Post on 03-Apr-2019
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STUDI TEKNIS DAN EKONOMIS MODIFIKASI KAPAL SAM PROSPER I
MOH IRFAN ABD RAHMANMOH.IRFAN ABD RAHMAN
4208 100 521
TEKNIK SISTEM PERKAPALAN
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Latar Belakang
Adanya rencana penyewaan supply vessel dari pihak Conoco Philips kepada pihak PT. Pelayaran Sumatra Wahana PerkasaPihak owner (PT. Pelayaran Sumatra Wahana Perkasa) telah memiliki kapal lama Balongan yang sudah tidak difungsikan l i b i k l t dlagi sebagai kapal tundaSehingga dilakukan modifikasi terhadap kapal Balongan tersebut agar menjadi sebuah supply vessel dan PT. Dok dan Perkapalan Surabaya yang ditunjuk sebagai builder nyaPerkapalan Surabaya yang ditunjuk sebagai builder-nyaPenambahan beberapa fasilitas untuk meningkatkan fungsi kapal ini agar lebih optimal sebagai supply vessel.
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PERUMUSAN MASALAH
• Bagaimana pengaruh penambahan fasilitas• Bagaimana pengaruh penambahan fasilitas pendukung kapal terhadap kondisi teknis kapal ?
• Bagaimana analisa bollard pull calculation pada kondisi ideal kapal ?
• Bagaimana evaluasi ekonomi jika proses• Bagaimana evaluasi ekonomi, jika proses pengadaan kapal ini diasumsikan sebagai suatu proyek ?
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BATASAN MASALAH
• Pada analisa tugas akhir ini analisa teknis yang dilakukan adalah terhadap berat kapal, stabilitas, speed-power prediction dan bollard pull
• Kondisi perairan yang dianalisa adalah kondisi berdasarkan kondisi yang ditentukan oleh tools yang digunakan yaitu Maxsurf Pro,Hydromax dan Hullspeed.
• Kondisi bobot kapal kosong dihitung berdasarkan berat konstruksi kapal dan permesinnannya seperti yang ada pada data material requirement hull and machinery yang diterbitkan oleh galanganditerbitkan oleh galangan
• Seluruh harga yang tercantum pada evaluasi ekonomi kapal merupakan harga total setiap item dari masing –masing komponen. g p
• Harga berdasarkan kondisi ekonomi Indonesia pada tahun 2010 dan berdasarkan kontrak kerja galangan dan pemilik serta data kalkulasi galangan.
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TUJUAN
• Mengetahui pengaruh penambahan fasilitas –fasilitas pendukung kapal terhadap kondisi teknis kapal
• Optimasi layout galangan• Optimasi layout galangan• Mengetahui kelayakan pengadaan kapal ini
dilihat dari evaluasi ekonominya.
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Pembahasan
1. Penentuan Ukuran Utama KapalLength Over All : 34.00 mLength Waterline : 32.65 mBeam (moulded) : 9.00 mDepth (moulded) : 3.60 mDraft (designed) : 2.80 mComplement : 15 men
2. Penentuan Berat kapalΔ = Lwl x B x T x cb x 1.025 ton/m3
= 32.65 m x 9 m x 2.8 m x 0.63 x 1.025 ton/m3
= 531.31 ton
Δ = DWT + LWT
LWT = Berat konstruksi + berat permesinan
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PembahasanNAMA BARANG / NAMA BARANG /
SPESIFIKASI JUMLAH SATUAN BERATNAMA BARANG / MATERIAL
( I t e m )
SPESIFIKASI ( Specification )
JUMLAH ( Qty )
SATUAN ( Unit )
BERAT ( Unit )
STEEL PLATEUkuran (Dimension)
20' x 6' x 8 mm KI Grade "A" 10 Sheet 6,998.11
NO.NAMA BARANG /
MATERIAL ( I t e m )
SPESIFIKASI ( Specification )
JUMLAH ( Qty )
SATUAN ( Unit )
BERAT ( Unit )
1 STEEL PLATEUkuran (Dimension)
20' x 6' x 8 mm KI Grade "A" 25 Sheet 17,495.28
20' x 6' x 9 mm KI Grade "A" 2 Sheet 1,575.26
20' x 6' x 9 mm KI Grade "A" 2 Sheet 1,575.26
20' x 6' x 10 mm KI Grade "A" 5 Sheet 4,373.82
20' x 6' x 12 mm KI Grade "A" 3 Sheet 3,149.15
20' x 6' x 14 mm KI Grade "A" 2 Sheet 2,449.34
20' x 6' x 15 mm KI Grade "A" 5 Sheet 6 560 73
20' x 6' x 10 mm KI Grade "A" 7 Sheet 6,123.35
20' x 6' x 12 mm KI Grade "A" 3 Sheet 3,149.15
20' x 6' x 13 mm KI Grade "A" 3 Sheet 3,411.58
20' x 6' x 16 mm KI Grade "A" 1 Sheet 1,399.62
20 x 6 x 15 mm KI Grade A 5 Sheet 6,560.73
20' x 6' x 20 mm KI Grade "A" 2 Sheet 3,499.06
20' x 6' x 60 mm KI Grade "A" 2 Sheet 10,497.17
TOTAL PLATE (1) 39,102.63 PROFILE ( L = 20' )Ukuran (Dimension)
TOTAL PLATE (1) 41 33,154.24 2 PROFILE ( L = 20' )
Ukuran (Dimension)L 90 x 90 x 9 KI Grade "A" 16 Pc 1,171.20
L 100 x 100 x 10 KI Grade "A" 8 Pc 715.20
TOTAL PROFILE (2) 24 1,886.40 3 PILLAR
L 90 x 90 x 9 KI Grade "A" 10 Pc 732.00
L 100 x 100 x 10 KI Grade "A" 3 Pc 268.20
TOTAL PROFILE (2) 1,000.20 PILLAR80 NB SCH 80 STPG 38 E SCH 80 4 Pc 367.20
3 PILLAR100 NB SCH 80 STPG 38 E SCH 80 4 Pc 537.60
80 NB SCH 80 STPG 38 E SCH 80 2 Pc 183.60
TOTAL PILLAR (3) 6 721.20 4 ROUND BAR
Dia 40 SRB KI 4 Pc 768.00
Di 19 SRB KI 1 P 143 00ROUND BARDia 40 SRB KI 8 Pc 1,536.00
TOTAL (1) + (2) + (3) + (4) 42,006.03
Dia 19 SRB KI 1 Pc 143.00
TOTAL ROUND BAR (4) 5 911.00
TOTAL (1) + (2) + (3) + (4) 36,672.84
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Pembahasan
pelat (raw material)ukuran 6000 x 1800 x 8W = 6 x 1.8 x 0.008 x 7850
= 678.24 kg 678.24 kg*harga tersebut merupakan harga berat per satuan baja dengan ukuran 20” x 6” x 8 mm
profil (raw material)ukuran 90x90x9 (20”)ukuran 90x90x9 (20 )W = ((0.09 x 0.009)x2) x 6 x 0.87 x 7850
= 66.383 kg*harga tersebut merupakan harga berat per satuan profil dengan ukuran L90 x 90 x 9 (20”)
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PembahasanNo Description Weight Remark QTY Total
Blok 1 = 42.811 tonBlok 2 = 38.108 tonBlok 3 = 38.439 tonBlok 4 = 36.507 ton
1 Main Engine 4222 Cummins KTA38 1200 HP 2 8444
2 Main Generator 660 Cummins 6CTA8.3 188kW 3 1980
3 Main Switchboard 1100 - 1 1100
4 G.S/Fire Pump 210 PumpQuip 2 420
5 Bilge Pump 37.5 PumpQuip 1 37.5
6Fuel Oil Transfer
Pump 55 PumpQuip 1 55Blok 4 36.507 tonBlok 5 = 30.780 tonBlok 6 = 29.842 tonBlok 7 = 15.737 tonBlok 8 = 9.922 tonBlok 9 = 10 909 ton
Pump7 Fuel Oil Hand Pump 27.5 - 1 27.5
8 Fresh Water Pressure Pump
30 PumpQuip 2 60
9 Sea Water Pressure Pump
30 PumpQuip 1 30
10Sea Water Cooling
Pump 95 PumpQuip 1 95
11 Dirty Oil Transfer 30 PumpQuip 1 30Blok 9 = 10.909 ton
TOTAL = 253.055 ton
11 yPump
30 PumpQuip 1 30
12 Oily Water Separator Pump
30 PumpQuip 1 30
13 FIFI Pump 930 PumpQuip 1 930
14 Tugger Winch 5500 Marine Equipment 1 5500
15 Towing Winch 3000 Marine Equipment 1 3000
16 Hydraulic Anchor Windlass
1500 Marine Equipment 1 3000Windlass
18 Provision Deck Crane 260 Fassi 1 260
19 Hydraulic Deck Crane 630 Fassi 1 630
20 Main Air Compressor 220 Matsubara 2 440
21 AC Cooling Pump 165 PumpQuip 1 165
22 Stand-by SW Cooling Pump
220 PumpQuip 1 220
Stand-by FW Cooling23 Stand by FW Cooling Pump
165 PumpQuip 1 165
24 LO Stand-by Pump 145 PumpQuip 2 290
25 LO Transfer Pump 55 PumpQuip 1 5526964
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Pembahasan
pondasi – pondasi permesinan1.pondasi pedestal crane : 1000 kg2.pondasi mesin utama : 2500 kg3.pondasi gear box : 1000 kg3.pondasi gear box : 1000 kg4.pondasi motor bantu : 800 kg5.pondasi harbour generator : 300 kg6.pondasi bow thruster : 400 kg7.pondasi pompa – pompa : 600 kg8 pondasi air compressor : 200 kg8.pondasi air compressor : 200 kg9.pondasi purifier : 200 kg10.pondasi OWS : 200 kg11.pondasi sewage treament : 400 kg
Total berat pondasi : 7600 kg
Wr = 0.19 x (894.84)0.7
= 0.19 x 116.47= 22 12 ton= 22.12 ton
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Pembahasan
Wm = Wpondasi + Wmachinery + Wreminder= 7600 kg + 26964 kg + 22120 kg= 56684 kg= 56.684 ton 56.684 ton
LWT = Wkonstruksi + Wmachinery= 253.055 ton + 56.684 ton= 309.739 ton
LWT = 1.02 x LWT desain= 1 02 x 309 739 ton= 1.02 x 309.739 ton= 315.934 ton
∆ = LWT + DWT531.31 ton = 315.934 ton + DWTDWT = 531.31 ton – 315.934 ton
= 215.376 tonDWT = Wconsumeables + Wcrew&baggage + Wstore+prov
+ payload215.376 ton = 184.77 ton + 1.35 ton + 11.85 ton
+ payload+ payloadPayload = 215.376 – (184.77 ton + 13.2 ton)
= 215.376 – 197.97 ton= 17.406 ton
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Pembahasan
VOLUME(m3) WEIGHT(t)
FPT (C ) Fore Peak SBT 5.8 5.945
SWB (P) S.B Deep Tank 4.72 4.838
SWB (S) S.B Deep Tank 6.62 6.786
TANK NO. TANK TYPECAPACITY
1. Sea Water Ballast Tank (SBT) (SG = 1.025 ton / m3)
SWB (C ) S.B Deep Tank 6.47 6.632
1 FO (P) F.O Double Bottom Tank 16.52631579 14.130
1 FO (S) F.O Double Bottom Tank 16.52631579 14.130
2 FO (P) F.O Deep Tank 18.29239766 15.640
2 FO (S) F O D T k 18 29239766 15 640
2. Fuel Oil Tank (SG = 0.855 ton / m3)
2 FO (S) F.O Deep Tank 18.29239766 15.640
3 FO (P) F.O Deep Tank 26.03508772 22.260
3 FO (S) F.O Deep Tank 26.03508772 22.260
FO DAY TK (P) F.O Day Tank 1.350877193 1.155
FO DAY TK (S) F.O Day Tank 1.350877193 1.155
3. PORTABLE WATER TANK (FW) (SG = 1 ton / m3)
1 FW (P) F.W Double Bottom Tank 12.37 12.37
1 FW (S) F.W Double Bottom Tank 12.37 12.37
2 FW (P) F.W Deep Tank 26.43 26.43
2 FW (S) F.W Deep Tank 26.43 26.43
SEWAGE TANK Sewage Tank 0.19 0.19
4 LUB OIL TANK DIRTY OIL TANK (SG = 0 9 ton / m3)
DIRTY LO (C ) Dirty L.O Tank 0.322222222 0.29
DIRTY FO (C ) Dirty F.O Tank 0.377777778 0.34
208.990TOTAL
4. LUB. OIL TANK, DIRTY OIL TANK (SG = 0.9 ton / m3)
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Pembahasan
6. Bollard Pull Calculation
Bollard pull prediction for tug equipped with fixed pitch propeller and kort-nozzle:P = (BHP x 0.9 x 1.20) / 100 ton
= (1200 x 0.9 x 1.20) / 100= 1296 / 100= 12.96 ton
Karena digunakan 2 buah mesin induk dengan kapasitas maksimal 1200 HP makaKarena digunakan 2 buah mesin induk dengan kapasitas maksimal 1200 HP maka besar bollard pull-nya adalah :
P = 2 x 12.96 ton= 25.92 ton
F l 1Formula 1 :Menentukan besar kecepatan tunda kapal
BHP = (D(2/3) x v2)) / 1201200 = (531.31(2/3) (v2)) / 120
= (354.206 (v2)) / 120( ( ))
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Pembahasan
6. Bollard Pull Calculation
144000 = 664.1375 x v2
V2 = 144.000 / 664.1375= 216.82
V = 14.72 knots
Formula 2 :Formula 2 :Rough calculation of required Bollard Pull in case of ship-shaped tows:
R = (2.5 (R1 + R2 + R3 )) / 2240
R1 = F x S x V2
0 01 2895 4919 ft2 14 722 k t= 0.01 x 2895.4919 ft2 x 14.722 knots= 6273.9
R2 = D2 x V2 x N= 43.0556 x 216.822 x 2= 18670.8
R3 = 0.1 x R2= 0.1 x 18670.8= 1867.08
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Pembahasan
6. Bollard Pull Calculation
R = (2.5(6273.9+18670.8+1867.08))/2240= (2.5 x 26811.7855) / 2240= 67029.4638 / 2240= 29.92 ton
Formula 3 :Formula 3 :Rough calculation of requested Bollard Pull under consideration of aerodynamic
resistance and Seas state :P = (D2/3 x v3) / 7200 +(cmw x B x D1) x K
= (531.312/3 x 14.723) / 7200 +(0 0025 9 10 6) 4(0.0025 x 9 x 10.6) x 4
= (209229.1015 / 7200) + 0.954= 29.06 + 0.954= 30 ton
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Pembahasan
7. Net Present Value
Diketahui data sebagai berikut :Investasi (I) = Rp.23.225.297.000
= U$.135.000= Rp.24.480.797.000
Annual benefit (Ab) = Rp.3.255.000.000Annual cost (Ac) = Rp.671.927.000Annual cost (Ac) Rp.671.927.000Insidential cost (Ic)t=2 = Rp.67.192.700Overhaul (Oh)t=5 = Rp.892.274.000Sisa (S) = Rp.15.000.000.000Umur investasi (n) = 20 tahunS k b (i) 7%Suku bunga (i) = 7%
NPV = ∑CFt (FBP)= -I + Ab (P/A,i,n) + S (P/F,i,n) – Ac (P/A,i,n) – Oh (P/F,i,n) – Ic (P/F,i,n)= -24.480.797.000 + 3.255.000.000(P/A,7,20) + 15.000.000.000(P/F,7,20) –( ) ( )
671.927.000(P/A,7,20) – 892.274.000(P/F,7,5) – 67.192.700(P/F,7,2)
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Pembahasan
7. Net Present Value
Dimana(P/A,7,20) = 10.5940(P/F,7,20) = 0.2584(P/F,7,5) = 0.7130(P/F,7,2) = 0.8734
Sehingga,NPV = -24.480.797.000 + 3.255.000.000(10.594) + 15.000.000.000(0.2584) –
671.927.000(10.594) – 892.274.000(0.713) – 67.192.700(0.8734)= -24.480.797.000 + 34.483.470.000 + 3.876.000.000 – 7.118.394.638 – 636.191.362
58 686 105– 58.686.105= 6.065.400.895
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Pembahasan
8. Discounted Payback Period
Diketahui data sebagai berikut :Investasi (I) = Rp.23.225.297.000
= U$.135.000= Rp.24.480.797.000
Annual benefit (Ab) = Rp.3.255.000.000Annual cost (Ac) = Rp.671.927.000Annual cost (Ac) Rp.671.927.000Insidential cost (Ic)t=2 = Rp.67.192.700Overhaul (Oh)t=5 = Rp.892.274.000Sisa (S) = Rp.15.000.000.000Umur investasi (n) = 20 tahunS k b (i) 7%Suku bunga (i) = 7%
Karena cash flow tidak annual maka dipakai formula sebagai berikut :
k(PBP) = ∑CFt (FBP)t > 0(PBP) ∑ t ( )t
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Pembahasan
8. Discounted Payback Period
CF = -I + Ab (P/A,i,n) – Ac (P/A,i,n) – Oh (P/F,i,n) – Ic (P/F,i,n)Dimana(P/A,i,n) = tergantung variabel tahun(P/F,i,n) = tergantung variabel tahun(P/F,i,n) = tergantung variabel tahun(P/F,i,n) = tergantung variabel tahun(P/F,i,n) tergantung variabel tahun* tabel bunga buku Ekonomi Teknik oleh Drs.M.Giantman, Mse
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t I t i Ab A Oh(t 5) I (t 2) P/A P/F A (A I) K t
Payback Period Method (i=7%)
t Investasi Ab Ac Oh(t=5) Ic(t=2) P/A P/F A (A-I) Keputusan
- 24,480,797,000 3,255,000,000 671,927,000 892,274,000 67,192,700 0.000 0.000 0 -24,480,797,000 n/a
1 0 3,042,123,000 627,982,974 0 0 0.935 0.935 3,670,105,974 -20,810,691,026 n/a
2 0 5,885,040,000 1,214,844,016 0 62,798,297 1.808 0.873 7,162,682,313 -13,648,008,712 n/a
3 0 8,542,096,500 1,763,338,026 0 0 2.624 0.816 10,305,434,526 -3,342,574,186 n/a
4 0 11,025,336,000 2,275,951,134 0 58,686,104 3.387 0.763 13,359,973,239 10,017,399,052 Benefit
5 0 13,346,151,000 2,755,035,085 833,919,280 0 4.100 0.713 16,935,105,366 26,952,504,418 Benefit
6 0 15,514,957,500 3,202,740,046 0 54,849,401 4.767 0.666 18,772,546,947 45,725,051,365 Benefit
7 0 17,542,171,500 3,621,216,181 0 0 5.389 0.623 21,163,387,681 66,888,439,046 Benefit
8 0 19,436,581,500 4,012,277,695 0 51,261,311 5.971 0.582 23,500,120,506 90,388,559,552 Benefit
9 0 21,206,976,000 4,377,738,790 0 0 6.515 0.544 25,584,714,790 115,973,274,342 Benefit
10 0 22,861,818,000 4,719,346,477 779,312,112 47,908,395 7.024 0.508 28,408,384,984 144,381,659,326 Benefit
11 0 24,408,268,500 5,038,578,995 0 0 7.499 0.475 29,446,847,495 173,828,506,821 Benefit
12 0 25,853,488,500 5,336,914,583 0 44,770,496 7.943 0.444 31,235,173,579 205,063,680,400 Benefit
13 0 27,204,313,500 5,615,764,288 0 0 8.358 0.415 32,820,077,788 237,883,758,188 Benefit
14 0 28,466,602,500 5,876,337,579 0 41,840,894 8.746 0.388 34,384,780,973 272,268,539,160 Benefit
15 0 29,646,214,500 6,119,843,923 728,363,266 0 9.108 0.362 36,494,421,690 308,762,960,850 Benefit
16 0 30,748,683,000 6,347,425,598 0 39,106,151 9.447 0.339 37,135,214,750 345,898,175,600 Benefit
17 0 31,779,216,000 6,560,157,686 0 0 9.763 0.317 38,339,373,686 384,237,549,286 Benefit
18 0 32,742,370,500 6,758,980,886 0 36,546,110 10.059 0.296 39,537,897,495 423,775,446,781 Benefit
19 0 33,642,378,000 6,944,768,701 0 0 10.336 0.277 40,587,146,701 464,362,593,482 Benefit
20 0 34,483,470,000 7,118,394,638 680,715,835 34,154,049 10.594 0.258 42,316,734,522 506,679,328,004 Benefit
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Kesimpulan
1. Kapal supply vessel Sam Prosper I dengan ukuran utama sebagai berikut :Length Over All : 34.00 mLength Waterline : 32.65 mBeam (moulded) : 9.00 mBeam (moulded) : 9.00 mDepth (moulded) : 3.60 mDraft (designed) : 2.80 mComplement : 15 menDWT : 215.376 tonLWT : 315 934 tonLWT : 315.934 tonPayload : 17.5 tonDraught (LWT) : 2.184 mDraught (Full) : 3.2 m
2. Kondisi stabilitas kapal berdasarkan kriteria IMO A.167 adalah sebagai berikut :
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Kesimpulan
- Kondisi kapal kosongCriteria Value Units Actual Status
GZ area between 0 and angle of maximum GZ shall not be less
than3.151 m.deg 12.162 PASS
than
Area 30 to 40 shall not be less than 1.719 m.deg 6.377 PASS
Maximum GZ at 30 or greater shall not be less than
0.2 m 0.666 PASS
Angle of maximum GZ shall not be less than 15 deg 27.5 PASS
Criteria Value Units Actual Status
GZ area between 0 and angle of maximum GZ shall not be less
than 3.151 m.deg 11.227 PASS
- Kondisi kapal penuh
Initial GMt shall be greater than 0.15 m 2.411 PASS
Criteria Value Units Actual Status
GZ area between 0 and angle of
Area 30 to 40 shall not be less than 1.719 m.deg 5.29 PASS
Maximum GZ at 30 or greater shall not be less than
0.2 m 0.534 PASS
Angle of maximum GZ shall not be less than 15 deg 34.5 PASS
gmaximum GZ shall not be less
than 3.151 m.deg 14.524 PASS
Area 30 to 40 shall not be less than 1.719 m.deg 5.742 PASS
Maximum GZ at 30 or greater shall not be less than 0.2 m 0.586 PASS
Angle of maximum GZ shall not be
Initial GMt shall be greater than 0.15 m 1.255 PASS
Angle of maximum GZ shall not be less than 15 deg 39 PASS
Initial GMt shall be greater than 0.15 m 1.246 PASS
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Kesimpulan
3. Bollard pull calculation Speed (kts) BHP(HP) Bollard Pull
(ton)
0 0 0
0.75 0.07 0.001512
1.5 0.53 0.011448
2.25 1.7 0.03672
3 3.86 0.083376
3.75 7.28 0.157248
4.5 12.2 0.26352
5.25 18.85 0.40716
6 27.53 0.594648
6.75 38.73 0.836568
7.5 53.43 1.154088
8.25 73.31 1.583496
9 101.07 2.183112
9.75 144.38 3.118608
10.5 205.41 4.436856
11.25 274.44 5.927904
12 359.41 7.763256
12.75 492.63 10.640808
13.5 722.09 15.597144
14.25 1069.72 23.105952
15 1450.63 31.333608
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Kesimpulan
Berdasarkan evaluasi ekonomi dengan cash-flow sebagai berikut :Investasi (I) = Rp.23.225.297.000
= U$.135.000= Rp.24.480.797.000 Rp.24.480.797.000
Annual benefit (Ab) = Rp.3.255.000.000Annual cost (Ac) = Rp.671.927.000Insidential cost (Ic)t=2 = Rp.67.192.700Overhaul (Oh)t=5 = Rp.892.274.000Sisa (S) = Rp 15 000 000 000Sisa (S) = Rp.15.000.000.000Umur investasi (n) = 20 tahunSuku bunga (i) = 7%Dengan metode evaluasi NPV dan PBP dengan hasil sebagai berikut :NPV > 1PBP = 4 tahun Disimpulkan bahwa investasi layak (feasible)