Traditional Versus Modern Education System: A Deep Dive
P. Dharani
Student, IFIM College, Bangalore
Dr. Gitanjali.H. S
Assistant Professor, IFIM College, Bangalore
Dr. Lakshmi
Research Mentor, Accendere knowledge Management Services, Bangalore
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to understand how the modern education is important today and how
it affects the student with the usage of unlimited sources and develop good citizenship, their
creativity and interpersonal skills. Education means a lot in everyone’s life. Earliest education
procedure involved communicating material about congregation nutrition and delivering shelter;
weapons and other apparatuses; deeds; erudition language; and acquiring the values; and rites or
practices of given culture. In prehistoric period people learned to continue to exist against natural
forces, animals and other humans. These people were lived in an atmosphere in which they have
struggled. But today’s Modern education is aided with a variety of expertise, computer,
projectors, internet, and various sources. Comparative analysis is used for this study. In this
paper, the impact of electronic education on advanced education and traditional classrooms;
differences between traditional education and modern education system were discussed in detail.
The importance of modern education system is one can stand independently without taking help
from the others with the usage of internet sources. This paper analyses the flow of modern
education system in a unique way.
Keywords: Higher education, Modern education, Interpersonal skills, traditional education,
capability approach.
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Introduction
Education is a knowledge or experience acquired by a learner after studying particular subject
matters. Conventional education, which is widely participated in schools, is more or less old
fashioned. Where each student is given assignments and he/she is valued on the basis of those
assignments. Modern education is of choices independency and innovation. Traditional
technique of education fails to impart the problem solving and critical thinking ability among the
students as it adopts recitation and memorisation techniques. As on March 2015, 4 lakh endorsed
teaching posts are vacant in country wide. (Sastry, 2015) There is no teaching activity in primary
schools due to lack of knowledge from teachers because there is no specific training for teachers
therefore school education has not improved. Being in a schools and colleges once strike to get
entitled to their monthly salaries. There is no wonder in it that everyone aspires to be a teacher
because it’s viewed one of the last resorts of employment. Teaching activity should be an activity
filled with enthusiasm, but today it’s filled with lethargy and lack of familiarity. (Chundamannil,
2013) Now-a-days in everywhere not only India person aged 8 years and above who can read
and write with understanding in any different language can consider as literate. It means literacy
is good enough. One cannot tell that literacy is good enough because children in standard 9 in
unable to solve 5 digits by 1-digit division problem and one more fact in modern education is
enrolment ratios in education. It is nothing but fraction of students enrols for higher education
after passing from a lower education. In the sense those students who are passing 10th and
promoted to 11th classes, there are only few finishing schools, and few join a college (Bok,
2009). Previously, there is no such a good technology, so no one has come forward to join in
diploma course. Due to increase in various technologies students mind are diverting to a lot for
education and they are taking up like challenge. In present scenario everyone checks the student
education quality and what output the student can bring to solve the problems.
The central aim of the modern education system is to educate overall inhabitants and improve
their creativity, communication skills and interpersonal skills. In present scenario a student
cannot gain knowledge only whatever is there in printed books. Web sources are useful in some
situations where one can’t get from teaching. But it should be used in limit otherwise it may
affect the students thinking skills and it leads to over thinking. Depending only on the internet
sources is not related to getting success in one’s life because basic knowledge is needed. Student
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has to participate in many activities to become an independent heir. Individuality differences in
the ability to transform chattels into viable activities therefore, multi-varient nature activities
gives rise to happiness. The above lines are elaborated towards the capability approach.
The reason behind showing interest on this subject is, as everyone knows that we are living in
professional and competitive world. If one wants to get success one should have practical
knowledge. Nowadays students are not interested towards teaching. The reason of these students
is so addicted towards the internet sources like search in Google, Wikipedia, YouTube etc., as
they are searching these websites, they are getting only answers for their questions but not
appropriate meaning for the topic. Due to this they are losing minimum basic knowledge. In
everyone life basic knowledge is very much important if they don’t have that they will face many
problems in interviews and meetings. Because they can’t express their own ideas and opinions
these and all happens when they don’t interact with teachers in the classroom. So, in this study a
student can learn what is traditional education and modern education.
Literature review
Economic need greatly influences a person’s choice of the type of the education, at times driving
them to give up on individual interest. It mainly explains about the capability approach is a
theory of welfare economics which focus upon the individual’s ability of achieving a goal. He
had an inherent fascination not only science but also for what he termed the scientific temper
which he described as, “search inquiry and applying your mind to it. And search by experience
and reasoning. It is the way of training the mind to look at life and the whole social structure.”
This study intended to imbibe these ideals of rationality and social responsibility into the people
through education. Firstly, capability denotes the ability of a person to generate beneficial
outcomes without infringing upon personal choice. The freedom of choice provides people with
long term incentive for cumulative economic achievement and space for personal growth.
Community pressure prompts people to participate in certain kind of sphere of teaching based on
the fashionable perception of what is judged the “better” degree. (Gautam et al., 2016)
With the starring role of tolerant as an effective collaborator for the wellbeing care, and not just
an unwilling object of analytical assessment and medical medication. (Olcott, (1926) Providing
an information to the patients is considering the central issue and It is important in present
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situation that patient need information to understand what is wrong, help others understand, lend
a hand in self-care, and to recognize further information and self-benefit groups, to provide
reassurance and help to cope. To improve the patient health care is the main objective. If the
patient is educated one only, they will come to know about the prescription in which timing
tablets have to be taken like that. But few people they don’t know the symptoms and they blindly
follow the village rules like they used to take plant extraction. So, the patient should know about
the medicine to take otherwise they may get the adverse drug reactions and all. He discussed that
though the information is in website it should be in secure and trustworthy. Most of them were
well educated and they do not depend on internet source, but few depend. The information
should not be vague it should be in clear form.
Besides moulding one’s temperament and intelligence, education provides knowledge and talent.
(Aithel et al, 2014) He also explained there are many ways that how one can make education in
actual fact. There are some models like education practices, self erudition, non- profit online
programs. Personalization, condensed costs, elasticity and time saving these are the importance
of online education. He well explained about the ABCD analysis of online education. Finally, the
online education system is compared with an imaginary scheme called “Ideal education system”.
Day to day technology has a high impact on traditional educational system. Online method of
education is found to be highly successful complementary medium of education for the mature
self-disciplined student and an unsuitable learning environment for more responsibility learners.
For effective utilisation of online education portals, the learner must be well motivated and with
a high level of time management skills. Virtual education is not an effective tool for younger
students. India acknowledges more importance for the education in broadcasting of knowledge
IT, Commerce and Management. The traditional educational system is the education where
students come to the college and listen what they have taught, and it is one-way communication
by the guru to the students and getting only knowledge. As well e-Education is the system where
technology is used. It is generally meant for inaccessible learning and detachment learning but
can also be used in face to face approach. (Upasana, 2014)
Academic institutions can effectively take the advantage of new technologies because a
academic world info web gateway increases the accessibility of tutoring and easy online
enrolment for students. Traditional expression to expression lectures can be converted into a
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complete learning ambience by incorporating net accessible resources like syllabus, pedagogical
objectives, abstract map of the course, pedagogical material, bibliography and face to face
assemblies enthusiastic to interrogations and vigorous learning progresses the eminence of the
progression. Besides facilitating international student exchanges, the e-learning platform matches
customised solutions for continued learning. (Michau et al., 2001)
Out of nine every ten Indians are villagers and 95% of them are illiterate because as there are no
adequate schools and proper staff to develop their education and which is more demanded one in
the villages. (Olcott,1926) in this study they have mentioned that majority of India still lives in
villages. They need as human beings and citizens of the new India in order to give them the
education. Here quality is the major issue of the village schools. He explains that teacher
preference be very less in village schools who agree to work in such schools are limited. Because
most of them were used to prefer get jobs in cities. But they are few villages which are in very
critically conditioned most of them were not having the shelters, standard of living is very poor
and living a day is very tough. This is the problem in hand that village schools are not improved
at the past years.
It is an important key that management should provide various approaches to the minimum
knowledge for the better care. (Brailer,1999) analysed that supervision of familiarity in the
contemporary healthcare distribution structure. By using knowledge management in various
applied ways, they can reach to well advantages, but it is not an appropriate method. Because
they must interact with their co workers and then discuss about the topic. So that they can reach
can better level of their work. The main role of the management is to pass each basic evidence to
their workers. They should at least spend a time to know the information regarding work that
they should know. Therefore, a worker can improve their better level of their work. The
organization delivers a better care by providing acquired information. By using knowledge
supervision to inform and guide the process of administrative decision making in practical and
functional ways, the organization will not only become more intelligent and more efficient in the
marketplace, but it will maintain a learning environment and therefore its market plus well into
the future.
Altbach (2011), analysed that the global academic revolution- implications for India, this article
is based on movements in global elevated instruction, tracking on intellectual revolution. A story
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willing intended for the UNESCO in 2009. He found in this article that massification of superior
education international, the development of a understanding economy. The extraordinary growth
of the secret better knowledge, and the effort to establishing world-class research organization of
higher education in many nations are crucial global tendencies. Awareness is a prerequisite.
India despite its large size and status as the world’s third largest academic system lags many
countries in coping with the central forces of 21st century academe. Enormous expansion of
enrolments that has taken place in worldwide and which he mainly explained that this is the
phenomenon of this massification. Therefore, he identified several keys for demographic
developments. So, student participation will continue to expand, as well higher education
systems. But only few countries will see a retrenchment in student statistics. He concludes that
we live today in focus of a serious-minded global trade and industry crunch that will have
significance in respectful civilization at large and within higher culture in ways that are not
nonetheless obvious.
Augmented reality is a deviation of virtual environment and user completely drives under the
artificial environment and one cannot ably see the desired things in the real world. (Khan et
al.,2018). This study focuses on the comparison of two learning methods; they are modern
learning and amplified learning method. This study compares these two learning methods into
one is virtual environment and real world. The technique of interfacing workstation and mouse is
the long forgotten one as well enhanced truth affords a new hallucination to face the computer
with home deceitful, structure, education, workplace, house adornment, and gardening. As he
explains that now a day’s computer plays an imperative role in our life, but these learning
programs are design to educate student, but these are working under the computer-generated
environment. Augmented reality replaces the real world with an inspired on. Augmented realism
involves the user to see the considered necessary things in the authentic world. Therefore,
augmented reality further one-reality over a virtual environment. He finally used many olden
methods to develop new technologies.
Mullen et al., (2006) analysed differences between online and traditional classrooms. In this
study Mullen mainly explained that students learn many things from internet and most of them
follow traditional classrooms. He found that eight former student students were cross-examined
and 188 (92 online; 96 traditional) students mainly conveyed that observations of instructor,
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support, student motivation, academic support and satisfaction are essential for free flow of
education. As a result, these students are very much familiar with online and traditional
classrooms. Though students in tradition classrooms they are satisfied with online students
though they have higher support from affective instructor. This study mainly explains that
student’s perception in different environment and where students given affective outcome
created by instructors. This study says that student’s perceptions are different in all variables
except their capabilities about their own activities.
Traditional African education system is more related to the society at a large. The study done by
(Omolewa ,2007) analysed the relevance outdated African types of education in the modern
world. This study deals with book learning approaches of African education and how the
constitute trains the indigenous education in Africa. They have used formal and professional
training for the constitute. In order to make better excellence some of the elements were added in
the modern-day educational run through. Here the African traditional education is compared and
stored in various forms and transmitted through various modes. Traditional education modes
include language, dance, music, myths, stories, culture and religion. This mode of teaching has
been largely used as a way of obtaining ultimate learning because customary African education
is agreed from one production to another, usually by cultural rituals. Due to in progress
globalisation efforts Africans who reside in or outside the continent their ways of easy-to-read
continue to be altered by miscellany in regal involvement. So, their expertise systems and
practices are changing. The major goal in this study, to produce an absolute individual, a lifetime
apprentice who is sensitive, incorporated, considerate and approachable towards the family.
The upwardly mobile understanding might be one of the shows potential enlightening
machineries for development in enlightening environments and using of traditions. Mobile
knowledge refers to the accomplishment of information, talents and attitudes by exploiting
portable skills and it is the model of e-learning. It deals with the impact of the cellular phone
management in instruction. As technology has been improved in various ways no one follows
traditional method and which the students won’t prefer too in modern society. So mobile
learning in higher education plays a vital role for the student to improve technological skills is
the main aim for this study. Along With the escalating reportage of mobile associations, culture
public services can play the escalating and functional role in tutoring at any location. In this
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study, trust, personal qualities, behavioural intention are the main factors. The trust feature has a
constructive and considerable consequence on the behavioural aim. (Hamidi, et al, 2018).
However, beneath this teaching space war, both students and teachers jointly worked to
comprehend the affordance of anecdotal mobility. Student contest had a threshold. while the
physical attributes of smartphones enabled students to whittle out additional autonomy, teachers
preserved the superior established power, including the opportunity to surveil and legalize the
social. students and teacher consultations over smart phones and communal media in the
teaching space-a case where thespians on either side of a energy affiliation assign incompatible
meanings to the same equipment. conversations were conducted with 38 pupils and 18 teachers
at a public high school with a technology policy, here students individually acquired
smartphones as scholastic gadgets and allowed to share online openings inside the classroom.
Where smartphones warned the intellectual logic and estrangement leaping the societal from the
enlightening. Together With their sense of management compromised, teachers demanded to
reconstitute partition through strategies of restriction and discrimination. Even Though holding
differing assessments, both factions worked to curb the impact of arithmetical technology on the
educational, longitudinal, and chronological organization of schools and on the remaining
equilibrium of power in their connection. Smart phones questioned teacher’s self-control over
classroom breathing space by allowing students surreptitiously access shared social distances,
misrepresenting the border line between the scholastic and the community. flawed the means to
scientifically restrict pupil use of mobile phone, teachers were obliged to count on their official
power to describe reasonable and unlawful uses of machinery. Challenging teacher’s descriptions
of acceptable and unacceptable mobile phone practices, students experienced teacher’s rules as
disappointing rather than repudiating social use. Underside classroom changing aspects of
limitation and endurance, teacher and student approaches aligned to limit the affordance of
circumstantial mobility. (Dinsmore , 2019)
Evaluation of traditional classroom teaching methods versus World Wide Web and delivery
courses (Ryan et al., 1999). He found that how students’ perception of two approach to teaching.
As he explains that elevated education is running with premeditated speed to a microelectronic
classroom. And he connects the endowment capabilities with World Wide Web delivery
program. Evaluation of the two approaches are mentioned the main purpose of this study.
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However, traditional classroom methods were highly rated towards the content, participation,
communication and faculty participation but towards it is nil as well world web were rated
towards the technical skills. But there is no difference in between classroom and World Wide
Web for critically thinking and specific time allotted for assignments.
Objectives
1. To understand the impact of modern education on teachers and students
2. To find out the distinctions between traditional and modern education system
3. To identify the effect of changes concerning educational system on students and society
4. To suggest measures to implement the positive changes which will help in making the current
education system strong.
Traditional Versus Modern Education
There is a lot of difference in conventional education system and modern-day education system.
In other words, traditional education is the process of getting information what teachers have
been taught in class. Whereas modern education using technology in various ways (Beck, U et
al., 1994). The traditional education system is also known as predictable education. It taught us
the ethics, values, manner skills and social practice for the next generation and which is
important for their endurance. In this type of education students can learn only on customs and
tradition of the society. And there will be no written tests in this education it’s completely based
on oral performance which are not formal. Tradition method gives special importance on skills
while modern method gives on big ideas. As well the education which is taught in the schools
today is modern education. Which is technology based. It teaches about the skills required for the
student and it’s completely based on written tests in order to scrutinize the students are learning
properly or not and which is done in formal way. This study tells us that modern education is just
the new version or the up gradation of the traditional education. Nowadays everyone knows that
how technology is growing much faster (Jenkins et al., 2009). It is true that digital education has
taken over the traditional education. Because students attract towards the modern system which
helps them to gather more information in various sources. The impact of this system, it remains
the people cognizant of the incompetence of the accessible system and establishes an obsession
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for societal modification. Education initiates the social change and gives them direction.
Secondary data is used for the present study a comparative analysis is done established on the
previous researches. Content analysis of 10 articles is done for this current study. Mammoth
open electronic classes (MOOC), a free of charge web-created detachment book learning
program is constructed in such a way to participate large number of learners who are physically
dispersed. MOOC were brought the new version of open educational resources. But
complimentary log on to a grade granting core curriculum were to take place, the corporate
paradigm of elevated education would considerably and invisibly shift. (Mazoue, 2014)
Discussion
The quality of tradition education and modern education system has been discussed. Now, this
study adds another aspect regarding the current education system in India. Currently, education
system is like spoon-feeding and students are kept under pressure filled life. Indian education
needs serious reform because students spent most of their time in college by doing nothing.
Simply they are listening towards the teacher what they are teaching in front of them. And they
will attend exams for the purpose of getting limit marks because they felt that high percentage
will get them success. They are right in somewhere because education system is depending only
on percentage then only students can be promoted to next level of the education. So, students
think in that situation just they want to get high percentage by bag-snatch up or Rote learning,
but they do not get success because lack of practical knowledge, lack of communication skills. It
is very much important that one should have better communication skills in order to reach
greatest level. A stability of grasping and non-materialistic factors in evaluating the individual
benefit if one wants to achieve an individual goal. This study explains that Indian education
system focuses on students only on memorising facts but not the creativity of the students. In
many discussions it has been proved that Education system in India provides only theoretical
knowledge but not practical knowledge. The only thing is they want to build more and more
students by passing out with theoretical knowledge which does not help them in future. If the
student starts to learn from the base point, then they will be in position to thought about their
passion. But in Indian education student is not willing to answer about their passion at the age of
21. As everyone is living in this specialized and aggressive world to get success then one should
have to acquire skills. They are some students who are not willing to do any projects because, as
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there is no participation of teachers this may lead to impact of education on teachers and
students. Yes, it is a fact that an individual student cannot work on the whole project.
Participation of staff work is involved then only they can think more and use more technology.
So, it makes people to over think. But institution selects only the meritorious students who think
bright and willing for further work. They will leave those who are not learning properly. Those
institutions will think of students who are studying well. They are focussing only on them. So,
teacher’s involvement is needed in every aspect of education course. So, a teacher can be the
greatest role of one student achievement and student’s success should be a teacher’s number one
priority the above lines are elaborated towards the objective number two. Online learning can be
effectively utilised for more independent students than dependent students. Educational system
changes from decades in different manners. But it is continuing it did not yet stop. But the
institutions must look of dull students too. They must treat everyone with equality so that dull
students will learn from merits. Equal importance must be given and more over traditional
system to be followed not only the modern education. Modern education is good but with some
changes only it will be successful. Otherwise it will impact the student life. The above lines are
elaborated towards the objective number three. So, this study suggests that teachers should focus
to give practical knowledge for students instead of giving spoon-feeding. This may not affect the
student entire life. In the current education system, it is advisable to adopt positive elements
them both traditional and modern education system in a way to impart ethical thinking, decision
making skills, interpersonal skills and moral values to the learners.
Conclusion
The shortcomings of the tutoring system have been detailed upon with admiration to the
capability methodology. Participating in the instruction of the huge demographics is the
requirement of the hour and to realize the greatest assistance outside of the mounting young
population; the disproportions concerning to superiority and spreading of educational prospects
need to be committed within a very petite time edge. The transformation of these prospective
commercial resources into devastating responsibilities needs to be precluded. A disenchanted and
exasperated youth is predisposed to exploitation by extremist groups and can lead to political
instability, chaos and a huge economic setback. There is also a dire need to analyze and
scrutinize the education policy needs to be check upon the qualitative and an individual’s
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demands. Realization of the guidelines need to trickle down to the widespread inhabitants and
should not remain as a proposal. Frequently these guidelines get apprehended up due to
Redtapism, dishonesty and a general lack of concern on part of the monitoring and supervising
the system. It is very important to settle these problems with a rigorous and methodical style
before the Indian training system plummets into deep-seated, unrecoverable chaos. Traditional
education being a fundamental component of customs and history of local hamlet. Which is
stored in various forms and transmitted through numerous genres. Such mode includes linguistic,
dance, harmony, and uttered folklore, aphorisms, midst anecdotes, philosophy and religious
conviction. Usually conventional education is communicated from some age group to an
additional by code word of cheek and ethnic practices. Traditional educational system leads to
the holistic development of an individual. Since, individual exposing to traditional system of
learning or undergoing transformations which have a greatly impact on their knowledge system.
Even though modern education system imparts the interpersonal skills, communication skills,
and critical thinking but fails to give the holistic development for the learners.
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