PENGARUH TERPAAN ISI PESAN KRITIK “HUMOR POLITIK” TENTANG

KINERJA GUBERNUR DKI JAKARTA TERHADAP SIKAP REVIEWER

(Studi terhadap pengguna media sosial dalam facebook fanspage “Humor Politik”)

SKRIPSI

Diajukan Kepada Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik

Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Sebagai Persyaratan Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana (S-1)

Ilmu Komunikasi

Sandy Abdi Purwanto

201310040311050

Dosen Pembimbing

1. Drs. Budi Suprapto, M.Si, Ph. D

2. Isnani Dzuhrina, M. Adv.

Ilmu Komunikasi

Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik

Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

2020

II

III

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VIII

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XIII

XIV

DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................................... I

LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI .................................................................... II

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .................................................................................... III

PENYATAAN ORISINALITAS ............................................................................ IV

LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN DETEKSI PLAGIASI .............................................. V

LEMBAR BIMBINGAN SKRIPSI ...................................................................... VII

KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................... VIII

ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................. X

DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... XIV

DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................... XVII

DAFTAR TABEL .............................................................................................. XVIII

DAFTAR GRAFIK ................................................................................................ XIX

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................... XX

BAB I

Latar Belakang ............................................................................................................ 1

1.2 Rumusan Masalah ....................................................................................... 5

1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................................ 5

1.4 Manfaat Penelitian ...................................................................................... 6

BAB II

Tinjauan Pustaka ........................................................................................................ 7

2.1 Terpaan Media ............................................................................................ 7

2.1.1 Pengertian Terpaan Media ....................................................................... 7

2.1.2 Dimensi Terpaan Media ........................................................................... 9

2.1.3 Model AIDA ............................................................................................ 9

2.2 Sikap .......................................................................................................... 10

2.2.1 Pengertian Sikap..................................................................................... 10

2.2.2 Fungsi Sikap ........................................................................................... 11

XV

2.2.3 Ciri-Ciri Sikap ........................................................................................ 13

2.2.4 Tingkatan Sikap ..................................................................................... 14

2.2.5 Komponen Sikap .................................................................................... 15

2.3 Media Sosial .............................................................................................. 16

2.3.1 Pengertian Media Sosial ......................................................................... 16

2.3.2 Karakteristik Media Sosial ..................................................................... 17

2.3.3 Media Sosial Sebagai Pembentuk Komunitas Virtual ........................... 18

2.4 Facebook ................................................................................................... 21

2.5 Partisipasi Politik dalam Media Sosial Facebook ..................................... 24

2.6 Isi Pesan dan Kritik ................................................................................... 26

2.7 Hipotesis Penelitian ................................................................................... 27

BAB III

Metode Penelitian ...................................................................................................... 28

3.1 Jenis Penelitian .......................................................................................... 28

3.2 Batasan Penelitian ..................................................................................... 29

3.3 Tempat Dan Waktu Penelitian .................................................................. 29

3.5 Populasi, Sample dan Teknik Sampling ................................................... 29

3.4.1 Populasi .................................................................................................. 29

3.4.2 Sampel .................................................................................................... 30

3.4.3 Teknik Sampling .................................................................................... 31

3.5 Variabel Penelitian .................................................................................... 31

3.5.1 Jenis Variabel ......................................................................................... 31

3.5.2 Definisi Konsepsional Variabel ............................................................. 31

3.5.3 Definisi Operasional Variabel ................................................................ 33

3.6 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ........................................................................ 36

3.6.1 Data Primer ............................................................................................ 36

3.7 Uji Validitas Instrumen ............................................................................. 37

3.8 Uji Reabilitas ............................................................................................. 38

3.9 Teknik Analisis Data ................................................................................. 39

XVI

3.10 Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda ........................................................... 39

3.11 Koefisien Determinasi ............................................................................. 41

3.12 Pengujian Hipotesis (uji t) ....................................................................... 41

BAB IV

Metode Penelitian ...................................................................................................... 42

4.1 Gambaran Umum ...................................................................................... 42

4.1.1 Gambaran Umum Responden ................................................................ 42

4.2 Hasil Uji Validitas dan Reabilitas Instrumen ............................................ 47

4.2.1 Uji Validitas ........................................................................................... 47

4.2.2 Uji Reliabilitas ....................................................................................... 49

4.3 Analisis Data ............................................................................................. 51

4.3.1 Analisis Deskriptif Variabel ................................................................... 51

4.4 Hasil Analisa Regresi Linier ..................................................................... 59

4.5 Hasil Analisia Koefisien Determinasi ....................................................... 60

4.5 Pengujian Hipotesis ................................................................................... 61

4.5.1 Uji T ....................................................................................................... 61

4.6 Pembahasan ............................................................................................... 62

BAB V

Kesimpulan dan Saran ............................................................................................. 65

5.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................... 65

5.2 Saran .......................................................................................................... 65

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................. 66

LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................................ 69

XVII

DAFTAR GAMBAR

BAB I

1.1.1 Perbandingan Penggunaan Media di Indonesia ....................................... 2

1.1.2 Contoh Postingan Fanspage “Humor Politik” ......................................... 4

BAB II

2.3.3 Community-Based Customer Involvement For Improving Packaged

Software Development ..................................................................................... 18

BAB III

3.4.1 Facebook Fanspage Humor Politik ........................................................ 30

XVIII

DAFTAR TABEL

BAB II

2.4 Peringkat Besar Pengguna Facebook ........................................................ 22

BAB III

3.4.3 Definisi Operasional Variabel ................................................................ 32

3.5.1 Penilaian Instrumen Penelitian ............................................................... 35

BAB IV

4.1.1 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin ........................... 41

4.1.2 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Usia ........................................... 43

4.1.3 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Frekuensi Aktifitas Melihat

Fanspage .......................................................................................................... 44

4.1.4 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Pekerjaan .................................. 46

4.2.1 Variabel Kognitif ................................................................................... 48

4.2.1 Variabel Afektif ..................................................................................... 49

4.2.2 Kognitif Reliability Statistic ................................................................... 50

4.2.2 Afektif Reliability Statistic ..................................................................... 50

4.3.1 Distribusi Frekuensi Variabel Terpaan Isi Pesan Kritik “Humor Politik”

Tentang Kinerja Gubernur DKI Jakarta .......................................................... 51

4.3.2 Distribusi Frekuensi Jawaban Variabel Durasi ...................................... 52

4.3.3 Distribusi Frekuensi Jawaban Variabel Atensi ...................................... 54

4.3.4 Distribusi Frekuensi Jawaban Dimensi Kognitif ................................... 55

4.3.5 Distribusi Frekuensi Jawaban Dimensi Afektif ..................................... 57

4.4.1 Pengujian Regresi................................................................................... 59

4.4.2 Koefisien Determinasi R2 ...................................................................... 60

4.5.1 Uji T ....................................................................................................... 61

XIX

DAFTAR GRAFIK

BAB IV

4.1.1 Grafik Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin ................ 43

4.1.2 Grafik Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Usia ............................... 44

4.1.3 Grafik Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Frekuensi Aktifitas

Melihat Fanpage .............................................................................................. 45

4.1.4 Grafik Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Pekerjaan ....................... 46

XX

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1 Gambar Konten Facebook Fanspage dan Sample Metode Pemberian

Form pada Responden Penelitian Terpilih

Lampiran 2 Draft Kuesioner

Lampiran 3 Tabulasi Hasil Koesioner Jawaban Sample Responden Penelitian

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