BA 320 Operations Management

Pendahuluan

Bab 1

BA 320 Operations Management

Operasi sebagai sebuah proses transformation

Operations sebagai sebuah fungsi dasar

Operations sebagai

core teknis

Fungsi Operasi

BA 320 Operations Management

Operasi sebagai sebuah Proses Transformasi

INPUT

Material

Mesin

Tenaga Kerja

Manajement

Modal

BA 320 Operations Management

Operasi sebagai sebuah Proses Transformasi

INPUT

Material

Mesin

Tenaga Kerja

Manajement

Modal

PROSES

TRANSFORMATION

BA 320 Operations Management

Operasi sebagai sebuah Proses Transformasi

INPUT

Material

Mesin

Tenaga Kerja

Manajement

Modal

OUTPUT

Barang2

Servis

PROSES

TRANSFORMATION

BA 320 Operations Management

Operasi sebagai sebuah Proses Transformasi

Feedback

INPUT

Material

Mesin

Tenaga Kerja

Manajement

Modal

OUTPUT

Barang2

Servis

PROSES

TRANSFORMATION

BA 320 Operations Management

Proses Transformasi

Physical (manufacturing)

Locational (transportation/warehouse)

Exchange (retail)

Physiological (health care)

Psychological (entertainment)

Informational (communications)

BA 320 Operations Management

Operasi sebagai core teknik

BA 320 Operations Management

Operasi sebagai core teknik

Operasi

Finance/Accounting

Human Resources

Mark

etin

g S

up

pli

ers

BA 320 Operations Management

Sejarah Manajemen Operasi

Revolusi Industri

Manajemen Ilmiah

Human Relations

Revolusi Kualitas

Globalisasi

Revolusi Informasi/Internet

BA 320 Operations Management

Historical Events in OM

Industrial Revolution

Steam engine 1769 James Watt

Division of labor 1776 Adam Smith

Interchangeable parts 1790 Eli Whitney

Scientific Management

Principles 1911 Frederick W. Taylor

Time and motion studies 1911 Frank & Lillian Gilbreth

Activity scheduling chart 1912 Henry Gant

Moving assembly line 1913 Henry Ford

BA 320 Operations Management

Historical Events in OM Human Relations

Hawthorne studies 1930 Elton Mayo

Motivation theories 1940s Abraham Maslow

1950s Frederick Hertzberg

1960s Douglas McGregor

Management Science

Linear programming 1947 George Dantzig

Digital computer 1951 Remington Rand

Simulation, PERT/CPM, 1950s Operations research

Waiting line theory groups

MRP 1960s Joseph Orlicky, IBM

BA 320 Operations Management

Historical Events in OM Quality Revolution

JIT 1970s Taiichi Ohno, Toyota

TQM 1980s W. Edwards Deming,

Joseph Juran, et. al.

Strategy and operations Skinner, Hayes

Reengineering 1990s Hammer, Champy

World Trade Organization 1990s Numerous countries

and companies

Globalization

European Union and 1970s IBM and others

other trade agreements

EDI, EFT, CIM 1980s

BA 320 Operations Management

Historical Events in OM

Information Age/

Internet Revolution

Internet, WWW, ERP 1990s ARPANET, Tim

Supply chain Berners-Lee, SAP, i2

management, Technologies, ORACLE,

E-commerce PeopleSoft, Amazon,

Yahoo, eBay,

and others

BA 320 Operations Management

Rantai Nilai baru

Manufacturer

Wholesaler/

distributor

Retailer

Consumer

Infomediary

Manufacturer

E-Retailer

Aggregator

Portal

Consumer

Manufacturer

Wholesaler/

distributor

Retailer

Consumer

(a) Traditional Value Chain

(b) Intermediaries Eliminated (Deintermediation)

(b) New Intermediaries Introduced (Reintermediation)

BA 320 Operations Management

Integrasi Rantai Nilai

Manufacturer Supplier Customer

Flow of information (customer order)

Flow of product (order fulfillment)

BA 320 Operations Management

Tipe B2B Transaksi

Buyer Seller

Buyers

Sellers

Buyer

Sellers Buyers Sellers

(a) Electronic Storefront (b) Seller’s Auction

(c) Buyer’s Auction (d) Exchange or E-Marketplace