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MENGAPA PENTING KEPEMIMPINAN(MENJADI ORANG YANG TIDAK BIASA)

BERBAHAGIALAH ORANG YANGMEMILIKI PEMIMPIN YANG CERDAS

MURAH SENYUM; SUKA MENDENGAR;

PEDULI; EMPATI; BAHASA SANTUN;

BERSAHABAT; TAMPIL RAPI; POSITIFSENANG BELAJAR; PRESTASI SERTA SEHAT DAN TRAMPIL

Prof. Jalius Jama



LANDASAN KEPEMIMPINAN(Human Resources Dev. PROCESS)

COMPETENT

CONFIDENT

CONSISTENT

COMMITMENT

LEADERSHIP

CREDIBILITY

Skilled in

SpiritualEthicsIntellectualEmotionalSocial

Psychomotoric

Accomplished(Learning to be)

Prof. Jalius Jama

P

O

T

E

N

S

I



Prof. Jalius Jama

GENERALLY PASSIVE

C

H

I

L

D

A

D

U

L

T

DEPENDENT OF OTHERS

LIMITED REPERTOIRE OF WAYS

ATTENTION NOT LONG AND DEEP

TIME PERSPECTIVE IS VERY SHORT

CONSIDERED TO BE SUBORDINATE

NO HABITUAL SET OF ATTITUDE



CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD LEADER

Good leaders listen (mendengar)

Effective leaders are fair (jujur dan adil)

Effective leaders are goal oriented (Berorientasi

pada TUJUAN) Effective leaders direct actions of others

(Mengarahkan teman)

Good leaders know how to evaluate people and

programs (Mengevaluasi) Leaders are responsible for their own and group

(Bertanggungjawab)

Effective leaders are skilled (Ketrampilan hidup)



POTENSI MANUSIA

• Spiritual: Pengakuan, kedekatan dengan Tuhan, diawasi, dilindungi,keberanian, kejujuran, keikhlasan. Kerja bukanlah sekadar

mencari nafkah, tetapi pengabdian kepada sesama danibadah kepada tuhan

• Morality: Konsistensi terhadap nilai-nilai kebenaran, keadilan, dankebaikan. Tidak merugikan, mencelakakan orang lain,

jangan berdusta, tepati janji, jangan melanggar hukum,

bantulah mereka yang butuh, bersikaplah adil, usahakankebaikan bagi masyarakat.• Intellectual: Kompetensi, pola pikir logika, bahasa, penget.,

pengembangan diri dan kecerdasan• Emotional : Kepribadian, interpersonal, konsistensi, leadership,

simpati dan empati dan perilaku

• Social skill: Respek, peduli sesama, memberi makna pd kelompok sosial• Psychomotoric: Ketrampilan kinestetis, sehat fisik, gerakan,

manual, teknologi, informasi dan komputer

Competent



LANDASAN FILOSOFIS:Manusia – Belajar – Ilmu - Menjadi

• Pendidikan memanusiakan manusia; dari manusia yg

belum dewasa menjadi manusia yang mandiri• Bahwa manusia itu mempunyai “AKAL” yang harus diisi, maka

ia diperintahkan utk “BELAJAR” sepanjang hayat• “Sesungguhnya, bila kamu menginginkan kebahagiaan di dunia,

carilah ILMU, dan bila kamu menginginkan kebahagiaan diakhirat, carilah ILMU, dan bila kamu menginginkan keduanya,

carilah ILMU”• Orang yang berilmu (dan mengamalkan), akan ditinggikan

derajatnya.

• “BELAJAR MENJADI WAJIB HUKUMNYA dan IBADAH”



LIFE SKILLS: KECAKAPAN HIDUP

• BAHASA LISAN DAN TULIS• COMMUNICATION• PROBLEM SOLVING

• CRITICAL THINKNG• DECISION MAKING• CREATIVE THINKING• INTERPERSONAL SKILL

• BERNEGOSIASI• MENGEMBANGKAN KESADARAN DIRI• EMPHATY• MENGONTROL EMOSI



APAKAH KOMUNIKASI???

• KOMUNIKASI ADALAH:

BERBAGI = SALING = KESEPAKATAN

• INFORMASI – PERASAAN -PENGALAMAN - PENGERTIAN-

TANGGUNGJAWAB–KEBERSAMAAN-

SUKSES- GAGAL

• KEMAMPUAN MENDENGAR



(Prinsip 4) KERJA ADALAH AKTUALISASI DIRI

(Anda adalah seperti yang mampu anda wujudkan)• Kerja keras sesungguhnya adalah aktualisasi diri, setiap ilmu baru yang

anda peroleh, merupakan alat untuk menggali (to explore) potensi (ilmu)

selanjutnya yang lebih tinggi.• Tidak ada yang berat bila anda menemukan “makna”nya. Something has

no meaning, unless YOU put meaning on it.• Semuanya berubah, kecuali perubahan itu sendiri. Orang sering

mengatakan sulit untuk merubah sikapnya. Padahal kelebihan manusiadari makhluk lainnya adalah manusia mampu berubah.

• Kerjakanlah walau berat, anda akan menjadi lebih kuat. Bila andaberhasil, maka anda pasti siap melakukan sesuatu yang lebih berat.

• Dalam kehidupan selalu ada halangan & kesulitan, kerjakan.• Biasakan suka mengerjakan tugas yang setingkat lebih sulit• Bersikap positif terhadap tugas yang sulit, dan akan sehat

• Aktualisasi diri justru terwujud pada pekerjaan yang sulit• Banyak calon doktor yg tdk yakin bahwa dia juga bisa; kalau hanyabegitu, saya juga bisa. (=Berlatih intellectual skill)

• Potensi yg terbangkitkan akan menjadi modal baru untuk lebih kompeten;mampu pada tugas yang lebih sulit

• Orang sering lupa memanfaatkan potensi (sdm/sda) sekitar

• IKHLAS MERUPAKAN KUNCI BERAT RINGANNYA TUGAS



CURRICULUM VITAE

1. Nama: Prof. Dr. Jalius Jama, M. Ed.

2. Lahir: Bukittinggi, 5 Februari 19423. Pendidikan: SR (SD); SMP dan SMA Negeri 1 Bukittinggi

Sarjana Pendidikan Teknik Mesin: UGM dan IKIP Yogya

• Diploma:Technical Teacher,ManchesterUniversity-England

• Master of Education (M.Ed) Texas, USA

• Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, USA

• Pekerjaan: Dosen Pascasarjana UNP

• Pengaaman Organisasi:• Ketua OSIS SMAN 1 Bukittinggi

• Presiden PERMIAS(Perhimpunan Mhs Indonesia di AS1983/87)



MENGAPA PERLU KOMUNIKASI ???

• KOMUNIKASI MERUPAKAN SUMBER DARI

BERBAGAI PENYAKIT TETAPI SEBALIKNYA,

MENJADI OBAT BERBAGAI MACAM PENYAKIT

• MERUPAKAN CERMIN DARI POLA PIKIR; POLASIKAP DAN POLA PERILAKU SESEORANG

• MERUPAKAN WUJUD DARI AKTUALISASI DIRI

• KUNCI RAHASIA KEBERHASILAN SEORANG

KEPALA SEKOLAH

• HARUS DIPELAJARI DAN DIAMALKAN OLEH

KEPALA SEKOLAH

Prof. Jalius Jama



THE PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION (ROH)

MENDIDIK ADALAH:RAHMAT (Tulus & Syukur)

AMANAH (Tanggungjawab)

PANGGILAN (Integritas)

BEKERJA IKHLAS

AKTUALISASI DIRI

IBADAH

SENI

KEHORMATAN

PELAYANAN

ROH/PHIL



ABILITIES OF MANAGERS AND LEADERS

THINK: refers to the exercise of one’s mental faculties to form ideas; tosolve problems; to reach conclusions; to analyze and synthesize data;

and to reason. (cerdas dan trampil)

SOSIALIZE: refers to ability to find a meaningful, purposeful place in

society.

TRANSCEND: capabable of stepping beyond its immediate experience(mampu belajar dari pengalaman)

COMMUNICATE: not only to speak and be heard but also to listen,

comprehend, to exchange ideas among people

SELF-AWARNESS: Know ourselves strengths and weaknesses

VALUE: use criteria to produce decisions on the basis fordetermining the difference between right or wrong as well as goodand bad.



The Innovation as Decision Process

FIVE MAIN STEPS IN THE PROCESS:• Knowledge: when an individual is exposed to the

innovation and gain some understanding

• Persuasion: forms a favorable or unfavorable attitudetoward the innovation

• Decision: occurs when an individual engages in activitiesto a choice to adopt or reject the innovation

• Implementation: when individual put the innovation into

use• Confirmation: occurs when individual seeks for

reinforcement of an decision that has already been madeor he/she may reverse if exposed to conflictingmessages about the innovation.



MASALAH DAN ISSUE STRATEGIES

(2) KITA HIDUP DALAM ALAM YANG BERUBAH:(A) Otonomi Daerah/desentralisasi:

Kesiapan – Kemampuan – Komitmen(B) Globalisasi: Arus informasi, Politik,Ekonomi, Sosial, Budaya

(2) KEMAJUAN TEKNOLOGI

(3) Pergeseran nilai Masyarakat & Pengelola

(4) Komitmen: Sistem Nilai pd masyarakat moderen



ELEMENTS OF DIFFUSION

There is so much interest in the diffusion of innovations:because getting a new idea adopted, IS NOT EASYeven when it has obvious advantages,

• Diffusion is the process by which an innovation is

communicated through certain channels overtime among

members of a social system.

• Communication is a process in which participants create

and share information with one another in order to reacha mutual understanding.

• Communication is as two way process of convergence,

rather than as a one way



FOUR ELEMENTS IN THEDIFFUSION OF INNOVATIONS

• The Innovation is an idea, practice or object thatis perceived as new by an individual or other unit

of adoption. If the idea for the individual, it is an

innovation

• Communication as the process by whichparticipants create and share information with

one another in order to reach a mutual

understanding

• Time is a dimension of innovation decision

process passes from knowledge to adoption or

rejection

• A Social System is defined as a set of





(Carl Rogers, 1982)

Why there is so much interest in the diffusion of innovations is because getting a new idea adopted,

even when it has obvious advantages,

IS OFTEN VERY DIFFICULT

4. Diffusion is the process by which an innovation iscommunicated through certain channels overtimeamong members of a social system.

5. Communication is a process in which participantscreate and share information with one another inorder to reach a mutual understanding.

6. Communication is as two way process of

convergence, rather than as a one way



CHARACTERISTICS: RATE OFADOPTION

(1) Relative advantage is a degree to which an innovation is

perceived better than the idea supersedes

(2) Compatibility is a degree to which an innovation is perceived

as being consistent with the existing value, past experences

and needs of potential adopters

(3) Complexity is the degree to which an innovation is perceived

as difficult to understand and use

(4) Trialability is the degree to which an innovation may be

experimented with on limited basis. New ideas that can be

tried on the installment plan will generally be adopted more

quickly than those that are not divisible

(5) Observability is the degree to which the results of innovation

are visible to others. The easier it is for individuals to see the

results of innov., the more likely they to adopt.



ADOPTER CATEGORIES

(1) Innovators: Venturesome(2) Early adopters: Respectable

(3) Early moyority: Deliberate

(4) Late Majority: Skeptical(5) Laggards: Traditional

Opinion Leaders

Change Agent

Communiation




FIVE MAIN STEPS IN THE PROCESS:(2) Knowledge: when an individual is exposed to theinnovation and gain some understanding

(3) Persuasion: forms a favorable or unfavorable

attitude toward the innovation(4) Decision: occurs when an individual engages in

activities to a choice to adopt or reject the innovation

(5) Implementation: when individual put the innovation

into use(6) Confirmation: occurs when individual seeks for

reinforcement of an decision that has already beenmade or he/she may reverse if exposed to conflicting

messages about the innovation.



(Prinsip 1) KERJA ADALAH IBADAHPersembahan diri, penyerahan, kesadaran,

pengabdian dan sungguh-sungguh

• Ibadah adalah persembahan, pemasrahan & penyerahan diri

• Mulai dengan niat, maka timbul “the great power”. Anda akanmemperoleh pahala sebesar yang anda niatkan.

• Keberhasilan seorang diukur dari “proses”; bukan “outcome”,

karena “Outcome” hanyalah akibat dari sebuah proses.

• Kebaikan anda, sekecil apapun, akan dicatat sebagai pahala,dan akan dibalas, bisa dalam bentuk lain, pada waktu lain.

• Bantulah siapa saja, dlm bentuk apapun, sekecil apapun,

maka akan jadi ibadah anda kepada Tuhan, amal bagisesama. Itulah milik anda yg abadi. Menanam kebaikan didunia; anda akan menuai nanti di akhirat.



(Prinsip 2) KERJA ADALAH RAHMAT

BEKERJA TULUS PENUH SYUKUR• Apakah rahmat? Rahmat adalah kebaikan yg kita terima

tanpa syarat, tdk dikaitkan dgn prestasi dan kebaikan kita.• Rahmat adalah anugerah, berkah yang kita terima atas

“kasih” pemberi.• Kalau kita selalu baik dan menjadi rahmat bagi sesama,

maka kebaikan dan rahmat akan selalu bersama kita

• Tuhan yg Maha Rahman dan Maha Rahim sbg bentukkasih sayang

• Pada kejadian tertentu orang menamakan MUKJIZAT• Santunan kemanusiaan sbg Rahmat Umum: Berbahasa,

beriman, mengasihi,berhati nurani, berkesenian, kreatif,berpikir konsepsual, merasa dilindungi dan dipelihara• Karena Tuhan maha rahman dan rahim maka kita merasa

tenang dan mampu bekerja (sbg rahmat)• Ada orang yang tidak memahami/mengapresiasi rahmat,

dia acuh dan menganggap memang sudah begitu; tdkbersyukur



(Prinsip 3) MENDIDIK ADALAH AMANAH

Bekerja benar penuh tanggungjawab• Kerja adalah titipan berharga yang dipercayakan dan terikat

secara moral. Mhs tdk belajar hanya untuk sekadar lulus ujian.• Anak dan siswa anda adalah amanah yang dititipkan. Ilmu yang

anda miliki adalah amanah (titipan). Anda punya orang tuayang memberi amanah, dengan doa agar anda menjadi orangyang bermakna bagi umat.

• Anda sendiri adalah milik Sang Pencipta dan memiliki potensi,akal sebagai amanah: spiritual, intelektual: logika, kemampuanberpikir), berbahasa (verbal), berhitung, seni, emosional dankreativitas, yang dapat dikembangkan (yang juga amanah)untuk diabdikan kepada sesama makhluk Allah.

• Kita manusia dalam melaksanakan amanah harus melakukanyang terbaik, jujur, menjaga harkat dan martabat sebagaimakhluk yang dimuliakan.

• Manusia yang baik adalah manusia yang paling bermanfaatbagi orang lain.

• Kemampuan menggali dan mengembangkan potensi diri(belajar) adalah amanah.

Prof Jalius Jama



MENGAPA PENTING KEPEMIMPINAN ?

BISAKAH ANDA MENGINGAT KEMBALIMASA LALU TATKALA ANDA BARU

MENJADI PNS YUNIOR;

SUATU HARI ANDA HARUS MENGHADAPKEPALA DINAS

BAGAIMANAKAH PERASAAN ANDA ???

CEMAS BERCAMPUR GUGUP

TAKUT SALAH; TAKUT KENA MARAH???

NAH, YOU DON’T DO THAT NOW !!!

Prof. Jalius Jama




(1) The Innovation is an idea, practice or object that isperceived as new by an individual or other unit of

adoption. If the idea for the individual, it is an

innovation

(2) Communication as the process by which participantscreate and share information with one another in

order to reach a mutual understanding

(3) Time is a dimension of innovation decision process

passes from knowledge to adoption or rejection

(4) A Social System is defined as a set of interrelated

units that are engaged in joint problem solving to

accomplish a common goal.



ADOPTER CATEGORIES

(1) Innovators: VenturesomeOpinion Leaders

Change Agent

Communication(5) Early adopters: Respectable

(6) Early moyority: Deliberate

(7) Late Majority: Skeptical

(8) Laggards: Traditional



APAKAH KEPEMIMPINAN ???

• Definition: Leadership as a process of influencingthe activities of an organized group in its task of goal-setting and goal achievement

KEPEMIMPINAN ADALAH KEKUATAN (power)MEMPENGARUHI DIRI SENDIRI DAN ORANGLAIN/KELOMPOK UNTUK BEKERJASAMA SECARAIKHLAS DALAM UPAYA MENCAPAI TUJUANBERSAMA

• Ada dua strategi manajemen: REACTIVE MAINTENANCE

PROACTIVE DEVELOPMENTAL



MENGAPA KEPEMIMPINAN ???

BERBAHAGIALAH GURU YANG MEMILIKI

PEMIMPIN (KEPSEK) YANG PEDULI

PENDIDIKAN ADALAH MENCIPTAKAN SITUASI DAN KONDISI YANG BERSAHABAT HANGAT

MENYENANGKAN MENYENANGKAN= BAHAGIA MANUSIA = PUNYA PERASAAN

BAGAIMANA BILA ANDA JADI PEMIMPIN?



SEPULUH FAKTOR SEKOLAH EFEKTIF

SEKOLAH EFEKTIF

Kepemimpinan

Profesional

Kesamaan

Visi, Misi danTujuan

Pemberdayaan

Potensi siswa

Supervisi &

Monitoring Pemberdayaan

Potensi Guru

Pemberdayaan

Stakeholders

Komite SekolahDewan Pend.

Sumber

DanaDukungan

Pemda/DPR

Lingkungan

Internal/ekst.

Prof. Jalius Jama



FUNGSI DAN PERAN KEPALA SEKOLAH

MOTIVATOR ADMINISTRATOR

LEADER MANAJER

EDUCATOR SUPERVISOR KEPEMIMPINANKEP. SEKOLAH

INOVATOR

El f t f Eff ti S h l



Eleven factors for Effective Schools(Sammon et al, 1994)

• Professional leadership (Kepemimpinan Profesional)• Shared vision and goals (Berbagi visi dan Tujuan)

• A learning environment (Menciptakan Lingkungan)

• Concentration on teaching and learning

• Purposeful teaching• High expectations

• Positive reinforcement

• Monitoring progress

• Pupil rights and responsibilities• Home-school partnership

• A learning organization

El f f Eff



Eleven factors for Effective Organization(Sammon et al, 1994)

• Professional leadership• Shared vision and goals

• A learning environment

• Concentration on Tasks and People• High expectations

• Positive reinforcement

• Monitoring progress• Cooperative-Collaborative and partnership

• Friendship and warm environment



TENDENCIES OFMANAGERS AND LEADERS

• Leaders tend to be HUMAN RELATION-oriented and managers

tend to be TASK-oriented.

• Managers strive for order, but leaders tolerate ambiguty.

• Managers try to correct failures; leaders turn failures into

successes.

• Leaders inspire people, but managers depend on systems

•Managers attemp to adjust to change, but leaders attempt to

produce a change. Without change there can be no progress.

Prof. Jalius Jama

B L T E OF M N GER ND LE DER



ABILITIES OF MANAGERS AND LEADERSAS WELL AS SUPERVISORS

THINK: refers to the exercise of one’s mental faculties to

form ideas; to solve problems; to reach conclusions; toanalyze and synthesize data; and to reason. (cerdas dantrampil)

SOSIALIZE: refers to ability to find a meaningful, purposeful

place in society. TRANSCEND: capabable of stepping beyond its immediate

experience (mampu belajar dari pengalaman)

COMMUNICATE: not only to speak and be heard but also tolisten, comprehend, to exchange ideas among people

SELF-AWARNESS: Know ourselves strengths andweaknesses

VALUE: use criteria to produce decisions on the basis fordetermining the difference between right or wrong as

well as good and bad.



PENDIDIKAN SEBAGAI SISTEM

PENGELOLA

DAN GURUPROGRAM/

KURIKULUM

MANAJEMEN

STRATEGI

SARANA/

FASILITAS

INPUT/

SISWAOUTPUT/

LULUSAN

PROSES

PENDIDIKAN

Prof.Jalius Jama



APAKAH KONUNIKASI???

(1) Good leaders listen (mendengar)

(2) Effective leaders are fair (jujur dan adil)

(3) Effective leaders are goal oriented

(4) Effective leaders direct actions of others

(5) Good leaders know how to evaluate people

and programs

(6) Leaders are responsible for their own andgroup

(7) Effective leaders are skilled




Why there is so much interest in the diffusion of innovations is because getting a new idea adopted,

even when it has obvious advantages,

IS OFTEN VERY DIFFICULT

4. Diffusion is the process by which an innovation iscommunicated through certain channels overtimeamong members of a social system.

5. Communication is a process in which participants

create and share information with one another inorder to reach a mutual understanding.

6. Communication is as two way process of convergence, rather than as a one way

FOUR ELEMENTS IN THE




(1) The Innovation is an idea, practice or object that isperceived as new by an individual or other unit of

adoption. If the idea for the individual, it is an

innovation

(2) Communication as the process by which participantscreate and share information with one another in

order to reach a mutual understanding

(3) Time is a dimension of innovation decision process

passes from knowledge to adoption or rejection

(4) A Social System is defined as a set of interrelated

units that are engaged in joint problem solving to

accomplish a common goal.

CHARACTERISTICS: RATE OF



CHARACTERISTICS: RATE OFADOPTION

(1) Relative advantage is a degree to which an innovation is

perceived better than the idea supersedes

(2) Compatibility is a degree to which an innovation is perceived

as being consistent with the existing value, past experences

and needs of potential adopters

(3) Complexity is the degree to which an innovation is perceived

as difficult to understand and use

(4) Trialability is the degree to which an innovation may be

experimented with on limited basis. New ideas that can be

tried on the installment plan will generally be adopted morequickly than those that are not divisible

(5) Observability is the degree to which the results of innovation

are visible to others. The easier it is for individuals to see the

results of innov., the more likely they to adopt.



ADOPTER CATEGORIES

(1) Innovators: Venturesome(2) Early adopters: Respectable

(3) Early mayority: Deliberate

(4) Late Majority: Skeptical(5) Laggards: Traditional

Opinion Leaders

Change Agent

Communiation




FIVE MAIN STEPS IN THE PROCESS:(2) Knowledge: when an individual is exposed to theinnovation and gain some understanding

(3) Persuasion: forms a favorable or unfavorable

attitude toward the innovation(4) Decision: occurs when an individual engages in

activities to a choice to adopt or reject the innovation

(5) Implementation: when individual put the innovation

into use(6) Confirmation: occurs when individual seeks for

reinforcement of an decision that has already beenmade or he/she may reverse if exposed to conflicting

messages about the innovation.



THE PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION (ROH)

MENDIDIK ADALAH:RAHMAT (Tulus & Syukur)

AMANAH (Tanggungjawab)PANGGILAN (Integritas)

BEKERJA IKHLAS

AKTUALISASI DIRI

IBADAH

SENI

KEHORMATAN

PELAYANAN

ROH/PHIL



Metode Ilmiah/PENELITIAN

FENOMENA:ExperienceInformasi

FaktaData

Prosedur

To know

ILMU(konsep+prinsip)

ILMU vs PENGETAHUAN

PENGETAHUAN

(knowledge)

Konsepsualisasi(Pemahaman)



6 KRITERIA KEPEMIMPINAN

INTERNAL FACTORS

• INTELLECTUAL CAPACITY SELF SIGNIFICANCE

• VITALITY (DAYA TAHAN) TRAINING (PELATIHAN)

• EXPERIENCE REPUTATION

EXTERNAL FACTORS• ACCEPTABILITY

• TRACK RECORDS

KECERDASAN

• IQ

• EQ: self controll, patience, tekun, positive thinking

• SQ: rendah hati



TAKSONOMI TUJUAN

INSTRUKSIONAL

Bloom

PSIKOMOTOR

Afektif

Kognitif