The traditional Egyptian Gods, a family
model
664-30 BCE, bronze or
copper alloy, 42.2.3,
Metropolitan Museum, NY
Referentin Paula Veiga,
Direktor Prof. Dr. Friedhelm Hoffmann
“…Egypt was effectively dominated by a Greek-speaking culture for a millenium, without complete obliteration of other
cultural elements.”
Manning, J. G., The Last Pharaohs: Egypt Under the Ptolemies, 305-30, Princeton University Press
mAat versus isft order versus chaos
Maat lapis-lazuli and gold, TIP, 800-700 BCE, Cairo Egyptian
Museum
from the Book of the Dead of Hunefer, Thebes, 19th Dynasty,
circa 1275 BCE, British Museum EA 9901
Heliopolis Atum is the self-made-god, who ejaculates
from the top of a dirt mount and creates
his offspring; from right to left: Atum,
Shu, Tefnut, Geb, Nut and sitting next to
each other, Isis and Nephthys.
Karnak Hypostile hall
Papyrus of Ani, BM EA 10470, 19 dyn, c. 1275 BCE
Osiris, tomb of Maya and Merit, Saqqara Seth, Petrie Museum
Abydos, the cult of Osiris, the Osirieon; Umm el-Qaab, the burial
place of Osiris?
Kryptographisch beschriftete ad-hoc-
Stele des Minmose. © DAI
Khoiak Festival - kA Hr kA
Sources for the Khoiak festival sequences:
• temple of Ramesses III, Medinet Habu, about 1150 BCE
• a granite trough for the seeded earth, inscribed under a Dynasty 22 king, Koptos, c. 850 BCE
• Papyrus Jumilhac, c. 100 BCE
• inscriptions in a roof chapel on the temple of Hathor, Dendera, early Roman Period, 100
• funerary papyrus Louvre N 3176 columns V-VI, rites for Osiris at Karnak temple, on days 18 to 26, with the 'procession of Osiris' on day 26.
University College London
Kleiner Osiris Sarg, SMAK, unpublished,
Rijksmuseum, Leiden
Horus, Seth, and a lettuce…
Lactuca sativa seeds, Kew
Gardens, London. UK
Seth relief, Neues Museum, Berlin, ÄM 21782 Horus, Edfu temple
Isis, mother of Horus, the goddess of magic
M. C. Carlos Museum, early Ptolemaic, 2000.4
Louvre, Late Period, E4358
Horus’ cippus, Brooklyn Museum, NY
The famous Metternich
Stela, at the
Metropolitan Museum,
NY
The Memphite cosmogony - Ptah
Berlin, Late period c.950 BCE, ÄM 2423
Shabaka Stone (Memphis, 25th dyn, 700 BCE) excerpt:
(…)The Gods who came into being in Ptah:
Ptah-on-the-great-throne //////.
Ptah-Nun, the father who [made] Atum.
Ptah-Naunet, the mother who bore Atum.
Ptah-the-Great is heart and tongue of the Nine [Gods].
[Ptah] ///////// who bore the gods.
[Ptah] ///////// who bore the gods.
[Ptah] /////////.
[Ptah] ///////// Nefertem at the nose of Re every day. (…)
From Lichtheim:, M., Ancient Egyptian Literature, Vol.1, pp.51-55
BM EA 498
The Theban cosmogony or trinity – Amun, Mut and Khonsu
Amun, Mut and Khonsu, Brooklyn Museum, NY, and the triad, Luxor Museum
Syncretistic gods from the NK to Ptolemaic times
Amun-Re-Min
Alabaster chapel, Senuseret, I Karnak Nefertari’s tomb, 1298-1235 BCE, Re-Horakhty and Amentit, goddess of the West
Re-Horus (Re-Horakhty)
Priests swnw – the doctor- priest
Saw the patients,
manufactured the medicines,
performed magical acts in
conformity.
Learned in the Per-Ankh,
the Houses of Life. (lower,
right)
Washed and shaved the
whole body before any ritual.
Wab/lector priests dealt with
funerals; wab meaning
‘pure’, thus the washing and
shaving procedures...
Khery-hebet priest, a lector .
Cleveland Art Museum, USA
Pelizaeus Museum, Hildesheim
Myths and ‘house gods’
Metropolitan Museum, NY
Taweret mould and amulets, Met, NY
Bes amulets, mould and other amulets, Met, NY
Min of Koptos (Quft or Qift), ancient Egyptian Gebtu
Moens, M. F., The Procession of the God Min to the ḫtjw-Garden, Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur , Bd. 12, 1985, Helmut Buske Verlag
GmbH, pp. 61-73
Ramesseum, Thebes-West
The pharaoh as god, a
bipolar personality?
(…)The double-crown clings to his head, Re's atef-crown to his brow. His face is adorned with southcrown and northcrown, He wears the headband and the helmet; The tall-plumed ibes-crown is on his head, The headcloth embraces his shoulders. Gathered are the crowns of Atum, Handed over to his image, As ordained by the maker of gods, [Amun], the most ancient, who crowned him.
(…)
M. Lichtheim, Ancient Egyptian Literature, Vol.II, pp.40
From Seti I tomb, Berlin, ÄM 2058
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