Introduction to the legal system
1st lesson
Universita’ Tor Vergata 2019/2020
Prof.Adabella Gratani
Doctrin
Prof.Adabella Gratani
Why? Whose are The Origins of
Constitution
➢ Concernes the framework – written or not written
AndThe spirit that breathes in this
framework
➢ New value and economic interests oppressed
King Edward I brought
his military leaders and nobility together
as a Parliament to ask their consent to new taxes.
Established the principle of parliamentary “power of the purse.”
A radical new idea for any monarch to ask for anything!
Prof.Adabella Gratani
1570-1603
The growght of the Parlamentary Powers in the century
14th-16th century
14th century
Prof.Adabella Gratani
The growght of the Parlamentary Powers in the century
14th-16th century
14th century 15th century 16th century
Prof.Adabella Gratani
The growght of the Parlamentary Powers in the century
16th centuryThe role of the Judges
Prof.Adabella Gratani
The Early Stuarts
(1603-1649)
Prof.Adabella Gratani
17th century
James I, king of Scotland from 1567 to 1625 and
first Stuart king of England from 1603 to 1625
He needed tax for coastal cities for defense.
This got him around the need to call Parliament into session.
Prof.Adabella Gratani
Prof.Adabella Gratani
The Short Parliament - was named so because is only lasted 3 weeks (13
April 1640 – 5 May 1640). It was the first parliament called by King Charles I, as heneeded money to fight one of wars, against the Scotts. He declared it closedother only 3 weeks, as they were not giving him the money he needed
The Long Parliament was called by King Charles I on 3 November 1640, six
months after the dissolution of the Short Parliament and within weeks of thedefeat of the English in the Bishops' Wars against Scotland. The King wasreluctant to summon another Parliament but the expense of the wars had left
him desperately short of money and in urgent need of parliamentarysubsidies
Prof.Adabella Gratani
“Protectorate” Cromwell’s rule was a military dictatorship
1st RevolutionThe Long Parliament sat throughout the First and Second Civil wars until
December 1648, when it was purged by the New Model Army.
The Purged Parliament (or the "Rump" of the Long Parliament) was
expelled by Oliver Cromwell in April 1653.
James II succeded to CharlesII
2nd RevolutionThe SO COLLED “Glorious Revolution” BECOUSE had very little blood and was the end of divine-right monarchy in England
The Long Parliament was reinstated in February 1660 after the fall of the Cromwellian Protectorate and was formally dissolved on 16 March 1660
2nd RevolutionThe SO COLLED “Glorious Revolution” BECOUSE had very little blood and was the end of divine-right monarchy in England
2nd Revolution
William and Mary accepted the throne but recognized the supremacy of Parliament
The rights of the people were listed in the Bill of Rights
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