Ardiles Jeremia Sitorus ( Pearlitic Chromium Molybdenum Steel )

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 Ardiles Jeremia Sitorus0806455603

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Definisiy Baja pearlitic yang mengandung chromium dan sejumlah

molybdenum

y K etahahan aus yang sangat baik dan hardenability yang baik dengan Heat Treatment 

y Termasuk baja paduan rendah

y Termasuk seri 41XX Steel berdasarkan AISI

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KLASIFIKASI BAJA

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 P earlitic Chromium Molybdenum Steel  termasuk dalam

kelas Low Alloy Steel karena memiliki komposisi yaitu :

y K andungan C biasanya kurang dari 0,2 %

y *K andungan Mo antara 0,12%-0.25%

y *K andungan Cr antara 0,5% - 0.95%

*Berdasarkan ASM International tahun 2002

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© 2002 ASM International. All Rights Reserved. Metallographers

Guide: Irons and Steels (#06040G)

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Properties

y Mempunyai ratio strength to weight yang baik y Mudah di las

y Ketahanan aus yang sangat baik

y Good durability 

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Pembuatan

 

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y Setelah dilakukan pembuatan baja dilakukan heat

treatment dengan cara normalisasi &temper, quenchdan temper atau dengan di anil.

y Misalnya : Steel bar, diaustenisasi pada Temp. 845oClalu didinginkan 650oC kemudian ditahan sampai

terjadi isothermal transformasion dan didinginkansampai suhu ruang

 

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Komposisiy P

ada pengaplikasiannya, komposisi diatur sesuaidengan permintaan.Berikut ini adalah komposisibeberapa pearlitic molybdenum steel.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/41xx_steel

 

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http://www.swanmet.com/pdf/swanmet_materialspecs.pdf 

http://www.skyinet.net/~castalloydial/Classification%20of%20Alloys.html#Steel

 

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Heat Treatment

y

Tujuannya untuk menghasilkan sifat mekanik(kekuatan tarik dan luluh, ketangguhan dan ketahananabrasi) yang diinginkan

yKhusunya untuk meningkatkan kekuatan dan

ketahanan wear (abrasi)yBeberapa proses perlakuan panas pada baja secara

umum adalah:

M artensitic hardening

Pearlitic transformation Austempering

Age hardening

 

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Schematic of Time Temperature Transformation Diagram

http://www.materialsengineer.com/E-Steel%20Properties%20Overview.htm

 

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Heat Treatmenty Berdasarkan skema di atas, untuk mendapatkanPearlitic Chromium Molybdenum steel dilakukan

beberapa tahapan :- Baja diaustenisasi dengan temperatur 850°-900° C.

- Pemanasan dilakukan dalam furnace dengan electricalinduction system atau gas burner

- Kemudian diikuti dengan pendinginan denganpendinginan udara ( air cooling )

  

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Mikrostruktur Pearlitic Chromium Molybdenum Steel

Ferrite

 FinePearlite

 CoarsePearlite

MikrostrukturPearlite oleh

SEM

 

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EFEK PENAMBAHAN PADUAN

1. PENAMBAHAN MOLIBDENUM

     Meningkatkan  solid- solution  strength dan kekerasan.Dalam hal ini, dapat meningkatkan hardenability.

     Paduan ini adalah pembentuk karbida yang baik.

     Penambahan paduan ini dapat meningkatkan sifat-sifat temperatur tinggi, Meningkatkan kekuatan tarik  pada temperatur tinggi dan kekuatan creep

     Menurunkan kerentanan terhadap temper embrittlement (400-550oC)

 

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Dengan meningkatnyaMolybdenum,maka kekerasan juga meningkat

 Yield Strenght meningkat denganpenambahan kadarMolybdenum

 

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2. EFEK PENAMBAHAN CHROMIUM

     Meningkatkan ketahanan korosi dan oksidasi.

     Meningkatkan kemampukerasan.

     Meningkatkan kekuatan pada temperatur tinggi.     Peningkatan ketahanan terhadap pengaruh aus

dan abrasi.

     Unsur pembentuk karbida (elemen pengeras).

 

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http://img.alibaba.com/img/news/10/00/70/43/1256542085222_us_backyard1_640.jpg

Semakin besar kadar chromium yang ditambahkan maka corrosion ratesemakin kecil. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa baja paduan ini memilikiketahanan korosi yang semakin baik dengan penambahan chromium

 

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3. EFEK PENAMBAHAN KARBONy Larut dalam ferrite

y Pembentukan sementit (dan karbida lainnya), perlit,bainit.

y % C dan distribusinya mempengaruhi sifat baja.

y Kekuatan dan kekerasan meningkat dengan naiknya %C.

 

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Pengaruh % carbonterhadap kekerasan

 

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Contoh Pearlitic Chrom-Moly Steel

y Baja 1%Cr-O,5% M o

y Baja 2,25%Cr-1%Mo

y Baja 0,2% Cr- 1%Mo

y Baja 2,25 Cr-1 Mo

 

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Baja 1%Cr-O,5%Mo

y Merupakan tipe dari baja chrom-moly

y Digunakan untuk pembuatan pipa dan boiler tube dimana

memiliki rentang temperatur pemakaian hingga 540o

C(1000F)

y Dengan penambahan 1 % kadar Cr mengakibatkan

rentang temperatur pemakaian meningkat dengan kadar 

Mo yang tetap

 

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Baja 2,25%Cr-1%Moy Dengan kandungan Cr yang lebih banyak, membuat

 paduan ini lebih memiliki ketahanan korosi sertaketahanan creep yang lebih baik dari baja 1 % Cr-0,5 Mo

Memiliki temperatur pemakaian hingga 650

o

Cy Apabila pada baja ini ditambahkan unsur vanadium, boron

atau titanium akan menyebabkan baja ini dapat dikeraskandan memiliki ketahahan yang baik terhadap seranganHidrogen

 

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Perbandingan Cost dengan Ni-Hard dan Mn-Steel

Dibandingkan dengan

http://ts.nist.gov/MeasurementServices/ReferenceMaterials/upload/SR M-Price-List2009.pdf 

Berdasarkan data di atas maka terlihat bahwa baja pearlitic chromium-molybdenum steelmemiliki cost yang lebih rendah

 

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APLIKASI

y Ball mill grates, clamp and ball millliners exposed to high impactconditions.

y Ball and rod-mill liners, chuteliners exposed to lower low impactconditions.

 

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y GEARS

Epicyclic gearing

Rack and pinion gearing

Bevel gear

 

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CRANKSHAFTS

Crankshaft (red), pistons (gray) in theircylinders (blue), and f lywheel (black)

 

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Aplikasi

 

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Aplikasiy Heat Exchanger

 

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REFERENSI1. http://www.skyinet.net/~castalloydial/Classificatio

n%20of%20Alloys.html

2. http://www.swanmet.com/pdf/swanmet_materialspecs.pdf 

3. Slide kuliah Pak Bambang

4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/41xx_steel

5. http://www.materialsengineer.com/E-Steel%20Properties%20Overview.htm

6. http://ts.nist.gov/MeasurementServices/ReferenceMaterials/upload/SR M-Price-List2009.pdf