DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL...............................................................................................i

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN................................................................................ii

SURAT PERNYATAAN BEBAS PLAGIAT.....................................................iv

KATA PENGANTAR...........................................................................................vi

ABSTRAK...........................................................................................................viii

DAFTAR ISI...........................................................................................................x

DAFTAR GAMBAR............................................................................................xv

DAFTAR TABEL...............................................................................................xix

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN........................................................................................xx

BAB I PENDAHULUAN.......................................................................................1

1.1 Latar Belakang.............................................................................................1

1.2 Perumusan Masalah......................................................................................3

1.3 Batasan Masalah...........................................................................................3

1.4 Keaslian Tugas Akhir...................................................................................4

1.5 Manfaat Tugas Akhir...................................................................................5

1.6 Tujuan Tugas Akhir.....................................................................................5

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1.7 Sistematika Laporan.....................................................................................5

BAB II LANDASAN TEORI................................................................................7

2.1 Tinjauan Pustaka..........................................................................................7

2.2 Dasar Teori...................................................................................................8

2.2.1 Sistem Tenaga Listrik..................................................................................8

2.2.2 Sistem Distribusi........................................................................................10

2.2.3 Jaringan Tegangan Rendah........................................................................14

2.2.4 Drop Tegangan...........................................................................................16

2.2.5 Tap Changer...............................................................................................18

2.3 Komponen Utama......................................................................................19

2.3.1 Mikrokontroler Arduino Mega 2560..........................................................19

2.3.1.1 Program......................................................................................................24

2.3.2 Catu Daya...................................................................................................29

2.3.2.1 Transformator.............................................................................................30

2.3.2.2 Penyearah...................................................................................................33

2.3.2.3 Filter...........................................................................................................36

2.3.2.4 Voltage Regulator (Pengatur Tegangan)....................................................38

2.3.3 Relay..........................................................................................................40

2.3.3.1 ULN 2803...................................................................................................42

2.3.4 Resistor sebagai Pembagi Tegangan..........................................................45

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2.3.5 Ethernet Shield...........................................................................................46

2.3.6 Aplikasi VT Scada......................................................................................47

BAB III CARA KERJA SISTEM MONITORING TEGANGAN UJUNG

PADA JTR SEBAGAI KONTROL PADA TAPPING TRAFO 1 PHASA

BERBASIS ARDUINO MEGA 2560 DENGAN TAMPILAN HUMAN

MACHINE INTERFACE (HMI).......................................................................49

3.1 Blok Diagram Sistem.................................................................................49

3.2 Cara Kerja Tiap Rangkaian........................................................................53

3.2.1 Rangkaian Catu Daya.................................................................................53

3.2.1.1 Rangkaian Catu Daya 220 Volt AC ke 12 Volt DC..................................53

3.2.1.2 Rangkaian Catu Daya 220 Volt AC ke 5 Volt DC.....................................57

3.2.2 Rangkaian Driver Relay.............................................................................59

3.2.3 Rangkaian Pull Down.................................................................................61

3.2.4 Arduino Mega 2560...................................................................................62

3.3 Perancangan Perangkat Lunak Untuk Arduino..........................................64

3.3.1 Flowchart Alat Drop Tegangan..................................................................64

3.3.2 Flowchart Controlling Pada Kondisi Local...............................................65

3.4 Perancangan Perangkat Lunak Untuk VTScada........................................66

3.4.1 Flowchart Controlling Pada VTScada.......................................................66

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3.5 Cara Kerja Sistem.......................................................................................67

3.6 Komunikasi PC dengan Arduino...............................................................69

3.7 Pengalamatan Modbus................................................................................72

3.8 Desain Tampilan Alat Simulasi Pada VTScada.........................................73

BAB IV PEMBUATAN ALAT SISTEM MONITORING TEGANGAN

UJUNG PADA JTR SEBAGAI KONTROL PADA TAPPING TRAFO 1

PHASA BERBASIS ARDUINO MEGA 2560 DENGAN TAMPILAN

HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE (HMI).......................................................75

4.1 Pembuatan Perangkat Keras.......................................................................75

4.1.1 Rangkaian Beban........................................................................................77

4.1.2 Rangkaian Elektronika...............................................................................79

4.1.2.1 Rangkaian Catu Daya.................................................................................81

4.1.2.2 Rangkaian Driver Relay.............................................................................82

4.1.2.3 Rangkaian Pull Down................................................................................83

4.1.3 Langkah-langkah Pembuatan PCB.............................................................85

4.1.4 Langkah-langkah Perakitan Alat................................................................89

4.2 Pembuatan Perangkat Lunak......................................................................90

4.2.1 Pemograman Arduino................................................................................90

4.2.2 Pembuatan VT Scada.................................................................................94

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BAB V PENGUKURAN DAN PENGUJIAN ALAT MONITORING

TEGANGAN UJUNG PADA JTR SEBAGAI KONTROL PADA TAPPING

TRAFO 1 PHASA BERBASIS ARDUINO MEGA 2560 DENGAN

TAMPILAN HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE (HMI)................................99

5.1 Peralatan Yang digunakan..........................................................................99

5.2 Prosedur Pengukuran dan Pengujian........................................................100

5.3 Prosedur Pengukuran dan Pengujian........................................................100

5.3.1 Rangkaian Catu Daya...............................................................................100

5.3.2 Rangkaian Driver Relay...........................................................................102

5.3.3 Rangkaian Pull Down...............................................................................104

5.3.4 Rangkaian Pemindahan Taping Trafo 1 Fasa..........................................106

5.4 Pengujian Keseluruhan Alat.....................................................................108

BAB VI KESIMPULAN....................................................................................109

6.1 Kesimpulan..............................................................................................109

6.2 Saran.........................................................................................................110

DAFTAR PUSTAKA.........................................................................................111

LAMPIRAN

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