PENYEBAB PENURUNAN KESADARANUntuk memudahkan mengingat dan menelusuri kemungkinan kemungkinan penyebab penurunankesadaran dengan istilah SEMENITE yaitu :S:SirkulasiMeliputi stroke dan penyakit jantungE:EnsefalitisDengan tetap mempertimbangkan adanya infeksi sistemik / sepsis yang mungkinmelatarbelakanginya atau muncul secara bersamaan.M:MetabolikMisalnya hiperglikemia, hipoglikemia, hipoksia, uremia, koma hepatikumE:ElektrolitMisalnya diare dan muntah yang berlebihan.N:NeoplasmaTumor otak baik primer maupun metastasisI:IntoksikasiIntoksikasi berbagai macam obat maupun bahan kimia dapat menyebabkan penurunankesadaranT:TraumaTerutama trauma kapitis : komusio, kontusio, perdarahan epidural, perdarahan subdural, dapatpula trauma abdomen dan dada.E:EpilepsiPasca serangan Grand Mall atau pada status epileptikus dapat menyebabkan penurunankesadaran.The major causes of unconsciousness:FISH SHAPEDFaint- a brief and temporary loss of consciousnessInfection- may produce a very high temperature leading to convulsions, especially in infantsShock- caused by a failure of the circulatory systemHeadinjuries- concussion the brain has been badly shakenCompression-due to a build up of pressure in the skullStroke- caused by an interruption of the blood supply to brain tissue resulting in oxygen deprivationand death of tissueHeartdisease- angina caused by a narrowing of the blood vessels which supply the heart muscle.Heart attack which occurs when the heart muscle is deprived of oxygen and death of tissueresultsAsphyxia- results in an inadequate supply of oxygen to the brain leading to unconsciousness andeventual deathPoisons- any substance that if taken into the body in sufficient quantity is capable of destroying life.They may be injected, inhaled, absorbed or ingestedEpilepsy- various types exist but they all involve some degree of electrical disturbance in the brainDiabetes- caused by the bodies failure to regulate the amount of sugar in the blood stream. Twoemergencies can occur hypoglycaemia or hyperglycaemia