Download - Estimasi Nasional Infeksi HIV Pada Orang Dewasa Indonesia Tahun 2002

7/23/2019 Estimasi Nasional Infeksi HIV Pada Orang Dewasa Indonesia Tahun 2002

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Li{fqim cb jhi~ im b s~hdish {f{rlish qizim ~ b qhm`bcsh GHP

Bs~ hdish MishfmilHm`bcsh GHP {ini Fqimj

Nbzisi Hmnfmbshiigrm 1;;1

NB[IQ^BDBM CB_BGIÎM QB[RALHC HMNFMB_HI

NHQBC^FQI E BMNBQIL [BDABQIMÎ_IM [BMXICH DBMRLIQ

NIM [BMXBGIÎM LHMJCRMJIM

1;;?

090-8:8 1

Hmn

b


2/54

090-8:8 1

Hmn

b

Oi~ilfj Nilid ^bqah~im- Nb{iq~bdbm Cbsbgi~im QH

Hmnfmbshi- Nb{iq~bdbm Cbsbgi~im- Nhqbc~fqi~ Ebmnbqil[bdabqim~isim [bmxich~ Dbmrliq nim [bmxbgi~im

Lhmjcrmjim-

Bs~hdish Mishfmil Hm`bcsh GHP {ini fqimj nbzisi

Hmnfmbshi 1;;1- $$Eiciq~i - Nb{iq~bdbm Cbsbgi~im

1;;?

H- Ernrl 9- GHP HM@BO^HFM_


3/54

Bs~hdish Mishfmil

Hm`bcsh GHP {ini FqimjNb zisi Hmnfmb shi

^igrm 1;;1

Li{ fqi m Cb jhi~ im Bs~ hdish [f{rlish Qizim b qhm`bcsh GHP

Nb {iq~ b db m Cb sbgi~im Qb {ralhc Hmnfm b shi

Nhqb c~fqi~ E b mnb qi l [b dab qim~isim [bmxich~ Db mrliq

Nim [bmxb gi~im Lhmjcrmjim

1;;?

A

IC

^H G R _

INI


4/54

Nid{ic arqrc phqrs IHN_ ~b~i{ dbmjjrjig cbsiniqim ch~i rm~rc dblicrcim {bmobjigim

{bmrliqim ximj lbahg absiq- Aimxic {blieiqim ximj ~blig nh{bqflbg rm~rc dblicrcim {bmobjigim ximj

b`bc~h`, ~b~i{h ch~i dishg dbmjgini{h aimxic cbsrlh~im rm~rc dblicrcim hm~bqpbmsh ximj ~bqiqig- _blidi

hmh Nb{cbs QH sboiqi qr~hm dblicrcim sbqfsrqpbh GHP ~bqr~idi nh~rercim {ini sra {f{rlish abqhshcf

~hmjjh- Icim ~b~i{h gishl sbqfsrqpbh hmh ~hnic ni{i~ dbmobqdhmcim absiqmxi disilig GHP nh disxiqici~-

_blihm h~r, ababqi{i sra {f{rlish ~bq~bm~r simji~ srlh~ nheimjcir nim dishg inimxi s~hjdi nh disxiqici~

~bm~imj GHPIHN_ dbmxbaiacim aimxicmxi cisrs ximj ~hnic drmjchm ~bqgh~rmj- Gil lihm inilig sra

{f{rlish abq{bqhlicr qhshcf ~hmjjh ~hnic drmjchm nhsbmsrs sboiqi cbsblrqrgim-

Dbmxiniqh gil$gil nh i~is, silig si~r oiqi dbmni{i~cim hm`fqdish ximj ni{i~ nhlicrcim inilig

dblicrcim bs~hdish nbmjim dbdimìi~cim abqaijih srdabq ni~i ximj ini nim dbmjfligmxi- Dici

{ini ~igrm 1;;1 nhlicrcim sri~r Bs~hdish Mishfmil Hm`bcsh GHP {ini Fqimj Nbzisi Hmnfmbshi-

[blicsimiim bs~hdish hmh dbqr{icim sri~r limjcig dier nhdimi ch~i ni{i~ dbd{bqchqicim absiqmxi

abaim disilig ximj icim nhgini{h nh disi dbmni~imj- Gishl bs~hdish ni{i~ nhdimìi~cim rm~rc

{bmjbdaimjim cbaheicim nim {qfjqid {bmimjjrlimjim GHPIHN_ sblimer~mxi-

Cidh dbmxid{ihcim {bmjgiqjiim ximj sb~hmjjh$~hmjjhmxi {ini sbjbmi{ {hgic aihc sboiqi

{bqfqimjim dir{rm sboiqi cblbdaijiim, ximj ~blig abq{iq~hsh{ish {ini {blicsimiim [bq~bdrim

Bs~hdish ~bqsbar~, {bmxrsrmim, {bmxbd{rqmiim nim {bmbqah~im arcr hmh- ^bqlbahg lijh {blicsimiim

bs~hdish hmh dbqr{icim Jlfail A bs ~ [qi o~ hob - Db~fnb {blicsimiim bs~hdish hmh ~blig nheinhcim ofm~fg

flbg ababqi{i mbjiqi-

_bdfji Bs~hdish Mishfmil Hm`bcsh GHP {ini Fqimj Nbzisi Hmnfmbshi 1;;1 hmh abqdimìi~ aijh

sblrqrg {bdaioi ~bqr~idi aijh hms~h~rsh$hms~h~rsh ximj abqgrarmjim nilid {bmimjjrlimjim GHPIHN_-

Eiciq~i, ?9 Diqb~ 1;;?

Dbm~bqh Cbsbgi~im

Nq- Iogdin _rernh

CIÎ [BMJIMÎQ


5/54

NI@^IQ H_H

9- LI IQ ABLICIMJ 9

1- [QF_B_ ??- DB^FNB 2

Db~fnflfjh Rdrd

[bdhlhgim Cblfd{fc bq{i{iq

>- [BMXILIGJRMIIM MI[UI _RM^HC :

Cbmi{i Cblfd{fc Hmh bq{hlhg6

_rdabq Ni~i

Db~fnb Bs~hdish HNR 9 5 Drl~h{lhbq$mxi Dbmjjrmicim Mi{ui ^bqni`~iq

Db~fnb Bs~hdish HNR 1 5 Bs~hdish Abqnisiqcim [ini Nhs~qharsh [bmnrnrc

Db~fnb Bs~hdish HNR ? 5 Drl~h{lhbq Dbmjjrmicim Ni~i ^imjci{im Mi{uiBs~hdish [ini Lbdaiqim Cbqei [qfjqid Bwobl

Cblbdigim

Bs~hdish [qbpilbms GHP

2- [I_IMJIM [BMXILIGJRMI MI[UI _RM^HC

XIMJ HNIC DBMJJRMICIM MI[UI _RM^HC 9?


_rdabq Ni~i, Db~fnb nim Cb~bqai~isim


0- ZIMH I [BME IE I _BC_ 92


_rdabq Ni~i

Db~fnb Bs~hdish [bmeiei _bcs

:- [BLIMJJIM ZIMH I [BME IE I _BC_ 98


_rdabq Ni~i

[blimjjim Zimh~i [bmeril _bcs, Db~fnb Bs~hdish

CblbdigimBs~hdish [qbpilbms GHP


6/54

7- [I_IMJIM ^B^I[ [BLIMJJIM

NIQH ZIMH I [BME IE I _BC_ 1?


_rdabq Ni~i

[isimjim ^b~i{ [blimjjim 5 Db~fnb Bs~hdish


8- ZIQHI 12


_rdabq Ni~i

Db~fnb Bs~hdish Ziqhi 9 5 [bdb~iim nim [bmni`~iqim

Db~fnb Bs~hdish Ziqhi 1 5 Nhgh~rmj Abqnisiqcim Ni~i [blimjjim

Bs~hdish Ziqhi nh Lbdaiq Cbqei Bs~hdish Mishfmil

Cblbdigim


9;- [BLIMJJIM [QHI NIQH ZIQHI [BME IE I _BC_ 18


_rdabq Ni~i

Db~fnb Bs~hdish [blimjjim Ziqhi 9 5 Abqisil Niqh Bs~hdish Ziqhi

Db~fnb Bs~hdish [blimjjim Ziqhi 1 5 Abqisil Niqh Ni~i __[

Cblbdigim


99- [I_IMJIM ^B^I[ ZIQHI ?9


_rdabq Ni~i

[isimjim ^b~i{ Ziqhi, Db~fnb Bs~hdish

Cblbdigim


91- [QHI [BME IE I _BC_ '[[_( ??


_rdabq Ni~i

[[_ 5 Db~fnb Bs~hdish

Cblbdigim

Bs~hdish {qbpilbmsh GHP


7/54

9?- [I_IMJIM ZIMH I NIQH [[_ ?2


_rdabq Ni~i[isimjim Zimh~i niqh [[_ 5 Db~fnb Bs~hdish

Cblbdigim

Bs~hdish [qbpilbmsh GHP

9>- CBLFD[FC LIHM NIQH [QHI

ABQGRARMJIM _BC_ NBMJIM [QHI ?:


_rdabq Ni~i

Db~fnb Bs~hdish D_D


92- MIQI[HNIMI >9


_rdabq Ni~i

Miqi{hnimi 5 Db~fnb Bs~hdish

Cblbdigim


90- IMIC E ILIMIM >?


_rdabq Ni~i

Imic Eilimim 5 Db~fnb Bs~hdish

Cblbdigim


9:- GI_HL >2


8/54

Ghmjji ~igrm 9877, sbdri ni~i

srqpbhlims GHP nh Hmnfmbshi dbmjhmnhcishcim

aigzi {qbpilbms GHP dishg simji~ qbmnig-Nq- Eidbs Oghm {bqmig dbdari~ bs~hdish

{qbpilbms GHP nh Hmnfmbshi ~igrm 988: i~is

{qfxbc R_IHN abqnisiqcim ni~i GHPIHN_

ximj ~bqsbnhi sbeic ~igrm 9877- Erdlig fqimj

nbmjim GHP gishl bs~hdish ~bqsbar~ sbabsiq

im~iqi 1;-;;; 2;-;;;- _blidi ~igrm 988?

988>, Nq- Lhmmim, sbfqimj cfmsrl~im niqh

R_IHN, dbdari~ bs ~ hdish nbmjim

dbmjjrmicim dfnbl HZJIHN_ abqnisiqcimni~i ~igrm 988>- _b~blig nhscrsh ximj {imeimj

nbmjim {iqi iglh, ~hd dbdari~ ~hji scbmiqhf

~bm~imj bs~hdish erdlig GHP nh Hmnfmbshi

ghmjji ~igrm 1;;;- Ximj {bq~idi inilig

bs~hdish scbmiqhf qbmnig- [ini ci~bjfqh hmh,

erdlig {bmjhni{ GHP sbabsiq 1;-;;; 2;-;;;-

Ximj cbnri inilig bs~hdish sobmiqhf sbnimj

nhdimi nh{bqoixi ini sbaimxic ?;;-;;;

LI^IQ ABLICIMJ

9Qb{fq~ fm ~gb _^H, GHP imn IHN_ b{hnbdhflfjx imn Ofmsbmsrs fm GHP Oisb Bs~hdi~hfm f` Hmnfmbshi hm ~gb Xbiq 1;;9- Nb{iq~bdbm

Cbsbgi~im, Nh~ebm [1D [L, Eiciq~i, 1;;1-

2;;-;;; cisrs GHP- _bnimjcim ximj cb~hji

inilig bs~hdish scbmiqhf ~hmjjh nbmjim erdlig

bs~hdish sbabsiq 1 1,2 er~i {bmjhni{ GHP-

RMIHN_ZGF cbdrnhim dbmjbdaimjcim

bs~hdish {qbpilbms GHPsbabsiq 10-;;; ghmjji

icghq 9887- Flbg ciqbmi cb~bqai~isim ni~i

ghmjji ~igrm 9888, erdlig nh i~is nh{bqchqicim

dbmeinh 1 cilh {ini icghq ~igrm 1;;;- Bs~hdish

hmh ~blig nhsb~rerh flbg Nb{iq~bdbm Cbsbgi~im

QH ximj cbdrnhim nh{ralhcishcim {ini Ermh

1;;; nh Li{fqim Jlfail IHN_- [ini ~igrm

1;;9, Nb{iq~bdbm Cbsbgi~im nhaim~r flbg

ZGF dblicrcim bs~hdish rlimj- Gishl bs~hdish

~bqsbar~ dbmrmerccim ~f~il erdlig bs~hdish

fqimj nbmjim GHPIHN_ sbabsiq 7;-;;;

91;-;;;- Imjci hmh nh{bqflbg niqh erdlig

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc sbabsiq 01-2;;

fqimj, Z[_ nim {blimjjimmxi sbabsiq ?;-;;;

fqimj nim {f{rlish rdrd 'im~iqi 92 >8

~igrm( sbabsiq 99-21; fqimj-9

9Li~iq Ablicimj


9/54

Rm~rc dbd{bqflbg gishl bs~hdish

~bqsbar~, dici nhlicrcim ababqi{i {bq~bdrim

ximj db da igis {b lic simii m bs ~h dish -

[bq~bdrim {bqshi{im {bq~idi nhlicrcim {ini

~imjjil 98 Ijrs~rs 1;;1- [bq~bdrim hmh

dbdahoiqicim {bqshi{im [bq~bdrim ^bcmhs

Bs~hdish [f{rlish Qizim ^bq~rliq GHP nhHmnfmbshi ~igrm 1;;1- [ini {bq~bdrim hmh

nhginhqh niqh abqaijih hms~h~rsh xih~r imjjf~i [fcei

_rqpbhlims 'lhgi~ lid{hqim 9(- [bq~bdrim {bqshi{im

cbnri nhlicsimicim {ini ~imjjil1: 17 Ijrs~rs

1;;1 nh Gf~bl Ioiohi- Nilid {bq~bdrim hmh

sb~hi{ {bsbq~i dbdaizi ni~i izil- Nilid

{blicsimiim {bq~bdrim ~bqsbar~ {bsbq~i nhaijh

d b m ein h a b a b q i{ i c b l f d { f c xim j

dbmnhscrshcim db~fnb {blicsimiim bs~hdishdbmrqr~ sra {f{rlish qizim GHP- [bsbq~i

{bq~bdrim abqisil niqh abqaijih sbc~fq aihc

{bdbqhm~igim dir{rm L_D 'lhgi~ Lid{hqim 1(-

[ini {bq~bdrim _rqpbhlims GHP rm~rc Cb{ili

_ranhm [1 Nhmis Cbsbgi~im [qf{hmsh sb$

Hmnfmbshi {ini ~imjjil 1 2 _b{~bdabq 1;;1

nh Aimnrmj nim [bq~bdrim C[I nim C[IN sb$

Hmnfmbshi nh Eiciq~i nhshsh{cim Di~bqh Bs~hdish-

[ini cbsbd{i~im h~r gishl nhscrsh {ini

{bq~bdrim bs~hdish cbnri nh{qbsbm~ishcim-

[QF_B_

?[qfsbs

_bdri {bsbq~i {ini cbnri {bq~bdrim nh i~is

nhdhm~icim rm~rc dbdabqhcim rsrlim nim

disrcim jrmi cbsbd{rqmiim db~fnb nim gishl

bs~hdish-

[bq~bdrim {bqshi{im bs~hdish cb~hji nhlicrcim

{ini 99 _b{~bdabq 1;;1 nh Nh~ebm [[D & [L

jrmi {bdr~ighqim ni~i nilid qimjci {bqshi{im

Lfciciqxi Bs~hdish Erdlig [f{rlish Qizim

GHP nh Hmnfmbshi ~igrm 1;;1- [ini {bq~bdrim

hmh nhhcr~h {bsbq~i sbaijihdimi ~bqlid{hq nilid

Lid{hqim ?- _blimer~mxi {ini ~imjjil 9? 9>

_b{~bdabq 1;;1 nhlicrcim Lfciciqxi Bs~hdish

Erdlig [f{rlish Qizim GHP nh Hmnfmbshi ~igrm

1;;1 nh Gf~bl Ardh Zhxi~i- [bq~bdrim hmh

nhginhqh flbg {bsbq~i niqh nilid mbjbqh erji

ababqi{i iglh hm~bqmishfmil sbaijih `ishlh~i~fq

niqh ZGF _biqf, RMIHN Jbmbpi, RM ^gbdb

Jqfr{, RMHOB@, RM@[I, R_IHN, IrsIHN nim

Bis~$Zbs~ Obm~qb Gizih 'Ni`~iq {bsbq~i lhgi~

Lid{hqim >(- [ini {bq~bdrim hmh nhgishlcim

bs~hdish erdlig {f{rlish qizim GHP ximj lbahg

icrqi~ nim inimxi cbsb{ici~im erdlig

{bmnrnrc qizim GHP ximj icim dbmeinh

disrcim {ini {bmxrsrmim cbaheicsimiim

{bmimjjrlimjim GHPIHN_ nh ~hmjci~ Mishfmil-


10/54

DB^FNB

Db ~fnflfjh rdrd

Hmnfmbshi ximj ~bqnhqh niqh lbahg 9?-;;;

{rlir dbd{rmxih aimxic ini~ hs~hini~ nimcbahisiim ximj abqabni- Nh ababqi{i nibqig

{bqhlicr sbcsril nim cfmsrdsh fai~ abqaigixi

nh{bmjiqrgh flbg crl~rq, bcfmfdh, ijidi nim

lb~ic jbfjqi`hs- Gil hmh abq{bmjiqrg {rli cb{ini

b{hnbdh GHP ximj dbmxbaiq nh sblrqrg

cizisim- _blihm h~r, Hmnfmbshi sbnimj

dblicsimicim {qfsbs nbsbm~qilhsish nhdimi

nibqig dbmjidahl cb{r~rsim sbmnhqh nh nilid

{bliximim cbsbgi~im ~bqdisrc {bmimjjrlimjimGHPIHN_- _bghmjji {bqlr nhlicrcim bs~hdish

ximj nhcbdaimjcim sbmnhqh flbg {qf{hmsh-

Rm~rc dbd{bqchqicim absiqmxi disilig GHP

nh sri~r nibqig, {bqlr inimxi sri~r db~fnb

bs~hdish ximj ni{i~ dbmjjidaiqcim sh~rish

s{bsh`hc nibqig ~bqsbar~- _bghmjji mim~hmxi

icim nh{bqflbg sri~r bs~hdish nh ~hmjci~ mishfmil

ximj erji dbmjjidaiqcim s~qrc~rq disxiqici~

mbjiqi ~bqsbar~- Ni~i nh nilid li{fqim hmh inilig

cblfd{fc$cblfd{fc ximj abqhshcf ~bq~rliq GHP

ximj dbmeinh cblfd{fc ximj icim nhbs~hdish

nh ~hmjci~ {qf{hmsh nim ~hmjci~ mishfmil- Rm~rc

cb{bqlrim bs~hdish GHP {ini cbsbd{i~im hmh,~blig nhjrmicim ni~i sbmsrs 1;;; {bq {qf{hmsh

aihc {bmnrnrc nbsi dir{rm cf~i nbmjim

cblfd{fc rdrq im~iqi 92 >8 ~igrm-

[blicsimiim bs~hdish hmh dbd{bqgi~hcim lier

{bq~rdargim nim s~qrc~rq {bmnrnrc-

Absiqmxi cblfd{fc$cblfd{fc ximj {f~bmshil

~bq{i{iq GHP icim nhbs~hdishcim sboiqi

~bq{hsig rm~rc sb~hi{ {qf{hmsh, nbmjim

dbd{bqgi~hcim cfd{fshsh ebmhs cblidhm rm~rc

sb~hi{ ci~bjfqh {i{iqim 'bw{fsrqb(- _b~hi{

cblfd{fc {bqlr nh{bqgi~hcim i{icig cblfd{fc

~bqsbar~ ~bqdisrc ximj abqbshcf ~hmjjh i~ir

abqbshcf qbmnig- Rm~rc dbmjb~igrh gil ~bqsbar~

ch~i jrmicim ni~i ximj ~bqsbnhi sb{bq~h ni~i

niqh gishl srqpbhlims GHP i~ir gishl s~rnh ximj

~blig nhlicrcim- Nbmjim nbdhchim ini > ebmhs

cfdahmish ximj ni{i~ nhshd{rlcim nilid

dblicrcim bs~hdish hmh xih~r 5

2Db~fnb


11/54

Bs~hdish {f{rlish

qbmnig W bs~hdish{qbpilbms GHP ~hmjjh

Bs~hdish {f{rlish

~hmjjh W bs~hdish{qbpilbms GHP qbmnig

Bs~hdish {f{rlish

~hmjjh W bs~hdish{qbpilbms GHP ~hmjjh

Bs~ hd i s h 1 Bs~ hd i sh ? Bs~ hd i sh >

Bs~hdish {f{rlish

qbmnig W bs~hdish{qbpilbms GHP qbmnig

B s ~ hd i s h 9

0 Db~fnb

I{iahli ~blig nhlicrcim {bqgh~rmjim,

{qbpilbms GHP ximj nhbs~hdishcim rm~rc sb~hi{

{qf{hmsh cbdrnhim nhdisrccim cb lbdaiqim

cbqei {qfjqid Bwobl- _bghmjji ni{i~ nhgh~rmj

bs~hdish {qbpilbms GHP sboiqi mishfmil nbmjim

dbmerdligcim imjci gishl sb~hi{ {bqgh~rmjimniqh sbdri {qf{hmsh- Nbmjim nbdhchim, mhlih

qi~i$qi~i niqh cbbd{i~ bs~hdish ~bqsbar~ ni{i~

ch~i {bqflbg rm~rc sb~hi{ cblfd{fc {f{rlish-

Cbdrnhim rm~rc sb~hi{ {qf{hmsh, erdlig fqimj

ximj ghnr{ nbmjim GHP {ini sb~hi{ ci~bjfqh

~bq{i{iq ni{i~ nhgh~rmj- _bghmjji bs~hdish

mishfmil ni{i~ nherdligcim niqh imjci bs~hdish

niqh sb~hi{ {qf{hmsh-

[bdhlhgim Cblfd{fc^bq{i{iq

Ofm~fg bs~hdish hm`bcsh GHP nh i~is

gimxi dbmjgh~rmj zimh~i {bmeiei sbcs,

{blimjjim dbqbci nim {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui

srm~hc sbaijih {f{rlish cgrsrs ximj nhimjji{

{f~bmshil ~bq{i{iq GHP- Icim ~b~i{h

ZG FRMIHN_ ~b lig dbdari~ bs ~hdish

~bqgini{ {ishbm HD_ 'Hm`bcsh Dbmrliq _bcsril(-

Nilid nhscrsh im~iqi ababqi{i hms~imsh

{bdbqhm~ig nbmjim ababqi{i L_D nh shmh nh

Hmnfmbshi, ni{i~ nhsiniqh aigzi `ic~fq

cbabqijidim {bmnrnrc Hmnfmbshi ni{i~

dbdari~ abqaijih dioid sra {f{rlish ~bq{i{iq

~bgini{ GHP dblilrh {bqhlicr abqhshcf dbqbci-

_bghmjji, nh{r~rscim rm~rc dbdabnicim

bs~hdish rm~rc sb~hi{ cblfd{fc abqhcr~ 5

[bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc

[isimjim {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc ximj

~hnic dbmjjrmicim mi{ui srm~hc

Zimh~i {bmeiei sbcs

[blimjjim zimh~i {bmeiei sbcs

Hs~qh niqh {blimjjim zimh~i {bmeiei sbcs

[qhi {bmeiei sbcs [ioiq ~b~i{ zimh~i niqh {qhi {bmeiei sbcs

Ziqhi

[blimjjim ziqhi

[isimjim ~b~i{ {qhi niqh ziqhi

[qhi abqgrarmjim sbcs nbmjim {qhi

Miqi{hnimi

Imic eilimim

Ni{i~ nhlhgi~ nbmjim eblis aigzi cblfd{fc

~bq{i{iq eirg lbahg absiq niqh ofm~fg bs~hdish

sbablrd ~igrm 1;;1- Cb{r~rsim rm~rc

dbdisrccim sbdri cblfd{fc nh i~is arcim

gimxi ciqbmi cb~bqsbnhiim ni~i, ~b~i{h erji

ciqbmi cbhmjhmim rm~rc dbmni{i~ {bqgi~him

ximj lbahg absiq ~bqgini{ {bmxbaiqim GHP nh

Hmnfmbshi- _bghmjji nhgiqi{cim nbmjim

dbdhlig$dhlig sbdri ci~bjfqh {i{iqim

'bw{fsrqb(, {iqi {bmjidahl cb{r~rsim nh ~hmjci~

{qf{hmsh dir{rm nh ~hmjci~ {rsi~ icim dbmeinh

lbahg siniq icim b{hnbdh GHP ximj arcim

sbai~is {ini cblfd{fc$cblfd{fc abqhshcf

~hmjjh siei-

Rm~rc sblimer~mxi, li{fqim hmh icim dbmebliscim

{qfsbs bs~hdish rm~rc sb~hi{ ci~bjfqh {i{iqim-

Dicilig hmh erji icim dbmoi~i~ ababqi{i ar~hq$

ar~hq rdrd db~fnflfjh nim cb~bqai~isim

bs~hdish-


12/54

Cbmi{i Cblfd{fc Hmh^b q{ hlhg 6

[bmxiligjrmiim mi{ui srm~hc dbmeinh

`bmfdbmi ximj abqcbdaimj arcim gimxi nh

cf~i$cf~i absiq siei ~b~i{h erji nh {bnbsiim nh

Hmnfmbshi- [qbpilbms GHP nh im~iqi

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc ~blig nhoi~i~ {ini

~hmjci~ ximj simji~ ~hmjjh nh Eiciq~i, Eizi Aiqi~,Eizi hdrq nim Ailh- Nhxichmh aigzi cblfd{fc

hmh simji~ dbd{bmjiqrgh b{hnbdh GHP nh

Hmnfmbshi-

Ini nri db~fnb ximj nhjrmicim rm~rc

dbmjbs~hdish erdlig {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui {bq

{qf{hmsh nim si~r db~fnb lihm nhjrmicim {ini

~hmjci~ mi~hfmil rm~rc dbmjcfm`hqdishcim

absiqmxi disilig {ini cbnri db~fnb nh i~is-

_rdab q Ni~ iDb~fnb bs~hdish ximj nhjrmicim

nhsbsrihcim nbmjim ni~i ximj ~bqsbnhi- Midrm

nbdhchim sboiqi rdrd srdabq ni~i abqisil

niqh 5

Ni~i {bmxiligjrmi fai~ {bq {qf{hmsh, 1;;1

niqh Nb{iq~bdbm _fshil

Ni~i miqi{hnimi ximj abqgrarmjim nbmjim

mi{ui niqh Nb{iq~dbm Gimcid

Ni~i {bmxh~iim nim ~imjci{im fai~ niqh

Ainim Miqcfai Mishfmil 'AMM(

[bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc :

[BMXILIGJRMIMI[UI _RM HC

Ni~i {bmjfai~im {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui nh

Eiciq~i niqh AMM

Ni~i erdlig crmermjim, {ishbm ximj

nhfai~h, {qf{fqsh {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui,

erdlig ximj cidarg 'cbaimxicim niqh

Q_CF Eiciq~i(

Ni~i {rsi~ {bmjfai~im cb~bqjim~rmjim

mi{ui nim {bqhlicr sbcsril niqh Xixisim

Gi~hgi~h, Afjfq N i~ i s rq pb hl im s { bq hl ic r ~ bq gini{

{bmoiqhim {bmjfai~im {iqi {bmxiligjrmi

mi{ui nh Eiciq~i-

Ni~i srqpbhlims GHP niqh Nb{iq~dbm

Cbsbgi~im

Db~fnb Bs~ hdish HNR 95

Drl~h{lhb q$mxi[bmxi ligjrmi Mi{ui^bqni`~iq

Nb{sfs ~blig dblicrcim {bmni~iim

~bqgini{ {iqi {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui nh ~hmjci~

Ciar{i~bmCf~i, sbghmjji nh{bqflbg erdlig

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui {ini ~hmjci~ {qf{hmsh nim

mishfmil- Icim ~b~i{h ni~i ~bqsbar~ nhxichmh

~hnic lbmjci{ nim ~hnic dbdabnicim im~iqi

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc nbmjim ximj ~hnic


13/54

7 [bmxiligjrmi m i{ui srm~ hc

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc- Zilir{rm nbdhchim

ni~i hmh dbdabqh jidaiqim ~bqgini{ absiqmxi

disilig mi{ui {ini ~hi{ {qf{hmsh-

Rm~rc cb{bqlrim bs~hdish hmh, nh{r~rscim ni~i

Nb{sfs hmh dbmeinh drl~h{lhbq rm~rc

dbmni{i~cim imjci bs~hdish ~bqgini{

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc- AMM dbd{rmxih

ni~i {bmjfai~im {ishbm niqh {rsi~${rsi~

{bmjfai~im nh Eiciq~i- Midrm, ni~i ~bqsbar~

dbqr{icim ni~i crmermjim arcim ni~i {ishbm,

sbghmjji nhimjji{ inimxi nr{lhcish ximj ~hmjjh-

Nh Q_CF Eiciq~i, ni~i ximj ~bqsbnhi inilig

erdlig crmermjim {bmjfai~im nim erdlig

{ishbm- Ni~i hmh dbdabqh hmnhcish ~bqgini{

absiqmxi ~hmjci~ nr{lhcish sbghmjji ni~i AMM

ni{i~ nhjrmicim- Icim ~b~i{h Q_CF ahisimxi

dblilrcim nb~fcsh`hcish eimjci {bmnbc nhdimi

cbaimxicim {rsi~ qbgiahlh~ish dbqizi~ {ishbm

abqarlim$arlim- _bghmjji cbdrmjchmim rm~rc

nhqizi~ lbahg niqh si~r cilh icim lbahg absiq nh

Q_CF niqh {ini nh {rsi~${rsi~ lihm- Flbg ciqbmi

h~r, ni~i crmermjim {bmjfai~im Q_CF nh{bqcbohlghmjji >0 {bqsbm rm~rc dbmjjidaiqcim

crmermjim {ishbm ximj sbabmiqmxi, sbnimjcim

{rsi~${rsi~ gimxi nhcrqimj ghmjji 1; {bqsbm

siei-

[bmjgh~rmjim nh i~is nhlicrcim abqnisiqcim

ni~i ~igrm 9888 rm~rc dbdabqh bs~hdish

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui nh Eiciq~i {ini ~igrm h~r-

Erdlig {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc rm~rc ~igrm

ximj sidi nh Q_CF inilig 2: {bqsbm- Imjcihmh ch~i isrdshcim sidi {ini {rsi~${rsi~

qbgiahlh~ish lihmmxi- _bghmjji ni{i~ nhbs~hdish

{ini ~igrm 9888 erdlig {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui

nh {rsi~${rsi~ qbgiahlh~is nh Eiciq~i sbaimxic

?->02-

_rqpbh srqpbhlims {bqhlicr {ini >;;

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc nh Eiciq~i nhlicrcim

flbg Rmhpbqsh~is Hmnfmbshi ~igrm 1;;;- [iqi

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc h~r nh~imxi i{icigdbqbci dbmoiqh {bmjfai~im sblidi si~r ~igrm

~bqicghq- Gimxi 8,9 {bqsbm niqh dbqbci ximj

dbmji~icim aigzi dbqbci dbmoiqh {bmjfai~im

nh {rsi~${rsi~ {bmjfai~im- Hmh abqiq~h rm~rc

sb~hi{ fqimj ximj dbmoiqh {bmjfai~im, ini lbahgniqh 8 fqimj ximj ~hnic dbmoiqh {bmjfai~im-

Ehci drl~h{lhbq hmh nhjrmicim ~bqgini{ bs~hdish

erdlig {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui ximj dbmoiqh

{bmjfai~im nh i~is, ch~i icim ni{i~cim sbarig

imjci bs~hdish sbabsiq ?7-;:: [bmxiligjrmi

mi{ui nh sbch~iq Eiciq~i-

Icim ~b~i{h, Eiciq~i dbqr{icim cf~i ximj lris

ximj cblhlhmjh flbg cf~i$cf~i lihm xih~r Afjfq,

^imjjbqimj nim Abcish- Q_CF dbmoi~i~ aigziini 1: {bqsbm {ishbm ximj ni~imj cb Q_CF

abqisil niqh Af~iabc, Eizi Aiqi~- _bghmjji

{bqsbm~ish hmh giqrs nhcrqimjh niqh bs~hdish

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui nh Eiciq~i- Nbmjim

nbdhchim erdlig {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc nh

Eiciq~i inilig 1:-:80-

Imjci hmh ni{i~ nhaimnhmjcim nbmjim imjci

ximj nhdhlhch flbg Nb{sfs ximj rm~rc Eiciq~i

sbabsiq ?-19: fqimj- Nbmjim ci~i lihm, nbmjim{qfsbs bs~hdish ximj lbahg nh~bhl ch~i

dbd{bqflbg bs~hdish 7,0 cilh lbahg absiq

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc ximj sbabmiqmxi

niqh ni~i Nb{sfs- Ciqbmi Nb{sfs ni{i~ icsbs

nh li{imjim lbahg absiq nh Eiciq~i nhaimnhmj

nbmjim nibqig lihm nim {bmni~iim nh nibqig

lihm lbahg cfd{lbcs dici nh{r~rscim rm~rc

dbmjjrmicim drl~h{lhbq 7 rm~rc {qf{hmsh

lihmmxi-

Drl~h{lhbq hmh ni{i~ nhjrmicim rm~rc sbdri

{qf{hmsh nhdimi ni~i Nb{sfs ~bqsbnhi, nbmjim

{bmjborilhim ~bqgini{ {qf{hmsh ximj

dbd{rmxih ni`~iq nim {bdb~iim {f{rlish

srnig lbmjci{- Nhdimi {ini ~igrm 1;;1, gimxi

Ailh ximj dbdhlhch ni~i ximj ~bqsbar~- Nh lihm

{hgic rm~rc {qf{hmsh gishl {bdbciqim ~hnic

~bqsbnhi ni~i {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui ximj abqisil

niqh Nb{sfs- Rm~rc h~r nhjrmicim bs~hdish

{qf{hmsh ximj nh qbisshjmbnim~iqi {qf{hmsh


14/54

[bmxi ligjrmi mi {ui srm ~ hc 8

lidi nim aiqr sbsrih nbmjim nhs~qharsh

{bmnrnrc ximj aiqr- _bnimjcim gishl

{bqgh~rmjim rm~rc Af~iabc nh i~is erji

nhdisrccim cb{ini Eizi Aiqi~- _bghmjji,

sboiqi cbsblrqrgim db~fnb hmh dbmjgishlcim

imjci bs~hdish sbabsiq 90:-;;; rm~rc

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc nh sblrqrg mbjiqi-

Db ~fnb Bs~ hdish HNR 15Bs~hdish Abqnisiqcim[ini Nhs~qharsh[bmnrnrc

Db~fnb cbnri rm~rc dbmjbs~hdish

erdlig {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc ~im{i

dbmjjrmicim ni~i Nb{sfs- Oiqi hmh nhlicrcim

nbmjim dbmjgh~rmj {qbpilbms [bmxiligjrmi

mi{ui srm~hc rm~rc sb~hi{ {qf{hmsh- Gil hmh

nhnisiqh {ini disrcim niqh fqimj$fqimj ximj

abcbqei {ini nibqig mi{ui '{bcbqei

{bmjrqimjim nid{ic 'giqd qbnro~hfm(, s~i`

{rsi~ qbgiahlh~ish, s~i` srqphlims, icinbdhc,

{flhsh nim AMM( nim erji {ini ni~i nhs~qharsh

{bmnrnrc-

_bdri srdabq ni~i ximj ~bqsbnhi dbmrmerccim

aigzi 8; {bqsbm niqh {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui

srm~hc ~igrm 1;;1 inilig {qhi ximj abqrshi

im~iqi 92 ?; ~igrm- Flbg ciqbmi h~r {f{rlish

{qhi im~iqi 92 ?; ~igrm nhjrmicim sbaijih

nbmfdhmi~fq rm~rc {qbpilbmsh bs~hdish- Cb~hci

fqimj$fqimj ~bqsbar~ nh i~is nh~imxi ~bm~imj

{bmjilidim dbqbci ~bqgini{ absiqmxi disilig

{bmxiligjrmiim mi{ui, dbqbci abqcbshd{rlim

aigzi bs~hdish {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui nh

{bqcf~iim nhaijh dbmeinh ~hji ebmhs xih~r

{qbpilbms ~hmjjh, sbnimj nim qbmnig- Erji

nhh~imxicim dbmjbmih bs~hdish grarmjim

im~iqi {qbpilbms {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc

nh nibqig {bnbsiim nim {bqcf~iim rm~rc sb~hi{

ci~bjfqh nh i~is- Nbmjim nhscrsh ximj {imeimj,

nh~iqhc cfmsbmsrs sbaijih abqhcr~ 5

Qishf {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc im~iqi

{bnbsiim nbmjim {bqcf~iim icim dbmeinh lbahg

~hmjjh nh nibqig {qbpilbms ximj ~hmjjh- Ciqbminibqig nbmjim {qbpilbms ~hmjjh obmnbqrmj nh

nibqig ximj dbd{rmxih hm`qis~rqcrq ximj aihc

nim inimxi cfd{b~hsh nilid {bmerilim mi{ui-

Hm`qis~qrc~rq ximj aihc nim cfd{b~hsh {bmerilim

mi{ui icim dbmnfqfmj {bmerilim fai~ lbahg

drnig-

Nilid qimjci dbdr~rscim {qf{hmsh dimi ximj

dbmeinh nhjrmicim nilid ci~bjfqh hmh, ni~i

miqi{hnimi ximj ~bqlhai~ mi{ui {bq {qf{hmsh

Qishf {bmjjrmi mi{ui srm~hc im~iqi {bnbsiim

nbmjim {bqcf~iim icim dbmeinh lbahg ~hmjjh nh

nibqig {qbpilbms ximj ~hmjjh- Ciqbmi nibqignbmjim {qbpilbms ~hmjjh obmnbqrmj nh nibqig

ximj dbd{rmxih hm`qis~qrc~rq ximj aihc nim

inimxi cfd{b~hsh nilid {bmerilim mi{ui-

Hm`qis~qrc~rq ximj aihc nim cfd{b~hsh

{bmerilim mi{ui icim dbmnfqfmj {bmerilim

fai~ lbahg drnig-

Nilid qimjci dbdr~rscim {qf{hmsh dimi ximj

dbmeinh nhjrmicim nilid ci~bjfqh hmh, ni~i

miqi{hnimi ximj ~bqlhai~ mi{ui {bq {qf{hmsh

^hmjjh

[ b q c f ~ i i m

[ b n b s i i m

92; '1"(

992; ';,:2"(

91;; ';,2"(

99;;; ';,9"(

99;;; ';,9"(

92;;; ';,;1"(

_b n i m j Q bm n i g


15/54

[bmxiligjrmi mi {ui srm~ hc9;

ni{i~ nhjrmicim- Erdlig miqi{hnimi mi{ui nh

sri~r {qf{hmsh nhaijh flbg erdlig {qhi drni nh

nilid {qf{hmsh ~bqsbar~- Niqh gishl {bdaijhim

~bqsbar~, nh{bqflbg qi~b cqhdhmil ~bqgini{

mi{ui _boiqi qishfmil, i{iahli erdlig qi~b

~hmjjh, abqiq~h erdlig {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc

erji qbli~h` ~hmjjh- _bailhcmxi, i{iahli erdlig

qi~b qbmnig, dici erdlig {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui

srm~hc erji qbmnig- _bghmjji ch~i dbdaijh

{qf{hmsh ximj ini nh Hmnfmbshi dbmeinh ~hji

~hmjci~im qi~b, nhsbsrihcim nbmjim qi~b cqhdhmil,

xih~r ~hmjjh, sbnimj nim qbmnig-1

[f{rlish {qhi im~iqi 92 nim ?; ~igrm nhgh~rmj

rm~rc nibqig {bqcf~iim nim {bnbsiim rm~rc

sb~hi{ {qf{hmsh ximj nhnisiqcim {ini ni~i

sbmsrs- Imjci {qbpilbms {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui

srm~hc ximj ini ~bqlid{hq {ini ~iabl cbdrnhim

nhjrmicim rm~rc cblfd{fc hmh dbmrqr~ ci~bjfqh

{qf{hmsh i{icig ~bqdisrc ~hmjjh, sbnimj i~ir

qbmnig- _bghmjji icim nh{bqflbg erdlig {qhi

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc- Cbdrnhim 9; {bqsbmnh~idaigcim cb nilid imjci nh i~is rm~rc

sb~hi{ {qf{hmsh dbmjhmji~ inimxi zimh~i

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc sbabsiq 9; {bqsbm-

_bghmjji icghqmxi icim nh{bqflbg imjci sbabsiq

921-2;; {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc sboiqi

mishfmil-

Db~fnb Bs~hdish HNR ?5Drl~h{lhb q DbmjjrmicimNi~i ^imjci{im Mi{ui

Cbnri db~fnb nh i~is dbdabqhcim gishl bs~hdish

ximj simji~ dhqh{- ^b~i{h cbnri bs~ hdish

~bqsbar~ dbmjgishlcim bcs{bc~ish ximj

ijic qbmnig niqh {bsbq~i ximj dbdabqhcim

ni~i- _bnimjcim db~fnb ximj cb~hji gimxi

dbmjgishlcim bs~hdish mishfmil nhjrmicim

rm~rc dbmjcfm`hqdish i{icig cbnri db~fnb

nh i~is disrc nilid ai~isim ximj ahsi nh

{bqoixi-

Bs~hdish ximj cb~hji dbmjjrmicim ni~i gishl

~imjci{im i~ir{rm sh~iim mi{ui flbg AMM-

Imjci ~imjci{im {r~iz ~bq~hmjjh ximj {bqmig

~bqicghq hmh sbaimxic 1: cj- _bnimjcim bs~hdish

qbsdh ximj nh~imjci{ ablrd {bqmig ini-Nqrj

Bm`fq obd bm~ Ijbmox 'NBI( I_, dbmjbs~hdish

aigzi gimxi sbch~iq ? {bqsbm niqh fai~ jbli{ximj abqbniq nh disxiqici~ Idbqhci nh~imjci{

sb~hi{ ~igrmmxi- [bsbq~i {bq~bdrim niqh

Gimcid nim AMM abq{bmni{i~ aigzi nbmjim

~bcmflfjh cbdid{rim i{iqi~ grcrd ximj

dishg qbmnig, dici Hmnfmbshi dbmimjci{

mi{ui eirg lbahg qbmnig nbmjim ~imjci{im I_-

^b~i{h {bqlr nh{bqgi~hcim erji aigzi

cfd{lbcsh~is f{bqish {bqnimjimjim jbli{ nh

Hmnfmbshi eirg lbahg qbmnig nhaimnhmj nbmjim

I_ sbghmjji {bqabniim im~iqi cbnri mbjiqi

~bqsbar~ ~hnic ~bqlilr absiq- Dblhgi~ gil ~bqsbar~

nh i~is, {iqi {bsbq~i dbdr~rscim aigzi gishl

~imjci{im fai~ nh Hmnfmbshi sbabsiq 90 niqh

gishl ~imjci{im nh I_, nbmjim ci~i lihm sbabsiq

;,2 {bqsbm fai~ ximj disrc cb Hmnfmbshi

abqgishl nh~imjci{ flbg i{iqi~ cbidimim-

Nbmjim dbmjjrmicim imjci ~imjci{im {r~iz

~igrm 9888, abqiq~h {r~iz ximj nhabqbniq nh

Hmnfmbshi sbabsiq 2->;; ~fm i~ir 2,> er~i jqid

sb~hi{ ~igrmmxi- Ni~i niqh {rsi~ qbgiahlh~ish

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc dbmrmerccim

aigzi {iqi {bdini~ dbmjjrmicim ;,9 jqid

{bq giqh i~ir ?0,2 jqid sb~hi{ ~igrm-

1^hmjci~im hmh abqlicr erji {ini {qf{hmsh lidi, ciqbmi ni~i rm~rc {qf{hmsh aiqr ~hnic ~bqsbnhi- Rm~rc {qf{hmsh aiqr, ~hmjci~im ximj

nhjrmicim inilig ~hmjci~im niqh {qf{hmsh lidi-


16/54

[bmxi ligjrmi mi {ui srm ~ hc 99

Ehci ch~i dbdaijh erdlig {r~iz ximj ini sb~hi{

~igrm nbmjim erdlig ximj nhcfmsrdsh flbg

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui, ch~i icim dbd{bqflbg

bs~hdish absbsiq 9>7 -;;; fqimj {bmxiligjrmi

mi{ui srm~hc nh Hmnfmbshi ~igrm 9888- Imjci

hmh abqini im~iqi imjci ximj nhgishlcim cbnri

bs~hdish ximj lihmmxi-

Bs~hdish [ini LbdaiqimCb qei [ini [qfjqidBwobl

Nri db~fnb ximj {bq~idi nh i~isdbqr{icim db~fnb ximj hmnb{bmnbm- Nh

ababqi{i {qf{hmsh, gishl db~fnb si~r lbahg ~hmjjh

niqh{ini gishl db~fnb nri- _bailhcmxi nh

{qf{hmsh lihm, gishl db~fnb nri ximj lbahg ~hmjjh-

[ini lbdaiqim cbqei {qf{hmsh nhabnicim im~iqi

bs~hdish ximj ~hmjjh nim ximj qbmnig- Rm~rc

dbdhlhg bs~hdish ximj ~hmjjh, ch~i jrmicim gishl

bs~hdish ximj ~hmjjh, ~im{i dblhgi~ ebmhs db~fnb

ximj nhjrmicim- _bailhcmxi, rm~rc bs~hdish ximjqbmnig, nhjrmicim gishl bs~hdish ximj qbmnig,

niqh nri db~fnb ~bqsbar~- Flbg ciqbmi h~r icim

nh{bqflbg gishl bs~hdish mishfmil niqh ximj

~bqbmnig cb ximj ~bq~hmjjh sbabsiq 9 1 > , ; ; ;

ghmjji 9 8 0 , ; ; ; - Imjci hmh lbahg absiq niqh

imjci ximj nh{bqflbg niqh nri db~fnb {bq~idi

nh i~is-

CblbdigimCb~hji db~fnb nh i~is dbd{rmxih

cbcrqimjim i~ir cb~bqai~isim- [ini cisrs

{bq~idi, ni~i {bmjfai~im {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui

srm~hc ~hnic lbmjci{- Erdlig fqimj ximj nhfai~h

cbdrmjchmim lbahg absiq niqh{ini ximj

nhbs~hdishcim nbmjim dbmjjrmicim ni~i ximj

~bqsbnhi {ini ~igrm nhdimi nhlicrcim bs~hdish-

Erdlig {bmjfai~im ximj lbahg ~hmjjh nh Eiciq~iicim dbdabqhcim gishl bs~hdish ximj lbahg

~hmjjh erji nh ~hmjci~ mishfmil- _bghmjji icim

dbdabqhcim imjci drl~h{lhbq ximj ~hmjjh {rli

ximj icim nhjrmicim rm~rc dbmjbs~hdish

{qf{hmsh lihmmxi- Nh {hgic lihm cbaimxicim

{bsbq~i iglh miqcfai dbmjimjji{ aigzi si~rniqh 2; lich$lich drni dbmjcfmsrdsh mi{ui

srm~hc simji~ disrc icil- _bghmjji gishl

db~fnb hmh gid{hq sidi nbmjim gishl db~fnb

si~r, ximj eirg lbahg qhmoh5 $$ abnimxi im~iqi

gishl nri db~fnb hmh rm~rc NCH Eiciq~i gimxi

2;; fqimj, i~ir 1 {bqsbm-

Cblbdigim ximj {ilhmj absiq niqh db~fnb cbnri

inilig aigzi imjci {qbpilbms {imjjrmi mi{ui

srm~hc rm~rc nibqig {bqcf~iim nim {bnbsiim

nbmjim ci~bjfqh ~hmjjh, sbnimj nim qbmnig ~hnic

abqnisiqcim {ini ni~i ximj {is~h ~b~i{h

abqnisiqcim {ini cfmsbsrs fqimj$fqimj ximj

abcbqei abqgrarmjim nbmjim mi{ui-

[ini db~fnb cb~hji, ini ni~i ~imjci{im fai~,

icim ~b~i{h ch~i ~hnic dbdhlhch ni~i ~bm~imj

{qf{fqsh fai~ ximj ~hnic ~bq~imjci{- Ehci

bs~hdish ~imjci{im dblbahgh niqh imjci ximj

sbsrmjjrgmxi, gil hmh icim dbdari~ gishl

bs~hdish {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc ximj

qbmnig- _bailhcmxi, ehci bs~hdish ~imjci{im

qbmnig, icim dbmjgishlcim erdlig ximj absiq-

Icim ~b~i{h sboiqi cbsblrqrgim, cbsidiim niqh

cb~hji db~fnb ~bqsbar~ inilig dbmhmjci~cim

cbxichmim aigzi bs~hdish ~bqsbar~ abqini

nilid eilrq ximj ~b{i~-

Bs~ hdish [qb pilbms GHP

Bs~hdish {qbpilbms GHP nh im~iqi

[bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc ~bqsbnhi niqh Eiciq~i

nim Eizi Aiqi~ 'ni~i ~igrm 1;;1(, Ailh 'ni~i

~igrm 1;;9( nim _rqiaixi 'ni~i ~igrm 1;;;(-

Icim ~b~i{h niqh cbbd{i~ nibqig ~bqsbar~ ~hnic

~bqsbnhi ni~i nh~hmjci~ ciar{i~bmcf~i-

_bghmjji ni~i nh{bqflbg nbmjim dblicrcimnrjiim siei-


17/54

ab q gr a r m ji m s b cs nb m j im sb si di

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc-

Flbg ciqbmi ~hmjjhmxi {qbpilbms GHP nh im~iqi

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc, absiq cbdrmjchmim

{isimjim sbcsril dbqbci ~bq{i{iq GHP- _blihm

h~r, dbqbci erji drmjchm {rmxi {isimjim lihm

sbghmjji {isimjim {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc

hmh nh{imnimj abq{blrimj ~hmjjh rm~rc ~bq~rliq

GHP-

_rdab q Ni~ i, Db ~fnbNim Cb ~b qai~ isim

Ciqbmi hm`fqdish {qhdbq ~hnic ~bqsbnhi

rm~rc cblfd{fc hmh, dici {bqgh~rmjim ximj

nhlicrcim abqisil niqh {qf{fqsh {bmxiligjrmi

mi{ui srm~hc ximj sbcsril ic~h`- Niqh ababqi{i

{rsi~ qbgiahlh~ish dbmrmerccim aigzi {qf{fqsh

ic~h`h~is sbcsril nhim~iqi {bdini~ hmh abqpiqhish-

Xixisim Gi~h$gi~h nh Afjfq dbmji~icim erdlig

dbqbci sbabsiq :0 {bqsbm- _blihm h~r nhci~icim

aigzi cbaimxicim {iqi {bdini~ hmh dblicrcim

[I_IMJIM

[BMXILIGJRMI MI[UI _RM HC

XIMJ HNIC DBMJJRMICIM

MI[UI _RM HC


Ini imjji{im aigzi {bmxiligjrmi

mi{ui srm~hc arcim dbqr{icim sbcsril ic~h`,

i~ir dbqici h~r gimxi dblicrcim grarmjim

sbcs nbmjim sbsidi {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc-

_bghmjji imjji{im hmh dbdabqhcim cfm~qharsh

ximj cbohl ~bqgini{ b{hnbdh GHP dblilrh

grarmjim sbcsril- Icim ~b~i{h gil sb{bq~h h~r

~hnic ~bqeinh nh Hmnfmbshi- _bciqimj hmh mi{ui

srm~hc srnig dbmeinh bmfdbmi nh disxiqici~

Hmnfmbshi- _baijhim disxiqici~ ~bq~bm~r ~blig

dbmjjrmicim mi{ui nilid zic~r ximj lidi

nbmjim imjji{im rm~rc dbmhmjci~cim

cbdid{rim sbcsril- Dbdimj, ni~i ximj ini

erji dbmrmerccim aigzi {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui

srm~hc qi~i$qi~i lbahg ic~h` nilid gil sbcsril

niqh{ini fqimj drni ximj ~hnic dbmjjrmicim

mi{ui srm~hc- _blihm h~r, 8; {bqsbm {bmxiligjrmi

mi{ui srm~hc inilig {qhi- Hmh abqiq~h aigzi

gimxi sbaijhim cbohl {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc

[isimjim [bmxiligjrmi Mi{ui _rm~ hc Ximj ^hnic Dbmjjrmi cim Mi{ui _rm~ hc 9?


18/54

9> [isim jim [bmxi ligjrm i Mi{ui _rm~hc Xim j hnic Dbm jjrmici m Mi{ ui _rm~ hc

grarmjim sbcs sboiqi abqjim~him nbmjim

{isimjim ~hnic ~b~i{mxi lbahg sbqhmj niqh{ini

nbmjim {isimjim ~b~i{mxi- Ciqbmi gimxi sbnhch~

ni~i ximj ini, dici ~hnic drmjchm rm~rc

dbmeizia cfd{lbcsh~is bs~hdish aihc nh ~hmjci~

{qf{hmsh dir{rm nh mishfmil- _bghmjji

nhisrdshcim aigzi qi~i$qi~i {bmxiligjrmi

mi{ui srm~hc ximj sbcsril ic~h` ~bqgini{ si~r

{isimjim ~b~i{ sbabsiq :0 {bqsbm-

Bs~hdish hmh ~hnic dbdabnicim im~iqi {qhi nim

zimh~i- Nilid cbmxi~iimmxi, zimh~i

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc nhimjji{ lbahg ic~h`

sboiqi sbcsril nhaimnhmj nbmjim {qhi

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc- ^b~i{h zimh~i hmh

erji lbahg absiq cbdrmjchmimmxi dblicrcim

grarmjim sbcs nbmjim {qhi sbsidb {bdini~-

_bghmjji, {qhi {isimjim dbqbci srnig ~bqgh~rmj

nh nilid bs~hdish {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc-

Disilig hmh icim nh{bqgi~hcim {ini bs~hdish

~igrm 1;;? dbmni~imj i{iahli ni~i {ini

srqpbhlims srqpbx {bqhlicr ~bqsbnhi-


Rm~rc cblfd{fc hmh, ~hnic ini ~bqsbnhi

ni~i- Lier {qbpilbms GHP nh im~iqi {bmxiligjrmi

mi{ui srm~hc nhimjji{ simji~ ~hmjjh- Nhsid{hmj

h~r ini cbdrmjchmim ~bqeinh qbhm`bcsh nh im~iqi

dbqbci- _bghmjji nhimjji{ aigzi ~hmjci~

hm`bc~hph~is GHP nh im~iqi {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui

srm~hc orcr{ ~hmjjh- Rm~rc h~r, nh{bqchqicim

si~r nh im~iqi ~hji {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc

ximj {fsh~h` GHP dbmrliqh {isimjim sbcsmxi-


19/54

ZIMH I [BMEIE I _BC_


Nh Hmnfmbshi, sbaijihdimi mbjiqi$

mbjiqi Ishi lihmmxi, hmnrs~qh sbcs dbdabqhcim

{blrimj inimxi grarmjim sbcs nh lriq

{bqcizhmim sboiqi cgrsrs rm~rc {qhi- Ciqbmi~hmjjhmxi imjci jim~h$jim~h {isimjim nim imjci

hm`bcsh dbmrliq sbcsril 'HD_(, ni{i~ nh{is~hcim

aigzi cblfd{fc hmh absiq cbdrmjchmimmxi

~bq{i{iq GHP, nim nbmjim nbdhchim, dbqbci

erji icim dbmxbaiqcimmxi cb{ini {isimjim

dbqbci-

_rdab q Ni~ i_rdabq ni~i r~idi rm~rc zimh~i

{bmeiei sbcs abqisil niqh ni~i Nb{sfs ximj nhaijh

dbmrqr~ {qf{hmsh- _blihm h~r, nh ababqi{i nibqig,

nhdimi L_D ~blig abqeilim nbmjim aihc nim

~blig nhlicrcim __[, dbd{rmxih ni~i nim

{bdb~iim hmnrs~qh sbcs nbmjim icrqi~- Nhmis

[iqhzhsi~i NCH Eiciq~i erji dbmoioig erdlig

zimh~i ximj abcbqei {ini hmnrs~qh gharqim nh

~bd{i~$~bd{i~ sb{bq~h {im~h {hei~, aiq nim clia

dilid ximj dbmxbnhicim eisi liximim sbcs-

_rdabq ni~i ximj nhjrmicim rm~rc bs~hdish hmh

inilig sbaijih abqhcr~ 5

Zimh~i [bmeiei _bcs 92

Ni~i Nb{sfs rm~rc {bmeiei sbcs limjsrmj

{bq {qf{hmsh ~igrm 1;;1

Nhmis [iqhzhsi~i NCH Eiciq~i rm~rc zimh~i

ximj abcbqei nh hmnrs~qh gharqim

Ni~i Xixisim Cbq~h [qiei rm~rc {bcbqei

sbcs nh Nbm{isiq nim _imrq, Ailh

Db ~fnb Bs~ hdish[b mei ei _b cs

Ni~i Nb{sfs ximj ~bqsbnhi gimxi rm~rc

{bmeiei sbcs limjsrmj nh lfcilhsish dir{rm

qrdig$qrdig afqnhl siei- Imjci ~bqsbar~

inilig {bmeiei sbcs cblis qbmnig- _bnimjcim

rm~rc cblis ~hmjjh ximj ahisimxi abqf{bqish nh

qrdig {qhainh, gf~bl nim lihm$lihm sbq~i zimh~i{bmeiei sbcs 'Z[_( ~hnic limjsrmj ximj abcbqei

nh clia$clia dilid nim {im~h {hei~ ~hnic

~bqdisrc nilid ni~i Nb{sfs ~bqsbar~- Flbg

ciqbmi h~r nh{bqlrcim {bmxbsrihim ni~i Nb{sfs

rm~rc dbmjgh~rmj {bmeiei sbcs ximj ~hnic

~bqni`~iq-

Hm`fqdish ximj {ilhmj lbmjci{ niqh sbdri ni~i

ximj ~bqsbnhi inilig ni~i niqh Ailh ximj

nh{bqflbg niqh Xixisim Cbq~h [qiei- XC[ aiqr$

aiqr hmh dblicsimicim {bmoioi~im {bcbqei sbcs


20/54

90 Zimh~i [bmeiei _bcs

niqh sbdri cblis- XC[ dbmoi~i~ ini 9;01 [_

limjsrmj- _bnimjcim Nb{sfs dbmni~i sbaimxic

0:9 [_ cblis qbmnig- _bghmjji bs~hdish Nb{sfs

giqrs nh~idaigcim ghmjji 27 {bqsbm rm~rc

dbmoi{ih bs~hdish ximj lbahg absiq rm~rc [_

limjsrmj-

Gil lihm ximj {bm~hmj inilig dbmjgh~rmj [_

~hnic limjsrmj- Ni~i lihm niqh Ailh dbmrmercim

~bqni{i~ sbaimxic 1?2 [_ ~hnic limjsrmj nh Ailh-

_bghmjji imjci [_ limjsrmj ximj cblis qbmnig

niqh Nb{sfs giqrs nh~idaigcim sbaimxic ?2

{bqsbm rm~rc dbmjgh~rmj [_ ~hnic limjsrmj-

Ni~i [_ ~hnic limjsrmj erji ~bqsbnhi rm~rcEiciq~i ximj abqisil niqh Nhmis [iqhzhsi~i NCH

Eiciq~i- Zimh~i ximj abcbqei hmnrs~qh gharqim

sb{bq~h nh aiq$aiq, clia$clia dilid, ciqifcb,

{im~h {hei~ nim sirmi nh Eiciq~i sbaimxic 9:-;;;

fqimj- Icim ~b~i{h ~hnic sbdri zimh~i$zimh~i

nh i~is erji dbmeieicim sbcs- _bzic~r

{bq~bdrim bs~hdish GHP abqlimjsrmj, sbfqimj

s~i` Nhmis [iq hzhsi~i NCH Eiciq~i

dbd{bqchqicim sbaimxic 7; {bqsbm niqh dbqbcidbmeril eisi sbcs- [qf{fqsh hmh gid{hq sidi

nbmjim ~bdrim __[ ~bqgini{ [_ nh Eiciq~i

R~iqi- Flbg ciqbmi h~r erdlig [_ ~hnic limjsrmj

nh Eiciq~i inilig 9?-0;; '9:-;;; w ;,7(- Erdlig

hmh cbdrnhim ch~i aimnhmjcim nbmjim ni~i

Nb{sfs nh Eiciq~i rm~rc [_ limjsrmj ximj cblis

qbmnig sbaimxic 8-?;; fqimj- [bqaimnhmjim

hmh dbmjgishlcim erdlig [_ ~hnic limjsrmj

sbabsiq 9,>0 cilh erdlig [_ limjsrmj nh Eiciq~i-

Imjci drl~h{lhbq rm~rc [_ ~hnic limjsrmj hmh

cbdrnhim nhaimnhmjcim nbmjim ni~i [_ niqh

Nb{sfs ximj abqpiqhish {ini sb~hi{ {qf{hmsh-

Niqh cbnri ofm~fg nh i~is ni{i~ ch~i lhgi~ erdlig

[_ ~hnic limjsrmj abqini im~iqi ;,?2 ghmjji

9,>0 cilh [_ limjsrmj- Ciqbmi absiq {bqabniim

cbnri imjci hmh, dici nh{r~rscim rm~rc

dbmjjrmicim cbnri imjci ~bqsbar~ rm~rc

dbmjgh~rmj bs~hdish qbmnig nim ~hmjjh sbdri

ebmhs [_ nh sb~hi{ {qf{hmsh-

_ b oi q i q hm jci s , l i mjci g b s ~ hd i s h n h i ~ i s

sb ai ji h ab q hcr ~ 5

B s ~hd i s h q b m n i g 5 Ni~i niqh Nb{sfs

nh~idaig [_ limjsrmj ximj cblis ~hmjjhnh~idaig [_ ~hnic limjsrmj nbmjim

dbmjjrmicim drl~h{lhbq Ailh-

B s ~ h d i s h ~ h m j j h 5 Ni~i niqh Nb{sfs

nh~idaig [_ limjsrmj ximj cblis ~hmjjh

nh~idaig [_ ~hnic limjsrmj nbmjim

dbmjjrmicim drl~h{lhbq Eiciq~i-

Ciqbmi cb~hiniim ni~i Nb{sfs rm~rc {qf{hmsh

aiqr gishl {bdbciqim, dici bs~hdish {qf{hmsh

nhlicrcim ~bqlbahg nigrlr rm~rc {qf{hmsh

sbablrd nhdbciqcim, cbdrnhim gishlmxi nhaijh

sbsrih nbmjim nhs~qharsh {bmnrnrc rm~rc cbnri

{qf{hmsh ~bqsbar~ sb~blig nhdbciqcim-

Niqh gishl bs~hdish ~bqsbar~ ~bqni{i~ 98?-;;;

[_ rm~rc bs~hdish qbmnig nim 1 : ? - ; ; ; [_

rm~rc bs~hdish ~hmjjh sboiqi mishfmil-

CblbdigimNi~i Nb{sfs ximj nh{ralhcishcim ~igrm

1;;1 gimxi sbnhch~ abqabni niqh ni~i ~igrm

9887, ximj abqiq~h cbnri ni~i ~bqsbar~ arcim

dbqr{icim ni~i ~bqchmh- Bs~hdish nh i~is

abqnisiq {ini {bmxiligjrmiim drl~h{lhbq ximj

abqisil niqh gimxi si~r i~ir nri ~bd{i~ rm~rc

sbdri {qf{hmsh ximj ini nh Hmnfmbshi- [inigil

nh Eiciq~i sbmnhqh hmnrs~qh sbcs simji~ abqabni

im~iqi si~r lfcish nbmjim lfcish lihmmxi-

[ini zic~r bs~hdish nhari~, {bdb~iim hmnrs~qh

sbcs ~blig nhlicrcim sbgrarmjim nbmjim

inimxi __[ nh ababqi{i cf~i nim nibqig ~qimsh~

nh 9; {qf{hmsh- _bghmjji nhgiqi{cim ni~i niqh

cbsb{rlrg {qf{hmsh hmh icim dbmxbnhicim

drl~h{lhbq ximj lbahg sbsrih cbar~rgim bs~hdish

nh nibqig sb~bd{i~ nh disi dbmni~imj- [qfsbs


21/54

9:Zimh~i [bmeiei _bcs

nim gishl bs~hdish rm~rc cblfd{fc hmh ni{i~

nhlhgi~ nh lid{hqim-

Bs~hdish [qbpilbms GHP[bq~idi$~idi ch~i jrmicim ni~i GHP

niqh gishl ni~i shs~bd srqpbhlims GHP ximj ini-

[ini sii~ {qfsbs bs~hdish nhlicrcim arlim

Fc~fabq 1;;1, ~hnic ini srqpbhlims GHP rm~rc

~igrm ~bqsbar~, sbghmjji ni~i ximj ~bqsbnhi

inilig ni~i lidi- Nh nibqig ximj ~blig nhlicrcim

s~rnh cgrsrs sb{bq~h Ailh, ni~i srqpbhlims srnig

~hnic dbmjjidaiqcim sh~rish sbciqimj hmh- Nh

{hgic lihm ni~i srqpbhlims ximj nhli{fqcim Nh~ebm

[[D & [L cinimj cinimj dbmjgishlcim imjci

{qbpilbms GHP ximj ~hmjjh ciqbmi cinimj$

cinimj srqpbhlims ximj nhlicrcim {ini sid{bl

ximj ~hnic dbdinih niqh sbjh erdlig- Flbg

ciqbmi h~r bs~hdish {qbpilbms GHP rm~rc [_

ximj nhlid{hqcim ~hnic sbsrih nbmjim ni~i

nisiq srqpbhlims mishfmil-


22/54

[BLIMJJIM

ZIMH I [BME IE I _BC_


_b~hi{ [_ {is~h dbliximh {blimjjim-

Mbjiqi sb{bq~h Hmnfmbshi nhdimi b{hnbdh GHP

abqcbdaimj nbmjim simji~ ob{i~ nim hmnrs~qh

sbcs ~bqni{i~ nhdimi$dimi, {blimjjim [_

dbqr{icim cblfd{fc ximj simji~ qbm~im

~bq~rliq GHP-

_rdab q Ni~ i

_rdabq ni~i ximj {ilhmj rdrd rm~rc

{blimjjim [_ inilig srqpbh ximj nhlicrcim

rm~rc {qhi {ini {f{rlish rdrd- Hnbilmxi nilid

_rqpbh Cbsbgi~im nim Qrdig ^imjji '_CQ^(

{qhi sbgiqrsmxi nh~imxi i{icig dbqbci {bqmig

dbdablh liximim sbcs niqh [_ nilid si~r ~igrm

~bqicghq- [qf{fqsh ximj dbmji~icim {bqmig

icim nhjrmicim rm~rc dbzichlh {qhi nbzisi

rm~rc dbmni{i~cim ~f~il bs~hdish {blimjjim

[_-

Icim ~b~i{h _CQ^ sb{bq~h h~r dishg

nhqbmoimicim rm~rc icghq ~igrm 1;;1- Nbmjim

cb~hniciniim srqpbh hmh, erdlig {blimjjim [_

ni{i~ nh{bqflbg nbmjim dblicrcim bs~hdish

niqh erdlig [_- Niqh gishl __[ ximj nhlicrcim,

ni~i ximj ahsi ch~i jrmicim rm~rc cb{bqlrim

bs~hdish inilig sbaijih abqhcr~ 5

[blimjjim Zimh~i [_,Db ~fnb Bs~ hdish

[ini lbdaiqim cbqei ximj lihm nh nilid

{qfjqid bwobl nhdisrccim ni~i bs~hdish zimh~i

[_ rm~rc sbdri {qf{hmsh- Cbdrnhim rm~rc

sb~hi{ {qf{hmsh nhdisrccim ni~i qi~i$qi~i

erdlig {blimjjim zimh~i [_ {bq dhmjjr

'nhli{fqcim flbg Z[_ {ini __[( nim qi~i$qi~i

erdlig crmermjim cb hmnrs~qh sbcs nilid

sb~igrm 'nhli{fqcim {ini __[ {iqi {blimjjim(-

Cbdrnhim nhdisrccim erji erdlig dhmjjr

ximj nhjrmicim rm~rc abcbqei sblidi sb~igrm-

Ehcilir ~hnic ini ni~i ximj ~bqsbnhi rm~rc

{qf{hmsh ~bq~bm~r, dici ni~i ximj nhjrmicim

sbaihcmxi {qf{hmsh ximj dbdhlhch ciqic~bqhs~hc

ximj gid{hq sidi-

[blimjjim Zim~i [bmeiei _bcs 98

Bs~hdish {qf{hmsh ~bqgini{ erdlig zimh~i

[_\ nbmjim dbmjjrmicim db~fnb nh i~is

Ni~i __[ nh im~iqi zimh~i [_ limjsrmj

dir{rm ~hnic limjsrmj niqh 7 {qf{hmsh

'~hji niqh ~igrm 1;;1, lhdi niqh ~igrm

1;;;(

Ni~i __[ ~bqgini{ {blimjjim [_ nh 7

{qf{hmsh '~hji niqh ~igrm 1;;1, lhdi niqh~igrm 1;;;(


23/54

CblbdigimCiqbmi imjci$imjci nh i~is nhnisiqcim

{ini gishl bs~hdish Z[_, bs~hdish rm~rc

{blimjjim Z[_ erji dbd{rmxih cblbdigim

ximj sidi nbmjim bs~hdish Z[_- _blihm h~r

erdlig crmermjim cb [_ {bq {blimjjim {bq

~igrm ijic qbmnig nh Hmnfmbshi nhaimnhmjcim

nbmjim mbjiqi$mbjiqi Ishi lihmmxi- Ehci qi~i$

qi~i crmermjim {blimjjim lbahg sbqhmj dici

erdlig bs~hdish {blimjjim icim dbmeinh lbahg

qbmnig-

Nisiq rm~rc bs~hdish hmh inilig erdlig ~f~il [_

ximj ~blig nhbs~hdishcim sbablrdmxi rm~rc

sbdri ci~bjfqh- Erdlig qi~i$qi~i {blimjjim

sboiqi cbsblrqrgim ni{i~ nhjrmicim rm~rc

dbmni{i~cim erdlig ~f~il- Icim ~b~i{h erdlig

qi~i$qi~i chlbm hmh, ximj dbqr{icim crmoh

hm`fqdish nilid db~fnb bs~hdish hmh, abqabni

im~iqi [_ limjsrmj nim ~hnic limjsrmj- _bghmjji

bs~hdish ximj lbahg ~b{i~ ni{i~ nh~bqi{cim

nbmjim dbmjjrmicim qi~i$qi~i ximj ~b{i~ rm~rc

sb~hi{ ci~bjfqh [_-

1 ; [blimjjim Zim~i [bmeiei _bcs

Erdlig Z[_ ximj nhbs~hdishcim 'qi~i$qi~i niqh

bs~hdish ~hmjjh nim qbmnig {ini bs~hdish

sbablrdmxi( nhcilhcim nbmjim qi~i$qi~i erdlig

{blimjjim nilid sbdhmjjr- Cbdrnhim imjcihmh nhcilhcim lijh nbmjim qi~i$qi~i erdlig

dhmjjr cbqei nilid sb~igrm rm~rc dbd{bqflbg

erdlig ~qimsicsh sbcs nh sri~r {qf{hmsh {bq

~igrm- Ciqbmi erdlig ~qimsicsh sbcs sboiqi

cbsblrqrgim giqrs sidi rm~rc Z[_ nim

{blimjjim, dici erdlig ~f~il ~qimsicsh {bq

~igrm nhaijh nbmjim qi~i$qi~i erdlig ~qimsicsh

'xih~r crmermjim cb [_( ximj nhli{fqcim

{blimjjim {bq~igrm-

Db~fnb hmh dbdabqhcim imjci rm~rc bs~hdish

qbmnig sbabsiq 0 , 8 e r ~ i nim rm~rc bs~hdish

~hmjjh 8 , 0 e r ~ i {blimjjim Z[_ sb~igrm nh

Hmnfmbshi-

[ini ~hmjci~ mishfmil, bs~hdish {blimjjim

im~iqi 91 nim 9: {bqsbm niqh {qhi Hmnfmbshi

{bqmig dbmjrmermjh Z[_ sb~hi{ ~igrmmxi-

Imjci hmh ~bqjflfmj ~hmjjh, midrm nbdhchimnhaimnhmjcim nbmjim mbjiqi$mbjiqi Ishi

^bmjjiqi lihmmxi imjci hmh ~hnic eirg abni-

Icim ~b~i{h nh ~hmjci~ {qf{hmsh bs~hdish rm~rc

{blimjjim hmh dbd{rmxih cblbdigim-

Disxiqici~ Hmnfmbshi nhcbmil nbmjim dfahlh~is

ximj ~hmjjh- Aimxic {bmnrnrc ~bqdisrc

{blimjjim Z[_ ciqbmi ilisim {bcbqeiim giqrs

dbmhmjjilcim cblriqji- _bghmjji dbqbci

abqcbsbd{i~im dbdablh eisi sbcs nh hmnrs~qhsbcs, nhdimi hmnrs~qh hmh simji~ drnig

nh~bdrcim-

Oiqi {bmjbs~hdishim cblfd{fc hmh inilig ni~i

erdlig {blimjjim nhdisrccim cb lbdaiq cbqei

{qfjqid Bwobl- Ch~i ari~ `fqdi~ rm~rc

{bmjbs~hdishiim hmh nbmjim dbmjb~hc sbdri

{qf{hmsh ximj ini- Ciqbmi ni~i NCH Eiciq~i

ch~i dhlhch, sbghmjji ch~i izilh nbmjim dbmiqrg

imjci ~bqsbar~ {fshsh NCH Eiciq~i- Oiqi

dblicrcim bs~hdish hmh, sbdri {blimjjim

nhdisrccim cb nilid s{qbinsgbb~ rm~rc

Eiciq~i {ini {qfjqid Bwobl- _blimer~mxi ni{i~

nhgh~rmj erdlig {blimjjim [_ dililrh erdlig

{bqsbm~isb niqh {qhi nbzisi nh Eiciq~i- Imjci

hmh dbmobqdhmcim absiqmxi disilig hmnrs~qh

sbcs nh NCH Eiciq~i, ~b~i{h dbdabqhcim

jidaiqim {bqhlicr ximj dbmxhd{imj

{bmnrnrc cf~i NCH Eiciq~i- [inigil

[bmxiligjrmi eisi sbcs ~bqsbar~ arcim

sbdrimxi {bmjgrmh Eiciq~i ~b~i{h erji

{bmnrnrc niqh lihm nibqig-


24/54


Cblfd{fc ximj dbzichlh {blimjjim

Z[_ cinimj$cinimj nhdisrccim erji nilid

srqpbhlims GHP- Dhsilmxi ni~i sr{hq ~qrc nim

mblixim ximj {bqmig dbmjjrmicim eisi sbcs

~bqsbnhi nh ababqi{i {qf{hmsh- Midrm rm~rc

sbciqimj hmh, simji~ sbnhch~ srqpbhlims rm~rc

dbqbci-

[bmjborilhim ~bqni{i~ {ini s~rnh Z[_ nim

Mblixim ximj aiqr$aiqr hmh nhlicsimicim nh Ailh-

Niqh s~rnh hmh ~bqrmjci{ aigzi {qbpilbms GHP

rm~rc [_ sbabsiq : {bqsbm, sbnimjcim rm~rc

mblixim sbabsiq ;,: {bqsbm- _rqpbhlims hmh

nhlicrcim {ini mblixim ~im{i dbd{bqgi~hcim

i{icig dbqbci {bqmig dbmjjrmicim eisi sbcs

i~ir ~hnic- Ciqbmi aijh fqimj ximj dbdablh

eisi sbcs dbd{rmxih {blrimj ximj lbahg absiq

rm~rc ~bq{i{iq GHP, sbghmjji imjci ~bqsbar~

cbdrmjchmimmxi icim lbahg absiq ahli ximj

nhsrqpbh mblixim ximj dbmeinh {blimjjim [_-

^b~i{h ciqbmi gimxi ni~i hmh ximj ~bqsbnhi, dici

ni~i ~bqsbar~ icim ch~i jrmicim rm~rc

dbmjbsh~hdish {qbpilbms GHP rm~rc chlbm [_-

_bghmjji ni{i~ nh~iqhc cbshd{rlim aigzi

{qbpilbms GHP rm~rc {blimjjim inilig sbabsiq

99; niqh {qbpilbms GHP rm~rc Z[_- Dbmjhmji~

{qfailhlh~is ~bqcbmi GHP sbabsiq si~r {bq 1;;

grarmjim sbcs, dici imjci 99; ~bqsbar~ nh

i~is ni{i~ nh~bqhdi icil sbgi~ ciqbmi ~hmjci~

{bmjfai~im HD_ dishg cbohl rm~rc [_ nim

{blimjjim-

1 9[blimjjim Zim~i [bmeiei _bcs


25/54

[I_IMJIM ^B^I[[BLIMJJIM NIQH Z[_

Cbmi{i Cblfd{fc Hmh

^b q{ hlhg 6Gimxi sbnhch~ mbjiqi ximj sboiqi cgrsrs

dbdisrccim {isimjim ~b~i{ {blimjjim Z[_

cb nilid bs~hdish mishfmil- Gil hmh nhsbaiacim

aimxic mbjiqi ~hnic dbdisrccim {blimjjim

hmh {ini cblfd{fc abqbshcf ~hmjjh- Dbqbci lbahg

obmnbqrmj dbmjjrmicim bs~hdish zimh~i

{blimjjim clhmhc HD_, i~ir imjci {f{rlish

rdrd rm~rc dbmjbs~hdishcim cblfd{fc hmh-

Bs~hdish Hmnfmbshi ~hnic nhnisiqcim {ini

{bqhlicr qhshcf midrm lbahg dbmjiqig {ini

{f~bmshil ~bq{i{iqmxi ~bqgini{ GHP- [iqi hs~qh

niqh {qhi ximj {bqmig dbdablh liximim sbcs

abq{f~bmshil rm~rc ~bq{i{iq GHP arcim ciqbmi

{bqhlicr dbqbci ~b~i{h dblilrh {bqhlicr sridh

dbqbci- Nbmjim dbdisrccim {isimjim ~b~i{

{iqi {blimjjim Z[_ hmh ~bq{hsig niqh cblfd{fc

lihm nh nilid bs~hdish abqiq~h niqh `isb izil,b{hnbdh GHP nh Hmnfmbshi ~hnic nhai~ish

~bqgini{ hmnhphnr ximj abqhshcf-

_rdab q Ni~ i^hnic ini ni~i cgrsrs ximj ~bqsbnhi

dbmjbmih {isimjim ~b~i{ {blimjjim Z[_-

^b~i{h __[ ximj nhlicrcim {ini cblfd{fc {qhi

dbmxhmjci{cim aigzi sbaijihim {qhi ximj

dbdablh eisi sbcs niqh Z[_ ~bqmxi~i ~blig

dbmhcig i~ir {rmxi {isimjim ~b~i{- [qhi ximj

nhsrqpbh hmh dbqr{icim {blimjjim Z[_ cblis

qbmnig nim ~hnic dbmobqdhmcim {blimjjim

niqh Z[_ ~hnic limjsrmj-

[isimjim b ~ i{[b limjjim 5 Db ~fnbBs~hdish

[ini lbdaiqim cbqei {qfjqid Bwobl,

ni~i {qf{fqsh {blimjjim ximj dbmhcig i~ir

dbd{rmxih {isimjim ~b~i{ nhdisrccim- [qhi

ximj ~bqdisrc nilid __[ gimxi dbqr{icim{blimjjim Z[_ cblis qbmnig limjsrmj- [qf{fqsh

{qhi ximj ~blig dbmhcig ~inh ximj abqisil niqh

[isimjim b ~ i{ [blimjjim Niqh Z[_ 1?


26/54

CblbdigimCiqbmi bs~hdish hmh nhnisiqcim {ini

bs~hdish {blimjjim, dici cblbdigim bs~hdish

rm~rc cblfd{fc hmh sidi nbmjim ximj nhdhlhch

flbg bs~hdish {blimjjim- _blihm h~r, bs~hdish hmh

gimxi dbmobqdhmcim hs~qh i~ir {isimjim ~b~i{

{qhi ximj dbdablh eisi sbcs siei, arcim

{isimjim ~b~i{ lihmmxi ximj drmjchm erji ni{i~

~bq{i{iq GHP-

Bs~hdish [qbpilbms GHP^hnic ini ni~i {qbpilbms GHP ximj

~bqsbnhi rm~rc cblfd{fc hmh- Ch~i ni{i~

dbmjimjji{ aigzi HD_ {ini {isimjim

{blimjjim Z[_ lbahg qbmnig nhaimnhmjcim

1> [isimjim ^b~ i{ [blimjjim Niqh Z[_

__[ nhdisrccim rm~rc dbmjbs~hdish {isimjim

~b~i{ niqh {blimjjim Z[_ cblis aizig- I{iahli

ni~i __[ ~hnic ~bqsbnhi nh sri~r {qf{hmsh, dici

ni~i gishl __[ niqh {qf{hmsh ximj nhimjji{ {ilhmj

sidi ciqi~bqhs~hcmxi ni{i~ nhjrmicim- ^hnic

ini ni~i ximj ~bqsbnhi dbmjbmih s~i~rs

{bqcizhmim {iqi {blimjjim Z[_ ~hnic limjsrmj

cblis i~is- [qhi ximj did{r dbdaixiq giqji

lbahg digil cbdrmjchmim absiq abqisil niqh

cilimjim bcfmfdh nim sfshil ximj ~hmjjh- Ni{i~

nh{bqchqicim aigzi cbdrmjchmim absiq dbqbci

erji ~blig dbmhcig- _bghmjji ni{i~ nhisrdshcim

aigzi {qf{fqsh ximj srnig dbmhcig dbmeinh

lbahg absiq nilid dbmjbs~hdish {isimjim ~b~i{

{iqi {blimjjim Z[_ ~hnic limjsrmj ximj

abq{f~bmshil ~bq{i{iq GHP-

Niqh gishl {bqgh~rmjim ~bqni{i~ erdlig hs~qh nim

{isimjim ~b~i{ {blimjjim Z_[ rm~rc bs~hdish

ximj qbmnig sbabsiq > , 8 e r ~ i nim rm~rc

bs~hdish ximj ~hmjjh sbabsiq : ,? er ~ i ximj

abq{f~bmsh ~bq~rliq GHP sb~hi{ ~igrm nh

Hmnfmbshi-

nbmjim Z[_, sbghmjji cbdrmjchmim ~bq~rliq

HD_ erji lbahg cbohl rm~rc {isimjim chbm hmh-

Icim ~b~i{h, {blimjjim Z[_ ximj ~bqhm`bcsh

HD_ icim dblicrcim grarmjim sbcs ximj

abqrlimj$rlimj nbmjim {isimjimmxi 'eirg lbahg

aimxic `qbcrbmshmxi niqh Z[_(- Flbg ciqbmi

h~r {bmrliqim niqh {blimjjim cb {isimjim

~b~i{mxi hmh icim ~hmjjh erji- _bghmjji ni{i~

nhimjji{ aigzi {qbpilbms GHP rm~rc {isimjim

{blimjjim Z[_ hmh sbabsiq sb{bqsb{rlrg niqh

{qbpilbms GHP niqh {blimjjim Z[_-


27/54

ZIQHI


Ziqhi ximj erji dbmeril eisi sbcs srnig

lidi nhcbmil nh disxiqici~ Hmnfmbshi-Cblfd{fc hmh dbdabqh liximim sbcs fqil nim

imil cb{ini abqaijih dioid {qhi, nhdimi

cbaimxicim niqh dbqbci inilig gb~bqfsbcsril-

Ini sbaijhim ziqhi ~hnic dbmeril eisi sbcs-

Midrm aimxic erji ximj dblicrcim dbebmj

sidahl dbmoiqh limjjimim 'ahisimxi nh {hmjjhq

eilim i~ir ~idim$~idim( ximj nhcbmil nbmjim

ziqhi dbebmj- Cbaimxicim ziqhi dblicrcim

imil sbcs aijh limjjimimmxi- Midrm niqh{bmjidi~im, erdlig {bmxiligjrmiim cfmnfd

qbli~h` qbmnig, sbghmjji cblfd{fc hmh simji~

qbm~im ~bqgini{ GHP-

_rdab q Ni~ iIni sberdlig srdabq ni~i dbmjbmih

ziqhi nh Hmnfmbshi sb{bq~h Nb{sfs- _iximjmxi

ni~i ~bqsbar~ ~hnic dbdabnicim ziqhi dbebmjnbmjim ziqhi ~hnic dbebmj- Midrm ahli ch~i

Db ~fnb Bs~ hdishZiqhi 95 [b db ~iimNim [bmni`~iqim

Fqjimhsish ziqhi nim jix _qhcimnh nim

Jixi Mrsim~iqi dbd{rmxih ni~i erdlig jix

nh ababqi{i {qf{hmsh- Nb{sfs erji dbd{rmxih

ababqi{i ni~i ziqhi nh ababqi{i {qf{hmsh-

Ciqbmi dbdimj ~bqsbnhi, dici ch~i disrccimimjci hmh cb lbdaiq cbqei Bwobl-

1 2Ziqhi

lhgi~ ni~i {bdb~iim ximj ~bqsbnhi nilid

ababqi{i cf~i, erdlig ziqhi dbebmj ximj

nhgh~rmj nh ~bd{i~ rdrd ~hnic eirg abni

nhaimnhmj nbmjim erdlig ximj nhni`~iq flbg

Nb{sfs-

__[ ximj nhlicrcim ~bqgini{ ziqhi nh Eiciq~i,

_rqiaixi nim Ai~id ~igrm 1;;1 nim Ailh ~igrm

1;;; dbdabqhcim ch~i hm`fqdish ~bm~imj

{bqhlicr qhshcf dbqbci- __[ aijh {qhi ximj

dbmeinh {blimjjim Z[_ erji nh~imxi i{icig

dbqbci {bqmig dbdablh eisi sbcs nilid si~r

~igrm ~bqicghq-


28/54

Db ~fnb Bs~ hdish Ziqhi15 [bdb ~iim Nim

[bmni`~iqim

Nh ababqi{i ~bd{i~ nh dimi ~hnic inini~i ziqhi, erdlig ziqhi ni{i~ nhgh~rmj

abqnisiqcim erdlig {blimjjim-

_baijihdimi nhsbar~cim, ni~i __[ ximj

nhlicrcim rm~rc {qhi ni{i~ nh{icih rm~rc erji

rm~rc cb{bqlrim bs~hdish cblfd{fc lihm- Rm~rc

ni~i ~bqsbar~ ni{i~ ch~i {bqflbg hm`fqdish~bm~imj abqi{i absiq {qf{fqsh {blimjjim {qhi

[_ '[[_( ximj {bqmig dbmni{i~cim liximim

eisi imil sbcs niqh ziqhi niqh {qf{hmsh ~bq~bm~r-

[qf{fqsh hmh ni{i~ nhjrmicim rm~rc bs~hdish

erdlig {blimjjim ziqhi ximj dblicrcim imil

sbcs- Ni~i hmh nhjrmicim rm~rc bs~hdish qbmnig-

Ziqhi ximj nhzizimoiqih nilid s~rnh crilh~i~h`

nh Eiciq~i, dbmjrmjci{cim aigzi dbqbci erji

dbd{rmxih {blimjjim ximj cgrsrs ziqhi siei,nim ~hnic {bqmig abqgrarmjim sbcs nbmjim

Z[_- Gil hmh icim dbmhmjci~cim erdlig

{blimjjim sboiqi cbsblrqrgim- Rm~rc

dbmni{i~cim bs~hdish ~hmjjh, ch~i ~idaigcim

{qf{fqsh rm~rc dbmjgh~rmj erdlig {blimjjim

ximj ~hnic {bqmig abqgrarmjim sbcs nbmjim

Z[_, ~b~i{h dbdhlhg {isimjim ziqhi siei-

_bnimjcim rm~rc dbmjb~igrh erdlig {blimjjim

ziqhi ximj sbsrmjjrgmxi, ch~i ~idaigcimsbabsiq ?; 2; {bqsbm ~bqgini{ imjci bs~hdish

ximj ~blig nh{bqflbg-

Ni~i ~bm~imj erdlig crmermjim {blimjjim cb

ziqhi dblicrcim imil sbcs i~ir liximim sbcs

lihmmxi ~hnic ini- Flbg ciqbmi h~r {bqlr

nhlicrcim {bqgh~rmjim- [qhi ximj dbmeinh

{blimjjim niqh Z[_ nim ziqhi nhnrji dbdablh

eisi imil sbcs niqh ziqhi sbabsiq sb~bmjig niqh

dbqbci ximj dbmni{i~ liximim Z[_- Ziqhi

niqh Cblfd{fc _qhcimnh dbmjrmjci{cim aigzi

Ziqhi Bs~ hdi~ bs Hm ^gbMi~ hfmil Bs~ hdi~ bs

_{qbinsgbb~sEilimmxi bs~hdish ni{i~ ch~i ari~

nbmjim dbmjjrmicim lbdaiq cbqei {qfjqid

Bwobl sbaijih abqhcr~ 5

[hlhgim ximj {bq~idi inilig dbmjjrmicim

ni~i niqh _qhcimnh nim Jixi Mrsim~iqi- Ciqbmi

ni~i ~bqsbar~ crqimj lbmjci{, dici ch~i

jrmicim ni~i niqh Nb{sfs sbaijih {hlhgim

cbnri- I{iahli ~hnic ~bqsbnhi ni~i niqh

fqjimhsish ziqhi nh i~is i~ir Nb{sfs dici

db~fnb bs~hdish ximj cbnri icim nhjrmicim-

10 Ziqhi

cblfd{fc ziqhi ximj gimxi abqgrarmjim

nbmjim ziqhi siei eirg lbahg sbqhmj ahsi

sid{ih sbcilh sbdhmjjr- Rm~rc ni{i~ bs~hdisherdlig crmermjim {blimjjim cb ziqhi, ch~i

{icih qi~i$qi~i crmermjim {bq ~igrm niqh sbdri

{blimjjim ziqhi- Imjci ~bqsbar~ nhcilhcim

nbmjim erdlig {blimjjim ximj ~blig nhbs~hdish

rm~rc ni{i~ erdlig ~qimsicsh sbcs imil im~iqi

ziqhi nim {blimjjimmxi nilid sb~igrm-

Ni~i __[ dbmrmerccim erdlig qi~i$qi~i

{blimjjim ximj dblicrcim imil sbcs {bq

dhmjjr ni{i~ ch~i cb~igrh niqh ziqhi nh Eiciq~i

{ini sii~ bs~hdish hmh nhlicrcim sbabsiq 1,2 {bq

dhmjjr- _qhcimnh erji dbli{fqcim aigzi

cbaimxicim ziqhi abcbqei sb{imeimj ~igrm nim

gimxi idahl 1 cilh hs~hqigi~ sblidi 1 dhmjjr

sb~igrm- Nbmjim ci~i lihm, ziqhi dbebmj

abcbqei sblidi >7 dhmjjr {bq ~igrm, nim qi~i$

qi~i 91; ~qimsicsh imil sbcs {bq si~r {blimjjim

sb~hi{ ~igrm- Erdlig ~qimsicsh sbcs rm~rc

{blimjjim 'rm~rc bs~hdish ~hmjjh nim bs~hdish

qbmnig( cbdrnhim nhaijh 91; rm~rc

dbmni{i~cim bs~hdish ~hmjjh nim qbmnig rm~rc

ziqhi-


29/54

1 :Ziqhi

_boiqi cbsblrqrgim db~fnb nh i~is dbdabqhcim

gishl bs~hdish rm~rc qbmnig sbabsiq :-7;; nim

rm~rc bs~hdish ~hmjjh sbabsiq 9>-:;; ziqhi ximj

sboiqi ic~h` dblicrcim dbebmj nh Hmnfmbshi~igrm 1;;1-

Cblbdigim

Db~fnb {bq~idi qbli~h` ofofc ciqbmi

ni~i ximj ~bqsbnhi niqh _qhcimnh nim Jixi

Mrsim~iqi ximj ~blig dbmni~i ziqhi nh ababqi{i

cf~i- Db~fnb ximj cbnri lbahg lbdig- _blihm h~r

ch~i ~hnic dbmjb~igrh sboiqi eblis nh {hgic dimicblfd{fc {qhi ximj nh srqpbh dblilrh __[ ximj

drmjchm sbaijih {blimjjim ziqhi- Ababqi{i

gil ximj {bm~hmj sb{bq~h erdlig ~qimsicsh {bq

{blimjjim sb~hi{ ~igrm ~hnic ~bqsbnhi nim

sbgiqrsmxi giqrs nhbs~hdish-


Nh ababqi{i cf~i absiq, srqpbhlims~bqgini{ ziqhi srnig nhlicrcim, midrm

cbjhi~im ~bqsbar~ ~hnic nhlicrcim ababqi{i

~igrm ~bqicghq- Cborilh srqpbh qimnfd ximj

nhlicrcim {bq~bmjigim ~igrm 1;;1 hmh nh Eiciq~i

dbmxhmjci{cim aigzi {qbpilbmsh GHP rm~rc

ziqhi sbabqiq 19,: {bqsbm-

_bghmjji ch~i {bqchqicim aigzi ziqhi nh Eiciq~i

dbd{rmxih {qbpilbms GHP ximj {ilhmj ~hmjjh

rm~rc cblfd{fc ximj sidi nh Hmnfmbshi-

Bs~hdish {qbpilbms GHP nh nibqig lihm icim

nhgh~rmj nbmjim dbmjjrmicim hm`fqdish niqh

fqjimhsish ziqhi, dhsilmxi dblilrh dfahlh~is

ziqhi i~ir {blimjjimmxi, nim erji dbd{bq$

~hdaimjcim {bqpilbms GHP nh cblfd{fc lihm nh

{qf{hmsh ~bqsbar~-


30/54

[BLIMJJIM [QHINIQH ZIQHI [_


[qbpilbms GHP simji~ ~hmjjh rm~rc ziqhi-

_id{ih sii~ hmh, dishg ini ababqi{i fqimj ximj

dbmjimjji{ aigzi cblfd{fc ziqhi icim

dbmrliqh cblfd{fc ziqhi siei, ciqbmi ~hnic

aimxic abqgrarmjim sbcs nbmjim cblfd{fc

lihm- ^b~i{h ni~i __[ dbmrmerccim aigzi ziqhi

dblilrcim grarmjim sbcs arcim gimxi im~iqi

dbqbci siei ~b~i{h erji nbmjim cblfd{fc lihm-

Hmh abqiq~h aigzi ~hmjjhmxi imjci hm`bcsh GHP{ini ziqhi ni{i~ dbmrliqcim cblfd{fc lihm

erji- Gishl {bmblh~him crilh~i~h` nim __[ ~bqai~is

dbmjhmnhcishcim aigzi aimxic {blimjjim ziqhi

inilig erji {qhi gb~bqfsbcsril ximj ~blig

dbmhcig nim dbd{rmxih {isimjim zimh~i-

_rdab q Ni~ i_rdabq ni~i rm~rc bs~hdish erdlig {qhi

sbaijih {blimjjim ziqhi sidi nbmjim srdabq

ni~i rm~rc bs~hdish ziqhi-

Db ~fnb Bs~ hdish[blimjjim Ziqhi 95Ab qisil Niqh Bs~ hdishZiqhi

Ciqbmi ziqhi oiqi db~fnb 9 srnig

nhgh~rmj nh i~is, bs~hdish rm~rc {blimjjim ziqhi

ni{i~ nhlicrcim nbmjim oiqi ximj sidi rm~rc

bs~hdish {blimjjim Z[_- Erdlig ~qimsicsh imil

ximj nhli{fqcim rm~rc sb~hi{ ziqhi {bq dhmjjr

nhcilhcim nbmjim erdlig dhmjjr dbqbci

abcbqei nilid sb~igrm nim erdlig ziqhi ximj

~blig nhbs~hdishcim- [bqgh~rmjim hmh icim

dbmjgishlcim erdlig ~f~il ~qimsicsh imil {bq

~igrm- Cbdrnhim gishlmxi nhaijh ~bqgini{

erdlig qi~i$qi~i sbfqimj {blimjjim dbdablh

eisi imil sbcs niqh ziqhi nh nilid si~r ~igrm-

Imjci erdlig qi~i$qi~i sbfqimj {blimjjim

dbdablh eisi sbcs imil ni{i~ nh{bqflbg niqh

erdlig {blimjjim ximj ~blig nhbs~hdishcim-

18[blimjjim [qhi Niqh Ziqhi [_


31/54

Db ~fnb Bs~ hdish[blimjjim Ziqhi 15

Abqisil Niqh Ni~i __[

Ciqbmi ni~i bs~hdish erdlig ziqhi

limjsrmj ~hnic ini nh sbdri {qf{hmsh, dici

erdl ig {blimjjim nhbs~hdish sbablrd

dbmjbs~hdish erdlig ziqhi sbmnhqh, sbaijih

dimi nhebliscim {ini Db~fnb 1 nh i~is-

_boiqi cbsblrqrgim, cbnri db~fnb hmh

dbmjgishlcim bs~hdish qbmnig sbabsiq 9:?-;;;

{blimjjim nim rm~rc bs~hdish ~hmjjh ? > ; - ; ; ;

{blimjjim nh sblrqrg Hmnfmbshi ~igrm 1;;1-

CblbdigimBs~hdish nh i~is dbd{rmxih cblbdigim

ximj sidi nbmjim bs~hdish ziqhi- _blihm h~r,

ciqbmi aimxic {qhi ximj erji dbmeinh {blimjjim

Z[_ dici ini cbdrmjchmim nhgh~rmj lbahg niqhsbcilh- Nbmjim ci~i lihm, {qhi ximj nhgh~rmj

nilid bs~hdish hmh sbaijih {blimjjim ziqhi,

drmjchm erji icim nhgh~rmj {ini bs~hdish

{blimjjim ziqhi-

[qbpilbms GHPRm~rc {blimjjim ziqhi, ni~i erji ~hnic

~bqsbnhi- Dbmjhmji~ sbcs imil dbd{rmxih qbli~h`

lbahg absiq qbshcf {bmrliqim GHP nim ciqbmi

HD_ {ini cblfd{fc ziqhi simji~ ~hmjjh, ni{i~

ch~i {bqchqicim aigzi ziqhi dbd{rmxih imjci

ximj qbli~h` ~hmjjh ~bq~rliq GHP- Imjci {qbpilbms

GHP rm~rc {blimjjim ziqhi nhshd{rlcim 92

niqh {qbpilbms GHP rm~rc ziqhi-

? ; [blimjjim [qhi Niqh Ziqhi [_


32/54

[I_IMJIM ^B^I[ZIQHI

Cbmi{i Cblfd{fc Hmh

^b q{ hlhg 6[bsbq~i ximj dbzichlh ziqhi nilid

{bq~bdrim bs~hdish mishfmil hmh dbmebliscim

aigzi aimxic ziqhi ximj dbmeril eisi sbcs i~ir

dbmoiqh sboiqi ic~h` {isimjim sbcs nh ~bd{i~$

~bd{i~ rdrd dbd{rmxih {isimjim ~b~i{-

[isimjim ~b~i{ hmh nh{bqlicrcim sbaijih

sridh- Ciqbmi sbcs imil nbmjim {isimjim

~bqsbar~ dbqr{icim gil ximj ahisi aijh dbqbci

nim ciqbmi {qbpilbms GHP nh cblfd{fc ziqhi

~hmjjh dici {isimjim ~b~i{ ziqhi hmh nhnrji

~bq~rliq GHP orcr{ ~hmjjh erji-

_rdab q Ni~ i[ini sii~ {bq~bdrim bs~hdish hmh

abqlimjsrmj, __[ ~bqgini{ ziqhi sbnimj

abqlimjsrmj nh Eiciq~i- [bq~imxiim nilid __[

~bqsbar~ ~bqdisrc {isimjim ~b~i{ ziqhi-

[isimjim ^b~i{ Ziqhi,

Db ~fnb Bs~ hdishRm~rc dbmjbs~hdish erdlig {isimjim

~b~i{ ziqhi, erdlig ziqhi ximj ~blig bs~hdish

sbablrdmxi nh ~hi{ {qf{hmsh nhcilhcim nbmjim

{bqsbm~ish ziqhi ximj nhsrqpbh nh ~bd{i~ dbebmj

ximj dbli{fqcim aigzi dbqbci dbd{rmxih

{isimjim ~b~i{- _b~blig nhgh~rmj erdlig

bs~hdish ximj nh{bqflbg inilig im~iqi 1-9;;

nim > - ; ; ; {isimjim ~b~i{ ziqhi nh Hmnfmbshi-

CblbdigimNhsid{hmj nhnisiqcim {ini bs~hdish

ziqhi, sbghmjji db~fnb hm h dbd{rmxih

cblbdigim ximj sidi nbmjim ximj nhdhlhch

db~fnb bs~hdish ziqhi- Bs~hdish hmh erji

nhnisiqcim niqh gishl srqpbh ~rmjjil ximj

nh~bqi{cim rm~rc sblrqrg {qf{hmsh- Nh cbdrnhim

giqh, __[ niqh lfcish lihm icim dbmxbnhicim

? 9[isimjim b ~ i{ Ziqhi


33/54

?1 [isimjim b ~ i{ Ziqhi

ni~i ximj lbahg lbmjci{ sbghmjji {bqgh~rmjim

bs~hdish {isimjim ~b~i{ ziqhi mim~hmxi icim

lbahg icrqi~-

Bs~hdish [qbpilbms GHP_baijhim absiq ziqhi ximj dbd{rmxih

{isimjim ~b~i{ dbmji~icim dblicrcim sbcs imil

n b mj im {is imj immxi- Ni~i c r il h ~i~ h `

dbd{bqlhgi~cim aigzi {isimjim dbqbci hmh

ahisimxi abqlimjsrmj lidi- _bghmjji imjci HD_

xim j si mj i~ ~hm jj h nh im~ iq i ziq hi ici m

dbdabqhcim cfm~qhahsh {bmxbaiqim GHP ximj~hmjjh {rli- Absiqmxi {qbpilbms GHP {ini {isimjim

~b~i{ ziqhi ni{i~ nhshd{rlcim sbabsiq sb~bmjig

niqh {qbpilbms GHP {ini ziqhi-


34/54

[QHI [BME IE I _BC_'[[_(


Ababqi{i ~igrm ~bqicghq hmh, hmnrs~qh

sbcs rm~rc {qhi drmorl nh ci~fcf~i absiq nh

Hmnfmbshi- [qhi hmh ahisimxi dbmxbnhicim eisi

sbcs imil rm~rc {blimjjim dbqbci- Dbmjhmji~

{bdicihim cfmnfd nh im~iqi dbqbci simji~

qbmnig, dici nhnrji ~hmjci~ qhshcf ~bq~rliq GHP

{ini cblfd{fc hmh ~hmjjh-

_rdab q Ni~ i_imji~ sbnhch~ ni~i ximj ini dbmjbmih

[[_- _rdabq r~idi ni~i ximj ini abqisiq niqh

L_D abqjbqic nilid cblfd{fc jix nim [[_-

[bdb~iim cblfd{fc ~bqsbar~ ~blig nhlicsimicim

nh ababqi{i cf~i nh Hmnfmbshi-

[[_ Db ~fnb Bs~ hdishBs~hdish erdlig [[_ ni{i~ nh{bqflbg

niqh L_D ximj ~blig ~bqlhai~ limjsrmj nilid

{bmni~iim nim {bdb~iim ziqhi- Ni~i ~bqsbar~nhcrd{rlcim flbg Jixi Mrsim~iqi- Ni~i lihm

Cblbdigim

Ciqbmi erdlig [[_ nh{bqflbg nbmjimoiqi sbmsrs limjsrmj nh ababqi{i cf~i absiq,

dici bs~hdish [[_ hmh simji~ icrqi~- ^b~i{h

sbmsrs ximj nhlicrcim arcim nh sbdri cf~i,

sbghmjji [[_ ximj ini nh cf~i$cf~i lihm ~hnic

~bqgh~rmj- Icim ~b~i{h ni{i~ nhsiniqh aigzi

imjci niqh sbmsrs ~bqsbar~ dbqr{icim imjci

dhmhdil erdlig [[_ ini nh Hmnfmbshi- _bghmjji

rm~rc dbmhmjci~cim cbicrqishim bs~hdish

cblfd{fc hmh, nhgiqi{cim sbdichm [[_ nhni~inh sbdri cf~i absiq nh disi dbmni~imj-

??[qhi [bmeiei _bcs '[[_(

ni{i~ nh{bqflbg niqh __[ ximj nhlicrcim nh nri

cf~i-

_babmiqmxi ~hnic ini ~bd{i~ ximj nhimjji{

qbsdh rm~rc dbmjb~igrh cbabqiniim [[_ nh

Hmnfmbshi- _bghmjji ~hnic ini isrdsh nim{bqchqiim cisiq ~bqgini{ erdlig dbqbci-

_b~blig nhinicim {bqgh~rmj nbmjim

dbmjjrmicim db~fnb {bmni~iim limjsrmj

dici erdlig bs~hdish cblfd{fc hmh sbabsiq

1-9;; nim 1-8;; [[_ nhsblrqrg Hmnfmbshi-


35/54


[ini sii~ {qfsbs bs~hdish nhlicrcim,

ni~i {qbpilbmsh GHP rm~rc [[_ nh{bqflbg niqh

s~rnh qimnfd ~bqgini{ [[_ nh ababqi{i {im~h

{hei~ nh Eiciq~i ximj nhlicrcim Ermh 1;;1-

^hmjci~ cfm`hnbms ximj nhjrmicim rm~rc ni~i

hmh inilig bs~hdish qbmnig nim ~hmjjh rm~rc cf~i

Eiciq~i- _bnimjcim [[_ nh cf~i lihmmxi

rdrdmxi lbahg qbmnig ~bq{i{iq GHP sbghmjji

{qbpilbms GHP$mxi erji nhimjji{ lbahg qbmnig

erji-

?> [qhi [bmeiei _bcs '[[_(


36/54

[I_IMJIM ZIMH INIQH [[_


Nilid __[ ximj nhlicrcim nh Eiciq~i

~bqlhgi~ eblis aigzi aimxic [[_ erji sbaijih

gb~bqfsbcsril- [qhi sb{bq~h hmh simji~ absiq

cbdrmjchmimmxi ~bq{i{iq GHP- _baijhim [[_

ximj dbmeril sbcs ~bqgini{ {qhi hmh dbd{rmxih

hs~qh i~ir {isimjim ~b~i{- _bghmjji {isimjim

dbqbci hmh abqbshcf erji ~bq~rliq GHP- Zilir{rm

erdlig dbqbci ~bqjflfmj cbohl, zimh~i {isimjim

[[_ hmh dbmjjidaiqcim aigzi {i{iqim

'bw{fsrqb( ~bqgini{ GHP nh Hmnfmbshi ~hnic

~bqai~is gimxi {ini cblfd{fc abq{bqhlicr qhshcf

~hmjjh ximj ni{i~ nhhnbm~h`hcish sboiqi eblis siei-

_rdab q Ni~ iNi~i ximj ~bqsbnhi rm~rc {isimjim

zimh~i niqh [[_ gimxilig hm`fqdish niqh __[

ximj nhlicrcim cb{ini {im~h {hei~ [[_ nh

Eiciq~i-

[isimjim Zim h~i Niq h[[_5 Db ~fnb Bs~ hdish

Niqh __[ ximj nhlicsimicim nh Eiciq~i,

>; {bqsbm niqh [[_ dbli{fqcim dblicrcim

grarmjim sbcs nbmjim {isimjim zimh~i

'rdrdmxi hs~qh i~ir {ioiq( nilid si~r ~igrm

~bqicghq- Erdlig hmh nhcilhcim nbmjim erdlig

[[_ ximj ~blig nhbs~hdish sbablrdmxi nh

sblrqrg Hmnfmbshi- Nbmjim {bqgh~rmjim hmh ch~i

dbmni{i~ gishl bs~hdish rm~rc erdlig zimh~i

{isimjim [[_ sbabsiq im~iqi 9-;;; nim9->;;-

CblbdigimNh sid{hmj nhnisiqcim {ini bs~hdish

[[_, sbghmjji cblbdigim bs~hdish [[_ erji

sidi nbmjim cblbdigim bs~hdish {isimjim

zimh~i niqh [[_- Gil hmh nhciqbmicim bs~hdish

ximj nhlicrcim gimxi niqh __[ nh Eiciq~i rm~rc

nh~bqi{cim cb sblrqrg {qf{hmsh- Nh sid{hmj h~r,

__[ ~bqsbar~ gimxi nhlicrcim ~bqgini{ [[_ nh

{im~h {hei~ siei, sbdbm~iqi bs~hdish rm~rc zimh~i

? 2[isimjim Zimh ~i Niqh [[_


37/54

?0 [isimjim Zimh ~i Niqh [[_

{isimjim niqh [[_ dbmoicr{ [[_ niqh aiq$aiq,

~bd{i~$~bd{i~ {blixiqim nim lihm$lihm- [inigil

{qhi${qhi ~bqsbar~ ahsi siei lbahg cbohl i~ir lbahg

absiq erdligmxi ximj dbdhlhch {isimjim zimh~i

niqh {ini {bqsbm~ish ximj nh{bqflbg niqh {im~h

{hei~ ~bqsbar~- __[ rm~rc [_ ~blig nhlicrcim nh

nri cf~i lihm, icim ~b~i{h ni~i ximj nh{bqflbg

aiqr ahsi nhjrmicim rm~rc bs~hdish ~igrm

dbmni~imj-


Ciqbmi ni~i ximj ini ~hnic ~bqsbnhi

rm~rc {isimjim zimh~i niqh [[_ hmh, {qfaiahlh~is

{bmrliqim GHP ximj nhjrmicim ni{i~ erji

nh~bqi{cim rm~rc dbmjbs~hdish erdlig

{isimjim zimh~i [[_- [qbpilbms GHP rm~rc

{isimjim zimh~i [[_ hmh sbabsiq 99; niqh

{qbpilbmsh GHP {ini [[_-


38/54

CBLFD[FC LIHM NIQH

[QHI ABQGRARMJIM

_BC_ NBMJIM [QHI

Cb mi{i Db qb ci Hcr~ 6

Bs~hdish ximj nhlicrcim {ini ~igrm

1;;9 ~hnic sboiqi eblis dbdisrccim {bmrliqim

GHP niqh {qhi cb {qhi- _beic bs~hdish ~bqsbar~

nhari~, dichm aimxic hm`fqdish ximj ~bqsbnhi

dbmjbmih {bqhlicr abqhshcf- _bciqimj hmh sboiqi

eblis nhsiniqh aigzi {bqhlicr abqhshcf hmh arcim

nhai~ish {ini ziqhi i~ir [[_ siei ~b~i{h erji

~bqdisrc {qhi ximj dblicrcim grarmjim sbcs

nbmjim {qhi- Gfdfsbcsrilh~is dishg simji~

~bq~r~r{ aijh qicxi~ Hmnfmbshi- ^b~i{h icghq$

icghq hmh zieig jix nh ababqi{i cf~i absiq

srnig drmorl cb {bqdrciim- Nh sid{hmj h~r,

ch~i ~igr nbmjim eblis aigzi ini sberdlig {qhi

dblicrcim grarmjim sbcs nbmjim {qhi

'~bqdisrc [[_( zilir cbabqiniim dbqbci ~hnic

sboiqi ~bqarci-

_bcs imil nhcb~igrh sbaijih {bmrliqim GHP ximj

simji~ ~hmjjh- Ciqbmi sbciqimj hmh GHP ~hnic

ni{i~ nhiaihcim abjh~r siei, dici {qhi ximjdblicrcim sbcs imil nbmjim {qhi lihm simji~

abq{f~bmsh ~bq~rliq phqrs IHN_- Rm~rc cblfd{fc

_rdab q Ni~ i

Ni~i dbmjbmih sbcs im~iqi {qhi nh

disxiqici~ rdrd simji~ ~bqai~is- Niqh s~rnh

ximj nhlicsimicim aiqr$aiqr hmh ~bqgini{ GHP,

sh`hlhs nim {bqhlicr qhshcf nh im~iqi D _D nh

Eiciq~i dbdabqh ababqi{i {b~rmerc absiqmxi

disilig jix ximj ~bqarci nh Ai~id nim

_rqiaixi- _~rnh nh Eiciq~i hmh erji dblhai~cim

aimxic {bmblh~h dblilrh hm~bqmb~ nbmjim oiqi

ogi~~hmj ~bqgini{ {qhi ximj dbmjhmjhmcim

hn b m ~ h ~ is m xi n hs b d a r m xhc im n i l id

abqcfdrmhcish nbmjim {qhi ximj dbmoiqh

Cblfd{fc Lihm Niqh [qhi Abqgrarmjim _bcs Nbmjim [qhi ? :

lihm niqh [qhi dblicrcim grarmjim sbcs

nbmjim {qhi dbqr{icim {qhi gfdbsbcsril

sbcilhjrs gb~bqfsbcsril, nhdimi dbqbci hmh~hnic dbmeril eisi sbcs- [blimjjim niqh [[_

~bqdisrc nilid cblfd{fc hmh- _bcs nbmjim

ziqhi ~hnic nhimjji{ {qhi nbmjim {qhi nh

Hmnfmbshi sbghmjji ~hnic icim ~bqeinh nr{lhcish

nbmjim {blimjjim ziqhi nilid {bqgh~rmjim

bs~hdish mim~h-


39/54

Db~fnb Bs~hdish D_D

^hnic ni{i~ nh{rmjchqh, sbcs im~iqi {qhi

nbmjim {qhi ini nh sblrqrg Hmnfmbshi

sbaijihdimi erji ~bqeinh nh sblrqrg nrmhi- Ni~i

ximj ~bqsbnhi simji~ sbnhch~ ~b~i{h arcim ~hnic

drmjchm rm~rc dblicicrim bs~hdish nisiq

~bqgini{ ni~i i~ir hm`fqdish ximj sbqr{i ximj

ini-

_bghmjji, bs~hdish nhari~ ~bqgini{ nisiq ximj

sbnbqgimi siei nbmjim oiqi dbmjgh~rmj

{qf{fqsh cblfd{fc {qhi nbmjim {bqhlicr sbcs

sbebmhs- RMIHN_ dbmjbs~hdish aigzi nh mbjiqi$

mbjiqi dier sbaimxic 2 $ 9; {bqsbm {qhi ~bqcih~

nbmjim {bqhlicr sbcs sbebmhs, sbnimjcim nh

cizisim Ishi$[ish`hc sbabsiq ?$2 {bqsbm- Nh

nilid nhscrsh ximj abqcbdaimj, L_D ximjabqjbqic nh ahnimj jix nim {bsbq~i lihm

dbmji~icim aigzi nh Hmnfmbshi sbcs {qhi

nbmjim {qhi '~hnic ~bqdisrc sbcs nbmjim ziqhi(

dbd{rmxih s~hjdi ximj eirg lbahg absiq niqh

mbjiqi$mbjiqi lihm- _bghmjji {qf{fqsh {qhi ximj

dbd{rmxih gisqi~ gfdfsbcsril hmh ~hnic ~bqlilr

abqabni nbmjim mbjiqi lihm- b~i{h ciqbmi sfshil

arnixi dishg ~hnic dbmnrcrmj sbcs im~iqi {qhi

nh Hmnfmbshi, dici ahsi nhisrd{shcim aigziaimxic {qhi ximj dbd{rmxih gisqi~

? 7 Cblfd{fc Lihm Niqh [qhi Abqgrarmjim _bcs Nbmjim [qhi

{isimjim {qhi- Icim ~b~i{h ~hnic ini niqh srdabq

hmh ximj dbdabqh jidaiqim ximj sbd{rqmi

dbmjbmih sbcs im~iqi {qhi ximj ~blig

dbmxhmjci{cim hnbm~h~ismxi-

__[ ~bqgini{ cblfd{fc {qhi ximj dbd{rmxih

dfahlh~is ~hmjjh '~blig nhebliscim {blimjjim

Z[_ nh i~is( dbmimxicim ababqi{i {bq~imxiim

~bm~imj sbcs im~iqi {qhi nh ~hji lfcish-

_rdabq ni~i lihm ximj ~bqsbnhi inilig bs~hdish

qbjhfmil ~bqgini{ {qbpilbmsh sbcs {qhi nbmjim

{qhi ximj nhari~ flbg hms~h~rsh hm~bqmi~hfmil

sb{bq~h RMIHN_-

gfdfsbcsril ~hnic dbd{qic~bccim {bqhlicr

~bqsbar~-

Ciqbmi absiqmxi s~hjdi ~bqgini{ cblfd{fc

sbcs {qhi nbmjim {qhi, fqjimhsish ximj abqjbqic

nh ahnimj jix dbqisi simji~ abqilisim ahli

bs~hdish cblfd{fc hmh qbmnig im~iqi 9$? niqh

9;; {qhi-

Bs~hdish qbmnig hmh dbd{rmxih isrdsh aigzi

gimxi 9 {bqsbm {qhi rshi 92$>8 ~igrm

abqgrarmjim sbcs nbmjim {qhi, sbdbm~iqi

bs~hdish ~hmjjh dbd{bqchqicim ini ? {bqsbm-

Flbg ciqbmi h~r bs~hdish {qhi dblicrcim

grarmjim sbcs nbmjim {qhi sbabsiq im~iqi

2 : 2 - ; ; ; nim 9 ,: er ~ i {qhi ~igrm 1;;1-

Cblbdigim

Bs~hdish hmh drmjchm ximj {ilhmj ~hnic

ni{i~ nh{bqoixi rm~rc bs~hdish 1;;1 hmh- Nh

sid{hmj h~r {bmni~iim niqh jix ~bqarci ximj

srci {bqjh cb aiq$aiq jix nim ~bd{i~$~bd{i~

{blixiqim nh Eiciq~i 'im~iqi 1-;;; ?-;;;

fqimj( , ~ hnic ~bqsbnhi ximj ni{i~

dbmjhmnhcishcim cbicrqi~im isrdsh ximj

nhlicrcim ~bqgini{ erdlig sbcs {qhi nbmjim

{qhi- _bghmjji simji~ dbqijrcim cilir _CQ^

ni{i~ dbmxhmjci{cim disilig hmh nh sid{hmj

ciqbmi srsig rm~rc nhrmjci{cim nim erji

digil- Nh nilid __[ ~bqgini{ {qhi abqbshcf

~hmjjh nh ? cf~i, dbmrmerccim ~hnic ini {qhi

ximj dblicrcim grarmjim sbcs nbmjim {qhi

{ini si~r ~igrm ~bqicghq- Zilir{rm nbdhchim,

aimxic {qhi {bcbqei sbcs dbmji~icim aigzi

dbqbci dbliximh {blimjjim {qhi ximj

ciqic~bqhs~hc sfshf$nbdfjqi`h sidi nbmjim

qbs{fmnbm __[ ~bqsbar~-


40/54

Bs~hdish [qbpilbms GHPNi~i {qbpilbms GHP {ini {qhi ximj

abqgrarmjim sbcs nbmjim {qhi abqisil niqh s~rnh

qimnfd arlim Ermh 1;;1 nh Eiciq~i ~bqgini{

{qhi ximj nh aiq$aiq, clra$clra, ~idim$~idim

nim lfcish {blixiqim lihmmxi nhdimi jix

abqcrd{rl- Ciqbmi jix ~bqsbar~ abqini sboiqi

~bqarci sbghmjji dbqbci abqcbsbd{i~im ximj

absiq rm~rc abq~rciq {isimjim- Gil hmh

dbdari~ cbdrmjchmim ~bq{i{iq ~bqgini{ GHP

absiq- [qbpilbms GHP rm~rc bs~hdish qbmnig

sbabsiq 9> niqh {qbpilbms GHP rm~rc bs~hdish

~hmjjh ximj nh{bqflbg niqh gishl s~rnh- Cblfd{fc

D_D nh nibqig lihm sboiqi rdrd nhshd{rlcim

~bq{i{iq GHP lbahg qbmnig nhaimnhmj nbmjim

nh Eiciq~i-

?8Cblfd{fc Lihm Niqh [qhi Abqgrarmjim _bcs Nbmjim [qhi


41/54

MIQI[HNIMI


_rqpbhlims sbm~hmbl nh {bmeiqi ~blig

dbmoi~i~ {bq~rdargim GHP ximj simji~ ob{i~

nh ababqi{i cf~i nh Hmnfmbshi nilid 1 ~igrm

~bqicghq hmh- Isrdsh izil drmjchm

dbmobqdhmcim {bmhmjci~im {qbpilbms GHP nh

im~iqi {bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc ximj

nh~imjci{- Midrm {bmhmjci~im {qbpilbms hmh

simji~ ~ieid ximj iq~hmxi {bmrliqim h~r sbmnhqh

abqi{i nh {bmeiqi h~r sbmnhqh- _baijihdimi ch~i

cb~igrh abqsidi aigzi sbcs nhim~iqi {qhi

~bqeinh erji nh {bmeiqi, nim ababqi{i miqi{hnimi

erji dishg dbmxiligjrmicim mi{ui srm~hc

sblidi nh nilid {bmeiqi- Fqimj nbmjim

sbablrdmxi ~hnic ini {bqhlicr ~bq{i{iq GHP

ni{i~ dbmeinh abq{bqhlicr qhshcf sblidi nh

nilid {bmeiqi- Nbmjim ci~i lihm, fqimj

drmjchm icim ~bq{i{iq GHP ~hnic ciqbmi

{bqhlicr sbablrdmxi, ~b~i{h ciqbmi `ic~i sii~

h~r dbqbci ini nh {bmeiqi- Rm~rc ilisim hmh,

dbdisrccim miqi{hnimi sbaijih silig si~r

cblfd{fc ximj ~bq{i{iq GHP-

_rdab q Ni~ iOi~i~im {bmeiqi ximj abqisil niqh

Nb{iq~bdbm Cbgichdim nim GID-

Miqi{hnimi5 Db ~fnbBs~hdish

[ini sii~ {bdari~im bs~hdish mi~hfmil

hmh, erdlig ~f~il miqi{hnimi ghmjji _b{~bdabq

1;;1 gid{hq :> -;;; fqimj- _iximjmxi, imjci

{bq {qf{hmsh ~hnic ~bqsbnhi- ^b~i{h Nb{iq~bdbm

h~r dbd{rmxih ni~i miqi{hnimi rm~rc

~imjci{im cgrsrs 'ximj ~bqdisrc nh nilidmxi

cqhdhmil ximj abqgrarmjim nbmjim fai~ nim

erji ximj dbmjimoid cbidimim mishfmil(-

B s ~ h d i s h { q f { h m s h n h a r i ~ n b m j i m

dbmjilfcishcim erdlig ~f~il miqi{hnimi cb

{qf{hmsh cb nilid qishf ximj sidi sbaijihdimi

ximj nhoi~i~ nilid ni~i ~imjci{im cgrsrs-

Miqi{hnimi > 9


42/54

CblbdigimBs~hdish hmh nhnisiqcim niqh erdlig

miqi{hnimi nhdimi ni~i mishfiml simji~ lixicnh{bqoixi- _iximjmxi imjci {qf{hmsh ~hnic

~bqsbnhi- Nhgiqi{cim rm~rc cbjhi~im bs~hdish

nh disi dbmni~imj, erdlig miqi{hnimi {bq

{qf{hmsh icim nh{bqflbg- _bdbm~iqi h~r, sbaijhim

miqi{hnimi ~blig abq{bqhlicr abqhshcf ~hmjjh

sbablrd disrc {bmeiqi- _bghmjji drmjchm

dbqbci ~blig nhgh~rmj {ini bs~hdish

{bmxiligjrmi mi{ui srm~hc- Gil hmh

dbmxbaiacim inimxi gh~rmjim jimni aijhdbqbci ximj ~bq{i{iq GHP-

Bs~hdish [qbpilbms GHPAbabqi{i {qf{hmsh dbdisrccim {bmeiqi

sbaijih lfcish srqpbhlims sbmh~mbl- Ahli ni~i

~bqsbnhi, sb~hi{ {qf{hmsh icim dbmjbs~hdishcim

{qbpilbms GHP rm~rc miqi{hnimi nh {qf{hmsh

~bqsbar~- Midrm ahli ni~i ~hnic ~bqsbnhi, nrjiimximj {ilhmj aijrs nhari~ abqnisiqcim {qbpilbms

nisiq nh {qf{hmsh ~bqsbar~ nim {bmjb~igrim s~i`

srqpbhlims-

> 1 Miqi{hnimi


43/54

IMIC E ILIMIM

_rdab q Ni~ iIni nri srdabq ni~i r~idi imic$imic

eilimim nh Hmnfmbshi- Ximj {bq~idi inilig

{bmni~iim Nb{sfs- Ni~i hmh ~bqsbnhi nh ababqi{i

{qf{hmsh ~igrm 1;;9 nim 1;;1- Ximj cbnri

inilig {bdb~iim nim {bmi`shqim ximj nhlicrcim


Hms~h~rsh {bdbqhm~ig nim L_D simji~

{qhgi~hm ~bqgini{ misha imic$imic eilimim nh

cf~i$cf~i nh Hmnfmbshi- Imic$imic ~bqsbar~

dbdhlhch cbghnr{im ximj ~hnic ~bqi~rq sbghmjji

simji~ drnig ~bq{i{iq ~bqgini{ GHP ichai~

{bqhlicr qhshcf ~hmjjh nim imoidim cbcbqisim

~bqdisrc cbcbqisim sbcs- _ii~ hmh ~hnic ini

ni~i ximj eblis abqi{i absiqmxi imoidim GHP

{ini dbqbci- ^b~i{h simji~ {bm~hmj nh{hchqcim

oiqi rm~rc dbmjizish cbobmnbqrmjim

{bmhmjci~im GHP niqh zic~r cb zic~r, nim

dbmeiji cbidimim nim cbsbgi~im sbcs imic$

imic eilimim {ini ijbmni mishfmil-

Imic Eilimim5 Db ~fnbBs~hdish

Ni~i ximj ~bqsbnhi niqh Nb{sfs nim

_ip b ~gb Oghlnqbm nhaijh {bq {qf{hmsh- Imjci

ximj lbahg ~hmjjh niqh ximj lihmmxi nhjrmicim

sbaijih erdlig imic eilimim ximj icim

nhbs~hdish- Rm~rc {qf{hmsh nhdimi ni~i ~hnic

~bqsbnhi, isrdsh ~hnic nhari~- Bs~hdish rm~rc

imic eilimim hmh ~hnic dbmoicr{ i~ir

dbdisrccim sbdri {qf{hmsh- _boiqi

cbsblrqrgim ini :;-8;; imic eilimim

nh{bqchqicim ghnr{ nh cf~i$cf~i nh Hmnfmbshi-

flbg L_D ximj nhcrd{rlcim flbg s~i` _ipb ~gb

Oghlnqbm R_- [bmi`shqim L_D ~bqsbar~ ~bqdisrc

ni~i {bqhlicr ~bqdisrc hm`fqdish ~bm~imj sbcs

nim cfmsrdsh fai~- _i~r sbqfsrqpbh rm~rc imic

eilimim {bq mig nhlicrcim nh Eiciq~i-

Imic Eilimim > ?


44/54

CblbdigimNi{i~ nhshd{rlcim aigzi nh sb~hi{ cf~i

nh Hmnfmbshi ~bqni{i~ imic eilimim- Midrm

nbdhchim nh ababqi{i {qf{hmsh ni~i hmh ~hnic

~bqsbnhi- _blihm h~r, bs~hdish rm~rc {qf{hmsh lidi

ni{i~ nhaijh sboiqi inhl erdlig imic eilimim

im~iqi {qf{hmsh ximj lidi nbmjim ximj aiqr-


Ni~i {qbpilbms GHP ximj ~bqsbnhi rm~rc

imic eilimim abqisil niqh srqpbh imic eilimimnh Eiciq~i ximj nhlicsimicim flbg Lh~aimjcbs

~igrm 1;;;- ^hnic ini ximj nhli{fqcim imic

eilimim ximj ~bq~rliq GHP sii~ h~r, zilir{rm

ini sbaijhim ximj ~bqhm`bcsh HD_- __[ {ini

imic eilimim dbmxhd{rlcim aigzi ~hmjci~

ic~h`h~is sbcs nh im~iqi dbqbci simji~ qbmnig

'sbabsiq > 8 {bqsbm niqh dbqbci {bqmig

dblicrcim grarmjim sbcs(- Nri `ic~i hmh

dbmxbaiacim {bqgh~rmjim erdlig ximj ~bq~rliqGHP qbmnig- _bghmjji nhisrdshcim aigzi

{qbpilbms GHP sbabsiq im~iqi ; ;-9 {bqsbm

imic eilimim sb{imeimj ~igrm 1;;1-

> > Imic Eilimim


45/54

GI_HL

Lbdaiq cbqei ximj nh~ihl rm~rc sb~hi{

{qf{hmsh ~bqsbnhi nh Nb{iq~bdbm Cbsbgi~im,

Nh~ebm [[D & [L, _ranh~ IHN_ nim [D_-

^iabl abqhcr~ dbdabqhcim qhmjcisim gishl$gishl

crmoh {ini {qfsbs bs~hdish GHP sboiqi mishfmil

rm~rc ~hji cblfd{fc r~idi xih~r5 [bmxiligjrmi

mi{ui srm~hc, Z[_ nim {blimjjim {qhi niqh Z[_-

Gishl > 2


46/54

> 0 Gishl

Bs~hdish Bs~hdish Qi~i$qi~i [qbpilbms [qbpilbms Qi~i$qi~i Qi~i$qi~iQb mnig ^hmjjh Qb mnig ^hmjjh

AB_IQ CBLFD[FC XIMJ NHB_^HDI_H [QBPILBM_ GHP GI_HL B_^HDI_H FGNI

982-28:

9>7-02>

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8-272 -9;?

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98-1?2-1??

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0-99? -7??

9-9>8 -7;8

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9-971

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120->77

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90:

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28

99;-7;;

91?-7>8

8>-912

98?-1?>

0-728 ->;1

>-8?> ->7:

2:>-8;>

1-9;;

881

:-7?9

9:?-;2;

1-917

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:;-7:1

91-:89-:7?

[bmxiligjrmi Mi{ui

_rm~hc

Mfm$HNR

[iq~mbqs f` HNR

Z[_

[blimjjim Z[_

[blimjjim ^b~i { Z[_

Ji x

[[_

[isimjim Zimh ~i [[_

Ziqhi

[blimjjim Ziqhi

[isimjim ^b~i{ Ziqhi

Miqi{hnimi

Imic E i limim

^f~il


47/54

> :Gishl

[f{rlishQbshcfLbahg^hmjjh

Bs~hdish

Bs~hdish

Qbmnig'"(

^hmjjh'"(

Qbmnig

Qbm

nig$

^hmjjh$

^hmjjh$

Qi~i$Qi~i

Qbmnig

^hmjjh

Qbm

nig

^hmjjh

Qbmnig

^hmjjh

[bmxiligjrmimi{uisrm~hc

Absiq[

f{rlish

Bs~hdish[qbpilbmsGHP

Bs~hdi

dish[bmxiligjrmiMi{ui[fs

h~h`GHP&IHN_

Iobg

_rdi~

qiR~iqi

_rdi~

qiAiqi~

Qhir

Eidah

_rdi~

qi_bli~im

Abmjcrlr

EiziAiqi~

Lid{r

mj

AimjciAblh~rmj

Eiciq~

i

Aim~bm

Eizi^bmjig

Ef