PENCEGAHAN INFEKSIPENCEGAHAN INFEKSI (PI)(PI) dalam Pelayanan dalam Pelayanan Asuhan keperawatan Asuhan keperawatan MaternitasMaternitasBy.Ririn Harini.,S.Kep.Ns!"!AN PI!"!AN PIMeminimalkan infeksi yang Meminimalkan infeksi yang disebabkan oleh disebabkan oleh mikroorganismemikroorganismeMenurunkan resiko penularan Menurunkan resiko penularan penyakit yang mengancam penyakit yang mengancam jiwa spt hepatitis dan HIV / jiwa spt hepatitis dan HIV / AIDAIDSASA#AN PISASA#AN PIIBUIBUBAYI BARU LAHIRBAYI BARU LAHIRKELUARGAKELUARGAPENOLONG PERSALINANPENOLONG PERSALINANTENAGA KESEHATAN LAINTENAGA KESEHATAN LAINS!M$E# INFEKSIS!M$E# INFEKSIBIOLOGICALAGENTSBIOLOGICALAGENTSoBACTERIA, VIRUSES, FUNGI, PROTOZOA,BACTERIA, VIRUSES, FUNGI, PROTOZOA, RICKETTSIA RICKETTSIACHEMICALAGENTSCHEMICALAGENTSoPESTICIDES, FOOD ADDITIVES,PESTICIDES, FOOD ADDITIVES, MEDICATIONS, INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS MEDICATIONS, INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALSPHYSICALAGENTSPHYSICALAGENTSoHEAT ,LIGHT, NOISE , RADIATION HEAT ,LIGHT, NOISE , RADIATIONCHAIN OF INFECTIONCHAIN OF INFECTION1Etiologic g!"t#$ic%oo%g"i&$'(S)&c!*ti+l! ,o&t-R!&!%.oi% #&o)%c!'/Po%tl o0 !"t%1 to t,! &)&c!*ti+l! ,o&t2Po%tl o0 !3it 0%o$ %!&!%.oi%4M!t,o5 o0 t%"&$i&&io"RESERVOIRRESERVOIRHUMANS HUMANSRESPIRATORY TRACT, GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT,RESPIRATORY TRACT, GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, URINARY TRACT, REPRODUCTIVE TRACT,URINARY TRACT, REPRODUCTIVE TRACT, BLOOD,TISSUE BLOOD,TISSUEPLANTS PLANTSANIMALS ANIMALS INSECTS, BIRDS, CAT, ANOPHELES MOS6UITO INSECTS, BIRDS, CAT, ANOPHELES MOS6UITOGENERAL ENVIRONMENT GENERAL ENVIRONMENTPORTAL OF EXIT FROM RESERVOARPORTAL OF EXIT FROM RESERVOARRESPIRATORY TRACT 7 RESPIRATORY TRACT 7 NOSE 8 MOUTH # NOSE 8 MOUTH #SNEEZING,SNEEZING, COUGHING, BREATHING, TALKING' , TRACHEOSTOMIES COUGHING, BREATHING, TALKING' , TRACHEOSTOMIESGASTROINTESTINAL TRACT GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT 77 MOUTH #SALIVA,MOUTH #SALIVA, VOMITUS' , ANUS, DRAINAGE TUBES VOMITUS' , ANUS, DRAINAGE TUBESURINARY TRACT URINARY TRACT 77 URETHRAL MEATUS URETHRAL MEATUSREPRODUCTIVE TRACT REPRODUCTIVE TRACT 77 VAGINA, URINARY MEATUS VAGINA, URINARY MEATUSBLOOD BLOOD 77 OPEN 9OUND, NEEDLE PUNCTURE SITE, ANYOPEN 9OUND, NEEDLE PUNCTURE SITE, ANY DISRUPTION OF INTACT SKIN OR MUCOUS MEMBRANEDISRUPTION OF INTACT SKIN OR MUCOUS MEMBRANE SURFACE SURFACEMETHODMETHOD OF TRANSMISSIONOF TRANSMISSIONDIRECT TRANSMISSION DIRECT TRANSMISSIONTOUCHING, BITTING, KISSING, SE:UAL INTERCOURSE TOUCHING, BITTING, KISSING, SE:UAL INTERCOURSEDROPLET 7 SNEEZING, ,COUGHING,TALKING DROPLET 7 SNEEZING, ,COUGHING,TALKINGINDIRECT TRANSMISSION INDIRECT TRANSMISSIONVEHICLE BORNE TRANSMISSON 7 9ATER, FOOD, TOYS, VEHICLE BORNE TRANSMISSON 7 9ATER, FOOD, TOYS,SOILED CLOTHES, COOKING OR EATING UTENSILS, SURGICALSOILED CLOTHES, COOKING OR EATING UTENSILS, SURGICAL INSTRUMEN INSTRUMENVECTOR BORNE TRANSMISSION7ANIMAL OR FLAYING ORVECTOR BORNE TRANSMISSION7ANIMAL OR FLAYING OR CRA9LING INSECT CRA9LING INSECTAIRBORNE TRANSMISSION AIRBORNE TRANSMISSIONDROPLET NUCLEI DROPLET NUCLEISUSCEPTIBLE HOSTSUSCEPTIBLE HOSTHOST FACTOR THAT INFLUENCE RISK OF INFECTION HOST FACTOR THAT INFLUENCE RISK OF INFECTIONNATURAL IMMUNITYNATURAL IMMUNITY7 CONGENITAL OR AC6UIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCIES 7 CONGENITAL OR AC6UIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCIESNORMAL FLORA NORMAL FLORA7 ALTERATION OF NORMAL FLORA BY ANTIBIOTIC7 ALTERATION OF NORMAL FLORA BY ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY THERAPYAGEAGE7 INFANT AND OLDERY CLIENT 7 INFANT AND OLDERY CLIENTHORMONAL FACTORS HORMONAL FACTORS7 DIABETES, CORTICOSTEROID THERAPY 7 DIABETES, CORTICOSTEROID THERAPYPHAGOCYTOSISPHAGOCYTOSIS7 DEFECTIVE PHAGOCYTIC FUNCTION, CIRCULATORY7 DEFECTIVE PHAGOCYTIC FUNCTION, CIRCULATORY DISTURBANCES DISTURBANCESSKIN 8 MUCOUS MEMBRANES 8 NORMAL E:CRETORY SECRETIONS SKIN 8 MUCOUS MEMBRANES 8 NORMAL E:CRETORY SECRETIONS77 BREAK IN SKIN ; INTERFERENCE 9ITH FLO9 OF URINE,TEARS OR SALIVA ;BREAK IN SKIN ; INTERFERENCE 9ITH FLO9 OF URINE,TEARS OR SALIVA ; INTERFERENCE 9ITH COUGH REFLE: OR CILIARY ACTION ; CHANGE ININTERFERENCE 9ITH COUGH REFLE: OR CILIARY ACTION ; CHANGE IN GASTRIC SECRETIONS GASTRIC SECRETIONSMALNUTRITION MALNUTRITIONENVIROMENTAL FACTORSENVIROMENTAL FACTORS7 SMOKING, ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION,7 SMOKING, ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION, INHALATION OF TO:IC CHEMICALS INHALATION OF TO:IC CHEMICALSMEDICAL INTERVENTIONS MEDICAL INTERVENTIONS7 INVASIVE THERAPY, CHEMOTHERAPY,7 INVASIVE THERAPY, CHEMOTHERAPY, SURGERY, STEROID THERAPY, RADIATION THERAPY SURGERY, STEROID THERAPY, RADIATION THERAPYHEPATITIS DAN HIV/AIDS HEPATITIS DAN HIV/AIDS Dapat terjad !e"a"#$Dapat terjad !e"a"#$%Per&'a( dara)/&ara(Per&'a( dara)/&ara(T#*#) pd !ata+ )d#(,+ !#"#t+ ata# T#*#) pd !ata+ )d#(,+ !#"#t+ ata# Me"a"# per!#'aa( '#"t -a(, "#'a/"e&etMe"a"# per!#'aa( '#"t -a(, "#'a/"e&et%L#'a t#.#' /"e) jar#! -a(, L#'a t#.#' /"e) jar#! -a(, ter'/(ta!(a.ter'/(ta!(a.Saat pr/.ed#r .eda(, d"a'#'a( ata# Saat pr/.ed#r .eda(, d"a'#'a( ata# .aat pr/.e. pera"ata(.aat pr/.e. pera"ata(