PENGARUH MANAJEMEN RANTAI PASOKAN TERHADAP KINERJA DI PTPN VIII GUNUNG MAS BOGOR

7/31/2019 PENGARUH MANAJEMEN RANTAI PASOKAN TERHADAP KINERJA DI PTPN VIII GUNUNG MAS BOGOR

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KE^VKVWV XGRVLEKLE BM@MR

JLIWAVL^ GIMEMCK FLE CLELOGCGEFGXLRVGCGE CLELOGCGE

XGE@LRWD CLELOGCGE RLEVLK XL^MILE

VGRDLFLX IKEGROL

FK XVXE ZKKK @WEWE@ CL^ BM@MR

^IRKX^K

^gbl`lk ~lald ~lvw ~{lrlv wevwi cgcxgrmagd `galr

^LROLEL GIMEMCK

Xlfl Fgxlrvgcge Clelogcge

Jliwavl~ Gimemck fle ClelogcgeKe~vkvwv Xgrvlekle Bm`mr

Magd

KRCLPLVK

D268:>

Cge{gvwowk! Cgk 2880

Dgvk Cwa{lvk ^%VX%!CVXgcbkcbke`

Cge`gvldwk!


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VGRDLFLX IKEGROL


Magd

KRCLPLVK

D268:>


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VGRDLFLX IKEGROL


^IRKX^K^gbl`lk ~lald ~lvw ~{lrlv wevwi cgcxgrmagd `galr

^LROLEL GIMEMCK

Xlfl Fgxlrvgcge Clelogcge

Jliwavl~ Gimemck fle Clelogcge

Ke~vkvwv Xgrvlekle Bm`mr

MagdKRCLPLVK

D268:>


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LB^VRLI

Krclplvk% D268:>% Xge`lrwd Clelogcge Rlevlk Xl~mile vgrdlflx IkegrolFk XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ Bm`mr% Fk blpld bkcbke`le Dgvk Cwa{lvk%

Xgrigbwele lflald ~lald ~lvw ~wb ~givmr l`rkbk~ek~ {le` cgckakik ekalk~vrlvg`k~ {le` vke``k% Ekalk ~vrlvg`k~ xgrigbwele kek flxlv fkakdlv flrk bgbgrlxlkefkilvmr! {lkvw xgrigcble`le xgrigbwele blki flalc awl~ lrgla clwxwe zmawcg

xrmfwi~k! ~wcble`le vgrdlflx XFB fle gi~xmr eme ck`l~ eg`lrl Kefmeg~kl! xge{grlxle vgel`l igrol! cgewcbwdile ig`klvle gimemck rli{lv! ~grvl igvldlele xle`le fle igag~vlrkle ake`iwe`le% XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ cgrwxlile xrmfw~gevgd dkvlc Nrw~dke` Vglrke` Nwrake` $NVN+% XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ cge{lflrkekalk ~vrlvg`k~ kek bgrxgawle` cgenkxvlile igwe``wale bgr~lke` xgrw~ldlle%Igwe``wale bgr~lke` flxlv fknlxlk lxlbkal xgrw~ldlle cgckakik ikegrol {le`

blki% Ikegrol xgrw~ldlle {le` blki flxlv fknlxlk lxlbkal xgrw~ldlle cgegrlxile~k~vgc cleogcge {le` vgxlv! gjgivkj fle gjk~kge vgrcl~wi fklevlrle{l clelogcgerlevlk xl~mile $CRX+% Magd ilrgel kvw! xgegakvkle wevwi cgakdlv xge`lrwd CRXvgrdlflx ikegrol xgrw~ldlle xgraw fkaliwile fk XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ Bm`mr%Xgegakvkle kek bgrvwowle ? $+ cgcbgrkile ~maw~k xgegrlxle CRX fk XVXEZKKK @wewe` Cl~ Bm`mr%

Flvl {le` fk`welile flalc xgegakvkle kek lflald flvl xrkcgr fle flvl~giwefgr% Flvl xrkcgr fkxgrmagd flrk dl~ka xge`lclvle ale`~we` fk alxle`le!plplenlrl fge`le xkdli vgrilkv fle xge{gblrle iwg~kmegr% Flvl ~giwefgr

fkxgrmagd flrk kevgregv! lr~kx fle fmiwcge xgrw~ldlle! ~grvl akvgrlvwr vgrilkv%Xgckakdle nmevmd fkaliwile ~gnlrl ~ge`lol $ xwrxm~kzg+ fge`le owcald nmevmd 8 '+% ^vrlvg k dwbwe`le xgale``le bgrxge`lrwd xm~kvkj fle e{lvl vgrdlflx~vrlvg`k CRX xgrw~ldlle $;8'+% ^vrlvg`k CRX bgrxge`lrwd xm~kvkj fle e{lvlvgrdlflx ikegrol xgrw~ldlle $46'+% Zlrklbga rg~xme ngxlv vgrdlflx xgrckevlleflrwrlv cgcbgrkile xge`lrwd vgrbg~lr xlfl ~vrlvg`k clelogcge xgcl~mi $2%


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RKPL[LV DKFWX

Xgewak~ fkaldkrile fk Bm`mr xlfl vle``la 8; L`w~vw~ flrk vldwe


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ILVL XGE@LEVLR

Bk~ckaaldkrrldcleekrrldkkc Xwok ~{wiwr xgewak~ xleolvile igdlfkrlv Laald

^PV! lvl~ rldclv fle dkfl{ld#E{l! ~gdke``l xgewak~ flxlv cge{gag~lkile

xgegakvkle fk XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ Bm`mr fle cge{w~we ~irkx~k bgrowfwa

Xge`lrwd Clelogcge Rlevlk Xl~mile vgrdlflx Ikegrol Xgrw~ldlle XVXE ZKKK

@wewe` Cl~! Bm`mr% ^irkx~k kek fk~w~we ~gbl`lk ~{lrlv wevwi cgcxgrmagd `galr

^lrolel Gimemck xlfl Fgxlrvgcge Clelogcge! Jliwavl~ Gimemck fle

Clelogcge Ke~vkvwv Xgrvlekle Bm`mr%

Xlfl ig~gcxlvle ilak kek! xgewak~ ke`ke cge`wnlxile vgrkcl il~kd {le`

~gbg~lr#bg~lre{l igxlfl mrle`#mrle` fle agcbl`l {le` ~gnlrl ale`~we` clwxwe

vkfli ale`~we` vgald cgcbgrkile blevwle igxlfl xgewak~ wevwi cge{gag~lkile

~irkx~k kek! {lkvw ?% Igfwl mrle` vwliw {le` awlr bkl~l! wcck K~clplvk fle Lbk Lng Lbfwa

@lek% Ilakle lflald vgalfleiw! ~gcle`lviw! fle dlrlxleiw% Vgrkcl il~kd

wevwi ~gcwl igrol igrl~ fle ig~lblrlee{l%

6% Kr% Fgfk Iw~rlcflek ~galiw ^kefgr xlbrki XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~! kbw

Dgee{! cl~ Plple! cbl [levk fle ~vlj#~vlj alkee{l {le` ~galaw

cgcbgrkile xge`lrldle igxlfl xgewak~ ~galcl xgegakvkle bgrale`~we`%7% Ilili#ililiiw fle lfki#lfkiiw! Vgd plvk! L Dgack! L Lgx! Rw~ale! fle

Rkfple! ~grvl igxmelileiw Rg`l% Vgrkcl il~kd lvl~ ~g`lal fml fle

fwiwe`lee{l%


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4% Vgcle#vgcle ~gxgrowle`leiw $Gzk! Aga{! Egek! fle Ek~l+% Vgrkcl il~kd

lvl~ ~g`lal ~gcle`lv! fwiwe`le! fml! ~grvl vlpl nlefl {le` cgplrelk xgrowle`le ikvl%

;% Vgcle#vgcle vgrblkiiw Lk! Vrk~el! Kefrl~! Cgaa{! [gek! Ekl! Fgpk! L{w!

Rkrk! Kxgd fle cbl Idlcfl lvl~ ~g`lal xgrdlvkle! xgr~ldlblvle! fle

el~kdlv#el~kdlve{l%


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FLJVLR K^K

DlalcleLB^VRLI %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%RKPL[LV DKFWX %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%ILVL XGE@LEVLR %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%FLJVLR VLBGA %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%FLJVLR @LCBLR %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%FLJVLR ALCXKRLE %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

K% XGEFLDWAWLE


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6%2% Kfgevkjkil~k Rlevlk Xl~mile%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%6%2%% Fk~vrkbw~k%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%6%2%6% Xgale``le %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%6%2%7% ^wcbgr Fl{l Clew~kl %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

6%>% Dl~ka Wok Zlakfkvl~ fle Rgaklbkakvl~%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%:86%6% Ilrlivgrk~vki Rg~xmefge %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%6%7% Dl~ka G~vkcl~k Lpla CRX vgrdlflx Ikegrol Xgrw~ldlle %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ::

6%7%

IG^KCXWALE FLE ^LRLE %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%


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FLJVLR VLBGA

8

>% Zlrklbga#zlrklbga xgegakvkle fle kefkilvmr flalc iwg~kmegr %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% >2

6% Fkl`rlc xrm~g~ xge`maldle vgd dkvlc NVN %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 64;7% Xrm~g~ xge`maldle vgd dkvlc NVN %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

:% Irkvgrkl xgekalkle cwvw vgd dkvlc NVN%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 7:

0% Owcald ilr{lple XVXE ZKK @wewe` Cl~ %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 7;

4% Ekalk Laxdl flrk zlrklbga kefkilvmr %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

;% Vlbwal~k ~kale` flvl rg~xmefge %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

Em Dlalcle


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FLJVLR @LCBLR

% Rlevlk Xl~mile%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

6% Lakrle Xrmfwi flrk Xgcl~mi ig Xgale``le Lidkr %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%


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FLJVLR ALCXKRLE

% Dl~ka Xge`wiwrle Zlakfkvl~%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

6% Dl~ka xgrdkvwe`leZlrkleng Gtvrlnvgf fle Nme~vrwnv Rgaklbkakv{Cmfga^vrwivwrla%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

7% {evlt Cmfga Xge`lrwd CRX vgrdlflx Ikegrol Xgrw~ldlle%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%


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K% XGEFLDWAWLE


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Xgcble`wele xgrigbwele ow`l kiwv bgrxgrle flalc xgekeìlvle igvldlele

xle`le el~kmela fle xgag~vlrkle jwe`~k akeìwe`le dkfwx ~gxgrvk xge{gfklmi~k`ge! xgclejllvle aldle clr`kela fle lale`#lale`%

Xgrlele fle imevrkbw~k ~wb ~givmr xgrigbwele {le` ~le`lv bg~lr

vgr~gbwv cgrwxlile ekalk ~vrlvg`k~ fle vlevle`le bl`k Kefmeg~kl% Ekalk

~vrlvg`k~ {le` fkcli~wf lflald ~wb ~givmr xgrigbwele cgrwxlile l~gv {le`

~le`lv xgevke` flalc cgcble`we xgrgimemckle Kefmeg~kl% Vlevle`le {le`

fkdlflxk lflald mxvkclak~l~k ekalk ~vrlvg`k~ ~wb ~givmr xgrigbwele vgrdlflx

xgrgimemckle Kefmeg~kl% Vlevle`le vgr~gbwv dlrw~ fkolplb fge`le

cgaliwile xge`gamalle clelogcge {le` gjgivkj fle gjk~kge! ~gdke``l

cgckakik igwe``wale bgr~lke`% Dla vgr~gbwv flxlv fknlxlk cgalawk

mxvkclak~l~k xge`gamalle clelogcge xlfl bkfle` xrmfwi~k fle mxgrl~k!

xgcl~lrle! ~wcbgr fl{l clew~kl! bkfle` igwle`le fle ~k~vgc kejmrcl~k%^lald ~lvw we~wr wevwi cgenlxlk igwe``wale bgr~lke` bl`k ~gbwld

xgrw~ldlle lflald cgckakik ikegrol xgrw~ldlle {le` blki% Ikegrol

xgrw~ldlle flxlv fkakdlv flrk bgbgrlxl kefkilvmr! {lkvw xle`~l xl~lr! vkeìlv

igwevwe`le xgrw~ldlle! fl{l ~lke`! iwlakvl~ xrmfwi! fle igxwl~le

xgale``le% Igclcxwle clelogcge cge``welile ~wcbgr#~wcbgr ~gnlrl

cli~kcla fle cgenkxvlile ~k~vgc igrol {le` mxvkcla lile cgegevwile

ikegrol xgrw~ldlle%

Xlfl wcwce{l xgrw~ldlle xgrigbwele cgrwxlile xgrw~ldlle {le`

cgckakik wekv xge`maldle ~gefkrk ~gdke``l xrmfwi {le` fkxl~lrile ~wfld

flalc bgevwi blrle` dl~ka maldle! {lkvw blrle` ~gvge`ld olfk lvlw blrle`

olfk% Igwe``wale bgr~lke` flalc ~wb ~givmr xgrigbwele flxlv fknlxlk bkal

rlevlk ig`klvle flrk igbwe dke``l xgale``le lidkr vgrigamal fge`le blki%

Xgrwbldle xlefle`le flrk xrmfwnv frkzge cgeolfk nme~wcgr-clrigv frkzge

ow`l ~gclike cgefmrme` ~gbwld xgrw~ldlle wevwi agbkd xgil vgrdlflx

igb dl g l ``l {l% Xg ldll dl fl l g g dk igb dl


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CRX lflald kevg`rl~k xgrgenlelle! immrfkel~k! fle xge`geflakle xrm~g~

bk~ek~ fle ig`klvle flalc rlevlk xl~mile wevwi cgcbgrkile ekalk vlcbld xlfl ime~wcge fge`le bkl{l rgefld fle cgcwl~ile igbwvwdle ~vligdmafgr

alke $Alcbgrv fle Nmmxgr! 2888+% Vwowle wvlcl flrk CRX lflald

xge{grldle xge`krkcle xrmfwi vgxlv plivw wevwi cgcwl~ile xgale``le!

cge`wrle`k bkl{l! cgekeìlvile dl~ka flrk ~gawrwd rlevlk xl~mile!

cge`wrle`k plivw! ~grvl cgcw~lvile ig`klvle xgrgenlelle fle fk~vrkbw~k%

CRX {le` gjgivkj fle gjk~kge lile cgekeìlvile ikegrol xlfl ~gvklx gagcge

CRX% Xgekeìlvle ikegrol xlfl ~gvklx gagcge CRX lile cgekeìlvile

ikegrol xgrw~ldlle {le` lile cgefwiwe` vgrnlxlke{l igwe``wale bgr~lke`

xgrw~ldlle%

XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ lflald ~lald ~lvw xgrw~ldlle xgrigbwele {le`

cge`dl~kaile imcmfkvl~ vgd fle nwiwx bgrigcble` fk Kefmeg~kl% ^galkewevwi cgcgewdk xl~lr el~kmela! XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ ow`l cgcl~lrile

dl~ka xrmfwie{l fk awlr eg`grk% Ekalk ~vrlvg`k~ imcmfkvl~ vgd cgefmrme`

XVXE ZKKK @wewe` cl~ wevwi cgekeìlvile ikegrol xgrw~ldlle ~gdke``l

flxlv cgenlxlk igwe``wale bgr~lke`% Xge`lvwrle lakrle rlevlk xl~mile flrk

dwaw ~lcxlk dkakr {le` gjgivkj fle gjk~kge lile cgefmrme` xgekeìlvle

ikegrol fk ~gvklx gagcge rlevlk xl~mile! {le` xlfl lidkre{l lile

cgekeìlvile ikegrol xgrw~ldlle fle vgrnlxlke{l igwe``wale bgr~lke`

xgrw~ldlle% Magd ilrgel kvw! xgegakvkle cge`gelk CRX fk XVXE ZKKK

@wewe` Cl~ xgraw fkaliwile wevwi cgakdlv xgegrlxle CRX fk XVXE ZKKK

@wewe` Cl~ fle cgeìlok xge`lrwde{l vgrdlflx ikegrol xgrw~ldlle%

Fge`le fgckikle! xgrw~ldlle fkdlrlxile flxlv cgrlkd fle cgcxgrvldleileigwe``wale bgr~lke` {le` bgrigaleowvle%


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2% Bl`lkclel xge`lrwd CRX vgrdlflx ikegrol XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ =

>%

Bgevwi ~maw~k {le` flxlv fkvgrlxile fge`le xgefgilvle CRX fk XVXEZKKK @wewe` Cl~ =

% Vwowle Xgegakvkle

Vwowle flrk xgegakvkle lflald ~gbl`lk bgrkiwv?

% Cgcbgrkile ~maw~k fge`le xgefgilvle CRX fk XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~%


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KK% VKEOLWLE XW^VLIL

2%


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bgrilkvle fge`le clewjlivwr fle xgcl~mi! vgvlxk ow`l cgakblvile

vrle~xmrvl~k! `wfle`! rgvlkagr ! fle xgale``le% Vwowle flrk rlevlk xl~milelflald cgcli~kclaile ig~gawrwdle ekalk% Ig~gawrwdle ekalk rlevlk

xl~mile cgrwxlile xgrbgflle fklevlrl ekalk flrk xrmfwi lidkr vgrdlflx

xgale``le fle wxl{l rlevlk xl~mile flalc cgcgewdk xgrckevlle

xgale``le%

Cllrkj fle Vleowe` $288:+ cge{lvlile CRX lflald xgrawl~le

flrk clelogcge am`k~vki% Ig`klvle clelogcge am`k~vki cgenliwx

xgrw~ldlle! xgcl~mi fle xgale``le% ^gfle`ile clelogcge rlevlk

xl~mile nliwxle ig`klvlee{l agbkd awl~! {lkvw levlrl xgcl~mi!

xgrw~ldlle! xgale``le! `rm~kr! fle xge`gngr {le` fkkevg`rl~kile l`lr

agbkd gjk~kge%

Cgewrwv Rw~~gaa fle Vl{amr $288>+! clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile

cge`lvwr lakrle blrle` fle ol~l ~grvl kejmrcl~k {le` fkvgrw~ile ig

xg~lele wevwi cgenlxlk vke`ilv ig~galrl~le lvlw ~keirmek~l~k flalc

cgcgewdk igbwvwdle xgale``le% Cl~ke`#cl~ke` ~g`cge flrk rlevlk

xl~mile fklvwr ~gnlrl vgrxk~ld $bgrfkrk ~gefkrk+ {le` agbkd jmiw~ xlfl

vwowlee{l cl~ke`#cl~ke`% Rlevlk xl~mile cgenliwx ~gcwl livkzkvl~

{le` bgrdwbwe le fge`le lakrle fle vrle~jmrcl~k blrle` fle ol~l flrk

bldle bliw cgeolfk blrle` olfk igxlfl xgale``le% Vwowle flrk rlevlk

xl~mile lflald wevwi cgenlxlk igxwl~le xgale``le% Rlevlk xl~mile

cgenliwx gcxlv xrm~g~ {le` xgevke`! {lkvw cgcxgrmagd xg~lele

xgale``le! cgcxgrmagd bldle bliw fle imcxmege xgefwiwe` flrk

xgcl~mi! cgcxrmfwi~k xg~lele! fle cgcgewdk xg~lele xgale``le%

Blaamw $2886+ cge{lvlile rlevlk xl~mile cgenliwx ~gcwl

livkzkvl~ $vrle~xmrvl~k! xge`geflakle xgr~gfklle! fle ~gbl`lke{l+ {le`

cgcbwvwdile plivw fk ~gxleole` olrke`le wevwi cge`wbld bldle bliw

g lfk bl l ` lfk g l k j l k {l ` fk g il ig g l ``l lidk


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cgelcbldile clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile ~gbl`lk ~gbwld ~k~vgc ~vrlvg`k

{le` cge``lbweìle jwe`~k fle vlivki bk~ek~ {le` bkl~l fk`welile

flalc fwekl bk~ek~ xgrw~ldlle wevwi cgcxgrblkik ikegrol rlevlk

xl~mile xgrw~ldlle flalc oleìl xleole`%

^kckndk#Agzkgv la%$2888+ cge{lvlile clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile

~gbl`lk ~gbwld xgefgilvle {le` fkvgrlxile wevwi cge{lvwile

xgcl~mi! xge`w~ldl! `wfle`! fle vgcxlv xge{kcxlele alkee{l

$fk~vrkbwvmr!rgvlkagr ! fle xge`lngr+ ~gnlrl gjk~kge! ~gdke``l xrmfwi

flxlv fkdl~kaile fle fkfk~vrkbw~kile fge`le owcald {le` vgxlv! amil~k

{le` vgxlv! fle plivw {le` vgxlv wevwi cgewrweile bkl{l fle

cgcgewdk igbwvwdle xgale``le% Fgjkek~k vgr~gbwv fkfl~lrile lvl~

bgbgrlxl dla?

l% Clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile xgraw cgcxgrvkcbleìle bldpl ~gcwl

ig`klvle cwalk flrk xgcl~mi! clewjlivwr! `wfle`! fk~vrkbwvmr! rgvlka!

~lcxlk ig xge`gngr bgrflcxli xlfl bkl{l xrmfwi {le` fkxrmfwi~k

{le` ~g~wlk fge`le igbwvwdle xgale``le%

b% Vwowle flrk clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile lflald l`lr vmvla bkl{l flrk

~gcwl bl`kle! cwalk flrk vrle~xmrvl~k fle fk~vrkbw~k xgr~gfklle bldle

bliw! blrle` flalc xrm~g~! fle blrle` olfk cgeolfk agbkd gjgivkj fle

gjk~kge ~gdke``l cge`wrle`k bkl{l%

n% Clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile bgrxwvlr xlfl kevgr`rl~k {le` gjk~kge flrk

xgcl~mi! clewjlivwr! `wfle`! fk~vrkbwvmr! rgvlka! fle xge`gngr {le`

cgenliwx ~gcwl livkzkvl~ xgrw~ldlle! cwalk flrk vkeìlv ~vrlvg`k~

~lcxlk vkeìlv vlivki mxgrl~kmela%

^kl`kle $2887+ cge{lvlile vgrflxlv fwl dla xgevke` flalc

clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile% Xgrvlcl! clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile lflald

imalbmrl~k w~ldl bgr~lcl levlr ~gvklx bl`kle lvlw xrm~g~ flalc ~kiaw~

f i% Igf l! l l g g l lk l il dl g li g d


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xgale``le vgrcl~wi lakrle kejmrcl~ke{l% Bldle bliw fle lakrle

kejmrcl~k lflald rle`ilkle flrk rlevlk xl~mile%

b% Rlevlk xl~mile ~gbl`lk ~wlvw ~k~vgc vgcxlv mr`lek~l~k cge{lawrile

blrle` xrmfwi~k%

Cgewrwv Cgev gr gv la%$288


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2%


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@lcblr >% Rlevlk Xl~mile $Dgk gr fle Rgefgr! 288


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^kl`kle $2887+ cge{lvlile ~vrlvg`k lflald rgenlel li~k mr`lek~l~k

wevwi cgenlxlk ck~k! fkclel ck~k lflald alvlr bgalile` igbgrlflle

mr`lek~l~k cgeolfk blvl~le fle jmiw~ wevwi mr`lek~l~k fle ime~gx {le`

lile cgeolfk alefl~le mr`lek~l~k bgr`grli%

We~wr#we~wr xgcbwlvle ~vrlvg`k clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile

cgewrwv ^k~kakle fle ^lvkr flalc ^kl`kle $2887+ vgrfkrk flrk?


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n% Rk~kim ^vrlvg`k

Rk~kim {le` fkcli~wf fk~kek lflald lfle{l xge{gblrle rk~kim!

{lkvw rk~kim {le` fkvgrkcl xgrw~ldlle likblv lfle{l igbmnmrle

kejmrcl~k vgevle` xrmfwi fle al{lelee{l! blki kvw {le` fkvgrkcl

lvlw fkbgrkile xgcl~mi! ~gdke``l xg~lke` flxlv cge`gvldwk

~vrlvg`k#~vrlvg`k xgrw~ldlle%

Flalc xrm~g~e{l ~vrlvg`k clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile cgckakik

> $vk`l+ vwowle! {lkvw?

% Cgekeìlvile xgal{lele! ~vrlvg`k rlevlk xl~mile dlrw~ ~gnlrl

xrmlivkj fkolaleile ~lald ~lvwe{l lflald xgal{lele dlrw~ ~galaw

fkxgrblkik%

Cgewrwv ^kl`kle $2887+ vgrflxlv bgbgrlxl ~vrlvg`k clelogcge

rlevlk xl~mile {el` flxlv fk`welile! {lkvw ~gbl`lk bgrkiwv?

l% Xm~vxmegcgev! {lkvw ~vrlvg`k wevwi cgewefl cmfkjkil~k lvlw

xge{g~wlkle vgrdlflx xrmfwi ~galcl cweìke% Flalc cgegrlxile~vrlvg`k kek cgakblvile xgrw~ldlle ~gnlrl cgefl~lr vgrdlflx xrm~g~

clewjlivwr ~wlvw xgrw~ldlle fle mxgrl~k kevgrela% Fge`le blevwle

fle rlenle`le xgcl~mi! ~wlvw xgrw~ldlle clewjlivwr flxlv

cgcxgrvldleile ilrlivgrk~vki `gegrki flrk xrmfwie{l ~galcl

cweìke% Xm~vxmegcgev flxlv fkaliwile bgrilkvle fge`le

vgiemam`k fle ilrlivgrk~vki xrm~g~! ilrlivgrk~vki xrmfwi! fle

ilrlivgrk~vki xl~lr%

b% Frmx ^dkx! {lkvw ~vrlvg`k {le` ~grke` fk`welile fk~vrkbwvmr% Xlfl

l l {l ldl l f i fl k g l i i l lk ig l `l


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{le` iggcxlv lflald imcbkel~k bgbgrlxl xgcl~mi fle kevg`lr~k

zgrvkila! {le` fkigela fge`le ~gbwvle Igkrgv~w % Xlfl cgvmfg

igkrgv~w! xgcl~mi cgeolfk bl`kle imlak~k xgrw~ldlle% Vgrlidkr!

~vrlvg`k igakcl lflald cge`gcble`ile xgrw~ldlle#xgrw~ldlle cl{l

{le` cge``welile xgcl~mi fge`le fl~lr xlfl ~llv fkbwvwdile %

Blaamw $2886+ cgelcbldile xgefgilvle {le` kemzlvkj flalc ~vrlvg`k

rlevlk xl~mile flxlv cgcbgrkile igwe``wale imcxgvkvkj xlfl

xgrw~ldlle%

2%


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+ Igxwvw~le xgr~gfklle! bgrilkvle fge`le xgr~gfklle {le`

fkckakik fle ignwiwxle ^vmni blrle`

6+ Igxwvw~le vrle~xmrvl~k! {lkvw cgckakd cmfga vrle~xmrvl~k

{le` lile fk`welile%

n% Vwowle Xgal{lele Xgale``leXlfl vke`ilv xgal{lele ol~l {le` rgefld xgcw~lvle xgr~gfklle

flxlv fkaliwile fk bgbgrlxl vgcxlv! likblve{l bkl{l cgeolfk

agbkd cldla% Vgvlxk! xlfl w~ldl fge`le xgal{lele ol~l {le`

vke``k clil lile vgrolfk ~gblakie{l%

f% ^vrlvg`k Jl~kakvl~ amil~k

Xgrgenlelle am`k~vki vgrdlflx jl~kakvl~ amil~k! ~le`lv bgr`levwe`

xlfl xm~k~k `gm`rljk~ flrk vgcxlv xge{kcxlele fle vgcxlv

~wcbgr fl{l% Cgegvlxile owcald! amil~k! bg~lre{l jl~kakvl~! fle

cgegevwile xl~lr {le` fkvwow lflald nlrl xgegevwle xrmfwi {le`

vgxlv wevwi fkxl~lrile% Cgegevwile bkl{l rgefld lvlw

cgeflxlvile igwevwe`le {le` cli~kcla lflald vwowle flrk xgrgenlelle ~vrlvg`k jl~kakvl~ amil~k%

g% Igxwvw~le Xgr~gfklle

Igxwvw~le xgr~gfklle cgeweowile vlvl nlrl bl`lkclel

xgr~gfklle fklvwr% Igbkolile {le` fklcbka xgrw~ldlle bkl~le{l

cgcxge`lrwdk igxwvw~le jl~kakvl~ amil~k! wevwi kvw igbkolile kek

fk`mame`ile ~gbl`lk ~vrlvg`k am`k~vki%

j% ^vrlvg`k Vrle~xmrvl~k

Igxwvw~le vrle~xmrvl~k {le` fk`welile ~le`lv bgr`levwe`

lfl fg ! g g k i l g `k k l ! g g `k k l ! fl


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Olrke`le igrol {le` lile fkbwlv ~le`lv bgr`levwe` xlfl dla#dla

bgrkiwv?

+ Xgal{lele xgale``le! cgenliwx igclcxwle xge`lflle

xgr~gfklle! igngxlvle xge`krkcle blrle`! fle igngxlvle ~grvl

igvgxlvle cgcgewdk xgrckevlle!

6+ Ilrlivgrk~vki xrmfwi! cgakxwvk bgrlv! zmawcg! dlr`l fle rk~kim!7+ Bkl{l am`k~vki! fle

:+ Igbkolile dlr`l vgrdlflx blrle`%

Cgewrwv Dgk gr fle Rgefgr $288


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o% Immrfkel~k olfpla xrmfwi~k fle xge`krkcle fge`le xgcl~mi fle

fk~vrkbwvmre{l

i% ^lake` bgrbl`k flalc xgegakvkle xl~lr! fle

a% Cge`mxvkclaile rwle`#rwle` im~me` fk flalc wfle`%

2%2% Ikegrol

Ikegrol flxlv fklrvkile ~gbl`lk vkeìlv xgenlxlkle dl~ka lvlw vwowle

xgrw~ldlle! vkeìlv xgenlxlkle xgali~lelle vw`l~ ~gnlrl livwla fle xgenlxlkle ck~k xgrw~ldlle% Ikegrol ow`l flxlv fklrvkile ~gbl`lk xrg~vl~k

{le` fknlxlk xgrw~ldlle flalc xgrkmfg plivw vgrvgevw {le` cgengrckeile

vkeìlv ig~gdlvle xgrw~ldlle vgr~gbwv $^w`k{lr~m fle Pkelrek! 2887+%

Xgekalkle ikegrol xgrw~ldlle cgrwxlile ~wlvw ig`klvle {le` ~le`lv xgevke`

ilrgel bgrfl~lrile dl~ka xgegakvkle vgr~gbwv wiwrle igbgrdl~kale xgrw~ldlle

~galcl ~lvw xgrkmfg vgrvgevw flxlv fkigvldwk% Fge`le fgckikle! dl~ka

xgekalkle vgr~gbwv flxlv xgr`welile ~gbl`lk xgfmcle bl`k w~ldl xgrblkile

clwxwe xgekeìlvle ikegrol ~galeowve{l% Wiwrle ikegrol xgrw~ldlle cgewrwv

^wvl $2887+ flxlv fkakdlv xlfl @lcblr :%

Xge`wiwrle Ikegrol Xgrw~ldlle

Ikegrol Mxgrl~kmela ?

# Xle`~l xl~lr

# Iwlakvl~ xrmfwi

# Gjgivkzkvl~ xgcl~lrle

Ikegrol Igwle`le

Wiwrle bgrbl~k~ liwevle~k ?# Xgrvwcbwdle xgeowlale# Xrmjkvlbkakvl~# Kcbla dl~ka l~gv $RML+# Kcbla dl~ka giwkvl~ $RMG+# Kcbla xgr ~ldlc $GX^+

Bl~k~ Xl~lr ?# Vmvla kcbla dl~ka

~ldlc $xgrvwcbwdledlr`l ~ldlc+

# Akiwkfkvl~ ~ldlc# Fk~vrkbw~k ~ldlc# Ilxkvlak~l~k xl~l r


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2%>%vwnvwrla G|wlvkme Cmfgake` $^GC+

2%>%


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2%>%2% Bgevwi flrk vrwnvwrla G|wlvkme Cmfgake`

Bgevwi cmfga xgr~lclle ~vrwivwrla flxlv fkakdlv xlfl @lcblr 0 bgrkiwv%

@lcblr 0% Cmfga ^GC flalc Bgevwi Fkl`rlc Akevl~ $Vkc Fm~ge

^vlvk~vkil KXB! 2880+

Fkclel ?

3 i~k cgrwxlile zgivmr zlrklbga alvge gi~m`ge

3 gvl cgrwxlile zgivmr zlrklbga alvge gefm`ge

T 3 zlrklbga kefkilvmr bl`k zlrklbga gi~m`ge

[ 3 zlrklbga kefkilvmr bl`k zlrklbga gefm`ge

3 `lccl cgrwxlile clvrki~ imgjk~kge zlrklbga gi~m`ge $ +

3 bgvl cgrwxlile clvrki~ imgjk~kge zlrklbga gefm`ge $ +

3 xdk cgrwxlile imrl`lc levlr zlrklbga alvge

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Zlrklbga kefkilvmr Igvgrle`le Emcmr fk

iwg~kmegr

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ilr{lple vgvlxe{l {le` xlake` ble{li fklevlrl vk`l bl`kle xgrw~ldlle

{le` fk`welile xlfl xgegakvkle kek%

>%:% Xgrwcw~le Dkxmvg~l

Dkxmvg~l {le` fk~w~we flalc xgegakvkle kek lflald ~gbl`lk bgrkiwv ?

D< ? Am`k~vki kebmwef $ig xgrw~ldlle+ bgrxge`lrwd xm~kvkj vgrdlflx ikegrol

xgrw~ldlle

D2 ? Am`k~vki mwvbmef $flrk xgrw~ldlle+ bgrxge`lrwd xm~kvkj vgrdlflx

ikegrol xgrw~ldlleD> ? ^vrlvg`k clelogcge xgcl~mi bgrxge`lrwd xm~kvkj vgrdlflx ~vrlvg`k

CRX

D6 ? ^vrlvg`k dwbwe`le xgale``le bgrxge`lrwd xm~kvkj vgrdlflx ~vrlvg`k

CRX

D7 ? ^vrlvg`k CRX bgrxge`lrwd xm~kvkj vgrdlflx ikegrol xgrw~ldlle

Wok dkxmvg~k~ flalc ^GC ale`~we` flxlv fkakdlv flrk jkv kefgi~ cmfga

dl~ka g~vkcl~k% Dkxmvg~k~ {le` fkwok lflald ?

D8? 3 $+ alple D


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bl`lkclel dla {le` ~xg~kjki flxlv cgeogal~ile ~g~wlvw dla {le`

wcwc $Jgrfkelef! 2882+%

Wok zlakfkvl~ flxlv fkaliwile cgalawk bgbgrlxl vldlx xge`wokle

zlakfkvl~ lalv wiwr! {lkvw ? cge`kfgevkjkil~k ~gnlrl mxgrl~kmela ime~gx

{le` lile fkwiwr! cgaliwile wok nmbl xge`wiwrle xlfl ~gowcald

rg~xmefge! cgcxgr~klxile vlbga vlbwal~k olplble! fle cge`dkvwe`

imrgal~k levlrl cl~ke`#cl~ke` xgrvle{lle fge`le ~imr vmvla

cge``welile rwcw~ vgieki imrgal~k xrmfwnv cmcgev ! {lkvw ?

r dkvwe`3 e $ + $ +$ + [ T T[ %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%$7+

$ +S Y $ +Y S 2222 [ [ e T T e Igvgrle`le ?

r dkvwe` 3 Ekalk imgjk~kgeXglr~me

e 3 Owcald rg~xmefge

T 3 ^imr xgrvle{lle

[ 3 ^imr vmvla

Wok rgaklbkakvl~ fk`welile fge`le cge``welile rwcw~ laxdl

nrmeblnd ! {lkvw ?

r vmvla3 +er 2 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%


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gtvrlnvgf % Ekalknme~vrwnv rgaklbkakv{agbkd bg~lr flrk 8!0 fle zlrkleng

gtvrlnvgf agbkd bg~lr flrk 8!7 cgeweowile igime~k~vgele zlrklbga

kefkilvmr%

Rwcw~ nme~vrwnv rgaklbkakv{lflald ~gbl`lk bgrkiwv ?

Nme~vrwnv Rgaklbkakv{ 3 $vleflrfk gf Amlfke`+ %%%%%$0+

$ ^vleflrfk gf Amlfke`+ ) $ Cgl~wrgcgev Grrmr+

Rwcw~ zlrkleng gtvrlnvgf lflald ~gbl`lk bgrkiwv ?

Zlrkleng Gtvrlnvgf 3 $ ^vleflrfk gf Amlfke`+ %%%%%$4+

$ ^vleflrfk gf Amlfke`+ ) $ Cgl~wrgcgev Grrmr+

>%0%2% ^vrwnvwrla G|wlvkme Cmfgake`

Cgvmfg ^GC fk`welile wevwi cge`lelak~k~ dwbwe`le ~gblb

likblv $ilw~la+ {le` rwckv! fkclel fk flalcc{l vgrflxlv zlrklbga

alvge fle zlrklbga kefkilvmr% ^GC cge``lcblrile igvgrilkvle

dwbwe`le akeglr ~gnlrl ~kcwavle zlrklbga#zlrklbga xge`lclvle! {le`

~gilak`w~ cgakblvile zlrklbga alvge {le` vkfli flxlv fkwiwr ~gnlrlale`~we`% Lelak~l flvl fge`le cge``welile cgvmfg ^GC kek wevwi

cgeogal~ile xge`lrwd xgegrlxle clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile vgrdlflx

ikegrol xgrw~ldlle {le` vgrngrcke flrk xle`~l xl~lr! vke`ilv

igwevwe`le! fl{l ~lke`! iwlakvl~ xrmfwi! fle igxwl~le xgale``le%

Lelak~l flvl cge``welile cgvmfg ^GC fle fkxrm~g~ fge`le

cge``welile ~mjvplrg AK^RGA 4%02 $ Akeglr ^vrwnvwrla

Rgalvkme~dkx+% Fkl`rlc akevl~ igrle`il dwbwe`le CRX vgrdlflx

ikegrol xgrw~ldlle fk~lokile xlfl @lcblr


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2% Cgeìme~vrwi~k Fkl`rlc Xlvd

Xlfl vldlx kek zlrklbga alvge fle zlrklbga kefkilvmr fkbgevwi flalc

fkl`rlc xlvd fge`le vwowle wevwi agbkd cgcldlck bgevwi

dwbwe`le levlr zlrklbga%

>% Imezgr~k Fkl`rlc xlvd ig cmfga ~vrwivwrla

^gvgald fkl`vlc xlvd fkbgevwi! aleìld ~galeowve{l lflald

cgeìmezgr~k fkl`rlc vgr~gbwv ig cmfga ~vrwivwrla% Xlfl vldlx kek

cwalk fk`lcblrile agbkd ogal~ cmfga ~vrwivwrla fle cmfga

xge`wiwrle%

6% Cgckakd Clvrki~ Kexwv

Xlfl vldlx kek clvrki~ kexwv fkxkakd fle fkcl~wiile ig igflalc

xgrdkvwe`le%7% G~vkcl~k lpla cmfga fle gzlawl~k @mmfeg~ mj Jkv

Xlfl vldlx kek clvrki~ kexwv fkmald fle dl~ka g~vkcl~k fkakdlv ekalk

`mmfeg~~ mj jkv #e{l%

:% G~vkcl~k fge`le kefkilvmr xgcblefke`

^gvgald fkaliwile g~vkcl~k lpla fle fkigvldwk bldpl ekalk

`mmfeg~~ mj jkv cmfga ~g~wlk fle cmfga fkvgrkcl! aleìld

~galeowve{l lflald cge`g~vkcl~k cmfga fge`le cge``welile

kefkilvmr xgcblefke`% Dla kek fkaliwile wevwi cge`levk~kxl~k

lfle{l imevrkbw~k zlrklbga {le` vkfli vgrfgvgi~k xlfl g~vkcl~k

~gbgawce{l%

0% Kevgrxrgvl~k Cmfga

Aleìld vgrlidkr lflald cge`kevgrxrgvl~kile dl~ka g~vkcl~k! {lkvw


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KZ% DL^KA FLE XGCBLDL^LE

6%


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Igvgrle`le @lcblr ?

Lfckek~vrlvwr

^kefgr Igxlal ^kefgr VWI ^kefgr Xlbrki ^kefgr Vgieki ^kefgr Pk~lvl L`rm

^kefgr Ljfgake` L~k~vge ^kefgr VWI L~k~vge ^kefgr Xlbrki

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8% Clefmr @kake`%>% Clbg~ Rlplv% >2% Clbg~ Igrke`%7% Clefmr Xge{kle`le% >>% Clefmr ^mrvl~k%:% Clefmr Xle`il~% >6% Clefmr E`gxli%0% Xgali~lel% >7% Xgali~lel4% OVW Igxlal% >:% OVW Igxlal%;% OVW Vkcble`% >0% Xgcblevw OVW%4% Clbg~ Bge`iga Wcwc%


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xgcbl`kle flgrld igrol xlrl xgcgvki fle cgcwfldile xge`lpl le


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xgcbl kle flgrld igrol xlrl xgcgvki fle cgcwfldile xge lpl~le

magd clefmr vgrdlflx xlrl xgcgvki xwnwi vgd% ^gvklx flgrld

xgelelcle fkblpldk magd ~lvw ~kefgr ljfgake` fle gelc clefmr

igbwe {le` vgrfkrk flrk fwl clefmr bg~lr% ^gvgald xwnwi vgd fkxgvki!

xlrl xgcgvki xwnwi vgd bgriwcxwa fk ~wlvw vgcxlv $olale igeflrlle fk

~gikvlr igbwe+ wevwi cge`wcxwaile fle cgekcble` xwnwi vgd {le

fkxgvkie{l% Xge`wcxwale fle xgekcble`le xwnwi vgd bkl~le{l

fkaliwile fwl ilak ~gdlrk! {lkvw xlfl xwiwa


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cgaliwile xgcbgrkvldwle fle immrfkel~k {le blki fge le bl kle

ljfgake` ! {lkvw fge`le cge`mxvkclaile owcald xgcgvki {le`

fkbwvwdile ~g~wlk fge`le awl~ igbwe {le` lile fkxgvki fle vlr`gv

xrmfwi~k {le` ke`ke fknlxlk% ^galke kvw! xgrcl~laldle vgr~gbwv fklvl~k

fge`le cgcxgigrolile xgcgvki agxl~! {lkvw xgcgvki {le`

fkxgigrolile ~gnlrl vkfli vgvlx fle owcalde{l vgr`levwe` igbwvwdle%

Igeflal igfwl {le` ~grke` fkdlflxk fk bl`kle xgcl~mi vgd {lkvw

cwvw xwnwi vgd {le` fkxgvki% Vgrflxlv bgbgrlxl dla {le`

cgcxge`lrwdk cwvw xwnwi vgd {le` fkxgvki! {lkvw nwlnl! dlcl! fle

igldakle xgcgvki% Wevwi cge`lvl~k igeflal nwlnl fle dlcl!

xgrw~ldlle cgaliwile xgcgakdlrlle igbwe fle xge{gcxrmvle dlcl

{le` fkaliwile ~gnlrl rwvke fle fklpl~k magd ~lvw clefmr bg~lr%

Igeflal igldakle xgcgvki fklvl~k fge`le cgcbgrkile lrldle igxlfl

xlrl xgcgvki cge`gelk nlrl xgcgvkile xwnwi vgd {le` blki! {lkvw

fge`le dle{l cgcgvki xwnwi vgd%

6%2%2% Xlbrki Xge`maldle

L~xgi#l~xgi {le` fkbldl~ vgrilkv fge`le xge`maldle lflald

xgr~gfklle fle xrm~g~ xge`maldle {le` lile fkwrlkile ~gbl`lk

bgrkiwv%


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Xrmfwi olfk fk~kcxle flalc `wfle` ~gefkrk {le` cgrwxlile


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g { g

bl`kle flrk xlbrki xge`maldle bkl~le{l cli~kcla bgrlfl fwl

cke``w fk `wfle` xgrw~ldlle% Xgrw~ldlle ow`l vkfli cge`gawlrile

bkl{l xgr~gfklle alke! {lkvw bkl{l xg~le! bkl{l xge{klxle! fle bkl{l

igdlbk~le bldle% Dla kek fkilrgelile xwnwi vgd fklcbka ~gvklx dlrk

~gbl`lk ig`klvle rwvke xgrw~ldlle vlexl xgraw lfl ~k~vgc xgcg~lele%

Xwnwi vgd {le` fkxgrmagd ale`~we` fkblpl fle fkmald ig bl`kle

xlbrki xge`maldle ~g~wlk owcald xwnwi vgd {le` lfl! ~gdke``l

xgrw~ldlle vkfli cge`gawlrile bkl{l xge{klxle fle igdlbk~le

bldle%

Xgrw~ldlle vkfli cge`lalck igeflal {le` bgrlrvk flalc

cge`gamal xgr~gfklle! vgrwvlcl xrmfwi olfk% Vgcxlv xge{kcxlele

xrmfwi olfk fk xlbrki xge`maldle flxlv cgelcxwe` owcald xrmfwi

{le` fkdl~kaile ~gbgawc fklevlrile ig xgale``le lvlw ig xgrw~ldlle

ol~l fk~vrkbwvmr kefgxgefge fk flgrld Vleowe` Xrkmi! {lkvw

XV% Zlrwel Vkrvl Xrlilr~l% Xge``welle ol~l fk~vrkbwvmr kefgxgefge

kek vkfli bgrxge`lrwd vgrdlflx bkl{l XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ ilrgel

bkl{le{l fkigamal magd xgrw~ldlle xw~lv {lkvw XVXE ZKKK! Blefwe`%

2% Xrm~g~ Xge`maldle

Xgegevwle igbkolile xrmfwi~k fk XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~

fkaliwile fge`le cgegvlxile vlr`gv xrmfwi~k% Xrmfwi~k {le`

fkdl~kaile bgrbgfl ~gvklx dlrke{l vgr`levwe` xlfl owcald xwnwi vgd

{le` lfl% Xge`maldle xwnwi vgd wevwi cgeolfk xrmfwi olfk {le`

bgrwxl vgd dkvlc fkcwalk flrk xgegrkclle xwnwi ~g`lr! xgcbgbgrle

fle xgal{wle! lelak~l xgvki fle xwnwi! xge``kake`le fle jgrcgevl~k!

xge`grke`le! ~mrvl~k fle xge`gxlile% Xrm~g~ xrmfwi~k vgd dkvlc

Nrw~dke` Vglrke` Nwrake` $NVN+ fkvweowiile xlfl Vlbga 6%

Vlbga 6% Fkl`rlc xrm~g~ Xge`maldle Vgd Dkvlc NVN


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g g g g

Plivw $olc+ ^kcbma Fkl`rlc Fg~irkx~k Xrm~g~


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@wewe` Cl~ flxlv fkakdlv xlfl Vlbga 7%

Vlbga 7% Xrm~g~ xge`maldle vgd dkvlc NVN Em Xrm~g~

Xge`maldleIg`klvle Cg~ke {le`

fk`welileVwowle

% Lelak~k~ xgvki fle xwnwi

Cge`lclvk xwnwi vgd{le` lile fkmald

# Cge`gvldwk igal{lile xwnwi vgd

6% Xge``kake`lefle jgrcgevl~k

l% Xgck~ldle xwnwi vgd flrk clvgrklaalke ~gxgrvk walv

fle irkika b% Xrm~g~

xge``kake`le xgrvlcl fge`lewiwrle < nc

n% Cge`dlenwrileagbkd dlaw~

f% Xrm~g~ jgrcgevl~kg% Wok dl~ka

l% @rgle Aglj ^dkjvgr $@A^+

b% Blrbmrl aglj

Nmefkvkmegr $BAN+

n% Nrw~dke`Vglrke`Nwrake $NVN+

f% Jgrcgevke`Wekv $JW+

l% Cge`dlenwrile ~ga#~gaflwe

b% Cgcbgrk ig~gcxlvle

vgrolfke{l rgli~kge kclvk~

n% Xrm~g~Nrw~dke` Vglrke`Nwrake` $NVN+

7% Xge`grke`le l% Cge`grke`ile vgd{le` vgaldfk`kake`

b% Wok dl~ka

l% Jawkf Bgf Fr{gr $JBF+ b% Dglf

Gtndle`gr $DG+

Cge`dgevkile mi~kfl~kge kclvk~ l`lr vgd flxlvfk~kcxle agbkd alcl

:% ^mrvl~k Cgck~ldile vgd {le`vgald fk`kake`

bgrfl~lrile wiwrle

l% Ckfag Vmeg $CV+ {le`vgrfkrk flrk

Ckek Nrw~dgr

fle Zkbrm Balni

b% Ndmvvl ^kjvgr Nmezg{mr $N^N+

n% ^wnvkme

Cgck~ldile bwbwi vgd{le` fkdl~kaile bgrfl~lrilewiwrle xlrvkiga! bgrlv ogek~!fle ilefwe`le ~grlv-vwale`

Xrm~g~ xge`maldle vgd dkvlc vgr~gbwv fkwrlkile bgrkiwv ?


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l% Xgegrkclle Xwnwi g`lr

Vwowlee{l lflald wevwi cge`gvldwk iwlevkvl~ fle iwlakvl~

xwnwi {le` lile fkmald! ~grvl cgeolcke fle cgcl~vkile bldpl

xwnwi vgd bk~l fkal{wile ~gdke``l ~klx wevwi fk`kake`% Xgegrkclle

xwnwi vgd kek cgcbwvwdile plivw ~galcl < # 2 olc flalc ~gdlrk%

b% Xgcbgbgrle fle Xgal{wle

Xgcbgbgrle bgrvwowle wevwi cgcgnldile `wcxlale xwnwi vgd

wevwi cgcwfldile ~kriwal~k wflrl% Alcl plivw {le` fkbwvwdile

8 i`-c fge`le igvke``kle bgbgrle >868 nc%

Xgal{wle bgrvwowle wevwi cge`wrle`k ilflr lkr xwnwi ~g`lr

~gdke``l fkflxlvile ilflr lkr :4 06 xgr~ge fle cgcwfldile

flalc xrm~g~ xge``kake`le ~grvl jgrcgevl~k% Wevwi cgeflxlvile

igal{wle {le` ~grl`lc fle ~gcxwrel fkaliwile xgcblakile ~lvw

~lcxlk fwl ilak lvlw ~g~wlk igbwvwdle% Xgcblakile bgrvwowle wevwi

cgrlvlile xgal{wle levlrl xwnwi bl`kle blpld fge`le bl`kle lvl~%

Alcl xgal{wle levlrl


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igrlvlle al{wle fge`le nlrl cge`lcbka xwnwi al{w ~gnlrl lnli

~gble{li < $~lvw+ i` alaw fklfwi fle fklcbka nmevmd 788 `rlc%Xwnwi al{w fge`le xwnwi iwrle` al{w fkxk~ld alaw cl~ke`#cl~ke`

fkvkcble` fle fkdkvwe` xgr~gevl~ge{l% Dl~ka lelak~l fknlvlv xlfl

bwiw xgal{wle% Xwnwi fge`le ilflr lkr fle vke`ilv igal{wle {le`

~g~wlk ~klx wevwi fk`kake`%

n% Lelak~l Xgvki fle Lelak~l Xwnwi Lelak~l Xgvki fle Xwnwi bgrvwowle wevwi cge`gvldwk bgrlxl

lelak~l xwnwi {le` cgcgewdk ~{lrlv% Lelak~l Xgvki fkaliwile

fge`le nlrl cge`lcbka xwnwi {le` vgald fkbgbgrile xlfl Pkvdgrke`

Vrmw`d cl~ke`#cl~ke` bl`kle ~lvw vkvki alaw lfwi rlvl igcwfkle

fkvkcble` )-#


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xwnwi al{w fle flvl vgr~gbwv fknlvlv flalc bwiw xge`grke`le% Ilflr


67/130

lkr bwbwi vgd 2!7 >!7 xgr~ge% Xge`wokle alkee{l lflald bgrlv ogek~

bwbwi! xge`wiwrle fkaliwile fge`le lalv Vgl Fge~kcgvgr % Bwbwi vgd fkvkcble` 2!7 `rlc alaw fkcl~wiile igflalc `gal~ wiwr Vgl

Fge~kcgvgr fle lalv fk~gv ~gowcald 28 ilak igvwile igcwfkle

fkvgile vmcbma Me% Igcwfkle xgrcwille bwbwi fkrlvlile fle

fkakdlv zmawcge{l! ~galeowve{l fkblefke`ile fge`le ^vleflr Cwvw

Fge~kvl~ Vgd Dkvlc NVN $^CFVD NVN+%

j% ^ m r v l ~ k

^mrvl~k bgrvwowle wevwi cgck~ldile ogek~ vgd {le` fkdl~kaile

bgrfl~lrile wiwrle xlrvkiga! bgrlv ogek~ fle ilefwe`le ~grlv-vwale`!

~gdke``l fkxgrmagd xlrvkiga bwbwi vgd {le` ~grl`lc ~g~wlk fge`le

~vleflr {le` fkke`keile xgale``le lvlw xl~lr %Alcl plivw {le`

fkbwvwdile levlrl < 2 olc% Rwle`le ~mrvl~k bgr~wdw 28 N 27 N

fle xlfl igagcblble 78 # :8 xgr~ge l`lr vkfli vgrolfk xgewrwele

cwvw bwbwi vgd igrke` ilrgel ~kjlve{l {le` Dkfrmnmxk~cwfld

cge{grlx lkr%

Xrm~g~ ~mrvl~k vgd dkvlc NVN fkbl`k cgeolfk fwl olawr! {lkvw

olawr L $Dlaw~+ fle olawr B $il~lr+% Vwowlee{l wevwi cgcxrm~g~wale` vgd {le` vkfli cgcgewdk ~{lrlv cwvw xlfl olawr L fle fkwale`

xlfl olawr B% Bwbwi vgd flrk xge`grke`le cl~wi ig Cg~ke Ckfag

Vmeg wevwi cgck~ldile vgd il~lr fle dlaw~% Bl`kle {le` il~lr

cl~wi ig Cg~ke Ckek Nrw~dgr $B+ fle bl`kle dlaw~ cl~wi ig Cg~ke

Zkbrm Balei $L+%Zkbrm Balei bgrjwe`~k wevwi cgck~ldile flwe fle

~grlv! bl`kle {le` bgrplrel dkvlc flrk flwe! ~gfle ile nmialv flrk

blvle`% Bl`kle {le` amam~ cl~wi ig Cg~ke Zkbrm Cg~d {le`

bgrjwe`~k wevwi cgck~ldile flwe fle ~grvl ogek~e{l%

fle gcxlv bgrwiwrle rke`le% Wevwi cgcl~vkile vgd bgr~kd flrk ~grlv


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~gvgald igawlr flrk ~wnvkme pkempgr vgd cl~wi ig Cg~ke Zkbrgi ! alaw

fkvkcble` igcwfkle fk~kcxle fk Xgvk Ckrke` ~lcxlk cgenwiwxkwevwi xge`gxlile%

`% Xge`gxlile%

Xge`gxlile bgrvwowle wevwi cgakefwe`k xrmfwi flrk

igrw~lile! cgcwfldile vrle~xmrvl~k! xge{kcxlele! igcl~le flalc

owcald ogek~ vgrvgevw fle xgcl~lrle% Xge`gxlile cgrwxlile lidkr

xrm~g~ xgigrolle fk xlbrki ~gbgawc blrle` vgr~gbwv fkikrkc ig

xgcbgak% Vgd lile fkigcl~ lxlbkal vgald cgenwiwxk wevwi fkbwlv

~lvwNdmx $gi~xmr+ fle ~lvw IB $amila+% Ogek~ vgd {le` lile fkigcl~

fkigawlrile flrk xgvk ckrke` cgalawk nmezg{mr ig Vgl Bwaigr %

Vgl Bwaigr bgrjwe`~k ~gbl`lk vgcxlv xge{kcxlele ~gcgevlrl

~gbgawc xge`gxlile% Okil xgr~gfklle vgd flalc Vgl Bwaigr

cgenwiwxk! clil fkaliwile xge`gxlile fge`le cge`gawlrile

bwbwi vgd cgalawk nmrme` xge`gawlrle% Bwbwi vgd fkigcl~ flalc

Xlxgr ^lni {le` bgrlve{l 8!0 I` fkalxk~k fge`le jlka wevwi

cgeng`ld igelkile ilflr lkr flalc vgd igrke`% Bwbwi vgd fk igcl~

~lcbka fkvkcble` igcwfkle fkxlflvile cge``welile vgl bl` xlnigr ~galcl


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blki% W~ldl {le` fkaliwile wevwi cge`lvl~k igeflal kek lflald

fge`le cgaliwile xgrlplvle cg~ke ~gnlrl vgrlvwr {le` fkigamalmagd bl`kle vgieki% ^galke kvw! fkaliwile xge`lrldle igxlfl xlrl

xg`lplk xge`maldle vgevle` nlrl cge``welile cg~ke {le` blki

fle bgelr! ~gdke``l fkdlrlxile flxlv cgeng`ld vgrolfke{l

igrw~lile cg~ke%

Xrmfwi {le` fkdl~kaile vgrbl`k ig flalc vk`l vke`ilv cwvw!

{lkvw cwvw K! cwvw KK! fle cwvw KKK% Igvk`l ogek~ cwvw vgr~gbwv

vgrbl`k al`k flalc bgbgrlxl igal~! {lkvw ?

l% Cwvw K ? Brmiige Xgnnm < $BX


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Xrm~g~ fk~vrkbw~k fk XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ fkaliwile magd

fk~vrkbwvmr xgrw~ldlle ~gefkrk fle xgrw~ldlle ol~l fk~vrkbwvmr


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fk~vrkbwvmr xgrw~ldlle ~gefkrk fle xgrw~ldlle ol~l fk~vrkbwvmr

kefgxgefge% Fk~vrkbw~k xrmfwi {le` fkaliwile magd XVXE ZKKK@wewe` Cl~ bgrfl~lrile xlfl ~wrlv xgrkevld le`iwv $^XL+ flrk

bl`kle xgcl~lrle ilevmr xw~lv! {lkvw XVXE ZKKK! Blefwe`%

Vgrflxlv fwl ~lawrle fk~vrkbw~k {le` fkaliwile XVXE ZKKK @wewe`

Cl~% Xgrvlcl! XVXE ZKKK @wewe` cl~ cge``welile fk~vrkbwvmr

xgrw~ldlle ~gefkrk fle ale`~we` cge`levlrilee{l ig xgale``le

~g~wlk fge`le ^XL% Bkl~le{l wevwi ~lawrle fk~vrkbw~k xgrvlcl kek

xgale``le {le` fkvwow lflald xgale``le amila% Igfwl! XVXE ZKKK

@wewe` Cl~ cge``welile fk~vkrbwvmr xgrw~ldlle ~gefkrk fle

cge`levlrilee{l ig xgrw~ldlle ol~l fk~vrkbwvmr kefgxgefge {lkvw

XV% Zlrwel Vkrvl Xrlilr~l fk Vleowe` Xrkmi% Bkl~le{l ~lawrle

fk~vrkbw~k igfwl kek fkvwowile wevwi xgale``le awlr eg`grk lvlwgi~xmr% XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ ~galcl kek vkfli xgreld cge`lalck

igeflal flalc ~k~vgc fk~vrkbw~k! ~gdke``l xrmfwi bk~l ~lcxlk ig

xgale``le vgxlv plivw%

6%2%6% Xgale``le

XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ lflald ~lald ~lvw wekv xgrigbwele{le` fkigamal magd XVXE ZKKK! Blefwe`% Xgcl~lrle xrmfwi ~galcl

kek fkaliwile magd ilevmr xw~lv% ^k~vgc xgcl~lrle {le` fkaliwile

magd xgrw~ldlle vgrbl`k flalc fwl bgevwi xgcl~lrle! {lkvw ~k~vgc

imevrli fle agale` $lwnvkme+% ^k~vgc xgcl~lrle xgrvlcl fkaliwile

fge`le nlrl xgcbgak {le` bgrckelv wevwi cgcbgak xrmfwi

xgrw~ldlle flvle` ale`~we` ig bl`kle xgcl~lrle ilevmr xw~lv fk

Blefwe`% Xgcbgak lile cgaliwile eg`m~kl~k fge`le bl`kle

xgcl~lrle cge`gelk bgrlxl owcald xrmfwi {le` fkke`keile fle

{le` fkaliwile fk Ilevmr Xgcl~lrle Bgr~lcl XV% Xgrigbwele

Ew~levlrl fk olale Nwv Cwvkld Em%


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Ew levlrl fk olale Nwv Cwvkld Em%


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rlevlk xl mile cwalk flrk xgcl mi! xrmfwi k lvlw xge maldle! fle

fk~vrkbw~k% Magd ilrgel kvw! fkbwvwdile vgel`l igrol {le` bgriwlakvl~fge`le cgckakik igldakle! igvgrlcxkale fle fk~kxake igrol {le`

vke``k fk~gvklx wekv igrol xgrw~ldlle% Vgel`l igrol {le` bgriwlakvl~

lile bgrflcxli xlfl xrmfwivkzkvl~ igrol {le` xlfl lidkre{l

cgcxge`lrwdk ikegrol xgrw~ldlle% Vgel`l igrol {le` lfl fk XVXE

ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ xlfl wcwce{l bgrl~la flrk ~gikvlr xgrigbwele!

{le` cgckakik irkvgrkl igrol flrk xgigrol il~lr ~lcxlk xgigrol wevwi

xrm~g~ xrmfwi~k! ignwlak bgbgrlxl mrle` ~vlj {le` fkrgirwv flrk

ilevmr xw~lv XVXE ZKKK fk Blefwe`% Ilr{lple {le` fkckakik XVXE

ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ vgrfkrk flrk ilr{lple vgvlx $:>> mrle`+ fle

ilr{lple bmrme`le $728 mrle`+% Owcald ilr{lple XVXE ZKKK

@wewe` Cl~ flxlv fkakdlv xlfl Vlbga 0%

Vlbga 0% Owcald ilr{lple XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ bwale Fg~gcbgr vldwe 288:%

Bl`kle Ilr{lple Vgvlx

$mrle`+

Ilr{lple Bmrme`le

$mrle`+

Ilevmr Kefwi

Pk~lvl L`rmXge`maldle

Vgieki @wewe` Cl~ K@wewe` Cl~ KK

Nkimxm ^galvle K^vlj-Xkcxkele

2;

78>;2% Dl~ka Wok Zlakfkvl~ fle Rgaklbkakvl~

Ke~vrwcge {le` zlakf fle rgaklbga lile cge`dl~kaile xgegakvkle {le`

zlakf fle rgaklbga% Ke~vrwcge {le` zlakf bgrlrvk lalv wiwr {le` fk`welile

wevwi cgeflxlvile flvl $cge`wiwr+ kvw zlakf% Zlakf bgrlrvk ke~vrwcge

vgr~gbwv flxlv fk`welile wevwi cge`wiwr lxl {le` fkwiwr% Wok zlakfkvl~

fkaliwile igxlfl >8 ilr{lple XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ {le` vgrfkrk flrkilr{lple xge`maldle $xlbrki+! ilr{lple vgieki! fle ilr{lple ljfgake` %

Wok zlakfkvl~ fkaliwile fge`le cge`dkvwe` imrgal~k levlrl ~imr cl~ke`#

cl~ke` ~gvklx zlrklbga kefkilvmr fge`le ~imr vmvlae{l cge``welile rwcw~

imrgal~k xrmfwnv cmcgev fle fkmald cge``welile ~mjvplrg Gtnga%

Leìl imrgal~k {le` fkxgrmagd igcwfkle fkblefkeìle fge`le

leìl irkvki vlbga imrgal~k ekalk r xrmfwnv cmcgev % Wevwi owcald rg~xmefge

>8 mrle` fle vkeìlv ~kèkjkile~k 7 '! clil fkxgrmagd leìl irkvki ~gbg~lr

8!>::

Bgrfl~lrile dl~ka xgrdkvwe`le! flrk vmvla 0: xgre{lvlle {le` fklowileigxlfl rg~xmefge fkxgrmagd ~gcwl xgre{lvlle zlakf% Rkenkle xgre{lvlle

{le` fklowile vgrfkrk flrk


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$vke`ilv ~k`ekjkile~k 7 '+ {le` bgrlrvk bldpl ~gcwl zlrklbga kefkilvmr

zlakf%


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^gvgald cmfga fkwok fge`le ignmnmile cmfga fle wok zlakfkvl~!aleìld ~galeowve{l lflald cgaliwile wok rgaklbkakvl~% Xge`wokle kek wevwi

cge`gvldwk lxlild zlrklbga kefkilvmr {le` fk`welile flxlv cge`wiwr

zlrklbga alvge ~gnlrl ime~k~vge% Ekalk {le` clike vke``k cgeweowiile

bldpl ~gclike vke``k xwal vkeìlv igime~k~vgelee{l% Xge`wokle

rgaklbkakvl~ cmfga fkdkvwe` fge`le cge``welile rwcw~ nme~vrwnv

rgaklbkakv{fle zlrkleng gtvrlnvgf % Xlfl Alcxkrle 6 flxlv fkakdlv bldpl

~gawrwd ekalknme~vrwnv rgaklbkakv{flrk iggcxlv zlrklbga alvge lflald

~gbl`lk bgrkiwv! ~vrlvg`k clelogcge xgcl~mi ;6 xgr~ge! ~vrlvg`k dwbwe`le

xgale``le 44 xgr~ge! ^vrlvg`k CRX ;2 xgr~ge! fle ikegrol xgrw~ldlle ;8

xgr~ge% Ekalknme~vrwnv rgaklbkakv{flrk ~gawrwd zlrklbga alvge vgald cgckakik

ekalk {le` blki {lkvw fklvl~ 08 xgr~ge% ^gfleìle ekalk zlrkleng gtvrlnvgf flrk iggcxlv zlrklbga alvge lflald ~vrlvg`k clelogcge xgcl~mi 48 xgr~ge!

~vrlvg`k dwbwe`le xgale``le :: xgr~ge! ~vrlvg`k CRX :: xgr~ge! fle

ikegrol xgrw~ldlle :0 xgr~ge% Ekalk zlrkleng gtvrlnvgf flrk ~gawrwd

zlrklbga alvge vgald cgckakik ekalk {le` blki {lkvw fklvl~ 78 xgr~ge%

6%6% Ilrlivgrk~vki Rg~xmefge

^grlvw~ mrle` rg~xmefge {le` fklcbka ~gbl`lk nmevmd vgrfkrk flrk :;

mrle` rg~xmefge bgrogek~ igalcke alik#alik fle >< mrle` rg~xmefge

bgrogek~ igalcke xgrgcxwle% Bgrfl~lrile w~kl! rg~xmefge vgrble{li {lkvw

ilr{lple bgrw~kl 6< 78 vldwe $6:'+! w~kl >< 68 vldwe $>7'+! w~kl

2< >8 vldwe $


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@lcblr % Xgr~gevl~g Rg~xmefge Bgrfl~lrile Ogek~ Igalcke

@lcblr 7'6


78/130


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Vlbga ;% Vlbwal~k ^kale` Flvl Rg~xmefge

Ogek~ Igalcke W~kl Cl~l Igrol

XgefkfkileAlik#

alik Xgrgcxwle Vmvla

28

Vde

> 6: 4 22 < 2 >

^< 2 8 2 < < 2 < < 2

Vmvla :; ><


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ekalk @JK 3 8%;< fle L@JK 3 8%4; {le` flxlv fkakdlv fk Alcxkrle 7% Ekalk

@JK 3 8%;< vgr~gbwv ~wfld agbkd bg~lr flrk 8%;8 {le` lrvke{l cmfga vgr~gbwv


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vgald clcxw cgegrleìle igrl`lcle flvl fge`le blki% Ekalk L@JK 3 8%4; ow`l vgald cgcgewdk blvl~ ckekcwc {lkvw fklvl~ 8%48% Fge`le fgckikle

flxlv fkilvlile bldpl D8? 3 $+ fkvgrkcl! {lkvw cmfga vgald blki

flalc cgrgxrgevl~kile flvl fle al{li wevwi fk`welile%

^galke kvw! flrk dl~ka g~vkcl~k ow`l fkxgrmagdamlfke` jlnvmr $ +%

cgrwxlile imgjk~kge {le` cgeweowiile ~gbgrlxl bg~lr xge`lrwd zlrklbga

kefkilvmr flalc cgcbgevwi zlrklbga alvge% Ekalk {le` xlake` bg~lr bgrlrvk

cgeweowiile bldpl zlrklbga kefkilvmr vgr~gbwv cgrwxlile jlivmr {le`

xlake` bgrxge`lrwd flalc cgcbgevwi zlrklbga alvge% Fge`le ilvl alke!

~gclike bg~lr ekalk ! clil ~gclike bg~lr imevrkbw~k $xge`lrwd+ ~wlvw

zlrklbga kefkilvmr flalc cgcbgevwi zlrklbga alvge%

Bgrfl~lrile ekalk {le` fkckakik ~gvklx zlrklbga kefkilvmr! flxlvfke{lvlile bldpl igvgxlvle xge`krkcle $t 2+ fle rg~xme ngxlv vgrdlflx

xgrckevlle flrwrlv $t >+ cgrwxlile zlrklbga#zlrklbga {le` xlake`

bgrxge`lrwd vgrdlflx ~vrlvg`k clelogcge xgcl~mi fge`le ekalk {le`

~lcl! {lkvw ~gbg~lr 8%78% ^galke kvw! lfle{l xrm~gfwr vgrvgevw vgrdlflx

xge`lfwle xgale``le $t 4+ cgrwxlile zlrklbga kefkilvmr {le` cgckakik

xge`lrwd vgrbg~lr fge`le 3 8%:7 vgrdlflx ~vrlvg`k dwbwe`le xgale``le%

Igvgrakblvle ~gcwl le``mvl rlevlk xl~mile flalc xgrgenlelle xgcl~lrle

$[ : + cgrwxlile zlrklbga kefkilvmr {le` cgckakik xge`lrwd xlake` bg~lr

vgrdlflx ~vrlvg`k clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile! {lkvw fge`le ekalk 3 8%08%

^gfleìle wevwi ikegrol xgrw~ldlle! zlrklbga kefkilvmr {le` cgckakik

xge`lrwd vgrbg~lr {lkvw igxwl~le xgale``le fge`le ekalk 3 8%07%^gvgald fkxgrmagd dl~ka g~vkcl~k lpla CRX vgrdlflx ikegrol

xgrw~ldlle! clil fkaliwile xgegevwle zlrklbga kefkilvmr xgcblefke`%

X l k fkil fl l fk li il lfl l ld l fl k kl l klb

clcxw cgcgewdk igbwvwdle xgale``le vgxlv plivw $t 7+! cgekeìlvile

kevg`rl~k levlr livkzkvl~ rlevlk xl~mile $[


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Xge``welle kefkilvmr xgrvlcl ~gbl`lk xgcblefke` flrk ~gvklx zlrklbgaalvge fkcli~wfile wevwi cgcwfldile xgcblefke`le fle ilokle dl~ka%

Kefkilvmr xgcblefke` bgrvwowle wevwi cge`levk~kxl~k imevrkbw~k lvlw

xge`lrwd zlrklbga {le` vkfli vgrfgvgi~k flalc cmfga xgegakvkle kek% Ekalk

zlrklbga alkee{l ~galeowve{l fkblefke`ile fge`le ekalk flrk zlrklbga

xgcblefke` wevwi cgakdlv ekalk imevrkbw~k zlrklbga vgr~gbwv flalc

cgcbgevwi zlrklbga alvge% Dl~ka lelak~l g~vkcl~k fge`le cge``welile

kefkilvmr xgcblefke` flxlv fkakdlv xlfl @lcblr


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@lcblr


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flalc cgrwcw~ile ~vrlvg`k CRX xgrw~ldlle ~gdke``l xgrw~ldlle

flxlv cgrlkd xl~lr {le` agbkd bg~lr fle cgcwl~ile xgale``lee{l%


85/130


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Zlrklbga igvgxlvle xge`krkcle bldle bliw $t 2+ cgckakik 3 2%8;% Igvgxlvle xge`krkcle xwnwi vgd kek cgcbgrkile xge`lrwd

vgrbg~lr igfwl vgrdlflx ~vrlvg`k clelogcge xgcl~mi% Igvgxlvle

xge`krkcle xwnwi vgd lile cgcxge`lrwdk ig`klvle xge`maldle fle

xlfl lidkre{l lile cgcxge`lrwdk igclcxwle xgrw~ldlle flalc

cgcgewdk xg~lele xgale``le% Magd ilrgel kvw! xgrw~ldlle ~galcl

kek cgegvlxile olfpla {le` vgvlx wevwi xge`krkcle xwnwi vgd ig

xlbrki xge`maldle l`lr ig`klvle xrmfwi~k vkfli cge`lalck

dlcblvle% Xge`krkcle xwnwi vgd ig xlbrki xge`maldle ~galcl kek

vgxlv plivw% Xwnwi vgd {le` vgald fkxgvki magd xlrl xgcgvki

fkiwcxwaile wevwi igcwfkle fkvkcble`% Xwnwi vgd {le` vgald

fkvkcble` ~klx fkikrkc ig xlbrki fge`le cge``welile gcxlv bwldvrwi xgrw~ldlle% Xge`krkcle bldle bliw ig xlbrki fkaliwile fwl

ilak flalc ~gdlrk! {lkvw ~gvklx xwiwa


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xwnwi vgd {le` fkmald lile cgcxge`lrwdk iwlakvl~ xrmfwi {le`fkdl~kaile% Iwlakvl~ xwnwi vgd {le` fkxgvki fklpl~k magd clefmr

vklx flgrld xgelelcle% Iwlevkvl~ lflald owcald xwnwi vgd {le`

fkdl~kaile wevwi xrm~g~ xge`maldle% Iwlevkvl~ xwnwi vgd ~le`lv

cgcxge`lrwdk igalenlrle xrm~g~ xge`maldle fle owcald dl~ka

xrmfwi~k% Dlr`l xwnwi vgd cgrwxlile ~lald ~lvw l~xgi {le`

fkdkvwe` flalc bkl{l xrmfwi~k% Bkl{l kek cgakxwvk bk{l xge`gamalle

fle xgrlplvle vlelcle! ~grvl bkl{l cgcxgigrolile xlrl xgcgvki

vgd% Dlr`l xwnwi vgd cgcxge`lrwdk bkl{l xrmfwi~k xgrw~ldlle

~gnlrl ig~gawrwdle%

2% ^vrlvg`k Dwbwe le fge`le Xgale``le $ 2+

Zlrklbga {le` cgckakik ekalk amlfke` jlnvmr vgrvke``k xlfl

~vrlvg`k dwbwe`le fge`le xgale``le {lkvw cgegvlxile xrm~gfwr

vgrvgevw vgrdlflx xge`lfwle xgale``le $t 4+ fge`le 3

xgale``le vgxlv plivw $t 7+ fge`le 3$vke`ilv ~k`ekjkile~k 7 '+%

Zlrklbga cgegvlxile xrm~gfwr vgrvgevw vgrdlflx xge`lfwle

xgale``le $t 4+ cgcbgrkile xge`lrwd xlake` bg~lr vgrdlflx ~vrlvg`k

dwbwe`le xgale``le fge`le 3


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xgcl~lrle ilevmr xw~lv XVXE ZKKK% Igcwfkle lile fkvgrw~ileig Lfcke~vrlvwr XVXE ZKKK @wewe` Cl~% Xge`lfwle ~galeowve{l

fk~lcxlkile ig bl`kle#bl`kle {le` ~g~wlk fge`le dla {le`

fklfwile xgale``le% Xge`lfwle xgale``le cge`gelk iwlakvl~

xrmfwi lile fkvle`lek magd xlbrki xge`maldle ~gdke``l flxlv

cgcxgrblkik fle cgeke`ilvile iwlakvl~ xrmfwie{l% Xge`lfwle

xgale``le cge`gelk xgal{lele lile fkvle`lek magd fk~vrkbwvmr

xgrw~ldlle wevwi xgale``le amila% Xge`lfwle flrk xgale``le awlr

eg`grk lile fkvle`lek ~gnlrl bgr~lcl magd fk~vrkbwvmr xgrw~ldlle

fle xgrw~ldlle ol~l fk~vrkbwvmr kefgxgefge {le` fk`welile

xgrw~ldlle xw~lv% Xge`lfwle xgale``le ~gdlrw~e{l ale`~we`

fkvle`lek magd bl`kle {le` bgrdwbwe`le ale`~we` fge`le xgale``le% Xge`lfwle xgrvlcl fkvgrkcl fle fkvle`lek magd

fk~vrkbwvmr xgrw~ldlle fle xgrw~ldlle ol~l fk~vrkbwvmr kefgxgefge

wevwi igcwfkle fk~lcxlkile ale`~we` ig xgrw~ldlle $xlbrki

xge`maldle+% Xlbrki xge`maldle igcwfkle lile bgrimmrfkel~k

fge`le xgcl~mi vgd fle fk~vrkbwvmr wevwi cge`lvl~k xge`lfwle

xgale``le vgr~gbwv% Bgevwi xgal{lele xge`lfwle xgale``le kek

fkdlrlxile lile agbkd gjgivkj ilrgel kejmrcl~k bgevwi xge`lfwle

xgale``le ale`~we` ~lcxlk ig bl`lkle xgrw~ldlle {le` ~g~wlk!

~gdke``l xge`lfwle vgr~gbwv flxlv fk~gag~lkile fge`le vgxlv fle

cgcwl~ile xgale``le%

Zlrklbga cgegvlxile jlivmr iwenk vgrdlflx igxwl~le

xgale``le $t 0+ cgckakik ekalk 3


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xge lalcle ilr{lple ~grvl igcwfldle fle ige{lclele% XVXEZKKK @wewe` Cl~ ~galcl kek ~galaw flxlv cgcgewdk igbwvwdle

xgale``lee{l fge`le cgcwl~ile% Dla kek fkilrgelile flalc

~vrlvg`k dwbwe`le fge`le xgale``lee{l! xgrw~ldlle vgragbkd fldwaw

cgegvlxile jlivmr#jlivmr iwenk lxl {le` lile cgcxge`lrwdk

igxwl~le xgale``le% Iwlakvl~ xrmfwi! dlr`l {le` bgr~lke`!

igdleflale fle igvgxlvle xge`krkcle! olckele xrmfwi! xgal{lele

xge`lfwle xgale``le! xrmjg~kmelak~cg fk~vrkbwvmr flalc

cge`levlrile xg~lele xgale``le! ~grvl igcwfldle fle

ige{lclele flalc xgcg~lele fle xgegrkclle xg~lele lflald

iwenk xgrw~ldlle ~galaw flxlv cgcgewdk igbwvwdle xgale``lee{l

fge`le cgcwl~ile%

Zlrklbga jagi~kbkakvl~ xgrw~ldlle vgrdlflx xgrwbldle

igbwvwdle xgale``le $t : + cgckakik ekalk 3


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fk~vrkbwvmr xgrw~ldlle ~gefkrk wevwi xgale le amila flecge``welile xgrw~ldlle ol~l fk~vrkbwvmr kefgxgefge wevwi

cgcgewdk igbwvwdle xgale``le awlr eg`grk

6%7%2% Xge`lrwd ^vrlvg`k CRX vgrdlflx ikegrol Xgrw~ldlle

Xge`lrwd ~vrlvg`k CRX vgrdlflx ikegrol xgrw~ldlle flxlv

fkakdlv xlfl @lcblr 2


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rlevlk xl mile {le mxvkcla cgcbwlv xgrw ldlle flxlv cge{gfklilefle cge{lawrile xrmfwie{l ~g~wlk fge`le dlrlxle! igke`kele! fle

igbwvwdle xgale``le% Vgrxgewdke{l igbwvwdle xgale``le ~g~wlk

fge`le {le` fkbwvwdile fle fkke`keile lile cgeke`ilvile

igxwl~le xgale``le ~gdke``l cgeke`ilvile igwe``wale bgr~lke` %

Zlrklbga kefkilvmr ^vrlvg`k CRX fle ikegrol xgrw~ldlle lile

fkogal~ile ~gbl`lk bgrkiwv ?

l% ^vrlvg`k CRX $


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fk~vrkbwvmr xgrw~ldlle% Xgrgenlelle xgcl~lrle {le` cgakblvile

~gvklx le``mvl rlevlk xl~mile xgrw~ldlle lile cge{gblbile

~gvklx le``mvl cge`gvldwk ~klxl xl~lr {le` cgeolfk ~l~lrle

xgrw~ldlle! bgrlxl awl~ xle`~l xl~lr flrk xl~lr ~l~lrle

xgrw~ldlle! ~grvl xgrlclale xgrckevlle blki flalc dla owcald

xgrckevlle fle plivw {le` bwvwdile wevwi cgele`lek

xgrckevlle vgr~gbwv% Xgrgenlelle xgcl~lrle {le` cgakblvile

~gvklx le``mvl rlevlk xl~mile lile cgcbwlv xgcl~mi vgd

cge`gvldwk bgrlxl owcald fle ilxle xwnwi vgd dlrw~ fk~gfklile

wevwi cgcgewdk igbwvwdle xrmfwi~k% Xlbrki cge`gvldwk bgrlxl

owcald xrmfwi {le` dlrw~ fkxrmfwi~k wevwi cgcgewdk xg~lele

xgale``le fge`le vgxlv plivw! fle fk~vrkbwvmr xgrw~ldlle

cge`gvldwk bgrlxl! ilxle! fle igclel xrmfwi vgr~gbwv dlrw~

fklevlrile% Magd ilrgel kvw! xgrgenlelle xgcl~lrle {le`

cgakblvile ~gvklx le``mvl rlevlk xl~mile ~le`lv xgevke` wevwi

~vrlvg`k clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile xgrw~ldlle%

Zlrklbga cgegvlxile jrgiwge~k imevli {le` vke``k levlr

le``mvl rlevlk xl~mile $[ 6+ cgegcxlvk wrwvle ig fwl flalc

cgcxge`lrwdk ~vrlvg`k CRX xgrw~ldlle% Zlrklbga kefkilvmr kek

cgckakik ekalk 3


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ilevmr xw~lv clwxwe ig ilevmr xgcl~lrle bgr~lcl fk Olilrvl%

Jrgiwge~k imevli levlr le``mvl rlevlk xl~mile ~gdlrw~e{l agbkd

fkvke`ilvile ~gdke``l kejmrcl~k! imcwekil~k! fle immrfkel~k lile

agbkd blki% Jrgiwge~k imevli {le` vke``k cwalk flrk xgcl~mi vgd!

xlbrki xge`maldle! fk~vrkbwvmr xgrw~ldlle! xgrw~ldlle ol~l

fk~vrkbwvmr kefgxgefge! fle xgale``le lile cgcbwlv rlevlk

xl~mile xgrw~ldlle bgrolale fge`le agbkd gjgivkj fle gjk~kge%

Zlrklbga cge`wrle`k plivw rlevlk xl~mile $[ 2+ cgegcxlvk

wrwvle ig vk`l flalc xge`lrwde{l vgrdlflx ~vrlvg`k CRX

xgrw~ldlle fge`le 3+ cgegcxlvk wrwvle ig gcxlv flalc

cgcxge`lrwdk ~vrlvg`k CRX xgrw~ldlle fge`le 3


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dlrw~ xgrnl{l bldpl xlbrki xge`maldle lile cge{gag~lkile

xrmfwi~k ~gnlrl vgxlv plivw ~gdke``l fk~vrkbwvmr xgrw~ldlle flxlv

cge`levlrile xg~lele xgale``le vgxlv plivw! blki wevwi

xgale``le amila clwxwe ig xgrw~ldlle ol~l fk~vrkbwvmr kefgxgefge

wevwi igcwfkle fk~lcxlkile ig xgale``le awlr eg`grk%

Zlrklbga cgeke`ilvile kevg`rl~k levlr livkzkvl~ rlevlk

xl~mile $[


95/130

bgriwlakvl~% Xge`lpl~le iwlakvl~ fkaliwile fk ~gvklx xrm~g~

xge`maldle cwalk flrk xgegrkclle xwnwi vgd! xgcbgbgrle fle

xgal{wle! xge``kake`le fle jgrcgevl~k! xge`grke`le! ~mrvl~k fle

xge`gxlile% ^galke kvw! xge`lpl~le iwlakvl~ xrmfwi ow`l


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xge gxlile% ^galke kvw! xge lpl~le iwlakvl~ xrmfwi ow l

fkaliwile magd ilevmr xw~lv% Xrmfwi ~gvklx dl~ka xrmfwi~k fkblpl

ig ilevmr xw~lv ~gvklx dlrk ^geke fle Ilck~% Dla kek fkcli~wfile

l`lr iwlakvl~ xrmfwi {le` fkdl~kaile ~g~wlk fge`le ~vleflr iwlakvl~

xgrw~ldlle fle ~vleflr kevgrel~kmela% Magd ilrgel kvw! clelogcge

rlevlk xl~mile xgrw~ldlle {le` gjgivkj fle gjk~kge lile

cgcxge`lrwdk ikegrol xgrw~ldlle flalc dla iwlakvl~ xrmfwi {le`

fkdl~kaile%

Clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile {le` gjgivkj fle gjk~kge

cgcxge`lrwdk ikegrol xgrw~ldlle flalc dla xle`~l xl~lr $[ 0+

fge`le 3


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owcald xl mile fle grlxle xl lr% Ikegrol xgrw ldlle {le blki

lile cge`dl~kaile xrmfwi {le` agbkd ble{li fle bkl{l xrmfwi~k

{le` agbkd cwrld% Lile vgvlxk! xrmfwi {le` ble{li lile

cge{gblbile xgelplrle ~gclike ble{li! {le` lxlbkal vkfli

fkkiwvk xgekeìlvle ~grlxle xl~lr $xgrckevlle+ lile cge{gblbile

dlr`l vwrwe ~gdke``l igwevwe`le xgrw~ldlle lile vgvlx%

6%:% ^maw~k fge`le Xgefgilvle CRX

Cgewrwv Cgev gr $2886+ xgegrlxle CRX xgraw cgcxgrdlvkile

bgbgrlxl dla! levlrl alke? akeìwe`le CRX ~gnlrl àmbla! igawlrle {le`

fkdl~kaile CRX! xgcl~lrle! xgeowlale! xgegakvkle fle xge`gcble`le!

xgrlclale! xrmfwi~k! xgcbgakle! am`k~vki! ~k~vgc kejmrcl~k! igwle`le!

xgal{lele xgale``le! immrfkel~k levlr jwe`~k! immrfkel~k levlr xgrw~ldlle!

fle xgekalkle ikegrol CRX%

Bgbgrlxl ~maw~k {le` flxlv fkbgrkile wevwi xgegrlxle CRX fk XVXE

ZKKK @wewe` Cl~ bgrfl~lrile ekalk amlfke` jlnvmr vgrvke``k flrk ~gvklx

zlrklbga alvge levlrl alke?

l% Cgekeìlvile immrfkel~k levlr le``mvl rlevlk xl~mile wevwi cge`lvl~k xgrckevlle flrwrlv

Xgrw~ldlle xgraw cgekeìlvile immrfkel~k levlr le``mvl rlevlk

xl~mile wevwi cge`lvl~k lfle{l xgrckevlle xrmfwi flrwrlv flrk xw~lv

wevwi cgcgewdk xg~lele xgale``le% ^k~vgc kejmrcl~k fle imcwekil~k

~le`lv xgevke` l`lr immrfkel~k le``mvl rlevlk xl~mile bgrolale blki%

Immrfkel~k fkaliwile fge`le cgeìmmrfkel~kile vw`l~ fk ~gvklx le``mvl

rlevlk xl~mile cwalk flrk xgcl~mi vgd! xlbrki xge`maldle! fle


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f% Cgeke`ilvile igxwl~le xgale``le

Igbgrale`~we`le ~wlvw xgrw~ldlle vgr`levwe` xlfl am{lakvl~

xgale``le vgrdlflx xgrw~ldlle% Am{lakvl~ xgale``le vgrbgevwi fkil g lil g l ``l g l l l g dlfl f i fl g l{l l


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fkilrgelile xgale le cgrl~l xwl~ vgrdlflx xrmfwi fle xgal{lele

xgrw~ldlle% Xgrw~ldlle dlrw~ cgcxgrvldleile fle cgekeìlvile

vkeìlv igxwl~le xgale``lee{l! levlrl alke fge`le cgekeìlvile

iwlakvl~ xrmfwi vgd {le` fkdl~kaile! cgelcbld zlrkl~k xrmfwi! dlr`l

xrmfwi vgd {le` ~gclike bgr~lke`! fklevlrile igxlfl xgale``le vgxlv

plivw! cgekeìlvile ige{lclele xgale``le blki flalc xrm~g~

xgcg~lele fle cgekeìlvile igrlcldle flalc xgal{lele% Iwlakvl~

xrmfwi flxlv fkvkeìlvile cgalawk xgekeìlvle iwlakvl~ xwnwi vgd fle

xrm~g~ xge`maldle ~gxgrvk cge``welile cg~ke {le` vgrblrw% Xrmfwi

{le` ~gclike bgrzlrkl~k lile cgcbwlv xgale``le ~gclike vgrvlrki!

~gxgrvk cge`dl~kaile vgd dkolw fle vgd mr`leki% Xrm~g~ xgcg~lele xgale``le ~gclike fkvkeìlvile ige{lclele fle igcwfldlee{l!

ck~lae{l cge`gcbleìle xrm~g~ xgcg~lele cgalawk kevgregv% Xgal{lele

igxlfl xgale``le flxlv fkvkeìlvile cgalawk xgelcbldle lalv

vrle~xmrvl~k fle xrm~g~ xge`lfwle xgale``le {le` fkvle`lek agbkd ngxlv%

Xgale``le {le` cgrl~l fkxgrdlvkile ~g`lal igbwvwdlee{l lile cgrl~l

xwl~ fle xlfl lidkre{l cgekeìlvile am{lakvl~ xgale``le vgrdlflx

xgrw~ldlle%

IG^KCXWALE FLE ^LRLE


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Bgrfl~lrile dl~ka xgegakvkle flxlv fk~kcxwaile bgbgrlxl dla ~gbl`lk

bgrkiwv ?


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bl k xgale le

2% ^lrle

Bgrfl~lrile dl~ka xgegakvkle fle ig~kcxwale! clil flxlv fklowile

bgbgrlxl ~lrle ~gbl`lk bgrkiwv ?

% Xgrw~ldlle ~gblkie{l cgakblvile ~gcwl le``mvl rlevlk xl~mile flalc

xgrgenlelle xgcl~lrle% Lile vgvlxk! xgcl~lrle ~gblkie{l vgvlx

fkxw~lvile fk xgrw~ldlle xw~lv ilrgel lile cgcbwlv xgrw~ldlle agbkd

bgr~lke` fle cgckakik xle`~l xl~lr {le` agbkd awl~%

6% Xgrw~ldlle ~gblkie{l ~le`lv cgcxgrdlvkile xgal{lele igxlfl

xgale``le! cgakxwvk xgal{lele xrl xgcbgakle $imcwekil~k fle

kejmrcl~k xrmfwi ~gxgrvk dlr`l fle zlrkl~k xrmfwi+! xgcbgakle

$xgal{lele levlr xrmfwi+! fle xl~nl xgcbgakle $xgele`lele

xge`lfwle xgale``le fge`le blki fle ngxlv+%

7% Xgraw fkaliwile xgegakvkle ~galeowve{l cge`gelk xge`lrwd CRXvgrdlflx ikegrol xgrw~ldlle fge`le cge``welile cgvmfg cmfga

fkelck~! {lkvw cgvmfg ~kcwal~k%

FLJVLR XW^VLIL

Lr{ ~wvl! K Xwvw @gfg% 2887% Ikegrol Xl~lr Xgrw~ldlle Xwbaki fkKefmeg~kl% [l{l~le ^lf ^lvrkl Blivk! Olilrvl%


102/130

Blfle Xw~lv ^vlvk~vki%


103/130

Rkvme`l! Mr{ l ^% 2887% Lelak~k~ Xgcl~lrle Imcmfkvl~ Igevle` fge`leXgefgilvle ^wxxa{ Ndlke Clel`gcgev $^NC+ Fk Imvl ^gclrle`

xrmzke~k olpl Vge`ld% ^irkx~k xlfl Jliwavl~ Xgrvlekle! Ke~vkvwvXgrvlekle! Bm`mr%

Rw~~gaa! R%^% fle B% P% Vl{amr% 288>% Mxgrlvkme Clel`gcgev% Xrgevkng

Dlaa! Egp Ogr~g{%

^kl`kle! [%C% 2887% Lxakil~k ^wxxa{ Ndlke Clel`gcgev flalc FweklW~ldl% @rl~kefm! Olilrvl%

^kckndk#Agzk gv la% 2888% Fg~k`eke` lef Clel`ke` Vdg ^wxxa{ Ndlke$Nmengxv~! ^vrlvg`k~! lef Nl~g ^vwfkg~+% Kevgrelvkmela Gfkvkme% Cn%@rlp#Dkaa! ^ke`lxmrg%

^w`w{lr~m! @ fle J% Pkelrek% 2887%Clelogcge Igwle`le $XgcldlcleAlxmrle Igwle`le! Xge`gamalle Livkzl! Igplokble fle Cmfla!~grvl Xge`wiwrle Ikegrol Xgrw~ldlle+% Cgfkl Xrg~~kefm![m`{lilrvl%

^wclrple! Wole`% 2882% Xgrkaliw Ime~wcge Vgmrk fle Vgrlxle flalcXgcl~lrle% @dlakl Kefmeg~kl! Bm`mr%

Vkc Fm~ge ^vlvk~vkil KXB% 2880% ^vrwnvwrla G|wlvkme Cmfgake` fge`leAK^RGA% Fgxlrvgcge ^vlvk~vkil! Jliwavl~ CKXL! Ke~vkvwv XgrvlekleBm`mr! Bm`mr%

Pke~gr! Omga F% 288>% L ^vrwnvwrla G|wlvkme mj ^NC ^vrlvg`kg~ lef JkrcXgrjmrcleng% Nmwenka mj Am`k~vkn~ Clel`gcgev%dvvx?--jkeflrvknag~%nmc-x-lrvknag~%ck]|l0>87-k~288>8


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LELAK^K^ XGE@LRWD RLEVLK XL^MILE VGRDLFLX

IKEGROL FK XVXE ZKKK @WEWE@ CL^! BM@MR%

Fk~w~we Magd ?

KRCLPLVK

D268:>

Blxli-kbw-~fr {le` vgrdmrclv

Xlfl ~llv kek ~l{l ~gfle` cgaliwile xgegakvkle {le` bgrowfwa Lelak~k~ Xge`lrwd Rlevlk Xl~mile vgrdlflx Ikegrol Xgrw~ldlle % Xgegakvkle kek fkaliwile flalc rle`il vw`l~ lidkr fkFgxlrvgcge Clelogcge! Jliwavl~ Gimemck fle Clelogcge! KXB! Bm`mr%

^l{l cmdme igrol ~lcl flrk Blxli-Kbw-^fr cge`k~k iwg~kmegr kek wevwi cgcblevw xrm~g~ xge`lcbkale flvl xgegakvkle {le` ~gfle` fkaliwile% Iwg~kmegr kek lflald iwg~kmegr vldlx xgrvlcl{le` fk~w~we wevwi cge`kfgevkjkil~k ~k~vgc rlevlk xl~mile fk XV% Xgrigbwele Ew~levlrl ZKKK


105/130

{ e w we wevw cge gev j vgc ev e V% g gbwe e w ev@wewe` Cl~! Bm`mr% Clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile lflald xge`gamalle ig`klvle#ig`klvle flalcrle`il cgcxgrmagd bldle cgevld cgeolfk blrle` ~gvge`ld olfk fle blrle` olfk igcwfklecge`krkcile xrmfwi vgr~gbwv ig xgale``le cgalawk ~k~vgc fk~vrkbw~k% ^l{l ~le`lv cge`dlrlxile

blxli-kbw flxlv cgcbgrkile kejmrcl~k {le` liwrlv fle owowr ~gdke``l kejmrcl~k {le` fk~lokileflxlv fkxgrvle``we`olplbile% ^l{l cgeolcke igrldl~klle kfgevkvl~ blxli-kbw-~fr fle olplble{le` fkbgrkile%

Lvl~ xgrdlvkle fle igrol~lcl {le` blki flrk blxli-kbw! ~l{l wnlxile vgrkcl il~kd%

Bm`mr! Jgbrwlrk 2880

Krclplvk - D268:>$Cldl~k~pl Fgxlrvgcge Clelogcge! Jliwavl~ Gimemck fle Clelogcge! Ke~vkvwv XgrvlekleBm`mr! Bm`mr+

L% @lcblrle Wcwc Xgrw~ldlle% Ogek~ vgd lxl {le` ~lwflrl dl~kaile =l% Vgd dkvlc

b% Vgd dkolwn% Alkee{l! ~gbwvile%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

B% Xgcl~mi $xgcl~mi vgd+


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l% Igvgr~gfklle bldle bliw xwnwi vgd {le vkfli ime~k~vge b% Cwvw bldle bliw xwnwi vgd vkfli ~g~wlk {le` fkdlrlxilen% Iwrle`e{l xg`lplk xgcgvki xwnwi vgdf% Iwrle`e{l kejmrcl~kg% Igvgrblvl~le ~lrlel jk~ki j% Alkee{l! ~gbwvile%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

4% Lxl w~ldl ~lwflrl wevwi cge`lvl~k xgrcl~laldle flalc xge{gfklle bldle bliwvgr~gbwv=%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

N% Xgr~gfklle% Lxl bgevwi xgr~gfklle {le` ~galcl kek fkaliwile xgrw~ldlle=

l% ^vmi Xrmfwi $xgr~gfklle flalc owcald bg~lr+ b% Ow~v Ke Vkcg$xgr~gfklle ~g~wlk fge`le owcald xgrckevlle xgale``le+ n% Alkee{l%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

6% Bgrlxl bkl{l xgr~gfklle {le` fkigawlrile vklx bwale= Em Bkl{l#bkl{l xgr~gfklle Ogek~ bkl{l Bg~lre{l bkl{l% Bkl{l xge{klxle6% Bkl{l igdlbk~le bldle

7% Bl`lkclel xrm~g~ xgegrkclle bldle bliw=l% Bldle bliw fkvgrkcl fk xlbrki

b% Bldle bliw fklcbka flrk vgcxlv xgcl~mi $igbwe+n% Alkee{l!~gbwvile%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

:% Alcle{l fl{l vldle xge{kcxlele=%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%dlrk-cke``w-bwale0% Jlivmr#jlivmr {le` cgcxge`lrwdk xge{kcxlele bldle bliw $olplble bmagd agbkd flrk

~lvw+ ?l% @wfle`

b% Xgcl~mi $igbwe+n% ^wdw wflrlf% Alkee{l! ~gbwvile%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%


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Ogek~ xrmfwi Owcald xrmfwi~k

2% Bgrlxl owcald rlvl#rlvl xgrckevlle vgd xgr bwale=

Ogek~ xrmfwi Owcald xgrckevlle

>% Bl`lkclel xrm~g~ xgegevwle igbkolile xrmfwi~k=l% Fkvgevwile magd clelogcge xgrw~ldlle bgrfl~lrile xgrckevlle

b% Ig~gxlilvle levlrl clelogcge xgrw~ldlle fle xlrl xgigroln% Alkee{l! ~gbwvile%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

6% Bl`lkclel wrwvle xrm~g~ xrmfwi~k fle alcl plivw xrmfwi~k rlvl#rlvl {le` fkbwvwdilewevwi cge`dl~kaile xrmfwi=

Ogek~ xrmfwi Wrwvle xrm~g~ Plivw xrmfwi~k

7% Flalc xrm~g~ xrmfwi~k lxlild xgrw~ldlle ~lwflrl cge``welile bldle bliw xgemame`$~galke xwnwi vgd+=%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

:% Jlivmr#jlivmr {le` cgcxge`lrwdk igvgralcblvle plivw xrmfwi~k=l% Igvgralcblvle bldle bliw

b% Xge``welle lalv lvlw cg~ke xrmfwi~kn% Igvgralcblvle xgigrolf% Alkee{l! ~gbwvile%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

0% Lxl w~ldl {le` fkaliwile wevwi cge`lvl~k igvgralcblvle flalc xrmfwi~k=%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

4% Flrk ~g`k cwvw lxlild xrmfwi {le` fkdl~kaile ~wfld cgcgewdk igke`kele xgale``le=l% [l

b% Vkfli!flrk ~g`k%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%W~ldl {le` fkaliwile wevwi cge`lvl~ke{l%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

;% Xge`lpl~le cwvw vgrdlflx xrm~g~ xrmfwi~k vgd?l% Cge`mevrma ~gnlrl ale`~we`

b% Lfl bl`kle xge`lpl~ cwvw {le` cge`mevrmae{ln% Alkee{l! ~gbwvile%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%


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n% Cge welile xgrw ldlle ol l fk vrkbwvmr kefgxgefgef% Alkee{l! ~gbwvile%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

2% Okil cge``welile fk~vrkbwvmr kefgxgefge! ogek~ fk~vrkbwvmr {le` fk`welile=l% Fk~vrkbwvmr bg~lr $`rm~kr+

b% L`gen% Rgvlkagr- xgfl`le` gngrlef% Alkee{l! ~gbwvile%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

>% Bgrlxl owcald xrmfwi vgd {le` fkfk~vrkbw~kile ~gvklx ilak xge`krkcle=Ogek~ fk~vrkbwvmr Ogek~ vgd Owcald $~lvwle+ Jrgiwge~k

xge`krkcle $ilak+

6% Okil cge``welile fk~vrkbwvmr kefgxgefge wevwi cge{lawrile xrmfwi! bgevwi igrol~lcllxl {le` fkaliwile levlrl xgrw~ldlle fge`le fk~vrkbwvmr=

l% ^k~vgc imevrli $~wfld lfl xgroleokle+ b% Fkxg~le vlexl lfl xgroleokle ~gnlrl ale`~we`

7% Ogek~ vgd {le` xlake` ble{li fkxg~le magd xgale``le=

l%

Vgd dkolw b% Vgd dkvlcn% Alkee{l%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

:% Xgrcl~laldle {le` fkdlflxk flalc ig`klvle fk~vrkbw~kl% Igvgralcblvle flalc xgefk~vrkbw~kle

b% Igrw~lile xlfl xrmfwi {le` fkffk~vrkbw~kilen% Alkee{l%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

J% Xgale``le% Ogek~ xgale``le lxl {le` fk al{lek=l% Xgale``le lidkr $xge``wel ale`~we`+! ~gbwvile%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

b% Xgale``le Kefw~vrk $xgrw~ldlle+! ~gbwvile%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

n% Alkee{l%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%6% Flgrld clel {le` cgckakik xle`~l xl~lr vgrbg~lr=l% Olpl Blrlv%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%$~gbwvile!%%%%%%'+

b% Awlr Olpl Blrlv%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%$~gbwvile!%%%%%%'+n% Awlr Eg`grk%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%$~gbwvile!%%%%%'+

n% Xlcgrle#xlcgrle xrmfwi xgrigbwelef% Alkee{l%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

0% Lxlild xgrw~ldlle ~lwflrl ~grke` cgaliwile xlcgrle=l% Vkfli

b% [l% $aleowvile ig em%0+4% Fkclel ~lol=

l% Flalc eg`grk b% Awlr eg`grk


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g gn% Flalc eg`grk$%%%%%%%%%'+ fle awlr eg`grk$%%%%%%%%%'+

;% Xgrcl~laldle lxl {le` ~grke` fkdlflxk flalc cge`dlflxk xgale``le=l% Xgrckevlle vgd flrk xgale``le {le` vkfli flxlv vgrxgewdk

b% Cwvw vgd vkfli ~g~wlk fge`le igke`kele xgale``len% Xgal{lele {le` iwrle` cgcwl~ilef% Alkee{l%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

@% ^wcbgr Fl{l Clew~kl% ^k~vgc xgrgirwvle ilr{lple {le` fkaliwile?l% Cgalawk xge`wcwcle

b% Kiale fk cgfkl cl~~ln% ^gnlrl ak~le cgalawk mrle` alkef% Alkee{l%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

6% @lok {le` fkbgrkile igxlfl xgigrol ? Rx%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%-dlrk-cke``w-bwale7% Jl~kakvl~ lxl ~lol {le` fkbgrkile igxlfl xgigrol ~galke

`lok=%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%:% Xgrcl~laldle lxl {le` ~grke` fkdlflxk flalc vgel`l igrol=

l%

^wakve{l cgcxgrmagd vgel`l igrol b% Igvgrlcxkale lvlw igldakle vgel`l igrol bgawc cgclflkn% Fk~kxake igrol iwrle`f% Alkee{l%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

0% W~ldl lxl {le` fkaliwile wevwi cge`lvl~k xgrcl~laldlevgr~gbwv=%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

Alcxkrle 2% Iwg~kmegr wevwi cgekalk xge`lrwd rlevlk xl~mile vgrdlflxikegrol xgrw~ldlle

IWG^KMEGR LELAK^K^ XGE@LRWD RLEVLK XL^MILE


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VGRDLFLX IKEGROL

FK XVXE ZKKK @WEWE@ CL^! BM@MR%

Fk~w~we Magd ?

KRCLPLVK

D268:>

Blxli-kbw-~fr {le` vgrdmrclv

Xlfl ~llv kek ~l{l ~gfle` cgaliwile xgegakvkle {le` bgrowfwa Lelak~k~ Xge`lrwd Rlevlk Xl~mile vgrdlflx Ikegrol Xgrw~ldlle % Xgegakvkle kek fkaliwile flalc rle`il vw`l~ lidkr fkFgxlrvgcge Clelogcge! Jliwavl~ Gimemck fle Clelogcge! KXB! Bm`mr%

^l{l cmdme igrol ~lcl flrk Blxli-Kbw-^fr cge`k~k iwg~kmegr kek wevwi cgcblevw xrm~g~ xge`lcbkale flvl xgegakvkle {le` ~gfle` fkaliwile% Clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile lflald xge`gamalle ig`klvle#ig`klvle flalc rle`il cgcxgrmagd bldle cgevld cgeolfk blrle` ~gvge`ld


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olfk fle blrle` olfk igcwfkle cge`krkcile xrmfwi vgr~gbwv ig xgale``le cgalawk ~k~vgcfk~vrkbw~k% ^l{l ~le`lv cge`dlrlxile blxli-kbw flxlv cgcbgrkile kejmrcl~k {le` liwrlv fle

owowr ~gdke``l kejmrcl~k {le` fk~lokile flxlv fkxgrvle``we`olplbile% ^l{l cgeolckeigrldl~klle kfgevkvl~ blxli-kbw-~fr fle olplble {le` fkbgrkile%

Lvl~ xgrdlvkle fle igrol~lcl {le` blki flrk blxli-kbw! ~l{l wnlxile vgrkcl il~kd%

Bm`mr! Jgbrwlrk 2880

Krclplvk - D268:>$Cldl~k~pl Fgxlrvgcge Clelogcge! Jliwavl~ Gimemck fle Clelogcge! Ke~vkvwv XgrvlekleBm`mr! Bm`mr+

Iwg~kmegr kek vgrfkrk flrk gcxlv bl`kle {lkvw bl`kle L! B! N! fle F% Bgrkile vlefl ~kale` $T+ xlfl xkakdle {le` vgxlv cgewrwv blxli-kbw-~fr% Olplble fk~g~wlkile fge`le imefk~k xgrw~ldlle ~llvkek% Xgekalkle dwbwe`le fkfl~lrile lvl~ xgre{lvlle {le` vgr~gfkl fk flalc vlbga! lxlild

blxli-kbw-~lwflrl cgrl~l ?

KFGEVKVL^ RG^XMEFGE Elcl ?Olblvle ?Fkzk~k-bl`kle ?W~kl ? 28#>8vldwe > Alkee{l! ~gbwvile%%%%%%%

Cl~l Igrol ? 1 < vldwe


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flrk igbwe>% Dlr`l bldle bliw $xwnwi vgd+ bgr~lke`

$dlr`le{l ~lcl lvlw agbkd cwrld fge`le xgrw~ldlle xg~lke`+

6% Owcald bldle bliw xwnwi vgdcgcxge`lrwdk igclcxwle xgrw~ldllecgcgewdk xg~lele xgale``le ~gnlrl vgxlvplivw

7% Iwlakvl~ bldle bliw xwnwi vgdcgcxge`lrwdk igxwl~le xgale``le

:% Lalv vrle~xmrvl~k bgrxgrle xgevke` vgrdlflxigvgxlvle xge`krkcle xwnwi vgd flrk igbweig xlbrki

0% Lalv vrle~xmrvl~k {le` fkckakik xgrw~ldllevgald nwiwx cgclflk

4% Igvgxlvle xge`krkcle xwnwi vgd flrk igbwe

ig xlbrki cgcxge`lrwdk xgr~gfklle;% Igvgxlvle xge`krkcle bldle bliw flrk xgcl~mi vgd cgcxge`lrwdk igvgxlvle xgrw~ldlle flalc cgcgewdk xg~lele xgale``le


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Em Xgrvle{lle ^^ ^ V^ ^V^28% Jrgiwge~k imevli {le` vke``k levlr le``mvl

clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile cgcxge`lrwdkvke`ilv igwevwe`le xgrw~ldlle

2


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clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile cgcxge lrwdkigxwl~le xgale``le

2>% ^k~vgc imcwekil~k fle kejmrcl~k bgrxge`lrwd vgrdlflx ikegrol clelogcgerlevlk xl~mile

26% ^k~vgc imcwekil~k fle kejmrcl~k flalcclelogcge rlevlk xl~mile xgrw~ldlle~wfld blki fle vgxlv

27% ^k~vgc imcwekil~k fle kejmrcl~k flalccleogcge rlevlk xl~mile xgrw~ldlle xgrawfkxgrblkik fle fkvkeìlvile

2:% ^k~vgc kejmrcl~k fle imcwekil~k {le` vgxlvflalc cleogcge rlevlk xl~mile

bgrxge`lrwd vgrdlflx xle`~l xl~lr xgrw~ldlle

20% Jrgiwge~k imevli {le` vke``k levlr le``mvl

clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile cgcxge`lrwdkigxwl~le xgale``le24% Xgrgenlelle xgcl~lrle xrmfwi flalc

xgrw~ldlle dle{l fkaliwile magd bl`kle xgcl~lrle

2;% Xgrgenlelle xgcl~lrle fge`le cgakblvile~gcwl livkzkvl~ clelogcge rlevlk xl~milelile cgekeìlvile ikegrol xgcl~lrle

xgrw~ldlle>8% Xgrgenlelle xgcl~lrle fge`le cgakblvile

~gcwl livkzkvl~ clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile bgrxge`lrwd vgrdlflx xle`~l xl~lr flevkeìlv igwevwe`le xgrw~ldlle

F% IKEGROL XGRW^LDLLE

Em Xgre{lvlle ^^ ^ V^ ^V^% ^k~vgc cleogcge rlevlk xl~mile xgrw~ldlle bgrxge`lrwd vgrdlflx bg~lre{l

l ` l l l ldll

Em Xgrvle{lle ^^ ^ V^ ^V^0% Vkeìlv igwevwe`le xgrw~ldlle {le`

vke``k cgeweowiile ikegrol xgrw~ldlle{le` blki

4% ^k~vgc clelogcge rlevlk xl~mile bgrxge`lrwd vgrdlflx fl{l ~lke` xgrw~ldlle

;% Ikegrol xgrw~ldlle {le` blki lilecgekeìlvile fl{l ~lke` xgrw~ldllee


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cgeke ilvile fl{l lke xgrw ldllee < ZLAKF


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L2 8%78: 8%>:< ZLAKF N4 8%:2< 8%>:< ZLAKF

L> 8%02; 8%>:< ZLAKF N; 8%06: 8%>:< ZLAKF

L6 8%6;; 8%>:< ZLAKF N:< ZLAKF

L7 8%7:: 8%>:< ZLAKF N:< ZLAKF

L: 8%0>> 8%>:< ZLAKF N:< ZLAKF

L0 8%74: 8%>:< ZLAKF N 8%:78 8%>:< ZLAKF

L4 8%084 8%>:< ZLAKF N4 8%>:< ZLAKF

L; 8%:72 8%>:< ZLAKF N:< ZLAKF

L:< ZLAKF N7 8%>:< ZLAKF

L< 8%>:< ZLAKF N:< ZLAKF

L:< ZLAKF N:< ZLAKF

L 8%002 8%>:< ZLAKF N:< ZLAKF

L:< ZLAKF N2< 8%0:< ZLAKF

L:< ZLAKF N22 8%00: 8%>:< ZLAKF

B< 8%747 8%>:< ZLAKF N2> 8%0:> 8%>:< ZLAKF

B2 8%0:6 8%>:< ZLAKF N26 8%722 8%>:< ZLAKF

B> 8%060 8%>:< ZLAKF N27 8%74: 8%>:< ZLAKF


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Alcxkrle 6% Dl~ka Xgrdkvwe`le Zlrkleng Gtvrlnvgf fle Nme~vrwnv Rgaklbkakv{Cmfga G~vkcl~k AK^RGA 4%02 fge`le Kefkilvmr Xgcblefke`

Zlrklbga Alvge Nme~vrwnv Rgaklbkakv{ Zlrkleng Gtvrlnvgf

Xgcl~mi 8!;6 8!48

Xgale``le 8!44 8!::


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CRX 8!;2 8!::

Ikegrol Xgrw~ldlle 8!;8 8!:0

Xgrdkvwe`le Zlrkleng Gtvrlnvgf fle Nme~vrwnv Rgaklbkakv{ xlfl cmfga

g~vkcl~k AK^RGA 4%02 fge`le kefkilvmr xgcblefke` fkaliwile fge`le

xgrdkvwe`le ~gxgrvk fkblpld kek ~gbl`lk nmevmd%

Zlrkleng Gtvrlnvgf fle Nme~vrwnv Rgaklbkakv{ Ikegrol Xgrw~ldlle

$ ^vleflrk gf Amlfke`+ 3 $< ) 8!46 ) 8!47 ) >!28$ ^vleflrk gf Amlfke` + 3 $ Cgl~wrgcgev grrmr 3 8!48 ) 8!4: ) 8!47 ) 8!7; ) 8!66 3 >!76

Nme~vrwnv Rgaklbkakv{ 3 >>!28 3 8!;8

>>!28 ) >!76

Zlrkleng Gtvrlnvgf 3 0!28 3 8!:0

0!28 ) >!76

Alcxkrle 7% ^{evlt Cmfga Xge`lrwd ClelogcgeRlevlk xl~mile VgrdlflxIkegrol Xgrw~ldlle

FLVG? >- 2


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B[

Ilr a @% Or g~im` * Fl` ^r bmc

Vdk ~ xr m`r lc k ~ xwba k ~ dgf gt na w~ k z ga { b{^n k gev k j k n mj v plr g K ev gr elv k mela ! K en %0>4> E% Ak enma e Lzgewg! ^wk v g {< 2 8% >8 8% 6: < 0 8% 28 8%


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{; 8% 24 8% 8< 8% 8% {8 8% 24 8% >8 8% 24 8% 84 8% >7{7 8% 6> 8% >; 8% >8 8% 8% 2< # 8% 6 8%


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t 7 # #


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t 4 # # % 60$ 8% 26+

:% 2+ $ 8% 2>+8 % ;6 >% ; 4

XGRJMRCL # # # #

Nmzlr k leng Clv r k t mj GVL lef I K

CRX XGRJMRCL XGCL MI XGALE@@L# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #CRX 8% 2>

XGRJMRCL 8%


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CRX XGRJMRCL# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

8 % 0; 8 % 4 8

|wl r g f Cwa v k x a g Nmrr g a l v k me~ j mr Rg fwngf Jmrc

CRX XGRJMRCL# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

8 % 0; 8 % : >

Rgfwngf Jmr c

XGCL MI XGALE@@L# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

CRX 8% >8 8% ;8$ 8% >2+ $ 8% 2>+

8 % ;6 >% ; 4

XGRJMRCL 8% 27 8 % 07$ 8% 2:+ $ 8% 28+

8 % ;6 >% 0 0

VDGVL# GX

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PENGARUH MANAJEMEN RANTAI PASOKAN TERHADAP KINERJA DI PTPN VIII GUNUNG MAS BOGOR

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Transcript of PENGARUH MANAJEMEN RANTAI PASOKAN TERHADAP KINERJA DI PTPN VIII GUNUNG MAS BOGOR