Modul Lengkap Jaringan Komputer Kampus

8/18/2019 Modul Lengkap Jaringan Komputer Kampus

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MODUL PRAKTIKUM JARINGAN KOMPUTER

“PEMBUATAN JARINGAN ANTAR KOMPUTER(AD-HOC)”

OLEH

DECKY ASPANDI LATIF NIM.0807055044

LABORATORIUM PERANGKAT KERAS

JURUSAN ILMU KOMPUTER

FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM

UNIVERSITAS MULAWARMAN

SAMARINDA

2011


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S!"#$% P&"''$ J"&*+"* K,$.&

1/ P.*+.&"* J"&*+"* #.%.& .*% .*%*"

2/ K.!"% OSI 3"* TCP4IP

5/ T647%.&" ',*%. R,$*+

8/ J.*% .*% .#"9" D""7%.&" %:" %:" "*+ 3!'/

;/ K$%

"&*+ :!. ?" LAN 3"* *.&*. WIFI @ LAN 3 L*$(U#$*$ 11/08)

/ B,#*+ E"! 3"* S*::*+ C,,'.10 U"* A'>&

P.&!.*+'""*

1/ K,$.&4L", 3.*+"* :"%!"% LAN 3"* WLAN

2/ K"#.! LAN7K,*.',& RJ8;7T&*+ 3"* T.%.&("3" .&.$"*

.&.*$)

Hal - 2.Praktik! "ari#$a# K%!&t'r(La)%rat%ri! P'ra#$kat K'ra*(20++


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P.&.$"* K. 1

D.:*% J"&*+"* K,$.&7B.%.&" J.*% .*%*"/

J"&*+"* ',$.& a,ala *')a *i*t'! a#$ t'r,iri ata* k%!&t'r( *%/tar' ,a# &'ra#$kat

1ari#$a# lai##a a#$ )'k'r1a )'r*a!a-*a!a #tk !'#a&ai *at t1a# a#$ *a!a. T1a# ,ari 1ari#$a# k%!&t'r a,ala3

M'!)a$i *!)'r ,aa3 %#t%#a )'r)a$i &'!akaia# &ri#t'r( CP( !'!%ri( ar,,i*k

K%!#ika*i3 %#t%#a *rat 'l'ktr%#ik( instant messaging ( chatting

Ak*'* i#/%r!a*i3 %#t%#a web browsing

A$ar ,a&at !'#a&ai t1a# a#$ *a!a( *'tia& )a$ia# ,ari 1ari#$a# k%!&t'r !'!i#ta ,a#!'!)'rika# laa#a# service6. Piak a#$ !'!i#ta!'#'ri!a laa#a# ,i*')t kli'# client 6 ,a#a#$ !'!)'rika#!'#$iri! laa#a# ,i*')t &'laa# server 6. Ar*it'ktr i#i ,i*')t ,'#$a# *i*t'!li'#t-*'r'r( ,a# ,i$#aka# &a,a a!&ir *'lr a&lika*i 1ari#$a# k%!&t'r.

9'r,a*arka# *kala 3

L%al Ar'a N't%rk LAN63 *at 1ari#$a# k%!&t'r a#$ !'#$)#$ka# *at k%!&t'r,'#$a# k%!&t'r lai# ,'#$a# 1arak a#$ t'r)ata*.

M'tr%&%lita#t Ar'a N't%rk MAN63 &ri#*i& *a!a ,'#$a# LAN( a#a *a1a 1arak#a l')ila*( ait +0-50 k!.

:i,' Ar'a N't%rk :AN63 1arak#a a#tar k%ta( #'$ara( ,a# )'#a. i#i *a!a ,'#$a#i#t'r#'t.

9'r,a*arka# /#$*i 3 Pa,a ,a*ar#a *'tia& 1ari#$a# k%!&t'r a,a a#$ )'r/#$*i *')a$ai li'#t ,a# 1$a *'r'r. T'ta&i a,a 1ari#$a# a#$ !'!iliki k%!&t'r a#$ k** ,i,',ika*ika# *')a$ai *'r'r

*',a#$ka# a#$ lai# *')a$ai li'#t. A,a 1$a a#$ ti,ak !'!iliki k%!&t'r a#$ k** )'r/#$*i*')a$ai *'r'r *a1a. Kar'#a it )'r,a*arka# /#$*i#a !aka a,a ,a 1'#i* 1ari#$a# k%!&t'r3

Cli'#t-*'r'r

Yait 1ari#$a# k%!&t'r ,'#$a# k%!&t'r a#$ ,i,',ika*ika# k** *')a$ai *'r'r.S')a *'ri'laa#a# )i*a ,i)'rika# %l' *')a k%!&t'r ata l')i. C%#t%#aa,ala *')a ,%!ai# *'&'rti .,'tik.%! a#$ ,ilaa#i %l' )a#ak k%!&t'r') *'r'r. Ata )i*a 1$a )a#ak *'ri'laa#a# a#$ ,i)'rika# %l' *at k%!&t'r.C%#t%#a a,ala *'r'r 1tk.&%l)a#.a.i, a#$ !'r&aka# *at k%!&t'r ,'#$a# !lti*'ri' ait !ail *'r'r( ') *'r'r( /il' *'r'r( ,ata)a*' *'r'r ,a# lai##a.

P''r-t%-&''r

Yait 1ari#$a# k%!&t'r ,i!a#a *'tia& %*t ,a&at !'#1a,i *'r'r ,a# 1$a !'#1a,ili'#t *'ara )'r*a!aa#. C%#t%#a ,ala! /il' *ari#$ a#tar k%!&t'r ,i "ari#$a#:i#,%* N't%rk N'i$)%r%%, a,a 5 k%!&t'r kita )'ri #a!a A(9(C(D ,a# E6a#$ !'!)'ri ak ak*'* t'ra,a& /il' a#$ ,i!iliki#a. Pa,a *at *aat A !'#$ak*'*/il' *ar' ,ari 9 )'r#a!a ,ata;#ilai.


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T%&%l%$i )*

T%&%l%$i )i#ta#$

T%&%l%$i i#i#

T%&%l%$i !'*

T%&%l%$i &%%#

T%&%l%$i li#i'r

9'r,a*arka# krit'ria#a( 1ari#$a# k%!&t'r ,i)',aka# !'#1a,i 4 ait3

+. 9'r,a*arka# ,i*tri)*i *!)'r i#/%r!a*i,ata

"ari#$a# t'r&*at

"ari#$a# i#i t'r,iri ,ari k%!&t'r kli'#t ,a# *'r'r a#$ !a#a k%!&t'r kli'#ta#$ )'r/#$*i *')a$ai &'ra#tara #tk !'#$ak*'* *!)'r i#/%r!a*i,ata a#$

)'ra*al ,ari *at k%!&t'r *'r'r

"ari#$a# t'r,i*tri)*i

M'r&aka# &'r&a,a# )')'ra&a 1ari#$a# t'r&*at *'i#$$a t'r,a&at )')'ra&ak%!&t'r *'r'r a#$ *ali#$ )'r)#$a# ,'#$a# kli'#t !'!)'#tk *i*t'!

1ari#$a# t'rt'#t.2. 9'r,a*arka# 1a#$kaa# $'%$ra/i* ,i)',aka# !'#1a,i3

"ari#$a# LAN

!'r&aka# 1ari#$a# a#$ !'#$)#$ka# 2 k%!&t'r ata l')i ,ala!ak&a# *'&'rti la)%rat%ri!( ka#t%r( *'rta ,ala! + ar#'t.

"ari#$a# MAN

M'r&aka# 1ari#$a# a#$ !'#ak& *at k%ta )'*ar )'*'rta ,a'ra *'t'!&at.C%#t%#a 1ari#$a# t'l'&%# l%kal( *i*t'! t'l'&%# *'ll'r( *'rta 1ari#$a# r'la

)')'ra&a ISP i#t'r#'t.

"ari#$a# :AN

M'r&aka# 1ari#$a# ,'#$a# ak&a# *'lr ,#ia. C%#t%#a 1ari#$a# PTT'lk%!( PT. I#,%*at( *'rta 1ari#$a# >SM S'll'r *'&'rti Sat'li#,%( T'lk%!*'l(,a# !a*i )a#ak la$i.

=. 9'r,a*arka# &'ra#a# ,a# )#$a# tia& k%!&t'r ,ala! !'!&r%*'* ,ata.

"ari#$a# Cli'#t-S'r'r

Pa,a 1ari#$a# i#i t'r,a&at + ata )')'ra&a k%!&t'r *'r'r ,a# k%!&t'rli'#t. K%!&t'r a#$ aka# !'#1a,i k%!&t'r *'r'r !a&# !'#1a,ik%!&t'r li'#t ,a# ,i)a-)a !'lali *%/tar' 1ari#$a# &a,a &r%t%k%l#a.K%!&t'r li'#t *')a$ai &'ra#tara #tk ,a&at !'#$ak*'* ,ata &a,a k%!&t'r

*'r'r *',a#$ka# k%!&t'r *'r'r !'#',iaka# i#/%r!a*i a#$ ,i&'rlka#%l' k%!&t'r li'#t.

"ari#$a# P''r-t%-&''r

Pa,a 1ari#$a# i#i ti,ak a,a k%!&t'r li'#t !a&# k%!&t'r *'r'r kar'#a*'!a k%!&t'r ,a&at !'lakka# &'#$iri!a# !a&# &'#'ri!aa# i#/%r!a*i*'i#$$a *'!a k%!&t'r )'r/#$*i *')a$ai li'#t *'kali$* *')a$ai *'r'r.

4. 9'r,a*arka# !',ia tra#*!i*i ,ata

"ari#$a# 9'rka)'l :ir', N't%rk6

Pa,a 1ari#$a# i#i( #tk !'#$)#$ka# *at k%!&t'r ,'#$a# k%!&t'r lai#,i&'rlka# &'#$)#$ )'r&a ka)'l 1ari#$a#. Ka)'l 1ari#$a# )'r/#$*i ,ala!!'#$iri! i#/%r!a*i ,ala! )'#tk *i#al li*trik a#tar k%!&t'r 1ari#$a#.



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"ari#$a# Nirka)'l:I-FI6

M'r&aka# 1ari#$a# ,'#$a# !',i! )'r&a $'l%!)a#$ 'l'ktr%!a$#'tik. Pa,a 1ari#$a# i#i ti,ak ,i&'rlka# ka)'l #tk !'#$)#$ka# a#tar k%!&t'rkar'#a !'#$$#aka# $'l%!)a#$ 'l'ktr%!a$#'tik a#$ aka# !'#$iri!ka#*i#al i#/%r!a*i a#tar k%!&t'r 1ari#$a#.

T$a* 3

+. Carila C%#t% "ari#$a# k%!&t'r &a,a *')a i#*ta#*i a#$ *,a,ii!&li!'#ta*ika#

2. "'la*ka#(t'r!a*k ,ari 1'#i* a&aka 1ari#$a# t'r*')t()'r,a*arka#

- *kala- /#$*i- t%&%l%$i- ,i*tri)*i *!)'r ,atai#/%r!a*i

- 1a#$kaa# $'%$ra/i*(- P'ra#a# )#$a# ,a#- tra#*!i*i ,ata(

=. K'!kaka# ala*a# a#,a.



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P.&.$"* '. 2

M,3.! OSI 3"* TCP4IP7P.*+.&"* %.&" :$*+%/

H)#$a# a#tara OSI ?'/'r'#' M%,'l( DA?PA ?'/'r'#' M%,'l ,a# stack protokol TCPIP

M,3.! &.:.&.*% "&*+"* .$'" OSI ata OSI Reference Model for open networking a,ala*')a !%,'l ar*it'ktral 1ari#$a# a#$ ,ik'!)a#$ka# %l' )a,a# I#t'r#ati%#al Or$a#i@ati%# /%rSta#,ar,i@ati%# ISO6 ,i Er%&a &a,a ta# +77. OSI *'#,iri !'r&aka# *i#$kata# ,ari Open

System Interconnection. M%,'l i#i ,i*')t 1$a ,'#$a# !%,'l BM,3.! $$> !"% OSIB OSI seven layer model 6.

S')'l! !#l#a !%,'l r'/'r'#*i OSI( *i*t'! 1ari#$a# k%!&t'r *a#$at t'r$a#t#$ k'&a,a &'!a*%k vendor 6. OSI )'r&aa !'!)'#tk *ta#,ar !! 1ari#$a# k%!&t'r #tk !'##1a#$i#t'r%&'rati)ilita* a#tar &'!a*%k a#$ )'r)',a. Dala! *at 1ari#$a# a#$ )'*ar )ia*a#a t'r,a&at

)a#ak &r%t%k%l 1ari#$a# a#$ )'r)',a. Ti,ak a,a#a *at &r%t%k%l a#$ *a!a( !'!)at )a#ak &'ra#$kat ti,ak )i*a *ali#$ )'rk%!#ika*i.

M%,'l r'/'r'#*i i#i &a,a aal#a ,it1ka# *')a$ai )a*i* #tk !'#$'!)a#$ka# &r%t%k%l-&r%t%k%l 1ari#$a#( !'*ki &a,a k'#ataa##a i#i*ati/ i#i !'#$ala!i k'$a$ala#. K'$a$ala# it ,i*')a)ka#%l' )')'ra&a /akt%r )'rikt3

Sta#,ar !%,'l r'/'r'#*i i#i( 1ika ,i)a#,i#$ka# ,'#$a# !%,'l r'/'r'#*i DA?PA M%,'lI#t'r#'t6 a#$ ,ik'!)a#$ka# %l' I#t'r#'t E#$i#''ri#$ Ta*k F%r' IETF6( *a#$at

)'r,'kata#. M%,'l DA?PA a,ala !%,'l )a*i* &r%t%k%l TCPIP a#$ &%&l'r ,i$#aka#.

M%,'l r'/'r'#*i i#i ,ia#$$a& *a#$at k%!&l'k*. 9')'ra&a /#$*i *'&'rti al#a !'t%,'k%!#ika*i %##'ti%#l'**6 ,ia#$$a& kra#$ )a$*( *'!'#tara /#$*i lai##a *'&'rti flowcontrol ,a# k%r'k*i k'*alaa#6 ,ila#$-la#$ &a,a )')'ra&a la&i*a#.

P'rt!)a# I#t'r#'t ,a# &r%t%k%l TCPIP *')a &r%t%k%l 1ari#$a# ,#ia #ata6 !'!)atOSI ?'/'r'#' M%,'l !'#1a,i kra#$ ,i!i#ati.

P'!'ri#ta A!'rika S'rikat !'#%)a #tk !'#,k#$ &r%t%k%l OSI ?'/'r'#' M%,'l ,ala!*%l*i 1ari#$a# &'!'ri#ta &a,a ta# +80-a#( ,'#$a# !'#$i!&l'!'#ta*ika# )')'ra&a *ta#,ara#$ ,i*')t ,'#$a# Government Open Systems Interconnection Profile >OSIP6. M'*ki,'!ikia#. *aa i#i akir#a ,iti#$$alka# &a,a ta# +5( ,a# i!&l'!'#ta*i 1ari#$a# a#$!'#$$#aka# OSI Reference model 1ara#$ ,i1!&ai ,i lar Er%&a.

OSI Reference Model &# akir#a ,iliat *')a$ai *')a !%,'l i,'al ,ari k%#'k*i l%$i* a#$ ar*t'r1a,i a$ar k%!#ika*i ,ata ,ala! 1ari#$a# ,a&at )'rla#$*#$. 9')'ra&a &r%t%k%l a#$ ,i$#aka#

,ala! ,#ia #ata( *'!aa! TCPIP( DEC#'t ,a# I9M S*t'!* N't%rk Arit'tr' SNA6!'!'taka# t!&ka# &r%t%k%l protocol stack 6 !'r'ka k' OSI Reference Model . OSI Reference

Model &# ,i$#aka# *')a$ai titik aal #tk !'!&'la1ari )a$ai!a#a )')'ra&a &r%t%k%l 1ari#$a#,i ,ala! *')a k!&la# &r%t%k%l ,a&at )'r/#$*i ,a# )'ri#t'rak*i.

Strktr t1 la&i* !%,'l OSI( )'r*a!aa# ,'#$a# protocol data unit &a,a *'tia& la&i*a#

Hal - .Praktik! "ari#$a# K%!&t'r(La)%rat%ri! P'ra#$kat K'ra*(20++


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OSI ?'/'r'#' M%,'l !'!iliki t1 la&i*( ak#i *')a$ai )'rikt

L"%"*

'.-

N""

!"%"*K..&"*+"*

7 Applicationlayer

9'r/#$*i *')a$ai a#tar!ka ,'#$a# a&lika*i ,'#$a# /#$*i%#alita* 1ari#$a#(

!'#$atr )a$ai!a#a a&lika*i ,a&at !'#$ak*'* 1ari#$a#( ,a# k'!,ia#!'!)at &'*a#-&'*a# k'*alaa#. Pr%t%k%l a#$ )'ra,a ,ala! la&i*a# i#ia,ala HTTP( FTP( SMTP( ,a# NFS.

Presentation

layer

9'r/#$*i #tk !'#tra#*la*ika# ,ata a#$ '#,ak ,itra#*!i*ika# %l'a&lika*i k' ,ala! /%r!at a#$ ,a&at ,itra#*!i*ika# !'lali 1ari#$a#. Pr%t%k%la#$ )'ra,a ,ala! l''l i#i a,ala &'ra#$kat l#ak r',ir'kt%r redirector

software6( *'&'rti laa#a# Workstation ,ala! :i#,%* NT6 ,a# 1$a N't%rk *'ll *'!aa! irtual !etwork "omputing NC6 ata Remote #esktop Protocol ?DP66.

5 Session layer 9'r/#$*i #tk !'#,'/i#i*ika# )a$ai!a#a k%#'k*i ,a&at ,i)at( ,i&'liara(

ata ,ia#rka#. S'lai# it( ,i l''l i#i 1$a ,ilakka# r'*%l*i #a!a.

4$ransport

layer

9'r/#$*i #tk !'!'a ,ata k' ,ala! &ak't-&ak't ,ata *'rta !'!)'rika##%!%r rt k' &ak't-&ak't t'r*')t *'i#$$a ,a&at ,i**# k'!)ali &a,a *i*it1a# *'t'la ,it'ri!a. S'lai# it( &a,a l''l i#i 1$a !'!)at *')a ta#,a

)aa &ak't ,it'ri!a ,'#$a# *k*'* ak#%l',$'!'#t6( ,a#!'#tra#*!i*ika# la#$ t'ra,& &ak't-&ak't a#$ ila#$ ,i t'#$a 1ala#.

= !etwork

layer

9'r/#$*i #tk !'#,'/i#i*ika# ala!at-ala!at IP( !'!)at header #tk &ak't-&ak't( ,a# k'!,ia# !'lakka# r%ti#$ !'lali internetworking,'#$a# !'#$$#aka# router ,a# switch layer%&.

2 #ata%link

layer

9'/#$*i #tk !'#'#tka# )a$ai!a#a )it-)it ,ata ,ik'l%!&%kka# !'#1a,i

/%r!at a#$ ,i*')t *')a$ai frame. S'lai# it( &a,a l''l i#i t'r1a,i k%r'k*i



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k'*alaa#( flow control ( &'#$ala!ata# &'ra#$kat k'ra* *'&'rti al#a M',iaA'** C%#tr%l A,,r'** MAC A,,r'**66( ,a# !'#'tka# )a$ai!a#a

&'ra#$kat-&'ra#$kat 1ari#$a# *'&'rti hub( bridge( repeater ( ,a# switch layer ' )'r%&'ra*i. S&'*i/ika*i IEEE 802( !'!)a$i level i#i !'#1a,i ,a l''l a#ak(ait la&i*a# (ogical (ink "ontrol LLC6 ,a# la&i*a# Media Access "ontrolMAC6.

+ Physical

layer

9'r/#$*i #tk !'#,'/i#i*ika# !',ia tra#*!i*i 1ari#$a#( !'t%,' &'#*i#ala#( *i#kr%#i*a*i )it( ar*it'ktr 1ari#$a# *'&'rti al#a Et'r#'t ataT%k'# ?i#$6( t%&%l%$i 1ari#$a# ,a# &'#$a)'la#. S'lai# it( l''l i#i 1$a!'#,'/i#i*ika# )a$ai!a#a !etwork Interface "ard NIC6 ,a&at )'ri#t'rak*i,'#$a# !',ia ka)'l ata ra,i%.

P'#$'rtia# TCPIP

Tra#*!i**i%# C%#tr%l Pr%t%%lI#t'r#'t Pr%t%%l TCPIP6 a,ala *at *'t atra#&r%t%k%l6 *ta#,ark%!#ika*i ,ata a#$ ,i$#aka# ,ala! &r%*'* tra#*/'r ,ata ,ari *at k%!&t'r k' k%!&t'r lai# ,i

1ari#$a# k%!&t'r ta#&a !'liat &'r)',aa# 1'#i* ar,ar'. Pr%t%k%l TCPIP ,ik'!)a#$ka# ,ala!ri*'t &'rta!a kali %l' D'/'#*' A,a#', ?'*'ar Pr%1't* A$'# DA?PA6 ,i A!'rika S'rikat,a# &ali#$ )a#ak ,i$#aka# *aat i#i a#$ i!&l'!'#ta*i#a ,ala! )'#tk &'ra#$kat l#ak*%/tar'6 ,i **t'! %&'ra*i.

Atra#-atra# t'r*')t #tk !'!a*tika# k%!&t'r a#$ !'#1ala#ka# TCP4IP 'r*i H'l'ttPakar, ,a&at )'r)#$a# ,'#$a# PC C%!&a a#$ !'#1ala#ka# TCPIP ata&# ,'#$a#Mai#/ra!'. "ika ,iti#1a ,ari !'t%,' ara k'r1a#a( !aka '#,%r *%/tar' a#$ !'!&r%,k*i ti,ak

)'$it &'#,i#$ )a$i *i*t'! TCPIP. TCPIP !'r&aka# &r%t%k%l t'r)ka( !ak*,#a a,ala *'!a*&'*i/ika*i ,ari &r%t%k%l ,i*')arka# ,a# ,i$#aka# %l' *ia&a *a1a.

La&i*a# la&i*a# a#$ ,i!iliki 3

+. N't%rk A'** La'r

9'rta#$$#$ 1aa) !'#$iri! ,a# !'#'ri!a ,ata ,ari ,a# k' !',ia /i*ik. Tia& &r%t%k%l &a,a la'r

i#i ar* !a!& !'#'r1'!aka# *i#al li*trik !'#1a,i ,ata ,i$ital a#$ ,i!'#$'rti k%!&t'r(



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't'r#'t( t%k'# ri#$( ,a# ,ial-& !%,'! a#$ )'r1ala# ,i ata* P)li Sit', T'l'&%#' N't%rkPSTN6( I#t'$rat', S'ri'* Di$it'l N't%rk ISDN6( *'rta A*#r%#* Tra#*/'r M%,' ATM6.

2. I#t'r#'t La'r

9'rta#$$#$1aa) ,ala! &r%*'* &'#$iri!a# &ak't k' ala!at a#$ t'&at. A,a )')'ra&a !aa! &r%t%k%l ,i ,ala!#a( !i*al#a I#t'r#'t Pr%t%%l IP6( A,,r'** ?'*%lti%# Pr%t%%l A?P6( ,a#

I#t'r#'t C%#tr%l M'**a$' Pr%t%%l ICMP6 .=. H%*t t% H%*t La'r

9'rta#$$#$ 1aa) #tk !'#$a,aka# k%!#ika*i a#tara ,a %*tk%!&t'r. A,a ,a !aa! &r%t%k%l ,i,ala!#a( ait Tra#*!i**i%# C%#tr%l Pr%t%%l TCP6 ,a# *'r Data$ra! Pr%t%%lDP 6.

4. A&&liati%# La'r

9'rta#$$#$ 1aa) #tk !'#a!&ilka# *'!a a&lika*i a#$ !'#$$#aka# &r%t%%l TCPIP.S')a$ai %#t% a,ala H&'rt'


10/55

• Da-,a#a !'#$$#aka# t'k#%l%$i &ak't-*iti#$( )ka# irit-*iti#$

T'k#%l%$i Cirit-Siti#$ ,i$#aka# &a,a a#al%$ t'l'&%#'6.

Pr%*'* P'rtkara# Data.

&'rtkara# ,ata &a,a 1ari#$a# *a!a al#a kita !'!)aa#$ka# !'#$iri! *rat ia POS.

Hal &'rta!a a#$ ar* kita lakka# t'#t#a !'#li* *rat k'!,ia# kita )'rika# *rat iti,'#tita* ta#$$a( &'#$iri! ,a# t1a#. K'!,ia# kita !a*ka# *rat t'r*')t k',ala! *')aa!&l%& ,a# ,i)'rika# &ra#$k%. S'la#1t#a a!&l%& t'r*')t ,i)'rika# i,'#tita* &'#$iri! !a&#ala!at t1a# *rat. S't'la *rat *'l'*ai ,ik'!a*( k'!,ia# kita a#tarka# k' ka#t%r POS( ,a# &akP%* aka# !'#$iri!ka##a k' ala!at t1a#. Sa!&ai ,iala!at t1a#( *at ,'!i *at k'!a*a# *ratkita ,i)ka( !lai ,ari !'!)ka a!&l%& k'!,ia# !'#$'larka# *rat#a *a!&ai akir#a ti#$$all'!)ara# *rat a#$ *ia& ,i)aa.

/'#%!'#a t'r*')t *a!a al#a ,'#$a# &r%*'* &'rtkara# ,ata &a,a 1ari#$a#. Data a#$aka# ,ikiri! ,ikal*i/ika*ika# k'!,ia# ,i&'a-&'a !'#1a,i )a$ia# k'il &ak't6( k'!,ia# tia&

&ak't t'r*')t ,i)#$k* 'a,'r ,i *'tia& la'r a#$ ,il'ati *a!&ai akir#a ,itra#*!i*ika#.

S't'la *a!&ai k%!&t'r t1a#( 'a,'r-'a,'r &ak't ta,i ,i)ka *at &'r*at *a!&ai akir#ak'!)ali t *'&'rti ,ata a#$ ,ikiri!ka# *'!la ,a# akir#a )i*a ,i)aa %l' &'#'ri!a

M%,'l TCPIP 3

OSI 3

Hal - +0.Praktik! "ari#$a# K%!&t'r(La)%rat%ri! P'ra#$kat K'ra*(20++


11/55

T$a* 3

Cari S')a 1ari#$a# a#$ *,a ,it'ra&ka# &a,a ,#ia #ata a#$ !a*i#$ !a*i#$ !'#$$#aka# !%,'l OSI ,a# TCPIP

S')tka# k'l')ia# *'rta k'kra#$a# !a*i#$ !a*i#$ !%,'l t'r*')t.

Hal - ++.Praktik! "ari#$a# K%!&t'r(La)%rat%ri! P'ra#$kat K'ra*(20++


12/55

P.&.$"* '. 5

T647%.&" ',*%. R,$*+

IP a,,r'** ,i$#aka# *')a$ai ala!at ,ala! )#$a# a#tar %*t ,i i#t'r#'t *'i#$$a !'r&aka#*')a *i*t'! k%!#ika*i a#$ #i'r*al kar'#a !'r&aka# !'t%,' &'#$ala!ata# a#$ t'la,it'ri!a ,i *'lr ,#ia.

2 'r*i IP 3

A!"" IP ?.&% 8 *'ri#$ ,i*')t ,'#$a# A!"" IP?86 a,ala *')a 1'#i* &'#$ala!ata# 1ari#$a# a#$ ,i$#aka# ,i ,ala! &r%t%k%l 1ari#$a# TCPIP a#$ !'#$$#aka# &r%t%k%l IP'r*i 4. Pa#1a#$ t%tal#a a,ala =2-)it( ,a# *'ara t'%riti* ,a&at !'#$ala!ati i#$$a 4!iliar %*t k%!&t'r ata l')i t'&at#a 4.24.7.2 %*t ,i *'lr ,#ia( 1!la %*tt'r*')t ,i,a&atka# ,ari 25 ,i,a&atka# ,ari 8 )it6 ,i&a#$kat 4kar'#a t'r,a&at 4 %kt't6*'i#$$a #ilai !ak*i!al ,ari ala!t IP 'r*i 4 t'r*')t a,ala 255.255.255.255 ,i!a#a #ilai,iit#$ ,ari #%l *'i#$$a #ilai #ilai %*t a#$ ,a&at ,ita!&#$ a,ala

25


13/55

K'la* a,,r'** A( 9 ,a# C a,ala a,,r'** a#$ ,i$#aka# #tk k%!#ika*i a#tar %*t (#tkk'&'rla# !ltia*t( *'1!la IP A,,r'** ,ial%ka*ika# *')a$ai !ltia*t a,,r'**."ika *trktr+++0


14/55

N't%rk ID ti,ak )%l' *a!a ,'#$a# +27

N't%rk ID +27 *'ara ,'/alt ,i$#aka# *')a$ai ala!at l%%&)ak ak#i IP a,,r'** a#$,i$#aka# %l' *at k%!&t'r #tk !'##1k ,iri#a *'#,iri.

N't%rk ID ,a# %*t ID ti,ak )%l' *a!a ,'#$a# 255

N't%rk ID ata %*t ID 255 aka# ,iartika# *')a$ai ala!at )r%a,a*t. ID i#i !'r&aka# ala!ata#$ !'akili *'lr 1ari#$a#.

N't%rk ID ,a# %*t ID ti,ak )%l' *a!a ,'#$a# 0

IP a,,r'** ,'#$a# %*t ID 0 ,iartika# *')a$ai ala!at #'t%rk. Ala!at #'t%rk ,i$#aka# #tk!'##1k *at 1ari#$a# )ka# *at %*t.

H%*t ID ar* #ik ,ala! *at #'t%rk.Dala! *at #'t%rk ti,ak )%l' a,a ,a %*t a#$!'!iliki %*t ID a#$ *a!a.

R,$*+

?%ti#$( a,ala *')a &r%*'* #tk !'#'r*ka# &ak't-&ak't 1ari#$a# ,ari *at 1ari#$a# k' 1ari#$a#

lai##a !'lali *')a internetwork . ?%ti#$ 1$a ,a&at !'r1k k'&a,a *')a !'t%,' &'#$$a)#$a# )')'ra&a 1ari#$a# *'i#$$a &ak't-&ak't ,ata ,a&at i#$$a& ,ari *at 1ari#$a# k' 1ari#$a# *'la#1t#a. #tk !'lakka# al i#i( ,i$#aka#la *')a &'ra#$kat 1ari#$a# a#$,i*')t *')a$ai router . Router%router t'r*')t aka# !'#'ri!a &ak't-&ak't a#$ ,it1ka# k'

1ari#$a# ,i lar 1ari#$a# a#$ &'rta!a( ,a# aka# !'#'r*ka# &ak't a#$ ia t'ri!a k'&a,a r%t'rlai##a i#$$a *a!&ai k'&a,a t1a##a.

S$#*.*+

E*'#*i ,ari *)#'tti#$ a,ala !'!i#,aka# $ari* &'!i*a a#tara )a$ia# #'t%rk ,a# )a$ia# %*t,ari *at IP A,,r'**.9')'ra&a )it ,ari )a$ia# %*t ,ial%ka*ika# !'#1a,i )it ta!)aa# &a,a )a$ia##'t%rk. A,,r'** *at #'t%rk !'#rt *trktr )ak ,i&'a !'#1a,i )')'ra&a *)#'t%rk. Cara

i#i !'#i&taka# *'1!la #'t%rk ta!)aa#( t'ta&i !'#$ra#$i 1!la !ak*i!! %*t a#$ a,a,ala! tia& #'t%rk t'r*')t.

M't%,' M't%,' S)#'tti#$ 3

M.,3. C!"%%:$!!



15/55

Kelas A

Ala!at-ala!at k'la* A ,i)'rika# #tk 1ari#$a# *kala )'*ar. N%!%r rt )it t'rti#$$i ,i ,ala!ala!at IP k'la* A *'lal ,i*'t ,'#$a# #ilai 0 #%l6. T1 )it )'rikt#aJ#tk !'l'#$ka&i %kt't

&'rta!aJaka# !'!)at *')a network identifier . 24 )it *i*a#a ata ti$a %kt't t'rakir6!'r'&r'*'#ta*ika# host identifier . I#i !'#$i@i#ka# k'la* A !'!iliki i#$$a +2 1ari#$a#( ,a#+(777(2+4 %*t tia& 1ari#$a##a. Ala!at ,'#$a# %kt't aal +27 ti,ak ,ii@i#ka#( kar'#a ,i$#aka#

#tk !'ka#i*!' I#t'r&r%'** C%!!#iati%# IPC6 ,i ,ala! !'*i# a#$ )'r*a#$kta#.

Kelas B

Ala!at-ala!at k'la* 9 ,ik**ka# #tk 1ari#$a# *kala !'#'#$a i#$$a *kala )'*ar. Da )it &'rta!a ,i ,ala! %kt't &'rta!a ala!at IP k'la* 9 *'lal ,i*'t k' )ila#$a# )i#'r 10. +4 )it )'rikt#a #tk !'l'#$ka&i ,a %kt't &'rta!a6( aka# !'!)at *')a network identifier . + )it*i*a#a ,a %kt't t'rakir6 !'r'&r'*'#ta*ika# host identifier . K'la* 9 ,a&at !'!iliki +(=84#'t%rk( ,a# 5(5=4 %*t #tk *'tia& #'t%rk-#a.

Kelas C

Ala!at IP k'la* C ,i$#aka# #tk 1ari#$a# )'r*kala k'il. Ti$a )it &'rta!a ,i ,ala! %kt't &'rta!aala!at k'la* C *'lal ,i*'t k' #ilai )i#'r 110. 2+ )it *'la#1t#a #tk !'l'#$ka&i ti$a %kt't

&'rta!a6 aka# !'!)'#tk *')a network identifier . 8 )it *i*a#a *')a$ai %kt't t'rakir6 aka#!'r'&r'*'#ta*ika# host identifier . I#i !'!#$ki#ka# &'!)ata# t%tal 2(07(+52 )a #'t%rk( ,a#254 %*t #tk *'tia& #'t%rk-#a.

Kelas D

Ala!at IP k'la* D ,i*',iaka# a#a #tk ala!at-ala!at IP multicast ( *'i#$$a )'r)',a ,'#$a#ti$a k'la* ,i ata*. E!&at bit &'rta!a ,i ,ala! IP k'la* D *'lal ,i*'t k' )ila#$a# )i#'r 1110. 28 bit

*i*a#a ,i$#aka# *')a$ai ala!at a#$ ,a&at ,i$#aka# #tk !'#$'#ali %*t. #tk l')i 1'la*!'#$'#al ala!at i#i( liat &a,a )a$ia# Ala!at Multicast IP4.

Kelas E

Ala!at IP k'la* E ,i*',iaka# *')a$ai ala!at a#$ )'r*i/at B'k*&'ri!'#talB ata &'r%)aa# ,a#,ia,a#$ka# #tk ,i$#aka# &a,a !a*a ,'&a#. E!&at )it &'rta!a *'lal ,i*'t k'&a,a )ila#$a#

)i#'r 1111. 28 )it *i*a#a ,i$#aka# *')a$ai ala!at a#$ ,a&at ,i$#aka# #tk !'#$'#ali %*t.

P'#$$#aa# k'la* ala!at IP *'kara#$ ti,ak r'l'a# la$i( !'#$i#$at *'kara#$ ala!at IP *,a ti,ak

!'#$$#aka# k'la* ala!at la$i. P'#$'!)a# %t%rita* I#t'r#'t t'la !'liat ,'#$a# 1'la* )aaala!at a#$ ,i)a$i k' ,ala! k'la*-k'la* *'&'rti ,i ata* *,a ti,ak !'#k&i k')ta# a#$ a,a*aat i#i( ,i *aat &'#$$#aa# I#t'r#'t a#$ *'!aki# !'la*. Ala!at IP a#$ )ar *'kara#$ ti,ak!'#$$#aka# k'la*-k'la* *'&'rti ala!at IP4. Ala!at a#$ ,i)at ta#&a !'!',lika# k'la* ,i*')t

1$a ,'#$a# classless address.

M.,3. C!"%%!.%%

CIDR

CID? Cla**l'** I#t'r-D%!ai# ?%ti#$6 a,ala !'t%,%l%$i &'#$al%ka*ia# IP a,,r'** ,a# r%ti#$ &ak't-&ak't I#t'r#'t. CID? ,i&'rk'#alka# &a,a ta# += #tk !'#$$a#tika# ar*it'ktr &'#$ala!ata# *')'l!#a ,ari ,'*ai# la**/l #'t%rk ,i i#t'r#'t ,'#$a# t1a# #tk!'!&'rla!)at &'rt!)a# ta)'l r%ti#$ &a,a r%t'r ,i I#t'r#'t( ,a# !'!)a#t !'!&'rla!)at



16/55

'&at#a e)hausting ,ari IP4 a,,r'**.

N%ta*i CID? !'#$$#aka# *i#tak* a#$ !'#'#tka# ala!at IP #tk IP4 ,a# IP( !'#$$#aka#ala!at ,a*ar 1ari#$a# ,iikti ,'#$a# $ari* !iri#$ ,a# kra# r%ti#$ &r'/i


17/55

S)#'t a#$ t'&at #tk tia& ,ii*i t'r*')t'//'*i'#t6

9'ra&a 1!la k%!&t'r a#$ ,a&at t'r)#$ ,ala! *'tia& 1ari#$a# &a,a ,ii*i ,ii*it'r*')t.



18/55

P.&.$"* K. 8

J.*% .*% .#"9" D""7%.&" %:" %:" "*+ 3!'/

M',ia K%!#ika*i

M',ia k%!#ika*i ait alat t'!&at 1alr 1ala##a ,ata. M',ia k%!#ika*i t'r,iri ata* 2(ait 3

+. >i,', ,i&a#,6( ait !',ia a#$ !'!)aa ,ata !'lali *alra# a#$ /i*ik#a ,a&at,iliat( *'&'rti ka)'l t'l&%#( ka)'l k%ai,',

M',ia 1'#i* $i,', a#$ ,i$#aka# ,ala! k%!#ika*i ,ata t'r,iri ata* 3a. Ti*t',-Pair 2 ka)'l a#$ ,i1ali#6

S&'*i/ika*i ka)'l i#i a,ala 3 Har$a#a &ali#$ !ra ,i)a#,i#$ka# ,'#$a# !',ia k%!#ika*i a#$ lai#. M'#$a#,#$ ,a ka)'l t'!)a$a a#$ ,i1ali# ti*t6( ,i!a#a 1ali#a# i#i )'r/#$*i #tk

!'#$ra#$i $a#$$a#. S'*ai #tk 1arak 1a ,'#$a# /r'k'#*i a#$ r'#,a. 9a#,i,t =+00 H@ =00 - =400 H@6

,'#$a# k''&ata# &'#$a#tara# ,ata a#tara 2400 )&* - 28.8 K)&* kil% )it &'r *'%#,6 a#$t'r$a#t#$ t'ra,a& !%,la*i( k'ra&ata# !',ia ,a# t'k#%l%$i lai# i#t'r/a' a#$ ,i$#aka#.

Da&at !'!)aa ,ata &a,a k''&ata# 4 K)&* *a!&ai +00 M)&*. Da&at ,i$#aka# #tk !'!)aa ,ata ,a# *ara( a#$ )ia*a#a ,i$#aka# &a,a t'l&%#

Ti*t', &air t'r,iri ,ari 2 1'#i*3 #*i'l,',

!'r&aka# kaat t'l'&%# )ia*a( ti&' +00-%! )a#ak ,i1!&ai ,i $',#$ &'rka#t%ra#

Ka)'l #*i'l,', Ti*t', Pair

Si'l,',!'!iliki ki#'r1a l')i )aik &a,a la1 ,ata a#$ ti#$$i( ti*t', &air ,ili#,#$i %l' l%$a!#tk !'#$ra#$i i#t'r/'r'#*i


Penyekat

tembaga

Penutup dari logam Pelindung dari logam


19/55

Si'l,', Ti*t', Pair

K'l')ia# !',ia !ra ,a# !,a ,ik'#,alika# ,a# k'l'!aaa##a *a#$at !,a k'#a $a#$$a#,i)a#,i#$ka# ,'#$a# !',ia lai#( *'&'rti &'tir. "'#i* !',ia i#i a#$ ,i$#aka# #tk 1ari#$a#k%!&t'r a,ala ka)'l TP #*i'l,', Ti*t', Pair - t'r,iri ata* 4 &a*a#$ ti*t', &air6 ,'#$a#t%&%l%$i ?i#$ ata Star.

). Ka)'l C%a


20/55

. Ka)'l Fi)'r O&tiS&'*i/ika*i ka)'l i#i a,ala 3

kra##a *a#$at k'il *'&'rti *')'*ar ra!)t6. T'r)at ,ari kaa ata &la*tik( kar'#a kaa ,a&at !'!)aa ,ata l')i 1a ,'#$a#

!'#$$#aka# t'k#%l%$i ali,' $la**.

M'!&#ai )a#,i,t ,a# k''&ata# a#$ *a#$at ti#$$i ,ala! LAN ,a&at !'!)aa ,ata,'#$a# k''&ata# rata-rata +00 M)&*6.

M'#$$#aka# aaa #tk !'!)aa ,ata( ,'#$a# !'t%,a !'i,&ka# *it %#6 ata!'!atika# *it %//6 aaa.

Data#a ti,ak ,a&at t'r$a#$$ %l' )#i. Data a#$ *',a#$ ,ia#tar ti,ak ,a&at ,i *a)%ta*' ,ari lar kar'#a &'#$k%,'a# *a#$at r!it. Har$a ka)'l ,a# i#t'r/a'#a FDDI - Fi)'r Di*tri)t', Data I#t'r/a'6 l')i !aal

,i)a#,i#$ka# ,'#$a# ka)'l %a


21/55

KabelFibre optic

Denyut cahayalewat semacamtabung beningdan flexibleseukuran ½ kali

ketebalan

rambut manusia

100MBsecsampai 10!Bsec

"elama #arak kecepatandansedikitnya

gangguan

lebihdiutamakandaripadaharganya$100 km%

"angat dapatdiandalkan&tanpaterpengaruhgangguan

elektronik

sebab signalditransmisikan denganimpulsecahaya

'arganya termahaldibandingkan kabelsebelumnya

a. Sat'lit

K'la* /r'k'#*i a#$ ,a&at ,ia#tar %l' *at'lit t'r,iri ata* 3

i. C-9a#, 3 ,'#$a# /r'k'#*i 4- >H@ >i$a H'rt@6ii. K-9a#,3 ,'#$a# /r'k'#*i +2-+4 >H@

iii. K-9a#,3 ,'#$a# /r'k'#*i 20-=0 >H@

K'!a!&a# *at'lit( t'r,iri ata* 3

i. M'!)aa ,ata ,'#$a# ka,ar a#$ *a#$at '&at.

ii. 9iaa a#$ !ra

iii. Da&at !'#1a#$ka kaa*a# a#$ la*

i. P'#a!&aia# ,ata ti,ak )'r$a#t#$ t'ra,a& 1arak

#tk !'#'ri!a ,ata ,i )!i !'#$$#aka# SAT 'r S!all A&'rtr' T'r!i#al6( t'ta&i *a#$at

)'r!a*ala ,ala! k'*'la!ata# ,ata ,a# $a#$$a# 1a#.

"'#i* Sat'lit )'r,a*arka# &%*i*i %r)it

"'#i* K't'ra#$a#

GEO (geostationary earth orbit ) 22.=00 !il t'&at ,i ata* $ari* katli*tia

MEO (medium earth orbit ) .000 !il ,i ata* $ari* katli*tia

EO (Low earth orbit) 400-+000 !il ,i ata* &'r!kaa# )!i

Hal - 2+.Praktik! "ari#$a# K%!&t'r(La)%rat%ri! P'ra#$kat K'ra*(20++


22/55

P'#$ri!a# P%i#t t% &%i#t

P'#$iri!a# 9r%a,a*t

A&lika*i-a&lika*i t'r&'#ti#$ #tk *at'lit lai##a ,ia#tara#a a,ala3

Di*tri)*i *iara# t'l'i*i Tra#*!i*i t'l'&%# 1arak 1a "ari#$a# )i*#i* *a*ta

>'l%!)a#$ Mikr%

Ti&' a#t'#a $'l%!)a#$ !ikr% a#$ &ali#$ !! a,ala &ara)%la ,i*. kra#

,ia!'t'r#a )ia*a#a *'kitar = !. A#t'#a &'#$iri! !'!/%k*ka# *i#ar &'#,'k a$ar !'#a&ai

tra#*!i*i $ari* &a#,a#$ !'#1 a#t'#a &'#'ri!a. A#t'#a $'l%!)a#$ !ikr% )ia*a#a ,it'!&atka#



23/55

&a,a k'ti#$$ia# t'rt'#t ,iata* ta#a #tk !'!&'rla* 1arak a#tara a#t'#a ,a# !a!& !'#'!)*

)ata*. #tk !'#a&ai tra#*!i*i 1arak 1a( ,i&'rlka# )')'ra&a !'#ara r'la $'l%!)a#$ !ikr%(

,a# &'#$)#$ $'l%!)a#$ !ikr% titik k' titik ,i&a*a#$ &a,a 1arak t'rt'#t.

S&'*i/ika*i !',ia i#i a,ala 3

M'#$$#aka# akra! &ara)%la #tk !'#'ri!a ata !'#$a#tar ,ata

&'#$a#tara# ,ata ar* ,ala! )'#tk li#' %/ *i$t ti,ak )%l' a,a &'#$ala#$6.

Sa#$at %%k #tk kaa*a# a#$ **a #tk &a*a#$ ka)'l.

Data#a !,a t'r$a#$$ %l' 1a# a#$ l')at ,a# a*a&.

S'tia& 1arak 25 - =0 )at ar* !'#$$#aka# r'&'at'r.

Ti,ak )'$it %%k #tk kaa*a# )a#,ar ,ara k'ra#a aka# ,a&at )'ra!&r ,'#$a#

$'l%!)a#$ a#$ lai#.

>'l%!)a#$ Mikr%

K'$#aa# *i*t'! $'l%!)a#$ !ikr% a#$ ta!a a,ala ,ala! 1a*a t'l'k%!#ika*i l%#$-al(

*')a$ai alt'r#ati' #tk %a


24/55

I#/ra M'ra

I#/ra!'ra )ia*a ,i$#aka# #tk k%!#ika*i 1arak ,'kat( ,'#$a# k''&ata# ,a&at

!'#a&ai 4 M)&*. P'#$$#aa# a#$ !! ait #tk &'#$'#,alia# 1arak 1a remote control 6

t'ra,a& t'l'i*i ,a# &'ralata# a,i%-i,'%. Ki#i i#/ra!'ra 1$a ,it'ra&ka# *')a$ai !',ia

tra#*!i*i &a,a 1ari#$a# l%kal LAN6. A&lika*i i#/ra!'ra a#$ &ali#$ !! ait #tk

!'#$)#$ka# !%*' ta#&a ka)'l k' k%!&t'r.

K'#t#$a# i#/ra!'ra3

i#/ra!'ra !,a ,i)at ,a# !ra.

K')al t'ra,a& i#t'r/'r'#*i ra,i% ,a# 'l'ktr%!a$#'tik.

M'#',iaka# l')ar -1alr a#$ )'*ar.

I#*tala*i !,a.

M,a #tk ,i&i#,a-&i#,aka#.

Tak &'rl li*'#*i ata i@i# &'!'ri#ta.

K'a!a#a# i#/ra!'ra l')i ti#$$i ,ari&a,a $'l%!)a#$ ra,i%.

K'l'!aa##a 3

"arak t'r)ata*. Na!# *,a t'r,a&at t'k#%l%$i a#$ !a!& !'#tra#*!i*ika#

i#$$a = k!.

I#/ra !'ra tak ,a&at !'#'!)* ,i#,i#$ t'ta&i al i#i 1$a *'kali$* !'#1a,ika#

*at k'l')ia#( a#$ )'rarti )aa i#/ra!'ra ,ala! *')a ra#$a# ti,ak !'#$$a#$$

i#/ra!'ra &a,a ra#$a# a#$ lai#6.

Har* a,a li#ta*a# lr* ,ari &'#$iri! ,a# &'#'ri!a

Ti,ak ,a&at ,i$#aka# ,i lar ra#$a#( kar'#a aka# t'r$a#$$ %l' aaa !ataari.



25/55

Fr'k'#*i a#$ ,i$#aka# ,ala! k%!#ika*i ,ata

LF G 'r L% Fr''# ( LF G L% Fr''# ( MF G M',i! Fr''#

HF G Hi$ Fr''# . HF G 'r Hi$ Fr''# ( HF G ltra Hi$ Fr''#

SHF G S&'r Hi$ Fr''# ( EHF G E


26/55

?%t'r.

?%t'r a,ala *')a alat a#$ !'#$iri!ka# &ak't ,ata !'lali *')a 1ari#$a# ata

I#t'r#'t !'#1 t1a##a( !'lali *')a &r%*'* a#$ ,ik'#al *')a$ai routing . Pr%*'* routing

t'r1a,i &a,a la&i*a# = La&i*a# 1ari#$a# *'&'rti I#t'r#'t Pr%t%%l6 ,ari *tak &r%t%k%l t1-la&i*

OSI.

?%t'r )'r/#$*i *')a$ai &'#$)#$ a#tar ,a ata l')i 1ari#$a# #tk !'#'r*ka# ,ata

,ari *at 1ari#$a# k' 1ari#$a# lai##a. ?%t'r )'r)',a ,'#$a# switch. Switch !'r&aka#

&'#$)#$ )')'ra&a alat #tk !'!)'#tk *at (ocal Area !etwork LAN6.

S')a$ai il*tra*i &'r)',aa# /#$*i ,ari router ,a# switch !'r&aka# *at 1ala#a#( ,a# router

!'r&aka# &'#$)#$ a#tar 1ala#. Ma*i#$-!a*i#$ r!a )'ra,a &a,a 1ala# a#$ !'!iliki ala!at,ala! *at rta# t'rt'#t. D'#$a# ara a#$ *a!a( switch !'#$)#$ka# )'r)a$ai !aa! alat(

,i!a#a !a*i#$-!a*i#$ alat !'!iliki ala!at IP *'#,iri &a,a *')a LAN.

Cara k'r1a router !iri& ,'#$a# bridge 1ari#$a#( ak#i !'r'ka ,a&at !'#'r*ka# &ak't ,ata


http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paket_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paket_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaringan_komputerhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaringan_komputerhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Routinghttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapisan_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocolhttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stack_protokol&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stack_protokol&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_OSIhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_OSIhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switch_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_Area_Networkhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumahhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamat_IPhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/LANhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paket_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paket_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaringan_komputerhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Routinghttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapisan_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocolhttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stack_protokol&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_OSIhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_OSIhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switch_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_Area_Networkhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumahhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamat_IPhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/LANhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paket_jaringan


27/55

1ari#$a# ,a# ,a&at 1$a !'!)a$i 1ari#$a# !'#1a,i )')'ra&a *'$!'# ata !'#atka# *'$!'#-

*'$!'# 1ari#$a#. Aka# t'ta&i( router )'r1ala# &a,a la&i*a# k'ti$a &a,a !%,'l OSI la&i*a#

1ari#$a#6( ,a# !'#$$#aka# *k'!a &'#$ala!ata# a#$ ,i$#aka# &a,a la&i*a# it( *'&'rti al#a

ala!at IP. S'!'#tara it( bridge 1ari#$a# )'r1ala# &a,a la&i*a# k',a &a,a !%,'l OSI la&i*a#

,ata-li#k 6( ,a# !'#$$#aka# *k'!a &'#$ala!ata# a#$ ,i$#aka# &a,a la&i*a# it( ak#i MAC

a,,r'**.

9ri,$'( *')aik#a ,i$#aka# #tk !'#$)#$ka# *'$!'#-*'$!'# 1ari#$a# a#$

!'#1ala#ka# &r%t%k%l 1ari#$a# a#$ *a!a *')a$ai %#t%3 *'$!'# 1ari#$a# )'r)a*i* IP ,'#$a#

*'$!'# 1ari#$a# IP lai##a6. S'lai# it( bridge 1$a ,a&at ,i$#aka# k'tika ,i ,ala! 1ari#$a#

t'r,a&at &r%t%k%l-&r%t%k%l a#$ ti,ak )i*a !'lakka# r%ti#$( *'&'rti al#a N't9EI. S'!'#tara

it( router *')aik#a ,i$#aka# #tk !'#$)#$ka# *'$!'#-*'$!'# 1ari#$a# a#$ !'#1ala#ka#

&r%t%k%l 1ari#$a# a#$ )'r')',a *'&'rti al#a #tk !'#$)#$ka# *'$!'# 1ari#$a# IP ,'#$a#

*'$!'# 1ari#$a# IP.6 S'ara !!( router l')i 'r,a* ,i)a#,i#$ka# ,'#$a# )ri,$' 1ari#$a# ,a#

,a&at !'#i#$katka# bandwidth 1ari#$a#( !'#$i#$at router ti,ak !'#'r*ka# &ak't broadcast k'

1ari#$a# a#$ ,it1. Da#( &'#$$#aa# router a#$ &ali#$ *'ri#$ ,ilakka# a,ala k'tika kita

'#,ak !'#$)#$ka# 1ari#$a# kita k' i#t'r#'t.

Sit

Sit 1ari#$a# ata *it #tk *i#$kat#a6 a,ala *')a alat 1ari#$a# a#$ !'lakka#

)ri,$i#$ tra#*&ara# &'#$)#$ *'$'!'#ta*i )a#ak 1ari#$a# ,'#$a# forwarding )'r,a*arka#

ala!at MAC6.


http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paket_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_OSIhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapisan_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapisan_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamat_IPhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapisan_data-linkhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapisan_data-linkhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_addresshttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_addresshttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetBEUIhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protokol_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protokol_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPXhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidthhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bridging_(jaringan)&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamat_MAChttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paket_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_OSIhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapisan_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapisan_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamat_IPhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapisan_data-linkhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapisan_data-linkhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_addresshttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_addresshttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetBEUIhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protokol_jaringanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPXhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidthhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bridging_(jaringan)&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamat_MAC


28/55

H)

H) a,ala *')a &'ra#$kat 1ari#$a# k%!&t'r a#$ )'r/#$*i #tk !'#$)#$ka# &'ralata#-

&'ralata# ,'#$a# 't'r#'t +09a*'T ata *'rat %&tik *'i#$$a !'#1a,ika##a ,ala! *at *'$!'#

1ari#$a#. H) )'k'r1a &a,a la&i*a# /i*ik layer *6 &a,a !%,'l OSI.

P'r)',aa# *i ,a# )

Di ,ala! ) ti,ak a,a &r%*'* a&a-a&a ,ala! !'#a#$a#i tra//i 1ari#$a#. H) a#a

!'#$la#$ *i#al a#$ !a*k k' *'lr &%rt a#$ a,a &a,a ) t'r*')t. I#i aka# *a#$at

)'r)',a ,'#$a# *it( ,i ,ala! *it *'tia& &%rt )'r/#$*i 1$a *')a$ai *at )ri,$'. "ika

*at &%rt t'r)#$ ,'#$a# *at ,'i' !aka *'ara &ri#*i&al *'tia& ,'i' aka# )'r*i/at

i#,'&'#,'# t'ra,a& ,'i' lai##a.

P'r)',aa# lai##a la$i a,ala )aa +0+00 't'r#'t ) a#a )'k'r1a *'ara al/-,&l'


29/55

A#al%$ Da# Di$ital

"'#i* ,ata ,ala! &'#$a#tara# ,ata t'r,iri ata* 2( ait 3

A#al%$( ait ,ata a#$ *i/at#a )'r)'#tk *'la#1ar %#ti#%*6( *'&'rti *ara( i,'%( ,a#

&'raka! * ,a# t'ka#a#.

Data Di$ital( ait ,ata a#$ *i/at#a ,i*krit t'ta&6 *'&'rti t'


30/55

&'#$a#tara# ,ata6.

M'#rt Ni*t +286 k''&ata# !ak*i!al ,ala! 9a,6 ,ala! *alra# k%!#ika*i a,ala ,a

kali )a#,i,t#a( ,'#$a# r!* 3 9 G 2:

,i !a#a 9 a,ala k''&ata# ,ala! 9a, ,a# : a,ala )a#,i,t#a ,ala! H@.

M'#rt Cla,' Sa#%#( k''&ata# !ak*i!al ,ala! )&*6 k%!#ika*i a,ala3

C G : L%$2+SN6

,i !a#a C a,ala k''&ata# ,ala! )&*( : a,ala )a#,i,t ,ala! H@ ,a# SN a,ala #i*)a

i*arat t'ra,a& #%i*' &'r)a#,i#$a# ,ata t'ra,a& $a#$$a#6.

C%#t%#a 1ika )a#,i,t *alra# a,ala 4 kH@ ,a# #i*)a i*arat t'ra,a& #%i*' a,ala +0003+!aka k''&ata##a a,ala3

9 G 2: G 2.4 k@ G 8 9a,.

C G 4000 L%$2++000+6 G 4000 L%$2+00+6 G +200+.7 )&*

P'r!%,la*ia#

Dala! tra#*!i*i ,ata !'lali !',ia tra#*!i*i( ,a&at ,i)',aka# 2 1'#i* t'k#ik !%,la*i( ak#i 3

+. T'k#ik !%,la*i a#$ ,i$#aka# #tk !'r'&r'*'#ta*ika# ,ata ,i$ital &a,a *aat tra#*!i*i

!'lali !',ia a#al%$. Mi*al 3 P'#$iri!a# ,ata !'lali ta#*!i*i $'l%!)a#$ ra,i%.

2. T'k#ik !%,la*i #tk !'r'&r'*'#ta*ika# ,ata a#al%$ a#$ aka# ,itra#*!i*ika# !'lali !',ia

,i$ital.

C%#t% 3 K%!#ika*i *ara t'l'&%#6 !'lali 1ari#$a# k%!&t'r !i*al %IP6.

Hal - =0.Praktik! "ari#$a# K%!&t'r(La)%rat%ri! P'ra#$kat K'ra*(20++


31/55

T'k#ik !%,la*i #tk tra#*!i*i ,ata ,i$ital !'lali !',ia a#al%$.

T'k#ik !%,la*i ,a*ar a#$ ,it'ra&ka# &a,a tra#*!i*i ,ata ,i$ital !'lali !',ia a#al%$ a,ala 3

A!&lit,' Si/t K'i#$ ASK6

Pa,a ASK( r'&r'*'#ta*i ,ata ,i$ital )it 0 ,a# )it +6 ,i)',aka# ata* )'*ar#a *i!&a#$a# $'l%!)a#$

a!&lit,%6( a#$ ,i$#aka# &a,a $'l%!)a#$ AM A!&lit,% M%,lati%a#6.

Mi*al 3

Hal - =+.Praktik! "ari#$a# K%!&t'r(La)%rat%ri! P'ra#$kat K'ra*(20++


32/55

P'r!,la*ia# i#i ,ik'#ali 1$a ,'#$a# ASK A!&lit,% Si/t K'i#$6( ait *at t'k#ik a#$

!'akilka# )it 0 ,a# + ,'#$a# &'r)',aa# A!&lit,%. C%#t%#a a!&lit,% ti#$$i !'!)aa )it +

,a# a!&lit,% r'#,a !'!)aa )it 0( t'ta&i $a#$$a# &a,a ka)'l t'l'&%# *a#$at *'#*iti/ &a,a

a!&lit,'( *'i#$$a t'k#ik i#i !,a !'#,a&at $a#$$a# ,ala! k%!#ika*i ,ata.

Fr''# Si/t K'i#$ FSK6

?'&r'*'#ta*i )it 0 ,a# )it + ,i)',aka# ata* ti#$kat /r'k'#*i#a( a#$ ,i$#aka# &a,a

$'l%!)a#$ FM Fr'k'#*i M%,lati%#6.

Mi*al 3

P'r!%,la*ia# i#i ,ik'#ali 1$a ,'#$a# FSK Fr''# Si/t K'i#$6( ait *at t'k#ik a#$

!'akilka# )it 0 ,a# + ,'#$a# &'r)',aa# /r'k'#*i. C%#t%#a ,ala! MODEM a#$

!'#$$#aka# *'ri 9'll +0=++=( ,i!a#a )it + !'#$$#aka# /r'k'#*i +270 H@ ,a# )it 0

!'#$$#aka# /r'k'#*i +070 H@. A!&lit,% &a,a /r'k'#*i )'r)',a ti,ak t'r1a,i &'r)aa#(

*'i#$$a t'k#ik i#i ti,ak !,a !'#'ri!a $a#$$a#.

Pa*' Si/t K'i#$ PSK6

Pa,a PSK &'r$'*'ra# *,t /a*a ,i$#aka# #tk !'!)',aka# #ilai )it 0 ,a# )it +( a#$

,i$#aka# &a,a $'l%!)a#$ PM Pa*' M%,lati%#6.



33/55

Mi*al 3 2-PSK a#$ !'!)',aka# )it 0 ,a# )it + ,'#$a# &'r$'*'ra# *,t

/a*a *')'*ar +80% ata *')'*ar Q.

T'k#ik i#i !'#$a#tar )it 0 ,a# )it + ,'#$a# &'r)aa# &a,a /a*' ata *,t &a,a

$'l%!)a#$ *i#*. T'k#ik &'!%,la*ia# i#i t'r,iri ata* 2 ait PSK Pa*' Si/t K'i#$6 ,a#

DPSK Di//'r'#tial Pa*' Si/t K'i#$6.

a. Pa*' Si/t K'i#$ PSK6

Pa,a t'k#ik PSK( 1ika $'l%!)a#$ *i#* )'rtkar !aka )it a#$ ,ia#tar 1$a )'r)a.

C%#t%#a 1ika )it &'r!laa# a,ala )it 0( ,a# $'l%!)a#$ *i#* *'t'r*#a a,ala #%r!al ti,ak

a,a &'r)aa# /a*'6 !aka )it *'t'r*#a a,ala 0( *'la$i ti,ak a,a &'r)aa# /a*a )it 0 aka#t'r* ,ia#tar. "ika )it + a#$ '#,ak ,ia#tar( !aka &'r)aa# &a,a /a*' ata ,'r1a, &'rtkara#

,ilakka# *')a#ak +80 ,'r1a,. "ika )it 0 '#,ak ,ia#tar la$i( &'r)aa# /a*' ,ilakka# la$i

*'&'rti *'!la.

Di//'r'#tial Pa*' Si/t K'i#$ DPSK6

Pa,a t'k#ik DPSK( 1ika ti,ak a,a &'r)aa# /a*a &a,a $'l%!)a#$ *i#* !aka )it 0 a#$ ,ia#tar

,a# *'tia& kali )it + '#,ak ,ia#tar ,ilakka# &'r)aa# /a*' *')a#ak +80 ,'ra1a,.

Di)a#,i#$ka# ,'#$a# PSK( &'r)aa# )it a#$ '#,ak ,ia#tar ti,ak &'rl ,itkarka# /a*'

$'l%!)a#$ *i#*#a a#a )it + *a1a a#$ &'rl ,ir)a &a,a /a*' $'l%!)a#$ *i#*6.

Hal - ==.Praktik! "ari#$a# K%!&t'r(La)%rat%ri! P'ra#$kat K'ra*(20++


34/55

P'ra#$kat k%!#ika*i ,ata a#$ )'r/#$*i !'lakka# !%,la*i *i#al a#al%$ #tk

!'r'&r'*'#ta*ika# ,ata ,i$ital &a,a *aat &'#$iri!a# ,ata a,ala M%,lat%r( ,a# *')alik#a &a,a

*aat &'#'ri!aa# a#$ )'r/#$*i !'#$i#t'r&r'ta*i *i#al a#al%$ a#$ ,it'ri!a !'#1a,i k!&la#

)it-)it ,ata ,ata ,i$ital6 a,ala D'!%,lat%r. S'i#$$a &'ra#$kat t'r*')t ,i*')t M%,lat%r-

D'!%,lat%r ,i*i#$kat M%,'!6.

T'k#ik !%,la*i #tk tra#*!i*i ,ata a#al%$ !'lali !',ia ,i$ital.

Dala! al &'#$iri!a# ,ata a#al%$ !'lali !',ia ,i$ital( *i#al a#al%$ aka# ,ik%,' ,ala!

k!&la# )it )it *tr'a!6 ,'#$a# !'#$$#aka# *ala*at t'k#ik !%,la*i )'rikt 3

+. PCM Pl*' C%,' M%,lati%#6

2. DM D'lta M%,lati%#6( a#$ 1$a ,i*')t A*#r%#%* PCM.

PCMPl*' C%,' M%,lati%#6

T'k#ik !%,la*i PCM )'r/#$*i !'#$k%,' *i#al a#al%$ a#$ aka# ,ikiri! !'lali !',ia ,i$ital

k' ,ala! )'#tk k!&la# )it )it *tr'a!6.



35/55

P'ra#$kat k%!#ika*i ,ata a#$ !'#a#$a#i /#$*i &'#$k%,'a# PCM ,i *i*i &'#$iri! ,i*')t

C%,'r ,a# ,i *i*i &'#'ri!aa# ,i$#aka# &'ra#$kat D'%,'r a#$ )'r/#$*i !'#$k%#'r*i k'!)ali

k!&la# )it a#$ !'#$k%,' *i#al a#al%$ t'r*')t k' )'#tk *'!la. Pa*a#$a# k%!&%#'#

t'r*')t ,i*')t C%,'r- D'%,'r ,i*i#$kat C%,'6.

PCM *'ri#$kali ,i$#aka# #tk !'#$k%,' *ara %i'6( ,ala! )'#tk &'!)iaraa# t'l'&%#

!i*al#a %i' %'r I#t'r#'t ata %IP6 ata ,ala! )'#tk !*ikla$ a#$ aka# ,i*i!&a# *'ara

,i$ital ,ala! CD-?OM.

K** #tk &'#$k%,'a# *ara %i'6 &a,a &'raka&a# t'l'&%# !'lali !',ia ,i$ital( ,i$#aka#

25 l''l *i#al ,i!a#a *'tia& l''l *i#al aka# ,ik%,' !'#1a,i 8 )it ,a# *a!&li#$ ,ilakka# 8000

kali &'r ,'tik( *'i#$$a ,i)tka# )a#,i,t *')'*ar 8 < 8000 )it &'r *'%#, G 4.000 )&* 4

K)&*6. Ka&a*ita* t'r*')t ,i!iliki %l' %i' $ra,' a##'l &a,a ISDN.

DMD'lta M%,lati%#6

Pa,a D'lta M%,lati%# DM6( *a!&li#$ *i#al a#al%$ ,ilakka# ,'#$a# &'#,'kata# /#$*i ta#$$a

Stair' a*' /#ti%#6( ,i!a#a k't'litia# *a!&li#$ )'r$a#t#$ &a,a /r'k'#*i *a!&li#$ ,a# 1!la

l''l *i#al a#$ ,it'ta&ka#.



36/55

P'#'ra&a# D'lta M%,lati%# l')i %%k &a,a &'#$k%,'a# *i#al a#al%$ ,ari r'ka!a# i,'%(

kar'#a &'#$k%,'a# ,ala! DM l')i ,it'ka#ka# &a,a k''#,'r#$a# &'r)aa# l''l *i#al a#al%$

a#$ ,ir'&r'*'#ta*ika# %l' ,'r'ta# )it + 1ika a,a k''#,'r#$a# !'#aik6 ata ,'r'ta# )it 0 1ika

t'r1a,i &'#r#a# l''l *i#al6.

S%al 3

+. Di)'rika# /r'k'#*i 2@ 20k@ (,'#$a# ,a# #i*)a i*arat t'ra,a& #%i*' 2000 3

2(t'#tka# k''&ata# !ak*i!al ,ala! 9a,(,a# )&*2. Dik'tai *i#al a#al%$ *'&'rti )'rikt 3

T'#tka# *i#al ,i$ital a#$ t'r)'#tk ,'#$a# !'#$$#aka# t'k#ik DM

=. 9'r,a*arka# *i#al ,i$ital ,ari #% 2(t'#tka# *i#al a#al%$ a#$ ,a&at ,i)'#tk ,'#$a#

!'#$$#aka# t'k#ik(PSK(FSK(DPSK ,a# ASK.

4. S')a &'r*aaa# ,'#$a# 2 ,ii*i(i#$i# !'!)a#$# 1ari#$a# k%!&t'r ,'#$a# = k%#,i*i

laa# a#$ )'r)',a *')a$ai )'rikt 3

Laa# &'rta!a ,i&'#i ,'#$a# &'r!aa# ,a# 1ala# 1ala# a#$ k& l')ar ,a# &a#1a#$

Laa# k',a )'r&a ta# li#,#$ *')a$ai ta# *!)'r ,aa

Hal - =.Praktik! "ari#$a# K%!&t'r(La)%rat%ri! P'ra#$kat K'ra*(20++


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Laa# k'ti$a )'r&a &'r)kita#

a#,a *')a$ai &iak a#$ aka# !'!)a#$# 1ari#$a# t'r*')t(,i!i#ta #tk !'#'#tka# !',ia

k%!#ika*i a#$ t'&at #tk k'ti$a laa# t'r*')t.!aka !',ia k%!#ika*i a&aka a#$ t'&at #tk

!a*i#$ !a*i#$ laa# t'r*')t.



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P.&.$"* K. ;

K$%

+. Carila C%#t% "ari#$a# k%!&t'r &a,a *')a i#*ta#*i a#$ *,a,ii!&li!'#ta*ika# *'rta "'la*ka#(t'r!a*k ,ari 1'#i* a&aka 1ari#$a#t'r*')t()'r,a*arka#

+. - *kala2. - /#$*i=. - t%&%l%$i4. - ,i*tri)*i *!)'r ,atai#/%r!a*i5. - 1a#$kaa# $'%$ra/i*(. - P'ra#a# )#$a# ,a# - tra#*!i*i ,ata(

2. "'la*ka# a&a a#$ ,i!ak*, ,'#$a# OSI ,a# TCPIP(*'rta *')tka# la'r-la'r a#$,i!iliki#a.

=. S')a &'r*aaa# !'!iliki = ,ii*i ,'#$a# 1!la &'#$$#aa# k%!&t'r a#$

)'r)',a.,'#$a# ri#ia# *')a$ai )'rikt 3+. ,ii*i &'#1ala# 3 =0 k%!&t'r

2. ,ii*i a,!i#i*tra*i 3 +5 k%!&t'r

=. ,ii*i &'r)#$a# 3 ++0 k%!&t'r

a#,a *')a$ai #'t%rk a,!i#i*trat%r(,i!i#ta #tk !'lakka# *)#'tti#$ ,'#$a# i&,a*ar 3 +2.+8.0.0.!aka t'#tka# S)#'t a#$ t'&at #tk tia& ,ii*it'r*')t'//'*i'#t6(*'rta 9'ra&a 1!la k%!&t'r a#$ ,a&at t'r)#$ ,ala! *'tia&

1ari#$a# &a,a ,ii*i ,ii*i t'r*')t.

4. Di)'rika# /r'k'#*i 2@ 20k@ (,'#$a# ,a# #i*)a i*arat t'ra,a& #%i*' 2000 3

2(t'#tka# k''&ata# !ak*i!al ,ala! 9a,(,a# )&*

5. Dik'tai *i#al a#al%$ *'&'rti )'rikt 3

T'#tka# *i#al ,i$ital a#$ t'r)'#tk ,'#$a# !'#$$#aka# t'k#ik DM

9'r,a*arka# *i#al ,i$ital ,ari #% 2(t'#tka# *i#al a#al%$ a#$ ,a&at ,i)'#tk

,'#$a# !'#$$#aka# t'k#ik(PSK(FSK(DPSK ,a# ASK.



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P.&.$"* K. <

P.#$""* K"#.! "&*+"*7%.&" .*+$"*/

Ka)'l Strai$t

Ka)'l *trai$t a,ala i*tila #tk ka)'l a#$ !'#$$#aka# *ta#,ar a#$ *a!a &a,a k',a 1#$ka)'l#a( )i*a EIATIA 58A ata EIATIA 589 &a,a k',a 1#$ ka)'l. S','ra#a#a( rta#ar#a &a,a k',a 1#$ ka)'l *a!a. Pa,a ka)'l *trai$t( &i# + ,i *ala *at 1#$ ka)'l t'r)#$k' &i# + &a,a 1#$ ai##a( &i# 2 t'r)#$ k' &i# 2 ,i 1#$ lai##a( ,a# *'t'r*#a.

9'rikt i#i a,ala rta# &'#$a)'la# *trai$t 3

1#$ A

2. Pti Ora#$'

=. Ora#$'

Hal - =.Praktik! "ari#$a# K%!&t'r(La)%rat%ri! P'ra#$kat K'ra*(20++


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4. Pti Hi1a

5. 9ir

. Pti 9ir

7. Hi1a

8. Pti C%klat

. C%klat

1#$ 9

Pti Ora#$'

Ora#$'

Pti Hi1a

9ir

Pti 9ir

Hi1a

Pti C%klat

C%klat

P'#$$#aa# ka)'l *trai$t 3

!'#$)#$ka# k%!&t'r k' &%rt )ia*a ,i Sit.

!'#$)#$ka# k%!&t'r k' &%rt LAN !%,'! a)l'DSL.

!'#$)#$ka# &%rt :AN r%t'r k' &%rt LAN !%,'! a)l'DSL.

!'#$)#$ka# &%rt LAN r%t'r k' &%rt &li#k ,i Sit.

!'#$)#$ka# 2 H9Sit ,'#$a# *ala *at H9Sit

!'#$$#aka# &%rt &li#k ,a# a#$ lai##a !'#$$#aka# &%rt )ia*a

Cara '&at !'#$a&al#a a,ala k& !'#$i#$at O9IC a#$ arti#a Ora#$'( 9ir( I1%( C%klat.

T'ta&i a#,a ar* !'#a!)aka##a ,'#$a# ar#a &ti *')'l! O9IC ,i rtka#. K** ar#a )ir a#,a ar* !'r)a#a ,'#$a# ar#a &ti i1a )ka# &ti )ir.

EIATIA 58A EIATIA 589



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Ka)'l r%**%'r !'#$$#aka# EIATIA 58A &a,a *ala *at 1#$ ka)'l#a ,a# EIATIA 589 &a,a 1#$ ka)'l lai##a.

9'rikt i#i a,ala rta# &'#$a)'la# Cr%** 3

1#$ A



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Pti Ora#$'

Ora#$'

Pti Hi1a

9ir

Pti 9ir

Hi1a

Pti C%klat

C%klat

1#$ 9

Pti Hi1a

Hi1a

Pti Ora#$'

9ir

Pti 9ir

Ora#$'

Pti C%klat

C%klat

P'#$$#aa# ka)'l r%**%'r 3

5. !'#$)#$ka# 2 )a k%!&t'r *'ara la#$*#$

. !'#$)#$ka# 2 )a H9Sit !'#$$#aka# &%rt )ia*a ,ia#tara k',a H9Sit.

7. !'#$)#$ka# k%!&t'r k' &%rt &li#k Sit

8. !'#$)#$ka# &%rt LAN r%t'r k' &%rt )ia*a ,i H9Sit

S',a#$ka# #tk ka)'l Cr%** a#,a k& !'#$)a rta# + &i#,a k' =( rta# 2 &i#,a k' ata ,'#$a# kata lai# +-=( 2- ,ari rta# ka)'l *trai$t. #tk ka)'l Cr%** 1#$ A rta##aka)'l Strai$t ,a# 1#$ 9 ,ir)a 1a,i +-=( 2-.

P.#$""* K"#.!

P'ralata# 3

2. Ka)'l la#=. K%#'kt%r ?"45 !i# 2 )a

4. Tri!&i#$



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5. t'*t'r

Pr%*',r 3

+. k&a* klit ,ari Ka)'l la# ,'#$a# !'#$$#aka# tri!&i#$2. atr ka)'l ka)'l a#$ t'la a,a *'*ai **#a# &a,a ka)'l a#$ ,ii#$i#ka# r%** ata

*trai$t6

=. rataka# ka)'l ka)'l a#$ a,a (k'!,ia# lakka# tri!&

4. T'*t ka)'l ,'#$a# !'#$$#aka# t'*t'r.&a,a ka)'l *trai$t (k',a )ari* la!& aka# !'#ala*'ara )'r*a!a(*',a#$ka# &a,a ka)'l r%**(la!& &'rta!a &a,a )ari*a# la!& ,i k%l%! +aka# !'#ala )'r*a!aa# ,'#$a# la!& k'ti$a &a,a )ari*a# la!& ,i k%l%! 2. *'rta la!&k',a &a,a )ari*a# la!& ,i k%l%! + aka# !'#ala )'r*a!aa# ,'#$a# la!& k''#a! &a,a

)ari*a# la!& ,i k%l%! 2. *'rta *')alik#a(,a# #tk la!& la!& a#$ lai#(aka#!'#ala *'ara )'r*a!aa#.

%#t% la!& a#$ !'#ala &a,a ka)'l r%**6

Hal - 4=.Praktik! "ari#$a# K%!&t'r(La)%rat%ri! P'ra#$kat K'ra*(20++


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Catata# 3

+. 9ila *aat &'#$1ia# ka)'l ,'#$a# t'*t'r(,i,a&atka# la!& a#$ ti,ak !'#ala(,a&at,i*')a)ka# ka)'l la# ,'#$a# k%#'kt%r ?"45 ti,ak t'rk%#'k*i ,'#$a# )aik.

2. 9ila *aat &'#$1ia# ka)'l ,'#$a# t'*t'r(,i,a&atka# rta# la!& a#$ ti,ak *'*ai(,a&at,i*')a)ka# &'#$rta# &ili#a# ka)'l a#$ ti,ak t'&at.

=. C'k t'*t'r a&aka ,a&at )'r/#$*i ,'#$a# )aik'k )at'rai *'rta t'* ,'#$a# ka)'l la# a#$t'la ,i)at *')'l!#a a#$ t'la ,a&at ,i&'r$#aka# *')'l!#a6 *')'l! !'lakka#

&'#$'t'*a#.4. Dala! !'lakka# &'#$&a*a# ka)'l LAN($#aka# &'!%t%#$ a#$ !'!iliki r%#$$a'la6

&a,a tri!&i#$(k'!,ia# &a,a &r%*'* &'!%t%#$a#($#aka# &'!%t%#$ a#$ ti,ak !'!ilikir%#$$a'la6 (#tk !'#,a&atka# a*il a#$ %&ti!al.

5. *aaka# !'rataka# ka)'l *')'l! !'lakka# tri!&(#tk !'!,aka# ,ala! &'!a*tia# )aa *'tia& ka)'l a#$ t'la ,i&ili#(t'rk%#'k*i ,'#$a# )aik ,'#$a# k%#'kt%r ?"45t'r*')t.



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"&*+ :!.

+0.++. P'ralata# 3+2.+=. Ka)'l la#r%**6+4. Da )a la&t%& ata &+5.+. La#$ka 3+7. )a %rk$r%& k',a k%!&t'r !'#1a,i HOME ,a# **t'! aka# !'-r'*tart **t'!

+8. H)#$ka# ka)'l la# k'&a,a k',a k%!&t'r.+. )a &'#$atra# &a,a la# a,a&t'r k%!&t'r &'rta!a !'#1a,i

+. IP 3 +2.+8.+.22. S)#'tMa*k 3 255.255.255.0=. N't%rk>: 3 +2.+8.+.+

20. )a &'#$atra# &a,a la# a,a&t'r k%!&t'r k',a !'#1a,i+. IP 3 +2.+8.+.=2. S)#'tMa*k 3 255.255.255.0=. N't%rk>: 3 +2.+8.+.+

2+. Lakka# t'*t &i#$.&a,a k%!&t'r &'rta!a !'lakka# &i#$ k' +2.+8.+.= (k'!,ia#k%!&t'r k',a !'lakka# &i#$ k' +2.+8.+.2

22. )a &'#$atra# *ari#$ ,a# #'t%rk ,i*%'r !'#1a,i %#



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2=. k%!&t'r &'rta!a !'!)at %rk$r%& ,'#$a# #a!a %rk$r%&Ilk%!()'*'rta !'lakka# &'#$atra# &a**%r,(,a# &'#$atra# *ar' lai#*ar' ,%!'#t(&ri#t'r(*tr'a!i#$6

24. K%!&t'r k',a )'r$a)#$ ,'#$a# %rk$r%& a#$ t'la ,i)at %l' k%!&t'r &'rta!a1%i# $r%&6(k'!,ia# !'#$i*ika# &a**%r,

25. K',a k%!&t'r *'kara#$ t'la *ali#$ t'rk%#'k*i(,a# t'la ,a&at *ali#$ !'#$ak*'* /il' *at *a!a lai#

2.2=/ S>"&*+ *.&*.

28.2. &'ralata# 3=0. Ka)l' la#r%**6=+. Da )a la&t%& ata &(,'#$a# *ala *at la&t%&& !'!iliki ir'l'** a,a&t'r =2. K%#'k*i i#t'r#'t ir'l'**==.=4. La#$ka 3=5.=. H)#$ka# k%!&t'r &'rta!a ,'#$a# i#t'r#'t !'lali ir'l'** a,a&t'r i/i6=7. )a &'#$atra# &a,a ir'l'** a,a&t'r k%!&t'r &'rta!a(&a,a !'# *ar' 'k &a,a

'k)%< *ari#$ i#t'r#'t

=8. Pili &a,a %!)%)%< k%#'k*i la#(,a# klik %k(k'!,ia# **t'! aka# !'!)'rika# *')a i&*tati*atat i& *tati* i#i !i*al +2.+8.+=7.+6



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=. H)#$ka# k',a k%!&t'r ,'#$a# !'#$$#aka# ka)l' LANr%**640. )a &'#$atra# LAN a,a&t'r k%!&t'r k',a !'#1a,i 3+. IP 3 +2.+8.+=7.


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P.&.$"* K.

S>"&*+ :!. ?" LAN 3"* *.&*. WIFI @ LAN 3 !*$(U#$*$ 11/08)

S>"&. :!.

P'ralata# 3+. Ka)'l LANr%**62. Da P ata K%!&t'r t'r)#$ i#t'r#'t6

La#$ka 3+. i#*tall *a!)a &a,a k',a k%!&t'r,a&at !'lali )#t *%/tar' '#t'r(*#a&ti(ata&#

t'r!i#al 3 *,% a&t-$'t i#*tall *a!)a6

2. Pa,a **t'! *'tti#$(&ili *a!)a.

=. Pa,a !'# &r'//'r'#'* R *'r'r *'tti#$ ()a :%rk$r%& 3 :%rk$r%&Ilk%!(klik %k



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4. Pa,a !'# &r'//'r'#'* R *a!)a *'r(ta!)aka# *'r &'#$$#a )#t &a,a k%!&t'r

t'r*')t(!i* k%!&t'r + !'!iliki #a!a *'r r&l+(!aka ta!)aka# *'r r&l+(,'!ikia# &la &a,a k%!&t'r k',a

5. ta!)aka# ,ir't%r a#$ aka# ,i*ar'()i*a ,'#$a# !'#'ka# t%%l)ar &l*6 ata&# !'#/il' R a,, *ar'((!i*al *')a$ai %#t% ait ,'*kt%&(&ili ak ak*'* a#$ ,i)tka#(r'a,%#l (/ll a'*6(k'!,ia# &a,a ta) *ar' &ili ra,i% *ar' t% ''r%#'



50/55

. klik #'t%rk-!a#a$'r!!#a t'r,a&at &a,a **t'! i#,iat%r6(k'!,ia# &ili ',it%##'ti%#(&ili ',it &a,a ta) ir',.



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7. )a &'#$atra# &a,a la# a,a&t'r k%!&t'r &'rta!a !'#1a,i+. IP 3 +2.+8.+.22. S)#'tMa*k 3 255.255.255.0=. N't%rk>: 3 +2.+8.+.+

8. )a &'#$atra# &a,a la# a,a&t'r k%!&t'r k',a !'#1a,i

+. IP 3 +2.+8.+.=2. S)#'tMa*k 3 255.255.255.0=. N't%rk>: 3 +2.+8.+.+

. Lakka# t'*t &i#$.&a,a k%!&t'r &'rta!a !'lakka# &i#$ k' +2.+8.+.= (k'!,ia#k%!&t'r k',a !'lakka# &i#$ k' +2.+8.+.2

+0. ?'*tart k%!&t'r.++. K',a k%!&t'r *'kara#$ t'la *ali#$ t'rk%#'k*i(,a# t'la ,a&at *ali#$ !'#$ak*'* /il' *at

*a!a lai# !'lali &la'* 3 #'t%rk

S>"&*+ *.&*.

&'ralata# 3+. Ka)l' la#r%**62. Da )a la&t%& ata &(,'#$a# *ala *at la&t%&& !'!iliki ir'l'** a,a&t'r =. K%#'k*i i#t'r#'t ir'l'**

&'ralata# 3+. H)#$ka# k%!&t'r &'rta!a ,'#$a# i#t'r#'t !'lali ir'l'** a,a&t'r i/i62. Pa,a k%!&t'r k',a ()a &'#$atra# a,a&t'r LAN !'#1a,i %t%!ati*at%!ati6=. Pa,a K%!&t'r &'rta!a()a &'#$atra# !'t%, a,a&t'r LAN !'#1a,i *ar', t%

''r%#'

4. H)#$ka# k%!&t'r k',a ,'#$a# !'#$$#aka# ka)'l LAN5. K',a k%!&t'r t'la t'r)#$ ,'#$a# i#t'r#'t.



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P.&.$"* K.

B,#*+ E"! 3"* S*::*+ C,,'.

B,#*+ ."!

&'ralata# 3+. k%!&t'r a#$ t'r)#$ ,'#$a# i#t'r#'t2. *')a a%#t '!ail=. *')a ')%*ti#$ ,'#$a# /a*ilita* '!ail

la#$ka 3+. &a,a %*t ')*it'()at *')a /il' a#$ )'r#a!a )%!.&& &a,a /%l,'r &)li.2. I*i %,' ,ari )%!.&& ,'#$a# )ari* ,i)aa i#i 3

&&

U'!ailGBE!ail a#,aBV

U*)1'tGBS)1't '!ail a#,aBV@

Ut%GBE!ail t1a#BV

U!'**a$'GBi*i '!ail )%!BV

i/!ailUt%(U*)1't(U!'**a$'(BFr%!3U'!ailW#B66X

'%BP'#$iri!a# )%! '!ail *k*''*B6V

'l*' X

'%BP'#$iri!a# )%! '!ail $a$alB6V

Z

=. "ala#ka# /il' )%!.&& t'r*')t(!i*al %*t a#,a 3 .*%!')%,.%!(!aka a#,a,a&at !'!)ka /il' t'r*')t ,'#$a# !'#$araka# )r%*'r t'r*')t k'ala!at 3.*%!')%,.%!)%!.&&

4. 'k '!ail a#,a (!aka aka# t'r,a&at &ali#$ ti,ak rat*a# '!ail &a,a i#)%< a#,a.


http://www.somebody.com/http://www.somebody.com/bom.phphttp://www.somebody.com/http://www.somebody.com/bom.php


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S*::*+ 6,,'.

&'ralata# 3+. K%!&t'r a#$ t'r)#$ ,'#$a# i#t'r#'t.2. Pr%$ra! *#i//i#$ *'&'rti ir'*ark6=. C%%ki' ',it%ra,,%# )r%*'r(*'&'rti a,, # ',it &a,a /ir'/%


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7. k'!,ia# a#,a )i*a !'!)a#,i#$ka# #ilai ,ari a*il &'#ali#a# t'r*')t ,'#$a#%%ki' a#$ t'la a,a &a,a )r%*'r a#,a.

8. A#,a ,a&at !'#$$#aka# %%ki' t'r*')t #tk !'lakka# l%$i# k'!)ali &a,a')*it' t'r*')t ta#&a &'rl !'!a*kka# ,ata l%$i# k' ')*it' t'r*')t.



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P.&.$"* K. 10

U"* A'>&

P.#$""* J"&*+"* A*"& K,$.&(A3-H,6)

P.&"!""* (3%"'"* .&,&"*+)

+. Ka)'l la# - 2 !'t'r.

2. K%##'kt%r ?" 45(!i# 4 )a

=. S')a k%!&t'rla&t%&6(,'#$a# OS i#,%,i*ara#ka# i#,% 76(ata&#

li#

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