Syllabusof V to VIII SemestersB.E.

Syllabus of V to VIII Semesters B.E.( With effect from 2002-2003)

BIOTECHNOLOGY

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Visvesvaraya Technological University, 8elgaum~!~l~d Ol;)25 ~ 0 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ C&>25('!) ol;), t.1911c>~

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Price: Rs. 20/-

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REGISTRARVisvesvaraya Technological UniversityBELGAUMWeb: www.vtu.ac.inE-Mail: [email protected]

Published by: RegistrarVisvesvaraya Technological UniversityBelgaum-590 014, Karnataka,

© Copyright 2003-2004

Teaching hours ExaminationS. Sub- Title Teaching !weekNo Code Dept.

Theory Pract. Duration LA. Theory! TotalMarks Pract. Marks

1 BT51 Biotransformation & Kinetics BT 04 --- 03 25 100 1252 BT52 Bioprocess & Bioreaction BTICHE 04 --- 03 25 100 125

Engg.3 BT53 Biosensors & BT/MlJ 04 --- 03 25 100 125

Bioinstrumentation ITIEE4 BT54 Immunology BT 04 --- 03 25 100 1255 BT55 Genetic Engg. & Applications BT 04 --- 03 25 100 1256 BT56 Bioinfonnatics BT 04 --- 03 25 100 1257 BTL57 Biokinetics Lab BTICHE -- 03 03 25 50 758 BTL58 Bioinfonnatics Lab BT -- 03 03 25 50 75

9* Demo Immulology Lab --- -- -- -- -- -- --Lab

24 06 - 200 700 900~

VISVESVARAYATECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, BELGAUMSCHEME OF TEACHING AND EXAMINATION

V SEMESTERB E BIOTECHNOLOGY

· .Teaching hours ExaminationS. Sub- Teaching /week

Code TitleDept. LA. Theory/ TotalNo

Theory Pract. Duration Marks Pract. Marks1 BT61 Bioprocess Control & BTiCHE 04 --- 03 25 100 125

Automation1252 BT62 Bioprocess Equipment Design BT/CHE 04 --- 03 25 100

& Drawing3 BT63 Enzyme Technology BT 04 --- 03 25 100 1254 BT64 Genornics & Proteornics BT 04 --- 03 25 100 1255 BT65 Health & Pharamaceutical BT 04 --- 03 25 100 125

Biotechnology6 BT66 *Elective A BTiCHE 04 --- 03 25 100 1257 BTL67 Bioprocess Control & BT/CHE --- 03 03 25 50 75

Instrumentation Lab8 BTL68 Enzyme Technology Lab BT --- 03 03 25 50 75

9* Demo Bioprocess & Automation Lab -- -- -- -- ---- -- --Lab

24 06 -- 200 700 900

SCHEME OF TEACHING AND EXAMINATIONVI SEMESTER

BE BIOTECHNOLOGY

Biomateirlas

Teaching hoursExaminationS. Sub-

Title Teaching /weekNo Code Dept. I.A. Theory/ TotalTheory Pract. Duration

Marks Pract. Marks1 CIP71 Constitution of India & Any Dept. 04 --- 03 25 100 125Professional Ethics2 BT72 Upstream Process Technology BT 04 --- 03 25 100 1253 BT73 Downstream Process BT/CHE 04 --- 03 25 100 125Technology4 BT74 Food & Agricultural BT 04 --- 03 25 100 125Biotechnology5 BT75 *Elective -B BT 04 --- 03 25 100 1256 BT76 *Elective -C BT/CSE 04 --- 03 25 100 1257 BTL77 Upstream Processing Lab BT --- 03 03 25 50 758 BTL78 Downstream Processing Lab BT/CHE --- 03 03 25 50 75

24 06 -- 200 700 900* Elective: Group B * Elective: Group CBT751 Animal & Plant BT BT761 Advanced Programming (Windows, Linux & Perl)BT752 Microbial BT BT762 Advanced IT (MIS & Internet)BT753 Environmental & Industrial BT BT763 CAD&MATLAB

SCHEME OF TEACHING AND EXAMINATIONVII SEMESTER

B.E BIOTECHNOLOGY

Teaching hours ExaminationS. Sub- Title Teaching /weekNo Code Dept.

TheoryPract.!

Duration LA. Theory/ TotalProject Mark s Pract. Marks

1 CR81 Industrial Management Any Dept. 04 --- 03 25 100 1252 BT82 Bioethics & Biosaftey BT 04 --- 03 25 100 1253 BT83 *Elective - D BT 04 --- 03 25 100 1254 BT84 *Elective - -E BTiCHE 04 --- 03 25 100 1255 BT85 Project Work BT -- 06 03 100 100 200

BT86 Seminar on Project Work BT --- ---- --- 50 -- 506 --- ---- ---- 250 500 750

* Elective: Group D * Elective: Group EBT831 Nanobiotechnology BT841 Lab to Industrial Scaling: BT Product DevelopmentBT832 Economics & Plan Design BT842 Metabolic EngineeringBT833 Protein Engineering & Insilico Drug BT843 Biopharmaceuticals

DesignI

SCHEME OF TEACHING AND EXAMINATIONVIII SEMESTER

B E BIOTECHNOLOGY

* Students shall register for one subject in each groupNOTE: For every 6·7 hours of teaching one question has to be set

V SEMESTER

BIOTRANSFORMA TION & KINETICS

Sub. CodeHrslWeekTotal Hrs.

BT510452

IA MarksExam Hrs.Exam Marks

2503

100

t 1. INTRODUCTION TO ENZYMESNom~nc/ature aqd classification of Enzymes; Cnemicsl.netuie. and propertiesof Enzymes, Factors affecting Enzyme activities, Active site, allosteric site,coenzymes and cofactors.T"?" I ~ z: • c 06 Hours

• 2. E ZYME SPECIFITYEnzyme sub~tra.!.e reactions, T~s of Enz e specificities. De~vations ofK.:, value (Michaelis-Menton constant), Lineweaver-Burk lot. Enzymkinetics, velocity, rate of reactio~order, free e~ of acfuation, zero order,andTifst orner. fie mention of pseudo first order and second orderreac~Mechanism of enzyme action, Jock and key modeJ, Induced fithypothesis, substrate strain theory (with lysozyme as a typical example).Mechanism of Enzyme catalysis - Acid-Base catalysis, covalent catalysis andentropy effect, Units of Enzyme activity and Enzyme inhibition,' Competitiveuncompetitive, Non-Competitive Inhibition, RegulatIOn of enzyme activrty -Allosteric re ulation, regulation, cascade sySteiTI (geneticregulation) 16 Hours

j 3. MULTI-SUBSTRATE REACTIONSPing-pong mechanism, Sequential mechanism (ordered and randornjxEnzyme modeJs - Host guest complexation chemistry. Enzyme design usingsteroid templates. Remote fictionalization reaction. Brief mention ofImmobilized enzymes and its application to Immobilized enzymeTechnology. 06 Hours

, 4. IMpORTANCE OF ENZYMES AND ISOZYMESImportance of enzymes in diagnostics, enzymes as therapeutic agents.Enzyme pattern in diseases like in Myocardial infarctions (SG5)T, SGPT, &LDH). Use of isozymes as markers in cancer and other diseases. r'

06 Hours

1

5. BIOCATALYSTSBasic reaction mechanisms involving co-enzymes (hydrolytic reactions,oxidation reaction, r~tion reaction, enantioelective oxidation,hydroxylation of steroidVdvantages of Biocatalysts, Isolated Enzy~sversus whole cell systems', Mechanistic aspects and Enzyme Sources,Biocatalytic Application. 10 Hours

6. ENZYMATICTRANSFORMATION ..Reaction engineering for enzyme-catalyzed biotransformatlons. Catal~~cantibodies. (,B1ocatalysts from extreme Thermophilic and HyperthermophihcArchaea aAh Bacteria] Peptide Synthesis, enzymes in organic media (futuredevelopments).~iotransformation of drugs] 08 Hours

Text Books:An Introduction to Biotransformation in Organic Chemistry by James R

, !tanson. W H Freeman.Principles of Biochemistry by Leninger A.L., II Edition, 1993.. .Contemporary Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanism by Daniel L. Punch, MelvinI. Simon, John N. Abelson, 2000.Biotransformations: K. Faber (1995), Springer- Verlag.

Reference Books:Enzyme Kinetics by Plowman, McGraw Hill, 1972. .Mechanisms in Protein Chemistry by Jack Kite, Garland Publishers, 1995.Bio-organic chemistry of Enzyme catalysis by M L Bender, R J Bergersonand M Komiyana, Wiley 1984. . ndBailey and Ollis, Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals, Mcgraw Hill (2

Ed.),1986.

QUESTIONPAPER PATTERN

Chapter 1 - INTRODUCTIONTOENZYMECATALYSISChapter 2 - ENZYMESPECIFITYChapter 3 - MULTI-SUBSTRATEREACTIONSChapter 4 -IMPORTANCEOFENZYMESANDISOZYMESChapter 5 - BIOCATALYSTSChapter 6 - ENZYMATICTRANSFORMATION

Note: EIGHT questions to be set, out of which FIVE full questions to beanswered.

One QuestionTwo QuestionsOne QuestionOne QuestionTwo QuestionsOne Question

2

BIOPROCESS & BIOREACTION ENGINEERING


BT520452

2503100


, 1. REACTIONKINETICS

Law of mass action, rate equation, elementary, non-elementary reactions andtheir mechanisms, theories of reaction rate and temperature dependency.Analysis of experimental reactor data; evaluation of rate equation, integraland differential analysis for constant variable volume system, fitting of datato complex reaction Mechanisms. 04 Hours

, 2. BIOREACTORSDesign for homogeneous system, batch, stirred tank and tabular flow reactor;design of reactor for multiple reactions, combination reactor systems, sizecomparison of reactors. Factors affecting choice, optimum yield andconversion, selectivity and reactivity, optimization of output and yieldproblems, consecutive parallel, and mixed reactions and recycle. Mention ofisothermal and non-isothermal homogeneous reactor systems. Adiabaticreactors, batch and continuous reactors, optimum temperature progression.

/

L Non-ideal reactors, residence time, distribution studies, pulse and step inputresponse of reactors, RTD's for CSTR and PFR, calculations of conversionsfor I and II order reactions, tanks in series and dispersion models. )Bioprocess and bioreactor design considerations for plant and animal cellcultures. 12 Hours

• 3. REACTIONEQUILffiRIAEquilibrium in chemically reactive systems, evaluation of reactionequilibrium constant, effect of temperature on equilibrium, application tosystem involving gaseous· components, computation of equilibriumcomposition. 04 Hours

~ 4. KINETICSOF MICROBIALGROWTHANDPRODUCTFORMATIONPhases of cell growth in batch cultures; Simple unstructured kinetic modelsfor microbial growth; Monod model; Growth of Filamentous Organisms.Growth associated ,(primary) and non-growth associated (secondary) productformation kinetics; Leudeking-Piret"'"i£odels, substrate and product inhibitionon cell growth and product formation; Introd~ction to Structured Models forgrowth and product formation. 07 Hours

3

5. METABOLICSTOICHIOMETRYANDENERGETICSStoichiometry of cell Growth and Product Formation- elemental balances,degrees of reduction of substrate and biomass; available-electron balances;yield coefficients of biomass and product formation; maintenancecoefficients. Energetic analysis of microbial growth and product formation -oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures; thermodynamicefficiency of growth.

06 Hours6. FERMENTATIONPROCESSESDefinition of Fermentation, history of Industrial fermentation, the basics ofIndustrial fermentation, fermentation products, Precursor fermentation -Microbial transformation and its future.

General requirements of fermentation processes; Basic design andconstruction of fermentor and ancillaries; Main parameters to be monitoredand controlled in fermentation processes; An overview of aerobic andanaerobic fermentation processes and their application in the biotechnologyindustry; Solid-Substrate Fermentation and its applications.

06 Hours7. MEDIA DESIGNANDSTERILIZATIONMedium requirements for fermentation processes- Carbon, nitrogen,minerals, vitamins and other complex nutrients; oxygen requirements;Medium formulation for optimal growth and product formation- examples ofsimple and complex media; Design and usage of various commercial mediafor industrial fermentations. Thermal death kinetics of microorganisms;Batch and continuous heat - Sterilization of Liquid media; Filter sterilizationof liquid media, Design of Sterilization Equipments.

07 Hours

• 8. TRANSPORTPHENOMENAIN BIOCHEMICALREACTORSMass Transfer in heterogeneous biochemical reaction systems. Oxygentransfer in submerged fermentation processes; oxygen uptak rates anddetermination of oxygen transfer coefficients (kla); role of aera io~andagitation in oxygen transfer. Mass transfer in immobilized biocatalyticsystems. Analysis of film and pore diffusion resistances and their effect onoverall reaction kinetics. Heat transfer processes in biological systems;microbial calorimetry.

06 Hours

TextBooks:Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals by Bailey and Ollis, McGraw Hill(21xi Ed.). 1986.Bioprocess Engineering by Shule and Kargi Prentice Hall, 1992.

Bioprocess Engine~ring Princ~ples by ~auli~e M. Doran, 1995.Elements of Cherrucal Reaction Engmeenng by Fogler, H.S., Prentice Hall,1986.Chemical Reaction Engineering by Leven piel 0., John Wiley, 2nd Edition,London, 1972.

Reference Books:Wolf R. Vieth, Bioprocess Engineering - Kinetics, Mass Transport, Reactorsand Gene Expression. A Wiley - Interscience Publication, 1992.Chemical Kinetic Methods: Principles of relaxation techniques by Kalidas C.New Age International.Chemical Engineering Kinetics by Smith J.M., McGraw Hill, 3rd Edition,New Delhi, 1981.Chemical and Catalytic Reactor Engineering by Carbery J A., McGraw Hill,1976.Chemical Reactor Analysis and Design by Forment G F and Bischoff K B.,John Wiley, 1979.Bioprocess Engineering by S N MukhopadhyayBioprocess Engineering by Aib, Humprey & Millis, Academic PressFermentation Technology by Stanbury & Vitaker.Hand book of Biochemical Engineering, Springer Verlag Publications (8volumes)


Chapter 1- REACTIONKINETICSChapter 2 - BIOREACTORSChapter 3 - REACTIONEQUILIBRIA&Chapter 4 - KINETICSOFMICROBIALGROWTHANDPRODUCT

FORMATIONChapter 5 - METABOLICSTOICHlOMETRYANDENERGETICSChapter 6 - FERMENTATIONPROCESSESChapter 7 - MEDIADESIGNANDSTERILIZATIONChapter 8 - TRANSPORTPHENOMENAINBIOCHEMICALREACTORS

=One QuestionTwo Questions

- One Question

_ One QuestionOne Question

_ One QuestionOne Question


4 5

BIOINSTRUMENTATION & BIOSENSORS


2503100

BT530452

IA MarksExamHrs.Exam Marks

1. INTRODUCTIONElectrical quantities and units; functional elements of an instrumentationsystem; static and dynamic characteristics; principles of analog and digitalmeters; CRO, energy meters, time and frequency meters; multimeters.

Transducers: Classification, resistive strain gages, RTD, LVDT, Peizoelectrictransducers, electromagnetic transducers, optical transducers, transducers forbiomedical applications. 06 Hours

2. ANALYTICALINSTRUMENTSpH meters, Radiometric Devices, Fluorescence Spectrophotometers,Chromatology (chromatographic . techniques GC & HPLC),Electrophoresis, and Lab on a chip - related instrumentation, Validation,Commissioning and Maintenance of all the above equipments. 06 Hours

, 3. ASSAYTECHNOLOGIESANDDETECTIONMETHODSIntroduction; Bioassay Design and Implementation; Radiometric Assays;Scintillation Proximity Assays; Fluorescence methodology to cover all typesof fluorescence measurements and instrumentation; Reporter gene Assayapplications; Bio-analytical Applications. 06 Hours

• 4. AUTOMATIONANDROBOTICSIntroduction; Management & Service Issues of a Centralized Robotic HTS(high throughput Screening) Core; Flexible Use of people and Machines;Bar-code technology and a Centralized Database; Factors for the successfulIntegration of Assays, Equipment, Robotics, and Software; Perspectives onScheduling. 06 Hours

5. DATARETRIEVAL,HANDUNGANDINTEGRATIONDatabase Systems, Systems Integration; Data management and Tracking.

02 Hours

6. CARDIACANDVASCULARSYSTEMOverview of cardiovascular system, Types of blood pressure sensors,Lumped parameter modeling of a catheter-sensor system, Heart soun.ds,Cardiac catheterization, Indirect measurement of blood pressure, Measuringblood flow rate, Measuring blood volume, Pacemakers, Defibrillators,Cardiac-assist devices, Replacement heart valves - related instrumentation ofequipments involved and sensors.

08 Hours

6

7 RESPIRATORYSYSTEM '\... \ .. odeling the respiratory system, Measlll'K\g gas flow rate, Measuring lung

volume, Tests of respirato~echanics, Measuring ~concentration, Testsof g~ansport, Ventilators, Anesthesia machines - related instrumentationof equipments involved and1tr:sors. ~'(l

06 Hours

• 8. BIOSENSORSIntroduction to Biosensors: Concepts and applications. Biosensors forpersonal diabetes management. Microfabricated Sensors and the CommercialDevelopment of Biosensors. Electrochemical sensors, Chemical fibrosensors,Ion-selective FETs, Noninvasive blood-gas monitoring, Blood-glucosesensors. Noninvasive Biosensors in Clinical Analysis. Applications ofBiosensor-based instruments to the bioprocess industry. Application ofBiosensors to environmental samples. Introduction to Biochips and theirapplication to genomics. BIAcore - an optical Biosensor.

12 Hours

Text Books:Instrument Methods of analysis by Willard H W, Merritt L L, Dean J A andSettle F A. VI edition, East-West publishers, 1992.Advances in Laboratory Automation-Robotics, Eds. J.R. Strimaitis and J.N.Little, Zymark Corporation, Hopkinton, MA 1991.Biosensors and their applications by Yang Victor C & Ngo That T.Biosensors - An introduction by Eggins Brain R.

Reference Books:Automation technologies for genome characterization. Edited by Tony JBeugelsdijk, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Transducers and Instrumentation by Murthy D V S. Prentice Hall, 1995High Throughput Screening, Edited by John. P. Devlin. Published by MarcelDekker, Inc. (1998)Commercial Biosensors by Graham Ramsay, John Wiley & Son, INe.(1998)Introduction to bioanalytical sensors by Alice J Cunningham Newyrok, JohnWiley, 1988.Applied biosensors by Doland L Wise (1989).

QUEsTION PAPER PATTERNChapter 1 - INTRODUCTIONChapter 2 - ANALYTICALINSTRUMENTSChapter 3 - Ass AYTECHNOLOGIESANDDETECTION

One QuestionOne QuestionOne Question

7

METHODSChapter 4 - AUTOMATIONANDROBOTICS&Chapter 5 - DATARETRIEVAL,HANDUNGAND One QuestionINTEGRATIONChapter 6 - CARDIACANDVASCULARSYSTEM&Chapter 7 - REsPIRATORYSYSTEM Two QuestionsChapter 8 - Broszxsons Two Questions


IMMUNOLOGY


BT540452


2503

1001.THE IMMUNESYSTEM

Introduction - innate and adaptive immunity, types of immune responses;cells and organs of immune sytem; Lymphocytes, their origin anddifferentiation; antigens, their structure, complement and their biologicalfunctions; anatomy of immune response.

04 Hours

2. HUMORAL-IMMUNITY

B-lymphocytes and their activation; structure and function ofimmunoglobulins; immunoglobulins classes and subclasses, genetic controlof antibody production, monoclonal antibodies and their applications;idiotypes and anti-idiotypic antibodies, major histocompatibility complex(MHC); antigen-antibody interaction, immunodiagnosis; Blood Typing A, B,AB, 0 & Rh. 08 Hours

3. CELL-MEDIATEDIMMUNITY

Thymus derived lymphocytes (f cells), their ontogeny and types;classification, antigen presenting cells (APC), macrophages, dendritic cells,langerhans cells, their origin and functions; mechanisms of T cell activation;mechanism of phagocytosis; immunosuppression, immune tolerance.

08 Hours

8

•• nAUNITY TO INFECTION4. 11n>"

H rsensitivity & Allergic reactions; cytokines an~ their role in immuneype se: macrophage activation and granuloma formation. 04 Hoursrespon ,

5. TRANSPLANTATION . . . .Graft rejection, evidence and mechanisms of graft rejection, prevention ofgraft rejection, Brief menti?n about stem cells and applications toimmunology. Immunosuppressive drugs, HLA and disease, mechanisms ofimmunity to tumor antigens. 06 Hours

6. IMMUNOLOGICALDISORDERS

Auto antibodies in humans, pathogenic mechanisms, experimental models ofauto- immune di eases, autoimmune disorders, treatment AIDS.

~"'~' 04 Hours

7. MOLECULARIMMUNOLOGYApplication of rDNA technology towards production of antibodies, Vaccines- conventional and recombinant, uses. Production of catalytic antibodies,application of PCR technology towards immunotherapy with geneticallyengineered antibodies. 06 Hours

8. ANTmODIES ANDIMMUNODIAGNOSIS

;. Polyclonal antibodies - their production, characterization and application;western blot analysis, Immunocytochemistry, immunoflourescence, ~ \~?imm-;;noenzymatic and ferritin techniques, C"lIrin1illl~electron rnicroscopy.iw, \ ~ I

immuno-electrophoresis, purification and syntheSIS of ~~tigeqs, ELI.l:tA ~~. \principles and applications, ~dio immuno ~say RIA). - principles andapplications, non isotopic metllods of detection of antigens - enhancedchemilurni~cence assay. 12 Hours

<;TextBooks:Essential Immunology by Roitt I. Blackwell Scientific Publications,Oxford,1991.Immunology by J Kuby, WH Freeman.ImmunOlogy by BenaceraImmunology by CarpenterImmunology by W E PaulImmunology by C Fathima

9

(Reference Books:Benjamini E. and Leskowitz S. Immunology A short course, Wiley Liss, NY,1991.Molecular cloning Volumes I, IT and Ill. Sambrook Jet al (1989, 2(00). ColdSpring Harbor laboratory Press. New York, USA.


Chapter 1- THE IMMuNESYSTEMChapter 2 - HUMORAL-IMMUNITYChapter 3 - CELL-MEDIATEDIMMUNITYChapter 4 - IMMuNITYTO INFECfION&Chapter 5 - TRANSPLANTATIONChapter 6 - IMMuNOLOGICALDISORDERChapter 7 - MOLECULARIMMuNOLOGYChapter 8 - Antibodies andIrnmunodiagnosis


pne QuestionOne QuestionOne QuestionTwo Questions


GENETIC ENGINEERING & APPLICATIONS

Sub. CodeHrs/WeekTotal Hrs.

BT550452


25 '"03100

1. BASICSOF RECOMBINANTDNATECHNOLOGY

Role of genes within cells, genetic code, genetic elements that control geneexpression, method of creating recombinant DNA molecules; vectors inrecombinant DNA technology, types, their biology and salient features -plasmids, cosmids, phages and viruses. 06 Hours

2. ENZYMESIN GENETIC ENGINEERINGTypes and Classification, Nucleases, Ligases, Polymerases, Topoisomerases,Modifying enzymes, RNase, RNase inhibitors, Polynucleotidephosphorylase, DNase, RNA modification, Role of kinases, phosphatases,Eucaryotic DNA & RNA Kinases in genetic engineering techniques.

08 Hours

10

3. CONSTRUCTION OF DNALmRARIESIsolation and purification of nucleic acids,Construction of genomic and cDNA libraries.

Isolation of plasmids,

04 Hours

4. NUCLEIC ACIDHYBRIDIZATIONANDAMPLIFICATIONMethods of nucleic acid detection; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and itsapplications; methods of nucleic acid hybridization; methods of nucleic acidmutagenesis in vivo and vitro. 08 Hours

5. ApPLICATIONSOF RECOMBINANTDNATECHNOLOGYGene transfer techniques, Agrobacterium (Ti and Ri plasmids) , Ti -plasmids structure and function of T- DNA in the expression of genes,advantages of Ti plasmids in crop improvements, electroporation,microprojectile system, liposome mediated transfer and other techniques,

.structure, Transgenic animals and plants. Expression of novel proteins inBacteria and Yeast. 12 Hours

6. GENE THERAPYGene therapy - in somatic and germ line, gene therapy in immunodeficiencydiseases and cancer; Use of genetically modified and humanized antibodiesagainst cell surface antigens to prevent the spread of breast cancers, targetingand destroying artificial clotting (thrombosis) by using Plasminogen,activating factor conjugated to humanized antibody against fibrin. CuringSevere-Combined-Immuno-Deficiency (SCID) in human beings by usingAdenosine dearninase (ADA) gene. Prevention of tissue and organ graftrejection. 14 Hours

TextBooks:1. Introduction to Genetic Engineering by Nicholl. Cambridge Low Price

Edition.2. Principles of gene manipulation - An introduction to genetic engineering,

Old R.W., Primrose S.B., Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1993.3. From Genetics to Gene Therapy - the molecular pathology of human

disease by David S Latchrnan, BIOS scientific publishers, 1994.4. Genes Vill by Benjamin Lewis. Oxford University & Cell Press

Reference Books:l. Bacterial Plasmids by P. Broda.2. Genetic Engineering Vol. 1-4 (Williamson Edition)3. Recombinant DNA by Watson et al., 1983.4. Vectors by Rodriguer and Denhardt, 1987.

11


S uence Analysis using software resources: Introduction, The Wiscosinc) keqge Databases that Accompany the Wiscosin Package, The Seq Labpac a , . d W· . kEnvironment, Analyzing sequences wit~ o~ratIons an iscosm pac age

rogrammes, Viewing Output, Monitoring Programme Progress. and~roubleshooting problems, Annotating sequenc~s and Grap~callyDisplaying Annotations in the SeqLab Editor, Saving Sequen~es 10 theSeqLab Editor, Example of Analysis that can be undertaken 10 S~La?,Extending SeqLab by including programmes that are not part of the Wl~co~mpackage. Information Retrieval from Biological Dat~base, ~etnevmgDatabase Entries: The Retrieve Server, Integrated Information Retneval, TheEntrez System, Integrated Information Axis: The Query Server, SequenceDatabase beyond NCB!, Medical Databases.

5. Ansubel F.M., Brent R., Kingston R.E., Moore D.D. et al. Currentprotocols in molecular biology, Greena Publishing Associates, NY, 1988.

6. Berger S.L. Kimmel A.R. Methods in enzymology, Vo1.152, AcademicPress, 1987.

7. Molecular cloning Volumes I, II and III. Sambrook J et al (1989, 2(00).Cold Spring Harbor laboratory Press, New York, USA.


Chapter 1- BASICSOFRECOMBINANTDNATECHNOLOGYChapter 2 - ENZY"MESINGENETICENGINEERINGChapter 3 - NUCLEICACIDHYBRIDIZATIONANDAMPLIFICATIONChapter 4 - CONSTRUCTIONOFDNA LIBRARIESChapter 5 - APPLICATIONSOFRECOMBINANTDNATECHNOLOGYChapter 6 - GENETHERAPY

One QuestionTwo Questions

09 Hours

Two Questions

3. SEQUENCEALIGNMENTANDDATABASESEARCHESIntroduction, The evolutionary basis of sequence alignment, the ModularNature of proteins, Optional Alignment Methods, Substitution scores andGap penalties, Statistical significance of Alignments, Database similaritysearching, FASTA, BLAST, Low-Complexity Regions, Repetitive Elements.Practical Aspect of Multiple, Sequence Alignment - Progressive AlignmentMethods, Motifs and Patterns, Presentation Methods. Hidden Markov Models(HMMs), and Threading methods.


BIOINFORMA TICS


BT560452


2503

100

08 Hours

1. INFORMATIONTHEORYANDBIOLOGYEntropy and information - Shannon's formula - divergence's fromequiprobability and independence - elementary ideas about Mark off Chainsand Ergodic process - n redundancy concepts - applications to DNA andprotein sequences.

4. PHYLOGENETICANALYSISElements of phylogenetic Models, Phylogenetic Data Analysis: Alignment,Substitution Model Building, Tree Building, and Tree Evaluation, Buildingthe Data Model (Alignment), Determining the Substitution Model, Tree -Building Methods, Searching for Trees, Rooting Trees, Evaluating Trees andData, Phylogenetic software (PHYLIP) , Phylogenetics on the web, somesimple practical considerations.

05 Hours 05 Hours

2. DATABASESa) Sequence databases: The nucleotide and protein sequence Databases:Introduction, Primary and Secondary Databases, Format Vs. Content, TheDatabase, The Gene bank flat file - A dissection. 03 Hours

5. PREDICTIVEMETIIODSPredictive Methods using Nucleotide sequences: Framework, Maskingrepetitive DNA, Database searches, Codon Bias Detection, DetectingFunctional Sites in the DNA, Integrated Gene Parsing, finding RNA Geners,Future Prospectus. Predictive Methods using Protein sequences: ProteinIdentity based on composition, Physical properties Based on sequence,secondary structure and folding classes, specialized structures or features,tertiary structure. Related software.

,b) Structure databases: Introduction to Structures, PDB: Protein Data Bank,Molecular Modeling Database at NCBI, Structure file formats, visualizingstructural information, Database structure viewers. 03 Hours

12

06 Hours

13

6. Statistical methods in Bioinformatics - An introduction by "farren J Ewens& Gregory R Grant, Springer, 2004. .

QUESTIONPAPER PATTERNChapter 1 - INFORMATIONTHEORYANDBIOLOGYChapter 2 - DATABASESChapter 3 - SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT AND DATABASE SEARCHES

Chapter 4 - PHYLOGENETICANALYSISChapter 5 - PREDICTIVEMETHODSChapter 6 - PLASMIDMAPPINGANDPRIMERDESIGNChapter 7 - GENOMEBIOINFORMATICS&Chapter 8 -INFORMATICSANDAUTOMATIONINGENOMEMAPPING


6. PLASMIDMAPPINGANDPRIMER DESIGNRestriction mapping, DNA strider, MacVector and OMIGA, geneconstruction KIT, Vector NTI, Primer design for PCR Sequencing, Primerdesign programs and software.

04 Hours

7. GENOME BIOINFORMATICSGenome Sequencing, Raw genome sequence data, Expressed sequence tags,Polymorphisrns, DNA chips, comparative genomics, genome annotationproblem, genomics and research: Pharmaceutical and agricultural. Types ofphysical Maps, Genome - Wide Maps from Large community Databases,Genome - Wide Maps from Individual sources, Chromosome - specifichuman maps.

05 Hours8. INFORMATICSANDAUTOMATIONINGENOMEMAPPINGFinding genes sequence and codes, fundamentals of bio molecularcryptology, prediction of protein secondary and tertiary structure, predictionof antigenic sites and metabolic pathways. Related software.

BIOKINETICS LABORATORY


BTL570442

04 Hours

TextBooks:1. BIOINFORMA TICS by Andreas D Boxevanis. Wiley Interscience, 1998.2. BIOINFORMATICS: sequence and genome analysis by David W Mount,

cold spring harbor, 2001.3. Biocomputing Informatics and the. Genome Projects by Smith D.W.,

Academic Press, 1993. ••..4. BIOINFORMATICS: A biologists guide to biocomputing and the internet.

Stuart M Brown, NYU Medical Center, NY USA. 2000.

One QuestionTwo QuestionsOne QuestionOne QuestionOne QuestionOne Question

One Question


250350

1. Analysis of Batch Reactor (Determination of k & n of a biochemicalreaction - M M Kinetics)

2. Batch Growth kinetics (Evaluation of doubling time and decay time)3. Determination of gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient.4. Mixed flow reactor analysis (Residence time, wash out time, dilution

ratio)5. Fermentor Performance (Evaluation of Production)6. Residence time distribution (RID in mixed flow reactor, dispersion

number)7. Enzyme immobilization kinetics8. Plug flow reactor analysis9. Temperature effect on denaturation of enzymes10. Industrial process control measurements (pH control, Temperature

control) .

Reference Books:1. Molecular Evolution - Computer Analysis of protein and nucleic acid

sequences, Methods in Enzymology, Vo1.183, Academic Press, 1990.2. Biological Sequence Analysis by Durbin, Eddy, Krogh, and Mitchison.

Allied Publishers Ltd.3. Computational methods for macromolecular sequence analysis: R F

Doolittle. Academic Press, 1996.4. Computational methods in Molecular Biology. S.L.Salzberg, D B Searls, S

Kasif eds, Elsevier, 1998.5. Bioinformatics: The machine learning approach by Baldi & Brunak II Edn.

(2003)

TextJReference Books:1. Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals by Bailey and Ollis, Mcgraw Hill

(2nd Ed.). 1986.2. Bioprocess Engineering by Shule and Kargi Prentice Hall, 1992.

14l5

3. Wolf R. Vieth, Bioprocess Engineering - Kinetics, Mass Transport,Reactors and Gene Expression. A Wiley - Interscience Publication,1992.

4. Smith J.M. Chemical Engineering Kinetics, McGraw Hill, 3rdEdition, NewDelhi, 1981.

5. Carbery J A. Chemical and Catalytic Reactor Engineering, McGraw Hill,1976.

BIOINFORMA TICS LABORATORY


BTL580442


1. Searching bibliographic databases for relevant information2. Sequence retrieval from nucleic acid and protein databases3. Restriction mapping.4. Sequence (FASTA and BLAST) searches.5. Pair wise comparison of sequences.6. Multiple alignments of sequences.7. Evolutionary studies / Phylogenetic analysis.8. Identification of genes in Genomes.9. Primer Design.10. Protein databank retrieval and visualization.11. Superposition of structures.12. Secondary structure prediction of proteins.13. Pattern searching in proteins (PROSITE).15. Pattern searching in nucleic acids.16. Validation of 3D structures.

TextBooks:1. BIOINFORMATICS by Andreas D Boxevanis. Wiley Interscience, 1998.2. BIOINFORMATICS: sequence and genome analysis by David W Mount,

cold spring harbor, 2001.3. Biocomputing Informatics and the Genome Projects by Smith D.W.,

Academic Press, 1993.4. BIOINFORMATICS: A biologists guide to biocomputing and the internet.

Stuart M Brown, NYU Medical Center, NY USA. 2000.

Reference Books:1.Molecular Evolution - Computer Analysis of pr-otein and nucleic acid

sequences, Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 183, Academic Press, 1990.2. Biological Sequence Analysis by Durbin, Eddy, Krogh, and Mitchison.

Allied Publishers Ltd.

16

3. computational methods for macromolecular sequence analysis: R FDoolittle. Academic Press, 1996.

4. Computational methods in Molecular Biology. S.L.Salzberg, D B Searls, SKasif eds, Elsevier, 1998.

5. Bioinformatics : The machine learning approach by Baldi & Brunak IIEdn. (2003)

6. Statistical methods in Bioinformatics - An introduction by Warren J Ewens& Gregory R Grant, Springer, 2004.

250350

IMMUNOLOGY DEMO LAB

1. Immobilization of enzymes and use of adjuants2. Separation and preservation of serum and plasma3. Purification of IgG using Sephadex G-200 column4. Ouchterlony's Double Immunodiffusion method5. Widal test for typhoid fever6. Study of blood groups ( A, B, 0 and Rh typing) and pregnancy test7. Care and handling of experimental animals

Reference Books:1. A handbook of practical Immunology - Ed. G P Tal war2. Medical Laboratory Science Theory and Practice by J Ochei and A.

Kolhatlkar

----------*----------

VI SEMESTER

BIOPROCESS CONTROL & AUTOMATION


BT610452

IAMarksExamHrs.Exam Marks

2503

100 '

/. INTRODUCTIONInstrumentation, Introduction to flow, pressure, temperature and levelmeasurements, methods of on-line and off-line measurements of cells,substrates and products, microbial caloriemetry, parameter estimationtechniques for biochemical processes.

08 Hours

17

2. SYSTEMSANDPROCESSDYNAMICSProcess characteristics, I order system - examples, mercury in glasstherornometejg-level, lineraisation, composition, I order system in series,interacting :fuct non~nteracting systemsz- Second order system with underdamping, derivation of transfer functi6n for various systems, dead timeresponse of I and IT order overdamped and underdamped systems, to step,ramp, impulse (pulses) and sinusoidal changes.;

12 Hours3. CONTROLLERS

1Controllers and final control elements, controllers - discontinuous andcontinuous, two position floating, single and multiple feed, proportionalspeed floating (integral), Proportional + Reset (P+I); Proportional + Rate(P+D); Proportional + Reset + Rate controller (PID);

08 Hours4. CONTROL VALVESActuators, positioners, valve body, value plugs, characteristics, final controlelements. Block diagram of reduction block diagram for servo and regulatorproblems. Transient response of I and ITorder processes for set point changesand load changes with proportional, PI, PD, and PID controllers/

08 Hours5. RESPONSEOF CLOSEDLOOPSYSTEMSIntroduction to frequency response, concepts of stability, Routh test forstability, stability criteria, root locus method, Bode plots and stabilitycrterion, tuning of controllers.

04 Hours6. BIOPROCESSDYNAMICS& MONITORING OF BIOPROCESSESDynamics and control of bioreactors & sterilizers. On-line data analysis formeasurement of important physico-chemical and biochemical parameters,methods of on-line and off-line biomass estimation, flow injection analysisfor measurement of substrates, products and other metabolites, state andparameter estimation techniques for biochemical processes.

08 HoursTextBooks:1. Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals by Bailey and Ollis, Mcgraw Hill

(2ndEd.). 1986.2.Bioprocess Engineering by Shule and Kargi Prentice Hall, 1992.

2. Bioprocess Engineering Principles by Pauline M. Doran, 1995.3. Chemical Process Control by Coughner.

Reference Books:1. Biotechnology and Bioprocess engineering: Proceedings - Edited by Tarun

K Ghosh. VII international Biotechnology Symposium. Delhi, 1984.2. Wankat P.e. Rate controlled separations, Elsevier, 1990.

18


Chapter 1 - INTRODUCTIONChapter 2 - SYSTEMSANDPROCESSDYNAMICSChapter 3 - CONTROLLERSChapter 4 - CONTROLVALVESChapter 5 - RESPONSEOFCLOSEDLOOPSYSTEMSChapter 6 - BrOPROCESSDYNAMICS& MONITORINGOFBIOPROCESSES


One QuestionTwo QuestionsOne QuestionOne Question

.One QuestionTwo Questions

BIOPROCESS EQUIPMENT DESIGN & DRA WING


BT620452


2503

100

1. NOTATION& TERMINOLOGIESJoints, welded joints, pipe joints, pipe and pipefittings, vessel openings (manholes, nozzles, drains), agitators, valves, ball, NonRetum safety.

2. PROCESSEQUIPMENTSDETAILEDPROC~S, MECHANICALDESIGNOFTHEFOLLOWINGEQUIPMENTS:

a) Agitated and jacketed vesselsb) Fermentor Vesselsc) Shell & Tube Exchangersd) Distillation Colournn (packed bed type)

Text Books:1.Process Equipment Design by M V Joshi2. Un fired pressure vessel by I S Code3. Chemical Engineers Handbook by Perry & Green .4. Process ~uip~nt &Mechanical Aspects by V C Bhattacharya5. Mecharucal Equipment Design by Brownell & Young

Reference Books:1.Fermentation & Biochemical Engineering Hand Book

(1983), Principles, Process Design and Equipment. HC Vogel NoyesCoulson & Richradson, Vol. 6 ' .

19

2. Equipment Design by S Mahajan3. Equipment Design by Atkins

QUESTIONPAPERPATTERNTwo main Questions to be set, out of which ONE full question to beanswered.

ENZYME TECHNOLOGY


BT630452

2S03

100


1. INTRODUCTIONIntroduction to enzymes, mechanism of enzyme action, strategies ofpurification of enzymes, criteria of purity, molecular weightdetermination and characterization of enzymes.

04 Hours

2. GENERALUSESOFBIOCATALYSTSAdvantages of enzymes vs chemical catalysts, enzymes in fermentation,applications of biocatalysts in industry, medicine and research analysis,Enzyme business in India and abroad.

04 Hours

3. ENZYMESOF BIOLOGICALIMPORTANCEAcetylcholinesterase, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE),pseudocholinesterase, S'- nucleotidase (SNT), glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase (GPD) and other red cell enzymes; CK isoforms,immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) and chymotrypsin; amylase isoenzymes,microamylases, isoenzymes (CK, LD, ALP). 08 Hours

4. ENZYMATICTECHNIQUESEnzyme and isoenzyme measurement methods with two examples (fixedincubation and kinetic methods); standardization and optimization ofmethods; Factors affecting stability of enzymes.

04 Hours

20

S. IMMOBILIZATIONOF ENZYMESANDBIOCONVERSIONPROCESSESKinetics and Thermodynamics of enzyme - catalyzed reactions; techniques ofenzyme immobilization; design and configuration of immobilized enzymereactions. Economic argument for immobilization, kinetics of immobilizedenzymes, effect of solute partition & diffusion on the kinetics of immobilizedenzymes, use of immobilized enzymes, immobilized enzymes inbioconversion processes, bioreactors using immobilized enzyme.

12 Hours7. INDUSTRIALUSESOF ENZYMESEnzymes used in detergents, use of proteases in food, leather and woolindustries; methods involved in production of glucose syrup from starch(using starch hydrolyzing enzymes), production of maltose and sucrose,glucose from cellulose, uses of lactase in dairy industry, glucose oxidase andcatalase in food industry; Medical applications of enzymes.

14 Hours8. ENZYMEENGINEERING!h~ design and cons~ruction of novel enzymes, artificial enzymes. EnzymesIn Immunoassay techruques. DNA ligases and restriction enzymes.

06 HoursTextBooks:1.Enzymes in Industry: Production and Applications: W. Gerhartz (1990),

VCH Publishers, New York.2. Enzyme Technology by M.P. Chaplin and C. Bucke, Cambridge University

Press, Cambridge, 19903. Enzyme Technology by Messing.Reference BOOKS:1.Enzymes: Dixon and Webb. IRL Press.2. Principles of Enzymology for technological Applications (1993):3. Butterworth Heinemann Ltd. Oxford.4. Biocatalyst for Industry: J.S. Dordrick (1991), Plenum press, New york.S. Fundaments of Enzymology by Prices and Stevens Oxford Press. (1999).

QUESTIONPAPERPATTERNChapter 1- INTRODUcrlON&Chapter 2 - GENERALUSESOFBIOCATALYSTSChapter 3 - ENZYMESOFBIOLOGICALIMPORTANCEChapter 4 - ENZYMATICTECHNIQUESChapter 5 - IMMOBILIZEDENZYMESANDBIOCONVERSIONPROCESSESChapter 6 -INDUSTRIALUSESOFENZYMES Two QuestionsChapter 7 - ENZYMEENGINEERING One QuestionNote: EIGHT questions to be set, out of which FIVE full questions to beanswered.

One QuestionOne QuestionOne QuestionTwo Question

21 ./

GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS


BT640452

IAMarksExamHrs.Exam Marks

2503

1001. INTRODUCTIONGenes and Proteins, Polymorphisms, commercializing the Genome - Revenueopportunities: a) genome sequences and database subscriptions, b) discoveryof new genes and their function. 04 Hours

2. SEQUENCING& GENOME PROJECTSEarly sequencing efforts. Methods of preparing genomic DNA forsequencing, DNA sequence analysis methods, Sanger Dideoxy method,Fluorescence method, shot-gun approach. Genome projects on E.coli.,Arabidopsis and rice; Human genome project and the genetic map.

06 Hours

3. GENOMICSRaw genome sequence data, expressed sequenced tags (ESTs), Genevariation and (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) SNPs, disease association,diagnostic genes and drug targets, genotyping - DNA Chips, diagnosticassays, diagnostic services; comparative genomics. Functional Genomics ofthe trans-proteome using genomes as the "glue" to connect disparate data.Studies with model systems such as Yeast, Drosophila,C. elegans, Arabidoposis for human disease and drug targets. 08 Hours

4. PROTEOMICSMethods of protein isolation, purification and quantification. Large scalesynthesis of proteins, use of peptides in biology, analysis of proteins, highthroughput screening, engineering novel proteins. Proteomics - databasesubscription and protein drugs; Bioinformatics analysis - clustering methods,proteome functional information, two hybrid interaction screens, Mass-specbased protein expression and post-translational modification analysis,"Protein Chip" interaction detection. 08 Hours

5. GENOMEMANAGEMENTIN EUKARYOTESMulticellularity, cell differentiation and gene regulation. Inheritance patternin eukaryotes, Mutations, organization of eukaryotic genome within thenucleus, eukaryotic transcription units, regulation of transcription,transcription factors and the co-ordination of gene expression, translation andpost-translational modification in eukaryotes, mitochondrial and chloroplastgenome.

06 Hours

22

6. FUNCTIONALGENOMICSc-Values of eukaryotic genomes, important features in organization ofmicrobial, plant and animal genomes, repetitive and coding sequences,identification and tagging of markers for important traits, T-DNA &trasposon tagging, Cloning of genes by map-based cloning, Construction &Screening of cDNAs libraries, differential display via RT-PCR. Micro-arrayin functional genomics.

08 Hours

7. GENOMEANALYSISMolecular markers in genome analysis, Principle classes of markers: DNAHybridization markaers - RFLP's & AFLP's, DNA amplification markers -RAPD's, SCAR, microsattelites - simple sequences repeats (SSR) and Intersimple sequence repeats (ISSR), Protein markers - Allozymes and Isozymes,Telomerase as molecular markers, FISH - DNA amplification markers.Methods in mapping plant and animal genomes; Usefulness of genomemapping to Plant and animal breeding: Yeast Artificial Chromosome (YAC)libraries and their uses in genome mapping. General features of mappingmicrobial genomes - bacteria and fungal genomes.

12 Hours

TextBooks:1.Plant Genome Analysis. Edited by Peter M Gresshoff, CRC Press.2. Genetic Analysis - Principles, Scope and Objectives by John R S

Finchman, Blackwell Science, 1994.

Reference Books:1. Biocomputing Informatics and the Genome Projects by Smith D.W.,

Academic Press, 1993.2. Genes VITI by Benjamin Lewis. Oxford University & Cell Press


Chapter 1 - INTRODUCTION&Chapter 2 - SEQUENCING& GENOMEPROJECfS One QuestionChapter 3 - GENOMICS One QuestionChapter 4 - PROTEOMICS One QuestionChapter 5 - GENOMEMANAGEMENTINEUKARYOTES One QuestionChapter 6 - FUNCfIONALGENOMICS Two QuestionsChapter 7 - GENOMEANALYSIS Two QuestionsNote: EIGHT questions to be set, out of which FIVE full questions to beanswered.

I23

HEALTH & PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY


BT650452


2503

100

1. INTRODUCTIONDevelopment of drugs and pharmaceutical industry, organic therapeuticagents and its uses, economics of drug development. 04 Hours

2. DRUG METABOLISMANDPHARMACO-KINETICSDrug metabolism, half-life of drugs, physico chemical principles, radioactivelabeled compunds, pharma kinetics, action of drugs on human bodies.

04 Hours3. IMPORTANTUNITPROCESSESANDTHEm APPLICATIONSChemical conversion processes, alkylation, carboxylation, condensation andcyclisation; dehydration, esterification (alcoholysis), halogenation, oxidation,sulfonation, complex chemical conversions, fermentation.

08 Hours

4. MANUFACTURINGPRINCIPLESGMP, GLP and clean room concept. Compressed tables, wet granulation, drygranulation or slugging, direct compression, tablet formulation, coating, pills,capsules, sustained action dosage form, parental preparations, oral liquids,ointments. 08 Hours

5. PHARMACEUTICALPRODUCTS,ANALYSISANDCONTROLVitamins, cold remedies, laxatives, analgesics, non steroidal contraceptives,external antiseptics, antacids and others. Antibiotics, biologicals, harmones,vitamins, preservation of these products, analytical methods and tests forvarious drugs and pharmaceuticals, packaging techniques and quality control.

08 Hours6. HEALTH BIOTECHNOLOGYClean air, water and food - role of Biotechnology, Health care products,Edible vaccines, Nutritional value of foods, pharming (biophannaceuticalsfrom microbes, plants and animals), Health bioinformatics; Microbes &Human Health, Biotechnology Kits to monitor day to-day Human Health.

08 Hours

7. STEM CELLSIN HEALTHCAREMammalian Embryonic Stem Cells, Stem Cells division, DifferentiatedProgeny, Epidermal Stern Cells in the Basal Layer, Differentiating EpidermalCells, Synthesize of Different Keratins, Epidermal Stem Cells - a subset ofBasal Cells, Basal Cell Proliferation, Secretory Cells in the Epidermis.

24

Hemopoietic Stern Cell Disorders: Classification and manifestations ofHemopOIetIc Stem Cell Disorders, a plastic Hemopoietic Stem CellDisorders, Clinical applications of Colony Stems, Complications of Germstherapy, Replacement Therapy and Bone marrow Transplantation.Immunological principles, Preservation and Clinical use of blood and bloodcomponents. 12 Hours

TextBooks:1. Industrial Pharmaceutical Biotechnology by Heinrich Klefenz, Wiley- VCH

edition.2. Biopharrnaceutical Drug Design and Development by Susanna Wu-Pong,

Yongyut Rojanasakul, and Joseph Robinson.3. Biophannaceuticals: Biochemistry and Biotechnology by Gary Walsh.

Reference Books:

I. Enzyme Technologies for pharmaceutical and biotechnologicalapplications by Herbert A Kirst, Wu-Kuang Yeh, Milton J.

2. Developmental Biology, 6th Edition, by Scott F. Gilbert3. Hematology, by William 1. Williams, Ernest Beutler, Allan Jll. Erslev,

Marshall A. Lichtman4. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 3rd Edition, Bruce Alberts, Dennis Bray,

Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, James D. Watson


Chapter 1 - INTRODUCTION&Chapter 2 - DRUGMETABOUSMANDPHARMACO-KINETICS .Chapter 3 - IMPORTANTUNITPROCESSESANDTHEIRAPPUCATIONSChapter 4 - MANUFACTURINGPRINCIPLESChapter 5 - PHARMACEUTICALPRODUCTS,ANALYSISANDCONTROLChapter.S - HEALTHBIOTECHNOLOGYChapter 7 - Stern Cells in Health Care

One Question

One Question

One QuestionOne Question

Two QuestionsTwo Questions


25

SEPARA TION TECHNIQUES


BT6610452


1.GENERALTECHNIQUESDistillation, Liquid - liquid extraction,Crystallization, Centrifugation, Ultracentrifugation, Centrifugation, Ultracentrifugation, Dialysis, Salt Fractionationsulphate).

Absorption andCentrifugation,Centrifugation,

(precipitation with

Adsorption,differentialdifferential

Ammonium

12 Hours2. CHROMATOGRAPHYPartition chromatography - Single dimensional (Both Ascending andDescending) and two dimensional chromatography Thin layerchromatography, Gas liquid Chromatography, Adsorption Chromatography:Adsorption column chromatographs and TLC. Ion ExchangeChromatography: cation Exchange and anion Exchange chromatography. GelFiltration Chromatographs, Molecular Sieving, Molecular ExclusionChromatography, Affinity Chromatography, High Performance liquidchromatography (HPLC).

18 Hours3. ELECTROPHORESIS ./Moving boundary electrophoresis, Zone Electrophoresis, GelElectrophoresis, Continuous Gel EI~trophoresis, Disc gel Electrophoresis,Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, Cellulose ...•..Acetate, Starch Gel and PAGE(polyacrylamide Agarose Gel Electrophoresis) and SDS \( PAGE, Highvoltage electrophoresis, Isoelectric focusing, Immunoelectrophoresis.

12 Hours

4. SPECIFIC TECHNIQUESColorimeter and spectrophotometer, Beer - Lambert's law, Fluorimeter andflame photometry. Radio immuno Assay - Principle and applications. ELISA(Enzyme linked Immuno Sorbant Assay) - Principle and applications.Hydridoma Technology, Monoclonal antibodies - Principles and applications.

10 HoursText Books:1. Bioseparations by Belter P.A. and Cussier E. Wiley, 1985.2. Separation processes in Biotechnology by Asenjo 1. and Dekker M. 19933. Rate controlled separations by Wankat P.C. Elsevier, 1990

26

2503

100

Reference Books: .l.Product Recovery in Bioprocess Technology - BIOTaL Senes, VCH,

19902. Basic separation techniques in Biochemistry by OKOTORE R o. New Age

International.


Chapter 1- GENERALTECHNIQUESChapter 2 - CHROMATOGRAPHYChapter 3 - ELECTROPHORESISChapter 4 - SPECIFICTECHNIQUES


Two QuestionsTwo QuestionsTwo QuestionsTwo Questions

BIO:\lATERIALS

BT6620452

lA MarksExam Hrs.Exam Marks

2503

100


1. CRYSTAL STRUCTURECrystal lattices- packing factor of BCC, FCC and HCP, Imperfections, pointand line defects, vacancies, interstices and dislocations, diffusion phenomena,Fick's laws of diffusion. Climb-jog-Frank, Read source, Slip plane, planesand directions, Critical resolved shear stress-strain hardening.

06 Hours2. FRACTURES .Types, Ductile and Brittle fracture, Griffth's theory o~ fractur~,. Velocity. ofcrack propagation, Notch effect in fracture, Ductile to bnttle transrtion.

03 Hours3. MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUREngineering stress strain curve, Instability in tension, Effect of strain rate ~ntensile properties, Effect of temperature on tensile properties, effect of strainrate and temperature, Hardness tests, Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness,Rockwell hardness, Microhardness, Effect of Temperature on Hardness.

06 Hours

4. FATIGUE OF METALSDefinition, SN Curve, theories of fatigue, Effect stress concentration, sizeeffect, surface effect, corrosion fatigue, effect of mean stress, effect oftemperature on fatigue.

04 Hours

27

5. CREEPDefinition, creep curve, Presentation of engineering creep data, steady statecreep, effect of temperature, creep mechanisms, creep resistant materials.

04 Hours

6. ADVANCED MATERIALSPlastics, Ceramics, Composites, FRP, MMC - their classification, propertiesand applications.

04 Hours

7. BIOMA TERIALSPolymers as biornaterials, microstructure, mechanical properties - effects ofenvironment on elastic moduli, yield strength and fracture strengths,sterilization and disinfections of polymeric materials. Biocompatibility ofpolymers, polymers as biomaterials, heparin and heparin-likepolysaccharides, proteoglycans, structure and biological activities of nativesulfated glycosaminoglycans, chemically modified glycosaminoglycans,hepar;" "ke substances from nonglycosaminoglycan polysaccharides andmicrobial glycosaminoglycan, surface immobilized heparins.Medical devices and biornaterials, high performance polyurethaneelastomers, applications of polymers in medicine and surgery. Skin graftpolymers, biodegradable polymers in drug delivery and drug carrier systems.

10 Hours

8. IMPLANT MA TERIALSProperties of implant materials, metals and alloys, polymers, ceramics andcomposites, qualification of implant materials, goal of clinical trials, designand conclusion of clinical trials. Foreign Body Response, Biocompatibilityand Wound Healing

05 Hours

9. ISSUES & APPLI CA TIONSFunctional Requirements of Biomaterials for Tissue and organ replacements.

Orthopedic Biomaterials: Requisite properties, Materials selection, Issuesof wear, Case Studies.

Dental materials: Implants, Coatings, Mechanical fixation.

Cardiovascular Biomaterials: Tissue properties of blood vessels,Treatments of atherosclerosis; Biomechanical design issues pertaining tostents, balloon angioplasty, and pacemakers. Soft Tissue Reconstruction;Natural and Synthetic. Wound healing. Tissue ingrowths: Stability; Bio-fixation, Soft implants. Case Studies.

28

t ry issues: Overview of Biomaterials and implant regulatory issues;o ...••••ala 0 D. .1'"'80- Engineering· Current issues and Future irecnonsTissue ' 10 Hours

Text Books: . . edici b B dd"jiiiomaterials Science: An introduction to matenals III m icme y u Y. D Ratner. Academic Press (1996). . .

2. polymeriC Biomaterials by Severian D~nutnu (1994).3. Material Science by Smith, McGraw Hill. .4. Material Science and Engineering by V Raghavan, Prentice Hall, 1985.

Reference Books:1.Mechanical Metallurgy by Dieter2 Biological Performance of materials, Jonathan Black.3: Advanced Catalysts and Nanostructured Materials, William R Moser,

Academic Press.

QUESTIONPAPER PATIERN

Chapter 1-CRYSTALSTRUcrURESChapter 2 - FRACfURES&Chapter 3 - MECHANICALBEHAVIOURChapter 4 - FATIGUEOFMETALS&Chapter 5 - CREEPChapter 6 - /'illVANCEDMATERIALSChapte. 7 - BroMA.T!':!li-l\,..5Chapter 8 - IMPLANTMATERIALS

One Question

Two Questions

One QuestionOne Questic!1rwu QuestionsOne Question

Note: EIGHT questions to be set, out of which FIVE full questions to be

answered.

BIOCHIPS & MICROARRA Y TECHNOLOGY


BT6630452


2503

100

1. INTRODUCTION Hi . al Development,Basics of Biochips and Microarray Technology, stone

02 HoursBiochip Technologies.

29

2. BIOCHIP AND MICROARRA Y CONSTRUCTIONDNA Microarrays, Oligonucleotide, cDNA and genomic microarrays,Microchip production te~logies, Biochips, Microarrays, MegaclonetecIrlloIogy- for fluid micro arrays , Microarray labels, Microarrayscannerslheaders, Microarray robotics, Microfluidics systems, Chips andMass Spectrometry, Chromosome on a Chip, Tissue Chip, RNA Chip,Protein Chip Technclogy-..Glycochips, Biochip assays, Combination ofmicroarray and biosensor technology, Biochip versus gel-based methods,Process flow for production and analysis of a biochip, Standardization ofmicroarray analysis, Bioinformatics and microarrays, Integrated biochipsystem, Evaluation of conventional microarray technology; electricaldetection methods for microarrays; SERS (surface-enhanced RamanSpectroscopy)-based microarrays.

25 Hours

3. ApPLICATIONS OF BIOCHIP TECHNOLOGYMolecular diagnostics, Pharmacogenomics, application of microarraytechnology in drug discovery and development, Gene expression studies, Useof DNA chip technology for drug safety, Use of microchips for drug delivery,Biochips as neural prostheses, Use of biochips in healthcare, Use ofmicroarrays in population genetics and epidemiology, Use of microarrays inforensics, DNA chip technology for water quality management, Bioagentchip, Application of micro arrays in the agro-industry; use of microarrays in::?eneiic disease monitoring; Point of Care (p.O.C) applications, Limitationsof biochip technology.

15 Hours

4. COMMERCIAL ASPECTS OF BIOCHIP TECHNOLOGYMarkets for biochip technologies, Commercial support for the developmentof biochips, Government support for biochip development, Businessstrategies, Patent issues.

05 Hours

5. DNA COMPUTINGIntroduction, Junctions, other shapes, Biochips and large-scale structures,Discussion of Robinson and Kallenbach's methods for designing DNAshapes, DNA cube, Computing with DNA, Electrical analogies for biologicalcircuits, Challenges, Future Trends.

05 Hours

TextBooks:1. Biochips and Microarrays -- Technology and Commercial PotentialPublished by: Informa Global Pharmaceuticals and Health Care

30

Reference Books:1. DNA Arrays: Technology and Experimental Strategies (2002),Grigorenko, E.V (ed), CRC Press,. .2. Microarray Analysis (2002) Mark Schena; J. Wiley & Sons (ed., NewYork)

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN

Chapter 1 - INTRODUCTIONChapter 2 - BIOCHIPANDMICROARRAY CONSTRUCTIONChapter 3 - APPUCATlONSOFBrocHIP TECHNOLOGYChapter 4 - COMMERCIALASPECTSOFBIOCHIP

TECHNOLOGYChapter 5 - DNA COMPUTING

One QuestionThree QuestionsTwo QuestionsOne Question

One Question

Note: EIGHT questions to be set, out of which FIVE full questions t~ ~

answered.··

BIOPROCESS CONTROL & INSTRUMENTATION LAB


BTL670342


250350

1. Characteristics of Transducers (Temperature, Pressure, Flow)2. Dynamics of First order system for step/impulse input3. Non-interacting system4. Interacting System5. Control of temperature in a bioprocess6. Control of pH in a bioprocess7. Control of Pressure in a bioprocess8. Control of Flow rates in a bioprocess9. Optical density measurement of bacterial cultures10. Measurement of dissolved oxygen in the growth media (at different

stages of growth)11. Measurements of temperature, light & humidity in growth chambers12. Determination of quantity and purity of proteins using SDS Page13. Salting-in and Salting-out experiments.

TextBooks:1.Bioprocess Engineering by Shule and Kargi Prentice Hall, 1992.2. Bioprocess Engineering Principles by Pauline M. Doran, 1995.

31

Reference Books:1.McCabe W.L. and Smith I.e. Unit operations in Chemical Engineering,

McGraw-Hili (5th Ed.), 1987.2. Bailey and Ollis, Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals Mcgraw Hill

(2nd 'Ed.). 1986.\3. Wolf R. Vieth, Bioprocess Engineering - Kinetics, Mass Transport,

Reactors and Gene Expression. A Wiley - Interscience Publication, 1992.

EN~ETECHNOLOGYLAB


BTL680342


250350

I. Methods for isolation of enzymes:Isolation of alpha-mylase from sweet potato or salivaIsolation of urease from horse gram or kidney gramIsolation cf acid phosphotase from sweet potatoDetermination of lysozyme ctivity

Enzyme Kinetics of urease or alpha-amylase or acidphosphotase :Determination of Km of an enzymeEffect of pH and temperature on enzyme activityDetermination of specific activity of an enzymeEffect of inhibitors on enzyme activity

Strategies for purification and characterization of enzymes :Ammonium sulphate fractionation and column chromatographyMolecular weight determination of a protein by molecular sievingMolecular weight determination of a protein by gel electrophoresisImmobilized enzymes:Immobilization of glucose oxidaseKinetics of immobilized enzymes

1.

?3.4.

II.

5.6.7.8.

ill.9.10.11.

IV.12.l3.

V. Demo Experiments:14. Restriction analysis of a plasmid by agarose gel electrophoresis15. PCR

TextBooks:1.Enzymes in Industry: Production and Applications: W. Gerhartz (1990),

VCH Publishers, New York.2. Enzyme Technology by M.F. Chaplin and C. Bucke, Cambridge University

Press, Cambridge, 1990.

32

3. Biochemical methods by S Sadasivam & A Manickam.4. Practical Biochemistry by Sawhnwy & Singh.

Reference Books:1.Enzymes: Dixon and Webb. IRL Press.2. Principles of Enzymology for technological Applications (1993):

Butterworth Heinemann Ltd. Oxford.3. Biocatalyst for Industry: I.S. Dordrick (1991), Plenum press, New york.4. Fundaments of Enzymology by Prices and Stevens Oxford Press. (1999).

-------*--------

VII SEMESTER

CONSTITUION OF INDIA AND PROFESSIONA ETHICS(Common to All Branches)

Sub CodeHrslWeekTotal Hrs.

IA MarksExam HoursExam Marks

2503

100

CIP710452

1. Preamble to the Constitution of India. - Evolution of ConstitutionalLaw 02 Hours

2. Scope and Extent of Fundamental Rights under Part ill - Details ofExercise of Rights, Limitations and Important Cases. 10 Hours

3. Relevance of Directive Principles of State Policy under Part IV.10 Hours

4. Significance of Fundamental Duties under part IV a. 01 Hours

5. Union Executive President, Vice-President, Prime Minister, Councilof Ministers, Parliament and Supreme Court of India. 03 Hours

6. State Executive, Governor, Chief Minister, Council of Ministers,Legislature and High Courts. 04 Hours

7. Constitutional provisions for scheduled castes and tribes; womenand children and backward classes. 04 Hours

8. Emergency powers, Major constitutional Amendments. 04 Hours

9. Electoral Process. 02 Hours

10. Scope and Aims of Engineering Ethics 02 Hours

11. Responsibility of Engineers - Impediments to Responsibility

12. Honesty, Integrity and Reliability02 Hours04 Hours

13. Risk Safety and Liability in Engineering 04 Hours

TEXTBOOKS:1. Durga Das Basu :Introduction to the Constitution of India (

Students Edition) Prentice - Hall EEE, 19th120th Edn., 20012. V. N. Shukla: Constitution of India (Latest Edn.)3. Engineering Ethics by Charles. E. Harris, Michael. S. Pritchard and

Michael J. Robins Thompson Asia, 2003-08-05

REFERENCE BOOKS:1. An introduction to Constitution of India by M.V. Pylee, Vikas

Publishing, 20022. Ethics in Engineering by Mike W. Martin and Roland Schinzinger3. Introduction to Engineering Ehtics by Roland Schinzinger and Mike

W. Martin, 20024. Introduction to the Constitution of India by Brij Kishore Sharma,

Prentice Hall of India, 2002

UPSTREAM PROCESS TECHNOLOGY


BT720452


2503

100

I.MEDIAPreparation, Storage, handling and sterilization of media in large scaleproduction. 03 Hours

2. PLANT CELL CULTURE TECHNIQUESIntroduction, Requirements, Techniques, Media Constituents, MediaSelection. Cellular Totipotency, Practical Applications of Cellulartotipotency. Isolation and culture of single Cells, Application of cell culture.Organogenic differentiation, Cytodifferentiation. Somatic Embryogenesis,Factors Affecting Somatic embryogenesis, Induction, development andMaturation of Somatic embryos, Somatic Embryo versus Zygotic embryos,

34

Synchronization of Embryo Development, Large scale Production of somaticEmbryos, Synthetic Seeds. Loss of Morphogenic Potentia.l in Long-te~cultures. Androgenesis and gynogeneis, Techniques, Production of haploidsThrough Distant Hybridization, Diploidization to raise HomozygousDiploids, Applications, Limitations. Triploid Production, Callusing.Applications of Endospesm Culture. Bioprocess consideration in using plantcell cultures - Bioreactors for suspension cultures, immobilized cells and fororganized tissues.

13 Hours

3. ANIMAL CELL CULTURE TECHNIQUESMedia for culturing cells and tissues; natural and defined media. Preparationof various tissue culture media, sterilization and storage. Sterilization ofvarious equipments and apparatus Short-term lymphocyte culture (suspensioncultures) Fibroblast cultures from chick embryo. Development andmaintenance of cell lines. Hybridoma and monoclonal antibody production.In vitro culture of oocytes/embryos. Cell/embryo cryopreservation. Stem cellisolation and culture. Bioreactors considerations for animal cell cultures -Production of Monoclonal antibodies and therapeutic proteins.

12 Hours4. MICROBIAL CELL CULTURE TECHNIQUESSterilization. Media preparation. Culture maintenance. Single colonypurification. Bacterial titre estimation. Growth curve. Replica platin~. Culturecharacterization. Auxotroph isolation of Viruses and bactenophages.Biochemical characterization. Antibiotic sensitivity. Conjugational genetictransformation. Generalised transduction. 08 Hours

5. FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGYIntroduction, Oxygen transfers in fermenters. Instrumentation. Optimizationof fermentations, physiological and genetic strategies. Production of primarymetabolites. Production of secondary metabolites. Strategies used to optimizeproduct yield, Commercial Aspects. Germplasm Storage, Long-term storage,Short or medium-term storage Antibiotic production. Search and discovery ofnovel microbial secondary metabolites. Improvement of Existing AntibioticClasses. Water pollution. Effluent treatment. Microbiology of brewing.Nutrient Cycling and Microbial Metal Mining. Agglutination andprecipitation gel diffusion compliment fixation. Utilizing geneticallyengineered organism for bioprocessing; Deciding the process, choosing thehost - vectors system, process constraints such as genetic instability.

16 Hours

35

TEXTBOOKS:1. Plant Cell Culture: A Practical Approach by R A D· & G

IRL Press. . . Ixon onzales,

2. Principles of fermentation Technology by P.F. Stanbury and A WhitakPergamon Press, 1984. . I er,

3. r;;entation & Enzyme Technology by D.I.C. wang et.al., Wiley Eastern

4. Animal cell culture Techniques by Ian Freshney.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

l.Plant Molecular biology by D. Grierson & S N C BI ki2 E . . PI . . ovey ac e London. xpenm.ents In ant Tissue Culture by John H. Dodds & Lorin if Robert·

3. Plant tissue Cultur~ : Theory and Practice by S.S. Bhojwani' and M KRazdan (1996) Elsevier, Amsterdam ..

4.Microbial Biotechnology by Alexander N Glazer, Hiroshi Nikaido W HFreeman & Company Newyork. '

5. ~~;:~~~~~otechnOlogy by R.E. Spier and J.B. Griffiths (1988),

6. Living resources for Biotechnology, AnirnaI cells by A D I no Hand BE Kirso (1990) b . . oye,.l\.. ay

. . .. p ,cam ndge University Press, cambridge7.Ammal BIOtechnology by Murray Moo-Young (1989) p. P

Oxford ' ergamon ress,

8. Principle of Microbe & C II C I .e u tivation (1975), SJ Prit, BlackwellScientific co.

Question Paper Pattern:

Chapter 2:Chapter 3:Chapter 4:Chapter 5:

Two QuestionsTwo QuestionsTwo QuestionsTwo Questions

Note: EIGHT questions to be set, out of which FIVE full quest' t banswered. Ions 0 e

36

DOWNSTREAM PROCESS TECHNOLOGY


BT730452


2503

100

1. ROLE OF DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING IN BIOTECHNOLOGY

Role and importance of downstream processing in biotechnologicalprocesses. Problems and requirements of bioproduct purification. Economicsand downstream processing in Biotechnology. Cost cutting strategies,characterstics of biological mixtures, process design criteria for variousclasses of bioproducts (high volume, low value products and low volume,high value products), physicochemical basis of bio separation processes.

12 Hours

2. PRIMARY SEPARATION AND RECOVERY PROCESSESCeU disruption methods for intracellular products, removal of insolubles,biomass (and particulate debris) separation techniques; flocculation andsedimentation, centrifugation and filtration methods. 08 Hours

3. ENRICHMENT OPERATIONSMembrane - based separations (Micro- and. Ultra-filtration) theory; designand configuration of membrane separation equipment; applications;precipitation methods with salts, organic solvents, and polymers, extractiveseparations. Aqueous two-phase extraction, supercritical extraction; In situproduct removal/integrated bio processing. 12 Hours

4. MEMBRANE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYUse of membrane diffusion as a tool for separating and characterizingnaturally occurring polymers; solute polarization and cake forniation inmembrane ultra filtration - causes, consequences and control techniques;enzyme processing using ultra filtration membranes; separation by solventmembranes; ultra filtration and reverse osmosis. 08 Hours

5. PRODUCT RESOLUTIONIFRACTIONA TIONAdsorptive chromatographic separation processes, electrophoretic separations(all electrophoresis techniques including capillary electrophoresis), hybridseparation technologies (membrane chromatography, electrochromotagraphyetc.), Gel Permeation Chromatography, Dialysis; Crystallization, HPLC andGC.

12 Hours

37

TEXTBOOKS:1. Bios~paration - D~wnstream processing for biotechnology by Belter P.A.,

Cussler.E. and Wel Shan Hu., Wiley Interscience Pub, 1988.2. Separation Processes in Biotechnology by Asenjo J. and Dekker M 19933. Pr~uct Recovery in Bioprocess Technology - BIOTaL ,.

Senes,VCH,1990

REFERENCE BOOKS:l. R~te contr~Iled separations by Wankat P.e., Elsevier, 19902. BlOsepar~tlOns by Beiter P.A. and Cussier E., Wiley, 1985.i~~~ntatIon & Enzyme Technology by D.I.C. wang et.al., Wiley Eastern


Question Paper Pattern:Chapter 1: Two QuestionsChapter 2: One QuestionChapter 3: Two QuestionsChapter 4: One QuestionChapter 5: Two Questions( 5/8 to be answered)

FOOD & AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

Sub CodeHrs!WeekTotal Hrs.

BT740452


2503

1001. MICROORGANISMS IN FOODS~ttory Of. Micro?rganisms in food. The Role and Significance of

cr?<>rgarusms, Pnmary Sources of Microorganisms found in Foods Typesof Mlcroorganisms in Foods. 'S . fCynOPSlS 0 Common Food-borne bacteria, Synopsis of Genera of Molds

ommon to Foods, Synopsis of Genera of Yeasts Common to Foods.

4 Hours

2. DETERMINING MICROORGANISMS AND THEIR PRODUCTSINFOODS

~~Iture, Mi.croscopi~, and Sampling Methods, Conventional; SPC,mbrane Filters, Microscope colony Counts, Agar Droplets, Dry Films,

38

Most probable Numbers (MPN), Dye-reduction, Roll Tubes, DirectMicroscopic Count (DMC), Microbiological Examination of surfaces, AirSampling, Enumeration and Detection of Food-borne Organisms.

5 Hours

3. FOOD SPOILAGE & PRESERVATIONMicrobial Spoilage of Vegetables, Fruits, Fresh and Processed Meats,Poultry, and Seafood. Spoilage- of Miscellaneous Foods, Food Preservation,Rheology of Food Production, Food Preservation Using Irradiation,Characteristics of Radiations of Interest in Food Preservation., PrinciplesUnderlying the Destruction of Microorganisms by Irradiation, Processing ofFoods for Irradiation, Application of Radiation. Legal Status of FoodIrradiation, Effect of Irradiation of Food constituents; Food Preservation withLow Temperatures, Food Preservation with High Temperatures, Preservationof Foods by Drying.

10 Hours4. BIOTECHNOLOGY m FOOD L~IDu~1 1<.y.Characteristics of Food Industry. Food manufacturing & processing, commonadditives, bioorganic additives, spoilage, prevention of spoilage, storage andpreservation through biotechnological means, food packaging. Factorsinfluencing food product development, marketing, and promotionalstrategies. Food Industry: Nutrition value, basal metabolic rate, influences onnutritional status, dietary strategies for individuals, diet for specific groups,Market Place, ecologically sustainable production, risks and benefits ofbiotechnology to food industry.

8 Hours

5. AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGYHistory and scope. Production of disease free plants: shoot - tip - cultures,shoot - tip - grafting, viricidal compounds. Tissue culture as a source ofgenetic variability : somaclonal and garnetoclonal variant selection, sourcesand causes of variation, application in crop improvement. Protoplastisolation, culture and fusion, selection of hybrid cells and regeneration ofhybrid plants, somatic hybridization and cybridization. Plant cell cultures forthe production of useful chemicals : pigments perfumes, flavors, insecticides,anticancer agents and pharmacologically important compounds. GeneticEngineering: techniques for the insertion of foreign genes into plant cells, Tiplasmid and vectors, production of transgenic plants, (i) Transgenic plants(ii) gene cloning, restriction fragment length polymorphisms, transposons,and insertional mutagenesis. Molecular biology of nitrogen fixation, nif-genetransfer, herbicide resistance and stress tolerance in plants. Bioinsecticidesand biofertilizers. Preservation of rare plant species germplasm collection andCOnservation. 15 Hours

39

6. APPLICA TIONSTissue Culture: Introduction, Sterilization of field-grown tissues, callusinduction, initiation of suspenstion cultures, role of hormones in plantmorphogenesis, regeneration of shoots and roots from callus cultures,conditioning of tissue culture plants, transfer of plants to green house.

05 HoursOrganic Farming: Overview, sustainable agricultural system, managementof agricultural pollution, use of traditional and non-traditional additives fororganic farming, agricultural waste management, crop production, biogastechnology and organic farming, future trends.

05 Hours

TEXTBOOKS:1. Modern Food Micro-Biology by J.MJay, (1986), Van Nostrand Reinhold

company, New York.2. Plant Cell Culture : A Practical Approach by R.A. Dixon & Gonzales,

IRLPress.3. Plant biotechnology in Agriculture by K. Lindsey and M.G.K. Jones

(1990), Prentice hall, New Jersey.

REFERENCE BOOK:I.Plant Tissue Culture: Applications and Limitations by S.S. Bhojwani(1990), Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Question Paper Pattern:Chapter 1: One QuestionChapter 2: One QuestionChapter 3: One QuestionChapter 4: One QuestionChapter 5: Two QuestionsChapter 6: Two Questions


40

ANIMAL AND PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY



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100

BT7510452

1.ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGYIntroduction, History and scope, Balanced salt solution, Composition andpreparation of growth media, primary bovine kidney culture, culturing andmaintenance of different animal cell lines, preservation and maintenance ofanimal cell lines, methods of transfection of cells, screening and harvestingof products. Large scale production of recombinant gene products in animalcell culture, cell culture based vaccine, tissue engineering.

15 Hours

2. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR ANIMAL IMPROVEMENTConventional methods of animal improvement, cross breeding, artificialinsemination, in vitro fertilization, embryo transfer technology; Transgenicanimals - direct microinjection, nuclear transfer, embryonic stem cells,improved- desired characters of domestic animals, trz.;-,:;,f.,-"icanimals asbioreactors for production of human therapeutic proteins, transgenic cow,sheep, and mouse. Gene mapping in farm animals. Marker assisted selectionand genetic improvement life stock, molecular biology techniques (RIA,ELISA, PCR) for rapid diagnosis of disease, forensic medicine ( DNAfingerprinting)

17 Hours3. PLANT VIRUSESClassification - diagnosis- remedy- viruses as a tool to deliver foreign DNA.

2 Hours

4. PLANT GENETIC ENGINEERINGInduction of tumours by Agrobacterium, introduction of binary vectors intoAgrobacterium by triparental mating, leaf disc transformation usingAgrobacterium, GUS expression in transformed tissues, extraction of DNAfrom transformed plants, Southern hybridization to check planttransformation, PCR amplification of T-DNA in transformed plant tissues.Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer and cloning. Types of plant vectorsand their use in gene manipulation. Viruses as a tool to delivery foreignDNA.

9 Hours

41

5. DEVELOPMENTAL ASPECTS OF RHIZOBIUMLegume symbiosis, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, regulation of nif and nodgenes.

2 Hours

6. DISEASE SUSCEPTIBITY AND RESISTANCETransposable elements, factors influencing disease resistance andsusceptibility. RAPD.

3 Hours

7. TRANSGENIC SCIENCEBasics of Transgenic science, Detection of integrated genes in transgenicplants by PCR, Southern, Nort~ern and Western, Blotting. Production oftransgenics with herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, viral resistance,stress tolerance, and development of pest resistant plants by introducingBacillus thuringiensis genes; Biosafety regulations and evaluation oftransgenics contained conditions.

4 HoursTEXTBOOKS:1. Animal Cell biotechnology by RE. Spier and J.B. Griffiths (1988),

Academic press.2. Living resources for Biotechnology, Animal cells by A. Doyle, R Hay

and B.E. Kirsop (1990), cambridge University Press, cambridge.3. Animal Biotechnology by Murray Moo- Young (1989), Pergamon Press,

Oxford4. Plant biotechnology in Agriculture by K. Lindsey and M.G.K. Jones

(1990), Prentice hall, New Jersey.

REFERENCE BOOKS:l.Molecular Biotechnology by Primrose.2.Plant Tissue Culture: Applications and Limitations by S.S. Bhojwani

(1990), Elsevier, Amsterdam.3.Plant Cell Culture : A Practical Approach by RA. Dixon & Gonzales,

IRLPress.

Question Paper Pattern:Chapter 1: Two QuestionsChapter 2: Two QuestionsChapter 4: Two QuestionsChapter 5,6,7: Two Questions


42

MICROBIAL BT


2503

100

BT7520452

IAMarksExam HoursExam Marks

1. INTRODUCTIONStudy of Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes, Classification and Identification ofMicroorganisms, classification and identification of fungi with specialemphasis on yeasts.

2 Hours2. MICROBIAL PROCESSING ENGINEERINGIntroduction to microbial process development. Analysis of experimentaldata. Design & optimization of fermentation media. Kinetics of cell growth.Sterilization of air and media. Modes of cell culture. Bioreactor systemsincluding utilities. Mass transfer in Microbial processes. Scale - up ofmicrobial processes. Instrumentation and control of process parameters.

12 Hours

3. PRODUCTION OF PROTEINSa) In BacteriaGenetic Transfer in bacteria, Transformation, Conjugation, Translation,cloning techniques, polymerase chain reaction, expression of cloned Genes,Recovery and purification of expressed proteins.

4 Hours

b) In YeastIntroduction of DNA into yeast cells, yeast cloning vectors, expression offoreign genes in yeast, expression of foreign gene products in secreted form,

4Hou~

4. APPLICATIONSa) Recombinant and synthetic vaccinesImpact of Biotechnology on vaccine development; sub unit vaccines,fragments of antigen sub unit as synthetic peptide vaccines.

2 Hours

b) Microbial insecticidesBacillus thuringinesis, Sphaericus, Popilliae, Baculoviruses. 2 Hours

43

c) Microbial enzymesProduction of Microbial enzymes, strain - medium. fermentation processes.Large scale application of Microbial enzymes - starch processing, textiledesizing, detergents, cheese industry. 3 Hours

d) Microbial polysaccharides and polymersBacterial Polysaccharides - structure & role In nature xanthan Gumstructure, production & Biosynthesis polyesters. 2 Hours

e) BioremediationUses of Bacteria in Bioremediation - Biodegradation of hydrocarbons,Granular sludge consortia for bioremediation, crude oil degradation bybacteria, Immobilization of microbes for bioremediation, Methanotrophs,PCB dechlorination, Genetic engineering of microbes for bioremediation.Phytoremediation - plants capable of assimilating heavy metals. 5 Hours

f) Microbial by productsSaccharification & fermentation. Metabolites from microorganisms, Aminoacids, antibiotics, Vitamins and Hormones. Organic synthesis & Degradation,classification of enzymes, microbial transformation of steroids & sterols

5 Hours

g) Environmental applicationsSewage & Waster water microbiology, Microbiological Degradation ofxenobiotics microorganisms in mineral recovery microorganisms in theremoval of heavy metals from aqueous effluents. 3 Hours

h) BioleachingStudies of Pyrite Dissolution in Pachuca Tanks and Depression of PyriteFlotation by Bacteria, Factors Effecting Microbial Coal Solubilization, SulfurLeaching by Thermophilic Microbes of Coal Particles Varying in size,Microbiological Production of Ferric Ion for Heap and Dump Leaching, NewBacteriophage which infects Acidophilic, Heterotrophic Bacteria from AcidicMining Environments, Treatment of Coal Mine Drainage with ConstructedWetlands. 6 Hours

i) Food industryMicrobial spoilage of food and its control; food preservatives; fermentedfoods; single cell protein (SCP) and single cell oil (SCO); food borneinfections and their control. 2 Hours

44

TEXTBOOK1. Principles of fermentation Technoogy, P.F. Stanbury and A. Whitaker,

Pergamon Press, 1984.2. Microbial Biotechnology by Alexander N Glazer, Hiroshi Nikaido , W H

Freeman & Company New York.

REFERENCE BOOKS:1.Fundamentals of Biotechnology. Edited by Paule Prave, Uwe Faust,

Wolfgang Sitting and Dieter A Sukatsch. VCH Publishers.2. Microbiology by Bernard Davis & Renato Dulbecco, Lippincott Company,

Philadelphia.3. Principle of Microbe & Cell Cultivation (1975), SJ Prit, Blackwell

Scientific co.).Question Paper Pattern:Chapter 2: Two QuestionsChapter 3: Two QuestionsChapter 4: Four Questions


ENVIRONMENT & INDUSTRIAL BT



2503

100

B1'7530452

1.FUNDAMENTALS OF MICROORGANISMSMicrobial flora of soil, growth, ecological adaptations, interactions amongsoil microorganisms, biogeochemical role of soil microorganisms.

3 Hours.

2. DEGRADATION OF XENOBIOTIC COMPUNDSSimple, aromatics, chlorinated, polyaromatic, petroleum products pesticidesand surfactants. 3 Hours

3. TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTESWaste water characteristics, biological waste water treatment, unitoperations, design and modeling of activated - sludge process, mathematicalmodeling of anaerobic -- digester dynamics. Dairy, pulp, dye, leather andpharmaceuticals, solid waste management:Biotechnology processes for oil recovery, microbial oil recovery, toxicwastes treatment, petroleum wastes treatment etc.

45

Decontamination Engineering bioremediation processes, cleanerbioprocesses for waste treatment for environmental pollution management.Ultra filtration systems for waste water contaminant removal; industrialwaste treatment opportunities for reverse osmosis and ultra filtration.

Bio-hazard Monitoring and Control - Risk assessment, hazard monitoring,remedial measures, techniques and control strategies. 13 Hours

4.BIOFUELSWaste as an energy core, energy recovery systems for urban waste,technology evaluation, concept of gasification of wastes with molten salt toproduce low-BTU gas; pipeline gas from solid wastes by syngas recyclingprocess; conversion of feedlot wastes into pipeline gas; fuels and chemicalsfrom crops, production of oil from wood waste, fuels from wood waste,methanol production from organic wastes. 6 Hours

5. APPLICATIONSRenewable and non-renewable resources. Conventional fuels and theirenvironmental impacts. Animal oils. Modem fuels and their environmentalimpacts. Biotechnological inputs in producing good quality natural fibres.Microbiological quality of food and water. Treatment of municipal waste andindustrial effluents. Degradation of Pesticides and other toxic chemicals byMicroorganisms Thuringiensis toxin as a natural pesticide. Biological controlof other insects swarming the agriculture fields. Enrichment of ores by \Microorganisms. Biofertilizers Nitrogen fixing microorganisms enrich thesoil with assimilable nitrogen. Major contaminants of air, water and soil,Biomonitors of environment (Bioindicators), Bioremediation using microbes,Phytoremediation, Treatment of distillery effluents, Biofilms. 13 Hours

6. INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGYIntroduction, Objectives and Scope; Characteristic and comparison ofbioprocessing with chemical processing. Substrates for bioconversionprocesses and design of media Isolation, preservation and improvement ofindustrial microorganisms. Metabolic basis for product formation. Cellculture techniques and aseptic transfers. Process technology for theproduction of cell biomass and some primary metabolites, e.g. ethanol,acetone-butanol, citric acid, dextran and amino acids. Microbial productionof industrial enzymes-glucose isomerase, cellulose etc. Production ofsecondary metabolites-penicillin, tetracycline etc. Production of vaccines.Production and economics of biofuels. 14 Hours

TEXTBOOKS:1.Environmental Biotechnology by Foster CE, John ware D.A., Ellis

Horwood Limited,1987.

46

2. Bioprocess Technology- fundamentals and applications, S 0 Enfors & LHagstrom (1992), RIT, Stockholm. ..,

3. Biotechnology : A Text Book of Industnal Microbiology : T.D. Brock,Smaeur Associates, 1990.

4. Biotechnology, Economic & Social Aspects: EJ. Dasilva, C Ratledge& A Sasson, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.

REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Fuels from Waste by Larry Anderson and David A Tillman. Academic

Press, 1977.2. Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol. 1- 4: M.Y. Young (Eds.), Pergamon

Press.3.1ndustrial Microbiology: L.E. Casida, Willey Eastern Ltd., 1989.4.1ndustrial Microbiology: Prescott & Dunn, CBS Publishers, 1987.Question Paper Pattern:Chapter 1 &2: One QuestionChapter 3: Two QuestionsChapter 4: One QuestionChapter 5: Two QuestionsChapter 6: Two Questions


ADVANCED PROGRAMMING (WINDOWS, LINUX & PERL)


BT7610452


2503

100

1. INTRODUCTION TO OPERATING SYSTEMWhat is O.S, Mainframe Systems, Desktop systems, Multiprocessor systems,Distributor systems, Clustered systems, Real time systems, Hand heldsystems, Future Migration, Computing Environment, System Components,O.S. services, System calls, System Programs, System structure, VirtualMachines 6 Hours

2. PROCESS MANAGEMENTProcess Concept, Process Scheduling, Co-operating processes, Inter processCommunication, Threads Overview, Multi threading, The critical selectionproblem, Semaphons Dead locks 4 Hours

47

3. STORAGE MANAGEMENTMemory management swapping, contiguoussegmentation, virtual memory, Demand Paging,interface-file concept, Directory implementation.

allocation, paging,thrashing File system

4 Hours

4. LINUX OPERA TING SYSTEMDesign principles, Kernel modules, processmemory management systems, Input andcommunication

management, scheduling,Output, Inter process

4 Hours

5. WINDOWS NTDesign Principles, System components, Environmental subsystems, Filesystem, Networking and program Interface

4 Hours

6. INTRODUCTION TO PERL

An overview of Perl: Getting started, Natural & Artificial Languages,Operators, Control structures, Regular expression, Built in data types, terms,pattern matching, statements and declarations, formats, special variables,subroutines.

2 Hours7. STRINGS

Introduction, Accessing Substrings, Establishing a Default Value,Exchanging Values Without Using Temporary Variables, ConvertingBetween ASCII Characters and Values, Processing a String One Character ata Time, Reversing a String by Word or Character, Expanding andCompressing Tabs, Expanding Variables in User Input, Controlling Case,Interpolating Functions and Expressions Within Strings.

4 Hours8. MA TIIEMA TICAL FUNCTIONS

Introduction, Comparing Floating - Point Numbers, Converting BetweenBinary and Decimal, Operating on a Series of Integers, Working with RomanNumerals, Generating Random Numbers, Trigonometry in Degrees, TakingLogarithms, Multiplying Matrices, Using Complex Numbers, ConvertingBetween Octal and Hexadecimal, Calculating Prime Factors.

4 Hours9. ARRAYS

Introdu~tion, Changing Array Size, Interacting Over an Array by Reference,Extracting Unique Elements from a List, Computing Union, Intersection, orDifference of Unique Lists, Appending One Array to Another, Reversing anArray, Processing Multiple Elements of an Array, Finding All Elements in anArray Matching Certain Criteria, Sorting an Array Numerically. 4 Hours

48

10. PATTERN MATCHINGPattern Matching: Matching Letters, Matching words, Commenting RegularExpressions, Finding the Nth Occurrence of a Match, Matching MultipleLines, Reading Records with a Pattern Separator, Extracting a Range ofLines, Matching Shell Globs as Regular Expressions, Speeding UpInterpolated Matches, Testing for a Valid Pattern, Detecting DuplicateWords, Expressing AND, OR, and NOT in a Single Pattern, MatchingMultiple-Byte Characters, Matching a Valid Mail Address, MatchingAbbreviations.

8 Hours

11. DATABASE ACCESSIntroduction, Making and Using a DBM File, Emptying a DBM File,Converting Between DBM Files, Merging DBM Files, Locking DBM Files,Sorting Large DBM Files, Treating a Text File as a Database Array,Executing an SQL Command Using DBI and DBD.

4 Hours12. WEB AUTOMATIONIntroduction, Fetching a URL from a Perl Script, Automating fromsubmission, Extracting URLS, Converting ASCII to HTML, ConvertingHTML to ASCII, Extracting or Removing HTML Tags, Finding Stale Links,Finding Fresh Links.

4 Hours

TEXTBOOKS:1. Operating system concept by Silberschatz, peterhalvin and Greg Gague, VI

edition, John Wiley, 2003.2. Linux: the complete reference by Richard Peterson, McGraw Hill, 19983. Learning Perl (Ill edition) by Randal L, Schwartz, Tom Phoenix, 2001.

REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Operating System - A concept based approach by D Dharndene, Tata

McGraw Hill, 2002.2. Tom Christiansen and Nathan Torkinton, Perl cook book, O'Reilly &

Associates, USA, 1998.3. Programming Perl (ill edition) by Larry Wall, Tom Christiansen, Jon

Orwant, 2000.4. CGI programming with Perl by Scott Guelich, Shishir Gundavaram,

Gunther Birznieks, Linda Mui, 2000.5. Perl by Example by Ellie Quigley Prentice Hall.6. Perl in a Nutshell by O'Reilley,7. Perl: The programmer Companion by Nigel Chapman, Wiley.

j

49

ADVANCED IT (MIS & INTERNET)


BT7620452

2503

100


PART A - MANAGEMENT INFORMA TION SYSTEMS (MIS)

1. ELEMENTS OF 0 & MOffice functions, office organization, office equipment, records management,and classification of filing systems: manual-filing equipment. Forms designand control. Filing through electronic equipment -rnicrofilms, MS punchedcards, magnetic or punched tape formats. Development of office procedures,lpplication of work study principles to office procedures and methods,weeding out of records. 6 Hours

2. INFORMATION PLANNINGFormat of presentation, selection of scales and techniques of charting, timeseries analysis. 2 Hours

3. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS V--The ,meaning and role of MIS for manag~. Objectives of an informatio~system: differenc betw tatistic d. iOfnrmation, di!ta life cycle-cfiaraCteristics 01 informatio , amount of information, requirements 0 d ~""-(-informatio . &olitjon of an information syste@) bas~ industrialinformation syste~ MIS techni ue for making programmed decisions.

~

ManUal information systems: Storing, retrieval and weeding out of dataforms of original documents -techniques of information presenting-systemapproach to organization and information flow, inductive approach.Co uter based I formation s stem: Electronic data processing -definition ofobjectives, adoption of record forms, preparation of data, microfilm, punchedcard and magnetic tapes for storing information. Flow charting, coding ofdata, development of r database, detailing of information, establishinginformation output formats for management variety of useful reports, analysisand interpretation of information. 20 Hours

PART B - INTERNET

4. INTRODUCTIONInternet Protocol Model Overview, Internet Addresses, Internet Protocol,Basics for internet and Intranets, Transport layer, Upper layer protocols,Internet access and applications. Future of Internet and related applications.

50

Router Technology, Network fundamentals (OSI layers), Internet Routingand Router market. 4 Hours

5. INTERNET AND INTRANET TECHNOLOGYOverview of HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) and HTTP (Hyper TextTransfer Protocol); Web servers, Web access, Security, WWW (World WideWeb) proxies, HTML technology and applications with examples related tobiotechnological fields.Browsing systems for the Web, the Internet and Intranet, Browsing featuresand capabilities, Netscape, building a Web site, getting connected, elementsof web service, security issues, management issues, Novell's WWW service,applications on the Web, search engines on topics of biotechnologicalrelevance, legal and ethical issues. 10 Hours

6. SERVICES AND APPLICATIONSLine services: technology, applications, vendors overview; definition of On-line services, history of On-line services and its market, On-line servicesindustry makeup, Technology trends, Broad band communication, need forBroad band, Network architecture supporting broad band and their carrierservices for intranets and internets, WebTV, Virtual reality technology,Opportunities for corporate education, training, marketing and businessapplications - all oriented towards biotechnological developments.

10 Hours

TEXTBOOK:1. Internet: The complete reference by Margaret Levine Young, Tata

McGraw Hill, 1999.2. Information system for modem management by Mudrick, G.R. (prentice

Hall)3. The information system for Management Planning and control by Prince

T.R.

REFERENCE BOOKS:1.The corporate Intranet by Bernard Ryan: John Wiley, 1997.2. Intranet Business Strategies, by Mellanie Hills, John Wiley, 19973. Application of 0 & M by Milwilrd, G.E4. System analysis for effective administration by Barish5. Development of information system by Donald (Ronald Press)

51

CAD & MATLAB


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100


PART A-CAD

1. ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEMCentral Processors, Data storage, Alphanumeric input and output, Graphical110 Basic software, Operating system, Models of operation, Time sharing,Real time opera~on, Data and file management systems.

05 Hours

2. PROPERTIES ESTIMATIONPhysical properties of compounds, Thermodynamic properties of gases andbinary mixtures, Viscosity, Vapour pressure, Latent heat, Bubble point anddrew point calculation, phase equilidria, Vapour-liquid equilibria, Liquidphase activity coefficients, K-values, Liquid phase activity coefficients, K-values, Liquid-Liquid equilidria, Gas solutions.

os Hours

3. EQUIPMENT DESIGNComputer aided design of reactors evaporators adsorption columns.Distillation columns (specific attention to multi components systems. Heatexchangers. 05 Hours

4. MASS AND ENERGY BALANCE COMPUTATIONSReview of linear algebra, Spread sheets and its role in process calculation.Material balance and energy balance computation using spread sheets, Casestudies. 05 Hours

5. DYNAMIC SIMULATIONReview on ordinary and partial differential equation, Boundary valueproblems, Stiff differential equation system, Dynamic simulation of stirredtanks system with heating Multi component system, Reactors, Absorptionand distillation columns, Application of orthogonal collocation and weightedresiduals techniques in heat and mass transfer systems, Introduction tospecial software for steady and dynamic simulation of Chemical engineeringsystems such as chemshare, Aspen Plus, CSMP. 14 Hours

52

PART B - MATLAB

Introduction to MA TLAB Environment, Defining Matrices, MatrixManipulation, Data Structures, 2D Graphics, 3D Graphics, Editor/Debuggerwindow, Creating MA TLAB functions, Improving code performance, ErrorCorrecting, How do mathematical problems arise in biology? Pr~valence ofdifferential equations, a practical approach to biological ~the~tics, Modelsin biology, Types of models - deterministic, stochastic, mixed .. Uses formodels - heuristic, predictive, mixed. How are models, the physical world,and biology related? When and why should we build models? How shouldwe treat models that exist already? .Mathematical modeling of biochemical and biotechnological systems. uSI~gthe MATLAB scientific computing environment. Estimation & plotting III

MATLAB. 15 Hours

TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKSEssential MA TLAB for Scientists and Engineers, Arnold I Wiley, NY

UPSTREAM BIOPROCESSING LABORATORY


BTL770442


250350

1.2.3.4.5.

Callus Induction TechniquesDevelopment of suspension culture from callus .Production of Secondary metabolite - AnthocyamnArtificial seed production (Axillary buds)Shake flask studies; Comparison of yield in synthetic and complexmediaEstimation of DNA (by diphenyl method)Estimation of unknown protein by Lowry's method.Fed batch culture - Assessment of yieldDevelopment of inocula; lag time effectPreparation of the fermenterProduction of Ethanol in fermenter - Study of growth, productformation kinetics, end substrate utilizationSingle Cell Protein (SCP) production by continuous culture

6.7.8.9.10.11.

12.

53

DOWNSTREAM BIOPROCESSING LAB ORA TORY

Sub CodeHrslWeekTotal Hrs,

BTL780442


250350

1. Cell disruption techniques.2. Solid-liquid separation methods: Filtration.3. Solid-liquid separation methods: Sedimentation.4. Solid-liquid separation methods: Centrifugation.5. Product enrichment operations: Precipitation - (Nl4)2 S04 fractionation ofa protein.6. Product enrichment operations: Two - phase aqueous extraction.7. Product drying techniques.8. Separation of Amino acids / Carbohydrates by TLC.9. Characterization of protein by dot blot.10. Characterization of protein by Western blotting10. Estimation of % of ethanol from fermented broth.11. Estimation of Citric acid from fermented broth.

Demo Experiments:

A. Separation of proteins by molecular sieving.B. Analysis of biomolecules by HPLC / Gc.

TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS1. Protein Purification by Scopes R.K., IRL Press,1993.2. Rate controlled separations by Wankat P.C., Elsevier, 19903. Bioseparations by Belter P.A. and Cussier E., Wiley, 1985.4. Product Recovery in Bioprocess Technology - BIOTOL Series, YCH,

19905. Separation processes in Biotechnology by Asenjo 1. and Dekker M.

1993

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54

VIII SEMESTER

INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT


CH810452


2503

100

1. Development of Management Thoughts: Concept & definition ofManagement, Social Responsibilities of Management, Pioneers inManagement: Contributions of Taylor, Henry Taylor, Gilberth & Mayo,Schools of Management thought: Management process school, EmpiricalSchool, Human Behavior School, Social system school, Systemsapproach school and decision theory school. Selection of site for theplant and plant layout, small scale industries, entrepreneurship, sourcesof capital.

10 Hrs.

2. Management & Its Functions : Definition and functions ofadministration. planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling.Concept of authority and responsibility.

3.10 Hrs.

Quantitative Techniques In Managerial Decisions: Concept ofproductivity, measuring productivity, concept of budget, effectivebudgetary control, time event, network analysis, ABC analysis, breakeven analysis, use of information technology, Introduction to linearprogramming, decision tables.

6Hrs.

4. Personnel Management : Recruitment and selection. Training ofpersonnel. Employer - Employee relationship. Settlement of disputes.Influence of ILO on the Indian industry 04 Hrs,

5. Production Management: Types of production, types. of planning,manufacturing planning, factory planning, production planning,scheduling, work study, method study, systems of wage payments,bonus, automation, organization of production, planning, planning andcontrol department.

8Hrs.

55

6. Materials Management: Functions of purchasing & teri Iali . ma ena s~n.ageme~t, .qu ity, quality standard & inspection, sources of su Ipncmg, principles & practices, Inventory management ABC a alPP.y,EOQ mod I al I" ' n ySIS,e , v ue ana YSIS& engineering.

7. Marketi~g Management: Functions of marketing, market res!!~:product hfe cycle, promotion of sales, pricing.

6Hrs.

TEXTBOOKS:

1. .T. R;, B:nga & S. C. Sharama - "Industrial Engineering & ManagementSCIence , 6 . Edn, Khanna Publications, 1989.

2. O.P. Khanna - "Industrial Engineering & Management" Dhanpat Rai &Sons, 1992. '

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. MillieU.L. 'Surface Activity', 2nd edition., Van Nostrad, 1961.

2. Stein Hoff - "Small Business Management Fundamentals" Me G Hill1980. ' raw ,

3. Milt.on, Burn & James - "Industrial Psychology" 6th Ed HarperInternational, 1968. ' . n,

Five Questions out of Eight Questions to be answered

BIOETHICS & BIOSAFETY

Sub Code BT 82HrslWeek 04Total Hrs . 52. . . . Exam Marks: 100~Ubhc ~cceptance Issues for biotechnology: Case studies/experiences fromf evelopmg ~nd de~eloped countries. Biotechnology and hunger: Challengesor the Indian BIOtechnological research and industries The Carta

protoco~ on biosafet~. Biosafety management: Key to th~ environmen;~~;r~nslble use of ~lOtechnology. Ethical implications of biotechnologicalpr ucts and techniques, Social and ethical implications of biologicalweapons

IA MarksExam Hours

2503

The Ie al d soci . . 10 Hoursth g an SOClOeconOffilCImpacts of biotechnology Public education of

e processes of b' t hnolosv : 'inf " 10 ~ no o~y involved In generating new forms of life forormed decISIOnmaking - with case studies. 05 Hours

56

Biosafety regulations and national and international guidelines with regard torDNA technology, transgenic science, GM crops, etc. Experimental protocolapprovals, levels of containment. Guidelines for research in transgenic plants.Good manufacturing practices and Good lab practices (GMP and GLP).

10 Hours

Environmental aspects of biotech applications. Use of genetically modifiedorganisms and their release in environment. Special procedures for rDNAbased product production.Intellectual property rights (IPR), WTO-GATT, TRIPS, Internationalconventions patents and methods of applications of patents. Plant breeder'srights. Legal implications, Biodiversity and farmers rights. Examples ofpatents in biotechnology. Special application of patent laws in biotechnology.Licensing and cross licensing. Flavr Savr Tm

Tomato as model case and case studies. 17 Hours

Beneficial applications and development of research focus to the need of thepoor. Identification of directions for yield effect in agriculture, aquacultureetc. Ethics & Biosafety aspects in Bioremediation. 05 Hours

TEXTBOOK:1. Intellectual Property Rights on Biotechnology by Singh K. BClL, New

Delhi.2. Safety Considerations for Biotechnology, Paris, OECD, 1992 and latest

publications.3. Biosafety Management by P.L. Traynor, Virginia polytechnic Institute

Publication, 2000.REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Sassaon A. Biotechnologies and development. UNESCOPublications,1988.

2. Sasson A. Biotechnologies in developing countries present and future,UNESCO Publishers,1993.

3. WTO and International Trade by M B Rao. Vikas Publishing House Pvt.Ltd.

4. Intellectual Property Rights in Agricultural Biotechnology by Erbisch F Hand Maredia K M. Orient Longman Ltd. .

5. Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, January 2000.6. Biological Warfare in the 21st century, by M.R. Dano, Brassies London,

1994.

Five Questions out of Eight Questions to be answered

57

Sub CodeHrs/WeekTotal Hrs.

NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY

BT8310452

2503

100


12 Hours

2. BioMEMSIntroduction and Overview, Biosignal Transduction MechanismsElectro,"?agnetic Transd~ce~s: ~asic Sensing Mechanisms, Basic Actuatin~M~hanlsrn:" Case Studies In Biornagneric Sensors; Mechanical Transducers:B~slc S~n~Ing Mechanisms, Basic Actuating Mechanisms, Case Studies inMlc.roflUIdlc I?evices; Chemical Transducers: Basic Sensing Mechanisms,BasIc .ActuatIng. Mecha~isms; Optical Transducers: Basic SensingMechanisms, BasIC Actuating Mechanisms, Ultimate Limits of Fabricationand Measurement, Recent Developments in BioMEMS.

15 Hours

3. APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN THE LIFESCIENCES

~uckYbalJs and B~ckytubes, .Fluidics, ~anufacturing, Diagnostics andoensors, Drug Deh~ery, Valuing Nanobiotechnology, Nanobiotechnology

vervl~w, Drug Delivery Revenues, Biosensors Revenues, Drug Delivery,Nano~lOsensors, Health Risks, and Challenges. Fullerenes CarriersDendnme s N . 1M' ,r, anopartic es, embranes / Matrices, NanosheIIs, QuantumDot Nanocrystals, Nanotubes, Targeting and Functionalization LeadingSegme~ts of Nanobiotechnology, Leading Applicati~ns of~~nobl.ot~~nologles, Drug Delivery, Drug Delivery Applications

loavatlabIlIty, .Suistained and targeted release, Nanorobots, Benefits of~:~O-Drug Delivery, ~rug Discovery Using Nanocrystals, Drug Discovery

g Resonance LIght Scattering (RLS),Technology, Rapid Ex- Vivo

58

Diagnostics, Benefits of Nano-Imaging Agents, Nanoscale Biosensors,Nanosensors in Drug Discovery, Nanosensors as Diagnostics,Nanotherapeutics.

25 Hours

TEXT BOOK/REFERENCE BOOKS:1.Unbounding the future by K Eric Drexler2. Biological molecules in Nanotechnology by Stephen Lee and Lynn M

Savage3. Nanotechnology by Mark Ratner and Daniel Ratner

Scheme of ExaminationChapter 1: Two QuestionsChapter 2: Two QuestionsChapter 3: Four Questions

ECONOMICS AND PLANT DESIGN


BT8320452


2503

100

1. PROCESS DESIGN DEVELOPMENTTechnical feasibility survey, process development, flow diagrams,equipment design and specifications.

5 Hours

2. GENERAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONSMarketability of the product, availability of technology, raw materials,equipment, human resources, land and utilities, site characteristics, wastedisposal, govt. regulations and other legal restrictions, community factorsand other factors affecting investment and production costs. 15 Hours

3. COST ESTIMATIONCapital Investments- Fixed capital investments including land, building,equipment and utilities, installation costs, (including equipment,instrumentation, piping, electrical installation and other utilities), workingcapital investmentsManufacturing Costs- Direct Production costs (including raw materials,human resources, maintenance and repair, operating supplies, power and

59

other utilities, royalities, etc.), fixed charges (including depreciation, taxes,insurance, rental costs etc.).Plant Overheads- Administration, safety and other auxiliary services,payroll overheads, warehouse and storage facilities etc.Profitability Analysis - Return on original investment, interest rate ofreturn, accounting for uncertainty and variations and future developments.Optimization techniques - Linear and dynamic programming,optimization strategies.

32 Hours

TEXT BOOK/REFERENCE BOOKS:1.Peters and Timmerhaus, Plant Design and Economics for Chemical

Engineers, McGraw Hill 4th edition, 1989.2. Rudd and Watson, Strategy of Process Engineering, Wiley, 1987.

Scheme of ExaminationChapter 1: One QuestionsChapter 2: Three QuestionsChapter 3: Four Questions

PROTEIN ENGINEERING AND INSILICO DRUG DESIGN

Sub CodeHrs/WeekTotal Hrs.


2503

100

BT8330452

.1. INRODUCTION TO PROTEINSPrimary structure and its determination, secondary structure prediction anddetermination super secondary structures, protein folding pathways, tertiarystructure and domain in proteins, quaternary structure, methods to determinetertiary and quaternary structure, post translational modification.

05 Hours

2. PROTEIN ENGINEERING AND DESIGNMethods of protein isolation, purification and quantitation; large scalesynthesis of proteins, design and synthesis of peptides, use of peptides inbiology, methods of detection and analysis of proteins. Protein databaseanalysis, methods to alter primary structure of proteins, examples ofengineered proteins, protein design, principles and examples.

06 Hours

60

3. INSILICO DRUG DESIGN .Generation of Rational Approaches in Drug Design, Molecular Modeling:The Second Generation, Conceptual Frame and Methodology of MolecularModeling, The Field Currently Covered, Importance of the "BioactiveConformation", Molecular Mimicry and Structural Similarities, Mol~ularMimicry, Structural Similarities and Superimposition Techniques, RationalDrug Design and Chemical Intuition, An Important Key and the Role of theMolecular Model, Limitations of Chemical Intuition Major Milestones andFuture Perspectives.

8 Hours

4. MOLECULAR MODELINGConstructing an Initial Model, Refining the Model, Manipulating. the ~~el,Visualization. Structure Generation or Retrieval, Structure V isualization,Conformation Generation, Deriving Bioactive Conformations, MoleculeSuperposition and Alignment, Deriving the Pharrnacophoric Pa~tern,Receptor Mapping, Estimating Biological Activities, Molecular Int~ractlOns:Docking, Calculation of Molecular Properties, Energy Calculal1o?s .(~oderivation), Examples of Small Molecular Modeling Work, NicotinicLigands, Sigma Ligands, Antimalarial Agents.

8 Hours

5. COMPUTER ASSISTED NEW LEAD DESIGNIntroduction, Basic Concepts, Molecular Recognition by Receptor andLigand Design, Active Conformation, Approaches to Discover NewFunctions, Approaches to the Cases with known and unknown receptorstructure.

3 Hours

6. DOCKING METHODSProgram GREEN Grid: Three - Dimensional Description of Binding SiteEnvironment and Energy Calculation, Automatic Docking Method, Three-Dimensional Database Search Approaches, Automated Structure.Construction Methods, Structure Construction Methods with known Three-Dimensional Structure of the Receptor, Structure Construction in the case ofUnknown Receptor Structure. Scope and Limitations, Points forConsideration in Structure, Construction Methods, Handling of X-RayStructures of Proteins, Future Perspectives, Types of programs available formolecular modeling- scope and limitations- interpretation of results.

11 Hours

61

7. COMPUTER - ASSISTED DRUG DISCOVERYThe Drug Development Process, Introduction, The Discovery andDevelopment Process, New Lead Discovery Strategies, Composition of DrugDiscovery Teams, The Practice of Computer-Assisted Drug Discovery(CADD), Current Practice of CADD in the pharmaceutical Industry,Management Structures of CADD Groups, Contributions and Achievementsof CADD Groups, Limitations of CADD Support , Inherent Limitations ofCADD Support, State of Current Computational Models, Software andHardware Constraints.

11 HoursTEXTBOOKS:1. Moody P.C.E. and A.J. Wilkinson Protein Engineering, IRL Press,

Oxford, 1990.2. The molecular modeling perspective in drug design by N Claude Cohen,

1996, Academic Press.

REFERENCE BOOKSl.Creighton T.E. Proteins, Freeman W.H. Second Edn,1993.2.Branden C. and Tooze R. Introduction of protein structure, Garland,1993.

Scheme of ExaminationChapter 1 : One QuestionChapter 2 : One QuestionChapter 3 : One QuestionChapter 4 : One QuestionChapter 5 : Two QuestionsChapter 6 : Two Questions

LA B TO INDUSTRIAL SCALING: BT PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

Sub Code

Hrs/WeekTotal Hrs.

BT8410452

IA Marks

Exam HoursExam Marks

25

03100

1. INTRODUCTION:Fermentation as a Biochemical process, Microbial biomass, Enzymes,Metabolites recombinant products. 3 Hours

2. INDUSTRIALLY IMPORTANT MICROBES:Isolation of industrially important microorganisms preservation of microbes,Strain development by various methods, Isolation of mutants andrecombinants, application of continuous, batch and fed batch culture.

SHours

62

W MATERIALS AND STERLIZA TION:. .3.EA. f t ical raw materials, Different media for fermentation,SelectIOn 0 ypl .. . h .1. ._

. .. f media Different sterilization methods - bate sten izauon,OpunuzatlOn 0 , ... .ontinuous sterilization, filter sterilization, Oxygen requirement.

c . S Hours

4. PREPARATION OF INOCULUM:Inoculum preparation from laboratory scale tofermentation, maintenance of aseptic condition.

pilot scale and large scale4 Hours

5. DESIGN OF FERMENTERS: . . .Basic structure of fermenter body construction. Description of different partsof fermenter aseptic conditions. Different types of fermenters.

5 Hours6. CONTROL OF FERMENT ATIONS:Instruments involved in the fermentation, control of pressure, temperature,flow rate, agitation, stirring, foaming. Online analysis for ~urement. ofphysico chemical and biochemical pararnete~s. Method of online and off linebio mass estimation. Flow injection analysis for rneas~~~nt of substratesproducts and other metabolites, computer based data acquismon.

10 Hours7. AREATION AND AGITATION: .. .Supply of oxygen, fluid rheology, factors af~ec~ingaeration and agitation.Scale up and scale down of areation and agitauon.

3 HoursS. FERMENTATION PRODUCTS: . .Recovery and purification of products, Use of filteration and centrifugation,cell disruption, chemical methods, extraction, chromatographs methods,drying and crystallization, membrane process. 5 Hours

9. TREATMENT OF EFFLUENTS:Disposal methods, treatment process, aerobicbyproducts.

and anaerobic treatment,3 Hours

10. ECONOMY OF FERMENTATION: .Fermentation as an unit process, economy of fermentation, market potential.Legalization of products like antibiotics and recombinants. 3 Hours

TEXTBOOKS:1. P.P. Stanbury, A Whitkar and S.J.Hall (19971 "Principles of

Fermentation Technology" (Aditya Book, New Delhi)2. Banks.G.T. (1996) "Enzymes and fermentation"

63

REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Bailey and Ollis "Biochemical Engineering" MaCgrew. Hill

Publisher2. Shule and Kargi "Bioprocess Engineering" Prentice Hall.3. Perlman. D. (Ed) "Fermentation advances" Aca press New York4. Reed. G. (Ed) "Industrial Microbiology" McMillan London

Scheme of Examination:Chapter 2 : One QuestionChapter 3 : One QuestionChapter 4&5 : Two QuestionChapter 6 : Two QuestionsChapter7,8,9,10 : Two Questions

METABOLIC ENGINEERING


BT8420452

2503

100


1. INTRODUCTION:Basic concept of metabolic engineering overview of metabolism. Different

models for cellular reactions, Mutation,mutagens mutation in metabolicstudies.

06 Hours2. METABOLIC REGULATION:Metobolic regulation network at genome level, Jacob and Monad model.Coordinate regulation of prokaryotic gene expression, Lactose operontryptophan operon, Attenuation, Feed back regulation. Regulation inbranched chain pathways, Regulation by isozymes, cumulative feed backregulation. Regulation of RNA synthesis. 18 Hours

3. METABOLIC FLUX:Metabolic flux analysis and its application, Methods for experimentaldetermination of metabolic flux by isotope dilution method. 05 Hours

4. BIOSYNTHESIS OF PRIMARY METABOLITES:Alteration of feed back regulation, limiting of accumulation of end products,resistant mutants. 10 Hours

5. BIOSYNTHESIS OF SECONDARY METABOLITES:Precursor effects, prophage, idiophase relationship, enzyme induction,feedback repression, catabolic repression, Important groups of secondary

64

metabolic enzymes, phosphotransferase, ligasesoxygenases, carboxylases.

oxido reductases,10 Hours

6. BIOCONVERSIONS:Advantages of bioconversions, specificity, yields. Factors important tobioconversions regulation of enzyme synthesis, permeability co metabolism,convertion of insoluble substrates. 08 Hours

TEXTBOOKS:1. P.F. Stanbury and A. Whitkar. Principle of Fermentation Technology

pergamn press2. Johnson and Thrins - Scaleup Methods in Chemical Engineering

REFFERENCE BOOKS1. M.L. Shuler and Kargi "Bioprocess engineering basic concepts"2. A.C. Bowden and M.L.Cardens "control of metabolic process" PlenumPublisher.3. Wang D I C Cooney C 1 Demain, A L "Fermentation and enzymeTechnology" John Willey.4. T. Roberts "Metabolism of Agrochemicals in plants" Willey Int.5.Zubey. G "Biochemistry" McMillon.

Scheme of Examination:Chapter 1: One QuestionChapter 2: Three QuestionChapter 3: One QuestionChapter 4: One QuestionChapter 5: One QuestionChapter 6: One Question

BIOPHARMACEUTICALS


BT8430452


2503

100

1. INTRODUCTION:Development of pharmaceuticals industry Therapeutic agents uses. Impartantunit process, Bulk drug manufacturer, Type of reaction in bulk drugmanufacture. 3 Hours

2. PRODUCTION OF ANTIBIOTICS:Introduction, Isolation of strain and its development culture preservation,scale up process, Fermentation of penicillin, streptomycin, tetracyclines,

65

cephalospherins, macrolids, peptide antibiotics, semi synthetic products, ~-lactum technology. Assay of antibiotics, mechanism of action antibiotics,antibiotics resistance. 15 Hours

3. BIOTRANSFORMA TIONS:Introduction, steroid transformation contraceptives, L-Dopa, Hybridoma celltechnology production and application of monoclonal antibodies, productionof viral vaccines, interferons, leukins. 6 Hours

4. NUTRACEUTICALS:Water soluble and fat soluble vitamins, Functions and nutritional importanceof vitamins. Deficency diseases, preventation. Estimation of vitamins fromthe sample, evaluation nutritional status of vitamins. Assay of vitamins.

10 Hours5.METABOLOMICS:Metabolomics, pharmacogenesis, single nucleotide poloymorphism, Inbornerrors of metobolosim, Drug targets. 4 Hours

6. RECOMBINANT PROTEINS:Therapeutic proteins regulatory aspects analytical enzymes: Brief .account on.recombinant proteins application, delivery and targeting of therapeutic

•... proteins. First generation and second generation therapeutic proteins. Futureprospectus. 10 Hours

7. PROCESS ECONOMICS:Iruroduction, cost estimate, capital cost, operating cost, process design anddetail. Estimates about equipment, raw material, Waste treatment, labour costin pharmaceutical industries.

04 HoursTEXTBOOKS:l. Gary Walsh "Biopharmaceuticals - Biochemistry and Biotechnology" .2.Heinnich Klefenz "Industrial pharmaceutical Biotechnology" Willy Int.

REFFERENCE BOOKS:l.Colin Ratledge and B. Kristiansen "Basic Biotechnology" Cambridge.2.Gotleib "Antibiotics volume I and II.3.Hellar "Genetic Engineering of food" Willey publisher.Scheme of Examination:Chapter 1& 2 : Two QuestionsChapter 3 : one QuestionChapter 4 : Two QuestionsChapter 5& 6 : Two QuestionsChapter 7 : One Question

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66

Syllabusof V to VIII SemestersB.E.

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Transcript of Syllabusof V to VIII SemestersB.E.