TAHAPAN-TAHAPAN DALAM PROSES PERENCANAAN
Oleh :DR. Ir. Firmansyah, MT.
JURUSAN TEKNIK PLANOLOGIUNIVERSITAS PASUNDAN
2
Pengertian inilah kemudian yang menjadi landasan dasar pengembangan proses perencanaan selanjutnya. Proses perencanaan yang pada hakekatnya berdasar kepada rangkaian tertutup ini kemudian berkembang sesuai dengan lingkup perencanaan yang dengan sendirinya pula sesuai dengan materi masukan (input), sumber daya dan teknologi yang dipakai di dalam pengembangan proses untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu.
ATAU
DATA SEBAGAI MASUKAN ( INPUT )
SINTESA SEBAGAI KELU ARAN OUTPUT
FAKTA ANALISIS PERENCANAAN
RENCANA
PROSES ANALISIS
UMPAN BALIK
( FEED BACK )
EVALUASI RENCANA
The system design planning process
Problem definition
Requirements for solutionGoals-Objectivities
Generation of alternativesData –methods-Forecast
Evaluation of alternatives
Selection of best alternatives
Implementation
Problem DefinitionMost important because it says that users with the present operation of the urban system (or expected to be dissatisfied if the process continues as observed) and want to see a better management of the functioning of the urban system in the future
Requirements for solution a broad step, encompasses several important stages requires understanding of urban system as it currently exists,
on-going process, never fully completed formulate goals and objectives for the urban system
Goals are broad in scope, whileObjectives more specific
Example :Goals to improve access and reduce congestionObjectives to provide express bus lanes and service in major
travel corridors.5 set of goals (John Levy) :1. Political goals2. Economic goals3. Social goals4. Environmental goals5. Redistributive goals
Generation of alternativesa set of alternative plans offering various courses of action should strongly reflect the goals and objectives from the previous step (2)
4.3 Teknik Analisis
4.3.1 Analisis Kesesuaian Lahan
1. Superimpose/Pertampalan Peta2. Buffering/Distance
1. Metoda Rank Size RulePr = P1/rqKeterangan :r = ranking / tingkatan kecamatan.Pr = jumlah penduduk kecamatan dgn ranking /tingkatan ke r.P1 = jumlah penduduk kecamatan terbesar (penduduk terbesar).q = merupakan pangkat yang biasanya mendekati 1.
2. Metoda Skalogram Guttman 3. Metoda Indeks Sentralitas Terbobot
4.3.2 Analisis Penentuan Pusat-pusat Pelayanan
1. Metoda Regresi Linear2. Metoda Bunga Berganda
4.3.3 Analisis Proyeksi Penduduk
A. Teknik Economic BaseB. Teknik Shift-share
4.3.4 Analisis Perekonomian
Analisis Sistem Pusat-Pusat Permukiman
4.3.5 Analisis Transportasi 1. Aksesibilitas2. Bangkitan Pergerakan (Trip Generation)3. Sebaran Pergerakan (Trip Distribution)4. Pemilihan Moda Transportasi (Modal Choice atau Modal Split)5. Pemilihan Rute (Route Choice atau Trip Assignment)
4.3.6 Analisis Kebutuhan Sarana dan Prasarana
1. Pedoman standar lingkungan permukiman kota (DPMB, DPU).2. Pedoman standar pembangunan perumahan sederhana (DPMB, DPU).
Evaluation of alternatives to ascertain what would happen if an alternative
were implemented sometimes, this is done by observing what has
happened in another city where such an alternative has already been tried out unique need professional judgement modelling
Selection of the best alternativesmethod : Benefit Cost Analysis (BCA) Planning Balance Sheet Goal Attainment Matrix
TERIMA KASIH
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