ANFISANTMY
-
Upload
mochi-saturnuss -
Category
Documents
-
view
248 -
download
0
Transcript of ANFISANTMY
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
1/82
ANATOMI DAN FISIOLOGI CNS
TRI
DAMAI
ELOKMIRZA
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
2/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
3/82
PEMBAGIAN SUSUNAN SARAF MANUSIA
A. Anatomi
1. Susunan Saraf Pusat (SSP) : Otak (ensefalon) dan
medula spinalis
2. Susunan Saraf Tepi (SST) : Saraf saraf kranial dan
spinal
B. Fisiologi
1. Susunan Saraf Somatik : Mensarafi struktur dindingtubuh
(otot,kult,membran mukosa)2. Susunan Saraf Otonom : Mengontrol aktivitas otot otot dan
kelenjarkelenjar bagian dalam tubuh vsera) serta
pembuluh darah
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
4/82
SSP
Otak (ensefalon)Serebrum
Telensefalon
Korteks
Subkorteks
Ganglia Basalis
Diensefalon
Talamus
Hipotalamus
Subtalamus
EpitalamusBatang Otak
Mesensefalon
Pons
Medula oblongata
Otak Kecil (serebelum)
Paleoserebelum
Neoserebelum
Arkiserebelum
Sumsum tulang belakang (medula spinalis)
Servikal
Torakal
Lumbal
Sakral
Koksigeal
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
5/82
4 Parts
Cerebrum
Diencephalon
Brain Stem
Pons
Medulla
Midbrain
Cerebellum
Gray matter surrounded by White matter
The Brain
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
6/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
7/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
8/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
9/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
10/82
Lobus Defisit Neurologik Fenomena Positif Psikopatologi/ Neuropsikologi
FRONTALIS Hemiparesis spastik (kontralateral)
Gaze paresis (kontralateral)
Bangkitan motorik fokal
Adversive fits
(gerakan tonik mata, kepala,
anggota gerak kontralateral)
Tak punya inisiatif
Afek datar
Moria (witzelsucht)
Afasia motorikBroca (dominan)
PARIETALIS Sindroma hemisensorik
(kontralateral)
Homonim kwadrananopsia bawah
(kontralateral)
Hemispasial neglect
Hilangnya nistagmus optokinetik
Bangkitan sensorik fokal
(Jacksonian)
Disorientasi ruang
Agnosia taktil
Apraksia konstruksional
Afasia amnesik (dominan)
Aleksia (dominan)
TEMPORALIS Homonim kwadrananopsia atas
(kontralateral)
Bangkitan psikomotor
Uncinate fits
Mudah marah
Disinhibisi
Defisit memori
Afasia sensorik/ Wernicke
(dominan)
OKSIPITALIS Homonim hemianopsia
(kontralateral)
Gangguan nistagmus optokinetik
Sensasi dan halusinasi visual Agnosia warna
Disorientasi visuospasial
Agnosia visual
Aleksia
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
11/82
The Limbic System
A. Cingulate gyrus
B. Fornix
C. Anterior thalamic
nuclei
D. Hypothalamus
E. Amygdaloid nucleus
F. Hippocampus
The limbic system is the area of the brain that regulates
emotion and memory. It directly connects the lower and
higher brain functions.
The limbic lobe is located deep in the
brain, and makes up the limbicsystem.
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
12/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
13/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
14/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
15/82
Cerebellum
The cerebellum is connected to thebrainstem, and is the center for body
movement and balance.
Click image to play or pause video
Cerebellum
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
16/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
17/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
18/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
19/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
20/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
21/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
22/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
23/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
24/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
25/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
26/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
27/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
28/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
29/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
30/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
31/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
32/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
33/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
34/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
35/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
36/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
37/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
38/82
Thalamus
Thalamus means inner room in Greek, as
it sits deep in the brain at the top of thebrainstem.
The thalamus is called the gateway to the
cerebral cortex, as nearly all sensory inputs
pass through it to the higher levels of the
brain.
Thalamus
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
39/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
40/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
41/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
42/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
43/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
44/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
45/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
46/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
47/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
48/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
49/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
50/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
51/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
52/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
53/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
54/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
55/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
56/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
57/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
58/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
59/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
60/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
61/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
62/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
63/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
64/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
65/82
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
66/82
LESI
LESI CEREBELLUM
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
67/82
ASTENIA (otot otot anggota gerak
Terasa lembek dan cepat lelah)
1. DISEKUILIBRIUM
PENDULAR (turunnya refleks tendon)
2. DISKOORDINASI MUSKULAR
ASINERGIA (Kesimpangsiuran gerakan)
DEKOMPOSISI GERAKAN (Gerakan urutan kontraksi otot secara volunter tdk bisa)
DISDIADOKINESIA (gerakan cepat yang arahnya berlawanan)DISMETRIA ( Hipometria jangjauan gerakan volunter yang terlampau pendek)
HIPERMETRIA
LESI CEREBELLUM
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
68/82
LOBUS FLOKULONODULARIS
GAIT ATAKSIA (kedua tungkai
Melangkah secara simpang siur dan ke2Kaki ditelapakkan secara acak - acakkan
NISTAGMUS
TRUNKAL ATAKSIA ( badan yg tdk
Bersandar tidak dapat memlihara sikapYang mantap shg bergoyang Goyang)
TREMOR DISARTHRIA
VERMIS
ROSTRAL CAUDAL
HEMISFER CEREBELLUM
LIMB ATAKSIA (ataksia yg timbul terutama pd kedua lengan)
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
69/82
LESI THALAMUS
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
70/82
Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus sits under the thalamus at thetop of the brainstem. Although the hypothalamus
is small, it controls many critical bodily functions:
Controls autonomic nervous system
Center for emotional response and behavior
Regulates body temperature
Regulates food intake
Regulates water balance and thirst
Controls sleep-wake cycles
Controls endocrine system
The hypothalamus is shaded
blue. The pituitary gland
extends from the
hypothalamus.
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
71/82
Hemibalismus lateral
Gerakan involunter kasar yang nyata dan cepat melemparbagian proksimal lengan dan tungkai
LESI SUBTHALAMUS
GANGGUAN :
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
72/82
The Brainstem
The brainstem is the mostprimitive part of the brain and
controls the basic functions of
life: breathing, heart rate,
swallowing, reflexes to sight or
sound, sweating, blood pressure,
sleep, and balance.The brainstem can be divided into
three major sections.
Click image to play or pause video
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
73/82
Hemiplegi alternans (Hemiplegi kontralat UMN, ggn N III
Ipsilat LMN, parese
n. XII kontralat UMN, parese n.IX,X
kontralateral UMN
SINDROMA WEBER :
Hemiplegi alternans N. III kiri
UMN : Otot tubuh sisi kanan ( N. XII, N. IX dan X)
LMN : N. III kiri (midriasis, strabismus divergen,
diplopia, ptosis)
SINDROMA BENEDICT :
Hemiplegi alternans ringan
Parese N.III ringan
Gerakan involunter lengan & tungkai yg paretik
(ringan)
LESI MESENSEFALON
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
74/82
The Pons
The pons is the rounded brainstemregion between the midbrain and
the medulla oblongata. In fact, pons
means bridge in Latin.
The main function of the pons is to
connect the cerebellum to the rest of
the brain and to modify the
respiratory output of the medulla.
The pons is the origin of several
cranial nerves.
LESI PONS
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
75/82
Hemiplegi alternans (Hemiplegi kontralat
UMN, ggn N.VI & N.VII Ipsilateral LMN
SINDROMA MILLIARD GUBLER :
Kelumpuhan LMN yg melanda otot otot yg disarafi N.VI, VII, ipsilat
Strabismus convergen
SINDROMA FOVILLE :
Lesi yg mengenai serabut kortiko
bulbar N.VI (deviasi conjugate)
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
76/82
The Medulla Oblongata
The medulla oblongata merges seamlesslywith the spinal cord and creates the base
of the brainstem.
The medula is primarily a control center
for vital involuntary reflexes such as
swallowing, vomiting, sneezing, coughing,
and regulation of cardiovascular and
respiratory activity.
The medulla is also the origin of many
cranial nerves. N.IX / X
LESI MEDULA OBLONGATA (lateral)
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
77/82
1. SINDROMA MEDULAR LATERAL (SINDROM WALLENBERG)Hemihipestesi alternans, Hipestesi tubuh kontralateral, Hipestesi wajah ipsilateral
Ataksia ipsilateral
Vertigo
Sindroma Horner ipsilateral, nistagmus, gangguan bicara, gangguan menelan
LESI MEDULA OBLONGATA (medial)
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
78/82
2. SINDROMA MEDULAR MEDIAL HEMIPLEGI
ALTERNANS = MEDIAL (BASAL) MEDULLARY
SYNDROME (DEJERINE SYNDROME)
Lumpuh UMN tubuh kontralateral di bawah
leher
Lumpuh LMN lidah ipsilateralDisebabkan OBSTRUKSI Cab paramedian
Dari Arteri basilaris atau Vertebralis
CSF: sodium chloride ions proteins
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
79/82
CSF: sodium, chloride ions, proteins,glucose, O2
Liquid cushion for brain and
spinal cord
Nourishes brain
Removes waste
Conducts chemical signals
between parts of CNS
Produced in Choroid Plexuses:
group of capillaries surrounded
by ependymal cells
Forms as a filtrate of blood
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
80/82
CAROTIDSYSTEM
VERTEBRO-
BASILARSYSTEM
( circulus arteriosus Willisii).
LESI ARTERI VERTEBRO-BASILER
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
81/82
Lesi intrakranial berdasar kelainan motorik
-
7/28/2019 ANFISANTMY
82/82
Lesi intrakranial berdasar kelainan motorik
Hemiparese / hemiplegia
Tipika hemisfereAlternans brainstem
Posisi ekstremitas : posisi dekortikasiposisi deserebrasi
Test fungsi batang otak : pernafasanref. batang otak
Involuntari movement : ggn pd susunan
ekstrapiramidal.
Ggn. Koordinasi :ggn pd serebellum.