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SEMINAR REPORT
ON
Laser Keyboard
Submitted to
Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University,
NAGPUR
In partial fulfilment of the requirement of
M. Sc.- I (Computer Science) Semester-I Examination
Submitted by
Pritam S. Bhansali
Under the Supervision of
Dr. S.R.Pande
Associate professor and Head
(Department of Computer science)
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
Shri Shivaji Education Society Amravatis
SCIENCE COLLEGECongress Nagar, Nagpur-12.
2012-2013
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INDEX
Serial number Topic Page No
1
1.2
Introduction tolaser concept
Introduction To Laser Keyboard
2
3
2 History of Laser Keyboard 43 Objective 5
4 working 65 Reasons to use laser keyboard 10
6 Feature of Laser keyboard 11
7 Advantages and disadvantages of
laser keyboard
12
8 Future scope and Implementation 13
9 Conclusion 14
10 References 15
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LASER KEYBOARD
1. Introduction1.1. Introduction to laser concept:
Laser is an acronym for Light Amplification by stimulatedemission of radiation. A laser generates energy in the form of light
which is in or close to the optical portion of the electromagnetic
spectrum.
The laser energy is amplified to extremely high intensity by an
atomic process called stimulated emission. The color of the laser is
defined by the laser wavelength.
Albert Einstein published the theoretical basis for the laser in 1917 but it
was only in 1960 that the first functioning laser was constructed by
Theodore Maiman in California, using a ruby crystal to produce laser
light.
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1.2 Introduction To Laser Keyboard
A laser keyboard is a form of computer input device whereby
the image of a virtual keyboard is projected onto a surface: when a user's
fingers are placed on the projected "keys", the device translates them into
keystrokes.
The laser concept is embedded in to keyboard to increase the
portability, compatibility of keyboards, to minimize size and cost ,etc.
The laser keyboard is not only based on laser concept but it also
includes other interesting concepts which are camera, infrared devices,
sensors, laser diodes,etc
These devices are can work like normal keyboards but these can
be more efficient as compare to conventional keyboards because due to
small and compact in size they can be carried to any palce and used.
Initially IBM has designed keyboards but was not proved as
successful product but now Celluon is a market leading company in the
field of laser keyboard , the brief history is given below.
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2. History of Laser Keyboard
An optical virtual keyboard was invented and
patented by IBM engineers in 1992. It optically detects and analyses
human hand and finger motions and interprets them as operations on a
physically non-existent input device like a surface having painted or
projected keys.
In 2002, the start-up company Canesta
developed a projection keyboard using their proprietary "electronic
perception technology".The company subsequently licensed the
technology to Celluon of Korea.
Then Celluon started for working on Laser
Keyboard and now they evolved this concept wonderfully.
They created a laser keyboard named Magic
Cube which we discussed as follows
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3. ObjectiveLaser keyboards is based on the
concept of laser light for minimizing cost, space, size,etc it not only
occupies very small place even it can be smaller than our palm of hands
but also they are very light in weight, in addition they can be connected
through Bluetooth with any device, easy to carry. It is very convenient to
use laser in libraries, offices, colleges, etc without disturbing other
folks.
There is no requirement to have a neat and
clean place for projecting this keyboard. It can be projected on any type
of place either it is plane, or it slanted, even on our palm.
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4. How does it work?
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Step 1: Template creation (Projection Module)
A template of the desired interface is projected onto the
adjacent interface surface. The template is produced by illuminating a
specially designed, highly efficient holographic optical element with a red
diode laser.
The Pattern Projector or optional printed image presents the
image of the keyboard of the system. This image can be projected on any
flat surface. The projected image is that of a standard QWERTY key-
board, with all the keys and control functions as in the keyboard
Step 2: Reference plane illumination
An infra-red plane of light is generated just above,
and parallel to, the interface surface. This light is invisible to the user and
hovers a few millimeters above the surface.
When the user touches a key position on the interface
surface light is reflected from this plane in the vicinity (from area of) of
the key and directed towards the sensor module. The Sensor chip in the
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sensor module determines where the infrared beam was broken.Detected
co-ordinates determine actions or characters to be generated.
Step 3 Infrared laser diode(Sensor Module)
The Sensor Module serves as the eyes of the
Keyboard Perception technology.
Reflected light from user interactions with the
interface surface is passed through an infra-red filter and imaged on to a
CMOS image sensor in the sensor module.Custom hardware embedded in
the sensor chip (the Virtual Interface Processing CoreTM) then makes a
real-time determination of the location of the reflected light from key.
The processing core can track multiple reflection events simultaneously
and can thus support both multiple keystrokes.
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5. Reasons to use laser keyboard
By professional :-
It takes up less space than a conventional keyboard. You can use it with your desktop, laptop or handheld computers. To make your notes, while business meetings. To compose a memo to employees, while travelling to work on the
train.
These laser keyboards are so handy that any one can get used toeasily with them
By students:-
To take notes while in class without disturbing other students andrespective teacher.
To collect notes while in library without a little bit of noice oftyping on conventional keyboards.
These devices are easy to use up to extent that even children canalso use them comfortably.
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6. Feature of Laser keyboard
1-Can do work in darkness
2-Wireless
3-Can work with any device which operates Bluetooth HID
4-Compact size keyboard
5-Allow the convenience full-size typing in tiny factor
6-rechargeable battery
7-Battery duration: Approximately 150 minutes, 700mAh built-in
rechargeable battery
8-Compatibility: iPhone 3GS/4, iPad (iOS4), Blackberry tablet,
Android 2.0 and higher, Windows Phone 7, Windows XP/Vista/7,
Mac OS
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7. Advantages and disadvantages of laser keyboard
7.1 Advantages
It can be projected on any surface or you can type in the plain air . Less noisy than conventional keyboards. It can be useful in places like operation theatres where low noise is
essential.
The typing does not require a lot of force. So easing the strain onwrists and hands.
High battery life The standard coin-sized lithium battery lasts abouteight months before needing to be replaced.
The Virtual Keyboard is not restricted to the QWERTY touch-typingparadigm, adjustments can be done to the software to fit other touch-
typing paradigms as well.
7.2 Disadvantages
Virtual keyboard is hard to get used to. Since it involves typing in thinair, it requires a little practice. Only people who are good at typing can
use a virtual keyboard efficiently.
It is very costly ranging from 150 to 200 dollars. So not everyone canbuy this product.
The room in which the projected keyboard is used should not be verybright so that the keyboard is properly visible.
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8. Future scope and Implementation
Laser keyboards can be embedded into ATMs. Laser keyboards can be used into space crafts as they are very lighter
and smaller.
They can be embedded into All-In-One desktop pcs, laptops, tablets. It can be embedded into digital lockers into banks, hostels, for
entering passwords and digital door lockers based on passwords.
It is also embedded into 5-pen pc technolog
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9. Conclusion
Laser Keyboard uses sensor technology, laser technology, infrared
technology and artificial intelligence to let users work on any
surface as if it were a keyboard. Projection key boards or laser key
boards claim to provide the convenience of compactness with the
advantages of a full-blown QWERTY keyboard.
These devices are made so lighter, smaller, and faster that they can
be embedded in any other electronic devices like mobile phones,tablets, robotics, workstations and in online reservation systems on
railway stations, airports,etc, they can also used ATMs and even
in the space craft also.
Laser Keyboard is designed for anyone who's become frustrated
with trying to put information into a handheld but doesn't want to
carry a notebook computer around.
Thus keyboards will make typing easier, faster, and almost a
pleasure.
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10. References:
1. worldanaesthesia.com2. www.wikipedia.org/3. Celluon's Virtual Keyboard-Laser projected full-sized virtual
keyboard-Technology.mht
4. www.totw.anaesthesiogists.org5. http://www.laserfest.org/