40
BAB V
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan
Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian gel ekstrak kulit buah manggis (Garcinia
mangostana L) adalah:
1. Variasi konsentrasi gelling agent CMC-Na dan tragakan pada pembuatan gel
ekstrak kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) tidak memberikan
pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap mutu fisik gel ekstrak kulit buah manggis.
ketiga formula menghasilkan mutu fisik gel yang baik.
2. Formula terbaik dari formulasi Gelling agent CMC-Na dan tragakan pada
pembuatan gel ekstrak kulit buah manggis berdasarkan uji mutu fisik: daya
lekat, daya sebar dan viskositas adalah formula pertama dengan menggunakan
CMC-Na.
B. Saran
Saran yang di dapat dari hasil penelitian gel ekstrak kulit buah manggis
(Garcinia mangostana L) adalah:
1. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai uji anti inflamasi
penyembuhan luka bakar dari gel ekstrak kulit buah manggis (Garcinia
mangostana L).
2. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai uji pelepasn zat aktif dari gel
ekstrak kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) dengan variasi gelling
agent CMC-Na dan tragakan.
41
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
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Forms and Drug Delivery System, 8 edition, 415, Lipincott Wiliams and
Wilkins, USA.
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Ansel, H. 2008. Pengantar Bentuk Sediaan Farmasi, Universitas Indonesia Press,
Jakarta.
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Indonesia. Diterjemahkan oleh Ibrahim F, Edisi ke IV.
Ansel, H.C., 1989. Pengantar Bentuk Sediaan Farmasi, diterjemahkan oleh
Farida Ibrahim, Cetakan I, Universitas Indonesia Press. Jakarta. Hlm 376,
519.
Ansel, Howard C. 1989. Pengantar Bentuk Sediaan Farmasi. Edisi IV, Jakarta
Universitas Indonesia Press hal. 390-391.
Aponno, J.V, Yamlean, P.V.Y. & Supriati, H.S., 2014. Uji Efektivitas Sediaan
Gel Ekstrak Etanol daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava Linn) Terhadap
Penyembuhan Luka yang Terinfeksi Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada
Kelinci (Orytolagus cuniculus)., Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 3(3), pp.279-286.
Arrisandi, D.N.S. 2009.Pengaruh Basis Gel Poloxamer dan Karbopol Terhadap
Penyembuhan Luka Bakar Gel Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Wortel (Daucus
carota L.) pada Kulit Punggung Kelinci. Skrispsi. Tidak diterbitkan.,
Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Atmadja G.S. 2006. Pengembangan Produk Pangan Berbahan Dasar Jagung
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Republik Indonesia: Jakarta. Hlm5-26.
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Republik Indonesia: Jakarta.Hlm 69.
Depkes RI. 1995. Materia Medica Indonesia. Jilid VI. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal
Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan.
42
Harborne, J.B., 1987, Metode Fitokimia Penuntun Cara Modern Menganalisis
Tumbuhan, Edisi II, diterjemahkan oleh Kosasih Padmawinata dan Iwang
Soedira, 5, 69-76, ITB Press, Bandung.
Jose Pedraza-Choverri, Rodriguez.N.C, Ibarra M.O, Jazmin M, & Rojas Peres.
2008. Review Medical Properties of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana).
Food and Toxicology. 46:3227-3239.
Khare, 2007. Indian Medicinal Plants, Springer Science and Business Media,
New York.
Kusuma, Fauzi R dan Zaky Muhammad. 2012. Seputar Tanaman Herbal
Indonesia. Semarang.
Lieberman, A.H., Rieger, M.M., dan Banker S.G., 1998. Pharmaceutical Dosage
Forms: Disperse System, 2nd
Ed., Revised and Expanded, 3, 265-267,
272-273, Marcell Dekker, Inc., New York.
Lieberman, H.A., Lachman, L., and Schwartz , J.R, 1996. Pharmaceutical Dosage
Forms: Tablet’s, 2nd
Ed, Vol 2, New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc, 195-245.
Lieberman, Rieger and Banker. 1989. Pharmaceutical Dosage Froms: Disperse
System. Vol.2, New York: Marcel Dekker Inc.
Maitaningsih D. 2015. Formulasi dan Uji Mutu Gel Ekstrak Daun Ubi Jalar
(Ipomoea batalas L.) dengan Variasi CMC-Na dan Carbopol 940. [KTI].
Surakarta: Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Setia Budi.
Mappa T, Horsea J, Novel K. 2013. Formulasi Gel Ekstrak Daun Sasaladahan
(Peperomia pellucida L.) dan Uji Aktivitasnya Terhadap Luka Bakar
Pada Kelinci (Orytolagus cuniculus).
Maulana, Lena., Sugihartini, Nining., 2015. Formulasi Gel Ekstrak Etanol Kulit
Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) Dengan Variasi Gelling Agent
Sebagai Sediaan Luka Bakar. Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Ahmad
Dahlan Yogyakarta. Pharmaciana Vol.5. No.1,43-52.
Nugroho, A., 2007, Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.): From Discarded-Fruit
Hull to be A Candidate for A Drug, Gadjah Mada University
Pharmacology Lab, 1-7.
Panjaitan EN, Awaludin S, Djendakita P. 2012. Formulasi Gel dari Ekstrak
Rimpang Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Roscoe).
Pena, L.E. 1990. Gel Dosage Froms: Theory, Formulation, and Processing, in
Osborne, D.W., Amann, A.H., (Eds), Topical Drug Delivery Formulation,
381-387, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
Prihatman, K. 2000, Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.), Kantor Deputi
Menegristek Bidang Pendayagunaan dan Pemasyarakatan Ilmu
Pengetahuan dan Teknologi BPP Teknologi. Jakarta.
43
Rowe, R.C., Sheskey, P.J., and Quinn, M.E., 2009, Handbook of Pharmaceutical
Excipients, 6th edition, Pharmaceutical Press and American Pharmacists
Association, Washington D.C., pp. 118-121, 592-594.
Sargowo, D., Senorita, A., dan Widodo, A, 2007, Peranan Ekstrak Kulit Manggis
dalam Penurunan Kadar TNF-ɑ dan IL-1 pada Dislipidemia,
Departemen Kardiologi FK UB, 1-10.
Sativa O, Yuliet, Evi S. 2014. Uji Ativitas Antiinflamasi Gel Ekstrak Tanaman
Kaktus (Opuntia elatior Mill).
Setyarini, H. 2011. Uji Daya Antiinflamasi Gel Ekstrak Etanol Jahe 10%
(Zingiber officinale Roscoe) yang diberikan Topikal terhadap Udem Kaki
tikus yang diinduksi Karagenin [SKRIPSI]. Surakarta: Fakultas Farmasi,
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Supiyanti, W., Wulansari, E.D., & Kusmita, L., 2010, Uji Aktivitas Penangkap
radikal dan Penentuan Kandungan Antosianin Total Kulit Buah Manggis
(Garcinia mangostana L.). 2: 64-70.
Suratman, Sumiwi, S.A., dan Gozali, A.D., 1996, Pengaruh Ekstrak Antanan
dalam Bentuk Sediaan Salep, Krim, Jelly terhadap Penyembuhan Luka
Bakar, CDK, 108: 31-38.
Swarbick, J. dan J. Boylan, 1989, Gel dan Jellies, in Encyclopedia of
Pharmaceutical Technology, vol. 6, Marcell Dekker Inc., New York.
Voight, R., 1984, Buku Pelajaran Teknologi Farmasi, Ed. IV, 204, diterjemahkan
oleh Soendani Noerono Soewandhi, disunting oleh Sambudi R., UGM
Press, Yogyakarta.
Voight R., 1994. Buku Pelajaran Tekhnologi Farmasi Edisi V. Soedani Nugroho
Suwandi, penerjemah: Samhudi R, editor. Yogyakarta: Universitas
Gadjah Mada Press. Hal 370 , 398-434. Terjemahan dari: Textbook of
Pharmaceutical Technology Edition V.
44
LAMPIRAN
45
Lampiran 1. Hasil Determinasi
46
Lampiran 2. Perhitungan rendemen ekstrak kulit buah manggis
Rendemen ekstrak kulit buah manggis
Berat gelas = 145,764 g
Berat gelas+Ekstrak = 200 g
Ekstrak kulit buah manggis = 54, 236 g
Rumus %100serbukbobot
ekstrakbobot x
Persentase rendemen = %100700
54,236x
= 7,748%
47
Lampiran 3. Perhitungan bahan pembuatan gel ekstrak kulit buah manggis
Ekstrak kulit buah manggis 2100100
2 X g
Basis gel = Total gel - ekstrak kulit buah manggis
= 100 g - 2g
= 98 g
a. Formula 1
Bahan Formula (g) Perhitungan (g) Penimbangan (g)
Ekstrak kulit buah
manggis
2
2
CMC-Na 1
4,9
Tragakan - - -
Gliserin 2
9,8
propilenglikol 1
4,9
Metil paraben 0,03 03,0
20
98x
0,147
Aquadest ad 20 ad 100 ad 100
100100
2x
120
98x
220
98x
120
98x
48
b. Formula 2
Bahan Formula (g) Perhitungan (g) Penimbangan (g)
Ekstrak kulit buah
manggis
2 100
100
2x
2
CMC-Na 0,5
2,45
Tragakan 0,5
2,45
Gliserin 2
9,8
Propilenglikol 1
4,9
Metil paraben 0,03 03,0
20
98x
0,147
Aquadest ad ad 20 ad 100 ad 100
c. Formula 3
Bahan Formula (g) Perhitungan (g) Penimbangan (g)
Ekstrak kulit buah
manggis 2
100100
2x
2
CMC-Na - - -
Tragakan 1 1
20
98x
4,9
Gliserin 2 2
20
98x
9,8
Propilenglikol 1 1
20
98x
4,9
Metil paraben 0,03 03,0
20
98x
0,147
Aquadest ad ad 20 ad 100 ad 100
5,020
98x
5,020
98x
220
98x
120
98x
49
Lampiran 4. Data hasil uji viskositas gel ekstrak kulit buah manggis
viskositas
formula Penyimpanan
Minggu 1 Minggu 2 Minggu 3
F1 290 295 300 290 310 300 300 300 300
F2 280 280 310 290 285 285 290 280 300
F3 285 285 300 285 300 300 290 290 300
Lampiran 5. Data hasil uji daya lekat gel ekstrak kulit buah manggis
Minggu 1
Daya lekat (detik) Replikasi
1 2 3
F1 12:57 12:30 12:58
F2 10:59 10:21 09:55
F3 11:46 10:60 10:45
Minggu 2
Daya lekat (detik) Replikasi
1 2 3
F1 11:56 12:23 12:46
F2 11:25 11:36 11:15
F3 11:51 11:27 10:60
Minggu 3
Daya lekat (detik) Replikasi
1 2 3
F1 11:58 12:45 12:55
F2 11.30 09:45 09:28
F3 11:46 10:31 10:59
50
Lampiran 6. Data hasil uji daya sebar gel ekstrak kulit buah manggis
Minggu 1
Formula Beban (gram) Replikasi
1 2 3
1
50 2,3 2,1 2,5
100 2,5 2,5 2,7
150 2,8 2,7 2,8
200 3,1 3,3 3,3
250 3,6 3,4 3.7
2
50 2,6 2,4 2,6
100 3,1 2,9 2,9
150 3,4 3,3 3,4
200 3,7 3,6 3,8
250 3,8 3,8 3,5
3
50 2,7 2,3 2,8
100 3,0 3,0 3,3
150 3,3 3,1 3,4
200 3,3 3,2 3,4
250 3,4 3,2 3,6
Minggu 2
Formula Beban (gram) Replikasi
1 2 3
1
50 2,4 2,2 2,4
100 2,4 2,4 2,3
150 2,7 2,8 2,6
200 3,0 3,1 3,3
250 3,2 3,2 3,1
2
50 2,9 2,7 2,6
100 3,0 3,0 2,9
150 3,2 3,3 3,5
200 3,4 3,6 3,8
250 3,6 3,8 3,7
3
50 2,6 2,4 2,5
100 2,9 3,0 3,0
150 3,2 3,1 3,3
200 3,4 3,2 3,5
250 3,5 3,2 3,5
51
Minggu 3
Formula Beban (gram) Replikasi
1 2 3
1
50 2,3 2,1 2,5
100 2,5 2,5 2,7
150 2,5 2,4 2,7
200 2,9 3,2 3,1
250 3,0 3,1 3.3
2
50 2,7 2,4 2,4
100 3,1 2,8 3,2
150 3,2 2,9 3,1
200 3,4 2,9 2,7
250 3,6 3,5 3,4
3
50 2,7 2,5 2,9
100 2,9 3,0 3,3
150 3,0 3,3 3,4
200 3,3 3,4 3,7
250 3,6 3,4 3,7
52
Lampiran 7. Uji statistik analisis anova satu jalan
1. Viskositas
NPar Tests Descriptive Statistics
N Mean Std
Devitation
Minimum Maximum
Viskositas
(dPas)
9 288.89 5.465 280 300
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
formula viskositas
N 9 9
Normal Parametersa,b
Mean 2.00 288.89
Std. Deviation .866 5.465
Most Extreme Differences
Absolute .209 .308
Positive .209 .308
Negative -.209 -.247
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z .628 .925
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .826 .359
a. Test distribution is Normal.
b. Calculated from data.
Oneway Descriptives
viskositas
N Mean Std. Deviation
Std.
Error
95% Confidence Interval
for Mean
Minimu
m
Maximu
m
Lower
Bound
Upper
Bound
formula 1 3 293.33 5.774 3.333 278.99 307.68 290 300
formula 2 3 286.67 5.774 3.333 272.32 301.01 280 290
formula 3 3 286.67 2.887 1.667 279.50 293.84 285 290
Total 9 288.89 5.465 1.822 284.69 293.09 280 300
Test of Homogeneity of Variances
viskositas Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig.
1.778 2 6 .248
53
ANOVA
viskositas
Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between Groups 88.889 2 44.444 1.778 .248
Within Groups 150.000 6 25.000
Total 238.889 8
Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons
Dependent Variable: viskositas Tukey HSD (I) formula (J) formula Mean
Difference (I-J)
Std. Error Sig. 95% Confidence Interval
Lower Bound Upper Bound
formula 1 formula 2 6.667 4.082 .304 -5.86 19.19
formula 3 6.667 4.082 .304 -5.86 19.19
formula 2 formula 1 -6.667 4.082 .304 -19.19 5.86
formula 3 .000 4.082 1.000 -12.53 12.53
formula 3 formula 1 -6.667 4.082 .304 -19.19 5.86
formula 2 .000 4.082 1.000 -12.53 12.53
Homogeneous Subsets viskositas
Tukey HSDa
formula N Subset for alpha = 0.05
1
formula 2 3 286.67
formula 3 3 286.67
formula 1 3 293.33
Sig. .304
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are
displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3,000.
2. Daya Sebar
NPar Tests Descriptive Statistics
N
Mean
Std
Devitation
Minimum
Maximum
daya sebar
(cm)
9 3.5444 .24037 3.00 3.80
54
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
formula viskositas
N 9 9
Normal Parametersa,b
Mean 2.00 288.89
Std. Deviation .866 5.465
Most Extreme Differences
Absolute .209 .308
Positive .209 .308
Negative -.209 -.247
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z .628 .925
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .826 .359
a. Test distribution is Normal.
b. Calculated from data.
Oneway Descriptives
Daya Sebar
N Mean Std. Deviation
Std.
Error
95% Confidence Interval
for Mean
Minimu
m
Maximu
m
Lower
Bound
Upper
Bound
formula 1 3 3.4667 .41633 .24037 2.4324 4.5009 3.00 3.80
formula 2 3 3.6667 .11547 .06667 3.3798 3.9535 3.60 3.80
formula 3 3 3.5000 .10000 .05774 3.2516 3.7484 3.40 3.60
Total 9 3.5444 .24037 .08012 3.3597 3.7292 3.00 3.80
Test of Homogeneity of Variances
Daya Sebar Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig.
4.989 2 6 .053
ANOVA
Daya Sebar
Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between Groups .069 2 .034 .525 .616
Within Groups .393 6 .066
Total .462 8
55
Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons
Dependent Variable: Daya Sebar Tukey HSD (I) formula (J) formula Mean
Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. 95% Confidence Interval
Lower Bound Upper Bound
formula 1 formula 2 -.20000 .20905 .628 -.8414 .4414
formula 3 -.03333 .20905 .986 -.6748 .6081
formula 2 formula 1 .20000 .20905 .628 -.4414 .8414
formula 3 .16667 .20905 .718 -.4748 .8081
formula 3 formula 1 .03333 .20905 .986 -.6081 .6748
formula 2 -.16667 .20905 .718 -.8081 .4748
Homogeneous Subsets Daya Sebar
Tukey HSDa
formula N Subset for alpha =
0.05
1
formula 1 3 3.4667
formula 3 3 3.5000
formula 2 3 3.6667
Sig. .628
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are
displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.
3. Daya Lekat
NPar Tests Descriptive Statistics
N
Mean
Std
Devitation
Minimum
Maximum
daya lekat
(detik)
9 11.4856 .51086 10.59 12.57
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
formula DL
N 9 9
Normal Parametersa,b
Mean 2.00 11.4856
Std. Deviation .866 .51086
Most Extreme Differences
Absolute .209 .316
Positive .209 .316
Negative -.209 -.211
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z .628 .947
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .826 .332
a. Test distribution is Normal.
b. Calculated from data.
56
Oneway Descriptives
DL
N Mean Std. Deviation
Std. Error
95% Confidence Interval for Mean
Minimum
Maximum
Lower Bound
Upper Bound
formula 1 3 11.9033 .57744 .33338 10.4689 13.3378 11.56 12.57
formula 2 3 11.0467 .39627 .22879 10.0623 12.0311 10.59 11.30
formula 3 3 11.5067 .04509 .02603 11.3947 11.6187 11.46 11.55
Total 9 11.4856 .51086 .17029 11.0929 11.8782 10.59 12.57
Test of Homogeneity of Variances DL
Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig.
7.138 2 6 .026
ANOVA DL
Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between Groups 1.103 2 .551 3.359 .105
Within Groups .985 6 .164 Total 2.088 8
Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons
Dependent Variable: DL Tukey HSD (I) formula (J) formula Mean
Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. 95% Confidence Interval
Lower Bound Upper Bound
formula 1 formula 2 .85667 .33082 .091 -.1584 1.8717
formula 3 .39667 .33082 .496 -.6184 1.4117
formula 2 formula 1 -.85667 .33082 .091 -1.8717 .1584
formula 3 -.46000 .33082 .403 -1.4751 .5551
formula 3 formula 1 -.39667 .33082 .496 -1.4117 .6184
formula 2 .46000 .33082 .403 -.5551 1.4751
57
Homogeneous Subsets DL
Tukey HSDa
formula N Subset for alpha
= 0.05
1
formula 2 3 11.0467
formula 3 3 11.5067
formula 1 3 11.9033
Sig. .091
Means for groups in homogeneous
subsets are displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size =
3,000.
Lampiran 8. Uji statistik independent T-test
1. Viskositas
1.1 formula 1
T-Test Group Statistics
minggu N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
viskositas 1.00 3 295.0000 5.00000 2.88675
3.00 3 300.0000 .00000 .00000
Independent Samples Test
Levene's
Test for
Equality of
Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig.
(2-taile
d)
Mean
Differenc
e
Std. Error
Difference
95% Confidence
Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
viskositas
Equal
variances
assumed
4.00
0
.116 -1.732 4 .158 -5.00000 2.88675 -13.01
491
3.01491
Equal
variances
not
assumed
-1.732 2.000 .225 -5.00000 2.88675 -17.42
069
7.42069
58
1.2 Formula 2
T-Test Group Statistics
minggu N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
viskositas 1.00 3 276.6667 5.77350 3.33333
3.00 3 290.0000 10.00000 5.77350
Independent Samples Test
Levene's
Test for
Equality of
Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig.
(2-taile
d)
Mean
Differenc
e
Std. Error
Difference
95% Confidence
Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
viskositas
Equal
variances
assumed
.400 .561 -2.00
0
4 .116 -13.3333
3
6.66667 -31.84297 5.17630
Equal
variances
not
assumed
-2.00
0
3.20
0
.134 -13.3333
3
6.66667 -33.81886 7.15219
1.3 formula 3
T-Test Group Statistics
minggu N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
viskositas 1.00 3 290.0000 8.66025 5.00000
3.00 3 293.3333 5.77350 3.33333
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test for
Equality of Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig. (2-taile
d)
Mean Differenc
e
Std. Error
Difference
95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
viskositas
Equal variances assumed
1.231
.329 -.555 4 .609 -3.33333 6.00925
-20.01769 13.35103
Equal variances not assumed
-.555 3.485 .613 -3.33333 6.00925
-21.03763 14.37096
59
2. Daya Sebar 2.1 Formula 1
T-Test Group Statistics
minggu N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
dayasebar 1.00 3 3.2333 .11547 .06667
3.00 3 3.0667 .15275 .08819
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test for
Equality of Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig. (2-tailed)
Mean Differen
ce
Std. Error
Difference
95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
dayasebar
Equal variances assumed
.235 .653 1.508 4 .206 .16667 .11055 -.14028 .47361
Equal variances not assumed
1.508 3.723 .211 .16667 .11055 -.14950 .48283
2.2 Formula 2
T-Test Group Statistics
minggu N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
dayasebar 1.00 3 3.7000 .10000 .05774
3.00 3 3.0000 .36056 .20817
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test for
Equality of Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig. (2-taile
d)
Mean Differen
ce
Std. Error Difference
95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
dayasebar
Equal variances assumed
4.500
.101 3.240
4 .032 .70000 .21602 .10022 1.29978
Equal variances not assumed
3.240
2.306
.069 .70000 .21602 -.12077
1.52077
60
2.3 Formula 3
T-Test Group Statistics
minggu N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
dayasebar 1.00 3 3.3000 .10000 .05774
3.00 3 2.9000 .20000 .11547
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test for Equality
of Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig. (2-taile
d)
Mean Differenc
e
Std. Error
Difference
95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
dayasebar
Equal variances assumed
.800 .422
3.098
4 .036 .40000 .12910 .04156 .75844
Equal variances not assumed
3.098
2.941 .055 .40000 .12910 -.01554
.81554
3. Daya Lekat
3.1 Formula 1
T-Test Group Statistics
minggu N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
dayalekat 1.00 3 12.4833 .15885 .09171
3.00 3 12.1933 .53351 .30802
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test for
Equality of Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig.
t df Sig. (2-taile
d)
Mean Difference
Std. Error
Difference
95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
dayalekat
Equal variances assumed
6.722
.061
.902 4 .418 .29000 .32139 -.60231 1.18231
Equal variances not assumed
.902 2.352
.450 .29000 .32139 -.91232 1.49232
61
3.2 Formula 2
T-Test Group Statistics
minggu N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
dayalekat 1.00 3 10.1167 .52624 .30383
3.00 3 10.0100 1.12040 .64686
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test for
Equality of Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig. (2-tailed)
Mean Differenc
e
Std. Error
Difference
95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
dayalekat
Equal variances assumed
3.342
.142 .149
4 .889 .10667 .71466 -1.87756 2.09089
Equal variances not assumed
.149
2.841 .891 .10667 .71466 -2.24120 2.45453
3.3 Formula 3
T-Test Group Statistics
minggu N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
dayalekat 1.00 3 10.8367 .54501 .31466
3.00 3 10.7867 .59969 .34623
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test for
Equality of Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig. (2-tailed)
Mean Differenc
e
Std. Error
Difference
95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
dayalekat
Equal variances assumed
.035 .861 .107 4 .920 .05000 .46786 -1.24898 1.34898
Equal variances not assumed
.107 3.964
.920 .05000 .46786 -1.25364 1.35364
62
Lampiran 9. Gambar serbuk dan ekstrak kulit buah manggis
Serbuk kulit buah manggis
Ekstrak kulit buah manggis
63
Lampiran 10. Gambar gel ekstrak kulit buah manggis
Formula 1
Formula 2
Formula 3
64
Lampiran 11. Gambar alat pengujian ekstrak kulit buah manggis
Uji daya lekat Uji daya sebar
Stik pH Uji homogenitas
Uji viskositas
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