M/s. STARLITE PAINTS
PLOT NO. DP - 46, SAYKHA INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, TAL:
VAGRA, DIST: BHARUCH (GUJARAT).
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & RISK ASSESMENT REPORT
FOR PROPOSED PESTICIDES SPECIFIC INTERMEDIATES
(450 MT/MONTH) MANUFACTURING UNIT
1
STUDY PERIOD: OCTOBER, 2020 TO DECEMBER, 2020
PROPOSAL NO : IA/GJ/IND3/213816/2021
TOR LETTER NO : IA-J-11011/235/2021-IA-II(I) DATED: 08/06/2021
TOTAL PLOT AREA: 10,800.675 m2
NABET ACCREDITATION NO.: NABET/EIA/2023/IA0062 (Rev. 01)
VALID UPTO OCTOBER 7, 2023
PROJECT NO.: 890000/2021
Prepared By:
Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers P. Ltd. 403, Centre Point, Nr. Kadiwala School, Ring Road, Surat – 395002
(NABET/QCI Accredited EIA Consultant): NABET/EIA/2023/IA0062
(Rev. 01)
(MoEF Accredited Testing Laboratory): 15018/24/2019-CPW
(NABL Accredited Testing Laboratory): TC - 7328
(GPCB Recognized Schedule-II Environmental Auditor)
ISO 9001: 2015 Certified Company
OHSAS 18001: 2007 Certified Company
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & RISK
ASSESSMENT REPORT CLIENT
PROJECT TITLE
TOTAL PLOT AREA
PROJECT COST
NABET
ACCREDIATION NO.
PROJECT NO.
:
:
:
:
:
:
M/S. STARLITE PAINTS
PLOT NO: DP - 46, SAYKHA INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, TA: VAGRA, DIST:
BHARUCH (GUJARAT).
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & RISK ASSESMENT REPORT FOR
PROPOSED PESTICIDES SPECIFIC INTERMEDIATES (450 MT/MONTH)
MANUFACTURING UNIT
10,800.675 M2
Rs. 52 CRORES
NABET ACCREDITATION NO.: NABET/EIA/2023/IA0062 (Rev. 01)
VALID UPTO OCTOBER 7, 2023
890000/2021
Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers P. Ltd. 403, Centre Point, Nr. Kadiwala School, Ring Road,
Surat – 395002
(NABET Accredited EIA Consultant by QCI): NABET/EIA/2023/IA0062
(Rev.01)
(MoEF Accredited Testing Laboratory): 15018/24/2019-CPW
(NABL Accredited Testing Laboratory): TC - 7328
(GPCB Recognized Schedule-II Environmental Auditor)
ISO 9001: 2015 Certified Company
OHSAS 18001: 2007 Certified Company
Prepared By:
M/S. STARLITE PAINTS
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT
EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/s. AQUA-AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD. 2
INDEX
SR. NO. TITLE PAGE
NO.
INDEX 2
LIST OF TABLE 8
LIST OF FIGURE 10
COPY OF TORs LETTER 11
COMPLIANCE OF TORs 18
UNDERTAKING 29
DECLARATION OF EIA COORDINATOR 30
1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND 1-1
1.1.1 PROMOTERS AND THEIR BACKGROUND 1-1
1.1.2 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 1-1
1.1.3 JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT 1-2
1.2 PROJECT DETAILS 1-2
1.2.1 TOTAL PROJECT COST 1-2
1.2.2 PLOT AREA 1-2
1.2.3 DETAILS ABOUT INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES, PLANT MACHINERIES, ETC. 1-3
1.3 SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT 1-4
1.4 PURPOSE OF EIA 1-6
1.5 OBJECTIVES OF EIA 1-6
1.6 METHODOLOGIES FOR EIA 1-6
1.7 STRUCTURE OF REPORT 1-9
2 CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES
2.1 BACKGROUND 2-1
2.2 LAND REQUIREMENT FOR THE PROJECT INCLUDING ITS BREAK UP FOR VARIOUS
PURPOSES, ITS AVAILABILITY
2-1
2.2.1 LAND POSSESSION DOCUMENTS. COPY OF NA ORDER SHOWING PERMISSION
TO USE THE PROJECT LAND FOR INDUSTRIAL PURPOSE. IF LOCATED IN GIDC,
COPY OF PLOT HOLDING CERTIFICATE OBTAINED FROM GIDC AUTHORITY
2-3
2.3 PROJECT SETTING 2-4
2.3.1 PROJECT SITE AND PLANT LAYOUT 2-4
2.4 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT SITE AND NEAREST HABITATS WITH DISTANCES
FROM THE PROJECT SITE TO BE DEMARCATED ON A TOPOSHEET (1: 50000
SCALE)
2-6
2.4.1 DISTANCE OF NEAREST KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES FROM PROJECT SITE 2-6
2.5 PHASE WISE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE WITH BAR CHART AND
TIME FRAME, IN TERMS OF SITE DEVELOPMENT, INFRASTRUCTURE PROVISION,
EMS IMPLEMENTATION ETC.
2-8
2.6 CHEMICAL NAME OF EACH PROPOSED PRODUCT TO BE MANUFACTURED.
DETAILS WITH LD50 OF EACH PRODUCT
2-9
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2.7 DETAILS ON RAW MATERIALS, SOURCE AND STORAGE WITHIN THE PREMISES 2-10
2.8 MANUFACTURING PROCESS, CHEMICAL REACTION AND MASS BALANCE OF
EACH PRODUCTS
2-13
2.9 WATER REQUIREMENT, WASTEWATER GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT 2-26
2.9.1 ASSESSMENT OF SOURCE OF THE WATER SUPPLY WITH ADEQUACY OF THE
SAME TO MEET WITH THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT. PERMISSION
OBTAINED FROM THE CONCERN AUTHORITY FOR SUPPLY OF RAW WATER
2-26
2.9.2 UNDERTAKING STATING THAT NO BORE WELL SHALL BE DUG WITHIN THE
PREMISES (IF PROJECT IS LOCATED WITHIN THE INDUSTRIAL ESTATE).
2-27
2.9.3 WATER AND WASTEWATER 2-28
2.9.4 SEGREGATION OF WASTE STREAMS 2-30
2.9.5 EXPLORE THE POSSIBILITIES FOR ZERO LIQUID DISCHARGE (ZLD) OPTION FOR
THE PROPOSED PROJECT.
2-31
2.9.6 CAPACITY OF ETP IN KL/DAY. DETAILS OF ETP INCLUDING DIMENSIONS OF EACH
UNIT ALONG WITH SCHEMATIC FLOW DIAGRAM.
2-31
2.9.7 PLANS FOR MANAGEMENT 2-35
2.9.8 UNDERTAKING STATING THAT A SEPARATE ELECTRIC METER WILL BE PROVIDED
FOR THE WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM VIZ. ETP, MEE, ETC.
2-36
2.9.9 TREATED EFFLUENT DISCHARGE – CETP MEMBERSHIP 2-37
2.10 AIR POLLUTION AND CONTROL SYSTEM 2-38
2.10.1 PROCESS GAS EMISSION DETAILS 2-38
2.10.2 DETAILS OF THE UTILITIES REQUIRED 2-38
2.10.3 TYPE AND QUANTITY (MT/HR & MT/DAY) OF FUEL TO BE USED FOR EACH
UTILITY
2-38
2.10.4 FLUE GAS EMISSION RATE EMISSION FROM EACH UTILITY 2-38
2.10.5 LIST THE PROJECT SPECIFIC SOURCES OF FUGITIVE EMISSION ALONG WITH ITS
QUANTIFICATION AND PROPOSED MEASURES TO CONTROL IT.
2-39
2.10.6 PROVISION OF CEMS 2-40
2.11 HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT 2-40
2.11.1 MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR HAZARDOUS/SOLID WASTE INCLUDING STORAGE,
HANDLING, UTILIZATION AND SAFE DISPOSAL AS PER THE HAZARDOUS AND
OTHER WASTES (MANAGEMENT AND TRANSBOUNDARY MOVEMENT) RULES
2016. CPCB GUIDELINES IN RESPECT OF SPECIFIC TREATMENT, SUCH AS SOLAR
EVAPORATION, INCINERATION, ETC., NEED TO BE FOLLOWED
2-40
2.11.2 METHODOLOGY OF DE-CONTAMINATION AND DISPOSAL OF DISCARDED
CONTAINERS AND ITS RECORD KEEPING
2-42
2.11.3 MANAGEMENT OF BY-PRODUCTS WHICH FALL UNDER THE PURVIEW OF THE
HAZARDOUS AND OTHER WASTES (MANAGEMENT AND TRANSBOUNDARY
MOVEMENT) RULES 2016 AS PER THE SAID RULES AND NECESSARY
PERMISSIONS FROM THE CONCERN AUTHORITY.
2-43
2.11.4 MEMBERSHIP OF COMMON ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE LIKE TSDF,
COMMON INCINERATION FACILITY (CHWIF), ETC.
2-44
2.12 NOISE LEVEL AND CONTROL SYSTEM 2-46
2.13 SUMMARY 2-46
3 CHAPTER 3: BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS
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3.1 INTRODUCTION 3-1
3.2 METHODOLOGY 3-1
3.2.1 STUDY PERIOD & FREQUENCY OF SAMPLING 3-1
3.2.2 METHOD OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING & ANALYSIS 3-3
3.2.3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS 3-4
3.3 MICRO-METEOROLOGY OF THE AREA 3-4
3.3.1 TEMPERATURE DETAILS 3-4
3.3.2 RELATIVE HUMIDITY (RH) 3-5
3.3.3 RAINFALL 3-6
3.3.4 WIND SPEED 3-7
3.3.5 TEMPERATURE, RELATIVE HUMIDITY & WIND SPEED 3-8
3.3.6 WIND ROSE 3-9
3.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT 3-11
3.4.1 AIR SUMMARY 3-17
3.4.2 INTERPRETATION 3-18
3.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 3-18
3.5.1 METHODOLOGY FOR NOISE MONITORING 3-18
3.5.2 NOISE SUMMARY 3-20
3.5.3 INTERPRETATION 3-20
3.6 WATER ENVIRONMENT 3-21
3.6.1 METHODOLOGY FOR WATER QUALITY MONITORING 3-21
3.6.2 BASELINE GROUND WATER QUALITY 3-24
3.6.3 BASELINE SURFACE WATER QUALITY 3-25
3.6.4 INTERPRETATION 3-25
3.7 LAND ENVIRONMENT 3-26
3.7.1 SOIL QUALITY 3-26
3.7.2 SUMMARY OF SOIL QUALITY 3-28
3.7.3 INTERPRETATION 3-29
3.7.4 EIA MONITORING PHOTOGRAPHS 3-29
3.8 GEOLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL DATA 3-39
3.8.1 INTRODUCTION 3-39
3.8.2 STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS WITHIN STUDY AREA 3-39
3.8.3 SOIL INFORMATION 3-42
3.8.4 HYDROLOGY 3-43
3.8.5 DRAINAGE PATTERN 3-44
3.9 LAND USE PATTERN 3-46
3.9.1 METHOD OF DATA PREPARATION 3-46
3.10 ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION 3-51
3.10.1 PHYSIOGRAPHY 3-51
3.10.2 FOREST 3-52
3.10.3 FLORA 3-53
3.10.4 FAUNA 3-58
3.10.5 DETAILS OF PRESENCE OF SCHEDULE-1 SPECIES 3-65
3.11 SOCIO - ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 3-104
3.11.1 SETTLEMENTS AND DEMOGRAPHIC PATTERN 3-104
3.11.1.1 METHOD OF DATA PREPARATION 3-104
3.11.1.2 DEMOGRAPHIC DATA WITHIN THE REGION OF INTEREST 3-104
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3.11.2 LITERACY RATE 3-108
3.11.3 OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE 3-111
3.11.4 AMENITIES 3-112
4 CHAPTER 4: ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS 4-1
4.2 PREDICTIONS AND EVALUATION OF IMPACTS 4-8
4.2.1 WATER ENVIRONMENT 4-12
4.2.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 4-12
4.2.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 4-24
4.2.4 HAZARDOUS WASTE DETAILS 4-24
4.2.5 INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES 4-24
4.2.6 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD 4-24
4.2.7 HOUSING 4-24
4.2.8 ECOLOGY 4-25
4.3 IMPACTS ON HUMANS 4-28
4.4 IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES OF GEOLOGY 4-29
4.5 IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES OF GEOHYDROLOGY 4-29
4.6 IMPACT ON ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 4-30
4.7 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT 4-30
4.8 MATRIX REPRESENTATION 4-32
4.9 SUMMARY 4-37
5 CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)
5.1 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY) 5-1
5.2 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (SITE) 5-2
6 CHAPTER 6: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN
6.1 PROJECT ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN 6-1
6.2 LABORATORY FACILITIES 6-1
6.2.1 DOCUMETATION & RECORDS 6-2
6.3 POST PROJECT MONITORING PLAN 6-3
6.3.1 MONITORING METHODOLOGIES 6-4
6.4 ENVIRONMENT POLICY 6-5
6.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL 6-7
6.6 SYSTEM OF REPORTING OF NON COMPLIANCES / VIOLATIONS OF
ENVIRONMENTAL NORMS TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE COMPANY
AND / OR SHAREHOLDERS OR STAKEHOLDERS AT LARGE
6-9
7 CHAPTER 7: RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT 7-1
7.1.1 INTRODUCTION 7-1
7.1.2 APPROACH TO THE STUDY 7-1
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7.1.3 METHODOLOGY 7-2
7.1.4 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 7-4
7.1.4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS AREAS 7-4
7.1.4.2 IDENTIFICATION OF FAILURE CASES FOR HAZARDOUS AREAS 7-4
7.1.4.3 MAJOR HAZARDOUS AREAS AND SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 7-4
7.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION OF
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
7-10
7.3 PRECAUTIONS DURING STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION OF HAZARDOUS
CHEMICALS LIQUIDS
7-11
7.4 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 7-12
7.4.1 HAZARD CONTROL MEASURES 7-13
7.5 CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS 7-13
7.5.1 DAMAGE CRITERIA 7-14
7.5.2 MAXIMUM CREDIBLE LOSS ACCIDENT SCENARIOS 7-18
7.6 ONSITE/OFFSITE EMERGENCY PLAN 7-56
7.6.1 DEFIING THE NATURE OF EMERGENCY 7-56
7.6.2 OBJECTIVES OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 7-56
7.6.3 STRUCTURE OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 7-57
7.7 DETAILS OF THE SEPARATE ISOLATED STORAGE AREA 7-58
7.7.1 DEFIING THE NATURE OF EMERGENCY 7-60
7.7.2 OBJECTIVES OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 7-61
7.7.3 STRUCTURE OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 7-61
7.8 OCCUPTIONAL HEALTH AND HAZARD AND SAFETY MESUARES 7-62
7.8.1 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 7-62
7.9 SOLVENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 7-67
7.10 DO’S & DON’TS OF PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE 7-70
7.11 DETAILS ON VARIOUS SOP TO BE PREPARED 7-73
7.12 TRANSPORTATION 7-73
7.13 PUBLIC CONSULTATION 7-73
7.14 REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMENT (R & R) 7-73
8 CHAPTER 8: PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 BACKGROUND 8-1
8.2 ENVIRONMENT 8-1
8.3 EXPORTS 8-1
8.4 EMPLOYMENT GENERATION 8-1
8.5 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES 8-2
8.6 CONCLUSION 8-3
9 CHAPTER 9: ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
9.1 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS 9-1
10 CHAPTER 10: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.1 BACKGROUND 10-1
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10.2 OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 10-1
10.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL 10-1
10.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 10-4
10.4.1 WATER ENVIRONMENT 10-5
10.4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 10-6
10.4.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 10-10
10.4.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT 10-12
10.5 MEASURES FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ECOLOGY 10-14
10.6 IDENTIFICATION OF RECYCLE/REUSE, CLEANER PRODUCTION AND CO-
PROCESSING OPTION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
10-14
10.7 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT 10-14
10.8 MEASURES FOR CONSERVATION OF ENERGY 10-17
10.9 SKILLED AND TRAINED MANPOWER 10-17
10.10 CAPITAL COST FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANGEMENT 10-18
10.11 ACTION PLAN FOR TRANSPORTATION OF RAW MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS 10-18
11 CHAPTER 11: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY& CONCLUSION
11.1 INTRODUCTION 11-1
11.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 11-1
11.3 PRODUCT AND CAPACITY 11-2
11.4 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 11-3
11.5 WATER REQUIREMENT, WASTE WATER GENERATION AND TREATMENT 11-7
11.6 AIR POLLUTION SOURCE AND CONTROL MANAGEMENT 11-8
11.7 HAZARDOUS WASTE 11-8
11.8 GREEN BELT 11-8
11.9 POWER & FUEL REQUIREMENTS 11-8
11.10 DETAILS OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS STORAGE 11-9
11.11 CAPITAL AND RECURRING COST EARMARKED FOR ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION MEASURES
11-10
11.12 CONCLUSION 11-10
12 CHAPTER 12: DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED --
LIST OF ANNEXURES A-1 –
A-68
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LIST OF TABLES
NO. TITLE PAGE
NO.
1.1 PROMOTERS AND THEIR BACK GROUND 1-1
1.2 BREAK UP OF PROJECT COST 1-2
1.3 LAND BREAKUP 1-2
1.4 LIST OF MACHINERIES AND EQUIPMENTS 1-3
1.5 SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT 1-4
2.1 BREAK UP OF DIFFERENT LAND USE OF FACTORY 2-1
2.2 DISTANCE OF NEAREST KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES FROM
PROJECT SITE
2-6
2.3 LIST OF PRODUCTS WITH PRODUCTION CAPACITY 2-9
2.4 LIST OF RAW MATERIALS 2-10
2.5 WATER CONSUMPTION AND WASTEWATER GENERATION 2-28
2.6 PROCESS GAS EMISSION 2-38
2.7 FLUE GAS EMISSION 2-38
2.8 HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION & DISPOSAL 2-40
3.1 FREQUENCY OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 3-2
3.2 METHOD OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING & ANALYSIS 3-3
3.3 TEMPERATURE DATA 3-4
3.4 RELATIVE HUMIDITY DATA 3-5
3.5 RAINFALL DATA 3-6
3.6 WIND SPEED DATA 3-7
3.7 SITE SPECIFIC METEOROLOGICAL DATA 3-8
3.8 LOCATIONS OF THE AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS 3-13
3.9 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS 3-14
3.10 NOISE LEVELS 3-19
3.11 GROUND WATER QUALITY + SURFACE WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS
RESULTS
3-21
3.12 PHYSICO-CHEMICALS CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL 3-26
3.13 DESCRIPTION OF GEOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION AND AREA UNDER
DIFFERENT FORMATIONS
3-41
3.14 AREA UNDER DIFFERENT LAND USE 3-48
3.15 LIST OF FLORA 3-53
3.16 LIST OF FAUNA 3-58
3.17 DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 3-104
3.18 POPULATION DENSITY 3-107
3.19 LITERACY RATE 3-108
3.20 OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE 3-111
3.21 DETAILS OF AMMENITIES AVAILABLE IN STUDY AREA 3-113
3.22 ABBREVIATIONS 3-115
4.1 CONSTRUCTION & OPERATION STAGE POTENTIAL IMPACTS &
MITIGATIVE MEASURES
4-9
4.2 DETAILS OF EMISSION FROM STACK & VENTS 4-14
4.3 SUMMARY OF ISCST3 MODEL OUTPUT FOR SPM, SO2, NOX, ETC. 4-22
4.4 PREDICTED AMBIENT AIR QUALITY FOR SPM, SO2, NOX & HCL 4-23
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4.5 SEVERITY CRITERIA FOR MAGNITUDE OF IMPACT 4-32
4.6 CUMULATIVE SCORE RANGE FOR BENEFICIAL AND ADVERSE IMPACTS 4-32
4.7 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION & ENVIRONMENT IMPACT MATRIX
(CONSTRUCTION PHASE)
4-33
4.8 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION & ENVIRONMENT IMPACT MATRIX
(OPERATION PHASE)
4-35
6.1 PROJECT ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN 6-3
6.2 METHOD OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING & ANALYSIS 6-4
7.1 STORAGE AND HANDLING DETAILS OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS 7-6
7.2 OTHER HAZARDS AND CONTROL 7-7
7.3 HAZARDOUS PROPERTIES OF THE CHEMICALS, COMPATIBILITIES,
SPECIAL HAZARD
7-8
7.4 POSSIBLE ACCIDENT SCENARIOS 7-22
7.5 SOLVENT BALANCE 7-69
8.1 CER BUDGET 8-2
10.1 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 10-4
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LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE
NO.
TITLE
PAGE
NO.
1.1 ACTIVITIES, SOURCES OF INFORMATION AND CONTENTS OF EIA
REPORT
1-10
2.1 LAYOUT OF THE PLANT 2-2
2.2 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT SITE 2-4
2.3 KEY INFRASTRUCTURE 2-7
2.4 WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM 2-29
2.5 ETP FLOW DIAGRAM 2-33
3.1 WIND ROSE DIAGRAM 3-9
3.2 STABILITY CLASS DISTRIBUTION 3-10
3.3 LOCATIONS OF THE AMBIENT AIR, NOISE, WATER AND SOIL
MONITORING STATIONS
3-12
3.4 MONITORING PHOTOGRAPHS 3-29
3.5 MAJOR GEOLOGICAL FEATURES 3-40
3.6 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS MAP 3-42
3.7 HYDROLOGY PATTERN 3-43
3.8 DRAINAGE PATTERN 3-45
3.9 LANDUSE / LANDCOVER 3-49
3.10 TOPOSHEET 3-50
3.11 LIST OF FLORA 3-55
3.12 LIST OF FAUNA 3-62
3.13 POPULATION DENSITY 3-107
3.14 LITERACY DATA 3-110
4.1 ISOPLETHS FOR SPM, SO2, NOX, NH3, HBR & HCL 4-16
6.1 ORGANOGRAM OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL 6-8
7.1 QRA METHODOLOGY 7-2
7.2 FLOW CHART FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT 7-3
7.3 HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL STORAGE AREA 7-5
7.4 RISK ASSESSMENT SCHENARIO 7-24
7.5 LOCATION OF FIRE NEAREST STATION 7-59
7.6 FLOW DIAGRAM OF SPENT SOLVENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 7-68
10.1 ORGANOGRAM OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL 10-3
10.2 ODOUR CONTROL MEASURES 10-9
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EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/s. AQUA-AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD. 18
COMPLIANCE OF TERMS OF REFERENCES (TORs) – MoEF&CC, DELHI
5(b): STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CONDUCTING ENVIRONMENT IMPACT
ASSESSMENT STUDY FOR PESTICIDES INDUSTRY AND PESTICIDE SPECIFIC INTERMEDIATES
(EXCLUDING FORMULATIONS) AND INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN EIA/EMP REPORT
A. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) IN RESPECT OF INDUSTRY SECTOR
SR.
NO. TERMS OF REFERENCES COMPLIANCE
1. Executive Summary Executive Summary is referred as Chapter-
11.
2. Introduction
i. Details of the EIA Consultant including
NABET accreditation
EIA Consultants, M/s. Aqua-Air
Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. has
Obtained for NABET - QCI accreditation
Certificate of MoEFCC, New Delhi. Please
refer Annexure-12, (Page No. A-26).
ii. Information about the project proponent Information about the project proponent is
referred as Section 1.1.1, Chapter-1 in EIA
Report (Page No. 1-1).
iii. Importance and benefits of the project Importance of the project is referred as
Section 1.1.3, Chapter-1 in EIA Report (Page
No. 1-2).
3. Project Description
i. Cost of project and time of completion. Total capital investment for the project will
Rs. 52 Crores
Time of completion = 1 Year after getting EC
and NOC
ii. Products with capacities for the proposed
project.
Products with capacities are referred as
Table 2.3, Section 2.6, and Chapter-2 in EIA
Report (Page No. 2-9).
iii. If expansion project, details of existing
products with capacities and whether
adequate land is available for expansion,
reference of earlier EC if any.
Not applicable because this is propose
project.
iv. List of raw materials required and their
source along with mode of transportation.
List of raw materials required and their
source along with mode of transportation is
referred as Table-2.4, Section 2.7 and
Chapter-2 in EIA Report (Page No. 2-10 to 2-
12).
Most of the Raw Materials will be purchased
from Local Market. Some Raw Material are
not available in Local Market, so it will be
imported.
Transportation of Raw Material is Primarily
by Road only.
v. Other chemicals and materials required with
quantities and storage capacities
Other chemicals and materials required
with quantities are referred as Table 7.1,
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Chapter-7 in EIA Report (Page No. 7-6).
vi. Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous
waste generation and their management.
Details of Air emission are referred as
Section 2.10, Chapter-2 in EIA Report (Page
No. 2-38).
Details of effluent generation and its
management are referred as Section 2.9.3,
Chapter-2 in EIA Report (Page No. 2-28).
Details of Hazardous Waste is referred as
Table 2.8, Section 2.11, Chapter-2 in EIA
Report (Page No. 2-40 to 2-42).
vii. Requirement of water, power, with source
of supply, status of approval, water balance
diagram, man-power requirement (regular
and contract)
Total Power Requirement
DGVCL: 2000 KVA,
DG Set: 500*2 KVA
(Emergency power back up)
Fuel Requirement:
Imported Coal: 64 MT/Day Diesel: 800 Liters/Day
Requirement of Water:
Domestic: 15.0 KL/Day
Gardening: 20.0 KL/Day
Industrial: 393.35 KL/Day
Total Water Quantity: 428.35 KL/Day
Source of water: GIDC Water Supply
Status of Approval: Company has made
agreement with GIDC to supply of water
Water Balance Diagram is referred as Fig.
2.4, Chapter-2 in EIA Report (Page No. 2-29).
Man-power requirement:
Total Manpower = 100 Nos.
viii. Process description along with major
equipments and machineries, process flow
sheet (quantities) from raw material to
products to be provided
Process description along with major
equipments and machineries, process flow
sheet (quantities) from raw material to
products is referred as Section 2.8, Chapter-
2 in EIA Report (Page No. 2-13 to 2-25).
ix. Hazard identification and details of proposed
safety systems.
Hazard Identification and safety precautions
are referred as Section 7.4, Chapter-7 of EIA
Assessment Report (Page No. 7-12)and
safety precautions is referred as Section 7.2,
Chapter-7 of EIA Assessment Report (Page
No. 7-10 to 7-11).
x. Expansion/modernization proposals:
a. Copy of all the Environmental Clearance(s)
New Project
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including Amendments thereto obtained for
the project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be
attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of
the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional
Office of the Ministry of Environment and
Forests as per circular dated 30th May, 2012
on the status of compliance of conditions
stipulated in all the existing environmental
clearances including Amendments shall be
provided. In addition, status of compliance of
Consent to Operate for the ongoing Iexisting
operation of the project from SPCB shall be
attached with the EIA-EMP report.
b. In case the existing project has not obtained
environmental clearance, reasons for not
taking EC under the provisions of the EIA
Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification
2006 shall be provided. Copies of Consent to
Establish/No Objection Certificate and
Consent to Operate (in case of units
operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE
and CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtained from the
SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance
report to the conditions of consents from the
SPCB shall be submitted.
--
4. Site Details
i. Location of the project site covering village,
Taluka/Tehsil, District and State, Justification
for selecting the site, whether other sites were
considered.
Location of the Project is referred as
Section- 2.3, Chapter-2 in EIA Report (Page
No. 2-4 to 2-5).
ii. A topo sheet of the study area of radius of
10km and site location on 1:50,000/1:25,000
scale on an A3/A2 sheet. (including all eco-
sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive
places)
A topo sheet of the study area is referred as
Figure 3.10, Section 3.9, Chapter-3 in EIA
Report (Page No. 3-50).
iii. Details w.r.t. option analysis for selection of
site
Project activities will be carried out within
Premises. Unit is located in PCPIR region of
Notified Industrial estate of GIDC Saykha.
PCPIR obtained Environment clearance in
September, 2017.
iv. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of
the site.
Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of
the site is referred Section 1.3, Chapter-1 in
EIA Report (Page No. 1-4).
v. Google map-Earth downloaded of the project
site
Google map-Earth downloaded of the
project site is referred as Figure – 2.2,
Section- 2.3.1, Chapter-2 in EIA Report (Page
No. 2-4 to 2-5).
vi. Layout maps indicating existing unit as well Layout maps are referred as Figure – 2.1,
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as proposed unit indicating storage area, plant
area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. If located
within an Industrial area/Estate/Complex,
layout of Industrial Area indicating location of
unit within the Industrial area/Estate.
Section- 2.2, Chapter-2 in EIA Report (Page
No. 2-2).
vii. Photographs of the proposed and existing (if
applicable) plant site. If existing, show
photographs of plantation/greenbelt, in
particular.
Not Applicable
This is a proposed plant.
viii. Landuse break-up of total land of the
project site (identified and acquired),
government/private - agricultural, forest,
wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc. shall
be included. (not required for industrial area)
Land use break-up of total land of the
project site is referred as Table 1.3, Section
1.2.2, and Chapter-1 in EIA Report (Page No.
1-2).
ix. A list of major industries with name and type
within study area (10km radius) shall be
incorporated. Land use details of the study area
A list of major industries with name and
type within study area is referred as Table
2.2, Section 2.4.1, and Chapter-2 in EIA
Report (Page No. 2-6).
x. Geological features and Geo-hydrological
status of the study area shall be included.
Geological features is referred as Figure 3.5,
Section 3.8.2 (Page No. 3-40) and Geo-
hydrological status of the study area are
referred as Figure 3.7, Section 3.8.4,
Chapter-3 in EIA Report (Page No. 3-43).
xi. Details of Drainage of the project up to 5 km
radius of study area. If the site is within 1 km
radius of any major river, peak and lean season
river discharge as well as flood occurrence
frequency based on peak rainfall data of the
past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the
project site and maximum Flood Level of the
river shall also be provided. (mega green field
projects)
Drainage pattern of the project is referred
as Figure 3.8, Section 3.8.5, and Chapter-3 in
EIA Report (Page No. 3-44 to 3-45).
xii. Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is
not complete, stage of the acquisition process
and expected time of complete possession of
the land.
Unit is located in PCPIR region of Notified
Industrial estate of GIDC Saykha. PCPIR
obtained Environment clearance in
September, 2017.
xiii. R&R details in respect of land in line with
state Government policy
Unit is located in PCPIR region of Notified
Industrial estate of GIDC Saykha. PCPIR
obtained Environment clearance in
September, 2017. Hence, R & R is not
applicable to us.
5. Forest and wildlife related issues (if
applicable)
i. Permission and approval for the use of
forest land (forestry clearance), if any, and
recommendations of the State Forest
Department. (if applicable)
Not Applicable
ii. Landuse map based on High resolution Not Applicable
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satellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed site
delineating the forestland (in case of
projects involving forest land more than 40
ha)
iii. Status of Application submitted for obtaining
the stage I forestry clearance along with
latest status shall be submitted.
Not Applicable
iv. The projects to be located within 10 km of
the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere
Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild
Animals, the project proponent shall submit
the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife
Warden showing these features vis-à-vis the
project location and the recommendations
or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden
there on.
Not Applicable
v. Wildlife Conservation Plan duly
authenticated by the Chief Wildlife Warden
of the State Government for conservation of
Schedule I fauna, if any exists in the study
area
Not Applicable
vi. Copy of application submitted for clearance
under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to
the Standing Committee of the National
Board for Wildlife
Not Applicable
6. Environmental Status
i. Determination of atmospheric inversion level
at the project site and site-specific
micrometeorological data using temperature,
relative humidity, hourly wind speed and
direction and rainfall.
Determination of atmospheric inversion
level at the project site and site-specific
micrometeorological data using
temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind
speed and direction and rainfall is referred
as Section 3.3, Chapter-3 in EIA Report (Page
No. 3-4 to 3-10).
ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations
for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and other
parameters relevant to the project shall be
collected. The monitoring stations shall be
based CPCB guidelines and take into account
the pre-dominant wind direction, population
zone and sensitive receptors including reserved
forests.
AAQ data (except monsoon) at 11 locations
for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, CO and other
parameters relevant to the project is
referred as Table No. 3.8, Section 3.4,
Chapter-3 in EIA Report (Page No. 3-13 to 3-
17).
iii. Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12
weeks of all stations as per frequency given in
the NAQQM Notification of Nov. 2009 along
with – min., max., average and 98% values for
each of the AAQ parameters from data of all
AAQ stations should be provided as an
annexure to the EIA Report.
Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 11
weeks of all stations as per frequency given
in the NAQQM Notification of Nov. 2009 is
referred as Table No. 3.9, Section 3.4,
Chapter-3 in EIA Report (Page No. 3-14 to 3-
17).
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iv. Surface water quality of nearby River (100 m
upstream and downstream of discharge point)
and other surface drains at eight locations as
per CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines.
Surface water quality is referred as Table
No. 3.11, Section 3.6, Chapter-3 in EIA
Report (Page No. 3-21 to 3-25).
v. Whether the site falls near to polluted
stretch of river identified by the
CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes give details.
No falls
vi. Ground water monitoring at minimum at 8
locations shall be included.
Ground water monitoring at minimum at 11
locations is referred as Table No. 3.11,
Section 3.6, Chapter-3 in EIA Report (Page
No. 3-21 to 3-25).
vii. Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations within
the study area.
Noise levels monitoring at 10 locations is
referred as Table No. 3.10, Section 3.5,
Chapter-3 in EIA Report (Page No. 3-19 to 3-
20).
viii. Soil Characteristic as per CPCB guidelines. Soil Characteristic is referred as Table No.
3.12, Section 3.7.1, Chapter-3 in EIA Report
(Page No. 3-26 to 3-28).
ix. Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles,
frequency of vehicles for transportation of
materials, additional traffic due to proposed
project, parking arrangement etc.
Truck – 7 Nos.
Tanker – 6 Nos.
Loader – 2 Nos.
Cars – 10 Nos.
Bikes – 40 Nos.
x. Detailed description of flora and fauna
(terrestrial and aquatic) existing in the study
area shall be given with special reference to
rare, endemic and endangered species. If
Schedule-I fauna are found within the study
area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be
prepared and furnished.
Flora existing in the study area is referred as
Table 3.15, Section 3.10.3, Chapter-3 in EIA
Report (Page No. 3-53 to 3-57) and Fauna
(terrestrial and aquatic) existing in the study
area is referred as Table 3.16, Section
3.10.4, Chapter-3 in EIA Report (Page No. 3-
58 to 3-64).
xi. Socio-economic status of the study area. Socio-economic status of the study area is
referred as Section 3.11, Chapter-3 in EIA
Report (Page No. 3-104).
7. Impact and Environment Management Plan
i. Assessment of ground level concentration of
pollutants from the stack emission based on
site-specific meteorological features. In case
the project is located on a hilly terrain, the
AQIP Modelling shall be done using inputs of
the specific terrain characteristics for
determining the potential impacts of the
project on the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all
sources of emissions (including transportation)
on the AAQ of the area shall be assessed.
Details of the model used and the input data
used for modelling shall also be provided.
The air quality contours shall be plotted on a
location map showing the location of project
Assessment of ground level concentration
of pollutants is referred as Table 4.2,
Chapter-4 in EIA Report (Page No. 4-14 to 4-
15).
Details of the model used and the input data
used for modeling:
1) Conc. of all pollutants
2) Meteorological Data
3) Ram file, Sam File, Met File, Mixing
Height
4) Village Co-Ordinates
Contours are referred as Figure 4.1, Section
4.2.2, and Chapter-4 in EIA Report (4-16 to
4-21).
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site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if
any.
ii. Water Quality modelling – in case of
discharge in water body
Water Quality modeling is referred as Table
No. 3-11, Section 3.6, Chapter-3 in EIA
Report (Page No. 3-21 to 3-25).
iii. Impact of the transport of the raw materials
and end products on the surrounding
environment shall be assessed and provided. In
this regard, options for transport of raw
materials and finished products and wastes
(large quantities) by rail or rail-cum road
transport or conveyor-cum-rail transport shall
be examined.
Please refer Section 7.3, Chapter-7 in EIA
Report (Page No. 7-11).
iv. A note on treatment of wastewater from
different plant operations, extent recycled and
reused for different purposes shall be included.
Complete scheme of effluent treatment.
Characteristics of untreated and treated
effluent to meet the prescribed standards of
discharge under E(P) Rules.
Detailed effluent treatment scheme
including segregation of effluent streams of
wastewater shall be treated in effluent
treatment plant consist of MEE treatment
And Diluted stream shall be treated in ETP
then sent to CETP for further Treatment and
Disposal is referred as section-2.9, Chapter-
2 in EIA Report (Page No. 2-26 to 2-35).
v. Details of stack emission and action plan for
control of emissions to meet standards.
Details of stack emission is referred as Table
4.2, Section 4.2.2, Chapter-4 in EIA Report
(Page No. 4-14) and action plan for control
of emissions is referred as Section 10.4.2,
Chapter-10 in EIA Report (Page No. 10-6).
vi. Measures for fugitive emission control Measures for fugitive emission control are
referred as Section 10.4.2.1, Chapter-10 in
EIA Report (Page No. 10-7).
vii. Details of hazardous waste generation and
their storage, utilization and management.
Copies of MOU regarding utilization of solid
and hazardous waste in cement plant shall also
be included. EMP shall include the concept of
waste-minimization, recycle/reuse/recover
techniques, Energy conservation, and natural
resource conservation.
Details of hazardous waste generation and
their storage, utilization and management is
referred as Table 2.8, Section 2.11.1,
Chapter-2 in EIA Report (Page No. 2-40 to 2-
42).
viii. Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured
as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009. A detailed
plan of action shall be provided.
Fly ash will be collected, stored and
transported to brick manufacturer.
ix. Action plan for the green belt development
plan in 33 % area i.e. land with not less than
1,500 trees per ha. Giving details of species,
width of plantation, planning schedule etc. shall
be included. The green belt shall be around the
project boundary and a scheme for greening of
the roads used for the project shall also be
incorporated.
M/s. Starlite Paints. will developed green
belt within factory premises. Total
10800.675 sq. meter land area is available at
site; out of this area about 3565 sq. meter
(33%) area is covered as greenbelt and other
forms of greenery.
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x. Action plan for rainwater harvesting
measures at plant site shall be submitted to
harvest rainwater from the roof tops and storm
water drains to recharge the ground water and
also to use for the various activities at the
project site to conserve fresh water and reduce
the water requirement from other sources.
Rain water harvesting is not possible in
pesticide unit due to probability of
decontamination of rain water. Therefore
company is not provided the facility of rain
water harvesting.
xi. Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum
for environmental pollution control measures
shall be included.
Total capital investment for the project will
Rs. 52 Crores
xii. Action plan for post-project environmental
monitoring shall be submitted.
Post-project environmental monitoring is
referred as Table 6.1, Section 6.3 Chapter-6
in EIA Report (Page No. 6-3).
xiii. Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and
Man-made) Preparedness and Emergency
Management Plan including Risk Assessment
and damage control. Disaster management
plan should be linked with District Disaster
Management Plan.
Disaster Management Plan- On site &off Site
Emergency Management Plan is referred as
Section 7.6, Chapter-7 in EIA Report (Page
No. 7-56).
8. Occupational health
i. Plan and fund allocation to ensure the
occupational health & safety of all contract and
casual workers
Plan and fund allocation for occupational
health & safety of all contract and casual
workers is Rs. 12 Lakh/Annum.
ii. Details of exposure specific health status
evaluation of worker. If the workers’ health is
being evaluated by pre designed format, chest
x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing
(Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other
ocular defect) ECG, during pre-placement and
periodical examinations give the details of the
same. Details regarding last month analyzed
data of above mentioned parameters as per
age, sex, duration of exposure and department
wise.
Health Evaluation of Workers is referred as
Section 7.8.1.8 Chapter-7 in EIA Report
(Page No. 7-64).
iii. Details of existing Occupational & Safety
Hazards. What are the exposure levels of
hazards and whether they are within
Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If these are
not within PEL, what measures the company
has adopted to keep them within PEL so that
health of the workers can be preserved,
EMP for the Occupational Safety & Health
hazards so that such exposure can be kept
within permissible exposure level
(PEL)/Threshold Level value (TLV) so as to
protect health of workers is referred as,
Section 7.8.1.9, Chapter-7 in EIA Report
(Page No. 7-64 to 7-66).
iv. Annual report of health status of workers
with special reference to Occupational Health
and Safety
Health Evaluation of Workers is referred as
Section 7.8.1.8 Chapter-7 in EIA Report
(Page No. 7-64).
9. Corporate Environment Policy
i. Does the company have a well laid down
Environment Policy approved by its Board of
Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA
Env. Policy is referred as Section 6.4,
Chpater-6 in EIA Report (Page No. 6-5).
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report.
ii. Does the Environment Policy prescribe for
standard operating process / procedures to
bring into focus any infringement / deviation /
violation of the environmental or forest norms
/ conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA.
Env. Policy is referred as Section 6.4,
Chpater-6 in EIA Report (Page No. 6-5).
iii. What is the hierarchical system or
Administrative order of the company to deal
with the environmental issues and for ensuring
compliance with the environmental clearance
conditions? Details of this system may be given.
Administrative order of the company is
referred as Section 6.5, Chapter-6 in EIA
Report (Page No. 6-7 to 6-8).
iv. Does the company have system of reporting
of non-compliances / violations of
environmental norms to the Board of Directors
of the company and / or shareholders or
stakeholders at large? This reporting
mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report
Administrative order of the company is
referred as Section 6.5, Chapter-6 in EIA
Report (Page No. 6-7).
10. Details regarding infrastructure facilities such
as sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to be provided
to the labour force during construction as well
as to the casual workers including truck drivers
during operation phase.
Company will provide the sanitation facility
only to the Labour force during construction
as well as to the casual workers including
truck drivers during operation phase.
11. Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC)
i. Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the project
cost) shall be earmarked towards the
Enterprise Social Commitment based on Public
Hearing issues and item-wise details along with
time bound action plan shall be included. Socio-
economic development activities need to be
elaborated upon.
CER activities are referred as Section 8.5;
Chapter-8 in EIA Report (Page No. 8-
2).Project is located in Notified Industrial
Area of GIDC, Saykha. Hence Public Hearing
is exempted.
12. Any litigation pending against the project
and/or any direction/order passed by any Court
of Law against the project, if so, details thereof
shall also be included. Has the unit received any
notice under the Section 5 of Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of
Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and
compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present
status of the case.
There is no any litigation pending against the
project and/or any direction/order passed
by any Court of Law against the project.
13. ‘A tabular chart with index for point wise
compliance of above TORs.
Complied
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B. SPECIFIC TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR EIASTUDIES FOR PESTICIDES INDUSTRY AND
PESTICIDE SPECIFIC INTERMEDIATES (EXCLUDING FORMULATIONS)
SR.
NO. TERMS OF REFERENCES COMPLIANCE
1 Commitment that no banned pesticides will be
manufactured.
Undertaking stating that no banned
pesticides will be manufactured is referred
as Annexure-13, (Page No. A-27).
2 Details on solvents to be used, measures for
solvent recovery and for emissions control.
Solvents to be used, measures for solvent
recovery is referred in Section-7.9,
Chapter-7 in EIA Report (Page No. 7-67 to
7-69).
3 Details of process emissions from the proposed
unit and its arrangement to control.
Details of process emissions and its
arrangement to control in proposed
scenario is referred as section - 2.10.1,
Chapter-2 in EIA Report (Page No. 2-38).
4 Ambient air quality data should include VOC,
other process- specific pollutants* like
NH3*,chlorine*, HCl*, HBr*, H2S*, HF*, CS2 etc.,
(*-as applicable)
Please refer Table-3.9, Section-3.4, and
Chapter-3 in EIA Report (Page No. 3-14 to
3-17).
5 Work zone monitoring arrangements for
hazardous chemicals.
Please refer Table-6.1, section-6.3,
Chapter-6 in EIA Report (Page No. 6-3)
6 Detailed effluent treatment scheme including
segregation of effluent streams for units
adopting 'Zero' liquid discharge.
Detailed effluent treatment scheme
including segregation of effluent streams
of wastewater shall be treated in effluent
treatment plant then discharge into CETP
for further treatment is referred as
section-2.9.5, Chapter-2 in EIA Report
(Page No. 2-31).
7 Action plan for odor control to be submitted. Please refer section - 10.4.2.2, Chapter-10
in EIA Report (Page No. 10-9)
8 A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding
signed with cement manufacturers indicating
clearly that they co-process organic
solid/hazardous waste generated.
Unit has obtained provisional Membership
of M/s. BEIL Infrastructure Ltd. for co-
processing of hazardous waste is referred
as section-2.11.4, Chapter-2 in EIA Report
(Page No. 2-44 to 2-45).
9 Authorization/Membership for the disposal of
liquid effluent in CETP and solid/hazardous waste
in TSDF, if any.
Authorization/Membership for the
disposal of liquid effluent in CETP is
referred as Section 2.9.9, Chapter-2 in EIA
Report (Page No. 2-37) and
solid/hazardous waste in TSDF is referred
as Section 2.11.4, Chapter-2 in EIA Report
(Page No. 2-44 to 2-45).
10 Material Safety Data Sheet for all the Chemicals
are being used/will be used.
Material Safety Data Sheet for all the
Chemicals is referred to Annexure-15,
(Page No. A-31).
11 Authorization/Membership for the disposal of Authorization/Membership for the
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solid/hazardous waste in TSDF. disposal of solid/hazardous waste in TSDF
is referred as Section 2.11.4, Chapter-2 in
EIA Report (Page No. 2-44 to 2-45).
12 Details of incinerator if to be installed. Not Applicable
13 Risk assessment for storage and handling of
hazardous chemicals/solvents. Action plan for
handling & safety system to be incorporated.
Risk assessment for storage and handling
of hazardous chemicals/solvents is
referred as Section-7.1.4.3, Chapter-7 of
EIA Report (Page No. 7-4).
14 Arrangements for ensuring health and safety of
workers engaged in handling of toxic materials.
Arrangements for ensuring health and
safety of workers is refer section-7.8,
Chapter-7 of EIA Report (Page No. 7-62 to
7-66).
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UNDERTAKING
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DECLARATION BY HEAD OF THE ORGANIZATION
I, Jayeshkumar S. Patel hereby confirm that the above mentioned team members were
involved in preparation of EIA Report of M/s. Starlite Paints for Proposed Pesticide Specific
Intermediates Manufacturing Unit (450 MT/Month) at Plot No: DP-46, Saykha Industrial
Estate, Tal: Vagra, Dist: Bharuch (Gujarat). I also confirm that I shall be fully accountable for
any misleading information mentioned in this statement.
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CHAPTER – 1:
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
M/s. Starlite Paints Proposed Pesticide Specific Intermediates (450 MT/Month)
Manufacturing Unit at Plot No. DP-46, Saykha Industrial Estate, Tal: Vagra, Dist: Bharuch
(Gujarat).
1.1.1 Promoters and their Back Ground
TABLE 1.1 PROMOTERS AND THEIR BACK GROUND
The detail of project proponent is as below:
No. Name Designation Contact Details
1 Mr. Rakesh Kumar V.
Shah Proprietor
137, Tribhuvan Industrial Estate, Road
No. 11, Kathwada GIDC, Odhav,
Ahmedabad – 382 430.
District: Bharuch
Email: [email protected]
Telephone: +91 9825034902
1.1.2 Regulatory Provision
For proposed project, following assumptions has been considered:
1) Proposed project falls in category A - 5(b), so we applied for Environmental Clearance at
MoEF & CC, New Delhi.
2) Consent to Establish/Consent to operate for proposed project from GPCB.
3) Factory Act License
4) Public Liability Insurance
5) The Motor Vehicles Act
6) The Bureau of Indian Standards Act
7) The Static and Mobile Pressure Vessels (Unfired) Rules
8) Capacity of Plant 450 MT/Month
9) Total working days in a year 330
10) Raw material storage facility for 5 days
11) Finished product storage for 10 days
12) Solvent Storage facility for 3 days
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1.1.3 Justification of Project
The demand for products intended to be manufacture is increasing in the country. M/s.
Starlite Paints will be able to meet the demand of various products locally. The project will
save forex as certain products import will be reduced. This will also generate direct and
indirect employment opportunity for various levels of people.
1.2 PROJECT DETAILS
1.2.1 Total Project Cost
Total capital investments for the project will Rs. 52 Cr.
TABLE 1.2
BREAK UP OF PROJECT COST
Sr. No. Purpose Total
(Rs. In Crore)
1 Cost of Land, Building & Machinery 30
2
Capital cost of air & water pollution control
system and environmental monitoring
equipments
22
3 Recurring cost (Operation and maintenance) 27
1.2.2 Plot Area
Total 10800.675 sq. meter land area is available at site; out of this area about 3565 sq.
meter (33 %) area is covered as greenbelt and other forms of greenery.
TABLE 1.3
BREAK UP OF DIFFERENT LAND USE OF FACTORY
Sr. No. LAND ALLOCATED TOTAL AREA in m2
1 Tank Farm 503.07
2 Hazardous Chemical Storage 219.98
3 RM & FG Storage 262
4 MEE 242.39
5 ETP 407
6 Plant – 1 760.79
7 Plant – 2 554.57
8 Security Cabin 9
9 Transformer Location 67.47
10 Admin, OHS & Lab 209.9
11 PCC Room 154.73
12 D.G. Set 16.96
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1.2.3 Exact Details about Infrastructural Facilities, Plant Machineries, etc. Required for the
Proposed Project
TABLE 1.4
LIST OF MACHINERIES AND EQUIPMENTS
Sr.
No. MACHINERY CAPACITY MOC TOTAL NOS.
1 MSGL Reactor 12.5 KL MSGL 4 Nos.
2 MSGL Reactor 8.0 KL MSGL 10 Nos.
3 MSGL Reactor 6.3 KL MSGL 20 Nos.
4 MSGL Reactor 4.0 KL MSGL 3 Nos.
5 MSGL Reactor 3.0 KL MSGL 2 Nos.
6 MSGL Tank – Multiple capacity 1.0 KL to 8 KL MSGL 22 Nos.
7 S.S Reactor 10 KL SS316 3 Nos.
8 S.S Reactor 8 KL SS316 3 Nos.
9 S.S Reactor 7 KL SS316 4 Nos.
10 S.S Reactor 6 KL SS316 3 Nos.
11 S.S Reactor 5 KL SS316 3 Nos.
12 S.S Reactor 2 KL to 4 KL SS316 5 Nos.
13 ANFD Multiple capacity SS316 6 Nos.
14 Condenser Multiple capacity SS 316 30 Nos.
15 Condenser Multiple capacity Graphite 25 Nos.
16 Pump Multiple capacity SS 316/PP 50 Nos.
17 SS tank Multiple capacity SS 316 40 Nos.
13 Raw Water Tank - 1 71.91
14 Raw Water Tank - 2 61.32
15 Raw Water Tank - 3 66.38
16 Fire Water Tank 115.64
17 Pump Area 75.32
18 Boiler 506.04
19 Green Belt 3565
20 Roads 2931.205
TOTAL AREA 10800.675
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1.3 SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT & INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES INCLUDING
POWER SOURCES
TABLE 1.5 SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT
Sr.
No.
Salient Features Details
1 Location of project
Co-ordinates
M/s. Starlite Paints
Plot No. DP - 46, Saykha Industrial Estate,
Tal: Vagra, Dist: Bharuch (Gujarat).
21°48'4.71"N 72°49'12.08"E
21°48'2.94"N 72°49'15.10"E
21°48'0.00"N 72°49'13.08"E
21°48'1.48"N 72°49'10.63"E
21°48'2.32"N 72°49'10.42"E
2 Status of Land acquisition Land is already acquired
3 Land area of project site 10800.675 sq. meters
4 Fuel to be used Fuel:
Imported Coal: 64 MT/Day
Diesel : 800 Liters/Day
5 Source of Water Water requirement will be met through the GIDC
Water Supply
6 Total Water Quantity Domestic: 15.0 KL/Day
Gardening: 20.0 KL/Day
Industrial: 393.35 KL/Day
Total Water Quantity: 428.35 KL/Day
7 Quantity of industrial effluent
generation and domestic
wastewater generation
Domestic: 11 KL/Day
Industrial: 226.35 KL/Day
Total Wastewater Quantity: 237.35 KL/Day
8 Treatment of effluent 11.0 KL/Day Domestic wastewater will be
treated in STP and treated effluent will be
reused in gardening.
High COD & TDS stream: 170.0 KL/Day
Wastewater from process will be sent to
Solvent Stripper then sent to In-house MEE.
151 KL/Day MEE condensate will be reused
within premises and MEE Salt will be send to
TSDF site.
Low COD Stream from process (10 KL/Day) and
9 Disposal of treated effluent
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Dilute Stream (46.35 KL/Day): 56.35 KL/Day
Wastewater will be sent to ETP. Total 56.35
KLD will be treated in ETP and then treated
effluent will be sent to CETP for further
treatment & disposal.
10 Details of emissions Source of flue gas emission will be Boiler, TFH
and DG Set (2 Nos.).
The source of process gas emission will be from
vent attached to reactors (4 Nos.).
11 Hazardous waste generation
Discarded Containers/Bags/Liners, Used/Spent
oil. Used Filters/Filter Cloths & Materials, Used
Hy-Flow Material, Spent Solvent, Distillation
Residue, Solvent Residue, MEE Salt, ETP Sludge,
Organic Impurities, Expired Pesticides, Spent
Catalyst, Sodium Chloride, NaBr solution, Aq
MnO2, Hydrobromic Acid (40%), N-propyl
bromide, HCl (30%), Methyl Acetate, KCl,
NAHSO3 Solution, Liq. Ammonia and Ash from
Boiler.
12 Disposal of hazardous waste Hazardous waste will be disposed as per
Hazardous and Other Waste (Management and
Transboundary Movement) Rule, 2016.
13 Power requirement & source Power requirement: 2000 KVA DGVCL
DG Set = 500 KVA*2 Nos.
(Emergency power back up)
14 Names & distance of National
parks, Wildlife sanctuaries,
Reserve Forests etc. Located
within 10 Km from the plant
boundary
There are no National parks, Wildlife sanctuaries,
and Reserve Forests etc. located within 10 km
from the plant boundary.
15 Any litigation/Court case
pertaining to the project:
No litigation/Court case pertaining to the
industry.
16 Total Cost of the Project:
Rs. (Crores)
Total capital investments for the project will Rs.
52 Crores
17 Nearest Town Saykha = 1.29 Km
18 Nearest Railway station Bharuch = 21.08 Km
19 Nearest Air port Vadodara = 71.58 Km
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1.4 PURPOSE OF EIA
The EIA study is carried out to assess the pollution potential and evaluate the adequacy and
efficiency of proposed Pollution Control & Environmental Management System.
1.5 OBJECTIVES OF EIA
The main objectives of the study are
1) To assess the background environmental status,
2) To identify potential sources of pollution,
3) To predict and evaluate the impact on environment along with pollution control
measures taken and
4) To prepare a comprehensive Environment Management Plan and Disaster
Management Plan.
1.6 METHODOLOGIES FOR EIA
Taking into consideration proposed project activities and guidelines, an area of 10 km radius
from the center of the project has been selected and is designated as the study area for the
purpose of EIA studies.
1.6.1 Base Line Condition
The samples of ambient air, ground and surface water and soil are collected and analyzed as
per the standard methods for establishing the baseline data and to determine the impact of
proposed activity on the same.
1.6.2 Ambient Air Environment
The air environment around the plant was studied by setting up 11 locations within the
study area of 10 km radius from the project site and collection and monitoring the site
specific meteorological data, viz. wind speed, wind direction, humidity, rainfall and ambient
temperature was carried out. Design of network for ambient air quality monitoring locations
is based on guidelines provided by CPCB. The ambient air samples were collected and
analyzed for SPM, PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, HCl, HBr, O3, Pb, CO, NH3, C6H6, Arsenic (As), Nickel
(Ni), HC & VOCs for identification, prediction, evaluation and assessment of potential impact
on ambient air environment.
1.6.3 Ground and Surface Water Environment
The water required for domestic and industrial use is being made available from the GIDC
Water Authority. Hence, to assess the physico-chemical quality of the water, a number of
water samples were collected and analyzed for pollution parameters viz., pH, TDS, Turbidity,
BOD3, COD, Fluorides, Chlorides, Sulphates, Nitrates, Ammonical Nitrogen, Hardness,
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Alkalinity, Oil & Grease and some heavy metals in order to find out the contamination, if
any.
1.6.4 Noise Environment
Noise pollution survey was conducted in the study zone. The anticipated noise sources were
industrial activities, which are likely to be increased due to proposed activity. Noise levels
were also recorded in surrounding villages for evaluating general scenario of the study area.
Hourly equivalent sound levels (Leq) were also recorded for calculating Day and Night noise
levels in the surrounding villages.
1.6.5 Soil Environment
Soil sampling and analysis was carried out to assess physico-chemical characteristics of the
soils and delineate existing cropping pattern, existing land use and topography, within the
study area.
1.6.6 Biological Environment
Keeping in view, the importance of biological component of total environment due to the
proposed project, biological characterization of terrestrial and aquatic environments,
changes in species diversity of flora and fauna in terrestrial as well as aquatic systems were
studied for impact analysis due to proposed project activity, if any.
1.6.7 Socio-Economic Environment
Demographic and related socio-economic data was collected from census handbook to
assess socio-economic status of the study area. Assessment of impact on significant
historical, cultural, and archeological sites/places in the area and economic and employment
benefit arisen out from the project is given special attention.
1.6.8 Identification of Pollution Source
Detailed study of manufacturing process for proposed scenario is carried out along with
input and output of materials, water and wastewater as well as infrastructure facilities
available.
1.6.9 Evaluation of Pollution Control and Environmental Management System
The qualitative and quantitative analysis of various pollution sources as well as evaluation of
pollution control system is carried out.
1.6.10 Evaluation of Impact
A comprehensive evaluation of environmental impact with reference to proposed activities
is carried out.
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1.6.11 Preparation of Environmental Management Plan
A comprehensive Environmental Management Plan has been prepared covering all the
aspects of pollution prevention measures, Air and Water Pollution Control measures,
Hazardous Waste Management, Environmental Surveillance and Environmental
Management Plan.
The present report is an EIA conducted during Post Monsoon Season, 2020 (October, 2020
to December, 2020). The baseline environmental conditions have been established through
field monitoring and literature survey.
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1.7 STRUCTURE OF REPORT
The objective of the EIA study is preparation of Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) report
based on the guidelines of the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change
(MoEFCC), CPCB and GPCB. It incorporates the following.
Chapter 1 is an Introduction to the Industry and its premises. It also expresses the
basic objectives and methodologies for EIA studies and work to be covered under
each Environmental component.
Chapter 2 presents Project Description and Infrastructural facilities including all
industrial and environmental aspects of M/s. Starlite Paints as well as manufacturing
process details. This chapter also gives information about raw material storage and
handling, water and wastewater quantitative details, air pollution and control
system, Hazardous Waste generation, storage facility and disposal and utilities for
proposed plant capacity. It also provides information about proposed Environmental
Management Facilities available at the project site.
Chapter 3 covers Baseline Environmental Status including meteorological details,
Identification of baseline status of Environmental components of the surrounding
area covering air, water and land environment. Also presents a study of land use
pattern, Biological Environment & Socio-Economic Environment giving details about
District: Bharuch, Taluka: Vagra and the study area in terms of land use pattern,
biological environment, and socio-economic environment.
Chapter 4 deals with Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures,
which provides quantification of significant impacts of the proposed activities of
plant on various environmental components. Evaluation of the proposed pollution
control facilities has been presented.
Chapter 5 describes Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Site) considered with
respect to Technology & Site.
Chapter 6 deals with Environmental Monitoring Plan
Chapter 7 describes Risk assessment and Disaster Management Plan that shall be
adopted by the company.
Chapter 8 describes Project Benefits
Chapter 9 deals with Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis
Chapter 10 describes Environment Management Plan (EMP) to be adopted for
mitigation of anticipated adverse impacts if any and to ensure acceptable impacts.
Chapter 11 describes Executive Summary & Conclusion of the Project.
Chapter 12 describes Disclosure of Consultants Engaged.
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FIGURE-1.1
ACTIVITIES, SOURCES OF INFORMATION AND CONTENTS OF EIA REPORT
RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY OF PLANT ANNUAL REPORT
MARKET ASSESSMENT
PROJECT REPORT
INTRODUCTION
MONITORING OF AIR, WATER & SOIL QUALITY
& NOISE LEVELS DATA ON METEOROLOGY,
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS & BASIC AMENITIES
SITE VISITS AND INTERVIEWS WITH LOCALS
BASELINE
ENVIRONMENTAL
STATUS
CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD
GUJARAT POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD (GPCB)
PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING DEPT
AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT
FOREST DEPARTMENT
IRRIGATION DEPARTMENT
EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE
HEALTH CENTER
CENSUS OF INDIA
INDIAN METEOROLOGICAL DEPT
ENVIRONMETAL INFORMATION CENTRE
SOCIOECONOMIC
STATUS &
INFRASTRUCTURE
PROPOSED
PLANT
FACILITY DESCRIPTION IMPACTS
METHODOLOGY OF
IMPACT
ASSESSMENT
IDENTIFICATION & ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS
EVALUATION OF IMPACTS BY MATRIX METHOD
SOURCE OF INFORMATION OVERVIEW OF
E. I. A. STUDIES
ACTIVITIES
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT PLAN
DESCRIPTION OF EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLAN,
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL, HAZARDOUS WASTE
MANAGEMENT, GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT
MONITORING PROGRAM
CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS
PREPARATION OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
PLAN
RISK ASSESSMENT
STUDIES &
DISASTER
MANAGEMENT PLAN
SAFETY, HEALTH & ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
GUIDELINES BY DIRECTOR GENERAL OF FACTORY
SAFETY, MINISTRY OF LABOR
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CHAPTER – 2:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES
2.1 BACKGROUND
M/s. Starlite Paints Proposed Pesticide Specific Intermediates (450 MT/Month)
Manufacturing Unit at Plot No. DP-46, Saykha Industrial Estate, Tal: Vagra, Dist: Bharuch
(Gujarat).
2.2 LAND REQUIREMENT FOR THE PROJECT INCLUDING ITS BREAK UP FOR VARIOUS
PURPOSES, ITS AVAILABILITY
Total 10800.675 sq. meter land area is available at site; out of this area about 3565 sq.
meter (33 %) area is covered as greenbelt and other forms of greenery.
TABLE 2.1 BREAK UP OF DIFFERENT LAND USE OF FACTORY
Sr. No. LAND ALLOCATED TOTAL AREA in m2
1 Tank Farm 503.07
2 Hazardous Chemical Storage 219.98
3 RM & FG Storage 262
4 MEE 242.39
5 ETP 407
6 Plant – 1 760.79
7 Plant – 2 554.57
8 Security Cabin 9
9 Transformer Location 67.47
10 Admin, OHS & Lab 209.9
11 PCC Room 154.73
12 D.G. Set 16.96
13 Raw Water Tank - 1 71.91
14 Raw Water Tank - 2 61.32
15 Raw Water Tank - 3 66.38
16 Fire Water Tank 115.64
17 Pump Area 75.32
18 Boiler 506.04
9 Green Belt 3565
10 Roads 2931.205
TOTAL AREA 10800.675
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FIGURE – 2.1
LAYOUT OF THE PLANT
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2.2.1 LAND POSSESSION DOCUMENTS. COPY OF NA ORDER SHOWING PERMISSION TO
USE THE PROJECT LAND FOR INDUSTRIAL PURPOSE. IF LOCATED IN GIDC, COPY OF PLOT
HOLDING CERTIFICATE OBTAINED FROM GIDC AUTHORITY.
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2.3 PROJECT SETTING
M/s. Starlite Paints in Saykha Industrial Estate is located at longitude 21°48'2.47"N and
latitude 72°49'12.58"E. Detailed Layout map of the plant is shown in Figure – 2.2.
M/s. Starlite Paints is located at Notified Industrial Area of Saykha GIDC, which is one of the
important industrial and commercial centers of Gujarat and India. The nearest Main railway
station is Bharuch on section of Western Railway Main Line. The station is located at about
21.08 km from the project site. Airport proximity is 71.58 km from project site which is
Vadodara.
2.3.1 Project Site and Plant Layout
Location (map showing general location, specific location and project boundary & project
site layout) with coordinates.
FIGURE - 2.2
LOCATION OF THE PROJECT SITE
Project Site
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FIGURE - 2.2 (CONT.)
PROJECT SITE ON GOOGLE EARTH
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2.4 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT SITE AND NEAREST HABITATS WITH DISTANCES FROM THE
PROJECT SITE TO BE DEMARCATED ON A TOPOSHEET (1: 50000 SCALE).
Key infrastructure features have been extracted from Survey of India (SoI) topographical
maps of 1:50,000 scale. The features have been updated using satellite data and have been
verified with ancillary information derived from TTK maps and guide maps. The locations of
the settlement have been extracted from Census of India (CoI) maps and verified by using
SoI topographical maps and satellite data.
2.4.1 Distance of Nearest Key Infrastructure Features from Project Site
The distance of railways and National and State highways are presented in Table 2.1 below.
TABLE 2.2
DISTANCE OF NEAREST KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES FROM PROJECT SITE
Sr. No. Nearest Infrastructure Feature Distance from Project Area
1 Western Railway Main Line 20.30 Km
2 National Highway NH-228 11.51 Km
3 State Highway – 161 5.33 Km
4 Vadodara Airport 71.58 Km
5 CETP, Saykha 1.99 Km
6 M/s. Hemani Crop Care Pvt. Ltd. 0.49 Km
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FIGURE – 2.3
Key Infrastructure
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2.5 PHASE WISE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE WITH BAR CHART AND TIME
FRAME, IN TERMS OF SITE DEVELOPMENT, INFRASTRUCTURE PROVISION, EMS
IMPLEMENTATION ETC.
All activities related to proposed project shall be started soon after getting Environmental
Clearance.
PROJECT BAR CHART
Sr.
No. Activity
MONTH
Status M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 M12
1
Civil
Construction
Work
Plan
Actual
2
Structural
Work
Plan
Actual
3
Mechanical
Erection Work
Plan
Actual
4
Commissioning
Work
Plan
Actual
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2.6 CHEMICAL NAME OF EACH PROPOSED PRODUCT TO BE MANUFACTURED. DETAILS
WITH LD50 OF EACH PRODUCT. (PROVIDE CAS NUMBER OF ALL THE PRODUCTS & RAW
MATERIALS.).
TABLE 2.3
LIST OF PRODUCTS WITH PRODUCTION CAPACITY
Sr.
No. Name of Products
Quantity
MT/Month CAS No.
LD50
(mg/Kg)
1 Methyl-3-methoxy{2-(2-(6-
chloropyrimidine-4-yl)oxy phenyl}-
acrylate (Inter-3 MONO)
450
131860-97-4 >2000
2 1-(2, 6-diiso propyl)-4-phenoxyphenyl)
thiourea (DTU). 135252-10-7 >500
3 4-amino-6-(tert-butyl)-3-thioxo-3,4-
dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H)-
one(Triazinone)
33509-43-2 2347
4 Bromobenzene 108-86-1 2383
5 O-(4- bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-O,O-
diethyl phosphorothioate: (PC) 71093-61-3 --
6 2-(4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-
chlorophenyl)-2-(bromomethyl)-4-
methyl 1,3-dioxolane (Bromoketal).
873012-43-2 --
7 2-Chloro 5-Chloro MethylThiazole
(CCMT) 105827-91-6 >2000
8 Diethyl Ketone (DEK) 96-22-0 2140
Total 450
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2.7 DETAILS ON RAW MATERIALS, SOURCE AND STORAGE WITHIN THE PREMISES.
TABLE 2.4
LIST OF RAW MATERIAL
SR.
No.
Product
Name
Raw material
Name
Source Mode
of
Transp
ort
Distance
of
source
from
Project
Site (Km)
Type of
Linkag
e
Quantit
y
(MT/M
onth)
CAS No.
1
Methyl-3-
methoxy{
2-(2-(6-
chloropyri
midine-4-
yl)oxy
phenyl}-
acrylate
(Inter-3
MONO)
OHPA Import Sea - - 470.7 643-79-8
Toluene Local Road 200 Open 2812.5 108-88-3
H2SO4 Local Road 200 Open 8.1 7664-93-9
Acetic Acid Local Road 200 Open 177.3 64-19-7
TMOF Import Sea - - 438.3 149-73-5
Acetic
Anhydride
Local Road 200 Open 478.35 108-24-7
Methanol Local Road 200 Open 1875.15 67-56-1
Methyl
Formate
Local Road 200 Open 504.45 107-31-3
NaHCO3 Local Road 200 Open 173.25 144-55-8
DCP Local /
Import
Road - - 365.85 87-65-0
KHSO4 Local Road 200 Open 18.9 7646-93-7
2 1-(2,6-
diiso
propyl )-
4-
Phenoxy
phenyl)
thiourea
(DTU).
2,6-diisopropyl
aniline
Import Sea - - 450 24544-04-5
Bromine Local Road 600 Open 242.55 7726-95-6
Catalyst Local Road 200 Open 108.9 7440-05-3
Phenol Local /
Import
Road/
Sea
- - 331.65 108-95-2
KOH Local Road 200 Open 225 1310-58-3
O- Xylene Local Road 200 Open 1420.65 95-47-6
CuCl Local Road 200 Open 45 7758-89-6
Dimethyl
Formamide
Local Road 200 Open 45 68-12-2
Hydrochloric
Acid
Local Road 200 Open 302.85 7647-01-0
Sodium
Thiocyanate
Local Road 200 Open 166.5 540-72-7
Sodium
hydroxide
solution
Local Road 200 Open 1183.95 1310-73-2
3. 4-amino- Dichloro Import Sea - - 504 22591-21-5
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6-(tert-
butyl)-3-
thioxo-
3,4-
dihydro-
1,2,4-
triazin-
5(2H)-
one(Triazi
none)
Pinacolone
C.S. Lye (48 %) Local Road 200 Open 1939.5 1310-73-2
KMnO4 Local Road 200 Open 395.55 7722-64-7
Thiocarbohydra
zide
Import Sea - - 301.05 79-19-6
Hydrochloric
Acid
Local Road 200 Open 1023.3 7647-01-0
4 Bromobe
nzene
Benzene Local /
Import
Road /
Sea
- - 267.75 71-43-2
Catalyst Local Road 200 Open 8.1 --
Liquid Bromine Local Road 600 Open 642.6 7726-95-6
Sodium
bisulfide
Local Road 200 Open 450 7631-90-5
5 O-(4-
bromo-2-
chlorophe
nyl)-O,O-
diethyl
phosphor
othioate:
(PC)
Ortho chloro
phenol
Import
/ Local
Road /
Sea
200 Open 171 95-57-8
Catalyst Local Road 200 Open 2.25 7440-05-3
Liquid Bromine Local Road 600 Open 215.1 7726-95-6
DETCL Local /
Import
Road /
Sea
200 Open 252.45 2524-04-1
Benzyl triethyl
Ammonium
chloride
Local Road 200 Open 2.25 56-37-1
N-propanol Local Road 200 Open 33.75 71-23-8
Catalyst DBB Local Road 200 Open 2.25 7440-05-3
Caustic Lye
(47%)
Local Road 200 Open 67.5 1310-73-2
6 2-(4-(4-
chlorophe
noxy)-2-
chlorophe
nyl)-2-
(bromom
ethyl)-4-
methyl
1,3-
dioxolane
(Bromoke
tal).
4-Chloro
Phenol
Local /
Import
Road /
Sea
- - 212.535 106-48-9
1,3-Dichloro
benzene
Local/I
mport
Road /
Sea
- - 1700.55 541-73-1
K2CO3 Local Road 200 Open 247.5 209-529-3
AlCl3 Local Road 200 Open 225 7446-70-0
Acetyl Chloride Local /
Import
Road /
Sea
- - 123.75 75-36-5
Ethylene
dichloride
Local Road 200 Open 1125 107-06-2
Hydrochloric
Acid
Local Road 200 Open 382.5 7647-01-0
Ethanone Local Road 200 Open 328.05 6090-09-1
1,2- Pentene
Diol
Import Sea - - 175.5 --
PTSA Local Road 200 Open 22.5 6192-52-5
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Cyclohexane Local Road 200 Open 1125 110-82-7
Bromine Local Road 600 Open 225 7726-95-6,
Na2CO3 Local Road 200 Open 675 497-19-8
7 2-Chloro
5-Chloro
MethylThi
azole
(CCMT)
Allyl Chloride Import Sea - - 556.2 107-05-1
Hydrochloric
acid
Local Road 200 Open 757.8 7647-01-0
Chlorine Gas Local Road 200 Open 495 7782-50-5
Caustic soda
flakes
Local Road 200 Open 292.5 1310-73-2
Catalyst Local Road 200 Open 14.4 7440-05-3
NaSCN Local Road 200 Open 428.4 540-72-7
Sulfuryl
chloride
Local Road 200 Open 616.5 10025-67-9
Toluene Local Road 200 Open 945 108-88-3
Ethylene
Dichloride
Local Road 200 Open 630 108-88-3
8 Diethyl
Ketone
(DEK)
Propionic Acid Import Sea - - 832.5 137-40-6
Metal catalyst Local Road 200 Open 83.25 --
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2.8 MANUFACTURING PROCESS, CHEMICAL REACTION AND MASS BALANCE OF EACH
PRODUCTS
1) Inter-3 MONO:
Manufacturing Process:
STEP: 1. Preparation of Benzofuranone
O-hydroxyphenyl aceticacid is reacted with acetic acid and PTSA as catalyst using
toluene as a solvent to give Benzofuranone.
STEP: 2. Preparation of 3-(alphamethoxy) methylene benzofuran-2(3H)-one
2-benzofuranone react with trimethyl orthoformate and acetic anhydride to give 3-
(alpha methoxy) methylene benzofuran-2(3H)-one (2-MBF).
STEP: 3. Preparation of methyl3, 3'-dimethoxy {2-(2-(6-chloropyrimidine-4-yl)oxy phenyl}-
acrylate
3-(alphamethoxy) methylene benzofuran-2(3H)-one thus obtain is react with
methylformate and 4, 6-dichlororo pyrimidine in presence of sodium methoxide
using methanol as solvent to give methyl 3, 3'-dimethoxy {2-(2-(6-Chloropyrimidine-
4-yl)oxy phenyl}-Acrylate.(INTEER=III Di)
STEP: 4. Preparation of methyl-3-methoxy {2-(2-(6-chloropyrimidine-4-yl) oxy phenyl}-
acrylate (MONO)
Methyl 3, 3'-Dimethoxy {2-(2-(6-chloropyrimidine-4-yl) oxy phenyl} acrylate is heated
in the presence of KHSO4 using toluene as solvent to give methyl 3-methoxy {2-(2-(6-
chloropyrimidine-4-yl) oxy phenyl} acrylate (Inter III Mono).
Chemical Reaction:
STEP:-I
STEP:-II
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STEP:-III
STEP:-IV
Mass Balance:
Input in kg Output In Kg
Name of Raw Material Per MT Name of Product Per MT
OHPA 1046 Reaction Water 246
Toluene 6250 Methyl Acetate 1552
H2SO4 18 H2SO4 18
Acetic Acid 394 Acetic Acid 394
TMOF 974 Recovered Methanol 3750
Acetic Anhydride 1063 Methanol 417
Methanol 4167 Recovered Toluene 5729
Methyl Formate 1121 Toluene 521
NaHCO3 385 Methyl Formate 1121
DCP 813 KCL 190
KHSO4 42 KHSO4 42
water 12000 Water 12000
Ejector Water 8000 Ejector Water 8000
Organic Impurity 1291
Inter-III MONO 1000
Total Inputs 36270 Total Outputs 36270
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2) DIPA to Thiourea:
Manufacturing Process:
Diafenthiuron is a thiourea class Insecticide:
STEP: - I
2, 6-diisopropyl aniline(DIPA) react with bromine in presence of Dimethyl Sulfoxide & O-
xylene as solvent to give 4-bromo 2,6-diisopropyl aniline (Br-DIPA).
STEP: II
4- bromo 2,6- diisopropyl aniline (Br-DIPA) react with phenol in prsence of KOH and O-
Xylene as a solvent to give 4- Phenoxy 2,6- diisopropyl aniline (Ph-DIPA).
STEP:-III
4- Phenoxy 2, 6- diisopropyl aniline (PH-DIPA) react with hydrocloric acid in a presence of O-
xylene as a solvent to give a 4- phenoxy 2, 6- diisopropyl aniline hydrocloride (Ph-DIPA HCl).
STEP: IV
4- phenoxy 2,6- diisopropyl aniline hydrochloride ( Ph-DIPA. HCl) react with sodium thio-
cyanate in a presence of hydrochloric acid and ortho xylene as a solvent to give 1-(2, 6-diiso
Propyl)-4- phenoxyphenyl) thiourea (DTU).
Chemical Reaction:
STEP: - I
STEP: II
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STEP:-III
STEP: IV
Mass Balance:
Input in kg Output In Kg
Name of Raw Material Per MT Name of Product Per MT
2,6-diisopropyl aniline 950 Dimethyl sulfide 182
Bromine 512 Recovered O-xylene 2900
Dimethyl sulfoxide 230 O- xylene (Loss) 100
Phenol 700 Reaction water 464
KOH 475 Recovered EDC 2800
O- Xylene 3000 Recoverd methanol 2850
CUCl 95 EDC (Loss) 200
Dimethyl formamide 95 Methanol(loss) 150
Hydrocloric Acid (35%) 640 Ammonia 60
Sodium Thiocyanate 352 NaBr solution 2610
Tert Butyl amine 220 Residue 380
Methanol 3000 Salt (Potesi.Phenate,KBr, CUCl) 710
Ethylene Dichloride 3000 water 12000
Sodium hydroxide solution 2500 Sodium Chloride 170
Water 12000 Organic impuriy 1193
Ejector Water 2700 Ejector Water 2700
Scrbber water 500 Diafenthiuron 1000
Scrubber water 500
Total Inputs 30969 Total Outputs 30969
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3) Triazinone:
Manufacturing Process:
STEP - 1
Dichloropinacolone is reacted with aqueous Solution of sodium hydroxide to give sodium
salt of 2-hydroxy-3, 3-dimethyl butanoate.
STEP – 2
2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl butanoate is further reacted and oxidised in presence of potassium
permanganate in a aqueous media to give the sodium salt of 3,3-dimethyl 2-oxo butanoate.
STEP – 3
3, 3-dimethyl 2-oxo butanoate is further reacted with thiocarbohydrazide and HCl to give 4 -
amino-6-(tert-butyl)-3-thioxo-3,4-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H)-one (Triazinone) which is
further filtered off and washed with water.
Chemical Reaction:
STEP – 1
STEP – 2
STEP – 3
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Balance:
Input in kg Output In Kg
Name of Raw Material Per MT Name of Product Per MT
Dichloro Pinacolone 1120 Filtrate Aqueous 8098
20% NaOH Solution 4310 NaCl 1260
KMnO4 879 55% Aq. MnO2 880
Thiocarbohydrazide 669 KCl 414
Concentrate HCl (30%) 2274 Triazinone 1000
Ejector water 2400
Total Inputs 11652 Total Outputs 11652
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4) Bromobenzene:
Manufacturing Process:
STEP: - 1
Reaction of Benzene l with Bromine in Presence of catalyst gives Bromobenzene.
Chemical Reaction:
Mass Balance:
Input in kg Output In Kg
Name of Raw Material Per MT Name of Product Per MT
Benzene 595 NaBr Solution 2000
Catalyst 18 Catalyst 18
Liquid Bromine 1428 Organic Impurity 23
Sodium bisulfide 1000 Bromo Benzene 1000
Ejector water 1000 Ejector water 1000
Total Inputs 4041 Total Outputs 4041
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5) O-(4- bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate: (PC)
Manufacturing Process:
STEP: - 1
Reaction of ortho Chlorophenol with Bromine in presence of catalyst gives Bromochloro
Phenol.
STEP: - 2
Bromo chlorophenol (BCP) with Diethyl thiophosphoryl Chloride (DETCL) in presence of
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to yield intermidiate PC-1.
Chemical Reaction:
Mass Balance:
Input in kg Output In Kg
Name of Raw Material Per MT Name of Product Per MT
Ortho chloro phenol 380 Hydrobromic Acid (40%) 200
Catalyst 5 N-propyl bromide 129
Liquid Bromine 478 Sodium Bromide 20
DETCL 561 Catalyst 15
Benzyl triethyl Ammonium
chloride
5 Organic Impurity 185
N-propanol 75 Aquous 1110
Catalyst DBB 5 PC 1000
water 1000
Caustic Lye (47%) 150
Total Inputs 2659 Total Outputs 2659
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6) Bromoketal:
Manufacturing Process:
STEP: - 1. Preparation of 1 - chloro-3-(4-chlorophenoxy) benzene
1, 3-Dichloro benzene was reacted with 4-chlorophenol in presence of suitable solvent and
base to give 1-chloro-3-(4-chlorophenoxy)benzene (Inter-1)
STEP: - 2. Preparation of 1-(2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl) ethanone
1-chloro-3-(4-chlorophenoxy)benzene is reacted with acetyl chloride in presence of lewis
acid and appropriate solvent to give 1-(2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl) ethanone
(Ethanone)
STEP: - 3. Preparation of 1-(4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-chlorophenyl)-2,4-dimethyl-1,3-
dioxolane
1-(4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-chloro-phenyl) ethanone (Ethanone) is reacted with 1,2-propane
diol in presence of PTSA to give 2-(4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-Chloro-phenyl)-2,4-dimethyl-1,3-
dioxolane (Ketal).
STEP: - 4. Preparation of 2-(4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-chloro -phenyl)-2-(Bromomethyl)-
4-methyl-1, 3-dioxolane
2-(4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-chloro-phenyl)-2,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane which is further
reacted with bromine to yield 2-(4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-chlorophenyl)-2-(bromomethyl)-4-
methyl 1,3-dioxolane (Bromoketal).
Chemical Reaction:
STEP: - 1
STEP: - 2
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STEP: - 3
STEP: - 4
Mass Balance:
Input In Kg Output In Kg
Name of Raw Material Per MT Name of Product Per MT
4-Chloro Phenol 472.3 Recovered 1,3-dichloro benzene 3023
1,3-Dichloro benzene 3779 1,3-dichloro benzene loss 756
K2CO3 550 KCl 440
AlCl3 500 K2CO3 110
Acetyl Chloride 275 HCl 1505
Ethylene dichloride 2500 AlCl3 500
10% HCl 850 Reaction Water 163
Ethanone 729 PTSA 50
1,2- Pentene Diol 390 EDC 2500
PTSA 50 DMF 200
Cyclohexane 2500 Cyclohexane 2500
Bromine 500 Organic Impurity 401
10% Na2CO3 solution 1500 NaBr Solution 1197
Water 8500 Water 8500
Scrbber Water 1200 Scrbber Water 1200
Ejector Water 3600 Ejector Water 3600
Organic residue 250
Bromo Ketal 1000
Total Inputs 27895 Total Outputs 27895
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7) CCMT:
Manufacturing Process:
STEP: - 1
Reaction of Allylchloride with chlorine in presence of hydrochloric acid and catalyst to give a
1,2,3-Trichloro propane.
STEP: - 2
1,2,3- trichloro propane react with Sodium chloride in presnce of water & catalyst to give a
2,3-Dichloro propane 1-ene.
STEP: - 3
2,3-Dichloro proapne 1-ene react with sodium thiocyanatein presence of water to gives a 2-
chloro 3- Isothiocyanato prop-1-ene.
STEP: - 4
2-Chloro 3- Isothiocyanato prop-1-ene react with sulfuryl chloride in presnce of toluene as a
solvent to gives a 2- chloro 5- chloro methyl thiazole.
Chemical Reaction:
STEP: - 1
STEP: - 2
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STEP: - 3
STEP: - 4
Mass Balance:
Input in kg Output In Kg
Name of Raw Material Per MT Name of Product Per MT
Allyl Chloride 1236 Sulfur Dioxide 640
Hydrochloric acid (35%) 1684 Hydrochloric acid 590
Chlorine Gas 1100 Recoverd toluene 1890
Caustic soda flaKes 650 Toluene loss 210
Catalyst 32 Recovered EDC 1200
NaSCN 952 EDC Loss 200
Sulfuryl chloride 1370 Organic Impurity 2100
Toluene 2100 water for generation 171
Ethylene Dichloride 1400 Sodium chloride 1060
Water 7000 Residue 300
Ejector water 2000 Aq. Effluent 8163
Scrubber water 1890 Ejector Water 2000
CCMT 1000
Scrubber water 1890
Total Inputs 21414 Total Outputs 21414
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8) DEK:
Manufacturing Process:
STEP: - 1
Reaction of Propionic acid,water and catalyst under N2 pressure at 360 to 420 °C to give a
diethyl ketone (Gas Phase reaction).
Chemical Reaction:
Mass Balance:
Input in kg Output In Kg
Name of Raw Material Per MT Name of Product Per MT
Propionic Acid 1850 Carbon dioxide 538
Metal catalyst 185 Residue 92
Water 500 Aq. Effluent 720
Ejector water 2000 Metal Catalyst 185
Scrubber water 1890 Ejector Water 2000
Diethyl keton 1000
Scrubber water 1890
Total Inputs 6425 Total Outputs 6425
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2.9 WATER REQUIREMENT, WASTEWATER GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT
2.9.1 Assessment of source of the water supply with adequacy of the same to meet with
the requirements for the project. Permission obtained from the concern authority for
supply of raw water.
Total water requirement will be 428.35 KL/day which will be met through GIDC water
supply.
Permission obtained from the concern authority for supply of raw water
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2.9.2 UNDERTAKING STATING THAT NO BORE WELL SHALL BE DUG WITHIN THE PREMISES
(IF PROJECT IS LOCATED WITHIN THE INDUSTRIAL ESTATE).
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2.9.3 WATER AND WASTEWATER
Total water requirement will be 428.35 KLD (Fresh water= 266.35 KLD + Reused= 162
KLD). The wastewater generations will 237.35 KL/Day (226.35 KLD Industrial + 11.0 KLD
Domestic).
11.0 KL/Day Domestic wastewater will be treated in STP and treated effluent will be
reused in gardening.
High COD & TDS stream: 170.0 KL/Day Wastewater from process will be sent to Solvent
Stripper then sent to In-house MEE. 151 KL/Day MEE condensate will be reused within
premises and MEE Salt will be send to TSDF site.
Low COD & TDS Stream from process (10 KL/Day) and Dilute Stream (46.35 KL/Day):
56.35 KL/Day Wastewater will be sent to ETP. Total 56.35 KLD will be treated in ETP and
then treated effluent will be sent to CETP for further treatment & disposal.
TABLE 2.5
WATER CONSUMPTION & WASTE WATER GENERATION
WATER CONSUMPTION
Sr.
No.
Category Water Consumption
(KL/Day)
Waste Water Generation
(KL/Day)
1 Domestic 15 11
2 Gardening 20 0
3 Industrial
Process 180 180
Washing 5 5
Boiler 100 5
Cooling 80 8
Scrubbing 28.35 28.35
Total Industrial 393.35 226.35
Grand Total 428.35 237.35
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FIG. 2.4 WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM:
High COD &
TDS Stream 170.0 KL/Day
ETP 170 KL/Day
Solvent Stripper
– 170 KL/Day
56.35 KL/Day for
further treatment &
final disposal CETP,
Saykha
Domestic 15
KL/Day
Industrial – 393.35
KL/ Day
Scrubbing
28.35
KL/Day
Washing
5.0 KL/Day
Boiler
100.0
KL/
Cooling
80.0 KL/Day Process
180.0 KL/Day
ETP 56.35 KL/Day
Gardening - 20
KL/Day
MEE Condensate:
151.0 KL/Day
Reuse in Industrial
Purpose
Reuse in
Gardening
8.0 KL/Day 5.0 KL/Day
5.0 KL/Day 28.35 KL/Day
180.0
KL/Day
Domestic wastewater
11.0 KL/ Day
Raw Water – 428.35 KL/ Day
(Fresh - 266.35 KL/Day + Reused - 162 KL/Day)
MEE System
168.0 KL/Day
STP System
11.0 KL/Day
MEE Salt
12.0 MT/ Day to
TSDF Site
Solvent
Residue: 2 MTD
to Common
Incineration
MEE Loss
5 KL/Day
Low COD
Stream 10.0 KL/Day
Dilute Stream
46.35 KL/Day
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2.9.4 SEGREGATION OF WASTE STREAMS, CHARACTERIZATION AND QUALITY WITH
SPECIFIC TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF EACH STREAM INCLUDING ACTION PLAN FOR
MAXIMUM RECYCLE OF TREATED WASTE WATER AND MINIMUM DISCHARGE FOR
EFFLUENT TO MAINTAIN QUALITY OF RECEIVING WATER BODY.
SEGREGATION OF WASTE STREAMS, CHARACTERIZATION AND QUALITY WITH SPECIFIC
TREATMENT:
EXPECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTEWATER BEFORE & AFTER TREATEMENT
Dilute Stream
Sr.
No.
Category of
Wastewater
Before
Treatment
After
Primary
Treatment
After
Secondary
Treatment
After
Tertiary
Treatment
CETP Inlet
Norms
(mg/L)
1 pH 2.5-5.5 4.65 5.95 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5
2 COD (mg/L) 5500 3700 1780 1500 3500
3 BOD3 (mg/L) 1800 1200 650 500 1200
4 TDS (mg/L) 8000 8000 8000 8000 10000
5 Ammonical
Nitrogen (mg/L)
40 40 35 35 250
High COD Stream
Sr.
No. Parameter Untreated
After Primary
Treatment
After Solvent
Stripper
MEE
condensate
1 pH 2.5-5.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5
2 COD (mg/L) 55000 53000 5000 50
3 BOD (mg/L) 8000 7000 600 30
4 TDS (mg/L) 85000 87600 87600 180
5 Ammonical Nitrogen
(mg/L)
60 60 60 60
M/S. STARLITE PAINTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT
EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-31
2.9.5 EXPLORE THE POSSIBILITIES FOR ZERO LIQUID DISCHARGE (ZLD) OPTION FOR THE
PROPOSED PROJECT.
11.0 KL/Day Domestic wastewater will be treated in STP and treated effluent will be
reused in gardening.
High COD & TDS stream: 170.0 KL/Day Wastewater from process will be sent to Solvent
Stripper then sent to In-house MEE. 151 KL/Day MEE condensate will be reused within
premises and MEE Salt will be send to TSDF site.
Low COD & TDS Stream from process (10 KL/Day) and Dilute Stream (46.35 KL/Day):
56.35 KL/Day Wastewater will be sent to ETP. Total 56.35 KLD will be treated in ETP and
then treated effluent will be sent to CETP for further treatment & disposal.
2.9.6 CAPACITY OF ETP IN KL/DAY. DETAILS OF ETP INCLUDING DIMENSIONS OF EACH
UNIT ALONG WITH SCHEMATIC FLOW DIAGRAM. INLET, TRANSITIONAL AND TREATED
EFFLUENT QUALITIES WITH SPECIFIC EFFICIENCY OF EACH TREATMENT UNIT IN
REDUCTION IN RESPECT OF ALL CONCERNED/REGULATED ENVIRONMENTAL
PARAMETERS. INLET EFFLUENT QUALITY SHOULD BE BASED ON WORST CASE SCENARIO
CONSIDERING PRODUCTION OF MOST POLLUTING PRODUCTS THAT CAN BE
MANUFACTURED IN THE PLANT CONCURRENTLY.
M/s. STARLITE PAINTS hall have an Effluent treatment plant consisting of primary&
secondary treatment units. The details of ETP are as follows.
First all non-toxic and biodegradable streams (low & medium COD) of wastewater shall be
collected in Collection cum Neutralization tank-01 (CNT-01) where the continuous addition
and stirring of Caustic solution is done to maintain neutral pH of wastewater from Caustic
Dosing Tank (CDT-01) as per requirement by gravity. Mixer is provided at bottom of the
CNT-01 to keep all suspended solids in suspension and for proper mixing.
Then after, neutralized wastewater shall be pumped to Flash Mixer (FM-01). Alum and
Polyelectrolyte shall be dosed from Alum Dosing Tank (ADT-01) and Polyelectrolyte Dosing
Tank (PEDT-01) respectively by gravity into FM-01 to carry out coagulation by using a Flash
Mixer.
Then after, coagulated wastewater shall be settled in Primary Settling Tank-01 (PST-01).
Clear supernatant from PST-01 shall be passed in Aeration Tank (AT-01). Here,
biodegradation of organic matter of the wastewater shall be carried out by bacteria
(suspended growth) in the AT-1 and for that oxygen shall be supplied by 2 nos. of air
blowers (B-01-A/B) through diffusers. Air blowers also keep MLSS in suspension. Here, the
suspended solids shall be settled, and excess activated sludge shall be sent to Filter Press
(FP-01). Activated sludge shall be removed from bottom of SST-1 and pumped to AT-1 to
maintain MLSS and remaining will be sent to SS-01. Nutrients will be added from NDT-01 to
M/S. STARLITE PAINTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT
EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-32
Aeration Tank for growth of Bacteria. Clear effluent is the collected in Treated Effluent Sump
(TES-01) before sent to CETP for further treatment &disposal.
Sludge settled in PST-01, PCL-01 and excess sludge from SST-01 shall be collected in Sludge
Sumps (SSs-01) then sludge pumped to Filter Press (FP-01) where, dewatering shall be
carried out before storage in HWSA and ultimate disposal to TSDF.
Treatment of high TDS effluent
All High TDS streams of wastewater shall be collected in Collection cum Equalization Tank
(CET-01). Pipe grid is provided at bottom of the CET-01 to keep all suspended solids in
suspension and to provide proper mixing. 2 nos. of Air Blowers B-02-A/B shall supply air
through to pipe grid. Then effluent shall be pumped to Neutralization Tank (NT-01) where
Lime shall be added from Lime Dosing tank. Then after, effluent shall have sent to Flash
Mixer-2 (FM-02) where Alum and poly shall be added from ADT and PDT-01 respectively.
Then after, coagulated wastewater shall be settled in Primary Clarifier (PCL-01).
Clear effluent from PCL-01 shall be collected in Holding Tank (HT-01) before pumped to
strippers (ST-01). Effluent from stripper collected in MEE Feed Tank (MFT-01). Then effluent
shall be sent to Multiple Effect Evaporator (MEE-01) for further treatment followed by
Agitated Thin Film Dryer (ATFD-01) for solids dewatering. Condensate from MEE & ATFD
shall collect in ME Condensate Tank (MECT-01) and pumped back to AT-01 for further
treatment. Solids from ATFD-01 shall be collected and stored in HWSA for disposal in TSDF.
SIZE OF TANKS
Sr.
No. Name of unit Size (m x m x m) No. MOC/ Remark
Stream-I (LOW COD) Flow 56.35 KLD
1 Collection cum Neutralization
Tank (CNT-01)
2.5 m x 2.5 m x (3.0 m+0.5 FB) 1 RCC M30+A/A
Bk. Lining
2 Flash Mixer -01(FM-01) 1.0 m x 1.0 m x(1.5 m +0.5 FB) 1 MSEP/RCC M30
3 Primary Settling Tank (PST-01) 3.0 m x 1.5 m (1.5 m + 0.5 FB) 1 MSEP/RCC M30
4 Aeration Tank (AT-01) 6.0 m x 3.0 m x(4.0 m+0.5 m) 1 RCC M30
5 Secondary Settling Tank(SST-01) 2.5 m x 1.5 m x(2.0 m + 0.5 FB) 1 MSEP
6 Treated Effluent Sump (TES-01) 3.0 m x 3.0 m x(3.0 m+0.5 FB) 1 RCC M30
7 Filter Press (FP-01) 8 M3/D 1 PP+MS
Stream-II(High COD) Flow 170 KLD
1 Collection cum Neutralization
Tank(CNT-01)
5.0 m x 2.5 m x(4.0 m+0.5 m) 1 RCC M30+A/A
Bk. Lining
2 Flash Mixer-2 (FM-02) 2.0 m x 2.0 m x(2.0 m +0.5 FB) 1 MSEP/RCC M30
3 Primary Clarifier -2 4.2 Dia x (3.0 SWD + 0.5) 1 RCC M30
4 Holding Tank 3.5 m x 3.5 m x(3.0 m+0.5 m) 1 RCC M30
5 Stripper 170 M3/D 1 SS316L
6 MEE Feed Tank 4.0 m x 4.0 m x(3.0 m+0.5 m) 1 RCC M30
7 Multi Effect Evaporator (MEE-
01) with Agitated Thin Film
Dryer (ATFD-01)
168 M3/D 1 SS316L
8 Condensate Storage Tank 3.0 m x 3.0 m x(2.5 m+0.5 m) 1 RCC M30
M/S. STARLITE PAINTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT
EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-33
RCC M25 = REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE (M 25 GRADE)
PCC = PLAIN CEMENT CONCRETE
MSEP = MILD STEEL EPOXY PAINTED
SS = STAINLESS STEEL
Fig. 2.5 Flow Diagram
M/S. STARLITE PAINTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT
EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-34
MEE SYSTEM
PROCESS DESCRIPTION:
Capacity: 100 KL/Day x 2 Nos
Industry has installed Multi Effect Evaporator for the treatment of industrial effluent (as
an additional facility) having capacity of 100 KL/Day x 2 Nos. The condensate water
generated from the MEE shall be used in process
Neutral effluent from Primary Treatment Plant is passed through 3 stages Evaporator System
and the evaporated water is collected in an Evaporated Water Collection Tank and then
recycled to plant after filtering through sand filter and carbon filter. The sludge from the
evaporators is filtered through Nutsch Filter whereby solid filtered sludge is obtained and
the filtrate is recycled back to process.
Multi stage evaporator (3 - stages) is a long tube forced circulation type evaporators where in
the first effect high pressure steam of 7.0 kg/cm2 is used to evaporate waste water. The
evaporated water in the form of steam at 2.0 kg/cm2g pressure is used for evaporating the
effluent in the second stage at atmospheric pressure. Evaporated water from the second
stage is used for evaporating waste water in the third stage under vacuum of 650- 720 mm
Hg. Finally evaporated water from the third stage is condensed in the steam condenser using
cooling water on other side. Condensate from all the three stages is collected in condensate
receiving tanks, which is pure water and hence reused in the process. Concentrated mass
from each effect is collected in the crystallizer where, on cooling inorganic salts are
precipitated along with organic contaminants. This mass is filtered in CF / Nutsch filter and
filtrate is recycled back to process.
Design of MEE:
No. of Effects : 3 (1 Falling Film + 2 Forced Circulation)
Waste Handling Capacity : 100 m3 / day
Feed Rate : 5000 kg / hour (20 working hours / day)
Feed Concentration : 10 % TDS
Feed Temperature : 35 o C
Product Rate : 1250 kg / hour
Product Concentration : 40 %
Product Temperature : 55 o C
Water Evaporation Rate : 3750 kg / hour
M/S. STARLITE PAINTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT
EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-35
Flow Diagram:
2.9.7 PLANS FOR MANAGEMENT, COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL OF WASTE STREAMS TO BE
GENERATED FROM SPILLAGE, LEAKAGES, VESSEL WASHING, USED CONTAINER WASHING
ETC. MEASURES PROPOSED FOR PREVENTING EFFLUENT DISCHARGE DURING UNFORESEEN
CIRCUMSTANCES.
- All major chemical handling is done through closed system.
- All reaction vessels are connected to scrubber system.
- Dykes will be provided for storage tanks.
- Smoke & fire detection system installed at ware house.
-Spillage of any chemical will be avoided to the maximum extent by closed circuit system i.e.
day tanks are provided with an overflow line having bigger diameter than that of inlet of the
pipe diameter. Standard operating procedures are available to handle spillage and leakage.
Neutralized effluent
from Primary ETP
Solvent Stripper
Column Steam Solvent Evaporation
- Condenser
High COD
Condensate
(Solvent)
Common
Incinerator
MEE Column-1 Steam Water Evaporation -
Condenser
Condensate
Reuse in
Process MEE Column-2 Steam Water Evaporation -
Condenser
MEE Column-3 Steam Water Evaporation -
Condenser
Feed to Evaporator
Steam Condensate
MEE Salt to TSDF Site
for Disposal Site
M/S. STARLITE PAINTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT
EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-36
2.9.8 UNDERTAKING STATING THAT A SEPARATE ELECTRIC METER WILL BE PROVIDED FOR
THE WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM VIZ. ETP, MEE, ETC.
M/S. STARLITE PAINTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT
EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-37
2.9.9 TREATED EFFLUENT DISCHARGE – MEMBERSHIP CERTIFICATE OF CETP, SAYKHA
M/S. STARLITE PAINTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT
EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-38
2.10 AIR POLLUTION AND CONTROL SYSTEM
2.10.1 PROCESS GAS EMISSION
TABLE 2.6 PROCESS GAS EMISSION
Sr.
No. Vent attached to
Stack Height
(Meter) Pollutants
Air pollution Control
System
1 Process vent
(Product No -6)
15 HCL Two Stage Water Scrubber
2 Process vent
(Product No 2)
15 NH3 Two Stage Water Scrubber
3 Process vent
(Product No 2)
15 HBr Two Stage Water Scrubber
4 Process vent
(Product No 7)
15 HCl & SO2 Two Stage Water +Alkali
Scrubber
2.10.2 DETAILS OF THE UTILITIES REQUIRED.
Various utilities required for proper functioning of manufacturing plants. These utilities
include steam boiler, cooling plant, cooling tower, Chilling tower, Air compressor, High
Vacuum System, etc.
2.10.3 TYPE AND QUANTITY (MT/HR & MT/DAY) OF FUEL TO BE USED FOR EACH UTILITY.
Power Requirement
Power requirement: 2000 KVA from DGVCL
DG Set = 500*2 Nos. KVA from D.G. set (Emergency power back up)
Fuel Requirement:
Sr. No. Name Of Fuel Quantity
1. Imported Coal 64 MT/Day
2. Diesel 800 Liters/Day
2.10.4 FLUE GAS EMISSION RATE EMISSION FROM EACH UTILITY
TABLE 2.7 FLUE GAS EMISSION DETAILS
No SOURCE OF
EMISSION
STACK
HEIGHT Fuel PARAMETERS
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
SYSTEM
1 Boiler - (10
TPH)
30
Meter
Imported
Coal- 32
MT/Day
Pollutants
SPM=≤ 150
Mg/Nm3
SOX=≤ 262
Mg/Nm3
NOX=≤ 94
Mg/Nm3
ESP + Water Scrubber
2
Thermic Fluid
Heater (10 Lac
Kcal/Hr)
36
Meter
Imported
Coal- 32
MT/Day
ESP + Water Scrubber
3
D G Set
(500 KVA *2
NOS.)
18
Meter
Diesel -800
Liters/Day Adequate stack height
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EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-39
2.10.5 LIST THE PROJECT SPECIFIC SOURCES OF FUGITIVE EMISSION ALONG WITH ITS
QUANTIFICATION AND PROPOSED MEASURES TO CONTROL IT.
The emissions are normally defined as emissions to the atmosphere resulting from leaking
piping sources and equipments such as valves, flanges, pump seals, connections, and
compressor seals open end lines and pressure relief valves. The emissions are not visually
observed but can be measured in relatively low concentration at each area of source.
Fugitive emissions will be expected to be generated during construction and operation
stages of the proposed project. During construction stage, main source of fugitive emission
will be dust, which is expected mainly due to movement of vehicles carrying construction
material and vehicles used for construction. During operation stage, leakage through valves,
pumps, emission from open drum containing chemicals, open feeding; storage tanks, etc.
will be the major sources of fugitive emissions of organic chemicals and VOCs. Adequate
dust collector will be installed for control of fugitive emission during loading of raw material
and product. Condensers will be provided to trap VOC. All the Flange joints of the pipe lines
which carry solvents will be covered with flange guards. All the rotating equipments like
pumps will be installed with Mechanical Seals to arrest any sort of emissions. VOC detectors
will be installed at various places to identify any fugitive emissions. Proper gland packing will
be always maintained for pumps and valves and to the extent possible pumps will be with
mechanical seal. A regular preventive maintenance schedule is in place to replace or rectify
all gaskets and joints etc as a part of ISO systems to ensure no fugitive emissions takes
place.
Following measures will be adopted to prevent and control fugitive emissions:
1. Airborne dust at all transfers operations/ points will be controlled either by spraying
water or providing enclosures.
2. Adequate ventilation will be provided.
3. Regular maintenance of valves, pumps, flanges, joints and other equipment will be
done to prevent leakages and thus minimizing the fugitive emissions of VOCs.
4. Entire process will be carried out in the closed reactors with proper maintenance of
pressure and temperature.
5. Periodic monitoring of work area will be carried out to check the fugitive emission.
6. To eliminate chances of leakages from glands of pumps, mechanical seal will be
provided at all solvent pumps.
7. Stand by pumps will be provided on all scrubbers. Besides, scrubbers will be
equipped with on-line pH meter with hooter system for better operational control.
8. Close feeding system will be provided for centrifuges. Centrifuge and filtrate tank
vents will be connected to vent chillers.
9. Minimum number of flanges, joints and valves in pipelines.
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EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-40
10. Regular inspection of floating roof seals and proper preventive maintenance of roofs
and seals for tanks.
11. Fugitive emission over reactors, formulation areas, centrifuges, chemical loading,
transfer area will be collected through hoods and ducts by induced draft and
controlled by scrubber/ dust collector.
12. Dedicated scrubber will be provided are used for fugitive emissions to control.
13. For dust emissions bag filter will be provided.
14. Enclosures to chemical storage area, collection of emission from loading of raw
materials in particular solvents through hoods and ducts by induced draft, and
control by scrubber / dust collector to be ensured.
2.10.6 PROVISION OF CEMS (CONTINUOUS EMISSION MONITORING SYSTEM).
We will be install on line monitoring system i.e. TOC & TN analyzer, pH meter & flow meter
for wastewater discharge.
2.11 HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT
2.11.1 MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR HAZARDOUS/SOLID WASTE INCLUDING STORAGE,
HANDLING, UTILIZATION AND SAFE DISPOSAL AS PER THE HAZARDOUS AND OTHER
WASTES (MANAGEMENT AND TRANSBOUNDARY MOVEMENT) RULES 2016. CPCB
GUIDELINES IN RESPECT OF SPECIFIC TREATMENT, SUCH AS SOLAR EVAPORATION,
INCINERATION, ETC., NEED TO BE FOLLOWED.
TABLE 2.8
DETAILS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE AND ITS DISPOSAL
No. Name of waste Source of
Generation
Category
No.
Proposed
Quantity
(MT/Annum)
Mode of Disposal
1 Discarded
Containers/Bags/L
iners
Storage &
handling of
Raw
Materials
Sch-I/
33.1
120.0 Collection, Storage,
Transportation,
Decontamination &
Disposal by selling to
registered recycler.
2 Used/Spent oil Equipment &
Machineries
Sch-I/
5.1
15 KL Collection, Storage,
Transportation and
reused for Machine
Lubrication / Given to
GPCB registered
reprocessor
3 Used Filters/ Filter
Cloths &
Materials
Process -- 0.5 Collection, Storage,
Transportation and send
to Common Incineration
Facility
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EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-41
4 Used Hy-Flow
Material
Process -- 0.5 Collection, Storage,
Transportation and send
to Common Incineration
Facility
5 Spent Solvent Process Sch-I/
28.6
88250 Collection, Storage,
Transportation and Sold
to solvent distillation unit
under Rule-9 or distilled
within premises and
reuse within premises.
6 Distillation
Residue
Solvent
Distillation
Sch-I/
20.3
1765 Collection, Storage,
Transportation and sell to
co-processing or send to
Common Incineration
Facility
7 Stripper Solvent
Residue
Solvent
Stripper
Sch-I/
28.1
660
8 MEE Salt MEE Sch-I/
35.3
1870 Collection, Storage,
Transportation and
dispose to Landfill at
TSDF
9 ETP Sludge In-house ETP Sch-I/
35.3
620 Collection, Storage,
Transportation and
dispose to Landfill at
TSDF
10 Organic Impurities Process
(Product No
7)
Sch-I/
29.1
11340 Collection, Storage,
Transportation and sell to
co-processing or send to
Common Incineration
Facility
11 Expired Pesticides -- Sch-I/
29.3
What So
Ever
Generates
Collection, Storage,
Transportation and send
to Common Incineration
Facility
12 Spent Catalyst Process
(Product No.
8)
Sch-I/
29.5
999 Collection, Storage,
Transportation and send
to regenerator.
13 Sodium Chloride Process
(Product No.
3)
Sch-I/
29.1
6800 Collection, Storage,
Transportation and
dispose to Landfill at
TSDF
14 NaBr solution Process
(Product No.
2)
Sch-I/
29.1
14094 Collection, Storage,
Transportation &
Disposal by selling to
authorized end user
registered under Rule-9.
15 Aq. MnO2 Process
(Product No.
3)
Sch-I/
29.1
4752
16 Hydrobromic Acid Process Sch-I/ 1080
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EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-42
(40%) (Product No.
5) +
Scrubber
29.1
17 N-propyl bromide Process
(Product No
5)
Sch-I/
29.1
697
18 HCl (30%) Process
(Product No
6) +
Scrubber
Sch-II-
Class
B(15)
8127
19 Methyl Acetate Process
(Product No
1)
Sch-I/
29.1
8380
20 KCl Process
(Product No
6)
Sch-I/
29.1
2375
21 NaHSO3 Solution Scrubber Sch-I/
29.1
2500
22 Liq. Ammonia Scrubber Sch-I/
Sch-I/
29.1
300
23 Ash from Boiler -- -- 300 Collection, Storage,
Transportation to brick
manufacturer.
2.11.2 METHODOLOGY OF DE-CONTAMINATION AND DISPOSAL OF DISCARDED
CONTAINERS AND ITS RECORD KEEPING.
Decontamination & Disposal of Discarded Containers: The proper disposal of empty
chemical containers is more important for hazardous chemicals as it can contain residual
amounts of chemicals. There can be no more than 1 inch of material left in the container not
more than 3% by weight of the containers capacity. In an effort to ensure that this residue is
handled properly and to be able to recycle or properly dispose of these containers, the
following procedure is to be followed. The below guidelines are useful for non hazardous
chemicals also.
Rinse Procedure: An empty chemical container that contains hazardous chemicals (liquid or
solid), must be rinsed 3 times with water (or appropriate rinsing agent) before being
discarded. The first rinse is collected as chemical waste, it can be put into any waste
container of compatible chemicals, the second & third rinses then go down to drain. If the
chemical is on the list of acutely hazardous waste, then all three rinses are collected. For
solvents or other volatile liquids like benzene, toluene, xylene etc. (not in the list of acutely
hazardous waste) are not rinsed with water. They are placed into an operating fume hood
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EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-43
overnight without the cap to allow the vapors to disperse. After the containers are rinsed,
they are discarded appropriately as described below. All caps are let off of the discarded
containers. Containers are labeled with “Empty” labels and the chemical name is crossed or
blacked out prior to being discarded. Caps are discarded to regular trash.
Reuse /Recycle/ Disposal of cleaned containers:
• All chemicals must follow the above rinse except the volatile Solvents & before being
discarded in any form.
• Metal containers or any plastic containers, plastic tubing or plastic beakers that do not
meet the recycling criteria can be discarded into regular trash.
• Glass containers, glass tubing that do not meet the recycling criteria are to be placed into
trash can for disposal.
• Plastic & glass containers that meet the recycling criteria must be placed in appropriate
recycling containers.
• Empty compressed gas cylinders are returned to vendor.
2.11.3 MANAGEMENT OF BY-PRODUCTS WHICH FALL UNDER THE PURVIEW OF THE
HAZARDOUS AND OTHER WASTES (MANAGEMENT AND TRANSBOUNDARY MOVEMENT)
RULES 2016 AS PER THE SAID RULES AND NECESSARY PERMISSIONS FROM THE CONCERN
AUTHORITY.
Discarded Containers/Bags/Liners will be sell to registered recycler.
Used/Spent oil will be reused for Machine Lubrication / Given to GPCB registered
reprocessors.
Spent Solvent, NaBr solution, Aq. MnO2, Hydro bromic Acid (40%), N-propyl bromide, HCl
(30%), Methyl Acetate, KCl, NAHSO3 Solution, and Liq. Ammonia generated will be sold to
Authorised end user under Rule-9 permission.
Used Filters/Filter Cloths & Materials, Used Hy-Flow Material, MEE Salt, ETP Sludge, Sodium
Chloride will be collected, Stored, Transported and dispose to Landfill at TSDF.
Distillation Residue, Solvent Residue, Organic Impurities, Expired Pesticides will be
Collected, Stored, Transported and send to Common Incineration Facility.
Spent Catalyst will be Collected, Stored, Transported and send to regenerator.
Ash from Boiler will be used for Filling Low Lying Area.
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2.11.4 MEMBERSHIP OF COMMON ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE LIKE TSDF,
COMMON INCINERATION FACILITY (CHWIF), ETC.
Membership Letter for TSDF Disposal at BEIL Infrastructure Ltd.
M/S. STARLITE PAINTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT
EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-45
Membership Letter for Incineration Disposal at BEIL Infrastructure Ltd.
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EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/S. AQUA AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD 2-46
2.12 NOISE LEVEL AND CONTROL SYSTEM
Extensive oiling and lubrication and preventive maintenance shall be carried out to reduce
noise generation at source to the permissible limit. Acoustic enclosures provided for DG set.
The Noise level is within the prescribed limit. At noisy area, adequate preventive & control
measures are taken. No significant noise, vibration or emission of light & heat from the unit.
2.13 SUMMARY
M/S. Starlite Paints proposed pesticide specific intermediates (450 Mt/Month)
Manufacturing Plant at Plot No. DP-46, Saykha Industrial Estate, Tal: Vagra, dist.:
Bharuch, Gujarat. Proposed project falls in category A - 5(b) as company is located inside of
Notified Industrial Area of GIDC - Saykha that’s why we applied for Environmental Clearance
at MoEF & CC, New Delhi. Site being located in GIDC, there will be easy availability of fuel,
CETP, TSDF, man-power and easy availability of raw materials. Unit is having Total
10,800.675 sq. meter land area at site; out of this area about 3565 sq. meter (33 %) area is
covered as greenbelt and other forms of greenery. 2000 KVA Power from DGVCL. DG Set of
500*2 KVA for power back up. Source of water will be met through Saykha GIDC Water
Supply. Total water requirement will be 428.35 KL/day. Total employment will be approx.
100 direct to local skilled and unskilled people based on qualification and requirement and
preference will be given to local person for fulfilment of the manpower requirement. Solid/
hazardous wastes will be disposed as per Hazardous and Other Waste (Management and
Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016.
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CHAPTER – 3
BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS
3.1 INTRODUCTION
The baseline status of environmental quality in the vicinity of project site serves as the basis
for identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts. The baseline environmental quality
is assessed through field studies within the impact zone for various components of the
environment, viz. air, noise, water, and land and socio-economic. The baseline
environmental quality has been assessed in the Post Monsoon season of October 2020 to
December 2020 in a study area of 10 km radial distance from the project site.
The environmental setting is considered to establish the baseline conditions which are
described with respect to following:
Land environment
Land Use Pattern
Water Environment
Air Environment
Meteorology
Noise Environment
Ecology
Topography
Demography and Socio-economic Environment
3.2 METHODOLOGY
Following the guidelines of MoEFCC, the baseline environmental study was conducted. The
details of the study period, frequency of sampling & method of environmental sampling &
analysis are shown below in succeeding paragraphs under respective titles.
3.2.1 STUDY PERIOD & FREQUENCY OF SAMPLING
The period of study determined was October 2020 to December 2020. The frequency of
various environmental sampling & analysis was determined following the guidelines
provided by MoEF in online EIA Manual. The details of frequency of environmental sampling
considered for the study are illustrated in Table – 3.1.
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TABLE 3.1
FREQUENCY OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
Attributes Sampling
Locations Frequency
A. Air Environment
Meteorological Project Site 1 hourly continuous for
Study Period
Ambient Air Quality 11 locations in the study area
(10 km radius from project site)
24 hourly twice a week
during study period
B. Noise Various Locations within the study
area
(10 Km radius from project site)
Once during Study Period
C. Water
Ground Water Grab samples from 11 Locations from
Study Area
(10 km radius from project site)
Once during Study Period
Surface Water
Grab samples from 2 Locations
(10 km radius from project site)
Once during Study Period
D. Soil Quality Soil samples from 11 locations within
study area
Once during Study Period
E. Land Use & Land Cover Study area (10 km from Project Site) Once during Study Period
F. Ecological Data Study area (10 km from Project Site) Once during Study Period
G. Socioeconomic Data Study area (10 km from Project Site) Once during Study Period
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3.2.2 METHOD OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING & ANALYSIS
The method adopted for environmental sampling & analysis is illustrated in following
Table - 3.2
TABLE 3.2
METHOD OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING & ANALYSIS
Attributes Method
Sampling / Preservation Analysis
A. Air Environment
1) Micro meteorological
data
2) Ambient Air Quality
Mechanical/automatic
1) Spectrum weather station &
IMD
2) 2.5 Micron dust samplers &
RSPM samplers having the facility
to collect the gaseous samples
-----
IS 5182 & CPCB
B. Noise Instrument: Noise level meter --
C. Water & Waste
Water
1) Ground Water
2) Surface Water
Standard Methods for
Examination of Water and
Wastewater Analysis, published
by APHA 23rd edition, 2016
Standard Methods for
Examination of Water and
Wastewater Analysis, published
by APHA 23rd edition, 2016
Soil Quality Laboratory Guide for Conducting
Soil Test & Plant Analysis, by J.
Benton Jones, Jr.
Laboratory Guide for Conducting
Soil Test & Plant Analysis, by J.
Benton Jones,
Land Use & Land Cover As Secondary data-analysis by
Akshar Enviromatics, Vadodara
As Secondary data-analysis by
Akshar Enviromatics, Vadodara
F. Geology & Geo-
Hydrology
Secondary data from Akshar
Enviromatics, Vadodara
Secondary data from Akshar
Enviromatics, Vadodara
G. Ecological Data Secondary data from Akshar
Enviromatics, Vadodara
Secondary data from Akshar
Enviromatics, Vadodara
H. Socioeconomic Data Secondary data from Akshar
Enviromatics, Vadodara
Secondary data from Akshar
Enviromatics, Vadodara
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3.2.3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS
The baseline environmental study was carried out for Ambient Air, Water, Land, Noise,
Biological & Socioeconomic environment. The study period was October 2020 to December
2020. The environmental samples were collected from the selected location of the study
area. The scenario of environmental condition of the area revealed from the sample & data
analysis is described below in subsequent paragraphs.
3.3 MICROMETEOROLOGY
The climate of Gujarat is varied, as it is moist in the southern districts and dry in the
northern region. The Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Cambay in the west and the forest-
covered hills in the east soften the rigors of climatic extremes, consequently reducing the
temperature and render the climate more pleasant and healthy. Bharuch lies along the
southern part of the state and experiences a climate with aridity index of 15 to 20 per cent
indicating adequate moisture availability in the soils for most part of the year. The annual
meteorological data (Temperature, Relative Humidity, Rainfall and Wind speed) for the year
2020 was collected from own weather station.
3.3.1 TEMPERATURE DETAILS
Minimum, Maximum and Average Temperatures for Bharuch Station of the year 2020 are
given in Table 3.3.
TABLE 3.3
TEMPERATURE DATA
Month
(2020)
Minimum
Temperature
(0C)
Maximum
Temperature
(0C)
Average
Temperature
(0C)
January 13 32 22
February 14 36 25
March 18 37 27
April 24 41 32
May 28 40 32
June 25 35 30
July 20 33 29
August 25 33 28
September 25 35 29
October 22 36 30
November 19 36 27
December 13 34 24
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3.3.2 RELATIVE HUMIDITY (RH)
Minimum, Maximum and Average Monthly Relative Humidity for Bharuch Station of the
year 2020 is given in Table 3.4.
TABLE 3.4
RELATIVE HUMIDITY DATA
Month (2020) Minimum R.H.% Maximum R.H.% Average R.H.%
January 21 58 44
February 15 64 53
March 18 60 49
April 19 67 58
May 18 66 57
June 50 91 80
July 62 98 86
August 67 99 92
September 58 98 85
October 27 78 62
November 21 69 57
December 25 58 46
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3.3.3 RAINFALL
Rainfall data for Bharuch Station of the year 2020 is presented in Table 3.5.
TABLE 3.5
RAINFALL DATA
Month
(2020)
Monthly Total
(mm) Numbers of Rainy Days
January 00 00
February 00 00
March 0.65 04
April 00 00
May 0.2 01
June 32.38 23
July 68.95 29
August 169.13 31
September 52.95 27
October 18.53 10
November 00 00
December 2.9 01
Total 345.69 126
Total rainfall, during the monsoon period, has been recorded as 345.69 mm.
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3.3.4 WIND SPEED
Wind speed for Bharuch Station of the year 2020 is given in Table 3.6.
TABLE 3.6
WIND SPEED DATA
Sr. No. Month (2020) Average Wind speed (KMPH)
1. January 11.8
2. February 12.7
3. March 14
4. April 14.8
5. May 17.6
6. June 21.8
7. July 20.6
8. August 20.4
9. September 10.3
10. October 8.7
11. November 10.4
12. December 10.5
Average 14.47
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3.3.5 TEMPERATURE, RELATIVE HUMIDITY & WIND SPEED
The site-specific data were collected for October 2020 to December, 2020. Data are
tabulated in Table 3.7.
TABLE - 3.7
SITE SPECIFIC METEOROLOGICAL DATA (PERIOD: OCTOBER 2020 TO DECEMBER, 2020)
METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETER MONTH
OCTOBER,
2020
NOVEMBER,
2020
DECEMBER,
2020
Temperature (0C)
Min.
Max.
Avg.
22
36
30
19
36
27
13
34
24
Relative Humidity (%)
Min.
Max.
Avg.
27
78
62
21
69
57
25
58
46
Wind Speed (km/h)
Min.
Max.
Avg.
00
19
7
00
18
10
00
20
11
There was no rainfall during the study period.
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3.3.6 WIND ROSE
Wind rose is a graphical representation of the magnitude and direction of wind speed
considering all the directions. With the help of wind rose diagram one can easily predict the
direction and extent of spreading of the gaseous and particulate matter from the source.
Wind rose diagrams & stability class distribution are prepared for the study area and
presented in Figures - 3.1 & 3.2 respectively.
FIGURES - 3.1
WIND ROSE DIAGRAM
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FIGURE-3.2
STABILITY CLASS DISTRIBUTION
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3.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT
The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out in accordance with National Ambient Air
Quality Standards (NAAQS) of CPCB. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) was carried
out at eleven locations during the study period.
The air quality status in the impact zone is assessed through a network of ambient air
quality monitoring locations. The tropical climatic conditions mainly control the transport
and dispersion of air pollutant emissions during various seasons.
The conventional and project specific parameters such as Suspended Particulate Matter,
Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM-PM10), Respirable Suspended
Particulate Matter (RSPM- PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx),
Ammonia (NH3), Ozone (O3), Lead (Pb), Arsenic (As), Nickel (Ni), Benzene (C6H6), Hydro
Carbon (HC), HCl, HBr & Carbon Monoxide (CO) were monitored at site.
The values for mentioned concentrations of various pollutants at all the monitoring
locations were processed for different statistical parameters like arithmetic mean, minimum
concentration, and maximum concentration and percentile values. The baselines levels of
Suspended Particulate Matter, Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM-PM10),
Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM-PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of
Nitrogen (NOx), Ammonia (NH3), Ozone (O3), Lead (Pb), Arsenic (As), Nickel (Ni), Benzene
(C6H6), Hydro Carbon (HC), HCl, HBr & Carbon Monoxide (CO) are expressed in terms of
various statistical parameters.
To establish the baseline status around the project site of the study region monitoring was
conducted at 11 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) Stations in and around the study
region during October 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020.
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FIGURE - 3.3
LOCATIONS OF THE AMBIENT AIR, NOISE, WATER AND SOIL
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TABLE - 3.8
LOCATIONS OF THE AMBIENT AIR, NOISE, WATER AND SOIL
SR.
NO. NAME OF VILLAGE
BEARING
W.R.T.
PROJECT
SITE
APPROXIMAT
E RADIAL
DISTANCE
FROM
PROJECT
SITE (KM)
AMBIENT
AIR
NOIS
E WATER SOIL
TYPE OF
AREA
1. Project site -- -- A1 N1 GW1 S1 Industrial
2. Vorasamni E 6.17 A2 N2 GW2 S2 Residential
3. Vilayat SE 7.40 A3 N3 GW3 S3 Residential
4. Bhersam SE 4.43 A4 N4 GW4 S4 Residential
5. Cholad SE 6.33 A5 N5 GW5 S5 Residential
6. Saladara NE 8.44 A6 N6 GW6 S6 Residential
7. Saykha SW 1.34 A7 N7 GW7 S7 Residential
8. Saran NE 2.75 A8 N8 GW8 S8 Residential
9. Vahiyal NW 3.89 A9 N9 GW9 S9 Residential
10. Kothia SW 4.50 A10 N10 GW10 S10 Residential
11. Khojbal SW 9.40 A11 N11 GW11 S11 Residential
12. Khojbal Pond SW 9.40 -- -- SW1 -- Residential
13. Cholad Pond SE 6.22 -- -- SW2 -- Residential
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TABLE - 3.9
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS (OCTOBER, 2020 TO DECEMBER, 2020)
SR.
NO.
SAMPLING
LOCATION
SAMPLING
DURATION
SPM PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx NH3 O3 Pb
g/m3
1. Project site (A1) 24 hours 129.9 72.85 43.61 11.63 13.52 BDL 11.89 BDL
2. Vorasamni (A2) 24 hours 127.6 73.06 42.78 10.93 11.49 BDL 12.01 BDL
3. Vilayat (A3) 24 hours 138.3 75.82 45.63 13.21 15.47 BDL 12.91 BDL
4. Bhersam (A4) 24 hours 135.4 74.15 44.22 12.15 13.63 BDL 12.17 BDL
5. Cholad (A5) 24 hours 129.8 72.06 42.56 11.63 12.91 BDL 10.68 BDL
6. Saladara (A6) 24 hours 127.1 71.58 42.29 9.13 10.25 BDL 12.61 BDL
7. Saykha (A7) 24 hours 137.4 78.63 47.41 14.38 16.96 BDL 13.45 BDL
8. Saran (A8) 24 hours 128.4 72.75 42.81 10.58 11.31 BDL 10.45 BDL
9. Vahiyal (A9) 24 hours 126.2 71.92 42.15 10.93 12.27 BDL 10.75 BDL
10. Kothia (A10) 24 hours 133.8 73.98 44.42 12.55 13.43 BDL 11.59 BDL
11. Khojbal (A11) 24 hours 131.5 71.88 42.74 11.92 12.34 BDL 11.08 BDL
NAAQS 500 100 60 80 80 400 180 --
SR.
NO.
SAMPLING
LOCATION
As Ni C6H6 CO HC VOC HCl HBr
ng/m3 ng/m3 g/m3 mg/m3 ppm ppm g/m3
1. Project site (A1) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.5 BDL BDL
2. Vorasamni (A2) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.4 BDL BDL
3. Vilayat (A3) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.5 BDL BDL
4. Bhersam (A4) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.4 BDL BDL
5. Cholad (A5) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.3 BDL BDL
6. Saladara (A6) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.6 BDL BDL
7. Saykha (A7) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.5 BDL BDL
8. Saran (A8) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.6 BDL BDL
9. Vahiyal (A9) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.6 BDL BDL
10. Kothia (A10) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.4 BDL BDL
11. Khojbal (A11) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.5 BDL BDL
NAAQS 6 20 5 4 -- -- 200 --
Note: BDL = Below Detectable Limit
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The Minimum Detectable Limits for various parameters are as below:
Parameters Value
Lead (as Pb) 0.5 g/m3
Nickel (as Ni) 10 ng/m3
Benzene (as C6H6) 2 g/m3
Arsenic (as As) 2 ng/m3
Benzo (α) Pyrene (BaP) 0.5 ng/m3
Hydrocarbon (HC) 1 ppm
Carbon Monoxide (CO) 1.14 mg/m3
Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) 1.0 µg/Nm3
Hydrogen Bromide (HBr) 5.0 µg/m3
Ammonia (NH3) 1 µg/m3
VOC (Aeroqual Series 300 (Sensor VOC 0 - 25ppm) 0.1 ppm
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TABLE 3.9 (A) (CONTD.)
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS- MINIMUM, MAXIMUM, 98TH PERCENTILE VALUE &
AVERAGE (24 HRS.) (OCTOBER, 2020 TO DECEMBER, 2020) Unit: g/m3
SR.
NO. SAMPLING LOCATION PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx
1 Project-Site (A1)
Arithmetic Mean 72.87 43.62 11.62 13.54
Min – Max 66-76 39-47 7-15 9-17
98th Percentile 75.54 46.54 14.54 16.08
2 Vorasamni (A2)
Arithmetic Mean 73.08 42.79 10.91 11.45
Min – Max 67-76 39-46 7-15 8-16
98th Percentile 75.54 46 14.54 15.08
3 Vilayat (A3)
Arithmetic Mean 75.83 45.62 13.20 15.45
Min – Max 69-79 41-49 9-17 11-19
98th Percentile 78.54 48.54 16.54 18.54
4 Bhersam (A4)
Arithmetic Mean 74.16 44.20 12.16 13.62
Min – Max 69-79 40-49 8-15 8-18
98th Percentile 78.54 48.54 14.54 17.54
5 Cholad (A5)
Arithmetic Mean 72.04 42.58 11.62 12.91
Min – Max 68-76 39-46 7-15 9-16
98th Percentile 75.54 45.54 14.54 15.08
6 Saladara (A6)
Arithmetic Mean 71.58 42.29 9.12 10.25
Min – Max 68-76 39-46 5-15 7-14
98th Percentile 75.54 45.54 14.54 13.54
7 Saykha (A7)
Arithmetic Mean 78.66 47.41 14.37 17
Min – Max 74-82 43-51 12-18 13-20
98th Percentile 81.54 50.54 17.54 19.54
8 Saran (A8)
Arithmetic Mean 72.70 41.95 10.58 11.33
Min – Max 66-76 37-46 5-15 8-16
98th Percentile 75.54 46 14.54 15.08
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9 Vahiyal (A9)
Arithmetic Mean 71.95 42.16 10.91 12.37
Min – Max 68-76 38-46 6-15 8-16
98th Percentile 75.54 45.54 14.54 15.54
10 Kothia (A10)
Arithmetic Mean 73.95 44.45 12.54 13.41
Min – Max 67-77 40-49 9-15 8-18
98th Percentile 76.54 48.54 14.54 17.54
11 Khojbal (A11)
Arithmetic Mean 71.87 42.75 11.91 12.33
Min – Max 68-76 39-46 7-15 8-16
98th Percentile 75.54 45.54 14.54 15.54
Limit 100 60 80 80
3.4.1 AIR SUMMARY
During the study SPM concentration was observed in the range of 126.2 – 138.3 µg/m3.
Maximum concentration of SPM was found at Vilayat (138.3 µg/m3), which is well within
the standard limit.
During the study PM10.0 concentration was observed in the range of 71.6 – 78.6 µg/m3.
Maximum concentration of PM10.0 was found at Sayakha (76.7 µg/m3), which is well
within the standard limit.
During the study PM2.5 concentration was observed in the range of 42.2 – 47.4 µg/m3.
Maximum concentration of PM2.5 was found at Sayakha (47 µg/m3), which is well within
the standard limit.
During the study SO2 concentration was observed in the range of 9.1 – 14.4 µg/m3.
Maximum concentration of SO2 was found at Sayakha (13.5 µg/m3), which is well within
the standard limit.
During the study NOx concentration was observed in the range of 10.3 – 17 µg/m3.
Maximum concentration of NOx was found at Sayakha (15.5 µg/m3), which is well within
the standard limit.
The statistical interpretation of observed ambient air quality concentrations is presented in
Table-3.9. They represent the cross-sectional distribution of the baseline air quality status of
the study region.
Sr.
No.
Criteria
Pollutants
Unit Maximum
Value
Minimum
Value
98 Percentile
Value
Prescribed
Standard
1. PM10 g/m3 78.6 71.6 78 100
2. PM2.5 g/m3 47.4 42.2 47 60
3. SO2 g/m3 14.4 9.1 14 80
4. NOx g/m3 17.0 10.3 17 80
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3.4.2 INTERPRETATION
The PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations at all the AAQM locations were primarily caused by local
phenomena including industrial & vehicular activities and natural dust getting air borne due
to manmade activities and blowing wind. PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were observed
below stipulated standards of CPCB for Industrial, Residential, Rural and Other Area at all air
quality-monitoring locations during the monitoring period. Results of all other parameters
are found below detectable limit. The interpretation relates to the results found for
particular locations and date of monitoring.
3.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
The objective of the noise level survey around the project site was to identify existing noise
sources and to measure background noise levels. Major noise sources in the study area are
industries, commercial, and vehicular movements. Major human settlement in the study
area is Vagra, which is about 5.41 km away from project site. The noise monitoring locations
are given in Table - 3.8 and shown in Figure - 3.2 while the results of noise monitoring are
given in Table - 3.10.
3.5.1 METHODOLOGY FOR NOISE MONITORING
The noise monitoring was carried out at 10 locations in day time during (6 am to 10 pm) and
at night time (10 pm to 6 am) in the study area covering all the areas i.e. industrial,
commercial, residential and silence zones as mentioned in Noise (Pollution and Control)
Rules, 2000. CPCB Recommendations for community noise exposure are attached as
Annexure – 2. Hourly Equivalent noise levels Leq (day) and Leq (night) were measured at
each monitoring locations. One day monitoring on October 6, 2020 during day and
nighttime was carried out at all the locations.
INDIAN STANDARDS FOR NOISE LEVEL
Sr.
No. Locations
Noise Level
in Day Time
dB(A)
Noise Level in
Night Time
dB(A)
1 Industrial Area 75 65
2 Commercial Area 65 55
3 Residential Area 55 45
4 Silence Zone i.e. Hospital, Educational institute etc. 50 45
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TABLE - 3.10
BACKGROUND NOISE LEVELS
SR.
NO. LOCATION
NOISE LEVEL IN DB(A) CPCB LIMIT
DB(A)
DAY TIME NIGHT TIME DAY
TIME
NIGHT
TIME
MIN. MAX. MIN. MAX. MAX. MAX.
A) RESIDENTIAL AREA
1. Vorasamni (N1) 52 53.9 42.3 43.9 <55 <45
2. Vilayat (N2) 51.3 52.6 41.7 45.3 <55 <45
3. Bhersam (N3) 50.8 52.8 42.3 44 <55 <45
4. Cholad (N4) 49.4 51.3 39.9 40.5 <55 <45
5. Saladara (N5) 52.3 53.7 42.3 43.6 <55 <45
6. Saykha (N6) 52.5 53.7 40.6 44.2 <55 <45
7. Saran (N7) 50.4 53.8 40.1 42.5 <55 <45
8. Vahiyal (N8) 48.3 50.5 41.1 43.8 <55 <45
9. Kothia (N9) 49.5 52.4 38.7 40.5 <55 <45
10. Khojbal (N10) 48.3 51.5 38.9 40.4 <55 <45
B) COMMERCIAL AREA (TRANSPORTATION)
1 Nr. Bhersam Bypass 58.0 61.2 52.4 53.7 <65 <55
2. Nr. Saykha Bypass 58.6 61.5 50.9 53.2 <65 <55
3. Nr. Saran Bypass 62.5 63.2 52.2 54.5 <65 <55
4. Nr. Sutrel Bypass 63.3 64.5 52.1 52.3 <65 <55
5. Nr. Kothia Bypass 57.4 59.8 49.7 52.3 <65 <55
C) INDUSTRIAL AREA
1. M/S. Maldeep Catalysts Pvt. Ltd 65.8 67.5 63.1 64.3 ≤75 ≤70
2. M/S. Mahavir Synthesis Pvt. Ltd. 65.3 67.3 63.2 65.4 ≤75 ≤70
3. M/S. Mohan Poly Fab Pvt. Ltd. 66.5 67.9 64.1 66.2 ≤75 ≤70
4. M/S. Archrom Organics Llp 66.3 67.3 64.6 65.0 ≤75 ≤70
5. M/S. Gharda Chemicals Ltd. 65.6 66.3 62.2 63.8 ≤75 ≤70
6. Nr.M/S. Dharmaj Cropguard
Ltd.
66.4 68.3 65.5 67.4 ≤75 ≤70
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3.5.2 NOISE SUMMARY
INDUSTRIAL
SR.
NO. PARAMETER UNIT
MAXIMUM
VALUE
MINIMUM
VALUE
PRESCRIBED
STANDARD
1. Leq (Day) dB (A) 68.3 65.3 75
2. Leq (Night) dB (A) 67.4 62.2 70
RESIDENTIAL
SR.
NO. PARAMETER UNIT
MAXIMUM
VALUE
MINIMUM
VALUE
PRESCRIBED
STANDARD
1. Leq (Day) dB (A) 53.9 48.3 55
2. Leq (Night) dB (A) 45.3 38.7 45
3.5.3 INTERPRETATION
Based on noise level data obtained during the survey for residential area and industrial
area, it is interpreted that noise levels are within the standard norms prescribed by
MoEF&CC. Looking towards the increase in noise generating sources it is suggested that
there is need to apply noise-reducing devices at noise generating sources and generate
public awareness.
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3.6 WATER ENVIRONMENT
The annual rainfall in the region was 345.69 mm. The baseline water quality status in the
region is established by analyzing surface water and ground water. Water requirement at
site will be met through GIDC water supply.
3.6.1 METHODOLOGY FOR WATER QUALITY MONITORING
11 nos. of ground water and 2 nos. of surface water samples were collected from the
study area. These samples were analyzed for physic-chemical parameters to ascertain the
baseline status in the existing surface water and ground water bodies. Samples were
collected during the study period of October to December 2020 and analyzed as per the
Standard Methods of Water and Wastewater Analysis (APHA).
TABLE - 3.11
GROUND & SURFACE WATER QUALITY
WATER QUALITY- PHYSICAL PARAMETERS (OCTOBER, 2020 TO DECEMBER, 2020)
SR.
NO. SAMPLING LOCATION pH
TEMPERATURE
(0C)
TURBIDITY
(NTU)
T.D.S.
(mg/L)
T.S.S.
(mg/L)
1. Project site (GW1) 8.13 25.0 0.60 650 < 10
2. Vorasamni (GW2) 7.55 25.1 0.90 350 12
3. Vilayat (GW3) 7.96 25.0 0.20 1056 < 10
4. Bhersam (GW4) 7.96 25.0 1.00 2082 16
5. Cholad (GW5) 8.25 25.1 0.50 520 10
6. Saladara (GW6) 7.96 25.0 0.50 2054 14
7. Saykha (GW7) 7.91 24.9 0.9 1862 <10
8. Saran (GW8) 7.84 24.9 0.5 2088 <10
9. Vahiyal (GW9) 7.78 25 0.8 2006 14
10. Kothia (GW10) 7.55 25 0.4 238 <10
11. Khojbal (GW11) 7.7 25.1 0.9 190 <10
12. Cholad Pond (SW1) 7.33 25 3.7 358 <10
13. Khojbal Pond (SW2) 7.85 25 2.8 184 12
GW= Ground water, SW= Surface water
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WATER QUALITY - NUTRIENTS, OXYGEN DEMAND AND ORGANIC PARAMETERS
SR.
NO. SAMPLING LOCATION
AMMONICAL
NITROGEN DO COD BOD3
27 OIL &
GREASE
(mg/L)
1. Project site (GW1) BDL 7.08 1.98 < 1.0 BDL
2. Vorasamni (GW2) BDL 7.28 13.22 2.9 BDL
3. Vilayat (GW3) BDL 7.28 11.24 2.9 BDL
4. Bhersam (GW4) BDL 7.18 12.56 2.9 BDL
5. Cholad (GW5) BDL 7.28 1.32 <1.0 BDL
6. Saladara (GW6) BDL 7.08 8.59 1.9 BDL
7. Saykha (GW7) BDL 7.08 5.95 2 BDL
8. Saran (GW8) BDL 7.28 14.84 2.7 BDL
9. Vahiyal (GW9) BDL 7.18 13.88 2.6 BDL
10. Kothia (GW10) BDL 6.98 13.22 2.8 BDL
11. Khojbal (GW11) BDL 7.08 9.25 2.9 BDL
12. Cholad Pond (SW1) BDL 7.28 8.59 2.9 BDL
13. Khojbal Pond (SW2) BDL 7.08 8.59 2.9 BDL
GW= Ground water, SW= Surface water
WATER QUALITY - INORGANIC PARAMETERS
GW= Ground water, SW= Surface water
T.H.= Total Hardness, C.H.= Calcium Hardness, BDL= Below Detectable Limit
SR.
NO. SAMPLING LOCATION
TOTAL
ALKALINITY
(AS CACO3)
T.H.
(AS
CACO3)
C.H.
(AS
CACO3)
Cl- SO4—2 Mg
(mg/L)
1. Project site (GW1) 425 66.26 18.07 43.15 21.34 11.71
2. Vorasamni (GW2) 150 162.6 94.37 29.07 9.85 16.58
3. Vilayat (GW3) 320 405.6 102.4 151.3 36.4 73.68
4. Bhersam (GW4) 380 578.3 212.8 732.3 89.13 88.8
5. Cholad (GW5) 420 54.21 16.06 22.17 11.59 9.27
6. Saladara (GW6) 540 125.7 334.8 344.06 17.95 191.9
7. Saykha (GW7) 645 445.8 122.5 487.8 169.5 78.55
8. Saran (GW8) 860 552.6 210.8 778.8 206.9 107.2
9. Vahiyal (GW9) 280 589.02 299.2 773.8 136.5 111.7
10. Kothia (GW10) 110 110.4 72.28 12.81 14.58 9.27
11. Khojbal (GW11) 115 120.5 76.3 12.81 13.83 10.73
12. Cholad Pond (SW1) 130 116.46 94.37 70.46 17.98 5.36
13. Khojbal Pond (SW2) 135 96.38 62.24 17.24 12.34 8.29
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WATER QUALITY - HEAVY METALS
SR.
NO. SAMPLING LOCATION
Na T-Cr+3 Cu Pb Fe Zn K Cd F-
(mg / L)
1. Project site (GW1) 236.9 BDL BDL BDL 0.27 BDL 3.48 BDL BDL
2. Vorasamni (GW2) 29.76 BDL BDL BDL 0.18 BDL 3.48 BDL BDL
3. Vilayat (GW3) 238.1 BDL BDL BDL 0.24 BDL 17.39 BDL BDL
4. Bhersam (GW4) 389.1 BDL BDL BDL 0.11 BDL 21.74 BDL BDL
5. Cholad (GW5) 235.3 BDL BDL BDL 0.11 BDL 11.3 BDL BDL
6. Saladara (GW6) 356.8 BDL BDL BDL 0.13 BDL 35.6 BDL BDL
7. Saykha (GW7) 381.3 BDL BDL BDL 0.2 BDL 45.2 BDL BDL
8. Saran (GW8) 340.7 BDL BDL BDL 0.13 BDL 2.61 BDL BDL
9. Vahiyal (GW9) 281.3 BDL BDL BDL 1.17 BDL 7.97 BDL BDL
10. Kothia (GW10) 10.04 BDL BDL BDL 1.7 BDL 2 BDL BDL
11. Khojbal (GW11) 9.63 BDL BDL BDL 0.18 BDL 4.99 BDL BDL
12. Cholad Pond (SW1) 68.68 BDL BDL BDL 1.06 BDL 1.79 BDL BDL
13. Khojbal Pond (SW2) 43.82 BDL BDL BDL 0.31 BDL 1.19 BDL BDL
Minimum Detection Limit:
**Total Chromium (as
Cr+3)
: 0.005
mg/L
Total Iron (as Fe) : 0.01 mg/L
Copper (as Cu) : 0.05 mg/L **Zinc (as Zn) : 0.022 mg/L
Fluoride (as F-) : 0.05 mg/L
*Not in our NABL Scope, **Analyzed by Sub Contractor (Not in our NABL Scope)
SUMMARY
The statistical interpretation of observed ground water & surface water quality is
presented in Table-3.11.
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3.6.2 BASELINE GROUND WATER QUALITY
pH of Ground water samples varied from 7.55 to 8.25. Maximum pH was found at
Cholad (8.25), which is well within the standard limit.
Total Suspended Solids was varied the range of 10 to 16 mg/L. Maximum TSS was found
at Bhersam (16.0 mg/L), which is well within the standard limit.
Total Hardness (as CaCO3) was varied in the range of from 54.21 to 1125.7 mg/L.
Maximum Total Hardness was found at Valiyal (589.02 mg/L), which is well within the
standard limit.
Total Dissolved Solids was varied in range of 190 to 2088 mg/L. Maximum Total
Dissolved Solids was found at Saran (2088 mg/L), which is well within the standard
limit.
Chlorides were varied in the range of 12.81 to 778.8 mg/L. Maximum Chlorides was
found at Saran (778.8 mg/L), which is well within the standard limit.
DO was varied in range of 6.98 to 7.28 mg/L. Maximum DO was found at Cholad (7.28
mg/L), which is well within the standard limit.
COD was varied in range of 1.32 to 14.84 mg/L. Maximum COD was found at Saran
(14.84 mg/L), which is well within the standard limit.
TABLE - 3.11 (a)
Sr.
No. Criteria Pollutants Unit
Maximum
Value
Minimum
Value
Desirable
Limit
Maximum
Permissible
Limit
1. Ph pH Scale 8.25 7.55 6.5-8.5 No
Relaxation
2. Total Suspended Solids mg/l 16 10 80 120
3. Total Hardness mg/l 589.02 54.21 200 600
4. Fluoride mg/l <0.05 <0.05 1 1.5
5. Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 2088 190 500 2100
6. Chlorides mg/l 778.8 12.81 250 1000
7. Zinc mg/l 0.17 0.06 5 15
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3.6.3 BASELINE SURFACE WATER QUALITY
pH of Surface water samples varied from 7.33 to 7.85. Maximum pH was found at
Khojbal Pond (7.85), which is well within the standard limit.
DO was varied in range of 7.08 to 7.28 mg/L. Maximum DO was found at Cholad Pond
(7.28 mg/L), which is well within the standard limit.
COD was varied in range of 8.59 mg/L. Maximum COD was found at Cholad Pond (8.59
mg/L), which is well within the standard limit.
BOD327 was varied in range of BDL to 2.9 mg/L. Maximum BOD3
27 was found at Cholad
Pond (2.9 mg/L), which is well within the standard limit.
TABLE - 3.11 (b)
Sr.
No.
Criteria
Pollutants Unit
Maximum
Value
Minimum
Value
Classification Of Inland Water
Body
A
1. pH pH Scale 7.85 7.33 A
2. DO mg/l 7.28 7.08 A
3. COD mg/l 8.59 8.59 A
4. BOD mg/l 2.9 2.9 B
3.6.4 INTERPRETATION:
Ground Water Quality: Based on comparison study with drinking water standards, it is
interpreted that water samples collected from the villages should not be directly used in
drinking but can be used in other domestic purposes like washing, bathing and irrigation.
Results of Fluoride, copper, lead in the water sample of all the villages are BDL. It can be
observed that ground water qualities in terms of various essential and desirable
characteristics are found within the limits specified by IS 10500:2012.
Surface Water Quality: There are eight ponds considered in the study area. However, this
water is not used for domestic/industrial activities; as the raw water is easily available
through pipelines of local authorities. The water quality is good and it was observed that all
the parameters are well within the range of acceptance criteria as per IS: 10500.
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3.7 LAND ENVIRONMENT
3.7.1 SOIL QUALITY
Soil samples were collected from 11 locations during October to December, 2020 within the study area to assess its physico-chemical
characteristics. The analysis results of soil samples are given in Table 3.12.
TABLE – 3.12
PHYSICO-CHEMICALS CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL
SR.
NO. PARAMETER UNIT
PROJECT
SITE VORASAMNI VILAYAT BHERSAM CHOLAD SALADARA SAYKHA SARAN VALIYAL KOTHIA KHOJBAL
1. Moisture
Content %
8.69 4.31 11.46 5.04 5.72 5.94 4.75 7.47 7.34 8.03 7.54
*Total Solids % 91.31 95.69 88.54 94.96 94.28 94.06 95.25 92.53 92.66 91.97 92.46
2. pH -- 7.51 7.25 7.23 7.22 7.74 7.01 7.42 7.58 7.82 7.23 7.76
3. Temperature oC 25.1 24.9 25 24.9 25 25 25 25 25.1 25 25
4. EC mS/cm 0.175 0.248 0.082 0.242 0.192 0.155 0.212 0.456 0.121 0.119 0.124
5. Bulk Density gm/cm3 1.18 1.25 1.27 1.22 1.37 1.19 1.1 1.28 1.25 1.13 1.08
6. Porosity % 55.48 52.83 52.08 53.97 48.31 55.1 58.5 51.8 52.84 57.36 59.25
7. Water Holding
Capacity (WHC)
% 58.23 65.37 56.5 60.74 66.07 69.11 64.33 67.05 61.43 88.21 60.94
8. *Specific Gravity -- 2.42 2.23 2.39 2.12 2.32 2.51 2.3 2.51 2.35 2.4 2.56
9. Calcium (as
Ca+2)
mg/Kg 938.24 2859.68 2378.7 935.84 939.8 652.48 692.1 959.68 828 975.52 1161.28
10. Magnesium mg/Kg 616 1221.44 1507.84 645.6 605.1 358.8 559.2 529.28 680.6 707.84 772.48
11. Chlorides (as Cl-) mg/Kg 44.34 93.62 64.05 197.1 68.98 123.18 24.16 635.65 68.98 54.2 78.84
12. Total
Phosphorus
mg/Kg 24.18 29.23 10.15 23.9 22.64 20.45 1.33 27.95 21.97 60.53 20.45
13. Available
Phosphorus
mg/Kg 0.25 1.25 0.47 0.85 0.18 0.64 0.96 0.09 0.48 2.94 0.45
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14. Organic Matter
(OM)
% 1.55 5.28 2.4 1.85 2.41 2.01 1.98 2.76 1.48 2.21 3.05
15. *Total Alkalinity mg/Kg 1100 2200 800 1550 950 2000 1300 2350 1100 1060 1250
16. Total Nitrogen mg/Kg 702.4 1759.76 783.87 1248.7 1000.59 1260.53 1720.34 1567.87 1175.92 1392.17 990.92
17. Available
Nitrogen
mg/Kg 51.08 127.98 57.01 90.81 72.77 91.67 125.12 114.03 85.52 101.25 72.07
18. *Nitrate
Nitrogen
mg/Kg 21.41 9.38 65.61 <0.05 21.72 <0.05 45.78 24.69 83.73 33.59 6.57
19. *Sulphates (as
SO4-2)
mg/Kg 868.39 1169.88 862.01 792.28 832.49 940.35 1166.17 987.23 847.1 1171.06 1295.1
20. *Total Iron (as
Fe)
mg/Kg 51.27 20.13 28.47 14.31 107 108.73 57.59 31.08 33.59 54.08 157.2
21. *Copper (as Cu) mg/Kg 0.8 0.4 <0.05 0.1 0.2 0.2 <0.05 0.5 <0.05 0.4 0.5
22. *Nickel (as Ni) mg/Kg BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL*
23. **Lead (as Pb) mg/Kg BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL*
24. **Arsenic (as As) mg/Kg BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL*
25. **Organic
Carbon % 0.9 3.06 1.39 1.07 1.39 1.17 1.15 1.6 0.86 1.28 1.77
26. **Color
--
Dark
Brown
Dark
Brown Brown Brown Brown
Light
Brown
Yellowish
Brown Brown
Dark
Brown
Brown Brown
27. **Sodium (as
Na)
mg/Kg 375.8 742.4 129.8 1407.7 198.4 567.9 941.1 856.5 139.3 194.2 363.1
28. **Potassium (as
K)
mg/Kg 58 74.5 119.7 115.9 29 58 58 58 16.6 144.9 154.5
29. **Cadmium (as
Cd)
mg/Kg BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL*
30. **Permeability cm/sec 5.47 x 10-
5 3.40 x 10-5
4.51 x 10-
5 3.72 x 10-6
5.91 x 10-
5 2.57 x 10-6 4.34 x 10-5
2.65 x 10-
6
8.31 x
10-6 1.76 x 10-6 5.03 x 10-5
31. **Grain Size Analysis
Gravel % 2 1 0 0 1 2 2 3 0 2 3
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Coarse Sand % 2 2 3 1 3 4 5 3 2 2 3
Medium Sand % 7 5 8 6 7 6 5 4 4 10 5
Fine Sand % 11 6 10 8 10 6 8 8 6 11 9
Silt + Clay % 78 86 79 85 79 86 80 82 88 75 80
Note: Minimum Detectable Limit: Nickel – 0.1 mg/kg Copper – 0.5 mg/kg Cadmium – 0.001 mg/kg Lead – 0.001 mg/kg
3.7.2 SUMMARY OF SOIL QUALITY
Parameters like Porosity, Water Holding Capacity, Bulk Density, etc. were considered. Based on the soil analysis report, the following can be
concluded:
pH of samples varied from 7.01 to 7.82. Maximum pH was found at Vahiyal (7.82), which is well within the standard limit.
Nitrogen (N) was varied in range of 51.08 to 127.98 mg/kg. Maximum Nitrogen (N) was found at Vorasamni (127.98 mg/kg), which is well
within the standard limit.
Phosphorus (P) was varied in range of 10.15 to 60.53 mg/kg. Maximum Phosphorus (P) was found at Kothia (60.53 mg/kg), which is well
within the standard limit.
Potassium (K) was varied in range of 16.6 to 154.5 mg/kg. Maximum Potassium (K) was found at Khojbal (60.53 mg/kg), which is well
within the standard limit.
Electric Conductivity was varied in range of 0.082 to 0.456 mS/cm. Maximum Electric Conductivity was found at Saran (0.456 mS/cm),
which is well within the standard limit.
Sr. No. Criteria Pollutants Unit Maximum Value Minimum Value
1. pH pH Scale 7.82 7.01
2. Nitrogen (N) mg/l 127.98 51.08
3. Phosphorus (P) mg/l 60.53 10.15
4. Potassium (K) mg/l 154.5 16.6
5. Electric Conductivity mS/cm 0.456 0.082
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3.7.3 INTERPRETATION
The porosity of soils can be considered as moderate to good for air and water movement in
the soil and the pH of soils are slightly alkaline. The concentration of available Nitrogen,
Phosphorous and Potassium in the soil samples signifies that the soil of the area is fertile.
3.7.4 MONITORING PHOTOGRAPHS
Fig. 3.4 MONITORING PHOTOGRAPHS
1. Vorasamni
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2. Vilayat
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3. Bhersam
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4. Cholad
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6. Sayakha
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7. Saran
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8. Vahiyal
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10. Khojbal
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3.8 REPORT ON ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS SUCH AS GEOLOGY, SOIL, HYDROLOGY,
LAND USE PATTERN, DRAINAGE NETWORK
3.8.1 INTRODUCTION
The basic habitat parameter assessment and estimation through various practices was the
main aim of present study by which we can get an idea about environmental condition of any
area. The main parameters are Land use, Land cover, Ecological status, Geology, Hydrology,
Soil, Drainage Pattern and infrastructure establishment was taken into account for study.
The site for which this study is carried out is situated at 21°48'2.47"N and 72°49'12.58"E, is
situated in Industrial area of Sayakha in Vagra taluka of Bharuch district, Gujarat State.
The baseline parameters such as Land use / Land cover, Ecological status, Geology, Hydrology,
Soil, Drainage Pattern and infrastructure establishment is studied within the 10 km aerial
radius from the center where the site is located. The entire circular area was study and based
on that the observations are derived. Generated database than further verified with
authentic literature as well as reference material such as published Government records and
reports, articles and notes published in scientific journals, other published database such as
student’s dissertation reports and PhD thesis.
3.8.2 STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS WITHIN STUDY AREA
The study area is situated at Sayakha Industrial area near to town of Vagra taluka of Bharuch
district in Gujarat state. This part is located at Western side of the state and comprises
various ecosystem due to presence of Narmada river estuary. The ecosystems are Marine
ecosystem of Arabian sea, Estuarine Ecosystem of Narmada estuary, Riverine Ecosystem of
seasonal drainage as well as perennial river system of Narmada river, Aquatic ecosystem of
seasonal as well as perennial Water bodies such as Ponds, Lakes, Bogs and Water-logged
areas, Dry Scrubland Ecosystem, Agriculture Ecosystem and Urban-Rural human settlements
where we can find well association of many environmental parameters.
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FIGURE - 3.5
MAJOR GEOLOGICAL FEATURES
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TABLE – 3.13
Description of geological classification and area under different formations
Age Formation Lithology and Thickness
Sub-Recent to
Recent
Gujarat Alluvium Coarse to pebbly sands, gravel, kankars, yellow & grey
sandy clays (50-100 m).
Middle to Upper
Miocene
Jhagadia White and grey calcareous and micaceous sandstone,
grey shaly sandstone and sands (200 m).
Lower to Middle
Miocene
Kand Grey clay and claystone with occasional sandstone
and conglomerate (200 m).
Lower Miocene Babaguru Ferruginous sandstone, conglomerates and grey clays
(200 m).
Lower Miocene Tarkeshwar Variegated claystone and occasional bands of coarse
to medium grained sandstone (152 m).
Upper Eocene
to Early
Oligocene
Dadhar Alternations of coarse to medium grained, friable
sandstone and moderately hard dark grey shale with a
bioclastic limestone (250 m).
Middle to Upper
Eocene
Ankleshwar Green, grey and dark grey shale‟s, sandy shale‟s and
argillaceous sandstone (200-300 m).South of Mahi
River, sandstone, dark grey to green grey shale‟s and
bioclastic limestone.
Lower Eocene Cambay Shale
Member
Dark grey to black fissile shale‟s, pyretic and rich in
combined organic matter (500-1500 m).
Paleocene to
Lower Eocene
Olpad /
Vagadkhol
Volcanic conglomerates, sandstones, silts, ashy
claystones and clays of light grey to reddish brown
and flaming red colour. The matrix is clays and
chloritic, locally carbonate enriched zones are present
(20-1000 m).
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3.8.3 SOIL INFORMATION
Soil Type: The state is endowed with a wide range of macro and microclimates, physiography,
landforms, geology and vegetation that have an influence on the genesis of soil. Soil systems
have developed over many millions of years. The soil characteristics in a given area at a given
point of time are a function of both natural influences and human activities.
Soils in the study area of 10 km radius from the site are falling under sub class of soils of
alluvial plains. These soils are classified as Soils of West coast, which consists of Fine,
montmorillonitic (calcareous) hyperthermic Udic Chromusters elements. The soils are very
deep, moderately well drained, calcareous, fine soils on very gently sloping alluvial plain
with slight erosion and moderate salinity. It is associated with very deep moderately well
drained, calcareous, fine soils with moderate erosion.
FIGURE - 3.6
SOIL CHARACTERISTICS MAP
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3.8.4 HYDROLOGY
This region is having tributaries of Narmada River. Other than this study area is having some
natural water bodies such as village ponds and bogs. This region is also having Canal
network.
FIGURE – 3.7
HYDROGEOLOGICAL MAP
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3.8.5 DRAINAGE PATTERN
The district is drained by Narmada, Dhadhar and Kim rivers. Kaveri, Karjan and Dev rivers
flow into Narmada River. Narmada is the biggest river of the district flowing from East to
West. Dhadhar flowing from North to South enters the district in Jambusar taluka and is
46km. long. Kim River originates in Rajpipla hills and it enters the district near Ramanpura
village of the Valia taluka. It flows from East to West and is 115 km. long. Kaveri River flows
only in Jhagadia taluka and is 40 km long. Narmada, Dhadhar and Kim are principal rivers in
the study area as well as in Bharuch district. Narmada River is in the centre among these
rivers. These rivers flow parallel to each other to more or less extent. These rivers have
mainly contributed to alluvial plains of south Gujarat including Bharuch.
1) Narmada River: The source of the Narmada is in the hill of Amarkantak, in the Bilaspur
district of Madhya Pradesh, 3,500 feet above the level of the sea. After descending from the
hills in which it rises, and until it reaches the Gujarat plain, the course of Narmada for about
500 miles line between the Vindhya Range on the right and the Satpura hills on the left.
Throughout this distance the valley of the Narmada is narrow. The mountain ranges on
either side, with an average distance of from eighteen to twenty-six miles are now here
more than forty miles apart. The river Narmada enters into Bharuch district from plateau of
Malwa and flows towards gulf of Khambhat in west. Total length of Narmada River in the
district is 166 km. Narmada River is changed into creek around gulf of Khambhat after
leaving Bharuch city. The tributaries flowing to Narmada River are Kaveri, Amaravati, Karjan
and Dev. Buva, Nahiyer, Bhukhi, Amalkhedi and Vankhedi are other small rivers. These
waterways flowing from east to west are perennial sources of water. However, lands in bank
areas have become saline and waste largely on account of ingress of tidal water of the sea.
The river Narmada known also as the Rewa, and so giving its name, the Rewa Kantha to the
portion of Gujarat through which the river passes between the Sahyadri Hills and the
eastern limit of the Baroda territory, has a course, including windings, of from seven to eight
hundred miles in length; a drainage area estimated at 36,400 square miles and a discharge
in time of maximum flood, of about two and a half million cubic feet per second.
2) Dhadhar River: Dhadhar River flows from north to south in the district. The river enter
into Jambusar taluka and meets the gulf of Khambhat at Navagam of Amod taluka. The
length of Dhadhar River 46 km. Dhadhar River is 32 km. away from Narmada and the river
Kim is in south. Kim River is situated between Narmada and Tapi rivers. The river flows from
east to west in the district, enters into Valia taluka and meets the gulf of Khambhat towards
south.
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FIGURE – 3.8
DRAINAGE PATTERN
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3.9 LAND USE PATTERN
According to habitat condition and satellite image interpretation there are several classes
derived which shows land use and its pattern in the study area.
The major of the area occupied by Agriculture practices in this region as it shows major area
occupied by agriculture fields. There is 87% of the total area is occupied by Agriculture in
which people practices mainly Cotton and Castor Crops.
The other classes observed are the water bodies class includes Reservoir/ Lakes/ Ponds/
Tanks, and River bed covers around 2.9 % of the study area. The tributaries of Narmada
River and Canal network present in the study area under this class.
Scrubland is also there in this region which is almost 7.6 % of the total area. There are
mainly Prosopis sp. occupied in all these scrublands along with seasonal Herbs and some
shrubs.
There is less urbanization observed in satellite image. The area occupied under Settlement
class is 2.4 % of the total area in which Industrial zone and Residential zone both present.
There are mainly rural areas in the study area along with Vagra town which is one of the
Taluka headquarter of Bharuch district.
3.9.1 METHOD OF DATA PREPARATION
The land use / land cover has been presented in the form of a map prepared by using IRS P6
LISS-III and procured from the National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA), Hyderabad. The
satellite data has been processed using ERDAS Imagine software supported with ground
checks and ground truth verification. Area and distance calculations have been carried out
using GIS software after geo-referencing the interpreted data with the help of Survey of India
(SoI) topographical maps of the scale 1:50,000.
A map depicting major land use/ land cover classes comprising lands under agriculture,
fallow land, open/degraded vegetation; lands falling under water bodies, scrub and lands
under inhabitations is presented at Figure 3.7. The map also marks the area within 10 km of
the project site as the area of interest.
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Process Methodology
Procurement of
Satellite Imagery
Preparation of Base
Map using
topographical maps
Data Preparation
- Radiometric correction
- Geometric correction
Preparation of
Signature Confusion
Matrix
First Level
Classification
Field
Verification/Ground
Truth
Updated information
from field
Second Level
Classification
Accuracy Estimation Area Estimation Map Output
Pre field process
Field process
Post field
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TABLE – 3.14
AREAS UNDER DIFFERENT LANDUSE
(Courtesy : Environmental Information Centre, New Delhi)
SR.
NO.
LAND USE
CLASSIFICATION
AREA WITHIN 10 KM OF
PROJECT LOCATION
PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL
AREA
1 Agriculture 27364.69 87.1
2 Scrubland 2388.44 7.6
3 Settlements 746.17 2.4
4 Waterbody 926.77 2.9
TOTAL 31426.07 100.0
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FIGURE – 3.9
LANDUSE / LANDCOVER
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FIGURE – 3.10
TOPOSHEET
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3.10 ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Introduction
Ecology and Biodiversity of any region is very important aspect which play vital role to form
a healthy environment. In present study area there are mainly four ecosystem were
observed.
Aquatic Ecosystem, Agro Ecosystem, Terrestrial Ecosystem and Forest-Scrubland Ecosystem.
Our team of subject experts have thoroughly surveyed key habitats presents in the area
which can represent the entire region by their abundance in biodiversity. Agriculture region
occur in North and Eastern side where as Aquatic region present in Western and Southern
side and Scrublands are scattered in this study area. These regions also provide an
environment for survival of variety of floral as well as faunal specie.
Climate
The weather of Bharuch district is hot and dry-starting from mid-march till mid-June, mid-
during summer season weather remains hot and dry. While from mid-June till end of
September weather remains humid and can be considered pleasant. From October-
November weather is bit hot. From December to February climate remains cool
Rainfall
The average rainfall of the district is 800 mm.
Biogeography
According to Rodgers and Panwar (1988), Gujarat has parts of four biogeographic zones:
Zone 3. The Indian Desert
Province 3A - Kutch
Zone 4. The Semi-arid Zone:
Province 4B - Gujarat – Rajputana
Zone 5. The Western Ghats:
Province 5A - Malabar Coast
Province 5B - Western Ghat Mountains
Zone 10. The Coast of India:
Province 10A - West Coast
The project area falls at Zone 4: The Semi-arid zone, Province 4B – Gujarat-Rajputana.
3.10.1 PHYSIOGRAPHY
The region provides a combination of most of the geo-environmental features for the
development of favorable ecosystems. The alluvial sediments and reasonable water
resources have provided impetus towards developing human induced ecosystems of
agricultural cropping agro-forestry and horticulture. The elevation range of the region is
about 20 m showing a very gentle flat gradient of 1:800 to 1:1000. The region shows more
or less a flat topography with a series of sections cut by deeply incised channels of rivers
flowing across the region. The river banks are generally marked by levee deposits, creating a
ridge type banks with higher elevations than the general ground level. The flat topography is
dotted by low height sandy mounds of stabilized dunes. Formation of ravine landscape is
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quite common on most of the river banks due to deep gully erosion. The rivers are prone to
heavy floods and land erosion.
3.10.2 FOREST
Bharuch area is characterized by tropical dry deciduous forests. The total forest area of
district is 1449.68 sq.m. That accounts for 0.73 % of the total geographical area of the
district. The nearest forest patch is Ratanpur Reserve Forest, which is about 21.65 km from
the project area. (Courtesy: Environmental Information Centre, New Delhi)
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3.10.3 FLORA
Some of the flora found in Bharuch area is listed below:
TABLE – 3.15
LIST OF FLORA
Sr.
No. Local Name Scientific Name
Trees
1 Sitaphal Annona squamosa L.
2 Ambo Mangifera indica L.
3 Aamda Phyllanthus emlica L.
4 Goras aamli Pithocellobium dulce( Roxb) Benth
5 Amli Tamarindus indica L.
6 Jungli badam Terminalia catappa L.
7 Jambu Syzygium cumini (L.)
8 Rayan Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dub
9 Chikoo Manilkara zapota (L.) P.Royen
10 Taad Borassus flabellifer L.
11 Gunda Cordia dichotoma Forst.f.
12 Kothi Limonia acidissima L.
13 Nariyel Cocos nucifera L.
14 Papaya Carica papaya L.
15 Limbu Citrus limon (L.) Burmf.
16 Jaamphad Psidium guajava Mill.
17 Taad Borassus flabellifer L.
18 Limbdo Azadiracta indica A.Juss.
19 Aledi Morinda tomentosa Heyne ex Roxb
20 Mitho limdo Murraya koenigii (L.) Sprengel
21 Saragvo Moringa oleifera Lam.
22 Garmado Cassia fistula L.
23 Champo Plumeria alba L.
24 Pido bavad Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit
25 Limdo Azadiracta indica A.Juss.
26 Saptparni Alstonia scholarisL. R. Br.
27 Tamraphali Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Backer ex Heyne.
28 Asopalav Polylathia longifolia (Sonn.) Thw.
29 Shirish Albizia lebbeck (L.)Benth.
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30 Nilgiri Eucalyptus globulosa Labill
31 Pipado Ficus religiosa
32 Vad Ficus benghalensis
33 Gando baval Prosopis julifera (SW.) DC.
34 Moto arduso Ailanthus excelsa Roxb
35 Ghut boradi Zizyphus xylopyrus (Retz.) Willd
Shrubs
36 Setur Morus rubra L.
37 Baar mashi Catharanthus roseus (L.)G.Don
38 Tulsi Ocimum sanctum L.
39 Gulaab Rosa sp.
40 Ardusi Adhatoda vasica Nees
41 Jasood Hibiscus rosa sinensis L.
42 Dadam Punica Granatum
43 Mendi Lawsonia inermis L.
44 Damro Ocimum basilicum L.
45 Jasood Hibiscus rosa sinensis L.
46 Galgoota Tagetus patula L.
47 Thoria Euphorbia antiquorum L.
48 Dhaturo Duranta erecta L.
49 Bougainvel Bougainvillea spectabilisWilld.
Herbs
50 Variyali Foeniculum vulgare Mill.
51 Phudino Mentha spicata L.
52 Office plant Portulaca grandifloraHook.
53 - Impatiens balsamina L.
54 - Mirabilis jalapa L.
55 Galgoota Tagetes erecta L.
56 Bho pathri Launaea procumbens (Roxb.) Ram. & Raj.
57 Bhoi aamli Phyllanthus niruri L.
58 Bhuri Sankhavali, Zini Phudardi Evolvulus alsinoides L.
59 Moti luni Portulaca oleracea L.
Grass
60 Adbau saamo Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv
61 Baru Sorghum halpense (L.) Pers.
62 Chaku maku Eragrostis poaeoides P. Beauv.
63 Chokadiyu Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Beauv.
64 Lapdu Aristida adscensionis L.
Climber
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FIG. 3.11 LIST OF FLORA
65 - Allamanda cathartica L.
66 Chanothi Abrus precatorius L.
Bulbous
67 Kuvnvarpathu Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.
68 Panfuti Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken
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3.10.4 FAUNA
TABLE – 3.16
LIST OF FAUNA
Sr.
No. Common Name Local Name Scientific Name
IUCN
Status
Mammals
1 Hanuman langur Vandro Presbytis entellus LC
2 Common Indian mongoose Nolio Herpestes edwardsi LC
3 Asian house shrew Chhachhundar Suncus murinus LC
4 Five-striped palm squirrel Panch pattavadi
khiskoli Funambulus pennantii
LC
5 House mouse Undar Mus musculus LC
6 Little Indian field mouse Undardi Mus booduga LC
7 Indian Flying Fox Vagol Pteropus giganteus LC
8 Small Indian Civet Nanu Vaniyar Viverricula indica LC
Birds
9 Cattle egret Dhor baghalo Bubulcus ibis LC
10 Black headed Ibis Safed kakansar Threskiornis melanocephalus NT
11 Black ibis Kadi kakansar Pseudibis papillosa LC
12 White breated Waterhen Dholi chhati
Santakukdi Amaurornis phoenicurus
LC
13 Grey headed Swamphen Nil Jalmanjar Porphyrio poliocephalus LC
14 Common Sandpiper Samanya Tutvari Actitis hypoleucos LC
15 Painted Stork Pili chaanch dhonk Mycteria leucocephala NT
16 Bronze winged Jacana Kalo Jalmanjar Metopidius indicus LC
17 Black winged stilt Gajpau Himantopus himantopus LC
18 Little Grebe Nani Dubki Tachybaptus ruficollis LC
19 Little Cormorant Nano Kajiyo Phalacrocorax niger LC
20 Indian Cormorant Vachet Kajiyo Phalacrocorax fuscicollis LC
21 Little Egret Nano Baglo Egretta garzetta LC
22 Great Egret Moto Baglo Casmerodis albus LC
23 Intermediate Egret Vachet Baglo Mesophoyx intermedia LC
24 Indian Pond Heron Kani Bagli Ardeola grayii LC
25 Asian Openbill Fati Chaanch Dhonk Anastomus oscitans LC
26 Red-wattled lapwing Titodi Vanellus indicus LC
27 Black-shouldered kite Kapasi Elanus axillaris LC
28 Oriental honey buzzard Madhiyo baj Pernis ptilorhynchus LC
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29 Black kite Samadi Milvus migrans LC
30 Short toed Snake Eagle Saapmaar Circaetus gallicus LC
31 Black Shouldered Kite Kapasi Elanus axillaris LC
32 Shikra Shakro Accipiter badius LC
33 Grey francolin Tetar Francolinus pondicerianus LC
34 Indian peafowl Mor Pavo cristatus LC
35 Rock pigeon Kabutar Columba livia LC
36 Eurasian collared dove Holo Streptopelia decaocto LC
37 Spotted dove Taliyo holo Spilopelia chinensis LC
38 Red collared dove Holo Streptopelia tranquebarica LC
39 Rose-ringed parakeet Sudo or Popat Psittacula krameri LC
40 Pied crested cuckoo Chatak Clamator jacobinus LC
41 Brainfever bird Bapaiyo Hierococcyx varius LC
42 Asian koel Koyal Eudynamys scolopaceus LC
43 Greater coucal Huko Centropus sinensis LC
44 White-throated kingfisher Kalkaliyo Halcyon smyrnensis LC
45 Green bee-eater Patrango Merops orientalis LC
46 Indian roller Chashh Coracias benghalensis LC
47 Common hoopoe Ghanti Takano Upupa epops LC
48 Wire-tailed swallow Tarodiyu Hirundo smithii LC
49 Eurasian golden oriole Pidak Oriolus oriolus LC
50 Black drongo Kadiyo koshi Dicrurus macrocercus LC
51 Brahminy myna Shiraji Kabar Sturnia pagodarum LC
52 Common myna Kabar Acridotheres tristis LC
53 Bank myna Kabar Acridotheres ginginianus LC
54 House crow Kagado Corvus splendens LC
55 Jungle crow Kagdo Corvus macrorhynchos LC
56 Red-vented bulbul Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer LC
57 Jungle babbler Van Lailu Turdoides striata LC
58 Common babbler Laila Turdoides caudata LC
59 Oriental magpie-robin Dayyad Copsychus saularis LC
60 Indian robin Dev Chakali Saxicoloides fulicatus LC
61 Ashy prinia Varsha futki Prinia socialis LC
62 Common tailorbird Darjido Orthotomus sutorius LC
63 Great tit Rakhodi ramchakali Parus major LC
64 Purple sunbird Phul Sunghani Cinnyris asiaticus LC
65 Purple-rumped sunbird Jambli fulsunghni Leptocoma zeylonica LC
66 Oriental white-eye Shwet nayna Zosterops palpebrosus LC
67 House sparrow Chakli Passer domesticus LC
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68 Yellow-throated sparrow Pahelvan Chakli Petronia xanthocollis LC
69 Baya weaver Sugari Ploceus philippinus LC
70 Indian silverbill - Lonchura malabarica LC
71 Yellow-throated sparrow Pahelvan Chakli Petronia xanthocollis LC
72 Yellow-bellied house gecko Pidapetvadi ghar
gharodi Hemidactylus flaviviridis
LC
73 Oriental garden lizard Kachindo Calotes versicolor LC
Reptiles and Amphibians
74 Brahminy Skink Samanya bamani Eutropis carinata LC
75 Common Indian monitor Patla gho Varanus bengalensis LC
76 Rough-tailed sand boa. Bhamphodi Gongylophis conicus LC
77 Red sand boa Andhadi chakaran Eryx johnii LC
78 Buff striped keelback Pida pattavado
samp Amphiesma stolatum
LC
79 Common Indian bronzeback Tamrpith vruksh
samp Dendrelaphis tristis
LC
80 Trinket snake Rupsundari Coelognathus helena LC
81 Indian wolf snake Samanya varundati Lycodon aulicus LC
82 Common kukri snake Samanya kukari Oligodon arnensis LC
83 Indian ratsnake Dhaman Ptyas mucosa LC
84 Common krait Kadotaro Bungarus caeruleus LC
85 Indian cobra Nag Naja naja LC
86 Russell's viper Khadchitro Daboia russelii LC
87 Saw-scaled viper Pedku or furso Echis carinatus LC
88 Asian common toad Bhumi dedko Duttaphrynus melanostictus LC
89 Indian balloon frog Dedko Uperodon globulosus LC
90 Indian cricket frog Dedko Fejervarya limnocharis LC
91 Indian burrowing frog Dar dedko Sphaerotheca breviceps LC
92 Indian balloon frog Dedko Uperodon globulosus LC
93 Silverfish Jivat Lepisma species LC
94 Field cricket Kansari Gryllus domesticus LC
Insects and Butterflies
95 Grasshopper Popto Schistocerca gregaria LC
96 Stick insect Jivdu Megaphasma species LC
97 Cockroach Vando Periplaneta americana LC
98 Praying mantis Khadmankdi Hierodula unimaculata LC
99 Termite Udhai Odontotermes obesus LC
100 Cicada Kahari Platypleura octoguttata LC
101 Cotton bug Chusiyu Dysdercus cingulatus LC
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102 Green bug Chusiyu Nezara gramineae LC
103 Ladybird beetle Jivdu Coccinella septempunctata LC
104 Ladybird Beetle Jivdu Coccinella transversalis LC
105 Dung beetle Gigo Heliocopris bucephalus LC
106 Blister beetle Jivdu Mylabris pustulata LC
107 Mosquito Machhar Aedes species LC
108 Mosquito Machhar Anopheles species LC
109 Crane fly Makhi Conosia irrorata LC
110 Long-legged flies Makhi Condylostylus species LC
111 Flower fly Phul makhi Sphaerophoria scutellaris LC
112 Blow fly Makhi Lucilia illustris LC
113 House fly Makhi Musca domestica LC
114 Moth Fudi Syntomis passalis LC
115 Crimson-speckled flunkey Fudi Utetheisa pulchella LC
116 Cucumber moth Fudi Diaphania indica LC
117 Common rose Patangiu Pachliopta aristolochiae LC
118 Common mormon Patangiu Papilio polytes LC
119 Lemon butterfly Patangiu Papilio demoleus LC
120 Mottled emigrant Patangiu Catopsilia pyranthe LC
121 Common emigrant Patangiu Catopsilia pomona LC
122 Common jezebel Patangiu Delias eucharis LC
123 Small grass yellow Patangiu Eurema brigitta LC
124 Plain tiger Patangiu Danaus chrysippus LC
125 Common tiger Patangiu Danaus genutia LC
126 Common Indian crow Patangiu Euploea core LC
127 Yellow pansy Patangiu Junonia hierta LC
128 Lemon pansy Patangiu Junonia lemonias LC
129 Paper wasp Bhamari Ropalidia variegata LC
130 Carpenter bee Bhamaro Xylocopa virginica LC
131 Leafcutting bee - Megachile lanata LC
132 Honey bee Madhmakhi Apis dorsata LC
133 Honey bee Nani madhmakhi Apis florea LC
134 Black ant Makodo Camponotus compressus LC
135 Weaver ant - Oecophylla smaragdina LC
136 ant Kidi Crematogaster soror LC
137 Tree ant Jimol Tetraponera rufonigra LC
138 Tent-weaver spider Karodio Cyrtophora citricola LC
139 Orb-web spider Karodio Argiope anasuja LC
140 Gray wall spider Karodio Menemerus bivittatus LC
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141 Social spider Karodio Stegodyphus sarasinorum LC
142 Centipede Kanpichhudo/
Kankhajuro Scolopendra cingulata
LC
143 Earthworm Adasiyu Pheretima posthuma LC
(Courtesy: Akshar Enviromatics (Environment and Geomatics), Vadodara, Gujarat, India)
FIG. 3.12 LIST OF FAUNA
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3.10.5 Details of Presence of Schedule-I species
Study Area: 10 km radius from M/s. Starlite Paints located at Plot No. DP-46, Saykha
Industrial Estate, Tal: Vagra, Dist: Bharuch (Gujarat).
The Schedule- I species as per Wildlife Protection Act -1972 are:
Sr.
No. Animal Type
Scientific Name
(Zoological Name) Local Name
WPA
Status
IUCN
Status
1 Oriental honey buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus Madhiyo baj I LC
2 White-eyed buzzard Butastur teesa - I LC
3 Black kite Milvus migrans Samadi I LC
4 Shikra Accipiter badius Shakro I LC
5 Short-toed snake eagle Circaetus gallicus - I LC
6 Indian peafowl Pavo cristatus Mor I LC
7 Black-shouldered kite Elanus axillaris Kapasi I LC
8 Indian python Python molurus Ajgar I LC
9 Danaid eggfly Hypolimnas misippus Patangiu I LC
10 Common pierrot Castalius rosimon Patangiu I LC
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a) Whether conservation plan for Schedule-I species has been prepared?
Conservation Plan for Schedule – I species documented from project site
Introduction
A detailed biological survey of the core zone (Project site) and buffer zone (10 km
radius from periphery of the project site) was carried out giving details of flora and
fauna. However, peacock which belongs to Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act
1972 are the only species of fauna found in the study area.
A detailed field survey was carried out for complete documentation of floral
as well as faunal biodiversity for the core zone which is at Project site and the buffer
zone which is 10 km aerial circular area from the project site. The Oriental Honey
Buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus), White Eyed Buzzard (Butastur teesa), Black Kite
(Milvus migrans), Shikra (Accipiter badius), Short Toed Snake Eagle (Circaetus
gallicus), Black Shouldered Kite (Elanus axillaris), Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus)
among the birds, Indian Python (Python molurus) among the reptiles and Two
butterflies Danaid Eggfly (Hypolimnas misippus) and Common pierrot Butterfly
(Castalius rosimon) was recorded from the study area and these faunal species
belongs to Schedule – I of the Wildlife Protection Act – 1972. Following are species
wise conservation plans and also generalized measures for their conservation.
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Oriental Honey Buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Accipitriformes
Family: Accipitridae
Genus: Pernis
Species: P. ptilorhynchus
Binomial name
Pernis ptilorhynchus
General Description of the species
Despite its name, this species is not related to Buteobuzzards, and is taxonomically closer to
the kites. It appears long-necked with a small head (resembling that of a pigeon), and soars
on flat wings. The head lacks a strong superciliary ridge, giving it a facial appearance very
unlike a raptor. It has a long tail and a short head crest. It is brown above, but not as dark as
European honey buzzard, and paler below. A dark throat stripe is present. Unusually for a
large bird of prey, the sexes can be distinguished. The male has a blue-grey head, while the
female's head is brown. She is slightly larger and darker than the male. The male has a black
tail with a white band. It is larger and longer-winged than its western counterpart, the
European honey buzzard, Pernis apivorus.
Breeding of the species
It breeds in Asia from central Siberia east to Japan. It is a summer migrant to Siberia,
wintering in tropical Southeast Asia. Elsewhere, it is more-or-less resident.
Food Habits & Behaviour of the Species
It is a specialist feeder, living mainly on the larvae of social bees and wasps, and eating bits
of comb and honey. It takes other small insect prey such as cicadas. The crested honey
buzzard breeds in woodland, and is inconspicuous except in the spring, when the mating
display includes wing-clapping. The display of roller-coasting in flight and fluttering wings at
the peak of the ascent are characteristic of the genus Pernis.
Conservation and Its relationship with Humans
In Gujarat State it is very common bird of prey and can be easily seen everywhere. It have
very good adaptability to every ecosystems such as Agro, Urban, Rural, Forest and
Wetlands. As it prefers the larvae of social bees and wasps, and eating bits of comb and
honey. It takes other small insect prey such as cicadas as food and so it is very much
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associated to humans. But in this study area neither any such threat to the species observed
nor any harm by humans practiced. The species is well associated with human habitations
without any problem.
Probable Threats to the species
- This is large bird of prey and it prefers large trees for roosting and nesting so
decreasing amount of such trees is kind of direct threat to the species.
- It prefers social bees and wasps for food as well as bits of honey comb so the indirect
loss of such species can disturb the food availability of Honey buzzard. It also prey
upon small insects such as cicadas so application of various pesticides can indirectly
harm the species.
- Global Warming and Air pollution can harm this species in seasonal migration and
the health of the species.
Conservation Measures
Direct and indirect approach is required to provide effective conservation, which is
recommended as under:
- Increasing the tree cover in the study area which will provide shelter and roosting to
theHoney Buzzard. This can be achieved by planting of trees (a group of trees that
grow close together, generally without many bushes or other plants) in buffer area.
By encouraging people for plantation of some local species such as Neem, Shirish,
Khakhro, Haldu, Amli, Banyan, Peepal and Peeper or other Ficus sp.Vacant places
such as edges of agricultural fields, village Gauchar, Panchayat’s common land,
neighbourhood of people inhibiting, road side avenue tree plantation, open scrubs,
ravines, school compounds can be selected for practicing the plantation activity.
- Awareness programmes (community and school level) for conservation of Bird of
Preys in the study area as well as negative effects of Chemical pesticide and how it is
harmful to the food chain of such species is very essential and the same can be
achieved through organizing competitions during “Wildlife Week” and “Van
Mahotsav” celebrations by active involvement of local community.
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- Some provision of rewards to informers for the control of poaching and illegal trade
in wildlife.
- Carrying out census and research projects to know the potential threats and
population status of the species in collaboration of local schools, colleges,
panchayats and forest department.
- Provision of veterinary care and cages for injured or sick deformed birds especially
during ‘Uttarayan’ – A Kite flying festival where the birds are prone to thread
injuries.
- Suggest strategies to minimize negative impacts of changing environment in nearby
area of OrientalHoney buzzard populations and to promote conservation of habitats.
- Another way to help preserve the endangered species is to create society dedicated
to ecological ethics. All the conservation measures will be implemented with the
help of and in the consultation of the district forest department.
- With the objective of effectively protecting the wild life and to control poaching,
smuggling and illegal trade in wildlife and its derivatives, the Government of India
enacted Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972. The Act was amended in January 2003 and
punishment and penalty for offences under the Act have been made more stringent.
The proponent has proposed a sum of Rs. 102500/-for the “Oriental Honey Buzzard”
conservation plan under the following heads:
Sr.
No Work or Activity Approximate Cost. Rs.
1 Plantation-350 tree plants (5 feet
heightas per the plant species-Cost of
sapling will be changed per year)
52,500/-(@ 150/-per plant)
2 One awareness programme for
conservation
20,000/-
3 3 cash prizes @ 10000 in a year will be
awarded to the informer of poachers.
30,000/-
TOTAL 1,02,500/-
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White Eyed Buzzard (Butastur teesa)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Accipitriformes
Family: Accipitridae
Genus: Butastur
Species: B. teesa
Binomial name
Butastur teesa
General Description of the species
The White-eyed buzzard (Butastur teesa) is a medium-sized hawk, distinct from the true
buzzards in the genus Buteo, found in South Asia. Adults have a rufous tail, a distinctive
white iris, and a white throat bearing a dark mesial stripe bordered. The head is brown and
the median coverts of the upper wing are pale. They lack the typical carpal patches on the
underside of the wings seen in true buzzards, but the entire wing lining appears dark in
contrast to the flight feathers. They sit upright on perches for prolonged periods and soar on
thermals in search of insect and small vertebrate prey. They are vociferous in the breeding
season, and several birds may be heard calling as they soar together. This species is widely
distributed in South Asia, throughout India in the plains and extending up to 1000 m in the
Himalayas. It is a resident in Iran, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Myanmar.It is mainly
found in the plains, but may go up to 1200 m altitude in the foothills of the Himalayas.A
survey in the late 1950s estimated about 5000 birds in the vicinity of Delhi in an area of
about 50,000 km2 giving a density of 0.1 per square kilometre.
Breeding of the species
The breeding season is February to May. The nest is loose platform of twigs not unlike that
of a crow, sometimes placed in a leafless tree. The usual clutch is three eggs, which are
white and usually unspotted. Both sexes share nest-building and feeding young; the female
alone incubates for about 19 days until the eggs hatch.
Food Habits&Behaviour of the Species
This species is usually seen soaring alone in thermals or perched still. Groups of two or three
may sometimes be seen. They have a mewing call or falling whistle (transcribed as pit-weer)
that is repeated when pairs are soaring. They are vociferous in the breeding season. They
feed mainly on locusts, grasshoppers, crickets, and other large insects, as well as mice,
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lizards, and frogs. They may also take crabs from near wetlands and have been reported to
take larger prey such as the black-naped hare (Lepus nigricollis).
Conservation and Its relationship with Humans
This species is found in agricultural habitats and scrublands near human habitations. This
species is given special attention as it is included under Schedule-I of the Wildlife Protection
Act-1972.
Probable Threats to the species
- This bird of prey prefers large trees for roosting and nesting so decreasing amount of
such trees is kind of direct threat to the species.
- They feed mainly on locusts, grasshoppers, crickets, and other large insects, as well
as mice, lizards, and frogs. Application of various pesticides can indirectly harm the
species.
- Global Warming and Air pollution can harm this species in seasonal migration and
the health of the species.
- A study of power lines in Rajasthan in 2011 found white-eyed buzzards to be the
second most common raptor killed by electrocution after kestrels.
- But there is not any serious threat has been observed in the study area.
Conservation Measures
Direct and indirect approach is required to provide effective conservation, which is
recommended as under:
- Increasing the tree cover in the study area which will provide shelter and roosting to
theWhite Eyed Buzzard. This can be achieved by planting of trees (a group of trees
that grow close together, generally without many bushes or other plants) in buffer
area. By encouraging people for plantation of some local species such as Neem,
Shirish, Khakhro, Haldu, Amli, Banyan, Peepal and Peeper or other Ficus sp.Vacant
places such as edges of agricultural fields, village Gauchar, Panchayat’s common
land, neighbourhood of people inhibiting, road side avenue tree plantation, open
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scrubs, ravines, school compounds can be selected for practicing the plantation
activity.
- Awareness programmes (community and school level) for conservation of Bird of
Preys in the study area as well as negative effects of Chemical pesticide and how it is
harmful to the food chain of such species is very essential and the same can be
achieved through organizing competitions during “Wildlife Week” and “Van
Mahotsav” celebrations by active involvement of local community.
- Some provision of rewards to informers for the control of poaching and illegal trade
in wildlife.
- Carrying out census and research projects to know the potential threats and
population status of the species in collaboration of local schools, colleges,
panchayats and forest department.
- Provision of veterinary care and cages for injured or sick deformed birds especially
during ‘Uttarayan’ – A Kite flying festival where the birds are prone to thread
injuries.
- Suggest strategies to minimize negative impacts of changing environment in nearby
area ofWhite Eyed buzzard populations and to promote conservation of habitats.
- Another way to help preserve the endangered species is to create society dedicated
to ecological ethics. All the conservation measures will be implemented with the
help of and in the consultation of the district forest department.
With the objective of effectively protecting the wild life and to control poaching, smuggling
and illegal trade in wildlife and its derivatives, the Government of India enacted Wild Life
(Protection) Act 1972. The Act was amended in January 2003 and punishment and penalty
for offences under the Act have been made more stringent.
The proponent has proposed a sum of Rs. 102500/-for the “White Eye Buzzard”
conservation plan under the following heads:
Sr. No. Work or Activity Approximate Cost. Rs.
1 Plantation-350 tree plants ( 5 feet
heightas per the plant species-Cost of
sapling will be changed per year)
52,500/-(@ 150/-per plant)
2 One awareness programme for
conservation
20,000/-
3 3 cash prizes @ 10000 in a year will
be awarded to the informer of
poachers.
30,000/-
TOTAL 1,02,500/-
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Black Kite (Milvus migrans)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Accipitriformes
Family: Accipitridae
Genus: Milvus
Species: M. migrans
Binomial name
Milvus migrans
General Description of the species
The black kite (Milvus migrans) is a medium-sized bird of prey in the family Accipitridae,
which also includes many other diurnal raptors. It is thought to be the world's most
abundant species of Accipitridae, although some populations have experienced dramatic
declines or fluctuations. Current global population estimates run up to 6 million individuals.
Unlike others of the group, black kites are opportunistic hunters and are more likely to
scavenge. They spend a lot of time soaring and gliding in thermals in search of food. Their
angled wing and distinctive forked tail make them easy to identify. They are also vociferous
with a shrill whinnying call. This kite is widely distributed through the temperate and
tropical parts of Eurasia and parts of Australasia and Oceania, with the temperate region
populations tending to be migratory. Several subspecies are recognized and formerly had
their own English names. The European populations are small, but the South Asian
population is very large.
The species is found in Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia. The temperate populations of this
kite tend to be migratory while the tropical ones are resident. European and central Asian
birds (subspecies M. m. migrans and black-eared kite M. m. lineatus, respectively) are
migratory, moving to the tropics in winter, but races in warmer regions such as the Indian
M. m. govinda (small Indian/pariah kite), or the Australasian M. m. affinis (fork-tailed kite),
are resident. In some areas such as in the United Kingdom, the black kite occurs only as a
wanderer on migration.
In India, the population of M. m. govinda is particularly large especially in areas of high
human population. Here the birds avoid heavily forested regions. A survey in 1967 in the
150 square kilometres of the city of New Delhi produced an estimate of about 2200 pairs or
roughly 15 per square kilometre. Another survey in 2013 estimated 150 pairs for every 10
square kilometres.
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Breeding of the species
The breeding season of black kites in India begins in winter (mainly January and February),
the young birds fledging before the monsoons. The nest is a rough platform of twigs and
rags placed in a tree. Nest sites may be reused in subsequent years. The nests may
sometimes be decorated with bright materials such as white plastic and a study in Spain
suggests that they may have a role in signalling to keep away other kites. After pairing, the
male frequently copulates with the female. Unguarded females may be approached by
other males, and extra pair copulations are frequent. Males returning from a foraging trip
will frequently copulate on return, as this increases the chances of his sperm fertilizing the
eggs rather than a different male. Both the male and female take part in nest building,
incubation and care of chicks. The typical clutch size is 2 or sometimes 3 eggs. The
incubation period varies from 30–34 days. Chicks of the Indian population stayed at the nest
for nearly two months. Chicks hatched later in European populations appeared to fledge
faster. The care of young by the parents also rapidly decreased with the need for adults to
migrate. Siblings show aggression to each other and often the weaker chick may be killed,
but parent birds were found to preferentially feed the smaller chicks in experimentally
altered nests. Newly hatched young have down (prepennae) which are sepia on the back
and black around the eye and buff on the head, neck and underparts. This is replaced by
brownish-gray second down (preplumulae). After 9–12 days, the second down appears on
the whole body except the top of the head. Body feathers begin to appear after 18 to 22
days. The feathers on the head become noticeable from the 24th to 29th day. The nestlings
initially feed on food fallen at the bottom of the nest and begin to tear flesh after 33–39
days. They are able to stand on their legs after 17–19 days and begin flapping their wings
after 27–31 days. After 50 days, they begin to move to branches next to the nest. Birds are
able to breed after their second year. Parent birds guard their nest and will dive aggressively
at intruders. Humans who intrude the nest appear to be recognized by birds and singled out
for dive attacks.
Food Habits & Behaviour of the Species
Black kites are most often seen gliding and soaring on thermals as they search for food. The
flight is buoyant and the bird glides with ease, changing directions easily. They will swoop
down with their legs lowered to snatch small live prey, fish, household refuse and carrion,
for which behaviour they are known in British military slang as the shite-hawk. They are
opportunist hunters and have been known to take birds, bats, and rodents. They are
attracted to smoke and fires, where they seek escaping prey. Black kites in Spain prey on
nestling waterfowl especially during summer to feed their young. Predation of nests of
other pairs of black kites has also been noted. Kites have also been seen to tear and carry
away the nests of baya weavers in an attempt to obtain eggs or chicks.
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Conservation and Its relationship with Humans
This species is very commonly found in human settlements as well as around agricultural
habitats and scrublands near human habitations. This species is given special attention as it
is included under Schedule-I of the Wildlife Protection Act-1972.
The Indian populations are well adapted to living in cities and are found in densely
populated areas. Large numbers may be seen soaring in thermals over cities. In some places,
they will readily swoop and snatch food held by humans. The birds avoid heavily forested
regions. A survey in 1967 in the 150 square kilometres of the city of New Delhi produced an
estimate of about 2200 pairs or roughly 15 per square kilometre. Another survey in 2013
estimated 150 pairs for every 10 square kilometres.
Probable Threats to the species
- Black kites often perch on electric wires and are frequent victims of electrocution.
- Their habit of swooping to pick up dead rodents or other roadkill leads to collisions with
vehicles.
- Instances of mass poisoning as a result of feeding on poisoned pests in agricultural
fields.
- As a large raptorial bird, the black kite has few natural predators. However, they do have
a single serious predator: the Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo).
- Like most bird species, they have parasites, several species of endoparasitic trematodes
are known and some Digenea species that are transmitted via fishes.
- In this study area there are no such threats have been observed for this species.
Conservation Measures
Direct and indirect approach is required to provide effective conservation, which is
recommended as under:
- Increasing the tree cover in the study area which will provide shelter and roosting to
the Black Kite. This can be achieved by planting of trees (a group of trees that grow
close together, generally without many bushes or other plants) in buffer area. By
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encouraging people for plantation of some local species such as Neem, Shirish,
Khakhro, Haldu, Amli, Banyan, Peepal and Peeper or other Ficus sp. Vacant places
such as edges of agricultural fields, village Gauchar, Panchayat’s common land,
neighbourhood of people inhibiting, road side avenue tree plantation, open scrubs,
ravines, school compounds can be selected for practicing the plantation activity.
- Awareness programmes (community and school level) for conservation of Bird of
Preys in the study area as well as negative effects of Chemical pesticide and how it is
harmful to the food chain of such species is very essential and the same can be
achieved through organizing competitions during “Wildlife Week” and “Van
Mahotsav” celebrations by active involvement of local community.
- Some provision of rewards to informers for the control of poaching and illegal trade
in wildlife.
- Carrying out census and research projects to know the potential threats and
population status of the species in collaboration of local schools, colleges,
panchayats and forest department.
- Provision of veterinary care and cages for injured or sick deformed birds especially
during ‘Uttarayan’ – A Kite flying festival where the birds are prone to thread
injuries.
- Suggest strategies to minimize negative impacts of changing environment in nearby
area ofBlack Kite populations and to promote conservation of habitats.
- Another way to help preserve the endangered species is to create society dedicated
to ecological ethics. All the conservation measures will be implemented with the
help of and in the consultation of the district forest department.
With the objective of effectively protecting the wild life and to control poaching, smuggling
and illegal trade in wildlife and its derivatives, the Government of India enacted Wild Life
(Protection) Act 1972. The Act was amended in January 2003 and punishment and penalty
for offences under the Act have been made more stringent.
The proponent has proposed a sum of Rs. 102500/-for the “Black Kite” conservation plan
under the following heads:
Sr. No. Work or Activity Approximate Cost. Rs.
1 Plantation-350 tree plants (5 feet heightas
per the plant species-Cost of sapling will
be changed per year)
52,500/-(@ 150/-per plant)
2 One awareness programme for
conservation
20,000/-
3 3 cash prizes @ 10000 in a year will be
awarded to the informer of poachers.
30,000/-
TOTAL 1,02,500/-
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Shikra (Accipiter badius)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Accipitriformes
Family: Accipitridae
Genus: Accipiter
Species: A. badius
Binomial name
Accipiter badius
General Description of the species
The shikra (Accipiter badius) is a small bird of prey in the family Accipitridae found widely
distributed in Asia and Africa where it is also called the little banded goshawk. The African
forms may represent a separate species but have usually been considered as subspecies of
the shikra. The shikra is very similar in appearance to other sparrow hawk species including
the Chinese goshawk and Eurasian sparrowhawk. They have a sharp two note call and have
the typical flap and glide flight. Their calls are imitated by drongos and the common hawk-
cuckoo resembles it in plumage.
The shikra is a small raptor (26–30 cm long) and like most other Accipiter hawks, this species
has short rounded wings and a narrow and somewhat long tail. Adults are whitish on the
underside with fine rufous bars while the upperparts are grey. The lower belly is less barred
and the thighs are whitish. Males have a red iris while the females have a less red (yellowish
orange) iris and brownish upperparts apart from heavier barring on the underparts. The
females are slightly larger. The mesial stripe on the throat is dark but narrow. In flight the
male seen from below shows a light wing lining (underwing coverts) and has blackish wing
tips. When seen from above the tail bands are faintly marked on the lateral tail feathers and
not as strongly marked as in the Eurasian sparrowhawk. The central tail feathers are
unbanded and only have a dark terminal band. Juveniles have dark streaks and spots on the
upper breast and the wing is narrowly barred while the tail has dark but narrow bands. A
post juvenile transitional plumage is found with very strong barring on the contour feathers
of the underside. The call is pee-wee, the first note being higher and the second being
longer. In flight the calls are shorter and sharper kik-ki ... kik-ki. The Chinese sparrowhawk is
somewhat similar in appearance but has swollen bright orange ceres and yellow legs with
the wing tips entirely black.
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Breeding of the species
The breeding season in India is in summer from March to June. The nest is a platform similar
to that of crows lined with grass. Both sexes help build the nest, twigs being carried in their
feet. Like crows, they may also make use of metal wires. The usual clutch is 3 to 4 eggs
(when eggs are removed they lay replacements and one observer noted that they could lay
as many as 7 in a season) which are pale bluish grey stippled on the broad end in black. The
incubation period is 18 to 21 days.
Food Habits & Behaviour of the Species
The Shikra is found in a range of habitats including forests, farmland and urban areas. They
are usually seen singly or in pairs. The flight is typical with flaps and glides. During the
breeding season pairs will soar on thermals and stoop at each other. Their flight usually
draws alarms among smaller birds and squirrels. They feed on rodents (including Meriones
hurrianae), squirrels, small birds, small reptiles (mainly lizards but sometimes small snakes)
and insects. Small birds usually dive through foliage to avoid a Shikra and a Small Blue
Kingfisher has been observed diving into water to escape. Babblers have been observed to
rally together to drive away a Shikra. They will descend to the ground to feast on emerging
winged termites, hunt at dusk for small bats (such as Cynopterus sphinx) and in rare
instances they may even resort to feed on carrion. In one instance a male was found feeding
on a dead chick at the nest. Their calls are mimicked by drongos and this behaviour is
thought to aid in stealing food by alarming other birds that the drongos associate with.
Conservation and Its relationship with Humans
This species is very commonly found in human settlements as well as around agricultural
habitats and scrublands near human habitations. This species is given special attention as it
is included under Schedule-I of the Wildlife Protection Act-1972.The Shikra was a favourite
among falconers in India and Pakistan due to the ease with it could be trained and was
frequently used to procure food for the more prized falcons. They were noted for their pluck
and ability to take much larger birds including partridges, crows and even young peafowl.
The word shikra or shikara means hunter in the Hindi language (the male was called chipak
or chipka based on call) the word Shikra is borrowed from the Urdu word which is derived
from the word shikari meaning hunter. Hunting in Persian is referred to as shikar and in
Arabic the hunt master in the Mameluke era was known as Ameer Shikar. The word Shikari
may also be used in English in the sense of "hunter". An Indian Navyhelicopter base was
named INS Shikra in 2009. The shikra is also the mascot for the 149 Squadron of the
Republic of Singapore Air Force, which operates the F5S/T Tiger IIs fighter jets
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Probable Threats to the species
- The Shikra was a favourite among falconers in India and Pakistan due to the ease with it
could be trained and was frequently used to procure food for the more prized falcons, so
sometimes the illegal trade can be happen for the species.
- Shikra often perch on electric wires and are frequent victims of electrocution.
- Their habit of swooping to pick up dead rodents or other roadkill leads to collisions with
vehicles.
- Instances of mass poisoning as a result of feeding on poisoned pests in agricultural
fields.
Conservation Measures
Direct and indirect approach is required to provide effective conservation, which is
recommended as under:
- Increasing the tree cover in the study area which will provide shelter and roosting to
theShikra. This can be achieved by planting of trees (a group of trees that grow close
together, generally without many bushes or other plants) in buffer area. By
encouraging people for plantation of some local species such as Neem, Shirish,
Khakhro, Haldu, Amli, Banyan, Peepal and Peeper or other Ficus sp.Vacant places
such as edges of agricultural fields, village Gauchar, Panchayat’s common land,
neighbourhood of people inhibiting, road side avenue tree plantation, open scrubs,
ravines, school compounds can be selected for practicing the plantation activity.
- Awareness programmes (community and school level) for conservation of Bird of
Preys in the study area as well as negative effects of Chemical pesticide and how it is
harmful to the food chain of such species is very essential and the same can be
achieved through organizing competitions during “Wildlife Week” and “Van
Mahotsav” celebrations by active involvement of local community.
- Some provision of rewards to informers for the control of poaching and illegal trade
in wildlife.
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- Carrying out census and research projects to know the potential threats and
population status of the species in collaboration of local schools, colleges,
panchayats and forest department.
- Provision of veterinary care and cages for injured or sick deformed birds especially
during ‘Uttarayan’ – A Kite flying festival where the birds are prone to thread
injuries.
- Suggest strategies to minimize negative impacts of changing environment in nearby
area of Shikra populations and to promote conservation of habitats.
- Another way to help preserve the endangered species is to create society dedicated
to ecological ethics. All the conservation measures will be implemented with the
help of and in the consultation of the district forest department.
- With the objective of effectively protecting the wild life and to control poaching,
smuggling and illegal trade in wildlife and its derivatives, the Government of India
enacted Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972. The Act was amended in January 2003 and
punishment and penalty for offences under the Act have been made more stringent.
The proponent has proposed a sum of Rs. 102500/-for the “Shikra” conservation plan under
the following heads:
Sr. No. Work or Activity Approximate Cost. Rs.
1 Plantation-350 tree plants (5 feet heightas
per the plant species-Cost of sapling will
be changed per year)
52,500/-(@ 150/-per plant)
2 One awareness programme for
conservation
20,000/-
3 3 cash prizes @ 10000 in a year will be
awarded to the informer of poachers.
30,000/-
TOTAL 1,02,500/-
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Short Toed Snake Eagle (Circaetus gallicus)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Accipitriformes
Family: Accipitridae
Genus: Circaetus
Species: C. gallicus
Binomial name
Circaetus gallicus
General Description of the species
The short-toed snake eagle (Circaetus gallicus), also known as short-toed eagle, is a
medium-sized bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes many other diurnal
raptors such as kites, buzzards and harriers. The genus name Circaetus is from the Ancient
Greekkirkos, a type of hawk, and aetos, "eagle". The specific gallicus means "of Gaul".
This is an Old World species found throughout the Mediterranean basin, into Russia and the
Middle East, and parts of Asia, mainly in the Indian Subcontinent and also further east in
some Indonesian islands. The short-toed snake eagle is found in open cultivated plains, arid
stony deciduous scrub areas and foothills and semi-desert areas. It requires trees for nesting
and open habitats, such as cultivations and grasslands for foraging.
Adults are 62–67 cm (2 ft 0 in–2 ft 2 in) long with a 170–185 cm (5 ft 7 in–6 ft 1 in) wingspan
and weigh 1.2–2.3 kg (2.6–5.1 lb). They can be recognised in the field by their
predominantly white underside, the upper parts being greyish brown. The chin, throat and
upper breast are a pale, earthy brown. The tail has 3 or 4 bars. Additional indications are an
owl-like rounded head, brightly yellow eyes and lightly barred under wing.
The short-toed snake eagle spends more time on the wing than do most members of its
genus. It favours soaring over hill slopes and hilltops on updraughts, and it does much of its
hunting from this position at heights of up to 500 m (1,600 ft). When quartering open
country it frequently hovers like a kestrel. When it soars it does so on flattish wings.
Breeding of the species
This eagle is generally very silent. On occasions, it emits a variety of musical whistling notes.
When breeding, it lays only one egg. It can live up to 17 years.
The short-toed snake eagle has suffered a steep decline in numbers and range in Europe and
is now rare and still decreasing in several countries due to changes in agriculture and land
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use. It needs protection. In the middle and far eastern part of its range, this species is not
yet threatened.
Food Habits & Behaviour of the Species
Its prey is mostly reptiles, mainly snakes, but also some lizards. Sometimes they become
entangled with larger snakes and battle on the ground. Occasionally, they prey on small
mammals up to the size of a rabbit, and rarely birds and large insects.
Conservation and Its relationship with Humans
In his description of the species, Buffon says that he kept one of these eagles in captivity
and observed its behaviour. The captive bird ate mice and frogs, and he states that the Jean-
de-blanc was well known by French farmers for raiding poultry. It also helps humans
especially in agriculture sector by preying upon so called pests such as Rats and Mice and
reduces its adverse effect on seed storage.
Probable Threats to the species
- Short toed Snake Eagle often perch on electric wires and are frequent victims of
electrocution.
- Their habit of swooping to pick up dead rodents or other roadkill leads to collisions with
vehicles.
- Instances of mass poisoning as a result of feeding on poisoned pests in agricultural
fields.
Conservation Measures
Direct and indirect approach is required to provide effective conservation, which is
recommended as under:
- Increasing the tree cover in the study area which will provide shelter and roosting to
theShort toed Snake Eagle. This can be achieved by planting of trees (a group of
trees that grow close together, generally without many bushes or other plants) in
buffer area. By encouraging people for plantation of some local species such as
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Neem, Shirish, Khakhro, Haldu, Amli, Banyan, Peepal and Peeper or other Ficus sp.
Vacant places such as edges of agricultural fields, village Gauchar, Panchayat’s
common land, neighbourhood of people inhibiting, road side avenue tree plantation,
open scrubs, ravines, school compounds can be selected for practicing the plantation
activity.
- Awareness programmes (community and school level) for conservation of Bird of
Preys in the study area as well as negative effects of Chemical pesticide and how it is
harmful to the food chain of such species is very essential and the same can be
achieved through organizing competitions during “Wildlife Week” and “Van
Mahotsav” celebrations by active involvement of local community.
- Some provision of rewards to informers for the control of poaching and illegal trade
in wildlife.
- Carrying out census and research projects to know the potential threats and
population status of the species in collaboration of local schools, colleges,
panchayats and forest department.
- Provision of veterinary care and cages for injured or sick deformed birds especially
during ‘Uttarayan’ – A Kite flying festival where the birds are prone to thread
injuries.
- Suggest strategies to minimize negative impacts of changing environment in nearby
area of Short toed Snake Eagle populations and to promote conservation of habitats.
- Another way to help preserve the endangered species is to create society dedicated
to ecological ethics. All the conservation measures will be implemented with the
help of and in the consultation of the district forest department.
- With the objective of effectively protecting the wild life and to control poaching,
smuggling and illegal trade in wildlife and its derivatives, the Government of India
enacted Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972. The Act was amended in January 2003 and
punishment and penalty for offences under the Act have been made more stringent.
The proponent has proposed a sum of Rs. 102500/-for the “Short Toed Snake Eagle
” conservation plan under the following heads:
Sr. No Work or Activity Approximate Cost. Rs.
1 Plantation-350 tree plants (5 feet heightas
per the plant species-Cost of sapling will
be changed per year)
52,500/-(@ 150/-per plant)
2 One awareness programme for
conservation
20,000/-
3 3 cash prizes @ 10000 in a year will be
awarded to the informer of poachers.
30,000/-
TOTAL 1,02,500/-
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Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus)
Classification
Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Aves
Order : Galliformes
Family : Phasianidae
Genus : Pavo
Species : Pavo cristatus
Common Name : Indian Peafowl
Vernacular Name : Mor
General Description of the species
Peacock or Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) is a familiar and universally known large
pheasant. It is the National Bird of India. The term “Peacock” is commonly used to refer to
birds of both sexes. Technically, only males are Peacock, females are Peahens and together
they are called Peafowl.The male has a spectacular glossy green long tail feathers that may
be more than 60 percent of the bird’s total body length. These feathers have blue, golden
green and copper colored ocelli (eyes). The long tail feathers are used for mating rituals like
courtship displays. The feathers are arched into a magnificent fan shaped form across the
back of the bird and almost touching the found on both sides. Females do not have these
graceful tail feathers. They have the fan like crest with whitish face and throat, chestnut
brown crown and hind neck, metallic green upper breast and mantle, white belly and
brownback rump and tail. Their primaries are dark brown.
Life Cycle of the species
Call: Kee-ow, Kee- ow, Kee-ow, Ka- an, Ka- an, Ka- an, Kok- kok, Kok- kok, cain- kok
Breeding: April – September
Nest site: On ground in undergrowth (wild) on buildings by semi- feral birds in villages, they
also prefer Old Houses, Kachcha Houses
Average Body length: 180-230 cm
Average Weight: 2750-6000 gm
Habitat: Agricultural fields, Rural Settlements, Ravines, Tall trees for Roosting, Open Scrubs
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Behaviour of the Species
Peacocks are gregarious by nature. In the breeding season they are usually seen in small
parties of one male with three to five females whereas in the non-breeding season they
remain in separate parties of adult males and females with juveniles. Peacocks roost in tall
trees and emerge from the dense thickets to feed in fields and openings in forests and
fields.
Food Habits
Peacocks are ground feeders and omnivores in nature. Indian peafowl’s do most of their
foraging early in the morning and shortly before sunset. They retreat to the shade and
security of the trees for the hottest portion of the day. They make a meal of grains, berries
drupes wild figs and some cultivated crops. They can also eat insects, reptiles especially
snakes and small mammals.
Present study area have open agriculture fields surrounded with rural settlements where
peafowl can easily find the seeds such as grains, pulses etc. as well as plant parts, flower
petals, seed heads, insects and other arthropods, reptiles and amphibians very easily and
due to this easy availability of food they inhibits in the region and also reproduces easily.
Conservation and Its relationship with Humans
Indian peafowl is a very common and popular throughout the region due to its beautiful
appearance so as its popularity and so Indian peafowl has ensured its protection through
most of its native ranges. Having an importance as National Bird this species is well
conserved throughout the region. The Indian peafowl is prominent in the Indian mythology
and folklore of the Indian people. The majority of the people inhibiting are belongs to Hindu
religion in which the bird is considered sacred because of its association with Lord Krishna as
their identical feature of appearance was from Peacock feather Crown (Mor Mokut). It is
also associated with the God Kartikeya, Son of the Lord Shiva and Parvati and brother of
Lord Ganesh who was having Indian Peafowl as his own vehicle (Vahan).
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Present survey of the peafowl in the buffer zone of the project site cleared that; peafowl is
using both, village adjacent habitats, agricultural habitats, scrub-forest habitats of the buffer
zone as well as the study area. However, the following points can give an insight on the
overall status of peafowl in the study area and thereby plan for better management
strategies related to proposed project activities. People of the surveyed villages were well
aware of the habits and habitats of peafowl in the study area. Moreover, local people are
against to hunting and poaching of the peacocks. In the buffer zone, peafowl uses
agriculture (adjacent to village) and scrubland-forest habitats as a feeding and breeding
ground. Some of the peacocks are taking shelter in the inside of the village as well as
adjacent habitats. It clearly indicated that, peafowl normally uses human associated and
natural habitats. Form above study, it has been visualized that, the proposed project will not
have any significant impact on peacock in terms of their normal movements and other
activities as the species is familiar among the people in the region and the status of it is
increasing eventually. However, it is necessity to take some management optionslike habitat
improvement in the villages located in the vicinity of the project site. So, habitat
improvement programme (plantation of local plant species) will be undertaken indifferent
villages located in the close vicinity of the project area. Under this programme saplings will
be distributed in the nearby villages with the consultation of the local forest department.
This program will provide trees for shelter to the species in near future which will contribute
for effective species conservation.
Probable Threats to the species
- Habitat loss, due to rapid growth of development in rural as well as agricultural sector
results in the shortage of tall trees in and around the villages which plays essential role
for roosting for the species. They also plays vital role by providing shelter during hot
summer months.
- Shortage of drinking water for the birds during the hot summer days. As there are very
few perennial water resources present in the study area.
- Casualties’ causes by eating chemically treated as well as contaminated agricultural crop
seeds.
- Illegal hunting by some communities in the study area, all the villages surveyed are
against hunting or poaching of the people and not found any such activity promoted in
this region.
- Peacock conservation plan has to address above listed threats.
Conservation Measures
Direct and indirect approach is required to provide effective conservation, which is
recommended as under:
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1. Increasing the tree cover in the study area which will provide shelter and roosting to the
peacocks. This can be achieved by planting of trees (a group of trees that grow close
together, generally without many bushes or other plants) in buffer area. By encouraging
people for plantation of some local species such as Neem, Shirish, Khakhro, Haldu, Amli,
Banyan, Peepal and Peeper or other Ficus sp. Vacant places such as edges of agricultural
fields, village Gauchar, Panchayat’s common land, neighbourhood of people inhibiting,
road side avenue tree plantation, open scrubs, ravines, school compounds can be
selected for practicing the plantation activity.
2. Awareness programmes (community and school level) for conservation of peacocks in
the study area and also through organizing competitions during “Wildlife Week” and
“Van Mahotsav” celebrations by active involvement of local community.
3. Some provision of rewards to informers for the control of poaching and illegal trade in
wildlife.
4. Carrying out census and research projects to know the potential threats and population
status of the species in collaboration of local schools, colleges, panchayats and forest
department.
5. Provision of veterinary care and cages for injured or sick deformed birds especially
during ‘Uttarayan’ – A Kite flying festival where the birds are prone to thread injuries.
6. Suggest strategies to minimize negative impacts of changing environment in nearby area
of peacock populations and to promote conservation of peacock habitats.
7. Another way to help preserve the endangered species is to create society dedicated to
ecological ethics. All the conservation measures will be implemented with the help of
and in the consultation of the district forest department.
8. With the objective of effectively protecting the wild life and to control poaching,
smuggling and illegal trade in wildlife and its derivatives, the Government of India
enacted Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972. The Act was amended in January 2003 and
punishment and penalty for offences under the Act have been made more stringent.
The proponent has proposed a sum of Rs. 202500/-for the “Peacock” conservation plan
under the following heads:
Sr. No Work or Activity Approximate Cost. Rs.
1 Plantation-350 tree plants (5 feet heightas per
the plant species-Cost of sapling will be changed
per year)
52,500/-(@ 150/-per
plant)
2 Small water tank or tanka –20 in number @
5000/-per tank
1,00,000/-
3 One awareness programme for “Peacock”
conservation
20,000/-
4 3 cash prizes @ 10000 in a year will be awarded 30,000/-
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to the informer of poachers.
TOTAL 202500/-
Black Shouldered Kite (Elanus axillaris)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Accipitriformes
Family: Accipitridae
Genus: Elanus
Species: E. axillaris
Binomial name
Elanus axillaris
General Description of the species
The black-shouldered kite (Elanus axillaris), also known as the Australian black-shouldered
kite, is a small raptor found in open habitat throughout Australia. It resembles similar
species found in Africa, Eurasia and North America, including the black-winged kite, a
species that has in the past also been called "black-shouldered kite". Measuring around
35 cm (14 in) in length with a wingspan of 80–100 cm (31–39 in), the adult black-shouldered
kite has predominantly grey-white plumage and prominent black markings above its red
eyes. It gains its name from the black patches on its wings. The primary call is a clear
whistle, uttered in flight and while hovering. It can be confused with the related letter-
winged kite in Australia, which is distinguished by the striking black markings under its
wings.
The adult black-shouldered kite is around 35 cm (14 in) in length, with a wingspan of
between 80 and 100 cm (31 and 39 in). The female is slightly heavier, weighing on average
around 300 g (11 oz) compared to the male's average weight of 260 g (9.2 oz). The sexes
have similar plumage. The crown, neck and upperparts are pale grey, while the head and
underparts are white. A black comma-shaped marking lies in front of and stretches over and
behind the eye, which is deep red and surrounded by a black orbital ring. The leading edge
of the outer wing is black. When perched, this gives the species its prominent black
"shoulders". The central rectrices of the tail are pale grey, while the rest of the tail feathers
are white. The bill is short with a sharp, hooked tip to the upper mandible. Its nostrils and
the cere are bright or dull yellow and the bill is black. The legs and feet are also yellow or
golden-yellow, and the feet have three toes facing forwards and one toe facing backwards.
The juvenile has a white forehead and chin and rusty brown neck, nape and breast with
darker streaks. The back and wings are mottled buff or brown. There is a less distinctive
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dark shoulder patch, but a larger comma-shaped patch over the eyes. The eyes themselves
are dark brown. The bill is black with a horn-coloured cere.
Black-shouldered kites spiral into the wind like a kestrel. They soar with v-shaped up-curved
wings, the primaries slightly spread and the tail widely fanned, giving the tail a squarer
appearance and visible 'fingers' on the wings. In level flight progress is rather indirect. Their
flight pattern has been described as 'winnowing' with soft steady beats interspersed with
long glides on angled wings. They can most often be seen hovering with wings curved and
tail pointing down.
The black-shouldered kite is very similar to the related letter-winged kite (E. scriptus), but
has the black mark above and behind the eye, a white rather than grey crown, and shows
all-white underparts in flight except for the black markings on the shoulder, dark wingtips,
and a small black patch on the underwing. It is slightly larger than the nankeen kestrel (Falco
cenchroides). The latter species lacks wing markings and has pale brown plumage. It keeps
its wings level when soaring, and has a faster wingbeat when hovering. The grey falcon
(Falco hypoleucos) has somewhat similar coloration to the black-shouldered kite but is
bulkier and heavier overall and lacks the black markings. Its wings are barred and it preys on
birds. The grey goshawk (Accipiter novaehollandiae) has wider more rounded wings,
underwing markings and glides with lowered wings.
Black-shouldered kites may be sedentary or nomadic, and are generally found in open
grasslands or valleys where there are scattered clumps of trees, where the grass or
groundcover is accessible from the air and ranges from 30 cm to 1.5 m (1–3 ft) high. As well
as native grasslands they forage over pastures, cereal or vegetable crops and vineyards,
often focusing on areas that have been recently harvested or ploughed and hence rendering
prey more exposed. In urban areas they are encountered on the edge of towns on
wasteland, irregularly mown areas, sports fields, golf courses or grassy roadside verges.
They also hunt over coastal dunes and drier marshland, but avoid areas with dense cover
such as forest as well as bare or rocky ground.
Breeding of the species
The breeding season is usually August to January, but is responsive to mice populations, and
some pairs breed twice in a good season. Both sexes collect material for the nest but the
female alone builds it. A large untidy shallow cup of sticks usually in the foliage near the top
of trees, the nest takes anywhere from two to six weeks to be built. It is constructed of thin
twigs and is around 28 to 38 cm (11 to 15 in) across when newly built, but growing to
around 78 cm (31 in) across and 58 cm (23 in) deep after repeated use. The nest is lined
with green leaves and felted fur, though linings of grass and cow dung have also been
reported. It is generally located in the canopy of an isolated or exposed tree in open
country, elevated 5 to 20 m (16 to 66 ft) or more above the ground.
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Females perform most of the care of eggs and nestlings, though males take a minor share of
incubation and brooding. The clutch consists of three to four dull white eggs of a tapered
oval shape measuring 42 mm × 31 mm (1.7 in × 1.2 in) and with red-brown blotches that are
often heavier around the larger end of the egg. The eggs are laid at intervals of two to five
days. The female incubates the eggs for 30 days and when the eggs hatch the chicks are
helpless but have soft down covering their body. For the first two weeks or so the female
broods the chicks constantly, both day and night. She does no hunting at all for the first
three weeks after hatching, but calls to the male from the nest, and he generally responds
by bringing food. The female feeds the chicks with the mice brought back to the nest by the
male, feeding them in tiny pieces for the first week or two, at which time the chicks are
capable of swallowing a mouse whole. The nestling period lasts around 36 days, and the
post-fledging period at least 36 days with parental feeding for at least 22 days. When the
chicks are older both parents take it in turns to feed them. Black feathers start to appear
along the chicks' wings when they are about a fortnight old, and they are fully fledged and
are ready to fly in five weeks. Within a week of leaving the nest the young birds are capable
of hunting for mice on their own.
Food Habits & Behaviour of the Species
The black-shouldered kite has become a specialist predator of the introduced house mouse,
often following outbreaks of mouse plagues in rural areas. It takes other suitably-sized
creatures when available, including grasshoppers, rats, small reptiles, birds, and even (very
rarely) rabbits, but mice and other mouse-sized mammals account for over 90% of its diet.
Its influence on mouse populations is probably significant; adults take two or three mice a
day each if they can, around a thousand mice a year. On one occasion, a male was observed
bringing no less than 14 mice to a nest of well-advanced fledglings within an hour.
Like other elanid kites, the black-shouldered kite hunts by quartering grasslands for small
creatures. This can be from a perch, but more often by hovering in mid-air. It is diurnal,
preferring to hunt during the day, particularly in the early morning and mid to late
afternoon, and occasionally hunt in pairs. Its hunting pattern, outside breeding periods and
periods of abundant prey, has distinct crepuscular peaks, perhaps corresponding to mouse
activity. When hunting, the kite hovers with its body hanging almost vertically, and its head
into the wind. When a mouse or other prey is spotted, the kite drops silently onto it, feet-
first with wings raised high; sometimes in one long drop to ground level, more often in two
or more stages, with hovering pauses at intermediate heights. Prey is seized in the talons
and about 75% of attacks are successful. Prey can either be eaten in flight or carried back to
a perch. Birds will have a favoured feeding perch, beneath which accumulate piles of pellets
or castings.
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Conservation and Its relationship with Humans
This raptor is most commonly seen raptor mainly in agricultural and scrubland habitat of the
Gujarat as well as the study area. The maximum area is covered with agricultural fields and
this species of raptor consumes the field mice, rats and other such animals which are easily
available in agricultural habitat as well as in rural areas. Hence it is very well associated with
human habitations. People inhibiting in the study area are also very well aware as they are
getting benefitted by this bird as it acts as natural pest control. In India this bird is given to
special attention by including it under Schedule –I in Wildlife Protection Act-1972.
Probable Threats to the species
- Black Shouldered Kiteoften perch on electric wires and are frequent victims of
electrocution.
- Their habit of swooping to pick up dead rodents or other roadkill leads to collisions with
vehicles.
- Instances of mass poisoning as a result of feeding on poisoned pests in agricultural
fields.
Conservation Measures
Direct and indirect approach is required to provide effective conservation, which is
recommended as under:
- Increasing the tree cover in the study area which will provide shelter and roosting to
theBlack Shouldered Kite. This can be achieved by planting of trees (a group of trees
that grow close together, generally without many bushes or other plants) in buffer
area. By encouraging people for plantation of some local species such as Neem,
Shirish, Khakhro, Haldu, Amli, Banyan, Peepal and Peeper or other Ficus sp.Vacant
places such as edges of agricultural fields, village Gauchar, Panchayat’s common
land, neighbourhood of people inhibiting, road side avenue tree plantation, open
scrubs, ravines, school compounds can be selected for practicing the plantation
activity.
- Awareness programmes (community and school level) for conservation of Bird of
Preys in the study area as well as negative effects of Chemical pesticide and how it is
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harmful to the food chain of such species is very essential and the same can be
achieved through organizing competitions during “Wildlife Week” and “Van
Mahotsav” celebrations by active involvement of local community.
- Some provision of rewards to informers for the control of poaching and illegal trade
in wildlife.
- Carrying out census and research projects to know the potential threats and
population status of the species in collaboration of local schools, colleges,
panchayats and forest department.
- Provision of veterinary care and cages for injured or sick deformed birds especially
during ‘Uttarayan’ – A Kite flying festival where the birds are prone to thread
injuries.
- Suggest strategies to minimize negative impacts of changing environment in nearby
area ofBlack Shouldered Kite populations and to promote conservation of habitats.
- Another way to help preserve the endangered species is to create society dedicated
to ecological ethics. All the conservation measures will be implemented with the
help of and in the consultation of the district forest department.
- With the objective of effectively protecting the wild life and to control poaching,
smuggling and illegal trade in wildlife and its derivatives, the Government of India
enacted Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972. The Act was amended in January 2003 and
punishment and penalty for offences under the Act have been made more stringent.
The proponent has proposed a sum of Rs. 102500/-for the “Black Shoulder Kite”
conservation plan under the following heads:
Sr. No Work or Activity Approximate Cost. Rs.
1 Plantation-350 tree plants (5 feet
heightas per the plant species-Cost of
sapling will be changed per year)
52,500/-(@ 150/-per plant)
2 One awareness programme for
conservation
20,000/-
3 3 cash prizes @ 10000 in a year will
be awarded to the informer of
poachers.
30,000/-
TOTAL 1,02,500/-
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Indian Python (Python molurus)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Pythonidae
Genus: Python
Species: P. molurus
Binomial name
Python molurus
(Linnaeus, 1758)
General Description of the species
The rock python's colour pattern is whitish or yellowish with the blotched patterns varying
from tan to dark brown shades. This varies with terrain and habitat. Specimens from the hill
forests of Western Ghats and Assam are darker, while those from the Deccan Plateau and
Eastern Ghats are usually lighter. Indian pythons commonly reach a length of 2.4–3.0 m
(7.9–9.8 ft.). It lives in a wide range of habitats, including grasslands, swamps, marshes,
rocky foothills, woodlands, open forest, and river valleys. It needs a permanent source of
water. It hides in abandoned mammal burrows, hollow trees, dense water reeds, and
mangrove thickets.
Behaviour of the Species
Lethargic and slow moving even in their native habitat, they exhibit timidity and rarely try to
attack even when attacked. Locomotion is usually with the body moving in a straight line, by
"walking on its ribs". They are excellent swimmers and are quite at home in water. They can
be wholly submerged in water for many minutes if necessary, but usually prefer to remain
near the bank.
Food Habits
Like all snakes, Indian pythons are strict carnivores and feed on mammals, birds, and reptiles
indiscriminately, but seem to prefer mammals. Roused to activity on sighting prey, the
snake advances with a quivering tail and lunges with an open mouth. Live prey is constricted
and killed. One or two coils are used to hold it in a tight grip. The prey, unable to breathe,
succumbs and is subsequently swallowed head first. After a heavy meal, they are disinclined
to move. If forced to, hard parts of the meal may tear through the body. Therefore, if
disturbed, some specimens disgorge their meal to escape from potential predators. After a
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heavy meal, an individual may fast for weeks, the longest recorded duration being 2 years.
The python can swallow prey bigger than its diameter because the jaw bones are not
connected. Moreover, prey cannot escape from its mouth because of the arrangement of
the teeth (which are reverse saw-like).
Reproduction
Oviparous, up to 100 eggs are laid by a female, which she protects and incubates. Towards
this end, they are capable of raising their body temperature above the ambient level
through muscular contractions. The hatchlings are 45–60 cm (18–24 in) in length and grow
quickly. An artificial incubation method using climate-controlled environmental chambers
was developed in India for successfully raising hatchlings from abandoned or unattended
eggs.
Conservation and Its relationship with Humans
The Indian python is classified as lower risk – Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of
Threatened Species.The Indian Python is given conservation through Wildlife Protection Act
1972 as it is under Schedule – I species of importance. As the species is Lethargic and Slow
moving, people used to keep it as pet from historic times. Earlier this species was under
threat as its body parts such as Bones, Skin and Testicles was illegally traded and used for
traditional medicines as well as other items manufacturing such as Lather items. People in
the study area are very much aware of this species and usually no one kills this species when
it comes to accidental encounter with one another. People call officials of forest department
for rescue of it rather than killing by themselves.
Probable Threats to the species
- Habitat loss, due to rapid growth of development in rural as well as agricultural sector
results in the shortage of natural habitats.
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- Shortage of water sources the hot summer days as the Python prefers to live nearby a
water body. As there are very few perennial water resources present in the study area.
- Casualties’ causes by road accidents or by accidental encounter with community
inhibiting.
- Illegal hunting by some communities In the study area, all the villages surveyed are
against hunting or poaching of the people and not found any such activity promoted in
this region.
Conservation Measures
Direct and indirect approach is required to provide effective conservation, which is
recommended as under:
1. Increasing the tree cover in the study area which will provide habitat and roosting to
the small birds, small mammals and other reptiles which can be important part of
food chain of Indian Python. This can be achieved by planting of trees (a group of
trees that grow close together, generally without many bushes or other plants) in
buffer area. By encouraging people for plantation of some local species such as
Neem, Shirish, Khakhro, Haldu, Amli, Banyan, Peepal and Peeper or other Ficus sp.
Vacant places such as edges of agricultural fields, village Gauchar, Panchayat’s
common land, neighbourhood of people inhibiting, road side avenue tree plantation,
open scrubs, ravines, school compounds can be selected for practicing the plantation
activity.
2. Awareness programmes (community and school level) for conservation of Reptiles
such as Python in the study area and also through organizing Presentations,
competitions during “Wildlife Week” and “Van Mahotsav” celebrations by active
involvement of local community.
3. Some provision of rewards to informers for the control of poaching and illegal trade
in wildlife.
4. Carrying out census and research projects to know the potential threats and
population status of the species in collaboration of local schools, colleges,
panchayats and forest department.
5. Provision of veterinary care and Rescue for the species when it comes with direct
encounter to community inhibiting nearby.
6. Another way to help preserve the endangered species is to create society dedicated
to ecological ethics. All the conservation measures will be implemented with the
help of and in the consultation of the district forest department.
7. With the objective of effectively protecting the wild life and to control poaching,
smuggling and illegal trade in wildlife and its derivatives, the Government of India
enacted Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972. The Act was amended in January 2003 and
punishment and penalty for offences under the Act have been made more stringent.
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The proponent has proposed a sum of Rs. 1,50,000/-for the “Indian Python” conservation
plan under the following heads:
Sr.
No. Work or Activity Approximate Cost. Rs.
1 Five awareness programme for “Indian Python”
conservation
20,000/Each =
1,00,000/-
2 5 cash prizes @ 10000 in a year will be awarded to the
informer of poachers.
50,000/-
TOTAL 1,50,000/-
- Danaid eggfly (Hypolimnas misippus)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Genus: Hypolimnas
Species: H. misippus
Binomial name
Hypolimnas misippus
General Description of the species
Hypolimnas misippus, the Danaid eggfly, mimic, or diadem, is a widespread species of
nymphalidbutterfly. It is well known for polymorphism and mimicry. Males are blackish with
distinctive white spots that are fringed in blue. Females are in multiple forms that include
male-like forms while others closely resemble the toxic butterflies Danaus chrysippus and
Danaus plexippus. They are found across Africa, Asia, and Australia. In the new world they
are found in the West Indies, with strays in Central and North America.The male has the
upper wings dark velvety brownish black. The forewing has a broad white oval spot between
veins 3 and 7. A smaller spot near the apex is also present. These spots are crossed by the
black veins and bordered in iridescent blue that is visible only at certain angles. The hind
wing has a larger white spot but the veins crossing it are yellowish and not as prominent as
on the forewing. There are some white specks along the tornus and the margin is edged
with white and black.
Life Cycle of the species
Larva: Describes this as cylindrical, black, with a darker black dorsal line, banded
transversely with pale brown transverse tuberculated small spots; beneath dark olive-
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brown; legs and head brick-red; head furnished with two long black thick branched spines;
the rest of the segments except the anal with ten branched spines, dirty, transparent white
in colour and disposed in longitudinal rows, anal segment with two similar spines.
Food Habits
It is found mainly around flowering plants, herbs and shrubs.
Conservation and Its relationship with Humans
Danaid eggfly is under least concern category of IUCN but on the other hand due to
decreasing the sightings or any such reason Indian authorities have kept this species under
Schedule – I in the Wildlife Protection Act which gives special attention to the species for its
conservation. This species along with other butterfly closely associated with humans.
Human does plantation of ornamental species in which the flowering lasts throughout the
year which acts as a rich source of food for butterflies. The relation is interdependent as the
butterfly plays vital role in pollination of the plant species. The study area is having
agriculture activity as major land use, existence of this kind of faunal species is very much
beneficial as they plays very important role in fruiting of plants which in turns high annual
yield.
Probable Threats to the species
Anthropogenic activities are main reason behind decreasing such smaller faunal species.
Due to rapid growth of population the agricultural practices changes to meet such huge
demand of annual yield which is the main factor for usage of Chemical pesticides and
chemical fertilizer which gives indirect effect of poisoning of such important insect species.
Changes in crop pattern, selection of ornamental plants also acts as habitat loss and loss of
breeding ground for butterfly species. Change in climate pattern also acts as responsible
factor for decline in population of such delicate species which is very much sensitive to
minor changes in the climate as well as atmosphere.
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Conservation Measures
1) Community inhibiting in study area should make well aware about the importance of
the insects in their daily life especially butterflies and bees which acts a very vital
role in pollination which results in high and successful fruiting of crops. This can be
achieved by arrangements of village wise awareness campaigns. People can be
approached through local gatherings and meetings such as Gram sabha in which we
can address them for effective conservation of such species.
2) Community awareness for selection of indigenous crops, ornamental plants in empty
spaces, home gardens, agricultural fields and open scrub areas which provide
breeding and feeding ground for Danied eggfly and such other butterflies and
insects.
3) Community awareness-training sessions to be arranged for usage and manufacturing
local indigenous pesticides and fertilizers by traditional methods which decreases
usage of chemical pesticides and fertilizer.
4) Plant saplings of Flowering and Fruiting plants can be distributed to local people to
promote the plantation of butterfly and bee friendly species which gives breeding
and feeding platform to the species.
The proponent has proposed a sum of Rs. 102500/-for the “Danaideggfly” conservation plan
under the following heads:
Sr. No Work or Activity Approximate Cost. Rs.
1 Plantation-350 flowring plants (as per
the plant species-Cost of sapling will
be changed per year)
52,500/-(@ 150/-per plant)
2 One awareness programme for
conservation
20,000/-
3 3 cash prizes @ 10000 in a year will
be awarded to the informer of
poachers.
30,000/-
TOTAL 1,02,500/-
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Common Pierrot (Castalius rosimon)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Lycaenidae
Genus: Castalius
Species: C. rosimon
Binomial name
Castalius rosimon
General Description of the species
Castalius rosimon, the Common Pierrot, is a small butterfly found in India that belongs to
the lycaenids, or blues family.
Male
The upperside of its wings is mainly white. Forewing has the costa, apex and termen edged
with black, the edging much broader on apex and termen; base outwards for a short
distance more or less densely overlaid. with metallic blue scales which cover and make
indistinct a large basal outwardly clavate (club-shaped) black spot; a transverse black oval
spot on the discocellulars touching the black edging on the costa; an oblique irregular line of
four quadrate black spots beyond, the upper spot coalesced with the black on the costal
border, the next spot below shifted outwards out of line, touching, as does also the lowest
spot, the terminal black edging; posterior to this is a quadrate black spot in the apical half of
interspace 2, and placed obliquely outwards from 1b coalescent with the terminal black
border, another similar spot in interspace 1.
Hindwing: three basal black somewhat coalescent spots overlaid with metallic blue scaling;
the costal margin above the subcostal vein and vein 7 black; this colour filling also the base
of interspace 6, where in some specimens it is divided into a basal portion with a spot
beyond; a postdiscal curved transverse black band followed by a subterminal transverse
series of black spots, each spot edged inwardly and outwardly by very slender lunules of the
white ground colour; on the inner side of the postdiscal band posteriorly is a broken line of
four black generally coalescent spots two and two, the two upper often touching the
postdiscal band.
Underside primarily white. Forewing has a long oblique black band from base outwards to
the costa; below it and obliquely placed an irregular black somewhat conical mark; following
these are two outwardly oblique, medially interrupted, black macular bands; the inner of
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the two extended from costa along the discocellulars, is then widely interrupted below its
posterior portion that is formed of two elongate coalescent spots and touches the inner
subterminal transverse line of elongate spots just above the tornus; the outer, obliquely
placed line is subapical and medially broken, the middle portion consisting of a quadrate
spot is shifted outwards; finally, two parallel subterminal transverse series of black elongate
spots, the inner series of broad, more or less rectangular spots, the outer series of more
linear spots, the latter coalescent anteriorly with a slender anteciliary black line.
Hindwing: a transverse basal black band, with an elongate black spot below it on the
dorsum; a transverse subbasal line of four well-separated black spots; a transverse, oval,
discocellular black spot and obliquely above it three subcostal similar spots, the inner two
coalescent; postdiscal and terminal markings consist, the former of four black posterior
spots two and two, each pair coalescent and placed en echelon, the latter of a transverse
double series of subterminal black spots and an anteciliary black line; the upper portion of
the postdiscal markings touches the inner subterminal line. Cilia of both forewings and
hindwings white alternated with black at the apices of the veins; filamentous short tail to
the hindwing black tipped with white. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen black, the
shafts of the antennae ringed with white, the head between the eyes and behind them
white; beneath: the palpi, thorax and abdomen white, the last barred broadly with white on
the sides.
Female
Similar to the male but with the black markings on the upper and undersides broader.
Life Cycle of the species
Larva
"Feeds on Zizyphus sp. and is of a rough texture all over. It is of the usual woodlouse form,
much flattened towards the anal segment which is very broad; head concealed; colour
bright green with a double, dorsal, yellow line and the sides powdered with small yellow
spots."
Pupa
"Of the usual Castalius form but narrow and slightly flattened. It is intensely glossy as if
covered with gum. It varies in colour, being sometimes black, at others green with
inconstant black markings."
Food Habits
It is found mainly around flowering plants, herbs and shrubs.
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Conservation and Its relationship with Humans
Common Pierrot is under least concern category of IUCN but on the other hand due to
decreasing the sightings or any such reason Indian authorities have kept this species under
Schedule – I in the Wildlife Protection Act which gives special attention to the species for its
conservation. This species along with other butterfly closely associated with humans.
Human does plantation of ornamental species in which the flowering lasts throughout the
year which acts as a rich source of food for butterflies. The relation is interdependent as the
butterfly plays vital role in pollination of the plant species. The study area is having
agriculture activity as major land use, existence of this kind of faunal species is very much
beneficial as they plays very important role in fruiting of plants which in turns high annual
yield.
Probable Threats to the species
Anthropogenic activities are main reason behind decreasing such smaller faunal species.
Due to rapid growth of population the agricultural practices changes to meet such huge
demand of annual yield which is the main factor for usage of Chemical pesticides and
chemical fertilizer which gives indirect effect of poisoning of such important insect species.
Changes in crop pattern, selection of ornamental plants also acts as habitat loss and loss of
breeding ground for butterfly species. Change in climate pattern also acts as responsible
factor for decline in population of such delicate species which is very much sensitive to
minor changes in the climate as well as atmosphere.
Conservation Measures
1) Community inhibiting in study area should make well aware about the importance of
the insects in their daily life especially butterflies and bees which acts a very vital
role in pollination which results in high and successful fruiting of crops. This can be
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achieved by arrangements of village wise awareness campaigns. People can be
approached through local gatherings and meetings such as Gram sabha in which we
can address them for effective conservation of such species.
2) Community awareness for selection of indigenous crops, ornamental plants in empty
spaces, home gardens, agricultural fields and open scrub areas which provide
breeding and feeding ground for Common Pierrot and such other butterflies and
insects.
3) Community awareness-training sessions to be arranged for usage and manufacturing
local indigenous pesticides and fertilizers by traditional methods which decreases
usage of chemical pesticides and fertilizer.
Plant saplings of Flowering and Fruiting plants can be distributed to local people to
promote the plantation of butterfly and bee friendly species which gives breeding
and feeding platform to the species.
a) Whether conservation plan for schedule-I species has been approved by competent
authority?
The conservation plan for above described schedule-I species has been approved by
competent authority and also the authority is focused towards conservation of such
species of importance which are essential to balance the environment.
The proponent has proposed a sum of Rs. 102500/- for the “Common pierrot Butterfly”
conservation plan under the following heads:
Sr. No. Work or Activity Approximate Cost. Rs.
1 Plantation-350 flowring plants (as per the plant
species-Cost of sapling will be changed per
year)
52,500/-(@ 150/-per
plant)
3 One awareness programme for conservation 20,000/-
4 3 cash prizes @ 10000 in a year will be awarded
to the informer of poachers.
30,000/-
TOTAL 1,02,500/-
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Proponent will contribute total of 11,72,500/- Rs. in two years for the conservation of
following species:
Sr.
No. Animal Type
Scientific Name
(Zoological Name) Local Name Budgetary Provision
1 Oriental honey
buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus Madhiyo baj 1,02,500/-
2 White-eyed
buzzard Butastur teesa - 1,02,500/-
3 Black kite Milvus migrans Samadi 1,02,500/-
4 Shikra Accipiter badius Shakro 1,02,500/-
5 Short-toed
snake eagle Circaetus gallicus - 1,02,500/-
6 Indian peafowl Pavo cristatus Mor 2,02,500/-
7 Black-
shouldered kite Elanus axillaris Kapasi 1,02,500/-
8 Danaid eggfly Hypolimnas misippus Patangiu 1,02,500/-
9 Common
pierrot Castalius rosimon Patangiu 1,02,500/-
10 Indian python Python molurus Ajgar 1,50,000/-
Total 11,72,500/-
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3.11 SOCIO - ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
An assessment of socio - economic environment forms an integral part of an EIA study.
Therefore, baseline information for the same was collected during the study period. The
baseline socio - economic data collected for the study region, before the proposed is
operational, has been identified for the four major indicators viz. demography, civic
amenities, economy and social culture. The baseline status of the above indicators is
compiled in forthcoming sections.
3.11.1 SETTLEMENTS AND DEMOGRAPHIC PATTERN
3.11.1.1 METHOD OF DATA PREPARATION
The land use/land cover has been presented in the form of a map prepared by using the IRS-P
6 LISS-III, procured from the National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA), Hyderabad. The
satellite data has been processed using ERDAS Imagine software supported with ground
checks and ground truth verification wherever required. Area and distance calculations have
been carried out using GIS software after geo-referencing the interpreted data with the help
of SoI topographical maps of 1:50,000 scale.
3.11.1.2 DEMOGRAPHIC DATA WITHIN THE REGION OF INTEREST
The population details (i.e. population distribution and population density) of the Taluka
Vagra, District Bharuch and the study area within 10 km radius are presented in Table-3.16
& its graphical representation is given in Figure-3.9.
TABLE – 3.17
DEMOGRAPHIC DATA
Sr.
No.
Village
Name
CD
Block
Name
No. of
Household
Total
Population
Total
Male
Total
Female
Population
<06 years
Male<06
years
Female
<06
years
1 Sayakha Vagra 231 1072 560 512 81 38 43
2 Vagra Vagra 1560 7724 3924 3800 936 487 449
3 Juned Vagra 84 443 226 217 57 26 31
4 Bhersam Vagra 325 1461 735 726 158 67 91
5 Khojbal Vagra 287 1513 782 731 209 112 97
6 Kothia Vagra 111 555 279 276 68 30 38
7 Saran Vagra 273 1346 686 660 173 84 89
8 Pisad Vagra 151 708 362 346 89 49 40
9 Rahad Vagra 185 931 473 458 110 62 48
10 Aragama Vagra 223 1188 611 577 154 76 78
11 Ankot Vagra 162 739 399 340 96 48 48
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12 Vorasamni Vagra 475 2514 1250 1264 247 119 128
13 Vilayat Vagra 444 2203 1133 1070 235 129 106
14 Vansi Vagra 270 1522 796 726 201 110 91
15 Amleshwar Vagra 494 2392 1261 1131 213 112 101
16 Navetha Vagra 196 974 472 502 105 46 59
17 Pipalia Vagra 316 1609 823 786 189 91 98
18 Vahiyal Vagra 250 1170 607 563 123 60 63
19 Sutrel Vagra 190 958 482 476 124 68 56
(Courtesy: Census of India 2011)
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TABLE – 3.17 (CONTD.)
DEMOGRAPHIC DATA
Sr.
No.
Village
Name
CD Block
name
Population
Schedule
caste
Male
Schedule
caste
Female
Schedule
caste
Population
Schedule
tribe
Male
Schedule
tribe
Female
Schedule
tribe
1 Sayakha Vagra 76 41 35 413 210 203
2 Vagra Vagra 396 200 196 1666 855 811
3 Juned Vagra 24 12 12 197 100 97
4 Bhersam Vagra 27 15 12 874 440 434
5 Khojbal Vagra 40 20 20 425 225 200
6 Kothia Vagra 45 25 20 236 117 119
7 Saran Vagra 54 22 32 351 190 161
8 Pisad Vagra 38 18 20 234 123 111
9 Rahad Vagra 31 16 15 552 281 271
10 Aragama Vagra 24 14 10 361 201 160
11 Ankot Vagra 50 25 25 135 61 74
12 Vorasamni Vagra 91 47 44 655 329 326
13 Vilayat Vagra 73 36 37 833 434 399
14 Vansi Vagra 28 14 14 401 213 188
15 Amleshwar Vagra 96 46 50 1233 641 592
16 Navetha Vagra 105 48 57 364 172 192
17 Pipalia Vagra 52 24 28 475 235 240
18 Vahiyal Vagra 77 39 38 505 266 239
19 Sutrel Vagra 42 23 19 412 212 200
(Courtesy: Census of India 2011)
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TABLE – 3.18
POPULATION DENSITY
Name Population
(Persons)
Population Density
(Person / sq. km.)
Sex ratio
(No. of females per 1000 males)
Within 5 km Radius (2011) 9397 120 943
Within 10 km Radius (2011) 31022 101 956
Taluka Vagra (2011) 100044 114 870
District Bharuch (2011) 1551019 238 925
(Courtesy: Census Dept., GOI)
FIGURE - 3.13
POPULATION DENSITY
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3.11.2 LITERACY RATE
The literacy rate is a major factor, which influences the socio-cultural condition of a
particular place. Details of literacy rate in District Bharuch, Taluka Vagra and within 10 km
radius and 5 km radius of project site are given in Table 3.20 while their graphical
representation is shown in Figure 3.10. Literacy rate in Bharuch District, as per 2011 Census
data is 72.09 %, with 77.32 % among male and 66.44 % among female. Literacy rate in Vagra
Taluka as per 2011 Census data is 70.47 % with 77.56 % among males and 62.32 % among
females.
Within 10 km radius of the study area, the literacy rate is observed 69.26 % having 75.28 %
among males and 62.70 % among females, whereas literacy rate within 5 km radius of study
area is 65.37 % having 72.51 % among males and 57.79 % among females.
TABLE - 3.19
LITERACY RATE
Name Male Literacy (%) Female Literacy (%) Total Literacy (%)
Within 5 km Radius (2011) 72.51 57.79 65.37
Within 10 km Radius (2011) 75.28 62.70 69.26
Taluka Vagra (2011) 77.56 62.32 70.47
District Bharuch (2011) 77.32 66.44 72.09
(Courtesy: Census Dept., GOI)
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TABLE - 3.19 (CONTD.)
LITERACY RATE
(Courtesy: Census of India 2011)
Sr.
No.
Village
Name
CD Block
name
Population
Literate
Male
Literate
Female
Literate
Population
Illiterate
Male
Illiterate
Female
Illiterate
1 Sayakha Vagra 753 440 313 319 120 199
2 Vagra Vagra 5532 2983 2549 2192 941 1251
3 Juned Vagra 287 158 129 156 68 88
4 Bhersam Vagra 864 500 364 597 235 362
5 Khojbal Vagra 1045 587 458 468 195 273
6 Kothia Vagra 366 218 148 189 61 128
7 Saran Vagra 801 461 340 545 225 320
8 Pisad Vagra 534 294 240 174 68 106
9 Rahad Vagra 603 352 251 328 121 207
10 Aragama Vagra 898 484 414 290 127 163
11 Ankot Vagra 533 325 208 206 74 132
12 Vorasamni Vagra 1875 997 878 639 253 386
13 Vilayat Vagra 1451 840 611 752 293 459
14 Vansi Vagra 1103 613 490 419 183 236
15 Amleshwar Vagra 1637 913 724 755 348 407
16 Navetha Vagra 705 375 330 269 97 172
17 Pipalia Vagra 1026 584 442 583 239 344
18 Vahiyal Vagra 787 449 338 383 158 225
19 Sutrel Vagra 648 368 280 310 114 196
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FIGURE - 3.14
LITERACY DATA
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3.11.3 OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE
In economic development of the region its geographical location, natural resources, business and employment, industries and manpower play
vital role. Table 3.22 provides the occupational patterns in all villages falling within the area of interest.
TABLE - 3.20
OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE
Sr. No. Village
Name
CD
Block
name
Total Work
Population
Main
worker
Population
Main
Cultivator
Population
Main
Agriculture
Population
Main
Household
Population
Main Other
Population
Marginal
Worker
Population
Non
Worker
Population
1 Sayakha Vagra 368 363 94 231 0 38 5 704
2 Vagra Vagra 2719 1881 213 304 50 1314 838 5005
3 Juned Vagra 195 194 34 131 1 28 1 248
4 Bhersam Vagra 682 659 135 452 1 71 23 779
5 Khojbal Vagra 523 362 75 161 7 119 161 990
6 Kothia Vagra 265 223 44 162 0 17 42 290
7 Saran Vagra 392 388 26 313 1 48 4 954
8 Pisad Vagra 315 181 89 81 0 11 134 393
9 Rahad Vagra 397 379 63 269 0 47 18 534
10 Aragama Vagra 405 388 42 161 1 184 17 783
11 Ankot Vagra 313 266 56 169 0 41 47 426
12 Vorasamni Vagra 757 636 118 337 1 180 121 1757
13 Vilayat Vagra 986 962 96 704 3 159 24 1217
14 Vansi Vagra 509 421 61 257 0 103 88 1013
15 Amleshwar Vagra 939 703 177 365 12 149 236 1453
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16 Navetha Vagra 459 450 60 296 2 92 9 515
17 Pipalia Vagra 639 615 131 362 5 117 24 970
18 Vahiyal Vagra 568 562 91 423 2 46 6 602
19 Sutrel Vagra 350 337 54 237 3 43 13 608
(Courtesy: Census of India 2011)
3.11.4 AMENITIES
Infrastructure resource base of the surveyed villages with reference to education, medical, water resources, post and telegraph,
communication, power supply is presented in Table-3.23 There are 35 villages within study area of 10 km radius of plant site. Significant
observations with respect to availability of amenities in study area are as follows.
All of the villages have primary schools, 4 villages have both primary and secondary education schools. 8 villages have adult education facility.
20 villages in the impact zone have community health workers, 12 villages have primary health sub centre, 4 villages have registered private
practitioners while 5 villages have family planning center, 3 villages have primary health center. One maternity home, four child welfare
centers, one nursing home, two dispensaries and one hospital are also available in the impact zone.
In the study area drinking water facilities are good as tap water and well water is available almost in all the villages, 4 villages have hand
pumps. Tank water is available in 10 villages, 2 villages get water from tube well, 5 from canal and one from Nallah. Post office facility is
available in 27 villages while one village has post and telegraph facility. Telephone facility is available in 17 villages. 35 villages are well
connected through a network of Pucca road. 30 villages have Kuccha approach road. Bus is the main mode of transportation and is available in
38 villages, while 4 villages are connected with railways. All the villages get electricity for all purpose i.e. domestic, agriculture and industrial.
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TABLE - 3.21
DETAILS OF AMMENITIES AVAILABLE IN STUDY AREA
Village Educational Medical Drinking Water Post & Telegraph
GPS PPS GSS PSS GEC PEC PHC M&
CWC
FWC T TW/
BH
R/C PO P&T T
Sayakha 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 1
Vagra 4 3 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 1 0 1
Juned 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 1
Bhersam 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 1
Khojbal 1 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 1
Kothia 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 2 0 1
Saran 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 1
Pisad 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 2 0 1
Rahad 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 2 0 1
Aragama 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 1
Ankot 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 1
Vorasamni 2 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 2 0 1
Vilayat 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 2 0 1
Vansi 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 1
Amleshwar 2 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 2 0 1
Navetha 1 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 1
Pipalia 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 1
Vahiyal 1 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 2 0 1
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Sutrel 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 2 0 1
(Courtesy: Census Dept., GOI)
Approach to road Power Supply
PR KR ED EAG EC EA
Sayakha 1 2 1 1 1 1
Vagra 1 1 1 1 1 1
Juned 1 1 1 1 1 1
Bhersam 1 2 1 1 1 1
Khojbal 1 2 1 1 1 1
Kothia 1 1 1 1 1 1
Saran 1 1 1 1 1 1
Pisad 1 1 1 1 1 1
Rahad 1 1 1 1 1 1
Aragama 1 1 1 1 1 1
Ankot 1 1 1 1 1 1
Vorasamni 1 1 1 1 1 1
Vilayat 1 1 1 1 1 1
Vansi 1 1 1 1 1 1
Amleshwar 1 2 1 1 1 1
Navetha 1 2 1 1 1 1
Pipalia 1 2 1 1 1 1
Vahiyal 1 1 1 1 1 1
Sutrel 1 1 1 1 1 1
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TABLE 3.22 ABBREVIATIONS
1. Education
P-Primary Elementary School
H-Matriculation or Secondary
O-Other Educational Institution
PUC-Higher Secondary/Intermediate/pre-
University/junior College
Ac- Adult Literacy Class
Tr-Training School
2. Medical Facilities
RP-Registered Private Practitioner
PHS-Primary Health Sub-Centre
FPC-Family Planning Centre
PHC-Primary Health Centre
D- Dispensary
CHW - Community Health Worker/Health
Worker
H - Hospital
NH - Nursing Home
MH - Maternity Home
PHC - Public Health Centre
CWC - Child Welfare Centre
TB - T.B Clinic
O – Others
3. Drinking Water
T-Tap Water
HP-Hand Pump
TK-Tank Water
W-Well Water
R-River Water
C-Canal
N - Nallah
S – Spring
TW- Tube well Water
4. Post & Telegraph
PO-Post Office
PTO-Post & Telegraph
Phone-Telephone Communication
5. Communication
BS-Bus Station
NW-Navigable Waterway
6. Approaches to Village
PR-Pucca Road
KR-Kuchcha Road
7. Power Supply
EA-Electricity for all purposes
EAG - Electricity for Agriculture
ED - Electricity for domestic
EO - Electricity for other purpose like Industrial,
Commercial etc.
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CHAPTER – 4:
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
& MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS
Various sources of pollution with respect to wastewater, the flue gas / process emission,
hazardous waste and noise generation along with their qualitative and quantitative analysis
as well as measures taken to control them are discussed herein with details. The network
method was adopted to identify potential impact, which involves understanding of cause-
condition-effect relationship between an activity and environmental parameters. This
method involves the "road map" type of approach to the identification of second and third
order effect. The basic idea is to account for the project activity and identify the type of
impact that could initially occur followed by the identification of secondary and tertiary
impacts.
Identified potential impacts for the various components of the environment, i.e. air, noise,
water, land and socio-economic, are presented in Figure 4.1. It should be noted that in these
illustrations the lines are to be read as "might have an effect on".
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Dia. – 4.1
IMPACT NETWORK ON AIR ENVIRONMENT
Project
Activity Construction Operation
Phase Phase
Release of Air Release of
Pollutants Heat
Primary Change in Impact on Particulates Climatic
Impacts Air Quality Visibility Deposition on Changes
Water, Land
Aesthetic Impact on Impact on
Impact Agricultural Flora & Fauna
Produce
Secondary Impact on Human
Impacts Health
Tertiary Impact on Impact on
Impacts Economic Output Socio - Cultural
Environment
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Dia. – 4.1 CONTD.
IMPACT NETWORK ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Project
Activity Construction Operational
Phase Phase
Noise Emission
Primary
Impacts Change in
Ambient
Noise Level
Secondary Health Risks Impact on Work Migration of Birds,
Impacts Output and Reptiles & Population
Efficiency
Tertiary Impact on Impact on
Impacts Economic Socio-cultural
Output Environment
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Dia. – 4.1 CONTD.
IMPACT NETWORK ON WATER ENVIRONMENT
Project
Construction Phase Operational Phase
Activity Change in Surface Releases of
Morphology Wastewater
Impact on Runoff/
Seepage
Primary Impact on Impact on Environmental
Impacts Hydraulics of Water Quality Health and
Water Courses Aesthetic Risk
Secondary Impact on Impact on Cost of Water Impact on
Impacts Hydraulic of Aquatic Life Treatment Amenity /
Water Cources Recreation
Impact on Economic Output Impact on Socio-Cultural
Impacts Environment
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Dia. – 4.1 CONTD.
IMPACT NETWORK ON GROUND WATER ENVIRONMENT
Project
Cnstruction Operational
Phase Phase
Activity Distrubance Release of
of Soil Waste-water
on Land
Primary Change in Groundwater Change in Structure Addition / Removal
Impacts Regime : Soil Moisture / of Soil : Ground of Substances or
water Level / Flow Level Heat to / form
Pattern / Salt Water the Soil
Instruction
Secondary Impact on Soil Biota Impact on Flora Impact on
Impacts and Fauna Landscape
Impact on Agriclutural Impact on Livestock
Production
Tertiary Impact on Impact on
Impacts Economic Socio - Cultural
Out Put Environment
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Dia. – 4.1 CONTD.
IMPACT NETWORK ON LAND ENVIRONMENT
Project
Activity Construction Operational
Phase Phase
Primary Disturbance Disposal of
Impacts of land Wastewater
& Sludge on Land
Change in soil Change in Ground Toxic Substances
Texture & Permeability Water Regime / Salt on Land, Particulate
Water Intrusion Deposition on Land
Secondary Impact on Soil Salinity Impact on
Impacts Landscape Flora & Fauna
Tertiary Impact on Impact on
Impacts Agricultural Produce Live Stock
Impact on Impact on Socio-
Economic Output Cultural Environment
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Dia. – 4.1 CONTD.
IMPACT NETWORK ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC & CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT
Project
Activity Operational Phase Construction Phase
Primary Economic Input Economic Output Demand for Wark Force
Impacts Capital/C&M Cost Product Cost
Net Income
Output
SecondaryChange in Development Better Air, Water Empolyment Demand for Demand for Aesthetic
Impacts Economic Base of Ancillary Product Land, Noise Opportunity Communication Infrastructural Risk
of The Region Industries Avaliability Pollution Facilities Facilities
Saving of Foreign
Exchange Effect On Effect On Effect On Effect on
Human Health Agriculture & Visual Buildings
Fisheries Environment Materials
Mounments
Tertiary Effect On Water Supply, Effect On Educational Effect On Human, Nature &
Impacts Sewerage & Soild Waste Medical, Transport Recreational Facilities
Management Facilities Facilities
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4.2 PREDICTIONS AND EVALUATION OF IMPACTS
An impact can be defined as any change in physical, chemical, biological, cultural and/or
socioeconomic environment that can be attributed to activities related to alternatives under
study for meeting the project needs. Impact methodology provides an organized approach
for prediction and assessing these impacts.
Scientific techniques and methodologies based on mathematical modeling are available for
studying impacts of various project activities on environmental parameters.
The nature of the impacts due to said project activities are discussed here in detail. Each
parameter identified in the proceeding chapter, is singularly considered for the anticipated
impact due to various activities listed. The impact is quantified using numerical scores 0, 1,
2, 3, 4 and 5 in increasing order of activity. In order to assess the impact accurately, each
parameter is discussed in detail covering the following:
1) Project activities likely to generate impact
2) Quantification and prediction of impact
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TABLE - 4.1
CONSTRUCTION & OPERATION STAGE POTENTIAL IMPACTS & MITIGATIVE MEASURES
Environmental
Components Sources of Impact Mitigative Measure
Water
Environment
Construction activity &
abstraction of water for
construction
requirement and
sanitation for workers.
Discharge of process
effluents, sewage and
utility wastewater.
Proper management of surface water run
off shall be made. Company will provide the
sanitation facility for workers.
Total water requirement will be 428.35 KLD
(Fresh water= 266.35 KLD + Reused= 162
KLD). The wastewater generations will
237.35 KL/Day (226.35 KLD Industrial + 11.0
KLD Domestic).
11.0 KL/Day Domestic wastewater will be
treated in STP and treated effluent will be
reused in gardening.
High COD & TDS stream: 170.0 KL/Day
Wastewater from process will be sent to
Solvent Stripper then sent to In-house MEE.
151 KL/Day MEE condensate will be reused
within premises and MEE Salt will be send
to TSDF site.
Low COD & TDS Stream from process (10
KL/Day) and Dilute Stream (46.35 KL/Day):
56.35 KL/Day Wastewater will be sent to
ETP. Total 56.35 KLD will be treated in ETP
and then treated effluent will be sent to
CETP for further treatment & disposal.
Air Environment There will be generation
of dust & vehicular
emission due to
transportation of
construction
machineries and raw
materials
Regular water sprinkling will be done to
reduce dust generation.
Vehicles having PUC certificates will only be
allowed to transport materials and
equipment’s at project site.
Flue gas emission from
diesel operated
construction equipment
and machineries
Dust generation will be reduced by
maintaining the speed limit of vehicle
transporting construction materials.
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Dust generation due to
site preparation
Construction raw materials will be covered
with tarpaulin sheet to minimize the dust
dispersion due to transportation by vehicles.
Dust mask will be provided to the workers.
Noise
Environment
Noise generation during
construction work
Engineering control, if possible, provide
noise protection devices like earmuffs, ear
plug to worker, Rotation of work to
minimize exposure.
Noise generation from
vehicular movement for
transportation of
construction material
and waste
Well maintained vehicles and properly
designed equipment will be used.
Restrict movement of vehicle between 10
p.m. to 6 a.m. if possible.
Land
Environment
Generation of Debris
due to Excavation and
paving of site
Debris will be reused in filling low lying area
Soil degradation due to
spillage/leakage of oil &
grease.
Designated construction area for prevention
of oil & grease getting mixed with soil.
Construction of RCC roads and pavements
to avoid soil contamination due to
spillage/leakage of oil & grease.
Generation of scraps
due to construction
activity
Will be sold to scrap vendors
Sewage Generation due
to influx of workers
Proper sanitation and disposal of sewage
sludge as manure in greenbelt
Green belt
Development
There shall be positive
impact of greenbelt
development as it will
act natural barrier for
dust emissions.
3565 sq. m. (33 %) area will be covered as
greenbelt and other forms of greenery.
Good greenery shall be maintained in and
around the site by planting various types of
local tress.
Trees species to be planted at plant shall be
in line with trees species recommended in
CPCB’s guidelines for developing
Greenbelts.
Hazardous/Solid
Waste
Wastes generated due
to spillage/leakage,
handling and disposal of
construction wastes and
Construction waste will be categorized in to
recyclable and non-recyclable and stored
separately.
Recyclable construction waste will be sent
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other wastes. for recycling and non-recyclable waste will
be sent to authorize dealers for disposal.
Other wastes will be disposed off
adequately.
Ecology and
Biodiversity
The habitual activities of
the birds and butterflies
species will be affected.
Idle vehicles to be shut off when it will be
not in use.
Speed limit of vehicles will be maintained.
Loud horn in the vehicles will not be
allowed.
Noise from construction
will create stress on
animals and disturb
their daily activities
Acoustic enclose will be provided to
construction machineries and equipments.
Preference to be given that maximum
construction activities to be carried out
during day time only.
Other Risk and
Hazards
Chances of accident
during transportation of
material
All transportation within the working area
will be carried out directly under the
supervision and control of the management.
The vehicles must be maintained in good
repairs and checked thoroughly at least
once a week.
Fall from height, cut
injury and fall injury
during construction
activities.
Guard rails / barricade with warning signal
at excavated pit will provide.
Escape ladders will provide in case of
emergency
Soil heaps will keep away from the edge of
pit
Vehicles will strictly not allow to work too
close to excavated areas
Safe construction practices will be followed
under supervisor‘s inspection.
PPEs will be provided to workers for safety
against potential risk.
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4.2.1 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Source of water will be met through GIDC Water Supply.
Total water requirement will be 428.35 KL/Day (Fresh water = 266.35 KL/Day + Reused =
162 KL/Day). The wastewater generations will 237.35 KL/Day (226.35 KL/Day Industrial +
11.0 KL/Day Domestic).
11.0 KL/Day Domestic wastewater will be treated in STP and treated effluent will be
reused in gardening.
High COD & TDS stream: 170.0 KL/Day Wastewater from process will be sent to Solvent
Stripper then sent to In-house MEE. 151 KL/Day MEE condensate will be reused within
premises and MEE Salt will be send to TSDF site.
Low COD & TDS Stream from process (10 KL/Day) and Dilute Stream (46.35 KL/Day):
56.35 KL/Day Wastewater will be sent to ETP. Total 56.35 KLD will be treated in ETP and
then treated effluent will be sent to CETP for further treatment & disposal.
4.2.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT
The dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere is a function of several meteorological
parameters viz. temperature, wind speed and direction, mixing depths, inversion level, etc.
A number of models have been developed for the prediction of pollutant concentration at
any point from an emitting source. The Industrial Source Complex – Short Term (ISCST3)
dispersion model is a steady-state Gaussian plume model. It is most widely accepted for its
interpretability. It gives reasonably correct values because this obeys the equation of
continuity and it also takes care of diffusion, which is a random process. For the present
study, this model is used for the prediction of maximum ground level concentration (GLC).
The proposed air emissions at M/s. Starlite Paints are SPM, SO2, HCL, NOx, NH3 and HBr. The
site specific and monitored details considered for input data for the software “ISC-AERMOD
View” by Lakes Environmental, Canada for prediction of impact on air environment are
given in Table 4.1. The site-specific hourly meteorological data measured at site. In order to
conduct a refined air dispersion modelling using ISCST3 and ISC-PRIME short-term air quality
dispersion models, the site specific hourly meteorological data measured at site is pre-
processed using the U.S. EPA PCRAMMET and U.S. EPA AERMET programs. Before starting
air dispersion modeling with ISC-AERMOD View, a building downwash analysis using BPIP
View was done. BPIP View is a graphical user interface designed to speed up the work
involved in setting up input data for the U.S. EPA Building Profile Input Program (BPIP) and
Building Profile Input Program – Plume Rise Model Enhancements (BPIP-PRIME).
The air pollution caused by the gaseous emissions from a single or small group of stacks is a
local phenomenon. Its impacts will occur at a distance ranging from within the immediate
vicinity of the stack to several kilometres away from the stack. Maximum ground level
concentration will occur within this range. All plumes at more downwind distances from the
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source by stack emission become so diluted by diffusion in the ambient atmosphere, that
concentrations of pollutants become negligible. The maximum ground level concentration
for different parameters is given in Table 4.2. Equal concentration contour plots for SPM,
SO2, HCL, NOx, NH3 and HBr are given in Figure 4.2. Adequate measures shall be taken to
minimize air pollution by providing air pollution control equipment. Flue gases are
discharged from stacks at adequate height (as per GPCB norms).
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TABLE – 4.2
DETAILS OF EMISSION FROM STACK & VENTS
No. Operating
Parameter Parameters
Stack Attached To
1: Boiler
[10 TPH]
2: Thermic
Fluid Heater
[10 Lakh
Kcal/Hr]
3: D.G. Set
[500*2 KVA]
4: Process
vent
5: Process
vent
6: Process
vent
7: Process
vent
1. Stack Height Meter 30 36 18 15 15 15 15
2. Diameter Meter 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15
3. Flue Gas
Temperature 0K 384 384 450 290 290 290 290
4.
Air Pollution
Control
Equipment
-- ESP + Water
scrubber
ESP + Water
scrubber
Adequate
stack Height
Two Stage
Water
Scrubber
Two Stage
Water
Scrubber
Two Stage
Water
Scrubber
Two Stage
Water
+Alkali
Scrubber
5. Flue Gas
Velocity M/S 5.84 5.84 12.3 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.23
6.
Emission
Concentration
SPM
SO2
NOX
mg/Nm3
(g/s)
mg/Nm3
(g/s)
mg/nm3
150*
(0.0480)
262*
(0.0838)
94*
150*
(0.0480)
262*
(0.0838)
94*
150*
(0.0095)
262*
(0.0167)
94*
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
40*
(0.0023)
--
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HCL
NH3
HBr
(g/s)
mg/nm3
(g/s)
mg/nm3
(g/s)
mg/nm3
(g/s)
(0.0300)
--
--
--
--
--
(0.0300)
--
--
--
--
--
(0.0060)
--
--
--
--
--
20.0*
(0.0011)
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
175*
(0.0102)
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
5.0*
(0.0002)
--
20*
(0.0011)
--
--
--
--
7. Fuel - Imported
Coal
Imported
Coal Diesel -- -- -- --
(* - Permissible Limits)
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FIGURE - 4.1
ISOPLETHS OF SPM
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FIGURE - 4.1
ISOPLETHS OF SO2
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FIGURE - 4.1
ISOPLETHS OF NOx
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FIGURE - 4.1
ISOPLETHS OF HCL
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FIGURE - 4.1
ISOPLETHS OF NH3
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FIGURE - 4.1
ISOPLETHS OF HBr
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TABLE - 4.3
SUMMARY OF ISCST3 MODEL OUTPUT
As proposed manufacturing activities have not yet started, the predictions were made using
CPCB permissible limit as these concentrations will in no case be exceeded. Ground level
concentrations calculated for proposed activities are superimposed on existing ambient air
quality monitoring results and combined values (Table-4.4) are found within permissible
National Ambient Air Quality Standards.
SR.
NO.
LOCATIONS X, Y
CO-
ORDINATES
CONCENTRATION
SPM
(g/m3)
SO2
(g/m3)
NOx
(g/m3)
HCl
(g/m3)
NH3
(g/m3)
HBr
(g/m3)
1. Project site (0,0) 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
2. Vorasamni (6215, -339) 0.00621 0.01113 0.00389 0.00026 0.00122 0.00002
3. Vilayat (6102, -4068) 0.01499 0.02683 0.00938 0.00060 0.00280 0.00005
4. Bhersam (3616, -2599) 0.02801 0.05038 0.01754 0.00135 0.00627 0.00012
5. Cholad (2938, -5537) 0.00849 0.01524 0.00531 0.00039 0.00179 0.00004
6. Saladara (8249, -1808) 0.00518 0.00927 0.00325 0.00020 0.00095 0.00002
7. Saykha (-791, -1130) 0.07316 0.13358 0.04582 0.00545 0.02526 0.00050
8. Saran (2712, 791) 0.01764 0.03209 0.01105 0.00120 0.00555 0.00011
9. Vahiyal (-3842, 565) 0.00251 0.00454 0.00157 0.00015 0.00068 0.00001
10. Kothia (-2373, -3955) 0.04281 0.07696 0.02680 0.00204 0.00947 0.00019
11. Khojbal (-7232, -6554) 0.00867 0.01552 0.00543 0.00035 0.00162 0.00003
SR.
NO.
X, Y
CO-ORDINATES
MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION (g/m3)
SPM SO2 NOx HCL NH3 HBr
1. (-1000,-2000) 0.09961 -- -- -- -- --
2. (-1000,-2000) -- 0.18084 -- -- -- --
3. (-1000,-2000) -- -- 0.06238 -- -- --
4. (-1000,-2000) -- -- -- 0.00642 -- --
5. (-1000,-2000) -- -- -- -- 0.02975 --
6. (-1000,-2000) -- -- -- -- -- 0.00058
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TABLE - 4.4
PREDICTED AMBIENT AIR QUALITY FOR SPM, SO2, NOx, HCL, NH3, HBr Unit: g/m3
SR.
NO.
SAMPLING
LOCATION
SPM (g/m3) SO2 (g/m3) NOX (g/m3)
AAQ
Value
Model
Value Predicted
AAQ
Value
Model
Value Predicted
AAQ
Value
Model
Value Predicted
1. Project site 129.9 0.000 129.9 11.63 0.000 11.63 13.52 0.000 13.52
2. Vahiyal 127.6 0.006 127.606 10.93 0.011 10.941 11.49 0.004 11.494
3. Sutrel 138.3 0.015 138.315 13.21 0.027 13.237 15.47 0.009 15.479
4. Saran 135.4 0.028 135.428 12.15 0.050 12.2 13.63 0.018 13.648
5. Juned 129.8 0.008 129.808 11.63 0.015 11.645 12.91 0.005 12.915
6. Vorasamni 127.1 0.005 127.105 9.13 0.009 9.139 10.25 0.003 10.253
7. Cholad 137.4 0.073 137.473 14.38 0.134 14.514 16.96 0.046 17.006
8. Sadathala 128.4 0.018 128.418 10.58 0.032 10.612 11.31 0.011 11.321
9. Khojbal 126.2 0.003 126.203 10.93 0.005 10.935 12.27 0.002 12.272
10. Bhelsli 133.8 0.043 133.843 12.55 0.077 12.627 13.43 0.027 13.457
11. Keshrol 131.5 0.009 131.509 11.92 0.016 11.936 12.34 0.005 12.345
NAAQS 500 80 80
SR.
NO.
SAMPLING
LOCATION
HCL (g/m3) NH3 (g/m3) HBr (g/m3)
AAQ
Value
Model
Value Predicted
AAQ
Value
Model
Value Predicted
AAQ
Value
Model
Value Predicted
1. Project site BDL 0.000 BDL BDL 0.000 BDL BDL 0.000 BDL
2. Vahiyal BDL 0.000 BDL BDL 0.001 BDL BDL 0.000 BDL
3. Sutrel BDL 0.001 BDL BDL 0.002 BDL BDL 0.000 BDL
4. Saran BDL 0.001 BDL BDL 0.006 BDL BDL 0.000 BDL
5. Juned BDL 0.000 BDL BDL 0.001 BDL BDL 0.000 BDL
6. Vorasamni BDL 0.000 BDL BDL 0.000 BDL BDL 0.000 BDL
7. Cholad BDL 0.005 BDL BDL 0.025 BDL BDL 0.000 BDL
8. Sadathala BDL 0.001 BDL BDL 0.005 BDL BDL 0.000 BDL
9. Khojbal BDL 0.000 BDL BDL 0.000 BDL BDL 0.000 BDL
10. Bhelsli BDL 0.002 BDL BDL 0.009 BDL BDL 0.000 BDL
11. Keshrol BDL 0.000 BDL BDL 0.001 BDL BDL 0.000 BDL
NAAQS 200 -- --
BDL = Below Detectable Limit
Conclusion: Max. GLC value is at village Cholad. Level of SPM at village Cholad is 137.4 g/m3 and Max. Incremental GLC of SPM – 0.073 g/m3 will increase at
village: Cholad and predicted level SPM at Village: Vadadala – 137.473 g/m3.
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4.2.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Extensive oiling and lubrication and preventive maintenance shall be carried out to reduce
noise generation at source to the permissible limit. Acoustic enclosures shall be provided for
DG set. The Noise level is within the prescribed limit. At noisy area, adequate preventive &
control measures are taken. No significant noise, vibration or emission of light & heat from
the unit.
4.2.4 HAZARDOUS WASTE DETAILS
Hazardous wastes generation is Topic 2.12.1
4.2.5 INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES
The plant is located in a well-developed industrial estate developed by Gujarat Industrial
Development Corporation, which has all essential facilities such as water, power, fuel, post,
telecommunication, bank, etc. M/s. Starlite Paints shall get water from GIDC water supply
for proposed project. Hence, there will be no additional stress on ground water resources
and there will be no adverse effect on the ground water resources available in the nearby
area.
The power requirement of plant will be 2000 KVA. Company shall purchase power from
DGVCL. 2 No. of 500 KVA capacity DG Set will be kept for emergency power back up. The
transportation of raw materials and finished products shall be by road. As stated earlier, the
site is near to National Highway No. 228. As a result of proposed project there will be a
marginal increase in transportation activity as compared to present total traffic. As a result
of development of industrial estate, the neighboring areas have developed for commercial
use. The infrastructure services e.g. roads, state transport, post and telegraph,
communication, education and medical facilities, housing, etc. have improved in the
surrounding areas in recent years.
4.2.6 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD
Raw material such as different chemicals, solvents, etc. shall be transported by road and
shall be stored in the plant premises. On site emergency plan shall be prepared for storage
and handling of hazardous chemicals and shall also be submitted to Government of Gujarat.
This report will be prepared with the consideration of hazards associated with the chemicals
and care should be taken for all aspects of environmental hazards. The project proponent
shall consider all the safety aspects in planning, designing and operation of the plant as per
standard practices. Hence, no adverse impact on this account is anticipated.
4.2.7 HOUSING
Enough number of dwellings is available in nearby towns and villages for accommodating
extra workforce. On neighboring towns or villages, the impact on this account is minimal.
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4.2.8 ECOLOGY
The impact due to operation of the project and its activities on the ecological parameters
like natural vegetation, cropping pattern, fisheries and aquatic life, forests and species
diversity could be summarized as below.
4.2.8.1 NATURAL VEGETATION
The industry will develop a green belt on the surrounding periphery. Since the effluents and
emissions generated from the project activities shall be treated and disposed as per the
EMP provisions, adverse impact over any of the ecological components of the environment
is reduced to minimum.
4.2.8.2 CROPS
Since, the project shall be on a non-agricultural land, it shall not alter the crop production of
the area. Further, the necessary environmental protection measures have been planned
under EMP e.g. air pollution control systems shall be designed to take care of even
emergency releases of the gaseous pollutants like SPM, SO2, NOx, HCL, NH3 and HBr and
regular environmental surveillance shall be done, so as not to have any short-term or
cumulative effect on the crops and the natural vegetation of the area.
4.2.8.3 FISHERIES AND AQUATIC LIFE
Since the effluents and emissions generated from the project activities shall be treated and
disposed as per the EMP provisions, proposed project shall not envisage any adverse effect
on fisheries and aquatic life.
4.2.8.4 AESTHETIC ENVIRONMENT
The proposed activities shall be within GIDC estate. The proposed activities and further
plantation will enhance the aesthetic environment.
4.2.8.5 DEMOGRAPHY, ECONOMICS, SOCIOLOGY AND HUMAN SETTLEMENT
M/s. Starlite Paints will give employment to about 100 employees (Including Contract
workers). In addition to direct employment, indirect employment shall generate ancillary
business to some extent for the local population. There is a positive effect due to improved
communication and health services, which have lead to economic prosperity, better
educational opportunities and access to better health and family welfare facilities. There has
been a beneficial effect on human settlement due to employment opportunities from
various industries in GIDC Estate & Proposed project of M/s. Starlite Paints More direct and
indirect employment shall be generated.
Local quality of life has improved. This factor combined with all other mitigation measures,
like proper treatment and disposal of hazardous waste; liquid effluent and gaseous
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emission, has minimized the adverse impact on ecology and has a beneficial impact on
human settlement and employment opportunities. There has been a beneficial impact on
the local socio-economic environment. There shall be no displacement of any population in
plant area. Any major activity that may lead to resettlement of the people is considered as
permanent impact. Hence, there is no permanent impact on this account. The increasing
industrial activity will boost the commercial and economical status of the locality up to some
extent.
Socio-Economic Environment
Environmental Impact Assessment is a study or an estimate of the probable positive or
negative impact a proposed project could have on the environment, consisting of natural,
social and economic aspects. An assessment of socio-economic environment forms an
integral part of an EIA study. Therefore, base-line information for the same was collected
during the study period. The base-line S.E. data collected for the study region has been
identified in four major indicators namely- Demography, Civic Amenities, Economy and
Social Culture.
Employment:
During construction phase of the company, skilled and un-skilled manpower will be required
and their requirement will be met with from the local community. M/s. Starlite Paints will
give employment to 100 people (Including Contract Workers). With the employment
opportunities, local people’s income will increase and thereby, their economic status will
boost up. Further, secondary jobs shall also increase in the local area to provide day-to-day
needs/services to the working man. Demand for essential daily utilities in the market will
also temporarily increase to some extent.
Public Health:
During construction period the workers will be provided with safe water supply, low-cost
sanitation facilities, first aid treatment, necessary personal protective equipment etc, to
prevent an increase in diseases related to personal hygiene. With some other industrial
units coming up in the surrounding area, Govt. dispensary, medical check-up, medicines,
services of nurses & doctors etc. are likely to be increased with a view to taking care of
general health of the local community.
Education:
Presently, every village has a primary school up to VII std. and for higher standard
education, the students, both boys and girls, have to go to Bharuch. With increase in
population due to industrial growth, the surrounding villages may start higher standards
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upto X and XII. Not only male students but female students can also take advantage of the
some and thereby, percentage of literate population in the local area may increase.
Transport:
With increased employment opportunities and higher economic status of the local
community and with an increase in market conditions, transport facilities by way of buses,
two-wheeler & four-wheeler vehicles will develop in future. Thus, overall development of
the local community and their health is likely to become a matter of fact with the co-
operation and support of GIDC and the industrial organizations of the local area. To sum up,
it could be said that there will be a positive effect due to improved communication and
health services, which would lead to economic prosperity, better educational opportunities
and access to better health and family welfare facilities. There will be a beneficial effect on
human settlement due to employment opportunities from various industrial establishments
in Saykha Industrial Estate. There is likely to be a beneficial impact on the local Socio-
Economic environment. There shall be no displacement of any population in the plant area.
The increasing industrial activity will boost up the commercial and economical status of the
locality to some extent.
1. This project is on non-agricultural land and therefore, it is not likely to alter the crop
production.
2. The manufacturing unit shall adopt comprehensive environmental plan covering
several environment protection measures to reduce the environmental pollution
resulting from the project.
To control the emission from process and utility stacks, the company would regularly
examine, inspect and test its emission to make sure that the emission is below the
permissible limit. With this, the status of sanitation and community health of the area would
not change.
4.2.8.6 FOREST, NATIONAL PARKS / SANCTUARIES
There is no reserved forest & no national park or sanctuary within 10 km radius of the plant.
There shall be no impact on the same.
4.2.8.7 PLACES OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL/HISTORICAL/RELIGIOUS/TOURIST INTEREST
There is no place of archaeological, historical, religious or tourist interest within the study
area i.e. 10 km radius of plant site. Hence, there shall be no impact on places of interest.
4.2.8.8. BENEFICIAL IMPACT OF GREEN BELT
Plants grown in such a way as to function as pollutant sinks are referred to as green belts.
Green belts are an effective tool in mitigating air pollution as they form a surface capable of
absorbing air pollutants and forming sinks for pollutants. Leaves with their vast area in a
tree crown, absorb pollutants on their surface, thus effectively reduce their concentrations
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in the ambient air. Apart from functioning as pollutant sinks, green belts provide other
benefits like aesthetic improvement and providing possible habitats for birds and animals,
thus re creating hospitable nature in an otherwise drab urban- Industrial scene. An
important aspect of a green belt that is to be considered is that the plants constituting green
belts are living organisms with limits to their tolerance towards air pollutants. As a result
crossing the threshold limits in terms of pollution load, would lead to injury to plants
causing death of tissues and reducing their absorption potential. Thus green belt is effective
as pollution sink only within the tolerance limits of constituent plants.
Advantages of Green-Belt: -
Air Pollution control- Trees help in removing carbon dioxide and other pollutants
from air and by release of oxygen into the air thereby improving air quality. A green
belt development can also help in removing particulate matter from the air by
trapping such particulate matter.
Noise control- A green belt reduces the intensity of sound. It functions as a barrier.
Trees can either deflect, refract or may absorb sound to reduce its intensity. The
intensity reduction depends on the distance sound has to travel from source. Trees
can also modify suitably the humidity and climate, which affects sound intensity.
Help in soil erosion control. Plant species help in improving soil quality and bind soil
particles thereby preventing erosion. Green belts also help in containing water run
offs.
4.3 IMPACTS ON HUMANS
Positive Impact:
The unit will generate the local employment for the proposed project. The project is likely to
give a boost to the economy of the area and provide primary and secondary sectors
employment to local people.
Project will lead to development of ancillary industries and an overall economic growth of
nearby towns to supplement the population of the area.
Project proponent will ensure to connect even last people with the infrastructural facility
like educational, health, road etc in the locality.
Other needs and social-economic aspects of local inhabitants will be dealt with CSR activities
& CER activities in the region.
Negative Impact:
There will be transformation of many aspects of human life like social structures, livelihood
pattern, health institution, education etc. which is subject to realization and behavioural
change of the Project Affected Family (PAFs).
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4.4 IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES OF GEOLOGY
Impact:
During Operation, Accidents and risk assessments - Changes in soil chemistry due to
addition of foreign material due to system failures and/or accidents.
In case of accidents mentioned in the risk scenarios, proper actions will be taken according
to the mitigation measures.
Storage, Transportation and Handling of Construction and other Raw Material and
Hazardous Waste - Changes in soil texture will lead to change in porosity, permeability &
other such physical characteristics of soil of the area.
Mitigation Measures:
Properly lined/paved area for the works having potential of leakage/spillage of fuel or
material like area for Storage of construction and other raw material etc. Proper Mitigative
measures like use of efficient pollution control systems, proper stack height, use of top soil
in plantation results in no significant impact on soil of the core zone. There will be no impact
on soil of the study area located beyond the working area of the proposed project. Soil
samples will be collected and tested at regular intervals from the nearby areas. This will help
in mitigation of any harmful impact on soil due to the project activity, if any. Transportation
of hazardous waste will be done as per CPCB Guidelines. The dumpers will be covered to
prevent spillage or dusting. The drivers will be imparted training. The containers/ dumpers
will be marked with the name of TSDF where it is to be sent, contact details and the other
details required.
4.5 IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES OF GEOHYDROLOGY
Impact:
Temporary contamination of groundwater may occur due to leakage and spillages. The
existing water level is less than 10 m hence care is required during the transportation and
storage. Also the area falls in a safe zone according to CGWB notification of 2011.
Contamination of groundwater may occur due to existing water level during any kind of
accidents or leakage. This will affect villages located around the site and crops may also get
affected.
Mitigation Measures:
Properly lined/paved area for the works having potential of leakage/spillage of fuel or
material like area for Storage of raw material etc. Transportation of hazardous waste will be
done as per CPCB Guidelines. The dumpers will be covered to prevent spillage or dusting.
The drivers will be imparted training. The containers / dumpers will be marked with the
name of TSDF where it is to be sent, contact details and the other details required.
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Plant water/ wastewater treatment and its conveyance system shall be designed and proper
monitoring and care shall be taken for effective management of treated effluents.
4.6 IMPACT ON ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
There will be negligible impact on Ecology and Biodiversity of the study area as the project
site is located in Notified Industrial Estate of GIDC Saykha and the unit will not be disposing
any effluent on land or water body and treated waste water will be sent to CETP for further
Treatment and Disposal.
The land at present is well developed and does not support any flora & fauna. After the
Permission greenbelt of 33% will be developed in the periphery of the projects site which
will have positive impact since it will support various Faunal & Floral diversity.
Also greenbelt will help in purifying the air and reduce noise pollution Greenbelt will
increase the aesthetic value of the site and increase employment.
Hence the proposed project will create positive impact on EB environment by increasing the
green area of the region.
4.7 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
Impact of Transportation
The vehicular traffic of trucks will increase during the construction phase. There will be
increase of 7 trucks, 6 tankers, 2 loader, 10 cars, 40 bikes per day and may cause additional
air pollution to the surrounding areas. The effects may be more prominent.
During Operation, Trucks, tankers and other vehicles may cause traffic jam outside and
within the premises and cause additional air pollution.
Mitigation Measures:
This will be temporary and restricted to construction phase only. However proper traffic
management will be followed as per the specified norms.
In GIDC, a well-developed GIDC main road and internal road are made and having carrying
capacity to take care of additional traffic due to proposed project.
Therefore no additional roads will required to be constructed therefore there will not be any
change in land use of the study area.
However, Separate entry and exit gate shall be provided and trained security guards shall be
deployed to ensure proper management and movement of vehicles within premises.
Internal RCC road along with signboard of traffic sign will be provided. Traffic rules and
discipline shall be strictly implemented.
Adequate internal road of will provided for uninterrupted movement of fire tender.
Speed break bumper shall be provided on internal road at regular interval to avoid over
speed.
No vehicles will stop near weight bridge, wheel washing area after completion of activities.
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To prevent Road accident following precautions to be taken :
• Transportation of waste/raw materials/ products by only authorized vehicles
• Regular training to drivers
• Organize awareness program
• Implementation of MSDS and TREM card
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4.8 MATRIX REPRESENTATION
The impact matrix relating the parameters to the activities during construction phase &
operation phase and environmental impact assessment matrix with score of each parameter
is presented in Table 4.7 & Table 4.8 respectively.
The quantification of impact is done using numerical scores as per the following criteria.
TABLE-4.5
SEVERITY CRITERIA FOR MAGNITUDE OF IMPACT
Sr.
No. Category Description of Category
Impact
Adverse Beneficial
1. No impact - 0 0
2. No appreciable impact Short term reversible -1 1
3. Significant impact Long term reversible -2 2
4. Major impact Irreversible but of lesser extent -3 3
5. High impact Irreversible but of medium extent -4 4
6. Permanent impact Severe irreversible impact -5 5
TABLE-4.6
CUMULATIVE SCORE RANGE FOR BENEFICIAL AND ADVERSE IMPACTS
Sr.
No.
Cumulative Score Meaning
+ve/ -ve Beneficial impact / adverse impact
1. 0-150 No appreciable Beneficial impact / adverse impact
2. 151-300 Appreciable but reversible adverse impact-mitigation
measures are needed
3. 301-450 Significant adverse impacts: most of the impacts are
reversible. Mitigation measures are crucial.
4. 451-600 Major adverse impacts; most of the impacts are
reversible. Alternative site selection to be considered.
5. >600 Permanent irreversible impact; alternatives to the project
need to be explored
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TABLE-4.7
IMPACT IDENTIFICATION MATRIX (CONSTRUCTION PHASE)
ACTIVITIES DURING
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Air
Qualit
y
Noise &
Odour
Water
Quality
Land
Quality
(Soil)
Solid
Hazardou
s Wastes
Risk &
Occupation
al Hazards
Ecology &
Bio
Diversity
Socio-
Economic
Status
Construction Material
Storage & Handling
X X X X X X
Water Requirement X X X
Sewage waste water
Discharge
X X X
Emissions during
operation of DG Set &
Machinery
X X X
Civil Construction
Activities
X X X X X X X X
Shutdown/ Startup X
Equipment Failures X X X X
Employment
Generation
X X X
Movement of Vehicles
for transportation of
vehicles and people
X X X X X X
Medical & Other
Needs
X X
Construction waste
disposal
X X X
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TABLE-4.7 (CONTD.)
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MATRIX
Activities Environmental Parameter Total
Air
Quality
Noise &
Odour
Water
Quality
Land
Quality
(Soil)
Solid
Hazard
ous
Wastes
Risk &
Occupa
tional
Hazards
Ecolog
y & Bio
Diversi
ty
Socio-
Economic
Status
Construction Material
Storage & Handling
-2 -2 - -1 - -2 - - -7
Water Requirement - - -2 - - - - -2 -4
Sewage waste water
Discharge
- - -1 -1 -1 - - - -3
Emissions during
operation of DG Set &
Machinery
-1 -1 - - -1 - - - -3
Civil Construction
Activities
-3 -3 -3 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -19
Shutdown/ Startup - - - - - -1 - - -1
Equipment Failures -1 - -1 - -1 -1 - - -4
Employment Generation - - -3 - -2 - - +5 0
Movement of Vehicles
for transportation of
vehicles and people
-2 -2 - -1 - -2 -2 -2 -11
Medical & Other Needs - - - - -1 - - - -1
Construction waste
disposal
-1 - - -2 -2 - - - -5
Cumulative score -10 -8 -10 -7 -10 -8 -4 -1 -58
Total cumulative score for various environmental parameters is -58 and it can be said that
there is no appreciable adverse impacts during construction phase.
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TABLE-4.8
IMPACT IDENTIFICATION MATRIX (OPERATION PHASE)
ACTIVITIES
DURING
OPERATION PHASE
Air
Quality
Noise
&
Odor
Water
Quality
Land
Quality
Solid
Hazardous
Wastes
Risk &
Occupationa
l Hazards
Ecology/
Land use
Socio-
Economic
Status
Water
Requirement
X X
Effluent Discharge X X X X X
Gaseous Emissions X X X X
Hazardous Waste
Disposal
X X X X
Raw material
Storage/ Transport
X X X X X
Raw Material
Handling
X X X X
Product Storage/
Handling
X X X X X
Spills & Leaks X X X X X X
Shutdown/
Startup
X X X X X X
Equipment
Failures
X X X X
Plant Operations X X X X
Transport of
Workers
X X X
Movement of
Vehicles
X X X
Greenbelt
development
X X X X X X
Employment X X X X X
Re-use of water X X
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TABLE-4.8 (Contd.)
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MATRIX
ACTIVITIES ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETER TOTAL
AIR
QUALITY
NOISE
&
ODOR
WATER
QUALITY
LAND
QUALITY
SOLID
HAZARDOUS
WASTES
RISK &
OCCUPATIONAL
HAZARDS
ECOLOGY
/ LAND
USE
SOCIO
ECONOMIC
STATUS
WATER
REQUIREMENT
0 0 -2 0 0 0 0 -2 -4
EFFLUENT
DISCHARGE
-2 0 -3 -2 0 -2 -1 0 -10
GASEOUS
EMISSIONS
-4 0 0 0 0 -2 -3 -2 -11
HAZARDOUS
WASTE
DISPOSAL
-2 0 0 -4 -4 -4 -4 0 -18
RAW MATERIAL
STORAGE/
TRANSPORT
-2 0 0 -1 0 -2 -2 0 -7
RAW MATERIAL
HANDLING
-2 0 0 -1 0 -2 -2 -2 -9
PRODUCT
STORAGE
-2 0 0 -1 -1 -2 -2 -2 -10
SPILLS & LEAKS -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 -6
SHUT DOWN/
START UP
-1 -1 -1 0 0 -1 0 0 -4
EQUIPMENT
FAILURE
-2 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4
PLANT
OPERATIONS
-2 -2 -2 0 0 -2 0 0 -8
TRANSPORT OF
WORKERS
-1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
MOVEMENT OF
VEHICLES
-2 -1 0 -1 0 -2 -2 -2 -10
GREENBELT
DEVELOPMENT
+8 +6 0 +6 0 0 +6 +4 +30
EMPLOYMENT 0 0 -2 0 -2 0 0 +15 +11
RE-USE OF
WATER
0 0 +4 0 0 0 0 +4 +8
CUMULATIVE
SCORE
-15 -2 -7 -5 -8 -20 -10 +15 -52
Total cumulative score for various environmental parameters is -52 and it can be said that
there is no appreciable adverse impacts during operation phase.
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4.9 SUMMARY
There are no appreciable adverse impacts during construction & operation phase on
surrounding environment. Regular water sprinkling on roads and regular vehicular
maintenance will be done to reduce fugitive emissions during vehicle movements. Vehicles
having PUC certificates will only be allowed to transport materials, equipment’s and will be
closed/ covered with tarpaulin sheet to avoid dust dispersion at site. Company will mostly
use Imported Coal as a fuel & will provide ESP + Water scrubber and Adequate Stack Height
to control flue gas emissions. Adequate Scrubber system will be provided to control process
gas emission and to mitigate the impact of air pollution. Unit will be provided separate entry
and exit for the smooth traffic movement. Power required will be supplied by DGVCL and D.
G. set will be used only in case of power failure. Water requirement will be through GIDC
Water supply; hence no major impact will be envisaged on surface or ground water
resources. Effluent (Low COD Stream from process (10 KL/Day) and Dilute Stream (46.35
KL/Day)) will be treated in primary CETP and send to CETP for further Treatment and
Disposal. Effluent (High COD & TDS Stream from process (170 KL/Day)) will be treated in ETP
and In-house MEE. Proper sanitation facility for workers within premises will be provided to
prevent contamination of water due to runoff. There will be generation of 25 Nos. of
category of hazardous waste from Process, ETP, Utilities and scrubber. It will be properly
packed & stored at a designated Onsite-secured area with impervious floor that offers
protection from sun & rain fall, spreading of leachate, mixing of wastes etc. Solid/
Hazardous waste will be collected, stored, transported and disposed as per the Hazardous
Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016.
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CHAPTER – 5:
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)
5.1 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY)
M/s. Starlite Paints will be equipped with SS, MS and Glass Lined reactors with Heat
Exchanger & Receiver, Centrifuges, ANFD, Spin Flash Drier, Tray Drier Storage Tanks etc. In
our aim of meeting the specific requirements of our clients related to Proposed Pesticide
Specific Intermediates Manufacturing Unit, we have established a widespread infrastructure
unit. The manufacturing unit is well equipped with technologically advanced machines and
equipment that enable us to process a wide range of Pesticide Specific Intermediates within
the promised time limits.
Pesticide Specific Intermediates Industries will have separate facilities for utility like Boiler,
TFH, cooling tower, Chill Water Plant, Chilled Brine Plant [-20 °C]and Air Compressor,
Nitrogen Plant also separate D.G. set to backup with DGVCL power failure.
We also maintain research facilities where we customize the products as per the details
specified by the clients. Our team of technical experts makes sure that all chemicals are safe
to use and timely processed.
Warehousing and Packaging
We also possess a spacious and well maintained warehouse facility that helps us to
effectively handle stored the raw material as well as ready to dispatch products. The entire
space is divided to easily accommodate Intermediates category wise. Further, we also
undertake:
All preventive measures in storing our products under proper labels
Maintaining records for future reference
Checking chemicals for any spillage & leakage
Quality packaging
Reasons for Technology/Process Selection
For the new products, technology know-how shall be obtained from reliable global
technology suppliers.
Our State-of-the-art R&D team is continuously working on optimization of process and
resources.
Our experienced Engineering team shall select the latest design and instrumentations.
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Adequate process control and instrumentation shall be provided for inherent safety and
process efficiency. DCS and PLC shall be provided to the maximum extent possible.
5.2 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (SITE)
No alternative site selection study has been conducted by project proponent as the project
will be developed in a well-developed notified industrial area.
Reasons for site selection:
Looking to the local & international market demand of the products it was decided by M/s.
Starlite Paints to set up a new facility at Saykha industrial area.
Major factors involved in the selection of site are listed below:
● Project site is located at Saykha Industrial Estate which is covered under PCPIR region
(Petroleum, Chemical & Petrochemical Investment Region) & PCPIR has obtained
Environmental and CRZ clearance vide file no. 21-49/2010-IA-III dated 14th September,
2017.
● Site is located in GIDC, which has availability of minimum required infrastructure facility.
● Minor site clearance activities shall be carried out to clear shrubs and weed.
● The project site is located on level ground, which does not require any major land filling
for area grading work.
● No sanctuaries or archeological sites are located in the vicinity of the area.
● No rehabilitation or resettlement of local people required.
● Site is very well connected by road and railway.
Availability of Fuel, Power, CETP, TSDF, etc. within the estate.
Modern infrastructure support and amenities at par in other global markets, including:
▪ Efficient transport facilities.
▪ Roadways – connected to State as well as National Highways
▪ Within the estate, planned network of RCC roads
▪ Railways – Dahej-Bharuch railway line, Jambusar – Bharuch Railway lines
▪ Bharuch has a Railway Junction, Dahej has a railway station
▪ Air route – Nearest airport of Surat & Vadodara
▪ Dahej is a well-developed port
▪ Sufficient height from the sea level to be geographically suitable for industrial activity.
▪ Availability of Resources viz.
▪ Water - from GIDC reservoir
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▪ Electricity Power - supplied from DGVCL
▪ Port facilities at Dahej and Mumbai
▪ Proximity to Raw Material suppliers
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CHAPTER - 6
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
6.1 PROJECT ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN
M/s. Starlite Paints shall adopt comprehensive environmental monitoring plan, which is
essential to take into account the changes in the environment. The objective of monitoring
is:
To verify the result of the impact assessment study in particular with regards to new
developments.
To follow the trend of parameters which have been identified as critical
To check or assess the efficiency of controlling measures
To ensure that new parameters, other than those identified in the impact
assessment study, do not become critical through the commissioning of new project.
To monitor effectiveness of Control Measures:
Monitor daily, Assess effectiveness of the Control Measures being implemented,
Explore the need to modify or add new Control Measures particularly if a violation is
observed & Report weekly.
Regular monitoring of environmental parameters will be made to find out any
deterioration in environmental quality.
Monitoring of the proposed project area will be regularly conducted. The attributes,
which merit regular monitoring, are specified underneath.
6.2 LABORATORY FACILITIES M/s. Starlite Paints shall develop its own laboratory equipped with different equipment i.e.
analytical balance, pH meter, COD digester (heating) apparatus, oven, incubator and
necessary glass-wares. Equipment of quality control laboratory will be also available for
analysis of environment parameters. M/s. Starlite Paints will made plan of the regular
monitoring to ensure that pollution will be limited to below prescribed limits and to take
corrective action. In case the monitored results of environment pollution shall be found to
exceed the prescribed limits, remedial actions shall be taken through the concerned plant
authorities. The actual operation and maintenance of pollution control equipments of each
department shall under respective department heads.
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6.2.1 DOCUMETATION & RECORDS
The environmental department in respect of operation of pollution control facility is
being/will maintain following records:
Instruction manual for operation and maintenance of pollution control equipments.
Log sheet for self-monitoring of pollution control equipments.
Manual for monitoring of Air, water for ambient conditions.
Instruction manual for monitoring of water, solid and gaseous parameter discharged
from the factory and also for various parameters of pollution control facilities.
Stationary records as per the Environmental Acts.
Monthly and annual progress reports.
Medical checkup of employees.
Regularly these documents & records shall be reviewed for necessary improvement of
the monitoring plan/mitigation measures/environmental technologies as well as for
necessary actions of Environmental Management Cell.
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6.3 POST PROJECT MONITORING PLAN
Environment monitoring plan for proposed plant has described in Table-6.1 along with
Environment Components, parameter, standards to be followed, location and frequency.
TABLE - 6.1
PROJECT ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN
Environmental
Component
Parameters Standards Frequency
Air Environment
AAQM at plant site As prescribed by GPCB
including PM2.5, PM10, SO2,
NOx, HBr & HCl
Prescribed
by CPCB
Once in a month through NABL
Lab.
Stack emission
monitoring
Parameters prescribed by
GPCB of Flue Gas emission
and Process Gas Emission
Prescribed
by GPCB
Once in a month by NABL Lab.
Fugitive emissions/ work
place monitoring within
the plant side
VOC, PM10 & PM2.5 Prescribed
by GPCB
Once in a month by NABL Lab.
Water Environment
Surface water quality Parameters prescribed by
GPCB
Water
quality
Standards
Once in a Season
Ground water quality Parameters prescribed by
GPCB
Water
quality
Standards
Once in a Season
Noise Environment
Ambient Noise at plant
site
Noise level in dB(A) As per
National
Noise
Standards
Once in a Month
Soil Environment
At plant site Analysis of pH,
conductivity, Sulphates,
calcium, magnesium, Cl-
-- Once in a Season
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6.3.1 MONITORING METHODOLOGIES
Monitoring of environmental samples shall be collected as per the guidelines provide by
MoEF&CC/ CPCB/ GPCB. The method followed shall be recommended/standard method
approved/recommended by MoEF&CC/ CPCB.
TABLE 6.2 Method of Environmental Sampling & Analysis
Attributes Method
Sampling / Preservation Analysis
A. Air Environment
1. Micro meteorological
data
2. Ambient Air Quality
Mechanical/automatic
1. Mechanical or automatic
weather station/Meteorological
Department
2. Samplers (Designed as per
USEPA) to collect PM2.5, PM10
and the gaseous samples
--
Standard methods such
as IS - 5182 & CPCB
guideline, ASTM, etc.
B. Noise Instrument: Noise level meter --
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6.4 ENVIRONMENT POLICY
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6.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL
Apart from having an environmental management plan, it is also necessary to have a
permanent organizational set up charged with the task of ensuring effective
implementation. In this effect, M/s. Starlite Paints will assign responsibilities to officers from
various disciplines to co-ordinate the activities concerned with management and
implementation of environment control measures.
An organogram of Environment management cell is shown in Figure 6.1. This department
shall undertake the monitoring of environment pollution level by measuring stack
emissions, Ambient air quality, water and effluent quality, Noise level, etc. either
departmentally or by appointing external agency whenever necessary.
M/s. Starlite Paints shall carry out the regular monitoring in future as well as ensure that
pollution is limited below prescribed limits and shall take corrective action by providing new
pollution control equipment if required. In case the monitored results of environment
pollution are found to exceed the prescribed limits, remedial actions are taken through the
concerned plant authorities. The actual operation and maintenance of pollution control
equipment of each department is under respective department heads.
The environmental department shall also look after preparation and submission of Water
Cess Return, Environmental statement and Consolidated Consent & Authorization
application/ renewal under water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, Air
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, Ambient Air Quality as per NAAQS
Standards, 2009 and Hazardous & Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary
Movement) Rules, 2016 under Environment Protection Act, 1986.
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FIGURE - 6.1
ORGANOGRAM OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL
GENERAL MANAGER
ASSISTANT MANAGER
GENERAL MANAGER GENERAL MANAGER
SHIFT IN - CHARGE EXECUTIVE EXECUTIVE SHIFT IN - CHARGE
OPERATOR OPERATOR OPERATOR OPERATOR
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6.6 COMPANY HAS A SYSTEM OF REPORTING OF NON COMPLIANCES / VIOLATIONS OF
ENVIRONMENTAL NORMS TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE COMPANY AND / OR
SHAREHOLDERS OR STAKEHOLDERS AT LARGE.
Company have a system of reporting of non compliances / violations of environmental
norms to the Proprietor
• Operators will be responsible for Operation of EHS system. If any problem will be
observed in operation, then the operator will report the same to the Shift In-Charge.
• Shift In-Charge will be responsible for implementing HSE Management Programs. If
any non-compliances/ violations of environmental norms will be observed, then the
executives will report the same to the Assistant Manager.
• Assistant Manager will be responsible to define and monitor the key characteristics
for measure of performance in production, maintenance and EHS. Assistant Manager
is responsible to report the non-compliances received to Partner.
• General Manager will have overall responsibility for effective implementation of
Occupational Health, Safety & Environment Management System (OHS & EMS) and
the partner will conduct management review every three months to assess the
effectiveness of HSE Management System. If necessary, resources will be allocated
for taking Corrective and Preventive action on Non-Conformance within time period.
• General Manager will advise and monitor the establishment and implementation of
HS & EMS.
• Verification activities, including internal HSE Audits shall be carried out at the
direction of General Manager.
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CHAPTER - 7
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
In order to support the environment impact assessment and environment management
plan, following additional studies have been included in the report.
Risk assessment
Disaster Management Plan
On-site and off-site emergency action plan
Occupational Health and Safety Management System
7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT
7.1.1 INTRODUCTION
Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of the various hazards (unsafe
conditions). On the other hand, risk assessment deals with recognition and computation of
risks, the equipment in the plant and personnel are prone to, due to accidents resulting
from the hazards present in the plant.
Risk assessment follows an extensive hazard analysis. It involves the identification and
assessment of risks the neighboring populations are exposed to as a result of hazards
present. This requires a thorough knowledge of failure probability, credible accident
scenario, vulnerability of population etc. Much of this information is difficult to get or
generate. Consequently, the risk assessment is often confined to maximum credible
accident studies. It provides basis for what should be type and capacity of its on-site and off-
site emergency plan also what types of safety measures shall be required.
7.1.2 APPROACH TO THE STUDY
Risk involves the occurrence or potential occurrence of some accidents consisting of an
event or sequence of events. The risk assessment study covers the following:
Identification of potential hazard area;
Identification of representative failure cases;
Visualization of the resulting scenarios in terms of fire and explosion;
Assess the overall damage potential of the identified hazardous events and the
impact zones form the accidental scenarios;
Furnish the recommendations on the minimization of the worst accident possibilities
Preparation of Disaster Management Plan;
Emergency Plan, which includes Occupational and Health Safety Plan;
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7.1.3 METHODOLOGY
Quantitative risk assessment (QRA) is a means of making a systematic assessment of the
risks from hazardous activities, and forming a rational evaluation of their significance, in
order to provide input to a decision-making process. The term ‘quantitative risk assessment’
is widely used, but strictly this refers to the purely numerical assessment of risks without
any evaluation of their significance. The study has been conducted based on the premises of
a traditional Quantitative Risk Assessment. The key components of a QRA are explained
below, and illustrated in Figure-7.1 and Figure-7.2.
FIGURE – 7.1
QRA METHODOLOGY
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FIGURE–7.2
FLOW CHART FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT
Start Identify Risk Areas
Select a Risk Area
Identify Failure Cases
Select a Failure Cases
Identify Consequence Outcomes
Select Consequence Outcomes
Determine Frequency
Estimate Consequence
Record Frequency and Consequence in a summary Table
Have all Consequence outcomes been studied?
Have all failure cases been studied?
Have all risk areas been studied?
Draw Risk Contours Finish
Yes
Next Next
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7.1.4 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
Identification of hazards in the proposed project activity is of primary significance of the
analysis, and quantification. Hazard states the characteristics of system/plant/process that
presents potential for an accident. All the components of a system/plant/process need to be
thoroughly examined to assess their potential for initiating or propagating an unplanned
event/sequence of events, which can be termed as an accident.
7.1.4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS AREAS
The procedure for QRA starts with identification of major risk areas in the installation.
Operation carried out in specialty and agrochemical Industries usually come under certain
board, general categories. At M/s. Starlite Paints, major risk areas are as follows:
Bulk storage area for Raw Materials at ambient temperature and atmospheric
pressure.
Process Plant involving pumping, transportation, reactors, distillation, heating, cooling,
etc.
Bulk loading and unloading from storage tanks to road takers and vice versa.
7.1.4.2 IDENTIFICATION OF FAILURE CASES FOR HAZARDOUS AREAS
Release due to catastrophic failure of storage tanks or process vessels.
Rupture of connected pipe with storage tank or process vessels.
Continuous release at significant rates for long durations transfer pipelines caused by
sudden, major break of the pipeline.
Continuous release at low rate through small holes or cracks in piping and vessels, flange
leaks, and leakage from pump glands and similar seals.
It is to be noted that for Quantitative Risk Assessment, worst case scenarios has been
considered, though their frequency of occurrence is much lower than the cases of small
leaks.
7.1.4.3 MAJOR HAZARDOUS AREAS AND SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
The hazardous chemical storage area is shown in Figure-7.3. The major Hazardous chemicals
to be stored, transported, handled and utilized within the plot area are summarized in the
Table-7.1. Other hazards and control measures are summarized in Table-7.2. Facilities /
System for process safety, transportation, firefighting system and emergency capabilities to
be adopted are stated below.
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FIGURE-7.3
HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL STORAGE AREA
Hazardous
Chemical
Storage area
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TABLE-7.1
STORAGE AND HANDLING DETAILS OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
Sr.
No.
Name of the
Hazardous
Substance
Maximum
Storage
No of
Vessels
Vessel
Capacity
Mode of
Storage Type Of Hazard
1 Chlorine 9.9 MT 11 0.9 MT Tonner Toxic
2 Bromine 8 MT 2
(1 Spare
Tank)
8 KL Iso tank
Toxic
3 Toluene 100 MT 2 50 MT Tank Flammable 4 Trimethyl
orthoformate
15 MT 1 15 MT Tank Flammable/Toxic
5 Acetic
Anhydride
15 MT 1 15 MT Tank Corrosive
6 Methanol 50 MT 1 50 MT Tank Flammable
7 Ethylene
Dichloride
35 MT 1 35 MT Tank Toxic &
Flammable
8 O- Xylene 40 MT 2 20 MT Tank Flammable/Toxic
9 Hydrocloric
Acid
35 MT 1 35 MT Tank Corrosive
10 NaOH 35 MT 1 35 MT Tank Toxic
11 MDCB 35 MT 1 35 MT Tank Flammable/Toxic
12 PAC 35 MT 1 35 MT Tank Toxic
13 Cyclohexane 30 MT 2 15 MT Tank Flammable
14 Methyl
Formate 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum Flammable
15 Dimethyl
sulfoxide 3 MT 15 200 lit Drum Flammable/Toxic
16 Phenol 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum Toxic &
Flammable
17 KOH 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum Toxic
18 KMnO4 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum Toxic
19 Thiocarbohydr
azide 3 MT 15 200 lit Drum Toxic
20 Benzene 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum --
21 AlCl3 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum Toxic
22 Acetyl
Chloride 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum Flammable/Toxic
23 Propionic Acid 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum Flammable
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TABLE 7.2
OTHER HAZARDS AND CONTROL
SR.
NO.
NAME OF THE
POSSIBLE HAZARD OR
EMERGENCY
ITS SOURCES
&
REASONS
ITS EFFECTS ON
PERSONS, PROPERTY &
ENVIRONMENT
PLACE OF ITS
EFFECT
CONTROL MEASURES PROVIDED
1 BOILER
(1) Burning
(2) Physical injury
(3) Explosion
Over pressure in the boiler if
safety valve not working. Water
level indicator not working. Low
water level indicator fails. High
temp. System fails.
Minor/Major Injury Loss
of human life Loss of
property (Loss of Main/
Machine Material)
Boiler House
and surrounding
places
Lower & Upper Level Indication System provision. Safety valves for pressure
control fixed temp. & pressure indicator provided. Blow down & blowing
system provided for cleaning tube and shell. Soft water used. Inter locking
provided on pumps, FD fan, ID fan. Periodical checking & inspection
maintenance done. Yearly inspection done by Boiler Inspector.
2 ELECTRICITY
(1) Burning
(2) Fire
(3) Shock
Loose Contacts, Weak earthling
Short Circuit Improper Insulation
Burning, Shock, Death Surrounding the
accident area
Proper Earthing, Periodical Checking of joints, proper insulations of
Equipments, etc. Flame proof fitting in solvent storage area, bounding and
jumpers to all solvent barrier lines provided.
3 HOUSE KEEPING
(1) Physical
(2) Burning
(3) Fire
(4) Chemical Exposure
Bad House keeping Physical / Chemical
Thermal Burn Injury
(Major / Minor)
In all
surrounding
areas i.e.
Storage, Plants
Proper Handling, regular cleaning, Proper placement of material (RIGHT THING
AT THE RIGHT PLACE)
4 PIPE LINE LEAKAGES
Spillages etc.
(1) Corrosion
(2) Toxic gas release
Leaking of pipe line due to
corrosion, Loose contact etc.
Physical / Chemical
Thermal Burn Injury
(Major / Minor)
Plant area Proper maintenance, Proper Selection of Material for pipe lines, Immediate
attention, Earthing provided, flame proof fitting, NO SMOKING Boards
displayed.
5 Structural Failure Inside the factory (Corrosion) Injury/Death to persons,
damage to property
Within the
factory
Automatic operation Periodic Testing of safety valves Regular Inspection and
Maintenance
6 Toxic Release from
outside
Outside the factory Injury/Death Within &
outside the unit
Alarm, Evacuation rescue & shelter/ Welfare
7 Natural Calamity Nature Injury / Death to
persons, damage to
property
Within &
outside the unit
Alarm, Evacuation rescue & shelter/ Welfare
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TABLE 7.3
HAZARDOUS PROPERTIES OF THE CHEMICALS, COMPATIBILITIES, SPECIAL HAZARD AND ANTIDOTES
Name of Chemical Hazard F.P (0C) BP (0C) LEL % UEL % SP.GR.
20 0C VD
NFPA
H F R TLV/ TWA IDLH LC50 / LD50 Antidote
Chlorine gas T - -34 - - 1.40 2.45 4 0 0 0.5 10 <5000 mg/kg (Rat) No specific antidote
Liquid Bromine T NA 58.78 NA NA 3.11 7.1 3 0 0 0.66 ppm 3 ppm 2,600 mg/kg [Rat] No specific antidote
Toluene F 4.444 110.6 1.1 7.1 0.8636 3.1 2 3 0 300 ppm 500 ppm 49000 mg/m 4
hours [Rat] Oxygen, Novasine Eye drops.
Trimethyl
orthoformate F & T 13
101 –
102 1.40 44.60 0.970 3.67 2 3 0 - - 412 mg/L/48h No specific antidote
Acetic Anhydride C 54 140 2.9 10.3 1.0820 3.5 3 2 1 5 ppm 200 ppm 1000 ppm/4H [Rat] No specific antidote
Methanol F 12 64.5 6 36.5 0.7915 1.11 1 3 0 250 ppm 6000 ppm 64000 ppm 4 hours
[Rat]
Oxygen, Baking Soda in a glass of
water, ethanol, Novasine Eye drops.
Ethylene
Dichloride T & F 13 82 - 84 0.062 0.162 1.25 1.24 3 3 0 1 ppm 50 ppm
2646 ppm 1 hours
[Rat] No specific antidote
O-Xylene F & T 31 143 to
145 0.9 6.7 0.865 3.7 2 3 0 N.A 724 ppm 3608 mg/kg No specific antidote
Hydrochloric
Acid C NA 108.58 NA NA
1.1-
1.19 1.267 3 0 1 5 ppm 50 ppm
4701 ppm 0.5
hours [Rat]
Milk of Magnesia, Drink Large
Quantity of Water
Sodium
Hydroxide T 1390 NA NA NA NA 1.38 NA 2 mg/m3 10
mg/m3 NA No specific antidote
Cyclohexane F -18.0 80.7 1 9 0.770 2.90 2 3 0 100 ppm 1300
ppm
13.9 mg/L 4 h
[Rat] No specific antidote
Methyl Formate F -32 31 –
33 4.5 23 0.968 2.07 2 4 0 50 ppm
4500
ppm
LD50 > 5000
mg/kg ( Rabbit )
The preferred antidote is
fomepizole, with ethanol used if this
is not available
Dimethyl
sulfoxide F & T 87 189 2.6 42 1.1 2.7 2 2 1 - -
LD50 = 40 g/kg
( Rat )
Topical DMSO is considered an
effective and safe antidote to be
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used with topical cooling
Phenol F & T 79 182 1.7 8.6 1.057 3.24 4 2 0 5 ppm 250 ppm 317 mg/kg [Rat] No specific antidote
KOH T -- 1320 -- -- 2.04 NA 3 0 1 2 mg/m3 2 mg/m3 284 mg/kg ( Rat ) No specific antidote
Benzene F -11 80.1 1.3 7.1 0.876
5 2.8 2 3 0 0.1 ppm 500 ppm
930 mg/kg
[Rat] No specific antidote
Aluminium
Chloride T NA 182 NA NA 2.440 NA 3 0 2 2 mg/m3 -- 3470 mg/kg (Rat) No specific antidote
Acetyl Chloride F & T 4 51 7.3 19 1.100 2.7 3 3 2 -- -- 910 mg/kg ( Rat ) No specific antidote
Propionic Acid F 51 141 2 12 0.994
2 2.56 3 2 0 10 ppm -- 2600 mg/kg (Rat) No specific antidote
F = FIRE T = TOXIC
E = Explosive R = REACTIVE
BP = BOILING POINT LEL = LOWER EXPLOSIVE LIMIT
UEL = UPPER EXPLOSIVE LIMIT SP.GR = SPECIFIC GRAVITY
VD = VAPOUR DENSITY ER = EVAPORATION RATE
H = HEALTH HAZARD CLASS F = FIRE HAZARD CLASS
R = REACTIVE HAZARD BR = BURNING RATE
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7.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
7.2.1 Control measures provided for Solvent Tank Farm:
1. Construction & Installation of solvent storage facility is provided as per explosive act,
(License & local rules / regulation followed).
2. Flame proof electrical fitting & intrinsically safe instruments are installed.
3. Flame arrestor installed on vent pipe with breather valve & emergency vent valve
provided.
4. Earth fault relay trip installed for solvent tanker unloading system (Solvent pump
having interlock with grounding of the tanker to make 100% grounding.).
5. Grounding (double earthing) & Jumper for flange joint provided for all installation &
it is monitored periodically.
6. Road Tanker grounded before unloading.
7. Convenient metallic SS hose pipes provided for tanker unloading for better
connectivity.
8. Deep in let pipe provided inner side of the solvent tanks.
9. Check list is followed for loading & unloading.
10. Level indicator provided on the tank.
11. Adequate dyke wall (noncombustible) is provided.
12. Leakage collection bund with foam system is provided.
13. Combustible Gas Detection system, Fire (Foam / Powder) extinguisher, Foam
monitors is provided.
14. F-30 coating provided for solvent storage tanks.
15. Nitrogen blanketing system is provided.
16. Closed handling system is provided.
17. Smoke detector system installed at Hydrogen Peroxide storage room.
18. Cooling system provided for Hydrogen Peroxide storage room.
19. In case of High temperature of Hydrogen Peroxide Storage Room, High temp.
indication provided & connected centralized DCS system.
7.2.2 Control measures provided for Acid / Alkali Tank Farm:
1. Adequate dyke wall (with acid proof coating) provided.
2. Level indicator with high level alarm provided on the tank.
3. Water curtain system installed on southern extreme of site in front of tank farm to
avoid gas dispersing on general road traffic.
4. Scrubber system installed for HCL storage tank & used during road tanker unloading.
5. Adequate flexible SS hose provided for tanker connection for unloading.
6. Dedicated pumps are provided and located with its close proximity to the respective
tank to avoid unintentional mistake of mixing of chemicals.
7. Leakage / Spillage handling kit provided.
8. To avoid chemical exposure, closed handling system is provided.
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9. Fire hydrant system provided including water curtain system.
7.2.3 Control measures provided for Warehouse:
1. Fixed electrical fitting is provided. Lighting is installed between racks above the
gangways & away from material storage to avoid heating to storage goods.
2. Electrical fitting tested periodically (i.e. electrical load thermo graphic temperature
measurement, mechanical integrity of cables, physical condition of cable & other
electrical appliances / installation.)
3. BT reach truck battery charging station is provided outside of ware house.
4. Appropriate passage, gangways provided.
5. Fire detection system (Beam Detector) provided.
6. Adequate portable fire extinguishers installed at noticeable position & kept easily
accessible.
7. Fire hydrant system provided.
8. Auto sprinkler system provided on individual racks compartments at Ware House:
this system is independent system having Separate Pumps with separate piping from
Pump House to Ware House, it consists of automatic operated sprinkler on 59°C.
9. Fire Alarm System: Automatic fire detection & alarm system consists of Fire
Detectors, Addressable Manual Call Points (MCP) & Hooters Beam Detectors (Ware
House) are placed at strategic locations and connected by cable to central control
panel at ECC with repeater panel at DCS Control Room.
10. Emergency exit provided.
11. A warehouse is used exclusively for storage activities. Loose chemical handling not
allowed.
12. Chemical segregation is done based on reactivity.
13. In case of maintenance work, Ignition sources controlled by hot work permit system.
14. Natural & Eco ventilator is provided.
15. Proper drainage system is provided for used fire water.
7.3 PRECAUTIONS DURING STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
LIQUIDS
Always use the road tankers having authorization for transporting the said liquids.
Vendor will be asked to provide MSDS to Tanker Driver.
Tankers will have clearly marked identification of material being contained with
mentioning Safety Card.
Driver to have concerned Safety Officer’s contact details to contact him in case of
emergency.
Provide muffler on exhaust while entering tanker within premises.
Ensure Earthing Boss connection before starting any transferring.
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SOP to cover routine checking of Tank farm area to be carried out for checking any
spillage / leakage.
Tanks will be inspected physically daily for having any visual abnormality.
Readings of Temperature & Pressure will be noted, recorded & reported immediately for
abnormality.
Safety instruments like rupture disc, safety valves will be checked at defined duration for
intakeness.
Scheduled testing of tanks to be done for thickness testing.
Tanks to be painted on regular interval defined as per laws to protect them from
atmospheric corrosion.
Barrels to be checked for proper fixing of bungs before sending it outside the premises.
Barrels to be monitored physically daily for developing any pressure or vacuum within it
on long storage.
Concerned persons will be trained properly to use spill kit in case of observing any
spillage inside warehouse.
SOLIDS
Vendor will be asked to provide MSDS to Truck Driver.
Driver to have concerned Safety Officer’s contact details to contact him in case of
emergency.
Provide muffler on exhaust while entering truck within premises.
SOP to cover routine checking of Bags & Containers for checking any damage.
Containers to be tested for safe racking & transportation.
Proper PPE to be used while handling the material & concerned persons to be trained for
usage of the same.
Concerned persons will be trained properly to use spill kit in case of observing any
spillage inside warehouse.
7.4 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
In the storage of chemical & manufacturing operation various flammable / toxic / corrosive
material, compressed gases are utilized &also the stock of the combustible material is
maintained. These items have potential to lead to an accident (explosion / fires etc).
The major industrial hazards can be divided into following different categories.
1. FIRE HAZARD.
2. EXPLOSION HAZARD.
3. TOXIC HAZARD.
Above hazard should be taken into consideration because some of the chemical used,
stored are having inflammable / flammable, toxic, corrosive and explosion properties.
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7.4.1 Hazard Control Measures
A) Hazard Control Measures:
1) Fire Hazard 2) Others Hazard 3) Chemical / Solvent leakage
Flameproof electrical apparatus
installed at probable fire hazard
area.
Well maintained Fire Fighting
Apparatus (fire extinguisher, fire
hydrant system) in sufficient
quantity.
Well defined storage facility for
fire hazard substances.
Copper Jumpers are provided on
solvent transferring lines.
Earthing/Bonding system is
provided at designated areas.
Smoke detectors and fire alarm
system installed at site.
Process / operation handling by
competent person only.
Permit to work system.
Round the clock availability of
qualified Safety Officer &
Paramedic.
Mutual aid with nearby
industries and Disaster
Preventive Management Centre.
WH & Solvent Building located
away from other plants.
Online flammable gas
detection meters with audible
alarm / hooter.
Explosion proof wall & doors of
process area where such
hazards are apparent.
Copper Jumpers are provided
on solvent transferring lines.
Earthing/Bonding system is
provided at designated areas.
Process operated by
competent person only.
Regular testing / inspection of
pressure vessels by competent
person
Installation of safety valve on
probable explosion hazards
vessels.
Permit to work system.
Handling of chemicals with
confined containers / drums
only.
Availability of spillage control
kit & sand buckets on specific
locations.
Regular monitoring of VOC
level of plant by internally
and externally agency and
precaution are taken to
avoid exposure.
PPEs like organic cartridge
mask, air bubbler and full
body pressure suit with
breathing air provision are
provided as and when
required.
People in vicinity of area are
trained to use spillage
control kit.
SCBA set is readily available
at designated locations for
emergency scenario.
7.5 CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS
In a plant handling hazardous chemicals, the main hazard arises due to storage, handling &
use of these chemicals. If these chemicals are released into the atmosphere, they may cause
damage due to resulting fires or vapour clouds. Blast Overpressures depend upon the
reactivity class of material between two explosive limits.
Operating Parameters
Potential vapour release for the same material depends significantly on the operating
conditions. Especially for any liquefied gas, the operating conditions are very critical to
assess the damage potential. If we take up an example of ammonia, if it is stored at ambient
temperature, say 30oC, and then the vapour release potential of the inventory is much
higher as compared to the case if it is stored at 0oC.
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Inventory
Inventory Analysis is commonly used in understanding the relative hazards and short listing
of release scenarios. Inventory plays an important role in regard to the potential hazard.
Larger the inventory of a vessel or a system, larger the quantity of potential release. The
potential vapour release (source strength) depends upon the quantity of liquid release, the
properties of the materials and the operating conditions (pressure, temperature). If all
these influencing parameters are combined into a matrix and vapour source strength
estimated for each release case, a ranking should become a credible exercise.
Loss of Containment
Plant inventory can get discharged to Environment due to Loss of Containment. Certain
features of materials to be handled at the plant need to the clearly understood to firstly list
out all significant release cases and then to short list release scenarios for a detailed
examination. Liquid release can be either instantaneous or continuous. Failure of a vessel
leading to an instantaneous outflow assumes the sudden appearance of such a major crack
that practically all of the contents above the crack shall be released in a very short time. The
more likely event is the case of liquid release from a hole in a pipe connected to the vessel.
The flow rate is depending on the size of the hole as well as on the pressure, which was
present, in front of the hole, prior to the accident. Such pressure is basically dependent on
the pressure in the vessel. The vaporisation of released liquid depends on the vapour
pressure and weather conditions. Such consideration and others have been kept in mind
both during the initial listing as well as during the short listing procedure. In the study,
Maximum Credible Loss accident methodology is to be used, therefore, the largest potential
hazard inventories have been considered for consequence estimation.
7.5.1 DAMAGE CRITERIA
In consequence, analysis, use is made of a number of calculation models to estimate the
physical effects of an accident (spill of hazardous material) and to predict the damage
(lethality, injury, material destruction) of the effects. The calculations can roughly be divided
in three major groups:
a) Determination of the source strength parameters;
b) Determination of the consequential effects;
c) Determination of the damage or damage distances.
The basic physical effect models consist of the following.
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Source strength parameters
* Calculation of the outflow of liquid, vapour or gas out of a vessel or a pipe, in case of
rupture. Also two-phase outflow can be calculated.
* Calculation, in case of liquid outflow, of the instantaneous flash evaporation and of
the dimensions of the remaining liquid pool.
* Calculation of the evaporation rate, as a function of volatility of the material, pool
dimensions and wind velocity.
* Source strength equals pump capacities, etc. in some cases.
Consequential effects
* Dispersion of gaseous material in the atmosphere as a function of source strength,
relative density of the gas, weather conditions and topographical situation of the
surrounding area.
* Intensity of heat radiation [in kW/ m2] due to a fire or a BLEVE, as a function of the
distance to the source.
* Energy of vapour cloud explosions [in N/m2], as a function of the distance to the
distance of the exploding cloud.
* Concentration of gaseous material in the atmosphere, due to the dispersion of
evaporated chemical. The latter can be either explosive or toxic.
It may be obvious, that the types of models that must be used in a specific risk study
strongly depend upon the type of material involved:
- Gas, vapour, liquid, solid
- Inflammable, explosive, toxic, toxic combustion products
- Stored at high/low temperatures or pressure
- Controlled outflow (pump capacity) or catastrophic failure?
Selection of Damage Criteria
The damage criteria give the relation between extent of the physical effects (exposure) and
the percentage of the people that will be killed or injured due to those effects. The
knowledge about these relations depends strongly on the nature of the exposure. For
instance, much more is known about the damage caused by heat radiation, than about the
damage due to toxic exposure, and for these toxic effects, the knowledge differs strongly
between different materials.
In Consequence, Analysis studies, in principle three types of exposure to hazardous effects
are distinguished:
1. Heat radiation, from a jet, pool fire, a flash fire or a BLEVE.
2. Explosion
3. Toxic effects, from toxic materials or toxic combustion products.
In the next three paragraphs, the chosen damage criteria are given and explained.
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Heat Radiation
The consequence caused by exposure to heat radiation is a function of:
The radiation energy onto the human body [kW/m2];
The exposure duration [sec];
The protection of the skin tissue (clothed or naked body).
The limits for 1% of the exposed people to be killed due to heat radiation, and for
second-degree burns are given in the table herein:
Damages to Human Life Due to Heat Radiation
Exposure Duration Radiation for 1%
lethality (kW/m2)
Radiation for 2nd
degree burns (kW/m2)
Radiation for first
degree burns (kW/m2)
10 Sec 21.1 16 12.4
30 Sec 9.3 7.0 4.0
Since in practical situations, only the own employees will be exposed to heat radiation in
case of a fire, it is reasonable to assume the protection by clothing. It can be assumed that
people would be able to find a cover or a shield against thermal radiation in 10 sec. time.
Furthermore, 100% lethality may be assumed for all people suffering from direct contact
with flames, such as the pool fire, a flash fire or a jet flame. The effects due to relatively
lesser incident radiation intensity are given below.
Effects Due To Incident Radiation Intensity
INCIDENT RADIATION
kW/m2
TYPE OF DAMAGE
0.7 Equivalent to Solar Radiation
1.6 No discomfort for long exposure
4.0 Sufficient to cause pain within 20 sec. Blistering of skin (first degree
burns are likely)
9.5 Pain threshold reached after 8 sec. second degree burns after 20 sec.
12.5 Minimum energy required for piloted ignition of wood, melting
plastic tubing etc.
Explosion
In case of vapour cloud explosion, two physical effects may occur:
* a flash fire over the whole length of the explosive gas cloud;
* a blast wave, with typical peak overpressures circular around ignition source.
As explained above, 100% lethality is assumed for all people who are present within the
cloud proper.
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For the blast wave, the lethality criterion is based on:
* A peak overpressure of 0.1 bar will cause serious damage to 10% of the
housing/structures.
* Falling fragments will kill one of each eight persons in the destroyed buildings.
The following damage criteria may be distinguished with respect to the peak overpressures
resulting from a blast wave:
Damage Due to Overpressures
Peak Overpressure Damage Type
0.83 bar Total Destruction
0.30 bar Heavy Damage
0.10 bar
0.03 bar
Moderate Damage
Significant Damage
0.01 bar Minor Damage
From this it may be concluded that p = 0.17 E+5 pa corresponds approximately with 1%
lethality. Furthermore it is assumed that everyone inside an area in which the peak
overpressure is greater than 0.17 E+ 5 pa will be wounded by mechanical damage. For the
gas cloud explosion this will be inside a circle with the ignition source as its centre.
Intoxication
The consequences from inhalation of a toxic vapour/gas are determined by the toxic dose.
This dose D is basically determined by:
- Concentration of the vapour in air;
- Exposure duration.
Furthermore, of course, the breathing rates of the victim, as well as the specific toxic
mechanism unto the metabolism play an important role.
The dose is defined as D = Cn.t, with:
C = concentration of the toxic vapour, in [ppm] or [mg/m3];
t = exposure duration, in [sec] or [min];
n = exponent, mostly > 1.0; this exponent takes into account the fact that a high
concentration over a short period results in more serious injury than a low
concentration over a relatively longer period of exposure. The value of n
should be greater than zero but less than 5.
The given definition for D only holds if the concentration is more or less constant over the
exposure time; this may be the case for a (semi) continuous source. In case of an
instantaneous source, the concentration varies with time; the dose D must be calculated
with an integral equation:
D = Cn.dt
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For a number of toxic materials, so-called Vulnerability Models (V.M.) has been developed.
The general equation for a V.M. (probit function) is:
Pr = a + b.ln (Cn.t), with
Pr = probit number, being a representation of the percentage of people suffering
a certain kind of damage, for instance lethality
Pr = 2.67 means 1% of the population;
Pr = 5.00 means 50% of the population;
a and b material dependent numbers;
Cn.t = dose D, as explained above.
The values for a and b are mostly derived from experiments with animals; occasionally,
however, also human toxicity factors have been derived from accidents in past. In case only
animal experiments are available, the inhalation experiments with rats seem to be best
applicable for predicting the damage to people from acute intoxication. Although much
research in this field have been done over the past decades, only for a limited number of
toxic materials consequence models have been developed. Often only quite scarce
information is available to predict the damage from an acute toxic exposition. Data
transformation from oral intoxication data to inhalation toxicity criteria is sometimes
necessary. Generally, in safety evaluations pessimistic assumptions are applied in these
transformation calculations. The calculated damage (distance) may be regarded as a
maximum. For the purposes of a response to a major incident, the IDLH value level has been
chosen for the ‘wounded‘ criteria. This type of injury will require medical attention.
7.5.2 MAXIMUM CREDIBLE LOSS ACCIDENT SCENARIOS
A Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) can be characterised as the worst credible accident. In
other words: an accident in an activity, resulting in the maximum consequence distance that
is still believed to be possible. A MCA-analysis does not include a quantification of the
probability of occurrence of the accident. Another aspect, in which the pessimistic approach
of MCA studies appears, is the atmospheric condition that is used for dispersion
calculations. As per the reference of the study, weather conditions having an average wind
speed have been chosen.
The Maximum Credible Loss (MCL) scenarios have been developed for the Facility. The MCL
cases considered, attempt to include the worst “Credible” incidents- what constitutes a
credible incident is always subjective. Nevertheless, guidelines have evolved over the years
and based on basic engineering judgement, the cases have been found to be credible and
modelling for assessing vulnerability zones is prepared accordingly. Only catastrophic cases
have been considered and not partial or small failures (as is the case in Quantitative Risk
Assessment where contributions from low frequency - high outcome effect as well as high
frequency - low outcome events are distinguished). The objective of the study is emergency
planning, hence only holistic & conservative assumptions are used for obvious reasons.
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Hence though the outcomes may look pessimistic, the planning for emergency concept
should be borne in mind whilst interpreting the results.
7.5.2.1 CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS CALCULATIONS
The Consequence Analysis has been done for selected scenarios. This has been done for
weather conditions having wind speed. In Consequence Analysis, geographical location of
the source of potential release plays an important role. Consideration of a large number of
scenarios in the same geographical location serves little purpose if the dominant scenario
has been identified and duly considered.
7.5.2.2 SOFTWARE USED FOR CALCULATIONS
PHAST MICRO: Phast is the most comprehensive software available for performing Process
Hazard Analysis (PHA), Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) and Financial Risk Analysis (FRA).
Our extensively validated software for consequence and risk assessment is used by
governments and industry helping them to comply with local safety regulation and their
own corporate best practice. Phast contains all the discharge, dispersion, effects and risk
models you will need to accurately assess all your major hazards and associated risks. Phast
Consequence provides you with comprehensive hazard analysis facilities to examine the
progress of a potential incident from the initial release to its far-field effects.
TOXIC AND FLAMMABLE IMPACT
It calculates the initial discharge, as the material expands from its storage conditions to
atmospheric, through dispersion, as the material mixes with air and dilutes, and the
subsequent toxic or flammable effects. Phast includes a wide range of models for discharge
and dispersion as well as flammable, explosive and toxic effects.
DISCHARGE
Phast requires basic information about storage or process conditions and material
properties in order to perform discharge calculations
The software comes with an integrated material property database containing more
than 1,600 pre-defined pure component chemicals
Various discharge scenario options have been implemented to represent common
process failures, and model their behaviour. These include:
Leaks and line ruptures from long & short pipelines
Catastrophic ruptures
Relief valve and disc ruptures
Tank roof collapse
Vent from vapour spaces
In building release effects
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DISPERSION
The dispersion models within Phast are able to model the following phenomena
Dispersion of gas, liquid and two-phase releases
Liquid droplet thermo dynamics calculations and liquid droplet rainout
Pool spreading and vaporization
Building wake dispersion effects for vapour releases
FLAMMABLE EFFECTS
For releases of flammable material Phast calculates
Radiation profiles and contours from a range of fire scenarios including pool fires,
flash fires, jet fires and fire balls, including cross-wind effects on a jet fire
Vapour Cloud Explosion modeling using industry standards models including the
TNO Multi-energy, Baker Strehlow Tang and TNT Equivalence models
Overpressure contours from Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosions
TOXIC EFFECTS
Graphs of toxic concentration profile
Indoor and outdoor toxic dose prediction
Reporting of distance to specific dose and concentration
Calculated exposure time and use as “averaging time” for passive dispersion effects
PHAST RISK
Phast Risk allows you to combine the flammable and toxic consequences from each
scenario in your QRA model with their likelihood to quantify the risk of fatalities. Phast Risk
allows you to take account of local population distribution, sources of ignition, land usage
and local prevailing weather conditions. It is designed to perform all the analysis, data
handling and results presentation elements of a QRA within a structured framework.
Phast Risk allows you to quickly identify major risk contributors so that time and efforts can
be directed to mitigating these highest risk activities. Based on effects calculations and
population vulnerabilities, Phast Risk can integrate over all scenarios and weather
conditions to estimate the total risk. The established individual and societal risk indicators
are predicted by Phast Risk across your facility and surrounding area using the classical QRA
methodology. Risk ranking reports can be produced at points of strategic importance to
show the relative influence of the various failure scenarios and their contribution to both
the individual and societal risk metrics.
A key benefit of Phast Risk is the ability to identify major risk contributors and differentiate
these from incidents with worst case consequences which might otherwise dominate the
safety reviews. Whilst medium scale incidents have lesser consequences, they may have a
higher frequency, which, when combined with their hazardous effects, generate a higher
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level of risk. Time and effort directed to mitigating high consequence but often low
frequency events may not be well spent. Phast Risk helps you direct this effort more
effectively.
Phast Risk also provides facilities to help you manage large quantities of input data,
including scenarios, parameters, wind roses, ignition and population, and combine these in
many ways. This is critical when looking at sensitivity analyses and assessing the merits of a
range of risk reduction measures.
Benefits
Facilitates cost reduction in terms of losses and insurance
Allows optimization of plant and process design
Assist in compliance with safety regulators
Enables quicker response to hazardous incidents
Improve engineer’s understanding of potential hazards
Regular software upgrades incorporate industry experience and expertise, and
advances in consequence modeling technology
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TABLE 7.4
POSSIBLE ACCIDENT SCENARIOS
Scenario MCL Scenario Quantity in
KL
1 Unconfined Pool Fire Simulations for Drum
Storage Area
38
2 Release of Chlorine 900 Kg
3 Release of Bromine 8
4 Release of Trimethyl orthoformate 15
5 Release of Acetic Anhydride 15
6 Release of Methanol 50
7 Release of Ethylene Dichloride 35
8 Release of HCL 35
9 Release of NaOH 35
10 Release of MDCB 35
11 Release of PAC 35
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Scenario#1: Unconfined Pool Fire Simulations for Drum Storage Area
Catastrophic Rupture
Input Data
Stored quantity - 38 MT
Wind speed – 1.44 m/s
Density (Air) – 0.867 g/cm3
Results indicate
Pool Fire Scenario
Radiation
Level (KW/m2)
Distance in
meter
Effect if IHR at Height of simulation
4 44.56 This level is sufficient to cause personnel if unable to
reach cover within 20s; however blistering of the skin
(second degree burn) is likely; 0: lethality
12.5 22.3
This level will cause extreme pain within 20 seconds and
movement to a safer place is instinctive. This level
indicates around 6% fatality for 20 seconds exposure.
37.5 10.11 This level of radiation is assumed to give 100% fatality as
outlined above.
Fire Ball Scenario
Radiation Level
(KW/m2)
Distance in meter Injury Type
4 48.74 Pain after 20secs.
12.5 27.39 1st degree Burn
37.50 10.35 100% Fatal
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Fig. 7.4 Pool Fire Scenario:
Blue – 4 KW/m2
Yellow – 12.5 KW/m2
Red – 37.5 KW/m2
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Fig. 7.4 Fire Ball Scenario
Blue – 4 KW/m2
Yellow – 12.5 KW/m2
Red – 37.5 KW/m2
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Scenario – 2: Release of Chlorine
Input Data
Stored quantity 900 Kgs
Rate of release 718 gram/sec
Molecular weight 70.9
Density ( Air) 2.49 kg/m3
Hazard Level Concentration
(PPM)
Ground level distance (Meter)
LC50
293 166
IDLH 10 (ACGIH) 555
STEL 15 Min 1.00 (OSHA) 1045
TWA/TLV 0.5 (OSHA) 1524
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Mitigation Measures in Case of Chlorine Leakage:
Evacuate The Area in Down Wind Direction: Evacuate Area in Down Wind
Direction Up to 300 Meter. Do Not Direct Water at Spill or Source of Leak.
If Possible, Turn Leaking Containers So That Gas Escapes Rather Than Liquid.
Use Chlorine Emergency Kit to Attend the Leak.
Absorb The Fumes Through Chlorine Hood with Blower.
Preventive Measures to Avoid Such Emergency:
Chlorine Emergency Kit Will Be Procured and Kept Ready at Chlorine Shed.
Chlorine Hood with Blower Will Be Provided with Scrubbing Arrangement.
SCBA Sets Will Be Kept Ready at Chlorine Handling Area.
Safety Shower and Eye Wash Will Be Provided in Chlorine Shed Area.
Chlorine Absorption System Will Be Provided. In Case of Chlorine Leakage in Chlorine
Shed It Will Be Suck Through Blower and It Will Be Scrubbed in Caustic Scrubber.
Emergency Siren and Wind Sock Will Be Provided.
Tele Communication System and Mobile Phone Will Be Used in Case of Emergency
Situations for Communication.
First Aid Boxes and Occupational Health Centre Will Be Made at Site.
Emergency Organization and Team Will Be Prepared as Per On Site-off Site Emergency
Planning.
Full Body Protection Suite and Other PPEs Will Be Kept Ready in ECC at Site.
Emergency Team Will Be Prepared and Trained for Scenario Base Emergency. Like Toxic
Control Team, Fire Control Team, First Aid Team, Communication And General
Administration Team, Medical Team Etc.
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Scenario – 3 Release of Bromine:
This scenario considers release of Bromine from Storage Tank:
Spill Pool Evaporation for Bromine 8 KL day tank catastrophic failure
Scenario : Puff release
Input Data Results of Computations
Stored quantity 10 KL End point
(meter) Evaporation rate 1500 g/s
LC50 Human 2700 ppm 101.5
IDLH value 3.0 ppm 3255.5
Maximum Pool radius 22.26
Results
LC50 HUMAN (2700 ppm) area up to 101.5 meter, IDLH (Immediate danger to life
and health) concentration (3.0 ppm) area up to 3255.5 meter
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Safety Precaution:
Preventive maintenance of FLT. Train and license driver will be employed to drive FLT.
Limit switch, interlock will be provided, Apron, Hand gloves, gumboot, helmet, goggles
will be provided.
Apron, Hand gloves, gumboot, helmet, goggles will be provided.
Following Personal Protective Equipments are to be made compulsory when handling
Bromine
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approved chemical safety goggles at all
times when handling Br2.
Use a full face shield over eyewear.
Full body protection PVC suite
Eyewash fountains should be located in areas where bromine is handled, used or stored.
When in danger of contact with liquid bromine, wear an approved chemical resistant
suit.
Leather or other non-woven ANSI approved steel-toed shoes or Gum boot
Protective rubber boots should be worn over shoes for extra protection.
Have NIOSH approved respirators and self-contained breathing apparatus available.
Gloves: 100% Nitrile rubber gloves or Neoprene gloves
Safety Practices in the Work Area
We will inform our all employees of the potential hazards of contact with bromine and
train them in appropriate first-aid procedures.
Bromine handling areas will be clearly marked and restricted to qualified, trained
personnel only.
Ventilation
We will maintain bromine vapor concentration in the work area to less than 0.1 ppm
with adequate exhaust hoods, ventilation systems and scrubbers. Analyze air for proper
control.
Transfer or repackage bromine only in a controlled, closed environment.
Exhaust ventilating systems will be used in enclosed areas where bromine is handled.
Neutralization in Case of Spillage Leakage
Neutralization with sodium Bisulfite requires 3 moles of sodium hydroxide: 1 mole
sodium Bisulfite: 1 mole bromine.
Neutralization with sodium sulfite requires 2 moles sodium hydroxide: 1 mole sodium
sulfite: 1 mole bromine.
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The weights and volumes specified include a 10% excess of sodium hydroxide and
sodium bisulfate or sodium sulfite.
Emergency Procedures
In case of bromine emergencies, follow recommended first aid and emergency response
procedures adopted
Transportation Emergencies
In emergency situations resulting from vehicle accidents:
Notify the local police, fire departments, emergency responders and the carrier.
Isolate the area.
Any person not dressed in proper protective clothing and not using a NIOSH approved
self-contained breathing apparatus should be kept a safe distance away.
Call to the supplier
Seek immediate medical assistance for those injured and follow recommended first aid
procedures.
Leaking Containers
When handling a leaking bottle personal protective clothing, goggles and NIOSH
approved self contained breathing equipment must be worn.
Clear contaminated area of non-essential personnel and send them to assembly point.
Maintain a slight ammonia atmosphere throughout the clean up. Carefully release
anhydrous ammonia gas to neutralize bromine vapor. The ammonia gas will convert
bromine to white ammonium bromide “Smoke.”
Do not allow liquid bromine and liquid ammonia to combine; a violent reaction will
occur. Ammonia (16 to 25% by volume) can form an explosive mixture with air. Pour
hypo solution*, lime and water slurry or soda ash solution over the spill. Hypo-bromine
reactions produce hydrobromic acid.
Dry sodium thiosulphate and liquid bromine produce a violent reaction; do not mix them.
Using cold water, wash neutralized bromine into a sump for transfer to an approved
waste disposal facility where the waste can be processed.
Ventilate the area to remove the ammonium bromide and any bromine fumes. Scrub the
floors and equipment with soap and water.
First Aid Procedure
Immediate medical assistance is required if bromine is swallowed, inhaled or has
contacted the eyes or skin.
If bromine has been ingested, do not give anything by mouth. Seek medical attention
immediately. Do not induce vomiting.
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If bromine has been inhaled, move the exposed person to a well ventilated area. Seek
medical attention immediately. The victim should be placed in a comfortable sitting or
partly reclining position. The exposed individual should avoid exertion. If vomiting occurs,
turn the patient on his side to avoid choking. Keep the patient warm. If the patient is
coughing and showing signs of respiratory distress, properly trained personnel should
administer oxygen.
For skin contact, the affected area must be flooded immediately with large amounts of
clean water from a safety shower or other appropriate source of flowing water. Seek
medical attention immediately. All contaminated clothing, including shoes, should be
removed as quickly as possible while the victim is under the shower. Washing should be
continued for a minimum of 30 minutes. If possible, continue to wash the affected area
during transport to medical facilities. (Extended wash times of two hours or more have
proven beneficial.)
If bromine liquid or vapor contacts the eyes, they must be irrigated immediately with
large amounts of running water. Eye wash stations are preferable for irrigation. If one is
not available, a hose, water source with a liberal, gentle flow may be utilized. The eyelids
must be held apart during irrigation to ensure contact of water with all accessible tissues
of the eyes and lids. Eyes should be washed continuously for a minimum of 30 minutes. If
possible, continue flushing the eyes while transporting the employee to a physician. In all
cases of bromine injury, obtain immediate medical attention. Provide emergency
personnel with information about all materials used by the person and provide
appropriate information about bromine and first aid procedures.
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Annexure - 4. Release of Trimethyl orthoformate
This scenario considers release of Trimethyl Orthoformat from Storage Tank:
Results indicate:
Catastrophic Rupture
Input Data
Stored quantity - 15 KL
Molecular weight – 106.12
Wind speed – 1.44 m/s
Density ( Air) – 0.9676 g/cm3
Results indicate
Pool Fire Scenario
Radiation
Level
(KW/m2)
Distance in
meter
Effect if IHR at Height of simulation
4 45.42 This level is sufficient to cause personnel if unable to reach cover
within 20s; however blistering of the skin (second degree burn) is
likely; 0: lethality
12.5 26.10 This level will cause extreme pain within 20 seconds and
movement to a safer place is instinctive. This level indicates
around 6% fatality for 20 seconds exposure.
37.5 Not Reached This level of radiation is assumed to give 100% fatality as
outlined above.
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Fig. 7.4 (Con.) Pool Fire Scenario:
Blue – 4 KW/m2
Yellow – 12.5 KW/m2
Red – 37.5 KW/m2
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Scenario 5: Release of Acetic Anhydride
This scenario considers release of Acetic Anhydride from Storage Tank:
Results indicate:
Catastrophic Rupture
Input Data
Stored quantity - 15 MT
Molecular weight – 102.09
Wind speed – 1.44 m/s
Density ( Air) – 1.082 g/cm3
Results indicate
Pool Fire Scenario
Radiation Level
(KW/m2)
Distance in meter
Effect if IHR at Height of simulation
4 15.2 This level is sufficient to cause personnel if unable to reach
cover within 20s; however blistering of the skin (second
degree burn) is likely; 0: lethality
12.5 Not Reached This level will cause extreme pain within 20 seconds and
movement to a safer place is instinctive. This level
indicates around 6% fatality for 20 seconds exposure.
37.5 Not Reached This level of radiation is assumed to give 100% fatality as
outlined above.
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Fig. 7.4 (Con.)
Pool Fire Scenario:
Blue – 4 KW/m2
Yellow – 12.5 KW/m2
Red – 37.5 KW/m2
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Scenario 6: Release of Methanol
This scenario considers release of Methanol from Storage Tank:
Results indicate:
Catastrophic Rupture
Input Data
Stored quantity - 50 MT
Molecular weight -33.05
Wind speed – 1.44 m/s
Density (Air) – 0. 791 g/cm3
Results indicate
Pool Fire Scenario
Radiation
Level (KW/m2)
Distance in meter
Effect if IHR at Height of simulation
4 138.374 This level is sufficient to cause personnel if unable to reach
cover within 20s; however blistering of the skin (second
degree burn) is likely; 0: lethality
12.5 90.68 This level will cause extreme pain within 20 seconds and
movement to a safer place is instinctive. This level
indicates around 6% fatality for 20 seconds exposure.
37.5 57.17 This level of radiation is assumed to give 100% fatality as
outlined above.
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Fig. 7.4 (Con.)
Pool Fire Scenario:
Blue – 4 KW/m2
Yellow – 12.5 KW/m2
Red – 37.5 KW/m2
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Scenario 7: Release of Ethylene Dichloride
Catastrophic Rupture
Input Data
Stored quantity - 35 MT
Molecular weight -98.96 g/mol
Wind speed – 1.44 m/s
Density ( Air) –1.254 g/cm3
Results indicate
Pool Fire Scenario
Radiation Level
(KW/m2)
Distance in meter
Effect if IHR at Height of simulation
4 128.34 This level is sufficient to cause personnel if unable to reach
cover within 20s; however blistering of the skin (second
degree burn) is likely; 0: lethality
12.5 75.08 This level will cause extreme pain within 20 seconds and
movement to a safer place is instinctive. This level
indicates around 6% fatality for 20 seconds exposure.
37.5 36.86 This level of radiation is assumed to give 100% fatality as
outlined above.
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Fig. 7.4 (Con.)
Pool Fire Scenario:
Blue – 4 KW/m2
Yellow – 12.5 KW/m2
Red – 37.5 KW/m2
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Annexure - 8. Release of Hydrochloric Acid:
This scenario considers release of HCl from Storage Tank:
Results indicate:
Catastrophic Rupture
Input Data
Stored quantity = 35 MT
Molecular weight = 36.46
Wind speed = 1.44 m/s
Vapor Density ( Air=1) = 1.267
Results indicate
LD50 = 900 mg/kg 44.69 meter
IDLH = 5 ppm 1453.86 meter
TLV = 5 ppm 564.1 meter
Results:
LD50 (900 mg/kg) area up to 44.69 meter, Immediate danger to life and health (5 ppm)
concentration area up to 1453.86 meter and TLV (5 ppm) area up to 564.1 meter. Therefore
1532.66 meter area in wind direction is considered as evacuation area.
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Measures to control and mitigate Emergency:
Measures to be taken to prevent such accident:
Priority will be given to Tanker to immediately enter the storage premises at site and will
not be kept waiting near the gate or the main road.
Security person will check License, TREM CARD, Fire extinguisher condition, required PPEs
as per SOP laid down.
Store officer will take sample as per sampling SOP from sampling point.
After approval of QC department unloading procedure will be allowed be started.
Following precautions will be adopted during unloading
Wheel stopper will be provided to TL at unloading platform.
Tanker unloading procedure will be followed according to check list and implemented.
Flexible hose connection will be done at TL outlet line and checked for no leakage.
Every time gasket will be changed.
The quantity remaining in the hose pipeline will be drained to a small container, which
will be subsequently transferred to the main storage tank thus ensuring complete closed
conditions for transfer from road tanker.
All TL valves will be closed.
Following precautions will be adopted Storage of such chemicals
Storage tank will be stored away from the process plant.
Tanker unloading procedure will be prepared and implemented.
Caution note and emergency handling procedure will be displayed at unloading area and
trained all operators.
NFPA label will be provided.
Required PPEs like full body protection PVC apron, Hand gloves, gumboot, Respiratory
mask etc. will be provided to operator.
Neutralizing agent will be kept ready for tackle any emergency spillage.
Safety shower, eye wash with quenching unit will be provided in acid storage area.
Material will be handled in close condition in pipe line.
Dyke wall will be provided to all storage tanks, collection pit with valve provision.
Double drain valve will provided.
Level gauge will be provided on all storage tanks.
Safety permit for loading unloading of hazardous material will be prepared and
implemented.
TREM CARD will be provided to all transporters and will be trained for transportation
Emergency of Hazardous chemicals.
Fire hydrant system with jockey pump as per TAC norms will be installed.
Mitigation measures to control Emergency:
Safety Shower and eye wash will be provided away from the tank and unloading station.
Sand bags/ buckets will be provided near tank area.
Neutralizing medium (Lime and dry sand) will be kept ready near tank farm.
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Emergency siren and wind sock will be provided.
Tele Communication system and mobile phone will be used in case of emergency
situations for communication.
First Aid Boxes and Occupational health centre will be made at site.
Emergency organization and team will be prepared.
Full body protection suite and other PPEs will be kept ready in ECC at site.
Emergency team will be prepared and trained for scenario base emergency. Like Toxic
control team, Fire control team, First aid team, communication and general
administration team, Medical team etc.
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
SPILL OR LEAK
· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective
clothing.
· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
· Use water spray to reduce vapors; do not put water directly on leak, spill area or inside
container.
· Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.
Small Spill
· Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic
sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.
· Use clean non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic
containers for later disposal.
· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
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Scenario 10: Release of 1,3 Dichloro Benzene (MDCB):
This scenario considers release of 1,3 Dichloro Benzene (MDCB) from Storage Tank:
Catastrophic Rupture
Input Data
Stored quantity - 35 MT
Molecular weight – 147 g/mol
Wind speed – 1.44 m/s
Density ( Air) – 1.3 g/cm3
Results indicate
Pool Fire Scenario
Radiation Level
(KW/m2)
Distance in meter
Effect if IHR at Height of simulation
4 89.94 This level is sufficient to cause personnel if unable to reach
cover within 20s; however blistering of the skin (second
degree burn) is likely; 0: lethality
12.5 42.58 This level will cause extreme pain within 20 seconds and
movement to a safer place is instinctive. This level
indicates around 6% fatality for 20 seconds exposure.
37.5 Not Reached This level of radiation is assumed to give 100% fatality as
outlined above.
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Fig. 7.4 (Con.)
Pool Fire Scenario:
Blue – 4 KW/m2
Yellow – 12.5 KW/m2
Red – 37.5 KW/m2
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Scenario 10: Release of PAC:
This scenario considers release of PAC from Storage Tank:
Catastrophic Rupture
Input Data
Stored quantity - 35 MT
Molecular weight – 392.5 g/mol
Wind speed – 1.44 m/s
Density ( Air) – 0.82 g/cm3
Results indicate
Pool Fire Scenario
Radiation Level
(KW/m2)
Distance in meter
Effect if IHR at Height of simulation
4 56.23 This level is sufficient to cause personnel if unable to reach
cover within 20s; however blistering of the skin (second
degree burn) is likely; 0: lethality
12.5 31.27 This level will cause extreme pain within 20 seconds and
movement to a safer place is instinctive. This level
indicates around 6% fatality for 20 seconds exposure.
37.5 Not Reached This level of radiation is assumed to give 100% fatality as
outlined above.
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Fig. 7.4 (Con.)
Pool Fire Scenario:
Blue – 4 KW/m2
Yellow – 12.5 KW/m2
Red – 37.5 KW/m2
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7.6 ONSITE/OFFSITE EMERGENCY PLAN
DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
Company has developed the emergency management system to tackle the emergency
situation, apart from its emergency management system. The detail of disaster
management system is discussed in the following section.
7.6.1 DEFIING THE NATURE OF EMERGENCY
7.6.1.1 LEVEL OF EMERGENCY CAN BE CLASSIFIED IN THREE CATEGORIES.
LEVEL - 1:
The leakage or emergency, which is confinable within the plant, premises. It may be due to -
a) Small fire in the plant
b) Low toxic gas release for short duration.
c) Collapsing of equipment that do not affect outside premises.
LEVEL - 2:
The emergency, which is confinable within the factory premises. It may arise due to -
a) Major fire inside the factory premises.
b) Medium scale explosion confined to the factory premises.
c) Heavy toxic/flammable gas leakage for short duration.
LEVEL - 3:
The emergency, which is not confinable within the factory premises and general public in
the vicinity likely to be affected. It may arise due to -
a) Explosion of high magnitude affecting the adjacent area
b) Heavy / Profuse leakage of toxic / flammable gases for a long duration.
7.6.2 OBJECTIVES OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
The objectives of the emergency management system are summarized as under.
To identify and assess types of emergencies due to different types of hazards.
To work out plan with all provisions to handle emergencies and safeguard employees
and people in the vicinity of the factory.
To provide for emergency preparedness and the periodical rehearsal of the plan.
To plan mode of proper communication and actions to be followed in the event of
emergency.
To keep all necessary information with respect to hazard/accident control and
emergency contacts in one document for easy and speedy reference.
To inform employees, general public and the authorities about the hazards/risk if any
and the role to be played by them in the event of emergency.
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To control and contain the accident.
To effect rescue and treatment of casualties.
To inform and help relatives of casualties.
To secure rehabilitation of affected area and restore normalcy.
To provide information to media and government agencies.
To preserve record, equipment etc. for investigating cause of emergency.
To be ready for “mutual aid” if need arises to help neighboring units.
7.6.3 STRUCTURE OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Company has developed an emergency management team. The management structure
includes the following personnel’s;
Chief Emergency Controller
Incident Controllers
Site Main Controllers
Key Personnel’s
Essential Workers
Assembly points
Emergency control center
Fire control arrangements
Medical arrangements
Other arrangements
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7.7 DETAILS OF THE SEPARATE ISOLATED STORAGE AREA FOR FLAMMABLE CHEMICALS.
DETAILS OF FLAME PROOF ELECTRICAL FITTINGS, DCP EXTINGUISHERS AND OTHER SAFETY
MEASURES PROPOSED. DETAILED FIRE CONTROL PLAN FOR FLAMMABLE SUBSTANCES
AND PROCESSES SHOWING HYDRANT PIPELINE NETWORK, PROVISION OF DG SETS, FIRE
PUMPS, JOCKEY PUMP, TOXIC GAS DETECTORS ETC.
FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM
Company management takes into consideration fire prevention measures at the project
planning and during plant commissioning stage to avoid any outbreak of fire. But looking to
the hazardous nature of process and the chemicals that are handled and processed, the
chances of outbreak of fire cannot be totally ignored. Hence to tackle such a situation a
good well laid fire protection system will be provided in the factory.
PROPOSED FACILITIES TO BE MAINTAINED FOR FIRE FIGHTING:
Sr. Type of Fire-Extinguisher Numbers
1 CO2 (Capacity : 4.5 KG) 17
2 ABC (Capacity : 9 KG) 10
3 ABC(Capacity : 5 KG) 15
4 DCP (Capacity : 5 KG) 6
5 DCP Capacity : 6 KG) 10
6 DCP/ABC (Capacity : 2 KG) 6
7 M Foam (Capacity : 9 L) 5
8 M Foam (Capacity : 6 L) 9
Total 78
FIRE HYDRANT SYSTEM: Consists of external & Internal Hydrant with Hose Boxes, Hose
Reel, Water / Foam Monitors, Water Curtain, Foam Inductor for Solvent Tank Farm and
Fixed Foam System for Production Building.
SPRINKLER SYSTEM: Provided at Ware House, this system is independent system having
Separate Pumps with separate piping from Pump House to Ware House, it consists of
automatic operated sprinkler on 59°C.
POTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS: Suitable portable fire extinguishers like CO2, DCP, Foam type
provided for plant & non-plant buildings.
FIRE ALARM SYSTEM: Automatic fire detection & alarm system consists of Fire Detectors,
Addressable MCP & Hooters Beam Detectors (Ware House) are placed at strategic locations
and connected by cable to central control panel at ECC with repeater panel at DCS Control
Room.
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DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
Company has developed the emergency management system to tackle the emergency
situation, apart from its emergency management system. The detail of disaster
management system is discussed in the following section.
Fig. 7.5 - LOCATION OF FIRE NEAREST STATION
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7.7.1 DEFIING THE NATURE OF EMERGENCY
7.7.1.1 LEVEL OF EMERGENCY CAN BE CLASSIFIED IN THREE CATEGORIES.
LEVEL - 1:
The leakage or emergency, which is confinable within the plant, premises. It may be due to -
a) Small fire in the plant
b) Low toxic gas release for short duration.
c) Collapsing of equipment that do not affect outside premises.
LEVEL - 2:
The emergency, which is confinable within the factory premises. It may arise due to -
a) Major fire inside the factory premises.
b) Medium scale explosion confined to the factory premises.
c) Heavy toxic/flammable gas leakage for short duration.
LEVEL - 3:
The emergency, which is not confinable within the factory premises and general public in
the vicinity likely to be affected. It may arise due to -
a) Explosion of high magnitude affecting the adjacent area
b) Heavy / Profuse leakage of toxic / flammable gases for a long duration.
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7.7.2 OBJECTIVES OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
The objectives of the emergency management system are summarized as under.
To identify and assess types of emergencies due to different types of hazards.
To work out plan with all provisions to handle emergencies and safeguard employees
and people in the vicinity of the factory.
To provide for emergency preparedness and the periodical rehearsal of the plan.
To plan mode of proper communication and actions to be followed in the event of
emergency.
To keep all necessary information with respect to hazard/accident control and
emergency contacts in one document for easy and speedy reference.
To inform employees, general public and the authorities about the hazards/risk if any
and the role to be played by them in the event of emergency.
To control and contain the accident.
To effect rescue and treatment of casualties.
To inform and help relatives of casualties.
To secure rehabilitation of affected area and restore normalcy.
To provide information to media and government agencies.
To preserve record, equipment etc. for investigating cause of emergency.
To be ready for “mutual aid” if need arises to help neighboring units.
7.7.3 STRUCTURE OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Company has developed an emergency management team. The management structure
includes the following personnel’s;
Chief Emergency Controller
Incident Controllers
Site Main Controllers
Key Personnel’s
Essential Workers
Assembly points
Emergency control center
Fire control arrangements
Medical arrangements
Other arrangements
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7.8 OCCUPTIONAL HEALTH AND HAZARD AND SAFETY MESUARES
General Safety Precautions:
A brief description of the measures taken site:
For large industries, where multifarious activities are involved during construction, erection,
testing, commissioning, operation and maintenance; the men, materials and machines are
basic inputs. Along with the boons, industrialization generally brings several problems like
occupational health and safety.
The industrial planner, therefore, has to properly plan and take steps to minimize the
impacts of industrialization and to ensure appropriate occupational health and safety
including fire plans. All these activities again may be classified under construction and
erection, and operation and maintenance.
7.8.1 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Occupational health needs attention both during construction & erection as well as
operation & maintenance phases. However, the problem varies both in magnitude and
variety in the above phases.
7.8.1.1 CONSTRUCTION AND ERECTION
The occupational health problems envisaged at this stage can mainly be due to
constructional accident and noise. To overcome these hazards, in addition to arrangements
to reduce it within Threshold Limit Values (TLV's), necessary protective equipments shall be
supplied to workers.
7.8.1.2 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
The problem of occupational health in operation and maintenance phase is primarily due to
noise which could affect consultation. The necessary personal protective equipments will be
given to all the workers. The working personnel shall be given the following appropriate
personnel protective equipments.
Industrial Safety Helmet
Face shield
Zero power plain goggles with cut type filters on both ends
Zero power goggles with cut type filters on both sides and blue color glasses
Welders equipment for eye and face protection
Cylindrical type earplug
Ear muffs
Canister Gas mask
Self-contained breathing apparatus
Leather apron
Aluminized fiber glass fix proximity suit with hood and gloves
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Boiler suit
Safety belt/line man's safety belt
Leather hand gloves
Asbestos hand gloves
Acid/Alkali proof rubberized hand gloves
Canvas cum leather hand gloves with leather palm
Lead hand glove
Electrically tested electrical resistance hand gloves
Industrial safety shoes with steel toe
7.8.1.3 HOSPITAL FACILITIES
It is proposed that client will make formal agreements with nearby hospital having facilities
to attend fire and toxic effect cases for attending the affected persons in the emergency
arising out of accidents, if any.
7.8.1.4 FACTORY MEDICAL OFFICER (FMO)
A qualified doctor will be appointed as FMO on retainer ship basis. Apart from FMO,
paramedical staff will be employed.
7.8.1.5 PROPOSED FACILITY TO BE MADE AVAILABLE AT OHC
One Room is proposed to be provided to be operated as OHC. The center will be equipped
with following medical equipments: —
1. Examination Table
2 Dressing Tables For performing Dressing
3. Glucometer For measurement of Blood Sugar
4 Vision chart To evaluate vision acuity
5. Nebuliser For relieving coughs & Breathing Difficulty
6. Infra-red light for relieving muscular pain
7. Suction machine For cleaning airway
8. Autoclave machine For sterilizing cotton &dressing material
9. Weighing Machine For measuring body weight
10. Medical Oxygen Cylinder kit
11. Sphygmomanometer To measure blood pressure
12. Refrigerator To preserve medicines
13. Thermometer
7.8.1.6 AMBULANCE VAN
An ambulance van proposes to be made available 24 hours at Fire Station.
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7.8.1.7 FIRST AID BOX
First Aid Boxes propose to be made available at the different location in the plant, Training
to be given to employees for First Aid.
7.8.1.8 PERIODIC MEDICAL EXAMINATION
It is proposed that client will ensure that…
(1) Workers employed shall be medically examined by a qualified medical practitioner/
Factory Medical Officer, in the following manner;
a) Once in a period of 6 months, to ascertain physical fitness of the person to do the
particular job;
b) Once in a period of 6 months, to ascertain the health status of all the workers in
respect of occupational health hazards to which they are exposed and in cases where
in the opinion of the Factory Medical Officer it is necessary to do so at a shorter
interval in respect of any workers;
C) In periodic and pre-medical examinations, various parameters will be checked. Viz.,
LIVER FUNCRION TESTS, Chest X-rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far &
Near vision, color vision and any other ocular defect) ECG and other parameters as will
be found necessary as per the opinion of Factory Medical officer.
(2) No person shall be employed for the first time without a certificate of granted by the
Factory Medical Officer.
7.8.1.9 EMP FOR THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH HAZARDS SO THAT SUCH
EXPOSURE CAN BE KEPT WITHIN PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LEVEL (PEL)/THRESHOLD
LEVEL VALUE (TLV) SO AS TO PROTECT HEALTH OF WORKERS
1. It is proposed to formulate and implement an EMP for Occupational Safety and
Health with following aims…
To keep air-borne concentration of toxic and hazardous chemicals below PEL
and TLV.
Protect general health of workers likely to be exposed to such chemicals.
Providing training, guidelines, resources and facilities to concerned
department for occupational health hazards.
Permanent changes to workplace procedures or work location to be done if it
is found necessary on the basis of findings from workplace Monitoring Plan.
2. It is proposed that this EMP be formulated on the guidelines issued by Bureau of
Indian Standards on OH&S Management Systems: IS 18001:2000 Occupational
Health and Safety Management Systems.
3. Propose EMP will be incorporated in Standard Operating Procedure also.
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4. Propose EMP will also include measure to keep air-born concentration of toxic and
hazardous chemicals below its PEL and TLV, like…
a. Leak Surveys
b. Separate storage for toxic chemicals
c. Exhaust Ventilation
d. Proper illumination
e. On-line detectors toxic chemicals
f. Close processes to avoid spills and exposures
g. Atomization of process operations to hazards of manual handling of
chemicals.
h. Supply of proper PPEs like Air mask, Berating canisters, SCBA sets, On-line
breathing apparatus at the places where there is possibility of presence of
toxic chemicals.
i. Decontamination procedure for empty drums and carboys.
j. Regular maintenance program for pumps, equipment, instruments handling
toxic and corrosive chemicals.
k. Display of warning boards.
l. Training to persons handling toxic and corrosive chemicals.
5. Workplace Monitoring Plan
It is proposed that a Workplace Monitoring Plan to be prepared & implemented in
consultation with FMO and industrial hygienists.
Each workplace must be evaluated to identify potential hazards from toxic
substances or harmful physical agents. Air-borne concentration of toxic chemicals
will be measured and record will be kept.
The current state-of-the-art exposure measurement model is as follows: For
purposes of measuring worker exposure across a single shift it is sufficient t o place a
reasonably accurate exposure measuring device on the worker , within t he worker ’s
breathing zone, and have it operate for nearly the full shift.
6. Health Evaluation of Workers
1. It is proposed that management will device a plan to check and evaluate the
exposure specific health status evaluation of workers
2. Workers will be checked for physical fitness with special reference to the possible
health hazards likely to be present where he/she is being expected to work before
being employed for that purpose. Basic examinations like Liver Function tests, chest x
ray, Audiometry, Spirometry Vision testing (Far & Near vision, color vision and any
other ocular defect) ECG, etc. will be carried out. However, the parameters and
frequency of such examination will be decided in consultation with Factory Medical
Officer and Industrial Hygienists.
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3. While in work, all the workers will be periodically examined for the health with
specific reference to the hazards which they are likely to be exposed to during work.
Health evaluation will be carried out considering the bodily functions likely to be
affected during work. The parameters and frequency of such examination will be
decided in consultation with Factory Medical Officer and Industrial Hygienists. Plan
of monthly and yearly report of the health status of workers with special reference to
Occupational Health and Safety.
7.8.1.10 MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM
Pre-employment Medical Check Up
1. Chest X-ray
2. Cardiogram
3. Audiometry
4. Hematological Examination:- CBC, SGOT, SGPT, Cholesterol, Blood Sugar etc
5. Urine Examination
6. Vision test
7. Colour blindness test
8. Lung function test- Spirometry
Periodical Medical Check up
1. Lung Function test
2. Cardiogram
3. Audiometry
4. Hematological Examination
5. Urine examination
6. Vision test
7. Colour blindness test
8. Biomarker in Blood & Urine
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7.9 SOLVENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
SOLVENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
• All the solvents shall be directly distilled from product mixes and; if required shall be
purified in packed column with the help of reflux and therefore there is no
generation of any distillation residue from the solvent distillation.
• The solvent distillation system shall be designed so as to achieve minimum 90 %
recovery of solvent.
• Pure solvent, crude solvent and distilled (recovered) solvent shall be stored only in
storage tanks and company shall not use drums at any stage in the Solvent
Management System.
• Wherever required, the solvents shall be directly pumped into day tanks from the
storage tanks and shall be charged into the reactors without involving any manual
handling.
• All the pumps shall be mechanical seal type to avoid any leakage of solvent.
• All necessary firefighting systems shall be provided with alarm system. Flame proof
wiring and flame proof electrical accessories shall be provided to avoid any mishap.
• All the storage tank and day tank shall be connected to a vent system through
cooling water and chilled brine condensers to prevent loss of solvents in the
atmosphere.
• All the distillation column vents are also connected to cooling water/ chilled brine
condensers for maximum possible recovery of the solvents.
• All the vents will be connected to a common carbon Adsorber for removing traces of
solvent from vent gases.
• Residue generated from the distillation will be incinerated in-house or sent to BEIL
incinerator site.
Coolant to be used
Primary Condensers Cooling Water
Secondary Condensers Chilled Brine up to -150C
Vent Condensers Chilled Brine up to -350C
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Figure 7.6: FLOW DIAGRAM OF SPENT SOLVENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Solvent
Main
Storage
Tank
Addition
Tank
Reaction
Mass
With
Solvent
Receiver
Distilled
Solvent
Solvent
Distillation
System
Recycle
Organic
Layer/spent
solvent to recovery
System
FLOW DIAGRAM OF SPENT SOLVENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CHW
in
CHB. In
C.W. Out
CHB. Out
CHB. Chilled Brine
CHW Chilled Water
Distillation
Column
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TABLE: 7.5
SOLVENT BALANCE
Solvent B.P °C V.P. Input
(MT/Month)
Recovery
(MT/Month)
%
Recovery
Methanol 64.5 96 mm of Hg (@ 20°C) 3025.15 2970 98.17
Toluene 110.6 30.89 hPa (@21.1 °C) 3557.5 3428.55 96.37
Ethylene Dichloride 83 87 hPa (@ 20°C) 1850 1800 97.29
1,3-dichloro
benzene
172 -
173
2.2 mbar @ 20 °C 1410.55 1360.35 96.44
O-Xylene 144 882 Pa (@ 25 °C) 1350 1305 96.66
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7.10 SUBMIT CHECKLIST IN THE FORM OF DO’S & DON’TS OF PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE,
STRENGTHENING OF HSE, MANUFACTURING UTILITY STAFF FOR SAFETY RELATED
MEASURES.
Do’s:
Store used oil at proper place as per plant guidelines.
Use lubricating oil carefully to avoid spillage on ground.
Use lubricating oil as per requirement.
Use minimum amount of water wherever it is required as per plant guidelines.
Waste disposal system for all plants should be separate.
Avoid spillage of liquid, hand gloves, cotton waste on road, which will cause
pollution. Recycle or dispose that material.
Use cleaning equipment carefully. (i.e. cotton waste, oil & chemicals)
Place all the equipments (i.e. Fire Hose, Rubber Pipe and Chisel) at proper place.
Handling of chemicals should be as per plant guidelines to avoid undesired chemical
reaction.
Safety training and correct use of PPE’s must for all the employees.
Environment guidelines should follow during cleaning of vessels, Tank, channels etc.
Follow shift in charge’s instructions during loading or unloading of chemicals.
In case of fire or any accident, immediately inform responsible person.
In case of emergency, inform operator as well as control room.
Area of work during excavation, radiography, sand blasting shall be cordoned with
warning tags of "work in progress”, “no entry”, “radiography” in progress' etc.
Switch off lights and computers when not in use.
Shut the water cock properly when not in use.
Always follow safety rule during the plant operation.
Do’s during shut down:
All equipment, vessels, lines where hot work is envisaged shall be purged, flushed
thoroughly and positively isolated. Similar precautions should be taken for vessel
entry also.
Back flow of materials from sewers, drains should be avoided by proper isolations.
In case of confined space entry and other cleaning jobs etc. which are to be carried
out by the process department, vessel entry permit should be issued to immediate
supervising officer/operator by shift in charge. This permit should be renewed by
incoming shift in charge during every shift.
Hoist, Platform, cages used for lifting persons or to send persons inside vessels by
such means must be of sound construction with wire ropes slings, etc. to avoid
failure.
All steam, condensate, hot water connections should be made tight with clamps.
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Nitrogen hazard should be kept in mind. All nitrogen sources should be positively
isolated from vessels/confined spaces to avoid oxygen deficiency where vessel entry
is required.
All nitrogen hoses used for purging before vessel entry should be removed from
source/utility point.
All underground sewers shall be flushed, protected from sparks.
Full PPEs like PVC suits, gum boots, face shield & other required shall be used while
draining, flushing and other reclaiming activities to avoid burn, poisoning etc.
Wet asbestos cloth/metallic plate should be used to collect flying sparks.
Water, steam flushing, nitrogen blanketing shall be continued where spontaneous
combustion takes place. Precautions should be taken for pyrophoric nature of
material.
Temporary electrical connections, cords, boards and other electrical fixtures should
be of sound material to prevent electrical shock.
Oil spillage in the pit of oil slope tank should be cleaned with water/sand.
Proper approach like aluminum ladder should be provided to reach to the platforms
of scaffolding and ladder must be tied.
All clumps of scaffolding should be tightened properly and planks should be tied at
both ends and supported at proper distances along span to avoid sagging and failure.
Always use safety belt while working at height of more than 2 meters and ensure
tieing the life line of safety belt with firm support.
Ensure area cordoning for hot work, X-ray, excavation, hazard material temporary
storage.
Ensure proper tagging of valves, switches etc. to prevent its use.
Ensure proper guidance to workman and make him aware about local area hazards
before start of the job.
All welding machines should be provided with power isolation switch of suitable
rating.
Portable electrical appliances/tools earthing should be in good working condition.
Insulation portion should be free from damages.
All electrical cables should be joints free and connection taken by using three pin
plugs.
While inserting fuse all care should be taken so that no one touches conductor to
avoid the shock to the persons.
During hydro jetting work workers should wear hand gloves, safety helmet goggles
and PVC suit.
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Don’ts:
Do not use fire hydrant water for washing/bath purpose.
Do not use water for cleaning purpose, use broomstick if possible.
Do not wash or clean trolley, tractor or trucks which are used for chemical/fertilizer’s
transportation. Wash them at proper place.
Smoking & carrying matchbox, cigarettes, lighter, bidis etc. are prohibited.
Photography & carrying cameras/Mobile phones are strictly prohibited in all areas.
Do not spill liquid or chemicals in open atmosphere.
The use of Radio Active Source within the plant shall not be allowed without
obtaining valid permission/work permit and intimation in the form of a
circular to all plant persons shall be given in advance.
Unauthorized entry into any battery limit of plant is strictly prohibited.
Sitting or walking on rail tracks, crossing between wagons, taking rest under
stabled wagons, crossing the rail through the openings underneath the
stationary wagons are strictly prohibited.
Don’ts during shut down:
Do not use gasket or other blinds as it can fail during job. All blinds should be
metallic.
No toxic/corrosive/irritating materials should remain plants or sections
where hot work is to be carried out.
No hot work should be permitted in battery limits near sewers till areas have
been cleaned flushed properly.
No hot work irrespective of place of area shall be done without valid permit.
No combustible material shall be there in flare line for taking up of flare line
job. Isolations shall be ensured.
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7.11 DETAILS ON VARIOUS SOP TO BE PREPARED.
Description Distribution
Procedure on Approvals All Departments
Health Care Program All Departments
Employee participation All Departments
Contractor Management All Departments
Risk Assessment All Departments
Management of Change All Departments
Inspection of Fire & Safety Equipments and Facilities All Departments
Work Permit All Departments
Control of Spillage All Departments
Vehicle Gate Check Entry / Exit Procedure (Raw Material
and Finished Goods) All Departments
Waste Handling and Storage All Departments
Waste Gas Handling All Departments
Waste Water Treatment & Disposal All Departments
7.12 TRANSPORTATION
Road tanker unloading procedure will be in place and will be implemented for safe
unloading of road tanker.
Static earthing provision will be made for tanker unloading.
Earthed Flexible Steel hose will be used for solvent unloading from the road tanker.
Fixed pipelines with pumps will be provided for solvent transfer up to Day
tanks/reactors.
Double mechanical seal type pumps will be installed.
NRV provision will be made on all pump discharge line.
7.13 PUBLIC CONSULTATION
As per para 7 (i) Stage III (3)(i)(b) of the EIA notification, 2006, all projects or activities
located within industrial estates or parks (item 7(c)of the Schedule) approved by the
concerned authorities, and which are not disallowed in such approvals.
Unit is located in Notified Industrial area of GIDC Saykha. Hence, Public hearing is exempted.
7.14 REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMENT (R & R)
Unit is located in PCPIR region of Notified Industrial estate of GIDC Saykha. PCPIR obtained
Environment clearance in 14 September, 2017. Hence, R & R is not applicable to us.
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CHAPTER - 8
PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 BACKGROUND
M/s. Starlite Paints Proposed Pesticide Specific Intermediates (450 MT/Month) Manufacturing
Unit at Plot No. DP-46, Saykha Industrial Estate, Tal: Vagra, Dist: Bharuch (Gujarat).
8.2Environment
Their respect for the environment is reflected in their commitment & common objectives for
continuous efforts by ensuring environmentally sound practices followed at all levels. They not
only adhere to the statutory norms but have a holistic approach towards environmental
protection. The major environmental issues addressed are:
o Proposed manufacturing processes are studied in detail with a view to minimize
generation of liquid/gaseous waste streams as a part of continuous improvement.
o Company will be not aimed at just pollution minimization but also to conserve energy,
improve process yields and product quality.
o Company will use Imported Coal and Diesel as a fuel so that company will provide ESP +
Water scrubber & Adequate stack height to control flue gas emission.
o High COD &TDS process wastewater stream will be send ETP followed by in-house MEE.
Utility and low COD wastewater stream will be treated into ETP then send to CETP of
Saykha Industrial Estate for further treatment and final disposal.
8.3 Exports
Country will gain forex through exporting products, an export oriented unit.
Country will save valuable foreign exchange as import of these products will be reduced by
corresponding amount.
8.4 Employment Generation
As project will have considerable employment & trade opportunities with the commencement
of the production activities. This will increase the employment opportunity. Secondary jobs will
also bind to be generated to provide daily needs and services to the work force. This will also
temporarily increase the demand for essential daily utilities in the local market. The manpower
requirement for the proposed project will generate permanent and secondary jobs for the
operation and maintenance of plant. Total requirement of manpower is 100employees. The
project will benefit the people living in the neighboring villages by giving preference to them in
relation to direct employment associated with the various project activities. Construction and
operation phase of the proposed project will involve a certain number of laborers. There is a
possibility that local people for construction phase as well as a number of local skilled and
unskilled people will be engaged in the employment which will improve the existing
employment scenario of the region.
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8.5SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
Company will contribute 2.0% of project cost as CER. This fundwill be administered by a local
area development committee in accordance with the orders of the appropriate Government.
This fund will be used for the creation of infrastructure and overall economic development of
the project area. Such activities are stated as below:
TABLE 8.1 CER BUDGET
FUND FOR CER ACTIVITIES
Description
(2021-2023)
Amount
(INR in Lakh)
Contribution in the development of Rain Water Harvesting System in the
Khojbalvillage.
(9.40 Kms away from project site)
27
Infrastructure development inSutrel village like RO plant, Road, Solar
Panel.
(2.18 Kms away from project site)
20
Skill development program, Development of Computer Lab& provide
Sports equipment in the village of Vahiyal.
(3.89 Kms away from project site)
10
Contribution in the development of Rain Water Harvesting System in the
Amleshwar village.
(6.89 Kms away from project site)
27
Rural development project: Solar Street Lights, RO with cooling system for
drinking purpose in the village of Kothia & Vahiyal.
(Kothia: 4.50 Kms away from project site)
(Vahiyal: 3.89 Kms away from project site)
20
Total 104.0 Lakh
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8.6 CONCLUSION
It can be concluded that the proposed project is beneficial in the interest of common person,
the society, the state and as the country as a whole. The benefits can be summarized as below:
The proposed project will provide quality product at lower cost to the users.
Numbers of local trained persons are likely to get jobs.
To generate local employment.
Country will save valuable foreign exchange, as import of these products will be reduced
by corresponding amount.
These products also have export potential. Hence, possibility of earning foreign
exchange.
There should be positive impact on the socio-economic condition of the area in terms of
direct and indirect employment due to the proposed project.
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CHAPTER - 9
ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
9.1 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
Environment
Their respect for the environment is reflected in their commitment & common objectives for
continuous efforts by ensuring environmentally sound practices followed at all levels. They not
only adhere to the statutory norms but have a holistic approach towards environmental
protection. The major environmental issues addressed are:
o Proposed manufacturing processes are studied in detail with a view to minimize
generation of liquid/gaseous waste streams as a part of continuous improvement.
o Company will be not aimed at just pollution minimization but also to conserve energy,
improve process yields and product quality.
o Company will use Imported Coal and Diesel as a fuel so that company will provide ESP +
Water scrubber & Adequate stack height to control flue gas emission.
o Total water requirement will be 428.35 KLD (Fresh water = 266.35 KL/Day + Reused =
162 KL/Day). The wastewater generations will 237.35 KL/Day (226.35 KLD Industrial +
11.0 KLD Domestic).
o 11.0 KL/Day Domestic wastewater will be treated in STP and treated effluent will be
reused in gardening.
o High COD & TDS stream: 170.0 KL/Day Wastewater from process will be sent to Solvent
Stripper then sent to In-house MEE. 151 KL/Day MEE condensate will be reused within
premises and MEE Salt will be send to TSDF site.
o Low COD & TDS Stream from process (10 KL/Day) and Dilute Stream (46.35 KL/Day):
56.35 KL/Day Wastewater will be sent to ETP. Total 56.35 KLD will be treated in ETP and
then treated effluent will be sent to CETP for further treatment & disposal.
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CHAPTER - 10
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.1 BACKGROUND
The industry shall adopt a comprehensive Environmental Management Plan (EMP), which
cover several environmental protection measures, not only for abatement of environmental
pollution resulting from the project, but also for the improvement in the ambient
environment. The various components of the EMP are outlined in subsequent sections. An
EMP is a site-specific plan developed to ensure that all necessary measures are identified and
implemented in order to protect the environment and comply with environmental legislation.
10.2 OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
The Environment Management area handled by a Qualified Manager with adequate training
and experience in operation of ETP and management of other pollution control measures. He
will be assisted by a Qualified Executive and operator (in each shift) to run ETP and other
pollution control system. All the necessary controls w.r.t. management of Liquid/ Hazardous/
Gaseous pollutants will be exercised. For all liquid effluents, fully fledged Effluent Treatment
Plant having primary treatment facility. Process stacks will be equipped at safe height with
scrubbers where required to ensure emissions within prescribed limits. D.G. sets will be
provided with acoustic enclosure and stack.
To handle hazardous waste as per Hazardous & Other Wastes (Management and
Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 of Environment Protection Act, 1986. Hazardous
waste will be disposed off at the secured land fill facility available in the nearby vicinity.
Fixed gas detection system will be installed in the workplace area.
Work place monitoring will be carried out regularly through continuous monitoring
systems and periodic checking.
Ambient air quality will be monitored regularly.
Good green belt will be maintained inside and outside the premises by planting trees,
developing lawns.
To work in R&D for continuous improvement in process to reduce Pollution Load &
moving towards adopting cleaner production technology.
10.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL
Apart from having an environmental management plan, it is also necessary to have a
permanent organizational set up charged with the task of ensuring effective implementation.
In this effect, M/s. Starlite Paints will assign responsibilities to officers from various disciplines
to co-ordinate the activities concerned with management and implementation of
environment control measures.
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An organogram of Environment management cell is shown in Figure 10.1. This department
shall undertake the monitoring of environment pollution level by measuring stack emissions,
Ambient air quality, water and effluent quality, Noise level, etc. either departmentally or by
appointing external agency whenever necessary.
M/s. Starlite Paints shall carry out the regular monitoring in future as well as ensure that
pollution is limited below prescribed limits and shall take corrective action by providing new
pollution control equipment if required. In case the monitored results of environment
pollution are found to exceed the prescribed limits, remedial actions are taken through the
concerned plant authorities. The actual operation and maintenance of pollution control
equipment of each department is under respective department heads.
The environmental department shall also look after preparation and submission of Water
Cess Return, Environmental statement and Consolidated Consent & Authorization
application/ renewal under water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, Air
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, Ambient Air Quality as per NAAQS Standards,
2009 and Hazardous & Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules,
2016 under Environment Protection Act, 1986.
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Fig. 10.1 - ORGANOGRAM OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL
GENERAL MANAGER
ASSISTANT MANAGER
GENERAL MANAGER GENERAL MANAGER
SHIFT IN - CHARGE EXECUTIVE EXECUTIVE SHIFT IN - CHARGE
OPERATOR OPERATOR OPERATOR OPERATOR
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10.4 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
The Environment Management plan is meant for mitigation/ management of the adverse
impacts and the strengthening positive impacts during proposed project. Environment
Management Plan is tabulated in Table: - 10.1
TABLE - 10.1
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
ENVIRONMENTAL
COMPONENTS
SOURCES OF IMPACT MITIGATIVE MEASURE
Water
Environment
Construction activity &
abstraction of water for
construction
requirement and
sanitation in housing for
workers.
Proper management of surface water runoff shall
be made. Company will provide the sanitation
facility for workers and domestic wastewater will
be treated into STP.
Generation of process
effluents, Washing
effluent and waste
streams to be generated
from boiler, cooling
tower etc.
Wastewater (Low COD stream of process
wastewater) & Dilute Stream will be treated in to
ETP & finally disposed to CETP, Saykha Industrial
Estate.
Industrial wastewater High COD & TDS stream
will be sent to ETP then treated into In-house
MEE then MEE condensate will be reused and
MEE Salt will send to TSDF site. Solvent residue
will be send to Incineration site.
Air Environment During Construction
activities, Emission of
fugitive dust
Emission of fugitive dust due to movement of
heavy vehicles etc. shall be controlled by spraying
water in the affected zone for which an
operational water truck shall be made available
at site at all times.
There will be three-
process gas emission
source like Boiler, TFH
and D.G. Set.
Company will use the Imported Coal as fuel in
Boiler & TFH.
Increase the level of PM
concentrations in
ambient air.
Company will provide ESP + water scrubber &
adequate stack height to control Process gas
emission & adequate scrubber to control Flue gas
emission.
Land Environment There will be generation
of 23 Nos. of category of
hazardous waste from
Process, ETP, Utilities and
Company will collect storage, transportation and
disposal/sell/reuse the hazardous waste as per
characteristics of hazardous waste.
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scrubber.
Noise
Environment
Increase noise level due
to Operation of
equipment and
machineries
Manufacturers / suppliers of major noise
generating equipment / machines like
compressors, turbines, generators should be
asked to take required measures for minimizing
the noise levels generated by machines by using
noise absorbing material for various enclosures
or using appropriate design / technology for
fabricating / assembling the machines.
Noise emissions will be kept to a minimum by
regular maintenance of machineries.
Regular oiling, lubrication and maintenance of
the equipment shall be carried out to minimize
noise generation.
10.4.1 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Water requirement will meet through the GIDC Water Supply. However, record of water
consumption for different usages should be maintained.
Construction Phase
The drinking water and sanitation facilities at the project site shall be available to the
construction work force. This is necessary to reduce pollution of any receiving water body
and also to prevent hazards due to water borne vectors.
Operation Phase
Total water requirement will be 428.35 KLD (Fresh water= 266.35 KLD + Reused= 162 KLD).
The wastewater generations will 237.35 KL/Day (226.35 KLD Industrial + 11.0 KLD
Domestic).
11.0 KL/Day Domestic wastewater will be treated in STP and treated effluent will be reused
in gardening.
High COD & TDS stream: 170.0 KL/Day Wastewater from process will be sent to Solvent
Stripper then sent to In-house MEE. 151 KL/Day MEE condensate will be reused within
premises and MEE Salt will be send to TSDF site.
Low COD & TDS Stream from process (10 KL/Day) and Dilute Stream (46.35 KL/Day): 56.35
KL/Day Wastewater will be sent to ETP. Total 56.35 KLD will be treated in ETP and then
treated effluent will be sent to CETP for further treatment & disposal.
Proper housekeeping should be adopted to prevent spillages and contaminated surface
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runoff going to storm water drains.
The following measures would be taken to minimize the water usage in the
operational phase:
Endeavor to reduce the actual process water consumption by way of improvement in
operation of processing units.
Water saving by shower head flow controls, spray taps and faucet aerators and photo-
sensitive taps.
Exploring other options of reusing the treated effluent besides fire water make up or
for horticulture development.
10.4.1.1 PLANS FOR MANAGEMENT, COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL OF WASTE STREAMS TO
BE GENERATED FROM SPILLAGE, LEAKAGES, VESSEL WASHING, USED CONTAINER WASHING
ETC. MEASURES PROPOSED FOR PREVENTING EFFLUENT DISCHARGE DURING UNFORESEEN
CIRCUMSTANCES.
1. Proper housekeeping will be adopted to prevent spillages and contaminated surface runoff
going to storm water drains.
2. Contamination will be minimized due to the spillage, leakage, vessel & drum washing.
Washing water will be collected through appropriate channels and taken to ETP for
treatment. To avoid leaching entire washing area will be paved.
3. Company should make continuous efforts in waste minimization.
4. For the equipments and pipelines, leakage detection and repair will be scheduled to
minimize pollution.
5. Second wash of plant / equipment will be re-used as first wash in the same equipment /
reactor to reduce fresh water consumption.
6. Adequate spares for effluent collection and disposal system will be maintained.
10.4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT
Construction Phase (Non point sources emissions)
Generation of suspended particulate matter is a common phenomenon due to transportation
of constructions materials. This would be mitigated by allowing the vehicles entering the
premises under cover. Emission of fugitive dust due to movement of heavy vehicles etc. shall
be controlled by spraying water in the affected zone. Hosing down the wheels of the vehicles
with water and providing washing troughs for them would further mitigate the amount of
dust generated. In addition, emission of other pollutants from construction machinery using
diesel driven prime movers, will be controlled by proper maintenance.
Operation Phase (Point sources emissions)
In-plant Control Measures: Some of the mitigation measures, which can reduce the impact on
air environment, are as follows:
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Ensuring the operations of various process units as per specified operating guidelines/
operating manuals.
Strict adherence to maintenance schedule including lubrication for various
machinery/equipment.
Scrubber system will be installed to control process gas emission.
Proposed Scenario 3 Nos. of flue gas emission of air pollution at M/s. Starlite Paints I.e.
Stack attached to Boiler, TFH and DG Set.
4 nos. in proposed scenario will attach to Process vent. Two stage water scrubber will be
provide to control process gas emission.
M/s. Starlite Paints will be provide ESP + water scrubber & Adequate stack height for
better dispersion of pollutants.
Moreover, regular monitoring of stacks shall be carried out to check the emissions. Record
should be maintained for changing of scrubbing media on printed logbook. In case
emissions exceed, the corrective measures should immediately be taken and records of
the same should be maintained.
Regular ambient air quality monitoring and stack monitoring shall be carried out within
premises and should also be carried out in the nearby area for SPM, SO2, NOx, HCl, HBr,
NH3 & VOCs.
A greenbelt around the factory will be developed for reducing the air pollution and
attenuation of noise.
Adoption of good house-keeping.
10.4.2.1 INFORMATION FOR CONTROL OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS
The emissions are normally defined as emissions to the atmosphere resulting from leaking
piping sources and equipments such as valves, flanges, pump seals, connections, and
compressor seals open end lines and pressure relief valves. The emissions are not visually
observed but can be measured in relatively low concentration at each area of source.
Following measures will be adopted to prevent and control fugitive emissions:
1. Airborne dust at all transfers operations/ points will be controlled either by spraying
water or providing enclosures.
2. Adequate ventilation will be provided.
3. Regular maintenance of valves, pumps, flanges, joints and other equipment will be
done to prevent leakages and thus minimizing the fugitive emissions.
4. Entire process will be carried out in the closed reactors with proper maintenance of
pressure and temperature.
5. Periodic monitoring of work area will be carried out to check the fugitive emission.
6. Stand by pumps will be provided on all scrubbers. Besides, scrubbers will be equipped
with on-line pH meter with hooter system for better operational control.
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7. Close feeding system will be provided for centrifuges. Centrifuge and filtrate tank
vents will be connected to vent chillers.
8. Minimum number of flanges, joints and valves in pipelines.
9. Regular inspection of floating roof seals and proper preventive maintenance of roofs
and seals for tanks.
10. Fugitive emission over reactors, formulation areas, centrifuges, chemical loading,
transfer area will be collected through hoods and ducts by induced draft and
controlled by scrubber/ dust collector.
11. Dedicated scrubber will be provided are used for fugitive emissions to control.
12. For the control of dust emissions water sprinkler will be provided.
13. Enclosures to chemical storage area, collection of emission from loading of raw
materials in particular solvents through hoods and ducts by induced draft, and control
by scrubber / dust collector to be ensured.
10.4.2.2 Odor Control Measures
The chemicals used or manufactured related to the proposed project do not release any
disagreeable odor. However, if any spillage or leakage of such chemicals are taken place
then following material handling procedures will be followed to reduce the Odour and
release of chemical vapors in atmosphere.
Procedure for unloading chemicals from tankers
When a liquid is transferred from one container to another the air from the receiving
container is displaced to atmosphere and the air from atmosphere is sucked into the
container from which the material is transferred.
The air released from receiving container is contaminated with vapors of the liquid being
transferred. To avoid this release of vapors into atmosphere, the contaminated air from
receiving tank is let into the tanker from where the material is transferred with help of a
designated pipe line called as pressure equalization line or vent equalization line.
The system has been depicted in the following drawing.
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Fig. 10.2 TANKER UNLOADING
Procedure for transferring chemicals from one tank to another tank or reactor.
The same technique of pressure equalization is used for transfer of liquid from one tank to
another tank or reactor to reduce the release of vapors to atmosphere.
The system has been depicted in the following drawing.
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Spill control measures
The accidental spill of chemicals is handled in a systematic manner to reduce the odor.
1. The area where the chemical spillage can take place is covered with appropriate
adsorbent material like soda ash, saw dust or even an earth using all necessary Personal
Protective equipment (PPE).
2. Contaminated area is then cleaned with soap and water and the water used is
transferred to ETP.
3. Masking agents (e.g. PIION, ECOPEARL) spray is then used to reduce the impact of
lingering odors.
Odor can be defined as the “perception of smell” or scientific terms as “a sensation
resulting from the reception of stimulus by the olfactory sensory system”. Whether
pleasant or unpleasant, odors are induced by inhaling air-borne volatile organics or
inorganic. An odor is the most complex of all the air pollution problems.
Unlike conventional air pollutants, odor has distinctly different characteristics, which, to an
extent, can be comparable with noise pollution. Similar to noise, nuisance is the primary
effect of odor on people. Some of such characteristics are:
Substance of similar or dissimilar chemical constitution may have similar odors. Nature and
strength of odor may change on dilution.
Weak odors are not perceived in presence of strong odors.
Odors of same strength blend to produce a combination in, which one or both may be
unrecognizable.
Constant intensity of odors causes an individual to quickly loose awareness of the
sensation and only noticed when it varies in intensity.
Fatigue for one odor may not affect the perception of dissimilar odors but will interfere
with the perception of similar odors.
An unfamiliar odor is more likely to cause complaint than a familiar one.
Two or more odorous substances may cancel the smell of each other.
Odors travel downwind.
Person can smell a distance.
Many animals have keener sense of olfaction than man.
10.4.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
The sound pressure level generated by a noise source decreases with increasing distance
from the source due to wave divergence. The propagation and attenuation of noise pressure
wave is dependent on many parameters amongst which, the medium of travel and the
ambient conditions are the most significant parameters. In order to minimize adverse impact
on the noise environment, due attention shall be given for implementing noise control
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measures. Comprehensive measures shall be taken at design stage for noise from proposed
unit. The measures are as under:
The noise level at the plant boundary shall be restricted to 75 dB (A) during day time and
70 dB (A) during night time.
Noise level shall be specified for various rotating equipment as per Occupational Safety
and Health Association (OSHA) standards.
Equipment lay-out shall be done considering segregation of high noise generating sources.
Erection of suitable enclosure, if required, to minimize the impact of high noise generating
sources.
There may be small addition to the ambient noise level, due to the increased
transportation activities. This creates a slight adverse impact on the sound environment.
Regular oiling, lubrication and maintenance of the equipment shall be carried out to
minimize noise generation.
During Construction Phase
Noise effect on the nearly habitation during construction activities will be negligible as the
nearest habitat is more than 0.4 km from the plant. However, construction labor would be
provided with noise protection devises like earmuffs and occupational safety ware, as per
requirement. And noise generating equipment shall be stopped during night hours.
During Operation Phase
Following measures shall be adopted for abatement of noise during operation phase:
Acoustic laggings, enclosures and silencers shall be provided wherever necessary for high
noise generating equipment.
Sound proof glass paneling shall be provided for all operating stations / control rooms as
well as for shift rooms at critical places.
Strict implementation/ compliance of all statutory norms w.r.t. noise generation,
occupational exposure shall be done.
Use of personal protective devices such as earmuffs and earplugs shall be strictly
enforced.
Acoustic barriers / shelter shall be developed in noisy workplaces.
Noise generating sources in the plant areas shall be monitored regularly. Monitoring of
ambient noise levels should also be carried out regularly both inside the premises as well
as outside the greenbelt.
However, due to the attenuation of noise level within the factory and due to the fact that the
project site is situated in a well developed industrial estate and not in the immediate vicinity
of human settlement, significant impact is not expected in the nearest present human
settlement. The volume of transport vehicles to be handled is very low. The company shall
develop a green belt around the periphery of the premises, which shall act as a barrier to the
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propagation of noise from the factory premises. This shall further reduce the noise levels
appreciably.
It is recommended to measure and maintain records of noise level at various places
within and outside factory premises.
Manufacturers/ suppliers of major noise generating equipment/ machines like
compressors, turbines, generators should be asked to take required measures for
minimizing the noise levels generated by machines by using noise absorbing material
for various enclosures or using appropriate design/ technology for fabricating/
assembling the machines.
Audiometric tests should be conducted periodically for the employees working close
to the high noise sources.
High noise generating machines and processes required for proposed project will be
enclosed and insulated.
Insulation of ventilation pipes and use of dampers will be made at all possible places.
Implementation of management control on site for limiting transportation timing by
adopting mechanical and technological ideas.
Preventive maintenance schedule will be followed for all instruments and machineries
to maintain good working condition.
Enclosures and barriers will be provided to pumps and machineries producing high
noise levels, required for proposed project.
Workers exposed to high noise generating operations will be provided with suitable
ear protection devices.
10.4.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT
10.4.4.1 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT
23 Categories of Hazardous/Solid Wastes shall be generated from this Unit.
MEE Salt, ETP Sludge and Sodium Chloride will be Collected, Stored, Transported and
Disposal at nearest TSDF site.
Used/Spent Oil, Discarded Containers / Bags / Liners will be Collected, Stored, Transported,
Decontaminated & Disposal by selling to registered recycler.
Used Filters/Filter Cloths & Materials, Used Hy-Flow Material, Distillation Residue, Solvent
Residue, Organic Impurities and Expired Pesticides will be Collected, Stored, Transported
& given to cement industries for co-processing or incineration in common incineration
facility.
Spent Catalyst will be Collected, Stored, Transported and send to regenerator.
Spent Solvent, NaBr solution, Aq. MnO2, Hydrobromic Acid (40%), N-propyl bromide, HCl
(30%), Methyl Acetate, KCl, NAHSO3 Solution, and Liq. Ammonia will be collected, stored,
transported and sold to end users having Rule 9 Permission.
Ash from boiler will be collected, stored and transported to brick manufacturer.
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Storage of Hazardous Waste:
Hazardous waste shall not be stored for a period more than 90 days. And shall maintain
records and make them available for inspection.
Store at a designated Onsite-secured area with impervious floor that affords protection
from sun & rain fall, spreading of leachate, mixing of wastes etc.
Transportation of Hazardous Waste:
Properly packed & labeled waste transport through dedicated vehicle to a captive facility/
authorized TSDF & Incineration facility.
10.4.4.2 METHODOLOGY OF DE-CONTAMINATION AND DISPOSAL OF DISCARDED
CONTAINERS AND ITS RECORD KEEPING
Decontamination & Disposal of Discarded Containers: The proper disposal of empty
chemical containers is more important for hazardous chemicals as it can contain residual
amounts of chemicals. There can be no more than 1 inch of material left in the container not
more than 3% by weight of the containers capacity. In an effort to ensure that this residue is
handled properly and to be able to recycle or properly dispose of these containers, the
following procedure is to be followed. The below guidelines are useful for non-hazardous
chemicals also.
Rinse Procedure: An empty chemical container that contains hazardous chemicals (liquid or
solid), must be rinsed 3 times with water (or appropriate rinsing agent) before being
discarded. The first rinse should be collected as chemical waste, it can be put into any waste
container of compatible chemicals, the second & third rinses can then go down to drain. If the
chemical is on the list of acutely hazardous waste, then all three rinses must be collected.
After the containers are rinsed, they can be discarded appropriately as described below. All
caps should be let off of the discarded containers. Containers should be labeled with “Empty”
labels and the chemical name should be crossed or blacked out prior to being discarded. Caps
may be discarded to regular trash. Finally, it is disposed off by sell it to authorized
decontamination facility / recycler or reuse.
Reuse /Recycle/ Disposal of cleaned containers:
• All chemicals must follow the above rinse except the volatile Solvents & before being
discarded in any form.
• Metal containers or any plastic containers, plastic tubing or plastic beakers that do not meet
the recycling criteria can be discarded into regular trash.
• Glass containers, glass tubing that do not meet the recycling criteria should be placed into
trash can for disposal.
• Plastic & glass containers that meet the recycling criteria must be placed in appropriate
recycling containers.
• Empty compressed gas cylinders should be returned to vendor.
M/S. STARLITE PAINTS
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EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/s. AQUA-AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD. 10 - 14
10.5 MEASURES FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ECOLOGY
There are no Wild life sanctuaries, Bird sanctuaries, National Parks within 10 Km radius of the
plant. No significant vegetation occurs in and around the project site. No significant fauna
exists in the area. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on flora & fauna due to the
proposed project.
10.6 IDENTIFICATION OF RECYCLE/REUSE, CLEANER PRODUCTION AND CO-PROCESSING
OPTION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
It is recommended to analyze each hazardous waste periodically and maintain records.
Check the calorific value of the ETP Sludge and process waste and then explore
possibilities of Co-Processing in Cement Industry as Primary fuel. Waste materials used for
co-processing are referred to as alternative fuels and raw materials (AFR).
1. Reduce water consumption by proper housekeeping, utilizing low-flow, drip or micro-
spray irrigation systems and technologies that reduce water loss.
2. Repairing leaks to pipes, glands, seals and gaskets can significantly reduce energy
costs.
3. Second wash of plant/ equipment will be re-used as first wash in the same equipment/
reactor to reduce fresh water consumption.
10.7 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT
Total 3565 sq. meter land area is available at site; out of this area about 10800.675 sq. meter
(33 %) area is covered as greenbelt and other forms of greenery.
Trees will be planted with spacing of 2m x 2m and Approx. 892 number of trees have to be
developed accordingly. Good greenery shall be maintained in and around the site by planting
various types of tress and maintaining lawns. A green belt shall be developed within the site
boundary and across the premises inside roads. Trees like Neem, Gulmohar, Champa, Gauva,
Palm Trees, Nariyal, Ghaneri, Shevga, Jangli badam, Sag, Jamun, Mango, Rain tree etc. shall be
planted in and around the site.
GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
Year No. of Trees
2022-2024 892
BUDGET FOR DEVELOPMENT OF GREENBELT
Year Cost in Rupees Recurring Cost
2022-2024 13,00,000 3,00,000 Rs./Year
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EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/s. AQUA-AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD. 10 - 15
Green Belt – 1
Area – 1143 m2
No. of Trees: 285
Green Belt – 2
Area – 457 m2
No. of Trees: 115
Green Belt – 3
Area – 458 m2
No. of Trees: 114
Green Belt – 4
Area – 854 m2
No. of Trees: 214
Green Belt – 5
Area – 653 m2
No. of Trees: 164
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EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/s. AQUA-AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD. 10 - 16
TOTAL NO. OF TREE = 892 NOS.
Sr.
No. Types Of Tree
No. of Trees (Approx.)
Green
Belt - 1
Green
Belt – 2
Green
Belt - 3
Green
Belt - 4
Green
Belt - 5
Total
1 Neem 20 0 5 12 25 62
2 Gulmohar 25 15 0 10 0 50
3 Champa 20 0 12 20 14 66
4 Gauva 15 8 8 12 10 53
5 Palm 28 12 12 25 0 77
6 Nariyal 32 15 15 18 15 95
7 Ghaneri 25 0 20 15 20 80
8 Shevga 20 10 5 20 15 70
9 Jangli Badam 32 15 8 22 20 97
10 Sag 30 10 0 25 10 75
11 Jamun 18 15 15 17 15 80
12 Mango 20 15 14 18 20 87
Total 285 115 114 214 164 892
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EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/s. AQUA-AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD. 10 - 17
10.8 MEASURES FOR CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
M/s. Starlite Paints shall adopt various measures for energy conservation:
Energy efficient machineries will be used during operation phase.
Installation of economizer & high efficiency burner on steam boilers.
Company shall try to utilize renewable sources of energy for conservation of non-
renewable sources of energy.
Enough care will be taken to prevent/minimize energy losses at each stage.
Energy audit will be used as a tool for monitoring purpose.
External lights will be controlled through timers for auto on/off function based on
timings.
The cable size will be selected so as to minimize the power losses.
The power factor improvement capacitors will be provided individually for AC loads.
Using water cooled chillers, variable frequency drives for secondary pumps and public
area and building management system for HVAC equipments with non-CFC and non-
HCFC based refrigerants.
Use of VFDs for various utilities in variable load application to optimize pump and air
handling unit performance, wherever required.
Automated day light control.
Efficient lamps and ballasts.
Automated control for external lighting (Astronomical/Sensor).
Occupancy Sensors.
Phase-wise implementation of Advance Process Control (APC) in the process plants.
Replacement of conventional lighting fixture by more energy efficient fittings.
Installation of improved insulation over the High Pressure (HP) steam line to reduce
the heat loss.
Use of FRP blade on Cooling Tower.
Company shall explore possibility of use of solar energy for various infrastructure operations.
Also use of Energy Efficient Lighting, Transformers, HVAC system, Use of Energy Efficient
Motors, electrical appliances to minimize the energy consumption in addition to Process
Planning.
10.9 SKILLED AND TRAINED MANPOWER
Employment would be as per prevailing norms of state government for skilled and trained
people for the proposed project. Due to project, 100 people shall be employed for operation.
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10.10 CAPITAL COST FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANGEMENT
Total capital investments for the project will Rs. 52.00 Crores
Sr.
No. Purpose
Total
(Rs. In Crore)
1 Cost of Land, Building & Machinery 30
2
Capital cost of air & water pollution control
system and environmental monitoring
equipments
22
3 Recurring cost (Operation and maintenance) 27
10.11 ACTION PLAN FOR TRANSPORTATION OF RAW MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS
1. Every material (FG and or Raw material) container should be with TREM CARD, Material
Safety Data Sheet.
2. Container should be marked with Emergency Information Panel (includes Correct
Technical Name, Class Label, UN NO, HAZCHEM, Emergency Dial, Specialist advice etc).
3. Container or Tank should be thoroughly hydraulically tested and test certificate should be
available with driver.
4. Only trained driver having valid driving license are allowed to carry out transportation of
material.
5. Driver should be allowed with attendant to enter inside or going outside from the
company.
6. Driver and attendant well trained on Driving rules, Chemical Properties, Emergency
Preparedness (Communication, Leakage spillage handling, Use of PPE, First-aid, Fire
fighting measures, Toxic release measures).
7. Container should be certified for road worthiness, PUC certificate.
8. Vehicle should be equipped with firefighting equipment, first aid box, Toolbox, Antidotes,
PPEs and Emergency Exit.
9. Conditions of Valves and fittings should be checked at security gate and proper corrective
action will be taken in case of any abnormality.
Transportation of all the raw material and products shall primarily by road only. The raw
material and products shall be received delivered in Tanks, MS/HDPE/FIBRE drums, Carboys
and cylinders as well as through tankers & containers and stores at ambient temperature. All
the storage tanks of hazardous flammable substance will be located within premises in
separate storage area i.e. solvent farm area at ambient temperature. Solvents shall be stored
in cool and dry place with all precautionary process instrumentation and safety appliance.
Large area shall be covered by well-designed warehouse, which is containing store office, raw
material store, finished product stores etc. In case of any abnormality reported to site
regarding road accident, our emergency response team will reach at the site and take proper
corrective action and information of such incident will be provided to local police station and
other government authority as per situation.
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EIA REPORT PREPARED BY M/s. AQUA-AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD. 11 - 1
CHAPTER - 11
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY & CONLCUSION
11.1 INTRODUCTION
M/s. Starlite Paints Proposed Pesticide Specific Intermediates (450 MT/Month)
Manufacturing Unit at Plot No. DP-46, Saykha Industrial Estate, Tal: Vagra, Dist: Bharuch
(Gujarat). Proposed project falls in category A - 5(b) as company is located inside of Saykha
Industrial Estate that is why we applied for Environmental Clearance at MoEF & CC, New
Delhi. The EIA document has been prepared as per the generic structure of the EIA report,
as per the guidelines provided MoEF & CC, New Delhi.
11.2 PROJECT DISCRIPTION
M/s. Starlite Paints Proposed Pesticide Specific Intermediates (450 MT/Month)
Manufacturing Unit at Plot No. DP-46, Saykha Industrial Estate, Tal: Vagra, Dist: Bharuch
(Gujarat). Proposed project falls in category A - 5(b) as company is located inside of Saykha
Industrial Estate that’s why we applied for Environmental Clearance at MoEF & CC, New
Delhi. Site being located in GIDC, there will be easy availability of fuel, CETP, TSDF,
manpower and easy availability of raw materials. Unit is having Total 10800.675 sq. meter
land area is available at site; out of this area about 3565 sq. meter (33 %) area is covered as
greenbelt and other forms of greenery. Power supply will be taken 2000 KVA from DGVCL
and DG Set of 500*2 KVA (as and when required). Source of water will be met through GIDC
Water Supply. Water requirement is 428.35 KL/Day (Fresh – 266.35 KL/Day + Reuse – 162
KL/Day) which is met through GIDC water supply. Total Permanent employees will be
approx. 100 direct employments to local skilled and unskilled people based on qualification
and requirement and preference will be given to local person for fulfilment of the
manpower requirement. Solid/ hazardous wastes will be disposed as per Hazardous waste
rules, 2016.
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11.3 PRODUCT AND CAPACITY
List of Products Along with Their Production Capacity
Sr.
No.
Name of Products Quantity
MT/Month
CAS No. LD50
(mg/Kg)
1 Methyl-3-methoxy{2-(2-(6-
chloropyrimidine-4-yl)oxy phenyl}-
acrylate (Inter-3 MONO)
450
131860-97-4 >2000
2 1-(2,6-diiso propyl)-4- phenoxyphenyl)
thiourea (DTU). 135252-10-7 >500
3 4-amino-6-(tert-butyl)-3-thioxo-3,4-
dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H)-
one(Triazinone)
33509-43-2 2347
4 Bromobenzene 108-86-1 2383
5 O-(4- bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-O,O-diethyl
phosphorothioate: (PC) 71093-61-3 --
6 2-(4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-chlorophenyl)-
2-(bromomethyl)-4-methyl 1,3-dioxolane
(Bromoketal).
873012-43-2 --
7 2-Chloro 5-Chloro MethylThiazole (CCMT) 105827-91-6 >2000
8 Diethyl Ketone (DEK) 96-22-0 2140
Total 450
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11.4 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS
AIR ENVIRONMENT
During the study SPM concentration was observed in the range of 126.2 – 138.3 µg/m3.
Maximum concentration of SPM was found at Vilayat (138.3 µg/m3), which is well within
the standard limit.
During the study PM10.0 concentration was observed in the range of 71.6 – 78.6 µg/m3.
Maximum concentration of PM10.0 was found at Sayakha (76.7 µg/m3), which is well
within the standard limit.
During the study PM2.5 concentration was observed in the range of 42.2 – 47.4 µg/m3.
Maximum concentration of PM2.5 was found at Sayakha (47 µg/m3), which is well within
the standard limit.
During the study SO2 concentration was observed in the range of 9.1 – 14.4 µg/m3.
Maximum concentration of SO2 was found at Sayakha (13.5 µg/m3), which is well within
the standard limit.
During the study NOx concentration was observed in the range of 10.3 – 17 µg/m3.
Maximum concentration of NOx was found at Sayakha (15.5 µg/m3), which is well within
the standard limit.
Sr.
No.
Criteria
Pollutants Unit
Maximum
Value
Minimum
Value
98 Percentile
Value
Prescribed
Standard
1. PM10 g/m3 78.6 71.6 78 100
2. PM2.5 g/m3 47.4 42.2 47 60
3. SO2 g/m3 14.4 9.1 14 80
4. NOx g/m3 17.0 10.3 17 80
The PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations at all the AAQM locations were primarily caused by local
phenomena including industrial & vehicular activities and natural dust getting air borne due
to manmade activities and blowing wind. PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were observed
below stipulated standards of CPCB for Industrial, Residential, Rural and Other Area at all air
quality monitoring locations during the monitoring period. Results of all parameters are
found within limit.
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WATER ENVIRONMENT
BASELINE GROUND WATER QUALITY
pH of Ground water samples varied from 7.55 to 8.25. Maximum pH was found at
Cholad (8.25), which is well within the standard limit.
Total Suspended Solids was varied the range of 10 to 16 mg/L. Maximum TSS was found
at Bhersam (16.0 mg/L), which is well within the standard limit.
Total Hardness (as CaCO3) was varied in the range of from 54.21 to 1125.7 mg/L.
Maximum Total Hardness was found at Valiyal (789.02 mg/L), which is well within the
standard limit.
Total Dissolved Solids was varied in range of 190 to 2088 mg/L. Maximum Total
Dissolved Solids was found at Saran (2088 mg/L), which is well within the standard
limit.
Chlorides were varied in the range of 12.81 to 778.8 mg/L. Maximum Chlorides was
found at Saran (778.8 mg/L), which is well within the standard limit.
DO was varied in range of 6.98 to 7.28 mg/L. Maximum DO was found at Cholad (7.28
mg/L), which is well within the standard limit.
COD was varied in range of 1.32 to 14.84 mg/L. Maximum COD was found at Saran
(14.84 mg/L), which is well within the standard limit.
Sr.
No. Criteria Pollutants Unit
Maximum
Value
Minimum
Value
Desirable
Limit
Maximum
Permissible
Limit
1. pH pH
Scale
8.25 7.55 6.5-8.5 No
Relaxation
2. Total Suspended Solids mg/l 10 16 80 120
3. Total Hardness mg/l 789.02 54.21 200 600
4. Fluoride mg/l <0.05 <0.05 1 1.5
5. Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 2088 190 500 2100
6. Chlorides mg/l 778.8 12.81 250 1000
7. Zinc mg/l 0.17 0.06 5 15
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BASELINE SURFACE WATER QUALITY
pH of Surface water samples varied from 7.33 to 7.85. Maximum pH was found at
Khojbal Pond (7.85), which is well within the standard limit.
DO was varied in range of 7.08 to 7.28 mg/L. Maximum DO was found at Cholad Pond
(7.28 mg/L), which is well within the standard limit.
COD was varied in range of 8.59 mg/L. Maximum COD was found at Cholad Pond (8.59
mg/L), which is well within the standard limit.
BOD327 was varied in range of BDL to 2.9 mg/L. Maximum BOD3
27 was found at Cholad
Pond (2.9 mg/L), which is well within the standard limit.
Sr.
No.
Criteria
Pollutants Unit
Maximum
Value
Minimum
Value
Classification Of Inland Water
Body
A
1. pH pH Scale 7.85 7.33 A
2. DO mg/l 7.28 7.08 A
3. COD mg/l 8.59 8.59 A
4. BOD mg/l 2.9 2.9 B
NOISE ENVIRONMENT
The objective of the noise pollution survey around the project site was to identify existing
noise sources and to measure background noise levels. The study was carried out in the
following steps:
Reconnaissance
Identification of noise sources and measurement of noise levels
Measurement of noise levels due to transportation
Community noise levels
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LAND ENVIRONMENT
Soil quality monitoring has been carried during summer season at 11 locations.
BASELINE STATUS
Parameters like Porosity, Water Holding Capacity, Bulk Density, etc. were considered.
Based on the soil analysis report, the following can be concluded:
pH of samples varied from 7.01 to 7.82. Maximum pH was found at Vahiyal (7.82),
which is well within the standard limit.
Nitrogen (N) was varied in range of 51.08 to 127.98 mg/kg. Maximum Nitrogen (N) was
found at Vorasamni (127.98 mg/kg), which is well within the standard limit.
Phosphorus (P) was varied in range of 10.15 to 60.53 mg/kg. Maximum Phosphorus (P)
was found at Kothia (60.53 mg/kg), which is well within the standard limit.
Potassium (K) was varied in range of 16.6 to 154.5 mg/kg. Maximum Potassium (K) was
found at Khojbal (60.53 mg/kg), which is well within the standard limit.
Electric Conductivity was varied in range of 0.082 to 0.456 mS/cm. Maximum Electric
Conductivity was found at Saran (0.456 mS/cm), which is well within the standard limit.
Sr. No. Criteria Pollutants Unit Maximum Value Minimum Value
1. pH pH Scale 7.82 7.01
2. Nitrogen (N) mg/l 127.98 51.08
3. Phosphorus (P) mg/l 60.53 10.15
4. Potassium (K) mg/l 154.5 16.6
5. Electric Conductivity mS/cm 0.456 0.082
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11.5 Water Requirement, Waste Water Generation and Treatment
Total water requirement will be 428.35 KLD (Fresh water= 266.35 KLD + Reused= 162
KLD). The wastewater generations will 237.35 KL/Day (226.35 KLD Industrial + 11.0 KLD
Domestic).
11.0 KL/Day Domestic wastewater will be treated in STP and treated effluent will be
reused in gardening.
High COD & TDS stream: 170.0 KL/Day Wastewater from process will be sent to Solvent
Stripper then sent to In-house MEE. 151 KL/Day MEE condensate will be reused within
premises and MEE Salt will be send to TSDF site.
Low COD & TDS Stream from process (10 KL/Day) and Dilute Stream (46.35 KL/Day):
56.35 KL/Day Wastewater will be sent to ETP. Total 56.35 KLD will be treated in ETP and
then treated effluent will be sent to CETP for further treatment & disposal.
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11.6 Air Pollution Source and Control Management
3 Nos. flue gas emission of air pollution at M/s. Starlite Paints I.e. Stack attached to Boiler,
TFH and DG Set.
And 4 Nos. of process gas emission in scenario will attach to Reaction vessels. Adequate
scrubber will be installed to control process gas emission.
Adequate stack height for better dispersion of pollutants.
11.7 Hazardous Waste
23 Categories of Hazardous/Solid Wastes shall be generated from this Unit.
Used Filters/Filter Cloths & Materials, Used Hy-Flow Material, MEE Salt, ETP Sludge and
Sodium Chloride will be Collected, Stored, Transported and Disposal at nearest TSDF
site.
Used/Spent Oil, Discarded Containers / Bags / Liners will be Collected, Stored,
Transported, Decontaminated & Disposal by selling to registered recycler.
Distillation Residue, Solvent Residue, Organic Impurities and Expired Pesticides will be
Collected, Stored, Transported & given to cement industries for co-processing or
incineration in common incineration facility.
Spent Catalyst will be Collected, Stored, Transported and send to regenerator.
Spent Solvent, NaBr solution, Aq. MnO2, Hydrobromic Acid (40%), N-propyl bromide,
HCl (30%), Methyl Acetate, KCl, NAHSO3 Solution, and Liq. Ammonia will be collected,
stored, transported and sold to end users having Rule 9 Permission.
Ash from boiler will be stored, collected and transport to brick manufacturer.
11.8 Green Belt
Total 10800.675 sq. meter land area is available at site; out of this area about 3565 sq.
meter (33 %) area is covered as greenbelt and other forms of greenery.
11.9 Power Requirements & Fuel requirement
Total Power Requirement
Power required from DGVCL is 2000 KVA
Stand by power supply from D. G. set: 500*2 KVA
Fuel Requirement
Fuel for Boiler: Imported Coal - 32 MT/Day
Fuel for Thermic Fluid Heater: Imported Coal - 32 MT/Day
Fuel for D.G. Set: Diesel - 800 Liters/Day (Emergency power back up)
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11.10 Details of Hazardous Chemicals Storage
The detail of Hazardous Chemical Storage & Handling is as under…
Sr.
No.
Name of the
Hazardous
Substance
Maximum
Storage
No of
Vessels
Vessel
Capacity
Mode of
Storage Type Of Hazard
1 Chlorine 9.9 MT 11 0.9 MT Tonner Toxic
2 Bromine 8 MT 2
(1 Spare
Tank)
8 KL Iso tank
Toxic
3 Toluene 100 MT 2 50 MT Tank Flammable 4 Trimethyl
orthoformate
15 MT 1 15 MT Tank Flammable/Toxic
5 Acetic
Anhydride
15 MT 1 15 MT Tank Corrosive
6 Methanol 50 MT 1 50 MT Tank Flammable
7 Ethylene
Dichloride
35 MT 1 35 MT Tank Toxic &
Flammable
8 O- Xylene 40 MT 2 20 MT Tank Flammable/Toxic
9 Hydrocloric
Acid
35 MT 1 35 MT Tank Corrosive
10 NaOH 35 MT 1 35 MT Tank Toxic
11 MDCB 35 MT 1 35 MT Tank Flammable/Toxic
12 PAC 35 MT 1 35 MT Tank Toxic
13 Cyclohexane 30 MT 2 15 MT Tank Flammable
14 Methyl
Formate 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum Flammable
15 Dimethyl
sulfoxide 3 MT 15 200 lit Drum Flammable/Toxic
16 Phenol 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum Toxic &
Flammable
17 KOH 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum Toxic
18 KMnO4 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum Toxic
19 Thiocarbohydr
azide 3 MT 15 200 lit Drum Toxic
20 Benzene 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum --
21 AlCl3 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum Toxic
22 Acetyl
Chloride 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum Flammable/Toxic
23 Propionic Acid 4 MT 20 200 lit Drum Flammable
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11.11 Capital and recurring cost earmarked for environmental protection measures
Total capital investment for the project will Rs. 52 Crores.
Sr. No. Purpose
Total
(Rs. In
Crore)
1 Cost of Land, Building & Machinery 30
2
Capital cost of air & water pollution control
system and environmental monitoring
equipments
22
3 Recurring cost (Operation and maintenance) 27
11.12 Conclusion
The EIA study of M/s. Starlite Paints has been carried out with respect to the Standard TORs
awarded by MoEF&CC, Delhi. All the impacts likely to have an effect on the environment
have been identified and efficient/adequate mitigation measures have been proposed for
the same.
The proposed project will provide quality product at lower cost to the users.
There should be positive impact on the socio-economic condition of the area in terms of
direct and indirect employment due to the proposed project.
Numbers of local trained persons are likely to get jobs.
Country will save valuable foreign exchange as import of these products will be reduced
by corresponding amount.
These products also have export potential. Hence, possibility of earning foreign
exchange.
The effluent generated from the proposed project will be treated in ETP, MEE and sent
CETP, Saykha.
Company will use Imported Coal & Diesel as fuel in Boiler, Thermic fluid heater & D. G.
set and will provide adequate stack height and there will be very minimal impact on air
pollution due to emission from stacks and process vents.
M/S. AQUA – AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
403, CENTER POINT, NR. KADIWALASCHOOL,
RING ROAD, SURAT – 395002 (GUJ.) INDIA
TEL: +91 (261) 2460854/2461241
EMAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: WWW.AQUA-AIR.CO.IN
12-1
CHAPTER – 12
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED
Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd.
Environmental Consultants, Engineers & Turnkey Project Executors
NABET/QCI ACCREDITED EIA CONSULTANT
MoEFCC APPROVED LABORATORY
NABL ACCREDITED TESTING LABORATORY
ISO 9001:2015 Certified Company
OHSAS 18001:2007 Certified Company
M/S. AQUA – AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
403, CENTER POINT, NR. KADIWALASCHOOL,
RING ROAD, SURAT – 395002 (GUJ.) INDIA
TEL: +91 (261) 2460854/2461241
EMAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: WWW.AQUA-AIR.CO.IN
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12.1COMPANY PROFILE
Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. is a Surat based company; one of the leading and
multidiscipline Environmental Management Consulting firms of the region.
Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. was founded by Mr. Jayesh S. Patel & Mrs. Archana J. Patel
on May 7, 2008 and Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. was registered under the companies
Act on May 7, 2008.
Office having 6,756 Sq. Ft. of area covering EC/EIA Department, R & D Centre (Environmental
Laboratory), Consent (CTE & CC&A) Department, ETP/Project Department, Solar Department, Export
Department and Account Department, Library, Conference room and Administration Department, etc.
with experienced and qualified staff to render services in the field of Environmental Management of
various types of industries.
Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. has a well-established track record in monitoring legislation
and developing and implementing strategies for organizations that enable them to manage the impact
of environmental issues on their business.
The company has built a reputation for delivering innovative and practical solutions to environment
related business issues. These solutions help our clients to achieve successful business outcomes and
make sustainable environment serving improvements within their business operations.
M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. has applied to get the recognition as Environmental
Laboratory under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 on June 12, 2019. Based on recommendations of
the Expert Committee for recognition of Environmental Laboratories in its 63rd meeting held on 1st
October, 2020, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) approves the
recognition of M/s. Aqua Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd., considering the current validity of
mandatory accreditation / certifications of the laboratory. This recognition shall be valid up to Dec 3rd,
2021.
M/S. AQUA – AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
403, CENTER POINT, NR. KADIWALASCHOOL,
RING ROAD, SURAT – 395002 (GUJ.) INDIA
TEL: +91 (261) 2460854/2461241
EMAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: WWW.AQUA-AIR.CO.IN
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Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. started the process for “EIA Consultant Organization”
accreditation under National Accreditation Board for Education And Training (NABET)/Quality Council
of India (QCI), New Delhi on January 7, 2010 and submitted the application (Rev. 06) for “EIA
Consultant Organization” accreditation under NABET, New Delhi on April 8, 2010. Office assessment
was done by external NABET/QCI auditors on Feb. 3 & 4, 2011. NABET/QCI closed the application of
Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. on March 15, 2011. Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt.
Ltd. filed SCA in Hon’ble High Court of Gujarat against MoEFCC, QCI & NABET, New Delhi on April 13,
2012. Hon’ble High Court of Gujarat issued stay order against operation of all OMs (related to
NABET/QCI Scheme) of MoEFCC, New Delhi for the company on Jan. 24, 2013. MoEFCC, New Delhi
published Notification regarding mandatory implementation accreditation scheme of NABET/QCI on
March 3, 2016. Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers P. Ltd. along with 11 EIA Consultants of Gujarat filed
SCA No. 5312 of 2016 in Hon'ble High Court of Gujarat. Hon'ble High Court of Gujarat gave Stay Order
on Apr. 5, 2016 against implementation of Notification dated March 3, 2016 of MoEFCC, New Delhi till
further orders.
M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. have written letter to withdraw their name from
Court case from Hon’ble High Court of Gujarat and have received the Withdrawal receipt copy from
their Advocate.
M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. has applied for NABET/QCI Accreditation on March 11,
2020 along with Desktop Assessment – 1 (DA-1) fees covering 22 Sectors. M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental
Engineers Pvt. Ltd.'s Desktop Assessment – 1 (DA-1) is already completed and all NC’s generated by
QCI/NABET secretariat have been closed by Aqua-Air. Aqua-Air has paid the Desktop Assessment – 2
(DA-2) fees and DA-2 was completed on May 28, 2020. Aqua-Air’s Office Assessment took place during
Oct. 5 to 8, 2020 & NABET’s Accreditation committee granted accreditation on Nov. 6, 2020 (valid till
Oct. 7, 2023) for 16 sectors i.e. Mining of minerals (opencast), Thermal power plants, Cement Plants,
Soda ash Industry, Chemical fertilizers, Pesticides industry and pesticide specific intermediates
(excluding formulations), Manmade fibers manufacturing, Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes &
dye intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic
organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical intermediates), Distilleries, Pulp and
Paper Industry, Industrial estates/ parks/ complexes/areas, export processing Zones (EPZs), Special
M/S. AQUA – AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
403, CENTER POINT, NR. KADIWALASCHOOL,
RING ROAD, SURAT – 395002 (GUJ.) INDIA
TEL: +91 (261) 2460854/2461241
EMAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: WWW.AQUA-AIR.CO.IN
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Economic Zones (SEZs), Biotech Parks, Leather Complexes, Common hazardous waste treatment,
storage and disposal facilities (TSDFs), Bio-medical waste treatment facilities, Common Effluent
Treatment Plants (CETPs), Common Municipal Solid Waste Management Facility (CMSWMF) & Building
and construction projects.
M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. started the process for ISO/IEC 17025:2005
Accreditation by NABL, New Delhi for the Competence Testing & Calibration Laboratories on June 24,
2008 and submitted the application (Version No. 10) to NABL, New Delhi for ISO/IEC 17025:2005
registration on October 7, 2008. After final assessment and Non-Conformances resolved and corrective
actions taken against the Non-Conformances, Laboratory Department, M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental
Engineers Pvt. Ltd. was accredited with the certification of ISO/IEC 17025:2005 on Oct. 15, 2010 and
was valid up to Oct. 14, 2012. Re-accreditation of ISO/IEC 17025:2005 was received on June 5, 2013
and was valid up to June 4, 2015. Re-accreditation of ISO/IEC 17025:2005 was received on Jan. 6, 2016
and was valid up to Jan. 5, 2018. Re-accreditation of ISO/IEC 17025:2005 was received on May 28, 2018
and is valid up to May 27, 2020.
M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. started the process for ISO 9001:2008 registration for
Quality Management System on December 1, 2009 and submitted the application for ISO 9001:2008
registration on March 4, 2010. After final assessment, M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd.
was certified from ANAB by M/s. Intertek System Certification on May 4, 2010 and it was valid up to
May 4, 2013.We were re-certified on May 4, 2013 and it was valid up to May 4, 2016. We were re-
certified on May 30, 2016 and it was valid up to Sept. 14, 2018. M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers
Pvt. Ltd. got ISO 9001:2015 from M/s. Equalitas Certifications Ltd. on Dec, 4, 2018 and it is valid up to
Dec. 3, 2021. M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engrs. Pvt. Ltd. got OHSAS18001:2007 from M/s. Equalitas
Certifications Ltd. on March 16, 2019 and it is valid up to March 15, 2022.
M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engrs. Pvt. Ltd. applied for recognition as "Schedule–II Environmental
Auditor" with Gujarat Pollution Control Board (GPCB) on Sept. 11, 2008 and got its first recognition as
"Schedule–II Environmental Auditor" from the GPCB on Dec. 24, 2008 and it was valid from Jan. 1, 2009
to Dec. 31, 2010. M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engrs. Pvt. Ltd. applied for renewal of recognition as
"Schedule–II Environmental Auditor" with Gujarat Pollution Control Board (GPCB) on Dec. 21, 2010 and
M/S. AQUA – AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
403, CENTER POINT, NR. KADIWALASCHOOL,
RING ROAD, SURAT – 395002 (GUJ.) INDIA
TEL: +91 (261) 2460854/2461241
EMAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: WWW.AQUA-AIR.CO.IN
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got its second recognition as "Schedule–II Environmental Auditor" from the GPCB on Oct. 24, 2011 and
it was valid from Jan. 1, 2011 to Dec. 31, 2012. M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engrs. Pvt. Ltd. applied for
renewal of recognition as "Schedule–II Environmental Auditor" with Gujarat Pollution Control Board
(GPCB) on Dec. 12, 2012 and got its third recognition as "Schedule–II Environmental Auditor" from the
GPCB on Jan. 4, 2014and it was valid from Jan. 1, 2013 to Dec. 31, 2014. M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental
Engrs. Pvt. Ltd. applied for renewal of recognition as "Schedule–II Environmental Auditor" with Gujarat
Pollution Control Board (GPCB) on Dec. 6, 2014 and got its fourth recognition as "Schedule–II
Environmental Auditor" from the GPCB on Jan. 17, 2015 and it was valid from Jan. 1, 2015 to Dec. 31,
2016. M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engrs. Pvt. Ltd. applied for renewal of recognition as "Schedule–II
Environmental Auditor" (under Modified Environmental Audit Scheme dated Jan. 23, 2015) with
Gujarat Pollution Control Board (GPCB) on Nov. 27, 2017 and got its fifth recognition as "Schedule–II
Environmental Auditor" from the GPCB on Feb. 13, 2017 and it was valid from Jan. 1, 2017 to Dec. 31,
2018. M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engrs. Pvt. Ltd. applied for renewal of recognition as "Schedule–II
Environmental Auditor" with Gujarat Pollution Control Board (GPCB) on Nov. 5, 2018 and got its sixth
recognition as "Schedule–II Environmental Auditor" from the GPCB on March 28, 2019 and it is valid
from Jan. 1, 2019 to Dec. 31, 2020.
M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. received the Certificate of Registration of Trade Mark,
Section 23 (2), Rule 62 (1) from Trade Marks Registry, Govt. of India on January 18, 2011.
The company’s work is spread all over Gujarat in India & Oman. Company have already prepared 578
Form-1, 496 EIA & EMP reports, 477 Risk Assessment & DMP reports, conducted 90 Public Hearings
and obtained 453 Environmental Clearances so far that includes Mining of minerals including opencast
/ underground mining, Thermal power plants, Mineral beneficiation, Metallurgical industries (ferrous &
non-ferrous), Cement Plants, Chlor-alkali industry, Soda ash Industry, Chemical fertilizers, Pesticides
industry and pesticide specific intermediates (excluding formulations), Manmade fibers manufacturing,
Petrochemical based processing (processes other than cracking & reformation and not covered under
the complexes), Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye intermediates; bulk drugs and
intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic
organic chemicals and chemical intermediates), Distilleries, Pulp and Paper Industry, Sugar Industry,
Industrial estates/ parks/ complexes/areas, export processing Zones (EPZs), Special Economic Zones
M/S. AQUA – AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
403, CENTER POINT, NR. KADIWALASCHOOL,
RING ROAD, SURAT – 395002 (GUJ.) INDIA
TEL: +91 (261) 2460854/2461241
EMAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: WWW.AQUA-AIR.CO.IN
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(SEZs), Biotech Parks, Leather Complexes, Common hazardous waste treatment, storage and disposal
facilities (TSDFs), Bio-medical waste treatment facilities, Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs),
Common Municipal Solid Waste Management Facility (CMSWMF), Building and construction projects &
Townships and Area development projects.
Company's MoEFCC Approved Laboratory & NABL Accredited Testing Laboratory has conducted
Environmental Monitoring & Analysis with Environmental Institute and Gujarat Pollution Control Board
in Industrial Estates of Ankleshwar, Panoli & Jhagadia.Company is also doing Turnkey/Consulting
Projects for M/s. BASF (Detail Engineering for Effluent Treatment Plant) & M/s. Reva Proteins Ltd.
(Design of Effluent Treatment Plant, supply of mechanical items, Commissioning and operation of
Effluent Treatment Plant).
12.2 ABOUT US
Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. has registered office in one of the top five fastest growing
cities of India – Surat. We are one of the most trusted and reliable environmental engineering and
consultancy service providers. With complete hold in the related domain and proficiency, we execute
our work all over India as well as in Oman.
In addition to engineering consultancy, we also execute turnkey projects for effluent treatment plants
at the client's site.
Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd is:
One of the leading companies in the region providing high quality services in environmental
engineering and consulting to the best of client's satisfaction.
Posses a well - developed design office with Computer Center and Laboratory -cum- R&D Center to
carry out designing and analysis in the field of environmental engineering.
Recognized as Schedule-II Environmental Auditor under the Environment Audit Scheme proposed
by the Hon'ble High Court of Gujarat.
Listed with Gujarat Pollution Control Board as Consultants and proposing to get enlisted with GPCB
as Pollution Control Equipment Suppliers.
Going to become a member of Consulting Engineers Association of India.
M/S. AQUA – AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
403, CENTER POINT, NR. KADIWALASCHOOL,
RING ROAD, SURAT – 395002 (GUJ.) INDIA
TEL: +91 (261) 2460854/2461241
EMAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: WWW.AQUA-AIR.CO.IN
12-7
Having well-developed library to render services in the field of environmental auditing, consulting,
monitoring and analysis.
12.3 ACHIEVEMENTS
1. Registered under the companies Act on May 7, 2008.
2. Gujarat Pollution Control Board Recognized Schedule – II Environmental Auditor on Dec. 24,
2008. Gujarat Pollution Control Board Recognized Schedule – II Environmental Auditor on May
4, 2011. And last Certificate of Gujarat Pollution Control Board Recognized Schedule – II
Environmental Auditor is valid up to Dec. 31, 2020.
3. Certificate of ISO 9001:2008 received on May 4, 2010. Certificate of ISO 9001:2015 received on
Dec. 4, 2018 & Certificate is valid up to Dec. 3, 2021.
4. Import Export License received from Government of India on May 31, 2010.
5. Solvency Certificate of Rs. 1,40,00,000/- received from Bank of India, Gopipura branch, Surat on
Sept. 3, 2010.
6. Certificate of National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL)
received on Oct. 15, 2010. And last Certificate of NABL is valid up to May 27, 2020.
7. Certificate of Registration of Trade Mark, Section 23 (2), Rule 62 (1) from Trade Marks Registry,
Govt. of India on Jan. 18, 2011.
8. Certificate of Authorization as dealer in India received from Spectrum Technologies, Inc., USA
on May 1, 2011.
9. Gujarat Pollution Control Board Recognized Schedule – II Environmental Auditor on May 4,
2011.
10. Certificate of ISO 9001:2008 received on April 1, 2013 (Reassessment). And Certificate is valid
up to May 4, 2016.
11. Certificate of National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL)
received on June 05, 2013. (Reassessment). And Certificate of NABL is valid up to June 4, 2015.
12. Gujarat Pollution Control Board Recognized Schedule – II Environmental Auditor on January 4,
2014 (Reassessment). And Certificate of Gujarat Pollution Control Board Recognized Schedule –
II Environmental Auditor is valid up to January 17, 2017.
13. SMERA solar grading SMERA SP 2A.
M/S. AQUA – AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
403, CENTER POINT, NR. KADIWALASCHOOL,
RING ROAD, SURAT – 395002 (GUJ.) INDIA
TEL: +91 (261) 2460854/2461241
EMAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: WWW.AQUA-AIR.CO.IN
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14. Ministry of New and renewable Energy (MNRE) and Gujarat Energy Development Agency
(GEDA) Channel Partner for grid connected Roof Top division.
15. Got registered with Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSME) (UAN:
GJ22D0183036) on Dec. 5, 2017.
16. Got Certificate of ISO 9001:2015 ON Dec. 4, 2018 and valid up to Dec. 3, 2021.
17. Got Certificate of OHSAS 18001:2007 on March 16, 2019 and valid up to March 15, 2022.
18. M/s. Aqua-Air Environmental Engineers Pvt. Ltd. have already applied for NABET/QCI
Accreditation on March 11, 2020 along with Desktop Assessment – 1 (DA-1) fees covering 22
Sectors.
12.4 SERVICE PROVIDE
M/s. AQUA-AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD. offers following specialized services in
Environmental Engineering, Water Supply Engineering and Civil Engineering.
4.1 TURN KEY/BOOT/BOO PROJECTS
4.1.1 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
Detailed design Water Treatment Plants (WTPs)
Construction Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs)
Fabrication Recycling Plants (RPs)
Piping Zero Discharge Plants (ZDPs)
Electrification Incineration System Plants (ISPs)
Supply Hazardous waste Storage areas (HWSAs)
Erection Secured/ Sanitary Landfill Facilities
Testing and Commissioning of Effluent
Treatment Plants (ETPs)
Bio–Medical Waste (BMW) Treatment
Facilities on a turnkey or BOOT/BOO basis.
Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs)
4.1.2 CIVIL ENGINEERING
Construction of
Water Treatment Plan Elevated Service Reservoirs (ESRs)
Sewage Treatment plant Underground Reservoirs (UGRs)
Industrial Wastewater Treatment plant Sewage Pumping Stations, etc.
M/S. AQUA – AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
403, CENTER POINT, NR. KADIWALASCHOOL,
RING ROAD, SURAT – 395002 (GUJ.) INDIA
TEL: +91 (261) 2460854/2461241
EMAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: WWW.AQUA-AIR.CO.IN
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4.2 CONSULTING
4.2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
1. Complete study of the Pollution Problem in industries from wastes generation to disposal
and providing necessary technical knowledge like–
Know how including design Zero Discharge Plants (ZDPs)
Basic engineering, detailed engineering Recycling plants (RPs) for reuse of water upto
maximum extent Water Treatment Plants (WTPs)
Tender preparation for Effluent Treatment
Plants (ETPs) for industrial wastewater
Incineration System Plants (ISPs) for various
non-biodegradable or toxic industrial wastes
Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) for
residential wastewater
Design of Hazardous waste Storage area and
Secured/ Sanitary Landfill Facilities
Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) Design and Consultancy Services for Bio –
Medical Waste Treatment Facilities.
2. Water Supply Distribution System
Analysis Tender preparation
Design
3. Laboratory Analysis of
Ambient Air/Stack/Vent Industrial Waste Water
Water Soil
Sewage Industrial Sludge
4. Process Study
Reduce the pollution at source Reuse / Recycle effluent
5. Pollution Control Facility
Performance study of existing Suggesting scheme for the optimization of the
facility
6. Environment Management
Environmental Clearance from Environmental Impact Assessment Studies
(EIAs)
MoEFCC, New Delhi Short term (Rapid)
SEAC & SEIAA, Gandhinagar Long term (Comprehensive)
Environmental statements Environmental Auditing
M/S. AQUA – AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
403, CENTER POINT, NR. KADIWALASCHOOL,
RING ROAD, SURAT – 395002 (GUJ.) INDIA
TEL: +91 (261) 2460854/2461241
EMAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: WWW.AQUA-AIR.CO.IN
12-10
7. Statutory Requirements under Factory
Act
Safety Audit HAZOP study
On-site / Off-site Emergency Plan
8. For Various Energy Conservation
Schemes
Energy Audit Design
9. Environmental Management System
Preparing Adequacy Report Preparing Efficacy Report
10. Operation and Maintenance (O & M)
Effluent Treatment Plants (ETPs)
Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs)
Water Treatment Plants (WTPs)
Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs)
11. Air Monitoring
Ambient Air Stack
Vent
12. Pollution Control
Effluent Survey Feasibility Studies
Environmental review of Pollution control
equipment and systems
Laboratory bench scale Treatability studies
Pilot Plant studies, etc.
13. Consulting Service
Consent to Establish (CTE)/NOC Consolidated Consents & Authorization (CCA)
CTE for revised product mix Rule-9 Permission, etc.
14. As per requirements under Factory Act-1948 and Gujarat Factory Rules
Monitoring Filling up Form-37
Monitoring &Analysis of Work Area
Environment
M/S. AQUA – AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
403, CENTER POINT, NR. KADIWALASCHOOL,
RING ROAD, SURAT – 395002 (GUJ.) INDIA
TEL: +91 (261) 2460854/2461241
EMAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: WWW.AQUA-AIR.CO.IN
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15. Technical Consultation & assistance to ensure and assure compete Environ-Legal
compliance
Required permits from statutory bodies Clearance
Consents
M/S. AQUA – AIR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
403, CENTER POINT, NR. KADIWALASCHOOL,
RING ROAD, SURAT – 395002 (GUJ.) INDIA
TEL: +91 (261) 2460854/2461241
EMAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: WWW.AQUA-AIR.CO.IN
12-12
4.3 EQUIPMENT DESIGN/MFG. / SUPPLY/COMMISSIOIN
4.3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
1. Design, manufacture and supply of Pollution Control Equipment such as
Incinerators with scrubbers Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) units
Autoclaves Cyclone
Hydro-claves Scrubbers
Fixed Aerators Bag Filters, Flume extraction systems
Floating Aerators API separator
Submersible Aerators (EOLO2) Vacuum drum filter
Submersible Mixers (RIO or BRIO) Filter Press
Cascade Aerators Solid Bowl Centrifuge
Clarifier mechanisms Packaged sewage treatment plant
Agitators Filtration system
Clariflocculator Reverse Osmosis
Flocculator mechanism DM plant
Flash mixes Packaged water treatment plant
Oil skimmers
MBR
Reacting Vessel
MBBR