SIMULASI DAN ANALISIS SOFTSWITCH DENGAN PENDEKATAN INTERAKSI ELEMEN FUNGSIONAL

DALAM PENANGANAN TRAFIK PANGGILAN TELEPON

TESIS

Karya tulis sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Magister dari

Institut Teknologi Bandung

Oleh

ASEP MULYANA

NIM : 23205016

Program Studi Teknik Elektro

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG 2008

SIMULASI DAN ANALISIS SOFTSWITCH DENGAN PENDEKATAN INTERAKSI ELEMEN FUNGSIONAL

DALAM PENANGANAN TRAFIK PANGGILAN TELEPON

Oleh Asep Mulyana

Menyetujui

Pembimbing I, Pembimbing II,

Dr. Kuspriyanto Dr. Aciek Ida W.D.

i

ABSTRAK

SIMULASI DAN ANALISIS SOFTSWITCH DENGAN PENDEKATAN INTERAKSI ELEMEN FUNGSIONAL

DALAM PENANGANAN TRAFIK PANGGILAN TELEPON

Oleh Asep Mulyana

NIM : 23205016 PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK ELEKTRO

Softswitch merupakan arsitektur sistem switching yang menyediakan fungsi

kontrol panggilan pada jaringan IP. Softswitch dirancang sebagai perbaikan sistem circuit switch yang ada saat ini yaitu SPC digital switch pada PSTN/PLMN dan sekaligus sebagai jembatan dalam evolusinya menuju NGN. Elemen kontrol, transpor dan aplikasi pada Softswitch dirancang terpisah (independen) dan lebih bersifat terbuka. Dalam implementasinya pada jaringan IP masing-masing elemen fungsional dapat berada pada lokasi yang berbeda (terpisah secara geografis) dengan area layanan yang ebih luas dimana pengontrolan dilakukan secara terpusat sehingga berpotensi terjadinya kemacetan yang dapat mengakibatkan peningkatan kelambatan (delay) dalam pelayanan. Maka dalam perencanaan (rekayasa jaringan) diperlukan suatu metoda untuk menjaga agar beroperasi dalam batas-batas kualitas yang telah distandarkan.

Dalam tesis ini dirancang pemodelan dan simulasi interaksi antar elemen fungsional Softswitch dalam penanganan panggilan (aspek kontrol/signaling) dengan mengambil tiga skenario, yaitu panggilan pada Softswitch Class 5, pada Softswitch Class 4 dan IP Phone (pada LAN). Dari masing-masing skenario dibangkitkan trafik panggilan secara simultan dan independen serta pemrosesan pada tiap elemen fungsional (Access Gateway, Signaling Gateway, Trunk Gateway) dimana Softswitch sebagai pusat kontrol melalui mekanisme protokol komunikasi.

Dalam pengujian/verifikasi, Softswitch dipandang sebagai suatu sistem antrian dimana pengamatan difokuskan pada karakteristik lama waktu pemrosesan (delay) pada Softswitch sebagai fungsi dari variabel beban masukan (laju kedatangan). Akurasi hasil pengujian/verifikasi diukur berdasarkan deviasi karakteristik delay terhadap model acuan sistem antrian M/G/1. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan akurasi call stup delay dengan deviasi rata-rata sebesar 4 %. Kata kunci : softswitch, media gateway controller, signaling gateway, access

gateway, trunk gateway, ss7, sigtran, megaco, SIP, delay, packet loss

ii

ABSTRACT

SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE SOFTSWITCH BASED ON LOGICAL FUNCTIONAL ENTITIES

TO HANDLE TELEPHONE CALL

By Asep Mulyana

NIM : 23205016 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDY PROGRAM

Softswitch is an architecture comprises of entities that provided call control in IP networks. Sofswitch designed to improve the weakness of trditional switch (SPC digital circuit switch) in PSTN/PLMN. Softswitch also as intermediate to bring evolution of PSTN/NGN towards NGN. Softswitch architecture separate among control part, application and transport part. By this way, softswitch architecture can be developed independently among it’s element (parts). Softswitch elements may be placed far away each other geographically over IP networks to cover the large area networks with high traffic intensity of subscribers activity. Softswitch element (or known as Media Gateway Controller / MGC) is a central control part of the architecture, controls the other parts or elements (i.e one or more Access Gateway(s)/AG, Signaling Gateway(s)/SG, Trunk Gaway(s)/TG) over IP networks. This situation potentially increase of Softswitch delay that could be decrease it’s performance and it means decrease of subscriber Quality of Service (QoS).

This thesis simulate how the softswitch handels the call in three scenarios. The first one is to handle the call request between two Access Gateway’s subscriber (known as, the Class 5 Softswitch architecture), the second, is call request between two PSTN subscribers that connected to a Signaling Gateway and a Trunk Gateway respectively (known as, the Class 4 Softswitch architecture), and the third scenario is the call between two SIP phone that connected to the Local Area Networks. Each scenario generate call request independently to achieve multi threading level. Each call consits two steps, i.e. call setup and clear down, each simulate processing of protocol communication between Softswitch and other elements (simulate standard protocols : SS7, Sigtran, Megaco and SIP) and also simulate internal processing of each element (Access Gateway, Signaling Gateway, Trunk Gateway and Softswitch itself). The output of simulator examine and verify using M/G/1 queueing model.

Simulation show that call setup delay characteristic has almost the same with the queueing model M/G/1 with deviation 4% (the standard is below 5%). Mean of call setup delay is 187 ms, it means the simulator has equivalent with 19251 BHCA of Softswitch capacity. Keywords : softswitch, media gateway controller, signaling gateway, access

gateway, trunk gateway, ss7, sigtran, megaco, SIP, delay.

iii

PEDOMAN PENGGUNAAN TESIS

Tesis S2 yang tidak dipublikasikan, terdaftar dan tersedia di Perpustakaan Institut

Teknologi Bandung, dan terbuka untuk umum dengan ketentuan bahwa hak cipta ada

pada pengarang. Referensi kepustakaan diperkenankan dicatat, tetapi pengutipan atau

peringkasan hanya dapat dilakukan seizin pengarang dan harus disertai dengan kebiasaan

ilmiah untuk menyebutkan sumbernya.

Memperbanyak atau menerbitkan sebagian atau seluruh tesis haruslah seizin Direktur

Program Pascasarjana, Institut Teknologi Bandung.

Perpustakaan yang meminjam tesis ini untuk keperluan anggotanya harus mengisi nama

dan tanda tangan peminjam dan tanggal pinjam.

iv

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur penulis panjatkan ke hadirat Allah SWT, yang atas rahmat dan karunia Nya

penulis dapat menyelesaikan tesis ini. Shalawat dan salam semoga tercurah kepada

Rasulullah Muhammad SAW beserta keluarganya.

Selama melaksanakan tesis ini, penulis mendapat bantuan dan dukungan dari berbagai

pihak. Untuk itu, penulis ingin mengucapkan terima kasih kepada :

1. Bapak Kuspriyanto, selaku pembimbing I, yang telah mencurahkan perhatian dan

waktunya dalam penyelesaian tesis ini;

2. Ibu Aciek Ida W, selaku pembimbing II, yang telah banyak memberikan

bimbingan dan semangat dalam menyelesaikan tesis ini;

3. Dolly Septika (IT TELKOM) yang telah banyak memberikan bantuan dalam

diskusi materi bahan tulisan sehingga dapat tersusunnya tesis ini;

4. Jaka Ritonga (IT TELKOM) yang telah banyak memberikan bantuan dalam

penyusunan program simulasi sehingga dapat tersusunnya tesis ini;

5. Sholekan (IT TELKOM) yang telah memberikan bantuan dalam pengolahan data

hasil simulasi;

6. Semua pihak yang tidak mungkin dapat penulis sebutkan satu persatu yang telah

memberikan bantuan berupa dorongan semangat/spirit serta doanya.

Penulis menyadari bahwa tesis ini bukanlah tanpa kelemahan, untuk itu kritik dan saran

sangat diharapkan.

Akhir kata, semoga tesis ini dapat bermanfaat bagi para pembacanya.

Bandung, September 2008

Penulis

v

DAFTAR ISI

Halaman

ABSTRAK .................................................................................................................. i

ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ ii

PEDOMAN PENGGUNAAN TESIS ......................................................................... iii

KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................. iv

DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................ v

DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................................

DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................................

DAFTAR SINGKATAN ........................................................................................... viii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................... xii

BAB I. PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................... 1

I.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ............................................................................. 1

I.2 Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................................ 2

I.3 Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................................... 3

I.4 Batasan Masalah .......................................................................................... 3

I.5 Metodologi Penelitian ................................................................................. 5

I.6 Sistematikan Pembahasan ............................................................................ 5

BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................... 7

II.1 Softswitch .................................................................................................. 7

II.1.1 Arsitektur Softswitch ............................................................................ 7

II.1.1.2 Bidang Kontrol dan Pensinyalan (Call Control & Signaling Plane) ... 10

II.1.1.3 Bidang Layanan dan Aplikasi (Service & Application Plane) .............. 10

II.1.1.4 Bidang Manajemen ................................................................................ 10

II.1.2 Entitas Fungsional (Functional Entities) .................................................. 11

II.1.3 Pemetaan Elemen Fungsional dan Protokol dalam Jaringan Softswitch .. 13

II.1.3.1 Elemen Jaaringan Softswitch dalam Implementasi ............................... 14

II.1.3.2 Protokol Dalam Jaringan Softswitch ................................................... 17

II.1.3.3 Proses Komunikasi ............................................................................... 19

vi

Halaman

II.2. Protokol Komunikasi ................................................................................ 24

II.2.1 Signaling System No. 7 (SS7) ................................................................ 24

II.2.1.1 Protockol Stack ................................................................................... 25

II.2.1.2 Struktur Pesan ISUP ............................................................................ 27

II.2.2 Signaling Transport (Sigtran) ................................................................. 28

II.2,2.1 Protocol Stack ...................................................................................... 29

II.2.2.2 MTP3 User Adaptation (M3UA) ......................................................... 30

II.2.3 Media Gateway Control Protocol ........................................................... 31

II.2.3.1 Protocol Stack ...................................................................................... 32

II.2.4 Session Initial Protocol (SIP) ................................................................. 37

II.2.4.1 Message Pada SIP ................................................................................ 38

II.3 Teori Trafik ................................................................................................. 40

II.3.1 Pola Kedatangan ..................................................................................... 41

II.3.2. Pola Pelayanan ....................................................................................... 4.2

II.3.3 Sistem Tunggu (Delay System) .............................................................. 43

II.3.3.1 Sistem Antrian Model M/M/1 .............................................................. 44

II.4. Quality of Service (QoS) dan Standarisasi Post Dialling Delay (PDD) ... 45

BAB III. PEMODELAN DAN SIMULASI ............................................................... 47

III.1 Tahap-tahap Perancangan ........................................................................ 47

III.2 Diskripsi Permasalahan ............................................................................. 48

III.2.1 DelayBudget Untuk Softswitch ............................................................... 48

III.2.2 Komponen Delay Pada Softswitch ........................................................ 48

III.3 Batasan (ruang lingkup) Simulasi dan Metodologi .................................. 50

III.3.1 Konfigurasi Jaringan yang Disimulasikan ............................................ 50

III.3.2 Bagian-bagian yang Disimulasikan dan Pemodelan ............................ 51

III.3.2.1 Pembangkitan Sumber Panggilan (Traffic Generator) ....................... 54.

III.3.2.2 Pembuatan Basis Data ........................................................................ 56

III.3.2.3 Pemodelan dan Simulasi Proses Panggilan ........................................ 59

III.3.2.3.1 Proses Komunikasi Antar Elemen Jaringan .................................... 60

vii

Halaman

III.3.2.3.1.1 Skenario Panggilan Jika Pelanggan Yang Dituju Bebas ............... 62

III.3.2.3.1.2 Skenario Panggilan Jika Pelanggan Yang Dituju Sibuk ............... 63

III.3.2.3.2 Proses Internal Tiap elemen Jaringan .............................................. 66

III.3.2.3.2.1 Access Gateway ........................................................................... 66

III.3.2.3.2.2 Signaling Gateway ........................................................................ 67

III.3.2.3.2.3 Softswitch .................................................................................... 67

III.3.3 Pemodelan Dengan Unified Modeling Language (UML) ..................... 69

BAB IV. PENGUJIAN DAN ANALISIS ............................................................... 74

IV.1 Skenario Pengujian................................................................................... 74

IV.2 Pengujian ................................................................................................ 75

IV.3 Analisis dan Verifikasi ............................................................................ 79

IV.3.1 Analisis Urutan Proses Panggilan ......................................................... 79

IV.3.2 Analisis Karakteristik Masukan (Traffic Generator) ............................ 80

IV.3.3. Analisis Karakteristik Keluaran (delay) pada Softswitch .................... 81

IV.3.4 Analisis Perbandingan Delay Hasil Simulasi dan Model Antrian M/G/1 85

BAB V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................... 89

V.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................................. 89

V.2 Saran .......................................................................................................... 90

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................... 91

viii

DAFTAR SINGKATAN

Singkatan Nama Pemakaian pertama kali pada halaman

3G Third Generation 3GPP 3G Partnership Project (UMTS) AAA Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (IETF) ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line A-F (Call) Accounting Function (e.g. AAA) (ISC) 2 AG Access Gateway 2 AGS-F Access Gateway Signaling Function (ISC) AIN Advanced Intelligent Network AN Access Network API Application Programming Interface AS Application Server 2 AS-F Application Server Function (ISC) ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATU-R ADSL Terminal Unit-Remote AuC Authentication Center (GSM) BG Border Gateway BICC Bearer Independent Call Control (ITU Q.1901) BSSAP Base Station Subsystem Application Part (GSM, 3GPP) CA Call Agent CA-F Call Agent Function (ISC) CAMEL Customized Applications for Mobile Network Enhanced

Logic (GSM) CAP CAMEL Application Part (GSM, 3GPP) CLI Common Language Infrastructure CM Cable Modem CMTS Cable Modem Termination System (DOCSIS,

PacketCable) COPS Common Open Policy Protocol (IEFT RFC 2748) CPL Call Processing Language DiffServ Differentiated Services DOCSIS Data Over Cable System Interface Specification DQoS Dynamic Quality of Service DSL Digital Subscriber Line DSLAM DSL Access Multiplexer DTMF Dual Tone/Multiple Frequency

ix

ENUM E.164 Numbering (IETF RFC 2916)

Singkatan Nama Pemakaian pertama kali pada halaman

FRF 7 FS Feature Server GGSN Gateway GPRS System Node (GPRS, 3GPP) GK Gatekeeper GMSC Gateway Mobile Services Switching Center (GSM,

3GPP) GPRS General Packet Radio Service GSM Global System for Mobility HFC Hybrid Fiber/Cable HLR Home Location Register (GSM, 3GPP) HSS Home Subscriber System (3GPP) HTTP Hyper Text Transport Protocol (IETF) IAD Integrated Access Device IETF Internet Engineering Task Force IN Intelligent Network INAP Intelligent Network Application Protocol IP Internet Protocol 1 IPCC International Packet Communication Consortium 7 ISC International Softswitch Consortium 1 ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network ISUP Integrated Services Digital Network User Part (SS7) ITU-T International Telecommunications Union 4 IUA ISDN User Adaptation IVR Interactive Voice Response IW-F Inter-working Function (ISC) JAIN Java Application Interface Network LAN LOcal Area Networks 4 LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (IEFT) M3UA MTP3 User Adaptation (IETF SIGTRAN) MAP Mobile Application Part (GSM, 3GPP) MEGACO MEdia GAteway COntrol (IETF RFC 3015 or ITU

H.248) MG Media Gateway i MGC Media Gateway Controller i MGC-F Media Gateway Controller Function (ISC) 7 MGCP MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol (IETF RFC

2705)

x

Singkatan Nama Pemakaian pertama kali pada halaman

MG-F Media Gateway Function (ISC) MMAS Mobile Multimedia Application Server (3GPP) MMCS Mobile Multimedia Call Server (3GPP) MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching 7 MS Media Server MSC Mobile Services Switching Center (GSM, 3GPP) MSF Multiservice Switching Forum 1 MS-F Media Server Function (ISC) MTA Multimedia Terminal Adaptor (PacketCable) NCS Network Call/Control Signaling (PacketCable) NGN Next Generation Networks 1 OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer OSA Open Service Access (3GPP) OSS Operational Support System PBX Private Branch eXchange PLMN Public Land Mobile Network (3GPP, UMTS) i POTS Plain Old Telephone Service PSE Personal Service Environment (3GPP) PSTN Public Switch Telephone Networks i QoS Quality of Service 1 RAN Radio Access Network RANAP Radio Access Network Application Part (3GPP) R-F (Call) Routing Function (ISC) RFC Request For Comment (IETF) RG Residential Gateway RSVP RSVP Resource ReSerVation Protocol (IETF) 7 RTCP RTCP Real Time Transport Control Protocol (IETF) 7 RTP RTP Real Time Transport Protocol (IETF RFC 1889) 7 SC-F Service Control Function (ISC) SCP Service Control Point SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol SDP Session Description Protocol SG Signaling Gateway i SG-F Signaling Gateway Function (ISC) SGSN SGSN Serving GPRS System Node (GPRS, 3GPP) SIP SIP Session Initiation Protocol (IETF) i SIGTRAN SIGTRAN SIGnaling TRANsport (IETF M3UA, IUA,

xi

SUA, V5UA Drafts) SIP-T SIP-T SIP For Telephony (IETF Draft) SNMP SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

Singkatan Nama Pemakaian pertama kali pada halaman

SPS-F SPS-F SIP Proxy Server Function (ISC) SS7 Signaling System No. 7 i SUA SUA SCCP User Adaptation (IETF SIGTRAN) TCAP TCAP Transaction Capability Application Part (SS7) TDM Time Division Multiplexing 1 TG Trunk or Trunking Gateway 4 TGCP Trunking Gateway Control Protocol TLA Three-Letter Acronym TRIP Telephony Routing over IP (IETF RFC 2871) TUA TCAP User Adaptation (IETF SIGTRAN) UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System V5UA V5 User Adaptation (IETF SIGTRAN) VAD Voice Activity Detection VLR Visitor Location Register (GSM, 3GPP) VoDSL Voice over DSL VoIP Voice over IP WAP Wireless Application Protocol WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access XML Extensible Markup Language BCFE Bearer Control Functional Entity CC Connection Control CCI Connection Control Interface CN Core Network CPN Customer Premises Network DiffServ Differentiated Services FE Functional Entity GW Gateway IETF Internet Engineering Task Force IN Intelligent Network INI Inter-Network Interface IP Internet Protocol IPDV IP Packet Delay Variation

xii

IPLR IP Packet Loss Ratio IPTD IP Packet Transfer Delay MCU Multipoint Control Unit MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching NC Network Control NCI Network Control Interface NNI Network-Network Interface NSIS Next Step in Signalling QoS Quality of Service SC Switch Control SCI Switching Control Interface SeCFE Session Control Functional Entity SFE Switching Functional Entity SvCFE Service Control Functional Entity TE Terminal Equipment UDP User Datagram Protocol UNI User-Network Interface VOD Video On Demand VoIP Voice over IP

xii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Halaman

LAMPIRAN A : Diagram Call Flow Skenario I, II, III (kondisi B bebas/sibuk)

A.1 Call Flow Skenario I (Access Gateway), pelanggan B bebas …………… A1

A.2 Call Flow Skenario I (Access Gateway), pelanggan B sibuk …………… A2

A.3 Call Flow Skenario II (Signaling Gateway), pelanggan B bebas ……… A3

A.4 Call Flow Skenario II (Signaling Gateway), pelanggan B sibuk ………… A4

A.5 Call Flow Skenario III (SIP Phone), pelanggan B bebas …………….…… A5

A.6 Call Flow Skenario III (SIP Phone), pelanggan B sibuk ………..……… A6

LAMPIRAN B : Diagram Alir Proses Internal Tiap Elemen

B.1 Access Gateway (Skenario I) ………………………………….… B1

B.2 Signaling Gateway (Skenario II) …………………………………. B2

B.3 SIP Phone (Skenario III) ………………………………….… B3

LAMPIRAN C : Sampel hasil pencatatan (message capture), txt file call data record

C.1 Skenario I : pelanggan B bebas C1

C.5 Skenario I : pelanggan B sibuk C5

C.6 Skenario II : pelanggan B bebas C6

C.10 Skenario II: pelanggan B sibuk C10

C.12 Skenario III : pelanggan B bebas C12

C.14 Skenario III : pelanggan B sibuk C14

LAMPIRAN D :

D.1 Contoh Sampel Tabel hasil rekap (hasil parsing dari File txt) ………….… D1

LAMPIRAN E :

E.1 Tabel Data Waktu Antar Kedatangant ……………………………………… E1

LAMPIRAN F : Pemetaan Komponen Delay Softswitch pada Diagram Call Flow

xiii

F.1 Skenario I : pelanggan B bebas F1

F.2 Skenario I : pelanggan B sibuk F2

F.3 Skenario II : pelanggan B bebas F3

F.4 Skenario II: pelanggan B sibuk F4

F.5 Skenario III : pelanggan B bebas F5

F.6 Skenario III : pelanggan B sibuk F6

LAMPIRAN G : Tabel Analisis & Verifikasi Komponen Delay pada Softswitch

G.1 Tabel Delay Hasil Simulasi dan Perhitungan Model M/G/1……………… G1

G.2 Tabel Perbandingan Hasil Simulasi dan Model M/G/1……………………… G2

G3. Tabel Perbandingan Hasil Simulasi dan Model M/G/1……………………… G3