TI Magnetic & Ultrasonic Position Sensing in Aerospace & Defense November-2020

Agenda

• Magnetic sensing using Hall Effect Sensors

• Use-cases for different Hall effect topologies

• Hall Effect Sensor Portfolio

• Position sensing using Ultrasonic

• Use-cases for ultrasonic sensors.

• Overview of tools and training for these products

2

TI Confidential Information – Selective Disclosure

Rotational Sensing

Enable rotary encoding or motor

commutation utilizing a latch-type or

linear hall sensors

Proximity Detection

Detect the presence/absence of a

magnetic field based on predefined

operating and release thresholds of

magnets

Hall effect position sensing use cases Solutions customers seek

Absolute Position

Measurement

Precise absolute position

measurement for linear and angular

movements

Different types of Hall effect sensors

4

Hall Effect Latches

Indicates the most recently measured magnetic flux

density. These are used in rotary applications, whether

for BLDC motor sensors or incremental encoding.

Hall Effect Switches

Indicates the presence or absence of magnetic flux

density compared to a defined threshold.

• Unipolar Switch – Responds only to south magnetic poles

• Omnipolar Switch – Responds to both south and north

magnetic poles

Linear Hall Effect Sensor

Outputs a signal that’s proportional to magnetic flux

density, to measure precise movement.

B

southnorth

OUT

0 mTBOPBRP

0V

BHYS

VDD

B

southnorth

OUT

0 mTBOPBRP

0V

BHYS

VCC

B

southnorth

OUT

0 mTBOPBRP

0V

BHYS

BOP BRP

BHYS

unipolar

omnipolar

BLDC motor commutation

• 3X latches per motor to sense each phase for 3-phase motor commutation

• Hall sensor output used for position, direction, and speed calculation (allows

controller to energize the proper winding).

• Click here to read the app note about using Hall latches for BLDC motor

commutation.

• Click here to watch the TIPL video about using Hall sensors in rotary applications.

Getting Started

• DRV5013 (-Q1): High voltage (up to 38V), wide survivability range (-22 to 40V)

• DRV5015 (-Q1). Low voltage (up to 5.5V), high-sensitivity (2mT), cost-competitive

• DRV5011: Low voltage (up to 5.5V), push-pull output, small packages (X2SON,

WCSP)

Recommended Products

Incremental rotary encoding

• 2 Hall latches can be used to determine the speed and direction of a motor.

• Click here to read the app note about using Hall latches for incremental rotary

encoding.

• Click here to watch the TIPL video about using Hall sensors in rotary applications.

Getting Started

• DRV5013 (-Q1): High voltage (up to 38V), wide survivability range (-22 to 40V)

• DRV5015 (-Q1). Low voltage (up to 5.5V), high-sensitivity (2mT), cost-competitive

• DRV5011: Low voltage (up to 5.5V), push-pull output, small packages (X2SON,

WCSP)

Recommended Products

Single output 2-bit quadrature output

Angle measurement

• 2 single-axis linear Hall sensors or one 3D linear Hall sensor can be used to

measure angle.

• Tradeoffs: The single-axis linear solution can support higher speeds but the 3D

solution has higher accuracy at lower speeds. The 3D sensor also offers

mechanical flexibility.

• For more information, read through the app note or white paper on using single-

axis linear Hall sensors for angle measurement.

Getting Started

Single-axis linear solution 3D linear solution

• TMAG5170 (-Q1): High accuracy, 3D linear with SPI output (targeting ASIL B)

• DRV5055 (-Q1): Single-axis linear Hall sensor with analog voltage output

Recommended Products

1 sensor ~140°

2 sensors 360°

Proximity sensing

• Hall switches are used to detect the absence/presence of a target.

• Applications using Hall switches need to design according to the magnetic operate and

release threshold of the device to ensure a proper response is indicated with changes in

the mechanical state. For guidance, utilize the magnetic field calculator located in all Hall

switch product folders.

• For more information read through the application report on designing single and multi-

position switches

Getting Started

• DRV5023(-Q1): Unipolar, high voltage (up to 38V), wide survivability range (-22 to 40V)

• DRV5033(-Q1). Omnipolar, high voltage (up to 38V), wide survivability range (-22 to 40V)

• DRV5021 (-Q1): Unipolar, low voltage (up to 5.5V)

• DRV5032: Ultra-low power (5Hz, <1µA), low voltage (up to 5.5V)

• TMAG5123-Q1: in-plane, high precision, high voltage (up to 38V), omnipolar

• TMAG5124: 2-wire current interface, high precision, high voltage (up to 38V), unipolar

Recommended Products Travel detection Open/close detection

Insertion detection Multi-position detection

TI Confidential Information – Selective Disclosure

Ab

so

lute

Po

sit

ion

P

roxim

ity D

ete

cti

on

&

Ro

tati

on

al S

en

sin

g

High Voltage: Up To 38V Supply Voltage

1st Generation

DRV5012

Low-Power, Low-Voltage

Latch • Low-Power operation:

− 1.6µA @ 20Hz

− 153µA @ 2.5kHz

• Low-Voltage: 2.5 V or 5.5V

DRV5021

High-BW, Low-Voltage

Switch • 3 Magnet Threshold Options

− 2.9mT, 9.2mT, 17.9mT

• Unipolar

• 2.5V or 5.5 V operation

• 30kHz BW

Hall-effect portfolio

2nd Generation

DRV5015

High-BW Latch

• Inverted output option

• 2.5V or 5.5 V operation

• 30kHz BW

DRV5032

Low-Power

Switch • 4 Magnet Threshold Options

− 3.9mT, 4.8mT, 9.5mT,

63mT

• Open-Drain / Push-Pull

• Unipolar / Omnipolar

DRV5033

High-BW Switch

• 3 Magnet Threshold Options

− 3.5mT, 6.9mT

• Omnipolar

• Open-Drain Output

B

OUT

0 mT BOPBRP

BHYSBHYS

North SouthBRPBOP

DRV5023

High-BW Switch

• 3 Magnet Threshold Options

− 6.8mT, 12mT, 24mT

• Unipolar

• Open-Drain Output

DRV5013

High-BW Latch

• 4 Magnet Threshold Options

− 3.4mT, 5mT, 9mT, 18mT

• 30kHz BW

B

OUT

0 mT BOPBRP

BHYS

North South

DRV5053 High-Voltage Linear

• 30kHz Signal Bandwidth

• Multiple Sensitivity Options

− -11mV/mT, -23mV/mT, -

45mV/mT,

-90mV/mT, +23mV/mT,

+45mV/mT

DRV5055 Ratiometric Bipolar Linear

• 20kHz Signal Bandwidth

• Multiple Sensitivity Options:

− 12.5mV/mT, 25mV/mT, 50mV/mT,

100mV/mT

• 5% Sensitivity Accuracy

• 0.12%/°C Magnet Temp Compensation

DRV5056 Ratiometric Unipolar Linear

• 20kHz Signal Bandwidth

• Multiple Sensitivity Options:

− 25mV/mT, 50mV/mT, 100mV/mT,

200mV/mT

• 5% Sensitivity Accuracy

• 0.12%/°C Magnet Temp Compensation

DRV5057 Bipolar Linear

w/ PWM Output • 20kHz Signal Bandwidth

• Multiple Sensitivity Options:

− 2%D/mT, 1%D/mT, 0.5%D/mT,

0.25%D/mT

• 5% Sensitivity Accuracy

• 0.12%/°C Magnet Temp Compensation

DRV5011

Smallest Latch

in the Industry • 2mT magnetic sensitivity

• 30kHz BW

• Tiny package options:

− 1.1 x 1.1 mm X2SON

− 0.8 x 0.8 mm DSBGA

B

OUT

0 mT BOPBRP

BHYSBHYS

North SouthBRPBOP

B

OUT

0 mT BOPBRP

BHYS

North SouthB

OUT

0 mT BOPBRP

BHYS

North SouthB

OUT

0 mT BOPBRP

BHYS

North SouthB

OUT

0 mT BOPBRP

BHYSBHYS

North SouthBRPBOP

B

OUT

0 mT BOPBRP

BHYSBHYS

North SouthBRPBOP

2kHz Clock Freq

The Auto Grade 0 provides wider temp range operation: -40 to 150C

• TI Designs

• TechNotes

• TMAG5170EVM

TMAG5170-Q1

• Measures Magnetic Flux Density in 3 Axis, Digitizes Outputs • < ±2% sensitivity error over operating range • Low-Power Options

– 1.5uA Sleep Mode (Retains User Defined Configuration) – 10nA Deep Sleep Mode (Reverts to Factory Mode)

• Integrated Angle CORDIC calculation with Gain and Offset Adjustment • On-chip temperature sensor • Selectable Magnetic Temperature Compensation • Designed in Accordance with Automotive ASIL Safety Systems • 12-bit ADC with selectable full-scale ranges: A1 (±25mT, ±50mT, ±100mT) and A2

(±133mT, ±200mT, ±300mT) • Primary Supply Voltage of 2.3V to 5.5V • 8 pin VSSOP (3mm × 5mm) package • -40°C to 150°C AEC-Q100 Grade 0 planned

• Freedom to position magnet and printed circuit board in 3D space

• Best-in-class sensitivity error allows precision system design

• Optimize system power consumption

• Reduces system processing requirements of MCU

• Temperature sensor data is available for multiple system functions such as safety check

and temperature compensation

• Flexible ASIL safety scheme enables system specific implementation for end

applications

• Selectable sensitivity ranges allows last minute design adjustments

• Grade 0 rating allows operation in harsh temp conditions

Features Benefits

Applications

3-Axis Linear Hall Effect Sensor with SPI Output Interface

Tools & Resources

Samples available on

ti.com

• Lever position measurement – Stalk gear shifters, Turn signals

• Angle measurement – EPS, Steering wheel control, Steering angle

sensor, eShifter knob, Gas/Brake/Clutch pedals, Electronic throttle control, EGR

valves

• Linear movement – Actuators, Fluid measurement

• Ambient current sensing – HEV/EV

TMAG5124-Q1

• 2-wire Hall switch using ICC (current output) to communicate the

presence of a magnet – ILOW option 1: 2-5 mA Low, 12-17 mA High

– ILOW option 2: 5-6.9 mA Low, 12-17 mA High

• Trimmed magnetic threshold options (BOP): – 3 to 5mT – 5 to 7mT

– 9 to 11mT – 14 to 16mT

• Wide operating VCC: 2.7V to 38V – -22V to 40V absolute max

• -40°C to 150°C AEC-Q100 Grade 0 temperature range

• Seat belt detection • Trunk closure

• Seat position detection • Sunroof closure

• Electric parking brake

11

• Robust 2-wire interface:

– Minimizes cabling, reducing wire harness cost and weight

– Can detect a loss of connection

• Precise magnet position detection

• Can directly connect to VBAT

• Supports up to 40V load dump and -20V for reverse battery

protection

Features Benefits

Applications

Tools & Resources

2-Wire Digital Switch Hall Effect Sensor (Auto Grade 0 qualified!)

• TMAG5124EVM

• TI Designs

• Technical article

Samples available on

ti.com

TMAG5123-Q1

• In-plane functionality enables magnetic sensitivity parallel to

the surface of the package

• Four magnetic sensitivity threshold options: – 3mT (Max BOP)

– 4.5mT (Max BOP)

– 8mT (Max BOP)

– 11mT (Max BOP)

• BOP,min to BOP,max spread of 2mT max

• Wide operating supply voltage: 2.7V to 38V

• Continuous mode

• Available in SOT-23 package

• -40°C to 150°C AEC-Q100 Grade 0 temperature range

• Gear shifter

• Interior lighting switch

• Open/Close detection sensor

• Sunroof/Trunk/Hood latches

• Steering column control

module

• TMAG5123EVM

• Application note

• In-plane axis of sensitivity enables flexible PCB placement

relative to magnet location and movement

• Different sensitivity options enable use in a wide range of

systems with various magnet and distance requirements

• Higher magnetic precision allows for flexible mechanical design

• Can directly connect to VBAT

• Supports up to 40V load dump and -20V for reverse battery

protection

Features Benefits

Applications

Tools & Resources

In-Plane High-Precision Hall Effect Switch Sensor (Auto Grade 0 qualified!)

12

Samples available on

ti.com

Why use TI ultrasonic sensing? Key applications

Featured products

Links to get started

Ultrasonic sensors Integrated system on chip solutions for presence, position, and proximity sensing

Frequency Device Type Features

Drive transducers from

31.25kHz to 4MHz to

accurately detect objects

with a resolution of 1mm

– 1cm at a range of

10cm – 10m

Shrink your design with

integrated and analog

front end solutions that

allow for system

flexibility

Achieve various

transducer current and

voltage requirements

with both direct drive

and transformer drive

solutions

PGA460 (Q1)

Industrial Automotive

• Industrial / logistics robots

• Vacuum robots / lawn mowers

• Level transmitter

• Position sensors

Ultrasonic ASSP with

integrated DSP and time-

varying gain

• Ultrasonic park assist

• Powertrain fluid sensors

• Smart kick-to-open trunk

Ultrasonic AFE with

logarithmic receiver for

directly driven transducers

Design support PGA460 EVM training Application note

TI’s integrated ultrasonic sensing ICs can drive a variety of transducers

over a wide detection range. The small size and accurate performance of

the TI ultrasonic solutions enable the integration of proximity sensing and

collision avoidance feature in a wide variety of industrial and automotive

applications.

Reference designs

TI’s Ultrasonic sensors

TUSS4470 TUSS4440

Ultrasonic AFE with logarithmic

receiver for transformer driven

transducers

Ultrasonic use-cases

Logistics Robots

Autonomous Robots (Vacuums) Ultrasonic sensors can distinguish between floor types and

detect approaching cliffs.

Presence/ Proximity Sensing / Industrial Robots

Ultrasonic sensors allow for accurate object detection in factory

lines, independent of object color, transparency, and density.

Level Sensing

Improve robustness of system & prevent rust with ultrasonic

contactless liquid level sensing technology.

Floor type detection (PGA460) Cliff detection (PGA460)

Ultrasonic sensors can provide obstacle detection and terrain-

type detection by the ability to distinguish between different

materials in harsh outdoor environments.

Other applications:

• Parking spot sensors

• Garage gate sensors

Obstacle detection (PGA460) Terrain Type Detection (PGA460)

Vehicle detection (PGA460)

Level Sensing Measurement (TDC1000)

TI Confidential Information – Selective Disclosure

Tools & resources

15

Videos:

Forum and cross reference:

TI Confidential Information – Selective Disclosure

Tools & resources

DRV5055-ANGLE-EVM

EVMs:

Reference designs:

TIDA-00196

12V and 24V Brushless DC

Outrunner Motor

BOOSTXL-PGA460

TIDA-020010

Automotive HVAC control

reference design with HMI

TMAG5170EVM TDC1000-C2000EVM

TIDA-060024

Ultrasonic proximity-sensing

module

Ultrasonic fluid level/quality

measurement

TIDA-00322

Tools & resources

17

How determine the distance vs. magnetic flux density:

1. Magnet datasheet

2. Simulation (FEMM, COMSOL, ANSYS Maxwell)

3. Measurement (gaussmeter/teslameter, linear Hall)

4. TI magnetic field calculator

On-line calculator:

Rectangle

Cylinder