Post on 21-Jul-2015
StratifikasiSosial ?
Sistem dimana masyarakat dikategorikan dalam hierarki,
sehingga beberapa orang memiliki lebih banyak uang, kekuasaan , dan
prestige daripada yang lain
Prinsip Dasar dalam
Macionis
A Trait of Society
Persists Over Generations
Universal But Variable
Involves not just Inequality, but Beliefs
Bentuk Stratifikasi Sosial
• Usia
• Jenis KelaminPerolehan
• Agama
• Etnik
• Ras
KeanggotaanKelompok
• PendidikanStatus yang
Diraih
• Pekerjaan
• Ekonomi
DalamKehidupanSehari-hari
Mobilitas SosialPerubahan posisi dalam hierarki
sosial
Antargenerasi
IntragenerasiMobilitasbersifatVertikal
Bentuk Mobilitas Sosial
Caste System
• Social stratification based on ascription, or birth
Class System
• Social stratification based on both birth and individual achievement
Caste and Class System
Cara Mempelajari Stratifikasi Sosial
Menurut Zanden adal 3 pendekatan untuk mempelajari stratifikasi sosial
Pendekatan Objektif
Pendekatan Subyektif
Pendekatan Reputational
Mengurangi Ketidaksamaan dalam
Masyarakat
Program Inpres Desa Tertinggal (IDT)
Program Kredit Mahasiswa
Beasiswa dan pembebasan SPP
Pembangunan perumahan rakyat murah
Ideology
• Plato
– Every culture considers some type of inequality just.
• Marx
– Capitalist societies keep wealth and
power for a few.
• Spencer
– “Survival of the fittest”
Cultural beliefs that justify particular social arrangements,
including patterns of inequality
The Davis Moore Thesis
• The greater the importance of a position, the more rewards a society attaches to it.
• Egalitarian societies offer little incentive for people to try their best.
• Positions a society considers more important must reward enough to draw talented people
Social stratification has beneficial consequences for the operation
of a society
Karl Marx: Class and Conflict
• Most people have one of two
relationships with the means of
production.
• Capitalism creates great
inequality in power and wealth.
• This oppression would drive the
working majority to organize
and overthrow the capitalism.
Stratification and
Interaction• Differences in social class
position can affect interaction.
• People interact primarily with others of similar social standing.
• Conspicuous consumption refers to buying and using products because of the "statement" they make about social position.
Stratification and Technology: A
Global Perspective
• Hunting and gathering societies
• Horticultural, pastoral, and agrarian societies
• Industrial societies
• The Kuznets curve