Saha Soneri Pane 1 (Marathi)

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    : The Greek army refused to move an inch forward to face the(Bharatiya) nations whose very name, according to Alexander struck his

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    . When the Macedonian soldiers found that they had still on hand a

    fresh war in which the most warlike nations () would be their antagonists,

    they were struck with unexpected terror and began again to upbraid the king in

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    . ,The Indians being unwilling to aid to foreigners in the subjugation of their

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    ! . The gallant Defenders met a glorious death which they would

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    further resist the odds, they (the Agrashrenees) set their houses on fire and their

    wives and children and all threw thenselves into the flames !

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    . :Plutarch Thesephilosophers were specially marked down for revenge by Alexander as they

    gave him no less troubles than the mercenaries, they reviled the princes who

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    . Early History of India

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    . All these proceedings prove conclusively that Alexander

    intended the permanent annexation of those (Indian) provinces to his empire...

    But within three years of his departure from India (from 325 B.C. to 322 B.C.)

    his officers in India were ousted, his garrisons destroyed and all traces of his

    rule had disappeared. The colonies which he founded in India, no root. His

    campaign, though carefully designed to secure a permanent conquest was in

    actual effect no more than a brilliantly successful raid on a gigantic scale which

    left upon India no mark save the horrid sears of a bloody war India remained

    unchanged. She continued her life of splendid isolation and soon forgot the

    passing of the Macedonian Storm. No Indian author Hindu, Bhuddhist or Jain

    makes even the faintest allusion to Alexander or his deeds. (Page 110)

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    (Justin) :India after the death of Alexander had shaken as it were the yoke of servitude

    form its neck and put his governors to death. The author of this liberation was

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    The Early History of India

    : The Yavanas and all other rivals having been disposedoff in due course, Pushyamitra was justified in his claim to reign as the

    paramount power of North India and straightway proceeded to announce hissuccess by a magnificent celebration of the Ashwamedha sacrifice at his

    capital. (Page )

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    . The memorable Horse Sacrifice of Pushyamitra marked the

    beginning of Brahmanical (Vaidik ?) re-action which was fully developed by

    centuries later, in the time of Samudragupta & his successors... Its credit may

    be given to semimythological stories of Buddhist writers. Pushyamitra was not

    contented with the peaceful revivals of Hindu rites, but indulged in a savage

    persecution of Buddhism.... It will be rash to reject this tale as wholly baseless,

    although it may be exaggerated.... That such outbursts after all should have

    occurred is not wonderful if you consider the extreme oppressiveness of the

    Jain and Buddhist prohibition when ruthlessly enforced as they certainly were

    by some Rajas and probably by Ashok. The wonder rather is that presecutions

    were so rare. And that as a rule the various sects managed to live together in

    harmony and in the enjoyment of fairly impartial official favour. (Early

    History of India, Page, -)

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    , : We may feel assured that differences of a race, creed and

    manner supplied the Gupta monarch with special reasons for Desiring to

    suppress the impure foreign(

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    rulers of the Western India. ChandraguptaVikramaditya although tolerant of Buddhism and Jainism was himself an

    orthodox Hindu, especially devoted to the cult of Vishnu, and as such could not

    but have experienced peculiar satisfaction in Violently uprooting foreign

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    , : These foreign tribes Shakas, Pahlavas & Yavanas at the timesettled in Western India as the lords of a conquered native population were the

    objects of hostility of the Vaidik King Vilivayankur II.... He recovered the

    losses which his kingdom had suffered at the hands of the intruding foreigners

    and utterly destroyed the power of (the Shaka king) Nahpan. The hostility of

    the Andhra (Vaidik) monarch was stimulated by the disgust felt by all Hindus,

    and especially by the followers of the orthodox Bramhanical system at the

    outlandish foreign barbarians.

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    . . : The Huns were fully crushed within a

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    , After thedefeat of Mihiragul and the extinction of the Hun power on the Oxus, India

    enjoyed immunity from foreign attack for nearly five centuries.

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