02 - Java Programming

8/2/2019 02 - Java Programming

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Java ProgrammingFundamental and Flow Control


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Penamaan variabel

Case sensitive dan tidak boleh sama dengan keyword

Diawali dengan huruf, _ , atau $. Dianjurkan menggunakan

huruf untuk awal setiap variabel

Tidak boleh mengandung spasi atau karakter khusus lainnya Jika variabel terdiri dari satu kata, dianjurkan untuk

menggunakan huruf kecil. Dan jika lebih dari satu kata

menggunakan Huruf besar untuk awal kata kedua dan

seterusnya

Variabel didefinisikan dalam format:

type identifier [ = value][, identifier [= value] ...] ;


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Java Keyword


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Tipe data

Java memiliki 8 tipe data standart (primitive types of data) yaitu: byte, short, int, long,

char, float, double, and boolean.

Kedelapan tipe data ini dikelompokkan menjadi:

Integers (byte, short, int dan long)

Floating-point (float and double)

Characters I (char, dapat berisi dari huruf dan angka atau karakter khusus)

Boolean (boolean, menunjukkan nilai true/false)


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Tipe data.

Tipe data Default ukuran Rentang nilai

byte 0 8bit/1byte -128 s.d. 127

short 0 16 bit/2 byte -32,768 s.d 32,767

integer 0 32 bit/4 byte -2,147,483,648 s.d. 2,147,483,647

long 0L 64 bit/8 byte -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 s.d. 9,223,372,036,854,775,807

float 0.0f 32 bit/4 byte 1.4E-45 s.d 3.4028235E38

double 0.0d 64 bit/8 byte 4.9E-324 s.d. 1.7976931348623157E308

char \u0000 16 bit unicode \u0000 s.d. \uffff

boolean false true or false


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Variable scope

Dalam java, sebuah

variabel akan dikenali

didalam blok dimana

variabel tersebutdideklarasikan dan blok-

blok yang ada ditingkat

yang lebih rendah

// Demonstrate block scope.

class Scope {

public static void main(String args[]) {

// known to all code within main

int x;

x = 10;

if(x == 10) { // start new scope

// known only to this blockint y = 20;

// x and y both known here.

System.out.println("x and y: " + x

+ " " + y);

x = y * 2;

}

// y = 100; // Error! y not known here// x is still known here.

System.out.println("x is " + x);

}

}


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OperatorSimple Assignment Operator

= Simple assignment operator

Arithmetic Operators

+ Additive operator (also used for String concatenation)

- Subtraction operator

* Multiplication operator

/ Division operator

% Remainder operator

Unary Operators

+ Unary plus operator; indicates positive value (numbers are positive

without this, however)

- Unary minus operator; negates an expression

++ Increment operator; increments a value by 1

-- Decrement operator; decrements a value by 1

! Logical compliment operator; inverts the value of a boolean


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Operator

Equality and Relational Operators

== Equal to

!= Not equal to

> Greater than

>= Greater than or equal to< Less than

Signed right shift

>>> Unsigned right shift


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Selection, if statement

Syntax:

if (condition) statement1;

else statement2;

atau

if (condition) {

statement1;

}

else {

statement1;

}

Contoh:

int a, b;

// penggunaan if

if(a < b) a = 0;

else b = 0;

int bytesAvailable;

// ...

if (bytesAvailable > 0) {

ProcessData();

bytesAvailable -= n;

}else {

waitForMoreData();

bytesAvailable = n;

}


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Selection, nested if

Syntax:

if(condition)

statement;

else if(condition)

statement;

else if(condition)statement;

.

.

.

else

statement;

Contoh:

class IfElse {


int month = 4; // April

String season;

if(month == 12 || month == 1 || month == 2)

season = "Winter";else if(month == 3 || month == 4 || month == 5)

season = "Spring";

else if(month == 6 || month == 7 || month == 8)

season = "Summer";

else if(month == 9 || month == 10 || month == 11)

season = "Autumn";

else

season = "Bogus Month";

System.out.println("April is in the " + season + ".");

}

}


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Selection, switch

Syntax:

switch (expression) {

case value1:

// statement sequence

break;

case value2:// statement sequence

break;

.

.

.

case valueN:

// statement sequence

break;

default:

// default statement sequence

}

Contoh:class Switch {


int month = 4;

String season;

switch (month) {

case 12:

case 1:

case 2:

season = "Winter"; break;

case 3:case 4:

case 5:

season = "Spring"; break;

case 6:

case 7:

case 8:

season = "Summer"; break;

case 9:

case 10:case 11:

season = "Autumn"; break;

default:

season = "Bogus Month";

}

System.out.println("April is in the " + season + ".");

}

}


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Iteration: while, do..while and for

Syntax:

while(condition) {

// body of loop

}

do {

// body of loop

} while (condition);

for(initialization; condition; iteration) {

// body

}


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Iteration: contoh

02 - Java Programming

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