The Socio Economic Impacts of COVID-19 in Burkina Faso

The Socio Economic Impacts of COVID-19 in Burkina Faso Results from a High Frequency Phone Survey of Households

Round 1

August 12, 2020

Background

• The Covid-19 – a respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus – which was detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019 became a pandemic in early March 2020, impacting societies and the economy at a global scale.

• Burkina Faso confirmed the first patient on March 9th, 2020.

• As of August 9th, 2020, the country has a total of 1,213 confirmed cases.

• Luckily the country experienced only 54 deaths and 995 patient recoveries, as a result, as of August 9th, 2020, there are only 164 active cases.

Source: https://burkinafaso.opendataforafrica.org/covid-19?lang=fr

COVID-19 CASES IN BURKINA FASO

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

30-Jan 19-Feb10-Mar30-Mar19-Apr 9-May29-May18-Jun 8-Jul 28-Jul 17-Aug

Nu

mb

er o

f p

eop

le

Total Cases

Active cases

Background (cont.)To contain the pandemic, the Government took social distancing measures…

• These measures include:

oMovement & Visa restrictions

o Schools closure

oHealth screenings in airports and

border crossings

…resulting in limited mobility

Source: Burkina Faso COVID-19 Mobility Factsheet (David Newhouse et al.; July, 2020)

Background (cont.)

• Though the human cost of Covid-19 in Burkina Faso is still limited, the immediate economic cost is likely to be significant.

• The WB is projecting a negative growth due to the COVID-19.

• Beyond the health response, the Authorities are yet to design and implement emergency measures to mitigate socio-economic impact of COVID-19.

• Other countries around the World are taking bold actions such as:• Scaling up of existing social protection

• Providing unemployment benefits

• tax relief

• Etc.

4

World Bank GDP growth projections in 2020

Source: World Bank, Economic Update (June 2020)

2.0

0.5

0.1

2.1

-0.7

-3.3

-0.3

-1.4

-0.8 -0.8

-4.0

-3.0

-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

- Agriculture Industry Services Net taxes

GDP growth Contribution to GPD growth

No Shock Pessimist scenario

Objectives of the High Frequency Phone Survey of Households

• To monitor the socio-economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic with a focus on earnings, employment, health, education, food security, as well as copping strategy, including safety nets.

• The survey instrument was designed to be country specific, but also to allow for international comparisons given that the WB has launched similar initiatives in several countries around the World.

• The WB worked jointly with the Institut National de la Statistique et de la Démographie (INSD) for the design and implementation of the survey.

• Data collection for the 1st round (which is the subject of this presentation) took place between June 9th and July 1st, 2020.

Key Findings (I)

Knowledge and Behavior

• Majority of respondents have a good knowledge of social distancing and preventive measures that one can adopt to reduce the risk of infection with COVID-19.

• …and they frequently apply these preventive measures and recommended social behaviors.

• Respondents are not aware of all actions taken by authorities to curb the spread of the virus; only four actions are named by the majority: closure of markets, yaars, restaurants and bars; closure of places of worship; curfew/lockdown; and ban on gathering of 50 people or more.

Access to food, education and health services

• About 1 in 4 households reports that at some point during covid-19, they were unable to access basic food. Unavailability of staple foods was driving mainly by maize, particularly in the southern part of Burkina Faso. A wide range of reasons prohibited access to food: market closure, price increase, limited stock, and lack of transport means. Transport issues are mainly in Ouagadougou; price issues are more severe for poor households.

• A high proportion (9 in 10) of students remain intellectually active during the Covid-19. They are leveraging mainly on ICT (53.4%).

• Only 1 in 4 students is in touch with his/her teacher. Despite a need for social distancing, most of those in touch with their teacher are maintaining physical contact, especially those in other urban/rural and the poor. Use of ICT as communication tool is more pronounced in Ouagadougou and for non-poor.

• Since March 16th, 2 in 5 households declared that they needed health service, mainly because of malaria/fever. The vast majority of those who needed health services were able to get treatment, a sign that there was no disruption in the provision of health services. It is important to note that the questionnaire is not very clear, so treatment could include “traditional treatment”, and/or “self-treatment”.

• A combination of supply and demand factors affect ability to access health services when needed; but affordability represents the biggest constraint, especially for the poor.

Key Findings (II)

Employment and Income

• Around 10% of respondents used to work before the Covid-19 outbreak but are not working now. Fear of Covid-19 is the second most important reason for stopping work.

• The economic slowdown due to the COVID-19 has translated in an economywide reduction of income; most employees, non-farm businesses and farm activities experienced a reduction of income.

• Wage earners who were not able to work as usual were directly affected by reduction of their income as they were not paid.

• The vast majority of non-farm businesses (72.5%) experienced a reduction of income since March 16th. Non-farm businesses operating in industry and services were most affected. Closure due to Covid-19 and lack of customer are the main reasons for the lower income of non-farm businesses.

• Since mid-March, most farmers (90.1%) are having difficulties in their activities mainly due to seasonality and Covid-19 related restrictions.

• Close to half of farmers reports a reduction of prices at which they sale their products. WFP reported in April that food items prices were generally stable despite increase in transport costs. Lower farm gate prices, higher transport costs and stable market prices, point to a possible transmission of increase transport costs to farmers. It means the way COVID affects prices along the value chain will mainly harms farmers (or net producers).

• About 1 in 5 households used to receive remittances from family/friends, and for most, the amount received has reduced since the Covid-19 outbreak.

The Survey

8

Methodology

9

Approach

A phone survey using a sub-sample of the valid household phone numbers (6,877 households out of 7,010 have valid phone numbers) gathered as part of the 2018/19 Harmonized Living Conditions Household Survey (EHCVM).

Sample size

To account for non-response and attrition, 2,500 households were selected out of which 2,062 were contacted; and survey was successfully completed for 1,968 households were fully interviewed during the first round of interviews (82.5% response rate).

Coverage National, Ouagadougou, other urban, and rural areas.

Survey period June 9th to July 1st, 2020 (First of 12 Survey Rounds)

The sample distribution of High Frequency Phone Survey (HFPS) is similar to that of the Harmonized Living Conditions Household Survey (EHCVM).

Sample households by locationSample households by household

head gender

10

16.0 16.2

15.3 15.5

68.7 68.3

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

EHCVM HFPS

Ouagadougou Other urban Rural

86.2 87.0

13.9 13.0

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

EHCVM HFPS

Male Female

Sample households by poverty status

31.5 30.0

68.5 70.0

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

EHCVM HFPS

Poor Non-poor

Implementation plan

Baseline (Round 1)

June 9th to July 1st, 2020

Follow-up (Round 2)

July-August 2020

Follow-up (Rounds 3,4,…,12)

Monthly until May 2020

11

Knowledge & Behavior

12

Majority of respondents have good knowledge of preventive measures & recommended social behaviors

97.7

97.6

96.3

95.0

94.0

92.1

91.5

86.9

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0

Handwashing /Use of sanitizer

Use of mask/gloves

No Handshake or physical greetings

Avoid crowded places or gatherings with many people

Maintain enough distance of at least 1 meter

Avoid travel

Staying at home and avoid going out unless necessary

Avoiding touching your face

“What steps can you take to reduce the risk of infection with coronavirus?”

….with little differences by location

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0


Use of mask/gloves




Avoid travel





….with little differences across welfare distribution

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0


Use of mask/gloves




Avoid travel



Non-poor Poor


…and they frequently apply these preventive measures & recommended social behaviors.

97.8 95.0 93.2

2.2 5.0 5.90.0 0.0 0.9

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Frequently washing hands No Handshake or physical greetings Avoid groups/gatherings of more than 10 people

Yes No Not applicable

“Since March 09, 2020, are you applying any of the following preventive measures or social behavior?”

…with very little difference across location and poverty status.

Some minor differences on handshaking and crowding between urban and rural areas (esp. Ouagadougou)

…Some minor differences on handshaking and crowding as well between poor and non-poor

98.5 97.6 97.7 92.5 97.0 95.2 88.3 93.4 94.3

1.5 2.5 2.3 7.5 3.0 4.9 9.9 5.4 5.10.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.8 1.2 0.6

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Ou

agad

ou

gou

Oth

er u

rban

Ru

ral

Ou

agad

ou

gou

Oth

er u

rban

Ru

ral

Ou

agad

ou

gou

Oth

er u

rban

Ru

ral

Frequently washinghands

No Handshake orphysical greetings

Avoidgroups/gatherings ofmore than 10 people


97.8 97.8 94.3 96.6 92.7 94.5

2.2 2.2 5.7 3.4 6.4 4.80.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.7

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Non-poor Poor Non-poor Poor Non-poor Poor

Frequently washinghands

No Handshake orphysical greetings

Avoidgroups/gatherings ofmore than 10 people


“Since March 09, 2020, are you applying any of the following preventive measures or social behavior?”

Respondents are not aware of all actions taken by authorities to curb the spread of the virus; only four actions are named by the majority

61.6

55.6

53.8

52.1

41.1

31.1

26.1

22.7

16.9

14.7

13.7

7.8

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0

Closure of markets, yaars, restaurants and bars

Closure of places of worship

Curfew/lockdown

Ban on gathering of 50 people or more

Closure of schools and universities

Restricted domestic travels

Advised citizens to stay at home

Closure of airports / transport companies

Quarantine of affected cities

Restricted international travels

Closure of non-essential businesses

Other

“What steps has the government/local authorities taken to curb the spread of the coronavirus in your area?”

…with some differences across location and poverty status

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0

Closure of markets, yaars,…


Curfew/lockdown

Ban on gathering of 50 people or…




Closure of airports / transport…




Other


0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0

Closure of markets, yaars,…


Curfew/lockdown

Ban on gathering of 50 people or…




Closure of airports / transport…




Other

Non-poor Poor

“What steps has the government/local authorities taken to curb the spread of the coronavirus in your area?”

Access to food & Social Services

20

About 1 in 4 households reports that at some point during covid-19, they were unable to access basic food

25.5

18.3

24.6

21.5

29.6

23.9

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

Ouagadougou Other urban Rural Non-poor Poor

Location Poverty status All

“Since march 16, 2020, was your household able to buy staple food ?” (share saying No)

Given the consumption habits, the staple foods considered for this study are:• For Ouagadougou: Imported rice/Maize in grain/Corn floor• For other urban areas: Maize in grain / Imported rice /Local rice• For rural areas: Maize in grain /Sorghum/Millet

Unavailability of staple foods was driving mainly by maize (in grain or flour), particularly in the southern part of Burkina Faso

33.143.0

31.4

52.4

31.120.7

14.3

11.9

5.3

6.6

8.2

6.0

52.645.1

63.3

41.1

60.7

73.3

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Maize flour Maize in grain Millet Imported rice Local rice Sorghum

Able Unable Not tried

“Since march 16, 2020, was your household able to buy staple food ?”

A wide range of reasons prohibited access to food: market closure, price increase, limited stock, and lack of transport means. Transport issues are mainly in Ouagadougou; price issues are more severe for poor households.

Reasons not being able to access basic food items varied across location and poverty status

35.441.4 37.4 41.4

32.637.5

25.9

31.0 37.520.5

55.535.9

8.5

27.6 24.2

32.5

10.7

22.930.1

0.0 0.0 5.2 0.0 2.9

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%



Local markets not operating / closed Increase in price Shops have run out of stock Limited / no transportation Restriction to go outside

A high proportion (9 in 10) of students remain intellectually active during the Covid-19. They are leveraging mainly on ICT (53%)

24.6

16.6

13.3

12.4

9.4

8.2

4.4

3.4

1.3

0.9

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.0

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0

Listening to classroom instruction over the radio

Watching classroom instruction via television

Tutoring by another member of the household

No activities

Educational television programs watched

Other completed print jobs

Tutoring by a private tutor

Completed printed assignments provided by the teacher

They continue to frequent the Daara.

Participated in virtual classes with teacher

Completed online assignments provided by the teacher

Watch lessons pre-recorded by teacher online

Mobile learning applications used

Other completed online assignments

What types of educational activities have these children who were in school been engaged in since the educational structures were closed?

Location and poverty status do matter in the way students engage in learning activities. This can be explained by the spatial pattern of electricity coverage and asset ownership (urban/non-poor people have higher chance to own a TV, while rural/poor people own radio).

Those in Ouagadougou are more likely to rely on tutoring by another family member; and those in other urban/rural areas are more likely to do nothing or to rely on radio. The use of TV is more pronounced in urban areas.

Non-poor students are more likely to rely on TV, tutoring by another family member, and private tutor.

What types of educational activities have these children who were in school been engaged in since the educational structures were closed?

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0

Listening to classroom instruction overthe radio

Watching classroom instruction viatelevision

Tutoring by another member of thehousehold

No activities

Educational television programswatched



Completed printed assignmentsprovided by the teacher


0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0

Listening to classroom instruction overthe radio

Watching classroom instruction viatelevision

Tutoring by another member of thehousehold

No activities

Educational television programs watched



Completed printed assignmentsprovided by the teacher

Non-poor Poor

Only 1 in 4 students is in touch with his/her teacher

Proportion of students that remain in touch with their teacher

Despite a need for social distancing, most of those in touch with their teacher are

maintaining physical contact

16.5

20.419.1

17.8

20.8

18.4

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

OuagadougouOther urban Rural Non-poor Poor


76.3

26.3

5.3

4.6

1.0

0.6

0.4

0.3

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0

Physical contact

Telephone (audio)

WhatsApp

SMS

Mail

Facebook

Online applications

Email

Those is other urban/rural and the poor are more likely to keep physical contact with their teacher. Use of ICT as communication tool is more pronounced in Ouagadougou and for non-poor.

Mean of communication with the teacher by location

Mean of communication with the teacher by poverty status

0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0

Physical contact

Telephone (audio)

WhatsApp

SMS

Mail

Facebook

Online applications

Email


0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0

Physical contact

Telephone (audio)

WhatsApp

SMS

Mail

Facebook

Online applications

Email

Non-poor Poor

Despite the COVID-19, most households (49.1%) declared that they were able to buy medicine; however 1 in 4 households were unable to do so.

59.154.0

45.650.4 46.0 49.1

31.9

21.426.7

25.828.8 26.7

9.1

24.6 27.7 23.8 25.2 24.2

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%



Able Unable Not tried

“Since March 16th, was your household able to buy drugs? ”

Since March 16th, 2 in 5 households declared that they needed health service, mainly because of malaria/fever

Proportion of households that needed health services

36.5

45.6

42.0 42.240.3

41.6

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0



Main reasons for seeking care

65.3

17.0

11.4

8.5

4.8

4.6

3.7

1.1

0.8

0.0

0.0

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0

Fever/Malaria

Other

Stomach problems

Sore throat, cough, cold, flu

Diarrhea

Blood pressure problem

Dental/skin/eye problem

Diabetes

Typhoid Fever

COVID19

Meningite

Reason for seeking care is quite similar across location and poverty status, but fever/malaria is slightly more predominant in rural areas

Reason for seeking care by locationReason for seeking care by poverty

status

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0

Fever/Malaria

Other

Stomach problems


Diarrhea



Diabetes

Typhoid Fever

COVID19

Meningite


0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0

Fever/Malaria

Other

Stomach problems


Diarrhea



Diabetes

Typhoid Fever

COVID19

Meningite

Non-poor Poor

The vast majority of those who needed health services were able to get treatment, a sign that there was no disruption in the provision of health services.

95.6 98.2 99.3 98.1 99.9 98.6

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0



Note: Questionnaire not very clear, so treatment could include “traditional treatment”, and/or “self-treatment”

A combination of supply and demand factors affect ability to access health services when needed; but affordability represents the biggest constraint, especially for the poor

34.5

75.6 73.0

54.8

100.0

56.2

18.7

20.4 27.0

22.5

0.0

21.9

46.7

4.1 0.0

22.7

0.0

22.0

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%



Lack of money No medical staff available Refused due to lack of space

Why were you or the household member unable to access medical treatment?

Coverage of health insurance remains very low, with only 1 in 20 (6.6 percent) of households that are registered

9.4

4.3 4.4

7.0

0.9

5.2

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0



Is your household registered with the CMU (universal health coverage) or with a mutual health insurance company?

Since March 16th, 2020, about 1 in 3 households needed a financial service; and the service was easily available to them

Proportion of households that needed to use a financial service

Proportion that was able to carry out the desired operation(s)

69.7

47.7

24.5

40.3

23.9

35.4

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0



97.4 98.6 97.1 97.4 98.0 97.5

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0



Employment & Income

35

Around 10 percent of respondents used to work before the Covid-19 outbreak but are not working now

65.9

78.083.9

79.1 82.3 80.1

13.5

12.99.5

10.511.1

10.720.6

9.1 6.6 10.4 6.6 9.2

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%



Currently working Stopped working (worked before March) Did not work before and after Covid-19 outbreak

Labor market situation before and after Covid-19 outbreak

Fear of Covid-19 is the second most important reason for stopping work

7.020.2

58.1

29.6

64.9

40.615.0

21.5

2.6

12.5

0.0

8.6

12.6

1.3

0.0

2.5

3.5

2.813.4 5.4

0.0

5.4

0.0

3.7

13.4 8.7 3.66.0

7.9

6.6

15.4 30.6 31.433.1

16.828.0

14.54.7 4.3 7.4 4.4 6.5

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%



Seasonal work Activity at standstill Staff reduction due to lack of activity

Temporarily absent Retirement Disease

In charge of sick relatives Prohibition of grouping Fear of covid19

Other

Reason for not working, for those who stopped working

3 in 5 workers are on their own account. However, in urban areas, an important proportion of workers are employees

51.857.8

63.7 62.6 58.0 61.2

1.3

8.6

31.2

18.934.8 23.837.7

29.0

2.3

14.2

4.211.1

8.52.7 0.9 2.6 1.4 2.2

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%



Own account In a family business On a farm Employee Apprentice/Intern

Status of occupation for those who are still working despite Covid-19

With 3 in 5 workers, agriculture is by far the most important sectorSector for those who are still working despite Covid-19

59.3

15.0

7.9

4.7

4.0

2.2

1.7

1.1

0.9

0.8

0.8

0.6

0.5

0.2

0.2

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0

Agriculture

Commerce

Personal Services

Construction

Other

Public Administration

Education

Transport

Health

Manufacturing Branch

Mining extraction

Technical and scientific activities

Electricity/Water/Gas/Waste

Tourism

Banks, insurance, real estate

Wage earners (or Employees) who were not able to work as usual were directly affected by reduction of their income as they were not paid

Proportion of those who were able to work as usual either from home or at their work place in the last 7 days

Although you couldn't work as usual, did you get paid?

7.5 5.912.9 11.0 12.3 11.4

9.23.1

0.0 2.2 0.1 1.4

83.391.0 87.1 86.9 87.6 87.2

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%



Full normal payment Partial payment No payment

66.8 67.8

50.5

59.6

47.6

56.0

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0



Wage earners in agriculture were less likely to work. This may have large implication for agriculture production in the near future. Payment issues, thus reduction of incomes, affected all sectors

Proportion of those who were able to work as usual either from home or at their work place in the last 7 days

Although you couldn't work as usual, did you get paid?

13.62.0

8.2 11.3

86.392.4 88.3 87.3

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Agriculture Industry Service All

Full normal payment Partial payment No payment

48.5

60.5

65.8

55.5

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0


Entrepreneurship is very high, with half of households owning a non-farm business

40.9

56.5

46.9 46.549.4

47.4

54.2

64.6

44.5

52.9

40.8

49.1

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0



HFPS ECVHM

Ownership of non-farm businesses by location and poverty status

Non-farm business: about 3 in 4 non-farm businesses are in services; the vast majority experienced a reduction of income since March 16th, especially those in industry and services

Distribution of non-farm businesses by sector

Evolution of non-farm businesses income since March 16th

5.4

19.4 15.5 14.5

52.9

76.475.6 72.5

37.0

4.05.2 9.5

4.8 0.2 3.7 3.5

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%


None Lower Identical Higher

Agriculture; 14.0

Industry; 9.2

Service; 76.9

Non-farm business: Differences across location and poverty status are minors.

Distribution of non-farm businesses by sector, location, and poverty status

Evolution of non-farm income since March 16th by sector, location, and poverty status

11.8 9.916.3 13.3 16.9 14.5

80.076.9 69.7 74.0 69.1 72.5

6.210.0 10.1 9.6 9.4 9.5

2.0 3.2 3.9 3.0 4.6 3.5

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%



None Lower Identical Higher

4.1 8.217.6 12.7 16.7 14.0

12.2 10.0

8.38.6

10.49.2

83.7 81.874.1 78.7 72.9 76.9

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%



Agriculture Industry Service

Closure due to Covid-19 and lack of customers are the main reasons for the lower income of non-farm businesses

Reason for having lower income by location and poverty status

Reason for having lower income by sector

57.9 61.844.5

52.544.0 50.0

30.0 19.8

30.127.3

29.928.1

2.3 6.410.6 7.5 10.8 8.5

6.0 4.7 8.3 6.7 8.5 7.3

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%



Closure of the establishment due to Covid-19 Closure of the establishment for another reason

Seasonal closure No customers

Lack of raw materials Cannot move/transport products

Need to care for a loved one Other

44.134.4

52.6 50.0

12.9

7.6

0.3 2.3

17.540.0

28.0 28.1

13.34.4 8.4 8.5

1.412.9 7.3 7.3

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Agriculture Industry Service Total

Closure of the establishment due to Covid-19 Closure of the establishment for another reason

Seasonal closure No customers

Lack of raw materials Cannot move/transport products

Need to care for a loved one Other

Farms: about 3 in 4 households are involved in agricultural activities; agriculture is mainly concentrated among poor and rural areas

15.5

41.6

91.3

63.3

89.8

71.3

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0



Farms: Since mid-March, most farmers are having difficulties in their activities mainly due to seasonality and Covid-19 related restrictions

Share having issues with farms activities since mid March

72.5

88.291.0 89.4 91.2 90.1

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0



Reasons for not being able to conduct farm activities as usual

41.0

29.0

19.0

11.0

8.4

1.3

0.5

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0

Seasonal activity

Advice to stay at Home

Restriction of travel / trip

Inability to acquire or move inputs

Unable to sell or transportproduction

Need to care for a loved one

Lack of availability of manpower

Farms: Reasons for not being able to conduct farm activities vary across location and poverty status

Reasons for not being able to conduct farm activities as usual by location

Reasons for not being able to conduct farm activities as usual by poverty status

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0

Seasonal activity








0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0

Seasonal activity







Non-poor Poor

Note: Only 12 observations for Ouagadougou

Close to half of the farmers reports a reduction of prices at which they sale their products

5.515.9 15.2 15.1 12.2 14.2

58.6

54.8

33.542.4

34.539.9

35.929.2

51.342.5

53.345.9

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%



Higher The same Lower

Compared to this time last year, the price you received for your product was...?

Note: WFP reported in April that food items prices were generally stable despite increase in transport costs. Lower farm gate prices, higher transport costs and stable market prices, point to a possible transmission of increase transport costs to farmers. It means the way COVID affects prices along the value chain will mainly harms farmers (or net producers).

About 1 in 5 households used to receive remittances from family/friends, and for most (49.5%), the amount received has reduced since the Covid-19 outbreakProportion of households that received remittances from family/friends since March 16th

Evolution of remittances from family/friends compared to the period before March 16, 2020

11.722.0

11.8 11.718.7 13.5

35.6

44.8

35.3 40.9 26.5 37.0

52.7

33.2

52.9 47.554.8 49.5

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%



Increased Remained the same Diminished

34.3

24.3

18.5

22.9

19.722.0

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0



Thank you

51

The Socio Economic Impacts of COVID-19 in Burkina Faso

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