.iof

sD7(¡6 ¡) t¡,3notoqsEuty

lpo)(r¿ t J)

t)zoPu2N ¿)t po.)

Jl-rü

ñaró ^

sresnor.lolzul-) ap ¿Jlpo)iil i!: l

iu!pEad

saJlpoJuBJrJarüBosalt

raq¡o ur sa¡druuxgnuaS¡pu¡ otqtTaq¡ ¡o s¡re[q6

tr lrls v

sl¡lrrulqjo .leq \

l¡luPlq r.qle¡LY

slaIu¿lq u¡ \¡s

osad ¡uO'spl¡ I q s

ro sroBueq ¡q tqiILu,{¡q} 'oslV ¿,tnsrd lno:l

Surp¿a¡I

'oua8tpuJ o.rqr7 etll ur ulztJ3 llsntl pu€ rllqntallEullqJoat?t\ Jo suorssessod eql3o uorlela-rd:a1uJ

'I alqsJ

TLI NIZJ)qT. YSNT SO SqNOISESO,] SY7 SO 1HNJNI] AHI

'ouaBtpu¡ otqry ar

oalPl,^l.+o si

IVNENOf SEdNIYU

]74 LATIN AMERICAN INDIAN LITERATURES.IOURNAL

individual added the glosses using the scpia ink that we previously re-lered to as Ink l3 (see fig.4). The text is gcncrally in Nahuatl althoughtherc ¡r'c ser el al loans fr om Spanish for European objects, such as pe-sos 'or /oilllcr " for ELrropeln coins. Some ofthese notations are nearthc depictions ofthe items, on 11 40r, and others appear on f. 42v (fig. 5).

Conceming the use olthc languagc, we point out the fi'equentoccuffeÍlce ol the sullix -tetl affer numbcrs in Nahuatl. This isnotewoÍhy bccause it is especially used lor recording round thingsancl" as wc will see, in some cases it ref'ers to objccts like ftuipile,r'r5orbJankets; bu1 i1 is not conipletely unusual. Michel Lar"rney (l9t)2:67)inclicates that:

/cll "piedra" se etr.tplea originalmente para contar objetosrrás o menos redondos, por ejemplo ccntctl tomatl "untonrate" Pero en la época clhsica su empleo se

extenclía a cualquier objcto rnatcrial: etetl calli "tl'csc ilsils

Finally, we observe that in some cascs the deterioration olthe papcr has prevented us 1l'onr reading notations rvith clarity.Somelinres parts wcrc abscnt and in other cascs, the page was fblded.Since the papcr allowcd some manipulation, we wele occasionallyablc to srrelch it, but in mirny instances this was not possible due tothe serious risk this would pose. Perhaps if restoration rvork wcredone. it might be possible to rccovcr portions of the missing text.

Ncxt we examine the palcography ancl thc translation ol thenotalions in Nahuatl, tirst to Spanish and thcn to English. Thenotations in Figure 8 are numbcrcd so that thc tcxt can be fbllowed.In the palcography, the original spelling has been nraintained, butwith separations of the worcls lor tl.rcir latcr translation. l'he Lerr initalics is transcribcd wiLh the complction ofabbrcviations in bracketsand rvithout italics. Con'ected letters appcar in parentheses and initalics, and we record thosc entries that tnight exist but are uucerLainclue to deterioration olthe paper rvithout ilalics. Lines ofperiods (...)indicate the cascs where reconstrulction has not been possible. Thccontinualions of lines are indicatcd by an oblique bar. Finally, wcindicúe caltlerr¡¡ra.rr7 in the lollowing line rvay: ltulrlerónl. For the

THF, PINTL'R.1 DE I :\

t_';r_---.--.-.-__-_

J-.-.---..-_/ir-l

i

l,'r.,_-?'--5-.5-.5a-:--:-:

Figur.'S. \::::. :, :

iitg to thc L::: :.--

"ó

"' :i:' :('.\',

N}

'o¡doJnq otrJ¡sg orqt'l cqt ot Fur-pJo3c]? ¡r¿ro¡srioJ sDl ¿p D.ollul¿ aql Jo suorlr?lorruv 8 crn6rj

|t4r)\ rtrtt tt\rtlt tl\^ t,l

li\

,lDDN

\rt \tlrta rlt,ltt: t \1

eql ro¿ [u%aplD,r] :Áe.\\ :

o.,rr ',{llsurC :uq anbrlqo r

aqJ slqlssod uáoq lou se

(" ) spotred3o sáurl sJrleureuecun oru lnq lsrxe tqiuI pue sosoqluálsd ur :easlelJelq ur suorlur\3lqq¿.1ur 1x01 eqJ uorlúlsuell J¡lnq 'pJuretun,rlu ueeq seq'pa,rolloJ e q ueJ lxát ]rll loq¿ 'r¡sr18ug ol u¡qt pueqt Jo uonelsu€.rl eql pue

'1xc1 Surssrur oqt.Jo suo3J:l,r lJO,{\ UOrlelOlSal -Ir

.

o1 enp o¡qrssod lou sB.\\ sr

,,{¡leuorsecco rrJ,r e,\\ 'uo'pep¡o.¡ se,tr r8ed oqt 'sasr:',{1uc1c rpl,'n suorlelou ir.IO UOrlBrOIJolop 0rl1 s¡suu

sort.. rllEJ I1:la:lrlcs oe¡dure n:- u:rslun,. llErllol ilJtu¡¡

(

solelqo reluoc ertd.

Qg:ZOAI) feunel laqcr¡1Josrsaldlml á:¡Il slJe iqo ols8urql punoJ Surplocer ro-.

sr sqJ IlenqEN ur sl¡qrluenba:¡ cql lno lurod ¡.\\ ;

'(9 3II) ,^¿¡ I uo:e¡dde s:¡rl]cu eje suoDelou esoqt.Io ied se qrns 'slreiqo ue:donq8noq¡e ltenqeN ur Íller¡u-:r: ,{lsnor,tard e,t leql IUr r

IYNUNOI SSUNI\}]

\ar'!)'l

"v

l---+ tt) Itt\tnr¡'rl)rtt)tt\rtt"t¡t r'\h"' 'l

/illI ll I I l, ,'l - r-___-___l I lll rE\-Err::__ 1:J :_ _ ¡_-

9LI

¡r\'ttt rtttrttlt lrtt't\r | -l

"'/",,,, i tr i

rrr '1,. '. !

- -L_l ' lt"t,rtru¡,t,lrt¡ tttti t

NIZJ)g,I YSIN] gO STNOISISO4 SY7 7O YANJNI¿ AHL


translation of the texts in Nahuatl, we have used the dictionaries byFray Alonso de Molina (2001) and Rémi Siméon ( 1999) andgrammars such as that of Michel Launey (1992). We have also reliedon other dictionaries, including that of the Real Academia de laLengua Española.'8 The translation f¡om Nahmtl to Spanish andEnglish follows.

1,. (L)uisa yec(tzin)

2. ma(theo Ma)chan

3. cueytl chiquagen plesfos ypatiuh mochí / yhuan nahui/ofmine]s huan medio-Falda seis pesos su precio todo ycuatro tomines y medio.Skirt six pesos its price everything and four and a halftomines.

4. matlactetl tlapat¡ . . .-Dtez manfas.Ten blankets.

5. yzcatqui yn quauhtepec cuemitl ge[n] mecatl / ytech pouhquiynpablo quauhtlahtouah He aquí una tiena labrada en

Quauhtepec que mide un mecatl ("cuerda" o "soga"; "conpropiedad de" o"lo dono a"; Reyes 1988:115, doc. 306) Pablo

Quauhtlahtouah.I have here a land worked in Quauhtepec that measures a mecatl("rope") ("with propefty of' or "I donate it to"; Reyes1988:115, doc. 306) Pablo Quauhtlahtouah.

6. yzcatqui ynquauhtepec cuemitl ge[n]mecatl / ytech polthquiynsantoual He aquí una tierra de un mecatl en Quauhtepec("con propiedad de" o"lo dono a"; Reyes 1988:115, doc.306)Santoval.I have here a land worked tn Quauhtepec that measures a

mecatl ("rope," "with property ofl' or "l donate it to"; Reyes1988:1 15, doc. 306) Santoval.

7 . vipíli gentetl-Un huipil.A huipil.

THE PINTURA DE LlS

8. gentetl tlapachiuhccA cove¡let.

9. matlactetl (... ) rdatTen zaraa¿elas-toThe second g-ord ofrinterpret, since u-e l

Castilian lan,euageprevious anal¡'sis oflollowing conclusioteverything seems roaccompanies x hattrousers. James Loctoftrousers that is nrlhe zargüelles. One oto zaragüelles is rJrc

badiy made" 1m¡' tnmight have a variatithis annotation.

10. . .. Chicuete¡l rn cttEight lands.

11. .. . ctetl camLratli-Ten shirts.We think that rhe iftWe believe this becarand also it parallels d

12. onpohuali chalchiuttes.

Ftfty chalchihuites-i

13. qentetl co;tic mina:One coin (peso) of m

14. gentetl ayopali yechcon chalchihuites.An amethyst? u'ith c

'rpdoÍn LLUé| eql uretél é l\\'satrnqt\)1o4, rlll,r\ ¿ts,{qlárue uV'sJlInrllqtleqc uol

¿ulsrt¿rue? eun ? l lnry)pq) nbnt(z:t) ¡ 4ta¡,i r¡ndo,in ¡tattrñ ¡1

'p1o8 peurur;o 1osar1) uroc eu6'seuru ep o.ro ap (osed un) epcuolu €ufl ;^nlnut / )qzot pflua) lI

,,- s a l n q u ¡,t ¡o t¡,t f,!¡1 ¿

s31

-mrlrrlJleq. E:tuárlcur3-r1,?r, qt)Lu uo tl pttplDq rpnqoduo'71

'srosnorl aql.+o p.roco.r eqt s1a¡¡e.red 1r osle pue

ps,uescrd c:e 1eq] srollol éql rl1r,r\ slU tr ¡sncoáq srql eêlláq oÂ

,,'u'x¡,. 'ltdDDllDul oq plnoo pro,tr e1e¡druoour eqt leql lulqt éA\'surqs uáJ

'susrurec ¿zarq')- r ¡¡nrturD) lpt.) 'II

'spue1 tq8tg'sellell orlJo / JluDlD LLt IJalatl.)ltD '' ' 'oI

'uollelouue srql

ut 'sDptDtt.tDz se uáUrJM iplo.4\ slql Jo uorler-Ir?A e e,tzq lqitutair teql r^3rl3q e,^\ 'eloJololll (uorlelsuelt ,{ut) ,,epeur f¡peqpue slásno4 3uo¡ 'peorq,{:e,r.,, :iur,mo11o3 Jqt sr r.r77.r¿,1¡.¡t77 61

sctnquluot EV¿C oql teqt suoDlugrp arltJo ¡uO 'sa7¡an8.tnz sqlsr senrleN oql Suoute pJSn Surcq s¿ peuortuolu sI leql srosnoJtJoed,{11srrl cq11eql so^lcsqo (ESZ:OOOt) ueq¡ro-1 sru-lpf srrsnortse ¡oog snouc8rpu¡ arp ur ,{;rluepr c,\\ lsq,\\ s¡ruudruoc¡euorl¿louue f,qJ 'pro^r u Jo puo éql eleJrpur ol sru¡es 8utq1,{:s.te'.raded :ql .+o uorleJouolJp cqt o¡ en6 uolsnlruoJ Sut,tro¡1o3

áql 01 áLuoc eêq e,tr 'nua8tpu¡ orqrj erll Jo sts,{1eue snor,tsrder¡ uo 8ur1se¿ 'lxcluo¡ srrll ur slr] tpqt cñun8ue¡ ueIIItsBJoql ur p-ro,{\ :e¡ruus Áuu purloJ lou áAeq ¡'tt ccuts '1a:drclutol llncu.+rp eJoru sr'SDPtDD) 'uorlulouu? érltJo plo,\\ puoccs cqI

()t sDPtl)ü.tDz u¿L'sElénceJrlz zárc "^n¡atttu ¡( ) ual)DuDtu '6

'15F Ô3 V

'rouoqoc u¡ ¡toÍnttln ttltt:clnp paluñ g

LLL NIZ.l.)gI YSInT gO SVNOISTsÔd SV1 ?A YA1JNI¿ AHL

se,{e¡ 1,,o1 lr átuuop J.. rou sálnsealu letll tadalt¡nt

(90e rop'SI I :8861 s: i:¡cedelqnunf uá lleJeru un

tnl:tptod t¡tat,i ,, ¡lntau [tt.qenolqel

sa,{c¿ i.,o1 :}I oleuop 1..

llLDarn e sr:nseeru leqt rad,

olqnd (90[ cop '9t I:8861uoc,, i,,u3os,, o .,epien¡..ué ¿peJqel ercll r?url lrmbt¡nod t¡ta1,( 1 ¡yttaut [u j

's

JIeq € pue lno3 pue iur

,{ opol orrard ns sosad:utqnu unnt¡i / tq)out U

pue qsruedg ot ltúnqe\ i

el áp eruepe¡v leex éqr

porler osle oêq e1\\ (;66 1

pue (6661) uootxrs rLU¡

fq seueuorlcrp oql pésn e

tvNunof sEun-L\-u

I78 LATIN AMERICAN INDIAN LITERA'I'URES JOURNAL

Wc h¿rve not found this I'o¡d in Molina (2001), but in Simóon(1999). The latter dct'ines it as "color bctween violet andorange" (my translation) and indicatcs thal it can bc a wordcomposcd by uvotl, "gourd." l.tld pulli (Simóon 1999:19).Molina (2001:79) deflncs this seconcl tenl as "black mucl rod)'c the clothes" (my translation). Sirréon ( 1999:371) givesother dctails. "color, black dyc; the womcn used it principallyto dyc the hair" (my translation). This is takcn fiour FrayBenrardino de Sahagún but docs not hclp us understand theword. Noting that latcr it rel-ers lo thulthihuites, wc can thinkabout sorne noun that lits into this context. Wc find somcwords that contain similarities with o)'opuli. F ot' example,Molina (2001 :3v) r.nentions aw4tulteuík¡tl, "anrethyst, Itrc-cior-rs stone" (rny translation). Amethyst, according to theDRAE, is "transparent quartz. dyccl by rnanganese oxide, ofrrorc or less heightcned vlolet color. lt is used as a llne(serni-prccious'l) stone" (my translation). Therefore, it seernsthat the root can pertain to thc violc t co)or. uwt¡tolí. Curious l¡r.leu ilotl is tran slated as "crystal, or glass" (Molina 200 I : I I 2r;rny translation). Therefore, the lcl-crencc ntight be to thisstonc, althoLlgh wc cannot say that delinitively.

15. ltalderónl ontetl nuttc teLoll Dos brazaletes.Two bracelets.

16. qentlanenteliuey'ot / tilnutli Una carga de mantas largas.A load of long blankcts.

)7. [coldarónJ noulttefl nttuflavocatl Cuatro taparrabosFour loincloths.A noun trppears in this notation th¿it is rather conrplicatcdbccause it does not appcar in any of the dictionaries that wcused. Wc suppose that it pertains to a word composcd oin rtlú(ll) and yuccrtl. Molina (1999:54v) translatcs it as"loincloths. or sintilar thing" (rny translation) and Sintéon(1999:267) says "girdle, loinclotl.r or broad band thar coesdown to the thighs ¿rnd covcrs nakedness" (n.ry translation).Yutatl is nose or tip (Molina 1999:30v1 Sin.róon I999:1571.

THE P]NTUIIA DE L.1:

-fherefbre. thc u rr¡tcrms. Wc ntishl l.t¿.

thc nosc as a h¿ltlikclothing cho jc..: ',r ,

Europcan clorhcs "Maybe uc ,should :ithe usc that could !r

18. E.r' lt pi I i p,tr ro i L1 ;,.; - :

Althou-sh rhc :h..¡:had an i 1l Lr

-s r r:: : ..::

1['entv Llnils I i]i,- :-

ref'crs ls l)dtt, ,.:. .."slnall cuncn¡... -colt.llloclin ' ir '. :

Clavi¡cro i.t¡t d r,. -. :'.

indicatcs th¡i :::. ..blankcrs ol e ,r::.:: :

cntilc]v 1c¡ a¡.:-. ::I 99 i :216: nrr, ::.:rr r .

19. )etetl ( lt.tlL \::...una csllcra Id¡.Thrcc r'l¡¿1¿ l¡:,: . :,

20. qertfetl quthu

First. uc h¡r -. ::::Matco Machan. Sc-.r,i:J..the cluantitics of .-ach :::.: .our opinion thi! ts::.:r:orvncd. Wc- can cl;,.¡t.. ::-.

and latcr llrake ctnr..,-. -

l'hc ca lc-qorir.s a¡r. :

. Clothcs: a sktr:.,,.fbur loinc itrll. Tr:$¡ilh tltc !.\!-!':r::, :.

,iuo¡ e o,teq c,{\ 'leql ,roC urIS ¡ql.Jo uoltdoJx3 3i{t qtt\\paluJrpur cre ucqlJo ¡e-1o scrlrluenb éql sqlolJulol ino.]

prru 'slrrqs uol'slosrlorlJo srred uc1 '¡rdtn4 e 't.llIs o :sJrltolJ .

:élB seuotole¡ Jqf'nua8ryu¡ o.tqrJ r\I ur uorrl[ro-]ur rl¡i\\ suosl.redLuoJ 3lcur rátel pue

senle^ lrorll cuTru-lclop ot l.p.lo Llr slJJlqo Jql (;tsse¡r uc: ¡A\ 'p¡u,tro

qtoq .{oqt 1cq1 suotsscssocl ¡ql -}o uollu'lu3séld¡r c st srql uorulckl ,n1o

uJ slullpr^rpur o,\\l Jql o1 pJtnlJ.l cq ot sur33s leql qJee-lo sorlrlucnb rq]q¡^\ spuel pue slJolqoJo 1sr1 3uo1 e sr clcq]'{lpuocag uuqr¿t\ ortl?hJ

pue utzl¡e¡ esrnl 'suos-rcd o,\\l -+o sJruuu árlt J.\eq é^\ 'lslC

.V'''" u1l l )lnrytlnb F)|t!)) 0Z

'plr?rJlrrs LrE's ) I L n q I Lt.) | D L!) xatqJ-'IlplsléLtls¡ eu.l

'solrnrlrqJleqr sat; tltzttln:¡/)nh ¡ta¡ua.1 tlJqntq)ll)tp lpt).r' 6l

'(uonPIsulr.tl .iut :9 g¿: 166 I

orohrll13) ,prpocu frqt tcqt spooi aqi ¡rtnb:¡e ol ilo,ulualsolulr? pcsn 't ¡lt¡:tntt::¡otrttf pc1lcr Ácqi trrlt uoltoJ -+o sto¡ul?lq

III;LUS urpllJJ :r:l,t ,{:ucrnc 3o purl puoJJs ¡tp.. t¿Lll sJtcJlputag loclqo srqt Surpru8 turq pJUnsuor ¡ \eq J\\ pue o.r:it,tuI3iorûf oJsrJnr?lJ 01 s.rJ.JJ,r JH {rrorlL-l\ur-lt iLLLI ..,$tpouLLuoce ro3 ,{ed ol pe^los rlJrq,tr 'si¡qL+ Lrt-r11o-r 'ir¡-r¡¡1¡ 11¡¡¡¡5,,se tI sotllsuu.lt (¿¿E:OO6t) uo¡LurS 11.¿r1.r/.)/ll1o¡r;c7 st sra.¡er

flrluenb srqt qlq.i\\ ol tcofqo eql'pe.uosud elp (strun ftua,!\t3u¡errpur suo qrua) s8u¡p serqt {¡uo pur uoll?.usr1llI ue perlleq 1q3nu leql tueurier¡ ¿ tsol ssq i¡ded.+o t33rls cqt qñnoqllv

-¡-uuonLleclsüpauoul utuasas rTttpnnh¡otnd t¡rdtl^l'gl

'lcclqo qcee ot ue,rr¡- eq plnoc l¿qt esn ¡qlpue .,irnxn¡ ro sBr'¡sard 1o sulrol ur tr .+o Iurql plnoqs e,\\ éq,{et\J'pa1u:rldruoc sl uortelsuelt ¡ql recdde osl€ serllolJ rncdo:ngá¡urs lnq'uorldo lsrg Jql asooqo plno.\\ J^\ sarroq:8un¡o¡rctucdsrg -o.rd eq1 urqll¡¡ Ire^ e ro Jonl¡i¡Ipuuq e se csou ¡qlo1 peluler Surrpouos lo qtolJluol.]o cdÁ1 ec,ruqlq8rulcÂ srurolqlocl ol p51e[5] 0q plnorl¡^ oêq ¡\\ ]l'tll plo\\ Jtll '0.1o.+JlJrlJ

6LI NIZJ,)ZI, YSIN] 7O SlNOISZSO¿ SY1 EC] VHN.I,NI¿ ZHI

'(¿E I:6661 uoeLUrS : \0t:'(uo r1ulsutr:1 .{ur) ..ssaup-.seo8 lr:qi pueq p8olq l()uo¡uls puu ( uorl8lsuellse lI sel¿lsulr.U ( \ii!:ól¡t3o pesoduroo pro,\\ u ol0,r leqt sér.ruuorlJrp ¡q1 -I\pole¡IlduoJ Jaqt€l sr lr:q

soqe.uedr:1 ollr:n¡

'seSrel setuBru áp ¿;l¡.1 i

'setelezcrq s.

',{¡e.lururl:p

-srql oi eq ir¡8rur eru-rr:¡:rZ I I : I 002 uur1o1,^¡) ..ssr1;',{¡snot:rr¡ i¡rr1r,,,r)r':o1ors[lees lr '0roJoleql (uor1i

ául+ E Sll pJsl] SI 1l irrlrJo 'oprxo eseueiutsur .iq Iáql ol Sulplolll? ']s.iq1¡u-'erd'1s,{q1aure,,' ll o I I }1,. I i :

'e¡durcx:r to¿ 'tpttlo.b t1t

oruos purJ 0¡A lx¡luo¡ s

Iulql treJ et\\ 's'Jt n414.)lPtt

aql puelsropurl sn dl¡q I,),{erg ruor; uclcl sr siqf,{1¡edtcuud 1r pJSn u¡Lrro \\so,tr8 (1¿g:666 1 ) uo¡turq01 prlLu IJulq.. su rtllal pLr,

'(61:6661 uoaurr5) r¿r.;pJo,\\ e 3q uúr 1r luL{l s¡tilpue l0lol^ tléá.AuJq iol(¡¡uoéulrs ur q '( 100¡) uüi,

IVNTNOI SSUN.LYH]


annotation that gives r.rs a price: sixpeso.land four and a halffomines.

. Blankets and coins: a covcrlct, tcn blankets (tlupatifli'), a

load of blankcts (tlilmatli) and sixty small blankets of cotton(putolquachtli). Additionally, a minted coin appears.

. Jewcls: th¿tlt'hilut ites and an ernerald. two ór¿¿r'e1ef.r and an

amcthyst with cha lthihuite.s.

. Lands: There is a total oflen pieces, withoul speciflc dimen-sions.

The record does not indicate either its purpose or the context inwhich it was creatcd. Thc third notrtion mentions a price: six ¡csos andfour and a half ¡¿.¡rlirr,.s. Ilthe gloss refers only to the skirt, the amountmay bc a bit high, and it rnight be r-elated to other objects ofthe paintingor to labric. The document could be an inventory to appraise the objects,but we do not have additional monetary valuations. Because ofthe typesof objects shown, it rrright also bc Ír lext rclated to inhcritancc.

Joint Study oftheLíbro Indígenü and the Libro Escrito Europeo

Now that we havc rcvicwed the content ol both Lil¡ru¡s (Libn¡Intlígenu and Libro Escrito Euro¡teo) the time has come to assemble theinlormation that they conhibute to see il they agree and cletcn¡inewhich aspects still need cxplanation. For that, in Table 2 we comparethe collected intbnr.ration that more or less incorporates the catcgoricsof thc separate cascs.

Wc sce that there are sevcral paragraphs in rvhich the infbnr.ra-tion that appcars in each line of contcnt is not identical. In nany cases,wc have objccts that appear in dilfcrcnt scctions, lor example, fbur loin-cloths of thc Ziór¿.¡ Escrito Euro¡teo that appear in the other column as

blankets. In others the quantity has increased; in Ihe Lil;ro Escrito

THE PL\'rt Ri ¡: ,:_.

Era oTreo u.- har ,-- :!-:: r:--:thelcss. there arc-,ti: r.i -.:For exarnple. \\ a ¡!-J-:- - ::the Lihx¡ Inti;g.,;.;. - ' .corlplcrlentan . _:t.:::-: : .

pear. \\rith relarc :. '.:: .r..

Ittdígettu \\!- Lrn.\ a ) lJ:rcpresentation rri:r J i J -.in tl.re liñ¡2, E¡. ¡-.': :: ,

llames of thc- rr'¡':--:.

Table 2. Comparir,:,n,,,

Catcgorl Lihrt, In¿::, -.:

Ci¡ cu larobjccts L : - -:

,' i: :

Clothcs S::'_l:,_

:-: --

Lrtnds

.lcu,cls

Sr::::: : :

1 ,- -

.\n.',: - --

.1.,,...

- -,.:-.

. IllLr:: I '

Pconlc' \r.Othcr .\ lj.itcms Th¡..::1.-.

The nc\r J,*i-- ]:: -give a combinc-tl r..r- :decidc rvhich oi:]:!-l: : .,.

e,\^ 'orolru3q r.rc clqurlsr lsolu st soJqll o,rl oseql -+o rlJq,\\ eprJép01 llnrr]-Irp sr lJ suorl.rs luJlrursop JqlJo Surpeer pJurqruoJ u a^r801 pé^\ollol cq lsnu uoneu-uo+ur leq,\\ sr uorls3nb lxou oql

oJLt.)¡^E o-tqll eql uI :p¡sllsP utttnlo3 JJqlo ¡ql ur .r¿¡d

-urol rnoJ 'eldluPxJ ro-J 'su0r

'scsr?J ,{uPru uJ l€Jnu¡pr lol-eruoJLlr erll qJrq,\\ ur srldt-

sauo8eluc áql selúlodroJuroJedluoJ é\\ ¿ olqe.L ur 'rrrr

euruuo:lop púe oerñe ,i¡qreql alquréssE ot áLrroJ snr{ ¡Lo.tg17) sorqrl qtoq lo lu¡1u

oado,tng oil.tJsE (aql

'Jour,lluáqur ol p¡1x

sod,{leqtJoesneJeB suousr

'stJalqo áqt ésru.ldde or ñorr3u¡urud arplo slcelqo :aqr.r

Iunotue eql 'ur)s aql ot ilut¡lrre sosad xrs :¡cLrd ¿ suouu

ur 1x¡luoJ crp ro asod:nd str

-ucllrrp sr;roáds lnoqlr \\ 's

ue puu slt/a,rD./¿1 o^u pli

'sruadclu uroJ p¡tLuo¡ot Jo s1a1uulq 11urus i

e 'Qpundnp) slrlullc

JIcq ¡? pu€ rnol pue sosaa'r

rvNUnof sEuntr-ul

..( ) Ílrlunb,, unp¡oñ peurur.¡o (os¡d) r¡roJ cuo

sñr:¡1 cc.rq1

oscd yt¡etu v

uutlro.\\ v

stlralrrcqlO

rldor¿urqcel J ocl?l^J

olzlccÁ Dsrnl

sl¡l¡¡ll.¡q o^\.1_

s¿ t nt Ll t q )¡ D rl ) q1r,u ls,{qlcun uyplEJcrnc uY

s aJ I ¡1 q I ¡1.) I D I,) "7ttll st¡tn4np¡n4t Á¡trt11,

spllr"'l ]rlnriucru o,t1 1o f¡rcdo.rdlo sooord o,r1

sqloloulol lllo¡IJIIS

si¡snoJl ucfsl.llrls rr¡I

LlDlu \!

s-+ I lorlr,,eFouro pos,tl,rcr,, o.n J_

a'c¡ l¡ir:r uyIu¡pLr¡d V

(spP¡q) rr7¡nl¡l ¡;.¡rl tq,r.rr7 ¡g jo iL[.u5

S I¡,\\J I

sPrnll spL¡el u¡ l

s.l¡s 11Ll,t-L

u !qs

sso.¡J LJil.\\ sJla.lr.)

(sassolll oattitnv o1tt"tj o.tq,1 6¿3luu) DuaElpul o,tqry

s¡q1ol")

sll lqoruinc,rr J

i;oir¡u3

'sluolllnrop qloq Jo uorlurrJoJur aql Jo uoslr¿drrroJ 'z alq¿I

stJJfqo ¡rll Jo s3[rl]U

lu3-rgJrp oql ueql luesgruSrs eJour nsAJ sr ostfut-tttl o¡1.!)s7 o,tqt'I 3Ll7 ur

ssrlt¡uenb oql ur ssBol¡ur erll'olo-]J3qJ sltlsruála áqt-+o uorlEluesordc.loqt pue sqd{13 8urÁjnuenb oq ol :^8BU Jr0,rJprslrof, ,{¡uo r,n Dila.3rl 7orqll aLIl uI ]eql ráqutétrráJ tsrlur o^\ 'sollrtuonb aqt ot p,reir,r rltr¡r\ ']tsad

-de leql sc:nFg luculurord qtoq.lo séureu éql 8ur^rB 'rüe¡raruelclruocsr uort¿Lruojur aLll 'o)do. tE oll,DSE o.tqtl at¡t n1 'nuaStpu¡ o.qll eLI]

uI lllcco lou op sooeld pue eldoáci ro.] sqd,{13 tew IleJel 3,\\ 'rl.llucye roC'-lcqlo qrtc lucufolduror ro eelSe lerll sluánrolo Jcqlo eJs JJsql'sséléql-.te,te¡ (ctto ,{Jrro 'nuaBtptr¡ o,tqrt eql ur pu¿ sUrqs tral treqJ,.l. oado.utT

I8I NIZJ)Z,\ ÍlSIN1 70 STNOISTSO¿ Sf/1 gO VANJNI¿ AHL

1I]2 LATIN AMERICAN INDIAN LITERATURES.IOURNAT-

must supposc that depending on rvho is thc readcr, the inibrnrationthat hc receives will be diiterent. Hence. we bclicve it is ncccssary toconsidcr thc context ol the documcnt and fbr wholn it u¡sintendcd. We can assume thal the recipient is thc Spanish or indig-cnous justice system, but al$,ays within a scheme of colonialgovernncÍlt. The copy also infonns us thüt Matco Chinlaltecuhtlientrustcd thc documcnt to appcal to a courl above the corregitlor.Thcrefore, we can think that the Liblo Escrito [ruropco would havehad morc wcight. On the other hand, we havejust rnentioncd anolherimportant ele mcnt. the copy ol the lawsuil. Bcc¿ruse thc prcviouslynrentioncd objects irlso appcar in i1, rl is the key to understanding thepainting r.vitl.r its notations. Lct us look at tl.re lnlormation that itcontributcd to thc litigation.

We have already indicated that it was Isabel Egitzin who came

witl.r a paintirig to hle a claim against Matco Chin-raltecuhtli, becausc hc

had appropriated belongings ol l.rer dcad husband, Pablo Chimal-tccuhtli. rvho was the fatller olMateo. In t-.42 r. and v., the objects of the

litigation are provided: eight,slertes or plots oflands in Tlacahualtepec;a jcwcl rvith twelve bells of low goldl two bracelets; atejuelolt oflowgold: a necklace ol green stones; another necklacc with lour green

slones, cha lchi.hurles; a jcrvcl rcprcscnting the foot olan eagle. made olIorv gold; a blankct oflvolfor mount¿rin lion hide; ten rrore fabrics; and

two morc plots of lands in Coatcpcc.

At the end ofthis enunreration, a notation rppearb: /,rds ¡.)á /.)(qtr)e se tontiene Ett Vna / pintura E queb(...1 otlelante de que hizo /prcsenÍcr4iott.! Here the content of the painting, which is the sarne, is

outlined once nrore. NeveÍheless, we again notice tl.rat it does not coin-cidc rvith the infbrmation tn lhc Libro Indíge¡¡a and in lhc Libro E.scritoEuru4teo. For erample, in the case of the blankets. onc of skin made

frorn wolf'or mountain lion is listed, which conesponds with the lnfbr-malion wc find in the Libro Indígena. Laler it speaks of ten more f-ab-

rics. What cotrld these be'l The Lió ro Escrito Europ¿o mentions clothe sand blankets that obviously do not appear liufher. llwe choose those ofIhe Librc Indígen¿7, we h¿rve a ¿rrpi1, trouscrs, a shift, six blankcts, ¿rnd a

load ofblankets. The last elclncnt is morc dilficult to understand. sinccits valuc as a load woulcl be greatcr, and on the other hand its idcntifrca-

tion as a bl¿rÍ.-. .r. . -.- : :

tcn. Perhap:',,.::. .- :-thc f1ags. sir.¡.' ::-: - --puktlquttt lit,:. -: ::-i: - -'

illustratitrn. I: :;::--. -lttdí,qenrt th...r' :::: -quantilic-s.

\\ irl. ..: --::poses herc. ,:iri.:-J i - --to thc contcr.: ¡: :-. . , -

ceming thL- - i-.,. a. )

tr'1tÍeo C,tt.', a. -

\ tilt :tt.1: _

S e:: :l : ..

rt¡i " -- ::Ora -- -: -,lrL'.:::::lle i:- '

_

Ci;;,,:.:.:.l9¡

Th¡i::.. ----Mateo C hinr:.::: .. ' -- -feason. \\L- :¡ ::. - -

ncnt ligLLre: i¡ :;.: - - -in-l again i: :::,- - : - -Itdígettt rnJ : - :: -

the lattcr :oLl:a: ,r: : --\\ iih .:.. :.: , - -

We do not k::. .,. : :- - -they u erc' :li¿:- : . - -

la.,r'suit ncij:.-:::.: -' .- -

r.vise u erc t¡k.-- --fla.-gs as nulr,.': : -. - - .

to combin.- :i-.: ::- : : - -

of ob.jcct s:

:s1¡eLqo Jolsrl eláldruoc c [uoJ ol cêrl3,\\ leql uorlsuuo-lur -JLr sur¡]r ¡ri] aulqlllos o]

sr qreoldde cleudordde lsour cqt',{lpuo::g sqdi¡i leru:umu se sñe¡¡

Jo JSn cql o1 :e¡e: ,{¡ecgrceds e,tr o.req :lunoJJE olur u¡riut JrJ \\ esr,lr

-raqlo pcsse:dxe serlrtuenb aqt lou scssolñ rlqrssod .,,qt rJqtreu lns^\el3rl1 ul teqt sr ureuoc sr1eq¡\'éêq ¡\\ llll] ¡uo ¡ql ol p¡ppe sr:t iet¡Jr Jo llenqeN ur suorlelou peq Suuured ¡ruráuo eqr-1r \\ourl lou op a^\'suorsnlJuoc leleôs ol eLLroJ ueJ e.\\ uorlE[uL)Iur s[p llr q]r '\\

']sol ueoq s¡?rl lx¡l ¡ql -lo u¡d se ¡¡rnos Jeuel JrlluI rrlBl-rocun sr srq ¡ ottlrxnE o4nsZ o.!(11'J ¿'\IfI ut i¡qrssod pue i;tr;,S'i¿llry

orqrl ¿W ur pJpJocer sr qorq,{ '¡oo1 a¡Se: p¡l¡\\al 3qi sr ureie 8ur

-reoddy slcclqoJo ls^r[ lÉ¡ruls 3q].]o ¡snlr¡q uns \\t1 rqt ui s:;nig luau-nuo:d cql 01 polelcr ,{\oqo[ros sl luaurnJop éql lcql ¡ \¡II¡q J \\ 'uosr]él

srql ioC or,rrJ 'Juteulns reqlous r¡r t ñur.u:rdcir t¡tqnJell€tulrlJ o¡tl?1,\

olrres orll su,r srrll iuqt esoddns e¡¡ I 091 p¡tcp sr lu¡tunrop eqf

(16¿

J,,'OJS?J OoIEI J ep Olusruels:f..'o.)\o)-IItu]1).)tlDuttu)olbS¿'l) {tttLln4lotutt¡.t ¡ oyqed uop erped rur Lr\Jp :uLanb s¿sorác:cl se:petd ap ser.:s1nd sLrp sllo i sesot:¡.¡ds¿luum sop ,{ oscn3s:rd 1: u,-. uenli¡tr: ¡.s :nb o,¡o

a¡r r:¡mft ap ard un,{ peprnqrtuu u1 u: sr-t:s¡nd ap u1elrn-L

cs enb s¿sorca:d su.rpord asurnb i o:ur¡ i ct (u)¡sJsJp u eS E(u)^ sclrnqrqJlüq¡ sou r t¡iuar .¡nb opuuu¡ uatÁ

:sI s:lulod sllJo éuo (P800¡ mu) .,o)sD) o4ul,I)p orlalLtD$aJ oql se luorunJop srqt ot r¡-J¡r a 11 s1:.tri aqt Sunuoc

uol ,reol¡ ,{llercadse sr uoltcouuoJ srql .s;-urtured cqlJo tuJluoJ éql ol.,(11cr.up sele¡er leql páuor1uáur áq plnoqs luéurl1Jop l:qtouc 'cr:q sasod

-md rno ro.¡ s¡re1sp ,{ueru ur pa^lo,\ur oot Suruto:aq tnoqlt¡¡

'sálllluellb

erp o1 ple8c: q1r,r.{¡er:cdso 'oadotnJ olr-t)\'J o.!qry rp trcr¡ nuaÍi1¡tLr¡

o.{qrl éLll ol palulor.{1oso¡c sroru sr ,{clor aqt lpqt s[leas ll uoneilsnlllcql u.ror1 Surssnu cq.tq8ur lrqt uollor.+o lrluclq lleurs e'4lL¡tnnbytptd

;o s¡eacls rucql fueduocre ot surJ¡s terlt ssolS 3qt JJrrrs 's8e¡1 aqt

:opun lso¡ lcslqo crll JpnlJUr pup peol Jrll J.\orueJ plnoc l,n sduq:e¿ uo1

éÊrl pllro,\\ r,r\ oscq qtJ,Â paterr¡duror rq oslu plno.\\ ]o¡uelq e su uorl

18I NIZJ)g,1, VSINl EQ S.qNOISISO¿ ST'7 7C] T/¿]NJN]¿ AHL

-e3urluepr slr puerl rcqlo ¡qlJsurs 'puelsrepull 01 llnJU-lIle puu'si¡)uulq xrs 'urqs e 's-

JO ásorll osooqJ o,^\.JJ r¡qurseqlolc snolluátu oatto.rng o

-qeJ éJorl uel ¡o s¡ead-s 1t r-roJul éql tpltl. spuodscr-ro:

3pelll ulls .'o éuo 'sláIuulqo111.)|,^g oJqt'l ¿Ifl uI pue rrl/.r

-uroJ lou s¡op ll ]¿ql écrlou r

sr 'oures aql sr qctr¡.tr'8unu

1 oznl anb )p diLtDplt) ( ltol oPol sDLu :s¡uoddu uorlel

pue :sJuqu.] éroru uJ1 :¡plq r

1o eperu 'e¡8ue ueJo looJ ¡quccr8 :no1 qtt,{\ eaul)3Ju .

ttol ¡o,-o¡an[4 ú :sl¡lrr€rqicodsllunqece¡1 uI spuDI Jooqt.+o strelqo oqt ''^ pul? r;-leurqJ olql]d 'pu¿qsnq Ieq ésneJ0q'rllrlncéllururq.látuel oq,r uraráE ¡eqesl se

u luql uorleuljo.]ul Jq] llloqt Surpu¿tslepun or ,t a¡ ar

,{lsnol,r.erd Jql esneoég ir

Jáqloue peuorluáru lsnI¡ rieêq plno,{\ ordo:ng o1u:-ropüa.r.rtt:t oql JAoqD unL

rllqn3élleruII{J orle l,\ lcq

Ieruoloc Jo crusqJs e ur

-3rpur :o qsruud5 arp sr tu:sE,'\\ 1I ruoq,{\ ro.I pu¿ lol.{.r¿ssacau sr ll o^Jrl¡q ¡

1

uorllluuo.+ur eqt 'J¡peal ¡q

tvNUnof sgdntY-u3

I84 LATIN AMERICAN INDIAN LITERATURES JOURNAL

. l-and: two picccs in Coatepec and eight s¿1erl¿.1 (plots) inTlacal.rualtepec.

. Clothes: a huipil, ten shirts. ten pairs of trousers, a blanket ofhide, a skirt and four murtlatl (loincloths). We have chosenthis option fbr these last objects because a tcstirnony in the

litigation speaks olrrastcles (f.52r).

. Jewels: a string of thirly tht:tlth ihuites ^

a string with three

bctds of chalchihuite and an emerald, an amethyst pendent

with bells, two bracelets, a golden jcwel with the fbnn ol au

cagle lcg, and a gold te.juelo (metal piece; lorv gold).

. Blankets: ten blankets, a load ofblankets and sixty smallblrrnkcts tpttolrltrct, h t Iil.

The motif of the four circles rvith crosses remains to bc ex-plained. These are represented in the Libro Inclígenu. but we do not flndany other infonnation. We have already considered the possibility thatthey are coins. We only fbund one gloss in the Libro Escrito Eurol:t,tthat ref'ets fo pe.sos or /c¡nlnes. Nevefihelcss, tlre quantity that is indicated agrees neither with those in the painting, nor with the one thatmight have been on the detacl.red paper. Thcrefbre, we have two possi-

bilities: to think that there is a discrepancy bcnveen both Liór r.rs, as hap-pens in other cases; or that thcy arc not rclated. On the other hand, uponcomparing these objects with representations ofparo,r' and tontines inothcr Mesoamerican codices, we leamed that there is not much agree-

ment. We lbrrnd only one source, the Cótlice de Huitzilopochco, wherecoins close to pesr.rs appear with another typc of reprcscntation, but thalis noL dcfined conectly (it use tr.rrrüres lor both coins). Perhaps they are

/i,r/¿s 'bul thi, is unly S pposil¡un.

Thc third poilf ol this analysis has not becn mentioned untilnow bccause of the confusion that we think that it produces. This is thcrclationsl.rip between the painting that we have and the one that was pre-scntcd in the litigation. Our concern is the two individuals. As we have

alrcady indicated, in the Libro Indigent thcre are no name glyphs andhcnce we must trust thc infonnation ín lhc Libro E.scrito Europeo.-lhts

THE P1\ TL..- -:

identitl.-s th!- ::a: : -r ,ins$cre a !-!):,. :-:: : -.:copr,ist bccau.: :: ... - : -sentcd ir. Si.: .- -: : : -Matco. and i:,:::: - :: . :his nrothcr ln -:a ::.- :-:those of I5¡¡.. ,:: ...- -there lit¡ :: :--: rr r- -

paintinu tha: '.i :> r', : :. : _

Mateo appc';r: :: :-- :-land his mothr-r :. :-: -:--inheritancc is i, l: :- ' :and 1br that rL-.:: -,: .,. : :-: :.possible and r.!-: : -- --

Values Rel

Th.-n-i":: ::- ,on thc cont¡ir. :: : . :

volvcd a¡oun,i .,. -:'..- -I --:-quantlt] buin.,. : --r.cluding this ¿i:.: :. : :: ,the propcnics i:¡ : :.- :- :

Flrst.'.'.:: : -:hclígetttt antl :h.' -. 'ten plots erisieJ. - . .' -- :

havc. The Z¡1,.r ', . - -ativc rclation:].;:. . :--gular ones iiih;:: .: , ,.--has tirt1 her ¡efi::-:.:-. : -

ccls that lerc :tt- -: . - - -

narrc. ¿?1¿i7¡r¡.. I:: :: --.-catcd in O¡r,;¡,,::. . i-:qen rcLLttl. F::: . . :. - :Coutepec ar.J:t_::: . .

these piecc: lr.- . ---r: -rvith thc crc.-::.-: : .

eqt IIB sr srLIL )2dapo) paIIE) sr. DdztunDnÓ rELIr uorldel\e eql qtr.\\

'flsnor,tard pcuorlucru c.ro,r lrql siJq'lo q1r \\ pet-¡--,uuor ¡re sa¡atd ¡,s¡ql

teqtr pur?lsrcpnn o ¡¡ ncla¡¡nnt¡ntulJ ur pucl-Io slold lq;l¡ put .)rrlrlroJur spuul o,\\l suorlucur uo¡u8rtr¡ -rqt -Io l\-rt aqr i1¡cur¡ ¡tntautua,)aql su,rr ueql Sur"rnseou JoI pésn tlull Jrll teq] pul utlanptnnfi rt pa¡et-o¡ o.rc,tr feql leq] r-rJeel o,r\'o.,\\l ieqlo eql-lo ¡ser eql Lll llllrlr/?,r '3lrmu

pue roqllmu rcql.]o sn suuo.lt-tt (¡uo J.-urlo\ -rql 'lllnllr\ -rrJ rr ]uqt sléJ-rud lqirc eq1 .rog en?e,t raqte: e..re ,irql q;noqlle 's¡lu¡lJ-I¡r roqunJ suq

rndo.ltT o¡tttsE o.lq77 cql olnna¡l? Jlp s¡¡rJs a\rlEl¡r rqt-Ir sauorelnS-uelrel re3.re1 o,lr1 pue s1o1d ajenbs lq;r¡ a.ra \\ ¡raq1 sdrqsuortular a,r¡u-lor .[eql puu pálrnserda: ,Qrluenb aqt sn a re;= i.rir;,:)¡l{ o.tu1l7 3rll e^tsrl

é,\\ ltsql uorl¿uuoJur Jql A\3r^3J lsnlu e \\ Luéqt enl€ \ 01 patsrxr s1o¡d ual

luql uolsnlJuoo eq] ol eLLIeJ c,rr rrdo.nJ ott.ttl1 u.tqil eLl, pue nuaE1¡tu¡

orqrJ a\F Jo srs,{1eue ¡urof' cr¡l uJ spuel eqt l¡prsuLrf, ¡ \\ 'tsJrC

'lmsmel aqt ut saturd ¡q1 loJ pl¡q sat¡cdold er¡eouecrlru8rs áqt 01 pé:lcolp oq IIr^\ LronuJu¿ -l¡uq 'alrrue srqt Surpnlt-uor orole€l oêrl uea ll leql énlL- \ -ro iuruc-''LLt ¡tlt uo rou tnq Áuuenb:rcrp pue Sulurud eq] uf suros .ro spuel ¡lE Jl¡rF .réqlaq \\ pr¡lro.lr] peÎo^-cl s€q uorssncsr0 'sauolsaso¿ sDl )p t1.t)111(1d eql -Io luJluo¡ oql uouerq seq ,{pnls sql ur snJo.+ snor^é.rd aqt pue : rrt-raQo ureur JrlJ

8ur¡ure¿ aql {q patJaga¿ sanle¡'tuéurollr eqt ioJ LLróqt -lo .iuc :rsoor¡o 01 1ou pue elqlssod

sE oas J,r leql suorldo er¡1 uortuaru ot iluo -r¡-l¡rd a \\ uos€¡l leql lo-+ pue

o^Josá.r ol llllcuJrp sr lurod srql 1eql J.\orT3q J.\\ lJq ruo,4 sr acueluclTur

áqlluql clecrpur 01 uc,rc:o ',{:erurlrñl¡ e rri ot pspnl:ur sr rJr{tout srq pue.{-ro1us,r.ur orll ur .&rédold eql -}o rérl\\o aleuutiSal aqt se srecdde oalu¡1Ll.rq,r ur tnq lms.'\\nl aql Jo teqt Áq p:rrd-sur .ilqrssod sc.u. lerp Surlured

,\\áu 1l slr,tr :l-roqt teql sr .{¡¡qrssocl réqtouy lo,ua lequJs e se^\ oJéql

l¿qt espr rql sro^P.J srql uos req ro puPqsnq l3q pue Ieqesl Jo csoqle¡¿ so8¿rur cql teql ¡ecr8o¡ clor-u éq plno,\\ tl Sunured eqt ur l.qlou srrl

Jo leql pue eureu srq pcpnlsur Jêq lou plllo \\ 3q,s eJo-]¡rJqt pue 'oá:lel lo1 uorlrsoddo ur uos ráq.Jo s1q3!r oqr urel: or tqinos rqs tr pá]uás

-c,td c,teq lou plno,r urzlr5g lrqesJ lerlt rm¡LU plno.rr 1r :snu:cq ¡sr.{clocsrp,{q eper-u e¡elsrur u se pauruldx: eq fluo p¡ror snp ',{dor ¿ e.ra,u 3ur-1ured eqt.i¡ u¿qoel11 oatut\l pue urztlr,\ esrnl se aldord cqt scr¡1uapr

981 N]ZJJq,\ YSINT EO STNO\SSSO¿ SI"I 7O YANJNI¿ AHL

srq¡' o ado.r n E o¡ tr )sg o.t q I Zprn sqd.{13 omuu ou ei¿ ar¡láêq 0,\\ sv slenplÎpur o\\l-erd se,r luql euo orll pu€ ¡ \Ecrp sr slql sacnpord 1r ¡rqr r

IDurl pouorluJut uáoq lou sr

are ,(aqt sdeq:a¿ '(suroJ rllo(

lurTl lnq 'uorleluáse:de:1o :dant1,tr' o tqtodo T t4 l n.H a P a.'

-ce:3u qcnur lou sr el¡ql lDI.l

út saL{ltuol pue so.r:r1.1o suc

uodn 'pueq rrqto eqt uO p¡l-duq sr: 'so;qi7 qtoq rrJJ,\u¡c

-tssod o,n1 J.ûq á,\\ 'elo-],:l1¡r

rrql áuo oql qtt'tt rou 'ñutlu

-rpur sr leql ,{¡tluuub erp'ssoadotttq oit.,;l.'^g oJqrl Jqt L

lerll ,{tr¡qISsod áqt poroprsu(

pug lou op 0.,\\ lnq 'nua84tu¡-x0 ¡q 01 SuI€LUJI SáSSOTJ r

11etus .{1xts ptll? sl¡Ittt

'(p1oB,trol:cc:td ¡

ulr.¡o rLuoJ áq1 qllrr Io.$¡iluepued 1s,{qleure ue 'plr

¡eJql qll.4\ 8u ls e 's;,,i

'I

erll ut .{uouttlsal ¿ :sn¿¡uesoqt 3êq é^ (sqlo llr

JO láIuelq € 'sJosnorl-+o sr

ur (s1o1d) .ra,¡./a,¡s lllñ-t-r

rvNunof s:runlvdl

1¡J6 LATIN AMERICAN INDIAN LITERATURES JOURNAI-

infbnnation that r.ve have concerning the propefiies. 1 o help understandit we have consulted a study by Jose [-uis de Rojas (2003) about the pos-

scssion and Llse of land arnong the indigenous nobility of New Spain.Although his purpose is diilerent fi-om ours, his research has been use-ful to us fbr its collcction ar.rd analysis of ir.rformation on land owner-ship. Rojas (2003:122-123) comrrents in his discussion of measure-

rrcrlls:

En muchas ocasioncs. simplcurcntc no hay. lJn otras sulonna es nu1, variacia y las equivalcncias incien¿rs:meclid¿rs, suertes, mecates, zitncuas, quahuitl. brazas.uaLas. ctc.t" (Rojas 2003: 122 ).

Amonq these measurements, two r.verc rrentionccl callier in re-

lation to our docurnenL: .vr¿,r|¿ tlrtd ntetufe (mecutl). C)ur rcl-crences are

scilttcrcd. The Libro Estrito Euro¡teo clcarly rnentions lhe nrccull n't

conncction v,,ith tu,o olthc plots (scc notations 5 and 6). We have scen

thal thc tenn ¿?1errl11can be translated as.rrrarfe (see notations 5, 6, and

l0: discussion of lhe nrctutl can also be louncl in our analysis of 1he

glosses). Neveúheless, it would be dangerous 1o usc thc lcnr l uerle,be-cÍruse the Lihro Indígent indicales that the plots arc not the sanrc. Oncthing tl.rat is clear is tlrat by an approxiurale calculation, thcsc lands rvere

cluite sn.rall. For example. i1'rve consider thc maximum rcasurerrentthat we havc indicatcd in notation 5, according 1o Lockharl (1999) each

one mrght havc 3.600 nr. making a total of i6,000 mr. It seenrs r prioritl.rat it is an acccplablc quantiry, but if lvc conveil this quantity to hecl-arcs it is insignihcant comparccl with thc holdings ol other indi,ucnoLLs

ou,ners ofthc colonial pcriocl (Rojas 2010:237-238).

Another point that Rojas (2003:t23) rnakcs is rvhal hc calls"relativc siluation." I3y this he nrcans thc rclative valuc that was influ-encecl by v¿rrious f'actors, such as the ferlility ofthe area. tl.rc locatiür^ or1he acccss to water. Another characteristic that is espccially importantis the lypc ofactivity lor rvhich it could be Llsed, since 1he productivityofthe land vaties consiclerably. ln relation to this obser-vation, we haveintbnration about whcrc the local names occur. rvhich suggests that a

study of thc lancl in this region would be productive. Adclitionally, wrthrccard to the qucstion ol what is on the land. wc nole thal the lawsuitsometimes rncntions the existence ol- houses. Clcarlv an area u,ith a

fHE f,i"- :

ht¡u:c i. ¿::.:-:Roias (l(.r -r:.:: . : -iu c knr¡l ti:-, ... -

ell1. -\l¡0. i. .,. . . -, ,, -

zonc ti¡r ri'::;:: ::-allr'' popul.,::: :: -- -_thetc arc- r'n-,:: :t ..tion.

ll::,. .::: -, -, :thc land:. '.'. . ' :: , ,

value duc :r. a :::-- - -.¡latcrial¡. F¡: : ' -,: ,pr-oduct :ri :i:,.' :.: :. ,

¡rcnt \\a5 ill:i.l::: ._ --of blanket¡ :::.. :..-- -.har.c had nt.,:: : ,

\\¡c ha\ c cnt'::'.-:: -: -Again. thi:'¡ ¡:. - - -

ing thc land.. . .-.:.tioned as llr.:-.:. ,'. -

E,s¡t íto Eu' ',: .- -.

of blankcts. .-. - ---:re¡rcv ot ntlt..: : _ _-- ,-Stnn llrat is gr.'..:.-

.\ntr.l:: :-- -thc jericls. ,.i:.:,:: .-- -.SOtll'CCS L-\l:: : -.: .'rcncv of thc !':t-.r-...-_ -,thcir sizc Lrr ::: :.--

-\l:f . .,.t..t . -,jects r.l.lantrr)¡raJ:' - --of these p!-.\: .' .,::, - ' -Egitzin ap1rc.,:r: ---: --

nteans of :Lla]t.:- -_ . -

throun hcr.,i ::. - .

sugeltr -roq o.re,r\ ]üq] pup ;ulurrrl¡ s: !.. : j> -a--': j: i:' ¡ -.1: -u0 l--)ll u $olql

peq rTlrlncelleuqJ oJteJ,\ t[ql P:sj:i:! :-i -:..':-'-:srsqns -Io sueeul

llloqll{\ 'sseldlcq pu¿ .rood Se -r¡r11r;.-r,r - -:'--'- :r¡--¡J 3¡l¿:ddE urztr53

IáqesJ lPql ^\ou)

J M 6_'sa[)dDuLlLi '1!'1..:]r! ri i::'-r_ Ftri ¡ldoéd eseqt-Ioqlleo,tl IIUJeô JqlJo suuel ul tlr¡!:lü¡r i -r-:-r; ..;: r: p¡u(rLtuaru slJal-qo Jrp Jo ssnle,l .üetauoru eut :r! ! j.-.::s: t: t-:,1':'s : \\ 'Lrsly

'ir.ls----' ' --- - _. .-.-:q: lLr JZIs lllql¿lrl qJIelJp tunuodLur 'r,'J.i ''--mO Cql pue Slo.\\ei ua¡ \t-1c i:--: -. -:- -. . .-1.-: r: -.1\e . SáJ.lltOs

,tag csteldde ot tlntr-Urp ::l-* :-: .: -t: :-: -..:-l rr 's1:rral eql,.¡ r¡6¡cs¡5sg¡f Jqt-lo \l¡r:j.-.- .1 - _--: .-:-- .j._ j.:_{.,rU\

'iFi: : --- .- :- - . : :'. -- -- -::.:j,i \r l?ql Lrlns

1ue¡odtut uB al¿JIpuI pln¡ \.. , ', ' -. :.': -- ..:- l.¡: p:u[u 3o {cucr-it1c p Jq ,{eru 1eql s:ssol¡ '.{ti .r. s:':j: I :'--: '--,: .. 1':i.:triJo-r 'sle¡u¿lq Jo,{1¡uenb stql _ ie rr 1eq1 ¡1 p-rrn :j-: r \ - . -::-- -- -Jy r .))do1t3 olt.t.)rgo.qt'l e1¡ Lt tltu)t,nbftn:t! ¿tf.':¿':.'- i-.:- r---: i-: \\ iluorLrsepauotl-curl.J cêq plnoJ l€qt asoqt gr:u-.:' o- .-¡..-::- !r -: :.Jtl spuul sqt 8ur-r'lllr^ uI pslJlnloJue a \\ 'leql --)sLrJ: Lr: i:':-L: ! s,.--1'a-!-ud s¡sod srql 'urp8v',{cucr:nc se-¡o lqinoqt aq plnc".1s .,-: -:-- < j:-::c ::;- t¿zrseqdur¡ ¡êq c,ll'utoql uo pasn3o-+ é \Er-l ¡rr u-rrl\\ :-^-t--:-:*::..:lrr Jcqt ¡lolll peq ¡êq,{uru surelr JSJrll asnelaq uonu-rLL ,-:-.:J. : .:,l:.¿p lnql \té{uelq Jodnor8 :rp sr araqt 's¡lrl\¡l ¡q1 ¡-u!r'-ri ss.r .¡'ii¿ \¡\ 'pJq'srurJ se,nl luclu-.IeF eql ,{e,\\ aql lo truq¿,I aql \\Lr:i} :!r-l ¡:] : !.. :nq '¡url ¡qt le lJnpo.ldc,¡.rsuadxa ue uaaq ¡ \Dq plnLrl lnqs :l:-.ca..rt l : '¡ldLue\¡ lo3 sleuJleurJrlt.Jo AIIenb eqt puE s:lud I:'Jt:uo jt-:-,: -t !-rJlt¡l¡-Urp ot Jnp cnleô] lln3r+Jlp osle Jle st¡atqo l:'qtlr I'i: :-rJ:tlla t¡Qt.rtou a.\\ 'spuel oqlfrurcrclddc ¡¡¡ ¡s5.r i¡¡¡¡¿.¡11 trq: ..:1 ,-..nl.f ..-t. p:irr--.r Strrre¡¡

'uorl

-e8tls:,tur olnlnl txo4 UJ¡u¡q plno \\ :i:{t s¡rdLr1 .¡lqtssod.iueru c:e crtrp'é.roJJrcqf pJse¡lJul a \Eq plno \\ s¡nl¡ \ :q1 'p¡t¿-rrput se pclelndod f¡u-Jl se^\ lI ¡ulrl leqt le -+l ésne¡¡q drqsr¡u \r-r pu¿l ol qaJueJoJJJ .ro-] ouozcrllJo s3lprlls,\\$ ¡qt ñuoule q¡lr-i. ¡,1 uF.\:r)u ¡q p¡lo\\ lt .oslV.lgo-ucq tusro-]Jrp p Surtnquluor iqa-raqrp:sr:1 rq plnoJ o \u l8rll ,rorDl c,rspuel éqlJo ssáullgrsn aql ot plcii-¡r qt L \\ tI.rlt ppu a rr '( 5 ¡ 1 :gg¡¿) sulb¡Jo qc€oJdds eql Éulrollol ¿--)lr paie\¡lln¡ e ulo4 tué,t+-]rp sr osnoq

L8I NIZJ)?], YSINT 7O 53,\'OISISO] SI'7 10 YHNJNl¿ gHT

s qlr,4\ eoJe ul? .{lJuálJ s3st

lms,{\ul éql leql olou Jr\\ 'pur

qlr.l\{ "{lluuortlppv

áÎlrnpo-e leql slse88ns qcrq,{ 'I1JJo

oêq e,\\ 'uorle^losqo sIql ol,{¡r,tr1npo:d cql áJurs 'pésn ;

lueuodrur f¡urcadse sr teqt :Jo ¿uorlecol Jql reefi aq].Io il-nL+ur se,r ll?ql anl¿^ e^flDI¡isller rq 1Éq^\ sr seleur ([J

'(fttz-¿t ¡:snouá3rpur leqlo Jo sSurplor

-lrrq ()1 ,&rluenb srqt ueûoirroud¿ suráás lI Ju 000'9t-]qrec (6661 ) ueQlcol ot ;uIluorrClnseáru tllnurlxeu ¡qlJJ3,\\ spuel esoql 'uorlr?[nJIe¡óuo otues oql lou cJu stold.-eq 'rilal?s uuel 0q1 osn ol snr

eql Jo sls,{leuu Jno ur pullrr.l

pue '9 'E suorluloll áes) ,,¡.1.r/

uáos eêq e¡ (9 puc s suolut lJD)au oql suonuJru ,(llÉore socuorcJcJ Jno (llt:D¿utl-0r ur lorlJee p¡uolluaur ¡r¡ 1

'suzu:q'¡trnqenb'sr:sEll3IJUl SSIJUJIU \I1

ns ser¡o ug ,{uq ou

-oJnsearu .]o uorssllJsrp srq

-láu,\\o puul uo uorleuuo.+ur

-esn uccq sr:?q qJJ¿ésál srq 's'ureds

^\eN Jo ,{lqrqou snor

-sod oql tnoqe (t002) süloX :

puelsropun dloq oJ seruedo

]VN}JNOI SSUN.LYX]

1E8 LATIN AMERICAN INDIAN LITERATURES JOURNAL

o1'subsislence. Our lirst inclination is to believe this: however, in thcsales ol indigcnous lancls to Spaniarcls. sonrctirnes one cloes n01 believethe lbrnrer.,i4ren tl.rcy clairn to havc other nreans. Perhaps we should cn-tertain thc possibility that Isabcl Ecitzin's staterrent could also have

been f,rlsc and that the same may apply to Mateo. That is to sa¡r, the

lands and other objccts tl.rat l.re clainrs are not his only possessions, and

that in a placc likc Cholula wherc opportunities cxlstecl for tradesmcn.

land nright not have been so important.

Conclu sion s

This research conlinues rny Ph. D. dissertation investigation ola nerv Meso¿¡rncrican codex (Ruz 2008a), follou,ing a rnethod employed and dctcndcd by Batalla (2002a, 2002b, 2008a, 2008b, and

20101 see Rr.rz 2006c and 20ll). This approach rs useful becrLrse itshorvs multiple lines of infbnriation about Mesoamerican codices. Ouranalysis is basecl on three points. First. wc have studiod extemalcharacteristcs olthc painting: paper. inks, and writcrs. Sccondly, we

have snrdicd its contcnts; and thirdly, u,e havc analyzed its context.Thesc factors havc lcd to thc conclusion Lhat the source is authcntic bu1

not original. It is a copy of thc original that Isabcl Eqitzin delivcred a1

tlre beginning olthe litigation. Nevertheless, wc belicvc that flor-some

rersonr(' Isabel's nalnes and possibly those olhcr husband or son werecl.rarrgcd to those olMateo Chin.raltecuhlli and his nrother (Ruz2006a).Wc lirrther conclucle that the painling nust bc classiflecl as a

Mcso¿ulerican codex fiom Cholula, Puebla, that dates 1iom l565. Weafhnr-r this because the lawsuit was in Cholula and 1565 is thc date of1hc nolary's signature.

Its contcnt idcntifics it as an ccononric codex according to the

tenninology olJohn B. Glass and Donald Robertson (1975). Neverthe-less. i1 has strong links with litigatior.r, and as Lthelia Ruiz Meclmno andPcrla Valle ( I 998) assert, we rrllst also think of it as a codex crealcd inthisjudicial contcxt (Ruz 2006a). For this rcason, a study nlrst be made

of other menrbcrs of thc g'oup ol Mcsoamcrican clocumcnts that have

been recognizcd as judicial codices in the samc rvav as the Pintura delu.s ¡to.sesiottes (Ruz 201 1). Wc havc alrcady analyzcd a similar codex,

'lHE. PINT(.!t,1 DF i -..

Lhc Pinltu tt tlel Pi, ' ...(Ruz 2006c). l hicL ::.,. ., .

glcss of Amenc.::r::::. - ,apptcciatc-lh.'r:r:::- :.sullecl in inrnrL¡\.-r-r:'i.: I 'Meridcth P¡ri..:: :. :'- : .,

L Lili¡.,:: - - ,,-Thcre is an.,:l:.-. ...

paintinus djs¡:...:: :r, .-.

i. P¿rr::::-._- : -, :

Ch inralt.'cr.rh i li

L \\ e .11 .. _--.,:: :

.

Laura E. Sol.l¡ S-,'r: .' -

sitnr lhat thc'r -','. --: -:

5 rh,-tblios.

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'(0;:-6ó I s¡uogrnó ) ..ldu:snueru aqlJlnlllsuoo lpql sorTo.+.lo sdnori prturnbas aqt.. :siuuaqteg .g

'(¿ stou rJs)o,)s'D)-tllqn)ellDLtut¡7 olnEaT éqt aptsur ¡sool sr lr :.raqt:Éo1 poqclrlsé-ru leqt sor1o.]tq or\l uo sl Éurtured patelr.run ipu:pr r: aq J. ¿

r:ded.¡l.' s]¡:qs p¡plol 9

'sollo.]

o,¡¡l se¡npo:d qJrq.\\ 'eJuo .iluo p¡plo] sr r:drd -1rr 1¡¡rls Jqf c

'urZr5g 1-rqesl-¡o ii¡r1zru.r9 aqt-Io ;uliur¿d t'rFrln3¡lJl?urrrlJ

oelehl pu¿ urzlJa^ €-slnl .+o suotss-lssod aqr -¡rr ñurlure¿ .g

'(_ ¡lLIJ .-).1S | ¡r¡q p¡Ssnlsrp SSullutedoql o1 pat¿la.t:q o1 :e:dde tou s¡op 1rrll uL-r¡E.usnllr lérpoul? sr J¡Jql'IIlqncJlpu[JJ oe]el,\ puB urzu-if l¡qesl u:: rueq uorre8r¡1 ¿

'uorlelsuell éqt qir \\ aJuelsrss¿ lrJql lo.l uolx¿d qlépuehJ'rC pue uueuuaH lC Iueqt ¡ \\ pur ipnrs aqr rrr slu:trua rordnrr ur pa1¡ns-Jr e^¿rl qJnl,\\ 'l¡ \\ar.\el snour iur¡ue lqt -1o sa rrtladstad aql rluttc-rddeosle o¡¡ ured5'rllr\aSur'900;'l; _¡ i¡n¡ p1:q '.15 ¡¡rcJuluvJo :^sol8-uo) Ieuorl€ruJllrJ puorts-ü1rg -rqt iuunp patrurpl(roJ i:r¡ teqt uurrs-odr-rr{s eql ul JtedrJtued or üruluoddo ¡LIl lLrl sotues ol¡tos .E elne.l'rC puts n,/Brp.)l uuuuuJH l¡r'u[l¡lC or 1q:rr'.ri ¡lc J \\ 'l

salo\

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681 NIZJ)I.I tst,17 30 s7'\'orstso¿ st'l to vu1JNI¿ aqr

'xepoo r?lrrltls u p3z.{Jeu¿ ^p] dp tJ.lt1JLu¿ oql s¿ ,{e^\ éruus ,

oêq luql sluolul]3op ul?3Ll3lr

cpeur eq lsnr-u .{pnls e 'uosr?¡l

ur peleJJJ xepoc e se 1I JO lulpulr ouelpot\ zrnd erTrqla sc

-aqueôN (9¿61) uosuaqo¿cr¡1 o1 Sutplocce xJpoJ Jlulo

.Io el8p cql sr 9991 pue elnlo0A\ '99SI ruo4 selep terll ell

e se p¡Ursselc eq lsuur i'(e9002 znd) Jeqlolu sq pue

oJe,r uos Jo pueqsnq r3q -+o ¡ottlos .IoJ loql eêrTeq e,\\'SS:

lE perá^rTep urzlr5g 1equs1 re

lnq criuéqine sr ecrnos aq1 1¿l'lYoluoJ slr pez,{1eue a,req :e,n ',{lpuorag slolll,\\ pue !Furolxo pcrpnls áêq é,\\

fi o sétrpoJ u€ruéuruosel\lr ásl1ucáq ¡rgesn sr qoeo:ddpue 'q800¿'e8002 'q200¡ '

-tuá poqlou e 3ur,to¡o-f it1o uor'¡uf tlse,tut uoqtru¡,s-sIp'

sl

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pue 'suorssassod ,{1uo s[¡ tourql

"{us o1 sr leql oalel\ o:

3ûq os|l pllloc luetrlélllts s

-ue pFoqs aM sdeqled suts¡rl

aA¡IJCq lOU SáOp eUO SéLlnléu

eql ur 'Joê,roq :srq1 a.\¡ri-rq

tvNunol sSun-LYdll


10. Local representative ofthe Spanish administration (politicaland judicial).

11. Person who speaks Nahr"ratl.

12. Town council.

13. Colonial S¡an islr coirr.

14. Colonial Spanish coin, equivalcnt to an eighth ofa peso.

I 5. Indigenous clothing r:sed by thc wol¡en to cover the top padof thc body.

16. I¿11 "stonc," is uscd originally to cor"lnt objects that arc

more or less round, fbr example centetl tonuú|, "a tomato." h.r the clas-sic periocl its usage included any malerial objcct: etetl t¿tlli. "lhreehouses."

17. Paragraph rnarks.

I 8. Royal Academy ofthe Spanish Language, hereafter DRAE.

19. A trouser style.

20. Stone similar to jade.

21. Piece ofgold bullion or gold foil.

22. ln addition cvcry4hing that is includcd in a painting that gocs

forward, which she presentcd.

23. The Testament of Mateo Casco.

24. ltem I establishes that I havc some ¿:/r¿lcilraitas (a string ofsixty five and flfteen prccions stones that were uscd as bracelets in ln-tiquity). a golden eagle foot that was hung at the neck, two precioLls

blankcts. and two othcr bracelets ofprecious sLoncs that my father donPablo Chimaltccuhtli left me.

25. Spanish Colonial coin.

THE PINTURA DE L,1S P

26. On manl e..'c:-.ifon.r.r is very r'aried anc :suertes, mecaÍes, -íÍ¿tc¡r,t,. :-

27. Hou er er. :Le ..::kets. Josó Luis de R¡1¡r .:mate values for the pre-H:::

28. The C¿,.¡:.¡ -;i.';provide such compar-\..1:

29. This ten¡ _:::-=

30. Ther.' ari :.--:,: :

solve in this stud\. l-.'r- -:-:mother appear in tL: :.::.--by lsabe L Ths migi,: :e .-',-:

thc change \\ a-i m;J: :-::a:ship. Such ques¡iL\ai r---::::in the studl ot thr-!. i - :-: :

Batalla R.....:-. - ,-Tudela.'' ,ltt¡tlt r -;.. 11: ._. Códit,e Ba"-i:; ..._-

.

inf ramundo. \l:c:-: . :.:. Cótlite Lle :,.::,' -. -. El Códíce.;¿ - :.:..-

ntedietal eun:r:'.: .,. - :Thesaurus Amer: ": '.1,:-.

. "Los códices :.:: - :: :Revisfa de E:::.-: .

Antropctlógico, ! l.' i:

-. "Estudlo .L.diJ: . -- l: : : _

de Anlropoloei-; :-:. ',: ,

' BbZ- 6ZZ: (ü 0d Z' ou' 0l nu o c ua wV o rB o 7 o do.rquy ap

oloundsg n¡urcv ,.'Dzopuary a)lpgJ pp ocrSg¡ocrpoc otpntsA,, - 'tZ I -9S :(qS00Z) g sott8g1odo4uV

I so)ttglslH 'souuatr7 'socr1s1113ut7 soryrysg ap Dls!^ay'sot.tDDurlJ ..'otpnlse ep sopol?tu :sou¿ruátu¿oseur socrpgc soT,, '-

' e¿gg7'' d'u :pup?hl'e¿clreruv snmeseq¿uglcceloJ 'o)tJ?wv ua sa)tpo) ap otdoc ap oadotna ptatpawuoDrpD4 o'J : ouotqtaqnuSo¡t¡ odntg 7a I olapn¿ ap nlpgJ tg '-

'qz00z'euulorg :pl-Jfeltl'up)Do.b) ap sofiqul ap n!p93'-'e8002 <orüoruqsal :pupew' opunwu4ur

7a .tod aluoucnlo atott un otod oy8 oun :o8ng attpg3 '-'t9- L:G66i L'ortt?wv ap oasnw lap sapuY ,.'DlapnJ

aupo1 pp ocr8glorrpoo orpnlsg,, '?sof u¿nf 'op€soU ¿llel¿A

saJuoroJeu

'sluárrmJop ¡ergolsrq xaldruoc asar¡¡ ¡o ,,{pnls aql urqceo:ddu crl€ubtsÁs eJo áÍr"uodur áqt a1¿4mllr suoqsenb qcng 'drqs

-rárr,lto Jo rur¿lJ s.oa1e¡ I oddns q,{¡euoqualrn eperu su,tr o8uuqc aq}sdeq:ed:o 'prfdoc er¡ ,{q:o::a ue se peure¡dxa eg lq8¡u s¡g ¡eqes1 .{qpeu,tro ¡eur8uo eql uo4 pardoo se,n 1r¡ Suqured eq1 ru .rcedde :aq1oulsq pue oel€Ir'{ Jo seru¿u eW .Áq,tl uosea.r eq¡ e41 'Áprus srql rrr á^los-eJ o] elq" uáeq los e^eq 0^{ l¿ql sruáJuor áruos eJ? aJerLL 0e

'se¡qou snoua8rpul ol s:a;ar,{¡u:eua3 uua¡ srq¡ 6¿

'suosuedruoc qcns epr,to:dKelu: n1tcnada¡ nlpgJ eW n qBnotoqs8uty aapo) 6tl¡-'gZ

'poued cnredsr¡¡-e:d eqt :o¡ senle^ álzur-rxo:dd¿ se,tr8 pue Ee{wlq segrsselr (SeOt) seloU áp sm.I ?sof sto)-IIelqJo slueu¿^ ol JáJaJ 01 u¡oes suuel leqlo eq1 ':a^á^\oH ¿Z

'¡'ie ''DJDA 'mmtq 'ptnqonb 'soflJ1lrz 'sa|D)aa 'salians'stptparu :rn"uecun are sacueleamba aql pue peu€^ f:e,r sr uuo¡áID'srárpo uO áuou are,t¡duns áqt 'suorseroo ,{ueru u6'9¿

16I NIZJJqT, VSINT 70 SSNOISTSO¿ SY7 gO WNJNI¿ gHL

uop :eq1E ,{ur leq1 souoJs snr

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-u€ uI Slolácelq SB posn 0Ja,¡i1

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'o

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.IIC

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áeuq!,, 'lllln pa|a :¡calqo p-selc ew q ,,'oleuñ|e,,' ut)

o:e 1eql slcefqo lrmoc o1 ,{¡

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'osed e¡o qlq8le u€ ol tua

lecq¡od) uorle4srurxp¿ qsn;

'IVNUI}OI SgdnJ\rU:I.


Briquct, Charles M. Les Fíligranes. Dictionnoire historicluedes Marques du Papier. 4 vols. Georg Olms Verlag. Hildesheim,Zürich: New Cork, I 991 .

Clavijero, Fr¿rncisco Javier. Historia Antigua de México.Mexico: Editorial. Porrúa" 1991.

Códit'e de Huitzilopochto. Esftrdio de Perla Valle. ConsejoNacional para la Cultura y las Artes, Instituto Nacional de Ar.rtro-

pología e Historia; SUP-lNFOR, http://www.sup-infor.com/, 2004.

Cridice de fribufos de Coyoacan. Edición y estudio por Juan

.losé Batalla Rosado. Madrid: Brokarte,2002.

Códice King,sborough o Códice de Tepetluoztoc. Estudio de

Perla Valle. Toluca: El Colcgio Mexiquense, 1994.

Diccionario de lu Re¿tl Acadenia Es¡tttñola (DRAE).22 cd.Espasa-Calpc, Madrid, 2001 . http: //www.rae.es. Intemet version ofthe 22"d ed., including the revisions of the 23"i ed. lconsultcd on:

r0l06t20rtl

Glass, John B. in collaboration with Donald Roberlson. "ACensus of Native Middle Amcrican Pictorial Manuscripts". ln Guideto Ethnt¡historical Sources, edited by Howard F. Cline, pp. 8l-252.Handbook of Middle Anterican Indians, vol. 14, Robcrt Wauchope,gcncral editor. Austin: Univcrsity ofTexas Press, 1975.

González-Hermosillo, Francisco. "El gobiemo indio en laCholula colonial." Lecturas Históricus de Puebla 78. Puebla:

Gobiemo del Estado de Puebla, Secretaria de Cultura, ComisiónPuebla V Centenario, 1992.

Hidalgo Brinquis, Mn Carmcn. "Estudio de las Filigranas."ln Pintura del Gobernador, Alcaldes y Regidores de Mérico.Estr-rdio y transcripción, by Vicenta Coflés Alonso, Anexo 1.

Madrid: Ministerio de Educación y Cicncia, Dirección General de

Archivos y Bibliotecas, 1976.

THF. PINTUR,l DE L.4S ',.

Kirchhoft. P¡ui. ,::Historiu ToI tet a-Ci: :.,:.,...lrica, Ccnlro de lnr r-s:::.:pología Social. ln:tliL.:¡ \..

Launer . \lici:. -':'Nuhuutl. Merict,: L :.:-. ::.1992.

Lenz. H¿r> : -

cionctrlas (I5:j-:e:'.i:,

Lockhan. .1.:.:.Historiu .soti¡ti ', -:. 'centra l. .s í gl o.; .\ i'.- -.,,

1999.

IUolina. ;:".. -. : ..

ntetituntt .t //;a;. - -. . ,t '

Quiñt-::.-. {.: --Artists. and P:...: -,. ..-.Printet cts

"!.,,: : '. '

graphv r:tr \-;:: ,' .

Sulliran. p:. -:---- '. -.-

C uctu htínt ': -;': l.':. : -

lnvcsti,saci..::. . -: -r l

lnstituto \iJ:.:' -: - -

Ro':.- - -.. -- - ::Nuevu Estt-;i--.' . :Estudios Su::: - :. :- -,- -

-. "Sobre rt'ii:r. - -.-. ::

Nueva Esp:i: :'-. Canthi¿,,:- . "- , :

Nuet'u Esp,;i-; :-.- , - --

'0I02'8S IulJollpa :sárrv souong DuDdsg n^anNDl ua Dua8tpn Dzalqou D7 arqa\) ou o[ anb D.tDd rqlqaD) --

LtI-IU:G007) tZ sounruaruDouurrT solprysg ..e!¿dsa E^ánN3l áp euá3lpur ezslqou el á4uo exárl ¿l ap osn f ugrsosod átqos., .-

'9661 'lerros €ISolodortuv ue sárorredns sorpnlslJ,( sauorceSrlse,tul op oJluáJ :ocrxohtr '¡r1y ol?ts ¡a ua nuodsg oa.anl¡Dl ua sosn sns I ouaSlput Dpauoa D7.áp srn.] gsol ,selo¡

'886I 'urrolsrH á €lSolodorluv áp I¿uoneN otntrlsulllercog u18o¡odoJluv ue se:ouedng sorpnlsE .{ sauorce8qse,rulap orlueJ :¿orurguoca erntln] áp opuod :oclxoW .uryLpuqllnn)ua sottotsas I st:.ttalt atqos soluaanJo1 sm1'e¡cm9 se,{a¡

'¿66I 'ssard erxoqeplo Jo .(¡rs.taaru¡ :ueuuoN ¿E-gl .dd.ue^rTInS

'C eu{egJ Lq'uot4olsuot¿ qs1?ug pun ¡xa¡ pnnqo¡¡ to ú¡do.t8-oa¡o¿ ultSoqng ap outp.tou)ag lot¡ iq sapuoaary soraarrduI ..'sálErJorueIAI soreruud eql Jo sámt¿áC ¡ecrs,{q¿ pu¿ .slsrgv

'sa8erul eql ol uorlnpo¡ul uV,, 'esrolE ':aqa¡ sauogrn|

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orlx?W pp nua8tput uqrco1qod Dl ap prnJln) I ¡otcos Dr.tolstH'oqsmbuo3 n¡ ap sandsap súnqlu so7 .sauef .u¿q{co-I

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'266r'ocrx?JAI ep elllouolnv leuol'eN psprse^run :oJrxetrAl .uDnqDN

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16I NIZJ)Z,tr P-SIN7 7A S7\OISTSO¿ SV1 ?O YVNJNI{ EHL

op I€JáueD ugrcserrc tercu

'I Oxauv 'osuolv s? 03'or!x?w ap sanp8aü [.. seu€r8rTrC sel áp orpqsg,

ugrsftuoJ 'eJn]lnJ op eF¿:

:¿lqend 8¿ Dlqand ap s¿l uo orpur ouárqo3 Ig,, '

'E¿6I 'ssárd se)

'edoqcnu¡¡ psqo¿ 'y1 1o.t'ZSZ-I8'dd 'áurTJ C pre,{\(apln, ul '..slducsnue¡,1 1eu

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JO UOTSJo^ láLrálul S0'á¿J'r'pe

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¿ureqsápirH 8e¡:e¡ sru16anbuo¡slq altouuotple'sa

'IVNdnOf SIIUnJVUSI


Ruiz Medrano, Ethelia y Perla Valle. "Los colores de lajusticia, códices jurídicos del siglo XVI en la Bibliotheque Nationalede France." Journal cle la Société cles Américonistes de Paris 84"no.2 (1998):221-24r.

Ruz Barrio, Miguel Ángel. "Un códice cholulteca de media-dos del siglo XVI: El Pleito entre Isabel Eqitzin v Moteo Chimal-tecuhtli. Análisis de sus pinturas." Memoria de Licenciatura directedby Dr. Don Juan José Batalla Rosado. Typewritten. Madrid:Universidad Complutense, 2006a.

-. "Los códices jurídicos: definición y metodología de estudio."

De:oL cttos 36 (201 l):l6S-184.. "Un conjunto de documentos inéditos de los siglos XVI y XVII

sobre Cholula: El Legajo Chimaltecuhtli-Casco. Presentación, au-tenticación y estudio." Ph. D. Dissertation, Universidad Complu-tense de Madrid, 2008a.

-. "La importancia de la documentación presente en [as colecciones

privadas: El Pleito entre Isabel Egitzin y Mateo Chimaltecuhtli,Cholula (México) siglo XVI." In Escrituras silenciadas en la épocade Cervantes, edited by Manuel Casado Arboniés et al., pp. 399-409.Univcrsidad de Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, 2006b.

-. "Pintura del pleito entre Tepexpan y Temaxcalapa: Estudio

preliminar." Revista Española de Antropología Americanu 37(2006c):89- 109.

. "Tira de Mateo Chimaltecuhtli y Gabriel Orliz: Fragnento de uncódice mesoamericano dentro del Legajo Chimaltecuhtli-Casco."Anales del Museo de Antérica l6 (2008b):81-100.

Siméon, R.émi. Diccionario de la lengtra náhttatl o mexi-canct. Mextco'. Siglo XXI, 1999.

LATIN AMERICAN INDIANLITERATURES JOURNAL

A Review of American Indian Texts and Studies

Vol. 26, No. 2 Penn State Greater Allegheny Fall 2010

LATIN AME RI CAN IIVD IA]YLITERATURES JOURIVAL

A Review olAmerican Indian Texts and S¡udie;

EDITORIAL BOARDEditor: Mary H. Preuss

Book Review Editor: Monica Bames

Mesoamerican Manuscripts Editor: Merideth Paxton

Editorial Assistants: Wesley Bobbi4 Connie Goehring, Marcie St¿l -Rosiek

BOARD OF ADVISORSRamón Arzápalo Marín.Universidad Nacional Autónonta de Méxicu

Georges Baudot, Université de Toulouse-Le Mirai/Elizabeth Benson, In.rtitute of ,4ndean St,dles (Berkeley)

William Brito Sansores, Un luersldad de Yutatán

Gordon B¡otherston, Universi4) of Essex, University oflndianaDomingo Dzul Poof,In.tt¡tuto Nacional cle Antrcpologia e Historia

Jill Furst, Moore Co/lege

Frances Karttunen, Univers¡t,y of Tex.rs, Aus f¡n

Anatilde Idoyaga M olila, Centto Argetúino de Etnología Americana

Maarten Jansen, Rükuniversiteit le Leiden

Jorge Klor de Alva, Unitersiry^ oJ Phoenix

Miguel León-Portilla, Univer.sidad Nacional Autónotua de M¿,yico

Luis Millones, Universídad Nucional Mayor de San Marco.s

Joel Sherzer, U iversir!- ol Texas, Aust¡n

Nancy Troike, Universiry oJ Texas, Austin

Juan Adolfo Vázquez, Universiry) of Pütsburgh

Johannes Wilbert, Universi¡,- of California, Los Angeles

Vo[u.ne 26 subscription mtes (2 issues): lndiüduals USS30.00. h,5TirutioLr L S S i ' . L¡jr-side of US add USS8.00 for surtuce mailand US$ 18.00 fb¡ aimti \1:.-::.:-.:..rj-able on a US bank to LAIL Joumal and send to: Editor. L-\lL -llr.-: -'. - -:-Drive, Pem State Greater Allegheny. McKeesporl P\ t: :l --:i r- .-. i-lr615 9166; fax. (.412) 366-0942, E-mai1: mhpl'ápsu.eC.

ISS\: 0888'56ll

O Copyright LAIL l01l Jc.u:¡:l \. J-:- --: i:-.- ::

LATIIV AM]LITERAT(

A R.\ ic\ !l \r

TABLl

ArticlesMemoriuls

Feasts.fbr the Gods: Fc.¡od ¿t

Veintenct Rlllols by Elizabe

Voices of the Indigenous \1

" Half:Ronttrr" nnd Otller ,recorded alld translated b\ l

Mesoamerican Manuscript

Tlte Pinlttru de las Posesit,¡Chinnlteculttli : A Prelintít¡,Ruz Banio

Book ReviewThe Dog Wlto Spoke tntl ,\1,'

961

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oaln¡,4¡ f trrz4tatr nslnj ap sauo*aso¿ sDl ap unluld aLlJ

s¡d¡nsnue ¡,q uuJ!¡aruuosaIAI

ssneJd 'H ,{re6¡ ,4q pe}elsue:1 pue poprooor

,.'sauolg unÍny¡ )dJD)nÁ raqto pun ,,n¡soo¿-fjn¡7,.

plro^\ snouaSlpuI áql Jo sárlo^

'ueloj^l r0áq¿zrTg [,q s1nn1t¿ DuatuDl::a4zV ut uotldumsrn) pun poo! :spog atp nf slsna¡

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2011b The Pintura Posesiones

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