BUKU TAHUNAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA 2012 1 (a)...
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BUKU TAHUNAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA 2012STATISTICS YEARBOOK MALAYSIA 2012
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Kadar Pengangguran Unemployment Rate (%)
Bilangan Orang Number of Persons (Juta / Million)
Bilangan BekerjaNumber of Employed
Bilangan Menganggur Number Unemployed
Kadar PengangguranUnemployment Rate
3.2% 3.3%3.7%
3.3% 3.1% 3.0%
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
JUMLAH TENAGA BURUH, BILANGAN BEKERJA DAN KADAR PENGANGGURANTOTAL LABOUR FORCE, NUMBER EMPLOYED AND UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
1 (a)
GUNA TENAGA MENGIKUT INDUSTRI, 2012EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY, 2012
1 (b)
Bekalan elektrik, Gas,Wap, Pendingin udara
dan AirElectricity, Gas, Steam,
Air conditioning and Water supply
1.1 %
PerkhidmatanServices57.5%
PembuatanManufacturing
17.5%
Perlombongan dan Pengkuarian
Mining and Quarrying0.6%
Pertanian, Perhutanandan Perikanan
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
12.6%
Pembinaan Construction
9.1 %
Lain-lain Others1.5%
Jumlah Guna Tenaga Total Employment
12,723.2 Ribu / Thousand
• Pada tahun 2012, jumlah tenaga buruh mencatatkan peningkatan sebanyak 3.6% berbanding dengan tahun 2011. In 2012, the total labour force registered an increase of 3.6% as compared to 2011.
• Sektor Perkidmatan mengatasi industri lain dengan 7.3 juta (57.5%) daripada jumlah guna tenaga. Daripada 13 sub-sektor, perdagangan borong dan runcit, pembaikan kenderaan bermotor dan motosikal adalah penyumbang tertinggi iaitu 16.6%. The services sector was ahead of other sectors with 7.3 million (57.5%) from the total of work force. Out of the 13 services sub- sectors, wholesale and retail trade , repair of motor vehicles and motocycles was the highest contributor with 16.6%.
INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA (IHP)CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (CPI)
( 2010 = 100 )
2 (a)
94
96
98
100
102
104
106
9092949698
100102104106108110
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Jumlah IndeksTotal Index
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
2009/2008 2010/2009 2011/2010 2012/2011
IHP - PERUBAHAN PERATUS TAHUNANCPI - ANNUAL PERCENTAGE CHANGE
2 (b)
Makanan & Minuman Bukan Alkohol Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages
Perumahan, air, elektrik, gas & bahan api Housing, water, electricity, gas & fuels
Komunikasi Communication
Kesihatan Health
Pendidikan Education
Jumlah Total
Pengangkutan Transport
% PerubahanChange
Indeks Index
• Indeks Harga Pengguna (IHP) bagi tahun 2012 meningkat sebanyak 1.6 peratus kepada 104.9 dibandingkan dengan 103.2 pada tempoh yang sama tahun lepas. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) for the period January to December 2012 increased by 1.6 per cent to 104.9 compared with that of 103.2 in the same period last year.
• Pada tahun 2012, kumpulan utama makanan & minuman bukan alkohol dan restoran & hotel mencatatkan peningkatan tertinggi iaitu masing-masing sebanyak 2.7% dan 2.9%. In the year 2012, the main group of food & non-alcoholic beverages and restaurants & hotel was recorded the highest increases by 2.7% and 2.9% respectively.
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BUKU TAHUNAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA 2012STATISTICS YEARBOOK MALAYSIA 2012
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EksportExports
ImportImports
Imbangan PerdaganganBalance of Trade
IMBANGAN PERDAGANGANBALANCE OF TRADE
3 (b)RM Bilion / Billion
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
+ 12.9%-17.7%+ 40.1%
-22.8%
-6.7%
• Pada tahun 2012, jumlah eksport dan import masing-masing mencatatkan peningkatan sebanyak 0.7% dan 5.8% berbanding dengan tahun 2011. In 2012, the total export and import registered an increase of 0.7% and 5.8% respectively as compared to 2011.
• Dalam tahun 2012, lebihan dagangan Malaysia mencatatkan penurunan sebanyak 22.8% berbanding dengan tahun 2011. In 2012, Malaysia trade surplus recorded a decrease of 22.8% as compared to 2011.
EksportExports
ImportImports
EKSPORT DAN IMPORTEXPORTS AND IMPORTS
3 (a)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
663.0
552.5
638.8
697.9
702.6
519.8
434.7
528.8
573.6
606.7
RM Bilion / Billion
EKSPORT MENGIKUT SEKSYEN BARANGANEXPORTS BY COMMODITY SECTIONS
3 (c)
Jentera dan kelengkapan pengangkutan Machinery and transport equipment
1
Bahan api galian, pelincir, dll. Mineral fuels, lubricants, etc.
2
Minyak dan lemak binatang dan sayur-sayuran Animal and vegetable oils and fats
3
Barang keluaran kilang Manufactured goods
4
Pelbagai barang keluaran kilang Miscellaneous manufactured articles
5
Bahan kimia Chemicals
6
Bahan mentah, tidak boleh dimakan Crude materials, inedible
7
Makanan Food
8
Pelbagai urus niaga dan barangan Miscellaneous transactions and commodities
9
Minuman dan tembakau Beverages and tobacco
10
(Seksyen Barang / Commodity Section )
RM Bilion / Billion
• Pada tahun 2012, jumlah eksport barang mengikut seksyen mencatatkan peningkatan sebanyak 0.7% berbanding dengan tahun 2011. In 2012, the total export of commodities by section registered an increase of 0.7% as compared to 2011.
• Pertumbuhan dalam eksport disumbangkan oleh kenaiikan eksport daripada seksyen pelbagai urus niaga & barangan, seksyen minuman & tembakau, seksyen bahan api galian & pelincir dan seksyen barang keluaran kilang dimana masing-masing mencatatkan peningkatan sebanyak 36.4%, 18.8%, 14.0%, dan 6.2% berbanding dengan tahun 2011. The growth in exports was contributed by higher exports of miscellaneous transactions & commodities section, beverages & tobacco section, mineral fuels, lubricants section and manufactured goods section, which is increased by 36.4%, 18.8%, 14.0% dan 6.2% respectively as compared to 2011.
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
269.8
125.8
73.1
65.4
64.7
46.2
25.0
20.6
4.2 3.1
266.7
143.4
63.4
63.6 68.7
46.1
20.6
20.7
5.7 3.7
2011 : RM 697, 862 Juta / Million
2012 : RM 702, 641 Juta / Million
BUKU TAHUNAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA 2012STATISTICS YEARBOOK MALAYSIA 2012
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IMPORT MENGIKUT SEKSYEN BARANGANIMPORTS BY COMMODITY SECTIONS
3 (d)
RM Bilion / Billion
Jentera dan kelengkapan pengangkutan Machinery and transport equipment
1
Bahan api galian, pelincir, dll. Mineral fuels, lubricants, etc.
2
Barang keluaran kilang Manufactured goods
3
Bahan kimia Chemicals
4
Pelbagai barang keluaran kilang Miscellaneous manufactured articles
5
Makanan Food
6
Bahan mentah, tidak boleh dimakan Crude materials, inedible
7
Pelbagai urus niaga dan barangan Miscellaneous transactions and commodities
8
Minyak dan lemak binatang dan sayur-sayuran Animal and vegetable oils and fats
9
Minuman dan tembakau Beverages and tobacco
10
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
255.3
67.6 75
.0
53.9
36.0
34.5
24.8
11.9
11.5
3.1
266.5
86.0
75.2
54.5
37.4
36.1
24.9
12.5
9.7 3.8
2011 : RM 573, 626 Juta / Million
2012 : RM 606, 677 Juta / Million
(Seksyen Barangan / Commodity Section )
• Pada tahun 2012, nilai import barang mengikut seksyen mencatatkan peningkatan sebanyak 5.8% berbanding dengan tahun 2011. In 2012, the import value of commodities by section registered an increase of 5.8% as compared to 2011.
• Pada tahun 2012, seksyen bahan api galian & pelincir merupakan penyumbang utama kepada kenaikan import iaitu meningkat sebanyak 18.4 juta atau 27.2% berbanding dengan tahun lepas. Ini diikuti dengan seksyen minuman & tembakau yang menyumbang kenaikan sebanyak 0.7 juta atau 22.1% . In 2012, mineral fuels, lubricants section was the main contributor to the higher imports which recorded an increase of 18.4 million or 27.2% as compared to last year. This is followed by beverages & tobacco section which contributed an increase of 0.7 million or 22.1%.
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RM 607,364Juta
Million
20.5%
13.6%
13.2%
12.6%
11.8%
10.8%
8.9%
5.0%2.4%
1.2%
Ke
To
RM 702,187.9 Juta
Million
JUMLAH EKSPORTTOTAL EXPORTS
ARAH HALA PERDAGANGAN MENGIKUT NEGARA, 2012DIRECTION OF TRADE BY COUNTRY, 2012
3 (e)
OCEANIA
Negara-negara lain Other Countries
Negara ASEAN lain Other ASEAN Countries
Afrika Africa
Kesatuan Eropah European Union
Amerika America
Singapura Singapore
Negara Asia Lain Other Asia Countries
China
JepunJapan
17.6%
15.1%
13.3%
11.8%
10.8%
10.3%
6.0%
5.1%3.6% 3.5% 2.9%
DariFrom
JUMLAH IMPORT TOTAL IMPORT
OCEANIA
Negara-negara lain Other Countries
Negara ASEAN lain Other ASEAN Countries
Indonesia
Kesatuan Eropah European Union
Amerika America
Singapura Singapore
China
Thailand
Negara Asia Lain Other Asia Countries
JepunJapan
BUKU TAHUNAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA 2012STATISTICS YEARBOOK MALAYSIA 2012
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RM Bilion / Billion
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
4 (a) HASIL DAN PERBELANJAAN KERAJAAN PERSEKUTUAN, 2007- 2012FEDERAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE, 2007 - 2012
Hasil RevenuePerbelanjaan Mengurus Operating Expenditure
Perbelanjaan Pembangunan BersihNet Development ExpenditureDefisit / Lebihan KeseluruhanOverall Deficit / Surplus
Lebihan / Defisit SemasaCurrent Surplus / Defisit
3.5%
35.1%
53.4%
8.0%
4.7%
49.8%
32.0%
13.5%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
7.5%
2.9%
60.9%
27.4%
8.8%
2.3%
60.7%
27.2%
9.8%
3.6%
49.5%
39.4%8.0%
35.1%
53.4%
3.5%
13.5%
32.0%
49.8%
4.7%
PERBELANJAAN PEMBANGUNAN KERAJAAN PERSEKUTUAN, 2008 - 2012 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE, 2008 - 2012
4 (b)
Keselamatan SecurityPerkhidmatan Sosial Social Services
Pentadbiran AmGeneral Administration
Perkhidmatan Ekonomi Economic Services
Sumber : Kementerian Kewangan, MalaysiaSource : Ministry of Finance, Malaysia
RM Bilion / Billion
Dolar A. S. ( seunit ) U. S. Dollar ( per unit )Paun Sterling ( seunit ) Pound Sterling ( per unit )
Yen Jepun ( 100 unit ) Japanese Yen ( 100 units )Euro ( seunit ) Euro ( per unit )
Dolar Singapura ( seunit ) Singapore Dollar ( per unit )
KADAR PERTUKARAN RINGGIT MALAYSIA (PURATA)EXCHANGE RATES OF RINGGIT MALAYSIA (AVERAGE)
5 (a)
Ringgit Malaysia
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Yen Jepun Japanese Yen
Dolar A.S U.S. Dollar
Dolar Singapura Singapore Dollar
Euro Euro
Paun Sterling Pound Sterling
KADAR PERTUKARAN - PERUBAHAN PERATUS TAHUNANEXCHANGE RATES - ANNUAL PERCENTAGE CHANGE
5 (b)
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
% PerubahanChange
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BUKU TAHUNAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA 2012STATISTICS YEARBOOK MALAYSIA 2012
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6.3%
2.8%
0.4%
4.6% 4.9%
3.9%
6.3%
4.8%
-1.5%
7.4%
5.1%5.6%
(200)
(100)
-
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
-2%
-1%
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011e 2012p
Kadar PertumbuhanGrowth Rates RM Bilion / Billion
Pendapatan Negara Kasar (PNK) Gross National Income (GNI)
Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Kadar Pertumbuhan PNK (%)GNI Growth Rate (%)
Kadar Pertumbuhan KDNK (%)GDP Growth Rate (%)
PENDAPATAN NEGARA KASAR (PNK), KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR (KDNK) DAN KADAR PERTUMBUHAN PADA HARGA MALAR 2005GROSS NATIONAL INCOME (GNI ), GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP) AND
GROWTH RATES AT CONSTANT 2005 PRICES
6 (a)
KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR (KDNK) MENGIKUT JENIS AKTIVITI EKONOMI, 2012 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT(GDP) BY KIND OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AT CURRENT PRICES, 2012
6 (b)
Pertanian Agriculture
10.1%Perlombongan
dan Pengkuarian Mining and Quarrying
10.4%Pembuatan
Manufacturing24.2%
PembinaanConstruction
3.9%
Perkhidmatan Services50.4%
Duti import Import duties
1.1%
Jumlah KDNK Total GDP
941,237 Juta / Million
• Ekonomi Malaysia mencatatkan pertumbuhan sebanyak 5.6 % pada 2012 dimana pertumbuhan tertinggi direkodkan oleh sektor Perkhidmatan dan Pembuatan iaitu masing masing menyumbang sebanyak 50.4% dan 24.2%. The Malaysia’s economy registered 5.6 % growth in 2012, whereby the highest growth was recorded by Services and Manufacturing sectors that is contributed 50.4% and 24.2% respectively.
• Pada tahun 2012, KDNK pada harga semasa mencatatkan nilai RM941.2 billion manakala PNK per kapita merekodkan RM30,856 berbanding dengan tahun sebelumnya masing masing merekodkan RM884.5 billion dan RM29,783. In 2012, GDP in current terms posted a value of RM941.2 billion while the GNI per capita recorded RM30,856 as compared to last year at RM884.5 billion and RM29,783 respectively .
102,190131,414
110,727
87,183102,426
57,348
-39,140
672
-51 -111
-133
159-17,754
-119,082
-80,173
-19,946
23,265
-23,037
45,296
18,250
-13,831
2,628
-94,682
-3,873
-150,000
-100,000
-50,000
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Akaun Kewangan Financial Account
Akaun Modal Capital Account
Akaun Semasa Current Account
Aset Rizab Reserve Assets
RM Juta / Million
7 (a) IMBANGAN PEMBAYARANBALANCE OF PAYMENT
KEDUDUKAN PELABURAN LANGSUNG ASING (FDI) MENGIKUT SEKTOR, 2012FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) POSITION BY SECTOR, 2012
7 (b)
19.4%
16.2%51.9%
12.5%
Pertanian,Perhutanan dan
Perikanan Agriculture, Forestry and
Fisheries 2.6%
Perlombongan dan Pengkuarian
Mining and Quarrying
6.5%
PembuatanManufacturing
47.5%
PembinaanConstruction
0.4%
AktivtiPerkhidmatan
Services Activities43.1%
Perdagangan Borong dan Runcit Wholesale and Retail
Maklumat dan Komunikasi Information and Communication
Aktiviti Kewangan dan Insurans/Takaful Financial and Insurance/Takaful Activities
Perkhidmatan LainOther services
Jumlah FDI Total FDI
363,940 Juta (Bersih)Million (Net)
BUKU TAHUNAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA 2012STATISTICS YEARBOOK MALAYSIA 2012
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