PENGARUH KOMPENSASI TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KARYAWAN PADA PT. BAKRIE TELECOM AREA MAKASSAR

7/31/2019 PENGARUH KOMPENSASI TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KARYAWAN PADA PT. BAKRIE TELECOM AREA MAKASSAR

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ZIBMN_YF LHGZIB[N[E PI_FN@NZ Z_H@YLPEQEPN[

LN_UN]NB ZN@N ZP" ONL_EI PICIKHG N_IN

GNLN[[N_

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Ybpyl Gigibyfe [ncnf [npy Zir{unrnpnb

Mybn Gigzirhcif Micnr

[nrdnbn Ilhbhge

Hcif 4

]NFUYBE NCEGY@@EB

N ?>> :9 :59

DY_Y[NB GNBNDIGIB

ANLYCPN[ ILHBHGE @NB OE[BE[

YBEQI_[EPN[ FN[NBY@@EB

GNLN[[N_

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LN_UN]NB ZN@N ZP" ONL_EI PICIKHG

N_IN GNLN[[N_

@endylnb hcif4

]nfuybe Ncegy`èb

N ? > > : 9 : 5 9

[lrez{e @endylnb [ionmne [ncnf [npy [unrnp Girnef Micnr [nrdnbn Ilhbhge

Dyry{nb Gnbndigib Zn`n Anlycpn{ Ilhbhge `nb Oe{be{

Ybeqir{epn{ Fn{nby`èb

Picnf è{ipydye hcif4

Zigoegoebm E

@r" Gnnp Zhbh# [I"# G"[e

BEZ" >596:=?? >561:> > ::>

Zigoegoebm EE

@rn" Fd" Byr{enf [nccnpy# GN

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LN_UN]NB ZN@N ZP" ONL_EI PICIKHG

N_IN GNLN[[N_

@ezir{enzlnb `nb @e{y{yb Hcif 4

]nfuybe Ncegy``eb

N ? > > : 9 : 5 9

Picnf @ezirpnfnblnb e @iznb @i}nb Zibmyde

Zn`n Pnbmmnc ?? Aiorynre ?:>?

@nb @ebunpnlnb CYCY[

@I]NB ZIBMYDE

Bh Bngn Zibmyde Dnonpnb Pnb`n Pnbmnb

>" @r" Gnnp Zhbh# [I"# G#[e Lipyn >" """"""""""""""""""""""

?" @rn" Fd" Byr{enf [nccnpy# GN [ilripnre{ ?" """""""""""""""""""""

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9" ]nr`fnbe Fnleg# [I"#G"[e Nbmmhpn 9" """""""""""""""""""""

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Lipyn Dyry{nb Gnbndigib

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NO[P_NL

]NFUYBE NCEGY@@EB# Zibmnryf Lhgzib{n{e Pirfn`nz Zrh`ylpeqepn{

Lnrun}nb Zn`n ZP" Onlrei Picikhg Nrin Gnln{{nr" @eoegoebm hcif Gnnp Zhbh

`nb Fd" Byr{enf [nccnpy"

Zibicepenb ebe oirpydynb ybpyl gibmipnfye onmnegnbn zibmnryf zigoirenb

lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc `nb bhb'aebnb{enc pirfn`nz zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb zn`n ZP"

Onlrei Picikhg Nrin Gnln{{nr"

Ghìc Zibicepenb unbm èmybnlnb `ncng zibicepenb ebe unlbe ìbmnb

giphì ho{irqn{e# }n}nbknrn# lye{ehbir# `nb {pyè lizy{pnlnnb unbm ècnlylnb

{iknrn {e{pignpel oir`n{nrlnb pydynb zibicepenb"

[ngzic zn`n zibicepenb ebe n`ncnf ;? hrnbm lnrun}nb ZP" Onlrei Picikhg

ìbmnb gibmmybnlnb giphì {ngzic dibyf" Giphì nbnce{e{ unbm èmybnlnb

unepy yde A &{irigznl%# yde P &znr{enc%# nbnce{e{ lhiae{eib ìpirgebn{e &_?%# `nb

nbnce{e{ rimri{e cebinr oirmnb`n"

@nre fn{ec zibicepenb gibybdyllnb onf}n lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc

gigzybune zibmnryf unbm zh{epea `nb {embeaelnb pirfn`nz zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb

{i`nbmlnb lhgzib{n{e bhb'aebnb{enc gigzybune zibmnryf unbm bimnpea `nb pe`nl

{embeaelnb pirfn`nz zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb" Fnc ebe gibdnèlnb lhgzib{n{e

aebnb{enc giryznlnb qnrenoic unbm zncebm `hgebnb gigzibmnryfe zrh`ylpeqepn{

lnrun}nb zn`n ZP" Onlrei Picikhg Nrin Gnln{{nr"


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NO[P_NKP

]NFUYBE NCEGY@@EB# Iaaikp ha Khgzib{npehb Nmneb{p Igzchuii

Zrh`ykpeqepu Np ZP" Onlrei Picikhg Gnln{{nr Nrin" [yzirqe{i` ou Gnnp Zhbh

nb` Fd" Byr{enf [nccnpy"

Pfe{ {pyù neg{ ph ìpirgebi fh} pfi ebacyibki ha aebnbkenc khgzib{npehb

nb` bhb'aebnbkenc ph pfi zrh`ykpeqepu ha igzchuii{ np ZP" Onlrei Picikhg

Gnln{{nr Nrin"

Pfi ri{inrkf ghìc y{i` eb pfe{ {pyù pfnp pfi gipfh` ha ho{irqnpehb#

ebpirqei}{# ~yi{pehbbneri{# nb` cepirnpyri {pyù knrrei` hyp {u{pignpeknccu ou

hodikpeqi ri{inrkf"

Pfi {ngzci{ eb pfe{ {pyù }iri ;? igzchuii{ ha ZP" Onlrei Picikhg y{ebm

pfi gipfh` ha {npyrnpi` {ngzci{" Pfi gipfh` ha nbncu{e{ y{i` pfi A pi{p &eb

ybe{hb%# pfi pi{p P &znrpenc%# nbncu{e{ ha pfi khiaaekeibp ha ìpirgebnpehb &_?%# nb`

gycpezci cebinr rimri{{ehb nbncu{e{"

Arhg pfi ri{ycp{ {fh}i` pfnp aebnbkenc khgzib{npehb fn{ n zh{epeqi nb`

{embeaeknbp egznkp hb pfi zrh`ykpeqepu ha igzchuii{ }feci bhb'aebnbkenc

khgzib{npehb fnqi n bimnpeqi iaaikp nb` bh {embeaeknbp iaaikp hb igzchuii

zrh`ykpeqepu" Ep gnli{ aebnbkenc khgzib{npehb e{ pfi gh{p `hgebnbp qnrenoci

naaikpebm pfi zrh`ykpeqepu ha igzchuii{ np ZP" Onlrei Picikhg Gnln{{nr Nrin"


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LNPN ZIBMNBPN_

N{{ncngy Ncnelyg ]nrnfgnpyccnfe ]nonrnlnpyf

Ncfng`yceccnf zyde {uylyr zibyce{ znbdnplnb lifnèrnp Nccnf []P npn{

cegznfnb rnfgnp `nb fe`nunf'Bun# {ifebmmn zibyce{ `nznp gicnl{nbnlnb

zibicepenb `nb gibuy{yb {lrez{e ebe ìbmnb onel" Pe`nl cyzn [ncng `nb {fhcn}np

pipnz pirkyrnf lizn`n _n{ycyccnf {ionmne zibuigzyrbn nlfcnl ygnp gnby{en `nb

zigon}n lnonr onfnmen onme hrnbm'hrnbm unbm oiregnb"

[lrez{e ebe zibyce{ {y{yb ybpyl gigibyfe {ncnf {npy zir{unrnpnb nlnìgel

mybn gibuici{nelnb {pyè zn`n Zrhmrng [pyè Dyry{nb Gnbndigib Anlycpn{

Ilhbhge `nb Oe{be{ Ybeqir{epn{ Fn{nby`èb Gnln{{nr" N`nzyb dy`yc zibyce{nb

{lrez{e ebe n`ncnf Cnpnr Oicnlnbm Gn{ncnf """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >

>"? _ygy{nb Gn{ncnf """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 9

>"; Pydynb `nb Gnbannp Zibicepenb """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 9

>";"> Pydynb Zibicepenb """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 9

>";"? Gnbannp Zibicepenb """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 1

>"0" [e{pignpeln Zibyce{nb """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 1

ONO EE CNB@N[NB PIH_E """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 6

?"> Zibicepenb Pir`nfycy """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 6

?"? Lhb{iz Gnbndigib [ygoir @nun Gnby{en" """""""""""""""""""""""""" >:

?"?">" Zibmirpenb [ygoir @nun Gnby{en """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >:

?"?"?" Giphì Zibìlnpnb G[@G """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >>

?"?";" Aybm{e G[@G """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >;

?";" Lhgzib{n{e """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >6

?";"> Zibmirpenb Lhgzib{n{e """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >6

?";"? Pydynb Lhgzib{n{e """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ?:

?";"; Dibe{'dibe{ Lhgzib{n{e """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ?>

?";"0 Anlphr'anlphr unbm Gigzibmnryfe Lhgzib{n{e """""""""" ?1


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?"0 Zrh`ylpeqepn{"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ?6

?"0"> Zibmirpenb Zrh`ylpeqepn{ """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ?6

?"0"? Anlphr'anlphr unbm Gigibmnryfe Zrh`ylpeqepn{ """"""""""" ;:

?"0"; Zibmylyrnb Zrh`ylpeqepn{ """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ;;

?"9 Fyoybmnb Nbpnrn Lhgzib{n{e nb Zrh`ylpeqepn{ """""""""""""""""" ;9

?"1 Lirnbmln Zeler""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ;=

?"= Fezhpi{e{ """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ;6

ONO EEE GIPH@I ZIBICEPENB """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ;5

;">" Chln{e nb Hodil Zibicepenb """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ;5

;"?" Dibe{ `nb [ygoir @npn """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ;5

;";" Giphì Zibmygzycnb @npn """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0:

;"0" Zhzycn{e `nb [ngzic Zibicepenb """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0>

;"9" Giphì Nbnce{e{"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0>

;"9"> Nbnce{e{ @i{lrezpea Lynbpepnpea """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0>

;"9"? Nbnce{e{ Lynbpepnpea """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0?

;"9"; Zibmylyrnb Eb{prygib Zibicepenb """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 00

;"1" @iaebe{e Hzirn{ehbnc Qnrenoic """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 09

ONO EQ MNGON_NB YGYG ZI_Y[NFNNB """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 06

0"> [idnrnf [ebmlnp Ziry{nfnnb """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 06

0"? Qe{e `nb Ge{e Ziry{nfnnb """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 05

0"; [prylpyr Hrmnbe{n{e Ziry{nfnnb """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 9:

ONO Q NBNCE[E[ FN[EC @NB ZIGONFN[NB """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 91

9"> Nbnce{e{ `nb Zigonfn{nb Lnrnlpire{pel _i{zhbìb """"""""""""""" 91

9"? Zibibpynb _nbmi """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 1:

9"; @i{lrez{e Qnrenoic Lhgzib{n{e Aebnb{enc &V>% `nb

Lhgzib{n{e Bhb'Aebnb{enc &V?% [irpn Zirfepybmnb {lhr

Qnrenoic Oion{ """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 1>


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ve

9"0 @i{lrez{e Qnrenoic Zrh`ylpeqepn{ Lnrun}nb &U% `nb

Zirfepybmnb [lhr Qnrenoic Pirelnp """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 1;

9"9 Zibmylyrnb Eb{prygib Zibicepenb"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 10

9"9"> Yde Qnce`epn{ """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 10

9"9"? Yde _icenoecepn{ """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 19

9"1 Yde Fezhpi{e{ """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 1=

9"1"> Nbnce{e{ `nb Zigonfn{nb Zigoirenb Lhgzib{n{e

Aebnb{enc `nb Lhgzib{n{e Bhb'Aebnb{enc Pirfn`nz

Zrh`ylpeqepn{ Lnrun}nb"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 1=

9"1"? Nbnce{e{ `nb Zigonfn{nb Lhiae{eib @ipirgebn{e &_?% 16

9"1"; Yde A &[irigznl% """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 16

9"1"0 Yde p &Znr{enc% """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 15

9"= Zigonfn{nb """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" =:

ONO QE ZIBYPYZ """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" =;

1"> Li{egzycnb"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" =;

1"? [nrnb """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" =0

@NAPN_ ZY[PNLN """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" =9

CNGZE_NB


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@NAPN_ MNGON_

Fncngnb

Mngonr ?"> Anlphr'anlphr unbm Gigzibmnryfe Zrh`ylpeqepn{ """"""""""""""""""""" ;?

Mngonr ?"? Lirnbmln Zeler""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ;=

Mngonr 0"> [prylpyr Hrmnbe{n{e Ziry{nfnnb """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 9:


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@NAPN_ PNOIC

Fncngnb

Pnoic ;"> Qnrenoic Zibicepenb `nb @iaebe{e Hzirn{ehbnc """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0=

Pnoic 9"> Lnrnlpire{pel _i{zhbìb Oir`n{nrlnb Dibe{ Licngeb """"""""""""""""""""""""""" 9=

Pnoic 9"? Lnrnlpire{pel _i{zhbìb Oir`n{nrlnb Y{en """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 9=

Pnoic 9"; Lnrnlpire{pel _i{zhbìb Oir`n{nrlnb Zibèèlnb """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 96

Pnoic 9"0 Lnrnlpire{pel _i{zhbìb Oir`n{nrlnb Cngn Oilirdn """"""""""""""""""""""""""" 95

Pnoic 9"9 Lnrnlpire{pel _i{zhbìb Oir`n{nrlnb [pnpy{ Lnrun}nb """"""""""""""""""""""" 1:

Pnoic 9"1 Pnbmmnznb _i{zhbìb Pibpnbm Qnrenoic Aebnb{enc &V>% """""""""""""""""""""" 1>

Pnoic 9"= Pnbmmnznb _i{zhbìb Pibpnbm Qnrenoic Lhgzib{n{e Bhb'Aebnb{enc

&V?% """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 1?

Pnoic 9"6 Pnbmmnznb _i{zhbìb Pibpnbm Qnrenoic Zrh`ylpeqepn{ Lnrun}nb &U% 1;

Pnoic 9"5 Fn{ec Yde Qnceèpn{ """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 10

Pnoic 9">: Fn{ec Yde _icenoecepn{ """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 11

Pnoic 9">> _ebmln{nb Fn{ec _imri{e """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 1=


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>

ONO E

ZIB@NFYCYNB

>">"Cnpnr Oicnlnbm Gn{ncnf

Ziry{nfnnb n`ncnf {ynpy cigonmn unbm èhrmnbe{er `nb èdncnblnb ybpyl

gibuiènlnb onrnbm `nb dn{n nmnr `nznp gicnunbe zirgebpnnb lhb{ygib nlnb

lioypyfnb giriln" @ncng gicnl{nbnlnb zrh{i{ zrh`yl{ebun# {ynpy ziry{nfnnb

gigoypyflnb anlphr'anlphr zrh`yl{e unbm `nznp gibybdnbm pirknznebun pydynb

ziry{nfnnb" Anlphr'anlphr pir{ioyp n`ncnf onfnb only# gh`nc# `nb gnby{en"

Pirlfy{y{ zn`n anlphr gnby{en# anlphr ebe gigimnbm zirnbnb unbm {nbmnp

zibpebm `ncng zicnl{nbnnb zrh{i{ zrh`yl{e" Hcif lnribn epy# zefnl ziry{nfnnb

fnry{ {icncy gigzirfnpelnb anlphr gnby{en npny pibnmn lirdn unbm `nznp

gibibpylnb lioirfn{ecnb ziry{nfnnb `ncng gibknzne pydynbbun" [iknbmmef

nznzyb zirncnpnb unbm ègecele ziry{nfnnb# pe`nl nlnb oe{n gibknzne pebmlnp

zrh`ylpeqepn{ unbm èfnrnzlnb deln zirncnpnb pir{ioyp pe`nl èhzirn{elnb {iknrn

iailpea `nb iae{eib hcif {ygoir `nun gnby{en unbm ègecele hcif ziry{nfnnb

pir{ioyp"

Ybpyl gibkezpnlnb cebmlybmnb lirdn unbm lhb`y{ea pibpybun pe`nl ìbmnb

oimepy {ndn `nznp è}ydy`lnb hcif ziry{nfnnb" Ziry{nfnnb fnry{ gngzy

gigoirelnb ghpeqn{e lizn`n znrn lnrun}nbbun nmnr lnrun}nb pir`hrhbm ybpyl

gicnl{nbnlnb pymn{bun `nb `nznp gibebmlnplnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ ziry{nfnnb {iknrn

gibuicyryf"


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[ncnf {npy dncnb ybpyl gighpeqn{e lnrun}nb nmnr `nznp èoir`nunlnb

{iiailpea `nb {iiae{eib gybmleb mybn gibebmlnplnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ ziry{nfnnb

n`ncnf ìbmnb dncnb zigoirenb lhgzib{n{e lizn`n giriln" Fnc ebe èfnrnzlnb

`nznp gigoibpyl {ynpy zhcn fyoybmnb onel nbpnrn znrn lnrun}nb `nb ziry{nfnnb

ègnbn znrn lnrun}nb nlnb oirzeler onf}n ziry{nfnnb pigznp ègnbn giriln

oilirdn oe{n gignfnge {irpn gibmipnfye lioypyfnb fe`yz unbm gibdnè zigeky

gibmnzn giriln oilirdn"

@nre {y`yp znb`nbm ziry{nfnnb# zigoirenb lhgzib{n{e npny oncn{ dn{n

giryznlnb {ynpy oenun unbm fnry{ èlicynrlnb hcif zefnl ziry{nfnnb lizn`n znrn

lnrun}nbbun" Hcif lnribn epy zefnl ziry{nfnnb fnry{ gicnlylnb {ynpy zibecnenb

unbm picepe gibmibne zri{pn{e lirdn unbm èfn{eclnb hcif penz'penz lnrun}nb

pir{ioyp" Fnc pir{ioyp ècnl{nbnlnb hcif zefnl ziry{nfnnb lnribn ziry{nfnnb

pir{ioyp gibmfib`nle n`nbun {ynpy zri{pn{e lirdn unbm gnl{egnc `nre oenun

lhgzib{n{e unbm giriln licynrlnb"

[i`nbmlnb nznoecn ècefnp `nre {y`yp znb`nbm lnrun}nb# lhgzib{n{e

èznb`nbm {ionmne ncnp ybpyl gigzirpnfnblnb licnbm{ybmnb fe`yzbun {iknrn

ilhbhge{ ybpyl gigibyfe lioypyfnb fe`yzbun lnribn giryznlnb {ynpy

libunpnnb unbm pe`nl `nznp è{nbmlnc onf}n ghpeqn{e `n{nr onme lionbunlnb

hrnbm gibdnè zimn}ne `ncng {ynpy hrmnbe{n{e n`ncnf ybpyl gibknre bnalnf"

Hcif lnribn epy# ZP" Onlrei Picikhg Nrin Gnln{{nr {ionmne {ncnf {npy

ziry{nfnnb unbm oirmirnl è oe`nbm zicnunbnb dn{n picilhgybeln{e ibmnb pebmlnp

lhgzipe{e unbm pebmme ènbpnrn ziry{nfnnb'ziry{nfnnb {idibe{ unbm oirmirnl è

oe`nbm unbm {ngn zircy gibebmlnplnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb giriln gicncye


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Lipeln zrh{i{ ghpeqn{e unbm ècnlylnb ziry{nfnnb lizn`n lnrun}nb

`ncng oibpyl zigoirenb lhgzib{n{e oirdncnb ìbmnb cnbknr `nb {i{yne ìbmnb

ziribknbnnbbun gnln pnfnznb {icnbdypbun unbm èfnrnzlnb nlnb pirdnè n`ncnf

zibebmlnpnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb" Lipeln zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb picnf pirknzne

gnln ziry{nfnnb `nznp gibmylyr {idnyf gnbn zibebmlnpnb lebirdn unbm giriln

knzne" Fnc ebecnf unbm gibdnè ncyr `n{nr zibicepenb unbm nlnb èligonbmlnb hcif

zibyce{# ègnbn zibyce{ gib`ymn pir`nznp zibmnryf nbpnrn zrh{i{ ghpeqn{e

lnrun}nb `ncng oibpyl zigoirenb lhgzib{n{e pirfn`nz zibebmlnpnb

zrh`ylpeqepn{"

@nre yrnenb ènpn{ `nznp lepn cefnp onf}n{nbun zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn

giryznlnb {ynpy gn{ncnf unbm fnry{ gib`nznplnb zirfnpenb {irey{ `nre zefnl

ziry{nfnnb# lnribn zibebmlnpnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn epy pe`nl nlnb pirdnè ìbmnb

{ibèrebun# pipnze fnry{ n`n y{nfn `nb zirnb {irpn onel `nre zefnl ziry{nfnnb

gnyzyb `nre zefnl lnrun}nb epy {ibère" [ncnf {npy knrn ybpyl `nznp

gibebmlnplnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn lnrun}nb n`ncnf ìbmnb knrn gibipnzlnb

giphì lhgzib{n{e unbm nèc `nb cnunl lizn`n lnrun}nb pir{ioyp npn{ zri{pn{e

lirdn unbm giriln knzne"

@ibmnb ìgelenb zigoirenb lhgzib{n{e `ncng ziry{nfnnb fnry{ ènpyr

ìbmnb onel# {ifebmmn `nznp èpiregn hcif li`yn oicnf zefnl" Dnè `ncng

gibmigonbmlnb `nb gibirnzlnb {ynpy {e{pig lhgzib{n{e pirpibpy lizibpebmnb

hrmnbe{n{e `nb lizibpebmnb znrn lnrun}nbbun gypcnl ybpyl èzirfepybmlnb"

[e{pig lhgzib{n{e pir{ioyp èfnrnzlnb `nznp gibdngeb lizyn{nb znrn nbmmhpn


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hrmnbe{n{e unbm zn`n mecernbbun bnbpe gigybmleblnb hrmnbe{n{e gibknzne pebmlnp

zrh`ylpeqepn{ unbm efnrnzlnb {irpn lizibpebmnb hrmnbe{n{e cnebbun"

Oir`n{nrlnb yrnenb gibmibne lhgzib{n{e `nb zrh`ylpeqepn{ ziry{nfnnb

ènpn{# gnln zibyce{ pirpnrel ybpyl gibmn`nlnb zibicepenb unbm ligyènb nlnb

èpynbmlnb `ncng oibpyl pyce{nb ecgenf &{lrez{e% unbm oirdy`yc Zibmnryf

Lhgzib{n{e Pirfn`nz Zrh`ylpeqepn{ Lnrun}nb ZP" Onlrei Picikhg Nrin

Gnln{{nr"

>"?"_ygy{nb Gn{ncnf

@nre cnpnr oicnlnbm gn{ncnf unbm picnf èyrnelnb {ioicygbun# gnln unbm

gibdnè gn{ncnf zhlhl `ncng zibyce{nb ebe# unepy 4

>" Nznlnf Lhgzib{n{e Aebnb{enc `nb Lhgzib{n{e Bhb'Aebnb{enc oirzibmnryf

pirfn`nz zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb zn`n ZP" Onlrei Picikhg nrin Gnln{{nr"

?" @nre li`yn dibe{ lhgzib{n{e pir{ioyp# gnbnlnf unbm oirzibmnryf cioef

`hgebnb pirfn`nz zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb zn`n ZP" Onlrei Picikhg nrin

Gnln{{nr"

>";"Pydynb `nb Gnbannp Zibicepenb

>";">" Pydynb Zibicepenb

>" Ybpyl gibmlnde zibmnryf lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc `nb lhgzib{n{e bhb

aebnb{enc pirfn`nz zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb zn`n ZP" Onlrei Picikhg nrin

Gnln{{nr"

?" Ybpyl gibmyde {iknrn igzerel gnbnlnf unbm oirzibmnryf cioef `hgebnb

pirfn`nz zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb zn`n ZP" Onlrei Picikhg nrin Gnln{{nr"


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1

>";"?" Gnbannp Zibicepenb

>" Pymn{ nlfer {pyè {ionmne {ncnf {npy zir{unrnpnb mybn gigzirhcif micnr

[nrdnbn Ilhbhge zn`n Anlycpn{ Ilhbhge @nb Oe{be{ Ybeqir{epn{

Fn{nby`èb"

?" @nznp èdnèlnb {ionmne onfnb zirpegonbmnb `nb {nrnb {irpn zigelernb

unbm oirgnbannp onme gnbndigib ZP" Onlrei Picikhg nrin Gnln{{nr#

`ncng gicnlylnb lizypy{nb `ncng zigoirenb lhgzib{n{e mybn

gigoirelnb ghpeqn{e lizn`n znrn lnrun}nb giriln unbm zn`n nlferbun

bnbpe èfnrnzlnb gngzy gibebmlnplnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ giriln unbm ìbmnb

{y`yp znb`nbm cioef cyn{ unbm {iknrn lhcilpea `nznp èznb`nbm {ionmne

zibebmlnpnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ ziry{nfnnb"

;" [ionmne onfnb zirpegonbmnb {irpn riairib{e onme zibyce{ cneb unbm nlnb

gibmn`nlnb zibicepenb ibmnb dy`yc npny gnpire unbm {ngn"

>"0"[e{pignpeln Zibyce{nb

Ybpyl gigzirhcif mngonrnb unbm cioef dicn{ gibmibne fnc'fnc unbm

èonfn{ `ncng zibyce{nb ebe# gnln zibyce{nbbun èonme `ncng ibng &1% ono unbm

lhgzh{e{ebun {ionmne oirelyp4

Ono E# Giryznlnb ono zib`nfycynb unbm gibmyrnelnb cnpnr oicnlnbm#

rygy{nb gn{ncnf# pydynb nb limybnnb zibicepenb"

Ono EE# Oire{elnb cnb`n{nb zigelernb pihrepel unbm gicezype pebdnynb

zy{pnln ( lirnbmln pihrepel {irpn gibmigylnlnb lirnbmln zeler unbm gib`n{nre

zibicepenb nb zignznrnb fezhpi{e{ zibicepenb"


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=

Ono EEE# Gibmigylnlnb giph`i zibicepenb unbm gicezype4 chln{e

zibicepenb# zhzycn{e `nb {ngzic# dibe{ `nb {ygoir `npn# pilbel zibmygzycnb `npn#

giph`i nbnce{e{# qnrenoic zibicepenb {irpn {e{pignpeln zibyce{nb"

Ono EQ# Gibundelnb mngonrnb ygyg ziry{nfnnb unbm gicezype4 {idnrnf

{ebmlnp ziry{nfnnb# qe{e# ge{e `nb oy`nun ziry{nfnnb# {prylpyr hrmnbe{n{e {irpn

zigonmenb pymn{"

Ono Q# Giryznlnb nbnce{e{ `nb zigonfn{nb `nre zibicepenb pibpnbm

zibmnryf lhgzib{n{e aebn{enc `nb lhgzib{n{e bhb aebnb{enc pirfn`nz

zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb ZP" Onlrei Picikhgnrin Gnln{{nr"

Ono QE# Ono zibypyz unbm oire{e li{egzycnb `nb {nrnb'{nrnb `nre fn{ec

zibicepenb unbm picnf ecnlylnb"


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6

ONO EE

CNB@N[NB PIH_E

?"> Zibicepenb Pir`nfycy

Zibicepenb pir`nfycy gibmibne lhgzib{n{e `ncng lnepnbbun ìbmnb

zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb unbm ligyènb gibdnè riairib{e unbm riciqnb

ìbmnb zibicepenb ebe nbpnrn cneb 4

>" E"O" @ibbu Nru @dh`fe

Zibicepenb ebe oirdy`yc Zibmnryf Lhgzib{n{e Pirfn`nz Zrh`ylpeqepn{

Lirdn Lnrun}nb &[pyè Ln{y{ Zn`n ZP" V%" Zibicepenb ebe giryznlnb

zibicepenb lynbpepnpea ìbmnb gibmmybnlnb ncnp ylyr oiryzn lye{ehbir

unbm epig'epig zirpnbunnb è`n{nrlnb zn`n oioirnzn riairib{e pibpnbm

zibmylyrnb lhgzib{n{e `nb zrh`ylpeqepn{" Nbnce{n ècnlylnb {iknrn

ì{lrezpea ybpyl gicefnp mngonrnb lhgzib{n{e `nb zrh`ylpeqepn{# {i`nbm

ybpyl gicefnp zibmnryf lhgzib{n{e pirfn`nz zrh`ylpeqepn{ ècnlylnb

ìbmnb yde lhricn{e lnbhbel" Fn{ec `nre nbnce{n gibybdyllnb onf}n

mngonrnb lhgzib{n{e unbm èznb`nbm lyrnbm hcif lnrun}nb ZP" V

n`ncnf gn{ncnf lhgzib{n{e cnbm{ybm" Ybpyl zibmnryf lhgzib{n{e

pirfn`nz lebirdn# fnbun dibe{ lhgzib{n{e bhb'aebnb{enc unbm oirzibmnryf

zh{epea pirfn`nz lebirdn zn`n ciqic {pnaa oen{n" Bngyb zn`n ciqic {ibehr

{pnaa lhgzib{n{e pe`nl oirzibmnryf pirfn`nz zrh`ylpeqepn{" Ybpyl

lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc `ncng zibicepenb ebe pe`nl oirzibmnryf pirfn`nz

zrh`ylpeqepn{ onel è ciqic {pnaa gnyzyb è ciqic {ibehr {pnaa"

6


22/115

5

?" Uybenrpe Pnbè _nznbm

Zibicepenb ebe oirdy`yc Zibmnryf Lhgzib{n{e Pirfn`nz Zrh`ylpeqepn{

Lnrun}nb zn`n ZP" Ziprn Dnun Ci{pnre &Gibyryp Zir{iz{e

Lnrun}nb%" @ncng zibicepenb ebe zibyce{ gibmmybnlnb pilbel

zibmygzycnb `npn {pyè cepirnpyri `nb zibicepenb cnbm{ybm li cnznbmnb

ìbmnb knrn gicnlylnb }n}nbknrn `nb zibebdnynb {iknrn cnbm{ybm

pirfn`nz nlpeqepn{ ziry{nfnnb" Ybpyl gibmipnfye nznlnf n`n fyoybmnb

nbpnrn lhgzib{n{e ìbmnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn fnc# epy ècnlylnb ìbmnb

gibmmybnlnb yde lhricn{e _nbl [zinrgnb# ìbmnb zibmydenb fezhpi{e{"

@egnbn zibyce{ gibmn`nlnb zibicepenb pirfn`nz ncnp unbm `nznp

gighpeqn{e lnrun}nb `ncng oilirdn unepy lhgzib{n{e `nb zibmnryfbun

pirfn`nz zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn lnrun}nb" Oir`n{nrlnb fn{ec nbnce{n `npn#

èzirhcif onf}n zicnl{nbnnb lhgzib{n{e {y`nf oirdncnb ìbmnb iailpea#

ècefnp `nre becne rnpn'rnpn unepy {ioi{nr 0"911 unbm pirgn{yl `ncng

lnpimhre unbm {nbmnp onel" Ybpyl zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn lnrun}nb pircefnp

onel# ìbmnb becne rnpn'rnpn 0"=:? pirgn{yl `ncng lnpimhre {nbmnp onel"

[i`nbmlnb oi{nr zibmnryf zicnl{nbnnb lhgzib{n{e pirfn`nz

zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn lnrun}nb ècefnp `nre becne lhiae{eib lhricn{e rnbl

{zinrgnb &r{% {ioi{nr :#=># nrpebun nbpnrn zicnl{nbnnb lhgzib{n{e

ìbmnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn lnrun}nb gigecele fyoybmnb unbm kylyz

lynp" Ligyènb èzirhcif becne lhiae{eib ìpirgebn{e {ioi{nr 9:#0>) `nb

{e{nbun 05#95) èzibmnryfe hcif anlphr'anlphr cneb"


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>:

?"? Lhb{iz Gnbndigib [ygoir @nun Gnby{en

?"?">Zibmirpenb Gnbndigib [ygoir @nun Gnby{en

Gibyryp Fibru [egnghrn &?::0 4 0% Gnbndigib [ygoir @nun

Gnby{en n`ncnf zib`nunmybnnb# zibmigonbmnb# zibecnenb# zigoirenb oncn{

dn{n# `nb zibmhcnfnb ebèqe`y nbmmhpn hrmnbe{n{e npny lichgzhl lnrun}nb"

Fnc ebe gibmebèln{elnb onf}n {ygoir `nun gnby{en giryznlnb fnc unbm

qepnc onme ziry{nfnnb unbm gnbn lipeln {ygoir `nun gnby{en ebe èlichcn

ìbmnb onel {ifebmmn `nznp èoir`nunlnb {iknrn gnl{egnc nlnb gngzy

gibybdnbm iae{eib{e nb iailpeqepn{ hrmnbe{n{e ncng gibknzne pydynbbun"

[i`nbmlnb Mnru @i{{cir &?::; 4 9% gibmigylnlnb onf}n

Gnbndigib [ygoir @nun Gnby{en giryznlnb lioednlnb `nb zrnlpel

gibibpylnb n{zil gnby{en npny {ygoir `nun gnby{en `ncng zh{e{e

gnbndigib# pirgn{yl girilryp# gibunrebm# gicnpef# gigoire zibmfnrmnnb#

`nb zibecnenb"

N`nzyb [kfycir# ip nc" {izirpe unbm èlypez `ncng Iù [ypre{bh

&?::5 4 1% gibmnrpelnb gnbndigib {ygoir `nun gnby{en {ionmne 4

Zibmnlynb pibpnbm zibpebmbun pibnmn lirdn hrmnbe{n{e {ionmne {ygoir `nun

gnby{en unbm {nbmnp zibpebm `ncng gigoire lhbpreoy{e onme pydynb'pydynb

hrmnbe{n{e# `nb gibmmybnlnb oioirnzn aybm{e {irpn limenpnb ybpyl gign{pelnb

onf}n [ygoir @nun Gnby{en pir{ioyp èmybnlnb {iknrn iailpea `nb nèc onme

lizibpebmnb ebèqe`y# hrmnbe{n{e# `nb gn{unrnlnp"

Oir`n{nrlnb oioirnzn zibmirpenb è npn{# dicn{ onf}n Gnbndigib

[ygoir @nun Gnby{en gibepeloirnplnb zn`n onmnegnbn gibmichcn lnrun}nb

{ionmne n{ip ypngn ziry{nfnnb lnribn lioirfn{ecnb ziry{nfnnb pirmnbpybm

`nre lebirdn iailpea `nre lnrun}nb epy {ibère" Gnbndigib {ygoir `nun


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gnby{en `nznp è{egzyclnb {ionmne zibmichcnnb hrmnbe{n{ehbnc unbm gicezype

zrnlpel `nb lioednlnb onel {iknrn ebèqe`ync gnyzyb lhcilpea pirfn`nz n{ip

gnby{en {ifebmmn gigoirelnb lhbpreoy{e hzpegnc `ncng gibknzne pydynb

hrmnbe{n{e"

?"?"?Giphì Zibìlnpnb G[@G

Gncnuy ["Z" Fn{eoynb &?::1 4 >1% gibmigylnlnb onf}n `ncng

gigzicndnre G[@G n`n pemn zibìlnpnb unbm `nznp ècnlylnb# unepy 4

>" Zibìlnpnb Gilnbe{

Gilnbe{n{e giryznlnb zrh{i{ zibmmnbpenb zirnbnb pibnmn lirdn gnby{en

ìbmnb gi{eb ybpyl gibdncnblnb zilirdnnb" Zibìlnpnb gilnbe{ ebe

gibepeloirnplnb nbnce{e{bun lizn`n {zi{ence{n{e# iailpeqepn{# {pnb`nrè{n{e#

`nb gigzircnlylnb lnrun}nb {ngn fncbun ìbmnb gi{eb" Liybpybmnb

{zi{ence{n{e ebe# zilirdn {ignleb pirngzec `nb iailpeqepn{ {ignleb oi{nr"

Licignfnbbun# zilirdnnb gigoh{nblnb lnrun}nb# gignpelnb

lrinpeqepn{# `nb lionbmmnnb lnrun}nb npn{ zilirdnnbbun nlnb {ignleb

oirlyrnbm"

[pnb`nrè{n{e èpirnzlnb kylyz gib`ncng {ifebmmn pirdnè

zigeb`nfnb zilirdnnb `nre gnby{en lizn`n gi{eb nbpnrlhgzhbib unbm

{npy ìbmnb lhgzhbib unbm cnebbun `nznp {ncebm èzirpylnrlnb {irpn

{zi{ence{n{e gi{eb'gi{eb# zirncnpnb# pnpn cipnl# `nb znorel zn`nfnc

lnrun}nb epy gigzybune zelernb# zirn{nnb# kepn'kepn# fnrmn ère# `nb

{ionmnebun"


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>?

?" Zibìlnpnb Znpirbnce{

Zn`n zibìlnpnb znpirbnce{# gnbndir `ncng gibmnrnflnb on}nfnbbun

oirpeb`nl {izirpe onznl pirfn`nz nbnlbun" Znrn on}nfnb èzircnlylnb

ìbmnb onel# an{ecepn{'an{ecepn{ èoirelnb# `nb on}nfnb ènbmmnz nbnl'

nbnlbun"

Zibìlnpnb ebe gibuionolnb lnrun}nb gibdnè gnbdn# gncn{

{ifebmmn zrh`ylpeqepn{ gibdnè gibyryb" Lhbè{e unbm gigoirelnb

lioion{nb pirfn`nz lnrun}nb nlnb oir`ngznl bimnpea onme ziry{nfnnb

nznoecn pe`nl n`n fnrghbe{n{e unbm pirdnceb nbpnrn npn{nb `nb on}nfnb"

@nre lhbè{e pir{ioyp# zibìlnpnb {e{pig {h{enc fnèr mybn gigoirelnb

zibdicn{nb gibmibne knrn ybpyl gibebmlnplnb lebirdn lnrun}nb ìbmnb

gigzirpegonbmlnb oironmne n{zil unbm n`n `ncng ziry{nfnnb"

;" Zibìlnpnb [e{pig [h{enc

Zibìlnpnb {e{pig {h{enc ebe gignb`nbm onf}n ziry{nfnnb n`ncnf {ynpy

{e{pig unbm lhgzcil{ unbm oirhzirn{e ncng cebmlybmnb unbm lhgzcil{"

Gnbndir gibun`nre `nb gibmnlye onf}n pydynb hrmnbe{n{e (

ziry{nfnnb nlnb pirknzne deln pirkezpn cebmlybmnb unbm fnrghbe{ unbm

nlnb gicnferlnb lirdn{ngn unbm onel nbpnrn zefnl npn{nb `nb zefnl

on}nfnb `ncng {ynpy hrmnbe{n{e" Zigelernb ebe è`n{nre hcif n`nbun

{ncebm lipirmnbpybmnb# ebpirnl{e# nb lipirlnepnb nbpnrn {i{ngn lnrun}nb"

[ipenz {e{pig {ibnbpen{n oirlnepnb# onel ìbmnb {ioynf {e{pig

unbm cioef cyn{ `nb cioef pebmme pebmlnpnbbun# gnyzyb ìbmnb {yo{e{pig

{ibère unbm gi}nlece ebpimrn{e oironmne {e{pig `nre oironmne pebmlnpnb


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>;

unbm cioef rib`nf" Ziry{nfnnb nlnb pygoyf `nb oirligonbm deln {e{pig

{h{enc pirebpimrn{e `ncng {npy {e{pig unbm fnrghbe{ {irpn oirebpirnl{e

ìbmnb onel"

Zibìlnpnb {e{pig {h{enc ebe fib`nlbun gibilnblnb lizn`n

li{n`nrnb npn{ pymn{ `nb pnbmmybm dn}no {ipenz ebèqe`y gnyzyb

lichgzhl unbm è`n{nre hcif {ioynf zignfngnb oir{ngn `nre {ioynf

{e{pig becne {ifebmmn lebirdn lnrun}nb cioef hzpegnc"

?"?";Aybm{e Gnbndigib [ygoir @nun Gnby{en

[ipicnf gicefnp yrnenb pibpnbm Gnbndigib [ygoir @nun

Gnby{en# pircefnp onf}n G[@G gigecele pemn n{zil ypngn" Fy{ieb

Ygnr &?::9 4 09% gibmigylnlnb fnc pir{ioyp gicezype 4

>" Aybm{e Gnbndirenc `nre Gnbndigib [ygoir @nun Gnby{en

?" Aybm{e Hzirn{ehbnc nre Gnbndigib [ygoir @nun Gnby{en

;" Zirnbnb nb li`y`ylnb Gnbndigib [ygoir @nun gnby{en

Oirelyp zibmirpenb `nb knlyznb aybm{e'aybm{e pir{ioyp 4

>" Aybm{e Gnbndirenc `nre Gnbndigib [ygoir `nun Gnby{en

Aybm{e Gnbndirenc n`ncnf aybm{e unbm gigzybune }i}ibnbm

lizigegzebnb pirfn`nz {ygoir `nun gnby{en cneb" @ncng fnc ebe

èrilpyr# lizncn onmenb# npny {yzirqe{hr n`ncnf hrnbm'hrnbm unbm

gigzybune zh{e{e gnbndirenc unbm gibdncnblnb aybm{e'aybm{e `nre

gnbndigib unbm giryznlnb {ynpy zrh{i{ limenpnb unbm è`ncngbun

pirère npn{ zrh{i{ ziribknbnnb# zibmhrmnbe{n{enb# zibmnrnfnb# `nb

zibmn}n{nb pirfn`nz lnrun}nb zn`n {ynpy ziry{nfnnb `ncng rnbmln


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>0

gibknzne pydynb ziry{nfnnb {iknrn iailpea `nb iae{eib" Licegn aybm{e ebe

giryznlnb {ynpy {e{pig unbm {ncebm pirlnep `nb oircnbm{ybm {iknrn piry{'

gibiry{" Gn{ebm'gn{ebm nznp edicn{lnb {ionmne oirelyp 4

n" Ziribknbnnb unepy y{nfn ybpyl gigelerlnb `nb gibipnzlnb

{ioicygbun pibpnbm nzn unbm nlnb èpigznplnb mybn gibmyry{ {ynpy

fn{ec unbm èebmeblnb" Dnè# dicn{cnf è {ebe onf}n oipnzn oi{nrbun

zirnbnb ziribknbnnb `ncng gnbndigib" Cioef dnyf cnme# Gnbndigib

[ygoir @nun Gnby{en nlnb gigonbpy zibknznenb pydynb hrmnbe{n{e

lnribn ìbmnb n`nbun ziribknbnnb {ygoir `nun gnby{en nlnb

gicnbknrlnb nlpeqepn{ ziry{nfnnb {iknrn iailpea nb iae{eib"

o" Zibmhrmnbe{n{enb unepy rnbmlnenb y{nfn zibmichgzhlnb limenpnb'

limenpnb unbm è}n`nflnb `ncng ybep lirdn ybpyl gicnl{nbnlnb

ribknbn `nb gibipnzlnb fyoybmnb nbpnrybep lirdn {iknrn fhre{hbpnc

`nb qirpelnc" Zircy èebmnp onf}n `ncng aybm{e ebe# hrnbm'hrnbm

èpigznplnb `ncng {ipenz ybep pirpibpy n`ncnf giriln unbm

gigzybune ligngzynb zn`n oe`nbm pir{ioyp nmnr pymn{ èoirelnb

`nznp pirknzne {izirpe ziribknbnnb unbm picnf epipnzlnb {ioicygbun"

k" Zibuy{ybnb n`ncnf aybm{e gnbndigib oiryzn zibuy{ybnb {ygoir

`nun gnby{en zn`n {ynpy hrmnbe{n{e# ègycne `nre zirilrypnb pibnmn

lirdn# zibmigonbmnb {ngzne zn`n y{nfn nmnr {ipenz lnrun}nb `nznp

gigoire `nun mybn gnl{egnc onme hrmnbe{n{e" Dnè# aybm{e

zibuy{ybnb ebe n`ncnf {ynpy y{nfn ybpyl gibme{e# gigecef# `nb


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>9

gibuy{yb {ygoir `nun gnby{en `ncng {prylpyr unbm picnf èoibpyl

zn`n pnfnz zibmhrmnbe{n{enb"

`" Zibmnrnfnb unepy aybm{e gnbndigib unbm oirfyoybmnb ìbmnb y{nfn

gigoirelnb oegoebmnb# {nrnb# zirebpnf# `nb zibmnrnfnb lizn`n

{ygoir `nun gnby{en `ncng gicnl{nbnlnb pymn{bun gn{ebm'gn{ebm

nmnr pymn{ unbm èoirelnb `nznp ècnl{nbnlnb ìbmnb onel `nb pirnrnf

zn`n pydynb unbm picnf èpipnzlnb"

i" Zibmn}n{nb unepy rnbmlnenb y{nfn zibmn}n{nb onel {iknrn cnbm{ybm

gnyzyb pe`nl cnbm{ybm pirfn`nz {icyryf zicnl{nbnnb limenpnb

hrmnbe{n{e ybpyl gibdngeb nmnr {ipenz zilirdnnb oircnbm{ybm {i{yne

ìbmnb ribknbnb# `ncng nrpe deln pirdnè zibuegznbmnb {imirn èngoec

cnbmlnf'cnbmlnf lhblrip"

Oir`n{nrlnb cnbmlnf'cnbmlnf pir{ioyp# zefnl gnbndigib `nznp

ènrpelnb {ionmne {ynpy y{nfn ybpyl gibknzne {ynpy pydynb gicncye

zibmmybnnb {ygoir `nun gnby{en unbm ègecele unbm {ncebm oilirdn

{ngn `nb oirebpirnl{e nbpnrn {npy ìbmnb unbm cneb" Fnc ebe gigoylpelnb

onf}n gnbndigib pe`nl nlnb pircnl{nbn pnbzn n`nbun {ygoir `nun

gnby{en"

?" Aybm{e Hzirn{ehbnc nre Gnbndigib [ygoir @nun Gnby{en

Aybm{e Hzirn{ehbnc n`ncnf aybm{e unbm pe`nl gigecele }i}ibnbm

zirebpnf gicneblnb fnbun gibiregn pymn{ `nb gibdncnblnb èon}nf

zibmn}n{nb aybm{e gnbndirenc" Aybm{e'aybm{e pir{ioyp gn{ebm'gn{ebm


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>1

picnf èdicn{lnb# {icnbdypbun nlnb èyrnelnb pibpnbm aybm{e li`yn `nre

Gnbndigib [ygoir @nun Gnby{en pir{ioyp" Aybm{e hzirn{ehbnc gicezype4

n" Aybm{e Zibmn`nnb &Zrhkyrigibp% unepy aybm{e ybpyl gigzirhcif

pibnmn lirdn unbm èoypyflnb hcif ziry{nfnnb" Unbm pirzibpebm è

{ebe n`ncnf lyncepn{ {ygoir `nun gnby{en unbm èpiregn {i{yne ìbmnb

lioypyfnb nlnb pymn{ unbm fib`nl ècnl{nbnlnb"

o" Aybm{e Zibmigonbmnb &@iqichzgibp Aybkpehb% n`ncnf {ynpy aybm{e

unbm oiry{nfn ybpyl gibmigonbmlnb lyncepn{ {ygoir `nun gnby{en

unbm {y`nf èpiregn" Fnc ebe zircy èzirfnpelnb gibmebmnp pe`nl

{igyn {ygoir `nun gnby{en unbm èpiregn hcif ziry{nfnnb# {ilncemy{

pirngzec ybpyl gibuici{nelnb pymn{ {irpn gigecele è{ezceb lirdn

{ionmnegnbn unbm èfnrnzlnb" Ziryonfnb pilbhchme `nb cebmlybmnb

hrmnbe{n{e giryznlnb n{zil zibpebm unbm gibybpyp gnbndir nmnr

gibmigonbmlnb ligngzynbbun {iknrn piry{'gibiry{# lfy{y{bun

`ncng oe`nbm gnbndigib"

k" Zigoirenb Oncn{ Dn{n &Khgzib{npehb Aybkpehb% n`ncnf y{nfn ybpyl

gibmfnrmne y{nfn lnrun}nb pirypngn {iknrn bunpn gibybdyllnb

fn{ec lirebmnp unbm onel oir`n{nrlnb zibecnenb unbm hodilpea"

Zigoirenb oncn{ dn{n unbm pe`nl nèc npny pe`nl girnpn nlnb

gibuionolnb rib`nfbun ghpeqn{e onme lnrun}nb unbm zn`n nlferbun

gibuionolnb pyrybbun lebirdn è{ionolnb giriln lyrnbm

èzircnlylnb {iknrn nèc hcif zegzebnb {ifebmmn gibdnè gncn{ `nb


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>6

èdncnblnb `nb èligonbmlnb {iknrn {icnrn{ nmnr pydynb hrmnbe{n{e `nznp

èknzne {iknrn iailpea `nb iae{eib"

;" Zirnbnb nb li`y`ylnb Gnbndigib [ygoir @nun Gnby{en

Febmmn {nnp ebe oicyg n`n ziry{nfnnb unbm gngzy gicnl{nbnlnb

pymn{'pymn{bun pnbzn gigircylnb {ygoir `nun gnby{en"Pir`nznp

likibìrybmnb onf}n {ignleb oi{nr {ynpy ziry{nfnnb# {ignleb oi{nr

zycn lioypyfnb {ygoir `nun gnby{enbun" Fnc ebe `nznp lepn cefnp `ncng

zrnlpel `yben oe{be{" ]ncnyzyb {ynpy ziry{nfnnb {y`nf gibmmybnlnb

gi{eb unbm oirpilbhchme pebmme# ghìrb# {irpn hphgnpe{# ziry{nfnnb pipnz

{ndn gigoypyflnb {ygoir `nun gnby{en unbm pirngzec `ncng dygcnf

unbm fnry{ gign`ne"

[ygoir `nun gnby{en unbm pirngzec fnbun nlnb è`nznplnb deln

ziry{nfnnb gny oirpnbmmybm dn}no ybpyl gibmigonbmlnb znrn

zilirdnbun ìbmnb gicnl{nbnlnb nlpeqepn{ unbm gib`ylybm zibebmlnpnb

lhgzipib{e lnrun}nb"

?"; Lhgzib{n{e

?";">Zibmirpenb Lhgzib{n{e

Gibyryp Mnru @i{{cir &?::=4 01%# lhgzib{n{e lnrun}nb n`ncnf

{igyn oibpyl zigonunrnb npny fnènf unbm èoirelnb lizn`n lnrun}nb `nb

gybkyc nre zilirdnnb giriln"

Zn`n `n{nrbun pir`nznp `yn knrn ybpyl gigoynp zigonunrnb

liynbmnb lizn`n lnrun}nb# unepy zigonunrnb cnbm{ybm `nb zigonunrnb

pe`nl cnbm{ybm" Zigonunrnb cnbm{ybm n`ncnf zigonunrnb `ncng oibpyl


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>5

yznf# mnde# eb{ibpea# lhge{e `nb ohby{" [i`nbmlnb zigonunrnb pe`nl

cnbm{ybm n`ncnf zigonunrnb `ncng oibpyl pybdnbmnb'pybdnbmnb liynbmnb

{izirpe n{ynrnb{e"

Gibyryp Fibru [egnghrn &?::04 00>%# lhgzib{n{e &khgzib{npehb%

gicezype egoncnb aebnb{enc `nb dn{n ber}ydy` {irpn pybdnbmnb unbm èpiregn

hcif znrn lnrun}nb {ionmne onmenb `nre fyoybmnb lizimn}nenb"

Lhgzib{n{e giryznlnb nzn unbm èpiregn hcif znrn lnrun}nb {ionmne mnbpe

lhbpreoy{e giriln lizn`n hrmnbe{n{e"

Pirgebhchme lhgzib{n{e {irebm èmybnlnb {iknrn oirmnbpenb ìbmnb

n`gebe{prn{e mnde `nb yznf< lib`npezyb ìgelenb# pirgebhchme lhgzib{n{e

{i{ybmmyfbun giryznlnb lhb{iz unbm cioef cyn{" Gnbnlncn èlichcn {iknrn

oibnr# lhgzib{n{e gigonbpy hrmnbe{n{e gibknzne pydynbbun `nb

gigzirhcif# gigicefnrn# `nb gigzirpnfnblnb pibnmn lirdn unbm

zrh`ylpea"

Gibyryp Gncnuy [" Z" Fn{eoynb &?::? 4 >>6% lhgzib{n{e n`ncnf

{igyn zib`nznpnb unbm oiroibpyl ynbm npny onrnbm cnbm{ybm gnyzyb pe`nl

cnbm{ybm unbm èpiregn lnrun}nb {ionmne egoncnb npn{ dn{n unbm picnf

èoirelnb lizn`n ziry{nfnnb"

[i`nbmlnb gibyryp Ghbù &?::6 4 0% lhgzib{n{e n`ncnf phpnc

{icyryf egoncnb unbm è piregn znrn lnrun}nb {ionmne zibmmnbpe dn{n unbm

picnf giriln oirelnb" Fnc ebe {idncnb ìbmnb nzn unbm èligylnlnb hcif

Znbmmnoinb `ncng Iù [ypre{bh &?::5 4 >6>% onf}n{nbun lhgzib{n{e


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?:

giryznlnb {ipenz oibpyl zibmfnrmnnb unbm èoirelnb lizn`n lnrun}nb

{ionmne oncn{ dn{n npn{ lhbpreoy{e unbm giriln oirelnb lizn`n hrmnbe{n{e"

?";"?Pydynb Lhgzib{n{e

Pydynb lhgzib{n{e zn`n penz'penz ziry{nfnnb oiroi`n# fnc ebe

pibpybun pirmnbpybm zn`n lizibpebmnb ziry{nfnnb" Pydynb lhgzib{n{e nznp

èlnpnlnb {ionmne {ncnf {npy ghpeqn{e npny zirnbm{nbm unbm èoirelnb hcif

ziry{nfnnb ybpyl gibebmlnplnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn lnrun}nb" Pydynb

lhgzib{n{e gibyryp Gncnuy ["Z" Fn{eoynb & ?::? 4 >?> % nbpnrn cneb 4

> Elnpnb Lirdn{ngn

@ibmnb zigoirenb lhgzib{n{e gnln pirdncebcnf elnpnb lirdn{ngn ahrgnc

nbpnrn gndelnb ìbmnb lnrun}nb# ègnbn lnrun}nb fnry{ gibmirdnlnb

pymn{'pymn{bun ìbmnb onel# {i`nbm zibmy{nfn npny gndelnb }ndeo

gigonunr lhgzib{n{e epy {i{yne ibmnb unbm picnf è{iznlnpe"

? Lizyn{nb Lirdn

@ibmnb oncn{ dn{n# lnrun}nb nlnb `nznp gigibyfe lioypyfn{b ae{el#

{pnpy{ {h{enc `nb imhe{pelbun# {ifebmmn lnrun}nb gigzirhcif lizyn{nb

lirdn `nre dnonpnbbun epy"

; Zibmn`nnb Iailpea

Deln zrhmrng lhgzib{n{e èpipnzlnb kylyz oi{nr# gnln zibmn`nnb

lnrun}nb unbm ~ynceaei`ybpyl ziry{nfnnb epy nlnb cioef gy`nf"

0 Ghpeqn{e

Ghpeqn{e n`ncnf {ynpy anlphr unbm gib`hrhbm {i{ihrnbm ybpyl

gicnlylnb {ynpy ziroynpnb pirpibpy" Ghpeqn{e {irebm zycn ènrpelnb


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?>

{ionmne anlphr zib`hrhbm zirecnly {i{ihrnbm" Ghpeqn{e ybpyl oilirdn ebe

{nbmnp zibpebm# lnribn nlnb gigzibmnryfe pebmme npny rib`nfbun

zrh`ylpeqepn{ ziry{nfnnb" Pnbzn n`nbun ghpeqn{e `nre zilirdn ybpyl

oilirdn{ngn ìge lizibpebmnb ziry{nfnnb gnln pydynb unbm picnf

èpipnzlnb hcif ziry{nfnnb pe`nl nlnb pirknzne"

9 [pnoecepn{ Lnrun}nb

@ibmnb zrhmrng lhgzib{n{e npn{ zreb{ez nèc `nb cnunl {irpn il{pirbnc

lhb{e{pib{e unbm lhgzipnpea gnln {pnoecepn{ lnrun}nb cioef pirdngeb

lnribn pyrb hqirricnpea likec"

1 @e{ezceb

@ibmnb zigoirenb oncn{ dn{n unbm kylyz oi{nr gnln è{ezceb lnrun}nb

{ignleb onel" Giriln nlnb gibun`nre {irpn gibnnpe zirnpyrnb'zirnpyrnb

unbm oircnly"

= Zibmnryf [irelnp Oyryf

@ibmnb zrhmrng lhgzib{n{e unbm onel# zibmnryf {irelnp oyryf `nznp

èfeb`nrlnb nb lnrun}nb nlnb oirlhb{ibprn{e zn`n zilirdnnbbun"

6 Zibmnryf Zigirebpnf

Deln zrhmrng lhgzib{n{e epy {i{yne ìbmnb yb`nbm'yb`nbm ziroyryfnb

unbm oircnly &{izirpe onpn{ yznf gebegyg% gnln ebpirqib{e zigirebpnf

`nznp efeb`nrlnb"

?";";Dibe{'dibe{ Lhgzib{n{e

Zn`n `n{nrbun lhgzib{n{e `nznp èlichgzhllnb li `ncng `yn

lichgzhl# unepy lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc `nb lhgzib{n{e oylnb aebnb{enc"


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??

[icnbdypbun lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc n`n unbm cnbm{ybm `nb n`n unbm

pe`nl cnbm{ybm" [i`nbmlnb lhgzib{n{e bhbaebnb{enc `nznp oiryzn

zilirdnnb nb cebmlybmnb zilirdnnb"

>" Lhgzib{n{e unbm oiroibpyl aebnbkenc

Lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc gibyryp Mnru @i{{cir &?::= 4 01% 4 Zirpngn

lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc unbm èoirelnb {iknrn cnbm{ybm# unepy mnde# yznf#

lhge{e'lhge{e `nb ohby{" @nb unbm li`yn n`ncnf lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc

unbm èoirelnb {iknrn pe`nl cnbm{ybm# {izirpe pybdnbmnb li{ifnpnb#

pybdnbmnb zib{eyb# pybdnbmnb fnre rnun# pybdnbmnb zibèèlnb# pybdnbmnb

zirygnfnb nb cneb {ionmnebun"

?" Lhgzib{n{e unbm oiroibpyl bhb aebnb{enc

Gibyryp _" ]nubi Ghbù &?::6 4 9% lhgzib{n{e bhb aebnb{enc n`ncnf

lizyn{nb unbm èpiregn {i{izhrnbm `nre zilirdnnb epy {ibère npny `nre

cebmlybmnb z{elhchme{ `nb npny ae{el pigznp hrnbm pir{ioyp oilirdn"

[icnbdypbun lhgzib{n{e bhb aebnb{enc èonme gibdnè `yn gnkng unepy

unbm oirfyoybmnb ìbmnb zilirdnnb `nb unbm oirfyoybmnb ìbmnb

cebmlybmnb lirdn" Unbm oirfyoybmnb ìbmnb zilirdnnb ge{ncbun {ndn

lioednlnb ziry{nfnnb unbm {ifnp# zilirdnnb unbm {i{yne# gibnrel `nb

gibnbpnbm# zicynbm ybpyl èzrhgh{elnb# zigoirenb dnonpnb {ionmne

{ugohc {pnpy{# {i`nbmlnb ybpyl lhgzib{n{e bhb aebnb{enc unbm

oirfyoybmnb ìbmnb cebmlybmnb lirdn {izirpe èpigznplnb è

cebmlybmnb lirdn unbm lhb`y{ea# cebmlybmnb lirdn unbm {ifnp# ngnb `nb

bungnb# an{ecepn{ lirdn unbm onel `nb gign`ne `nb cneb'cnebbun"


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?;

N`nzyb Gnpfe{ &?::1 4 0?:% gibmigylnlnb dibe{ lhgzib{n{e `nznp

oiryzn zibmfnrmnnb ebpreb{el `nb il{preb{el" Zibmfnrmnnb ebpreb{el

{irebm gicezype zydenb npn{ zibuici{nenb {ioynf zrhuil npny zigibyfnb

pydynb lebirdn" Zibmnryf z{elhchme{ `nb {h{enc unbm cneb gibkirgeblnb

zibmfnrmnnb ebpreb{el" [i`nbmlnb zibmfnrmnnb il{preb{el n`ncnf

zibmfnrmnnb unbm bunpn `nb oiryzn zibmfnrmnnb ghbipir `nb

bhbghbipir" Gnpfe{ dymn gibdnonrlnb dibe{ lhgzib{n{e cnbm{ybm

oiryzn 4

n" Mnde Zhlhl

Mnde zhlhl giryznlnb lhgzib{n{e `n{nr unbm èpiregn hcif

lnrun}nb# oen{nbun oiryzn yznf npny mnde" Gnpfe{ gibìaebe{elnb

yznf {ionmne egoncnb lirdn unbm èfepybm {iknrn cnbm{ybm

oir`n{nrlnb dygcnf }nlpy lirdn" [i`nbmlnb mnde giryznlnb egoncnb

lirdn unbm pipnz ybpyl {ipenz zirehì pnbzn gibmfernylnb dygcnf

dng lirdn"

o" Zibmfn{ecnb Pe`nl Pipnz

Zibmfn{ecnb pe`nl pipnz giryznlnb lhgzib{n{e unbm èfyoybmlnb

{iknrn cnbm{ybm ibmnb lebirdn ebèqe`ync# peg# npny hrmnbe{n{ehbnc"

[i`nbmlnb lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc pe`nl cnbm{ybm gibyryp Gnpfe{ `nznp

oiryzn pybdnbmnb unbm giryznlnb {ioynf zibmfnrmnnb pe`nl cnbm{ybm

unbm èoirelnb ybpyl {ihrnbm lnrun}nb npny {ilichgzhl lnrun}nb

{ionmne onmenb nre linbmmhpnnb hrmnbe{n{ehbnc"

Bn}n}e &?::6 4 ;>1% gigonme dibe{'dibe{ lhgzib{n{e {ionmne oirelyp 4


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?0

>" Lhgzib{n{e Cnbm{ybm

Lhgzib{n{e cnbm{ybm n`ncnf zibmfnrmnnb ( mnbdnrnb unbm è{ioyp

mnde npny yznf unbm èonunr {iknrn pipnz oir`n{nrlnb pibmmnbm }nlpy

unbm pipnz" [idncnb ìbmnb zibmirpenb epy# yznf npny mnde dymn

ènrpelnb {ionmne zigonunrnb `ncng oibpyl ynbm {iknrn pybne npny

oiryzn bnpyrn unbm èzirhcif zilirdn ybpyl zicnl{nbnnb

zilirdnnbbun"

?" Lhgzib{n{e Pe`nl Cnbm{ybm

Lhgzib{n{e pe`nl cnbm{ybm n`ncnf zigoirenb onmenb liybpybmnb (

gnbannp cnebbun onme znrn zilirdn è cynr mnde npny yznf pipnz# `nznp

oiryzn ynbm npny onrnbm" Ge{ncbun PF_# Pybdnbmnb Fnre Bnpnc `nb

cneb'cneb" @ibmnb lnpn cneb lhgzib{n{e pe`nl cnbm{ybm n`ncnf

zrhmrng zigoirenb zibmfnmnnb ( mnbdnrnb ìbmnb qnren{e unbm cyn{#

{ionmne zigoirenb onmenb liybpybmnb hrmnbe{n{e ( ziry{nfnnb"

;" Eb{ibpea

Eb{ibpea n`ncnf zibmfnrmnnb ( mnbdnrnb unbm èoirelnb ybpyl

gighpeqn{e znrn zilirdn nmnr zrh`ylpeqepn{bun pebmme# {eanpbun pe`nl

pipnz npny {i}nlpy'}nlpy" Hcif lnribn epy eb{ibpea {ionmne onmenb

`nre liybpybmnb# pirypngn {ilnce èoirelnb lizn`n zilirdn unbm

oilirdn {iknrn onel npny unbm oirzri{pn{e"


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?9

@ncng gnbeai{pn{ebun nznp eoi`nlnb gibdnè 4

n" Lhgzib{n{e Phpnc

Lhgzib{n{e ebe n`ncnf li{icyryfnb zibmfnrmnnb ( mnbdnrnb unbm

èpiregn hcif {ihrnbm zilirdn ybpyl {icyryf zilirdnnb unbm

ècnlylnbbun {ionmne lhbpreoy{ebun zn`n zibknznenb pydynb

hrmnbe{n{e" Lhgzhbibbun pirère `nre lipemn dibe{ lhgzib{n{e

pir{ioyp ènpn{# unlbe mnde ( yznf# oioirnzn dibe{ lhgzib{n{e

pe`nl cnbm{ybm nb eb{ibpea"

o" Lhgzib{n{e Lfy{y{

Lhgzib{n{e ebe dymn è{ioyp dymn Zibmfn{ecnb Pngonfnb unlbe

zibmfnrmnnb ( mnbdnrnb unbm èoirelnb lizn`n zilirdn ìbmnb

{pnpy{ pirpibpy `ncng hrmnbe{n{e ( ziry{nfnb" Lhgzib{n{e ebe

oen{nbun èoirelnb {iknrn lfy{y{ ybpyl gnbndir pebmlnp npn{"

Oibpylbun nbpnrn cneb oiryzn lib`nrnnb ziry{nfnnb# pigznp

pebmmnc# `nb cneb'cneb"

Pir`nznp oirgnkng'gnkng ìaebe{e `nb zibmlcn{eaeln{enb dibe{'dibe{

lhgzib{n{e# nlnb pipnze {idncnb ìbmnb pydynb zibyce{nb `nb rygy{nb

gn{ncnf unbm èdicn{lnb zn`n ono pir`nfycy gnln zibyce{

gigy{nplnb cnb`n{nb pihrepelnc nlnb dibe{ lhgzib{n{e ebe zn`n

lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc unbm pironme npn{ lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc cnbm{ybm

`nb lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc pe`nl cnbm{ybm `nb lhgzib{n{e bhb'

aebnb{enc unbm pironme npn{ lhgzib{n{e bhb'aebnb{enc unbm


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oirfyoybmnb zilirdnnb `nb lhgzib{n{e bhb'aebnb{enc unbm

oirfyoybmnb ìbmnb cebmlybmnb zilirdnnb"

?";"0Anlphr'anlphr unbm Gigzibmnryfe Lhgzib{n{e

Oironmne anlphr unbm gigzibmnryfe pebmlnp lhgzib{n{e unbm

èligylnlnb Gncnuy ["Z" Fn{eoynb &?:::4>?6% nbpnrn cneb 4

>" Zibn}nrnb `nb Zirgebpnnb Pibnmn Lirdn

Gi{lezyb fylyg ilhbhge pe`nlcnf oe{n èpipnzlnb {iknrn gypcnl

`ncng gn{ncnf pibnmn lirdn# pipnze pe`nl oe{n èebmlnre onf}n fylyg

zibn}nrnb `nb zirgebpnnb pipnz gigzibmnryfe ybpyl zilirdnnb unbm

gigoypyflnb lipirngzecnb &{lecc% pebmme# `nb dygcnf pibnmn lirdnbun cnbmln"

Gnln yznf kibìrybm pebmme {i`nbmlnb ybpyl dnonpnb'dnonpnb unbm

gigzybune zibn}nrnb unbm gicegznf yznf kibìrybm gibyryb

?" Ligngzynb Ybpyl Gigonunr

Gi{lezyb gybmleb {irelnp oyryf gibybpyp lhgzib{n{e unbm pebmme#

pipnze rince{n{e zigoirenb lhgzib{n{e nlnb pirmnbpybm dymn n`n pe`nlbun

ligngzynb gigonunr `nre ziry{nfnnb" Pebmmebun lhgzib{n{e nlnb

gibmnleonplnb bnelbun oenun zrh`yl{e# `nb nlferbun {ngzne gibmnleonplnb

lirymenb ziry{nfnnb# gnln dicn{ ziry{nfnnb nlnb pe`nl gngzy gigibyfe

an{ecepn{ lnrun}nb"

;" Hrmnbe{n{e Oyryf

N`n pe`nlbun hrmnbe{n{e oyryf# {irpn cignf lynpbun hrmnbe{n{e oyryf

nlnb elyp gigzibmnryfe pebmlnp lhgzib{n{e" N`nbun {irelnp oyryf unbm lynp#


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?=

unbm oirnrpe zh{e{e onrmnebebm lnrun}nb dymn lynp# {ifebmmn gibnellnb

pebmlnp lhgzib{n{e# igelenb zycn {ioncelbun"

0" Zrh`ylpeqepn{

Lhgzib{n{e {ioibnrbun giryznlnb egoncnb npn{ zri{pn{e lnrun}nb"

[ignleb pebmme zri{pn{e lnrun}nb {ifnry{bun {ignleb oi{nr zycn lhgzib{n{e

unbm nlnb lnrun}nb piregn" Zri{pn{e ebe oen{n èbunpnlnb {ionmne

zrh`ylpeqepn{" Fnbun unbm gibdnè gn{ncnf bngznlbun oicyg n`n

li{iznlnpnb ncng gibmfepybm zrh`ylpeqepn{"

9" Zigirebpnf

Zigirebpnf ìbmnb zirnpyrnb'zirnpyrnbbun dymn gigzibmnryfe pebmme

rib`nfbun lhgzib{n{e" Zirnpyrnb pibpnbm lhgzib{n{e gebegyg giryznlnb

onpn{ on}nf pebmlnp lhgzib{n{e unbm nlnb eonunr"

1" Oenun Fe`yz

Anlphr cneb unbm zircy èzirfepybmlnb dymn n`ncnf oenun fe`yz" @e lhpn'

lhpn oi{nr# ègnbn oenun fe`yz pebmme# lhgzib{n{e dymn kibìrybm pebmme"

Onmnegnbnzyb bngznlbun oenun fe`yz giryznlnb onpn{ lhgzib{n{e `nre

znrn lnrun}nb"

=" Zh{e{e Dnonpnb Lnrun}nb

Lnrun}nb unbm gib`y`yle dnonpnb unbm cioef pebmme nlnb gibiregn

mnde ( lhgzib{n{e unbm cioef oi{nr oimepyzyb {ioncel bun" Fnc ebe }ndnr lnribn

{i{ihrnbm unbm gib`nznp li}ibnbmnb `nb pnbmmybm dn}no unbm oi{nr fnry{

gib`nznplnb nzri{en{e unbm cioef oi{nr zycn"


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?6

6" Zibèèlnb `nb Zibmncngnb Lirdn

Deln zibèèlnb cioef pebmme `nb zibmncngnb lirdn cioef cngn gnln mnde

( oncn{ dn{nbun nlnb {ignleb oi{nr# lnribn liknlnznb {irpn lipirngzecnbbun

cioef onel"

5" Lhbè{e Zirilhbhgenb Bn{ehbnc

Nznoecn lhbè{e zirilhbhgenb bn{ehbnc {i`nbm gndy gnln pebmlnp

lhgzib{n{e nlnb {ignleb oi{nr lnribn nlnb gibìlnpe lhbè{e aycc

igzchugibp" [ioncelbun deln lhbè{e zirilhbhgenb lyrnbm gndy &ìzri{e%

gnln pebmlnp yznf rib`nf# lnribn onbunl pir`nznp zibmnbmmyrnb &è{~yi{fi`

ybigzchugibp%"

>:"Dibe{ `nb [eanp Zilirdnnb

Lncny dibe{ `nb {eanp zilirdnnb unbm {ycep `nb gigzybune ri{elh

&aebnb{enc `nb li{icngnpnb% unbm oi{nr gnln pebmlnp yznf ( oncn{ dn{nbun

{ignleb oi{nr lnribn gigoypyflnb liknlnznb {irpn lipicepenb ybpyl

gibmirdnlnbbun nb oimepyzyb {ioncelbun"

?"0 Zrh`ylpeqepn{

?"0"> Zibmirpenb Zrh`ylpeqepn{

Pdypdy Uybenr{ef &?::54>91% gibmigylnlnb onf}n zrh`ylpeqepn{

lirdn `nznp ènrpelnb {ionmne fn{ec lhbmlrep &zrh`yl% unbm èfn{eclnb hcif

ebèqe`y npny lichgzhl# {icngn {npynb }nlpy pirpibpy `ncng {ynpy zrh{i{

lirdn" @ncng fnc ebe# {ignleb pebmme zrh`yl unbm èfn{eclnb `ncng }nlpy

unbm {ignleb {ebmlnp `nznp èlnpnlnb onf}n pebmlnp zrh`ylpeqepn{bun

gigzybune becne unbm pebmme oimepyzyb {ioncelbun"


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?5

Bn}n}e `ncng Pdypdy Uybenr{ef &?::54>9=% gibmigylnlnb onf}n

zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn giryznlnb zironbèbmnb nbpnrn fn{ec unbm èzirhcif

&hypzyp% ìbmnb dygcnf {ygoir `nun unbm èzirmybnlnb {ionmne gn{ylnb

&ebzyp%"

N`nzyb Bnbnbm Anppnf `ncng Pdypdy Uybenr{ef &?::54>9=%

gibuegzyclnb onf}n `ncng lhb{iz zrh`ylpeqepn{ oirligonbm `nre

zibmirpenb pilbe{ {ngzne lizn`n zibmirpenb zirecnly" Zrh`ylpeqepn{ `ncng nrpe

pilbe{ gibmnky zn`n ìrndnp liiailpeanb `nb iae{eib{e `ncng zibmmybnnb

oironmne {ygoir `nun# {i`nbmlnb `ncng zibmirpenb zirecnly# zrh`ylpeqepn{

giryznlnb {elnz gibpnc unbm {ibnbpen{n oiry{nfn ybpyl piry{ oirligonbm"

@ibmnb ìgelenb# {iknrn ygyg zrh`ylpeqepn{ `nznp ègnlbne {ionmne

becne hypzyp `ncng ebpirnl{e `nb ebpiricn{ebun ìbmnb li{npynb becne'becne

ebzyp" Zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn lnrun}nb oen{nbun èbunpnlnb {ionmne egonbmnb

fn{ec rnpn'rnpn unbm èknzne hcif pibnmn lirdn# {icngn dng lirdn unbm pir{ièn

`ncng zrh{i{ zrh`yl{e" [ifyoybmnb ìbmnf fnc pir{ioyp# lhb{iz zrh`ylpeqepn{

zn`n `n{nrbun gibknlyz {elnz gibpnc `nb zirecnly unbm oirhreibpn{e zn`n

zironelnb oirlicnbdypnb &khbpebyhy{ egzrhqigibp%# `nb gigzybune

znb`nbmnb onf}n lebirdn fnre ebe fnry{ cioef onel `nre fnre lignreb# `nb

lebirdn fnre i{hl gi{pe cioef onel `nre zri{pn{e fnre ebe"

Zrh`ylpeqepn{ `nznp èylyr ìbmnb `yn {pnb`nr ypngn# unepy

zrh`ylpeqepn{ ae{el `nb zrh`ylpeqepn{ becne"Zrh`ylpeqepn{ ae{el èylyr `nre n{zil

lynbpepn{ `nb lyncepn{ zrh`yl unbm èfn{eclnb# {i`nbmlnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ becne

èylyr npn{ `n{nr becne'becne ligngzynb# {elnz# zirecnly# è{ezceb# ghpeqn{e#


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;:

`nb lhgepgib pirfn`nz zilirdnnb" Hcif lnribn epy gibmylyr pebmlnp

zrh`ylpeqepn{ pe`nlcnf gy`nf# è{ngzebm onbunlbun qnrenoic unbm fnry{

èylyr# dymn ncnp ylyr unbm emybnlnbbun {nbmnp oirqnren{e"

?"0"?Anlphr'anlphr unbm Gigzibmnryfe Zrh`ylpeqepn{

Pdypdy Uybenr{e &?::54>95% gibmichgzhllnb anlphr'anlphr unbm

gigzibmnryfe zrh`ylpeqepn{ `ncng `yn lichgzhl unepy 4

n" Anlphr Ebpirbnc

e" Lhgepgib lynp pirfn`nz qe{e `nb ge{e eb{pepy{ehbnc

ee" [prylpyr nb i{neb zilirdnnb

eee" Ghpeqn{e# è{ezceb# `nb iph{ lirdn unbm gib`ylybm lipirknznenb

pnrmip

eq" @ylybmnb {ygoir `nun unbm oe{n èmybnlnb ybpyl gibybdnbm

licnbknrnb zicnl{nbnnb pymn{

q" Lioednlnb ziry{nfnnb unbm oe{n girnbm{nbm lrinpeqepn{ nb ebhqn{e

qe" Zircnlynb unbm gibuibnbmlnb unbm oe{n èoirelnb hcif zegzebnb

`nb ( npny rilnb lirdn

qee" Zrnlpel gnbndigib unbm epirnzlnb hcif zegzebnb

qeee" Cebmlybmnb lirdn unbm irmhbhge{

ev" Li{i{ynenb nbpnrn pymn{ unbm èigonb ìbmnb cnpnr oicnlnbm

zibèèlnb# zibmncngnb# gebnp# linfcenb# `nb lipirngzecnb unbm

èlyn{ne

v" Lhgybeln{e ebpir `nb nbpnr ebèqe`y `ncng gigonbmyb lirdn {ngn


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;>

o" Anlphr Il{pirbnc

e" Zirnpyrnb ziryb`nbmnb# lioednlnb zigirebpnf# nb {epyn{e zhcepe{

ee" Ligeprnnb &bip}hrlebm% unbm èligonbmlnb

eee" Lycpyr `nb geb`{ipcebmlybmnb e {ilepnr hrmnbe{n{e

eq" @ylybmnb gn{unrnlnp `nb {pnlifhcìr{ {iknrn li{icyryfnb

q" Pebmlnp zir{nebmnb

qe" @ngznl mchonce{n{e

[iknrn {iìrfnbn# anlphr'anlphr unbm `nznp gigzibmnryfe

zrh`ylpeqepn{ ebe `nznp ècefnp cioef cnbdyp `ncng mngonr ?"> oirelyp 4


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;?

Mngonr ?">

Anlphr'anlphr unbm Gigzibmnryfe Zrh`ylpeqepn{

[ygoir 4 Pdypdy Uybenr{e &?::54>1>%

Z_H@YLPEQEPN[

n" Iailpeqepn{

o" Iae{eib{e

k" Ebhqn{e

N" EB@EQE@Y

>" Lhgepgib

?" Chuncepn{

;" Gebnp# ghpeqn{e# iph{ lirdn

0" @e{ezceb

9" Cnpnr Oicnlnbm

1" Lipirngzecnb# ligngzynb

=" Lizreonènb &zir{hbncepu%

O" H_MNBE[N[E

>" Qe{e# ge{e# nb pydynb

?" [e{pig nb zrnlpel

gnbndigib

;" [ygoir nun &lynbpepn{

`nb lyncepn{bun%

0" EKP

9" Lizigegzebnb

1" Lhgybeln{e

=" Lioednlnb hrmnbe{n{e

6" [prylpyr nb ì{neb

zilirdnnb

5" Oy`nun lirdn

>:" L;

>" Lycpyr cebmlybmnb

?" Lioednlnb zigirebpnf

;" Zibmnryf zhcepe{0" @ngznl mchonce{n{e

9" Ygznb oncel gn{unrnlnp

1" ligeprnnb

=" @ylybmnb {pnlifhcìr{

Anlphr Ebpirbnc

Anlphr Il{pirbnc


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;;

?"0"; Zibmylyrnb Zrh`ylpeqepn{

Zrh`ylpeqepn{ `nznp èylyr ìbmnb `yn {pnb`nr ypngn# unepy

zrh`ylpeqepn{ ae{el `nb zrh`ylpeqepn{ becne" [iknrn ae{el zrh`ylpeqepn{ èylyr

{iknrn lynbpepnpea {izirpe onbunlbun licynrnb &znbdnbm# oirnp# cngnbun }nlpy#

`nb dygcnf%" [i`nbmlnb oir`n{nrlnb becne# zrh`ylpeqepn{ èylyr npn{ `n{nr

becne'becne ligngzynb# {elnz# zirecnly# è{ezceb# ghpeqn{e `nb lhgepgib

pirfn`nz zilirdnnb ( pymn{"

Zibmylyrnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ giryznlnb {ynpy zrh{i{ unbm {nbmnp

zibpebm lnribn nlnb gibdnè cnb`n{nb `ncng gigoynp lioednlnb zironelnb

zrh`ylpeqepn{ {iknrn li{icyryfnb `ncng zrh{i{ gnbndigib" Gibyryp

Mn{ziri{t `ncng Pdypdy Uybenr{ef &?::54>1;% n`n oioirnzn lhbè{e zrn{unrnp

`ncng zibmylyrnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ nbpnrn cneb 4

>" Zibmylyrnb fnry{ ègycne zn`n zirgycnnb zrhmrng zironelnb

zrh`ylpeqepn{" Oironmne gn{ncnf unbm oirlnepnb ìbmnb zrh`ylpeqepn{

{irpn zicynbm ybpyl gigzironelebun"

?" Zibmylyrnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ ècnlylnb zn`n {e{pig eb`y{pru {iknrn

li{icyryfnb"

;" Zibmylyrnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ {ifnry{bun giceonplnb {igyn ebèqe`y unbm

pirceonp `ncng zrh{i{ eb`y{pre" @ibmnb ìgelenb zibmylyrnb zrh`ylpeqepn{

oir{eanp znrpe{eznpea"

0" Zibmylyrnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ {ifnry{bun `nznp gigybkyclnb `npn" @npn epy

bnbpebun `nznp èpybdyllnb npny èpngzeclnb `ncng oibpyl zipn'zipn#

ènmrng'ènmrng# pnoic'pnoic zirfepybmnb {pnpe{pel"


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;0

[ipenz hrmnbe{n{e nznzyb oibpylbun# zircy gibmnpnfye pebmlnp

zrh`ylpeqepn{ zimn}ne ( lnrun}nbbun" Fnc ebe ègnl{y`lnb nmnr `nznp

gibmylyr pebmlnp zironelnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn zimn}nebun `nre }nlpy li

}nlpy ìbmnb knrn gigonbèbmlnbbun ìbmnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ {pnb`nr unbm

picnf èpipnzlnb hcif zegzebnb" Mn{ziri{t `ncng Pdypdy Uybenr{e &?::54>10%

gibmigylnlnb n`n oioirnzn gnbannp `ncng zibmylyrnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ `ncng

{ynpy hrmnbe{n{e unbm nbpnrn cneb 4

n" Hrmnbe{n{e `nznp gibecne iae{eib{e lhbqir{e zibmmybnnb {ygoir `nun#

nmnr nznp gibebmlnplnb zrh`ylpeqepn{"

o" Ziribknbnnb {ygoir `nun nlnb gibdnè cioef iailpea `nb iae{eib gicncye

zibmylyrnb zrh`ylpeqepn{# onel `ncng ziribknbnnb dnbmln znbdnbm

gnyzyb dnbmln zibìl"

k" Pydynb ilhbhge{ `nb bhb ilhbhge{ hrmnbe{n{e `nznp èhrmnbe{n{elnb

ligonce ìbmnb knrn gigoirelnb zrehrepn{ unbm piznp# èznb`nbm `nre

{y`yp zrh`ylpeqepn{"

`" Ziribknbnnb pnrmip pebmlnp zrh`ylpeqepn{ è gn{n gib`npnbm `nznp

èghèaeln{e ligonce oir`n{nrlnb ebahrgn{e zibmylyrnb pebmlnp

zrh`ylpeqepn{ {ilnrnbm"

i" [prnpime ybpyl gibebmlnplnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ hrmnbe{n{e `nznp èpipnzlnb

oir`n{nrlnb pebmlnp li{ibdnbmnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ &zrh`ykpeqepu mnz% unbm

n`n è nbpnrn pebmlnp zrh`ylpeqepn{ unbm èylyr &nkpync zrh`ykpeqepu%"

@ncng fnc ebe pebmlnp zrh`ylpeqepn{ nlnb gigoirelnb ebahrgn{e `ncng


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;1

nlnbgibebmlnplnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn onflnb `nznp gibyryblnb {ignbmnp

`nb limnernfnb lirdn giriln"

@ibmnb lhgzib{n{e unbm èpiregn hcif lnrun}nb# giriln oirfnrnz

`nznp gigibyfe lioypyfnb fe`yz giriln {iknrn gebegnc# ge{ncbun

lioypyfnb gnlnb# gebyg# znlnenb `nb zirygnfnb" Hcif lnribn epy# `ncng

zrh{i{ zigoirenb lhgzib{n{e lizn`n znrn lnrun}nb {ipenz ziry{nfnnb fnry{

gigzirfnpelnbbun {iìgelenb ryzn {ifebmmn lhgzib{n{e pirib`nf unbm

èoirelnb `nznp gigibyfe lioypyfnb zhlhl znrn lnrun}nb giriln" Fnc

pir{ioyp irnp zibmnryfbun lnribn deln lioypyfnb zhlhl `nre lnrun}nb pe`nl

`nznp èzibyfe# gnln fnc pir{ioyp nlnb gibyryblnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ giriln"

Ybpyl epy èzircylnb zigoirenb lhgzib{n{e unbm nèc `nb cnunl {ifebmmn

lnrun}nb nlnb girn{n èzirfnpelnb hcif ziry{nfnnb" Oecn lnrun}nb girn{n

èzirfnpelnb ygygbun lnrun}nb nlnb oiry{nfn ybpyl oiroynp unbm pironel

onme ziry{nfnnb# {ifebmmn zibebmlnpnb lirdn giriln unbm pirnlygycn{e nlnb

gibebmlnplnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ ziry{nfnnb `nb pydynb ziry{nfnnb zyb nlnb

`nznp eknzne"

@nre fn{ec yrnenb pir{ioyp `nznp lepn cefnp onf}n zigoirenb

lhgzib{n{e lizn`n lnrun}nb irnp fyoybmnbbun pirfn`nz fnrnznb nlnb

zibebmlnpnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ ziry{nfnnb npny {ioynf hrmnbe{n{e"


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?"1Lirnbmln Zeler

Zrh{i{ zigoirenb lhgzib{n{e unbm ècnlylnb {iknrn nèc `nb cnunl

hcif ziry{nfnnb lizn`n znrn lnrun}nb giriln èfnrnzlnb gngzy gigoire

ghpeqn{e lizn`n lnrun}nb ybpyl gibebmlnplnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn giriln"

@nb zn`n nlferbun bnbpe nlygycn{e `nre zibebmlnpnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ lirdn znrn

lnrun}nb ebe nlnb gibmebèln{elnb zibebmlnpnb zrh`ylpeqepn{ ziry{nfnnb"

@nre yrnenb {ebmlnp pir{ioyp# gnln zibyce{ gibdnonrlnb lirnbmln zeler unbm

nlnb èdnèlnb zimnbmnb `ncng zibicepenb ebe `ncng mngonr ?"? è on}nf ebe

4

Mngonr ?"?

Lirnbmln Zeler

ZP" Onlrei Picikhg Nrin Gnln{{nr

Lhgzib{n{e

Bhb'Aebnb{encAebnb{enc

Cnbm{ybm Pe`nl

Cnbm{ybm

Cebmlybmnb

Zilirdnnb

Zilirdnnb

Zrh`ylpeqepn{


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;6

?"=Fezhpi{e{

@ibmnb gibmnky zn`n yrnenb cnpnr oicnlnbm `nb zirgn{ncnfnb# gnln

`endylnb fezhpi{e{ {ionmne oirelyp4

>" Lhgzib{n{e Aebnb{enc `nb Lhgzib{n{e Bhb'Aebnb{enc oirzibmnryf

{embeaelnb pirfn`nz zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb"

?" Lhgzib{n{e Aebnb{enc giryznlnb qnrenoic unbm `hgebnb oirzibmnryf

{embeaelnb pirfn`nz zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb"


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;5

ONO EEE

GIPH@I ZIBICEPENB

;"> Chln{e `nb Hodil Zibicepenb

Unbm gibdnè hodil zibicepenb ebe n`ncnf ZP" Onlrei Picikhg unbm

pircipnl è Dncnb Ohbphcigznbmnb Bh" ;0 N'O Gnln{{nr# [ycn}i{e [icnpnb"

;"? Dibe{ `nb [ygoir @npn

N`nzyb dibe{ `npn unbm èmybnlnb `ncng zibicepenb ebe n`ncnf4

n" @npn Lyncepnpea n`ncnf `npn unbm oylnb `ncng oibpyl nbmln'nbmln npny pe`nl

`nznp èfepybm# `nb èzirhcif `nre fn{ec }n}nbknrn ìbmnb zegzebnb

ziry{nfnnb `nb lnrun}nb `ncng ziry{nfnnb {irpn ebahrgn{e'ebahrgn{e unbm

èzirhcif `nre zefnl cneb unbm oirlnepnb ìbmnb gn{ncnf unbm èpicepe"

o" @npn Lynbpepnpea n`ncnf `npn unbm èzirhcif `ncng oibpyl nbmln'nbmln

unbm `nznp èfepybm# unbm èzirhcif `nre lyi{ehbir unbm èonmelnb `nb

oirfyoybmnb ibmnb gn{ncnf unbm epicepe"

[ygoir `npn unbm èmybnlnb `ncng zibicepenb ebe pirère `nre `yn gnkng

unepy `npn zregir `nb `npn {ilybìr"

>" @npn Zregir n`ncnf `npn unbm èzirhcif zibyce{ gicncye ho{irqn{e npny

zibmngnpnb cnbm{ybm `nre ziry{nfnnb# onel epy gicncye ho{irqn{e#

lyi{ehbir `nb }n}nbknrn {iknrn cnbm{ybm ìbmnb zegzebnb `nb {pna

ziry{nfnnb {i{yne ibmnb lioypyfnb ncng zibicepenb ebe"

?" @npn [ilybìr n`ncnf `npn unbm èzirhcif pe`nl cnbm{ybm# unepy `npn

pir{ioyp ezirhcif zibyce{ nre `hlygib hlygib ziry{nfnnb `nb oyly

;5


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0:

oyly cepirnpyr unbm gigoirelnb ebahrgn{e pibpnbm lhgzib{n{e `nb

zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb"

;"; Giphì Zibmygzycnb @npn

Zrh{i{ zibmygzycnb `npn unbm èzircylnb `ncng zigonfn{nb ebe gicncye `yn

pnfnz zibicepenb# unepy4

>" [pyè Lizy{pnlnnb &Ceornru _i{inrkf%

[pyè lizy{pnlnnb èmybnlnb ybpyl gibmygzyclnb `npn {ilybìr `nre

ziry{nfnnb# cnb`n{nb pihre `nb ebahrgn{e unbm oirlnepnb ìbmnb zibicepenb

ebe ìbmnb knrn `hlygibpn{e" [pyè ècnlylnb nbpnrn cneb ìbmnb

gibmygzyclnb `npn unbm oir{ygoir `nre cepirnpyrcepirnpyr# onfnb lycenf#

`nb fn{ec zibicepenb cnebbun unbm n`n fyoybmnbbun ìbmnb hodil

zibicepenb" Fnc ebe ècnlylnb ybpyl gib`nznplnb pngonfnb zibmipnfynb

gibmibne gn{ncnf unbm {i`nbm èonfn{"

?" [pyè Cnznbmnb &Aeic` _i{inrkf%

@ncng zibicepenb ebe zibyce{ gibmygzyclnb `npn unbm èzircylnb ìbmnb

knrn gicnlylnb zibmngnpnb cnbm{ybm zn`n ziry{nfnnb unbm

oir{nbmlypnb# onel gicncye ho{irqn{e# zibuionrnb lyi{ehbir lizn`n znrn

zimn}ne# `nb }n}nbknrn"

Zibicepenb Cnznbmnb ècnlylnb ìbmnb knrn 4

n" ]n}nbknrn n`ncnf giphì ybpyl gib`nznplnb `npn ìbmnb knrn

gicnlylnb pnbun dn}no {iknrn cnbm{ybm ìbmnb zefnl'zefnl unbm

oir{nbmlypnb mybn gib`nznplnb `npn `nb lipirnbmnb unbm gibybdnbm

nbnce{e{ ncng zibicepenb"


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o" Ho{irqn{e n`ncnf pilbel zibmygzycnb `npn ìbmnb knrn gicnlylnb

zibmngnpnb cnbm{ybm zn`n houil unbm èpicepe {ifebmmn èzirhcif

mngonrnb unbm dicn{ gibmibne gn{ncnf unbm èfn`nze"

k" Lyi{ehbir# n`ncnf zibmygzycnb `npn ìbmnb knrn gibuionrlnb `napnr

zirpnbunnb lizn`n ri{zhbìb unbm ednèlnb {ionmne {ngzic zibicepenb"

;"0 Zhzycn{e `nb [ngzic Zibicepenb

[ymeuhbh &?::6 4 >>9% gibmigylnlnb onf}n zhzycn{e n`ncnf }ecnunf

mibirnce{n{e unbm pirère npn{ hodil ( `{yodil# unbm gigzybune lyncepn{ `nb

lnrnlpire{pel pirpibpy unbm èpipnzlnb hcif zibicepe ybpyl èzicndnre `nb ligyènb

èpnrel li{egzycnbbun" [i`nbmlnb {ngzic# gibyryp [ymeuhbh &?::6 4 >>1% n`ncnf

onmenb `nre dygcnf `nb lnrnlpire{pel unbm ègecele hcif zhzycn{e pir{ioyp" @ncng

zibicepenb ebe# dygcnf zhzycn{e unlbe li{icyryfnb lnrun}nb ZP" Onlrei Picikhg

Nrin Gnln{{nr unbm oirdygcnf ;? hrnbm lnrun}nb" Ligyènb# èlnribnlnb

dygcnf zhzycn{e unbm likec# gnln nlnb èmybnlnb pilbel[ngzcebm Dibyf ègnbn

{icyryf lnrun}nb unbm oirdygcnf ;? hrnbm ebe nlnb zibyce{ dnèlnb {ionmne

{ngzic ncng zibicepenb"

;"9 Giphì Nbnce{e{

Ybpyl gigoylpelnb fezhpi{e{ unbm picnf èligylnlnb gnln `ncng

zibicepenb ebe emybnlnb 4

;"9"> Nbnce{e{ @i{lrezpea Lynbpepnpea

Nbnce{e{ ì{lrezpea lynbpepnpea" Giryznlnb giphì unbm oirpydynb

gibmyonf lygzycnb `npn gibpnf gibdnè oibpyl unbm gy`nf

èznfnge# `ncng oibpyl ebahrgn{e unbm rebmln{# ègnbn fn{ec


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zibicepenb oi{irpn nbnce{nbun èyrnelnb `ncng {ynpy pyce{nb ecgenf

unbm gnbn `nre nbnce{n pir{ioyp nlnb èoibpyl {ynpy li{egzycnb"

;"9"? Nbnce{e{ Lynbpepnpea

>%@ncng gibmipnfye fyoybmnb `nb zibmnryf nbpnrn lignbannpnb

`nb ligy`nfnb zibmmybnnb pilbhchme ebahrgn{e ìbmnb lebirdn

lnrun}nb èmybnlnb pilbel nbnce{e{ rimri{e oirmnb`n# ybpyl

gibmipnfye oi{nrbun zibmnryf {iknrn lynbpepnpea `nre {ynpy

ziryonfnb &qnrenoic V% pirfn`nz lidnènb cnebbun &qnrenoic U%"

Nbnce{e{ rimri{e gibmmybnlnb rygy{ zir{ngnnb rimri{e oirmnb`n

{izirpe unbm èlypez `ncng [ymeuhbh &?::64 ?==%# unepy 4

U7 n,o>V>,o?V?

@egnbn 4

U 7 Qnrenoic ìzibìb# unepy Zrh`ylpeqepn{

V> 7 Qnrenoic ebìzibìb# unepy Lhgzib{n{e Aebnb{enc

V? 7 Qnrenoic ebìzibìb# unepy Lhgzib{n{e Bhb'Aebnb{enc

n 7 Lhb{pnbpn unbm giryznlnb rnpn'rnpn becne U zn`n {nnp becne V>

`nb V? {ngn ìbmnb bhc

o> 7 lhiae{eib rimri{e znr{enc# gibmylyr rnpn'rnpn becne U ybpyl penz

ziryonfnb V> ìbmnb gibmnbmmnz V? lhb{pnb"

o? 7 lhiae{eib rimri{e znr{enc# gibmylyr rnpn'rnpn becne U ybpyl penz

ziryonfnb V? ìbmnb gibmnbmmnz V> lhb{pnb"


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0;

?%Nbnce{e{ Lhiae{eib @ipirgebn{e &_?%

Zn`n ghìc cebinr oirmnb`n ebe# nlnb ècefnp oi{nrbun lhbpreoy{e

ybpyl qnrenoic oion{ {iknrn oir{ngn'{ngn pirfn`nz qnrenoic

pirelnpbun ìbmnb gicefnp oi{nrbun lhiae{eib ìpirgebn{e phpncbun

&_?%" Deln &_

?% unbm èzirhcif gibìlnpe > &{npy% gnln `nznp

èlnpnlnb {ignleb lynp ghìc pir{ioyp gibirnbmlnb fyoybmnb

qnrenoic oion{ pirfn`nz qnrenoic pirelnp" [ioncelbun deln &_?% gnleb

gibìlnpe : &bhc% gnln {ignleb cignf zibmnryf qnrenoic'qnrenoic

oion{ pirfn`nz qnrenoic pirelnp"

;%Yde A &Yde [irigznl%

Yde ebe èmybnlnb ybpyl gibmipnfye zibmnryf oir{ngn'{ngn

qnrenoic oion{ pirfn`nz qnreoic pirelnp" @egnbn Afepybm 2 Apnoic# gnln

F> èpiregn npny {iknrn oir{ngn'{ngn qnrenoic oion{ `nznp

gibirnbmlnb qnrenoic pirelnpbun {iknrn {iribpnl" [ioncelbun

nznoecn Afepybm 3 Apnoic# gnln F: èpiregn npny {iknrn oir{ngn'{ngn

qnrenoic oion{ pe`nl gigecele zibmnryf pirfn`nz qnrenoic pirelnp"

Ybpyl gibmipnfye {embeaelnb npny pe`nl zibmnryf {iknrn oir{ngn'

{ngn qnrenoic oion{ pirfn`nz qnrenoic pirelnp gnln èmybnlnb

zrhonoecepu {ioi{nr 9) &7 :#:9%"

Deln {em 2 &:#:9%# gnln F: èpiregn F> èphcnl"

Deln {em 3 &:#:9%# gnln F: èphcnl F> èpiregn"


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00

0%Yde P &Yde Znr{enc%

Yde ebe èmybnlnb ybpyl gibmipnfye nznlnf gn{ebm'gn{ebm

qnrenoic oion{bun {iknrn {ibère'{ibère oirzibmnryf {iknrn

{embeaelnb pirfn`nz qnrenoic pirelnpbun" @egnbn Ppnoic 2 Pfepybm# F:

èpiregn" @nb deln Ppnoic 3 Pfepybm# gnln F> èpiregn# oimepyzyb deln

{em 2 &:#:9%# gnln F: èpiregn F> èphcnl `nb deln {em 3 &:#:9%#

gnln F: èphcnl F> èpiregn"

;"9"; Zibmylyrnb Eb{prygib Zibicepenb

Gibyryp [ymeuhbh &?::6 4 >;?% {lncn Celirp èmybnlnb ybpyl

gibmylyr {elnz# zib`nznp# `ng zir{iz{e {i{ihrnbm npny {ilichgzhl

hrnbm pibpnbm aibhgibn {h{enc" [ifebmmn ybpyl gibmipnfye

zibmylyrnb dn}nonb ri{zhbìb zn`n zibicepenb ebe unbm gnbn

gibmmybnlnb eb{prygibp zibicepenb oiryzn lye{ehbir# zibyce{

gibmmybnlnb giphì {lncn Celirp &Celirp{ [yggnpi` _npebm{%"

@ncng zibmylyrnb dn}nonb ri{zhbìb# zibme{enb lyi{ehbir

lignbannpnb `nb ligy`nfnb zibmmybnnb pilbhchme ebahrgn{e

pirfn`nz lebirdn lnrun}nb èylyr ìbmnb gibmmybnlnb {lncn celirp#

ìbmnb pebmlnpnb {ionmne oirelyp 4

>" Dn}nonb [nbmnp [ipydy èoire ohohp 9

?" Dn}nonb [ipydy èoire ohohp 0

;" Dn}nonb _nmy'rnmy èoire ohohp ;

0" Dn}nonb Pe`nl [ipydy èoire ohohp ?

9" Dn}nonb [nbmnp Pe`nl [ipydy èoire ohohp >


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09

Eb{prygib zibicepenb &lye{ehbir% unbm onel fnry{ gigibyfe

zir{unrnpnb unepy qnce` `nb ricenoic" Ybpyl gibmipnfye qnceèpn{ `nb

ricenoecepn{ lyi{ehbir zircy ècnlylnb zibmydenb npn{ lye{ehbir ìbmnb

gibmmybnlnb yde qnceèpn{ `nb yde ricenoecepn{" Lnribn qnceèpn{ `nb

ricenoecepn{ ebe oirpydynb ybpyl gibmyde nznlnf lyi{ehbir unbm

è{ionrlnb ybpyl gib`nznplnb `npn zibicepenb n`ncnf qnce` `nb

ricenoic# gnln ybpyl epy# zibyce{ dymn nlnb gicnlylnb li`yn yde ebe

pirfn`nz eb{prygib zibicepenb &lye{ehbir%

>" Yde ricenoecepn{ ègnl{y`lnb ybpyl gibmylyr {ynpy lyi{ehbir unbm

giryznlnb ebèlnphr `nre qnrenoic" _inoecepn{ èylyr ìbmnb yde

{pnpe{pel krhbonkf{ nczfn &%" [ynpy qnrenoic èlnpnlnb ricenoic

deln gigoirelnb becne krhbonkf nczfn 2 :#1:"

?" Yde qnceèpn{ èmybnlnb ybpyl gibmylyr {nf npny qnce` pe`nlbun

{ynpy lyi{ehbir" Yde qnceèpn{ ècnlylnb ìbmnb gicnlylnb lhricn{e

oeqnrenpi nbpnrn gn{ebm'gn{ebm {lhr ebèlnphr ìbmnb phpnc {lhr

qnrenoic"

;"1 @iaebe{e Hzirn{ehbnc Qnrenoic

>" Lhgzib{n{e Aebnb{enc n`ncnf {igyn zib`nznpnb unbm oiroibpyl ynbm npny

onrnbm cnbm{ybm gnyzyb pe`nl cnbm{ybm unbm èpiregn lnrun}nb {ionmne

egoncnb npn{ dn{n unbm picnf èoirelnb lizn`n ziry{nfnnb# unbm pironme

npn{ lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc cnbm{ybm `nb lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc pe`nl

cnbm{ybm &Gncnuy ["Z" Fn{eoynb%"


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01

?" Lhgzib{n{e Bhb'Aebnb{enc n`ncnf oncn{ dn{n unbm èoirelnb ziry{nfnnb

lizn`n lnrun}nbbun oylnb `ncng oibpyl ynbm# nlnb pipnze oiroibpyl

lizyn{nb unbm pirknlyz `ncng n{zil z{elhchme{ unbm pironme npn{

lhgzib{n{e bhb'aebnb{enc unbm oirfyoybmnb ìbmnb zilirdnnb `nb

lhgzib{n{e bhb'aebnb{enc unbm oirfyoybmnb ìbmnb cebmlybmnb lirdn" &_"

]nubi Ghbù%"

;" Zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrun}nb n`ncnf fn{ec lhbmlrep &zrh`yl% unbm `nznp èdync

hcif ebèqe`y npny lichgzhl# {icngn {npynb }nlpy pirpibpy `ncng {ynpy

zrh{i{ lirdn" @ncng fnc ebe# {ignleb pebmme zibdyncnb zrh`yl `ncng }nlpy

unbm {ignleb {ebmlnp `nznp èlnpnlnb onf}n pebmlnp zrh`ylpeqepn{bun

gigzybune becne unbm pebmme oimepyzyb {ioncelbun" &Pdypdy Uybenr{ef%"


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0=

Pnoic ;">

Qnrenoic Zibicepenb `nb @iaebe{e Hzirn{nehbnc

Qnrenoic @iaebe{e Hzirn{ehbnc Ebèlnphr

Lhgzib{n{e Aebnb{enc

&V>%

[igyn zib`nznpnb unbm

oiroibpyl ynbm npny

onrnbm cnbm{ybm gnyzyb

pe`nl cnbm{ybm unbm

èpiregn lnrun}nb

{ionmne egoncnb npn{ dn{n

unbm picnf eoirelnb

lizn`n ziry{nfnnb# unbmpironme npn{ lhgzib{n{e

aebnb{enc cnbm{ybm nb

lhgzib{n{e aebnb{enc

pe`nl cnbm{ybm

>" Yznf?" Mnde;" Lhge{e0" Ohby{9" Pybdnbmnb Li{ifnpnb1" Pybdnbmnb Zib{eyb

=" Pybdnbmnb Zibèèlnb6" Pybdnbmnb Zirygnfnb5" PF_

Lhgzib{n{e Bhb'

Aebnb{enc &V?%

Oncn{ dn{n unbm èoirelnb

ziry{nfnnb lizn`n

lnrun}nbbun oylnb

`ncng oibpyl ynbm# nlnb

pipnze oiroibpyllizyn{nb unbm pirknlyz

`ncng n{zil z{elhchme{

unbm pironme npn{

lhgzib{n{e bhb'aebnb{enc

unbm oirfyoybmnb

ìbmnb zilirdnnb `nb

lhgzib{n{e bhb'aebnb{enc

unbm oirfyoybmnb

ìbmnb cebmlybmnb lirdn

>" Lioednlnb Ziry{nfnnbunbm {ifnp

?" Zilirdnnb unbm {i{yne#

gibnrel nb gibnbpnbm;" Zicynbm ybpyl

èzrhgh{elnb

0" Zigoirenb dnonpnb{ionmne {ugohc {pnpy{

9" _ilnb lirdn({yn{nbnlirdn unbm lhb`y{ea

1" Cebmlybmnb lirdn unbm{ifnp# ngnb `nb bungnb

=" An{ecepn{ lirdn unbm onel

Zrh`ylpeqepn{ &U%Fn{ec lhbmlrep &zrh`yl%unbm èdync hcif ebèqe`y

npny lichgzhl# {icngn

{npynb }nlpy pirpibpy

`ncng {ynpy zrh{i{ lirdn

>" Pebmlnp lifnèrnb?" Pebmlnp zibuici{nenb

zilirdnnb

;" Iailpeqepn{ nb iae{eib{e}nlpy

0" @e{ezceb lirdn


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06

ONO EQ

MNGON_NB YGYG ZI_Y[NFNNB

0">"[idnrnf [ebmlnp Ziry{nfnnb

Zir{irhnb èèrelnb `ncng zibnbngnb Gh`nc `ncng Bimire ìbmnb bngn

ZP" _nèh Picizhb Eb`hbi{en &_ipiceb`h%" Zir{irhnb èbunpnlnb gycne oirhzirn{e

{iknrn lhgir{enc zn`n oycnb Bhqigoir >559" Zir{irhnb giryznlnb zichzhr

hzirnphr dnrebmnb pnbzn lnoic è Eb`hbi{en ìbmnb {zikpryg arilyib{e NGZ['N

&6?9'6;9Gft%# `nb gigecele }ecnunf ce{ib{e fngzer è {icyryf Eb`hbi{en"

Bngyb zn`n pnbmmnc ?= Nzrec ?::> ziry{nfnnb giryonf {pnpy{bun `nre

Zir{irhnb Pironpn{ unbm èèrelnb `ncng rnbmln ZG@B gibdnè Zir{irhnb

Pironpn{ unbm èèrelnb `ncng rnbmln Zibnbngnb Gh`nc N{ebm &ZGN%"

Ziry{nfnnb gibdncnblnb limenpnb y{nfn `ncng oe`nbm zibuiènnb {nrnbn `nb

zibuicibmmnrnnb dn{n picilhgybeln{e {ngoybmnb picizhb cebpn{ rnèh ìbmnb

pilbhchme I'P@GN `nb K@GN"

Zn`n pnbmmnc >6 {izpigoir ?::;" Zir{irhnb oirmnbpe bngn gibdnè ZP"

Onlrei Picikhg" Oir`n{nrlnb Nlpn Bhpnre{ Ecgyn}nb @ilrep [yznpgh# ["F" Bh"

>9 pnbmmnc >6 {izpigoir ?::;" Ziryonfnb bngn pir{ioyp oircnly iailpea ìbmnb

èzirhcifbun zir{ipydynb `nre Gibpire Lifnlegnb `nb Fnl N{n{e Gnby{en

_izyocel Eb`hbi{en"Zir{irhnb gigecele edeb zibuicibmmnrnnb dnrebmnb Pipnz

Chlnc `nb edeb Zibuicibmmnrnnb Dn{n Picizhb @n{nr" Oir`n{nrlnb [yrnp

Lizypy{nb Gibpire Zirfyoybmnb _izyocel Eb`hbi{en pnbmmnc ?9 Nmy{py{ ?::0#

edeb pir{ioyp èoirelnb ybpyl gibuicibmmnrnlnb dnrebmnb pipnz chlnc ìbmnb nl{i{

06


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05

rnèh `nb zibuicibmmnrnnb dn{n picizhb `n{nr lizn`n zir{irhnb" Ybpyl

zibuicibmmnrnnb dnrebmnb pipnz chknc ìbmnb nl{i{ gibmmybnlnb prnb{ge{e

michgonbm rnèh zn`n zepn arilyib{e 6?9GF t' 6;9 GFt oirzn{nbmnb ìbmnb

6=: GFt' 66: GFt" `nb zn`n oycnb Aiorynre ?::1# zir{irhnb pirknpnp è Znznb

Ypngn Oyr{n Iail Dnlnrpn unbm {ilnrnbm picnf oirmnbpe bngn gibdnè Oyr{n Iail

Eb`hbi{en" Zir{irhnb picnf gigzirhcif edeb Zibuicibmmnrnnb Dn{nNl{i{ Ebpirbip

zn`n pnbmmnc ? gnrip ?::= oir`n{nrlnb Lizypy{nb @erilphrnp Dib`rnc Zh{ `nb

Picilhgybeln{e" @ibmnb n`nbun edeb ebe# gnln zir{irhnb nznp gibuicibmmnrnlnb

dn{n nl{i{ ebpirbip"

[icneb epy# zn`n pnbmmnc >9 dybe ?::=# zir{irhnb gigzirhcif edeb

Zibuicibmmnrnnb Dnrebmnb Picizhb Chlnc pnbzn lnoic ìbmnb ghoecepn{ pironpn{

ìbmnb ]ecnunf Ebahrgn{e _izyocel Eb`hbi{en pnbmmnc >9 dybe ?::=" @ibnmnb

zirhcifnb edeb pir{ioyp# zir{irhnb `nznp gibuicibmmnrnlnb dnrebmnb `nb dn{n

picilhgybeln{e e {icyryf }ecnunf _izyocel Eb`hbi{en"

0"?"Qe{e `nb Ge{e Ziry{nfnnb

@ncng gibdncnblnb limenpnb y{nfnbun ZP" Onlrei Picikhg" Pol

gigzybune qe{e `nb ge{e unepy4

QE[E4

Lnge ebmeb gibkezpnlnb life`yznb unbm cioef onel cnme onme hrnbm'hrnbm

Eb`hbi{en# ìbmnb knrn gibuiènlnb lhbilpeqepn{ ebahrgn{e giriln" Lnribn

ìbmnb gibebmlnplnb nl{i{ gn{unrnlnp li `yben cynr nlnb gigoir`nunlnb

giriln ybpyl gibknzne life`yznb unbm cioef onel"


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GE[E4

lnge nlnb gibmelype {prnpime zirpygoyfnb oir`n{nrlnb knrn ybel lnge

gigoynp {ynpy ebhqn{e# gicnunbe zicnbmmnb zir{e{ ìbmnb unbm nzn giriln unbm

ebmeblnb# {irpn fnrmn unbm pirdnbmlny `nb lhbilpeqepn{ ebahrgn{e unbm pebmme"

Onlrei picikhg nlnb piry{ gigzircyn{ dnrebmnbbun è{icyryf Eb`hbi{en#

gi}ydy`lnb qe{ebun ybpyl gibdnè onmenb zibpebm `nre life`yznb {ifnre'fnre

gn{unrnlnp Eb`hbi{en"

0";"[prylpyr Hrmnbe{n{e Ziry{nfnnb

Oirelyp n`ncnf {prylpyr Hrmnbe{n{e I{en Nrin Gnln{{nr 4

Mngonr 0">

[prylpyr Hrmnbe{n{e Ziry{nfnnb ZP" Onlrei Picikhg Nrin Gnln{{nr

[ygoir 4 ZP" Onlrei Picikhg Nrin Gnln{{nr

[zq

gnrlipebm


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9>

N`nzyb Pymn{ `nre gn{ebm'gn{ebm zh{e{e {ionmne oirelyp 4

>" Fin` Nrin 4

n" Oirpnbmmybm dn}no zibyf npn{ zirpygoyfnb zicnbmmnb e Nrin Gnln{{nr"

o" Gigoynp zrhmrng'zrhmrng unbm oir{eanp gibngonf dygcnf zicnbmmnb"

k" Gibkezpnlnb lirdn{ngn'lirdn{ngn nbpnr ziry{nfnnb"

`" Oirpnbmmybm dn}no npn{ Ornb` I{en nmnr pipnz è gebnpe hcif gn{unrnlnp

cyn{"

i" Gibdnmn fyoybmnb onel ìbmnb geprn oe{be{ `nb zefnl ivpirbnc"

a" Gigoynp `nb gibmereglnb cnzhrnb zrhmrng `nb nlpeqepn{ è Nrin

Gnln{{nr unbm oicyg `nb {y`nf è dncnblnb lizn`n lnbphr zy{np"

?" [ZQ Nrin 4

n" Oirpnbmmybm dn}no zibyf npn{ zirpygoyfnb zicnbmmnb è Nrin Gnln{{nr "

o" Gigoynp zrhmrng unbm oir{eanp gibngonf dygcnf zicnbmmnb"

k" Gibdnmn lipir{iènnb zrh`yl I{en e nrin Gnln{{nr"

`" Gigoynp `nb gibmereglnb cnzhrnb zrhmrng nlpeqepn{ unbm oicyg `nb

{y`nf è dncnblnb lizn`n Fin` Nrin

;" [ZQ Gnrlipebm 4


o" Gigoynp {ynpy zrhmrng npny limenpnb unbm oirpydynb ybpyl

gigzirgy`nf ping {nci{ nb gicnlylnb zibdyncnb"

k" Gigoynp {ynpy zrhmrng npny limenpnb unbm {eanpbun gigoirepnfylnb

lizn`n gn{unrnlnp pibpnbm I{en `nb zrhmrng'zrhmrng unbm {i`nbm

oirdncnb"


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9?

`" Gibdnmn nmnr Ornb` I{en gnleb è gebnpe hcif gn{unrnlnp cyn{"

i" Gibdnceb fyoybmnb onel ibmnb pignb'pignb Gièn"

a" Gigoynp `nb gibmereglnb cnzhrnb npn{ zrhmrng `nb nlpeqepn{ unbm oicyg

`nb {y`nf è dncnblnb"

0" [ZQ Kfnbbic 4

n" Oirpnbmmybm dn}no zibyf npn{ zirpygoyfnb zicnbmmnb e Nrin Gnln{{nr

o" Oirpnbmmybm dn}no npn{ zibdyncnb lizn`n zefnl ivpirbnc &@incir I{en%"

k" Gibmnpyr `nb gibdnmn lipir{iènnb zrh`yl I{en è my`nbm ivpirbnc

&@incir I{en% nmnr pe`nl pirdnè licioefnb `nb lilyrnbmnb"

`" Gigoynp zrhmrng unbm oir{eanp gibngonf zigoicenb `nre zefnl ivpirbnc

&@incir I{en% nb gibngonf zicnbmmnb

i" Gigoynp `nb gibmereglnb cnzhrnb zrhmrng unbm oicyg `nb {y`nf è

dncnblnb lizn`n Fin` Nrin"

9" [ZQ @[ 4


o" Gibkezpnlnb lirdn {ngn lizn`n zefnl ivpirbnc &Knrriahyr `nb zn{nr'zn{nr

[}ncnunb% nmnr gny elyp gibdync zrh`yl I{en"

k" Gigoynp zrhmrng unbm oir{eanp gibngonf zicnbmmnb unbm `npnbm li

Mirne I{en

`" Oirpnbmmybm dn}no npn{ zibdyncnb unbm ècnlylnb cnbm{ybm lizn`n

zicnbmmnb I{en

i" Gigoynp lirdn {ngn lizn`n ziry{nfnnb oe{be{ unbm n`n è Nrin

Gnln{{nr"


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9;

a" Gigoynp `nb gibmereglnb cnzhrnb lizn`n Fin` Nrin npn{ {igyn

nlpeqepn{ unbm oicyg `nb {y`nf è dncnblnb"

1" [pnaa [nci{ 4


o" Gibè{preoy{elnb zrh`yl I{en li hypcip'hypcip è Nrin Gnln{{nr"

k" Gibdnmn fyoybmnb onel ibmnb zefnl hypcip"

`" Gibdncnblnb zrhmrng unbm picnf è {ipydye"

i" Gigoynp `nb gibmereglnb cnzhrnb nlpeqepn{ `nb zrhmrng lizn`n [ZQ

Nrin"

=" [nci{ [yzzhrp 4


o" Gib{yzzhrp {imncn lioypyfnb {pnaa {nci{ ybpyl {igyn nlpeqepn{ `nb

zrhmrng unbm è dncnblnb è Nrin Gnln{{nr"

k" Gigoynp `nb gibmereglnb cnzhrnb npn{ nlpeqepn{ `nb zrhmrng unbm oicyg

`nb {y`nf è dncnblnb lizn`n [ZQ Nrin"

6" [pnaa Kfnbbic 4

n" Oirpnbmmybm dn}no zibyf npn{ zirpygoyfnb zicnbmmnb unbm pirdnè è

Nrin Gnln{{nr"

o" Gibè{preoy{elnb zrh`yl lizn`n zefnl ivpirbnc &@incir I{en%

k" Gighbephrebm `nb gigoynp cnzhrnb npn{ zibknznenb zrhmrng `nb

nlpeqepn{ unbm {i`nbm oirdncnb lizn`n [ZQ Kfnbbic"


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5" [pnaa Ncp 4


o" Gibdnmn `nb gibè{preoy{elnb zrh`yl I{en lizn{nr'zn{nr [}ncnunb

&Knriahyr`nb Gebe Gnrlip% è Nrin Gnln{{nr"

k" Gigoynp `nb gibmereglnb cnzhrnb npn{ lipir{iènnb zrh`yl I{en è

zn{nr'zn{nr [}ncnunb &Knriahyr`nb Gebe Gnrlip% lizn`n [ZQ @erikp

[iccebm"

>:"[pnaa Mirne 4


o" Oirpnbmmybm dn}no gicnunbe {imncn lioypyfnb `nb licyfnb zicnbmmnb

unbm `npnbm cnbm{ybm li Mirne I{en"

k" Gigoynp `nb gibmereglnb cnzhrnb nlpeqepn{ unbm pirdnè è Mirne lizn`n

[ZQ @erikp [iccebm"

>>"[pnaa _hn` 4


o" Gibknre pepl aevi` {zhp è pigznp lirngnenb ybpyl gicnlylnb zibdyncnb

cnbm{ybm lizn`n knchb zibmmybn I{en"

k" Gigoynp `nb gibmereglnb cnzhrnb zibknznenb npn{ limenpnb zibdyncnb

unbm oicyg `nb {y`nf ècnlylnb zn`n pepel'pepl aevi` {zhp lizn`n [ZQ

@erikp [iccebm"

>?"[pnaa Oy{{im 4


o" Gigoynp lirdn{ngn lizn`n ziry{nfnnb unbm n`n è Gnln{{nr"


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k" Gigzri{ibpn{elnb zrh`yl I{en è ziry{nfnnb ybpyl ligyènb gicnlylnb

zibdyncnb"

`" Gigoynp `nb gibmereglnb cnzhrnb npn{ nlpeqepn{ unbm oicyg `nb {y`nf

ècnlylnb è ziry{nfnnb lizn`n [ZQ @eri{kp [iccebm


69/115

91

ONO Q

NBNCE[E[ FN[EC @NB ZIGONFN[NB

9">"Nbnce{e{ `nb Zigonfn{nb Lnrnlpire{pel _i{zhb`ib

Zibicepenb ebe gibmyrnelnb gibmibne zibmnryf lhgzib{n{e pirfn`nz

zrh`ylpeqepn{ lnrunr}nb zn`n ZP" Onlrei Picikhg Nrin Gnln{{nr" Fnc ebe

oirpydynb ybpyl gi

PENGARUH KOMPENSASI TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KARYAWAN PADA PT. BAKRIE TELECOM AREA MAKASSAR

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