SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI

2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood

SISTEM INFORMASI SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSIAKUNTANSI

ACCOUNT ACCOUNT RECEIVABLES RECEIVABLES

BUSINESS PROCESSBUSINESS PROCESSAND CASH SALESAND CASH SALES


Learning Objective 1Learning Objective 1

Describe the customer accountDescribe the customer account

management business process.management business process.


Customer Account Customer Account Management Business ProcessManagement Business Process

The The customer account managementcustomer account managementbusiness processbusiness process includes accounts includes accounts

receivable processing throughreceivable processing throughthe collection of customerthe collection of customer

payments on account.payments on account.



Accounts receivableAccounts receivable also alsomaintains customer credit andmaintains customer credit andpayment history information.payment history information.

This information is essential inThis information is essential inthe customer order managementthe customer order management

business process.business process.



A subsidiary ledger of individualA subsidiary ledger of individualaccounts is maintained, with aaccounts is maintained, with a

control account in the general ledger.control account in the general ledger.

Remittance advices are routedRemittance advices are routedfrom the cash receipts functions.from the cash receipts functions.

Credit memos and other invoice adjustmentsCredit memos and other invoice adjustmentsare routed from the billing department.are routed from the billing department.



There are two basic approaches toThere are two basic approaches toan accounts receivable application.an accounts receivable application.

What are these approaches?What are these approaches?

1. Open-item processing1. Open-item processing

2. Balance-forward processing2. Balance-forward processing


Learning Objective 2Learning Objective 2

Illustrate controls that apply toIllustrate controls that apply to

accounts receivable processing.accounts receivable processing.


Controls in the AccountsControls in the AccountsReceivable Business ProcessReceivable Business Process

RemittanceRemittanceadvicesadvices

RemittanceRemittanceadvicesadvices

ReturnedReturnedgoodsgoods

ControlControltotaltotal

ControlControltotaltotal

PostPost

AccountsAccountsReceivableReceivable

CashCashReceiptsReceiptsCustomerCustomer ReceivingReceiving

GeneralGeneralLedgerLedger



AccountsAccountsReceivableReceivableBillingBillingReceivingReceiving CreditCredit


JournalJournalvouchervoucher

JournalJournalvouchervoucher

InvoicesInvoices ControlControltotalstotals

ControlControltotalstotals

Sales returnSales returnmemomemo



IndependentIndependentcountcount

ApproveApprovesales returnsales return



AccountsAccountsReceivableReceivableBillingBillingCreditCreditCustomerCustomer

StatementsStatements StatementsStatements

Aged trialAged trialbalancebalance


PeriodicPeriodicprocessingprocessing

CreditCreditmemomemo

CreditCreditmemomemo

PostPost


Write-Off Accounts ReceivableWrite-Off Accounts Receivable

The basic feature in a write-off processThe basic feature in a write-off processis an analysis of past-due accounts.is an analysis of past-due accounts.

This is usually done with anThis is usually done with anaged trial balance report.aged trial balance report.


Write-Off Accounts ReceivableWrite-Off Accounts Receivable


AccountsAccountsReceivableReceivableTreasurerTreasurer CreditCredit

InternalInternalAuditAudit

Write-offWrite-offmemomemo 11

2233

Write-offWrite-offmemomemo

33

FileFileWorthlessWorthless

account listaccount listWorthlessWorthless

account listaccount list



ControlControltotal oftotal of

write-offswrite-offs

ControlControltotal oftotal of

write-offswrite-offs

Confirmation of write-off sent to customerConfirmation of write-off sent to customer


11


11


Cash-Received-On-Account Cash-Received-On-Account Business ProcessBusiness Process

A A cash-received-on-account businesscash-received-on-account businessprocessprocess is used when there is an is used when there is an

existing customer account balance.existing customer account balance.

Cash received on account typicallyCash received on account typicallycomes into a business through thecomes into a business through the

mail or is paid in person to amail or is paid in person to acentral cashier or a cash window.central cashier or a cash window.



Customer payments shouldCustomer payments shouldalways be acknowledged.always be acknowledged.

The recorded receivable that existsThe recorded receivable that existsprior to the payment enhancesprior to the payment enhances

control over payments received.control over payments received.



The major control feature of The major control feature of cash-received-cash-received-on-account business processon-account business process is the is the

separation of the following functions:separation of the following functions:

MailroomMailroom Cash receiptsCash receipts

Accounts receivableAccounts receivable General ledgerGeneral ledger

BankBank Internal auditInternal audit

CASH-RECEIVED-ON-ACCOUNT BUSINESS PROCESSCASH-RECEIVED-ON-ACCOUNT BUSINESS PROCESS

MAILROOMMAILROOM

CUSTOMERS REMITTANCESON ACCOUNT

OPENMAIL

CHECKSREMITTANCEADVICES

ENDORSE& TOTAL

PREP.REMITT.

LIST

Separate Checks &Remittance Advices

A B

CASH-RECEIVED-ON-ACCOUNT BUSINESS PROCESSCASH-RECEIVED-ON-ACCOUNT BUSINESS PROCESS

MAILROOMMAILROOM

CHECKS

FORWARDTO CASHRECEIPTS

FORWARDTO A/R

C D

A B

REMITTANCEADVICES REMITTANCE

LISTCONTROL

TOTAL

APPROVEREMITT

LIST

CONTROLTOTAL

REMITTANCEADVICES

File by Date


ACCOUNT RECEIVABLEACCOUNT RECEIVABLE

The remittance advice are posted to the accounts

receivable ledger. The postings to the ledger are totaled.

The control total is balanced to the remittance list. The

agreement of these amounts is approved. The

remittance advices are sorted and filed by customer. The

remittance list and a copy of the control total of posting is

filed by date. A copy of the control total is forwarded to

the general ledger.


GENERAL LEDGERGENERAL LEDGER

The journal voucher from cash receipts and the control

total received from accounts receivable are compared. The

amounts are then posted to the general ledger. The source

of posting the general ledger is the cashier’s journal

voucher notification of the amount of the deposit of the

payments received. This amount must reconcile with the

total of items posted to the accounts receivable ledger. The

journal voucher and the control total are file by date.


EXERCISEEXERCISE

BANK:

The bank accepts the deposit and validates a copy of the deposit

slip. The validated copy of the deposit slip is returned to the internal

audit and filed by date.

INTERNAL AUDIT:

Internal audit receives the periodic bank statement. An

independent bank reconciliation is an important control in a cash-

received-on-account business process.


Lock-Box Collection SystemsLock-Box Collection Systems

It is the time between the signing of theIt is the time between the signing of thepayment check by the customer and thepayment check by the customer and themoment the firm has use of the funds.moment the firm has use of the funds.

A lock-box system reduces the float byA lock-box system reduces the float byhaving the checks deposited to a firm’shaving the checks deposited to a firm’saccount before the firm processes them.account before the firm processes them.


Cash Sales Business ProcessCash Sales Business Process

The significant difference between aThe significant difference between a cash cashsales business processsales business process and a and a cash-received-cash-received-

on-account business processon-account business process is that there is that thereis no previous asset record in a cashis no previous asset record in a cash

sales business process.sales business process.

Cash sales are recorded in a cash register orCash sales are recorded in a cash register orother secure device to provide documentation.other secure device to provide documentation.



It is a general term used to describeIt is a general term used to describeprocedures in which the customerprocedures in which the customer

acts as a control over the initialacts as a control over the initialdocumentation of a transaction.documentation of a transaction.



What are some of these procedures?What are some of these procedures?

Pricing in such a way thatPricing in such a way thatthe customer expects changethe customer expects change

Awarding a customer freeAwarding a customer freeitems if the receipt has a markitems if the receipt has a mark


PERTANYAAN ??PERTANYAAN ????

SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI

Documents

Transcript of SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI