አል-ኢማማህ - Shia Maktab

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Transcript of አል-ኢማማህ - Shia Maktab

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(›M-c<¿Ö=:- �]Ÿ<M ¤<Kó�: Ñê 291)

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163

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Ã}— ²”É K¤K=ó¨< õ`É ¾T>cØ nÇ= }w¨<::

(›M-c<¿Ö= �]Ÿ<M ¤<Kó�: Ñê 291)

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164

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166

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S<e’É pê 1 Ñê 377' 430' pê 3' Ñê 28' ›M-HŸ=U:- ›M-

S<e}É[¡' pê 4' Ñê 557' 865)

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168

¾un¨< I´u<” vd}ð U`Ý dÃJ” uØmƒ cHv−‹

u}Å[Ñ Ñ<v¯@ Ÿw²< wØwØ“ ›}"a uÓòƒ ¾}Ñ–

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(TK=¡:- ›M-S<¨Öእ' pê 2: Ñê 60)

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169

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Ë´]:- ›M-ðmI ›KM S³IwM ›`u¯' pê 4' Ñê 60)

እLà ¾}Ökc¨< G<’@ታ uS<K< uG<K<U ²”É

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uSé[` ’¨< TKƒ ÉLM::

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(’í) ¾J’‹” c?ƒ Kv]Á SÇ` ÃðkÇM' ›[w

170

¾J’‹” c?ƒU ›[w LMJ’ SÇ` ÉLM:: Ÿu’>

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SÇ` ÃðkÇM::

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4' Ñê 300)' ›M-HŸ=U:-U”GÌdK=’>”' (Ÿ={w ›M-’>üI) pê 2'

Ñê 279)

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KõÁ”ǔdž¨< u¯Sƒ 10000 Ç=“`' uuÉ` ²S‰ LÃ

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171

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c=J” ¾¯S{© ¡õÁ SÖ’< ke uke õ¾k’c H@Ê

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K=}[] H>eƒ] *õ ›[we Ñê 187)

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Y`¯ƒ ›M’u[U:: ÃI”” Ñ<Çà u}SKŸ} ›=TU

¯K= (®.c) ¾T>Ÿ}K¨<” õ”Å}“Ñ[ Ã’Ñ^M::

#ŸS<ËH>a‹U J’ (Ÿ’u=¿ (c.®.¨) Ò` ŸSü ¨Å

SÇ=“ ¾}cÅÆ) Ÿ›”ga‹ (eÅ} uS¨Ñ”

uSÇ=“ ¾SËDa‡ [ǃ ¾J’<) ¾’u=¿ (c.®.¨) cDx‹

uSJ“‹G< ›”Æ uK?L¨< Là ¾uLÃ’ƒ õ”ÇK¨<

¾T>cT‹G< üL‹G< ›”Áv^m¨< wMÝ ’Ñ` u›LI

172

òƒ w‰ SJ’<” ›e{¨<c<:: K›LI“ K’u=¿ Ø] ULi

¾cÖ' ¾DÃT•~” õ¨<’{ }kwKA ðpÊ ¾Ñvuƒ'

¨Å mwL‹” ò~” Áµ[ T”—¨<U c¨< u›=eLU

¨<cØ S<K< Swƒ“ uÓÈ{¨‡ Là õŸ<M ÑÅw

›K¨<:: õ“”} ¾›LI ›ÑMÒÄ‹ “‹G<:: Gwƒ“ ”w[~

u›ÖnLà ¾›LI ’¨<:: uSüŸL‹G< õŸ<M ßóðLM::

›”Æ ŸK?L¨< ¾}K¾ ØpU ¾T>Áјuƒ ›W^`

›Ã•`U::

(›=w” ›u=M GÇ=É-g`I' pê 7' Ñê 35-7' u}ÚT]U Ÿ›=TU

¯K= Øpf‹ u’IÌM uKÒI ¾Øpe lØ` 126 ÃSMŸ~)

Ÿ¯K= (®.c) §K=ó’ƒ uòƒ vK<ƒ DÁ ¯S{ƒ ¨<eØ

uõŸ<M’ƒ LÃ ÁM}SW[} ¾Gwƒ ¡õõM ¾KSÆ

¨Ñ•‹ ¯K= G<’@{¨‹” ›Ã„ ›e}Á¾ƒ õ”Ç=ÁÅ`Ó“

kÅU c=M ¾}KSŨ<” ›W^` õ”Ç=Ÿ}M U¡`

cÖ<ƒ:: J•U U”U K¨<Ø dÃS× c=k`“ ¯K=

KõeLU IÓÒƒ“ S`J¨‹ ¾É`É` kÇÇ õ”ÅK?K¨<

c=Á[ÒÓÖ< u¯K= LÃ c?^ Tk’vu` ËS\::

›<SÁ¨‹ ÉM” Ÿ}kÇÌ u%EL ›=-õƒD©“ õŸ<M

ÁMJ’¨< ¾Gwƒ ¡õõM Y`¯ƒ uS<eK=S< SüŸM

ÇÓU ›”c^`„ kÖK:: ›”É c¨< õeLU” u=kuM

õ”£ ¾S<eK=U’~” Swƒ ›ÁјU ’u`:: õ”Ç=Á¨<U

S<eK=U ÁMJ’< ¨”ÉV‰†¨< ¾}hK Swƒ

’u^†¨<:: ¾S<eK=V‡ G<’@{ S<eK=U üMJ’<ƒ õ”£

¾vc ’u` TKƒ ’¨<:: S<eK=U ÁMJ’< ¾›üvu=¨<

173

’ª]¨‹ Ï´ÁI ¾}c– k[Ø w‰ ßõK< ’u`::

S<eK=V‡ Ó” Ï´ÁU ²üU ßõK< ’u`::

u®<S` ›wÉM¯²=´ G<Kƒ ¯Sƒ }Ÿ<M ¾›e}ÇÅ`

²S” ue}k` u›<SÁ¨‹ ²S’ S”Óeƒ Ï´ÁI

ŸG<K<U ›[w ÁMJ’< ²?‘‹ (S<eK=V‹” ÚUa)

Ãcucw ’u`::

(›M-Öv]-›M-{]¡' pê 3' Ñê 1354-1367)

ÃI Y`¯ƒ U” ÁIM õeLU” õ”ÅÔÇ“ K=Áeј

¾T>‹K¨< ØpU ÃI ¾TÃvM ›=U”ƒ SJ’<”

SÑSƒ ›ÁÇÓƒU::

ª“ Ÿ}V‰†¨<“ Ÿ}V‰†¨< #›=eLT©$ “†¨<

¾}vK<ƒ GÑ^ƒ uS<K< õ”£ dÃk` ¨Å ›=eLU

Sk¾` ›M‰K<U ’u`:: ¾›[x‹” ¨[^ KØmƒ

Ñ>²?Áƒ w‰ SuuU ¾‰K<ƒ“ ŸSËS]Á¨< SuuU

u%EL ULi ¾cÖ<ƒ“ uõeü”“ Ÿ²=ÁU uð[”dà LÃ

uT>Å”p G<’@{ ›ÑMÓKAƒ ¾cÖ<ƒ v`ua‹ õ”£”

¾SËS]Á¨< ¾g=¯ S”Óeƒ uVa¢ õeŸ=uuU É[e

›M}K¨Ö<U ’u`::

¾›=TU Nc” (®.c) ¾MÏ MÏ ¾J’¨<“ ¾›=É]d©

Y`¨-S”Óeƒ (789-985AD) Se^‹ ¾J’¨< ›=É]e

›=w” ›wÅLI u’c< Là u²S} Ñ>²? ›w³™‡

S<eK=V‹ ›M’u\U:: ÃI ¾Sר< ÅÓV kÅU c=M

u’u\ƒ wMg< Y`¯„‹ U¡”Áƒ ’¨<::

174

¾²=É ›=w” ›wÆMSK=¡ ¾›<SÁ−‹” ²¨<É vÖKk

Ñ>²?“ ¾²=É ›=w” ›u= S<eK=U Ç=“`” ¾Va¢ Ѹ

›É`Ô ujS Ñ>²?' ÃI ¾Va¢¨< Ñ» ¾²=É ŸcKS<ƒ

(S<eK=U ŸJ’<ƒ) ²?Ô‹ ÅÓV Ï´Á (k[Ø) Ãcuew

õ”Å’u[“ S<eK=U ŸSJ“†¨< uòƒ (ŸSeKT†¨<

uòƒ) ¨Å ’u\uƒ S”Å` õ”Ç=SKc< õ”ÇÅ[Ñ

õ”cTK”::

(›M-›T>” - ¾g=¯ ›=eLU ›=”dáKAúÇ=Á' pê 1' Ñê 38-41)

¾›=É]d©¨< Y`¨-S”Óeƒ ¾ þK=c= K¨<Ø“

›=eLT© Swƒ” KG<K<U S<eK=V‹ KTÇ[e

ÁÅ[Ѩ< S[v[w ¾v`ua‹” SK¨Ø (SeKU)

›eÑ–::

¾›[w ¾uLÃ’ƒ ›v²? U” ÁIM ¨<ewew“ Y`

¾cÅÅ eKSJ’< KT¾ƒ ¾kÅUƒ Ѹ−‹” ›e}dcw“

¨<d’@ TÖ?” um ÃJ“M:: ç¨<U u›[x‹ ¾}Á²

GÑ` ¨<eØ ›”É c¨< u=cMU (S<eK=U u=J”) Á

c¨< õ”Å S<eK=U ›Ã{ÃU' ›=eLT© Sw„‹”U

›ÁјU:: ÃI”” TÓ–ƒ ¾T>‹K¨< S<eK=U uSJ’<

w‰ dÃJ” K›”Æ ¾›[w Ôd Å”u— ¨ÃU ›ÑMÒÃ

c=J” w‰ ’¨<:: ›=eLT© Sw~” KTÓ–ƒ ›MöU

S<eK=U KSvM Ÿ›”Æ ›[w Ôd Ò` S¨Ç˃

õ”ÅSeð`ƒ Ã{à ’u` TKƒ ’¨<:: õ”Ų=I ¯Ã’~

¨ÇЋ #SªK=$ uSvM Ã{¨l ’u`::

175

õ”Ų=IU J’¨< Ó” õŸ<M’ƒ“ õƒI” SÔ“çõ

Ãp`“ ›UvÑ’” ’ʉ†¨< SdmÁ“ SdKmÁ

ÁÅ`’†¨< ’u`:: õ¾}¨dcu ¾Sר<” u=a¡^c= }Ñ”

uTÉ[Ó õ”ÅðKÑ< Ãݨ~v†¨<“ ¡w` õ”ÅK?K¨<

Ó®<´ ’Ñ` ÃqØa›†¨< ’u`::

›LG< }›L S<eK=S<” ¾SU^ƒ“ ¾Te}ÇÅ`

HLò’~” õ”Ÿ”-¾Ki“ eI}ƒ ›Mv KJ’<ƒ ›e^

G<K~ ›=TV‹ w‰ uSeÖƒ' ßq“”' ^e

¨ÇÉ’ƒ”' wØwØ”' ›hØ`”' ¾ÃeS<L“ ¾¨<gƒ

U`Ý”' ¾TIu^©“ ¾²` ›ÉKA õ”Ç=G<U ¾Ôd

²[˜’ƒ” ŸY` SW[~ ð’ÑK¨<::

u²` ¾T>}LKõ eM×”;u²` ¾T>}LKõ eM×”;u²` ¾T>}LKõ eM×”;u²` ¾T>}LKõ eM×”;

›”Ç”É c−‹ õ”ÅT>K<ƒ ¾g=¯ S´Gw ’w¿ (c.®.¨)

Ÿu?}cv†¨< ¾TÃ¨× u²` ¾T>}LKõ (Y`¨-

S”Óeƒ) Ku?}cv†¨< KTuuU ðMѨ< ’u` (u`ÓØ

dÃdüL†¨< k[ õ”Í=) wK¨< ÁU“K<::

’w¿ (c.®.¨) Ÿ õ”Ç=I ¯Ã’~ ¾^e ¨ÇÉ’ƒ vI]

¾ìÆ“ ¾’Ö< õ”ÅJ’< uSÓKî ¾g=¯ S´Gw Ÿ²=I

›”í` ¾}dd} ’¨< wK¨< ÓÑ^K<:: ’Ñ` Ó” õ’²=G<

c−‹ ÅÓV #›=TV‡ uS<K< Ÿl_Ãi “†¨<$ (›M-

››=S~ T>” l[Ãi) uTKƒ ’w¿ (c.®.¨) }“Ó[ªM

wK¨< òÓvK<::

176

{Ç=Á ¾²=I GÇ=e ƒ`Ñ<S< ’w¿ (c.®.¨) Ku?}cv†¨<

”Ñ<d© S”Óeƒ KTuuU ðMѨ< ’¨<;

’w¿ (c.®.¨) õ’²=I” nLƒ ¾}“Ñ\ƒ #Ÿ^e ¨ÇÉ’ƒ

eT@ƒ$ uS’ddƒ ’¨< K=vM ’¨< {Ç=Á; (›LI Ãp`

ÃuK”)::

kÅU c=M õ”Å}ÑKì¨< ›u< u¡` ›”dDa‹” (¾SÇ=“

c−‹”) Á[ÒÒ¨<“ ´U Ác—†¨< ’w¿ (c.®.¨)

Ÿl_Ãi õ”ÅJ’<“ ›[x‹ l_Ãi ÁMJ’” c¨< §K=ó

›É`Ѩ< SÁ´ õ”ÅTËK< uS“Ñ` õ”ÅJ’

}¨e„›M:: ÃI ¾SŸ^Ÿ]Á ›Ë”Ç ’u` ›”dDa‹”

´U Ác—†¨<::

ÃI”’<” U¡”Áƒ SW[ƒ uTÉ[Ó ŸpÆe ’wÃ

(c.®.¨) ¾u?}cw ›vLƒ (õ”Å ¯K= ÁK<ƒ) §K=ó

}Å`Ѩ< }S`Ö¨< u’u[ G<K<U uÅeታ Ã{²³†¨<

eK’u[ U”U wØwØ ‹Ó` ›Ã•`U ’u` TKƒ

’¨<::

¾¯K= (®.c) §K=ó J• SS[Ø” u}SKŸ} S<eK=U

ÁMJ’< ìGò−‹U w²< êðªM:: T>e}` c?Ç=KAƒ

¾T>Ÿ}K¨<” êö›M::

#¾¯K=à (®.c) u’w¿ (c.®.¨) S}"ƒ“ eM×” u²=I

SMŸ< ¾S}LKñ e`¯ƒ ŸSËS]Á¨< }kvÃ’ƒ

›Ó˜„ u’u` Ÿ²=Á uâL ¾}Ÿc}¨< ›eŸò enÓ

177

›=eLU” uS<eK=V‹ ÅU ¨<eØ ¾²ðk¨< ›d³˜

{]¡ ›ÃðÖ`U ’u`::$

Sedillot, L.P.E.A., Historie des Arabes (¾›[w— ƒ`Ñ<U) Ñê 126-7)

õ¨<’{¨< õ”Ç=I ¯Ã’„‡ }k“n™‹ (}nªT>−‹)

’Øu<” uõèU ›LÑ–<ƒU:: g=¯−‹ ›=TTI”

(S]’ƒ”) Ÿ²` ¨ÃU ¨<`e Ò` ›Áò¨< ›Ã}¨<

›Á¨<lU:: kÅU c=M õ”Å}ÑKç¨< ›=TU (S])

S°c<U (õ”Ÿ”-¾Ki) SJ” ›Kuƒ:: uG<K<U I´w

Là ¾uLÃ’ƒ” ¾}Ô“çð“ u›LI ¾}S[Ö SJ”

›Kuƒ::

J•U ÜÁK<“ Áh¨<” ›É^Ñ> ›LI u’w¿ ›=w^H>U

upÆc< ’wà (c.®.¨) Là uªK¨< ¨Å` ¾Ki ìÒ¨<'

õ¨<’{¨<“ u}Óv` ¾{¾¨< c=J” ’wÁ~” ¾}Ÿ<

§K=ó−‹ (›=TV‹) uS<K< ¾}Ñ–<ƒ Ÿ’wÁ~

u?}cw “†¨<:: ¾S]’~” (¾›=TT’~”) Seð`ƒ

TVLƒ ¾T>‹K< c−‹U ¾}Ñ–<ƒ Ÿ²` N[Ò†¨<

w‰ ’u`::

178

ªu= SéQõƒªu= SéQõƒªu= SéQõƒªu= SéQõƒ

− ›u< Ǩ<É' c<KÃT” ›=w” ›M-›i ›e ›M-›´Ç=

›e-dÍ=eታ’>: ›e-c<’”' "Ãa (k.¾)

− ›u< ›M-òÇ°' ›=TS<Ç=”' ›=eT›=M ›=w” ›K=

›=w” TIS<É ›M-›¿u=: ›ƒ-�]¡ (›M-S<¦}c`

›M-ug`)' u?\ƒ (k.¾)

− ›ISÉ' ›u< ›wÅLI' ›ISÉ ›=w” S<NSÉ ›=w”

G”uM: ›M-S<e’É' "Ãa 1313 H>Ï^

− S<GSÉ �“ ›T>\ Ç=”& ñMŸ<’̓ ò ›=TTI ¨

cLƒ' LJ`' 2— � ƒU 1950

− ›M-›LTI ›M-H>K=' ›u< S”c<`' ›M-Gc” ›=w”

¿c<õ ›=w” ›K= ›=w” ›M-S<ÖG` ›M-›cÇ=: ›M-vu<

›M-HÇ= ›g`' Eng. Tr, W.M. Miller, Luzac and

Co.,London 1958

− ›M-›T>”' Gc”: ›=eLT>¡ g=¯ ›=”dáKAúÇ=Á'

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− ›M-›T>’>' ›i-g?á ›wÆ ›M-G<c?Ô ›=w” ›ISÉ

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1967

− ›U]ƒd]' ›<uÃÅLI: ›`ÍG< ›M-S×K=w' LJ`

1318 H>Ï^

− ›M-›Ág=' ›u< ’É`' S<GSÉ ›=w” Se›<É ›e-

c<KT> ›e-cS`k”Ç=: ›ƒ-}õc=`' }I^” (k.¾)

− ›M-uÑ©' ›u< S<NSÉ' ›M-G<c?Ô ›=w” Se›<É

›i-hò¯>: ›ƒ-}õc=` (S°K=S< ò }”²=M)' u¾›M-

Ÿ”²= ›ƒ-}õc=` ¾Ó`Ñ@ Te�¨h "Ãa 1955

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− ›M-uÃHm' ›u< ›wÅLI' S<NSÉ ›=w” ›M-

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’<u<ªI' "Ãa 1969

− ›M-u<¥]' ›u< ›wÅLI' S<NSÉ ›=w” ›=eT›=M:

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(›e-dò)' ÖI^” 1374 H>Ï^

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(›L ›e-cH>¤Ã”)' GÃÅ[vÉ 1335 H>Ï^

− ›M-GŸ=U' ›e-cÃÉ S<Ic=” ›M-ÖvÖv›=: T>”GÌ

dK=H>”' Ç\ ²G^' u?\ƒ' 10— � ƒU

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− ›=w” ›wÉM u`' ›u< ›<S`' ¿c<õ ›=w” ›wÅLI

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u¡` ›=w” kÀT> ›M-˨<²=ÁI ›É-Ç=Sim ›i-

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S<eK=U ›É-Ç=“ª]: ›M-›=TTI ¨ c=ÁdI' "Ãa

1967 �“ u?\ƒ 1981

− ›=w” c¯É ›wÅLI' SNSÉ ›=w” c¯É ›M-

vÓÇÇ=: ›M-Öunƒ (›M-Ÿu`)' u?\ƒ (k.¾)

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›KM S³H>u= ›M-›`u¯' u?\ƒ 1919

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S<NSÉ }m: u=H\ ›M-›”ª`' }I^” 1392 H>Ï^

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›M-S<¨×°' "Ãa 1353 H>Ï^

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− MILLER, W.M., ›M-›LTI” ÃSMŸ~

− MIR AHMED ALI S.V., The Holy Quran, with English

translation and commentary, Karachi, 1964

182

− T>` ¦ª”É' S<NSÉ ›=w” ¦ª”É gI ›=w”

TIS<É: [¨<Å~ có°' ’ªM Ÿ=j` K<¡•¨< (k.¾)

− ›M-S<òÉ' ›i-g?á' ›u< ›wÅLI' S<NSÉ ›=w”

S<NSÉ ›=w” ›”’<°T”: ›M-›=`hÉ' }I^”'

1951 (¾�”ÓK=´— ƒ`Ñ<U I.K.H. Howard K”Å” 1981)

− ›M-S<Ó’>ÁI' S<NSÉ ËªÉ: ðMcðƒ ›=eLT>ÁI'

Ç\ }°\õ' u?\ƒ 1978

− ›M-S<Nmp ›M-H>K=' ’ÏS<Ç=”' ›u< ›M-nc=U'

Í°ð` ›=w” ›M-Gc”' ›=w” c¯>É ›M-G<³K=:

g^›=›< ›M-›=eLU' (Ÿ=ታu< ’>"I)' ›”-’Ëõ ›M-

›i[õ (›=^p) 1969

− ›M-S<H>w ›M-Öu]' S<H>u<Ç=”' ›u< ›M-›ve'

›ISÉ ›=w” ›wÅLI ›i-hò¯>: ²"›=` ›M-›<pv (ò

S“mu= ²© ›M-l`v)' u?\ƒ 1974

− S<eK=U' ›u< ›M-G<c?Ô' S<eK=U ›=w” ›M-NÍÏ

›”-’Ãdu<]: ›e-cH>I' "Ãa (k.¾)

− ›M-S<ታm ›M-H>”Ç=' ›L ›<Ç=”' ›K= ›=w” G<dT>

Ç=”: Ÿ”²<M-›<TM' GÃÅ^vÉ 1968

− ’ÏS< ›M-Gc”' cÃÉ: ›”-’<u<ªI ¨ ›M-¤=K=óI'

ƒ`Ñ<U K=n° ›K= HÃÅ]' K<¡•¨<' 1964

− ›”-’c›=' ›u< ›wÆ^IT”' ›ISÉ ›=w” ›K= ›i-

hò¯>: ›M-¤d ›=c< ›M-›K©ÁI' Ówê 1948 H>Ï^

− ’ªw ›ISÉ G<c?Ô ¥”: ታ]¡ ›ISÇ=' Hp w^²`e

(S¡}u ]´y=Á)' LJ` (k.¾)

− NICHOLSON, R.A. (1868-1945): A Literary History of the

Arabs, Cambridge, 1979

− ›M-lT>' g?á ›ve: cò’ƒ ›M-u=H`' ›”-’Ëõ

›M-›i[õ 1355 H>Ï^

− ›M-l”Ʋ=' ›e-cÃÉ c<KÃT” ›=w” ›=w^H>U ›M-

G’ò: ¾“u=° ›M-S¨ÇI' ›=eታ”u<M 1301 H>Ï^

183

− ›`-^Ç=' ›i-g]õ' ›u< ›M-Gc”' S<NSÉ ›=w”

›M-G<c?Ô ›M-S<d©: ’IÌ ›M-uKÑI' u?\ƒ 1967

− ›`-^²=' ð¦\ Ç=”' S<NSÉ ›=w” ›<S` ›i-

hò¯>: ›ƒ-}õc=\ ›M-Ÿu=`' "Ãa 1938

− RIZVI, S.S.A: Prophethood, Dar-es-Salaam (Tanzania), 2nd

ed., 1975

− Justice of God, Mombasa (Kenya), ed., 1980

− ›e-cÆp' ›u< Í°ð`' S<NSÉ ›=w” ›K= ›=w”

›M-G<c?Ô' ›=w” vvªÃI ›M-lT>: ´LK< g^›=°'

›”-’Ëõ ›M-›i[õ 1966

− SEDILLOT, L.P.E.A., Historie des Arabes, (Arabic

translation Adil Zu’aytir), Cairo, 1948

− c=wØ ›=w” ›M-˨<²=' gUc<Ç=”' ¿c<õ ›=w” m³-

›<Ñ>M ›=w” ›wÅLI ›M-G’ò' }´Ÿ=[ƒ ¤ªc= ›M-

›<TI' }I^” (k.¾)

− c=Ç=p Gc” ¥”: S”GÌ ›M-¬c<M ›=L ›=eÖ=LH>

›HÇ=c= [c<M' I”É (k.¾)

− ›M-c<¿Ö=' ËLK<Ç=”' ›wÆ^IT” ›=w” ›u= u¡`

›=w” S<NSÉ ›i-hò¯>: K<vu< ’lM ò ›evu=

’<²<M' Ÿ }õc=` ›M-ËLKÔ Ò` ¾ታ}S' Ç\M

Ÿ=ታu= ›M-›[u=' u?\ƒ (k.¾) #ታ]¡ ›M-¤<K<ó°$'

"Ãa' 1952 ”ÓK=´— ƒ`Ñ<U Major H.s. Jarret, u

#¾¥K=õ ታ]¡$ `°e e`' "^ˆ 1977

− ›É-Æ\ ›M-S”c<`' u?\ƒ (k.¾)

− ›M-Öu]' ›=w” Ë]`' S<NSÉ: ታ]¡ ›M-›<SU

¨ ›M-S<K<¡' KÃÅ” 1980 እ“ Ówê (k.¾)

− ›ƒ-}õc=` (ÍT>° ›M-uÁ” ò }õc=] ›M-l`¯”)'

Ówê' u<Lp 1326 H>Ï^

184

− ›ƒ-}õታ³’>' c¯ÆÇ=”' Se›<É ›=w” ›<S` ›i-

hò¯>: g`I ›nÃÇ= ›”-’cò' ›=eታ”u<M' 1326

H>Ï^

− g`G< ›M-Snc=É ›M-×K=v”' ›=eታ”u<M' 1305

H>Ï^

− ›M-+`T>²=' ›u< ›=d' S<NSÉ ›=w” ›=d ›e-

c<KT>: ›M-cH>I' "Ãa 1292 H>Ï^

− ªH>Æ ²T”: }õc=` ªH>Ç=' LJ` (k.¾)

− ›”ª` ›M-K<ÒI' v”ÓKA` 1334 H>Ï^

− ›M-ªH>Ç=' ›u<M Gc”' ›K= ›=w” S<NSÉ ›M-

hò¯>' ›evu<M ’<²<M (k.¾)

− ›M-Á°lu=' ›=w” ªÇ=I' ›ISÉ ›=w” ›=eGp: ›M-

ታ]¡ u?\ƒ' 1960

− ›M-²S¦g]' TIS<É ›=w” ›<S` ›M-G’ò: ›M-

}õc=` (›M-Ÿhõ)' u?\ƒ (k.¾)