Multimedia Nusantara University
Transcript of Multimedia Nusantara University
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KATA PENGANTAR
Majapahit merupakan salah satu kerajaan besar yang pernah berdiri di
Nusantara. Luas Kerajaan Majapahit pun mencakup hingga seluruh Nusantara yang
meliputi Jawa, Bali, Sumatera, Kalimantan, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi hingga
Maluku. Kekuasaan wilayah kerajaan yang luas tak lepas dari peran Raja-Raja yang
berhasil menyatukan seluruh kerajaan di Nusantara. Nilai-nilai sejarah ini nantinya
Namun nilai-nilai sejarah ini kurang diminati dan dipedulikan oleh generasi
muda. Generasi muda lebih peduli dan minat pada budaya luar. Salah satu faktor
yang menyebabkan kurangnya minat generasi muda untuk mempelajari sejarah
adalah minimnya media informasi yang ada.
Penulis berpendapat bahwa perancangan media informasi dibutuhkan untuk
menambah wawasan generasi muda mengenai sejarah Kerajaan Majapahit
khususnya Raja-Raja Majapahit. Dengan adanya media informasi ini, penulis
berharap sejarah Raja-Raja Majapahit dapat dikenal dan dijadikan wisata sejarah
oleh generasi muda.
Ucapan terima kasih penulis ucapkan kepada pihak yang telah membantu
dalam merancang tugas akhir ini. Terima kasih penulis tujukan kepada :
1. Allah SWT. yang melimpahkan rahmat dan karunia-Nya yang telah
memberikan kelancaran selama perancangan Tugas Akhir ini.
2. Mohammad Rizaldi, S.T., M.Ds., selaku Ketua Program Studi Visual
Brand Design di Universitas Multimedia Nusantara
menjadi cikal bakal berdirinya Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia.
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3. Ken Natasha Violeta, S.Sn., M.Ds., selaku Dosen Pembimbing yang
selalu memberikan masukan serta membimbing penulis dalam setiap
proses perancangan Tugas Akhir ini.
4. Keluarga penulis yang telah membantu secara finansial, motivasi dan
doa dalam proses pengumpulan data perancangan Tugas Akhir ini.
5. Abiyu dan Dave, sahabat kecil penulis yang terus membantu dan
menyemangati penulis setiap saat
6. Tifanny, Christella dan Siti Alawiyah, sahabat penulis di UMN yang
menemani, memberi masukan dan pendapat, dan memberi semangat
untuk menyelesaikan laporan ini.
7. Bapak Abdul Rozak dari Museum Trowulan Mojokerto yang telah
memberikan informasi mendalam mengenai sejarah Kerajaan
Majapahit.
Tangerang, 29 Juni 2020
Muhammad Fadhlirahman
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ABSTRAKSI
Kerajaan Majapahit adalah salah satu kerajaan terbesar yang pernah berdiri di
Nusantara. Kebesaran Kerajaan Majapahit tidak lepas dari perjuangan Raja-Raja
yang berhasil menyatukan seluruh kerajaan di Nusantara. Nilai-nilai sejarah ini
yang nantinya menjadi cikal bakal berdirinya Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia.
Sayangnya nilai-nilai sejarah ini kurang dikenal dan diminati oleh generasi muda,
salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan hal ini adalah kurangnya media informasi.
Dengan ini, media informasi berupa buku ilustrasi mengenai sejarah Kerajaan
Majapahit akan menjadi media pendukung untuk generasi muda lebih mengenal
mengenai sejarah-sejarah tersebut. Demikian penulis memutuskan untuk
merancang berbagai kebutuhan buku ilustrasi sejarah Raja-Raja Majapahit melalui
ilustrasi dan visual baru yang diharapkan dapat membantu generasi muda lebih
mengenal sejarah Raja-Raja Kerajaan Majapahit.
Kata kunci : Kerajaan Majapahit, Buku Ilustrasi, Generasi Muda
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ABSTRACT
Majapahit Kingdom is one of the biggest kingdoms that ever stood in the
archipelago. The greatness of the Majapahit Kingdom cannot be separated from
the struggle of the Kings who succeeded in uniting all the kingdoms in the
Archipelago. These historical values which later became the forerunner to the
establishment of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia. Unfortunately these historical
values are less well known and in demand by the younger generation, one factor
that causes this is the lack of information media. With this, the information media
in the form of an illustrated book about the history of the Majapahit Kingdom will
become a supporting medium for the younger generation to get to know about these
histories. Thus the author decided to design various needs of the historical
illustration books of the Kings of Majapahit through new illustrations and visuals
that are expected to help the younger generation get to know the history of the Kings
of the Majapahit Kingdom.
Keywords: Majapahit Empire, Illustration Book, Young Generation
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DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN TIDAK MELAKUKAN PLAGIAT .................... II
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN TUGAS AKHIR ............................................... III
KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................... IV
ABSTRAKSI ........................................................................................................ VI
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ VII
DAFTAR ISI ..................................................................................................... VIII
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...................................................................................... 1
1.1. Latar Belakang .......................................................................................... 1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah ..................................................................................... 3
1.3. Batasan Masalah........................................................................................ 3
1.4. Tujuan Tugas Akhir .................................................................................. 4
1.5. Manfaat Tugas Akhir ................................................................................ 4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ........................................................................... 6
2.1. Media Informasi ........................................................................................ 6
2.1.1. Definisi Media Informasi ............................................................... 6
2.2. Perancangan Desain Grafis ....................................................................... 7
2.2.1. Elemen Desain .............................................................................. 7
2.2.1.1. Titik ............................................................................................... 7
2.2.1.2. Garis .............................................................................................. 7
2.2.1.3. Bentuk ........................................................................................... 8
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2.2.1.4. Warna ............................................................................................ 9
2.2.1.5. Tekstur ........................................................................................11
2.2.1.6. Tipografi .....................................................................................11
2.2.1.7. Layout .........................................................................................13
2.2.2. Prinsip Desain ............................................................................. 14
2.2.2.1. Kesatuan (Unity) ......................................................................14
2.2.2.2. Penekanan (Emphasis) ...........................................................15
2.2.2.3. Keseimbangan (Balance) ......................................................16
2.2.2.4. Irama (Rhythm) .........................................................................17
2.3. Buku Ilustrasi .......................................................................................... 18
2.3.1. Bentuk .......................................................................................... 21
2.3.2. Perspektif ..................................................................................... 20
2.3.3. Tokoh ........................................................................................... 21
2.3.4. Action ........................................................................................... 22
2.3.5. Perspektif Tokoh .......................................................................... 22
2.3.6. Komposisi .................................................................................... 23
2.3.7. Tokoh dan Penokohan .................................................................. 24
2.3.8. 3 Dimensioanl Character ............................................................. 26
2.4. Kerajaan Majapahit ................................................................................. 30
2.4.1. Raja-Raja Majapahit.................................................................... 31
2.4.1.1. Yang Mulya Sang Prabu Kertarejasa .................................31
2.4.1.2. Yang Mulya Sang Prabu Jayanegara .................................32
2.4.1.3. Yang Mulya Kanjeng Ratu Tribuwana TunggaDewi ...33
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2.4.1.4. Yang Mulya Prabu Hayam Wuruk .....................................34
2.4.1.5. Yang Mulya Prabu Wikrama Wardhana ...........................34
2.4.1.6. Yang Mulya Dyah Ayu Dewi Suhita .................................35
2.4.1.7. Yang Mulya(Kertawijaya)Prabu Brawijaya I ..................36
2.4.1.8. Yang Mulya(Rajasa Wardhana)Prabu Brawijaya II ......37
2.4.1.9. Yang Mulya(HyangPurwawisesa)Prabu Brawijaya III 37
2.4.1.10. Yang Mulya (Bhre Pandan Salas) Prabu Brawijaya IV38
2.4.1.11. Yang Mulya (Bhre Kertabumi) Prabu Brawijaya V ......39
BAB III METODOLOGI .................................................................................. 40
3.1. Metode Pengumpulan Data .................................................................... 40
3.1.1. Wawancara ................................................................................. 41
3.1.2. Kuesioner .................................................................................... 45
3.1.3. Studi Literatur ............................................................................. 48
3.2. Studi Referensi ........................................................................................ 49
3.2.1. Komik Pahlawan Islam : Shalahuddin Al-Ayyubi ..................... 49
3.2.2. Si Juki Seri Jalan-Jalan Nusantara : Petualangan di Belitung .. 50
3.2.3. 99 Pesan Nabi ............................................................................. 51
3.3. Metode Perancangan ............................................................................... 51
3.3.1. Perancangan Buku ...................................................................... 51
3.3.2. Ilustrasi ........................................................................................ 52
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BAB IV STRATEGI DAN ANALISIS PERANCANGAN ............................ 53
4.1. Strategi Perancangan ............................................................................... 53
4.1.1. Mindmap Perancangan ............................................................... 53
4.1.2. Brainstorming ............................................................................. 55
4.1.3. Perancangan Buku Ilustrasi ....................................................... 74
4.1.3.1. Konten Buku ................................................................... 75
4.1.3.2. Warna ............................................................................. 74
4.1.3.3. Tipografi ......................................................................... 76
4.1.3.4. Layout Buku ................................................................... 78
4.1.3.5. Judul Buku ...................................................................... 78
4.1.3.6. Sampul Buku .................................................................. 79
4.1.4. Perancangan Merchandise ......................................................... 81
4.1.4.1. Topi ................................................................................. 81
4.1.4.2. Tas Serut ......................................................................... 81
4.1.5. Perancangan Gimmick ................................................................ 82
4.1.5.1. Photocard Pack ............................................................... 82
4.1.6. Perancangan Media Promosi ..................................................... 83
4.1.6.1. Instagram Stories ........................................................... 83
4.1.6.2. X-Banner ......................................................................... 84
4.2. Analisis Perancangan .............................................................................. 86
4.2.1. Analisis Buku Ilustrasi ............................................................... 86
4.2.2. Analisis Media Promosi ............................................................ 135
4.2.3. Analisis Media Sekunder .......................................................... 137
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4.3. Budgeting .............................................................................................. 140
4.3.1. Budgeting Buku ........................................................................ 140
4.3.2. Budgeting Media Sekunder ...................................................... 142
BAB V PENUTUP ............................................................................................ 143
5.1. Kesimpulan ........................................................................................... 143
5.2. Saran ...................................................................................................... 144
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................... XXIII
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Iklan Televisi ....................................................................................... 7
Gambar 2.2 SPB membagikan brosur ..................................................................... 8
Gambar 2.3 fast motion line .................................................................................... 9
Gambar 2.4 speech balloon shape ........................................................................ 10
Gambar 2.5 warna primer ..................................................................................... 11
Gambar 2.6 warna sekunder .................................................................................. 12
Gambar 2.7 warna tersier ...................................................................................... 12
Gambar 2.8 tekstur dekorasi kayu ......................................................................... 13
Gambar 2.9 lettering dalam komik........................................................................ 14
Gambar 2.10 garis sebagai dasar komposisi ......................................................... 15
Gambar 2.11 huruf sebagai dasar komposisi ........................................................ 15
Gambar 2.12 geometris sebagai dasar komposisi ................................................. 16
Gambar 2.13 Unity dalam sampul komik ............................................................. 17
Gambar 2.14 Emphasis dalam komik ................................................................... 18
Gambar 2.15 Balance dalam sampul komik ......................................................... 19
Gambar 2.16 Visual Rhtythm dalam animasi Disney ........................................... 20
Gambar 2.17 Variasi Bentuk ................................................................................. 21
Gambar 2.18 Bentuk dasar menjadi ilustrasi ........................................................ 22
Gambar 2.19 One-Point Perspective ..................................................................... 22
Gambar 2.20 Figure .............................................................................................. 23
Gambar 2.21 Rangkaian gerakan tokoh ................................................................ 24
Gambar 2.22 Perspektif Tokoh ............................................................................. 25
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Gambar 2.23 Komposisi dalam komik ................................................................. 26
Gambar 2.24 Tokoh antagonis dalam Fantastic Four ........................................... 27
Gambar 2.25 Tokoh protagonis dalam Fantastic Four .......................................... 27
Gambar 2.26 Perbedaan Fisiologi dalam komik Marvel ...................................... 28
Gambar 2.27 Sosiologi dalam komik Marvel ....................................................... 29
Gambar 2.28 Psikologi Tony Stark digambarkan melalui emosinya .................... 30
Gambar 2.29 Ilustrasi Raden Wijaya .................................................................... 31
Gambar 2.30 Ilustrasi Jayanegara ......................................................................... 33
Gambar 2.31 Ilustrasi Hayam Wuruk ................................................................... 35
Gambar 2.32 Ilustrasi Wikramawardhana dan Kusumawardhani ......................... 36
Gambar 2.33 Ilustrasi Kertawijaya .......................................................................... 39
Gambar 3.1 Dokumentasi peninggalan Kerajaan Majapahit ................................ 44
Gambar 3.2 Wawancara bersama Bapak Abdul Rozak ........................................ 45
Gambar 3.3 Dokumentasi Juru Kunci Makam ...................................................... 46
Gambar 3.4 Makam Putri Cempo dan Brawijaya V ............................................. 47
Gambar 3.5 Rumus Slovin .................................................................................... 48
Gambar 3.6 tampilan kuesioner ............................................................................ 48
Gambar 3.7 hasil kuesioner 1 ................................................................................ 49
Gambar 3.8 hasil kuesioner 2 ................................................................................ 49
Gambar 3.9 Studi Literatur 1 ................................................................................ 50
Gambar 3.10 Studi Literatur 2 .............................................................................. 50
Gambar 3.11 Studi Literatur 3 .............................................................................. 51
Gambar 3.12 Cover Buku Komik Pahlawan Islam : Shalahuddin Al-Ayyubi ..... 51
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Gambar 3.13 Cover Buku Si Juki Seri JalanJalan Nusantara : Petualangan di
Belitung ................................................................................................................. 52
Gambar 4.1 Mindmapping .................................................................................... 56
Gambar 4.2 Moodboard ........................................................................................ 57
Gambar 4.3 Referensi visual karakter Bravi ......................................................... 58
Gambar 4.4 Sketsa Karakter Bravi ....................................................................... 58
Gambar 4.5 Bendera Majapahit ............................................................................ 59
Gambar 4.6 Digitalisasi Karakter Bravi ................................................................ 59
Gambar 4.7 Referensi Visual mesin waktu Bravi ................................................. 60
Gambar 4.8 Sketsa mesin waktu Bravi ................................................................. 60
Gambar 4.9 Digitalisasi mesin waktu Bravi ......................................................... 61
Gambar 4.10 Referensi visual karakter Jaya ......................................................... 61
Gambar 4.11 Sketsa karakter Jaya ........................................................................ 62
Gambar 4.12 Digitalisasi Karakter Jaya................................................................ 62
Gambar 4.13 Referensi Karakter Kertarajasa ....................................................... 63
Gambar 4.14 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Kertarajasa .................................... 63
Gambar 4.15 Referensi Karakter Jayanegara ........................................................ 64
Gambar 4.16 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Jayanegara .................................... 64
Gambar 4.17 Referensi Karakter Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi ....................... 65
Gambar 4.18 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi .... 65
Gambar 4.19 Referensi Karakter Hayam Wuruk .................................................. 65
Gambar 4.20 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Hayam Wuruk............................... 66
Gambar 4.21 Referensi Karakter Gajah Mada ...................................................... 66
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Gambar 4.22 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Gajah Mada .................................. 66
Gambar 4.23 Referensi Karakter Wikramawardhana ........................................... 67
Gambar 4.24 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Wikramawardhana ........................ 67
Gambar 4.25 Referensi Karakter Dewi Suhita ...................................................... 68
Gambar 4.26 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Dewi Suhita .................................. 68
Gambar 4.27 Referensi Karakter Kertawijaya ...................................................... 69
Gambar 4.28 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Kertawijaya ................................... 69
Gambar 4.29 Referensi Karakter Rajasawardhana ............................................... 69
Gambar 4.30 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Rajasawardhana ............................ 70
Gambar 4.31 Referensi Karakter Girisawardhana ................................................ 70
Gambar 4.32 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Girisawardhana ............................. 70
Gambar 4.33 Referensi Karakter Brawijaya IV .................................................... 71
Gambar 4.34 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Brawijaya IV................................. 71
Gambar 4.35 Referensi Karakter Brawijaya V ..................................................... 72
Gambar 4.36 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Brawijaya V .................................. 72
Gambar 4.37 Kateren ............................................................................................ 73
Gambar 4.38 Moodboard ...................................................................................... 74
Gambar 4.39 Font Anime Ace .............................................................................. 75
Gambar 4.40 Penggunaan font Anime Ace pada dialog ....................................... 76
Gambar 4.41 Font The Arivale ............................................................................. 76
Gambar 4.42 Penggunaan font The Arivale pada judul buku ............................... 76
Gambar 4.43 Sketsa Grid Modular ....................................................................... 77
Gambar 4.44 Judul Buku ...................................................................................... 78
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Gambar 4.45 Sketsa desain sampul buku .............................................................. 78
Gambar 4.46 Sketsa final desain sampul buku ..................................................... 79
Gambar 4.47 Desain Sampul Buku ....................................................................... 79
Gambar 4.48 Topi Bravi Jaya ............................................................................... 80
Gambar 4.49 Tas Serut Bravi Jaya ........................................................................ 81
Gambar 4.50 Photocard Pack Bravi Jaya ............................................................. 82
Gambar 4.51 Desain Instagram Stories ................................................................ 83
Gambar 4.52 Mockup Instagram Stories .............................................................. 83
Gambar 4.53 Desain X-Banner ............................................................................. 84
Gambar 4.54 Mockup X-Banner ........................................................................... 84
Gambar 4.55 Sampul Buku ................................................................................... 85
Gambar 4.56 Analisis Halaman Pembuka ............................................................ 86
Gambar 4.57 Analisis Halaman 1 ......................................................................... 87
Gambar 4.58 Analisis Halaman 2 ......................................................................... 88
Gambar 4.59 Analisis Halaman 3 ......................................................................... 88
Gambar 4.60 Analisis Halaman 4 ......................................................................... 89
Gambar 4.61 Analisis Halaman 5 ......................................................................... 89
Gambar 4.62 Analisis Halaman 6 ......................................................................... 90
Gambar 4.63 Analisis Halaman 7 ......................................................................... 91
Gambar 4.64 Analisis Halaman 8 ......................................................................... 91
Gambar 4.65 Analisis Halaman 9 ......................................................................... 92
Gambar 4.66 Analisis Halaman 10 ....................................................................... 93
Gambar 4.67 Analisis Halaman 11 ....................................................................... 93
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Gambar 4.68 Analisis Halaman 12 ....................................................................... 94
Gambar 4.69 Analisis Halaman 13 ....................................................................... 95
Gambar 4.70 Analisis Halaman 14 ....................................................................... 96
Gambar 4.71 Analisis Halaman 15 ....................................................................... 97
Gambar 4.72 Analisis Halaman 16 ....................................................................... 98
Gambar 4.73 Analisis Halaman 17 ....................................................................... 99
Gambar 4.74 Analisis Halaman 18 ..................................................................... 100
Gambar 4.75 Analisis Halaman 19 ..................................................................... 100
Gambar 4.76 Analisis Halaman 20 ..................................................................... 101
Gambar 4.77 Analisis Halaman 21 ..................................................................... 102
Gambar 4.78 Analisis Halaman 22 ..................................................................... 103
Gambar 4.79 Analisis Halaman 23 ..................................................................... 103
Gambar 4.80 Analisis Halaman 24 ..................................................................... 104
Gambar 4.81 Analisis Halaman 25 ..................................................................... 105
Gambar 4.82 Analisis Halaman 26 ..................................................................... 106
Gambar 4.83 Analisis Halaman 27 ..................................................................... 107
Gambar 4.84 Analisis Halaman 28 ..................................................................... 108
Gambar 4.85 Analisis Halaman 29 ..................................................................... 109
Gambar 4.86 Analisis Halaman 30 ..................................................................... 110
Gambar 4.87 Analisis Halaman 31 ..................................................................... 111
Gambar 4.88 Analisis Halaman 32 ..................................................................... 112
Gambar 4.89 Analisis Halaman 33 ..................................................................... 113
Gambar 4.90 Analisis Halaman 34 ..................................................................... 114
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Gambar 4.91 Analisis Halaman 35 ..................................................................... 115
Gambar 4.92 Analisis Halaman 36 ..................................................................... 116
Gambar 4.93 Analisis Halaman 37 ..................................................................... 117
Gambar 4.94 Analisis Halaman 38 ..................................................................... 118
Gambar 4.95 Analisis Halaman 39 ..................................................................... 119
Gambar 4.96 Analisis Halaman 40 ..................................................................... 119
Gambar 4.97 Analisis Halaman 41 ..................................................................... 120
Gambar 4.98 Analisis Halaman 42 ..................................................................... 121
Gambar 4.99 Analisis Halaman 43 ..................................................................... 122
Gambar 4.100 Analisis Halaman 44 ................................................................... 123
Gambar 4.101 Analisis Halaman 45 ................................................................... 123
Gambar 4.102 Analisis Halaman 46 ................................................................... 124
Gambar 4.103 Analisis Halaman 47 ................................................................... 125
Gambar 4.104 Analisis Halaman 48 ................................................................... 126
Gambar 4.105 Analisis Halaman 49 ................................................................... 127
Gambar 4.106 Analisis Halaman 50 ................................................................... 128
Gambar 4.107 Analisis Halaman 51-52 .............................................................. 129
Gambar 4.108 Analisis Halaman 53 ................................................................... 129
Gambar 4.109 Analisis Halaman 54 ................................................................... 130
Gambar 4.110 Analisis Halaman 55-58 .............................................................. 131
Gambar 4.111 Analisis Halaman 59 ................................................................... 131
Gambar 4.112 Analisis Halaman 60 ................................................................... 132
Gambar 4.113 Analisis Halaman Penutup .......................................................... 133
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Gambar 4.114 Analisis Halaman Sampul Belakang ........................................... 133
Gambar 4.115 Analisis instagram stories ........................................................... 134
Gambar 4.116 Analisis x-banner ........................................................................ 135
Gambar 4.117 Analisis topi ................................................................................ 136
Gambar 4.118 Analisis tas serut.......................................................................... 137
Gambar 4.119 Analisis Photocard Pack ............................................................ 137
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 4.1 Biaya Desain ....................................................................................... 139
Tabel 4.2 Biaya Cetak Buku ............................................................................... 139
Tabel 4.3 Biaya Cetak Cover .............................................................................. 140
Tabel 4.4 Perhitungan Harga Satuan Buku ......................................................... 141
Tabel 4.5 Media Sekunder .................................................................................. 142
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
LAMPIRAN A : KARTU BIMBINGAN ...................................................... XXV
LAMPIRAN B : SURAT IZIN WAWANCARA ...................................... XXVII