Uncontrolled when printed or emailed - Bases Conversion ...

Construction of Connector Road from MacArthur Highway to New

Clark City Airport Road

SECTION VI TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

(IN SEPARATE VOLUME)

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS AND SCOPE OF WORKS

The construction procedures shall be done in accordance with the DPWH Standard Specifications for Highways Bridges and Airports 2013 Edition, and in full compliance with the approved plans and specifications.

Pertinent notes appearing in the Contract Plans or Drawings shall also be considered as part and parcel of the technical specifications. Such notes shall take precedence over the General Specifications.

PART A

PARTB

PARTC

Item 100

Item 102

Item 103

Item 104

Item 105

PARTD

Item 200

PARTE

Item 311

PARTF

Item 404

Item 405

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FACILITIES FOR THE ENGINEER

OTHER GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

EARTHWORKS

Clearing and Grubbing

Excavation

Structure Excavation

Embankment from Site/from Source

Subgrade Preparation

SUBBASE AND BASE COURSE

Aggregate Subbase Course

SURFACE COURSES

Portland Cement Concrete Pavement (PCCP)

ROAD CONSTRUCTION

Reinforcing Steel

Structural Concrete

~!\·~Clark Development Corporation CONNECTOR ROAD FROM MACARTHUR HIGHWAY TO NEW CLARK CITY AIRPORT ROAD SECTION V. TECHNICAL SPECIACATIONS AND SCOPE OF WORKS

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PARTG

Item 500

Item 502

Item 509

PARTH

Item 600

Item 602

Item 603

Item 605

Item 607

Item 610

Item 612

PARTK

Section 16001

Section 16002

Item SPL-1

Item SPL-2

Item SPL-3

Item SPL-4

Item SPL-4 (2)

DRAINAGE AND SLOPE PROTECTION STRUCTURES

Pipe Culverts and Storm Drains

Manholes, Inlets and Catch Basins

Sheet Piles

MISCELLANEOUS STRUCTURES

Curb and/or Gutter

Monuments, Markers and Guide Posts

Guardrail

Road Signs

Reflective Pavement Studs

Sodding

Reflectorized Thermoplastic Pavement Markers

STREET LIGHTS AND AREA LIGHTINGS

Electrical Special Conditions

Scope of Works

Raceway and Boxes

Wires and Power Cables

Panel Boards

Luminaires and Accessories

Grounding System

~ .~.Jt clark Development Corporation CONNECTOR ROAD FROM MACARTHUR HIGHWAY TO NEW CLARK CITY AIRPORT ROAD SECTION V. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS AND SCOPE OF WORKS

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PART A - FACILITIES FOR ENGINEER

~ J!t,clarl< Development Corporation CONNECTOR ROAD FROM MACARTHUR HIGHWAY TO NEW CLARK CITY AIRPORT ROAD

SECTION V. SPEGAL CONDITTONS OF CONTRACT

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PART A - FACILITIES FOR THE ENGINEER

1.1. SCOPE OF WORK

This section shall include the equipment, materials and employee to the site; construction and maintenance of Engineer's staff house and compliance with the contract requirements, and provision for the health/safety and environmental protection during the entire project duration.

This section shall include the furnishing of labor, materials, transportation, tools, supplies, equipment and appurtenances to complete satisfactory the construction of the proposed project.

1.2. PROGRESS PHOTOGRAPHS

The Contractor shall provide record photographs taken as, when and where directed by the Engineer at intervals of not more than one month. The photographs shall be sufficient in number and location to record the exact progress of the Works. The Contractor shall provide one proof print of each photograph taken, and the negative and ten copies, not less than 254 mm x 203 mm and printed on glossy paper, of any of the photographs by the Engineer. The photographs retained by the Engineer will become the property of the Government and the Contractor shall supply approved albums to accommodate them. Two copies are to be signed by the Contractor, one of which will be signed by the Engineer and returned to the Contractor.

1.3. SERVICE VEHICLE

The Contractor shall provide within thirty (30) calendar days after notice to commence work, the vehide for exclusive use of the Engineer and Engineer's representative, payment of which shall be on a monthly basis.

The vehicle shall comply in all respects with all relevant Philippine national or local laws, statutes and regulations. All vehicles shall carry or be lifted with accessories as may be prescribed by laws and comprehensive insurance.

1.4. OFFICE EQUIPMENT

This shall include the furnishing of branded desktop computer, core i&HQ, 8th• Gen. with 32 GB RAM and 4GB Video Card (minimum). This shall also include licensed Operating System, licensed MS Office latest version, and licensed Autodesk AutoCAD latest version with a minimum of three (3) years subscription.

1.5. GENERAL OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

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The contractor shall produce and supply to the Engineer two (2) hard bound copies and two (2) disk copies (MS word and MS Excel) of an operation and maintenance manual within fifteen (15) days after the target completion date for the contract.

No separate payment to the Operation and Maintenance Manual as this is deemed to be included as incidental to other items of work.

1.6. AS-BUILT DRAWINGS

The Contractor shall produce and supply to the Engineer two (2) good hard copies of a full set of"As-built" drawings and one (1) reproducible medium in Mylar film at Al size. Provide electronic file (in PDF format) in USB flash drive. The Engineer may allow up to 15 days after target completion date for delivery of some of these drawings, but otherwise they shall be due on the completion date. These shall include correctly amended version of all Contract Drawings to freely and accurately describe the As-built condition of all elements of the project within the Contractor's scope of work, to the approval of the Engineer. All drawings shall be clearly marked "AS BUILT".

No separate payment for the As-built Drawings as this is deemed to be included as incidental to other items of work.

1.7. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT

1.7.1. Progress Photographs

This item consists of the supply of equipment and materials necessary to undertake photographic progress activities of the project and of all costs incidental to undertake the preparation and submission of photographs. The quantities for photographs shall be each photographs per month and provided as "Progress Photographs". Unit measurement and payment shall be "each".

1.7.2. Service Vehicle

The quantities for the provision of service vehicles, slightly used, for the Engineer and Engineer's Representative shall be the number of days the vehicle will be rented including comprehensive insurance of the vehicles.

Payment of which shall be on a rental basis C'Vehicle-Month'') from the date the Contractor is supplied with each type of vehicle until the completion of the project.

1.7 .3. Office Equipment

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Toe quantities for the provision of office equipment for the Engineer and Engineer's representative shall be the number of each type of office equipment supplied. This item shall be paid at the "each" price upon delivery of office equipment. And upon its approval/acceptance by the Engineer.

1.8. PAYMENT

Payment shall be made under the following pay items included in the Bill of Quantities. Such payments shall be full compensation for furnishing, maintaining and ensuring against loss of the facilities and equipment. The requirement of that ownership of facilities shall revert to the government shall not apply if such facilities are provided on rental basis under terms provided by the Procuring Entity.

For all work executed or goods materials, or services supplied by the Contractor under lump sum items, the quantities as determined above shall be paid for at the appropriate contract lump sum unit price as indicated in the Bid Schedule.

Pay Item Description Unit of Measurement

PART A FACILmES FOR THE ENGINEER

A (8) Progress Photographs each

A (10) Service Vehicle lot

A (11) Office Equipment each

1.9. COMPLIANCE WITH CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS

1.9.1. Control of on Site Construction

Prior to the start of any definable feature of work, the Contractor must perform the necessary inspection to include as follows:

a. Review of Contract Documents to ensure that the materials, equipment and products have been tested, submitted and approved.

b. Physical examination of materials and equipment to assure its conformity to the specifications, plans, and shop drawings and other data.

c. As soon as the work has been started, the Contractor shall conduct initial inspection to check and review the workmanship in compliance with the contract requirements

for a particular item of work.

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d. The contractor shall perform these inspections on a regular basis to assure

continuing compliance with the contract requirements until completion of a

particular type of work.

1.9.2. Preconstruction Meetings

Prior to the start of construction, Contractor's material men or vendors whose presence are

required, must attend preconstruction meetings as directed for the purposed of discussing

the execution of work.

1.9.3. Progress Meetings

Progress meeting shall be called upon by the following for the purpose of discussing the

implementation of the work.

When called upon by the Engineer for the purpose of discussing the execution of work

Contractor's material men whose presence is necessary or requested must attend progress

meetings. Each of such meeting shall be held at the time and place designated by the

Engineer. Decisions and instruction agreed on these meetings shall be binding and

conclusive on the contract. Minutes of meeting shall be recorded and reasonable number

of copies shall be furnished to the Contractor to the Contractor for distribution to various

materials men involved.

The Contractor may also call for a progress meeting for the purpose of coordinating,

expediting and scheduling of work. In such meeting, Contractor's material men whose

presence is necessary or requested to attend

1.9.4. Progress Reports

The Contractor shall faithfully prepare and submit progress reports to the Engineer every

thirty (30) days after the start of the project up to its completion, showing the work

completed, work remaining to be done, the status of construction equipment and materials

at the site.

1.9.5. Survey Data

The Contractor shall layout his work from established based lines and bench marks

indicated in the drawings and shall be responsible for all measurement in connection

therewith. The Contractor shall furnish, at his expense, all stakes, templates, platforms,

equipment, tools, materials and labors as may be required In laying out any part of the

work, out of established base lines and bench marks. It shall be the responsibility of the

Contractor to maintain and preserve all stakes and other marks until he authorized to

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remove them. If such marks are destroyed by the Contractor through his negligence prior

to the authorized removal, they shall be replaced at the expense of the Contractor.

1.9.6. Shop Drawings

The Contractor shall submit and furnish drawings and samples accompanied with

transmittal forms in accordance with the provisions of the Conditions of Contract. The term

"Shop Drawings" as used herein shall be understood to indude detailed design calculations,

construction drawings, lists, graphs, and others.

1.9.7. Cleaning -up

The Contractor shall at all times keep the construction area induding storage area used by

him free from accumulations of waste material or rubbish. Upon completion of construction,

the Contractor shall leave the work and premises in a clean, neat and workmanlike

conditions satisfactory to the Engineer.

1.9.8. Documents to be Submitted

The following documents shall be submitted by the Contractor to the Engineer prior to final

payment and before issuance of final certificate of payment in accordance with provisions

of the conditions of contract.

a. The guarantee required by the Conditions of Contract and any other extended

guarantees stated in the technical sections of specifications.

b. A set of As-Built drawings shall be submitted showing accurate record of changes

or deviations from the Contract Documents and the shop drawings indicating the

work as actually installed. Records shall be arranged in order, in accordance with

the various sections of the specifications and properly indexed with certifications

of endorsement thereof, that each of the revised print of the drawings and

specifications are complete and accurate. Prior to the application for final payment,

and as a condition to its approval by the Engineer, the Contractor shall deliver the

records, drawings, and specifications arranged on proper order, indexed and

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PART E - SURFACE COURSES

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ITEM 311 - PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT

311.1 DESCRIPTION

This Item shall consist of pavement of Portland Cement Concrete, with or without reinforcement, constructed on the prepared base in accordance with this Specification and in conformity with

lines, grades, thickness and typical cross-section shown on the Plans.

311.2 MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS

311.2.1 Portland Cement

It shall conform to the applicable requirements of AASHTO M85 (ASTM C150). Only Type I

Portland Cement shall be used unless otherwise provided for in the Special Provisions. Different brands or the same brands from different mills shall not be mixed nor shall they be used alternately unless the mix is approved by the Engineer. However, the use of Portland Pozzolan Cement Type

IP meeting the requirements of AASHTO M 240/ ASTM C 595, Specifications for Blended Hydraulic Cement shall be allowed, provided that trial mixes shall be done and that the mixes meet the concrete strength requirements, the AASHTO/ ASTM provisions pertinent to the use of Portland

Pozzolan Type IP shall be adopted.

Cement which for any reason, has become partially set or which contains lumps of caked cement will be rejected. Cement salvaged from discarded or used bags shall not be used. Samples of Cement shall be obtained in accordance with AASHTO T 127.

311.2.2 Fine Aggregate

It shall consist of natural sand, stone screenings or other inert materials with similar characteristics, or combinations thereof, having hard, strong and durable particles. Fine aggregate from different

sources of supply shall not be mixed or stored in the same pile nor used alternately in the same class of concrete without the approval of the Engineer.

It shall not contain more than three (3) mass percent of material passing the 0.075 mm (No. 200 sieve) by washing nor more than one (1) mass percent each of clay lumps or shale. Toe use of

beach sand will not be allowed without the approval of the Engineer.

If the fine aggregate is subjected to five (5) cycles of the sodium sulfate soundness test, the

weighted loss shall not exceed 10 mass percent.

Toe fine aggregate shall be free from injurious amounts of organic impurities. If subjected to the

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colo

rimat

ic te

st fo

r or

gani

c Im

purit

ies

and

a co

lor

dark

er th

an t

he s

tand

ard

Is pr

oduc

ed,

it sh

all b

e re

ject

ed.

How

ever

, w

hen

test

ed f

or t

he e

ffect

of

orga

nic

impu

ritie

s of

stre

ngth

of

mor

tar

by

AASH

TO T

71,

the

fine

agg

rega

te m

ay b

e us

ed i

f the

rel

ativ

e st

reng

th a

t 7 a

nd 2

8 da

ys is

not

less

th

an 9

5 m

ass

perc

ent.

The

fine

aggr

egat

e sh

all b

e w

ell-g

rade

d fro

m c

oars

e to

fin

e an

d sh

all c

onfo

rm t

o Ta

ble

311.

1

Tabl

e 3

11

.1-

Gra

ding

Req

uire

men

ts f

or F

ine

Agg

rega

te

Siev

e D

esig

natio

n M

ass

Per

cent

Pas

sing

9.5

mm

(3/

8 in

) 10

0

4.75

mm

(N

o. 4

) 95

-1

00

2.36

mm

(N

o. 8

) -

1.18

mm

(N

o. 1

6)

45

-80

0.60

mm

(N

o. 3

0)

-

0.30

mm

(N

o. S

O)

5-3

0

0.15

mm

(N

o. 1

00)

0-1

0

31

1.2

.3 C

oars

e A

gg

reg

ate

It s

hall

cons

ist

of c

rush

ed s

tone

, gr

avel

, bl

ast

furn

ace

slag

, or

oth

er a

ppro

ved

iner

t m

ater

ials

of

sim

ilar c

hara

cter

istic

s, o

r co

mbi

natio

ns th

ereo

f, ha

ving

har

d, s

trong

, du

rabl

e pi

eces

and

fre

e fro

m

any

adhe

rent

coa

tings

.

It s

hall

cont

ain

not m

ore

than

one

(1)

mas

s pe

rcen

t of m

ater

ial p

assi

ng t

he 0

.075

mm

(N

o. 2

00)

siev

e, n

ot m

ore

than

0.2

5 m

ass

perc

ent

of c

lay

lum

ps,

nor

mor

e th

an 3

.5 m

ass

perc

ent

of s

oft

fragm

ents

.

If th

e co

arse

agg

rega

te is

sub

ject

ed t

o fiv

e (5

) cy

cles

of t

he s

odiu

m s

ulfa

te s

ound

ness

tes

t, th

e w

eigh

ted

loss

sha

ll no

t exc

eed

12 m

ass

perc

ent.

It sh

all h

ave

a m

ass

perc

ent o

f wea

r no

t exc

eedi

ng 4

0 w

hen

test

ed b

y AA

SHTO

T 9

6.

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If the slag is used, its density shall not be less than 1120 kg/m3 (70 lb./cu. ft.). The gradation of

the coarse aggregate shall conform to Table 311.2. Only one grading specification shall be used from any one source.

Table 311.1- Grading Requirements for Fine Aggregate

Sieve Designation Mass Percent Passing

Standard Alternate

Grading Grading Grading U.S.

mm Standard

A B C

75.0 3 in. 100 - -

63.0 2-1/2 in. 90-100 100 100

50.0 2 in. - 90-100 95-100

37.5 1-1/2 in. 25-60 35-70 -

25.0 1 in. - 0-15 35-70

19.0 ¾in. 0-10 - -

12.5 ½in. 0-5 0-5 10-30

4.75 No. 4 - - 0-5

311.2.4 Water

Water used in mixing, curing or other designated application shall be reasonably clean and free of

oil, salt, acid, alkali, grass or other substances injurious to the finished product. Water will be tested in accordance with and shall meet the requirements of Item 714, Water. Water which is drinkable

may be used without test. Where the source of water is shallow, the intake shall be so enclosed as

to exclude silt, mud, grass or other foreign materials.

311.2.5 Reinforcing Steel

It shall conform to the requirements of Item 404, Reinforcing Steel. Dowels and tie bars shall

conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 31 or M 42, except that rail steel shall not be used for tie bars that are to be bent and re-straightened during construction. Tie bars shall be

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deformed bars. Dowels shall be plain round bars. Before delivery to the site of work, one-half of the length of each dowel shall be painted with one coat of approved lead or tar paint. The sleeves for dowel bars shall be metal of approved design to cover 50 mm (2 inches), plus or minus 5 mm (1/4 inch) of the dowel, with a closed end, and with a suitable stop to hold the end of the sleeve at least 25 mm (1 inch) from the end of the dowel. Sleeves shall be of such design that they do not collapse during construction.

311.2.6 loint Fillers

Poured joint fillers shall be mixed asphalt and mineral or rubber filler conforming to the applicable requirements of Item 705, Joint Materials.

Preformed joint filler shall conform to the applicable requirements of Item 705. It shall be punched to admit the dowels where called for in the Plans. The filler for each joint shall be furnished in a single piece for the full depth and width required for the joint.

311.2.7 Admixtures

Air-entraining admixture shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 154.

Chemical admixtures, if specified or permitted, shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 194.

Fly Ash, if specified or permitted as a mineral admixture and as 20% partial replacement of Portland cement in concrete mix shall conform to the requirements of ASTM C 618.

Admixture should be added only to the concrete mix to produce some desired modifications to the properties of concrete where necessary, but not as partial replacement of cement.

311.2.8 Curing Materials

Curing materials shall conform to the following requirements as specified:

a) Burlap cloth b) Liquid membrane forming compounds c) Sheeting (film) materials

Cotton mats and water-proof paper can be used.

AASHTO M 182 AASHTO M 148 AASHTO M 171

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311.2.9 Calcium Chloride/Calcium Nitrate

It shall conform to AASHTO M 144, if specified or permitted by the Engineer, as accelerator.

311.2.10 storage of Cement Aggregate

All cement shall be stored, immediately upon delivery at the Site, in weatherproof building which

will protect the cement from dampness. The floor shall be raised from the ground. The buildings

shall be placed in locations approved by the Engineer. Provisions for storage shall be ample, and

the shipments of cement as received shall be separately stored in such a manner as to allow the

earliest deliveries to be used first and to provide easy access for identification and inspection of

each shipment. Storage buildings shall have capacity for storage of a sufficient quantity of cement

to allow sampling at least twelve (12) days before the cement is to be used. Bulk cement, if used,

shall be transferred to elevated air tight and weatherproof bins. Stored cement shall meet the test

requirements at any time after storage when retest is ordered by the Engineer. At the time of use,

all cement shall be free-flowing and free of lumps.

The handling and storing of concrete aggregates shall be such as to prevent segregation or the

inclusion of foreign materials. The Engineer may require that aggregates be stored on separate

platforms at satisfactory locations.

In order to secure greater uniformity of concrete mix, the Engineer may require that the coarse

aggregate be separated into two or more sizes. Different sizes of aggregate shall be stored in

separate bins or in separate stockpiles sufficiently removed from each other to prevent the material

at the edges of the piles from becoming intermixed.

311.2.11 Proportioning, Consistency and Strength of Concrete

The Contractor shall prepare the design mix based on the absolute volume method as outlined in

the American Concrete Institute (ACI) Standard 211.1, "Recommended Practice for Selecting

Proportions for Normal and Heavyweight Concrete".

It is the intent of this Specification to require at least 364 kg of cement per cubic meter of concrete

to meet the minimum strength requirements. The Engineer shall determine from laboratory tests

of the materials to be used, the cement content and the proportions of aggregate and water that

will produce workable concrete having a slump of between 40 and 75 mm (1-1/2 and 3 inches) if

not vibrated or between 10 and 40 mm (1/2 and 1-1/2 inches) if vibrated, and a flexural strength

of not less than (550 psi and 700 psi) when tested by the third-point method at fourteen (14) days

and 28 days respectively in accordance with AASHTO T97. Slump shall be determined using

AASHTO T 119.

The designer shall consider the use of lean concrete (econocrete) mixtures using local materials

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or specifically modified conventional concrete mixes in base course and in the lower course composite, monolithic concrete pavements using a minimum of 75 mm (3 inches) of conventional concrete as the surface course.

Toe mix design shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval and shall be accompanied with certified test data from an approved laboratory demonstrating the adequacy of the mix design. A change in the source of materials during the progress of work may necessitate a new design mix.

311.3 CONCRETE REQUIREMENTS

311.3.1 Quality Control of Concrete

1. General

Toe Contractor shall be responsible for the quality control of all materials during the handling, blending, and mixing and placement operations.

2. Quality Control Plan

Toe Contractor shall furnish the Engineer a Quality Control Plan detailing his production control procedures and the type and frequency of sampling and testing to insure that the concrete produces complies with the Specifications. Toe Engineer shall be provided free access to recent plant production records, and if requested, informational copies of mix design, materials certifications and sampling and testing reports.

3. Qualification of Workmen

Experienced and qualified personnel shall perform all batching or mixing operation for the concrete mix, and shall be present at the plant and job site to control the concrete productions whenever the plant is in operation. They shall be identified and duties defined as follows:

a. Concrete Batcher. Toe person performing the batching or mixing operation shall be capable of accurately conducting aggregate surface moisture determination and establishing correct scale weights for concrete materials. He shall be capable of assuring that the proportioned batch weights of materials are in accordance with the mix design.

b. Concrete Technician. Toe person responsible for concrete production control and sampling and testing for quality control shall be proficient in concrete technology and shall have a sound knowledge of the Specifications as they relate to concrete production. He shall be capable of conducting tests on concrete and concrete materials in accordance with these Specifications. He shall be capable of adjusting concrete mix designs for improving workability and Specification compliance and preparing trial mix designs. He shall be qualified to act as the concrete batcher in the batcher's absence.

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4. Quality Control Testing

The Contractor shall perform all sampling, testing and inspection necessary to assure quality

control of the component materials and the concrete.

The Contractor shall be responsible for determining the gradation of fine and coarse

aggregates and for testing the concrete mixture for slump, air content, water-cement ratio

and temperature. He shall conduct his operations so as to produce a mix conforming to the

approved mix design.

5. Documentation

The Contractor shall maintain adequate records of all inspections and tests. The records shall indicate the nature and number of observations made, the number and type of deficiencies found, the quantities approved and rejected, and nature of any corrective action taken. The

Engineer may take independent assurance samples at random location for acceptance

purposes as he deems necessary.

311.3.2 Equipment

Equipment and tools necessary for handling materials and performing all parts of the work shall be approved by the Engineer as to design, capacity and mechanical condition. The equipment shall be at the jobsite sufficiently ahead of the start of construction operations to be examined

thoroughly and approved.

1. Batching Plant and Equipment

a. General. The batching shall include bins, weighing hoppers, and scales for the fine aggregate and for each size of coarse aggregate. If cement is used in bulk, a bin, a hopper, and separate scale for cement shall be included. The weighing hopper shall be properly sealed and vented to preclude dusting operation. The batch plant shall be equipped with a suitable non-resettable batch counter which will correctly indicate the number of batches proportioned.

b. Bins and Hoppers. Bins with adequate separate compartments for fine aggregate and for each size of coarse aggregate shall be provided in the batching plant.

c. Scales. Scales for weighing aggregates and cement shall be of either the beam type or the springless-dial type. They shall be accurate within one-half percent (0.5%) throughout the range of use. Poises shall be designed to be locked in any position and to prevent unauthorized change.

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Scales shall be Inspected and sealed as often as the Engineer may deem necessary to assure their continued accuracy.

d. Automatic Weighing Devices. Unless otherwise allowed on the Contract, batching plants shall be equipped with automatic weighing devices of an approved type to proportion aggregates and bulk cement.

2. Mixers

a. General. Concrete may be mixed at the Site of construction or at a central plant, or wholly or in part in truck mixers. Each mixer shall have a manufacturer's plate attached in a prominent place showing the capacity of the drum in terms of volume of mixed concrete and the speed of rotation of the mixing drum or blades.

b. Mixers at Site of Construction. Mixing shall be done in an approved mixer capable of combining the aggregates, cement and water into a thoroughly mixed and uniform mass within the specified mixing period and discharging and distributing the mixture without segregation on the prepared grade. Toe mixer shall be equipped with an approved timing device which will automatically lock the discharge lever when the drum has been charged and released it at the end of the mixing period. In case of failure of the timing device, the mixer may be used for the balance of the day while it is being repaired, provided that each batch is mixed 90 seconds. Toe mixer shall be equipped with a suitable nonresettable batch counter which shall correctly indicate the number of the batches mixed.

c. Truck Mixer and Truck Agitators. Truck mixers used for mixing and hauling concrete, and truck, agitators used for hauling central-mixed concrete, shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 157.

d. Non-Agitator Truck. Bodies of non-agitating hauling equipment for concrete shall be smooth, mortar-tight metal containers and shall be capable of discharging the concrete at a satisfactory controlled rate without segregation.

3. Paving and Finishing Equipment

Toe concrete shall be placed with an approved paver designed to spread, consolidate, screed and float finish the freshly placed concrete in one complete pass of the machine in such a manner that a minimum of hand finishing will be necessary to provide a dense and homogeneous pavement in conformance with the Plans and Specifications. The finishing machine shall be equipped with at least two (2) oscillating type transverse screed.

Vibrators shall operate at a frequency of 8,300 to 9,600 impulses per minute under load at a maximum spacing of 60 cm.

4. Concrete Saw

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The Contractor shall p'rovide sawing equipment in adequate number of units and power to complete the sawing with a water-cooled diamond edge saw blade or an abrasive wheel to the required dimensions and at the required rate. He shall provide at least one (1) stand-by saw in good working condition and with an ample supply of saw blades.

5. Forms

Forms shall be of steel, of an approved section, and of depth equal to the thickness of the pavement at the edge. The base of the forms shall be of sufficient width to provide necessary stability in all directions. The flange braces must extend outward on the base to not less than 2/3 the height of the form.

All forms shall be rigidly supported on bed of thoroughly compacted material during the entire operation of placing and finishing the concrete. Forms shall be provided with adequate devices for secure setting so that when in place, they will withstand, without visible spring or settlement, the impact and vibration of the consolidation and finishing or paving equipment.

311.3.3 Preparation of Grade

After the subgrade of base has been placed and compacted to the required density, the areas which will support the paving machine and the grade on which the pavement is to be constructed shall be trimmed to the proper elevation by means of a properly designed machine extending the prepared work areas compacted at least 60 cm beyond each edge of the proposed concrete pavement. If loss of density results from the trimming operations, it shall be restored by additional compaction before concrete is placed. If any traffic is allowed to use the prepared subgrade or base, the surface shall be checked and corrected immediately ahead of the placing concrete.

The subgrade or base shall be uniformly moist when the concrete is placed.

311.3.4 Setting Forms

1. Base Support

The foundation under the forms shall be hard and true to grade so that the form when set will be firmly in contact for its whole length and at the specified grade. (Any roadbed, which at the form line is found below established grade, shall be filled with approved granular materials to grade in lifts of three (3) cm or less, and thoroughly rerolled or tamped.) Imperfections or variations above grade shall be corrected by tamping or by cutting as necessary.

2. Form Setting

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Forms shall be set sufficiently in advance of the point where concrete is being placed. After

the forms have been set to correct grade, the grade shall be thoroughly tamped, mechanically or by hand, at both the inside and outside edges of the base of the forms. The forms shall not

deviate from true line by more than one (1) cm at any point.

3. Grade Alignment

The alignment and grade elevations of the forms shall be checked and corrections made by

the Contractor immediately before placing the concrete. Testing as to crown and elevation,

prior to placing of concrete can be made by means of holding an approved template in a

vertical position and moved backward and forward on the forms.

When any form has been disturbed or any grade has become unstable, the form shall be reset

and rechecked.

311.3.5 Conditioning of Subgrade or Base Course

When side forms have been securely set to grade, the subgrade or base course shall be brought

to proper cross-section. High areas shall be trimmed to proper elevation. Low areas shall be filled

and compacted to a condition similar to that of surrounding grade. The finished grade shall be

maintained in a smooth and compacted condition until the pavement is placed. Unless waterproof

subgrade or base course cover material is specified, the subgrade or base course shall be uniformly

moist when the concrete is placed. If it subsequently becomes too dry, the subgrade or base course shall be sprinkled, but the method of sprinkling shall not be such as to form mud or pools

of water.

311.3.6 Handling, Measuring and Batching Materials

The batch plant site, layout, equipment and provisions for transporting material shall be such as

to assure a continuous supply of material to the work. Stockpiles shall be built up in layers of not

more than one (1) meter in thickness. Each layer shall be completely in place before beginning

the next which shall not be allowed to "cone" down over the next lower layer. Aggregates from

different sources and of different grading shall not be stockpiled together. All washed aggregates

and aggregates produced or handled by hydraulic methods, shall be stockpiled or binned for

draining at least twelve (12) hours before being batched.

When mixing is done at the side of the work, aggregates shall be transported from the batching

plant to the mixer in batch boxes, vehicle bodies, or other containers of adequate capacity and

construction to properly carry the volume required. Partitions separating batches shall be adequate

and effective to prevent spilling from one compartment to another while in transit or being

dumped. When bulk cement is used, the Contractor shall use a suitable method of handling the

cement from weighing hopper to transporting container or into the batch itself for transportation

to the mixer, with chute, boot or other approved device, to prevent loss of cement, and to provide

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positive assurance of the actual presence in each batch of the entire cement content specified.

Bulk cement shall be transported to the mixer in tight compartments carrying the full amount of cement required for the batch. However, if allowed in the Special Provisions, it may be transported between the fine and coarse aggregate. When cement is placed in contact with the aggregates, batches may be rejected unless mixed within 1-1/2 hours of such contact. Cement in original shipping packages may be transported on top of the aggregates, each batch containing the number of sacks required by the job mix. The mixer shall be charged without loss of cement. Batching shall be so conducted as to result in the weight to each material required within a tolerance of one (1) percent for the cement and two (2) percent for aggregates.

Water may be measured either by volume or by weight. The accuracy of measuring the water shall be within a range of error of not over than one (1) percent. Unless the water is to be weighed, the water-measuring equipment shall include an auxiliary tank from which the measuring tank shall be equipped with an outside tap and valve to provide checking the setting, unless other means are provided for readily and accurately determining the amount of water in the tank. The volume of the auxiliary tank shall be at least equal to that of the measuring tank.

311.3.7 Mixing of Concrete

The concrete may be mixed at the site of the work in a central-mix plant, or in truck mixers. The mixer shall be of an approved type and capacity. Mixing time will be measured from the time all materials, except water, are in the drum. Ready-mixed concrete shall be mixed and delivered in accordance with requirements of AASHTO M 157, except that the minimum required revolutions at the mixing speed for transit-mixed concrete may be reduced to not less than that recommended by the mixer manufacturer. The number of revolutions recommended by the mixer manufacturer shall be indicated on the manufacturer's serial plate attached to the mixer. The Contractor shall furnish test data acceptable to the Engineer verifying that the make and model of the mixer will produce uniform concrete conforming to the provision of AASHTO M 157 at the reduced number of revolutions shown on the serial plate.

When mixed at the site or in a central mixing plant, the mixing time shall not be less than fifty (50) seconds nor more than ninety (90) seconds, unless mixer performance tests prove adequate mixing of the concrete is a shorter time period.

Four ( 4) seconds shall be added to the specified mixing time if t iming starts at the instant the skip reaches its maximum raised positions. Mixing time ends when the discharge chute opens. Transfer time in multiple drum mixers is included in mixing time. The contents of an individual mixer drum shall be removed before a succeeding batch is emptied therein.

The mixer shall be operated at the drum speed as shown on the manufacturer's name plate attached on the mixer. Any concrete mixed less than the specified time shall be discarded and disposed off by the Contractor at his expense. The volume of concrete mixed per batch shall not exceed the mixer's nominal capacity in cubic meter, as shown on the manufacturer's standard

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rating plate on the mixer, except that an overload up to ten (10) percent above the mixer's nominal capacity may be permitted provided concrete test data for strength, segregation, and uniform consistency are satisfactory, and provided no spillage of concrete takes place.

The batches shall be so charged into the drum that a portion of the mixing water shall be entered in advance of the cement and aggregates. Toe flow of water shall be uniform and all water shall be in the drum by the end of the first fifteen (15) seconds of the mixing period. The throat of the drum shall be kept free of such accumulations as may restrict the free flow of materials into the drum.

Mixed concrete from the central mixing plant shall be transported in truck mixers, truck agitators or non-agitating truck specified in Subsection 311.3.2, Equipment. Toe time elapsed from the time water is added to the mix until the concrete is deposited in place at the Site shall not exceed forty five ( 45) minutes when the concrete is hauled in non-agitating trucks, nor ninety (90) minutes when hauled in truck mixers or truck agitators, except that in hot weather or under other conditions contributing to quick hardening of the concrete, the maximum allowable time may be reduced by the Engineer.

In exceptional cases and when volumetric measurements are authorized for small project requiring less than 75 cu.m. of concrete per day of pouring, the weight proportions shall be converted to equivalent volumetric proportions. In such cases, suitable allowance shall be made for variations in the moisture condition of the aggregates, including the bulking effect in the fine aggregate. Batching and mixing shall be in accordance with ASTM C 685, Section 6 through 9.

Concrete mixing by chute is allowed provided that a weighing scales for determining the batch weight will be used.

Re-tempering concrete by adding water or by other means shall not be permitted, except that when concrete is delivered in truck mixers, additional water may be added to the batch materials and additional mixing performed to increase the slump to meet the specified requirements, if permitted by the Engineer, provided all these operations are performed within forty-five (45) minutes after the initial mixing operation and the water-cement ratio is not exceeded. Concrete that is not within the specified slump limits at the time of placement shall not be used. Admixtures for increasing the workability or for accelerating the setting of the concrete will be permitted only when specifically approved by the Engineer.

311.3.8 Limitation of Mixing

No concrete shall be mixed, placed or finished when natural light is insufficient, unless an adequate and approved artificial lighting system is operated.

During hot weather, the Engineer shall require that steps be taken to prevent the temperature of mixed concrete from exceeding a maximum temperature of 90°F (32°C).

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Concrete not in place within ninety (90) minutes from the time the ingredients were charged into the mixing drum or that has developed initial set shall not be used. Re-tempering of concrete or mortar which has partially hardened, that is remixing with or without additional cement, aggregate, or water, shall not be permitted.

In order that the concrete may be properly protected against the effects of rain before the concrete is sufficiently hardened, the Contractor will be required to have available at all times materials for the protection of the edges and surface of the unhardened concrete.

311.3.9 Placing of Concrete

Concrete shall be deposited in such a manner to require minimal re-handling. Unless truck mixers or non-agitating hauling equipment are equipped with means to discharge concrete without segregation of the materials, the concrete shall be unloaded into an approved spreading device and mechanically spread on the grade in such a manner as to prevent segregation. Placing shall be continuous between transverse joints without the use of intermediate bulkheads. Necessary hand spreading shall be done with shovels, not rakes. Workmen shall not be allowed to walk in the freshly mixed concrete with boots or shoes coated with earth or foreign substances.

When concrete is to be placed adjoining a previously constructed lane and mechanical equipment will be operated upon the existing lane, that previously constructed lane shall have attained the strength for fourteen (14) day concrete. If only finishing equipment is carried on the existing lane, paving in adjoining lanes may be permitted after three (3) days.

Concrete shall be thoroughly consolidated against and along the faces of all forms and along the full length and on both sides of all joint assemblies, by means of vibrators inserted in the concrete. Vibrators shall not be permitted to come in contact with a joint assembly, the grade, or a side form. In no case shall the vibrator be operated longer than fifteen (15) seconds in any one location.

Concrete shall be deposited as near as possible to the expansion and contraction joints without disturbing them, but shall not be dumped from the discharge bucket or hopper into a joint assembly unless the hopper is well centered on the joint assembly. Should any concrete material fall on or be worked into the surface of a complete slab, it shall be removed immediately.

311.3.10 Test Specimens

As work progresses, at least one (1) set consisting of three (3) concrete beam test specimens, 150 mm x 150 mm x 525 mm or 900 mm shall be taken from each 330 m2 of pavement, 230 mm depth, or fraction thereof placed each day. Test specimens shall be made under the supervision of the Engineer, and the Contractor shall provide all concrete and other facilities necessary in making the test specimens and shall protect them from damage by construction operations. Cylinder samples shall not be used as substitute for determining the adequacy of the strength of

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concrete.

The beams shall be made, cured, and tested in accordance with AASHTO T 23 and T 97.

311.3.11 Strike-off of Concrete and Placement of Reinforcement

Following the placing of the concrete, it shall be struck off to conform to the cross-section shown on the Plans and to an elevation such that when the concrete is properly consolidated and finished, the surface of the pavement will be at the elevation shown on the Plans. When reinforced concrete pavement is placed in two (2) layers, the bottom layer shall be struck off and consolidated to such length and depth that the sheet of fabric or bar mat may be laid full length on the concrete in its final position without further manipulation. The reinforcement shall then be placed directly upon the concrete, after which the top layer of the concrete shall be placed, struck off and screeded. Any portion of the bottom layer of concrete which has been placed more than 30 minutes without being covered with the top layer shall be removed and replaced with freshly mixed concrete at the Contractor's expense. When reinforced concrete is placed in one layer, the reinforcement may be firmly positioned in advance of concrete placement or it may be placed at the depth shown on the Plans in plastic concrete, after spreading by mechanical or vibratory means.

Reinforcing steel shall be free from dirt, oil, paint, grease, mill scale and loose or thick rust which could impair bond of the steel with the concrete.

311.3.12 Joints

Joints shall be constructed of the type and dimensions, and at the locations required by the Plans or Special Provisions. All joints shall be protected from the intrusion of injurious foreign material until sealed.

1. Longitudinal Joint

Deformed steel tie bars of specified length, size, spacing and materials shall be placed perpendicular to the longitudinal joints, they shall be placed by approved mechanical equipment or rigidly secured by chair or other approved supports to prevent displacement. Tie bars shall not be painted or coated with asphalt or other materials or enclosed in tubes or sleeves. When shown on the Plans and when adjacent lanes of pavement are constructed separately, steel side forms shall be used which will form a keyway along the construction joint. Tie bars, except those made of rail steel, may be bent at right angles against the form of the first lane constructed and straightened into final position before the concrete of the adjacent lane is placed, or in lieu of bent tie bars, approved two-piece connectors may be used.

Longitudinal formed joints shall consist of a groove or cleft, extending downward from and normal to, the surface of the pavement. These joints shall be effected or formed by an

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approved mechanically or manually operated device to the dimensions and line indicated on the Plans and while the concrete Is in a plastic state. The groove or cleft shall be filled with either a pre-molded strip or poured material as required.

The longitudinal joints shall be continuous, there shall be no gaps in either transverse or longitudinal joints at the intersection of the joints.

Longitudinal sawed joints shall be cut by means of approved concrete saws to the depth, width and line shown on the Plans. Suitable guide lines or devices shall be used to assure cutting the longitudinal joint on the true line. The longitudinal joint shall be sawed before the end of the curing period or shortly thereafter and before any equipment or vehicles are allowed on the pavement. The sawed area shall be thoroughly cleaned and, if required, the joint shall immediately be filled with sealer. Longitudinal pavement insert type joints shall be formed by placing a continuous strip of plastic materials which will not react adversely with the chemical constituent of the concrete.

2. Transverse Expansion Joint

The expansion joint filler shall be continuous from form to form, shaped to subgrade and to the keyway along the form. Preformed joint filler shall be furnished in lengths equal to the pavement width or equal to the width of one lane. Damaged or repaired joint filler shall not be used. The expansion joint filler shall be held in a vertical position. An approved installing bar, or other device, shall be used if required to secure preformed expansion joint filler at the proper grade and alignment during placing and finishing of the concrete. Finished joint shall not deviate more than 6 mm from a straight line. If joint fillers are assembled in sections, there shall be no offsets between adjacent units. No plugs of concrete shall be permitted anywhere within the expansion space.

3. Transverse Contraction Joint/Weakened Joint

When shown on the Plans, it shall consist of planes of weakness created by forming or cutting grooves in the surface of the pavement and shall include load transfer assemblies. The depth of the weakened plane joint should at all times not be less than 50 mm, while the width should not be more than 6 mm.

a. Transverse Strip Contraction Joint. It shall be formed by installing a parting strip to be left in place as shown on the Plans.

b. Formed Groove. It shall be made by depressing an approved tool or device into the plastic concrete. The tool or device shall remain in place at least until the concrete has attained its initial set and shall then be removed without disturbing the adjacent concrete, unless the device is designed to remain in the joint.

c. Sawed Contraction Joint. It shall be created by sawing grooves in the surface of the

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pavement of the width not more than 6 mm, depth should at all times not be less than 50

mm, and at the spacing and lines shown on the Plans, with an approved concrete saw.

After each joint is sawed, it shall be thoroughly cleaned including the adjacent concrete

surface.

Sawing of the joint shall commence as soon as the concrete has hardened sufficiently to

permit sawing without excessive ravelling, usually 4 to 24 hours. All joints shall be sawed

before uncontrolled shrinkage cracking takes place. If necessary, the sawing operations

shall be carried on during the day or night, regardless of weather conditions. The sawing

of any joint shall be omitted if crack occurs at or near the joint location prior to the time

of sawing. Sawing shall be discounted when a crack develops ahead of the saw. In general

all joints should be sawed in sequence. If extreme condition exist which make it impractical

to prevent erratic cracking by early sawing, the contraction joint groove shall be formed

prior to initial set of concrete as provided above.

4. Transverse Construction Joint

It shall be constructed when there is an interruption of more than 30 minutes in the concreting

operations. No transverse joint shall be constructed within 1.50 m of an expansion joint,

contraction joint, or plane of weakness. If sufficient concrete has been mixed at the time of

interruption to form a slab of at least 1.5 m long, the excess concrete from the last preceding

joint shall be removed and disposed off as directed.

5. Load Transfer Device

Dowel, when used, shall be held in position parallel to the surface and center line of the slab

by a metal device that is left in the pavement. The portion of each dowel painted with one

coat of lead or tar, in conformance with the requirements of Item 404, Reinforcing Steel, shall

be thoroughly coated with approved bituminous materials, e.g., MC-70, or an approved

lubricant, to prevent the concrete from binding to that portion of the dowel. The sleeves for

dowels shall be metal designed to cover 50 mm plus or minus 5 mm (1/4 inch), of the dowel,

with a watertight closed end and with a suitable stop to hold the end of the sleeves at least

25 mm (1 inch) from the end of the dowel. In lieu of using dowel assemblies at contraction

joints, dowel may be placed in the full thickness of pavement by a mechanical device approved

by the Engineer.

311.3.13 Final Strike-off (Consolidation and Finishing)

1. Sequence

The sequence of operations shall be the strike-off and consolidation, floating and removal of

laitance, straight-edging and final surface finish. Work bridges or other devices necessary to

provide access to the pavement surface for the purpose of finishing straight-edging, and make

corrections as hereinafter specified, shall be provided by the Contractor.

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In general, the addition of water to the surface of the concrete to assist in finishing operations will not be permitted. If the application of water to the surface is permitted, it shall be applied as fog spray by means of an approved spray equipment.

2. Finishing Joints

The concrete adjacent to joints shall be compacted or firmly placed without voids or segregation against the joint material assembly, also under and around all load transfer devices, joint assembly units, and other features designed to extend into the pavement. Concrete adjacent to joints shall be mechanically vibrated as required in Subsection 311.3.9, Placing Concrete.

After the concrete has been placed and vibrated adjacent to the joints as required in Subsection 311.3.9, the finishing machine shall be brought forward, operating in a manner to avoid damage or misalignment of joints. If uninterrupted operation of the finishing machine, to over and beyond the joints causes segregation of concrete, damage to, or misalignment of the joints, the finishing machine shall be stopped when the front screed is approximately 20 cm (8 inches) from the joint. Segregated concrete shall be removed from in front of and off the joint. The front screed shall be lifted and set directly on top of the joint and the forward motion of the finishing machine resumed. When the second screed is close enough to permit the excess mortar in front of it to flow over the joint, it shall be lifted and carried over the joint. Thereafter, the finishing machine may be run over the joint without lifting the screeds, provided there is no segregated concrete immediately between the joint and the screed or on top of the joint.

3. Machine Finishing

a. Non-vibratory Method. The concrete shall be distributed or spread as soon as placed. As soon as the concrete has been placed, it shall be struck off and screeded by an approved finishing machine. The machine shall go over each area of pavement as many times and at such intervals as necessary to give the proper compaction and leave a surface of uniform texture. Excessive operation over a given area shall be avoided. The tops of the forms shall be kept clean by an effective device attached to the machine and the travel of the machine on the forms shall be maintained true without wobbling or other variation tending to affect the precision finish.

b. During the first pass of the finishing machine, a uniform ridge of concrete shall be maintained ahead of the front screed in its entire length.

c. Vibratory Method. When vibration is specified, vibrators for full width vibration of concrete paving slabs, shall meet the requirements in Subsection 311.3.2, Equipment. If uniform and satisfactory density of the concrete is not obtained by the vibratory method at joints, along forms, at structures, and throughout the pavement, the Contractor will be required to furnish equipment and method which will produce pavement conforming to the Specifications. All provisions in item (a) above not in conflict with the provisions for the vibratory method shall govern.

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4. H

and Finishing

Hand finishing m

ethods may only be used under the follow

ing conditions:

a. In

the event of breakdow

n of the m

echanical equipment, hand m

ethods may be used to

finish th

e concrete already deposited on the grade.

b. In

narrow w

idths or areas o

f irregular dimensions w

here operations of the m

echanical equipm

ent is impractical, hand m

ethods may be used.

Concrete, as soon as placed, shall be struck off and screeded. A

n approved portable screed shall be used.

A second

screed shall be provided fo

r striking off the bottom

layer of

concrete if reinforcement is used.

The screed for the surface shall be a

t least 60 cm (2 feet) longer than the m

aximum

wid

th

of the slab to be struck off. It shall be o

f approved design, sufficiently rigid to retain its

shape, and constructed either of m

etal or other suitable m

aterial shod with

metal.

Consolidation

shall be

attained by

the use

of suitable

vibrator o

r o

the

r approved

equipment.

In operation, the screed shall be m

oved forward on the form

s with a com

bined longitudinal and transverse shearing m

otion, moving alw

ays in the direction in which th

e w

ork is

progressing and so manipulated th

at neither end is raised from

the

side forms during th

e

striking off process. If necessary, this shall be repeated until the surface is o

f uniform

texture, true to grade and cross-section, and free from

porous areas.

5. F

loating

After th

e concrete has been struck off and consolidated, it shall be fu

rthe

r smoothed, tru

ed

, and consolidated by m

eans of a longitudinal float, either by hand o

r mechanical m

ethod.

a. H

and Method. T

he hand-operated longitudinal float shall be n

ot less than 365 cm

(12

feet) in length and

15 cm

(6 inches) in width, properly stiffened to

prevent flexibility and w

arping. The longitudinal float, operated from

foo

t bridges resting on the

side forms and

spanning bu

t no

t touching the concrete, shall be worked w

ith a saw

ing motion w

hile held in a floating position parallel to

the road center line, and moving gradually from

one side o

f the pavement to

the other. Movem

ent ahead along the

center line of th

e pavem

ent shall be in successive advances o

f no

t more than one-half th

e length o

f the

float. Any

excess water o

r soupy material shall be w

asted over the

side forms on each pass.

b. M

echanical Method. T

he mechanical longitudinal float shall be o

f a design approved by the E

ngineer, and· shall be in good w

orking condition. The tracks from

which th

e flo

at

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operates shall be accurately adjusted to the required crown. Th

e float shall be accurately

adjusted and coordinated with the adjustm

ent of the transverse finishing mach ine so that

a small am

ount of mortar is carried ahead of the float at all tim

es. The forw

ard screed

shall be adjusted so that the float will lap the distance specified by the E

ngineer on each

transverse trip. The float shall pass over each areas of pavement at least tw

o times, but

excessive operation over a given area will not be perm

itted. Any excess w

ater or soupy

material shall be w

asted over the side forms on each pass.

c. A

lternative Mechanical M

ethod. As an alternative, the C

ontractor may use a m

achine com

posed of a cutting and smoothing float or floats suspended from

and guided by a rigid

frame. The fram

e shall be carried by four or more visible w

heels riding on, and constantly

in contact with the side form

s. If necessary, following one of the preceding m

ethod of floating, long handled floats having blades not less than 150 cm

(5 feet) in length and 15

cm (6 inches) in w

idth may be used to sm

ooth and fill in open-textured areas in the pavem

ent. Long-handled

floats shall

not be

used to

float the

entire surface

of the pavem

ent in lieu of, or supplementing, one of the preceding m

ethods of floating. When

strike off and consolidations are done by the hand m

ethod and the crown of the pavem

ent w

ill not permit the use of the longitudinal float, the surface shall be floated transversely

by means of the long-handled float. C

are shall be taken not to work the crow

n out of the

pavement during the operation. A

fter floating, any excess water and laitance shall be

removed from

the surface of the pavement by a 3-m

straight-edge or more in length.

Successive drags shall be lapped one-half the length of the blade.

6. S

traight-Edge testing and S

urface Correction

After the floating has been com

pleted and the excess water rem

oved, but while the concrete

is still plastic, the surface of the concrete shall be tested for trueness with a 300 cm

long straight-edge.

For this purpose, the Contractor shall furnish and use an accurate 300-cm

straight-edge sw

ung from handles 100 cm

(3 feet) longer than one-half the w

idth of the slab. The straight-edge shall be held in contact w

ith the surface in successive positions parallel to the road center line and the w

hole area gone over from one side of the slab to the other as

necessary. Advances along the road shall be in successive stages of not m

ore than one-half the length o

f the straight-edge. Any depressions found shall be imm

ediately filled with freshly

mixed concrete, struck off, consolidated and refinished. H

igh areas shall be cut down and

refinished. Special attention shall be given to assure that the surface across joints meets the

requirements for sm

oothness. Straight-edge testing and surface corrections shall continue

until the entire surface is found to be free from observable departures from

the straightedge and the slab conform

s to the required grade and cross-section.

7. Final Finish

If the surface texture is broom finished, it shall applied w

hen the water sheen has practically

disappeared. The broom shall be draw

n from the center to the edge of the pavem

ent with

adjacent strokes slightly overlapping. The brooming operation should be so executed that the

corrugations produced in the surface shall be uniform in appearance and not m

ore than 1.5 m

m in depth. B

rooming shall be com

pleted before the concrete is in such condition that the surface w

ill be unduly roughened by the operation. The surface thus finished shall be free

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from rough and porous areas, irregularities, and depressions resulting from

improper handling

of the broom. B

rooms shall be of the quality size and construction and be operated so as to

produce a surface finish meeting the approval of the E

ngineer. Subject to satisfactory results

being obtained and approval of the Engineer, the C

ontractor will be perm

itted to substitute m

echanical brooming in lieu of the m

anual brooming herein described.

If the surface texture is belt finished, when straight-edging is com

plete and water sheen has

practically disappeared and just before the concrete becomes non-plastic, the surface shall be

belted with 2-ply canvass belt not less than 20 cm

wide and at least 100 cm

longer than the pavem

ent w

idth. H

and belts

shall have

suitable handles

to perm

it controlled,

uniform

manipulation. The belt shall be operated w

ith short strokes transverse to the center line and w

ith a rapid advances parallel to the center line.

If the surface texture is drag finished, a drag shall be used which consists of a seam

less strip of dam

p burlap or cotton fabric, which shall produce a uniform

of gritty texture after dragging it longitudinally along the full w

idth of pavement. For pavem

ent 5 m or m

ore in width, the

drag shall be mounted on a bridge w

hich travels on the forms. The dim

ensions of the drag shall be such that a strip of burlap or fabric at least 100 cm

wide is in contact w

ith the full w

idth of pavement surface w

hile the drag is used. The drag shall consist of not less than 2 layers of burlap w

ith the bottom layer approxim

ately 15 cm w

ider than the layer. The drag shall be m

aintained in such condition that the resultant surface is of uniform appearance and

reasonably free from grooves over 1.5 m

m in depth. D

rag shall be maintained clean and free

from encrusted m

ortar. Drags that cannot be cleaned shall be discarded and new

drags be substituted.

Regardless of the m

ethod used for final finish, the hardened surface of pavement shall have

a coefficient of friction of 0.25 or more. C

ompleted pavem

ent that is found to have a coefficient of friction less than 0.25 shall be grounded or scored by the C

ontractor at his expense to provide the required coefficient of friction.

8. E

dging at Forms and Joints

After the final finish, but before the concrete has taken its initial set, the edges of the pavem

ent along each side of each slab, and on each side of transverse expansion joints, form

ed joints, transverse construction joints, and em

ergency construction joints, shall be worked w

ith an approved tool and rounded to the radius required by the Plans. A

well -defined and continuous

radius shall be produced and a smooth, dense m

ortar finish obtained. The surface of the slab shall not be unduly disturbed by tilting the tool during the use.

At all joints, any tool m

arks appearing on the slab adjacent to the joints shall be eliminated by

brooming the surface.

In doing this, the rounding of the corner of the slab shall not be

disturbed. All concrete on top of the joint filler shall be completely rem

oved.

All joints shall be tested with a straight-edge before the concrete has set and correction m

ade

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if one edge of the joint is higher than the other.

311.3.14 Surface Test

As soon as the concrete has hardened sufficiently, the pavement surface shall be tested w

ith a 3-m

straight-edge or other specified device. Areas show

ing high spots of m

ore than 3 mm

but not exceeding 12 m

m in 3 m

shall be marked and im

mediately ground dow

n with an approved grinding

tool to an elevation where the area or spot w

ill not show surface deviations in excess o

f 3 mm

w

hen tested with 3 m

straight-edge. Where the departure from

correct cross-section exceeds 12 m

m, the pavem

ent shall be removed and replaced by and at the expense o

f the Contractor.

Any area or section so rem

oved shall be not less than 1.5 m in length and not less than the full

width o

f the lane involved. When it is necessary to rem

ove and replace a section of pavem

ent, any rem

aining portion of the slab adjacent to the joints that is less than 1.5 m

in length, shall also be rem

oved and replaced.

311.3.15 Curing

Imm

ediately after the finishing operations have been completed and the concrete has sufficiently

set, the entire surface of the new

ly placed concrete shall be cured in accordance with either one

of the methods described herein. Failure to provide sufficient cover m

aterial of w

hatever kind the C

ontractor may elect to use, or the lack of w

ater to adequately take care of both curing and other

requirements, shall be a cause for im

mediate suspension of concreting operations. The concrete

shall not be left exposed for more than ½

hour between stages o

f curing or during the curing period.

In all congested places, concrete works should be designed so that the designed strength is

attained.

1. C

otton of B

urlap Mats

The surface of the pavem

ent shall be entirely covered with m

ats. The mats used shall be o

f such length ( or w

idth) that as laid they will extend at least tw

ice the thickness of the pavement

beyond the edges of the slab. The m

at shall be placed so that the entire surface and the edges of the

slab are completely covered.

Prior to being

placed, the

mats shall

be saturated thoroughly w

ith water. The m

at shall be so placed and weighted dow

n so as to cause them to

remain in intim

ate contact with the covered surface. The m

at shall be maintained fully w

etted and in position for 72 hours after the concrete has been placed unless otherw

ise specified.

2. W

aterproof Paper

The top surface and sides of the pavement shall be entirely covered w

ith waterproof paper,

the units shall be lapped at least 45 cm. The paper shall be so placed and w

eighted down so

as to cause It to remain in intim

ate contact with the surface covered. The paper shall have

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such dimension but each unit as laid w

ill extend beyond the edges of the slab at least tw

ice the thickness of the pavem

ent, or at pavem

ent width and 60 cm

strips of paper for the edges.

If laid longitudinally, paper not manufactured in sizes w

hich will provide this w

idth shall be securely sew

ed or cemented together, the joints being securely sealed in such a m

anner that they do not open up or separate during the curing period. U

nless otherwise specified

, the covering shall be m

aintained in place for 72 hours after the concrete has been placed. The surface o

f the pavement shall be thoroughly w

etted prior to the placing of the paper.

3. S

traw C

uring

When this type o

f curing is used, the pavement shall be cured initially w

ith burlap or cotton m

ats, until after final set of the concrete or, in any case, for 12 hours after placing the concrete. As soon as the m

ats are removed, the surface and sides of the pavem

ent shall be thoroughly w

etted and covered with at least 20 cm

of straw or hay, thickness of w

hich is to be measured

after wetting. If the straw

or hay covering becomes displaced during the curing period, it shall

be replaced to the original depth and saturated. It shall be kept thoroughly saturated with

water for 72 hours and thoroughly w

etted down during the m

orning of the fourth day, and

the cover shall remain in place until the concrete has attained the required strength.

4. Im

pervious Mem

brane Method

The entire surface of the pavem

ent shall be sprayed uniformly w

ith white pigm

ented curing com

pound imm

ediately after the finishing of the surface and before the set of the concrete

has taken place, or if the pavement is cured initially w

ith jute or cotton mats, it m

ay be applied upon rem

oval of the m

ass. The curing compound shall not be applied during rain

.

Curing com

pound shall be applied under pressure at the rate 4 L to not more than 14 m

2 by m

echanical sprayers. The spraying equipment shall be equipped w

ith a wind guard

. At the

time o

f use, the compound shall be in a thoroughly m

ixed condition with the pigm

ent uniformly

dispersed throughout

the vehicle.

During

application, the

compound

shall be

stirred continuously by effective m

echanical means. H

and spraying of odd w

idths or shapes and concrete surface exposed by the rem

oval of form

s will be perm

itted. Curing com

pound shall not be applied to the inside faces of joints to be sealed, but approved m

eans shall be used to insure proper curing at least 72 hours and to prevent the intrusion o

f foreign material into the

joint before sealing has been completed. The curing com

pound shall be of such character that the film

will harden w

ithin 30 minutes after application

. Should the film

be damaged from

any cause w

ithin the 72 hour curing period, the damaged portions shall be repaired im

mediately

with additional com

pound.

5. W

hite Polyethylene S

heet

The top surface and sides o

f the pavement shall

be entirely covered w

ith polyethylene

sheeting. The units used shall be lapped at least 45 cm. The sheeting shall be so placed and

weighted dow

n so as to cause it to remain intim

ate contact with the surface covered. The

sheeting as prepared for use shall have such dimension that each unit as laid w

ill extend

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beyond the edges of the slab at least tw

ice the thickness of the pavem

ent. Unless otherw

ise

specified, the covering shall be maintained in place for 72 hours after the concrete has been

placed.

31

1.3

.16

Rem

oval o

f Forms

After form

s for concrete remained in place undisturbed for not less than tw

enty four (24) hours

after concrete pouring. In the removal of form

s, crowbars should be used in pulling out nails and

pins. Care should be taken so as not to break the edges o

f the pavement. In

case portions of the

concrete are spalled, they shall be imm

ediately repaired with fresh m

ortar mixed in the proportion

of one part o

f Portland C

ement and tw

o parts fine aggregates. Major honeycom

b areas will be

considered as defective work and shall be rem

oved and replaced at the expense of the Contractor.

Any area or section so rem

oved shall not be less than the distance between w

eakened plane joint

nor less than the full width of the lane involved.

31

1.3

.17

Sealin

g Jo

ints

Joints shall be sealed with asphalt sealant soon after com

pletion of the curing period and before

the pavement is opened to traffic, including the C

ontractor's equipment. Just prior to sealing, each

joint shall be thoroughly cleaned of all foreign materials including m

embrane curing com

pound

and the joint faces shall be clean and surface dry when the seal is applied.

The sealing material shall be applied to each joint opening to conform

to the details shown on the

Plans or as directed by the Engineer. M

aterial for seal applied hot shall be stirred during heating

so that localized overheating does not occur. The pouring shall be done in such a manner that the

material w

ill not be spilled on the exposed surfaces of the concrete. The use o

f sand or similar

material as a cover for the seal w

ill not be permitted.

Preform

ed elastomeric gaskets for sealing joints shall be of th

e cross-sectional dim

ensions shown

on the Plans. Seals shall be installed by suitable tools, w

ithout elongation and secured in placed

with an approved lubricant adhesive w

hich shall cover both sides of the concrete joints. The seals

shall be installed in a compressive condition and shall at tim

e of placement be below

the level of

the pavement surface by approxim

ately 6 mm

. The seals shall be in one piece for the full w

idth

of each transverse joint.

31

1,3

.18

Pro

tection

of P

avemen

t

The Contractor shall protect the pavem

ent and its appurtenances against both public traffic and

traffic caused by his own em

ployees and agents. This shall include watchm

en to direct traffic and

the erection of and maintenance o

f warning signs, lights, pavem

ent bridges or crossovers, etc.

The Plans or Special P

rovisions will Indicate the location and type of device or fa

cility required to

protect the work and provid

e adequately for traffic.

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All boreholes after thickness and/or strength determinations of new

ly constructed asphalt and concrete pavem

ents shall be imm

ediately filled/restored with the prescribed concrete/asphalt m

ix after com

pletion of the drilling w

orks. A

ny damage to the pavem

ent, occurring

prior to final acceptance, shall be repaired or the pavem

ent be replaced.

31

1.3

.19

Co

ncrete P

avemen

t shall-S

lip Form

Meth

od

:

If the Contract calls for the construction of pavem

ent without the use of fixed form

s, the following

provisions shall apply:

1. G

rade

After the grade or base has been placed and com

pacted to the required density, the areas w

hich will support the paving m

achine shall be cut to the proper elevation by means of a

properly designed machine. The grade on w

hich the pavement is to be constructed shall then

be brought to the proper profile by means of properly designed m

achine. If the density of the

base is disturbed by the grading operation, it shall be corrected by additional compaction

before concrete is placed. The grade should be constructed sufficiently in advance of the placing of the concrete. If any traffic is allow

ed to use the prepared grade, the grade shall be checked and corrected im

mediately before the placing of concrete.

2. P

lacing of Concrete

The concrete shall be placed with an approved slip-form

paver designed to spread, consolidate, screed and float-finish the freshly placed concrete in one com

plete pass of the machine in

such a manner that a m

inimum

of hand finish will be necessary to provide a dense and

homogenous pavem

ent in conformance w

ith the Plans and Specifications. The m

achine shall vibrate the concrete for the full w

idth and depth of the strip of pavement being placed. S

uch vibration shall be accom

panied with vibrating tubes or arm

s working in the concrete or w

ith a vibrating screed or pan operating on the surface of the concrete. The sliding form

s shall be rigidly held together laterally to prevent spreading of the form

s. The forms shall trail behind

the paver for such a distance that no appreciable slumping of the concrete w

ill occur, and that necessary final finishing can be accom

plished while the concrete is still w

ithin the forms. A

ny edge slum

p of the pavement, exclusive of edge rounding, in excess of 6 m

m shall be corrected

before the concrete has hardened.

The concrete shall be held at a uniform consistency, having a slum

p of not m

ore than 40 mm

(1-12/ inches). The slip form

paver shall be operated with as nearly as possible a continuous

forward m

ovement and that all operations of m

ixing, delivering and spreading concrete shall be coordinated so as to provide uniform

progress with stopping and starting of the paver held

to a minim

um. If, for any reason, it is necessary to stop the forw

ard movem

ent of the paver the vibratory and tam

ping elements shall also be stopped im

mediately. N

o tractive force shall be applied to the m

achine, except that which is controlled from

the machine.

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3. Finishing

The surface smoothness and texture shall m

eet the requirements of S

ubsections 311.3.13 and

311.3.14.

4. C

uring

Unless otherw

ise specified, curing shall be done in accordance with one of the m

ethods

included in Subsection 311.3.15. The curing m

edia shall be applied at the appropriate time

and shall be applied uniformly and com

pletely to all surfaces and edges of the pavement.

5. Joints

All joints shall be constructed in accordance with Subsection 311.3.12.

6. P

rotection Against R

ain

In order that the concrete may be properly protected against rain before the concrete is

sufficiently hardened, the Contractor w

ill be required to have available at all times, m

aterials

for the protection of the edges and surface of the unhardened concrete. Such protective

materials shall consist of standard m

etal forms or w

ood planks having a nominal thickness of

not less than 50 mm

(2 inches) and a nominal w

idth of not less than the thickness of the

pavement at its edge for the protection of the pavem

ent edges, and covering material such

as burlap or cotton mats, curing paper or plastic sheeting m

aterials for the protection of the

surface of the pavement. W

hen rain appears imm

inent, all paving operations shall stop and

all available personnel shall begin placing form

s against the sides of the pavement and

covering the surface of the unhardened concrete with the protective covering.

311.3.20 Acceptance o

f Concrete

Toe strength level of the concrete will be considered satisfactory if the averages of all sets of three

(3) consecutive strength test results equal or exceed the specified strength, fc' and no individual

strength test result is deficient by more than 15%

of the specified strength, fc'. C

oncrete deemed

to be not acceptable using the above criteria may be rejected unless the C

ontractor can provide

evidence, by means o

f core tests, that the quality of concrete represented by failed test results is

acceptable in place. At least three (3) representative cores shall be taken from

each mem

ber or

area of concrete in place that is considered deficient. The location of cores shall be determ

ined by

the Engineer so that there w

ill be at least impairm

ent of strength of the structure. Toe obtaining

and testing of drilled cores shall be in accordance w

ith AASHTO

T 24.

Concrete in the area represented by the cores w

ill be considered adequate if the average strength

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of the cores is equal to at least 85%

of, and if no single core is less than 75% of, the specified

strength, fc'.

If the strength of control specim

ens does not meet the requirem

ents of this S

ubsection, and it is

not feasible or no

t advisable to obtain cores from the structure due to structural considerations,

payment o

f the concrete will be m

ade at an adjusted price due to strength deficiency o

f concrete

specimens as specified hereunder:

Deficiency in S

trength of

Pe

rcen

t(%) o

f Contract

Concrete S

pecimens,

Price A

llowed

Pe

rcen

t(%)

Less than 5 100

5 to less than 10 80




250 or more

0

31

1.3

.21

Op

enin

g o

f Traffic

The E

ngineer will decide w

hen the pavement m

ay be opened to traffic. T

he road will n

ot be

opened to tra

ffic until test specimens m

olded and cured in accordance with

AA

SH

TO T

23 have

attained the

minim

um strength requirem

ents in

Subsection 311.2.11. If such

tests are no

t

conducted prior to the specified age the pavem

ent shall not be operated to tra

ffic until 14 days

afte

r the concrete was placed. B

efore opening to traffic, th

e pavem

ent shall be cleaned and

join

t sealing completed.

31

1.3

.22

To

lerance an

d P

avemen

t Th

ickness

1. G

eneral

The thickness o

f the pavement w

ill be determined

by measurem

ent of cores from

the

completed pavem

ent in accordance with

AA

SH

TO T

148.

The com

pleted pavement shall be accepted on a lo

t basis. A lo

t shall be considered as 1000

linear meters o

f pavement w

hen a single traffic lane is poured o

r 500 linear meters w

hen

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two

lanes are poured concurrently. The last u

nit in each slab constitutes a lot in itself w

hen its length is a

t least ½ o

f the normal lo

t length. If the length of the last u

nit is shorter than

½ o

f the

normal lo

t length, it shall be included in the

previous lot.

Other areas

such as

intersections, entrances,

crossovers, ram

p, etc.,

will

be grouped

tog

eth

er to

form

a lot. Sm

all irregular areas may be included w

ith other un

it areas to form

a lot.

Each lo

t will be divided in

to five (5

) equal segments and one core w

ill be obtained from

each segm

ent in accordance with

AA

SH

TO T

24.

2. P

avement T

hickness

It is the inte

nt o

f this Specification th

at the pavem

ent has a uniform thickness as called fo

r on th

e P

lans for th

e average o

f each lot as defined. After the pavem

ent has me

t all surface sm

oothness requirements, cores fo

r thickness measurem

ents will be taken.

In calculating th

e average thickness o

f the pavement, individual m

easurements w

hich are in excess o

f the

specified thickness by more than 5 m

m w

ill be considered as the specified thickness plus 5 m

m and m

easurement w

hich are less than the specified thickness by m

ore than 25 m

m shall n

ot be included in the average. W

hen the average thickness for the lo

t is deficient, th

e contract u

nit price w

ill be adjusted for thickness in accordance with paragraph

(3 below).

Individual areas with

in a segm

ent found deficient in thickness by more than 25 m

m shall

be evaluated by th

e E

ngineer, and if in his judgment, the deficient areas w

arrant removal,

the

y shall be removed and replaced b

y the Contractor w

ith pavem

ent of th

e specified

thickness at his entire expense.

How

ever, if the evaluation of the E

ngineer is tha

t the

deficient area should n

ot be rem

oved and replaced, such area will n

ot be paid.

When the m

easurement o

f any core is less than the

specified thickness by more than 25

mm

, the actual thickness o

f the

pavement in

this area w

ill be determined

by taking additional cores a

t no less than 5 m intervals parallel to

the center line in each direction from

the

affected location until a core is found in each direction, which is n

ot deficient in

thickness by m

ore

than 25 mm

. The area o

f slab for w

hich no payment w

ill be made shall

be the

pro

du

ct of th

e paving w

idth

multiplied by the distance along the center line o

f the road betw

een transverse sections found no

t deficient in thickness by more than 25 m

m.

The thickness o

f the remainder o

f the segment to

be used to g

et the average thickness o

f each lo

t shall be determined b

y taking the average thickness of additional cores w

hich are n

ot d

eficie

nt b

y more th

an

25 mm

.

3. A

djustment fo

r Thickness

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When the average thickness of the pavem

ent per lot is deficient, payment for the lot shall be

adjusted as follows:

Deficiency in the Average

Percent (%

) of Contract

Thickness per lot (mm

) Price per Lot

0-5 100%

payment

6-10 95 %

payment

11-15 85 %

payment

16-20 70 %

payment

21-25 50 %

payment

More than 25

Rem

ove and replace/No

payment

No acceptance and final paym

ent shall be made on com

pleted pavement unless core test for

thickness determination is conducted, except for B

arangay Roads w

here the implem

enting office is allow

ed to waive such test.

31

1.4

M

ETH

OD

OF M

EA

SU

RE

ME

NT

Toe area to be paid for under this Item shall be the num

ber of square meters (m

2) of concrete

pavement placed and accepted in the com

pleted pavement. Toe w

idth for measurem

ents will be

the width from

outside edge to outside edge of completed pavem

ent as placed in accordance with

the Plans or as otherwise required

by the Engineer in w

riting. Toe length will

be measured

horizontally along the center line of each roadway or ram

p. Any curb and gutter placed shall not be included in the area o

f concrete pavement m

easured.

31

1.5

B

AS

IS FO

R P

AY

ME

NT

Toe accepted quantity, measured as prescribed in S

ection 311.4, shall be paid for at the contract

unit price for

Portland

Cem

ent C

oncrete P

avement,

which

price and

payment

shall be full

compensation for preparation o

f roadbed and finishing of shoulders, unless otherwise provided by

the Special P

rovisions, furnishing all materials, for m

ixing, placing, finishing and curing all concrete, for furnishing and placing all joint m

aterials, for sawing w

eakened plane joints, for fitting the prefabricated center m

etal joint, for facilitating and controlling traffic, and for furnishing all labor, equipm

ent, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the Item

.

Paym

ent will be m

ade in accordance with the Bill o

f Quantities.

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PAR

T F -

RO

AD

CO

NS

TR

UC

TIO

N

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ITE

M 4

04

-R

EIN

FO

RC

ING

STE

EL

40

4.1

D

ES

CR

imO

N

This Item shall consist of furnishing, bending, fabricating and placing of steel reinforcem

ent of the type, size, shape and grade required in accordance w

ith this Specification and in conform

ity with

the requirements show

n on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer.

40

4.2

MA

TE

RIA

LS

RE

QU

IRE

ME

NT

S

Reinforcing shall be deform

ed and shall meet PNS 49 W

eldable/ASTM A706.

The minim

um yield

strength shall be as follows

:

For 12 mm

dia. and smaller:

fy = 276 M

Pa (40 Ksi)

For 16 mm

dia. and larger:

fy = 414 M

Pa (60 Ksi)

Modulus of E

lasticity, Es = 200,000 M

Pa

40

4.3

CO

NS

TR

UC

TIO

N R

EQ

UIR

EM

EN

TS

40

4.3

.1 O

rder List

Before materials are ordered, all order lists and bending diagram

s shall be furnished

by the C

ontractor, for approval of the Engineer. The approval of order lists and bending diagrams by the

Engineer shall in no way relieve the C

ontractor of responsibility for the correctness of such lists and diagram

s. Any expense incident to the revisions of materials furnished in accordance w

ith such lists and diagram

s to make them

comply w

ith the Plans shall be borne by the Contractor.

40

4.3

.2 P

rotectio

n o

f Material .

Steel reinforcement shall be stored above the surface of the ground upon platform

s, skids, or other supports and

shall be

protected as

far as

practicable from

m

echanical injury

and surface

deterioration caused

by exposure

to conditions

producing rust.

When

placed in

the w

ork, reinforcem

ent shall be free from dirt, detrim

ental rust, loose scale, paint, grease, oil, or other

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foreign m

aterials. R

einforcement

shall be

free from

injurious

defects such

as cracks

and lam

inations. Rust, surface seam

s, surface irregularities or mill scale w

ill not be cause for rejection, provided the m

inimum

dimensions, cross-sectional

area and tensile properties of a hand wire

brushed specimen m

eets the physical requirements for the size and grade of steel specified.

40

4.3

.3 B

end

ing

All reinforcing bars requiring bending shall be cold-bent to the shapes shown on the Plans or

required by the Engineer. Bars shall be bent around a circular pin having the follow

ing diameters

(D) in relation to the diam

eter of the bar (d):

Nom

inal Diam

eter, d, mm

Pin diam

eter (D)

10 to 20 100%

payment

25 to 29 95 %

payment

32 to greater 85 %

payment

Bends and hooks in stirrups or ties may be bent to the diam

eter of the principal bar enclosed therein.

40

4.3

.4 P

lacing and

Fasten

ing

.

All steel reinforcement shall be accurately placed in the position show

n on the Plans or required by the E

ngineer and firmly held there during the placing and setting of the concrete

. Bars shall be tied at all intersections except w

here spacing is less than 300 mm

in each direction, in which case,

alternate intersections shall be tied. lies shall be fastened on the inside

.

Distance from

the forms shall be m

aintained by means of stays, blocks, ties, hangers, or other

approved supports, so that it does not vary from the position indicated on the Plans by m

ore than 6 m

m. Blocks for holding reinforcem

ent from contact w

ith the forms shall be precast m

ortar blocks of approved shapes and dim

ensions. Layers of bars shall be separated by precast mortar blocks or

by other equally suitable devices. The use of pebbles, pieces of broken stone or brick, metal pipe

and wooden blocks shall not be perm

itted. Unless otherw

ise shown on the Plans or required by the

Engineer, the m

inimum

distance between bars shall be 40 m

m. R

einforcement in any m

ember shall

be placed and then inspected and approved by the Engineer before the placing of concrete begins.

Concrete placed in violation of this provision m

ay be rejected and removal m

ay be required. If fabric reinforcem

ent is shipped in rolls, it shall be straightened before being placed. Bundled bars

shall be tied together at not more than 1.8 m

intervals.

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404.3.5 Splicing

All reinforcement shall be furnished In the full lengths Indicated on the Plans. Splicing of bars, except where shown on the Plans, will not be permitted without the written approval of the Engineer. Splices shall be staggered as far as possible and with a minimum separation of not less than 40 bar diameters. Not more than one-third of the bars may be spliced in the same crosssection, except where shown on the Plans.

Unless otherwise shown on the Plans, bars shall be lapped a minimum distance of:

Splice Type Grade 40 But not less

Gate 60 than

Tension 24 bar. dia 36 bar dia 300 mm

Compression 20 bar. dia 32 bar dia 300 mm

In lapped splices, the bars shall be placed in contact and wired together. Lapped splices will not be permitted at locations where the concrete sections is insufficient to provide minimum clear distance of one and one-third the maximum size of coarse aggregate between the splice and the nearest adjacent bar. Welding of reinforcing steel shall be done only if detailed on the Plans or if authorized by the Engineer in writing. Spiral reinforcement shall be spliced by lapping at least one and a half turns or by butt welding unless otherwise shown on the Plans.

404.3.6 Lapping of Bar Mat

Sheets of mesh or bar mat reinforcement shall overlap each other sufficiently to maintain a uniform strength and shall be securely fastened at the ends and edges. The overlap shall not be less than one mesh in width.

404.4 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT

The quantity of reinforcing steel to be paid for will be the final quantity placed and accepted in the completed structure. No allowance will be made for tie-wires, separators, wire chairs and other material used in fastening the reinforcing steel in place. If bars are substituted upon the Contractor's request and approved by the Engineer and as a result thereof more steel is used than specified, only the mass specified shall be measured for payment.

No measurement or payment will be made for splices added by the Contractor unless directed or approved by the Engineer.

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When there is no item for reinforcing steel in the Bill of Quantities, costs will be considered as incidental to the other items in the Bill of Quantities.

404,5 BASIS OF PAYMENT

The accepted quantity, measured as prescribed in Section 404.4, shall be paid for at the contract unit price for Reinforcing Steel which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials, including all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the work prescribed in this Item.

Payment will be made in accordance with the Bill of Quantities.

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ed

ITE

M 4

05

-S

TRU

CTU

RA

L C

ON

CR

ETE

40

5.1

D

ES

CR

IPT

ION

40

5.1

.1 S

cop

e

This

Ite

m

shal

l co

nsis

t of

fur

nish

ing,

pl

acin

g an

d fin

ishi

ng

conc

rete

in

al

l st

ruct

ures

ex

cept

pave

men

ts

in

acco

rdan

ce

with

th

is

Spe

cific

atio

n an

d co

nfor

min

g to

th

e lin

es,

grad

es,

and

dim

ensi

ons

show

n on

the

Pla

ns.

Con

cret

e sh

all

cons

ist

of a

mix

ture

of

Por

tland

Cem

ent,

fine

aggr

egat

e, c

oars

e ag

greg

ate,

adm

ixtu

res

whe

n sp

ecifi

ed,

and

wat

er m

ixed

in

the

prop

ortio

ns

spec

ified

or

appr

oved

by

the

Eng

inee

r.

40

5.1

.2 C

lass

es a

nd

Use

s o

f C

on

cret

e

Five

cla

sses

of c

oncr

ete

are

prov

ided

for

in th

is I

tem

, na

mel

y: A

, B,

C,

P an

d Se

al.

Each

cla

ss s

hall

be u

sed

in t

hat

part

of th

e st

ruct

ure

as c

alle

d fo

r on

the

Plan

s.

The

clas

ses

of c

oncr

ete

will

gene

rally

be

used

as

follo

ws:

Cla

ss A

-Al

l su

pers

truct

ures

and

hea

vily

rei

nfor

ced

subs

truct

ures

. Th

e im

porta

nt p

arts

of

the

stru

ctur

e in

clud

ed a

re s

labs

, bea

ms,

gird

ers,

col

umns

, arc

h rib

s, b

ox c

ulve

rts, r

einf

orce

d ab

utm

ents

,

reta

inin

g w

alls

, an

d re

info

rced

foo

tings

.

Cla

ss B

-Fo

otin

gs,

pede

stal

s, m

assi

ve p

ier s

hafts

, pi

pe b

eddi

ng,

and

grav

ity w

alls

, un

rein

forc

ed o

r

with

onl

y a

smal

l am

ount

of r

einf

orce

men

t.

Cla

ss C

-Th

in r

einf

orce

d se

ctio

ns,

railin

gs,

prec

ast R

. C.

pile

s an

d cr

ibbi

ng a

nd f

or fi

ller

in s

teel

grid

floor

s.

Cla

ss P

-P

rest

ress

ed c

oncr

ete

stru

ctur

es a

nd m

embe

rs

Seal

-C

oncr

ete

depo

site

d in

wat

er.

40

5.2

M

AT

ER

IAL

RE

QU

IRE

ME

NT

S

40

5.2

.1 P

ort

lan

d C

emen

t

It s

hall

conf

orm

to

all t

he r

equi

rem

ents

of S

ubse

ctio

n 31

1.2.

1.

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

email

ed

40

5.2

.2 F

ine

Ag

gre

gat

e

It s

nail

conf

orm

to

all t

he r

equi

rem

ents

of S

ubse

ctio

n 31

1.2.

2

40

5.2

.3 C

oars

e A

gg

reg

ate

It s

hall

conf

orm

to

all t

he r

equi

rem

ents

of S

ubse

ctio

n 31

1.2.

3 ex

cept

that

gra

datio

n sh

all c

onfo

rm

to T

able

405

.1.

Tabl

e 40

5.1

Gra

ding

Req

uire

men

ts fo

r C

oars

e A

ggre

gate

Serv

e D

esig

natio

n M

ass

Per

cent

Pas

sing

Sta

ndar

d A

ltern

ate

us

Cla

ss A

C

lass

B

Cla

ss C

C

lass

P

Cla

ss S

eal

mm

S

tand

ard

63

2-1/

2"

100

50

2"

100

95-1

00

37.5

1-

1/2

" 95

-100

-

100

25

1"

-35

-70

100

95-1

00

19.0

3/

4"

35-7

0 -

100

95-1

00

-

12.5

1/

2"

-10

-30

90-1

00

-25

-60

9.5

3/8"

10

-30

-40

-70

0-55

-

4.75

N

o. 4

0-

5 0-

5 0-

15*

0-10

* 0-

10*

* Th

e m

easu

red

cem

ent

cont

ent

shal

l be

with

in p

lus

( +)

or m

inus

( -)

2 m

ass

perc

ent

of th

e de

sign

con

tent

40

5.2

.4 W

ater

It s

hall

conf

orm

to

the

requ

irem

ents

of S

ubse

ctio

n 31

1.2.

4.

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

email

ed

40

5.2

.5 R

ein

forc

ing

Ste

el

It s

hall

conf

orm

to

the

requ

irem

ents

of I

tem

404

, re

info

rcin

g S

teel

.

40

5.2

.6 A

dm

ixtu

res

Adm

ixtu

res

shal

l con

form

to

the

requ

irem

ents

of S

ubse

ctio

n 31

1.2.

7.

40

5.2

. 7 C

uri

ng

mat

eria

ls

Cur

ing

mat

eria

ls s

hall

conf

orm

to

the

requ

irem

ents

of S

ubse

ctio

n 31

1.2.

8.

40

5.2

.8 E

xpan

sio

n J

oin

t M

ater

ial

Exp

ansi

on jo

int m

ater

ials

sha

ll be

:

1.

Pre

form

ed S

pong

e R

ubbe

r an

d C

ork,

con

form

ing

to A

ASH

TO M

153

. 2.

H

ot-P

oure

d E

last

ic T

ype,

con

form

ing

to A

ASH

TO M

173

. 3.

P

refo

rmed

Fille

rs,

conf

orm

ing

to A

ASH

TO M

213

.

40

5.2

.9 E

last

om

eric

Co

mp

ress

ion

Jo

int

Sea

ls

Thes

e sh

all c

onfo

rm t

o AA

SHTO

M 2

20.

40

5.2

.10

Ela

sto

mer

ic P

ads

Thes

e sh

all c

onfo

rm t

o AA

SHTO

M 2

51 o

r Ite

m 4

12 -

Ela

stom

eric

Bea

ring

Pads

40

5.2

.11

Sto

rag

e o

f C

emen

t an

d A

gg

reg

ates

Sto

rage

of c

emen

t and

agg

rega

tes

shal

l con

form

to

all t

he r

equi

rem

ents

of S

ubse

ctio

n 31

1.2.

10.

40

5.3

SA

MP

LIN

G A

ND

TE

ST

ING

OF

STR

UC

TUR

AL

CO

NC

RE

TE

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

email

ed

As w

ork

prog

ress

es, a

t lea

st o

ne (

1) s

ampl

e co

nsis

ting

of t

hree

(3)

con

cret

e cy

linde

r tes

t spe

cim

ens,

15

0 x

300

mm

(6

x 12

inch

es),

shal

l be

tak

en f

rom

eac

h se

vent

y fiv

e (7

5) c

ubic

met

res

of e

ach

clas

s o

f con

cret

e or

frac

tion

ther

eof p

lace

d ea

ch d

ay.

Com

plia

nce

with

the

req

uire

men

ts o

f th

is S

ectio

n sh

all

be d

eter

min

ed i

n ac

cord

ance

with

the

fo

llow

ing

stan

dard

met

hods

of A

ASH

TO:

Sam

plin

g o

f Fre

sh C

oncr

ete

Wei

ght p

er c

u. m

. an

d ai

r co

nten

t (G

ravi

0Met

ric)

of c

oncr

ete

Sie

ve a

naly

sis

of f

ine

and

coar

se a

ggre

gate

s

Slu

mp

of P

ortla

nd c

emen

t agg

rega

te.

Spe

cific

Gra

vity

and

abs

orpt

ion

of th

e fin

e ag

greg

ate

Test

s fo

r st

reng

th s

hall

be m

ade

in a

ccor

danc

e w

ith t

he f

ollo

win

g:

Mak

ing

and

curin

g co

ncre

te c

ompr

essi

ve

and

flexu

ral t

ests

spe

cim

ens

in t

he fi

eld

Com

pres

sive

stre

ngth

of m

olde

d co

ncre

te c

ylin

ders

40

5.4

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N R

EQ

UIE

ME

NT

S

40

5.4

.1 P

rop

ort

ion

ing

an

d S

tren

gth

of S

tru

ctu

ral C

on

cret

e

T 1

41

T 1

21

T 2

7

T 1

19

T8

4

T 2

3

T 2

2

The

conc

rete

mat

eria

ls s

hall

be p

ropo

rtion

ed in

acc

orda

nce

with

the

requ

irem

ents

for

eac

h cl

ass

of

conc

rete

as

spec

ified

in T

able

405

.2, u

sing

the

abso

lute

vol

ume

met

hod

as o

utlin

ed in

the

Am

eric

an

Con

cret

e In

stitu

te (

AC

I) S

tand

ard

211.

1, "

Rec

omm

ende

d P

ract

ice

for

Sel

ectin

g P

ropo

rtion

s fo

r N

orm

al a

nd H

eavy

wei

ght C

oncr

ete"

. ot

her

met

hods

of p

ropo

rtion

ing

may

be

empl

oyed

in

the

mix

de

sign

with

prio

r ap

prov

al o

f the

Eng

inee

r. Th

e m

ix s

hall

eith

er b

e de

sign

ed o

r ap

prov

ed b

y th

e E

ngin

eer.

A c

hang

e in

the

sou

rce

of m

ater

ials

dur

ing

the

prog

ress

of w

ork

may

nec

essi

tate

a n

ew

mix

des

ign.

The

stre

ngth

req

uire

men

ts f

or e

ach

clas

s o

f con

cret

e sh

all b

e as

spe

cifie

d in

Tab

le 4

05.2

.

Tabl

e 40

5.2

-C

ompo

sitio

n an

d S

treng

th o

f Con

cret

e fo

r us

e in

Stru

ctur

es

Cla

ss o

f M

inim

um

Max

imum

C

onsi

sten

cy

Des

igna

ted

Min

imum

C

oncr

ete

Cem

ent

rang

e in

Si

ze o

f Coa

rse

Com

pres

sive

C

onte

nt p

er

Wat

er/

Slu

mp

mm

A

ggre

gate

S

treng

th o

f m

3kg

C

emen

t (in

ch)

Squ

are

150x

300

mm

(b

ag**

) R

atio

kg/

kg

conc

rete

cy

linde

r

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

email

ed

Ope

ning

Std

. sp

ecim

en a

t

mm

28

day

s,

MN

/m2

(psi

)

360

50-1

00

37

.5-4

.75

2

0.7

A

0.5

3 (9

ba

gs)

(2

-4)

(1 ½

"-N

o.

4)

(30

00

)

320

50-1

00

50

-4.7

5 1

6.5

B

0.58

(8

ba

gs)

(2

-4)

(2"-

No.

4)

(24

00

)

380

50-1

00

12.5

-4.7

5 2

0.7

C

0.55

(9

.5 b

ags)

(2

-4)

(1/2

" -

No.

4)

(30

00

)

440

100

max

. 19

-4.7

5 3

7.7

p

0.49

(1

1 ba

gs)

(4 m

ax)

(3

/4"

-N

o. 4

) (5

00

0)

380

100-

200

25 -

4.75

2

0.7

Sea

l 0.

59

(9.5

bag

s)

(4-8

) (1

"-N

o.

4)

(30

00

)

* Th

e m

easu

red

cem

en

t co

nte

nt

shal

l be

with

in p

lus

or

min

us 2

mas

s p

erc

en

t o

f th

e d

esig

n

cem

en

t co

nte

nt

** B

ased

on

40

kg/b

ag

40

5.4

.2 C

on

sist

ency

Con

cret

e sh

all

ha

ve a

con

sist

ency

suc

h th

at

it w

ill b

e w

orka

ble

in t

he

req

uire

d po

sitio

n. I

t sh

all

be

of s

uch

a co

nsis

tenc

y th

at it

will

flo

w a

roun

d re

info

rcin

g st

eel

bu

t ind

ivid

ual

part

icle

s o

f th

e c

oars

e

aggr

egat

e w

he

n i

sola

ted

shal

l sh

ow a

coa

ting

of

mo

rta

r co

ntai

ning

its

pro

po

rtio

na

te a

mo

un

t o

f

sand

. T

he c

onsi

sten

cy o

f con

cret

e sh

all b

e ga

uged

by

the

ab

ility

of t

he

eq

uip

me

nt t

o p

rop

erl

y pl

ace

it a

nd n

ot

by

the

diff

icu

lty i

n m

ixin

g an

d tr

an

spo

rtin

g.

Th

e q

ua

nti

ty o

f m

ixin

g w

ate

r sh

all

be

de

term

ine

d b

y th

e E

ngin

eer

and

shal

l n

ot

be v

arie

d w

ith

ou

t hi

s co

nsen

t. C

oncr

ete

as d

ry a

s it

is

prac

tical

to

pla

ce w

ith t

he

eq

uip

me

nt

spec

ified

sha

ll be

use

d.

40

5.4

.3 B

atch

ing

Mea

surin

g an

d b

atc

hin

g o

f m

ater

ials

sha

ll be

do

ne

at

a ba

tchi

ng p

lan

t.

1.

Por

tland

Cem

ent

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

email

ed

Eith

er s

acke

d or

bul

k ce

men

t may

be

used

. N

o fra

ctio

n o

f a s

ack

of c

emen

t sha

ll be

use

d in

a

batc

h of

con

cret

e un

less

the

cem

ent

is w

eigh

ed.

All

bulk

cem

ent

shal

l be

wei

ghed

on

an

appr

oved

wei

ghin

g de

vice

. Th

e bu

lk c

emen

t w

eigh

ing

hopp

er s

hall

be p

rope

rly s

eale

d an

d ve

nted

to

prec

lude

dus

ting

oper

atio

n. T

he d

isch

arge

chu

te s

hall

not

be s

uspe

nded

fro

m t

he

wei

ghin

g ho

pper

and

sha

ll be

so

arra

nged

that

cem

ent w

ill n

eith

er b

e lo

dged

in i

t nor

leak

from

it.

Acc

urac

y of

bat

chin

g sh

all b

e w

ithin

plu

s ( +

) or

min

us (

-) 1

mas

s pe

rcen

t.

2.

Wat

er

Wat

er m

ay b

e m

easu

red

eith

er b

y vo

lum

e or

by

wei

ght.

The

accu

racy

of m

easu

ring

the

wat

er

shal

l be

with

in a

rang

e of

err

or o

f not

mor

e th

an 1

per

cent

.

3.

Agg

rega

tes

Sto

ckpi

ling

of a

ggre

gate

s sh

all

be i

n ac

cord

ance

with

Sub

sect

ion

311.

2.10

. Al

l ag

greg

ates

w

heth

er p

rodu

ced

or h

andl

ed b

y hy

drau

lic m

etho

ds o

r w

ashe

d, s

hall

be s

tock

pile

d or

bin

ned

for

drai

ning

for

at l

east

12

hour

s pr

ior t

o ba

tchi

ng.

Rai

l shi

pmen

t req

uirin

g m

ore

than

12

hour

s w

ill be

acc

epte

d as

ade

quat

e bi

nnin

g on

ly i

f th

e ca

r bo

dies

per

mit

free

drai

nage

. If

the

ag

greg

ates

con

tain

hig

h or

non

-uni

form

moi

stur

e co

nten

t, st

orag

e or

sto

ckpi

le p

erio

d in

exc

ess

of 1

2 ho

urs

may

be

requ

ired

by th

e E

ngin

eer.

Bat

chin

g sh

all

be c

ondu

cted

as

to r

esul

t in

a 2

mas

s pe

rcen

t m

axim

um t

oler

ance

for

the

re

quire

d m

ater

ials

.

4.

Bins

and

Sca

les

The

batc

hing

pla

nt s

hall

incl

ude

sepa

rate

bin

s fo

r bu

lk c

emen

t, fin

e ag

greg

ate

and

for

each

si

ze o

f coa

rse

aggr

egat

e, a

wei

ghin

g ho

pper

, and

sca

les

capa

ble

of d

eter

min

ing

accu

rate

ly th

e m

ass

of e

ach

com

pone

nt o

f the

bat

ch.

Scal

es s

hall

be a

ccur

ate

to o

ne-h

alf (

0.5)

per

cent

thro

ugho

ut th

e ra

nge

used

.

5.

Bat

chin

g

Whe

n ba

tche

s ar

e ha

uled

to

the

mix

er,

bulk

cem

ent

shal

l be

tra

nspo

rted

eith

er in

wat

erpr

oof

com

partm

ents

or

betw

een

the

fine

and

coar

se a

ggre

gate

. W

hen

cem

ent

is p

lace

d in

con

tact

w

ith m

oist

agg

rega

tes,

bat

ches

will

be re

ject

ed u

nles

s m

ixed

with

in 1

-1/2

hou

rs o

f suc

h co

ntac

t. S

acke

d ce

men

t may

be

trans

porte

d on

top

of t

he a

ggre

gate

s.

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

email

ed

Bat

ches

sha

ll be

del

iver

ed t

o th

e m

ixer

sep

arat

e an

d in

tact

. E

ach

batc

h sh

all b

e du

mpe

d cl

eanl

y in

to t

he

mix

er w

itho

ut

loss

, an

d, w

hen

mor

e th

an o

ne b

atch

is

carr

ied

on t

he t

ruck

, w

ithou

t sp

illin

g o

f m

ater

ial

from

one

bat

ch c

ompa

rtm

ent

into

ano

ther

.

6.

Adm

ixtu

res

The

C

ontr

acto

r sh

all

follo

w

an

appr

oved

pr

oced

ure

for

addi

ng

the

spec

ified

a

mo

un

t of

ad

mix

ture

to

eac

h ba

tch

and

will

be

resp

onsi

ble

for

its u

nifo

rm o

pera

tion

du

ring

the

pro

gres

s o

f th

e w

ork.

H

e sh

all p

rovi

de s

epar

ate

scal

es f

or

the

adm

ixtu

res

whi

ch a

re t

o b

e p

rop

ort

ione

d by

wei

ght,

and

accu

rate

mea

sure

s fo

r th

ose

to b

e pr

opor

tione

d by

vol

ume.

A

dmix

ture

s sh

all

be m

easu

red

into

the

mix

er w

ith a

n ac

cura

cy o

f plu

s o

r m

inus

thr

ee (

3) p

erce

nt.

The

use

of C

alci

um C

hlor

ide

as a

n ad

mix

ture

will

no

t be

per

mitt

ed.

40

5,4

.4 M

ixin

g a

nd

Del

iver

y

Con

cret

e m

ay b

e m

ixed

at t

he s

ite o

f con

stru

ctio

n, a

t a c

entr

al p

oint

or b

y a

com

bina

tion

of c

entr

al

poin

t and

tru

ck m

ixin

g o

r by

a c

ombi

natio

n o

f cen

tral

poi

nt m

ixin

g an

d tr

uck

agi

tatin

g. M

ixin

g an

d de

liver

y o

f co

ncre

te s

hall

be i

n ac

cord

ance

with

the

app

ropr

iate

req

uire

men

ts o

f A

AS

HTO

M 1

57

exce

pt a

s m

odifi

ed in

the

fol

low

ing

para

grap

hs o

f thi

s se

ctio

n, f

or

tru

ck m

ixin

g o

r a

com

bin

atio

n of

ce

ntra

l p

oin

t an

d tr

uck

mix

ing

or

truc

k ag

itatin

g. D

eliv

ery

of

conc

rete

sha

ll be

reg

ulat

ed s

o th

at

plac

ing

is a

t a

cont

inuo

us r

ate

unle

ss d

elay

ed b

y th

e pl

acin

g op

erat

ions

. T

he i

nter

vals

bet

wee

n de

liver

y o

f ba

tche

s sh

all

no

t be

so

grea

t as

to

allo

w t

he c

oncr

ete

in p

lace

to

har

den

part

ially

, an

d in

no

case

sha

ll su

ch a

n in

terv

al e

xcee

d 30

min

utes

.

In e

xcep

tiona

l cas

es a

nd w

hen

volu

met

ric m

easu

rem

ents

are

aut

horiz

ed,

for

smal

l pro

ject

requ

iring

le

ss t

han

75 c

u.m

. pe

r da

y o

f po

urin

g, t

he w

eigh

t pr

opor

tions

sha

ll be

con

vert

ed t

o e

quiv

alen

t vo

lum

etric

pr

opor

tions

. In

suc

h ca

ses,

su

itabl

e al

low

ance

sha

ll be

m

ade

for

varia

tions

in

the

m

oist

ure

cond

ition

of

the

aggr

egat

es,

incl

udin

g th

e bu

lkin

g ef

fect

in t

he

fin

e ag

greg

ate.

Bat

chin

g an

d m

ixin

g sh

all

be in

acc

orda

nce

with

AS

TM C

685

, S

ectio

n 6

thro

ugh

9.

Con

cret

e m

ixin

g, b

y ch

ute

is a

llow

ed p

rovi

ded

tha

t a

wei

ghin

g sc

ales

fo

r de

term

inin

g th

e b

atch

w

eigh

t will

be

used

.

For

batc

h m

ixin

g a

t the

site

of c

onst

ruct

ion

or

at a

cen

tral

poi

nt,

a ba

tch

mix

er o

f an

appr

oved

typ

e sh

all

be u

sed.

Mix

er h

avin

g a

rate

d ca

paci

ty o

f le

ss t

han

a on

e-ba

g ba

tch

shal

l n

ot

be u

sed

. T

he

vo

lum

e o

f con

cret

e m

ixed

per

bat

ch s

hall

no

t exc

eed

the

mix

er's

nom

inal

cap

acity

as

show

n on

th

e

man

ufac

ture

r's s

tand

ard

ratin

g pl

ate

on t

he

mix

er e

xcep

t th

at

an o

verlo

ad u

p to

lO

pe

rce

nt a

bove

th

e m

ixer

's

nom

inal

ca

paci

ty

may

be

pe

rmitt

ed,

prov

ided

co

ncre

te

test

da

ta

for

stre

ngth

, se

greg

atio

n, a

nd u

nifo

rm c

onsi

sten

cy a

re s

atis

fact

ory

and

prov

ided

no

spill

age

of

conc

rete

tak

es

plac

e. T

he b

atch

sha

ll be

so

char

ge in

to th

e d

rum

th

at a

por

tion

of t

he

wa

ter

shal

l en

ter

in a

dvan

ce

of

the

cem

ent

and

aggr

egat

es.

The

flo

w o

f w

ate

r sh

all

be u

nifo

rm a

nd a

ll w

ate

r sh

all

be i

n th

e dr

um b

y th

e e

nd o

f th

e f

irst

15

seco

nds

of t

he m

ixin

g pe

riod.

Mix

ing

time

sha

ll be

mea

sure

d fr

om

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

email

ed

the

time

all m

ater

ials

, ex

cept

wat

er,

are

in th

e dr

um.

Mix

ing

time

shal

l not

be

less

than

60

seco

nds

for

mix

ers

havi

ng a

cap

acity

of

1.S

m3

or le

ss.

For

mix

ers

havi

ng a

cap

acity

gre

ater

than

1.5

m3,

th

e m

ixin

g tim

e sh

all n

ot b

e le

ss th

an 9

0 se

cond

s. I

f tim

ing

star

ts,

the

inst

ant t

he s

kip

reac

hes

its

max

imum

rai

sed

posi

tion,

4 s

econ

ds s

hall

be a

dded

to

the

spec

ified

mix

ing

time.

Mix

ing

time

ends

w

hen

the

disc

harg

e ch

ute

open

s.

The

mix

er s

hall

be o

pera

ted

at th

e dr

um s

peed

as

show

n on

the

man

ufac

ture

r's n

ame

plat

e on

the

mix

er.

Any

con

cret

e m

ixed

less

tha

n th

e sp

ecifi

ed t

ime

shal

l be

dis

card

ed a

nd d

ispo

sed

off b

y th

e C

ontra

ctor

at h

is o

wn

expe

nses

.

The

timin

g de

vice

on

stat

iona

ry m

ixer

s sh

all

be e

quip

ped

with

a b

ell

or o

ther

sui

tabl

e w

arni

ng

devi

ce a

djus

ted

to g

ive

a cl

early

aud

ible

sig

nal e

ach

time

the

lock

is r

elea

sed.

In

case

of f

ailu

re o

f th

e tim

ing

devi

ce, t

he C

ontra

ctor

will

be p

erm

itted

to c

ontin

ue o

pera

tions

whi

le i

t is

bein

g re

paire

d,

prov

ided

he

furn

ishe

s an

app

rove

d tim

epie

ce e

quip

ped

with

min

ute

and

seco

nd h

ands

. If

the

timin

g de

vice

is n

ot p

lace

d in

goo

d w

orki

ng o

rder

with

in 2

4 ho

urs,

fur

ther

use

of t

he m

ixer

will

be

proh

ibite

d un

til r

epai

rs a

re m

ade.

Ret

empe

ring

conc

rete

will

not b

e pe

rmitt

ed.

Adm

ixtu

res

for

incr

easi

ng th

e w

orka

bilit

y, fo

r re

tard

ing

the

set,

or fo

r ac

cele

ratin

g th

e se

t or

impr

ovin

g th

e pu

mpi

ng c

hara

cter

istic

s o

f the

con

cret

e w

ill b

e pe

rmitt

ed o

nly

whe

n sp

ecifi

cally

pro

vide

d fo

r in

the

Con

tract

, or

aut

horiz

ed i

n w

ritin

g by

the

E

ngin

eer.

1.

Mix

ing

Con

cret

e: G

ener

al

Con

cret

e sh

all

be t

horo

ughl

y m

ixed

in a

mix

er o

f an

appr

oved

siz

e an

d ty

pe t

hat w

ill in

sure

a

unifo

rm d

istri

butio

n o

f the

mat

eria

ls th

roug

hout

the

mas

s.

All

conc

rete

sha

ll be

mix

ed i

n m

echa

nica

lly o

pera

ted

mix

ers.

Mix

ing

plan

t an

d eq

uipm

ent

for

trans

porti

ng a

nd p

laci

ng c

oncr

ete

shal

l be

arra

nged

with

an

ampl

e au

xilia

ry i

nsta

llatio

n to

prov

ide

a m

inim

um s

uppl

y o

f con

cret

e in

cas

e o

f bre

akdo

wn

of m

achi

nery

or i

n ca

se th

e no

rmal

supp

ly o

f con

cret

e is

dis

rupt

ed.

The

auxi

liary

sup

ply

of c

oncr

ete

shal

l be

suffi

cien

t to

com

plet

e th

e ca

stin

g o

f a s

ectio

n up

to

a co

nstru

ctio

n jo

int t

hat w

ill m

eet t

he a

ppro

val o

f the

Eng

inee

r.

Equ

ipm

ent

havi

ng c

ompo

nent

s m

ade

of

alum

inum

or

mag

nesi

um a

lloys

, w

hich

wou

ld h

ave

cont

act

with

pla

stic

con

cret

e du

ring

mix

ing,

tra

nspo

rting

or

pum

ping

of

Por

tland

Cem

ent

conc

rete

, sh

all

not b

e us

ed.

Con

cret

e m

ixer

s sh

all

be e

quip

ped

with

ade

quat

e w

ater

sto

rage

and

a d

evic

e of

acc

urat

ely

mea

surin

g an

d au

tom

atic

ally

con

trolli

ng t

he a

mou

nt o

f wat

er u

sed.

Mat

eria

ls s

hall

be m

easu

red

by w

eigh

ing.

The

app

arat

us p

rovi

ded

for

wei

ghin

g th

e ag

greg

ates

and

cem

ent

shal

l be

sui

tabl

y de

sign

ed a

nd c

onst

ruct

ed f

or t

his

purp

ose.

The

acc

urac

y o

f al

l w

eigh

ing

devi

ces

exce

pt th

at fo

r wat

er s

hall

be s

uch

that

suc

cess

ive

quan

titie

s ca

n be

mea

sure

d

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

email

ed

to w

ithin

one

per

cent

of t

he

des

ired

amou

nts.

The

wat

er m

easu

ring

devi

ce s

hall

be a

ccur

ate

to

plu

s o

r m

inus

0.5

mas

s pe

rcen

t. A

ll m

easu

ring

devi

ces

shal

l be

sub

ject

to

the

app

rova

l o

f th

e E

ngin

eer.

Sca

les

and

mea

surin

g de

vice

s sh

all

be t

este

d a

t th

e ex

pens

e o

f the

Con

trac

tor

as f

requ

ently

as

the

Eng

inee

r m

ay d

eem

ne

cess

ary

to i

nsur

e th

eir

acc

urac

y.

We

ighi

ng

equi

pmen

t sh

all

be i

nsul

ated

aga

inst

vib

ratio

n o

r m

ovem

ent

of

othe

r op

erat

ing

equi

pmen

t in

th

e p

lant

. W

hen

the

entir

e pl

ant i

s ru

nnin

g, t

he s

cale

rea

ding

at c

ut-

off

sha

ll n

ot v

ary

from

the

w

eig

ht

desi

gnat

ed b

y th

e E

ngin

eer

mor

e th

an o

ne m

ass

perc

ent

for

cem

ent,

1-1/

2 m

ass

perc

ent f

or

any

size

of a

ggre

gate

, o

r one

(1

) m

ass

perc

ent f

or

the

tota

l agg

rega

te in

any

bat

ch.

2.

Mix

ing

Con

cret

e a

t Site

Con

cret

e m

ixer

s m

ay b

e o

f the

rev

olvi

ng d

rum

or

the

revo

lvin

g bl

ade

type

and

th

e m

ixin

g dr

um

or

blad

es s

hall

be o

pera

ted

unifo

rmly

at t

he

mix

ing

spee

d re

com

men

ded

by th

e m

anuf

actu

rer.

T

he p

ick-

up a

nd t

hro

w-o

ver

blad

es o

f m

ixer

s sh

all

be r

esto

red

or

repl

aced

whe

n an

y p

art

or

sect

ion

is w

orn

20 m

m o

r m

ore

belo

w t

he o

rigin

al h

eigh

t of t

he m

anuf

actu

rer's

des

ign.

Mix

ers

and

agita

tors

whi

ch h

ave

an a

ccum

ulat

ion

of

hard

con

cret

e or

mor

tar

shal

l n

ot b

e us

ed.

Whe

n bu

lk c

emen

t is

use

d an

d vo

lum

e o

f th

e b

atch

is

0.5

m3

or

mor

e, t

he

sca

le a

nd w

eigh

ho

pper

fo

r P

ortla

nd C

emen

t sh

all

be s

epar

ate

and

dist

inct

fro

m

the

aggr

egat

e ho

pper

or

hopp

ers.

The

dis

char

ge m

echa

nism

of

the

bul

k ce

men

t w

eigh

hop

per

shal

l be

int

erlo

cked

ag

ains

t ope

ning

bef

ore

the

full

amou

nt o

f cem

ent i

s in

th

e h

oppe

r. T

he d

isch

argi

ng m

echa

nism

sh

all

also

be

in

terlo

cked

ag

ains

t op

enin

g w

hen

the

amou

nt o

f ce

men

t in

th

e

hopp

er i

s un

derw

eigh

t by

mor

e th

an o

ne (

1)

mas

s pe

rcen

t o

r ov

erw

eigh

t b

y m

ore

than

3 m

ass

perc

ent

of t

he

am

ount

spe

cifie

d.

Whe

n th

e a

ggre

gate

con

tain

s m

ore

wat

er th

an t

he q

uant

ity n

eces

sary

to

pro

duce

a s

atur

ated

su

rfac

e dr

y co

nditi

on,

repr

esen

tativ

e sa

mpl

es

shal

l be

ta

ken

and

the

m

oist

ure

con

ten

t de

term

ined

fo

r ea

ch k

ind

of a

ggre

gate

.

The

bat

ch s

hall

be s

o ch

arge

d in

to t

he m

ixer

th

at s

ome

wat

er w

ill e

nter

in a

dvan

ce o

f cem

ent

and

aggr

egat

e. A

ll w

ater

sha

ll be

in

the

drum

by

the

end

of

the

fir

st q

uart

er o

f th

e s

peci

fied

mix

ing

time.

Cem

ent s

hall

be b

atch

ed a

nd c

harg

ed i

nto

the

mix

er s

o th

at i

t will

no

t res

ult

in lo

ss o

f cem

ent

due

to th

e e

ffec

t of w

ind,

or

in a

ccum

ulat

ion

of c

emen

t on

surf

ace

of c

onve

yors

or

hopp

ers,

or

in o

the

r co

nditi

ons

whi

ch r

educ

e or

var

y th

e re

quire

d qu

antit

y o

f ce

men

t in

th

e c

oncr

ete

mix

ture

.

Th

e e

ntir

e co

nten

t o

f a

batc

h m

ixer

sha

ll be

rem

oved

fro

m t

he

dru

m b

efor

e m

ater

ials

fo

r a

succ

eedi

ng b

atch

are

pla

ced

ther

ein.

The

mat

eria

ls c

ompo

sing

a b

atch

exc

ept

wa

ter

shal

l be

de

posi

ted

sim

ulta

neou

sly

into

th

e m

ixer

.

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

email

ed

All

conc

rete

sha

ll be

mix

ed f

or a

per

iod

of n

ot l

ess

than

1-1

/2 m

inut

es a

fter

all

mat

eria

ls,

incl

udin

g w

ater

, ar

e in

the

mix

er.

Dur

ing

the

perio

d of

mix

ing,

the

mix

er s

hall

oper

ate

at t

he

spee

d fo

r w

hich

it

has

been

des

igne

d.

Mix

ers

shal

l be

ope

rate

d w

ith a

n au

tom

atic

tim

ing

devi

ce t

hat

can

be l

ocke

d by

the

Eng

inee

r.

The

time

devi

ce a

nd d

isch

arge

mec

hani

cs s

hall

be s

o in

terlo

cked

tha

t du

ring

norm

al o

pera

tion

no p

art o

f the

bat

ch w

ill be

cha

rged

unt

il th

e sp

ecifi

ed m

ixin

g tim

e ha

s el

apse

d.

The

first

bat

ch o

f co

ncre

te m

ater

ials

pla

ced

in t

he m

ixer

sha

ll co

ntai

n a

suffi

cien

t ex

cess

of

cem

ent,

sand

, an

d w

ater

to c

oat t

he in

side

of t

he d

rum

with

out

redu

cing

the

req

uire

d m

orta

r co

nten

t of

the

mix

. W

hen

mix

ing

is to

cea

se f

or a

per

iod

of o

ne h

our

or m

ore,

the

mix

er s

hall

be t

horo

ughl

y de

aned

.

3.

Mix

ing

Con

cret

e at

Cen

tral

Pla

nt

Mix

ing

at c

entra

l pla

nt s

hall

conf

orm

to

the

requ

irem

ents

for

mix

ing

at th

e si

te.

4.

Mix

ing

Con

cret

e in

Tru

ck

Truc

k m

ixer

s, u

nles

s ot

herw

ise

auth

oriz

ed b

y th

e E

ngin

eer,

shal

l be

of th

e re

volv

ing

drum

type

, w

ater

-tigh

t, an

d so

con

stru

cted

tha

t the

con

cret

e ca

n be

mix

ed to

insu

re a

uni

form

dis

tribu

tion

of m

ater

ials

thr

ough

out

the

mas

s. A

ll so

lid m

ater

ials

for

the

con

cret

e sh

all

be a

ccur

atel

y m

easu

red

and

char

ged

into

the

dru

m a

t th

e pr

opor

tioni

ng

plan

t. E

xcep

t as

sub

sequ

ently

pr

ovid

ed, t

he tr

uck

mix

er s

hall

be e

quip

ped

with

a d

evic

e by

whi

ch th

e qu

antit

y of

wat

er a

dded

ca

n be

rea

dily

ver

ified

. Th

e m

ixin

g w

ater

may

be

adde

d di

rect

ly to

the

bat

ch,

in w

hich

cas

e a

tank

is n

ot r

equi

red.

Tru

ck m

ixer

s m

ay b

e re

quire

d to

be

prov

ided

with

a m

eans

of w

hich

the

m

ixin

g tim

e ca

n be

rea

dily

ver

ified

by

the

Eng

inee

r.

The

max

imum

size

of b

atch

in tr

uck

mix

ers

shal

l not

exc

eed

the

min

imum

rat

ed c

apac

ity o

f the

m

ixer

as

stat

ed b

y th

e m

anuf

actu

rer

and

stam

ped

in m

etal

on

the

mix

er.

Truc

k m

ixin

g, s

hall,

un

less

oth

erw

ise

dire

cted

be

cont

inue

d fo

r no

t les

s th

an 1

00 r

evol

utio

ns a

fter

all

ingr

edie

nts,

in

clud

ing

wat

er,

are

in th

e dr

um. T

he m

ixin

g sp

eed

shal

l not

be

less

than

4 rp

m,

nor

mor

e th

an

6 rp

m.

Mix

ing

shal

l be

gin

with

in 3

0 m

inut

es a

fter

the

cem

ent

has

been

add

ed e

ither

to

the

wat

er o

r ag

greg

ate,

but

whe

n ce

men

t is

char

ged

into

a m

ixer

dru

m c

onta

inin

g w

ater

or

surfa

ce w

et

aggr

egat

e an

d w

hen

the

tem

pera

ture

is a

bove

32°

C,

this

lim

it sh

all b

e re

duce

d to

15

min

utes

. Th

e lim

itatio

n in

tim

e be

twee

n th

e in

trodu

ctio

n of

the

cem

ent

to t

he a

ggre

gate

and

the

be

ginn

ing

of th

e m

ixin

g m

ay b

e w

aive

d w

hen,

in th

e ju

dgm

ent o

f the

Eng

inee

r, th

e ag

greg

ate

is su

ffici

ently

free

fro

m m

oist

ure,

so

that

ther

e w

ill be

no

harm

ful e

ffect

s on

the

cem

ent.

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

email

ed

Whe

n a

truc

k m

ixer

is u

sed

for

trans

porta

tion,

the

mix

ing

time

spec

ified

in S

ubse

ctio

n 40

5.4

.4

(3)

at a

sta

tiona

ry m

ixer

may

be

redu

ced

to 3

0 se

cond

s an

d th

e m

ixin

g co

mpl

eted

in

a tru

ck

mix

er.

The

mix

ing

time

in t

he t

ruck

mix

er s

hall

be a

s sp

ecifi

ed f

or t

ruck

mix

ing

.

5.

Tra

nspo

rting

Mix

ed C

oncr

ete

Mix

ed c

oncr

ete

may

onl

y be

tran

spor

ted

to th

e de

liver

y po

int

in t

ruck

agi

tato

rs o

r tru

ck m

ixer

s op

erat

ing

at th

e sp

eed

desi

gnat

ed b

y th

e m

anuf

actu

rers

of t

he e

quip

men

t as

agi

tatin

g sp

eed,

or

in n

on-a

gita

ting

haul

ing

equi

pmen

t, pr

ovid

ed t

he c

onsi

sten

cy a

nd w

orka

bilit

y of

the

mix

ed

conc

rete

up

on

disc

harg

e at

th

e de

liver

y po

int

is

suita

ble

for

adeq

uate

pl

acem

ent

and

cons

olid

atio

n in

pla

ce.

Truc

k ag

itato

rs s

hall

be l

oade

d no

t to

exc

eed

the

man

ufac

ture

r's g

uara

ntee

d ca

paci

ty.

They

sh

all

mai

ntai

n th

e m

ixed

con

cret

e in

a th

orou

ghly

mix

ed a

nd u

nifo

rm m

ass

durin

g ha

ulin

g.

No

addi

tiona

l mix

ing

wat

er s

hall

be in

corp

orat

ed in

to th

e co

ncre

te d

urin

g ha

ulin

g or

afte

r arr

ival

at

the

deliv

ery

poin

t.

The

rate

of

disc

harg

e of

mix

ed c

oncr

ete

from

tru

ck m

ixer

s or

agi

tato

rs s

hall

be c

ontro

lled

by

the

spee

d of

rota

tion

of th

e dr

um in

the

disc

harg

e di

rect

ion

with

the

disc

harg

e ga

te f

ully

ope

n.

Whe

n a

truck

mix

er o

r agi

tato

r is

used

for t

rans

porti

ng c

oncr

ete

to th

e de

liver

y po

int,

disc

harg

e sh

all b

e co

mpl

eted

with

in o

ne h

our,

or b

efor

e 25

0 re

volu

tions

of t

he d

rum

or

blad

es, w

hich

ever

co

mes

fir

st,

afte

r th

e in

trodu

ctio

n of

the

ce

men

t to

th

e ag

greg

ates

. U

nder

, co

nditi

ons

cont

ribut

ing

to q

uick

stif

feni

ng o

f th

e co

ncre

te o

r w

hen

the

tem

pera

ture

of

the

conc

rete

is

30°C

, or

abo

ve,

a tim

e le

ss th

an o

ne h

our

will

be r

equi

red.

6.

Del

iver

y of

Mix

ed C

oncr

ete

The

Con

tract

or s

hall

have

suf

ficie

nt p

lant

cap

acity

and

tra

nspo

rtatio

n ap

para

tus

to i

nsur

e co

ntin

uous

del

iver

y at

the

rat

e re

quire

d. T

he r

ate

of d

eliv

ery

of c

oncr

ete

durin

g co

ncre

ting

oper

atio

ns s

hall

be s

uch

as t

o pr

ovid

e fo

r th

e pr

oper

han

dlin

g, p

laci

ng a

nd f

inis

hing

of

the

conc

rete

. The

rat

e sh

all b

e su

ch th

at th

e in

terv

al b

etw

een

batc

hes

shal

l not

exc

eed

20 m

inut

es.

The

met

hods

of d

eliv

erin

g an

d ha

ndlin

g th

e co

ncre

te s

hall

be s

uch

as w

ill fa

cilit

ate

plac

ing

of

the

min

imum

han

dlin

g.

40

5.5

M

ET

HO

DS

OF

ME

AS

UR

EM

EN

T

The

quan

tity

of s

truct

ural

con

cret

e to

be

paid

for

will

be t

he f

inal

qua

ntity

pla

ced

and

acce

pted

in

the

com

plet

ed s

truct

ures

. N

o de

duct

ion

will

be m

ade

for

the

volu

me

occu

pied

by

pipe

less

tha

n 10

0 m

m (

4 in

ches

) in

dia

met

er o

r by

rei

nfor

cing

ste

el, a

ncho

rs,

cond

uits

, w

eep

hole

s or

exp

ansi

on

join

t mat

eria

ls.

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

email

ed

40

5.6

B

AS

IS O

F P

AY

ME

NT

Toe

acce

pted

qua

ntiti

es,

mea

sure

d as

pre

scrib

ed in

Sec

tion

405.

5, s

hall

be p

aid

for

at t

he c

ontra

ct

unit

pric

e fo

r ea

ch o

f the

Pay

Ite

ms

liste

d be

low

tha

t is

incl

uded

in t

he B

ill of

Qua

ntiti

es.

Pay

men

t sha

ll co

nstit

ute

full

com

pens

atio

n fo

r fu

rnis

hing

, pl

acin

g an

d fin

ishi

ng c

oncr

ete

incl

udin

g al

l lab

or,

equi

pmen

t, to

ols

and

inci

dent

als

nece

ssar

y to

com

plet

e th

e w

ork

pres

crib

ed in

the

item

.

Pay

men

t will

be m

ade

in a

ccor

danc

e w

ith t

he B

ill of

Qua

ntiti

es.

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

email

ed

PA

RT

G -

DR

AIN

AG

E A

ND

SLO

PE

PR

OT

EC

TIO

N S

TR

UC

TU

RE

S

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

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ed

ITE

M 5

00

-P

IPE

CU

LVE

RTS

AN

D S

TOR

M D

RA

INS

50

0.1

D

ES

CR

IPT

ION

This Ite

m shall consist o

f the construction or reconstruction o

f pipe culverts and storm drains,

hereinafter referred to as "co

nd

uit" in accordance w

ith this S

pecification and in con

form

ity with

the lines and grades show

n on the

Plans o

r as established by the

Engineer.

50

0.2

M

AT

ER

IAL

S R

EQ

UIR

EM

EN

TS

Materials shall m

ee

t the

requirements specified in the follow

ing specifications:

Zinc coated (galvanized) corrugated

Iron

or steel culverts and underdrains

Cast iron culvert pipe

Concrete sew

er, storm drain and

Reinforced concrete culvert,

storm drainage and sew

er pipe

Bitum

inous coated corrugated metal

culve

rt pipe and pipe arches

Reinforced concrete arch culvert

storm drain and sew

er pipe

Asbestos cem

ent pipe for culverts

and storm

drains

AASHTO

M36

AASHTO

M64

AASHTO

M86

AASHTO

M170

AASHTO

M190

AASHTO

M206

AASHTO

M217

Join

t Mortar -

Join

t mo

rtar fo

r concrete pipes shall consist of 1 p

art, by volum

e of P

ortland Cem

ent and tw

o (2

) parts of approved sand w

ith w

ate

r as necessary to obtain th

e required consistency.

Portland C

ement and sand shall conform

to th

e requirem

ents of Ite

m 405, S

tructural Concrete.

Mo

rtar shall be used w

ithin

30 minutes a

fter its preparation.

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

email

ed

Rubber gaskets

AA

SH

TO M

173

Oakum

-O

akum fo

r join

ts in bell and spigot pipes shall be made from

hemp (C

annavis Sativa) line

or B

enares Sunn fiber o

r from a com

bination of these fibers.

The oakum

shall be thoroughly corded

and finished and practically free from lum

ps, dirt and extraneous m

atter.

Hot poured jo

int sealing com

pound A

AS

HTO

M 173

Bedding m

aterial shall conform to the requirem

ents of S

ubsection

50

0.3

.2 B

edd

ing

Backfill m

aterial shall conform to

the requirements o

f Subsection 500.

50

0.3

.6 B

ackfilling

When the location o

f manufacturing plants allow

s, the plants will

be inspected periodically for

compliance

with

specified m

anufacturing m

ethods, and

material

samples

will

be obtained

for

laboratory testing for compliance w

ith materials quality requirem

ents. T

his shall be the basis for

acceptance of m

anufacturing lots as to quality .

Prior to

and during incorporation of m

aterials in the work, these m

aterials will be subject to

the latest inspection and approval o

f the Engineer.

50

0.3

C

ON

ST

RU

CT

ION

RE

QU

IRE

ME

NTS

50

0.3

.1 E

xcavation

Trenches

shall be

excavated in

accordance w

ith the

requirements

of

Item

103,

Structure

Excavation, to

a width sufficient to

allow for proper jointing o

f the conduit and thorough compaction

of the bedding and backfill m

aterials under and around the conduit. W

here feasible, trench walls

shall be vertical.

The com

pleted trench bottom shall be firm

for its full length and width.

Where required, in the

case of crop drains, the trench shall have a longitudinal cam

ber of the m

agnitude specified.

When so specified on the P

lans, the excavation for conduits placed in embankm

ent fill, shall be m

ade afte

r the embankm

ent has been completed to the specilfied or directed height above the

designed grade of the conduit.

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

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ed

50

0.3

.2 B

edding

The conduit shall conform to one of the classes specified.

When no bedding class is specified, the

requirements for C

lass C bedding shall apply.

Class A

bedding shall consist of a continuous concrete cradle conforming to the plan details.

Class B

bedding shall consist of bedding the conduit to a depth of not less than 30 percent of the vertical outside diam

eter of the conduit. The m

inimum

thickness of bedding material beneath the

pipe shall be 100 mm

. The bedding m

aterial shall be sand or selected sandy soil all of which passes

a 9.5 mm

sieve and not more than 10 percent of w

hich passes a 0.075 mm

sieve. The layer of

bedding material shall be shaped to fit the conduit for at least 15 percent of its total height.

Recesses in the trench bottom

shall be shaped to accomm

odate the bell when bell and spigot type

conduit is used.

Class C

bedding shall consist of bedding the conduit to a depth of not less than 10 percent of its total height. The foundation surface, com

pleted in accordance with Item

103, Structure E

xcavation, shall be shaped to fit the conduit and shall have recesses shaped to receive the bells, if any.

For flexible pipe, the bed shall be roughly shaped and a bedding blanket of sand or fine granular m

aterial as specified above shall be provided as follows:

Pipe Corrugation D

epth M

inimum

Bedding D

epth

10mm

25 m

m

25mm

SO m

m

SO mm

75m

m

For large diameter structural plate pipes the shaped bed need not exceed the w

idth of bottom

plate.

50

0.3

.3 Laying C

on

du

it

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

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ed

The conduit laying shall begin a

t the downstream

end of the conduit line.

The low

er segment o

f

the conduit shall be in contact with the shaped bedding throughout its full length.

Bell o

r groove

ends of rigid conduits and outside circum

ferential laps of flexible conduits shall be placed facing

upstream.

Flexible conduit shall be placed w

ith the major axis w

ithin 5 degrees of a vertical plane

through the longitudinal axis of the conduit.

Paved o

r partially-lined conduit shall be laid such tha

t the longitudinal center line of the paved

segment coincides w

ith th

e floor line.

Elliptical and elliptically reinforced conduits shall be placed

with the m

ajo

r axis within 5 degrees o

f a vertical plane through the longitudinal axis of the conduit.

50

0.3

.4 Jo

intin

g C

on

du

it

Rigid conduits m

ay either be of bell and spigot or tongue and groove design unless another type is

specified. T

he method o

f joining conduit sections shall be such tha

t the ends are fully entered and

the inner surfaces are reasonably flush even.

Joints shall be m

ade with (a) P

ortland C

ement m

ortar, (b) P

ortland Cem

ent grout, (c) rubber

gaskets, (d) oakum

mortar, (e) oakum

and join

t compound (f) plastic sealing com

pound, or by a

combination o

f these types, or any o

the

r type, as may be specified.

Mortar jo

ints shall be m

ade

with an excess o

f mortar to

form a continuous bead around the outside o

f the conduit and finished

smooth on th

e inside.

For grouted joints, molds or runners shall be used to

retain the poured

grout. R

ubber ring gaskets shall be installed so as to form

flexible wa

ter-

tigh

t seal. W

here oakum

is used, the join

t shall be called with this m

aterial and then sealed with the specified m

aterial.

When P

ortland Cem

ent mixtures are used, the com

pleted joints shall be protected against rapid

drying by any suitable covering material.

Flexible conduits shall be firm

ly joined by coupling bands.

Conduits shall be inspected before any backfill is placed.

Any pipe found to

be ou

t of alignm

ent,

unduly settled, or dam

aged shall be taken up and relaid or replaced.

500.3.5 Field Stru

tting

When required by the P

lans, vertical diameter o

f round flexible conduit shall be increased 5 percent

by shop elongation or by m

eans of jacks applied a

fter the entire line o

f conduit has been installed

on the bending bu

t before backfilling. T

he vertical elongation shall be maintained by m

eans of sills

and struts or by horizontal ties w

hen so specified. O

nly horizontal ties shall be used on paved

inve

rt pipe.

Uncon

trolle

d whe

n prin

ted or

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ed

Ties and struts shall be 300 mm

in place until the embankm

ent is completed and com

pacted, unless otherw

ise shown on the Plans.

These construction specifications shall also apply in the case of relaid conduits. In addition, all

conduits salvaged for relaying shall be cleaned of all foreign materials prior to reinstallation.

50

0.3

.6 B

ackfilling

Materials for backfilling on each side of the conduit for the full trench w

idth to an elevation of 300 m

m above the tope of the conduit shall be fine, readily com

pactible soil or granular material selected

from excavation or from

a source of the Contractor's choice, and shall not contain stones that w

ould be retained on a 50 m

m sieve, chunks of highly plastic clay, or other objectionable m

aterial. G

ranular backfill material shall have not less than 95 percent passing a 12.5 m

m sieve and not less

than 95 percent retained on a 4. 75 mm

sieve. O

versized material, if present, shall be rem

oved at the source of the m

aterial, except as directed by the Engineer.

When the top of the conduit is flushed w

ith or below the top of the trench, backfill m

aterial shall be placed at or near optim

um m

oisture content and compacted in layers not exceeding 150 m

m

(compacted) on both sides to an elevation 300 m

m above the top of the conduit.

Care shall be

exercised to thoroughly compact the backfill under the haunches of the conduit.

The backfill shall be brought up evenly on both sides of the conduit for the full required length.

Except w

here negative projecting em

bankment-type installation is specified, the backfill m

aterial shall be placed and com

pacted for the full depth of the trench.

When the top of the conduit is above the top of the trench, backfill shall be placed at or near

optimum

moisture content and com

pacted in layers not exceeding 300 mm

(compacted) and shall

be brought up to evenly on both sides of the conduit for its full length to an elevation 300 mm

above the top of the conduit.

The width of the backfill on each of the conduit for the portion above

the top of the trench shall be equal to tw

ice the diameter of the conduit or 3.5 m

, whichever is

less. The backfill m

aterial used in the trench section and the portion above the top of the trench for a distance on each side of the conduit equal to the horizontal inside the diam

eter and to 300 m

m above the top of the conduit shall conform

to the requirements for backfill m

aterials in this S

ubsection. The rem

ainder of the backfill shall consist of materials from

excavation and borrow

that is suitable for embankm

ent construction.

Com

paction to the density specified in Item

104,

Em

bankment,

shall be achieved

by use of

mechanical tam

pers or by rolling.

All conduits after being bedded and backfill as specified in this Subsection shall be protected by

one metre cover of fill before heavy equipm

ent is permitted to cross during construction of the

roadway.

500.3.7 Imp

erfect Trench

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Under

this m

ethod, for

rigid conduit,

the em

bankment

shall be

completed

as described

in S

ubsection 500.3.6, Backfilling, to a height above the conduit equal to the vertical outside diam

eter of the conduit plus 300 m

m.

A trench equal to the outside horizontal diam

eter of the conduit and to the length show

n on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer shall then be excavated to w

ithin 300 m

m of the top of the conduit, trench w

alls being as nearly vertical as possible. The trench

shall be loosely fillled with highly com

pressible soil. S

traw, hay, corn stalks, leaves brush or saw

dust m

aybe used to filll the lower one-fourth to one-third of the trench.

Construction of em

bankment

above shall then proceed in a normal m

anner.

50

0.4

M

ET

HO

D O

F ME

:AS

UR

EM

EN

T

Conduit of the different types and sizes, both new

and relaid, will be m

easured by the linear metre

in place. C

onduit: with sloped or skew

ed ends will be m

easured along the invert.

Each section will be m

easured by the number of units installed.

Branch connection and elbow

s will be included in the length m

easurement for conduit, or they m

ay be m

easured by the number of units installed.

Class B

bedding material placed and approved shall be m

easured by the cubic meter in place.

When the Bid S

chedule contains an estimated quantity for "Furnishing and P

lacing Backfill M

aterial, Pipe C

ulverts", the quantity to be paid for will be the num

ber of cubic meter com

plete in place and accepted, m

easui-ed in final position between lim

its as follows:

1. M

easuremenlt shall include backfill m

aterial in the trench up to the top of the original ground line but w

ill 111ot include any material placed outside of vertical planes 450 m

m up to outside of

and parallel to the inside wall of pipe at its w

idest horizontal dimension.

2. W

hen the orii~inal ground lines is less than 300 mm

above the top of the pipe, the measurem

ent w

ill also include the placing of all backfill materials, above the original ground line adjacent to

the pipe for a height of 300 mm

above the top of pipe and for a distance on each side of the pipe not greaiter than the w

idest horizontal dimension of the pipe.

3. The m

easurement shall include the placing of backfill m

aterial in all trenches of the imperfect

trench method.

Materials re-excavated for im

perfect trench construction will be m

easured for paym

ent under Item 102, E

xcavation.

500.S

BA

SIS

OF P

AY

ME

NT

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Toe

accepted quantities

of

conduit, determ

ined as

provided in

Section

500.4, M

ethod o

f M

easurement, shall be paid fo

r at the contract unit price per linear metre for the conduit o

f the types

and sizes

specified com

plete in

place. End

sections and,

when

so specified,

branch connections and elbow

s, shall be paid for the contract unit price per piece for the kind and size

specified completed in place.

Excavation

for culverts and

storm

drains, including

excavation below

flow line gra

de and

for im

perfect trench, shall be measured and paid for as provided in Ite

m 103, S

tructure Excavation

.

Concrete fo

r Class A

bedding will be paid for under Ite

m 405, S

tructural Concrete.

When the B

id Schedule does not contain an estim

ated quantity for "F

urnishing and P

lacing Backfill

Material, P

ipe Culvert", paym

ent for placing backfill material around pipe culverts w

ill be considered as included in the paym

ent for excavation of the backfill m

aterial.

Paym

ent will be m

ade in accordance with the B

ill of Q

uantities.

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ITE

M 5

02

-M

AN

HO

LES

, INL

ET

S A

ND

CA

TCH

BA

SIN

S

50

2.1

D

ES

CR

IPT

ION

This Item shall consist o

f the construction. reconstruction or adjustment o

f manholes, inlets and

catch basins in accordance with this S

pecification and in conformity w

ith the lines and grades shown

on the approved Plans and Draw

ings.

50

2.2

M

AT

ER

IAL

RE

QU

IRE

ME

NT

S

Concrete for these structures shall m

eet the requirements o

f Item 405, S

tructural Concrete (D

PW

H

Standard S

pecification). Other m

aterials shall meet the follow

ing specifications:

Concrete M

asonry Units (C

oncrete Hollow

Blocks)

The units shall conform to the approved P

lans and Draw

ings, dimension and to the ASTM

C129-11

Non-load bearing C

oncrete Masonry U

nits.

Com

pressive Strength fc'= 600psi (m

inimum

) average of three units, com

puted to minim

um net

area.

Absorption =

18 lbs/ft 3 average of three units.

Corrugated M

etal Units -

The units shall conform to Plan dim

ensions and the metal to AASH

TO M

36. B

ituminous coating, w

hen specified, shall conform to ASTM

D 1187, A

sphalt-base E

mulsion for

use as Protective C

oating for Metal.

Sew

er and manhole brick

(Made from

clay or shale)

Building brick (S

olid masonry

Units m

ade from clay or shale

AASHTO

M 91

AASHTO

M 114

Joint Mortar -U

nless otherwise indicated on the P

lans, joints mortal shall be com

posed of one part

Portland C

ement and tw

o parts fine aggregate by volume to w

hich hydrated lime has been added

in an amount equal to 10 percent o

f the cement by w

eight. All materials for m

ortar shall meet the

requirements o

f Item 405, S

tructural Concrete.

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Frames, G

ratings, Covers and Ladder R

ungs -Metal units shall conform

to the plan dimensions and

to the following specification requirem

ents for the designated materials.

Metal gratings and covers w

hich are to rest on frames shall bear on them

evenly. They shall be

assembled before shipm

ent and so marked that the sam

e pieces may be reassem

bled readily in the sam

e position w

hen installed. Inaccuracy of bearings shall

be corrected by m

achining if

necessary. A fram

e and a grating or cover to be used with it shall constitute one pair.

All castings shall be uniformly coated w

ith asphalt-base emulsion m

eeting the requirements of

ASTM D

1187, Asphalt-base E

mulsion for use as P

rotective Coating for M

etal.

Sam

ples of the material in casting shall be taken during the casting of the units and shall be

separate casting poured from the sam

e material as the casting they represent.

Gray iron casting

Mild to m

edium-strength

carbon steel castings for

general application

Structural steel

Galvanizing, w

here specified

for these units, shall conform

to the requirements of

Reinforcing S

teel

AASHTO

M 105

AASHTO

M 103

AASHTO

M 183

AASHTO

M 111

AASHTO

M 31

Pre-cast C

oncrete Units -These units shall be cast in substantial perm

anent steel forms. S

tructural concrete used shall attain a m

inimum

28-day compressive strength of 20.682 M

Pa (3,000 psi). The pre-cast units shall be cured in accordance w

ith AASHTO

M 171. W

ater absorption of individual cores taken from

such units shall not exceed 7 percent. Additional reinforcem

ent shall be provided as necessary to provide for handling of the pre-cast units.

A sufficient num

ber of cylinders shall be cast from the concrete for each unit to perm

it compression

tests at 7, 14 and 28 days, and to allow for at least 3 cylinders for each test. If the strength

requirement is m

et at 7 or 14 days, the units shall be certified for use 14 days from the date of

casting. If the strength is not met for 28 days, all units m

ade from that batch or load w

ill be rejected.

Cracks in units, honeycom

bed or patched areas In excess of 2,000 square millim

etres, excessive w

ater absorption and failure to meet strength requirem

ents shall be the causes for rejection. Pre-

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cast reinforced concrete manhole risers and tops shall conform

to the requirements of AASH

TO M

199.

The plants will be inspected periodically for com

pliance with specified m

anufacturing methods, and

material sam

ples, will be obtained for laboratory testing for com

pliance with

material quality

requirements. This m

ay be the basis for acceptance of manufacturing lots as the quality.

All materials shall be subject to inspection for acceptance as to condition at the latest practicable

time the E

ngineer has the opportunity to check for compliance prior to or during incorporation of

materials into the w

ork.

50

2.3

C

ON

ST

RU

CT

ION

RE

QU

IRM

EN

TS

Concrete construction shall conform

to the requirements for Item

405, Structural C

oncrete of DPW

H

standard. Metal fram

es shall be set in full mortar bed. Pipe sections shall be flushed on the inside

of the structure wall and projected outside sufficiently for proper connection w

ith next pipe section.

Masonry shall fit neatly and tightly around the pipe.

When grade adjustm

ent on existing structures is specified, the frames, covers and gratings shall

be removed and the w

alls reconstructed as required. The cleaned frames shall be reset at the

required elevation. Upon com

pletion, each structure shall be cleaned of any accumulations of silt,

debris, or foreign matter of any kind and shall be kept clear of such accum

ulation until final

acceptance of the work.

Excavation and backfill shall be done in accordance w

ith Item 103, S

tructure Excavation.

50

2.4

M

ET

HO

D O

F ME

AS

UR

EM

EN

T

Standard m

anholes, inlets and catch basins, both new and reconstructed as applicable, w

ill be

measured by the unit. A

ny additional concrete, reinforcing steel, or masonry required for authorized

increases in heights of structures paid of under this Item and in excess of the standard height

shown on the Plans w

ill be measured and paid for under Item

405, Structural C

oncrete and Item

404. Reinforcing S

teel, as applicable, Structures noted on the Plans as "junction boxes" w

ill be

measured for paym

ent as manholes.

The number of concrete covers, pairs of m

etal frames and gratings, and pairs of m

etal frames and

covers will be m

easured as acceptably completed

.

The number of existing m

anholes, inlets and catch basins adjusted as directed will be m

easured as

acceptably completed.

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502.5 BASIS OF PAYMENT

The accepted quantities, determined as provided in Section 502.4, Method of Measurement of the

Pay Items in the Bill of Quantities will be paid for at the contract unit prices, which shall constitute

full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials and for all labor, equipment tools and

incidentals necessary to complete the Item.

Excavation and backfill will be measured and paid for as provided in Item 103, Structure Excavation.


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ITEM 509 - SHEET PILES

509.1 DESCRIPTION

This Item shall consist of the furnishing, driving and cutting off of sheet piling covered by this Specification.


Steel sheet piles shall be of the type, weight and Section Modulus indicated on the Plans or Special Provisions, and shall conform to the requirement of the Item 400, Piling, Subsection 400.2.7, Sheet Piles, Painting shall conform to the requirements for Item 411, Paint, Subsection 411.6.2, Painting Structural Steel.

509.3 CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

Sheet piles shall be driven to elevation shown on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer. Where impractical to drive to plan elevation due to subsurface conditions, the driving of piles may be stopped at a higher elevation with the written permission of the Engineer. However, before granting such permission, the Engineer shall ascertain that the Contractor has adequate equipment for the required driving and that the piles can be driven to the plan elevation with the proper use of this equipment.

The top of the piling shall be driven or cut-off to a straight line at the elevation indicated on the Plans

Toe requirements governing the installation of sheet piling shall conform in general to those governing bearing piles as set forth under Item 400, Piling.

509.4 METHODS OF MEASUREMENTS

Sheet piling will be measured by the linear meter of sheet piling as shown on the Plans or as directed in writing by the Engineer, complete in place and accepted. However, measurement of piling which has been delivered to plan length and cannot be driven according to plan or directed elevation because of subsurface condition shall be measured as if driven to that elevations.

509.S BASIS OF PAYMENTS

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Payment of steel piles as determined in Section 509.4, Method of Measurement, shall be made at . the contract unit price per linear meter. Such payment shall be considered full compensation for furnishing all materials, labor, equipment, tools, paint, bolts, wales and incidentals necessary to complete the Item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

509(b) Sheet Piles Linear Meter

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PART H - MISCELLANEOUS

STRUCTURES

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ITEM 600- CURB AND/OR GUTTER

600.1 DESCRIPTION

This item shall consist of the construction of curb and gutter either cast in place, made of concrete in accordance with this Specification at the location, and in conformity with the lines, grades, dimensions and design, shown on the Plans or as required by the Engineer.

600.2 MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS

600.2.1 Material for Bed Course

Bed course materials as shown on the Plans shall consist of cinders, sand, slag, gravel, crushed stone, or other approved porous material of such grading that all particles will pass through 12.5 mm (1/2'1 sieve.

600.2.2 Concrete

Concrete shall be of the class indicated on the Plans and shall conform to the requirements of Item 405, Structural Concrete.

600.2.3 Expansion Joint Filler

Expansion joint filler shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 153.

600.2.4 Cement Mortar

Cement mortar shall consist of one part of Portland cement and two parts of fine aggregates with water added as necessary to obtain the required consistency. Toe mortar shall be used within 30 minutes of preparation.

602.5 Bonding Compound

Where bonding compound is used, it shall conform to AASHTO M 200.

600.3 CONSTRUCTION REQURIEMENTS

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600.3.1 Bedding

Excavation shall be made to the required depth and the base upon which the curb and/or gutter is

to be set shall be compacted to a firm and even surface. All soft and unsuitable material shall be

removed and replaced with suitable material.

Bed course material shall be placed and compacted to form a bed of the required thickness as

shown on the Plans.

600.3.2 Cast in Place Curb and Gutter

600.3.2.1 Placing

Forms shall conform to the requirements of Item 407, Concrete Structures. Metal forms shall be of

an approved section.

Forms to hold the concrete shall be built and set-in-place as described in Item 407, Concrete

Structures. Forms for at least 50 m of curb and gutter shall be in-placed and checked for alignment

and grade before concrete is placed. Curbs and gutter constructed on curves shall be accurately

shaped to the curvature shown on the Plans.

Mixing, placing, finishing and curing of concrete shall conform to the requirements of Item 405,

Structural Concrete, as modified by the requirements below.

The concrete shall be placed in the forms in layers of 100 or 125 mm each, and to the depth

required. It shall be tamped and spaded until mortar entirely covers the top and surfaces of the

forms. The top of the concrete shall be finished to a smooth and even surface and the edges

rounded to the radii shown on the Plans. Before the concrete is given the final finishing, the surface

of the gutter shall be tested with a 3-m straight-edge and any irregularities of more than 10 mm in

3 m shall be corrected.

The curb and gutter shall be constructed in uniform sections of not more than 50 min length except

where shorter sections are required to coincide with the location of weakened planes or construction

joints of the concrete pavement, or for closures, but no section shall be less than 2 m long. The

sections shall be separated by sheet templates set perpendicular to the face and top of the curb

and gutter. The templates shall be approximately 5 mm in thickness and of the same width as that

of the curb and/or gutter and not less than 50 mm deeper than the depth of the curb and/or gutter.

Templates shall be set carefully and held firmly during the placing of the concrete and shall remain

in place until the concrete has set sufficiently to holds its shape but shall be removed while the

forms are still in place. A preformed joint filler approved by the Engineer may be used in lieu of the

sheet template mentioned above. In this event the fiber board shall be pre-cut to the shape of the

curb so that its outer edge will be flushed with the abutting curb and/or gutter.

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Expansion joints shall be forms at intervals shown on the Plans. Where a curb is placed next to a concrete pavement, expansion joints In the curb shall be located opposite expansion joints in the pavement.

Toe form shall be removed within 24 hours after the concrete has been placed. Minor defects shall be repaired with mortar containing one part of Portland Cement and two parts of fine aggregate. Plastering shall not be permitted and all rejected portions shall be removed and replaced at the Contractor's expense. Toe exposed surface shall be finished while the concrete is still fresh by rubbing the surfaces with a wetted soft brick or wood until they are smooth. Toe surfaces shall be wetted thoroughly, either by dipping the brick or wood in water, or by throwing water on the surfaces with a brush. After the concrete has been rubbed smooth using water, it shall then be rubbed with a thin grout containing one part of Portland Cement and one part of fine aggregates. Rubbing with grout shall continue until uniform color is produced. When completed, the concrete shall be covered with suitable material and kept moist for a period of 3 days, or a membrane forming material may be applied as provided in Item 405, Structural Concrete. Toe concrete shall be suitably protected from the weather until thoroughly hardened.

After the concrete has set sufficiently, the spaces on the back of the curb which were excavated for placing the curb shall be refilled to the required elevation with suitable material which shall be tamped in layers of not more than 150 mm until consolidated.

600.3.3 Precast Curb and Gutter

600.3.3.1 Placing

Toe precast concrete curb and gutter shall be set in 20 mm of cement mortar as specified in 600.2.4 to the line level and grade as shown on the approved Plans.

Toe precast curb shall not be more than 20 cm in width at the top portion and not be more than 25 cm at the base. The precast curb and gutter shall be 1.0 m in length and shall be put side by side consecutively with joint in between.

Joints between consecutive curb and gutter shall be filled with mortar to the full section of curb and gutter. Expansion joints shall be formed at intervals shown on the Plans. Where a curb and gutter is placed next to a concrete pavement, expansion joints in the curb and gutter shall be located opposite expansion joints in the pavement.

Minor defects shall be repaired with mortar containing one part of Portland Cement and two parts of fine aggregates. Plastering shall not be permitted and all rejected portions shall be removed and replaced at the Contractor's expense. Toe exposed surface shall be finished by rubbing the surfaces with a wetted soft brick or wood until they are smooth. Toe surfaces shall be wetted thoroughly, either by dipping the brick or wood In water, or by throwing water on the surfaces with a brush.

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After the concrete has been rubbed smooth using water, it shall then be rubbed with a thin grout

containing one part of Portland Cement and one part of the aggregate. Rubbing with grout shall

continue until uniform color is produced.

600.3.3.2 Handling Precast Curb and Gutter

a. In preparation for the handling of precast curb and gutter, all fabricated curb and gutter of one

(1) meter in length shall be provided or inserted with 2-1"0 PVC pipes for fitting at their required locations. The PVC pipes shall be placed 25 mm from both edge during the fresh concrete is in

plastic state.

b. Precast curb and gutter shall be lifted on upright position and not at the points of support and

shall be the same during transporting and storage.

c. Extreme care shall be exercised in handling and moving precast curb and gutter to avoid

cracking.

d. No precast curb and gutter shall be used that does not reach its final position in the forms with

the required time stipulated prior to installation.

e. Precast curb and gutter shall be transferred to the construction site. Fresh curb and gutter shall

not be placed against in-situ concrete which has been in a position for more than 30 minutes.

f. Precast curb and gutter may only be transported to the delivery point in truck agitators or truck

mixer operating at the speed designated by the manufacturer of the equipment, provided that the consistency and workability of the mix concrete upon discharge at the delivery point is

suitable for adequate placement.


The length of curb and gutter to be paid for shall be the number of linear meters of curb and gutter (cast in place) or the number of pieces of precast curb and gutter of the required dimensions shown

on the Plans measured along its front face in-place, completed and accepted. No deductions shall be made for flattening of curbs at entrances and no additional allowances shall be made for curbs

and gutters constructed on curves.


The length of curb and gutter determined in part 4, Method of Measurement, shall be paid for at

the contract unit price per linear meter for Curb and Gutter which price and payment shall constitute full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials for concrete, reinforcing steel if required

on the Plans, expansion joint materials, forms for drainage openings, excavation for curb and

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gutter, backfilling, dumping and disposal of surplus materials, and for all labor equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the Item.


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ITEM 602 - MONUMENTS, MARKERS AND GUIDE POSTS

602.1 DESCRIPTION

This Item shall consist of right-of-way monuments, maintenance marker posts, kilometer posts and/or guide posts, furnished and installed in accordance with this Specification at the locations, and in conformity with the sizes, dimensions and design, shown on the Plans, or as required by the Engineer.


Reinforcing steel shall conform to the requirements of Item 404, Reinforcing Steel.

Timber shall be of the species and grade shown on the Plans. Treated timber, if required, shall conform to the requirements of Item 410, Treated and Untreated Timber.

The metal material shall conform to the requirements shown on the Plans, or as stipulated in the Special Provisions.

Paints, if required, shall conform to the requirements shown on the Plans, or as stipulated in the Special Provisions.

Warning reflectors, if required, shall conform to the requirements shown on the Plans, or as stipulated in the Special Provisions.


Construction or fabrication and installation of monuments and posts shall be as shown on the Plans or in the Special Provisions and shall include the attaching of warning reflectors and the painting of posts, if required. Each monument and post shall be set accurately at the required location and elevation and in such manner as to insure its being held firmly in place. In constructing precast monuments, the forms shall not be removed until after the concrete has hardened. Monuments that are warped shall be rejected. The exposed surface of the finished monuments shall be uniform, of even texture, and shall be free from holes, cracks and chipped edges. The precast monuments shall not be transported to the work until the concrete has been cured.


The quantities to be paid for shall be the actual number of right-of-way monuments, maintenance marker posts, kilometer posts and/or guide posts furnished, placed and accepted.

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602.S BASIS OF PAYMENT

The quantities determined as provided in Subsection 602.4, Method of Measurement, shall be paid

for at the contract price per unit of measurement respectively, for each of the particular Pay Item listed below and as shown in the Bid Schedule, which price and payment shall constitute full

compensation for furnishing and placing all materials, including all labor, equipment, tools and

incidentals necessary to complete the work prescribed in this Item.


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ITEM 603 - GUARDRAIL

603.1 DESCRIPTION

This item shall consist of furnishing and constructing posts and guardrails of the types called for in the contract and in accordance with this Specification, at the locations, and in conformity with the lines and grades shown on the Plans, or as required by the Engineer.


Materials for the desired type of guardrail shall meet the requirements specified in the following specifications:

1. Wire rope or wire cable 2. Chain link fabric 3. Metal beam rail

AASHTO M 30 AASHTO M 181 AASHTO M 180

4. limber rail, unless otherwise indicated in the Plans or Special Provisions, any of the following first group Philippine limber shall be used: Ipil, Malave, lindalo or Yacal. Only one species of timber shall be used in the construction of any one continuous length of guardrail.

Guardrail Hardware. Offset brackets of the resilient and non-resilient types shall be of the type specified, or as shown on the Plans, and shall meet the strength requirements specified.

Splices and end connections shall be of the type and design specified or as shown on the Plans, and shall be of such strength as to develop the full design strength of the rail elements.

Unless otherwise specified, all fittings, bolts, washers and other accessories shall be galvanized in accordance with the requirements of AASHTO M 111 or ASTM A 153, whichever may apply. All galvanizing shall be done after fabrication.

Guardrail Post. Posts shall be of either wood, steel, or concrete, as may be specified. Only one kind of post shall be used for any one continuous guardrail.

Wood post shall be fabricated from an approved or specified timber specie and shall be of the quality, diameter or section and length as specified, or as shown on the Plans.

Steel post shall be of the section and length as specified, or as shown on the Plans. They shall be of a copper bearing steel when so specified. Steel shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 183 for the grade specified. The posts shall be galvanized or shop painted as may be specified.

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Pre-cast reinforced concrete posts shall be of a section and length as specified or as shown on the Plans. Concrete shall conform with the requirements of Item 405, Structural Concrete, for class specified. Reinforcement shall conform with the requirements of AASHTO M 31 Grade 60. All bars shall be of the deformed type.

Concrete deadmen for end anchorages shall be as specified, or as shown on the Plans. Concrete and reinforcement shall conform to the requirements as stated above the precast reinforced concrete posts.

Paints for steel and wood shall be specified and conform to the requirements specified in Item 411, Paint.


603.3.1 Posts

Posts shall be set vertically in the position shown on the Plans and, where embedded in a concrete foundation block, shall remain undisturbed for a minimum of 48 hours. The space around the post shall be backfilled to the ground line with approved material in layers not exceeding 100 mm and each layer shall be moistened and thoroughly compacted.

603.3.2 Rail Elements

Rail elements shall be erected in a manner resulting in a smooth continuous installation. All bolts, except adjustment bolts, shall be drawn tight. Bolts shall be of sufficient length to extend beyond the nuts at least 5 mm but not more than 10 mm.

Where painting of railing components is specified, any damage to the shop coat of paint shall be corrected by an application of an approved rust-inhibitive primer prior to further painting. Any surface inaccessible to painting after erection shall be given the specified number of coats of paint uniformly applied by thorough brushing using an approved pressure spray.

Galvanized surfaces which have been abraded so that the base material is exposed, threaded portions of all fittings and fasteners and cut ends of bolts shall be protected in a manner as may be specified or directed.

The surfaces and sawed edges of untreated or salt-treated guardrail shall be painted with three coats of white paint to within 200 mm of the ground line. The first 200 mm of posts above the ground shall be painted with two coats of black paint. Painting shall be done only when the timber is dry and clean. Each coat of paint shall be thoroughly dry before the next coat is applied. Paint shall be applied in heavy coats, completely covering every part of the surface and shall be worked

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well into the joints and open spaces. It shall be thoroughly and evenly spread that no excess paint

collects at any point.

Guardrail and posts, after erection has been completed, shall be stained with two applications of

approved creosote stain, covering the rails and the exposed portions of the posts. The wood shall

be dry before being stained. The first coat shall be thoroughly dry before the second is applied.

Stain shall not be applied in damp weather.

For beam type guardrails, metal works not galvanized shall be given one shop coat of red lead, zinc

chromate paint or an approved fast-drying rust-inhibitive primer and two field coats of white or

aluminum paint. Untreated wood posts shall be given three coats of paints of the color indicated

on the Plans, or as specified. Painting shall conform to the requirements of Item 411, Paint.


Guardrail shall be measured by linear meter from center to center of end posts, except where end

connections are made on masonry or steel structures, in which case measurement will be to the

face of such structures.

End anchorages and terminal sections will be measured as units of each kind shown in Bid Schedule.

If no pay item for anchorages or terminal sections appear in the Bid Schedule, measurement

therefore shall be included in the linear meter measurement for completed guardrail.


The accepted quantities of guardrail, determined in Subsection 603.4, Method of Measurement,

shall be paid for at the contract unit price per linear meter for the type specified, complete in place,

which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials,

including all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the Item. When so

specified, end anchorages and terminal sections will be paid for at the contract unit price for each

of the kind specified and completed in place.

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ITEM 605 - ROAD SIGN

605.1 DESCRIPTION

This item shall consist of furnishing and installing road signs in accordance with this Specification and to the details shown on the Plans, or as required by the Engineer.

The road signs shall comply in all respects with the "Philippine International Road Signs Manual" published by the Department of Public Works and Highways, Manila. The categories of road signs are designated in the Manual, namely, danger warning signs, regulatory signs and informative signs, or guide signs. These are referred to in the Contract as warning signs and informatory signs, respectively.

Road signs shall be dassified as standard or non-standard. Standard signs consist of all warning signs, regulatory signs and informatory signs with the exception of direction signs, place identification signs and the line. Non-standard signs consist of all informatory signs which are not classified as standard signs.

The size of warning and regulatory signs is the length of the side of triangular signs (measured from the points of intersection of the extension of the edges), the horizontal width of octagonal signs and the diameter of circular signs.


605.2.1 Sign Panels

Sign panels for warning, regulatory, and informatory signs shall be manufactured from aluminum sheeting at least 3 mm thick.

605.2.2 Reflective Sheeting

The reflective sheeting used on the road signs shall consist of spherical lens elements embedded within a transparent plastic having a smooth, flat surface with a protected pre-coat adhesive which shall be pressure sensitive for manual application, or tack free heat activated for mechanical vacuum-heat application. The minimum reflective brightness values of the reflective sheeting as compared to a magnesium oxide (MgO) shall be as given in Table 605.1. The brightness of the reflective sheeting totally wet by rain shall not be less than 90% of the given values.

Table 605.1 - Reflective Brightness of Traffic Signs Surfaces

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Color Angle of Angle of Minimum Reflective

Incidence Divergence Brightness Value Compared with MgO

Red -40 0.5° 15

20° 0.5° 10

50° 0.5° 3

White _40 0.5° 75

20° 0.5° 70

50° 0.5° 70

Yellow -40 0.5° 35

20° 0.5° 35

50° 0.5° 10

Blue _40 0.5° 6

20° 0.5° 4.5

50° 0.5° 0.5

The reflective sheeting shall be sufficiently flexible to permit application and adhesion to a moderately embossed surface. It shall show no damage when bent 900 over a 50 mm diameter mandrel.

The sheeting shall be solvent-resistant so as to be capable of withstanding cleaning with petrol, diesel fuel, mineral spirits, turpentine, and methanol.

The sheeting shall show no cracking or reduction in reflectivity after being subjected to the dropping of a 25 mm diameter steel ball from a height of 2 m into Its surface.

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The adhesive shall permit the reflective sheeting to adhere accurately 48 hours after application of

temperatures of up 900.

The reflective material shall be weather-resistant and, following cleaning in accordance with

manufacturer's recommendations, shall show no discoloration, cracking, blistering, peeling or any

dimensional change. •

Samples of reflective sheeting shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval.

605.2.3 Post and Frames

Wide flange posts and frames shall be fabricated from structural steel conforming to ASTM A 283

Grade D. In lieu of wide flange steel posts, the Contractor may use tubular steel posts conforming

to ASTM A 501. All posts shall be thoroughly cleaned, free from grease, scale and rust and shall be

given one coat of rust-inhibiting priming paint and two coats of gray paint in accordance with Item

411, Paint.

605.2.4 Nuts and Bolts

Nuts, bolts, washers and other metal parts shall be hot-dip galvanized after fabrication in

accordance with the requirements of AASHTO M 111.

605.2.5 Concrete Foundation Blocks

The concrete for the foundation blocks shall be Class A in accordance with Item 405, Structural

Concrete and shall be on the size shown on the Plans.


605.3.1 Excavation and Backfilling

Holes shall be excavated to the required depth to the bottom of the concrete foundation as shown

on the Plans.

Backfilling shall be carried out by using suitable material approved by the Engineer and shall be

compacted in layers not exceeding 150 mm in depth. Surplus excavated material shall be disposed

of by the Contractor as directed by the Engineer.

605.3.2 Erection Posts

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The posts shall be erected vertically in position inside the formwork of the foundation block prior to the placing of the concrete and shall be adequately supported by bracing to prevent The posts shall be erected vertically in position inside the formwork of the foundation block prior to the placing of the concrete and shall be adequately supported by bracing to prevent.

605.3.3 Sign Panel Installation

Sign panels shall be installed in accordance with the details shown on the Plans. Any chipping or bending of the sign panels shall be considered as sufficient cause to require replacement of the panels at the Contractor's expense.

The exposed portion of the fastening hardware on the face of the signs shall be painted with enamels matching the background color.

All newly erected traffic road signs shall be covered until ordered removed by the Engineer.


The quantities of standard reflective warning and regulatory road signs shall be the number of such signs of the size specified, including the necessary posts and supports erected and accepted.

The quantities for standard reflective informatory signs and non-standard reflective informatory signs shall be the number of such, including the necessary posts and supports, erected and accepted.


The quantities measured as determined in Subsection 605.4, Method of Measurement, shall be paid for at the contract unit price for the Pay Items shown in the Bid Schedule which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and installing road signs, for excavation, backfilling and construction of foundation blocks, and all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the Item.


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ITEM 606 - PAVEMENT MARKINGS

606.1 DESCRIPTION

This item shall consist of placing markings on the finished pavement. The work shall include the furnishing of premixed reflectorized traffic paint or reflectorized pavement marking paint conforming to the requirements of AASHTO M 248, whichever is called for in the Contract, sampling and packing, preparing the surface, and applying the paint to the pavement surface, all in accordance with this Specification.

The paint shall be applied to the size, shape and location of the markings shown on the Plans, or as required by the Engineer.

606.2 PREMIXED REFLECTORIZED TRAFFIC PAINTS

Premixed reflectorized traffic paint is a paint in which the glass beads are mixed in the paint during the process of manufacture, so that upon application and drying, the paint line is capable of retroreflection of the light beams.

Premixed reflectorized traffic paints which are available in both white and yellow are paints that provide reflective marking for concrete, bituminous, bricks or stone surface of highways, bridges, tunnels, streets, parking lots and airports.

606.2.1 Classification

Premixed reflectorized traffic paint shall be classified according to the following types based on the vehides used:

Type I - Alkyd

Type II - Chlorinated Rubber Alkyd

606.2.2 Material Requirements

The paint shall consist of pigments, vehicles and glass beads so combined as to produce a paint that will conform to the following requirements.

a. Condition in container - The packaged material shall be free from lumps and mixed readily to

a smooth homogenous state.

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b. Skinning - The packaged material shall not skin within 48 hours in a ¾ filled, tightly closed container.

c. Appearance of Dried Film - The paint film shall dry to a smooth uniform finish. d. Flexibility - The dried paint film shall not show cracking or flaking after being bent about 180

degrees over a 12.7 mm mandrel. e. Resistance to Water - The dried paint film shall not show blistering, peeling, wrinkling and

discoloration when immersed in water for 18 hours. f. The paint shall also conform to the physical properties specified in Table 1.

Table 1 - Physical Properties

Properties Type I and Type II

Minimum Maximum

Specific Gravity 1.5 -

Drying Time, No Pick Up

Minutes - 40

Consistency (Kreb Units) at 20 C 65 95

g. Premixed reflectorized traffic paint composition shall conform to the requirement given in Table 2.

Table 2 - Composition Requirements

Requirements

Paint Composition Type I Type II

Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

Total Dry Solids, 60 - 60 -

percent by weight

Titanium Dioxide, Rutile Percent by 16.0 - 16.0 -

weight

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Medium Chrome Yellow, 13.0 - 13.0 -

Percent by weight 17.0 - 17.0

Non-volatile Content

(based on the vehicle percent by 40 - 41 -

weight)

Glass Beads, 31.0 35.0 31.0 35.0

percent by weight

h. Glass Spheres or Beads Requirements:

Quantity: The amount of glass beads to be mixed with the paint shall be 500 grams per liter of paint.

Beads Diameter: The percentage of beads that will pass through the US Standard Sieves shall be as follows:

Sieve No. (um) Mass Percent Passing

70 (212 - um) - 0.850 100

80 (186 - um) - 0.600 85-100

140 (106 - um) - 0.300 15-55

230 (63 - um) - 0.150 0-10

Index of Refraction: The index of refraction of the beads shall be within the range of 1.50 to 1.60 when tested by the liquid immersion method at 29oC.

Appearance: The glass beads shall be transparent, colorless and the sum of particles that are fused, plane, angular and colored and contains bubble shall not exceed 20 percent.

606.2.3 Construction Requirements

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The painting of lane markers and traffic strips shall include the cleaning of the pavement surfaces,

the application, protection and drying of the paint coatings, the protection of pedestrians, vehicular

or other traffic, the protection of all parts of the road structure and its appurtenances against

disfigurement by spatters, splashes or smirches of paints or of paint materials, and the supplying

of all tools, labor and traffic paint necessary for the entire work.

The paint shall not be applied during rain or wet weather or when the air is misty, or when in the

opinion of the Engineer, conditions are unfavorable for the work. Paint shall not be applied upon

damp pavement surfaces, or upon pavement which has absorbed heat sufficient to cause the paint

to blister and produce a porous film of paint.

The application of paint shall preferably be carried out by a machine specially made for this purpose

but where brushes are used, only round or oval brushes not exceeding 100 mm in width will be

permitted. The paint shall be so applied as to produce a uniform, even coating in close contact

with the surface being painted.

Traffic paint shall be applied to the pavement at the rate of 0.33 L /m2 and shall dry sufficiently to

be free from cracking in from 15 to 30 minutes.

All markings shall present a clean cut, uniform and workmanlike appearance. Markings that fail to

have a uniform, satisfactory appearance either by day or night, shall be corrected by the Contractor

in a manner acceptable to the Engineer and at no cost to the Government.

606.2.4 Sampling

The paint shall be sampled in accordance with PNS 484/ISO 1512 or other Philippine Standard

Method of Sampling Paints and Varnishes.

606.2.5 Test Methods

The paints shall be tested in accordance with the methods specified in PNS 461 or other Philippine

Standard Method of Tests for Paints and Varnishes.

606.2.6 Packing, Packaging and Marking

The paints shall be packed, packaged and marked in accordance with PNS 140.

606.3 METHOD OF MEASUREMENTS

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The quantity of pavement markings to be paid for shall either be the length as shown on the Plans of painted traffic line of the stated width or the area as shown on the plans of symbols, lettering, hatchings, and the like, completed and accepted. Separate items shall be provided for premixed reflectorized traffic paint and reflectorized thermoplastic pavement markings.


The quantities measured as determined in Section 606.4, Method of Measurement, shall be paid for at the appropriate contract unit price for the Pay Items shown in the Bid Schedule which price and payment shall constitute full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials, sampling and packing, for the preparation of the surface, and for all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the Item.


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ITEM 607 - REFLECTIVE PAVEMENT STUDS

607 .1 DESCRIPTION

This Item shall consist of furnishing and installing reflective pavement studs on the surface of the pavement in accordance with this Specification and at the locations shown on the Plans, or as required by the Engineer.

607 .2 MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS

607 .2.1 Reflective Studs

Reflective studs shall be either the "Flush Surface" or "Raised Profile" type having the following characteristics.

The "Flush Surface" reflector shall be the short base type having a maximum base area of 180 mm x 140 mm. The base shall be formed in cast-iron with adequate webbing to insure a firm key to the road when installed. Toe pad shall be highly resilient and durable rubber reinforced with canvass and shall have a design life of at least 5 years. The pad shall be so designed as to produce a self-wiping action of the reflectors when depressed. The reflectors shall be made of impact and abrasion-resisting glass and shall be hermetically sealed into a copper socket.

The "Raised Profile" reflectors shall consist of an acrylic plastic shell filled with an adherent epoxy compound molded from methyl methacyclate into the shape of a shallow frustrum of a pyramid with base dimensions approximately 100 mm x 100 mm and thickness of not more than 20 mm. Toe shell shall contain two prismatic reflectors each inclined at an angle of 300 to the horizontal and having an area not less than 20 cm2. Toe reflectors shall attain the following standards for their photometric and physical properties:

a. The reflectors shall have the minimum specific intensity values expressed as candle power per foot-candle of illumination at the reflector on a plane perpendicular to the incident light shown in Table 607.1.

Table 607.1- Raised Profile Pavement Studs:

Photometric Properties

Specific Intensity Values

Color Crystal Yellow Red

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Divergence Angle 0.2° 0.2° 0.2°

Incidence Angle

oo 3.00 1.80 0.75

20° 1.20 0.72 0.30

Each reflector for testing shall be located with the center of the reflecting face at a diameter of 1.5 m from a uniformly bright light source having an effective diameter of 5 mm. The width of the photocell shall be 1.2 mm and shall be shielded from stray light. The distance from the centers of the light source and photocell shall be 5 mm. Failure of more than 4% of the reflective faces shall be a cause for rejection of the complete batch.

The reflectors shall support a vertical load or 1000 kgf (lOkN) when tested in the following manner. A reflector shall be centered horizontally over the open end of a vertically positioned hollow metal cylinders, 75 mm internal diameter, 25 mm high and wall thickness of 6 mm. The load shall be applied to the top of the reflector through a 6 mm diameter by a 6 mm high metal plug centered on top of the reflector. Failure shall constitute either breakage or significant deformation of the marker at any load less than 1000 kgf.

607 .2.2 Adhesive

When "Raised Profile" type reflectors are specified, an approved two-part epoxy adhesive shall be used.

607 .2.3 Cement Mortar

Cement mortar shall consist of 1 part of Portland cement to 2 parts of fine aggregate with water added as necessary to obtain the required consistency.

607 .3 CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

607 .3.1 Flush Surface Type

The stud shall be installed into the pavement in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions but shall also comply with the following requirements.

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Cavities in the pavement shall be clearly cut to the dimensions of the pavement stud and shall allow a clearance of 10 mm around the stud base. The longitudinal centerline axis of the cavity shall be the same as that required for the pavement stud when laid to the correct line and direction.

The walls of the cavity shall be splayed back at the angle of approximately 300 to the vertical to facilitate a "dove-tail" joint after the mortar has set. The bottom of the cavity shall be levelled with asphalt concrete prior to placing the stud base which shall be pounded into position with a pounder foot attached to the pneumatic drill.

The depth of the activity shall be such that when the stud base and reflectors have been installed the elevation of the floor of the lens socket shall not be greater than 2.0 mm or less than 1.0 mm above the pavement surface.

When the studs are installed into a cement concrete pavement, the stud shall be grouted into position with asphalt concrete containing fine aggregate only or with a cement mortar as described in Subsection 607.2.3 above.

607.3.2 Raised Profile Type

The pavement studs shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

607 .4 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT

The quantity of reflectorized pavement studs to be paid for shall be the number of reflectorized pavement studs of either the flush surface type or the raised profile type, whichever is called for in the Contract, installed complete and accepted.


Toe quantities measured as described in Subsection 607.4, Method of Measurement, shall be paid for at the contract unit price of the Pay Items shown in the Bid Schedule, which payment shall constitute full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials, excavating cavities, preparation of surfaces, applying adhesive and mortar and for all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the Item.


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ITEM 610 - SODDING

610.1 DESCRIPTION

This Item shall consist of the furnishing and laying of live sod on the shoulders, slopes, ditches, or other locations as designated, construction of sod ditch checks or similar appurtenances, as shown on the Plans or as ordered and laid out in the field by the Engineer, all in accordance with this Specification.


Toe sod shall consist of healthy, dense, well-rooted growth of permanent and desirable grasses indigenous to the general locality where it is to be used and shall be free from weeds or undesirable grasses. At the time the sod is cut, the grasses on the sod shall have a length of approximately 50 mm (if longer, the grass shall be cut to approximately this length) and the sod shall have been raked free from debris.

Toe sod shall be cut into uniform squares approximately 300 mm x 300 mm, but not larger than is convenient for handling and transporting.

Toe thickness of the sod shall be uniform as possible approximately 40 mm or more depending on the nature of the sod, so that practically all of the dense root system of the grasses will be retained, but exposed, in the sod strip and that the sod can be handled without undue tearing or breaking.

In the event the sod to be cut is in a dry condition as to cause scrumbling or breaking during cutting operations, the Contractor, at his own expenses, shall apply water in sufficient quantities at least 12 hours before cutting to provide a well-moistened condition of the sod to the depth to which it is to be cut. Sods shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer.


610.3.1 Preparation of the Earth Bed

The area to be sodded shall be constructed to the required cross-section and contour, and the tops and bottoms of the slopes shall be rounded as shown in the typical roadway sections.

Toe areas to be sodded shall be free from stones, roots or other undesirable foreign materials.

Toe soil on the area to be sodded shall be loosened and brought to a reasonably fine texture to a

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depth of not less than 30 mm by means of equipment on hand methods adapted for the purpose.

610.3.2 Placing the Sod

The earth bed upon which the sod is to be placed shall be moistened to the loosened depth, if not naturally sufficiently moist, and the sod shall be placed thereon within 24 hours after the same has been cut.

Unless otherwise required, the sod on slopes shall be laid on horizontal strips beginning at the bottom of the slope and working upwards. When placing sod in ditches, or in the construction of sod ditch checks or similar appurtenances, the length of the strips shall be laid at right angles to the direction of the flow of the water.

Sod shall be laid so that the joints caused by abutting ends of sod strip are not continuous. Each sod strip shall be so laid as to abut snugly against the strip previously laid.

As the sod is being laid it shall be lightly tamped with suitable wooden or metal tampers sufficiently to set or press the sod into the underlying soil.

At points where it is anticipated that water may flow over a sodded area, the upper edges of the sod strips shall be turned into the soil to be below the adjacent area and a layer of earth place over this juncture and thoroughly compacted. At the limits of sodded areas, the end strips shall be turned in and treated similarly.

610.3.3 Staking the Sod

On all slopes steeper than one vertical to four horizontal, sod shall be pegged with stakes 200-300 mm in length, spaced as required by the nature of the soil and steepness of slope. Stakes shall be driven into the sod at right angles to the slope until flush with the bottom of the grass blades.

610.3.4 Top Dressing

After staking has been completed, the surface shall be cleared of loose sod, excess soil or other foreign material, whereupon a thin layer of topsoil shall be scattered over the sod as a top dressing and the areas shall then be thoroughly moistened by sprinkling with water.

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Sodding shall be measured by the square meter and the quantity to be measured for payment shall be the actual number of square meters of area on which sod has been placed in accordance with this Specification and within the limits of construction as designated on the Plans or as ordered by the Engineer.

610.5 BASIS OF PAYMENTS

The quantity as determined in Subsection 610.4, Method of Measurement, shall be paid for at Contract unit price per square meter for Sodding which price and payment shall be full compensation for preparing the earth bed, for furnishing, placing, staking, top dressing and watering the sod, and for all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the Item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

610 Sodding Square Meter

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ITEM 612 - REFLECTORIZED THERMOPLASTIC PAVEMENT MARKINGS

612.1 DESCRIPTION

This Item shall consist of placing markings on the finished pavement. The work shall include the

furnishing of pre-mixed reflectorized thermoplastic stripping material conforming to the

requirement of AASHTO M 249 that is applied to the road surface in a molten state by mechanical

means with surface application of glass beads at a rate of not less than 350 g/L of glass beads

having a size range of drop-in type and will produce an adherent reflectorized stripe of specified

thickness and width capable of resisting deformation by traffic.

612.2 MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS

1. Reflectorized Thermoplastic Pavement Material shall be homogeneously composed of pigment,

filler, resins and glass reflectorizing spheres.

The thermoplastic material shall be available to both white and yellow.

2. Glass Beads (Pre-Mix) shall be uncoated and shall comply with the following requirements:

Refractive Index, min. - 1.50

Spheres, Percent, min. - 90

Gradation:

Sieve Mass Percent Passing

mm

0.850

0.600 100

0.425 75-95

0.300 -0.180 15-35

0.150 0.5

612.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

612.3.1 Composition

The pigment, beads and filler shall be uniformly dispersed in the resin. The material shall be free

from all skins, dirt and foreign objects and shall comply with the requirements as specified in Table 612.1.

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Table 612.1 - Composition Requirements

Component White Yellow

Binder, min 18.0 18.0 Glass Beads: min. 30 30 max. 30 30 Titanium Dioxide, min. 10 Chrome Yellow Medium, min. 10 Calcium Carbonate And Inert Fillers, max. 42.0 42.0

612.3.2 Qualitative

The material shall conform to the qualitative requirements as specified in table 612.2

Table 612.2 - Qualitative Requirements

Property Requirements

White Yellow

Specific Gravity, max. 2.15

Drying Time, mixtures, max 10.0

Bond Strength to Portland Cement Concrete after Heating for four ( 4) hours ±5 min, @

218°, MPa, max 1.25

Cracking Resistance @ low temp. after heating for four (4) hours No Cracks ±5 min. @ 218±2°C.

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Impact Resistance after heating for four (4) hours ±5min. @

218±2°( and forming test specimens. Mm/kg, min. 115

Softening Point after heating for four (4) hours ±5min. @

218±2°C. 102.5±9.5°(

Daylight reflectant " 45 Degree - 75 45

0 degree, %, min.

612.4 APPLICATION PROPERTIES

The material shall readily extrude at a temperature of 211 ± 7°C, from approved equipment to produce a line 3.2 to 4.8 mm thick which shall be continuous and uniform in shape having clear and sharp dimensions.

The material shall not exude fumes which are toxic, obnoxious or injurious to persons or property when heated during applications.

The application of additional glass beads by drop-in methods shall be at a rate of not less than 350 g/L of glass beads having a size range for drop-in type. The typical size range of spheres of a dropin type paints is as follows:

Passing 850 um ( #20) sieve and

Retained on 250 um ( #60) sieve, % 80 - 100

a. Preparation of Pavement Surface - the materials should be applied only on the surface which is clean and dry. It shall not be laid into loose detritus, mud or similar extraneous matter, or over an old paint marking, or over an old thermoplastic marking which is faulty. In the case of smooth, polished surface stones such as smooth concrete, old asphalt surfacing with smooth polished surface stones and/or where the method of application of the manufacturer of the thermoplastic materials shall be recommended, and with the approval of the Engineer.

b. Preparation of Thermoplastic Materials - The materials shall be melted in accordance with the manufacturer's instruction in a heater fitted with a mechanical stirrer to give a smooth

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consistency to the thermoplastic and such the local overheating shall be avoided. The temperature of the mass shall be within the range specified by the manufacturer and shall on no account be allowed to exceed the maximum temperature stated by the manufacturer. The molten material shall be used as expeditiously as possible and for thermoplastics which have natural resin binders or otherwise sensitive to prolong heating the materials shall not be maintained in a molden condition for more than 4 hours.

c. Laying - Center lines, lane lines and edges lines shall be applied by approved mechanical means and shall be laid in regular alignment. Other markings may be applied by hand - screed, hand propelled machine or by self-propelled machine approved or directed by the Engineer. After transfer to the laying apparatus the materials shall be maintained within the temperature range specified by the manufacturer and stirred to maintain the right consistency for laying.

In the case of screen application, the material shall be laid to a thickness of not less than 3 mm or more than 6 mm unless authorized by the Engineer when laid over an existing marking. In the case of sprayed application, the material shall be laid to thickness of not less than 1.5 mm unless authorized by the Engineer. In all cases the surface produced shall be uniform and appreciably free from bubbles and steaks. Where the Contractor Documents require or the Engineer direct that ballotini shall be applied to the surface of the markings, these shall be applied uniformly to the surface of hot thermoplastic immediately after laying such that the quality of ballotini firmly embedded and retained in the surface after completion complies with the requirements of Sub-section 606.2.2, Material Requirements.

Road markings of a repetitive nature, other center lines, lane lines, etc., shall unless otherwise directed by the Engineer be set out with stencils which comply with the size and spacing requirements shown on the Plans.

d. Re-use of Thermoplastic Materials - At the end of day's as much as possible the material remaining in the heater and/or laying apparatus shall be removed. This may be broken and used again provided that the maximum heating temperature has not been exceeded and that the total time during which it is a molden condition does not exceed the requirements of Subsection 606.2.3, Construction Requirements.

612.4.1 Defective Materials or Workmanship

Materials which are defective or have been applied in an unsatisfactory manner or to incorrect dimensions or in a wrong location shall be removed, the road pavement shall be made good and materials replaced, reconstructed and/or properly located, all at the Contractor's expenses and to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

612.4.2 Protection of the Traffic

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Toe Contractor shall protect pedestrians, vehicles and other traffic adjacent to the working area against damage or disfigurement by construction equipment, tools and materials or by spatters, splashes and smirches or paint or other construction materials and during the course of the work, provide and maintain adequate signs and signals for the warning and guidance of traffic.

612.5 SAMPLING

A minimum weight of 10 kg. of Reflectorized Thermoplastic paint shall be taken for every 100 bags or fraction thereof.

612.6 TEmNG

Toe material shall be tested in accordance with AASHTO T 250 or with the appropriate method in ASTM designation.

612.7 PACKING AND MARKING

Toe material shall be packaged in a suitable container to which it will not adhere during shipment and storage. The blocks of cast thermoplastic material shall be approximately 300 x 915 by 51 mm and shall weigh approximately 23 kg. Each container label shall designate the color, manufacturer's name, batch number and date of manufacture. Each batch manufactured shall have its own separate number. Toe label shall warn the user that the material shall be heated to 211 ± 7°C

during application.


Toe quantity of pavement markings to be paid for shall be the area as shown on the Plans of painted traffic line of the stated width and the area as shown on the plans of symbols, lettering,

hatching and the like, completed and accepted.

Toe quantity shown in the Bill of Quantities represents the approximate quantity in square meter of pavement markings, with width as shown applied at the centerline of the road pavements to which may be increased or decreased depending on the Engineer's decision whether to require additional markings or delete parts of it. Other markings representing symbols, lettering, hatching and others in locations where they maybe required by the Engineer shall, likewise, be implemented by the Contractor using reflectorized thermoplastic pavement markings as approved and directed.


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The quantities measured as determined in Section 612.8, Method of Measurement, shall be paid for at the appropriate contract unit price for the Pay Items shown in the Bid Schedule which price and payment shall constitute full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials, sampling and packing, for the preparation of the surface, and for all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the Item.


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PART K-STREETLIGHTS AND AREA LIGHTINGS

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SECTION 16001 - ELECTRICAL SPECIAL CONDITIONS

I. GENERAL

A. Description

The General and Supplementary Conditions accompanying these Specifications are hereby made as part of the requirements for the work under this Division of the Specification.

The work to be done under this Division of the Specifications consists of the fabrication, furnishing, delivery and installation, complete in all details of the Electrical System, at the project premises and all work materials incidental to the proper completion of the installation, except those portions of the work which are expressly stated to be done by others. All works shall be in accordance with the governing Codes and Regulations and with the specifications, except those where same shall conflict with such Codes, etc., where the latter shall then govern. The requirements with regards to materials and workmanship, specify the required standards for the finishing of all labor, materials, and appliances necessary for complete installation of the work specified herein and indicated in the drawings. The Specifications are intended to provide a broad outline of the required equipment, and are not intended to include all details of design and construction.

B. Site of Work

Clark North Area, Pampanga

C. Work Included

1. Under this section of the specification, provide all labor, materials and equipment and perform all the work necessary for the complete execution of all the Electrical System as shown on Electrical Drawings.

2. Provide labor and materials required to install, testing and commissioning to complete the electrical system for operational as called for in the Contract Documents, and according to applicable codes and regulations.

3. Supply and install labor, materials, apparatus, equipment and appliances essential to the complete function of the systems described and/or indicated herein, or which may be reasonably implied as essential whether mentioned in the Contract Drawings and Specifications or not.

D. Submittals

Items requiring submittals shall be as specified and shop drawings shall be submitted and approved according compliance to the specifications prior to procurement, fabrication or delivery of such item to the job site. Partial submittal will not be acceptable; such submittals will be returned without review.

1. Manufacturer's Data

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Submittals for each manufactured item shall include manufacturer's descriptive literature, equipment drawings, diagrams, performance and characteristic curves and catalog cuts. Each submittal shall have the manufacturer's name, trade name, catalog model or number, nameplate data, size, layout, dimensions, capacity, specification reference, Industry Specification references, and all other information necessary to establish contract compliance.

2. Shop Drawings

Shop drawings shall show all types, sizes, accessories, elevations, floor plans, sectional views, installation details, elementary diagrams and wiring diagrams. Wiring diagrams shall identify circuit terminals and shall indicate the internal wiring for each item of equipment and the interconnection between the items. Drawings shall also indicate adequate clearance for operation, maintenance and replacement of operating equipment devices. If any equipment is disapproved, the drawings shall be revised to show acceptable equipment and may be re-submitted.

E. Guarantee

a. Submit single guarantee stating that all parts of the work are in accordance with Contract requirements. Guarantee work against faulty and improper material and workmcmship for a period of one (1) year from date of final acceptance by the Employer, except that where guarantees or warranties for longer terms are specified herein, such longer term of guarantee will govern. Within 24 hours after notification, correct any deficiencies, which occur during the guarantee period without additional cost to the Employer, to the satisfaction of the Employer and Project manager. Obtain similar guarantees from subcontractors, manufacturers, suppliers and sub trade specialists

b. Indemnify the Employer against loss, liability, damage or expense, including attorney's fees, in connection with any claim resulting from damage, which may be asserted by any third party.

F. Standard and Code Compliance

When materials or equipment must conform to the standards of organizations such as American National Standard Institute (ANSI), American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) and Underwriter's Laboratories (UL), proof of such conformance shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval.

1. Comply with applicable codes, requirements, rules and regulations of the power and communication utility companies serving the building.

2. Comply with the requirement of agencies or authorities having jurisdiction over any part of the work and secure all necessary permits.

3. Where codes or standards are listed herein, the applicable portions apply.

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4.

5.

6.

7.

Plans specifications codes and standards are minimum requirements. Where requirements , , differ, apply the more stringent.

Execute all works in strict accordance with the best practices of the trades in a thorough, substantial workmanlike manner by competent workmen. Provide a competent, experienced full-time Professional Electrical Engineer who is authorized to make decisions.

All equipment shall meet or exceed minimum requirements the following:

NEC

PEC

ANSI

ASTM

EPA

m IEEE

IPCEA

NEMA

NFPA

OSHA

UL

Definitions

National Electric Code

Philippine Electrical Code

American National Standards Institute

American Society for Testing and Materials

Environmental Protection Agency

Electrical Testing Laboratories, Inc.

Institute of Electrical and Electronic Project manager

International Power Cable Project manager Association

National Electrical Manufacturers Association

National Fire Protection Association

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Underwriters Laboratories

a. "PROVIDE" means to furnish and install. b. "FURNISH" means to purchase and supply all materials, labor, equipment, testing

apparatus, controls, tests, accessories and all other items customarily required for the proper and complete application for the particular work referred to.

c. "INSTALL" means to join, unite, fasten, link, attach, set up otherwise connect together before testing and turning over to Employer, complete and ready for regular operation, the particular work referred to.

d. "CONCEALED" means concealed or embedded in masonry or other installations -installed behind wall furring or within double partitions, or installed within hung ceiling or shafts.

e. "AS DIRECTED" means as directed by the Employer or by His representative. f. "SUBMIT" means submit to Employer or Project Manager for review.

JI. PRODUCTS

A. Equipment and Materials

1. Products and materials that are specified or indicated on the Drawings for a specific item or system, use the specified products or materials. If products or materials are not specified in either plans or specifications, use first class products or materials. Those products or materials are subject for approval of the Employer or Project manager.

2. Provide products or materials that are brand new, clean, free from defects, damage and

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corrosion.

3. All products and materials shall not contain asbestos, PCBs, or any other hazardous material prohibited by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), or any other agency having jurisdiction.

4. Replace product and materials of less than specified quality.

5. Provide name/data plates on all components of equipment with manufacturer's name, model number, serial number, capacity data and electrical characteristics.

6. Installation of equipment, materials and devices shall be supervised by qualified engineer or specialty trade personnel.

7. Maintain single or uniformity of brand or manufacturer of product, materials and equipment used in similar applications and sizes.

8. Applicable equipment, materials and devices must be listed by Underwriter's Laboratories (UL) and manufactured in accordance with ANSI standards and as approved by local authorities having jurisdiction.

9. Fully lubricate equipment when installed.

10. Locate all floor-mounted equipment and panels at concrete pad. Concrete works to be provided by another trade. Concrete pads shall be 150mm high unless otherwise indicated, with steel reinforcing and necessary bolts, anchors, etc. Where concrete pad is set directly on concrete floor, provide dowels in floor to tie base to floor. Pads shall be extended at least 200mm beyond the equipment outline on all four sides. Coordinate size, locations, anchor bolts, etc to the Main Contractor.

11. Secure equipment with bolts, washers and locknuts of ample size to support equipment. Embedded anchor bolts to have bottom plate and pipe sleeves. Grout machinery set in concrete under the entire bearing surface. After grout has set, remove wedges, shims and jack bolts and fill space with grout.

12. Follow manufacturer's instructions for installing, connecting, and adjusting equipment and devices. Provide one copy of such instructions to the Project manager before installing any equipment. Provide a clear copy of such instructions and properly attached to the equipment during work on the equipment.

13. Where factory testing of equipment to ascertain performance and attendance by the Employer's representative and the Project manager is required to witness such tests, all associated travel and accommodation costs and subsistence shall be borne by the Contractor.

14. Equipment capacities, etc., are scheduled or specified for job site operating conditions. Equipment sensitive to altitude shall be derated with the method of derating identifies on shop drawings.

B. Shop Drawings, Product Data And Samples

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1. Within one (1) month after notice to proceed by the Employer or Employer's Representative, or after execution of Employer/Contractor, Agreement, submit to the Employer or Employer's representative for review, a complete list of all electrical equipment manufacturers and material or devices suppliers as well as names of all subcontractors.

2. Materials and equipment requiring samples, catalogue, data, shop drawings and manufacturer's certification shall be as indicated in the specifications.

3. Within two (2) months after notice to proceed by the Employer or Employer's Representative, prepare an index of all submittals for the project. Include a submittal identification number, a cross-reference to the Specification sections or Drawing number, and an item description. Prefix the submittal identification number by the Specification sections to which they apply. Indicate on each submittal, the submittal identification number in addition to the other data specified. All subcontractors will utilize the assigned submittal identification number.

4. After the Contract is awarded, obtain complete shop drawings, product data and samples from the manufacturers, suppliers, vendors, and all subcontractors, for all materials and equipment specified in the various sections of the specification. Submit data and details of such materials and equipment for review by the Employer or Project manager, review and certify that these items are in compliance with the Contract Documents. Check all materials and equipment upon their arrival on the job site and verify their compliance with the Contract Documents. Modification of any work which proceeds prior to receiving accepted shop drawings as required to comply with the Contract Documents and the shop drawings, shall be at of contractor and without any claim of additional cost to the Employer.

5. Prior to fabrication or installation of any work, completely coordinate all works to all trades and prepare a complete set of Construction Composite Drawings.

C. Reviews

1. The Employer's or employer's representative review is for general compliance with the design concept and contract documents. Markings or comments or the lack thereof does not relieve the Contractor from compliance with the project plans and specifications. The Contractor remain solely responsible for details and accuracy, for confirming and correlating all quantities and dimensions, for selecting fabrication processes, for techniques of construction, for performing his work in a safe manner, and for coordinating his work with that of other trades.

2. A maximum period of seven (7) working days, exclusive of transmittal time, will be required in the Project manager's office each time a complete shop drawing, product data and/or samples are submitted for review. This time period must be considered by the Contractor when scheduling his work.

3. Quantity of submittals shall be three (3) sets of clear white print for shopdrawings, catalogue, manufacturers' certification, etc.

4. Submittals shall be reviewed and returned with stamped "A", "B", "C" or "D" action. The review action are as follows:

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a. "A" - means approval subject to contract requirements. b. "B" - means approved subject to corrections noted and contract requirement. c. "C"- means returned with no action taken, resubmittal required. See notation hereon. d. "D" - means disapproved, resubmittal required. See notations hereon.

D. Alternative Materials And Equipment

1. Contract Documents are based on materials specified and on equipment manufacturers indicted on the Drawings or Specifications. Approval by the Employer or Employer's representative of equipment manufacturers other than specified does not relieve Contractor of any responsibility to provide equipment and materials which will meet the perfonnance as stated or implied by the Contract Documents.

2. Only those equipment manufacturers listed in individual sections are acceptable and subject to requirements of contract documents.

3. Submit proposals to supply alternative materials or equipment, in writing to the Employer or Project manager with sufficient lead time, for review by the Employer or Project manager, prior to the date equipment must be ordered to maintain project schedule. Contractor submitting alternative will reimburse Employer for all costs associated with the review of the proposed alternative whether alternative is accepted or rejected. Include the following information with the proposal.

a. A description of the difference between the contract requirements and that proposed alternative, the comparative features of each, and the effect of the change on the end result performance. Include the impact of all changes on other contractors and acknowledge the inclusion of implementation costs.

b. A list of the contract requirements that must be revised if the change is accepted, including any suggested specification revisions.

c. Include a description and estimate of costs the Employer may incur in implementing the change, such as test, evaluation, operating and support costs.

d. A projection of any effects the proposed change would have on collateral costs to the Employer.

e. A statement of the time by which a contract modification accepting the change must be issued, noting any effect on the contract completion time or the delivery schedule.

f. A statement indicating the effect to the contract price if the Employer accepts the change.

4. Include all revisions required to adapt alternatives such proposals, including revisions by other trades. No increase in the contract price will be considered to accommodate the use of alternative equipment.

5. Wherever operating results such as quantity delivered or pressure obtained are scheduled, or when the make and size of apparatus, for which such quantities are readily determinable,

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is specified, the substitution being proposed must conform substantially to the quantities specified or implied. The substitution must fit into available space conditions and must function properly in coordination with the rest of the system.

Ill. EXECUTION

A. Fees

1. Pay all required fees, excluding cost of deposits for the local electric utility companies. 2. Pay royalties or fees required in connection with the use of patented devices and systems. 3. Provide controlled inspection where required by local authorities or by these specifications.

B. Drawings and Product Data

1. Submit materials and equipment by manufacturer, trade name and model number. Include copies of applicable brochure or catalog material. Maintenance and operating manuals are not suitable substitutes for shop drawings.

2. Identify each sheet of printed submittal pages (using arrows, underlining or circling, mark or highlighted) to show applicable sizes, types, model numbers, ratings, capabilities and options actually being proposed. Cross out or remove non-applicable information. Note special features that being offered.

3. Include dimensional data for roughing in and installation, technical data sufficient to verify that equipment meets requirements of drawings and specifications. Include wiring, conduiting and service connection data, motor sizes complete with voltage ratings and schedules.

4. Maintain a complete set of reviewed and stamped shop drawings and product data on site.

5. Prepare and submit detailed shop drawings for critical areas such as power center, electrical rooms, distribution services and areas with conflict with other trades in a scale not less than 1:S0mts.

6. For each room or area of the building containing transformer, generator sets, switchboards, panelboards, UPS, busducts, etc. The following are required to submit for review and approval.

a. Floor Plans:

Plan views (including sections and elevations when requested) of the equipment indicated in the exact location in which it is intended to be installed. These plans shall be of a scale not less than 1:lO0mts. They shall be prepared in the following manner:

1) Indicate the physical boundaries of the space including door swings and ceiling heights and ceiling types (as applicable).

2) Illustrate all electrical equipment proposed to be contained therein. Include top & bottom elevations of all electrical equipment. The drawings must be prepared utilizing the dimensions contained in the Individual equipment submittals.

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3) Illustrate all other equipment therein such as panels, raceways, devices, luminaries, pull boxes, structural elements, etc.

4) Note the operating weight of each piece of equipment.

5) Note the heat release from each piece of electrical equipment. This information shall be provided and forwarded to mechanical for ventilation requirement. Indicated maximum normal allowable operating temperature for each piece of equipment

6) Illustrate all concrete pads, curbs, etc.

7) Note all code clearances and dimension from all equipment and walls.

b. Equipment Removal Routes:

1) Indicate on floor plans by means of arrows, the complete path for equipment removal.

2) Where equipment will be required to be hung temporarily from a slab or beam, note same on the submission including the weight of the equipment to be hung and the weight of the equipment to be hung and the weight of the hoisting equipment.

3) Note all heights of conduits, ductwork, link beams, doorways, piping, etc. in the proposed path assuring that adequate headroom is provided.

7. The Contractor is not relieved of the responsibility for dimensions or errors that may be contained on submissions reviewed by the Project manager, or for deviations from requirements in the Contract Documents. Understand clearly that the Project manager's noting some errors but overlooking others does not grant the Contractor permission to proceed in error. Regardless of any information contained in the shop drawings, product data and samples, the Contract Documents govern the work and are neither waived nor superseded in any way by the review of shop drawings, product data and samples.

8. Inadequate or incomplete shop drawings, product data and/or samples will not be reviewed by the Project manager and will be returned to the Contractor for re-submittal.

9. Indicate in the lower right hand corner of each shop drawing, and each product data brochure on the front cover, the following: a. The submittal identification number. b. Title of the sheet or brochure. c. Name and location of the Project. d. Project manager, e. Contractor, f. Subcontractor, g. Manufacturer, supplier, and vendor, h. Date of submittal; and the date of each correction and revision. i. Number all pages and drawings in product data brochures consecutively from

beginning to end. j. Unless the above information is included, the submittal will be returned for

resubmission. Include with resubmittals of product data or brochures a cover letter

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summarizing the corrections made in response to the review comments and the submittal page numbers, which were revised.

C. Contractor's Coordination Drawings

1. Prepare a complete set of Construction Composite Drawings indicating the size of purchased equipment and the exact routing for all lines such as piping, bus way, conduit, ductwork, etc., including conduit embedded in concrete. Use the sheet metal shop drawings as the base drawings to which all other contractors will add their work. Complete each Composite Drawing and have signed-off by the other subcontractors and the General Contractor prior to the installation of the work in the area covered by the specific drawing.

2. Indicate structural loads and support points for all racked conduit and bus way, and submit to the Structural for review and approval. Indicate the elevation, location, support points, static, dynamic and expansion forces and loads imposed on the structure at support, anchor points, and size of all lines. Indicate all size of conduit that penetrate to beam and slab. Indicate all work routed underground or embedded in concrete by dimensions to column and building lines.

3. Work installed which may interferes with work of any other trade as a result non coordination shall be corrected at no cost to the Employer.

D. Coordination Of Work

1. Toe electrical drawing shows the general arrangement of equipment and appurtenances. Follow those drawings as closely as the actual construction and the work of other trades will permit. Provide offsets, fittings, and accessories which may be required but not shown on the drawings. Investigate the site, structural and finish ground conditions affecting the work, and arrange the work accordingly. Provide such work and accessories as may be required to meet such conditions at no additional cost to the Employer.

2. Toe locations of lighting fixtures outlets, panels and other requirement indicated on the drawings are approximately but they are for final verification with Architect or Interior Design.

3. Exercise particular caution with reference to the exact location of panels, outlets, switches, etc., and have precise and definite location approved by the Project manager before proceeding with the installation.

4. Toe drawings show only the general run of raceways and approximate location of outlets. Any significant changes in location of outlets, cabinets, etc., necessary in order to meet field conditions shall be brought to the immediate attention of the Project manager and receive his approval before such alterations are made. All such modifications shall be made without additional cost to the Employer.

s. Obtain from the Project manager in the field the location of such outlets or equipment not definitely located on the drawings.

6. Circuit "tags" in the form of numbers are used where shown to indicate the circuit designation numbers in electrical panels. Show the actual circuit numbers on the finished record tracing and on a typed panel directory card. Where circuiting is not indicated, electrical trade must provide required circuiting in accordance with the loading indicated

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on the drawings and/or as directed.

7. Wherever work interconnects with work other trades, coordinate with other trades to insure that they have the information necessary so that they may properly install the necessary connections and equipment.

8. Identify items (remote ballast, pull boxes, etc.) and areas requiring access in order that the Ceiling Trade will know where to install access doors and panels.

9. Consult with other trades regarding equipment so that, wherever possible, controls and distribution equipment are of the same manufacture.

10. Furnish and set of block out or sleeves for busduct and conduits penetration through structural masonry and concrete walls and floors and elsewhere as will be required for the proper protection of each bus duct and conduit passing through building surfaces. Provide fire stooping or sealant to all penetrations.

11. Provide fire stopping or sealant around all pipes, conduits, ducts sleeves, etc., which pass through rated walls, partitions and floors.

12. Provide required supports and hangers for conduit and equipment, designed so as not to exceed allowable loadings of structures. Coordinate properly to Structural Engineer.

13. Examine and compare the contract drawings and specifications with the drawings and specifications of other trades, and report any discrepancies between to the Project manager and obtain from him written instructions for changes necessary in the work. Install and coordinate the work in cooperation with other related trades. Before installation, make proper provisions to avoid interferences.

14. Contractor shall furnish services of an qualified and experienced Professional Engineer, who shall be in constant charge of all work, and who shall coordinate his work with the work of other trades. No work shall be installed before coordinating with other trades.

15. Coordinate with Meralco as to their requirements for service connections and provide all necessary drawings, materials, equipment, and labor and testing.

16. Coordinate, with contractors for work under other Divisions of this specification, for all work necessary to accomplish this contractor's work.

E. Cutting and Patching

1. Lay out the work in advance, fully coordinated with other trades. Where cutting, channeling, chasing or drilling of floors, walls, partitions, ceiling or other surfaces is necessary for the proper installation, support or anchorage of conduits or other equipment, do the work carefully so as not to damage adjacent work. Repair any damage to the building, piping, equipment or defaced finish plaster, woodwork, metalwork, etc. using skilled mechanics of the trades involved at no additional cost to the Employer.

2. Do no cutting, channeling, chasing or drilling of unfinished masonry, tile, etc., unless permission from the Employer is first obtained. If permission is granted, perform this work

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in a manner approved by the Employer.

3. Provide slots, chases, openings and recesses through floors, walls, ceilings, and roofs as required to properly install work. Be responsible to properly locate such openings and provide for any cutting and patching caused by the neglect to do so.

F. Painting

1. All manufactured electrical equipment such as equipment, switchgear, lighting fixtures, etc., shall have factory-applied finished.

2. All other uncoated steel items such as boxes, support, hangers, rods, etc., shall be galvanized or have a shop coat of paint applied. Normally, shop coats shall be an approved primer containing at least 50 percent rust inhibitive pigment, applied before assembling the different parts.

3. Where conduits or equipment are mounted on a painted finished surface or a surface to be painted, the equipment or conduits must be painted to match the finish surface.

4. Include painting and retouching of:

a. Prefinished enclosures of switchgear, unit substations, panelboards, transformers, switches, wire ways, bus ducts, etc., where the paint finish has been slightly damaged during transit or installation.

b. Fixture hangers, except those received from manufacturers that are pre-finished. c. Miscellaneous steel hangers, brackets and supports.

G. Equipment Pad And Anchor Bolts

1. Furnish and install galvanized anchor bolts for all equipment places on concrete equipment pads, inertia blocks, or on concrete slabs. Provide bolts of the size and number recommended by the manufacturer of the equipment and locate by means of suitable templates. When equipment is placed on vibration isolators, secure the equipment to the isolator and to the floor, pad or support as recommended by the vibration isolation manufacturer.

2. Where control panels, controllers, etc., are mounted on gypsum board partitions, the mounting screws will pass through the gypsum board and be securely attached to the partitions studs. At the Contractor's option, the mounting screws may pass through the gypsum boards and be securely attached to 150mm square, 18 gauge galvanized metal back plates which are attached to the gypsum board with an approved non-flammable adhesive. Toggle bolts installed in gypsum board partitions will not acceptable.

H. Delivery, Drayage and Hauling

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1. Include all drayage, hauling, hoisting. Shoring and placement in the building of equipment specified herein. Be responsible for the timely delivery and introduction of equipment to the project as required by the construction schedule for this project. If any item equipment is received prior to the time it is required, it is the responsibility of the contractor for its proper storage and protection until such time as it may be required. Pay for all costs of demurrage or storage.

2. Equipment and material shall be properly stored and adequately protected and carefully handled to prevent damage before and during installation. Equipment and materials shall be handled, stored and protected in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and as approved by the Employer or Project Manager. Cables shall be sealed, stored and handled carefully to avoid damage to the outer covering or insulation and damage from moisture and weather. Damaged or defective items shall be replaced with new items at no cost to the Employer.

3. If any item or equipment is not delivered or timely as required by the project construction schedule, be solely responsible for disassembly, re-assembly, manufacturer's supervision, shoring, general construction modification, delays, overtime costs, etc. No additional cost or delays to be incurred by the Employer.

I. Mounting Heights

1. Unless otherwise noted or required because of special conditions, locate outlets as follows:

a. Mounting heights shall conform to Architect and Interior Designer requirements.

b. Heights listed are from finished floor to center of device unless otherwise indicated. Verify exact locations with the Project manager before installation.

1) Convenience: 300 millimeters unless otherwise noted. 2) Lighting Switches: 1370 millimeters (maximum 1520mm). 3) Disconnect Switches and panelboard: 1820 millimeters from the top. 4) Exit Lights: 50 millimeters above top of door to bottom.

J. Equipment and Material Protection

1. Protect all works, equipment and materials from damage and rectify damages without any additional cost to the Employer.

2. Be responsible for all works, materials and equipment until finally inspected, tested and accepted by the Employer; protect work against theft, injury or damage. Close open ends of work with temporary covers or plugs during construction to prevent entry of obstructing material. Cover and protect in an acceptable manner to the Employer, all equipment and materials from damage due to water, spray-on fireproofing, construction debris, etc.

3. Provide adequate means for fully protecting finished parts of the materials and equipment against damage from whatever cause during the progress of the work until final acceptance. Protect materials and equipment in storage and during construction in such a manner that no finished surfaces will be damaged or marred, and moving parts kept clean and dry. If items are damaged, do not install, but take immediate steps to obtain replacement or repair without any additional cost to the Employer.

K. Electrical Equipment and Electrical Room Precautions

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1. In general, do not install any piping systems not included as parts of the electrical work, in any switchgear, transformer or electrical equipment room.

2. Do not install piping above switchboards, panelboards, control panels, control centers, individual controllers, etc.

3. Provide drip pans under all piping installed in any electrical equipment room. Pan shall be water tight, extending 100mm in each direction from the pipe wall and turned up at least one-half the diameter of the pipe, but not less than 50mm. The pan shall extend at least 500 millimeters beyond the electrical equipment. Provide a drainpipe to spill into floor drain.

L. Fastenings

1. Fasten electric work to building structure in accordance with the best industry practice.

2. As a minimum procedure, where weight applied to the attachment points is 45 kilograms or less, fasten to building elements of:

a. Wood: with wood screws. b. Concrete and solid masonry: with bolts and expansion shields. c. Hollow construction: with toggle bolts. d. Solid metal: with machine screws in tapped holes or with welded studs. e. Steel decking or sub floor: with fastenings as specified below for applied weights in

excess of 45kgs.

3. As a minimum procedure, where weight applied to building attachment points exceeds 45kgs conform to the following :

a. At concrete slabs utilize 600mm x 600mm x 12mm steel plates on top with through bolts. Plate assemblies shall be chased in and grouted flush with the top of slab screed line, where no fill is to be applied.

b. At steel decking or sub floor for all fastenings, utilize through bolts or threaded rods. The tops of bolts or rods shall be set at lease one inch below the top fill screed line and grouted in. Suitable washers shall be used under bolt heads or nuts. In cases where the decking or sub floor manufacturer procedures specialty hangers to work with his decking or sub floor such hangers shall be utilized.

4. Where weight applied to building attachments points exceeds 136kgs, coordinate with structural engineer, obtain approval of the Employer and conform to the following:

a. Utilize suitable auxiliary channel or angle iron bridging between building structural steel elements to establish fastening points. Bridging members shall be suitably welded or damped to building steel. Utilize threaded rods or bolts to attach to bridging members.

5. For items which are shown as being ceiling mounted at locations where fastening to the building construction element above is not possible, provide suitable auxiliary channel or angle iron bridging tying to the building structural elements.

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M. Prohibited Labels and Identifications

1. Prohibited Markings: In all public areas, and similar locations within the project, the inclusion or installation of any item, element or assembly which bears on any exposed surface any name, trademark, or other insignia which is intended to identify the manufacturer, the vendor, or other source(s) from which such object has been obtained, is prohibited. Also prohibited is the inclusion or installation of any article, which bears visible evidence that an insignia, name, label, or other device has been removed.

2. Exception: Required Underwriters' Laboratory labels shall not be removed nor shall identification specifically required under the various technical sections of the Specifications be removed.

N. Date of Completion and Testing of Electrical Systems

1. Comply with the project construction schedule for the date of final performance and acceptance testing, and be sufficiently in advance of the Contract completion date to permit the execution of the testing prior to occupancy and the closeout of the Contract. Complete any adjustments and/or alterations, which the final acceptance tests indicate as necessary for the proper functioning of all equipment prior to the completion date. Refer to individual sections for extent of testing required.

2. Provide a detailed schedule of completion indicating when each system is to be completed and outlining when tests will be performed. Submit completion schedule to the Project manager and Employer for review within six (6) months after the notice to proceed by Employer of Employer's Representative has been given. Update this schedule periodically as the project progresses.

0. Operating Instructions

1. Provide the services of a factory-trained specialist to supervise the operation of all equipment specified herein and to instruct the Employer's operators for a five (5) day operating instruction period. The operating instruction period is defined as straight t ime working hours and not including nights, weekends or travel time to and from the project. Refer to individual sections for additional instructions by manufacturer's trained specialists.

2. Notify the Employer in writing at least two (2) weeks before each operating instruction period begins.

P. Operating and Maintenance Books

1. Provide operating instructions and maintenance data books for all equipment and materials furnished under this Division.

2. Submit three (3) final copies of operating and maintenance data books for review at least ten (10) weeks before final review of the project. Assemble all data in a completely indexed volume or volumes in three-ring binders and identify the size, model and features indicated for each Item. Print the project name and logo on the outside of the binders.

3. Deliver two (2) initial copies of the operation and maintenance data books to the Project manager six (6) months after notice to proceed has been given by the Employer or

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Employer's Representative.

4. Maintenance instruction manuals to include complete oiling, cleaning, and servicing data compiled in clearly and easily understandable form. Show all model numbers of each piece of equipment, complete lists of replacement parts, motor ratings, and actual loads.

5. Include the following information where applicable:

a. Identifying name and mark number. b. Locations (where several similar items are used, provide a list). c. Complete nameplate data. d. Certified Record Drawings and Final Reviewed Shop Drawings. e. Parts list. f . Performance curves and data. g. Wiring diagrams. h. Manufacturer's recommended operating and maintenance. i. List of spare parts recommended for normal service requirements. j. Assembly and disassembly instructions with exploded view drawings where

available. k. Trouble shooting diagnostic instructions where applicable.

Q. Record Drawings

1. Maintain on a daily basis at the project site a complete set of As-Built Drawings, reflecting an accurate dimensional record of all deviations between construction drawings and that of actually installed.

2. Record dimensions dearly and accurately to delineate the work as installed; suitably identify locations of all equipment by at least two dimensions to permanent structures. In addition, mark the Record Drawings to show the precise location of concealed work and equipment, including concealed or embedded piping and all changes or deviations in the electrical works from that shown on the Contract Documents. This requirement is not construed as authorization for the Contractor to make changes in the layout or work without written instructions from the Project Manager.

3. Upon completion of the installation, obtain from the Project manager, a complete set of Mylar transparencies on heavy gauge film with Project manager's seal and firm name removed. Enter thereon, in a neat and accurate manner, a complete record of all revisions of the original drawings, as actually installed. Bear the cost for transparencies and for making required changes. Submit one (1) set of black and white prints of these revised transparencies to the Project manager for review of completeness. After review by the Project manager, make necessary changes to transparencies and then deliver them to the Project manager for transmittal to the Employer. Project manager will not review these drawings for accuracy nor will the Project manager bear any responsibility for accuracy or completeness.

4. Mark all As-Built Drawings on the front lower right hand corner with a rubber stamp impression that states the following:

"AS-BUILT DRAWINGS"

"To be used for recording Field Deviations and Dimensional Data Only"

5. The Record Drawings will also consist of a set of prints of the final Signed Off Contractor's

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Composite Drawings prepared by the Subcontractors.

R. Certification

1. Any certifications required by the Specifications, in addition to those required for shop drawings, product data, equipment and other items, are to be so certified by the Employer, a Partner, or a Corporate Officer of the firm required to provide the Certification, or by another person duly authorized to sign binding agreements for and in behalf of the Employer, Partner or Corporation.

S. Final Review

1. At a time designated by the Employer, the entire system will be reviewed for compliance with the Contract Drawings and Specifications.

2. Demonstrate to the Employer and to the Project manager's personnel prior to the Final Review that all systems and all equipment have been properly tested and commissioned and are in compliance with the requirements of the Contract Documents. After these demonstration tests are satisfactorily completed, but prior to the Final review field visit, the Contractor will submit to the Project manager a written certification that:

a. Attests to the Contract Document compliance for this Project prior to the Project manager's Final Review field visit.

b. Certifies that the equipment and materials installed in this project under this Division contain no asbestos or PCBs.

3. Certificates and Documents required herein to be in order and presented to the Employer at least two (2) weeks prior to the Final Review.

4. After the review, any changes or corrections noted as necessary for the work to comply with these specifications and the Drawings to be accomplished without delay in order to secure final acceptance of the work.

T. Early Occupancy

1. Be responsible for completing those systems, which are necessary to allow partial occupancy of the buildings even if systems in the unoccupied areas are incomplete.

2. Verify with the . local Building Department or authority having jurisdiction for any requirements for the temporary occupancy.

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SECTION 16002 - SCOPE OF WORKS

IV. GENERAL

A. Description

3. Provide the work included in accordance with the Contract Documents.

B. Works Included

1. Provide all labor, materials, equipment, tools, appliances, auxiliaries, services, hoisting, scaffolding, support, supervision, and Project Record Drawings, and perform all operations for the furnishing and installing of the complete electrical system, including but not limited to the work described hereinafter.

2. The electrical work is shown schematically on the Drawings to indicate the general system arrangement and configuration. The work of this Division shall include coordination with the work of other Divisions of the Specifications and the Contract Documents so as to provide a complete and operations system capable of being readily operated and maintained, including approved rearrangement of the systems and equipment and rerouting of distribution services to enable the complete system to fit within the confines of the allotted electrical spaces, all to the satisfaction of the Employer or as directed by the Employer.

3. Under this section of the specification, provide all labor, materials and equipment and perform all the work necessary for the complete execution of all the Electrical System as shown on Electrical Drawings. Scope of Work shall include but not be limited to the following principal items of work:

a. Furnish and install all conduits in concrete encasement and manholes for power service entrance and distribution feeders.

b. Furnish and install complete distribution for lighting and power system to include conduits, wiring and wiring devices as required on the plans.

c. Furnish and install all feeder wires and conduit complete with support and other related accessories as indicated in the plan.

d. Furnish and install complete grounding and lightning protection systems.

e. Application of electric power connection including preparation of all necessary plans, forms and related documents, payment of all required fees and charges and coordination with other authorities or person involved in the procedure.

f. Equipment and miscellaneous steel supports for electrical equipment to include field painting. Sealing of sleeves and other electrical openings

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K.

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Perform all terminations to include testing, load balancing and commissioning.

Preparation of as-built plans and drawings in reproducible tracing and electronic files in Auto CADD.

All work materials, equipment, fittings, support, etc. which are necessary for the completion of the works must be included in this division of work.

All other items or works specified in other section of this specifications

STREET LIGHTS AND AREA LIGHTINGS

ITEM 103(3) STRUCTURE EXCAVATION (STREETLIGHT CONCRETE PEDESTAL AND TRENCH)

This item shall consist of the necessary excavation for foundation of footing pedestals for new posts, and other structures not otherwise provided for in the Specifications. Except as otherwise provided for pipe culverts, the backfilling of completed structures and the disposal of all excavated surplus materials, shall be in accordance with these Specifications and in reasonably close conformity with the Plans or as established by the Engineer.

This item shall also include necessary diverting of live streams, bailing, pumping, draining, sheeting, bracing, and the placing of all necessary backfill.

Prior to starting excavation operations in any area, all necessary clearing and grubbing in that area shall have been performed in accordance with item 100, Clearing and Grubbing.

Trenches or foundation pits for structures or structure footings shall be excavated to the lines and grades or elevations shown on the approved plan or as staked by the Engineer. They shall be of sufficient size to permit the placing of structures or structure footings of the full width and length shown. Any excavation carried beyond the limits shown or described on the drawings or specifications or beyond the dimension resulting from adjustments made by the Engineer shall be backfilled with materials acceptable and as directed by the Engineer.

The volume of excavation to be paid for will be the number of cubic meters measured in original position of material acceptably excavated in conformity with the plans or as directed by the Engineer.

ITEM SPL- 1000-1 CONSTRUCTION OF STEEL POLE CONCRETE PEDESTAL INCLUDING REBAR, FURNISHING AND INSTALLATION OF ANCHOR BOLT, ITEM SPL- 1000-1 (2)

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CONCRETE PEDESTAL INCLUDING REBAR FOR SERVICE ENTRANCE, ITEM 502(2)A CONCRETEHANDHOLEFORPULLBOX

Reinforcing Steel

The ite_m shall consist of furnishing, bending, fabricating, and placing of steel reinforcement of the type, s1z~, shape, and grade required in accordance with this Specification and in conformity with the requirements shown on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer.

Reinforcing steel shall meet the requirements of items 710, Reinforcing Steel and Wire Rope.

Placing of steel reinforcement shall be in accordance with the Specification and in conformity with the requirements shown on the Approved Plans or as directed by the Engineer. Steel reinforcement shall be deformed bars with a minimum tensile strength of 40,000 psi.

Steel reinforcement shall be stored above the surface of the ground upon platforms, skids, or other supports and shall be protected as far as practicable from mechanical injury and surface deterioration caused by exposure to conditions producing rust. When placed in the work, reinforcement shall be free from dirt, detrimental rust, loose scale, paint, grease, oil or other foreign materials.

All reinforcing bars requiring bending shall be cold bent to the shapes shown on the Plans or required by the Engineer. It shall be accurately placed in the position shown on the Plans or required by the Engineer and firmly held there during the placing and setting of the concrete. Bars shall be tied at all intersections except where splicing is less than 300mm in each directions, in which case, alternate intersections shall be tied, Ties shall be fastened on the inside. Reinforcement in any member shall be placed and then inspected and approved by the Engineer before placing of concrete begins. Concrete placed in violation of this provision may be rejected and removal may be required.

All reinforcement shall be furnished in the full lengths indicated on the approved Plans Splicing of bars, except where shown on the Plans, will not be permitted without the written approval of the Engineer. Splices shall be staggered as far as possible and with a minimum separation of not less than 40 bar diameter. Not more than one-third of the bars may be spliced in the same cross-section, except where shown on the Plans.

Structural Concrete

Furnishing, placing and finishing of concrete shall conform to the specifications and in accordance with the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the approved Plans.

The concrete materials shall be proportioned in accordance with the requirements for each class of concrete as specified in Table 405.2 (3,000 psi min. compressive strength for class "_A" c?ncrete) Composition and Strength of Concrete for Use in Structures of DPWH Standard Spec1ficatIons.

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Concrete shall have a consistency such that it will be workable in the required position . It shall be

of such a consistency that it will flow around reinforcing steel but individual particles of the coarse

aggregate when isolated shall show a coating of mortar containing its appropriate amount of sand .

ITEM SPL 1100-1 STEEL POST, GALVANIZED, 35'-HIGH, DOUBLE-ARM

Poles

Provide steel poles designed for wind loading of 250 kilometers per hour determined in accordance

with AASHTO L TS-2 while supporting luminaires having effective projected areas indicated. Poles

shall be anchor-based types designed for use with underground supply conductors.

Provide hot-dipped, galvanized steel poles having minimum 4.5-mm thick steel , tapered 8inches

diameter base and 3 inches diameter at top and a height of 35 feet, with minimum yield/strength of

227 MPa and hot dipped galvanized finish inside and outside.

Provide anchor bases with hot-dipped, galvanized steel anchor bolts with double nut and washer,

threaded at the top end and bend 90 degrees at the bottom end. Provide galvanized nuts, washer,

and ornamental covers for anchor bolts. Galvanizing shall be in accordance with the requirements

of ASTM A-120 for the poles and A-153 for the fittings.

ITEM SPL-1 - RACEWAY AND BOXES

(SPL - 1 CONDUITS, SPL - 1(1) IMC, 32MM0, SPL-1(2) PVC, 32MM0)

I. GENERAL

A. Description

Provide raceway systems and boxes in accordance with the Contract.

B. Work Included

1. Rigid Steel Conduit 2. Intermediate Metallic Conduit 3. Electrical Metallic Tubing 4. Flexible Metallic Conduit 5. Liquid-Tight Metallic Conduit 6. Non-Metallic Conduit

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7. Conduit Fittings 8. Wireway and Auxiliary Gutter 9. Outlet, Junction and Pull Boxes 10. Identification Labels

C. Submittals

1. Shop Drawings

a. Submit full erection drawings where raceways and/or auxiliary gutters are applied. Drawings to include plan, views, elevations, sizes of raceways, type and quantity of conductors proposed to be installed therein, etc.

2. Product Data

a. Submit dimensioned drawings for boxes exceeding 600 millimeters for any one dimension.

b. Submit manufacturer's catalog/brochures and specifications.

D. Quality Assurance

1. Except as modified by governing codes and by the Contract Documents, comply with the latest applicable provisions and latest recommendations of the following:

a. Rigid Steel Conduit (RSC)

1) U.L. Standard UL-6 2) ANSI CS0-1.

b. Intermediate Metallic Conduit (IMC)

1) U.L. Standard UL-1242.

c. Electrical Metallic Tubing (EMT)

1) U.L. Standard UL-797. 2) ANSI CS0-3

d. Flexible Metallic Conduit (FMC)

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1) U. L. Standard UL-1.

e. Liquid Tight Flexible Metallic Conduit (LTFMC)


f. Non-Metallic Conduit:

1) ANSI Standard F512. 2) NEMA Standard TC-2

g. Wireways and Auxiliary Gutters:


E. Rigid Steel Conduit (RSC)

1. Rigid conduit, heavy wall, galvanized.

F. Intermediate Metallic Conduit

1. Light weight rigid steel conduit.

G. Electrical Metallic Tubing

1. Continuous, seamless tubing galvanized or sheradized on exterior, coated on interior with smooth hard finish of lacquer, varnish or enamel.

H. Flexible Metallic Conduit

1. Single strip, continuous, flexible interlocked double-wrapped steel, galvanized inside and outside forming smooth internal wiring channel.

I. Liquid-Tight Flexible Conduit

1. Same as flexible steel conduit except with tough, inert watertight plastic outer jacket. 2. Acceptable Manufacturers

a. U.L. listed and labeled products by any manufacturer meeting the performance requirements specified herein may be utilized.

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J. Non-Metallic Conduit

1. Composed of poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) suitable for 90°C. 2. Raceway, fittings and cement must be produced by same manufacturer who must have had

minimum of ten (10) years' experience in manufacturing the products.

K. Conduit Fittings

1. Electrical Metallic Tubing

a. Steel compression gland.

2. Flexible Steel Conduit

b. Compression-type fittings.

3. Liquid-tight Flexible Conduit

a. Cast malleable iron body and gland nut, cadmium plated with one-piece brass grounding bushings, which thread to interior of conduit. Spiral molded vinyl-sealing ring between gland nut and bushing and nylon-insulated throat.

4. Non-Metallic Conduit

a. Solvent cemented type.

L. Wireways And Auxiliary Gutters

1. Sizes and shapes indicated on Drawings and as required. 2. Provide all necessary elbows, tees, connectors, adaptors, etc. 3. Hinged cover secured with captive screws. 4. Wire retainers not less than 300 millimeters on center.

M. Outlet, Junction And Pull Boxes

1. Cast Type Conduit Boxes, Outlet Bodies, and Fittings

a. For rigid steel conduit and IMC, ferrous alloy box with inside threaded hubs. b. For electrical metallic tubing, ferrous alloy box with compression or inside threaded hubs

with adapter.

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c. Covers: Cast or sheet metal unless otherwise required. d. Tapered threads for hubs. e. Acceptable Manufacturers:

1) U.L. listed and labeled products by any manufacturer meeting the performance requirements specified herein may be utilized.

2. Galvanized Pressed Steel Outlet Boxes

a. General: Pressed steel, galvanized or cadmium-plated, minimum of 4 inches octagonal or square with galvanized cover or extension ring as required.

b. Concrete Box: 100mm octagon with removable backplate and 100mm fixture stud, if required. Depth of box shall allow for minimum of 25mm of concrete to be poured above the backplate.

c. Switch and Receptacle Box, Indoors: Nominal 100mm square, 38mm or 54mm deep as required with raised cover unless otherwise indicated on Drawings.

d. Lighting Fixture Box:

1) 100mm octagon with 10mm fixture stud. 2) For suspended ceiling work, 100mm octagon with removable backplate where

required, and two parallel bar for securing to cross-furring channels and extend flexible conduit to each fixture.

3. Sheet Steel Boxes Indoors

a. No. 12 USS gauge sheet steel for boxes with maximum side less than 1000 millimeters, and maximum area not exceeding 25 meters riveted or welded 20 millimeters flanges at exterior corners.

b. No. 10 USS gauge sheet steel for boxes with maximum side 1000 to 1500 millimeters, and maximum area 20 millimeters to 38. lsquare meters; riveted or welded 20 millimeters flanges at exterior corners.

c. No. 10 USS gauge sheet steel riveted or welded to 38mm by 38mm by 6 millimeters welded angle iron framework for boxes with maximum side exceeding 1500 millimeters and more than 38.1 square meters in area.

d. Covers:

1) Same gauge steel as box. 2) Subdivided single covers so no section of cover exceeds 50 pounds.

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3) Machine bolts, machine screws threaded into tapped holes or sheet metal screws

as required; maximum spacing 300 millimeters.

e. Paint: Rust inhibiting primer, ANSI No. 61 light gray finish coat.

4. Pull and Splice Boxes, Outdoors

a. Aluminum reinforced, with removable covers secured by brass machine screws.

5. Junction Box, Sidewalk Type

a. Cast iron, hot-dipped galvanized with threaded conduit entrance hubs, flanged,

reinforced checkered cover, gasketed with pry bar slots and countersunk stainless steel

screws.

6. Floor Boxes

a. General:

1) Class I, watertight, normal depth cast iron construction Type I, fully adjustable, for use in concrete.

2) Single Gang: Round type. 3) Multiple Gang or Combination: Rectangular type: partitions for separating power

form communication sections.

b. Floor Box Covers :

1) Rugged construction, impervious to cleaning detergents. 2) Compatible with floor covering. 3) Brass or bronze for flush mounting. 4) Providing continuous ground path to box.

N. Identification Labels

1. Plasticized Cloth

a. Non-conductive b. Waterproof c. capable of withstanding continuous temperatures of 235°F and intermittent

temperatures to 300°F. d. Overcoating for protection against oil, solvents, chemicals, moisture, abrasion and dirt.

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2. Heavy, thermo-resistant industrial grade adhesive for adhesion of label to any surface without curling, peeling, or falling off.

3. Legends: Sharp, bold-face, two inch black letters on Alert orange background.

4. Label Designations; Nominal System Voltages

a. 230 volts b. 400 volts c. 460 volts d. 34,500 volts

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ITEM SPL-2 - WIRES & CABLES (SUPPLY AND INSTALLATION IN PLACE INCLUDING CONNECTORS, TAPES, ETC.)

(SPL - 2(1) THHN, 8MM2, SPL - 2(2) THHN, 30MM2, SPL - 2(3) 2 WIRES, THHN, 22MM2, SPL -2(4) WARNING TAPE, PVC, 5" WIDTH)

I. GENERAL

A. Description

Provide wire and power cable in accordance with the Contract Documents.

B. Work Included

1. Wire and Cable 2. Connectors 3. Termination kit 4. Electrical Tape

C. Submittals

1. Submit manufacturer's cut sheet/brochures and specifications.


1. Except as modified by governing codes and by the Contract Documents, comply with the latest applicable provisions and latest recommendations of the following:

a. General: Underwriters'Laboratories labeling of all insulations and jackets.

b. Thermoplastic Insulated Wire and Cables:

1) ICEA Pub. No. S-61-402 (NEMA Pub No. WC3): Thermoplastic Insulated Wire and cable for the Transmission and Distribution of Electrical Energy

c. Cross-Linked Thermosetting-Polyethylene Insulated Wire and Cables.

1) ICEA Pub. No. 5-66-524 (NEMA Pub. No. WC &) : Cross-Linked ThermosettingPolyethylene-Insulated Wire and cable for the Transmission and Distribution of Electrical Energy

2) I.E.C 60502.2 for cables of rated voltage of 3.6/6kV and 26/3kV

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3) I.E.C 60502.1 for cables of rated voltage of 0.6kV/lkV

d. Terminal Blocks

1) u. L. 1059

e. Insulation Thicknesses for Individual Conductors

1) NEC Table 310-13: Conductor Application and Insulations

II. PRODUCTS

A. Wire and Cable

1. General

a. Provide wire and cables with a minimum rating of 600 volts, except for wire used in 50 volts or below applications. For control or signal systems use 300 volt minimum or 600 volt where permitted to be incorporated with other wiring systems. All wires and cables shall be color coded or as required.

2. Conductors

a. Electrical grade, annealed copper, tinned if rubber insulated, and fabricated in accordance with ASTM standards.

3. Stranding and Number of Conductors

a. 3.5mm 2 and below shall be solid. b. Cables larger than number 5.5mm 2 shall be stranded and in accordance with ASTM

Class B stranding designations. c. Control wires stranded in accordance with ASTM Class B stranding designations. d. Cables, multi-conductor unless otherwise noted for low tensions systems.

4. Insulated Single Conductors

a. Type THWN - Thermoplastic insulation suitable for use in wet locations up to 75°C b. Type THHN - Flame Retardant : Heat-resistant thermoplastic insulation, nylon jacket

rated for 90°C operation

5. Multi-Core or Single-Core Insulated Power Cable

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a. Sizes as shown on Drawings b. Suitable for direct burial, duct, open air or conduit installation c. Temperature Rating: 90°C Dry/ 75°C Wet d. Three uninsulated ground wires for three conductor cables and two uninsulated ground

wires for four conductor cables in cable interstices with conductivity of approximately one-half that of one phase conductor.

e. Cross-Linked Polyethylene Conductor Insulation: Insulation thickness satisfying requirements of ICEA Pub. No. S-66-524 (NEMA WC 7), Table 4-5

f. Shielding: shielding requirements must satisfy I.E.C. 60502 for each operating voltage g. Overall polyvinyl chloride jacket satisfying requirements of ICEA Pub. No. S-66-524

(NEMA WC 7), Table 4-5.

6. Multi-Conductor Control and Supervisory Control Cables

a. Size AWG No. 16 (l.6mm2)

b. Suitable for direct burial, open air, duct or conduit installation c. Temperature Rating: 75°C Wet or Dry d. Uninsulated ground wire e. PVC or cross-linked polyethylene conductor insulation; thickness satisfying requirements

of ICEA Pub. No. S-66-524 (NEMA WC 7), Table 3-1, for cross-linked thermosetting polyethylene insulated conductors or ICEA Pub. S-61-402 (NEMA WC 5), for polyvinyl chloride insulated conductors.

f. Flame retardant overall polyvinyl jacket satisfying requirements of ICEA Pub. S-61-402 (NEMA WC 5), Table 7.4-2 or ICEA Pub. S-55-524 (NEMA WC 7), Table 4-5

g. Individual conductors bound together with overall binder tape prior to jacket application h. Individual conductors rating of 300 volts (instead of 600 volts) for cables designated

Supervisory Control Cable i. Factory color coded in accordance with Table 5-1, Part 5 of ICEA Pub. 5-61-402 (NEMA

WC 5) j. Fire rated cable shall have fire retardant insulation, halogen free and low smoke when

exposed to fire. Fire resistance rating shall be three (3) hours. B. Connectors

1. 5.5mm2

a. Hand-Applied:

1) Coiled tapered, spring wound devices with a conducting corrosion-resistant coating over the spring steel and a plastic cover and skirt providing full insulation for splice and wired ends. Screw connector on by hand.

b. Tool-Applied:

1) Steel cap, with conduction and corrosion resistant metallic plating, open at both ends, fitted around the twisted ends of the wire and compressed or crimped by means of a special die designed for the purpose. Specifically fitted plastic or rubber insulating cover wrap over each connector.

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2) Hydraulic tool of same manufacturer as lug which shall emboss on the connector the proper die number inspection.

3) Anti-oxide inhibitor for aluminum terminations.

C. Electrical Tape

Specifically designed for use as insulating tape

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ITEM SPL-3 - PANELBOARDS (SUPPLY AND INSTALLATION IN PLACE INCLUDING BRACKETS, BOLTS, NUTS, ETC.)

(SPL - 3(1) POWER SUPPLY (Panel LP, with digital timer, magnetic contactor switches, NEMA 4X)

I. GENERAL

A. Description

Provide panelboards in accordance with the Contract Documents.

B. Work Included

1. Panelboards 2. Circuit Breakers

C. Submittals

1. Shop Drawings

a. Submit complete shop drawings showing main devices and lug sizes; branch circuit device rating and arrangement; busbar rating and ampacities; dimensions and construction; gutter and panel box dimensions; nameplate and legend; protective coating; and all other pertinent details of panel, enclosure, cover, and method of securing cover and lock.

2. Product Data

a. Submit manufacturer's catalog data for all circuit breakers.


1. Except as modified by governing codes and by the Contract Documents, comply with the latest applicable provisions and recommendations of the following:

a. Panelboard

1) U. L. Standard #50 and #67 2) Federal Standard W-C-375a Amendment No. 4 and W-C 375b 3) NEMA Standard PB-1-1971 4) Philippine Electrical Code

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b. Circuit Breakers:

1) U. L. Standard #489 2) Federal Standard W-C-375a Amendment No. 4 and W-C 375b 3) NEMA Standard AB-1-1969 4) IEC 60868 and IEC 947-2

II. PRODUCTS

A. Panelboards

1. Provide panelboards consisting of complete assembly of main protective device, branch circuit switching, neutral and grounding busbar mounted inside a dead front enclosure. Provide the number and size of these branch circuit devices as indicated on the Drawings or in the load schedules. Locations of circuit breakers shall be as indicated in the load schedules.

2. Provide the following modifications and additional equipment as shown on the Drawings:

a. Main circuit breakers b. Integral remote control switches c. Feed-through lugs and/or bus d. Feed-through cabling arrangement e. Double lugs for multiple cables or for future provisions f. Ground fault interrupting circuit breakers g. Oversized gutters h. Door-in-door construction for power panels

3. Interiors

a. Rigid removable assembly of copper bus bars and interchangeable bolted branch circuit devices.

b. Busbars drilled to permit branch circuit devices of all sizes and number of poles to be interchangeable and installed in any spare space of sufficient size, without disturbing adjacent units; without removing main bus or branch circuit connectors and without machining drilling, or tapping in the field.

c. Arrange bus in sequence or distributed phasing so that multi-pole circuit breaker can replace any group of single circuit breakers of the same size.

d. Provide 100% neutral and 50% ground bus in each panelboard.

4. Enclosure

a. Code gauge steel box, galvanized material with rust warranty. b. Powder coated. c. Machine formed concealed type hinges for front doors. d. Edges shall be bended for sturdiness. e. Provide a bolt-on ground connector to inside of enclosure.

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f. Flushed mounted In finished areas and as indicated in the Drawings. g. Surface mounted within electrical and other utility rooms.

5. Front

a. Swing doors must be provided on all lighting and power panels. b. Heavy code gauge steel as required to maintain panel face flat. c. Hold front closed with trim clamps. d. Front door frame shall be hinged. Circuit breaker section door shall be hinged. Dead

front cover shall be swing type. e. Provide directly for total number of poles. f. Provide approved lock. All panels keyed alike. Furnish four (4) sets of master keys to

the Employer. g. Doors over 1200mm in height shall have auxiliary fasteners at top and bottom of door

in addition to lock and catch. h. Factory finished in medium gray enamel or two coats of air-drying lacquer over a rust

inhibiting primer.

6. Terminal Lugs

a. Bolted type, labeled for copper conductors. b. Locate main lugs at top or bottom, depending where main feeder enters.

7. Electrical Ratings

a. Panelboards shall be rated 400volts or as indicated, 3-phase, and 3-wire, with full neutral and ground with ampacities as indicated on the Drawings.

b. Panelboards shall be fully rated for the short circuit current indicated on the Drawings. c. Provide locking devices for designated breakers.

8. Circuit Breaker Devices

a. Plastic molded case. Complete sealed enclosure. Toggle type operating handle. Trip ampere rating and ON/OFF indication clearly visible.

b. Thermal-magnetic trip-free, trip-indicating, quick-make/quick-break, with inverse time delay characteristics. Single-handle and common tripping for multi-pole breakers.

c. Silver alloy contacts with auxiliary arc-quenching devices. d. Panelboard must be of the type which will accept the field installation of shunt trip

devices of 60 amperes or less on the branch devices. e. Interrupting capacities shall be as indicated on the Drawings. As a minimum, 220volt

devices shall be not less than lOkAIC, and 18kAIC for distribution panels. f. Locate next to each breaker or space unit an individual number or labeling. g. Circuit breakers serving kitchen equipment beneath cooking hoods shall include a shunt

trip coil.

9. Ground Fault Interrupters

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a. Ground fault interrupter branch circuit breakers shall be as indicated on the Drawings. Circuit breakers shall be circuit interrupting which will operate manually for normal switching functions and automatically under overload, short circuit, and 0.005 amp lineto-ground fault conditions. The operating mechanism shall be entirely trip-free so that contact cannot be held close against an abnormal overcurrent, short circuit, or ground fault condition. The device shall be bolt-on type with insulated case construction and shall be interchangeable with standard single pole breakers utilized in the panelboard.

III. EXECUTION

A. Not used

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ITEM SPL-4 - Equipment (supply and installation including all accessories to complete and make operational)

(SPL -4(1) LUMINAIRES (Lighting Fixture, die-cast, 120watts, LED lamps)

I. GENERAL

A. Description

Provide complete testing of equipment and systems throughout in accordance with the Contract Documents.

B. Work Included

1. Luminaires and Accessories

C. Submittals

1. Shop Drawings

a. Provide detailed scaled and dimensioned drawings of all luminaire types, except where specified fixtures are standard, unmodified, catalogued units. For catalogued units, fully detailed catalog information may be substituted for shop drawings. Provide full size cross sections for major luminaries and all custom designed luminaries. Indicate finished dimensions, metal thickness and gauges, material finished, electrical and mechanical connections, fasteners, welds, joints and provisions for the work of others.

b. Submit fixtures data with mounting details that include appropriate mounting accessories.

2. Product Data

a. The luminaire shall be designed to meet recommended luminance and illuminance requirements for local, collector and major roadway/street classification.

b. The luminaire shall be in die-cast enclosing incorporating casting integral heatsink transfer. It shall meet 3G vibration per ANSI C136.31-2010 ..

c. It shall have structured LED array for optimized roadway photometric distribution. The light engine shall consist of reflective technology designed to optimized application efficiency and minimized glare. It shall utilize high brightness LEDs, 70CRI at 4000K, typical.

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3. Samples

a. Provide samples as called for in the Contract Documents. Supply a completely operable fixture with a plug and cord for standard 230volt service. Provide lamps and component parts as specifically requested by Employer or Project manager. Provide samples for all custom designed luminaries and modified standard luminaries.

b. In addition to the above, submit to Project manager:

► Samples of any lens, louvers, or diffusers as requested. A 50 millimeter by 100 millimeter sample is the minimum size acceptable.

► Samples of any colors or finishes as requested. ► Where a sample is submitted or requested, do not fabricate or purchase that fixture

type until the sample is accepted and approved. Resubmit samples unit accepted. ► Tag samples with the name of the project, referenced specification paragraph or

drawing number, the fixture type, and any other identifying data. After review, the sample shall be shipped to Project manager. Do not install any sample fixtures in project unless otherwise instructed.

► If samples are not accepted by Project manager, samples will be returned to Contractor, at his expense. Upon receipt of unacceptable sample, immediately make a new submission of samples meeting the contract requirements.

c. Mockups

► If specifically called for in the fixture descriptions, temporarily install, connect and adjust the specified number of fixtures at no additional cost to Employer. Place the mockup fixtures where and when directed. Remove and store mockup fixtures when accepted at Contractor's expense.

4. Quality Assurance

a. Except as modified by governing codes and by the Contract Documents, comply with the latest applicable provisions and latest recommendations of the following:

► Underwriters Laboratories (U.L.) ► Philippine Electric Code (P.E.C.) ► National Fire Protection Agency (N.F.P.A.) ► Certified Ballast Manufacturers Association (C.B.M.) ► Illuminating Engineering Society (I.E.S.) ► American Society for Testing and Materials (A.S.T.M.) ► American National Standards Institute (A.N.S.I.) ► National Electrical Manufacturers Association (N.E.M.A.)

II. PRODUCTS

A. Luminaire Specifications

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1. Toe initial lamp lumens level shall be 13,800 lumens.

2. Mounting shall be through slip-fitter with +/- 5 degree of adjustment for levelling,

withintegral die-cast mounting pipe stop feature.

3. Finish shall be gray color corrosion resistant polyester powder paint.

B. Electrical Specifications

1. 120-277 volts, 120 watts

2. System factor >90% and THO <20%

3. Class "A" sound rating

4. Surge protection per ANSI Cl36.2-2015

a. Standard 6KV/3KA "Basic: 120 Strikes"

b. Secondary 10KV/5KA "Enhance: 40 Strikes"

5. EMI: Title 47 CFR Part 15 Class A

C. Ratings

1. UL listed suitable for wet locations per UL 1598

2. Standard optical enclosure rated per ANSI Cl36.25-2009:IP66

3. -4o0c to 50°c UL ambient typical

4. Upward light output ratio = O

5. Compliant with the material restriction requirements of RoHS

III. Execution

Not Used.

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GROUNDING SYSTEM

I. GENERAL

A. Description

Provide a low impedance grounding system in accordance with the Contract

B. Works Included

1. Ground Connectors and Clamps; Grounding, Bushing and Locknuts 2. Welding Type Ground Connectors 3. Compression Type Grid Connectors 4. Ground Rods and Clamps 5. Bonding Jumpers for Hinged Joints in cable Tray 6. Electrical Insulating Tape 7. Compound for Compression Connectors

C. Submittals

1. Shop Drawings a. Provide a complete set of shop drawings showing service grounding methods as called

for on the Contract Documents.

2. Testing Reports a. Submit test reports certifying resistance values for buried or driven grounds and water

pipe grounds.


1. Except as modified by governing codes and by the Contract Documents, comply with the latest applicable provisions and latest recommendations of the following: a. Underwriters Laboratory Standard No. U.L. 467 b. ANSI C-11978 c. IEEE Standard No. 142-1982 d. National Electrical Safety Code e. Philippine Electric Code

II. PRODUCTS

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A. Materials

1. Ground Cables: Bare or green color coded, insulated, annealed stranded tinned copper wire as indicated on Drawings; Insulated wire to conform to requirements of another section herein.

2. Mechanical Connectors: Tin-plated aluminum alloy, U.L. approved and stamped for use with aluminum or copper conductors.

3. Ground Rods a. Copper-dad steel fabricated by molten welding process b. Diameter: 25mm c. Length: 3000mm, except ad modified by the Contract Documents.

4. Ground Lugs and Connectors for cable Tray: Tin-plated aluminum alloy, suitable for use with aluminum or copper conductors.

III. EXECUTION

A. General

1. Purpose of Grounding System a. Adequate path for ground fault currents b. Safety to personnel from accidental electric shock hazards c. Prevention of hazardous discharge of static electricity.

2. Whether or not indicated on Drawings, provide continuous ground path for all electrical circuits from point of utilization back to source through ground wires, bonded metallic conduit runs, grounded cable trays, and related items.

B. Grounding Methods

1. Ground rods shall be copper-clad steel not less than 25mm in diameter, and three (3) meters long, driven full length into the earth. The maximum resistance shall not exceed 5 ohms. If this resistance cannot be obtained with a single rod, additional rods shall be installed not less than 1.8 meters on center. If sectional type rods are used, two additional sections may be coupled and driven with the first rod.

2. A metal underground water piping system used for grounding shall be in direct contact with the earth for 3 meters or more and shall be electrically continuous. Provide bonding jumpers at water meter and at insulating joints.

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3. Steel reinforcing bars used for grounding shall be encased by at least 50mm of concrete, located within and near the bottom of a concrete foundation or footing that is in direct contact with the earth. Reinforcing bars shall be minimum 13mm diameter and consisting of six (6) meters of one or more steel reinforcing bars.

4. All bonding jumpers for the above grounding systems shall be sized in accordance with NEC Section 250-94 and the PEC.

5. Cold Water Pipe Grounding

a. Make connection with damp type fitting; do not damage water pipe. b. Bond ground conductor and its conduit to water pipe. c. Install 100mm2 bonding jumper with ground clamps around water meter.

6. Ground Conductors

a. Size as shown on Drawings or as required in accordance with Philippine Electrical Code (PEC).

b. Where ground cables are required, install insulated copper ground conductors in steel conduit or as indicated.

c. Where ground cable is protected by metallic conduit, bond cable to conduit both ends. d. Connect ground conductors in cables and in conduit to appropriate ground buses (as

in switchboards, and distribution panelboards) or directly to metallic enclosure if no ground bus is provided.

7. Conduit Attachment to Electrical Equipment

a. Ground conduits to metal framework of electrical equipment with double locknuts or grounding bushings and bonding jumpers unless otherwise noted.

b. Install bonding jumpers at all electrical equipment to provide continuous ground return path through conduit.

c. Install PEC approved bonding jumpers across expansion fittings between conduit sections for ground path continuity.

d. Where motors or other utilization equipment are connected to electrical system with flexible conduit, ground by one of the following : ► Flexible metal conduit alone if length is 1800mm or less, conduit is terminated in

fitting approved for purpose, and circuit conductors contained therein are protected by overcurrent devices rated 20 amperes or less.

► External jumper across flexible conduit. ► Flexible conduit containing integral ground wire.

8. Panelboards

a. Install bonding jumpers inside all panelboards to bond feeder conduit to panelboards, except for panelboards containing branch circuits each having less than 150 amperes current carrying capacity, with two standard locknuts and bushings, one inside and one outside, run up wrench tight.

.&t"IARK ~ ,,,,.."·Clark Development Corporation 6 CONNECTOR ROAD FROM MACARTHUR HIGHWAY TO NEW CLARK CITY AIRPORT ROAD SECTION VI. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS AND SCOPE OF WORKS

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SPL-5 TESTING AND COMMISSIONING

Test and Guarantee

Upon completion of the electrical construction work, the contractor shall provide all test equipment and personnel and to submit written copies of all test results.

The contractor shall guarantee the electrical installation are done and in accordance with the approved plans and specifications. The contractor shall guarantee that the electrical systems are free from all grounds and from all defective workmanship and materials and will remain so for a period of one year from date of acceptance of works. Any defects shall be remedied by the contractor at his own expense.

Method of Measurement

The whole work under this item will be paid for each of the items provided in the Bill of Quantities. Payments shall be full compensation or for all materials, labor, plant, equipment, tools and incidentals, including all necessary tests electrical permits that may be required and all other incidentals to put the whole electrical lighting system and each individual luminaire as detailed in the project drawings .

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